The Sun. — London, England, 1849-01-11 00:00:00

DEAL, JAN. 10.—Wind W.S.W. , squally.—Acrd. Diana, China ; Wiudnur, Gre,:son, Madras ; Guinare, Jamaica ; riy Ye,do, PugA ash ; N,T thuniherland, Calcutta ; Gambia, Gambia. Arra. from the River—Gedong, Wyse, Cape of Good Hoi,e. The Druid, Tboma-i, which arrived in the Dow's to-day from Demerara, exporienc, d severe gales during the whole of last mouth, and en the 26th was struck by a sea, which carried away bulwarks, stanchions, boats, bowsprit, shrouds, fore topmast rigging, shire anchors, fore chains, and some chain ; ry the same time she broached to, and was thrown on her beam ends, when everything was cut away to chef her. RAMSGATE, JAN. 10. The William Orightaed, Wright, from Yarmouth to Shoreham, which was on shore Rear 1),al, has put in here to-day, with loss of anchor and chain, on her way here she got on shore again. YARMOUTH, .TAN. 10.—The Margaret, Brig, of -Avock, from Poole to Hull, struck 6n the Scroby Sand this morning, but was got oil, and has been assisted in here making water. ABERDEEN, JAN. 9.—The Mansfield, Leslie, of and for this pert, from Hartlepool, was totally wrecked at ..I"inThAven yesterday; crew saved. CLONAKILTY, JAN. S.—The Ceylon, Laps!), from the Clyde to New York, was totally wrecked in 8065 Bay this morning; 28 of the crew and passengers saved; there is but Hate of the carco saved. The Diadem, Skeene, from New York, in cculitog up the river, struck on Burbo Bank, and has arrived here with 13 feet water in her hold. LLANELLY, JAN. 9.—Thr, Victory, of Aberystwith, for the SpiLiy Copper Weiks, struck against Laugher Bridg e last night and sank, but it is expected that the vessel and cargo wil! be saved. SWANSEA, JAN. 10.—It blew a strong gale here last might trom the west, v‘hin the Lady Prudhoe, for Cuba, was obliged to slip both anchors, and has got safely into harbour. The" , .aria, of St. Ives, from Pentreath, which sank 7th inst. cif the hat beur, is expected to b - oc,rne a total wreek; some of the ma'erials have been saved. Un- TUSKAR, JAN. 9. over Steward, Dome , rare, for Liverpool, wii.h loss of hoW:sprit, sails, &C. OFF ..+lArtce.TE, JAN. 10.—Wind W., fresh.—Sca Witch, Rcyncr, Shanaiae; Gulnare, West Indies. MARKET NE Wz-, -( THIS DA Y.) These NE WGATI4 AND x.r..a.D=Nitazza. ruark,]t i ‘‘-.q-c heavy. and inlets had a down ward tendency. Bee, from 2s 6d to 3s 4d; Mutton, Ss 4d to 4s 4 , .1; Veal, 3s 4d to 4s 4d; and Pork, 3s 6d to 4 s 6d rifr Sibs, by he carouse. NICV.7 ISLINGTON CATIZE raaRIC.ET. Although the hol:iii,g - ot the secoad cattle ma: ket was Exed for to-day by the promoters, not a single hcsd of stock of any d,tcliption was brought forward. We can, therefore, make no report of the proceedings. No buyers were in attendance. ramam SOUTHALL, JAN. 10.—Our market to-day was well Supplied with each kind of fat stock, the demand for which was heavy, at drooping price. —Beef, trom 2s 6d to 4s; Mutton, 3s 4 1 to 4s lad ; Veal, 4.4 to 4s 4d; and Pork, 4s to 4s 6d per Sibs, to sink the offal. ROIIFORD, JAN. 10.—Al! kinds of stock were very dull, and lov,er to purchase —Beef, from 2s 8d to 4s; Mutton, 3s 6ci to 4s 101 ; Veal, 4s to 4s 4d; and Pork, 4s 2d to 4s 6.: per 8lbs; Suckling Calves, 18s to 245; and quarter old store Pigs, 17s to 22s each. LEWES, JAN. 9.—Prime Sheep mostly sold at full prices; othtrwise the demand was in a siuggi-h state. — Beef from 35 to 4,i 2d ; Mutton, 4s to 5s ; Veal, 3s 10d to 4s 4d ; and Pork, 4s to 45 4d ptr 81bs. HAY iitElt~K~ TS. SsIITRr•IELD.--Meadow Hay, 2/16s to 31 13s; Clover ditto, 31 5s to 41 lOs ; and Straw, 11 3s to 11 9s per load. A full average supply, and a dull trade. CumßEßLANn.—Meadow Hay, 21 18s to 31 13s ; Clover dicta, 3/ 88 to 41 10s; and, Straw, 11 5s co 11 10s per load. Supply but mocteratQ, and trade rather dull. WHITECEIAPEL.—M'ea:Iow Hay, 2/ 165 to 31 15s ; Clover ditto, 3/ lOs to 4/ 15s; and Straw, 1/ 3s to 1 9s per load. Tra.2e dull, at the above quotations. CORN AVERAGES. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH COLN For the Week ended Jan. 11, 184 S, made up from the Returns of the Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in England and Wales per Imperial Quarter. wuE,ax. BARLEY. OATS. I RTE. I BEANS. I FEAS. PRICE .• 41s 10d 30 $ Sd 17s Od 26s 4d I 32s 4d 37s 9d DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORN. WHEAT. BARLEY. I OATS. RYE. I BEANS. 1 PEAS. 10 S Od 2 3 Od 33 Gd 2s Od 23 Oct 25 o*l CHANCERY.—(THIS DAY.) This being the first day cfltiry Term the Lord Chancellor resumed his sittings. His Lordship, in con sequence of the arrangements that have been msde for the convenience of the equity bar, sat in his court the Old Hall, Lincoln's It:n, instead of his court at Westminster. His Lordship will nut sit at West minster till after Parliament has met. The Court hearil appeal motions and appeals, but no case of any interest, except to the parties conceri.ed, came before the court during the whole morning. ROL _LS' COURT.—(THIS DAY.) His Lordship the Master of the Rolls sat for the first time to-day since Chriarnai in his Court. at the Rolls house, Chancery-lane. This being the first day of Hilary Term, his Lordship h, and motions, and was oc cupied the whsle morning with a motion for a new trial, in which Mr. Sergeant Citiahnel wis engaged. Nothing of any interest came lefore his Lordship. CE - CHANCERY—(THIS DAY.) (Before the VICE-CHANCELLOR of England.) His Honour sat in his Court in Lincoln's Inn to-day, It being the first day of Hilary Term. This was the first sitting of his Honour since Christmas. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL V. THE EARL OF STANFORD.— JUDGMENT. His IloNona gave judgment this morning in this case, which was argued before him for several days in Decein • ber last. Our readers will recollect, from the statements we gave on the hearing of the case, that the cause came before the Court upon an information filed by the Attor ney-General, at the relation of several inhabitants of the town of Manchester, against the trustees, heed -master, and usher of the " Free ,Grammar School of Manches ter," praying for an account and a reference to the bias • ter of the Court, to settle a scheme for the future ma nagement of the charity, having regard to the alteration which had taken place in the circumstances of the town since the foundation of the school; fur the appointment of new trustees in the stead of those now made de fendants, on the ground that they were not qualified under the terms of the deed creating the charity. The charity was founded by Hugh Oldham, Bishop of Exeter, and the deed bore date in the 16th year of Henry VIII., the Lord Bishop having, at his own cost and charge, built within the town of Manchester a house adjoining to the College of Man cheater for a free school, there to be kept for ever, and to be called "The Manchester School." He had also, at his own expense, purchased other premises, which he had conveyed, together with the said school-house, to Hugh Bexwycke and Joan Bexwycke and their heirs, "to be disposed and convi rted to and for the continu ance of the teaching and learning to be had and taught in the same school." It was witnessed also th .t Hugh and Joan Bexwycke grunted the said premises and others described, " to twelve persons therein named, and their heirs for ever, to the use and intent that they should per form, fulfil, and observe all the acts, ordinances, provi sions, and constitutions contained in the schedule thereto annexed." The schedule then provided fur the appoint ment and payment of a high master and usher, who should teach freely and indifferently every child and scholar coming to the school, without any money or other reward except only their stipends, 101. fur the high master, and 51. a year for the usher. It was next pro vided, that after the surplus revenue of the charity bad accumulated to 20Z, the annual surplus was to be given to the exhibition of scholars yearly at Oxford and Cam• bridge, who had been taught in the school, so that no scholar should have yearly above 265. Bd. It was also provided that future vacancies in the number of the trustees should be filled up " from among honestgentle men and honest persons of the parish of Manchester." In the course of time, the revenues of the charity having greatly increased, the salaries of the masters were raised; twelve exhibitions of 60/. each were instituted, and the remaking surplus was invested and accumulated In m time to time. In 1832, these accumulations, amountin , to one hundred and twenty-nine thousand pound's in the Three per Cents., an order was obtained on petition under Sir Samuel lionailly's Act, the 52d, Geo. 111., chap. 101, tor a reterence to the master to settle a scheme for the future management of the charity. The masters had been permitted for many years to take boarders, and the respective salaries ol high master, Usher, and two assistants, had been increased to 500/., 250/., 1701, and 135 L, the number 01 scholars being 200. The income of the charity had increased to 4,500/., leav ing a surplus of 2 8004, after all e xpenses. The Master's scheme provided for certain extra tuition, and the sum of 10,0110/. was set apart for rebuilding the high master's house, and oth er i mprovements, a ll out o f t h e surplus fund. The system of boarders was also sanctioned, and boys from six to twenty years of age were made