The Sun. — London, England, 1841-01-07 00:00:00

14 . : V 1 , 1 Nr N (4- 14: 1) 1 TIO N COURT ChICULAR. ' WIND'3OR, WEDNESDAY. Her Majeety accom panied to is Royal Highness Prince Albert to the lake rit Froigmore this morning at twelve o'clock, and en- Joyed there the amusement the ice and season affords, for tome time. Her Majesty was attended by the 'time os yesterday, with the addition of Sir Ho bert Otwav ; and Prince Albert was also attended by the 5311/e gentlemen as yeaerday. The Rev, Lord Wriothesley Russell and the ilxv. Mr. (:aftning- will have the honour of joining the Royal dinner party at the Castle this evening. A enbinfq. Council k summoned to meet on the 16th l a." . and the evening Viscount Melbourne will g i ve a limner to the Cabinet Ministers. The Belgian ISlinister and Madame Van de Weyer ►etu,rned to their residence in Portland-place on Tues day, from a visit to her Majesty at W►ndsor Castle. Sir Henry Mildmay, Bart., and Mr. Edmond Mild may, have arrived at Farrarlt`e ' S Hotel from Carne Uouse, the svat of Colonel Dawson aimer. Th e Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat Yesterday. The Lords present were Lord Brougham, the Vice-Chancellor, Mr. Justice Erskine, and the Judge of the Admiralty. The appeal " Edward KieHey n• William Carson," Speaker of the House of Assembly or the Island of Newfoundland, was resumed and con cluded. Rrectly after Mr. Pemberton, Queens Coun sel, had finished h►s reply for the appellant, their l'ordship's adjourned Without giving judgment. Lieu tenant-General Sir E Edward.t Oakley Park, Kerrison, Bart., s M.P.' gave a grand dinner last woes: near ye, to his fine corps of yeomanry the „uffolk Bor- ' dere rs . About 100 persons sat down to a sumptuous en tertainment. DEATH OF THE HON. RICHARD ST.LE GER. ---•We regret to hear of the demi se o f th e a b o ve H on. Gentleman. uncle of the present, and brother of the late Viscount Don eraile. He di-d last week at Roebuck, county Dublin, and was in his 70th year. There is no official confirmation of the reported retiremeat id Lord Hill; but it is said that his Lordship h i e in rent b such an i n diff erent state o f h ea l t h as to ren d er t h at y no means improbable. • fittrGit To N, JAN . 6.—TheNV Venerable Earl of estmoreland, who has recovered from his recent illness, e ntertained a distinguished party to dinner at his residence ~,° 1 t 11, ,?, B :eine, on Friday last, to ce l e b rate hi s bi rt h- day. The rioule Earl attained the patriarchal age of 82. MCountess Cadogan and the Ladies Augusta and . onona Cadogan arrived at Middleston.park , on aisit s the Ea r l an d Countess of Jersey, on TuuefsdAayulsey, at last, t a ron it visit to th e M arquis and Marchioness Battudes'ert, Staffordshire. APPROACHI NG HIGH LIFE. MARRIAGE: se t () IN count Alford, M. P., --sW e he ar th at t h e nuptials daughter o f th e M arqu i s of Northampton. and Lad y M ar i anne Compton, o d f V u will be solemnised in a few . weeks. Ca Castle etr emony will be performed in town, and not at 'Ashby. T he Earl of Fingal has now quite recovere d fro m his acc id en t on t h e E astern C ount i es Railroad, and " e nabled to resume his duties, as Lord in Waiting on the gne en, without any inconvenience. A La dy Dover. we underst an d , h as d e l aye d h er "enerture from Gowran Castle, Kilkenny, on a a c e k e e o d un vi t .i o th f t o w i n of her youngest children having' been attacked arrived at e "D ' ll s her Ladyship was to hav p i) . pos. neat' tt"t Ledge, Dublin, on Monday last ; from the above 1-. ''; " a visit, to Viscount Morpeth, ALI P. SAr A Li DFIITS RECOVERY COURTS . —At the litte hero . ugh s ' es s ions held at Falmouth, by T.. Painter , tst h 1 " t he Recorder, the Learned Gentleman hi% a e dd b r r e u s u s g m h g t ttise Grand Jur, stated that he had hope . r o h , of am wit hins m y th hi" e report of the Judges to t e regulation debts ended Courts of Record for the recovery of small by civil process within their municipal limits, t mod,-from what he had learned by letter and by per d . —nsi application, that the Judges had not entirely agreed l is n t he rules for conducting the business of such Courts. ` rnb ahly at the meeting of Parliament somethin definite old ts s arranged. g Ir., TILE FAIRY.—.A box has been pi c k e d up on ; t enon B eac h, near Loweetoffe, containing p a p ers w i t h sne gi g na ture of Capt a i n H ew i tt on t h em, which no doubt iPlahed from the wreck of the unfortunate Fairy, The effects of the Chinese intelligence have been alr ea d y felt. The price of tea at the time we write (three o'clock), h as fallen 7d. per pound, whilst that of East India C o tt on h as risen. The cause of the former c hange is obvious; the cause of g the latter is, that larg e it antities of C otton which, had e war continued, would hav e b een shipped for this countr th y, will, when the usual trade shall have been again opened at Canton, be sent to that pert ; and we are aware that in August last the native merchant (Jemset Jee) had in his possession, waiting the • t urn of ev ents, upwards of 100,000 bales of this article. iMattere have thus already be , ru n to settle down to the l evel of a wholesome standare—Shipping Gazette. p REFUSAL TO ALLOW CONVICTS TO GIVE .vioENCE riEFORE A CORONER'S Juity.—.At inquests held ' !.en/i"te,lay before Mr. Wakley, in the House of Correc . on the bodies of tw o prisoners, the Coroner, address inhg tho Governor, said., 1• lie siaould now (after hearing fee evidence of the tuitikeys) require the eviience of some thee ow-prisoners of tie decer.sed persons to place before b s jur Y." Mr. C hestertJn, the Governor, " You can h ' a d' any one you please." Aft er some o f t h e prisoners th'''ri examinee.; and question s p ut to t h em whether th lwer e satified w i t h t h e treatment they received, which 0 7 a nswered in the affirmative, the following colloply Ili t-o's Pl4Ce betwiscn the Coroner, the Governor, and a pris ..cotier, named , N'Anry Collins, an inmate of the infirmary : fi (" ,, n n er--- " l'ae silent system also observed throughout the l ov n e r —4.3 ' as lioell as the other parts of the prison 2—Yes ; ar e not ii . nurse allowed to speak in that place unless to a I really' The Governor—lt is really a strange thing. , enti. tiss not know what has come to the women re be.c.oruarodeswed to speak ),. I had issued positive orders that prisoners should together whilst in the infirmary. Coroner certainly is singular that the women should -.. a iri r e i T h ' e ti . etiiar, not avail themselves - of such a recreation. But aud 1). awere of the order? Governor—l gave the order, or th'eellieyed. it WRI, carried out. Sir James Williams, one or s i er `'igloo Justices, was understood to say that the tilh,temanated from the Magistrates. The Coroner said reflected of the prisoners was very satisfactory, and rs tell credit on the prison arrangements : he, however, tvgretted to observe that attempts had recently been made 0 f Prev'nt observe giving evidence as to death, in cases ,i those who bed been confined with them. From the I.lblit ' (j Paper s of 'Wednesd a y l ast h e h a d f oun d that in had tiests had been h eld at Woolwich upon seven convicts who • To issiiibed of fever, and that the authorities had refused per e,;l, °I ! inr the fe llow-prisoner s to he examined. He had ( 1 4a ! in n in saying that by law the Coroner could come ., or _heir attendenee t o give evidence, and that the au ! cif ties were liable to be punished for refusing. Such a r y e"'"tn "c was most alarmin and required the earlitsst 4"e,tigation by Governnient. g, S „ I. I.)E.ATII IN , 4 '4* j-- '''HE HOUSE OF C ORRECTION.— ft)re Arl'ri.a3l,' tiff,l ei and Elizabeth Ch - y n :l'o' ri esa were held in the above prison h a _ .he bodies of James Ashton, aged 69, The evi i• . rist)e) aged 38, prisoners in that gaol. Ih e 1 "nee ' n the case of Christie was as follows : hat . ( eceased was received into prison on the 20th of July, ,ing been sentericed to six months' imprisonment . and . 1 "srd labour f th e %., 3 , , '' r k eeping a bad house. On her admission moil o ' P:ased in the seventh yard, and continued there . 1 I Sh, o ' c 28 J, ult., being employed in "oakum" picking. pf h r 'en eJmplained of a paia in her chest and shortness oht,"th. By the surgeon's order she was relieved from ikenur exercise. She was subsequently removed to the 4; tr ut lry, where she was treated medically, and died on rA„_" Y last. A witness was examined who stated that surti"ceaseil broke a blood -vessel at the beginning of last !, . Mee, t .40 Verdi ct — N atural death. ,11 RTALITY OF CONVICTS.— day ~i 'n quest wam held at the Georg e and Dragon, Wool- si:hOn Tuesday , before M r . C. J. Carttar, on the bodies of two con- ttitr:+l:tatned B en j am i n Lewis and Walter p,"•eitee of M r. [Liss Young man . T he y, surgeon of th e d ockyard , went to rose th a t the deatl, of the deceased convicts occurred „tti natural causes, and the jury returned a verdict to Sflat effect. One of the jury inre of r. Bossy if it was tru e th at t j ie convicts in the qui dockyar d M d were compelled to wash every Saturday night in cold water? Dr. Bossy St wered that the convicts washed every Saturday, but t°e Water was warm. h klusToli PIPPINS.