The Sun. — London, England, 1841-02-27 00:00:00

MORNING EDITION THE CHINA SUN , " Which was lately RE-PUBLISHED, IS NOW ON SALE. Price SIXPENCE. Orders received at The Sun Office, No. 112 St and. IN PROGRESS, TB_ 141 RAILWAY SUN. With a MAP of all the RAILWAYS in the United Kingdom containing all the STA TIONS on each Railway, and a great variety of Information and other particulars connected with Railways. THE CORONATION SUN, PRINTED IN LETTERS OF GOLD, WITH A BEAUTIFUL PORTRAIT OF HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN, Can be sent by post free to all parts of the Em pire. Price SIXPENCE. Sun Office, 112, Strand, London. MR. PLUAIA WARD'S NEW W OitK. Preparing for publication, D E CLIFFORD; OR, THE CONSTANT MAN. By the Author of " Tremaine," " De Vere," &c. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. EDITED BY THEODORE HOOK, ESQ. THE MARCH NUMBER OF COLBURN'S NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE AND HUMORIST, Contains Fathers and Sons,by the Editor. They ife and Adventures of The Mend in Need, an Ex-' . Chesterfield, the Youth iravaganza after Sterne, by' of Genius, by Mrs. Trollope. Thomas Hoot!, Esq. Pellets for Prosers ! Might against. Right, a Ro- Anti-Pacification, by Laman mance of the Tyrol , by the; Blanchard, Esq. I ion. E. Phipps. IA Winter and Summer in Cana- Maria Louisa as Duchess of da, by Frederic Tolfrey, Esq, Parma. IThe French Press. Foreign Sporting, by Nimrod. Don't you wish get it ? - Morals and Manners of the 16th Literature of the Month. and 17th centuries. Henry Colburn, Publisher, I 1, Great Marlborough-street. ARMY AND NAVY. THE MARCH NUMBER OF rriFIE UNITED SERVICE JOURNAL, and NAVAL AND MILITARY MAGAZINE, Contains, among other important Papers: — The Fortifications of Paris ex- Voyages of the Adventure and /trained practically (with a Beagle. Plan). Personal Adventures and Ex- Ifilitary M athematics. cursions in Georgia, Circa, _ _ The British Colonies considered sia, and Russia, - by Lieut. - as Military Posts, by Lieut.- Colonel G. Poulett Came- Colonel Wilkie. ron, K. T. S., &c. England's Wooden Walls—The! Lines on the Loss of H. M. S. Sybille. I Fairy. Narative by Lieutenant Fred. Notices of Steam Navigation. J. White, R. M., of his Cap-,Our Naval Preparations. ture and Imprisonment by Stations of the British Army and the Carlists. I Royal Navy in Commission, _ _ _ _ _ _ The Mids of Other Days, by' Jonathan Oldjunk, R.N.—No. 11. Henry Colburn, Publisher, I on - Ist of March, 1841, &c. With all the Naval and Military Intelligence of the Month. 3, Great Marlborough-street. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. UNDER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS THIS EVENING. FEB. 27, Will be repeated Shalegpere's MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. Theseus, Mr. Cooper; Quince, Mr. Bartley; Bottom, Mr. Harley ' • Flute, Mr. Keeley • ' Snout, Mr. Meadows ; Snug, Mr. F. Matthews ; Hermia, Mrs. Nisbett ; Oberon, Madame Vestris ; Titania, Mrs. W. Lacy ; Puck, Miss Marshall; First Fairy, Miss Rainforth. After which the New Farce, in one act, entitled 'IHE CAPTAIN OF THE WATCH. Captain of the Watch, Mr. C. Mathews ; Baron Vander potter, Mr. Bartley ; Adolph de Courtray, Mr. J. Vining ; Kristina, Mrs. Walter Lacy ; Katryn, Mrs. Humby. To conclude with A COMIC SCENE between Mr. CHARLES MATHEWS and Mr. KEELEY, entitled TWO IN THE MORNING. On Monday, the Midsummer Night's Dream, with The New Pantomime. Doors to be opened at half-past Six—the performances to commence at Seven o'Clock. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First and Second Circles, ss. ; Second Price, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, 35.; Second Price, 25.; Gallery, I. Tickets and places for the Boats to be taken of Mr. Grogan, at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may DC had upon application. Private Boat. to be had so'ely of Mr. Andrews, bookseller 167. New Bond-street. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Entire Change.—Greater attration than ever.