eligible to rt main at the school. The masters' salaries were also increased, the exhibitions were continued, and the boarders as f ree scholars were allowed to participate in n em- In 1835 the information was filed, seeking to rugn the scheme of the master as above stated, on ground that the Attorney-General was no party to " and that the trustees not being residents in Munches. ter re ineligible to fill the office. The informa tionw also obje c t e d t o t h e manner i n w hi c h t l ie sc h oo l 41,sa carried on , as b e i ng quite subversive of the nature " Free Grammar -school." It objected also to the a i ti t a c En Loarders, as bein g a t va ri ance w ith th e t e rms deed and the int e nti ons of th e founder, and it ob ieted t 0 the is . immense oil; Jay expend e d i n rebuilding the Inftster's li e dhouse, &c. In their answer the defendants re- Pre Pl. ' ne 'Pally upon long usage having recognised the Lord B Ystem. The 1840,eas was argued before trio present th hancellor in who gave it as his opinion : a t all children of an age to be capable of instruction ' , ere to also of be admitt e d to the ached. llis Lordship was in opinion that the boarders should not participate exhibitions, and that they should nor, derive be- Ini T h l t n b a e ny way by which the expenditure of the charity the till increased, but tits Lordship did not think that the S t , es should be ramoved. A decree was made to L or r,"o appeal, and the matter being reheard bet', re fe_ 'll-4yridliurst, the decree was so far varied that it re ,Ted to V tio ns se master to inquire under a hat restric t, and limitations the masters were to bo arders. T he matter had now come be qaa„t th e i on Court on th e - report o f t h e master, end the Praaqea _ be decided p r i nc i pa ll y was , w h et h er the t ou „, a . ot taki ng b oarders was inconsistent with the goi u t : t ., l ?` and obj , cts o f t h e charity. His Honour, af ter , teheto a oat f,considerable len g th into the case, ordered th e sev eral ir the estrying on t h e charity to b e var i e d i n cl ear anrportant particulars, and stated it to be his boarders decided opision that the practice of taking was inconsistent with the foundation and ob jects of the charity. THE SUN, LONDON, LADBROOHE V. SMITH.-JUDGMENT. His HoNouu also gave judgment in this case, dismis i,ing the bill with costs. The Court then proceeded to bear motions, but nothing of any interest came before his Honour during the morning. (Before the Vice-Chancellor KNIGHT BnucE.) His Honour heard motions and petition to-day, it being the first day of Hilary Term. (Lief ore the Vice-Chancellor WIGRAM.) /ONES V. HOW.—JUDGMENT. His HONOUR stated that in this case, which stood in the paper to-day for judgment, ho remained of the same opinion he had expressed at the hearing. NIXON V. THE TAFF VALE RAILWAY.-JUGDMENT. This case stood on the paper for judgment to-dgy, but at the suggestion of his HONOUR, who stated his opinion to be, that the question must be decided at law, the matter was ordered to stand over to Wednesday next io order that the parties might consider of the issue to be tried. The Court then proceeded to hear motions. QUEEN'S BENtH.-(THIS DAY.) (Sittingsinßanco.) This was the first day of Hilary Term. The Learned Judges took their seats on the bench shortly after ten o'clock. DAWSON V. HAY. This was an acti,:n tried at the last Guildhall sittings, before Lord Denman, when a verdict was given for the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs are the well-known advertising agents, and they brought this action to recover the payment of an ; , mount incurred on account of the Shrewsbury and Leicester Direct Railway Company, of which the de fendant was a provisional committeeman. Nr. TErdriA; moved fur a rule to show cause why the verdict should not be set aside, and a new trial granted, on the ground of misdirection, arid of the verdict being against evich , nce. Ile contended that ro evidence had been adduced to show that the defendant had taken any part in the uroceedings of the company of a kind which could make him liable for its debts. He also argued that the Learned Judge, in leaving it to the jury to say how far the acts of the defendant were caVulated to lead a reasonable man to suppose that he had authorised the per:ms giving the orders to pledge his credit, was mis• direction. His Lordship should have added, that to make out liability, it was necessary that the plaintiffs should have been aware of such acts. Rule granted, Lord DENMAN remarking that it was desirable that the question should be argued. BAIL COURT.—(THIS DAY.) Justice ERLE, after bearing two unimportant motions relating to points of practice, sat at nisi prius, and disposed of several undefended causes which in volved no feature of public interest. EXCHEQUER.-(THIS DAY.) (Sittings in Banco.) CASE OF WILLIAM COBBETT. Mr. William Cobbett, whose case has been so re peatedly before the Court, appeared under a writ of habeas corpus to complain of the manner of his treat ment in the Queen's Bench Prison. Atter hearing him at some It ngth, The CHIEF BARON—Most of the arguments urged by Mr. Cobbett have been repeatedly heard by the Court and disposed of. The facts are these:—Mr. Cobbett is detained under an attachment, and we have repeatedly told him that it does net belong to us to deal with that attachment, it having isued from the Court of Chan cery, which only has jurisdiction in the cage, and is clearly competent to deal with it, if there be any grounds for setting it aside. With respect to the ether complaint, that he is detained in the wrong prison, or in the wrong part of the prison, or that the governor has placed him in class No. 1, the question has bee❑ repeatedly settled and disposed of by the Court. The true construction of the Act does give the governor the right to place a prisoner in either class, and if he keeps him in snore strict custody than he is warranted, the redress is not by a habeas corpus, but by an action ; and the Court believes that Mr. Cobbett has already brought an action upon the subject of his complaint. Under these circumstances ho must return to the place where he has been detained in custody, and I must say that I don't see what advert. tage Mr. Cobbett has in coming regularly before one of the Courts every term, applying for and getting a writ in vucation, which he knew he would not obtain when the Court was sitting in term. He has done this several dines, and possibly he may do it once too often. It a prisoner make an affidavit, and swear that he is detained unlawfully in custody, I do not see how a Jteige at Chambers can. refuse to grant a habeas corpus. Pronably he is bound to grant one, but if Mr. Cobbett chooses every term to persevere in making these appli cations, and thus waste the public time, he may find at last that he does not do it without soma peril. He has heard stated repeatedly what the law is, and it may be at last that the Attorney-General may be called upon to save the public time, and support the dignity of the Court, which I do not think has been treated with re spect by these repeated applications ui,on the same grounds. Mr. COBBETT—I wish to make one observation, my Lord— The CHIEF BARON—Not one word, Mr. Cobbett— not ono word—we have heard with patience what you have had to say, and we cannot hear one word mote. Mr. Cobbett again asked to be allowed to speak? The CHIEF BARON (with some warmth)-11r. Cobbett, I desire you to be silent. The Court desires you to be silent. The applicant then left the Court in the company of the sheriff's officer. VENTILATION OF THE COURT, - The judges, bar risters, suitors, and others in the court were subject to the greatest annoyance and inconvenience this morning in consequence of some portion of the ventilating ma chinery getting out of order, by which repeated gusts of cold air were thrown down from the upper part of the court, making every one uneasy, and threatening the most formidable colds. Sir Fro• &rick Thesiger interrupted the business to apply on behalf of the bar for a little hot air instead of the cold air which had been blown upon them so liberally during the morning. Their Lordships gave instructions to that effect, and directed all the doors to be closed, but the entrance of cold air still continued, and their Lord ships were obliged to remain satisfied with the protection afforded by the curtains upon the bench, while many of the bar sought refuge in the other courts. COMMON PLEAS.-(THIS DAY.) (Sittings in Banco.) The judges who sat in this Court were the Lord Chief Justice, Mr. Justice Maule, Mr. Justice Cresswell, and Mr. Justice Williams. Only one case, not of sufficient importance to justify a report, came under hearing during the morning, and there being no other business betore their Lordships, the Court rose at halt-past eleven o'clock. Tile CHIEF JUSTICE intimated that if the Court were in the same predicament to-morrow the old new-trial cases would be proceeded with. SHERIFFS' COURT.