—A gardener in Scotland Vl'Pi,s'ligeocrcd that our finest winter apple, the Ribston n, may be preserved from the ravages of the American 71 ' 1114 or beg, an insect which has of late years been very '!fesiructive to wall fruit, by grafting the Pippi n on the stock (:, th" jargoneile pear, which the insect is never known to -''`ek• The eng raftment also impro ves t h e fruit in size kid fl avour T he Gazette des Tribune aux menti ons t h at M . ilea, stockbroker, absconded on Friday morning, leaving, 4 ' is said, a great deficit, nerson, w who for. tune w as in the h an d s of the de o fa p ulter, has hose laid an le infor. In , ilt ion b e f ore the Procurcur du Roi, and seals have been ;:" I ' bY orde r o f t h e competent authority, upon all hooks, to L S P", and o th er effects of the absentee, who is believed - "" gone to Brussels. zlite Cochin-Chinese, ‘vlto have come to Paris, :;10elrue their appearance at the last .soiree of the Minister . of g, ..nleree• Their dress was very rich, consisting of long 'irig robes, in the Chinese fashion. At the Minister'3, 4 , 8 6, 0 1 fact they are said to do in the streets and everywhere china. . they took from their girdles tablets covered with a„Paper, and with much gravity noted down whatever Ppeared to them worthy of record. Pr R t. . d aY tiff, S DURING TIIE PAST YEA R.—Yester pi Braidwood, the Superintendent of she London toe r Brigade force, made his annual report to the Direr- her f the various Insurance Establishments of the rum_ occur and extent of the various conflagrations which have Year, in the metropolis and its suburbs during the past * ;: a . • It commences by stating that the number and ex ;s:' of the fires have been greater than in any former ear Since the establishment of the brigade force in the 4, : it 1833, notwithstanding which the number of buildings b,ntially destroyed" is under the general average. The „iinioer of fires between the Ist day of January and the p e 3 a t t _daY of December, 1840, amounted to 863. It ap- I " from the report that they had chiefly originated in out of intoxication or carelessness by workmen. pi t of the entire number, however, 204 fires had taken to 4 t e _e in private houses. The number of fires that have to ? place since the establishment of the brigade amount 1 10,,i0'68; the number of buildings totally destroyed, 195 i ktolt:slY dsmagcd, 957; slightly damaged, 2,452. Tho ." q of lives lost during the past year by fires was 22. LITERATURE. THE IDLER IN _ITALY. Voi. 111. Colburn, London, 1840. A cheerful, accomodating temper, a freedom from insular prejudices, and a steady determination to bear with equanimity whatever personal inconveniences he or she may he subjected to, are among the greatest requisites that an English traveller can possess ; and Lady Blessington possesses these enviable qualities-in high degree, as her " Idler in Italy" abuodantly testifies. Not a page but gives proof of her truly Catholic nature, and her disposition to make the best of those various annoyances which haunt the steps of the traveller in foreign lands, with as much pertinacity as his shadow. Sterile, who knew well the character of most English tourists, and in one of the truest chapters of his "Sen timental Journey," has ridiculed their proneness to discontent, and utter abhorrence of being, what is called, " put out of their way," would have re cognised in Lady Blessington a kindred spirit, for if she have not the arch humour and simple pathos of this eminent author, she has the same unflagging animal spirits, and the same readiness to be happy, and to make happy. Though in her present volume she goes over ground with which the majority of our readers are, no doubt, already sufficiently familiar, yet her descriptive sketches—even when she is descanting on such a hacknied theme as Venice —never weary us, for we feel that - they arc drawn from her own fresh and vivid impressions, and not, second-hand, from the hearsay and recol lections of others, as is the case with some modern writers of travels whom we could mention. Her Ladyship quitted the neighbourhood of Rome in the sumtnerof 1828—how is it that she has allowed her " Idler in Italy" to remain so long in manu script ?—and of course did not omit visiting the celebrated waterfall of Terni, which Byron has so forcibly described in his fourth canto of " Childe Harold," and of which we are here told, in prose of nearly equal force, that " its mighty waters instinct with life, and fraught with super-human vigour, seem animated by a spirit of madness, into the terrible velocity with which they dash from rock to rock." With Padua—the mention of which city will at once fecal to the reader's mind some of the best scenes in the " Merchant of Venice"—Lady Blessington was much pleased, observing, " one of the peculiar attractions of Padua for me, is the number of old-fashioned houses, surrounded by gardens, which are to be found within its walls, looking as secluded and as quaint as if they were ma n y m il es f rom any town, and that their occupants, during the last century, had carefully refrained from changing their sober, but pleasing aspects. This mixture of foliage and flowers introduced between spires, and domes, and ancient buildings, have a charming effect, and I lin gered at the gates of some of these houses, half tempted to envy their owners." The picture which her Ladyship draws of Venice is a very sad one. This celebrated city, „hose merchant princes, like those of Tyre and Sidon, were for centuries among the most renowned and powerful of the earth, seems now to be in the last stage of hopeless decay. The busy hum of commerce is no longer heard on her quays ; the fleets of Europe no longer anchor in her ports ; her ai istocracv are shorn of their wealth, her Senate of its political influence ; the glory of St. Mark's is past and gone ; the Doge exists but as a name, in his tory ; and the Queen of Cities, whom Europe and Asia held alike in reverence, and who h•Ad so often struck dismay into the hearts of the Saracens, is now become a mere useless, unregarded cypher in the hands of Austria. On reaching Ravenna, of which we are told, that " of all the Italian cities, it is that which is least frequented by, or known to, English travellers," Lady Blessington was of course reminded of Byron, who here wrote by far the best and most enduring of his poems. We quote what she says on the subject, which we do with the more readiness, because the current of popular opinion seems of late years to have set strongly in against the Noble Childe — The custodc who showed us the apartments was loud in his praises of Lord Byron, and recounted v a ri o us instances of his charity. Ile could not see a parson in distress without succouring him," said he, " and the poor of Ravenna and its neighbourhood soon discovered this benevolent disposition, and 10,eset him every day when he went to the Pigncla. But it was not money alone that he gave them, signora, kind words and a patient hearing of their misfortunes accompanied his gifts; and, paupers as they were, they valued these scarcely less. I remember well his meetiag a poor woman of extreme age, and his telling her to come here ; when he not only heard her talc of distress, but gave her gold, and a weekly pension beside." I ques tioned the man about the habits of Byron, and he an swered that they were moll° bizzario, always reading or writing, taking little pleasure except in riding in the Pignthr, or playing with his favourite animals. " Though profuse to the poor," continued the custodc, " he indulged in no luxuries himself, signora ; and there was not a servitor in this Palazzo, that would not have thought himself aggrieved, had his repasts been so scanty, and of so ordinary a quality as those of the Lord Byron. He was not, like the generality of the tra vellers we hear of (for here we see hut few), pampered, and never satisfied with the fare set before them. He was greatly beloved at Ravenna, and we all grieved when he left us." On showing us the suite of apartments formerly oc cupied by the Contessa Guiccioli, he pointed to a very ill-executed portrait representing her playing on the pianoforte ; and assured us that it by no means rendered her justice, she being fairer, he averred, than even the dames of northern lands, and with golden hair. " We were all proud and glad, .signora, when the Count Guiccioli brought home his beautiful young bride. oi/ire, we thought not that either would have cause to regret the nuptials. The Count belongs to one of the most ancient families in Italy, and the lady descends from a long line of illustrious ancestors. Her grand mother, a celebrated beauty in her time, was daughter to the Marquis di Bagno of Muntua ; and her mother, who (lied in childbirth only a year or so after the young Countess' marriage, was a very handsome lady, and daughter of the Contessa Macherelli ; one of whose sisters married the Count Cobentzel of Vienna, and by another sister the family became allied to the noble houses of Erdeddi, Nadasty, and Esterhazy." The old servitor seemed to have so much pleasure in re capitulating the grandeur of the family connexions of the Countess that I listened patiently to his statement, which appeared to delight him not a little. " She was a kind and gentle lady, with a smiling face and an open hand," said the custodc. " She loved this stranger Lord, and for the matter of that, so did all who ap proached him. Poor lady ! how his death must have afflicted her." "In this room, Signora," said he, as we entered another chamber, " Lord Byron slept. Often has the light been seen burning in it till long after day had appeared ; and we used to marvel that one who was rich, and able to command all the luxuries of life, could prefer so abstemious a mode of existence, and such incessant toil. I have seen these chambers so littered with books that there was scarcely room to move about in them." A SAILOR'S REFLECTIONS ON DEATH.