—Engagement of Mr. Collins. Second time these Four Years of " Paul Clifford, with the splendid Romance of " The Tower of London ;" the most powerful attraction that can be offered. THIS EVENING, FEB. 27, Will be acted the Operatic Drama of PAUL CLIFFORD. Paul Clifford (with all the Original Songs), Mr. Collins. After which the Domestic Drama of MARTHA WILLIS, THE MAID SERVANT. To conclude with the Grand Historical Romance, founded on ann THE TOWER OF LONDON. NEW STRAND THEATRE. Increasing Popularity—Raptures of Applause—Gratified Audiences. OPEN EVERY EVENING. Tl , e celebrated Mr. JACOBS, the Royal Ventriloquist, Modern Magician, and English Improvisatore, continues to at' rad very large and highly respectable audiences, who nightly testify their approbation in the most marked and decided man ner. The Press has unanimously pronounced him the best Ventriloquist since the days of Monsieur Alexandre. Tha Trick, surpass all that have been introduced by the Wizards or Magicians who have preceded him ; and the Exsemporaneous Song, on subjects proposed by the audience, elicits thunders of applause. Boxes, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, ls. 6d. ; Gallery, ls. Doors open at Seven o'clock, and commence at Half-past. Second price at a Quarter to Nine o'clock—Boxes, Is. 6d. ; Fit, Is. ; Gallery, 6d. Carriages to be in waiting twenty minutes past Ten. Mr. Seguin, 12, Regent-street, Pall Mall, it appointed sole Agent for disposal of the Private Boxes. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS -'AI. Writing 12 minutes after 5 Evening 31 minutes after 5 LONDON: SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1841. The Bishop of LONDON presented petitions in the House of Lords last night against grants to Maynooth, &c. The Destruction of Property (Ireland) Bill was read a second time. A brief conversation took place about the mail packet station, and Lord ASHBURTON characterised the Government plan as absurd. Their Lord ships then adjourned till Monday. The Commons read the Severn Navigation Bill a second time, after a brief discussion. Mr. HINDLEY presented an excellent petition from Ashton for a revision of the tariff. Several other petitions were presented. In answer to Mr. liumE, Mr. MAimn stated that an account of the expense of Lord C ARDI GAN'S trial might be laid before the House. Lord STANLEY'S Registration 13i11 was post. poned till Monday, when the Government Bill stands to be committed, and when Lord JOHN RUSSELL is to e xplain what he propose s t o d o. The House went into Committee on Lord IinANE'S Annuity Bill. r. ART moveto omit In the Commit tee Mth e E it a nt to the two next the words extending gr heirs, so as to confine to Lord KEANE for his life. Captain HAMILTON, he be who has before exhibited symptoms of an independent mind, though gretted a Tory, supported Mr. EIVART. that the people out of doors s h ould suppose that the go• rantin of a peerage and a pension must go hand in hand. Sir JOHN HOBHOUSE supported the original motion. After a short debate the Committee divided, and the original motion was carried by 177 to 74. The Bill went through the Committee unaltered. The East India Ittim Duties Bill also went through a Committee. • The Railways Bill was committed pro forma, to enable Mr. LABOUCHERE to introduce some amendment in it. irotion for a Bill to enable Municipa: Councils to borrow money on annuities was with• drawn. The House Adjourned. The late &bate has two very distinct fea tures, like most debates, namely, per sonalities and the public bearings of the sub ject in hand. The former we are disposed to leave to Members of the House o f Commons; it is a mere party weapon unworthy of public attention; on the latter we shall b eg leave to offer a few remarks. On the former we A Y. 'to -il'e,...emball however observe that Sir ROBERT PEEL ell -- • ( I N , , ,' . .0.:4 4.1W - "r'irs':c, +1 cured to win support by referring to the i.t"..r.,,,...,L ; \ Wtliliea contract between the Ministry of 1829 7 . A., t: 3 ,a +' 4zertain Itigh-flyino• Tories] who assented to tits 4 : ,_,,,4?i, icAN.—; , :;,,e.assinis of the emancipation Act on con_ 1 . . ~. ~t,____,,, ..:, 4 ,, 1 of extinguishile2; \-.--' 1:'31 r .,—. 