The Sun. — London, England, 1819-04-06 00:00:00

the p”sent circumstances it Wa3 to be consitiered whether the Bank could continue these cash pay ments, with a reasonable chance of its doing so without injury to the public, or postponing far ther the period at which that 'Corporation aright resume - cash ' payments generally. It was not founded upon a wish of the Bank, or any opinion in the 'Committee unfavourable to the solidity or lucompetency of the Bank. On these points would not then trouble their Lordships further, as other opportunities would probably offer for a fall and regular discussion of the subject. The Marquess of LsNsoowtatt made a few oh-, servations in support of the prominent points ad vanced by the Noble Minister upon the subject. Earl GREY spoke at some length in explana tion, and contended that Ministers had manifested the greatest inconsistency with respect to their conduct on the present occasion. • Tbe Earl of LAUDERDALE, in the course of _some, farther explanation, stated ttist the Committee Were not actuated in the slightest degree by an. idea that the, Bank was not in a stare eitahling it to fulfil all iisengagements. So far,. it was not . toinitled on necessity. The. question of exiir 7 dieticy, as it e-itiihi:ed ittielt • in their ideas.re spertiog tile resumption. ot cash p•lqi,Ails, was.a diftelent e nnshil e rminin, lie tho,iight Is iiiseit l callud upon in fairness to state thins much, and whirl; he could do without ,violating atk,y tie int- Trisect upon him, The question was then put, upon Earl crier's sobscquent tilt• inn for an adjournmeta, sshich was neg.tieed witlimo a division. The E.-but of iisattowni''s motion for consider iog the relevant Standing Oiders, with a view to their. 5115 pension, to-morrow, was agreed to, and their Loullb ips o atter disposing of some routine busintss, ailjouined. 110 USE OF COMMONS. A Person from the Court of Chancery presented some Arcounts of the Sum, now in Chancery, belonging to Suitors in that Court.—Ordered to lie on the table, and to be printed. %Ir. W DUNDAS bronght in a Bill for the better supply of the City and Suburbs of Edinburgh with Water.—Read a first time. WATER COMPANIES. Mr. NI. A. TAYLOR presented a petition from the West Middlesex Water Works Company and the Grand Junction Canal Company, praying for leave to reduce their Rates.—Or dered to be referred to the Committee. Mr. M. A. TAYLOR said, that in consequence of the peti tion he now had presented, he felt it Isis duty to express an ardent hope that the example of these Companies wuuld he followed by the other Water Companies. It rasa matter of the greatest importance to the public, in every point of view, that there should not only he a plentiful supply of, water, but that such supply should be given to the inhabitants at a rea sonable rate.—(Hear, hear !) I f ONDON CLERGY BILL. Mr. WILSON (Member for Loudon) presented a petition from the " Parishes of St. Magnus, London-bridge, and St. Margaret's, Ne* Fish-street, against the London Clergy Act.—Ordered to be referred to the Committee •n that sub ject. Sir R. WILSON presented a similar petition from the Pa rish of St. Michael, Queenhithe, stating that the Rector, from the hes, acrd from the rent of his parsonage-house, &e. after paying his Curate; had a net income of 3201. independent of a very valuable living he had in the country. The Honourable Member was proceeding to read the contents of the petition, when he was called to Order by Air. W. DUNDAS, who thought there was no necessity for entering into such details, as the petition would be read at the table. Mr. LAMBTON contended that every Member had a right to relate the substance of the petitions be had to present, and be would appeal to the Chair in support of what he said. The SPEAKER said, every Member had unquestionably • right to give the House an idea of what the contents of the petition were which "he was about to present ; and he was at full liberty to read such details front the petition.— (Hear, hear !) Sir R. WILSON stated, that be would not detain the House longer than merely to observe, that this Parish felt itself totally unable to pay the present very heavy Poor Rates, and that it was utterly impossible they could bear any in crease of the Clergyman's Rate. Ordered to be referred to the Committee. - Mr. lAMBTON presented a similar Petition from St. Leona.d's, East Cheap,i against the London Clergy Bill. The parish, he said, contained only `forty houses, and the Poor Rates were 7001.