-(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Under-Sheriff BURCHELL.) ATKINS V. MANTELL. This was an action to recover the sum of 3141., the balance of a❑ account for goods sold. The plaintiff is an upholsteier, and the defendant is the executor to a parson named Walker. The furniture was supplied between the years 1832 and 1838, but the plaintiff and Mr. Walker being on intimate terms, no settlement was pressed. Mr. Atkins, a sou of the plaintiff, was called, and proved the delivery of the goods, and that the balance claimed was now due. On the part of the defendant a number of receipts were put in. . . The plaintiff's COUNSEL contended that as there NVE , II no plea of payment, these receipts could not be received in evidence. The UNDER-SHERIFF said that. strictly speaking, they could not, but he should think that it would be netttr to admit them it they were found to be correct. The Learned COUNSEL said there was a difficulty in such a case, as it was impossible to say at once to which account the receipts applied, as there had been previous dealings between the parties to the amount of 1,0001. TheUNDER• SHERIFF said that he would reject the evidence, and take a note of the objection, if required to do so. The Learned COUNSEL questioned the witness, and he said that the receipts applied to a former account due to " Atkins and Giblet," although the receipts were given by plaintiff, as he was to receive the partnership debts. Ihe defendant's SOLICITOR then addressed the jury, and said that the defendant had been driven to rejecting the claim by the other creditors of the estate, which would only , pay a dividend of 6s. Bd. in the pound on their debts, and they were quite taken by surprise at a demand being made. He also said that the whole of the estate had been administered. The UNDER-SHE R I FF sa id, i n the absence of a plea, tnejury had nothing to do with the matter, and if they thought the receipts had been satisfactorily explained, they would give a verdict for the full amount. Verdict for plaintiff. BANKRUPTCY. -(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Commissioner GouLnuaN.) IN RE STOREY". This bankrupt had carried on business as a banker at St. Albans, and to-day was appointed for the choice of assignees. The business of the day was confined to taking profs, no account having yet been filed. CITY IMPROVEMENTS. — Yesterday the Commis sioners for the City of London Improvements obtained possession of the whole of the houses in Castle-court Cloak-lane, north side of Dowgate hill, B u d ge - ro ; ' Tower Royal, St. Thomas Apostle, and the n umerous courts and alleys intersecting, consisting of nearly 200 dwellings, for the formation of the new street from the end of Walbrook to the Middlesex side of Southwark bridge. They are all now vacated and will be pulled down forthr.ith. The commissioners have already com menced the widening of Cannon-street, the east side of which, extending from Turnvrheel-lane to Dowgate-hill, being already removed. TAKING THE VEIL.—The solemn and interesting ceremony of the reception of a young lady into the Ro man Catholic order of the Sisters of Mercy took place yesterday in the chapel of the Most Holy Trinity, Par ker's-row, Bermondsey. The postulant, a Miss Watkins, the daughter of wealthy parents, went through . the us ua l f orms o f a d m i ss i on i n t h e presence of many of the hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church and a very crowded assemblage of spectators. The solemnity of the service and the interest attached to the occasion seemed to create feelings of the deepest sympathy iu the breasts of all present. LITERATURE. WHAT I SAW IN CALIFORNIA. By E. Bryant, late Alcalde of St. Francisco. Seldom has a book appeared at a more opportune moment. Mr. Bryant's very interesting travels would have been welcome at any time, but appearing just now, when the El Dorado of California promises to realise the golden visions of Sir Walter Raleigh, their value is immeasurably enhanced. " What I saw in Calitornia" appears in Numbers VI. and VII. of Bentley's Standard Library, a monthly series, which has already presented us with the chefs d'auvres of the inimitable Sam Slick, with the marvellous legends of the Porcelain Tower, with Maxwell's very inte resting revelations concerning the Czar and his Court and people. The former numbers of the " Library" are, however, eclipsed by this last addition. " What I saw in California in 1846 and 184 T" gives a very interesting picture of that now celebrated region, enlivened by anecdotes and sketches of men and manners innumerable. To the account of what was seen in California in 1846 and 1847, is appended an account of what is to be seen there in 1849—and this part of the work will, we suspect, be found not the least attractive. The following passage details the manner in which the gold is obtained : ‘• The hill sides were thickly strewn with canvass tents and bush arbours; a store was erected, and several boarding shanties in operation. The day was intensely hot, yet about two hundred men were at work in the full glare of the sun, washing for gold—some with tin pans, some with close woven Indian baskets, but the greater part had a rude machine known as the cradle. This is on rockers, six or eight feet long, open at the foot, and at its head has a coarse grate or sieve; the bottom is rounded, with small cleets miled across. Four men are required to work this machine; one digs the ground in the bank close to the stream; another carries it to the cradle, and empties it on the grate; a third gives a vio lent rocking motion to the machine; whilst a fourth dashes on water from the stream itself. The sieve keeps the coarse stones from entering the cradle, the current of water washes off the earthy matter, and the gravel is gradually carried out at the foot of the machine, leaving the gold, mixed with a heavy fine black sand, above the first cleets. The sand and gold mixed together are then drawn off through augur holes into a pan below, are dried in the sun, and afterwards separated by blowing off the sand. A party of four men, thus employed at the lower mines, averaged 100 dollars a day. The Indians, and those who have nothing but pans or willow basketß, gradually wash out the earth and separate the gravel by hand, leaving nothing but the gold mixed with sand, which is separated in the manner before described. The gold in the lower mines is in fine bright scales, of which I send several specimens. " As we ascended the South branch of the American fork, the country became more broken and mountainous, and at the saw-mill, twenty-five miles above the lower washings, or fifty miles from ;Sutter's, the hills rise to about a thousand feet above the level of the Sacramento plain. here a species of pine occurs, which led to the discovery of the gold. Captain Sutter feeling the great want of lumber, contracted in September last, with a Mr. Marshall, to build a saw-mill at that place. It was erected in the course of the past winter and spring, a dam and race constructed; but when the water was let on the wheel, the tail-race was found to be too narrow to permit the water to escape with sufficient rapidity. Mr. Marshall, to save labour, let the water directly into the race with a strong current, so as to wash it wider and deeper. He effected his purpose, and a large bed of mud and gravel was carried to the foot of the race. One day Mr. Marshall, as he was walking down the race to this deposit of mud, observed some glittering particles at its upper edge; he gathered a few, examined them, and became satisfied of their value. He then went to the fort, told Captain Sutter of his discovery, and they agreed to keep it secret until a certain grist-mill of Sutter's was finished. It, however, got out and spread like magic. Remarkable success attended the labours of the first explorers, and in a few weeks hundreds of men were drawn thither. At the time of my visit, hut little more than three months after its discovery, it was esti mated that upwards of four thousand people were em ployed." Even without the all-attractive appendix, " What I saw in California," written as it is in a most animated style, and abounding as it does with information, constitutes one of the most agreeable books of travels that have recently appeared. TREVETHLAN; a Cornish Story. By W. Davy Watson, Barrister-at-Law. - 3 Vole. If " Trevethlan" be Mr. Davy Watson's first literary attempt, it augurs well for his future career. This " Cornish Story," notwithstanding its modest appellation, is more interesting and more worthy of perusal than the majority of the more pre. tentious fictions which are almost daily issuing from the press. " Trevethlan's" great charm is the straightforward honesty of purpose and dig nified simplicity by which it is characterised. There is no striving after effect apparent either in the style or the arrangement of the incidents. The story is founded upon a favourite theme of novelists. Be tween the elders of the families of Trevethlan and Pendarrel a deathful animosity had long subsisted, which animosity is far from being shared in by the younger branches. Lady Eleanor Pendarrel is another Lady Ashton, but with this essential difference—a woman's heart throbs in her bosom notwithstanding her ambition, her imperious tyranny, and her other unwomanly cha racteristics. The denouement of the love story of Trevethlan and the gentle daughter of the imperious Lady Eleanor is not calculated to please the tastes of the sentimental. The author of this " Cornish Story " seems to consider the romantic attractions of a trip to Gretna Green quite insufficient to counterbalance the sin and sorrow of filial dis obedience. For his forcible enunciation of this un palatable truth, if he meet with little sympathy from these for whose benefit it is intended, he will at least be rewarded by the approbation of all whose approbation is worth having. This brief allusion to its closing scenes does but little justice to the interesting nature of the tale. The real heroine is Lady Eleanor, and most admirably is her character, with its good and evil peculiarities, deli neated. Some of the minor personages, more espe cially a country minister and a quiet middle-aged brother and sister, living in happy retirement in the suburbs of London, with whom Trevethlan becomes acquainted in his wanderings, are most attractive characters, naturally and beautifully portrayed. We understand that the Rev. William Corbett Le Breton, curate of Si, Olave, Southwark, intends offering himself as a candidate for the Golden Lectureship, when it is declared vacant by the Court of the Haberdashers' Company, in whose gift the appointment is vested. We heartily wish the Rev. Gentleman succes3, as we are in formed that he is only curate of St. Olave, the living being under sequestration, that, in the absence of the rector, he is only in receipt of one quarter of the annual income, although doing the entire duty of the living. PRICE OF BREAD IN EDINBURGH.