The Sun. — London, England, 1841-05-10 00:00:00

MORNING EDITION 13, Great Marlborough -street. BURKE'S PEERAGE, AND BARONETAGE FOR 1841. The new edition for 1841 of this popular work will be ready for delivery in a few days. This new edition has undergone a six months' revision, and will be found to contain a great quan tity of new matter of peculiar interest to the Nobility of Great Britain, particulars of which will be given in future ad. vertisements. *." Orders rec e i ve d by all Booksellers. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. JNDER the lIANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS THIS EVENING, MAY 10 Will be repeated_the New Comedy, i n F ive Acts, entitled LONDON ASSURANCE. Sir Harcourt Courtly, Bart., Mr. W. Farren ; Max Hark away, Mr. Bartley; Mr. Charles Courtly, Mr. Anderson ; Mr. Adolphus Spanker, Mr. Keeley ; Mr. Dazzle, Mr. C. Mathews ; Mark Meddle, Mr. Harley ; Gra ce H arkaway, Madame Vestris ; Lady Gay Spanker, Mrs. Nisbett ; Mrs. pert, Mrs. Humbv. Atter which will be repeated, the Grand Romantie Fairy Ex. travaganza, entitled BEAUTY AND THE BEAST. Beauty, Madame Vestris : The Beast, Mr. W. Harrison ; .*hn Quill, Mr. Harley ; Dressalinda, Miss Rainforth ; Mar rygnlda, Miss Grant; Queen of the Roses, Miss Lee. To-morrow, London Assurance, with Beauty and the Beast. Door, t' t e orene4 at half-past Six—the performances to commence at Seven o'Clock. Dress Bores, 7s. ; Second Price, 33. 6d.; First and Second Circles, ss. ; Second Price, al. 6d. ; Pit, 3s. ; Second Price, 2e.; Gallery, Is. Tickets slid places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Grogan. at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets msy oe had upon application. Private BoxcA to be had so'ely of Mr. Andrews, bookseller, 167. New Bond-street. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF MR7DAVIDGE AND MR. WILLIS JONES. Wonderful success ! Haine's " Claude Du Val, the Ladies' Highwayman," decided to be a greater hit than ' Jack Shep- Fard ;" thousands have already witnessed the startling situa tions, intense interest, and extraordinary effects. The cur tain falls nightly amid the cheers of crowded audiences. THIS EVENING, MAY 10, Will be acted an Historical and Domestic Drama, entitled CLAUDE DU VAL, THE LADIES' HIGHWAYMAN. With entirely new local and luautiful Scenery, extensive Ma chinery, real horses and carriages, &c. Claude Duval, Mr. J. S. Balls. Supported by the most powerful Company in London. After which, a New Comedietta, entitled THE BRIDEGROOM'S HOAX ; OR:AWEDDING NIGHT DILEMMA. Characters by Mr. J. S. Balls, Johnson, Neville, Mrs. H. Hughes, Mrs. Hicks, and Miss Martin. To conclude with FREDERICK THE GREAT ; OR , THE KING AND THE DESERTER. Frederick, Mr. Neville ; The Deserter, Mr. N. T. Hicks With Combats, Conff3grations, &c. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. II :nting 31 minutes after 4. I Evening __AS minutes after 4 can negroes is cheaper to the planter than the hired labour of the intelligent black labourer' born and bred amidst all the arts of our own colonies. But it will be said you are mad, or you deceive yourselves wilfully. Do you not see by the re turns of the sugar market, that Brazilian and Cuba sugar are 100 per cent. cheaper than sugar imported from Jamaica? We see that. But we also see that the agricultural labourer of Eng land is worse paid in proportion to his toil and skill than any labourer of the world, ex cept an Irish labourer, or a Hill Cooly. One English or Scotch labourer does as much as two labourers in France or Ger many, but he gets only the wages of one. At the same time the price of corn in England is higher than in any other country. We all know the cause of this, and that it has no reference whatever to the cheapness or dearness of labour. In England labour is most abundant, and wages low, while the price of corn is exorbitantly high. With that example before us we are neither mad nor blind, we think, when we assert that the price at which foreign and colonial sugars are offered fur sale in our market is no index whatever to the cost of their production. The price of Jamaica sugar is a monopoly price; the price of Cuba and Brazilian sugar is the price of an article in an overstocked marked, wanting a vent. Our Jamaica planters are making large profits out of the tax they levy on us, but it does not therefore follow that the Brazilians are even paid the cost of their pro duce. Let the market be opened to both sugars, and the chances are that Brazilian would rise as much as Jamaica sugar would fall. The average price of wheat—to quote an illustration—in Dantzic, for upwards of forty years, was about 455., but in 1838 and 1839, in consequence of our demand, it rose to 58s. The same would be the case with Brazilian sugar, were there a demand for it. The Brazilians are now obliged to send it to Europe in payment for the European luxuries they require. As long as it is excluded from our market, its price must be merely nominal; and were the duties altered, the price would rise, and in proportion to its quality sell for as much as Jamaica sugar. In fact, it is idle to institute a comparison be tween the two, for as long as our colonial sugar is protected by a heavy discriminating duty, we never shall, and never can know, and never have known, what it really costs in comparison to the sugar of foreign countries. We hold all deduc tions, therefore, against the cheapness of free labour, drawn from the monopoly price of Ja maica sugar in our market, and the glut price of Brazilian or Cuba sugar, to be irrelevant to the great question at issue. We know, too, that when the two meet in the foreign market, they sell for about the same price. We have faith in the principles of justice, and we have faith in all the doctrines taught by the anti-slavery people, and we therefore abide by our conviction that free labour is cheaper even now in the West Indies than slave labour. It is said, however, that by reducing the duty on foreign sugar, the planters will be less able to pay, and employ their negroes, and that less wages will fall to the share of the negroes. The argument referring to them, means that, or it means nothing. This is the argument of those who maintain that the abolition of the Corn laws would throw land out of cultivation and labourers out of work, and would lower their wages, if that be possible. It is no argument of ours ; and there is a case in which our opponents maintain the very oppo site deduction. They say that if the Corn-laws were abolished, the manufacturers would allow none of the advantages of the fall in the price of provisions to go to the labourers, but they would reduce wages in proportion. How can they at the same time maintain that other manufacturers, namely, the plan ters or the landlords, will allow the advan tage of a rise in the price of what they sell to go to the labourer? The fact is that wages are de termined by the demand and the supply both in the West Indies and here, and unless the demand for negro labour be increased by the bounty on sugar grown in our colonies, or the supply of negro labour be lessened, the alteration of the sugar duties will have no effect whatever in lowering wages or depriving the negroes of work. The universal effect of competition, such as that proposed by allowing foreign sugars to come into our market, is to stimulate exertions to com pete with a rival. The manufacturer, grower, or planter, previously secure in his monopoly, and quite at his ease, living on taxation, is alarmed, and casts about to see how he can get more of his commodity. He racks his invention for new contrivances, he tries to produce more, and to pro duce it cheaper, he offers rewards to his labourers and overseers to exert themselves, and the result is an increased, not a diminished, demand for la bour. Such, as Lord JOHN RUSSELL observes, has been the case in the silk and several other trades, which have thriven by the competition with the French manufacturer. Such, too, would be the result of allowing slave-grown sugar to come freely into our market. The Ministerial plan proposes to leave it with a protecting duty of 12s. per cwt. We believe that the planters would have nothing to fear from the freest com petition, but they are still to be protected at the amount of 50 per cent. Nay, we believe that it is only by competition that the full advantage—the ingenious contri vances—the division of