-- Death is Rt all times solemn, but never so much so as at sea. A man dies on shore—his body remains with his friends, and the " mourners go about the streets ;" but when a man falls overboard at sea, and is lost, there is a suddenness in the event, and a difficulty in realising it, which give to it an air of awful mystery. A man dies on shore —you follow his body to the grave, and a stone marks the spot. You are often prepared for the event. There is always something which helps you to realise it when it happens, and to recal it when it has passed, A man is shot down by your side in battle, and the mangled body re mains an object and a real evidence ; but at sea the man is near you, at your side —you hear his voice, and in an in. stant he is gone, and nothing but a vacancy shows his loss. Then, too, at SC4-to use a homely but expressive phrase —you miss a man so much. A dozen men are shut up to gether in a little bark, upon the wide, wide sea, and for months and months see no forms and hear no voices but their own, and one is taken suddenly from among them, and they miss him at every turn. It is like losing a limb. There arc no new faces or new scenes to fill up the gap. There is always an empty berth in the forecastle, and one man wanting a hen the small night watch is mustered. There is one less to take the wheel, and one less to lay out ith you upon the yard. You miss his form and the sound of his voice, for habit had made them almost nevesgary to you, and each cf your senses feels the loss. Ail these things make such a death peculiarly solemn, and the effect of it remains upon the crew for some time. There is more kindness shown by the officers to the crew, and by the crew to role another. There is more quietness and serious ness. The oath arid the loud laugh arc gone. The officers are more watchful, and the crew go more carefully aloft.__ Two Years before the Nast. SINGULAR AND FATAL lACClDENT.—Yes terdav an inquest was held before Mr. Wakley, M. P., in the b , mrd-room of the Middlesex Hospital, on the body f Nlahony, a fine voting man, aged 28, a plasterer. On Thursday Afternoon last deceased was standing opposite the Wheatsheaf, Edgeware-road, in conversation with a friend, when one of the horses in a Paddington omnibus fen down, through the slippery state of the road. De ceased immediately on witnessing the occurrence hastened forward to assist in getting it on its legs, when the ani mal suddenly throwing up its head, deceased was struck on the temple by a brass ornament affixed to the bridle, and felled to the ground. On being picked up he was found to be insensible, in which state he was conveyed to the above hospital, where he died on Monday last in con sequence of injuries inflicted un the brain. Verdict, " Accidental death." THE SUN, LONDON, THuRSDAY, JANUARY 7, 1841. WALSALL. (From the Morning Chronicle.) We scarcely know how to believe the implication in Mr Gladstone's speech, at the Wolverhampton Conservative Association, that he is supported by Wesleyan Methodists and other Dissenters. Mr. Gladstore's wealth has on it the stain which these classes have been accustomed to hold most in abliorrenr,e-..that df the tears and blood of slavery. Ile may not, like his brother, defend the Chinese mode of making war by poisoning wells, but the Ann_ Slavery religionists of this country nave commonly regarded money derived from the enforced toil of the scourged limbs of our fellow human beings as a poison sufficient to pollute the well-spring of religion itself. Few Methodists, it is to be hoped, arc so weak as to be cajoled by being flattered, from such a quarter, as "the tried and best friends of the Constitution." They need not be told, by the son of a slave. owner, what " the venerated John Wesley himself, if he were alive," would think of " our revered Establishment as it is now constituted." There can be little doubt of the feelings of the Patriarch of Me thodism had he lived to see the formation of a papistical party in the Church ; he would not have heard calmly of " the crimes of the Reformation ; strenuously would his voice have been upraised against the Puseyite priesteraft that makes void the Gospel by the exaltation of forms and cere monies; nor would he have forgone his Protestant faith and simplicity for afl the s Thistry of all the Gladstone,. The deservedly "venerated John Wesley" was practically a most energetic Church Reformer in his day, and the modern symptoms exhibited in the Establishment would have neutralized none of his ardour fur the vitality of re ligion. Mr. Gladstone is a Church Extensionist. He desiie rates an increase of churches adequate to the increase of the population. We ail know what this comes to —an in delirote plan of taxation. Is it conceivable that there should be Dissenters in Walsall prepared to advance this object by their votes ? It' so, they must be deeply in love with slavery and apostacy. In Mr. Gladsto le's brother's book, on " the State i❑ its relations with the Church," the notion of other religioniAs than those of the Estab lishment being equally tit for the functions of civil office is scouted as belonging to " the false philosophy of Liberal ism." Will Mr. J. Gladstolie carry his hoaxing upin Methodists and Dissenters so far as to disclaim the identi fication ? We repeat, that we cannot credit his having found or nt dc, amongst Nonconformists of any class in Walsall, so foul a traitorousness as his speech implies, to the cause of religious liberty. But Mr. Gladstone pretends even to be a Reformer. He draws upon electoral gullibility fior credence in the readiness of the Tory party " to repair and reform the glorious Constitution." Is this holiest or manly ? In a Conservative Club the rournbcrs may wink at each other, over their wine, at the cleverness of such professions; but beyond that circle they are delusive and fraudulent. It is aga'nst Reform that Mr. Gladstone's vote is wanted. should be be returned ke will vote with, and take his seat by the side of, men who have frankly avowed that they hate the very name of Reform. A similar declaration would have been more creditable to himself. Why should Mr. Gladstone be a Reformer, when, ac cording to his own avowed views of the present state of things, " the interest, the comfort, and the welfare of the poorest subject are equally protected and studied with those of his more fortunate neighbours ?" If so, nothing i; left to improve or amend. Mr. Gladstone's political doctrines do not hold together. He fishes with different baits for different classes. He avows himself at once a Reformer and an Optimist. However, we may congra tulate his poor supporters in Walsall on being so well off as he describes them to be. We should like to see their laces as they vote such falsehoeds against themselves at the hustings. The great practical assertion of a vote for Mr Glad stone will be, that the poor have a preference for dear bread. Every vote will be a petition to keep on the tax upon food. Every elector who supports him does so at the expense of his wife and family. He gives away a portion of their meals. He votes the bread out of his children's mouths. And should he pocket Tory money for his suf frage, let him not suppose that it is clear gain. He will refund in bread-tax. Bribing must run high, and the Par liament conic to an untimely end, or he may pay back much more than he receives, especially if his family be large. We say nothing of the effect of his conduct upon others : nothing of the desertion of those who toil, and who have a moral right to the bread, untaxed, which they earn by the sweat of their brow ; nothing, of the unrepresented millions on whose scanty subsistence this infamous impost is laid ; nothing, of the diminution of employment to the manufacturing workman by the food monopoly, which is driving the products of British industry out of the conti nental markets : let a sordid soul and a scared conscience give the go•by to all such considerations ; we say still, that the elector who, even for a bribe, helps to rivet the bread-tax is eventually the plundered party, while cajoled into believing himself the plunderer. At this Wolverhampton Club, which did its best to grace and strengthen Mr. Gladstone, a curious caution was given by Lord Dartmouth. His Lordship remarked that " another of the terms w hich was particularly agree able to Englishmen was that of cheap bread." It is agree able to most Englishmen, but not quite to all. To the toiliag classes it is naturally very agreeable. To the trad ing and commercial classes it is agreeable also. But to Mr. Gladstone and his party it is not agreeable. 'l'o every elector who polls for Mr. Gladstone it is not agree able ; or his vote is a falsehood before God and. man, Whether cheap bread be agreeable to him or not, is the point on which the voter has to express his opinion by his suffrage. And so, Lord Dartmouth strivcsto mystify the matter by adding, ‘• But if they found that under that pretence was concealed an attempt to render the coun try dependent on foreign nations for subsistence, then there was another reason for cautious procedure." One of the London Tory journals suppresses this portion of his Lordship's speech ; justly ashamed, we presume, of its imbecility. Do not the workmen of Wolverhampton pnd Walsall know that not free trade, but monopoly, is the cause of dependence? The labsurer can earn a large loaf from the foreigner. No, it is argued, you must not take it; you will be dependent on the foreigner far sub sistence. And will those who so persuade him against this dependence sell him food at the same rate ? Nut they, in deed ; nor at less than 30 per cent. in addition. Will they grow corn enough for hint at any rate ? If they can, they will not ; they want no more of his manufactures; lie may starve, while the land lies unfilled to the ex tent of millions of acres. such is the case at this very moment, and has been for years. The growth of corn is below the average consumption. And those who keep up rents by a monopoly price and a voluntarily insufficient produce, have the effrontery to tell the manufacturer not to be tricked into dependence on foreign nations for sub sistence I These are the doctrines which the electors of Walsall have to affirm or deny by their suffrages. Tne Tories really expect them, by voting for Gladstone, to im precate the curse of dear bread on themselves and their posterity. The eyes of all England are on them also; and " England expects every man to do his duty." SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. MANCHESTER—TUESDAY EVENING. The appearance of the Chester entry to-day seemed to be more attractive than any absolute desire for business. There really was nothing done. 500 to 10, twice over, against Morning Star for the Derby, and (rather sub rosa) 200 to 8 against Sir Hans, appeared to us the extent of the hettiogs. Offers, however, were numerous; 15 were pro posed to be given agaiMtt the field for the Chester Cup ; 20 to 1 offered against any horse. 