—The price of the 41b. loaf was yesterday reduced a halfpenny. It is now sold at sixpence halfpenny, ready money, or if paid within a month ; and sevenpence credit. Flour, 2s: 4d per stone. MARRIED.—Dec. 25, at Blairgourie, Scotland, a jovial basket-maker, to a fair maid from Glasgow. The happy bridegroom is nearly fifty years of age, has a wooden leg, and is the recipient of 2s. 6d. weekly from a neighbouring parish. The youthful bride is abi)ut twenty-two years of age. FLUCTUATIONS OP THE FRENCH FUNDS.—La PfdBSe says :—" In the year of Grace 1805, before the battle of Austerlitz, the public funds stood at 61 francs; on he arrival of the news of that great victory they fell to 59 francs, 80 centimes. A glorious peace raised them to 60 francs 60 centimes. Before the birth of the King of Rome (in 1811) the price was 81 francs 50 centimes. The day following that event the price fell to 78 frapcs 75 centimes. In 1814, before the fall of the Emperor Napoleon, the funds stood at 45 francs 25 centimes. After the entrance of the allied armies into Paris they rose to 49 francs 50 centimes. A Provisional Govern ment was appointed, and they rose to 52 francs, `the deposition of the Emperor was decreed, and they rose to 55 francs 75 centimes. His abdication raised them to' 63 francs 50 centimes. In 1815, before the landing of the ex-Emperor at Cannes, they stood at 84 francs 61 cen times. On the news of his arrival in France they fell to 77 francs 60 centimes. After his re-entry into' Paris they stood at 73 francs. He set out for the army, en couraged by a fall to 54 francs 75 centimes. He gained the battle of Ligny, and they declined to 53 francs 50 centimes. Yet, after the disaster of Waterloo, they rose to 59 francs 75 centimes. On the second abdication' of the Emperor, and the re-entrance of the allied armies, the funds rose to 61 francs. So that, in point of fact, the price of stocks was lower by 1 franc 20 centimes, after the battle of Austerlitz, than after the re-entrance of the allied armies into Paris!" WHITTINGTON CLUB.—A festival was given at this institution last night, in commemoration of its first anniversery, at which about 1,500 visitors were present. We need hardly observe that the Whittington Club is established at the old Crown and Anchor Ta vern, the rooms of which are devoted to the ordinary objects of a literary institution, combined with the prac tical advantages of a household, whereat the cost of living is confined within the must economical limits. The building is most admirably adapted for these pur poses; and there was excellent accommodation for the festival of last night. The entertainments were of a varied character. A prefatory speech was delivered by Mr. Sheen, the president, in the long room, wbich was prettily decorated with evergreens; and then came songs, duets, and pianoforte fan tasias by a few expert amateurs. An adaptation of the farce Box and Cox followed, wherein a brisk little gen tleman in spectacles gave a capital imitation of Buck stone and other actors of obscurer individuality ; and by-and- bye there were optical illusions and divers tricks of legerdemain. The programme concluded with a ball and supper, " roast beef and plum-pudding," so pro mised the bill, " forming prominent features of the latter." The scheme thus provided by the committee seemed to be highly relished by the company, and the utmost cheerfulness prevailed during the time we were present. The reunion was politely conducted, and the social intercourse which it was the object of its pro moters to encourage fully secured. Other meetings of a like friendly nature have already taken place, the ten dency of which, no doubt, has been to multiply the sub scriptions and strengthen the existence of the club. Letters from Hamburgh report a firm market for stock and railway shares. At Amsterdam public secu rities were generally better. ST. CLEMENT DANES BURIAL GROUND. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—The paragraph which appeared in your journal of the 6th instant, on St. Clement Danes Burial-ground, is calculated, more especially at the present time, to mislead those whom it most concerns —viz., the public. The left-handed compliment which would make me discriminate between the odour arising froth boiling fat, the " open grating commu nicating with the sewer," and that arising from decom.- pwing dead bodies, I decline accepting. It is quite true that I have during many years endeavoured to convince my countrymen that the living cannot with impunity inhale the odours arising from the grave yard. The conclusions which I have long since arrived at are the result of some labour, close obser vation, and personal risk. " Dead men tell no tales ;" yet, though our legislators seem to think that the cesspool and the sewer should be the chief objects of their solicitude, they will find that the dead man's question, which should have been first in the category, will force a recognition, and deniand a remedy. The forthcoming retribution would fall less heavily had the facts on recurd been duly appreciated. I could, Sir, say much, and to the purpose perhaps, in reference to the condition of Clement's-lane, its grave-yard and other abominations, but, for the pre sent, I forbear. I may, however, restate a portion of my evidence before a Committee of the House of Commons in 1840—viz., that in this lane, in which the living breathe, on all sides, an atmosphere im pregnated with the odour of the dead, there had been 41 deaths in 18 months ; whilst in 1848 the propor tion of deaths on the north-eastern, the grave-yard side of the lane, are at the rate of one in each house— that is, there are 37 houses on that side, and 37 dead bodies are taken out of those 37 houses during the year. And, be it remembered, these deaths are ex clusive of those who are smitten there, but die, or re cover, as the case may be,in the hospitals or elsewhere. It is said, that the smell of which I complained before the Committee on interment in towns, in 1842, arose, undoubtedly (?), from an open grating communicating with a sewer in a yard in the above lane. Perhaps by the removal of pig -styes and boiling houses, one's olfactories may have a less appreciatory task imposed upon them. But though the nose is not merely an ornamental appendage to the face, but the registrar of odours ; and though th• " sentinel" may be constantly on guard, he cannot persist in the recognition of even the most disgusting effluvia beyond a certain period of time ; yet, what does this prove ? Why, that by the sense of smell we recognise the presence or ab sence, of an odorous compound, and that is all. Let not people, therefore, deceive themselves, or deceive others. Life has, in myriads of instances, been de stroyed without any smell being perceptible. If it were not so, how comes it that the fathers and mothers of the generations that are past never smelt the mi asma that impaired the health, or destroyed the lives of their offspring, by the various diseases to which childhood is more especially liable—as measles, scarlet fever, &c.? Or why was it that about this time last year, when the mortality in London alone exceeded by thousands the ordinary two weeks' average—why was it, I say, that no one smelt anything peculiar; whilst this year, when cholera (an exaggerated form of typhus) is the destroying angel, have the victims seen, or have they recognised by the nose the peculiar principles that have poisoned their blood and knaved them out of their lives ? I, Sir, am anxious not to participate in, or sanction, any such notions, and this is the chief cause of my troubling you with this corn munication.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, GEO. A. WALKER: St. James's-place, St.James's, Jan. 8. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sra,—l beg most respectfully to direct the atten tion of your nautical readers to another invention by Mr. Bush, who is well known in the scientific world, as having erected the light of all nations "on the Goodwin Sands. The invention to which I allude is " Bush's Patent Compass?' I have had much experience in nautical matters, as commander of the iron screw-vessel Ranger, and have always found the local attraction of the ship on the compass. cause it to veer two to three points, ac cording to the list of the vessel; but having, wit nessed experiments made on Mr. Bush's compass for concentrating the local magnetic attraction of iron vessels, so that the needles of the compass should not be subject to that deviation which has proved so fatal to our ships of war, and to the lives of our brave tars, and having had several opportunities of testing the accurate performance of this invention, under almost every variety of circumstances, I have great satisfaction in being able to state that nothing could have answered better; for it was always correct— the iron having no effect on it; and I much prefer it to the compass adjusted according to Professor Bar low's method. Permit me to add, that I hope ere long to see Bush's compass adopted by every ship sailing on the high seas.—l am, Sir, your most obedient, ALXANDER GALLOWAY, R.N. Greenwich, Jan. 3, 1849. IRELAND. THE ANTI-POOR-LAW MOVEMENT. DUBLIN, WEDNESDAY.—The following requisition, bearing the signatures of a number of landlords and landholders of the county, has been addressed to the Sheriff of Westmeath, Mr. Middleton Berry, a gen tleman who has taken a prominent part among the opponents—and they are legion—of the Poor Law in its present shape : We, the undersigned landholders and inhabitants of the county of Westmeath, strongly impressed with the conviction that this country has been brought to the verge of destr uc ti on b y t h e opera ti o n of th e p resen t system of Poor-la ws , an d t h at general injury has been effected to the tr a d e , manufactures , an d agr i cu l tura l interests of Ireland by mistaken legislation, request that you will call a meeting of the county of Westmeath, on an early day, in order to petition Parliament for an im mediate alteration of the Poor•law, and the restoration of our trading and commercial interests on the footing contemplated by the Act of Union." _ __ _ . _ The Sherif f -has appointed Monday, the 22d instant, for the day of meeting. The whole country is now fairly up in arm!: against the Poor-law. It is the all engrossing and never-ending theme of newspaper criticism ; but, unfortunately, you look in vain for two writers among the legion, whose opinions coincide as to the remedy to be applied to mitigate the evil. There is a most admired unanimity in condemnation of the system ; but there the union ends. All the rest is bitter and fruitless controversy. THE WEATHER.--There has been a very sudden change in the weather, which up to Monday night was remarkably fine for the season. Yesterday was intensely cold, with incessant rain; last night it blew a perfect hurricane, the rain still falling, and up to the dispatch of this letter the storm continues to rage with such violence as t o preclude the possibility of the Holyhead b o at ma ki ng t h e passage in time to catch the two o'clock t ra i n to London. SALE OP THE STOWS LIBRARY.--There was little in the catalogue of y esterday calling for particular no tice. The chief feature in the day's sale was a remark ably choice copy of John Boydell's collection of prints, engraved after the most capital paintings in England, with French and English descriptions. This collection, which includes 450 very fine large plates, many of them proofs before letters, was selected for Mary Boydell. The disposal of this lot excited an active competition, but it was ultimately secured for the Beaufoy Library for seventy-five guineas. A copy of Bloomfield's His tory of the County of Norfolk, in five volumes, very scarce, sold for 13/. Bocattin's Falles of Princes and Princesses, with other Nobles trough ye mutabilitie and change of unsteadfast Fortune, with their most detest able and wicked Vices, translated by Jo. Lidgate, Monk of Burye, a rare tract, in black letter (1554), realised 5/. Brant's Stultifera Nevis, the Ship of Fool's, wherein is sh owed the Folly of all States, Latin and English, translated by Barclay, another curious black-letter tract, sold for 101. 15s , to Mr. Andrews, of Bristol. Brea denbach's Opus Transmarine Perigricationis ad Vene randum et Gloriosem Sepulcrum Dominicum in Jerusa lem, gothic letter, first edition, a rare book, and un common object of curiosity and interest, being one of the first books of travels ever printed, realised 11/. Britton's History and Description of Ancient Stone Crosses, sold for 61. 2s. 6 . ; and Brockedon's Illustra tions of the Passes o f the Alps, with upwar d s o f 100 plates, for 41. 165.; the latter purchase being made by Mr. Bain, of the Haymarket. The day's sale realised 360/ Es. 6d. The Christmas pantomime draws good houses at the Dublin Theatre Royal. The Queen's Theatre, Dublin, is nightly thronged to suffocation to witness the new piece dramatised from Mr. Dickens's Christmas story of the Haunted Man. GEOLOGY.—Last evening Mr. J. Ashbury Smith delivered the first of a series of Wednesday evening lec tures on Geology and the " Vestiges of Creation," at the National Hall, Holborn. The lecturer was listened to with great attention, and was several times applauded in the course of his able delivery. The hall was well attended. DERWENTWATER. — Derwent Lake was completely frozen over last week, and many hundreds daily amused themselves with skating upon its glassy surface.—Cum berland Pacquet. OFFICE OF HARBOUR MASTRR- - Captain Fisher, R.N., principal harbour master of the port of London, has resigned his appointment, after thirty years' ser vice. It is an important office, and no doubt the Lord Mayor, in whom the appointment of a succes sor is vested, will take care that none but an officer of acknowledged character and qualification shall suc ceed to it. _ _ - - SINGULAR DEATM—On Thursday a woman named Whitby, living in Douro-street, died under singular circumstances. The husband of the deceased had an abscess in the side, and about ten days ago, while she was dressing it, she pricked or cut her thumb. Some o the matter from the abscess got into the wound and pro duced inflammation, which gradually increased, and the result proved fatal — Liverpool Courier. The Lord Bishop of Manchester left Sedgeley on Monday night for London, to attend some meetings re specting ecclesiastical matters. His Lordship is expected to return on Friday.—Manchester Courier. .1J , RgD A Y ETE N N,Gr; --0.1 AN IT AfR Y 11849:: V r .; tr I V 2 111 3 TATTERSALL'S-THIS EVENING, Six o'CLocK, , CHESTER. CUP. .50 to 1 agst Fogleman 50 to I agst Geraldine . 1,000 to 1 agSt Ithpostor METROPOLITAN STAKES. 30 to 1 agst Lugar 50 to 1 agst Eryx /.,' ! LIVERPOOL .STEEPLECHASE. 20 to I agst Iron Duke DERBY. to 1 agst Scott's lot 30 to 1 agst Strongbow 33 to 1 agst Nunnykirk 40 to 1 agst Chatterer FRANCE. The Committee of Justice was occupied on Tues • day with the examination of a proposition of M. Jouin, relative to the law of banishment affecting the two branches of the house of Bourbon. The Minister of the Interior, who was invited to attend the Com mittee, stated that, in his opinion, the moment was not yet arrived for abrogating the existing law. The Committee resolved to reject the proposition. The Attorney-General of the Republic is actively engaged in prosecuting the most violent of the Club orators. M. Barnabe Chauvelet, President of the Club of the Reine Blanche, was convicted, by default, on Tuesday last of having insulted the Commissary of Police appointed to watch the proceeding of the club. He was sentenced to imprisonment for one month, and to pay a fine of I,ooof. M. Barnabe Chauvelet has fled from justice. M. Bernard, one of the most notorious of the Socialist orators, was likewise convicted on the same day for having, in a speech delivered in the Club of the Rue de Chabrol, made a libellous attack on Gen. Lamoriciere. He was sentenced to imprisonment for one month and to pay a fine of 1001. The trials by court-martial of the insurgents of June have recommenced in Paris. Two shoemakers, notorious for the violence of their political opinions, have been acquitted, the evidence having been insuffi cient to convict them of the fact of their having taken up arms during the insurrection. PRUSSIA. Advices have been received from Berlin of the Bth. The meetings of the electors were being held in the several districts, some of them under the supervi- sion of a police agent. Neither in the city nor in the provinces were the opposition candidates gaining ground. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, JAN. s.