employment—of free la bour can be brought into operation. Far from joining Dr. LUSHINGTON in supposing that such a competition would increase the slave trade, it would do, we think, more to extinguish it than all Sir FOWELL BUXTON'S expeditions. It would stimulate free labour to exertion, which, as long as it is protected by a monopoly of our market, it will not make, and would compel and enable it at no distant time to extinguish the slave-trade, by making it unprofitable, and under selling the productions of slavery. But supposing that free labour has not all the I advantages we have attributed to it, surely there is some reason to doubt, at least, whether all those evil consequences in the encouragement of sla very will ensue which Dr. LUSHINGTON supposes, from merely reducing the duty on foreign sugar. He has no business to look on the question like Mr. GURNEY, merely with the eyes of a philan thropist; he is bound also to consider it as a le gislator and a statesman. He is bound to con sider the intere s t s o f hi s constituents, paying twice as mu c h f or sugar as they ought to obtain it for, were the planter's tax removed. Being under these obligations, and seeing, as l ie must see, unless he be a mere one-sided fanatic, that there is some doubt as to the effect of the measure, he was also bound, if out of strait-laced consistency lie gave his vote against the Ministers, not to mislead the House and the country by a great crop of fallacies. We admit Dr. LUSH INGTON'S sincerity, we admire his boldness, but we blame his great indiscretion. He spoke like an impassioned advocate, and did not disprove the general opinion that a practising lawyer very seldom makes a good legislator. He forgot too, who is hisclient ; and,while the Reformerssent him to Parliament to advocate the interests of the England, he plead e d on l y f or the p eo ple of Degrees, and is to vote with th e Tories. Admit tinghis intention to be good, we must conclude from his s peech and his promi s ed vote t h at he is terribly wrong-headed. Our readers will see by our various extracts, that the provincial papers very generally agree in promoting Corn-law agitation, and in demand ing a total repeal of the Corn-laws. That and that alone will now satisfy the people, because that alone will satisfy the justice of the case. But we are told that no Government ever dreamed, or ever will dream, of giving the total abolition. Wherefore then does any Goverment exist? What is it f or b ut to d o j ustice, and to see justice done? And to say that no Government will grant the total abolition of the bread-tax is toaffirm that Government abdicates its functions, makes common cause with the oppressor, and ought itself to be destroyed. We cannot, how ever, believe that any Government will come to such a conclusion, or that any leading Ministers of this country will venture to continue even a rag of the bread-tax in existence, if the people manfully assert that it shall be totally repealed. Great complaints are made, too, of the disturb ance which will be caused by the great change ; but what right has any man to complain of that disturbance which consists in redressing awrong? No doubt, Mother BROWNRIGG, when she was stopped by the hangman in her benevolent plan of starving and whipping her apprentices to death, complained of the great disturbance which was caused in her useful occupations. How shocking it was, on the same principle, to interfere with the career of HARE and BURKE, and BISIIOP and WILLIA:us. We do not ask, though we remember Colonel THOMPSON did, to visit the legislating landowners with any punish ment for doing that on a large scale, and by a slow process, which BURKE and %\' I LLIAMS did on a very limited scale, and by a sudden means— put human beings out of existence ; we only ask that they should be stopped in their guilty career, and be told that they must sin no more. Dis- turbance forsooth! Who that does right fears to be disturbed ! The apprehension and the corn plaint are the wailings of conscience-stricken men. We see, too, by the Irish papers that the Orange landlords and the Orange press are foaming with rage and fright at the possibility of the Corn-laws being repealed. That is an unan swerable proof of the public and national ac:van tage of the measure. A more heartless, mischie vous set of tyrants than the landlords of Ireland, never were endowed with power. Their whole history is one of merciless oppression. The last trait in it, is clearing their estates, turning out hundreds and thousands of poor wretches to die in the highways. Such men deserve no respect, and if the abolition of the Corn-laws would set bounds to their power, that should be a strong recommendation to all the friends of humanity. As Mr. BAZLEY said at the Liverpool meeting, the abolitionists had with bated breath and bended knee asked for an inquiry, and they were taunted with being unreasonable ; they humbly asked permission to grind foreign corn in bond, and they were dismissed with reproaches. It is high time such contumelious conduct should have an end; and those who would listen to no reasonable application, should now be corn- manded, by the nation, to repeal the Corn-laws. The people, by now submitting to the bread tax, will fasten, for ever, the landlords' yoke on their own necks. The Bill of the Duke of ARGYLL to regulate the exercise of Church Patronage in Scotland is now before the public, and justifies our worst sus picions. It is the Veto Act clothed in the garb of an Act of Parliament, and though ostensibly brought forward for the spiritual relief of the peo ple, and the peace and prosperity of the Presby terian Church, its sole object is the supremacy of the clergy ; it contains seeds of endless strife and animosities, and, if carried into effect, would sub ject the Church-going people of Scotland to a system of injustice and tyranny, compared with which all the evils of the most unrestricted pa tronage are but as "a drop of a bucket." In order that our readers may judge for themselves, we will briefly analyze this healing measure. The ground work of the Bill, every one will perceive, is the mode of appointing the constituency who are en titled to vote for the election of a minister ; but the qualifications for this important trust the Bill not only does not define, but does not make the slightest allusion to. The franchise is to be fixed by the Church, alias the Non-intrusionist clergy. " And be it further enacted, that the individuals comprising in each congregation the body of male communicants hereinbefore mentioned as entitled to dissent from the call, shall be ascertained, and the mode of stating their dissent before the Presbytery shall be fixed and regulated in such a manner as the Church may direct." Now we will venture to say that in the whole history of the grasping at tempts of the Church at power, and they are neither few nor small, there is not one that ap proaches this in audacity and selfishness. Under the sanctified name of religion an ecclesiastical revolution is to be created in Scotland for the os tensible purpose of giving the people the choice of their ministers and destroying patronage, but, in reality, to transfer the patronage from the Crown and the principal heritors who maintain the Esta blishment to the dominant clergy. They claim the unrestricted right of fixing the franchise, and shortening or lengthening the roll of electors at pleasure. They will strike one off because he is an Intrusionist ; a second, because he does not make family worship thrice a-day ; a third, be cause he dances; and a fourth, because he goes to a play. There is no limit set to their power, and were the House of Lords to sanction such a measure as this they would establish in one corner of her Majesty's dominions, and among the most faithful, moral, and peaceable of her subjects, a system of despotism that would be reckoned too severe for the most abandoned con victs and the most lawless banditti. Of this we are certain, that under such a regime neither the Prime Minister nor the Home Secretary would have a vole, one-half of the House of Lords would be disfranchised, CITALIFIERS or CANDLNH would address them in the words of the arch-hypocrite CROMWELL, " Get you gone ; give place to honester men. The LORD deliver me from the Earl of ABER DEEN." To one he would say, "Thou art a whoremaster ;" to another, "Thou art an adul terer;" to a third, " Thou art a drunkard