500 to 20 was offered in a sterling quarter against either of Mr. Collett's) 200 to 7 was asked. Nothing was said upon any of the other events. The general opinion was that Bloomsbury will have the top weight, with not less than Oat. 10Ib. So much depends upon the handicapping, that nothing like business Can, in reason, be expected until after the 14th. THE OAKS AND Sr. LEGER ...Nothing done. HURRICANES AND STORMS. -- - -~-- - BOULOGNE, JAN. .._About four o'clock on S'anday morning, two French vess2ls ran on shore within 100 yards of the Northern 1 3 ,er, in an attempt to hit the mouth of the harbour. The wind at this time was Wowing a perft ct hurricane, and the lightning was as vivid as any I ever saw. The larger of the vessels, a fine West India man, of from 200 to 800 tons, laden with sugar and coffee, fired minute guns for a considerable time, but it was impossible to render her any assistance. The crew, upwards of GO in number, remained on board until it was nearly low rater, when they all walked ashore in s ifety. The smaller vessel, which was in some degree protected by the other, was a brig of about 150 tons, laden with wine and brandy, from Bourdeaux, and bound for Boulogne. Her crew and cargo are saved, and, were English sailors employed, the vessel, in my opinion, might be recovered, but it is absurd to expect much from French seamen. The pier all yes terday was crowded with persons waiting to see the West Indiaman go to pieces as all were assured she would ; indeed, the crew themselves seemed to be of the same opinion, for they spent the short time the tides alluded them in cutting off blocks and ropes. Tne captain of the brig set the foresail, in the hope that his vessel would drift farther in under the protection of the pier, which she did ; and there seemed to me to be gross mismanagement or cowardice, in taking this course. It was perfectly possible to work the brig out towards the buoy for 50 yards, when she would, of herself, have blown into the harbour; and which, I think, Deal boatmen would have done ; but the Frenchmen, however, never made the attempt, their only object seemed to be to get nearer the shore. At about o'clock the West Indianian parted, anti the next instant the sea was covered with coffee and splinters of wood for a considerable distance. This morning the strand for half a mile towards W imereux was thronged with per sons collecting fragments of the wreck that lay strewed upon the beach. A ; large detachment of Douaniers were stationed to guard the copper bolts and the ropes, that were eagerly sought for by the Poissardes. counted as many as thirty sugar tubs lying about, but all empty. Several logs of mahogany have been saved, but that is, I believe, the only part of the cargo that is not destroyed. One large fragment of the wreck re mains near the pier, and another has drifted down to near the spot where the Amphitrite was lost. The owners have been engaged all to-day in getting the cargo out of the brig. None of the wine is, I believe, injured. If the French instead of going to a great expense in building forts, had expended the same amount in build ing a harbour, all this would have been spared, and much more beside. I waited until a late hour for the Boulogne Gazette, which is not yet out, and have only had time, in consequence, to give you the above very imperfect account.—Evenin g Paper. IRELAND. Subjoined are some extracts from the Dub Evening Post received to-day : ATROCIOUS MURDER IN AIiNIAGII. The following appears in the Newry Telegraph, an ; Orange paper. We must wait for further accounts before pronouncing decidedly upon the motives of the villains en gaged in this shocking and cold-blooded murder. The paper from which we quote seems to be more than usually guarded upon this point : We have this day the painful duty of recording a mur der which has occurred within a few miles of this town— and which, in point of daring and savage atrocity, is per haps unparalleled in the North of Ireland. The facts, as communicated to us, arc as follow : On Saturday evening last, between five and six o'clock, six men, armed, approached the house occupied by a Mr. Powell (land surveyor to Mr. Quinn), situated convenient to the Roman Catholic Chapel of Newtown_ hamilton, in the county of Armagh, and about a quar ter of a mile distant from the latter village. On rapping at the door, it was opened by the servant maid, who, in answer to their inquiries, said her mas ter was at home, but that he was engaged. Four of the party then rushed forward, and, entering the parlour where Mr. Powell was at the time sitting with his two daughters, peremptorily demanded what he was doing; " about the school-house in the planting ?" We under , stand that a school-house—tor some reason or other, uncx ' plained to us, obnoxious to certain parties, had been in progress of erection on Mr. Quin's estate, under the su perintendence of Mr. Powell.] To this interrogatory Mr. P. replied, by asking the fellows how they dared to enter his house in the manner and at the hour they did? Upon which three of the ruffians, the fourth having been courage. ously hold back by one of the young ladies, seized hold of Mr. P., and notwithstanding that he, being a powerful man, struggled desperately, they at length succeeded in dragging him outside of his hall door, where, deaf to every appeal for mercy, they inhumanly shot him through the heart ! The ruffi in who remained inside struggling with the daughter, at length freed himself from her desperate gripe by bru tally striking her on the forehead with the butt-end of his pistol, fracturing her skull, and prostrating her senseless at his feet ! This horrible tragedy occupied but a few moments ; in the interim, however, the second daughter, having escaped by a back door, ran to the adjoining vil lage and alarmed the inhabitants. But alas ! assisrance carnet 00 late. The assassins had decamped. The body of the unfortunate father was found, where it had fallen, at the door ; his death, from the nature of the wound, must have been instantaneous. The heroic daughter, though still in a state of insensibility, was, by surgical aid, re stored to consciousness—her life is not considered in danger. These are the only particulars that have as yet reached us. We understand, however, that four fellows are now in custody, charged with having been concerned in this find and cold-blooded murder. BOAI.D OF EDUCATION. His Grace the Duke of Leinster has been succeeded as Commissioner of toe Board of Education by the ntrquis of Kildare, his son. We regret, in common with the public, his Grace's retirement—but we should remember th a t he stood manfully and perseveringly by the Board when it became the object of such shameless vituperation from the utter extremes of the parties into which the country is divided. The trust he held as Commissioner of Education has devolved upon his Grace's heir—Lord Kil dare—the son of es honest and as true an Irishman as ever lived. The Fitzgeralds were always Whigs, and the Mar quis of Kildare. we may be sworn, will not belie the high principles and the political creed of his lineage. NATIONAL _DEBT. (From Tuesday's Gazette.) The Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury having certified to the Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt, in pursuance of the Act 10,h Geo. I V., c. 27, s. I, that the actual expenditure (Attic United King dom of Great Britain and Ireland exceeded the actual re venue thereof, for the year ended the 10th day of October, 1840, by the sum of 1,55i0,6401. 10s. By. The Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt hereby give notice, that no sum will be applied by them on account of the Sinking Fund, under the provi sions of the said Act, bet ween the 7th day of January, 1841, and the sth day of April, 1841. S. HIGIIAM, Comptroller-General, National Debt-office, Jau. 5,1841. TOULON INTELLIGENCE. ( From the Sentinclle de la Marine of Dec. 30. ) The sending off troops is still carried on. On the 25th 500 men of the 24th Regiment of the Line, 346 of the 58th, and 220 of the 3d Light Infantry, were embarked on board the '1 rident, commanded by M. Ricaudy. This was not effected without the occurrence of an accident. The vessel had started to cast anchor at the mouth of the harbour, and the lighter which was conveying the troops was drifted outside the grosse tour; the soldiers threw themselves into the sea, and several nearly met with a watery grave. These poor wretches reached the town in a must dreadful state. They were re-embarked the same day. The Trident was shifting quarters at the very moment when the troops were going to board her, and that was partly the cause of the accident. This vessel loft fur Al. giers the same day. Four hundred and thirty men of the 62d Regiment of the Line left for Philippeville in the frigate Junon. The corvette Marne has proceeded to the said port with 380 men of the 61st Regiment of the line,: and 350 others belonging to the 26th Regiment of the line are also to leave during the day for Philippeville in the corvette The frigate Iphigenie, commanded by Captain Ferrier, left for