—lntelligence has just been re ceived by the General in command, that the Imperial army under Prince Windischgratz, the out-posts of which arrived yesterday at Szolinas and St. Ivany, entered Pesth on the morning of the 3d without striking a blow.. We are expecting the army bulletin every moment. A slight skirmish, it is stated, took place at Dotis, which lies between Raab and Ofen. Prince Win dischgratz was received with enthusiasm. On the sth instant General Welden published a bulletin, containing news of the movement of the Im perial army in Hungary. The head-quarters of Prince Windisehgratz were, on the 3d. inst., at Bieske, and on the 4th at Bia, about twelve miles from Ofen. On the 3d instant the Hungarian Parliament sent a deputation to_the Prince's head-quarters at Bieske. The Prince refused receiving them, and gave orders they should be inade to understand nothing short of unconditional surrender would stop the effusion of blood on either side. After the battle of Moor, Baron Jellachich has brought his corps forward to Lovas Bereney. Ofen is consequently surrounded by the Austrian outposts on the right bank of the Danube. Baron Jellachich's movement to Lovas Bereney was made with the in tention of intercepting the retreat to Ofen of the Hungarian General Perczel, who, after the battle of Moor, had fallen back upon Stuhlweissenburg, where he looked for the Hungarian Colonel Sekulich's party to join him. The Generals Nugent and Dablen marched on the 4th by Szalba-Egerzegg, in the direction of Manisa, garrisons having been left in Lendra to keep open the communication with Warasdin, and at Kormond to protect the route to Styria. The Comitats of Oedenburg and Eisenburg are being swept by the Colonnes Mobiles of Lieutenant-Colonel Count Althaun. General Count Schlick has drawn his corps upon Miskolz, with a view to back the Prince's ope rations against Ofen and Pesth. Some brigades were consequently advanced from Kaschau to Hidas-Nemethy, and from thence to Forro, where they fell in with part of the Hunga rian army, viz., with the Polish Legion and a few hundred Hussars, who did not, however, accept battle, but retired upon the advance of the Austrian troops. On the 28th of December last General Count Schlick, who had, meanwhile, found out that con siderable force was opposed to him, continued his advance upon Mikolz by evading the Hungarian positions at Szikszo on his onward march, and then threatening their left flank and their rear, while another part of the Austrian army attacked them in front. In consequence of this manoeuvre half a company of the Hungarian Regiment Honved was surrounded and captured by the Austrian Light Horse. The insurgents developed mean while a great strength on the heights of Szikszo. They were attacked by the Austrian cavalry and a battery of six-pounders, and after some smart firing they retired from the fight. The bulletin asserts that nothing but the setting in of night saved the Hun garians from being completely defeated. The Impe rialists had five men killed, and captured 85 men. POLAND. KALISCIT, DEC. 29.—Travellers who quitted War saw on the 24th state that on that day several cannons were placed before the theatre, and that all the troops were preparing to resist an expected insurrection.— Posen Gazette. FROM TIIE BANKS OF THE VISTULA, DEC. 28. — In the Governments of Wiatka Masan, Simbirsk, and Pensa, bands of armed peasants from 5,000 to 6,000 in number, are going about pillaging, burning, assassinating, and have even set fire to several houses in Masan, a town containing 60,000 souls. If this in telligence is confirmed we may regard it as symp toms of an insurrection in the kingdom of Kasan, if not in a yet more extensive circle.—Frankfort Ga zette des Pontes. The Wiener Zeitung of the sth does not contain the official army bulletin; the rumour of the sur render of Pesth is, therefore, most probably without foundation. SHORT ROUTE TO THE PACIFIC. A project long contemplated as a vast improvement in commercial geography is at length on the point of being realised. An American company is to run steamers from New York to the Isthmus of Darien, whence goods and passengers will be conveyed across to Panama ; from Panama a second line of steamers is to ply to Oregon and the new El Dorado of Cali fornia ; and a third from Panama along the coast of South America to Guayaquil, Callao, and as far as Valparaiso. A branch line is also proposed from California to the Sandwich Isles and China. The enterprise will, it is said, commence in the present month. The road from Chagres to Panama across the Isthmus is to be re paired and improved by the Government of New Grenada, from funds supplied by the American Com pany; and, in order to encourage trade, this Go vernment has exempted vessels frequenting the ports of the Isthmus from tonnage dues, and has reduced the duty on imports to one per cent. on assorted car goes. This establishment of a regular communica tion across the Isthmus of Panama, will do for the New World what a similar communication across the Isthmus of Suez has done for the old ; it will consti tute an era in the history of commerce, and by bringing the ends of the earth into juxtaposition, will have a powerful influence on the progress of The voyage from New York to San Francisco in California, round Cape Horn, is 17,000 English miles, and occupies a sailing vessel about five months. The two voyages from New York to Chagres, and from Panama to San Francisco, have an aggregate length of 6,400 miles, and will be performed by steamers in about 30 days, or in 36 days, allowing time for the journey across the isthmus (about 60 miles, over land about 300 feet in height), and for un shipping and reshipping. The new line of communi cation will be of great advantage to the trade of our own country. It will reduce the length of the journey from Britain to Lima and Guayaquil one half, and the time two-thirds. And it will benefit the world by accelerating the settlement and growth of a great - civilized population on the western shores of North America. New California, lying betwixt the parallels of 32 and 42, with a fertile soil, and with the Pacific on its western side to temper the extremes of heat and cold, ought to be one of the most desirable countries in the world. 1111111•11 It is said that Mr. Pierce Butler, despairing of sucvess in his suit against bis wife, has made a proposi tion for a compromise. The t e rms are understood to be, that the parties are to live apart; Mr. Butler provide his wife a suitable allowance, and allow at least one of the children to live with her.—Boston Evening Transcript. Business appears to be on the increase in the French s eapor ts. On Friday last business to the amount of 2,000,000 t. was done at Havre, principally in cotton and sugar.—Galignani. J • , I . r t TRURO ELECTION.. The nomination of , a successor to the late Edmund Turnef, Esq., as ayrepresentativez of Truro in Parlia ment, took place on Tuesday, at the Market House, in that town. At ten o'clock,' Humphrey Willyams, ,F4q.,.wittt.his friends, Appeared at the northern en• trance, and Montague Edward. Smith, Esq., at the southern,. accompanied by. their several friends, with banners, flags, and bands of music.• • 3:he .1.1.4y0u requested the usual forms to be gone through, and subsequently addressing the electors, said that in' consequence of the death of their late Member, and from a precept received from the sheriff, which had, been read, the electors were required to elect a fit and proper person to represent their borough in the Commons House of Parliament. He trusted they would, and required them to conduct the election with good temper, order, and in strict conformity with the law. G. SIMMONS, Esq., said he had the honour to pro. pose to them Humphrey Willyams, Esq., as a fit and proper person to represent the borough in Parliament. He was a townsman, and had spent his whole life with the electors—their local interests affected him in common; he was a magistrate, a banker, and a miner, arid, in short, combined in himself all those qualifica tions which should be possessed by their representa tive. The Hon. Gentleman who was to be named in opposition was a gentleman, a rising man in his pro fession, and was clever; but these did not make of themselves a fit representative ; further, he was a stranger to them.—(Cheers.) .Mr. E. MITCHELL seconded the nomination. Dr. CARLYON rose from a sense of duty to propose an opponent to hi s f r i en d M r . Willyams, in the per son of Mr. M. E. Smith. The candidate he supported could scarcely be called a stranger—he was a brother of a worthy fellow-townsman, and was one of the ornaments of the Western Circuit, and chiefly he was a warm and able advocate of Conservative principle:, and well fitted to represent the borough in Parliament. Mr. BURROWS seconded the nomination. HUMPHREY WILLIAMS, Esq., addressed the elec. tors. lie said—lt has often been my lot on similar occasions to the present to appear before you to solicit your suffrages on behalf of other candidates ; but on the present occasion I appear in my own proper per ton soliciting 3. our interest on my own behalf. It is much easier to advocate the cause of others than one's own, and though I ,feel great embarrassment, yet I have this consolation, I am not a stranger to one of you; I have always lived among you, and hope to die in your locality. My manner of life and pro fessions are my good advocates, and my principles of attachment to the constitution, and yet liberal tendencies, have been for thirty years unchanged. The honourable candidate, in con tinuation, regretted to allude to the influence exercised at this electionoby- clergymen of the Church of England, who came in from their curacies and told the silly tale that it would be dangerous to trust him (Mr. Willyams) with power. By doing so, they said the Church would be in danger. Why, the Church was in danger from her worst enemies—her own ministers, who upheld Popish rites, and ceremo nies, and dogmas, which were alike destructive in their tendency to the Crown and the Church. By one voter he had been told that he could not be sup ported because he was a bad employer. He replied that he did get a coat from London ; the voter said, " Then you are no friend to your country." He would say to the constituency that if they got a representative from London, instead of from them selves, they were no friends to their town. M. E. SMITH, Esq., said his title to their support depended on his professions of adherence to constitu tional principles. The business of the day W 123 not a personal question, but one of constitutional principle. He was opposed to free trade. Proper economy and retrenchment he fully approved of—not the cutting up wholesale, but the exercising a proper and rigid economy in administration. He was a sincere ad vocate of the question of education, and for the adoption of measures to promote the better recreation of the working classes. Now, whilst we were en joying the blessings of peace, was the time to con sider such questions. On a show of hands being taken, The MAYOR declared the majority to be for Mr. Humphrey W'illyams. A poll was demanded for Mr. Smith. A very sharp contest is expected. " TRURO, EDNESDAY.