41 ' '77 10111 C r:4, expecting thereb t y lle to i i.ti n , ,1--- -- ----, % , .i. : Rtlt3t 4 FLL in e - arryi ng r ii t ) y - -S e hi L ll o ill i.d g .:1.... a S - the Bill, 'on the ~. ground that the Whigs of that day were a party to the contract, and that Lord JOHN RUSSELL would be personally degraded if he did not ad here to it. Independently of the personalities of such an appeal, as if what Lord JOHN RUSSELL or any other person might have thought and done in 1829 was now to be an insuperable bar to doing justice to millions of people, the remark of Sir ROBERT PEEL has both an historical and moral interest. In 1829 we had a boroughmongering Parliament. The people were then far worse represented than now. The Peerage was avowedly packed by the Tories, corrupt and bi goted. Sir R. PEEL and his friends were com pelled by the pressure of circumstances to concede Catholic Emancipation ; they could not help themselves, but consulting only the two parties of the boroughmongering Parliament, and excluding the Irish Ca tholics, who compelled them to grant emanci pation, they patched up a compromise. Sir. R. PEEL and the Duke of WELLINGTON sacrificed the 40s. freeholders to their bigoted allies, and this most corrupt and scandalous bargain Sir R. PEEL in the year 1841, 'when the borough mongering Parliament with its authority has ceased for sotne years, has now the astonishing assurance to hold up to the representatives of the people, as a complete bar to all attempts to im prove the representation of Ireland, and to doing justice to that part of the empire. The nation went through almost the perils of a revolution to put an end to the boroughmonger ing Parliament; and yet Sir R. PEEL, with the simplicity of an aged matron, who never can for get that the mature man before her was once a child, and who insists on treating him as a child, preserves his affection and reverence for that corrupt assembly, and insists on this wiser gene ration being bound hand and foot by its scandalous bargains. Sir R. PEEL, unable to lift himself out of the political mire in which he has long grovelled, would make his own bargain with the Tory Lords of 1829—not the nation's bargain—the rule of our present conduct. This seems to us the historical interest of Sir ROBERT PEEL'S allusion. The moral interest is still higher. We are told to look on laws as the emanations of pure intelligence. They are described by-the Toriee as passionless justice. The Act of 1829 is some times spoken of as worthy of the great reputa tion of the Duke of WELLINGTON. It is de scribed as redeeming the character of Sir ROBERT PEEL from the accusation of mere routine, and stamping him a statesman. It is said to be a great act of justice, and that policy and wis dom presided at its birth. But Sir ROBERT PEEL'S description of the personal opposition it encountered from GEORGE IV.—of the bargain he was obliged to strike with his ultra-Tory friends in the House of Peers, sacrificing the 40s. freeholders to their prejudices or the presumed safety of the Cburch—degrades this great law, this model of policy and wisdom, to ii huckster ing, immoral bargain; in making which neither party cared a straw for justice, or even thought of what was due to it; but both sought, when they found they could no longer maintain a sys tem of gross oppression, to make as much profit as they could, preserving place and power, out of the compelled change. We never had a high opinion of Tory statesmen and their motives, but Sir R. PEEL'S description, on Thursday night, of the process by which the Catholic Emancipation Act was achieved, has increased our contempt for their principles and their conduct. Coming now to the public bearings of Lora MORPETH'S Bill, we are free to confess that they were not sufficiently explained by the Ministerial party. Lord JOHN RUSSELL did, indeed, ex plicitly and plainly say that the Ministers were compelled, by Lord STANLEY'S outrageous pro ceedings, to look out for some test of the fran chise; but the Ministers did not do justice to all the advantages of the rate-paying test. Saying nothing of the amount, the test itself is simple and easy of application. Those who will have to cirry it into operation are neighbours or resi dents, who can at once establish both the validity of the claim and the identity of the claimant. It will depend on no act of a man's own, but on the impartial valuation of others. Perjury will be annihilated by the annihilation of oaths. They will no longer be taken. If there must be a test at all of electoral capacity, we cannot imagine one superior to being assessed to the poor-rates, which is admirable for its simplicity, and will, we hope, ere long, be universally adopted. Now, what disadvantage—what public injury —what evil to the empire will accrue from adopt ing it? The only Tory who deliberately dis cussed this important part of the question was Sir ROBERT PEEL; and his arguments, assuming that 5/. was to be the sum, all went to prove that