the island of Bourbon with some men of the 33 Re giment of Marines. The first and second battalions of the 2d Light Infantry, being SOO strong, landed on the 26th, and marched to Montpellier the same day. A detachment of 160 men of the Vincennes Tirailleurs (sharpshooters) has left for St. Omers, under the com mand of M. I'Admirault, Chef de natalllon. A barge for the purpose of heating the pitch along the keel of the Jetsa line-of-battle ship upset a few days ago, in consequence of the bad state of the weather. Out of seven workmen employed in the barge two lost their lives ; the five others saved themselves by swimming. The Fulton packet has arrived front Algiers. It expe rienced dreadful weather during the passage, and the Com mander stated that several disasters had occurred along the African coast. The Diademe line-of-battle ship, which is entirely dis masted, was towed in near the harbour by a steamer. The store corvette I' Agate ran aground in the outer roads two days ago. She has not yet been got off. The steamers Euphratis and Etna have come into har bour to undergo repairs. The steamer Phaeton, commanded by Lieutenant Lae dcrich, which had recently arrived from Alexandria and Naples, and had gone to 'Alarseilles instead of stopping at Toulon, anchored in the roads yesterday. The Tou/onnais has the following singular story from a correspondent at Algiers. " During the Marshal Val6e's last expedition, one of our chasseurs found near the tents of a tribe we were ra vaging a sack of considerable magnitude. Without seek ing to know its contents he fastened it on the crupper of his horse. Ere long, to his utter astonishment, he heard a human voice issue from his burden, and dismounted to solve the mystery. On opening the sack he discovered a beautiful female, between Id and 17 years of age, and a valise containing about 10,000 francs. It appears that the young woman was the wife of an Arab, who had thus packed her up wilh his money as his two greatest valu ables, but in his terror had abandoned them both. The soldier placed his living prize on one of the ammunition waggons, and divided the money with his comrades.". THE LATE THUNDER STORM. STRANRAER, JAN. 3.—We have had an awful night of lightning, thunder, wind, and hail —quite a war of all the destructive elements. In the midst of the storm, the brig Jean Gordon, Captain Simpson, of and for Ayr, in ballast, from Cork, was totally lost with four of her crew, the master, one man, and one boy being saved. The master had his leg broken in getting on shore. She struck at four, a.m. at the back of the North Breakwater, at Port patrick Harbour, and instantly went to pieces. Several large and small vesasels have taken refuge in the lock. Sunday last was ushered in by a fall of snow, for the first time during the season. The flakes, though small, were unusually thick ; and in sheltered spots, where net the slightest drifting had taken place, the onfall towards even ing had accumulated to the depth of three and a half inches. In the forenoon while the sun snone at intervals, the country, far as the eye could penetrate, had at once a wintry and a beautiful appearance. For hours the flaky moisture clung pertinaciously to every shrub and tree ; and in gardens more especially it was interesting to behold vegetable nature exhibiting, according to the form of the various spccics,an endless variety of frizzled and powdered locks. In town, part of the snow melted as it fell, owing to the heat inseparable from smoke ; but we understand it was far otherwise in the country, where the storm is still severe, and bids fair to be a feeding one, in the opinion of many. To-day we had recurrence of snow showers at in tervals, but they were thin and slight, and added very little to the depositions of yesterday. Last night the London mail was past due about two h ,urs ; the Gallaway half an hour; arid the Independent coach at least an hour behind the proper time in the journey from Glasgow. The Edin burgh mail kept time wonderfully, notwithstanding the dangers consequent on the Crook, Tweedshaws, and Errick- Stanehrae. The Galloway guard reports a violent storm at Portpatrick ; the spray, he says, spouted over the highest houses, and the waves, from the Mull to Ailsa Craig and beyond, were so dreadfully convulsed that the captain of her Majesty's steam packet, in charge of the mails at Donaghadee, durst not put to sea. He also reports, with out giving the particulars, the melancholy shipwreck re corded in a separate paragraph.—Dumfries Courier. BRIDLINGTON, JAN. 4.—Yesterday (Sunday) morning we experienced a dreadful storm of thunder and lightning, 'accompanied with sleet and a heavy gale of wind from the north-cast. Several of the vessels that were riding here ( Bridlington) for the last few days, have proceeded for the Humber, but many others, which appear to have been off the land, are coming into the bay. FAVERSHAM, JAN. 5.—A tremendous storm of thunder and lightning passed over this place between seven and eight o'clock on Sunday morning, accompanied with a heavy shower of hail, and almost a hurricane. BOSTON, JAN. s.—On Sunday morning last, Boston and its neighbourhood was visited with a tremendous storm, which raged for some hours with the utmost violence. The wind blew a hurricane, the rain poured down in torrents, and successive peals of loud thunder rolled through tho air. The lightning was remarkably vivid, and altogether the storm was one of the most terrific description. At five o'clock yesterday morning, a heavy fall of snow commenced and continued at intervals throughout the day, with strong gusts of wind. STATE OF TRADE. ( From theAlancliester Guardian.) MaticllEsTEH.—The near approach of the time when the arrival of the overland and Levant mails may be ex pected, has caused a falling-off in the purchases for those markets, and the German buyers not having yet begun their operations, the market has been very quiet during the last few days. Yesterday, the demand both for goods and yarn—especially the latter—was very limited ; but, as cotton has again advanced, holders were per fectly firm in price, and the limited business done was at the rates of the preceding week. ROCHDALE FLANNEL MARKET, JAN. 4.—To-day we have had a better demand for finished goods, but in other departments there is no improvement to report ; and prices remain the same as last week. There is no change in the wool market. IIUDDERMELD MARKET, JAN. s.—The market, to-day, was duller than that of last week, but there is nothing to create despondency, as most of the mills are in full work, and orders, for exportation, are such as to keep the operatives in fair employment. Nor havo prices receded, all new :styles maintaining their stand. In the warehouses there is no change for the worse. 1, , V00!s arc stationary in price. SULPHUR MINES IN AFRlCA.—Letters from Tripoli give some interesting particulars of an attempt lately made by a French company to work the sulphur mines in the Gulf of Syrte. It seems that a French che mlilysts,enenamseorrine specimens Sulitil, residing at Tripoli, having accident of sulphur of remrrkable purity, a which be ascertained to have been brought from the in terior, determined to visit the place of its production. After a search of forty days, traversing the Desert of Barca, and arriving quite at the bottom of the G u lf o f S yrte, h o found mountains of sulphur mineral, and a lake whose bottom and sides were sulphurous earth, The mineral of the rock sulphur is extremely abundant, quite on the sur face, and many camels were speedily load e d w i t h samp l es. The district was nominally within the Pachalic of Tripoli, but had for some time . been absolutely ru l e d b y A b dcl, a Moorish chieftain of illustrious birth, who maintained an army of forty or fifty thousand m en , an d en j oye d a virtual sway over a very extens ive portion of thi s p ar t of the African continent. From th is chieft a i n M. S u b t il returned first merc hant s tol' at M arse ill es t o theraoce, and obt a i ne d th e obtained the exclusive rig ht of w o r king the mines in ques tion for a certain number of year s; , and, on t h e strengt h o f support tortascot,mhe .f t he er et l u e prosecution of his plan. In M&y he landed in Africa with a number of workmen, and amply provided with the means of turning the mines to the best acc o u nt . B ut i n t h e in terval the aspect of affairs had changed. The Moorish chieftain had been defeated by the tr oops o f T r i po li , an d i the district had returned to ts allegian ce , Th o B r i t i s h Government had protested against the contract with Abdcl as a monop )Iy, and therefore a breach of their treaty with Tut key, and all the exertions of 31. Subtil t o o bt a i n a con firmation of his contract were fru i tless. He was, however, a man of too much spirit to aband on hi s enterpr i se and accord ingly,having abandoned i w i i s ti rr io o u n t o a pol s y tgglc, :ru lie is negotiating with th e T urkis h Govern ment for permission to work the mines, in the hope of realising a handsome remuneration for hi s out l a y b e f ore he could be disturbed by the competition of any oth e r ad. venturers. The sulphur district lies between the ports of Tripoli and Bengal'. The rock ore has been found to to give 35-40 per cent. of pure sulphur, and also 2-15 of sulphate of soda, and 5.10 per cent. of salt. The sul phurous earth gave 45 50 per cent. of p ure su l p h ur, b ut was more di ffi cult of fusion. European produce in the interior of Africa bears a profit of 700 per cent., and gold dust sells there for only one dollar the metecal, or 373 English grains, and, indeed, all the interior prodve is at a similarly lvw rate.—Jourtial (j . Industry. THE REGISTRIES.