--Ordered to be laid before the Committee. DARLINGTON AND STOCKTON RAILWAY BILL. great number of Petitions were presented in favour of this Bill and against it, by Messrs. Davis, Powlett, Taylor, Sumner, Sze. On the motion of Mr. LANIBTON, that the Bill be read a second POWLETT said, he should move as an Amendment, that it be read a second time that day six months. Mr. M. A. TAYLOR supported the Bill, as he was con- Itinced it would be the means of giving a better and cheaper supply of fuel. WHARTON was decidedly against the Bill, add con tended, that next Session a Bill would be brought in which iVould give a clwaper supply of fuel than this Bill would. Mr. LAMBTON supported the Bill. After some observations from Mr. Holme Sumner, Lord Laseslles, and Mr. Russell (Member fur Saltash), the House divided. For the second reading . 93 Against it Majority against it l3 Lord CLIVE presented a Petition from Wenlock, against any alteration in the Duty on Coals, and another against the Insolvent Debtors' Act. A Petition was presented from Uxbridge, for a recision of the Criminal Law. . . Mr. HOLM E SUMNER gave notice, that on an early day, be should move fir leave to bring in a Bill to repeal the Act abolishing the Assize of Bread in London, and the Country in its vicinity. Mr. HOLME SUMNER presented a Petition from the parish of Maryldiom!, very numerously signed, fur equalis ing the Duty on Coals CORN BILL. Mr. HOLM E SUMNER said, be had another Petition - to present, the name of which he was sure 'Would be unpopular in that House. It was from the County of Suirey, and was signed by a numeieus body of tenantry in that county, who were suffering great distress in consequence of the advantages obtained by the foreign grower in the British market, and praying the House to adopt some measures for their relief. He certainly could- not express his concurrence with many of the sentiments which he had heard in the House on this subjeet. Many Members thought the provision in behalf of the Agriculturists made a few years ago so com pletely adequate, that no further provision was now re luisite. With these Gentlemen he differed completely.— So far from the existing laws affording an adequate proti.ction to the fanner against the foreign grower, he would say, that were every Geutleman in that House to give up to his tenants every shilling of rent, still the farmer would not lie able to compete with the foreign grower. Many Gentlemen, again, were of opinion, that the . , agriculturists were in a state - of very considerable sufferings but that this was not the proper time to take their case into consideration. They allowed that some measure for their re lief would be very desirable, but that it would not he prudent to agitate the question at the present moment. He so far differed with these Gentlemen, that he thought if ever there was a time for discussing the subject fully, fairly, and amply, this was the lime. He, for one, therefore thought this was the best time for entering on this subject. The I-louse could not legislate propel ly for anpclass under the influence of any apprehension of excitement of the public mind. They ought to go into such a subject fully, fairly and dispassionately. He knew that some additional protection was absolutely neces sary to the agriculturists of the county to which he belonged, and he believed that the distress was equally great in other parts of the country. Whilst they were endeavouring to fall in with the popular cry of cheap bread, they were running au imminent risk of having no bread at all.' He regretted, huworcr, that the prospect iu iawsur of the agriculturists . • - cuss et pritstiil far frbrn I'! coll4i not %let think so, wren he heard it from the bigirest authority„ th a t the man woo proposed any remedy for the tanners at present must be indiscreet, ray, even mad. Such was the language - held with 'respect to whitt be would contend were the vital interests of the country ; for were the agriculture of the country to be destroyed, the country must fall. Mr. DICKINSON agreed with the Honourable Member for Surrey,.that by humouring the popular cry fai• cheap bread, they were likely scion to hare uo bread at all; He wished to observe, that the late returns which had been pre sented to the House, claimed the serious attention of Gen tlemen. This question was one whidi must be looked to. It was in vain to talk Of Saving Banks or Friendly Societies, or giving small portions of land to paiishes bethe poor, .while the agriculturists remained in their present distressed state. He wished to call on his Majesty's Ministers to eemember, that the principal source of reyenne wet land—in remember, that Government could not go on.if the revenue• was not sop ported, and the revenue n.ust fall off if agriculture was not supported. Lord ARCM). HAMILTON, while he admitted the dis tress of-the Petitioners, differed with them altogether as to the cause of their tlictress, and the remedy for it. The proper rethedv was not a renewal of the Corn Bill. It was scarcely possible to sepal ate the policy of the Corn Bill from the ques tion of the correucv of the. country. The ion was then brought up, read, and ordered to lie on the tit He. Lord WM. FITZGERALD pretented a petition from the Roman Cat