it would make a more extended suffrage than household suffrage—that it would revive a more dependent class of voters than the decried and abolished 40s. freeholders, and would swamp the independent constituency. The Right lion. Baronet quite - fbrgot to explain how it would make a more extended class of voters than household suffrage, seeing that in Ireland there are multitudes of householders not rated to the poor, and that Lord MORPETH proposes that the householder must be rated at 51., and must have a fourteen years' lease. But he seems to have founded the absurd assertion on an argument of Mr. THESIGER, without understanding its bearing. Mr. THESIGER explained that landlords might let their land at a nominal rent, with a condition that if the tenant did not perform the covenant the landlord should have a right to enter and take possession. Such a lease would be the same as a lease for years, and the result would be that the constituency might be multiplied at the plea- Sure of the landlords, and the independency of the constituency destroyed. That argument, founded altogether on the presumed roguery of the land lords, and their deterinination to set aside for their own purposes the laws they themselves make, was in an unfortunate moment adopted by Sir R. PEEL, and after proving that the landlords, by their conduct in creating 40s. freeholders, are capable of committing any sort of legal scoun drelism, he went on to prove, for more than a quarter of an hour, that the landlords would per vert the rate-paying test to the creation of a great body of dependent voters who would be at their command. This argument, founded wholly . on the presumed roguery of the land lords, invented by the Nisi Prius lawyer, and greedily adopted by the statesman, was repeated ad nauseam to the landlords behind him, and was as much cheered by them as if he had convicted the "turbulent demo cracy" of all the vices the Tories lay to their charge. To show what the Right Hon. Baronet thinks and says of his friends the Irish land lords, and how he expects they will pervert the law, we must quote a short passage from his speech : Let Hon. Gentlemen observe the influence operating upon the landlords ; the double influence of gain and po litical power; because it clearly appeared from the report cf their own Commissioners that small holdings let at much higher rents than large ones, and that there was greater competition for a small quantity of land than for a large quantity. There was evidence that the rent paid in the county of Armagh, when it came to the • test of value by the rat', was rated at a quarter or one-fifth that being paid. TLia, then, was a great inducement to divide property into small holdings, the landlord gaining a great increase; but superadded to that was another motive— that of political influence. . . . Was it fa;r that po litical influence should be attached to such improper and corrupt use of land? A man would make freeholds, who founsi by so doing he could exercise great power in the country. This measure had a tendency in an evil direc tion—namely, to the subdivision of the land, A an... the progress of improvement.to arrest The sum, then , of Sir R. PEEL'S argument, borrowed from ill.. THESIGER, though elabo rated in his own way, and repaid by f requent cheers, was, that as the landlords had perverted the old law by creating 40s. freeholders, so they would pervert the new law by making a great number of small leaseholders for more than 14 years, reserving a power to turn them out of their holdings. How well he knows the landlords, how admirably he depicts them. We demur not to the character he gives of his friends, the truth of which they admitted by their cheers, but he has jumped to a hasty conclusion ; and even at the risk of making the landlords less black than, he has painted them, we must point out the in consistencies of which his factious opposition made him guilty. When the landlowrasds n made o o m r - u l l a t l i v t u i d n e s I r o e f l a 4 n O d s .. freeholders, th ere s t a rve at their p com pel them, if they mult o t t l i di g n g t s h , e t i o r They could then doloemasuthree.ir uTnhheapppoyotre-a provide for the pe o p le. a heavy burden on their B i estates they will impose p y ly n s o m w a s ll p h li n income, and we will answer for the Protestant landlords not now destr o ying their estates to create a larg e Roman4os