-FICTITIOUS VOTERS-LORD ,FERRARD We observe the name of Lord Ferrard amongst the Peers who have convened the meeting in Belfast, to sup port the Bill of Lord Stanley, one of the pretexts for which is, to prevent the registry of fictitious claimants in Ireland. Let the reader turn to the report of a case at the Louth Quarter Sessions, inserted in another column, And say to which party should the odium of manufacturing fictitious voters attach ? Lord Ferrard should not have thrust himself forward as the enemy of fictitious claimants, when he cut such a figure in the Louth Registry Court. We refer to the registry reports from other places, par ticularly Carlow, where, we are happy to find, the Re formers are, after all, making head against the combina tion of exterminators. AGGREGATE MEETISO OF IRISH REFORMERS. Never, during any period of tho protracted snuggle against the combined Tories and Orangemen, were the friends of Reform and good Government more cordially united, and more determined upon obtaining the full rights of British citizenship for Irishmen, than at the present moment. The requisition lists fur the meeting on the 15th are rapidly filling up, and now present a splendid array of the distinguished friends of the good cause. The following are the terms of the requisition : " We the undersigned friends of Reform, request a meet ing on the 15th of January, 1841, in Dublin, of all per sons who arc desirous of establishing, by legal and con stitutional means, the rights of Irishmen to perfect equa lity of institutions and franchises with their fellow-subjects of England and Scotland, and we pledge ourselves to our countrymen generally to continue our united exertions for the attainmerct of those great and essential objects.—F. PONSONBY, Chairman of the Meeting." Since Saturday hundreds of names have been received, amongst which are the following : The Earls of floslth and Huntingdon ; Lords Ger manstow•n, Guillamore, Stuart de Decies, Louth, Netter.. ville, Riversdale, Oranmore, Stuart (son of the Earl of CastlesLewart), and Wallscourt : Sir Arthurt Blenner hassett, Bart., Sir Richard Keane, Bart., Sir P. Bel lew, Bart., Sir William Chatterton, Bart. ; Mr. Villiers Stuart, M. P. ; Mr. Arthur Henry, of Straffin, 011ANGI3 MEETING IN uLsrEg. The Ulster Times announces that the Tories and Orangemen of the Northern Provinces are to meet on the Ist, to make a demonstration in support of Lord Stan. ley's Disfranchisement 13111. Lords Londonderry, Hert ford, Ely, O'Neill, Enniskillen, Ferrard, the LoftArics, and the byresfords, join in this movement. We rejoice at it. This, then, is the time for the true friends of peace and honest government to rally, and the meeting of the 15th affords the opportunity. On Saturday night last a fine young woman , aamed Mary mouell, residing with her parents near the Market-gate, Woolwich, went to bed in good health, and arose and went down stairs to light the kitchen fire on Sunday morning. When her parents came down stairs, some time afterwards, they found her lying on ,the floor quite dead. From the appearance of the body, it is supposed that she had died of fright at the time of the terrible thunder-storm which pre vailed at seven o'clock on Sunday morning. What ren ders the case more distressing is, that she was about to be married on the following day to a recently discharged sapper and miner, at present employed as a stonemason at Deptford. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, JAN. 6. —Our market has exhibited considerable firmness and buoyancy to-day, and we have had a good demand for most of the leading Railway Shares, and prices generally have an upward tendency. The following are the closing prices:—Manchester and Leeds, 801, New ditto, 31 : Manchester and Birmingham, 26 to 27 ; North Midland, 81 to 82, halves, 40 to 41 ; Midland Counties, 81, quar ters, 15 to 16 ; London and South Western, 60; Great Wes terns, 93 to 94, halves 621 to 63, fifths, 11 to 11,-I ; London and Birmingham, 173, quarters, 28 to 281-, thirds,s9; Lon don and Brighton, 431 to 44 ; South Eastern and Dover, 13 ; Eastern Counties, 9 to 91, ditto debentures, 5,1 to 6. JUVENILE FLAGELLATION.—THESHERIFFS IN A DIFFICULTY.—TKO boys, of the names of Regan and Donovan, were tried on Tuesday, and ordered to be whipped yesterday morning, and then delivered up to their friends. The work of flagellation is part of the du'y of Calcraft, the executioner, than wham no official can bo more punctual in the performance of his duty ; and he is equally punctual in his attendance to perform it. It hap pened yesterday morning that the " functionary" did not attend at the usual hour (eight in the morning), hence the Sheriffs were at a loss as to how they could carry the sen tence into effect before the Court opened at nine o'clock, the whipping post being under the floor, and the cries of the culprits arc distinctly heard in it. It was at length announced that there was a person who acts as a messen ger about the Court, who formerly held a situation in the House of Correction, and was there a practical hand, and could " wield the cat•o'-nine-tails with dexterity." Fur ther time elapsed before this amateur could be found, but, on his arrival, he readily agreed "to perform." It appears he gave such satisfaction to all (tha culprits ex cepted), that the Sheriffs appointed him " instanter" to perform that duty permanently—s duty which was alwa)s repugnant to the feelings of the man whom he has super seded. Formerly it was the custom to flog adult prisoners publicly, and a few years ago 19 men were tied up in the court-yard on one day; but since the amelioration of the criminal law that degrading punishment has been inflicted only upon prisoners of tender age, and a birch rod has been substituted for the " cat." CORN-LAW MURDER.—On Saturday last an inquisition was taken at the George the Fourth, East-road, More Mr. Cooper, coroner of this borough, on view of the body of William Jolly, aged two years. The deceased child was the son of an agricultural labourer, aged twenty six years, residing in Popjoy's-rents, Gas-lane. He works at Chesterton, and his wages amount to only 9s. a week, out of which he has to pay Is. 6d. a week for rent. He had been out of work lately, and his wife and child were a few weeks since for several days literally in want of bread. They had but two blankets ; one was pawned in the sum mer, and the other the poor woman was obliged to pawn on Tuesday, the 22d ult., at a time when the deceased ch;_ld was suffering from illness. That night it became worse, and died in the course of a few hours ; no medical man was called in, the poor woman being unable to pay for any assistance of that kind. The family, it appears, sleep on a mattress placed on a brick floor, without sheets or blankets, and with no other covering than an old sack, the tnan's great coat, and the woman's cloak. A post mortem examination was made, from which, and from the other evidence, the Jury came to the conclusion that dis ease, which had terminated fatally, had bean brought on by the inclemency of the weather and the want of sufficient bed-clothing, and returned a verdict accordingly.—Gum bridge Advertiser. Instances are recorded by Morgagni and de llaen io the German Ephemerides, and by Mr. Thackrah, of the blood which streamed down the extremity in vene section feeling cold to the patient and the practitioner. One woman compared it to ice ; and the sensation given to Mr. Thackrah was the same as that of water at 68 deg. In the Ephemerides the same is recorded of blood from the nose. The stomach of a cod was found by Dr. Moseley to be not only colder than the water from which it was taken, and the rest of the fish, but painfully to benumb the hand. Similar observations were made at Newfound land, and are quoted by Professor nudlphi.—Llliolson's Human Physiology. The editor of the Sydney Gazelle, Mr. George Witliam Robertson, has been sentenced to pay a fine of 2001. to the Queen, and to be imprisoned for twelve months, for a libel on Captain Nips, of her Majesty's ship Dr. Sandham entered the service in 1805, was at Buenos Ayres with the Carbinecrs, at th 3 taking of the Cape of Good Hope, through the war of the Deccan, and the taking of the dilnrent fortresses, and at Bhurtpere.— The Doctor has been thirty years at least upon foreign service. THE; EARL OF CARDIGAN AND THE ELEVENTH HUSSARS. (From the Alligator.) We regret that we should have occasion to call public attention to the conduct of the Earl of Cardigan towards Dr. Sandham,. a most meritorious officer of this regi ment, which conduct has, however, had the good effect of producing a just, but tardy and unwilling reprimand of the Earl by the:General Commanding-in- Chief, to whom com. plaint was officially made. The circumstances, we understand, were, that Lord Cardigan had given orders that Dr. Sandham should at tend the troops to church and back ; on leaving, the doc tor passed through the little gate of the church-yard and fell in with the men, who marched through the large gate. When the troops reached the barracks the adjutant said to Dr. Sandham, " It is his Lordship's order that you fall in with the troops." " I don't understand you," replied the doctor. "It is his Lordship's order," re joined the adjutant, and went away. On the dismissal of the troops Dr. Sandham went to the Earl of Cardigan and said, " My Lord, I have been ordered to fall in with • the troops ;" to which his, Lordship replied, " Those are my orders, Sir." " But I don't understand them, my Lori." " They are my orders, Sir ; " and then his Lord ship, seeming to reflect, inquired, " Did you not come out at the small gate ?" to which the doctor replied, " I did." " Then," said his Lordship, " I order you in fu ture, Sir, to come out at the large gate." Some one overhearing the above conversation asked Dr. Sandham what the row was about, when he replied, " I came out of the small gate instead of the large one." His Lordship overheard, and sent for the doctor, and in the presence of two cflicers he gave him a severe reprimand. Dr. Sandh•tm sent in a written complaint to the General Commanding-in-Chief, through Lord Cardigan, who called for a counter statement from the two officers, as his witnesses, of what passed, which exactly agreed with the doctor's statement. The Earl of Cardigan came to town to ace Lord Fitzioy Somerset, who was absent, but he had an interview with Lord Hill, and shortly afterwards the Earl received the following reprimand " Horse Guards. " Lord 11111 regrets to find that his recommendation to the Earl of Cardigan, on a previous occasion, has not had the effect of preventing , applications to the Ilurse Guards, by way of complaint of the Earl's conduct." We think that his Lordship would best consult his own dignity—comply with the wishes of the army in general, and more particularly of his own regiment, and would conci liate the feelings of the British public towards himself, were he at once, by retiring from the army, to restore that harmony and good fellowship again to the 11th hus sars, which until his Lordship joined the regiment previ ously existed. We understand that the two officers, and Dr. Sandham, expressed their intention of leaving the regiment in con sequence of this affair. BELGIUM. BRUSSELS, JAN, 3.