—The polling commenced this morning at eight o'clock. The numbers stood thus :—At nine o'clock, for Willyams, 86 ; for Smith, 103. At ten o'clock, for Willyams, 158 ; for Smith, 173." INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. JAN. 9.—Joshua Field, Esq., President, in the chair. The first meeting of the session is generally devoted to routine business, prefatory to the annual general meeting, which immediately succeeds it, and will be held on Tuesday, Jaaaary 16, when the ballot for the election of the president and council will take place. The paper read was " A Description of the improved Forms of Water-Wheels," by Mr. William Fairbairn,2:M. Inst. C.E. After noticing the opportunity for improvement afforded by the substitution of cast and wrought iron for timber in the construction of hydraulic machines, the author pointed out the disadvantages and loss of po‘Ner attending the principle and the form of the old water - wheels. He quoted Dr Robinson's " Mechanical Philosophy," for the numerous dis advantages of the old form of bucket, and the difficul ties arising from the attempts of the old millwrights to design a shape which should retain the water for a greater length of time in it, and thus give out more power. The chief difficulty was the opposition of the air to the entrance of , the water; and numerous contrivances, such as boring holes in the starts, making the spout much narrower than the face of the bucket, &c., were tried ; but still the difficulties existed, and induced Mr. Fairbairn to adopt the construction de scribed in the paper, and which he termed " The ventilating water-wheel." The general object of these modifications was to prevent the condensation of the air, and to permit its escape during the filling of the bucket with water, as also its re admission during the discharge of the water into the lower mill-race. The paper then de scribed minutely the principles and the construction of the large wheels erected for the Catrine and Deanston Works; for Mr. Brown, of Linwood, near Paisley; for Mr. Duckworth, of Ilandforth ; for Mr. Ainsworth, of Cleator ; and for others ; and showed, that, in all cases, the system had proved eminently, successful. These wheels were all on the suspension principle, with wrought-iron arms, radiating from cast-iron centres to the periphery, and so placed that the whole structure was in tension, the motion being communicated from internal toothed wheels, fixed to the shrouding. The various modifications of the forms best adapted for different heights of fall were described ; but it will suffice to give that for breast-wheels for high falls, as it appeared the most complete. These wheels were described to possess many advantages beyond the overshot, the undershot, or the common breast-wheels, and were best adapted for falls not exceeding 18 or 20 feet, and where at times there was a considerable depth of back water ; and such was the improvement caused by this system, that the wheel at Mr. Ainsworth's mill was frequently plunged from five to six feet in the back water, without its uniforM speed being impeded. The wheel had a close sole, the tail ends of the buckets were turned up at a distance of two inches from the back of the sole plate, and running parallel with it, termi nated within about two inches of the bend of the bucket, immediately above it. The water in entering the bucket drove the air out by the aperture into the space behind, and thence into the bucket above, and so in succession. .The converse occurred' when the buckets were emptied, as the air was enabled to flow in as fast as the wheel arrived at such a position as to permit the water to escape. It appeared to be allowed that this system had been very generally Successful, and that the results obtained had ap proached, very recently, to the stated duty of the Turbine, whose powers had, however, been much exaggerated, and had been allowed, recently, by M. Fourneyron, not to have obtained more than about seventy-two per cent. as a mean duty. The business of the next meeting, of Tuesday, January 16, was announced to be the re ception of the annual report, and the e l e cti o n of the preside nt and council for the ensuing year. PARISH OF ST. JAMES, -------I,I'ESTMINSTER. meeting o f the pa held, in Yesterday a numerous vestry rishioners of St. James, the Vestry-room, in Piccadilly,e Westu l i ,"f sni o t r eere 'th " e 'as purpose of the proposed enormous taking into considera t t l i l o e n mag istrates of the county outlay upon prisons by must be greatly and p erms _ expenditure the present it o f M i dd e l e x s o e r x b , i t b n y n ter nently increased. one of said that the subject before wardens), having M. GEE ot the greatest importance, not whichaotfe rates the church h e parishioners, but to the whole of the rate only to r . p yers in the county , as he thought the time had thebe e n vestry called was : ( h o e o n . n c ina.;ived when it became them to consider the pro priety of endeavouring to obtain a control over the a dministration of the county expenditure.—(llear.) An enormous outlay was about to take place by direc tion of the county magistrates, and this at a time when, from the depression of trade, they all found a difficulty in paying the rates. - There was already a debt amounting to 318,0001., while the annual re venue of the county amounted to 72,000/. They ought to have gentlemen on the bench of magistrates responsible to the rate-payers of the county, and not, as was now the:practice, selected by the Lord-Lieu tenant of the county.—(Year, bear.) Mr. BROWN moved the following resolution : `` That a committee be appointed bo draw up resolu tions protesting thlip[9puedigt . itlekby the Middlesex ma'?ilitrgfel;:fiie, t,be enlargement or re building the douse de -- ",orrection, whereky the county rate of the 'peri4i''must etsnd per manently increased; that tile vesityL'tlWeittifimit a copy of the same to the. clerk of tip eofra*.lilegis trates ; and that .a copy be also tranietbitteli to the vestry-clerks of the various . parisliq ip:Wegigister." It' was their duty (he 'O-bier:ye) i. r Rnstrate against this attempt' to' in . q44,se!7` Wthens. Should they, fail in ;their * 3 freAtioik . ff ' agis trates in quarter-sessions, ta1,tey'......•-'t,,cs n` l lse #cluld be to send a memorial to the oeffetary 9 T; t i lts,,aild if no he did not satisfaatqv !RIOT ?. .4 .7_ 464 illtbkouse of doubt that their;tOme would 'be heard Commons. • • Mr. A'BECKETTi seconded the Tesoltkto .. 9. ;4 , Mr. EWEN stated that the county', .r i ttyx.,,were originally raised for the repair of bridles, .artd the highways. in the.year 1700,yfhen the'grstiate was made, the sum w•as 1,600/.; Krill it wes .2,0001.; in 1740 it was 2,4001.; in 17SOlt was . 4,000/ . ..; from 1782 to 1800 there was no return ; 1n;71829 it was 36,000/. ; in 1830, 83,0001 ; and in 1835 it was 66,0001. Such was the effect of allowing gentlemen to be placed in an irresponsible position. Mr. JACKSON and Mr. M. MILAY supported the resolution, which was unanimously agreed to, when the following memorial was adopted : " To the Worshipful her Majesty's Justices of the Peace for the county or Middlesex, at tbeir Quarter Sessions of the Peace assembled— " Showeth—That the enormous amount and continued increase of the debt and annual expenditure of the said county has long been a matter of actions mistrust and alarm to the rate-payers. " That this vestry have learnt, -if, not with surprise, at least with feelings of deep regret, that a proposition has been recently entemfined by the Middlesex ,magis trates for an extensive enlargement of the House of Correction, wh, reby a -large outlay must be occa sioned, and a heavy perm.,nent addition made to the county rates, and at "a time, perhaps, of unparal leled distress, at the Close of a year during which the c' mmerce of the country has become gene rally depressed, and the rate-payers of this metropolis in particular are yet suffering from an almost total stagna tion of trade; when, also, her Majesty's Government, sensible of the necessity of reducing the taxation, are carrying retrenchment into every department of the public service; this vestry, therefore, cannot but deplore that, at such a period, :thy proposal of an extensive in crease, and of questionable utility, should have met with a moment's attention from the county magistrates. That thi. vestry entertain a strong conviction, that, with judicious management, and the introduction of a better state of discipline, and with less inclination to encourage that propensity among criminals for seeking an asylum within the walls of a prison by endeavouring to render their situation preferable in comfort to a workhouse, the existing prisons of the county would be amply sufficient. _ _ ‘:ihis vestry, therefore, in behalf of 40,000 persons directly and indirectly affected by the acts of the magis trates of the county, most respectfully protest against the contemplated expenditure, and express their earnest hope that the absolute power which the court possesses of taxing others will be exercised in the present instance, so as to evince the magistrates' sense of the additional moral responsibility which the absence of all legal re straint must attach to their proceedings." The meeting then separated. PEDESTRIANISM. Beddington Corner, Surrey, was on Tuesday the scene of a trio of pedestrian performances, in the first couple of which a love of order and fair play predominated, which we should have felt more gratified to have seen main tained to the conclusion of the sports. The first race was started a little after three o'clock, being that of J. PERKINS AND H. BULL, FOR 101. A S lDE.