Cfraetehhoehicdeic.sonswetirteuesenrcfys; and they were abolished because they threw off The latter their dependence on the landlor d s: have profited by experience, and w will not repeat . l th e the errors they committed prior to 18s2i.b9i. Sir ROBERT was at one momentse n H Bi e ll sa to id ex th te a n t d th t e he M f i r n a i n s e te h r i s se h , had and thenbrought h u e proved e eof this. by the present conduct of the landlords refusing p to grant leases, that it would not extend the franchise. But that was only a momentary gleam of good sense. Mr. THESIGER domineered ' over him, and he went on to prove, with mar vellous inconsistency, that the landlords wopld grant almost innumerable leases, and make a worse constituency than the 40s. freeholders. It is now admitted on both sides that the landlords, et cp e'N 4 ', • 1 Sul , .• • - P4 2 *4 r • ;. o ) „ aMivu..421311 `"`i Ziht un4 though they will get as much profitand as much political influence under the present system, from splitting their estates, as under the rate-paying test, will not grant leases, and are exerting themselves in every possible way to limit the franchise. To enable them effectually to do that, is the object of Lord S TANLEY 'S Bill; and yet SIT ROBERT PEEL as serted—and asserted of the men who have suf fered so much from creating voters—that they will, under Lord MORPETH'S Bill, make a larger constituency than household suffrage. A more marvellously inconsistent argument we never heard, and yet that bug-a-boo was all that Sir ROBERT PEEL could object to the rate-paying test, supposing the amount to be fixed at 5/. When we heard him dwell with such elabo rate minuteness on the miseries of the 40s. free holders, in order to frighten the House, by put ting before them the idea of the Protestant land lords making a great Catholic democracy, we were forcibly reminded of the horror he excited against the Irish when the Coercion Bill was un der discussion, by disinge nuous ly quo ti ng a pa thetic account of a murder committed 30 years before. There was a host of dependent voters, argued Sir R. PEEL, created under the old and a totally different law by the ignorant and innocent landlords, and therefore he affirmed that the bitter and informed landlords will do the same under the new law. This was the only argument this statesman urged against a measure which is to satisfy the bulk of the Irish. Poor Sir ROBERT. He is a sorry advocate of a cause he knows to be a bad one. His fallacies are of the head, and are trans parent. Lord STANLEY'S are of the heart, and are made consistent by his bad passions. In spite of the observation of the Standard, that " there is no living orator with whom the Right Honour able Baronet can be compared without a dispa ragement of his merits, and that last night he excelled even himself," we must assert that he was as much overtopped by the thorough-going Lord STANLEY and even by the bigoted and heavy GRAHAM; as he himself overtopped Mr. MILNE or Mr. LASKILL. To oratory, sense and consistency are necessary as well as sound and manner; but Sir R. PEEL'S speech, though it told well on his Tory claquers, was remarkably deficient in sense and full of inconsistency. Re membering his eulogium last year on manufac turers, and looking at his bitter satire on Thurs day evening against the landlords, we must con clude that Sir ROBERT'S reign as the political chief of the Tory landlords is at an end. It is quite right that t'ne people of England should be continually reminded that the authors of the accursed Bread-tax, the landlords of Eng land and Ireland, are the persons who especially seek to narrow and destroy the franchise in Ire land. Lord STANLEY has avowed this, and Mr. SHELL pointed it out in the debate, and was not contradicted. From the same class of men, then, the English receive starvation and the Irish sla very. In this we see an ample reason why the people of England should make common cause with the Irish, as they are doing at Manchester, Liverpool, and other populous places, in resisting the meditated aggression of Lord STANLEY, and in supporting the measure of defence proposed by Lord MORPETH. No man who has looked at passing events in Ireland, who has heard of the cruel manner in which the suffering and patient people have been rooted out from the homes of their fathers, and who knows that the great mass are reduced to the very lowest state of social