twin: intiabitants of a town in Ireland, the name of t,t)ich 'cook not be litard, praying the House to take the case.of the Catholics into consideration. ORDERS OF THE DAY. Lord CASTLEREAGH soggicsted, that as the usual hoot' connoeocen.elit of public business had long- , passed, tI C p r iv a t e husiness should give way. SI'E,AIi.,E4 said, the [louse was in this situation Tt it h t ,i'i l ess which the House had been occupied with was not.prieistr business ; it consisted t 4 petitions on carious sub.. jests. He brad yet two long pages • 9( names which in the regular course ha had to call upon", butif there was any 4311 sine's of paltictilar importanCe r it night be for the conre-.: thence of the Lir use to have it cal d on. Lord CASTLEREAUH said, there was a Report at the Bar from the Secret Committee.--:-(Hear !) CONV I urs. Mr. BENNET gave notice that on - IVednesday he %bout! move an Address to the Crown to prevent the sailing to Bo tany Bay of some ships containing female convicts. ZION. W. W. QUIN. Mr. AGAR ELLIS withdrew the notice which he had given for a motion for an Address to remove the Honourable W. Quin from the place of Custos Rotulornm of Limerick. In doing this he wished to explain that he had intended to found the Address on the Resolutions which the House hail already adopted respecting that Member. On reperuiing those Reso lutions he was shaken in his opinion ; and several Gentlemen of more' Parliamentary experience whom he had consulted thought that the words of those Resolutions were lint strong enough to warrant the proceeding he had contemplated. Iu what he had done he had been actuated by nothing but a sense of his duty as a Member of Parliament, as he bad known nothing of the Honourable Member in question until he had seen him rise in his place to defend himself.—(Hear l) SECRET COMM ITTEE.—FURTH ER RESTRIc LIONS ON CASH PAYMENTS. Mr. PEet. brought up a preliminary Report from the Committee appointed to inquire into the State of the Bank, which was read, and was in substance as follows : " The Committee appointed consider the state of the Bank are nowengaged in deliberating on their Report, which they hope to he able on an early day after the recess to pre sent to the House, and they confidently hope that they stall then be able to fix a period for the resumption of Cash Pay ments by the Bank, and suggest a plan by which this may be accomplished with safety. But the Committee are of opi nion that the plan which they have to propose will be mate rially °btu' acted if the Bank should be drained of its treasure by continuing to pay their notes of an earlier -day - than Jan. 1, 1817, and fractional,sums under Si.. in gold. They there fore submit to the consideration of the House the expediency of passing forthwith a Bill to restrain the Bank frcon making such payments, till after the Report of this Committee shall be received, and some legislative measure be founded there• 0n.,, Mr. PEEL wished to offer a few observations to the House. He was sure every one must feel that it would be premature to enter at l arge 'i nto the general principles on which this Report had been made. The Report itself laid a sufficient ground for the measure which he was about to propose. He should move for leave to bring in a Bill to restrain the Bank from making p a y i b ems of fractional sums under 51. and to restrain them from paying their notes issued before theist day of January, 1817, in Gold. In conseqUence of the Bank (he was sure with the best intentions) having issued a notice that they would pay their notes of an earlier date than January 1, 1817, there had been a considerable drain on the Bank and of the treasure which had been previonfly collected, there had been drawn out, np to the commencement of the present year, no less a sum than L. 4,500,000 There had been drawn out since the Ist January, iu the present year - 700,000 Making together, - L. 5,200,000 By the issue of this treasure. no good had been effected. Un less the issues of gold had been ac companied by a simultaneous reduction of Bank paper—(Hear, hear !)—the consequence must inevitably be that the gold would be sent where a profit could be made of it. No doubt could be entertained of the destination of that gold which had been issued by the Bank since the notice to which he had alluded. It was in fact announced to them by the Report made by the Minister of Finance in France. From that Re-, portit appeared that, in the sixteen months which had preceded the first of last January, there had been coined 25,000,000 of francs at the French Mint, amounting in value to about 5,000,0001. The Committee had it on authority on which they could perfectly rely, that three-fourths of the gold used in this coinage was the same that had been issued from the Bank. He would now ask of the House to restrain the Bank front making further payments in gold till the