—lt is observed that the great house of Hope and Company has for some time past caused an immense quantity of Dutch ducats to he coined at the Mint of Utrecht. The quantity is estimated at several millions of florins, and it is supposed that they are intended for St. Petersburg, in payment of part of the last loan contracted by that house for the Russian Government. Such, at least, is the current report. (Official.) DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS ON STEAM ENGINES. '• The 31st article of the Royal decree of the 24th of June, 1819, contains the following directions:— " Our Minister of Public Works shall publish every year in the Moniteur an account of all the accidents which shall have happened in the preceding year to steam engines ot every description. This account shall mention the name of the manufacturer of the boiler, and that of the owner of the engine—the effects produced by the accident—and the recognised or supposed causes to which they are attri buted. " The Minister of Public Works, ( Signed) " CH. ROGIER. " Brussels, Jan. 3, 18.11.'% In conformity with this direction, the Minister of Public Works announces that it appears from the reports which have been transmitted to him, that during the year 1840 no accident has occurred. These reports include both the stationary engines, the number of which in the kingdom is about 1,160, and those of the steam-boats and the locomotive.—illoniteur Beige. A letter from Vienna of the 26th of December, in the Gazette of Cologne, says— " The Archduke Frederick has agreeably surprised his august father by sending him the journal, which he has kept (all in his own handwriting) during the present ex pedition to Syria, accompanied with plans of the coast of the places taken, and of the military operations." LUXEMBURG, DEC. 26 —Our Government has just ordered an inquiry: to be made, the object of which is to ascertain the opinion of the principal merchants and manu facturers of the country on the advantages and the disad vantages which might result to the trade and manufactures of the Grand Duchy by joining the German Custom Union. This inquiry commenced only a week ago, and a great number of p::rsons interested in the question have already given their declarations. JAN. 2. We find in the Echo that an order has been receised to arm the citadel, and to make the inhabitants lay in provisions for six months. The Echo is inistakcn ; no such orders have been received. What is believed to be the truth is, that measures arc directed to be taken to replace the provisions and stores of the fortress which have been commenced, and to put it in the same situation as it was in 1831. r , k.LCil UNDS—BaussEts, JAN. 5. Actual DOA, '2%, per Cent. Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Ca nt !Pi Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent. FN PO% ' per Cent. Thirty-seven -- .• ...... Loan of City, 1 i.. 3 •2, 4 per Cent 9a Society at Cornmcrce, 4 Y, per Cent llO Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent .......... National Society . Exchange on London (short) —Brussels Papers, Jan. 5. SEVERE WINTERS. The following catalogue of winters of extraordinary severity, together with their peculiar physical and historical results, will perhaps at present be interesting. It will be remembered the thermometer was not invent. ccl till 1590, by the celebrated Sanctorio : nor reduced to a correct standard before the year 17'24, by Fah reaheit. We have therefore no precise observations of temperature further back than a century prior to that period. We must glean our information from the loose and scanty notices scattered through old chronicles respecting the state of the harvests, the vintage, and the endurance of frost and snow during the winter. A bulky work, published by Pilgrim, in the German lan guage, at Vienna, in 1788, displays wonderful indus try in this research, and from a translation of it the fol lowing passages are abridged. The comparative mild ness of recent years will he particularly observable. In A.D. 401 the Black Sea was entirely frozen over. In 4G2 the Danube was frozen, so that Thvornedcr mar:l..llyd over the ice to avingc his brother's death in Swabia. In 545 the cold was so intense in winter that the birds allowed then:selves to be caught by the hand. In 763, not only the Black Sea, but. the Straits of the Dardanelles, was frozen over. The snow in some places rose 50 feet high, and the ice was so heaped in cities as in some places to push down the walls. In 822 the great rivers of Europe, such as the Da nube, the Elbe, and the Seine, were frozen so hard as to bear heavy waggons for a month. In 860 the Adriatic was frozen. In 874 the snow continued to fall from the beginning of September to the end of March, and incumbered the ground so much that the forests were inaccessible for fuel. In 891, and again in 893, the vines were killed by the frost, and the cattle perished in their stalls. In 1067 the cold was so intense that most of the travellers of Germany were frozen to death on the road!. In 1133, it was ext7emely cold in Italy. The Po was frozen from Cremona to the sea ; the heaps of snow rendered the roads impassable : the wine-easke were burst, and even the trees were split by the action of the frost with immense noise. In 1179, the snow was eight feet deep in Austria, and lay till Easter ; the crops and vintage failed, and a great murrain consumed the cattle. ; In 1234, the Po was frozen, and loaded waggons Crossed the Adriatic to Venice ; a fine forest was killed by the frost at Ravenna. In 1236, the Danube was frozen to the bottom, and remained long in that state. In 1269, the frost was most intense in Scotland, and the ground bound up ; the Cattegat was frozen between Norway and Jutland. In 1221, such quantities of snore fell in Austria as to bury the very houses. In 1292, the Rhine was frczen over at Breysach, and bore loaded waggons ; one sheet of ice extended between Norway and Jutland, so that the travellers passed with ease ; and, in Germany, 600 peasants were employed to clear away the snow for the advance of the Austrian army. In 1305, the rivers of Germany were frozen, and much distress was occasioned by the scarcity o f pr ovisions and forage. In 1316, the crops wholly failed in GerninoT ; wheat, which some years before, sold in England at 6s. a guar- , ter, now rose to 21. In 1323, the winter was so severe that both hors e and foot passengers travelled over the ice from Den mark to Lubeck and I)anizic. In 1339, the crops failed in Scotland, and such a fa mine ensued, that the poorer sort of the people were re duced to fe e d on grass, and many of th em per i s h e d miserably in the f i e ld s ; y e t, .❑ England, w h eat was, at this time, sold so low as 35.6( . 1. a qua r t er . In 13,1-1, i t was clear frost from N ()vein:Ler to March, and all the rivers in Italy were frozen over. In the year 1408 was one of the coldest winters over remembered. Not only the Danube was frozen over, but the sea between Gothland and Oeland, and he tween Norway and Denma r k, so t h at wo l ves d r i ven from their forests came o ver t h e i ce to J ut l an d. I n France the vineyards and orchards were destroyed. The successive winters of 1432, 1433, and 1431 were uncommonly severe. It snowed 40 days without inter- E V N_ ING ED ITI OIN mission. All the rivers in Germany were frozen, and the very birds took shelter in the towns. In 1460 the Baltic was frozen, and both horse and foot passengers crossed over the ice from Denmark to Sweden. The Danube likewise continued frozen two months, and the vineyards in Germany were destroyed. In 146 s the winter was so severe in Flanders that the wine distributed to the soldiers was cut in pieces with hatchets. In 1344 the same thing happened again, the wine be ing frozen into solid lumps. In 1564, and again in 1665, the winter was extretnely severe and protracted. The Scheldt froze so hard as to support loaded waggons for three months. In 1371 the winter was very severe. All the rivers in France were covered with hard and solid ice, and fruit-trees, even in Languedoc, were killvd by th e frost. In 1394 the weather was so severe that the Rhine and the Scheldt were frozen, and even the sea at Venice. In 1621 and 1622 all the rivers of Europe were frozen, and even the Zuyder Zee. A sheet of ice covered the Hellespont, and the Venetian fleet was choked up in the Lagoons of the Adriatic. The winters of 1635, 1659, and 1660, were intensely cold. The rivers in Italy bore heavy , carriages, and so much snow had not fallen at Rome for smral centu ries. It was in 1658 that Charles trte Tenth of Swe den crossed the Little Belt over the ice, from Holstein to Denmark, with his whole army, foot and horse, fol lowed by the train of baggage and artillery. During these years the price of grain was nearly doubled. in England, a circumstance which contributed, among other causrs, to the Restoration. In 1684 the wintrr was excessively cold. Many forest trees, an,: even the oaks in linginnd, were split by the frost. Most of the hotlies were killed. Coaches ,trove alornz the Thames, which was covered with ice eleven inches thick. Almost all the birds perished. In 1691 the cold was so excessive that the famished wolves entered Vienna and attacked the cattle and even men. l'he winter of 1695 was extremely severe and pro tracted. The frog in Germary began in October, and continued till April, and trimly people were frozen to death. In 1709 occurred that famous winter called by dis inction the cold winter. Al! the rivers and lakes were frozen, and even the seas, to the distance of several miles from the shore. The frost is said to have Pen'- trated three yards into the ground. Birds and wild beasts were strewed dead upon the field, and men perished by thousands in their houses. 