existence, can be at all surprised at the great desire of the Irish landlords to control and usurp the franchise. The 'preservation of their ruinous power, and the ex istence of the least particle of freedom, are thoroughly incompatible. They must put it down, extinguish it, trample it out, or it will rise up in judgment against them, and shove them from their stools. They never knew any of the kindly ties which did once fill the rustic population ofEngland with love and respect for the landowners. Of a different religion from the people, they have long been nothing but oppressors, and the people no better than slaves. The least portion of freedom would help the latter out of this condition, and the Irish landlords perpetually try to crush it as it grows, in order to prevent it stifling their ruin ous power. The English landlords are, we admit, very bad, quite bad enough; but there being no differ ence of religion here to exasperate the great feud between industry plunged in poverty, and idleness lapped in wealth, and maintaining power by injustice, they do not appear so very bad as the landowners of Ireland. We therefore are surprised that they should, by making common cause with the most useless class of men in existence, not to say the most mischievous—for we believe they are surpassed by the endowed priesthood—in inflicting injuries and insults on the Irish degrade themselves still more in public esteem, and hasten their Own ex tinction. But they are not sensible, we are afraid, of the state of public opinion, or they would be more anxious to make reparation, and, if possi ble, win back lost esteem than to add by outrages on Ireland to the distate with which they are re garded. • Let us therefore remind them that for many months this Journal has habitually described the bread-taxers as no better than robbers and mur derers, and has repeatedly brought overwhelming evidence to prove that they largely plunder and cruelly starve the people out of existence. Now these accusations and this language have been repeated again and again at most of the Anti- Corn-law meetings, and in most of the Anti-Corn law journals of the empire. They have made— unanswered and unrefuted as they have been, though not unnoticed—a very deep impression on the public, and the bread-taxing landlords are now generally described as plunderers ..and murderers by means of law: To suppose that sentiments corresponding to those words have not grown up, and that words have lost their in fluence, is contradicted by all experience, and the landlords have accordingly become objects of public contempt and hatred. • We will place before our readers two distinct proofs of this : Mr. MARSHALL, in his celebrated letter to Earl FiTzwlLLlAm,,which Sir JAMES GRAHAM quoted on Tuesday night in the House of Commons, after referring to " the desti tute condition of both agricultural and manufac turing labourers," "reduced to the verge of death by hunger," after declaring that " the laws deprive the people of food," after affirming that all this sad misery is of "man's ordinance and contriving," adds, I have not space to depict one-tenth part of the misery that THE CRUEL LAWS OF OUR ARISTOCRACY heap upon our people." Who, then, is Mr. MARSHALL, so speaking of the cruel laws of the aristocracy? An opulent man, an aristocrat himself in his own way. One of that class whose highest ambition it is to be trans . planted into the ranks of the landed aristocracy ; but he cannot shut his eyes to the painful con-. viction of their misdeeds, and he publicly brands them as the authors of the destitution, starva tion, - and misery of the people. Again, we have lying before us " A Letter to the Duke of Wellington, by a Forfarshire Merchant," printed at Arbroath, in the eastern part of Scotland (a letter, • be it said by the way, which is. excellent, and we regret that want of space has hitherto prevented us from noticing it), and this letter, which is a well reasoned pro duction, highly and deservedly complimentary to the Duke of WELLINGTON, has passages like these : Squalid poverty, no longer confined to the merely dissolute, is now almost universal amongst the working classes through out the manufacturing districts. It is idle, in such circum stances—nay worse, it is madness—to think of stifling the cry for bread by rhetorical flourishes and lordly sneers. Either the Corn-laws must be abolished, or my Lord of Buckingham