—These . _ lads, both of the Surrey shore of the Thames, had articled to run four miles for the above sum, and the betting ranged from 5 to 4 to 6 to 4 on Bull, who was some inches the lesser man. Thjs preference was, we believe, based not only on his public running, bat his private trial., wherein he was confidently stated to have proved a clipper. The road, on the present occasion, certainly gave little opportunity for any man to display " flying' qualities, unless he could actually, as well as figuratively, leave the earth ; for a stickier and' more rotten piece of the surface of our planet, so far .as it is intersected by turnpike roads, has seldom been paced over in a running match. In dry or frosty weather the Surrey roads are assuredly good, but in most seasons of our moist climate, the Middlesex bank of the Thames bears the palm in soundness and bottom of the Qtieen's highway. Well, then, at the hour above named off 'they went, running a measured mile from mine host Att ridge's, the Queen's Head, towards Mitcham, and re turning to the scratch, where they finished at the second return. The race began. by Bull taking a slight - lead, which he gradually iuq,roved up to three-quarters . of a mile, when he was 20 yards in front ; at the mile he turned about the same distance in advance. At two mils he was 40 yards, at three miles 100 yards, and shortly after the third mile, all hope of Perkins catching him being over, the latter slackened his speed, and Bull ran in 130 to 200 yards a winner. The losing man, though outpaced, certainly struggled very gamely. NOWLAN AND GWEN.—Thi. was a wager, the novelty of which occasioned some speculations as well as merri ment. Wm. Nowlan, of the Borough, was matched against Owen, a smart youth of Kensington, to run SO yards, carrying 2 cwt., while Owes should run 100 yards, the men to start together. To the surprise of the uninitiated, who expected some such experiment as the shoulder strap and loaded belt, the weight-carrying competitor, a miniature copy of the Farnese Hercules, showed at the scratch (midway of the hundred yards) with a porter's knot, whereon, a few seconds previous to the signal, he cart fully poised a duly weighed sack of " murphies," ti.e pounds avoirdupoise of which we will answer for, though we must decline going bail for their quality. Well, away went the pair, Misther Nowlan digging his heels furiously into the yielding road,' and working away his short balustrade sort of legs "like winking," as a bystander expressed it. Young Owen, however, was after him, anti' that at a skimming-pace, at twenty yards from home he bad got within ten yards of the potatoe-bearing atlas, and five yards from the.goal ran up to him, finishing two yards in front. JAMES SEARLES AND WILLIAM O'CONNOR, KOUR MILES, FOR 10/.—These Bermondsey lads, oveip% to sundry delays, consumed daylight to su9y an extent that a very small modfcutn remained whereth sieefators, to say nothing of umpires and referees, , could faiirly see their style of walking. It was a few' mintiteirld five whew they went off, Searles leading at a goat bat, O'Connor (better known by the name of Feargui) in pretty close attendance, though there was no!` waiting" in it,.for the referee had twice to call, on .Searlpa in the first three-quarters of a mile, who turned ,ae,cmlipgly• This, however, did not bring the M.P.'s nam,esre wuch nearer, and at one mile he was thirty }'aids,pe r hind— fs time 8 min. 49 secs. At the' second bearlei till-it - 0 yet further in front—titre 17 minutes 40 .- Secbhas.' , ..Tiii the third mile O'Connor pulled foot, indeed it wiis fondly ,assarted I:te'ilratit; -- or -, are ' auto' after - the 'turn down for the fourth lnile Itto &id's(); ITb ',bon e'aught Searles and:passed-bhp Arad we are as equally i4ll as sured that Searles theneleparted-from the Lim- -..(34 fair toe and heel walking. •The time-bf O'Connor, 40:raven' in first, was 35 minutes 51 seconds.: After ikjitormy dicussion,, the referees decided, that ,a,s, i _l44i tn had run, and each, at different points of not turned when called on, that the affair was drawit, :Beta .1 are accordingly off, and s t a k es m u st a renewed match can be agreed-on.' 1? " . " -; -The race JOHNSON AN D W. PAYfii'TOR - Vol.:est64,;M-Ine race of two miles between . the Ptibdfetleff; the fiat-Com paratively unknown te-fame; , the such:ld / Often b'isfore the public by his namn.of Rodwell, •as well e..that - afi l iyne , took place on Tuescleyateranford-bridge... The betting was 5 and 6 to 4 on Payne —nay, so conftcleVt;lntgre th e start. that they ventured 2 .. t0 1 a feii,seeQP4A.Rit' er -- start. The ground was from the Whit.lgl(44 Blil eout and turn. The m e n wen t 'oft togktVaTd?i,A v mot tlin g pace, Payne leading for h a lf a m ile ; . J r Olipay. t eftr a ys n r c i it might be seen, several tithes ranupAciV u ltg h i nson then tell back. Ju s t bef ore th e tarn of took up the running, and toed-tine.rnarlFE HPthen put on the steam, and by the time he•bild ra n gr , yards te m full of of the second mile Payne g ave.ii4•j°b"" n - hbpelies. • running, and the stern chase .being evide ntly a:h.s t u h s u bject of ° trancet ptthue 41, Which fr --------- iiii •- 4 t: Pl' es fl RESTORATION OF .ELY vATO - B- , ;.• . on t" - much pleasure to report progress rapidlY *Piing decorative restorations which inaitairngenti:fiecene: into a " thing of beauty c u o l n e s ti t glassu te s the e b h e i n hfjgg wiltlhobij. fi , , ,,: x - s . t r e i e r e . -- s a t o e : in t i o n r n i y a d i i t o d O v i o l B . u i l s r e. ns itl i id e l : rs f t ..:_ l e . p fundsr e soon sse daarsteht nhe ieobrtur iteynpenit repairs nrntssdtuilaf sufficient gentlemen f completed. that lowing facts will for the bishops d . north triforium, ' Th . ' i* e .itictinbents of and d• . a 'window . tro„es diocese of the B . .in'iki - aouth livi n g s in the subscriptionPa for • 181Sb P 4 f EIY have op and a . the incumbents of lit ,. • - • transept; . the diocese e un th d e ert: o en im t a li n e mg:: in his Lordship's putroulge , windows in the eighth transept will be his Norman window, Th fourth e glass for -both, is or dered of M. erente, so cient to pay for the glass, it i " :11 to be hoped that thosewort. ‘ .The who have'not yet ex pressed Mr. Warrington, the artist, subscribing ha . will ed Co a m w e i f n o d r o w w ar in the south aisle. The Rev. Cha s n p ce r l o l m or is Sparke has'also promised a window, and th ere are subscriptions for a visitors' window and an ordinatiorwindow. There are also reports of other subscriptions. The gentleman to whom we are indebted for communicaiing . these facts says that if a few energetic friends would form a committee, and undertake the work, another large lan tern window might be filled by the Masters of Arts. A very small sum—not more than 11., or even Ift—would be quite sufficient to procure funds for the purpose. There would then be only one window left, which might be filled by the noblemen or doctors ; and then this splendid part of the magnificent cathedral would be complete. We have only to add that the Dean of Ely's and Mr. Cooke's windows for the south-west transept are being prepared by Mr. Wailes, to whom the cathedral is indebted for the glass in the south aisle, containing the history of St. Bede. Mr. Wailes has been again to the Continent, expressly for the purpose of examining the glass of the 13th century. We hope that a mere hint is sufficient to provoke to ea laudable co-operation, and even to create considerable rivalry and emulation in contributing to this work,— Cambridge and Ely Advertiser. The circulation of forged= notes of the of England appears to be greatly on the increase, and it would seem they are exceedingly well executed, so much so as to deceive good judges. It is suspected that the plates are engraved abroad ; but although the police and the authorities have been unremitting-in - their en deavours to trace out the offenders, it has been hitherto lle Jou without succeee.—A r fic c e o4 rhea.