'rho more tender shrubs and vegetables in England were killed, and reheat rose in its price from two to four pounds a quarter. In the south of France the olive plantations were almost entirely destroyed, nor have they yet reco vered that fatal disaster. The Adriatic Sea was quite frozen over, as was the coast of the Mediterranean about Genoa ; and the citron and orange groves suffered ex tremely in the finest parts of Italy. • In 1716 the winter was very cold ; on the Thames booths were erected and fairs be:d. In 1726 the weather was exceedingly severe. In 1729 much injury was done by the frost, which listed from October till May. In Scotland multi tudes of cattle and sheep were killed by the snow, and many of the forest trees in other parts of Europe were killed. The successive winters of 1731 and 1732 were like wise extremely cold. The cold of 1740 was scarcely inferior to that of 1709. The snow lay eight or ten feet deep in Spain and Portugal. The Zuydcr Zee was frozen over, and many thousand persons walked or skated on it. At Leyden the thermometer fell ten degrees below the zero of Fahrenheit's scale. All the lakes in England froze, and a whole ox was roasted on the Thames. Many trees were killed by the frost, and postillions were benumbed in their saddles. In both the years 1709 and 1740, the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland ordained a national fast to he held, on ac count of the dearth which then prevailed. In 1744 the winter ryas again 4ry cold. The Mayne was covered seven weeks, and at Evora, in Portugal, the people could hardly creep out of their houses, through heaps of snow. The winters of the five successive years of 1743, 1746, 1747, 1748, and 1749, were all of them very In 1734 and in 1735, the winter was again exceed ingly cold. At Paris Fahrenheit's thermometer sunk to the beginning of the scale, and in England the strongest ale exposed to the air in a glass was covered in less than a quarter of an hour with ice, an eighth of an inch thick. The winters of 1766, 1767, and 1768, were very eold all over Europe. In France the thermometer fell :ix degrees below the zero of Fahrenheit's scale. In 1771 the snow lay very deep, and the Elbe was frozen to the bottom. In 1776 much snow fell, and the cold was intense. \Vine froze in the cellars both i❑ France and Holland, Many people were frost-bitten, and vast multitudes. both of the feathered and finny tribe, perished. Vet 6 c quantity of snow which lay on the ground had checked the penetration of the frost. Van Swindell found in Holland that the earth was congealed to the depth of inches on a spot of a garden which had been kept cleared, but only nine inches at another ph..ce near it which was covered with four inches of snow. The winters of 1784, 1765, And 17. 1 9 were exceed ingly cold, and of 1795, when the republican armies of France overran Holland. The wintets of 1799,1800, 1809, and 1812 wcrc rc— niarknbl;• cold. ln 1814 a r‘lir held on the river Thames, which was frozen over, and printing presses were set at work on the ice. lo 1824 the son of the celebrated Radical, Itinry Hunt, drove for a wager his father's blacking-van, dram s by six horses, across the ice on the Serpentine. --- OPENING OF THE GREAT NORTII OF ENG LAND RAILWAY.—NORTIIALLERTON, JAN. 4.—This day, long looked for, was ushered in with severe snow storms, which continued throughout the day ; notwithstanding, imn.ense numbers of people congregated together at ara early hour in the morning, at the Station-house, the coal-. depots, and at different places adjoining to the railway, especially at the Castle-bill, the Zetland-bridge on the Richmond-road, and the grand stand on the race-grourd, in order to witnttss the arrival and passing of the engines and trains of coal waggons. About half after ten in the morning, the first two engines passed by the station-house without stopping, drawing one hundred and two waggons: of coals on their route for York; in about twenty minutes after, two more engines arrived, drawing SQ wag-- goes leden with coals, which stopped a short time to take. in avatar, and then proceeded too the southward ; the next two engines which arrived, drawing ahlut the same number of waggons, were accompanied by a band of music end numerous flags flying, which, after taking a supply of water, also proceeded for the south. Fresh trains conti nued to arrive until about halt after three in the afternoon the last four trains were fur the depots at Thirsk an& Nerthallerten. Trains of waggons will continue to at.— rive at the different depots on the line of the said railway, on Tuesday and Wednesday, so as to fill up each dep o t with various kinds of coal front the most celebrated mines in the county of Durham. On this diy no misfortunes h ave happened on this part of the line of railway. —Leeds Journal. PORTUGUESE BONDIIOLDERS.-A meeting of Portuguese Bondholders was held yesterday, at thc Lon don Tavern. The meeting was very fully attended. Mr. Tacker in the chair. The resolutions proposed and adopted were seven in number, and they set forth that the Government ought to &vote all its revenues to the re payment of the bondholders, as it was pledged to do ; chat the decrees of the Portuguese Government of the 2,1 of November was a breach of faith ; that the British Govern ment should be called upon to exert its influence to obtain• the settlement of the claims. They also complained of the supineness of the contractors for the Peninsular Loans, with respect to the claims of the bondholders; arid they stated that thoic claims amount to no less than one hun dred millions sterling. ATTEMPTED A SSASINATrON.—Abota WC' o'clock on the learning of Saturday last, James Drum mond, porter tour. Gilmour, Soutlii Ilanoyer-street, v•Ali attacked on the Govan road, near Clyde !laugh Nur scry, by two men, one of whom fired a p•sto i at him, which slightly grazed his neck, While the other struck him with a bludgeon, or some heavy weapon. Drummond immediately screamed out, when the fellows made Ott . ! but it is his impression that they ha d mistaken hi m for some other person. Both the me n were ar med with pistols, with caps or bonnete, and an seen to clothes : they were light made , pass the Shed d a they wore fustia n Toil from Glasgow. I t is not im p rob able that they :re toe persons, or a part of the gang , who had w i t ni n T f New South lt°F W a le s , it a p pears that sw these yic ini t fourteen y (; Ia sdgaoy comm itted so m t .ny outrages in that vicinity.—Gla sgow oroithie. I ESSION.—In the aristocratic err ceps arc scarce , as witness th e f o ll iiw i ng , w hi c h i we take from the ij Sydney H era ld o f August 5 ;—" Sweeps w an ted.—Thcre is a very ex ce ll ent opec i ng for a gentle man o f this Fine it, S y dney at p re s e nt ; et cry body's iN t r it T o: 7 ; o IIE P chimney wants sweeping, and there i* no sweep, or if there is a follower of that profession, nobody knows where to find him—be ought to advertise. Several informations have been laid a -, t v ,ains parties for vii,t haying their chimneys swept, and the firemen arc on the luok out to get an in formation against some p a rty who Illily follow the goal old cubtom of setting five to their chinineys occasionlly when they want sweeping—the punishment for which is eightern months' imprisonment." A Bisuol , DisGnAcED.—l had an account on Thursday of the judgment that was given that day at Lambeth, when a sentence of deprivation was pronounced against the Bishop of St. David's, upon three heads: simony, extortion in taking exorbitant Ices for his ins,tru_ ments, and giving certificates to persons of their having taken the oaths when they had not, which in the canon law is called forgery. He is, besides, Condemned to pay abaut 7001. for costs.—.lames's Court mall, 77;11(4 of Wil liam 111. Form , Ans.—My Lord Dorset was set upon on Saturday night by four or five footpads, as he cattle by Tyburn. Ile sa3s little Of it himself, but I hear they took from ni him to the value of fifty or sixty pounds, with his gold George. They seeing him fumbling in his pockets, told him it was not honourable to siokupon them, and they must search him ; whereon he threw his money out of the coach, and bid them pick it up. One of th-m told him, if they did not know him, they should me him Worse. —James's Court and Times of 'William 111. ) 0)141 ;I V 3 P 101 )ally'! cr co I NIP 01 311 ' 11$Y, irS I ' l ry•' l , ad , fiv its i ° oold )1 - aa l t i. t 6 y , n )o ( inc ° ,' bon' ttcrhl rter too cif we [l 4- of