end of the pre sent Session of Parliament. The reasons on which he called for such a measure-were shortly these It was evident to every one that when the period arrived for the resumption of cash-payments, a quantity of bullion would be necessary, consider ably exceeding any supply the Bank could be sup posed to possess at present. This fact could not be questioned, and it necessarily followed, that the treasure of which the Bank might now be de prived would iu no respect ben e fit the country, but would only tend to make the Bank more 'un able to pay in cash, and conseq'aeutly to post pone the period at which the resumption could.be effected. These reasons led him to propose the Bill which he now asked leave to bring in, and he begged to say he moved for it solely with a view of facilitating the return to cash payments. The Committee bad a confident hope, that at an early period after the recess, they should be able in their Report to propose a plan for the resump tion of cash-payments. This. hope he thought would prove to be well founded ; and he must beg leave to add, that he was of opinion, the ines timable advantages attendant on a return to me tallic currency might be purchased by the plan DOw in contemplation, without subjecting the mercantile world to those inconveniences mud t some G,utiealfilatitki. Bated. lie then moved for leave to bring in a Bill 10 restrain the Governor And Company ache Bank of England from making certain parheiLts in Gold, porsitatit to, notices giveti tor that put:- pose. Tile Right Hon. Gentled an adde.d, the Horse would feel that this Bill, if permllted to be brought in, ought to pass with the least pos sible delay, and he therefore hoped that there would . he no objection, to its passing that evening through its several stages. Mr: Brtouonam said, he confessed he was some what embarrassed from the manner in which the Right Hon. Oentleman, as Chairman of the COni mittee, had introduced this subject ; in that em barrasSment he Was sure the House had partici pated. This was not a proceeding instituted on the confidence of the responsible'anvisers of the Crown; nor did it rest on the confidence of the Commit tee ; but it came before them on the partial state ment of something which the liighttion. Gentle man derived a knowledge of from what passed its the Committee ; and on this statement, without any disclosure made, Without. any facts to guide them, the House was called upon to pass a Bill withottrnOtice, without discnision,'• und,-, indeed, svi hoot the possibility of discussion. This mode of proceeding was withoist precedent, and could not - be deferntetlarpon principle. Formerly, when - A legislatire• measurewas-.adopted on 'this snhi., jeet, the HOUSe proceeded not only in a dif ferent,. but in an opposite manner. In 1797, the responsible Ministers of. . Crown, acting on information widely they relied —on,. procured an Order in Council, 'and they'rlicti came dOwn to the House, and called upon _them no on a sudden to pass a Bill without notice and without dis cuSsion, but, in the usual Course Of legiaatiee proceedings, they proposed a Bill to pais the House according to the usual and established rtLs. It was true that on that occasion the House had not All the facts before them ; but the HOuse rested on the Report of the Committee : lie Ob jected to the measure, because it rested. nor on the responsibility of Ministers. In 1797, Mr. Pitt came before Parliament, after the Order in Council had been issued, and the proceedings of that (lay received at least a full discussion ; the Bill brought in was considered in all its stages. There were two grounds, he said, on which the present measure was sought to be defended. One ground was its immediate necessity--the other, that the present was a proceeding subservient to an'ulterior pleasure, namely, the resumption of cash payments. With regard to the necessity of the measure, if it rested solely on that ground, he would feel it his duty to oppose it in all its stages. Whatever its necessity might be, why should the established rules of the House be vio lared ? What was it but a public violation of the proceedings of the House ? As to the BJuk, there was nothing to! compel that Corporation to give notice of paying their notes to January, 1817 — it was optional with them to do so. They gave. that notice, and should be bound by it. What is likely to result from this invidious proposition? It is said to be subservient to- another measure ; but why burry it with such rapidity through the Honse ? Why prevent a fair inquiry into its me rits ? It is said to be a measure of immediate necessity, but surely three or four days, during which it would go under discussion, would not affect the object in view, whilst it would give an opportunity to the House of considering that object. Surely it was not on such a pre text that the. Standing Orders of -the House