and a glutton;" and "Thou art an extortioner" to a fourth. In the parish of Daviot, in the north, con sisting of 1,800 inhabitants, there are at present only ten righteous men; a n d were th e i r Lord _ ships' House purged, as this parish has been purged, we know not if one Peer would be left, excepting always the Duke of ARGYLL and the Marquis of BREADALBANE. Independent, how ever, of this radical and insurmountable objec tion, the Bill has great defects. In case the patron should present a person not agreeable to the inhabitants, he and the presentee may appeal from the Presbytery to a higher Church Judi _ catory—from Presbytery to Synod, and from Synod to General Assembly; and after all this _ _ • ._ troublesome and expensive litigation, the patron is allowed six months to present another, not in- eluding in these six months the interval between lodging the presentation and the final de liverance by the Church Judicatory. Thus a parish may be vacant for 18 months, exposed to e- e evils of agitation and party spirit, nay it may be vacant for three years, for the Bill declares only that the patron's right to present shall cease, if it is not exercised within six months. Can rational men sanction such an absurdity as this ? The General Assembly no doubt will, for it is the work of their hands; but the people of Scotland, thank God, are not yet left to the tender mercies of such a tribunal. While on this subject we may notice a strange article which has appeared in an Evening Con temporary, the Globe, the organ of the 'Non-in trusion party in London, and in order that our remarks may be understood, we length : give it at The Times of this morning has an article on the case of the Strathbogie ministers, who are about to be de posed by the General Assembly for disobeying their ecclesiastical superiors, and violating their ordination vows. Let it not be dreamt that these gentlemen are to be punished merely for obeying the civil courts, and disobeying the ecclesiastical courts of Scotland. Be sides their contumacy, they have been guilty of inflict ing great practical evils on the Church and people of Scotland. They have injured the people in turning out all the parishioners of Marnoch from the edifice in which their fathers worshipped for centuries, by intruding into his pulpit the mora l nu i sance of an obnoxious clergy man. They have injured the Church, whose vows they have taken by dis-establishin g the parish of Marnoch, s a iff .24, , .. . ''4ll ' o pt '''' if 1.-,., . ~....-...,,, -.i'• 0. ':•••.,"' , ___ . ._ t s..- 11 .,,c't.1...‘ •, . it ,; Akk • ' .......-.. ' ..".• ~... 1 =_2-0' ' . . 01 4 ../ 1. i ' - . .., , ..z ; ',. % . 1 4 --,,, ,-,-,-- :, -, --,- , 4 , •• ..71 - , - ' Ztie )1111,. LONDON: MONDAY, MAY 10, 1841. We entertain a great respect for Dr. LUSH INGTON'S sincerity, but we believe him to be grossly in error. For example, he repelled the argument that free labour could compete with slave labour, by asking, "Could the honest manufacturer compete with the highwayman ? Could the trader who paid a just obedience to the lass, and discharged the taxes imposed on him, compete with the lawless smuggler?" But a grain ofreilection, which, so far as statesmanship is concerned, is worth more than a pound of sen timentality, and a bushel of smart antithetical oratory, would have convinced Dr. LUSHINGTON that his analogy and illustration were unfounded and unjust. In that celebrated competition between one man who stole the materials for his brooms, and an other who stole the brooms ready made, which Dr. LUSHINGTON seems to have had in view, the thief of the ready-made article hada great advan tage over the thief of the mere materials ; but we submit that the thief who now steals the Afri can to carry him to Cuba, has no such advan tage over the descendants of those who stole the Africans long ago, to carry them to Jamaica. The former do not steal sugar ready made, they only steal the materials to make it; and the question to be decided is, whether those who now steal the materials, or those who formerly stole them, for making sugar, can produce that article the cheaper. Dr. LUSH INGTON fancies the present race of Cuba and Brazilian thieves can ; we believe that he has not duly considered the matter. Man-stealing, as Dr. LCSHINGTON properly de scribed it, is a gross iniquity, and the present conduct of the Brazilians and Cubans carries with it all the consequences of a fresh act of injustice. .No art can reconcile the unhappy slaves to their lit, and no labour can be obtained from them bat by compulsion. Overseers armed with whips, a prison on every estate, and all the other, not only painful but costly contrivances to extort la bour, are as necessary now in Cuba and the Bra zils, as they were lieretofin-e in Jamaica. We are sure that the outrages must be brutal, and the compulsion very costly, for we have Dr. LUSHINGTON'S authority for asserting that the slaves are "used up" every ten years, and at the end of that time require to be renewed. The price of a slave varies, but is seldom less we believe, than 501., so that a gang of 100 will require an outlay of a capital of 5,000/. every ten years. Besides the cost of their guards, overseers, and prisons, the slaves must be fed nearly as well as free labourers to keep them in working condition. There is no reason to sup pose that food can be raised or procured by means of less labour in Cuba than in Jamaica, so that while the cost of maintaining slaves must be nearly as great as the wages given to free la b )ur, the slave owner has to lay out a large ca p:tal, which the employer of free labour never expends. That is one of the great advantages of our colonies. The injustice of man is healed by time, and the mercy and goodness of GOD gradually ex tinguish the coLsequences of crimes. Even the memory of injustice, and with th a t t h e d es i re of reven ge, is in time cried up and lost, and the ki n dly relations which it disturbed are restored. But fbr this salutary dispensation feuds would be perpetual, and Europe would now be like Cuba or Brazil, the abode of slaves working in gyves, chained at night in a prison, and oftyrants armed with whips, swords, and lances. Time has done something even for our 1 , 1 , est India colonies, comparatively recent as is the termination of ex tinguishing the rememb rance o f slavery, in wrongs, and in substituting the friendly relations of masters and servants for those of tyrants and slaves. All the accounts from the West Indies repre sent the black population as working quietly and well for wao•es. Compulsion, equally hateful t, and costly, is at an end ; and the planter, instead of having to employ a large capital in the pur chase of slaves, has received a large price from this country for those he formerly owned, and who now work for him as cheaply, as free la bourers, as they or their ancestors worked as slaves. Will Dr. LUSHINGTON, or will any man, dare to tell the people of Europe, with the com paratively free labourer of England and Ireland toiling more for less wages than any slaves that ever existed, that slave labour is the Brazils and in Cuba is cheaper to the planters than free la bour in Jamaica or Antigua ? But there are other considerations which the anti-slavery people overlook in VI( ir zeal. What, for exampl.!, can the poor wretches stolen from Africa, cooped up in ships, and landed half dead with fright and disease, know of the cultivation of sugar ? It must take months to teach them, and it will require weeks before they can begin to learn. The free labourers already know their business. They require no teaching and no sus tenance, except from their parents, till they are able to work. They are not only a compara tively skilled race, but, like our artisans, they transmit their skill to their offspring. Founding on these circumstances, it seems to us, a mere crude fancy, unwarranted by facts, falsi fied by theory, it is contrary to all our faith in justice, righteousness, and honesty, to assert that the slave labour of the stolen and ignorant Afri- THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, MAY 10, 1841. sionists when they obtained power. Had the same system been adopted by the Moderates 110 Evangelical Moderator would have been elected for the last hundred years, and not one Presby tery out of ten would have returned an Evan gelical. So much for the election system of the Moderates. The other statements of the Globe