in the one House, and the pious Mr. Gla lstone in the other, must obtain the sanction of the Legislattre. to a Bill for razing to the ground Manchester, Birmingham and Leeds, and Glas gow, Paisley and Dundee, and consigning to the deep seas our principal maritime towns. But, without the interference of your Grace, this act of justice may be procrastinated—procrastinated till questions may arise, not amongst the common people only, but amongst the educated, the calm, the prudent middle classes; questions which would nut merely embrace the right of a given number of individuals to confer exclusive privileges on their own class, but would extend to the still more dangerous inquiry —upon what tenure land itself was held ?—thus suggesting ideas sub ver:ive of the whole social edifice, and calculated to peril the Constitution itself. One, certainly, of the proximate causes of the French Revolution, was the immunities and privileges enjoyed by the Noblesse. Look to the Corn-laws, the Sugar, the Coffee, the Timber-laws ; look, in short, to the whole of our table of Import Duties, and say if it have not been indus triously framed to protect the landowner, at the expense of the rest of the community ? The existence, for so long a period, of such a monstrous sys tem of international policy as ours, can only be ascribed to that leaning to aristocracy—to that servile worship of every man who owned a few acres of land—which, at one time, was so striking a peculiarity of the national character; but 6' lempora mutantur, et nos mutamur in illis !" The illusion is vanished. Lord and laird are estimated now only according to their intrinsic worth —according to their wil lingness to do good to, or to injure their fellow-raen. The effects of cheap literature are beginning to make men think, and to talk about what they never thought or talked of before. The so-called representatives of the people may shout and howl d T of he op n p e r x e t sso g r e s neral election when the question of the Corn-laws is under consideration, but o h l: n b d an . will So comes the reckoning, when the banquet's o'er— ebuotfiotnheiswaht The dreadful reckoning—and men smile no more I" when such sentiments,uttered by a For- Now, • • f. the dayseal otfher are to be traced through the extre mity of Scotland, dth of the land, it is idle folly in the farsh ire Merchant, writing fr om nearly the length andbrea lan d own ers to suppose that they can any long er car ry things with a high, band. Nor would they persist in so doing were they not grossly ignorant of the great change which has taken place in the feelings and opinions of their countrymen. Above all, they would not, under the guidance of such a petulant piece of clay as Lord STAN LEY, who changes his opinions with his party, burden themselves with the additional odium which belongs to the landlords of Ireland. Unhappily they labour under the worst errors of conceit. They believe it is wisdom to have an overweening confidence in their own order, and distrust for every other class of men. They act on what is called principle, or on a political theory—the theory of the Tories—when they disregard the multitude, and tell us, through their helps of the Press, the Post, Herald, Standard, and Times, that the many are to be trampled on, their wishes to be despised, their opinions laughed at, and their feel ings made the object of aristocratic scorn. Fatal delusion ! As surely as " the heart leaps kindly back to kindness," so surely does distrust excite distrust, and hatred, hatred. But without the confidence of the people the aristocracy is nothing. Its power is based on their trusting disposition. The veneration of the multitude is the very soul of its existence, and to proclaim aloud distrust of the people is to break the neck of their own importance. It was not so their ancestors either gained or preserved their station. They were adored by the followers who achieved their greatness. We will not, however, yet be lieve that the gentlemen of England are com pletely mad, and res9lved on self-destruction. There is still an opportunity to save themselves. Let them throw overboard their apostate guides, the Belials and Mephistopheles, the alien ene mies and the scorners of the multitude, whom they have unhappily placed at their head; let them return to their ancient faith in the people and do them justice, so shall their days be low , in the land, and so