should be violated, The Right Honourable Gentleman, by entering into a statement, embar rassed the House in no little degree. It he bad not removed the veil which concealed the pro ceedings of the Committee, but had simply satis fied himself . .with saying that the measure was necessary for certain purposes, and, if not passed • immediately, it were as well not to pass it at all ; but he entered into a statement of the arnountthe Bank had paid away in consequence of that no tice, which it was optional with them to give or to withhold. He stated that they had already • paid away five millions ; but surely the sum that they might be supposed to pay for the next three or tour .days was not a consideration which should induce the House to violate its established rules. From what was before the House, they could not think so ; he did not mean to say but an answer could be given to his objection, but until that answer was given, he could not entertain the motion. It might be that the delay of three or four days would be attended with inconvenience.; it was possible, perhaps, to justify so extraordinary a measure, but until he heard satisfactory reasons stated he would resist it. The King's Ministers had information on the subject. In 1797, when the Order in Coun cil was issued, the Minister of that day had his information from the Bank. In the present in stance, the Ministers have their information from being Members of the Committee. The differ ence, in his opinion, was but little; whether Mr. Pitt, as Chancellor of the. ExChequer, had his information from the Bank, or whether the Noble Lord and the Right Honourable Gentle man had their information as Members of the Committee. They had the facti within their reach, they are the advisers of the Crown,;and they could not recommend on any fair principle hurry ing the Bill through that House. Why, lie ask ed, was the principle acted on by Mr. Pitt, in 1797, not acted on now ?—if the necessity was so immediate and so pressing as had beets stated, even if the Bill were passed through all its stages this night, still an Order its Council, which might have appeared in the last Gazette, would have anticipated the present measure, and the Ministers of the Crown might then go down to the House, as Mr. Pitt did in 1797, and the subject, instead of being hurried through the House, might then undergo, as it ought to undergo, a full and fair inquiry. Having said so much, he had now only to add, that if this were a measure which he could see vitally necessary, much as be would lament that necessity, and much as be would blame the imprudence of the Bank, lie yet would not go so far us to say, that he would have been prepared to oppose a measure of imperative and immediate necessity. Lord CASTiEREAGII said, that time view in which the Hon. and Learned Gentleman bad con sidered..this question, so far concurred with his own, that it etas not likely that any great dad"- ence wools! o',.ist either as zo ge»cral mea.aire or the particular mode of carrviiig it through the House. He was perfectly prepared to admit, that if the me ssure was brought forward merely on ac count of the Bank, or to support its credit or in terest, it %vould be very unfit that it should be disposed of in the way in which it was desired to carry this Bill. But it was fortunate that the question could be disctissed without any reference td the convenience or credit of the Bank ; for the credit of that establishment was happily in so flourishing a state as to render the adoption of such a measure 'quite Unnecessary in that ;LI:11)11:13i e acted i" view. He must agree; that If the nece.oo ( o m f b i e l:c 4 11 1 - . ) ( e m azi s 'e , could v d 0 i t i t iodt notbe t, b n e ad i e )y ot a rt ny on some means expedient to pasa a MI of this kind iss sods a way, and that it would be coming to Parlia ‘'m,veben:j etl whole 1 i t hil er ' , t ea r na :O rit t e l t.a d b .4 e u' t is ;i lei a r t i I : )c o ni: w v :p irl r re t a :p til o t :e ls : , o c1 : 0111 t 1°: - adopt the precedent of 1797 locconsidering this, he begged leave to call the attention of the'llons° to a marked difference bet w ) cen the circumstanc e/ ruder which this measure Was judg .necessary nosy, and those under svhi.h been resorted to. It teas t 1797 had e ha tl t tat o in Dow, Parliament was sitting, the. Minis te ' thatE,tlling upon the, he gr case ('tt us teas, d r eG e li s tiote a 'va iv esal the aa y drain tsf o n the Bank to be so great, that, if it were continued.the public service wanliVat that critical er ind, the Midst of a fOrmidable war, he deprived.of of the most important me a n s o f carrying it 01) „,' The circumstances under which the measure ye ti now brought forward were very different•" 7 There was no war—no immediate alarm of s° se rious a kind--an inquiry was now going 04" / !;-• the best means of providi ng f o r t h e early resump