respecting minor points are of the same descrip tion. Will the Times tell us, exclaims the Non intrusionist, " When the Presbytery of Lang holm returned in rotation Mr. CLARK, of Half- Morton?" We answer, be has been ordained only two years, and as there are seven members of Presbytery, his turn may not yet come for three years. " The COOKS (uncle and nephew) of Laurencekirk," says the Globe, are present and ready every year to fight the battles of mo- deration, and owe thoir seats to election . There is only one Coox of Laurencekirk ; the other, Dr. COOK, who succeeded to the place of Principal HILL in the Assembly, is re turned by the University of St. Andrew's, and has no connection whatever with a Presbytery. Mr. ROBERTSON is returned for Ellon, because all, or nearly all, the members are Moderates, and he merely takes the place of the member in rotation, who declines to serve. But it is need less to argue this question with the writer in the Globe. He is as ignorant of the state of the Scotch Church as he is uncharitable in taking for granted that the Strathbogie ministers are to be deposed; and all honest straightforward Presby terians must rejoice that the firebrands have got such a miserable advocate. We are only sur prised that a respectable paper should admit ab- surdities which exposes it to ridicule in every part of Scotland. We will not venture to say that the eyes of Europe are upon Lord PALMERSTON, but we may safely affirm that the eyes of Mr. DAVID URQU HART are. Nothing his Lordship says or dies escapes the notice of the ex-Secretary of Lega tion, and as he makes no secret of his discoveries, we presume he chooses the hours when Lord PALMERSTON is asleep to note them down, and prepare them for the press. That hatred is more sleepless and more vigilant than love, is proved by the fact that the labours of all his Lordship's admirers united, would hardly equal in amount the mass of evidence which Mr. URQUHART has brought together in a variety of forms to prove him a traitor to his Sovereign and his country- From pamphlets in an octavo size, Mr. URQU HART has ascended to quartos, and as the bulki ness of his effusions keep pace with the supposed magnitude of Lord PALMERSTON'S guilt, we ex pect soon to see him figuring in folio, to the mutual profit of the printer and the cheese monger. The office of the writer who would de vote his leisure to the exposure of all the real faults, mistakes, oversights, and blunders of the best-intentioned Minister would be no sinecure ; how great, therefore, must be the labour thrown away and the ingenuity wasted by the wight who finds in the ordinary occurrences of every day materials for the history of some unfledged trea son against the mother country ? We stated on a former occasion that we would not attempt the refutation of the absurd charges brought by Mr. URQUHART against Lord PALMERSTON. It is enough that nobody believes them—not even the clique who proclaim Mr. UR QUHART their idol. But we cannot ab stain from deploring the infatuation which pre vents Mr. URQUHART seeing that he, too, is play ing the game of Russia, however unconsciously. He ought to know that the rabid fury with which he assails Lord PALMERSTON cannot be mistaken —that it is prompted by hatred, not of the Minis ter, but of the man. He ought also to be aware that in grossly exaggerating, as he does, the dangers which threaten us from Russia, he but parodies the silly conduct of the boy in the fable who cried "wolf" so often that no one would listen to him when he cried " wolf" in earnest. Were Mr. URQUHART prompted by patriotism, instead of by passion, to write as he does, his censures would be directed against the Cabinet generally, and not against the only Member of it with whom he i s k nown to b e o n the wors t terms. Lord P ALMERSTON ' S po li c y is the policy of the Cabinet to which he belongs ; but if an individual be selected for censure, it is surely the Premier who assumes its direction. We are the unifo rm apolog i sts o f no Cabinet. We support no Mi n i ster i n any project which we deem injurious to the national welfare. But although we have on many occasions found reason to condemn courses of procedure adopted by Lord PALMERSTON, we never countenanced, made upon him nor shall we eve r countenance, t h e wholesale, indiscriminate, a n d f oul attacks by the Urquharti te f action. We are for the good politics, as old English pri nc i p l e of fair-play i n in fisty-cuff wa r f are. Bes i des, ta k en all i n a ll, the foreign ad m i n i strat i on of Lor d PALMERSTON has been conducted with great ability, and and throwing the minister of the parishioners on the vo luntary principle for his support. Of the column of the Times' article, a single short paragraph alone deserves any notice : " Heretofore it has been the practice in most Scotch Presbyteries, to elect clerical representatives to the As sembly according to the principles of rotation ; but, as a proof of the dead partisanship of the dominant faction in the Church, they have this year violently set aside the rotation system, and packed that venerable house with their own obsequious tools ! It is due to the Pres bytery of Glasgow to say, that, as far as they are con cerned, this pitiful piece of pettitbgging has been man fully and successfully resisted. In the Edinburgh Pres bytery-, however, Messrs. Candlish and Cunningham, have been thrust into the Assembly out of their proper turn, and both of these modest persons voted fur their own intrusion—in defiance of the prescriptive right of some of their reverend brethen ! The ensuing Assembly, therefore, is a packed one, to all intents and purposes." Now, this is all untrue. It never has been the prac tice in the Scotch Presbyteries to send representatives to the Assembly entirely by rotation. Heretofore, as now, the practice has been to send them partly by rotation and partly by election. Both parties in the Church feel the necessity of sending their ablest men invariably to the Assembly, and this they do by election. But so de cidedly have the moderate Presbyteries adopted and used the election principle in sending representatives to the Assembly, that several moderate Presbyteries have never allowed their Evangelical members to go to the Assembly at all ; for instance, there are two Evangeli cals in the Presbytery of Elgin who have never been returned ; and will ! - ,he Times tell us when the Presbytery Lsughohne returned by rotation Mr. Clark of Half- Morton ? But the Presbytery of Ellon every year sends Mr. Robertson—every Assembly sees Paul of Tully nessle, Forbes of Boharm, Gibbon of Lonmay, and the Cooks (uncle and nephew) of Laurencekirk, present and ready to fight the battles of moderatism, and owing their seats to election and not to rotation. Of the nine repre sentatives of the Evangelical Presbytery of Edinburgh in the Assembly about to be held, six have been chosen by rotation and only three by election—Candlish, Cun ningham, and Chalmers. Unlike several moderate Presbyteries, the Evangelical Presbyteries have never used the election principle to the exclusion of moderates who would come in by rotation. So much for the en suing Assembly being a packed one ! We will not adopt the words of the Globe and say " this is all untrue," but certainly there never was such a perversion of facts, such a display of ignorance on an important question, and such a wanton attempt to transfer the blame from the guilty to the innocent, contained in the same number of lines. We are not the advocates of the journal which the Globe attacks. At first, it took up the part of the Non-intrusionists, and then went over to the other side, and we are ready to make allowance for the change, on the ground that it had been misinformed as to the state of the Scotch Church ; but this can be no excuse for the course pursued by the evening paper. The word entirely, which the Globe gives in italics, is a pure invention, and the description of the practice in most Scotch Presbyteries, " to elect representatives to the General Assembly, according to the principle of rotation," is strictly correct. Till the Non-intrusionists obtained power, it was rarely or ever departed from. We remember no instance in which it was set aside, but we know many in which it was adhered to, often to the disadvantage of both the Moderate and the Evangelical party. In the Edinburgh Presbytery, which guided most of the others, Dr. INGLis, a