tion of cash payments..., He was sure that " dc i such circomst epees the Honotirahie arid Learne d .. , Gentleman would would see that i t would b e an ex tra - ; ordinary step for isliniters tri haVe stepped in b li e ; tween Patlianient and theii Commit te es, tint) an Act of State to have at 'once deeided that. c l question which those Committ ees wer e apPoit' tet l to consider. It w ou ld sure ly li e aihiiitted• th there was no more proper mode in %% Lich a c , ° ,1 1 0 munication respecting such a mea sure COO"' ot received by Parliam e nt th an th roug h the report a Committee, whose delib erat i o n s were th rnea upon that very subject. This .was enoagh " ; tb show how wide the disti nc ti on was . between j case of 1797 and th e present. The suggest ' at. was that which the House would nosy nros o7 ,' turally adopt, rather th an th e trea sure of which was resorted to a s th e m ore summary r b ern ec • for a danger the n s o i m min ent . A s to the ° .10; lions to hastening the measure, it must hel 0t.,„ that it it was in itself wise a n d necessary' be l most expedition was necessary in adOPtl i l mo re the year 1797, the course a d o pt e d was s v t . l as mo re. rapid, besadse the apprehended mischi ef fu lly 11 itmnediate. And here he must stare b ow l Right concurred in the sentiment expressed by " s ure Honourable Friend (Mr. Peel), that this Len .. was recommended in the heatty • spirit of h as lug. the time when cash-payments should be cleft' nitively resumed. If the drain from the B ank (which it was the object of this measure to pr e : vent), was allowed to operate, it would have tl ' inevitable effect of postponing the period of t r e) )o sliming cash-payments, Farther than this, th 4 Bank was not interested in the question. As ttr_ te „, extent to which the drain had operated,some.sttaior mews haul already been made. It aprare a r. . within the last eighteen months, the treasure paid by the Bank, in guineas, b t" poor near, end sovereigns, was about 9,000,000‘• it wag , (train was to continue in this proportion, .. ate obvious to what an extent it must o p era o f postponing the period for the restorptrl:, cash-payments. Tire question, ther et ". i .i s . between . the inconvenience of passing 1 1 " ad mit. more rapidly than the ordinary f°" ll , er i o d ted or the inconvenience of having tbe I d b y the recurrence to Cash Payments postpon e ,_ ll t hus operation of that cause which the Bill w"` o d a y+ passed would prevent. To-morrow o r j'e the payment . of\dividends commence by (lie svlsie U and it would be no inconsiderable s"" r s ,, e ci 6 Would be required from the present stock oeraosci to pay the fractional sums. Therefore 11 ," we re must see, that if the proceedings on this 1)",, oar , not as iapid as the accelerating forms O i ni l e oss !lament admitted, a very serious inconvet must naturally occur. Another thit'g,d3 o oh; considered was, that the agitation of t l ders or ject operated as a notice to the hl, iireerlf the particular notes to call on the Benkl.(fied uY to make good their engagement as sig . ' 00 00 their notice. Above all he must beg the its to consider this measure was not meant, °i , , but fact, was riot any indulgence to the ro"' their. was recommended by the Committee 11 , 1 11 anxiety fur the speedy resumption of e . a e :items. Secondly, he hoped that tba 11 1 ° : „ p licah l , e1 See that the precedent of 1797 was no t , i r e. An" to the circumstances of the' present tin f the % Os' thirdly, if the House was persuaded °would sea dnm of the measure, he trusted they little de lay 35 the necessity of adopting it nith o oo' th e possible; On these grounds be called of bia lion of the House to concur in the moutiii'd olu se Ri Bit i ght Hon. Friend, and to agree to 5t151 4 orders which tw prevent woo • 0 ,100 3 from being passed w ith that rapidnY ke sw ard so desirable—for the House !mist w hets they were now within two days of the 131'1`05 holiday they usually adjourned for the &W el. ' ost poV and that therefore it Oil 8,1 l should h e r„lti ed in any of its stages till after that time , . It i• be worse than nugatory.—(l - lear , Aria:et woo, Mr. TIERNKY begged leave to say ri t one Of t tile The 1)11)11,15ed measure lie said was o .it goose , most important that ever carne before 1 year In Vie arty 1817, the proposition was rece ived. tviib ,g Tway and he telt much alarmed at the conllm" re 1817, the Bank gave notice that they we- O f f (baL • ctrnent ° 51. issited prior to the commen noteso I called in these t, to pay in specie. all notes for tractional P a "' , - year. Many individuals Kar l n ot fur the loot 1 vished to but to be able to say, that it they % 111 -forming this expectation they haul or oli; purpose of sculling them to the ,lank c and the l a ie n v i e )r r , t an t i l s t e e l:: they could , do 5 1 ; ) ; (1 ,„ t AO 2sr 1:4:° < A 5 ~~'