Moderate, and Sir HARRY MoNcRrEFF, an Evangelical, the leaders of their respective parties, were often excluded when important questions were to be decided, because they renounced the principle of election. The intrusion commenced with the Non-intru- with a general regard to the honour and interests of the British nation. Could we blot from our recollection the prostration of Poland, the affair of the Vixen, the agreement with Russia rela tive to the occupation of Constantinople by a pro tecting force, and the delay in recalling Pleni potentiary- ELLIOT from China, we should not hesitate to pronounce Lord PALMERSTON'S foreign administration as one of the most faultless in our history. The list of painful recollections is long enough to entitle us to claim for The Sun the merit of impartiality. But when we see order and constitutional liberty established in Portugal and Spain; Belgium raised to the dignity of an independent State; Turkey saved; British in fluence extended and extending in Central Asia; and the peace of Europe preserved despite of the late French Cabinet, we can make a large allowance for errors originating in a love of peace, family influence, and a misplaced confi dence in the talents of agents and the good faith of allies. We have only room to call attention to the great Anti-Corn-law meeting held at Liverpool on Thursday, of which a full report is given in another part of The Sun. The extracts from the Country Papers, which we also give this day, will be read with the highest interest and delight by every enemy of monopoly, and every friend ofthe poor. The Provincial Press is doing the work manfully, deterred neither by the frowns of the landlords nor the dire hostility of the aristocracy and the,Church. Men who thus lend their aid in the cause of the starved and oppressed will meet with the reward promised in Scripture, " Blessed is he that pleadeth for the poor and needy." In Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S admirable speech last night, this topic was handled with great skill and eloquence. His words will make a deep im pression throughout the country; and in order that they may have full effect, we advise the Anti-Corn-law Association to print the whole speech in a cheap shape, and distribute it in every city, town, and hamlet in the United Kingdom. Having received and published in our Edi tion of Saturday the only important news in the Paris Journals of Thursday, nothing remains for us but to quote the following additional extracts from them : The grand mass on the anniversary of the Emperor Napo leon was celebrated yesterday in the Church of the Invalides. The choir was hung with violet velvet, enriched with escut cheons emblazoned with the arms of the empire, flags, and trophies. Above the high altar was an immense banner with the arms of the empire, surmounted by a golden eagle with the wings displayed. On the altar, resting on a cushion, was placed the golden coronet presented by the town of Cherbourg. On each side of the choir was stationed the King's Aides-de- Camp, the Peers, and Deputies, including Marshals Moncey, Grouchy, and Gerard, Admiral Duperre, Generals Gourgaud and Petit, Messrs. de Las Cases arid Marchand, and the Abbe Cnquereau. Under the dome was collected a large body of officers, among whom were some who wore the uniforms of the empire. The Cure of the Invalides performed the service, and the music was executed by the band of the 66th of the line. After the absolution, Marshal Moncey, supported by General Petit, awl attended by his aides-de-camp, was carried into the Chapel of Saint Jerome, and there received th e go ld en coronet from the ha n d s o f the Mayor of Cherbourg, and deposited it on the coffin of the Emperor. This duty being performed, nu merous persons were admitted into the chapel to do honour to the remains it enclosed. We have often said that the surrounding of Paris with bas tiles was a precaution taken, not against f ore i gn enemies, but against the int er i or. We have; repeated this to the National, we have repeated it to M. Barrot, all our representations have been in vain ; they stopped their ears to the very clear decla ration of M. Guizot in the Chamber of Deputies, and to the still more explicit revelations of several Members of the Court party in the Chamber of Peers. Now the mystification is complete—the law is voted—the treason of M. Thiers has suc ceeded by the aid of those on whom he had the least reason to reckon—the Ministry no longer fears to make known the idea which predominated in this fatal law, and the following are the clear and precise terms in which it expresses itself :—" As for the faction, as for that handful of agitators, enemies of the Government, and so often admired and pro tected by the Journals of the Opposition, the GoVernment has proceeded with vigour against it wherever it has shown itself. It is especially against the hopes of this faction, it is in spite of it, it is for ever to destroy the only probability of its future triumph, that the Ministry has asked and obtained of the Chamber the project of law on the fortifications of Paris." The Journal which contains these avowals is in some mea sure more than an official Journal, it is the expression of th e real opinions of M. Guizot—it i s the Memor i al de Rouen. This paper has always been the faithful organ of the party of the Doctrinaires. It was to the Memorial de Ituzzen that M. Guizot, when Ambassador at London, addresss:d those confidential notes which presaged the fall of the Cabinet of the Ist of March, and which excited so much anger in the journal of M. Thiers. When the Memorial advances a I fact, we may say that it is the echo of M. Guizot and the pa. lace, for it was established a: Rouen to represent the ideas of the personal Government. Thus, then, according to M, Guizot, the fortifications are directed especially against intes tine parties. We believe, for our part, that they menace them alone. The Courrier Francais, the confident of M. Thiers, had made confessions nearly similar, by declaring that they would be good against internal and external enemies, But whocanbelieve that the Government would think of expending a thousand m i lli ons to f ort i fy i tself against that handful of agi tators of which it speaks, isolated from the population, and which the National Guard alone would always crush by its numbers and spirit. It would be an act of extravagance, and the affrays in the streets, which we have witnessed during the last eleven sears, abundantly prove that the Constitution and order have no need to defend themselves with fifteen bastilles and 2,000 pieces of cannon, with which it is intended to surround Paris. It is evidently to keep the Parisian population in awe that the fortifications have been planned, and now that the Mi nistry has obtained the law, it no longer condescends to con ceal its thoughts. —Le Comma ce. BC) URSE.--..PARIN, THURSDAY, MAY 6. First Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Price. Price , r e ,cri 5 -.- et Cents ll4. ... 114 50... 114 ... 114 50 4 per Cents 99 20 ... 99 20 ' ... 09 20 .... 99 211 3 per Cents 79 35 ... ;9 55 ... 79 3 ) ... 79 53 ?ant of r rance . 3182 50 ...3182 50 ...3180 ...3180 geigian Bank 1841.... . lO4O ...1040 ...1040 ...1041 5 per Cents 3 per Cents 7l 20 ... 71 20 ... 71 20 ... 71 '2O New Loan lOl% ... 1 1 1% ... 1014 ... 101% nanish /tame 24% ... 24% ... .4 , 4 ... '2 % Portuguese 3 per Cents 2.;% ... 20% ... 2. , % ... 20% Neapontan lO3 60 ... 103 75 ... 153 60 ... 10 3 75 Roman RAILWAY SHARES. St Germain Versa, lace, L.B ..... ... ..... ....•• 240 ... 240 ... 240 ... 'l4O louen 460 ... 460 ... 4.:7 50 ... 457 50 Orie.uts ;• 4trasburg to Bale 226 25 ... 236 25 ... 216 25 .. 236 25 The official despatches giving an account of the actions in Canton River appeared in the Ga zette of Friday night, and are precisely the same with those we published on Friday morning, and which were communicated by the respective Commanding Officers to the Governor General of India. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen held a Court and Privy Council on Satur day afternoon at Buckingham Palace. The Council was attended by his Royal Highness Prince Albert, the Lord President, the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Privy Seal, the First Lord of the Treasury, the Secretaries of State for the Foreign and Colonial Departments, the Chancel lor of the Exchequer, the Lord Steward, the Lord Cham berlain, and the Master of the Horse. Her Majesty having been pleased to appoint the Right Hon. William Lord Bateman to be Lord Lieutenant of the County of Hereford, his Lordship took the oaths ap pointed to be taken thereupon. Sir Augustus Foster, a member of his late Majesty's Privy Council, was re-sworn of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council. The Hon. William Bathurst was the Clerk of the Council in Waiting. - - At the Court, Mr. Van de Weyer, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from the King of the Bel gians, had aii audience of her Majesty. His Excellency WAS introduced by Viscount Palmerston, G.C.8., her Ma j esty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. Her Majesty gave audiences to Viscount Melbourne and the Lord Chamberlain. AMSTERDAM, MAY 7.—We have a letter from the Hague, which says—" A general subject of conversation here is the discovery of highly important state papers, which throw an entirely new light on preceding events, and which have come, by a particular chance, into the possession of our Government." (The writer then makes conjectures respecting the state papers, which show that no dependence could be placed on his commu nication.) DUTCH FUNDS.—AMSTELDAM, MAT 7. Money. Bills. ictual Dsbt, '234 per Cent 51% alit°, ditto 5 per cent. Ditto, ditto, 3% per cent. ........».»....» 74% 741( Commercial Company 4% per 16531 Ditto (1835 and 1837) & per cent. 101% 102 Loan 1837, 5 per cent . ........ 92 97% Exchange on Londe', One month..... 12 02 Two months ••••••••• 11 92% Dutch Papers, May 8. BELGIAN U NDS-11nonszie, MAY 7. Actual Debt 2% per Cent. ..... 53 Rothschild's Lean, 5 per Cent., 100% Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per 412% 3 per Cent ..... (140 7(.15i . 00% Loan of City, 1832, 4 per Cent ) 1 81% Society of Commerce, 4%pe r Cent lOO Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent..... ....... 78 NationalSeciety. The Court was attended by:the Earl of Listowel, Lord in Waiting ; Lord Hill, Gold Stick in Waiting ; Sir Frederick Stovin, Groom in Waiting ; Lord Alfred Paget, Equerry in Waiting, and Colonel Wylde, Equerry in Waiting on Prince Albert. After attending her Majesty's Court, his Excellency M. Van de Weyer had an audience of his Royal High.- ness Prince Albert, at Buckingham Palace. The Queen and. Prince Albert attended Divine Service yesterday morning in the Chapel Royal, St. James's. The Sermon was preached by the Rev. Mr. Mills. The Service was read by the Rev. Mr. Packman ; the Lessons by the Rev. Dr. Wesley, and the Communion Service by the Key. Dr. Wesley and the Rev. Mr. Packman. The Musical Service was Barrows in F., the Sanctus, &c., Davy. The Anthem was " Bow down thine ear." The Dean of Hereford was the Deputy Clerk of the Closet in Waiting. The Royal Suite consisted of the Countess of Mount Edgecumbe, Lady Caroline Cocks, Hon. Miss Cavendish, Earl of Listowel, Lord Robert Grosvenor, Earl of Morley, Sir Frederick Stovin, Lord Alfred Paget, Captain Francis Seymour, and Colonel Wylde. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited her Majesty and Prince Albert yesterday and on Saturday. The Duke of Sussex visited his Royal Highness Prince Albert yesterday. The Duke of Cambridge visited his Royal Highness on Saturday, at Buckingham Palace. Viscount Melbourne had an audience of her Majesty. Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal was taken an airing yesterday in the garden of Buckingham Palace. Her Serene Highness the Princess of Leiningen at tended Divine Service yesterday morning in the Royal German Chapel. Baroness Spaeth was in waiting on his Serene Highness. The sermon was preached by the Rev. Dr. Kuper. MR. HENRY TH OMAS H OPE ' S B ALL .-- The Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Hill had au- After a lapse of five years the celebrated mansion in Mansfield diences of his Royal Highness Prince Albert on Saturday. streetwas re-o pened last ev en i ng to t h e f as hi ona bl e wor ld f or Her Majesty and P r i nce A l b ert and the D uchess of I I a ball and supper, and the vi s it an t s excee d e d fi ve h un d re d p er - Kent honoured the It a li an O pera with the i r presence on sons. The dancing comm ence d at a b out h a lf- pas t e l even; the Saturday evening. su pper took place at t wo o ' c l oc k t h is morning. Their Serene High nesses t h e Prince an d P r i ncess of EXPECTED DISSOLUTI ON O F PARLIAMENT. I Leiningen accompani e d h er M a j esty an d P r i nce Albert. —we have received the f o ll ow i ng i n ti ma ti on from a source on which we have every re ason t o re l y :—" It i s understood th at The Royal Suite included th e C ountess o f M ount Edg e- the Queen wdissolve ament immediately if the Minis. cutube, Hon. Miss Cavendish, E ar l o f Listowel, Right tets are beaten on the sugar Parli duties. Tablet. Thirty.seven Exchange on Condon (short) ..... it 175 —Brussels Papers, May 7. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—Visniu, APaIL 29 Five per Cents. Metalliques •Centr .....••••••••••••• 1071 deer per Cents. 1111110116.110011.1111110.011.••••••••••• oo 00000 NCH. 99 Three per Cents• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••. 77 Sank Shares .....•••••••••••••••••••••••................... 1847 AileßmUeSanbelAZNllBl7Ug. May 4 NDS.—Betrtie, MAY 4 Bills. M oney. StlSchu ig ld. Sch., 46 per cent. ...... ..... 1045 i 103% Prussian Englis h Loan, 1830, 4 per cent. 101 Exchange on London, three months... 6 19 —Prussian State Gazelle. May 5, HAMBURG BORSENHALLE, MAY 4. Austrian 5 per Cents. Bills. Money ............... 1073i Bank shares 1655 Anglo-Bussian Loan .............................. 109 103 1 ,E Russian 5 per Cent. Ist series, Certificate Inscription, Ist SesiGs 10 0 - Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and Co. 3d and 4th Series Ditto in Certificates New 4 per Cent. (18-10) 97% 97 Dit t o 5 per Cent — 87% 87% Dutch r.ctual Debt, 2%, lie, Cent sl!‘ 51 - Polish Bonds 141 New ticket 166 Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cep' 75 14 75 Not wegian Loan, 1834, 4 per C.fg. ...... — Spanish, New Der Cents. 1636 EXCHANGES ON LONDON. HAMBURG, MAY 4.-13 65i.—Two months, 13 5 LRIPSIC, APRIL 30.—Two moths, 6. 20%. STMEHOLM, APRIL 25 .—Seventy-five days, 12. 0. Cuttismous, APRIL 21 . — Threc,months, 4 60. I Hon. George Stevens Byng, Sir Frederick Stovin Lord Alfred P age t, an d C o l onel Wylde. Lady Anne 'Maria Dawson was in waiting on the Duchess of Kent. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent attended Divine Service yesterday morning in the Chapel Royal, St. James's. Lady Anne Maria Dawson was in waiting on her Royal Highness. The Duke of Cambridge had a dinner party on Sa turday at Cambridge House. The company included Lord Hill, Lord Fitzroy Somerset, Major Stephens, Co lonel Keate, and twenty officers of the 60th Royal Rifles. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday afternoon at the residence of the Marquis of Normanby (the Noble Marquis being indisposed) in Hillstreet. All the Mi nisters were present with the exception of the Earl of Minto. The Council sat two hours and a half. Mr. Thornton, the Chairman of the Spanish and Por tuguese Committee, attended at the Foreign-office on Friday, and again on Saturday, on the subject of the claimants on the Government of Portugal. A Deputation, consisting of the following gentlemen, from Manchester—Mr. Brotherton, M.P., Sir Thomas Potter, the Boroughreeve of Manchester, Mr. William Read, Mr. William Gibb, Mr. Thomas Townend, the Town Clerk of Manchester, and Mr. Thomas Ogden Lingard, had an interview with the Right Hon. H. La bouchere, at the Board of Trade, on Saturday. The Russian Minister transacted business on Saturday at the Foreign-office. Despatches from the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands, and also from the Governor of Gibraltar, were received yesterday at the Colonial-office. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS, (From The Sun of Saturday Evening.) LIVERPOOL COTTON AIARKET, MAY 7.—The sales of to• day are 2,500 bales to the trade. LIVERPOOL SNARE MARKET, MAY 7.—The Share Markel to-day has been limited, without alteration of prices to any ex tent :--Eastern Counties are quoted at tia ; Ditto, debentures, 7 ; Glasgow, Pai.ley, and Greenock, 29* ; .Great Western, 51. Shares, 44; Manchester and Leeds, 52*; Liverpool Union Bank, 12. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, MAY 7.—The Share Market still continues depressed, and prices have an inclination to give way : —Manchester and Leeds, h I to 531 ; Ditto, New, 21 to 22; Manchester and Birmingham, 254 ; London and South Western, bS 58% • Ditto, Tenths, 44 ; Eastern. Coun ties, Si to 9i; Bank of danchester, 7 ; Manchester and Sal ford Bank, W. By the Hamburgh Mail received yesterday afternoon the Exchange upon London comes 13 5; Gold, 432; Metalliques, 107 a; Bank Actions, 1,655. Its consequence of what Viscount Melbourne stated in the House of Lords last night respecting the affairs of China, teas got up 2d. in the lb. This is a godsend for the tea holders. Consols opened this morning at the leaving off price of yes terday, 90 to A for the Account ; Money, 89} 90. Up to the present time there is not a feature worth attention in either of the markets. Exchequer Bills, lower, 7 9 prem. ; Bank Stock, 168 169 ; India Stock, 250 252 ; India Bonds, 1 3 prem. In the Foreign Market Spanish Active, 244 ; Deferred, 12} ; Passive, 54 b ; Portuguese, 344 ; Three per Cents., 20i ; Colombian, 2234 ; Mexican, 29} ;" Bra zilian, 68 } 69 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 52$ ; Five per Cents. 99a. Bn...um—Great Western 28 29 prem. ; New 14a prem. ; London and Brighton 2} dis. ; Blackwell 6* 54 dis. ; Birmingham 70 72 prem. ; Southampton 57} 58} per share ; Croydon 13 4 144 per share ; Greenwich 81 per share ; Manchester and Birmingham 15 14 dis. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE. RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share. Great Western Ditto New ... London and South Western 3B} 574..... to London and Croydon ( Trunk)... 134 144...... to Consuls are * lower than in the early part of the morning, and may be quoted at present 90 for the Account ; Money, 89a 90 ; Exchequer Bills, 9 6 8 5 7 prem. ; Bank Stock, 168 ; India Bonds, 2 prem., 2 dis. In the Foreign Market scarce anything doing. Spanish Active 24} ; Passive, 5 1 3 ; Portuguese nothing done ; Colom bian, 224 ; Mexican, 294 ; Dutch nothing done. The Share Market is inactive. Great Western, 92 93} ; New, 64; Croydon and Trunk, 144. Consols, Account, 90} ; Mexican, 284 29 ;. Portuguese 34} $ ; Spanish, 24a. No business doing. CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bulk St ock l6B India Stock 3 per Cent Red ... Ditto Bonds 3 per Cent Cons 896 Ditto Old Annuities ... 3} per Cent Red 97s Ditto New Annuities... New 3} per Cent 984 Ex. Bills, 1,000/....21d 7pm New 5 per Cent — Ditto 5001 7pm Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small 7pm Jan. 1860 l2s Bank Stock for Acct... Oct 1859 Jan. 1860 FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per cent.... 109 Portuguese, 5 per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent loo* 'Ditto, Ne w Ditto Brazilian Bonds. — Prussian, 5 per cent. Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent Russian, 5 per cent Chilian, 6 per cent....:. Ditto, Metallic Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, 5 per cent 24a Ditto, 1824. . ..... Ditto, Deferred ... Danish, 3 . per cent French, 5 per cent. —f. —c Greek, 18:45, 5 per cent — Exchange . —f. c, Mexican, 5 per cent.... French, 3 per cent. —f. —c, Ditto, 6 per cent, 1825. Dutch, 2} per cent. ... Peruvian, 1825, 6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent.......... 991 SHARES. Eastern Counties Railway (23 paid) Ditto Debentures ( 4 paid) 7l Great Western Railway (65 paid) ... 9.3fr Ditto New Shares (50 paid 64 London and Brighton (50 paid) 47s London and South Western London and Croydon Railway (Trunk) 144 North Midland Railway ( (00 paid) ---- - FLANDERS AND DUTCH MAIL. BRUSSELS, MAY 6.—On Tuesday afternoon great damage was done in various places by a violent thunder storm, accompanied with a d e l uge o f h a il an d ra i n. At Binche the hailstones were as large as pigeons eggs ; several sheep were killed. At Namur and the environs the roads in various directions were inundated so as to be wholly impassable. We heir that cows and horses were killed in the stables. Much damage was done in some places to the iron railway. GHENT, MAY s.—On Monday last, the Nestor of all the prisoners in Europe, died in the prison of Ghent. Pierre Joseph Tocte was condemned in 1773, to be broken on the wheel for having murdered a young girl. He was then 17 years of age. On a petition presented to the Empress Maria Theresa , his punishment was commu ted into imprisonment for life. In _18 . 14_ he was I set at liberty by Count Bichaliff, Hetman of the Cossacks, I whose head quarters were in this city, but being desti tute of means of subsistence, of relations and friends, after thirty-six years' captivity, he solicited as a favo ur to be suffered to return to the same prison which had been so long his abode. The request was granted, and and he remained in the Rasphaus twenty-seven Years more (in all sixty-three years), and died on Monday, at the age of eighty years. BRUSSELS, MAY 7.—The papers of this morning con tain the most affecting details of the damage done by the storm on Tuesday ; the chief mischief was done by the sudden inundation, but besides that several build ings were struck by lightning. POLISH FRONTIERS, APRIL 24.—The news that ' Russia will send this year a considerable army against the still unsubdued tribes of the Caucasus is entirely ' groundless. Russia has at all times had troops, but the nature of the country renders the development of great .nasses of troops wholly impossible. The contest will continue this year as heretofore in the only way th at can be successful ; forts will be erected at certain intervals, a.nd by that means more ground, be gained from the enemy. .We must hear in a few days wheth er t h e hopes will be realised of the publication of an extensive amnesty on the marriags of the Imperial Prince. AMSTERDAM, MAY 6.—The Prince de Joinville, third son of his Majesty the Ki ng o f t h e French, is ex pected here on a visit between the 10th and the 15th of this month. MORNING EDITION. LITERATURE. LIFE OF FE TRARCH. I' L ., . s . Colburn, London, 1841. In an advertisement prefixed to the firs t vol tune of this biographical memoir, Mr. Cam?' bell, the a u th or , in f orms us that he was led to undertake it more from accident than design. " It was known," he says, " that Archdeacon Coxe had bequeathed - to the library of the Bri tish Museum a manuscript life of the poet which, he had written. . M r . C o lb urn caused a copy 'o' it to be taken ; and, intending it for publication , requested me to be the editor. I readily ateeil , for as the Archdeacon had considerable .li.terarY reputation, I could not imagine that he hack left to a great public institution any work thtseiv o ill-digested and not worthy 'of perusal ; soIEA„ rounded myself with as many books coline'ol with the subject as I could obtain; and applied assiduously to the study of. Italian literature, which I had neglected fbr some. years:" (it fortunately, o n examining the ArcluleaCoal manuscript, Mr. Campbeikfound, not only that it was incomplete, stopping short of Tetrarch's death by twelve years, but that it was writtenin a diffuse, sprawling style, an d w i t h regard t o any spark- of poetical sympathy, was a mere canut 21 Z0111211211. Under these circumstance,r having employed some time and trouble in' col" suiting books and preparing mites, he resolved on writing the life himself, and the result is the volumes before us. These--so far as w e .can judge from a hasty perusal —appear to be writteli With a careful eye to the best authorities, and have assuredly the merit of conveying to the reader a lucid and diStinet idea of Petrarch's character as a man and as an author. A distinguished poet himself; and specially re markable for the polished graces of his style, Mr. Campb e ll is admirably qualified to appreciate these excellences in another. Accordingly, he gives all possible praise to the melody and elegance of Tetrarch's Italian Verses) speaking of them in terms of heart-felt enthu siasm, modified by good taste. 4, One ofthe high . charms of 'his poetical language," he tells us, "is it s p ure an d melting melody, 11 charm untransferable to any more northern tongue. It is true that no conformation of words will charm the ear, unless they bring silent thoughts of corresp on di ng sweetness to the mind; nor could the most sonorous vapid verses be changed into poetry if they were set to music of the spheres. It is scarcely necessary, however, to say that Tetrarch has intellectual gracesofthought, and spiritual felicities of diction,. without which his tactics in the mere march of: words would be a worthless skill." Mr. Camp' bell's estimate of the great Italian poet's worth as a man is equally favourable, fbr he assures is that "he was a faithful friend, and a devoted lover, and appears to have been one of the must fa.scinating beings that ever existed. Even when his failings are admitted, it must still be said that they leaned to virtue's side." We may add to this panegyric, that, acc ord-. ing to the best accounts we have been able t° gather—Petrarch was a sincere patriot ; superior, in many respects, to the superstitious prejudices of his age, and indefatigable in his endeavours to diffuse a generous and ennobling taste for all' cient learning among his countrymen. He was somewhat vain, it is true —more so than his bio grapher seems willing to admit—but this is scarcely to be wondered at, for he was strikingly handsome, and a general favourite whenevCrr he mingled in society. His youth, as he himself has told us, was marked by some excesses, but he soon grey tired of dissipation, and, while yet in the bloom of ma n h oo d, devoted himself almost exclusively to literature, which was his favourite pursuit through life. In detailing the particular' of his passion for Laura, Mr. Campbell has ju diciously followed the authority of De Sade- - Tetrarch's most authentic biographer —who WO great pains to collect all the information that was to be procured on the subject, and has established beyond dispute that, so far from" being a mere visionary creation of the poet's fancy, as was for many years supposed) Laura was a beautiful young married woman, daughter of a provincial nobleman, who bore her husband ten children ; and though she ad mired the talents of Petrarch, and was not alto; gether insensible to his passion, never allowed him to take a liberty unbecomin g her character: We have run over Mr. Campbell's Life of th. ls illustrious man with great pleasure, for it l‘, j neatly and spiritedly wr itt en, and shows tact a ri judgme n t i n it s con d ensat i on of facts. The eP's o _ dical portion, however, relative to the fal"., A I , — tribune Ri enz i, t h e poet's personal friend and contemporary, might have been enlarged, with any detrime n t to t h e i nterest of the worx• As the leading events of Petrarch's life are well known, we quote, in preference, the pa r ticultV of a tragical occ urrence which took place Wh i he was on his t rave l s i n hi s younger days, a an which, we believe, has not been noticed either by De Sade or Mrs. Dobson : Bishop Colotina and Petrarch had intended to re main for some time at Toulouse ; but their sojourn we' s abridged by their horror at a tragic event in the prin cipal monastery of the place. There lived i n that monastery a young monk, named Augustin who los expert in music, and accompanied the psalmody o f the religious brothers with beautiful touches on the organ. The superior of the convent, relaxing its discipline, per mitted Augustin frequently to mix with the world, in order to teach music, and to improve himself in the art' The young monk was in the habit of familiarly visiting the house of a respectable citizen : he was frequently in the society of his daughter, and, by the express encou ragement of her father, undertook to exercise her in the practise of music. Another young man, who was le love with the girl, grew jealous of the monk, who Ives allowed to converse so familiarly with her, whilst he, her lay admirer, could only have stolen glimpses of her as she passed to church or to public spectacles. He s et ... about th e ru i n of his supposed rival with cunning. atrocity ' • and, finding that th e y oung woman was infirm' in health, suborned a physician, as worthless as himself , to declare that she was pregnant. Her credulous father, without inquiring whether the intelligence was true or false, went to the superior of the convent, and accused Augustin, who, though thunderstruck at the accusation , denied it firmly, and defended himself intrepidly. B u t the superior was deaf to his plea of innocence, and ordered Mtn •to be shut up in his cell, that he might await his punishment" Thither the poor young man was conducted, and threw himself on his bed in a state of horror. The superior and the elders among the friars thought it a meet fate for the accused that he should be buried alive in a sub" terranean dungeon, after receiving the terrific sentence of " Vade in pacer." " What !" exclaimed the vietinl, with justifiable fury, " am I condemned, innocent and without a trial, to suffer a hundred times the pain of as ordinary death ; and you, ye impious butchers ! dare ye call yourselves the ministers of a merciful God ?" The • horrific sentence was, however, put into execution. At the end of several days the victim dashed out his brains against the walls of his sepulchre. Bishop Colonna, who, it would appear, had no p ower to oppose th i s hideous transaction, when he was informed of it, deter mined to leave the place immediately ; and Petrareh, in' • his indignation exclaimed—" Heu ! fuge crudeles terra* fuge littus avarmn." THE FAWN OF SPRIN G VALE. 3 Kis. Curry, Dublin, 1841. Some of the tales in these volumes have, it seems, appeared fro m ti me to time in the pages of the Dublin University Magazine, the princi pal one, however, the "Fawn of Spring Vale,'' is original, and m a y b e ranked among MP Carleton's most successful fictions, who wrote it by way of warning to sentimental boarding school Misses, that the indulgence of a first affection, and the nursing of it into the gre at business of their lives, is not only ep:regiouS folly, but frequently a source of calamity, both to themselves and those interested itt their des dic io tiny. usly Th worked is usefulout moral is f orc ib ly and ju . THE LIFE OF HENRY GRATTAN The ..•----- - third volume of this, important work is now before the world, and its materials prove to be, if possible, of still stronger interest and value, both personal and political, than those of the two preceding volumes. Many of the letters now for the first time made public, from the great political leaders of the day —such as Burke, Fox, the Marquis Wellesley, Lord Northington, Lord Ca s tl ereag h,, Lord Charlemont, th e D u k e o f Portland, General Bur goyne, &c., and in particular those of Henry Grattfat himself—are of the highest interest and importance, a nd some of them, those, for instance, of M r . F ox to Lord • Northington, and the replies to them—throw a new light on the crisis to which they relate. Some of the extracts, too, from Grattan's speeches display the most dazzling; eloquence, clothing the deepest political wisdom. The manner also, in which the personal and domestic life of the great Irish patriot is blended with his public c a reer, adds great interest and value to the work. DREADFUL SUICIDE AT LONDON -BRIDGE. On Friday afternoon about half-past four o'clock, a most dread ful act of Suicide was committed at London-bridge, by a re spectable young female, about twenty years of age, She had been observed for a short time previously to be pacing up a nd down the bridge in a state of great exciterner.i, which attracted the attention of City policemen William Wtiod, 538, and William Storey, 572, who were on duty on the bridge at th e time, and they watched her motions; b u t with singular rapidity, and be • fore they could rea , h to pr event h ier, she ascended the p a rapet over the centre arch and lekped into the river. In h er de scent she fell upon one of the starlings of the bridge, and from thence rebounded into the water. Two watermen who were in a skiff, and were passing through the bridge at the moment, observed the splash, and immediately made to the' spot, and succeeded in picking up the onfortunate g i r l. OD • being convey, d ashore and taken upon a stretcher to St.. Thomas's Hospital, it was found that she was quite dead. We are told that in the late cruize of part of the Toulon fleet, the ships were so wretchedly managed irx the bad weather they experienced, all were more or less damaged, and glad to get back to Herries Islands, and t sat the melancholy fact occurred of a line-of-battle-ship, in wearing, running down a tine large corvette which in-. stantly sunk, with all hands on board.—Hampshire Tele- LTaph.