shall they again reign in the hearts and affections of the people. Madrid Journals of the 18th instant have come to hand : By a decree of the Bth, the Regency had appo . inted M. An tonio Gonzales, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo tentiary of Spain, in London. The Five per Cents. were done on the 18th at 28 1-32 for cash, and at 286 at 60 days. 31. Antonio Gonzalev arrived in Path on Tuesday, and was to leave for London on Wedne:day evening. The French journals of Wednesday have_all reached us. The Constitutionnel, the Courrier Francais, and the Commerce have all articles on the financial embarrassments of the French Go vernment. On the first of March there will not be more than sixty millions of francs (30,0001.) in the Treasury—a sum inadequate to defray the ordinary expenses of the Administration. "The Minister of Finance," says the Courrier Fran cais, "has not been able to issue Treasury bills except for the small sum of thirty-nine millions of francs, and that at an interest of three-and-a half per cent. for six months, and four per cent. at a year. Two years ago the Treasury could get plenty of money at two per cent., and now indi viduals can borrow as much as they want at the same rate. The credit of the State is infinitely worse than that of individuals." What a com ment this upon the war policy,! Here is another of M. TRIERS bitter legacies to France ! A Correspondent of the Constitutionnel states, that the King of PRUSSIA sent Baron BROCK HAUSEN to Paris, to make a last effort to induce the King of the FRENCH to discontinue the ar maments. The Baron Was well received at the Tuileries by M. GUIZOT. • Count BRESSON has returned to Paris from Berlin, to be present at the debate in the Peers on the Fortifications Bill. The Chamber of Peers on Monday granted a further respite of ten days to the Editor of the National, whose appearance was prevented by extreme ill health. TRIESTE, FEB. 11.—Letters from Athens say that the ac counts respecting the finances of the kingdom continue to be favourable. It is said that there are above three millions of drachmas in the Treasury, and a short time ago a million francs was remitted to France in payment of the interest of the loan. BOURSE.-PARIS, WEDNESDAY, FEB. 24. ?'rat Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Pricv. Price frei:ch 5 per Cents ill ... 113 .. 112 75 ... 112 $5 456 per Cents _. 102 ,0 ... 1 , 2 4) ... lil2 40 ... 102 40 4 per Cents lOO «. 100 ... 100 .. 100 3 per Cents 76 40 70 40 ... 71i 30 ... 76 10 Rani. 01 trance Litlitte Bank 1,0001. 5h.... 1045 ...1015 ...1045 ...1045 50001. Stares 5152 50 ...5152 50 ...5152 50 ...5152 50 Belgian Bank . ....... 867 50 ... 892 50 ... 887 50 ... 802 50 S per Cents."... ..... 100 ... 100 ... 100 ... 100 3 per Cents (9 53 ... 61) 50 ... 69 50 ... 69 50 - New Loan NO ... 1.0% ~. 100 ... 10(A' Vanish Active “Ti ... 24% ... t:4si s.. 245 Passive 6 ... 6 ... 6 ... 6 Neapolitan lOl 80 ... 101 80 ... 101 60... iOl £0 Roman .... 101 ... 101 ... 101 ... 101 RAILWAY SHARES. St r ermain Versaiiics,R. B 422 50 ... 422 50 ... 417 50 ... 417 50 1.13. 325 ... 325 ... 320 ... ni Orleans .. .............. itralburg to Bale 212 50 ... 242 30 ... 242 50 ... 241 50 NE.WPAPEIt STAMPS. Extract from a Return to an Order of the House o f Ourrimette, cigted. 2cl Teirre3mvyy 1841, - for th© following London Papers, from the Ist of July to the 31st of December, 1840, inclusive : SUN ......... 636,000 GLOBE .... 526,000 STANDARD 505,000 C0UR1ER........ 111,000 MONEY and COMMERCIAL NE WS. CITY, FRIDAY EVENING. The high rates paid in the Stock Exchange for discount accommodation have bad the effect of keeping down the value of the Funds. Consols for immediate transfer have been marked 883 to 883, and for time 893 to 893. The rate of continuation to-day was B to 3per gent:, till 15th April. Exchequer Bills brought SR. to 7s. premium, and India Bonds were Iss. discount• Bulk Stock was at an advance to 166 and 167, and India Stock was nominally without alteration ; the New Tbrte•and-a. Half per Cents. brought 97 to 3, and the Three per Cents. 893 to 883. The half-monthly account in the Foreign Mirket - wa3 settled to-day, and attracted scarcely any notice, from its extreme insignificance. Spanish Active Bonds have al ternated since the 12th instant not more than I Portu guese only 3, Mexican 3, and Brazilian 14 per cent. Money is at present rather scarce in the Stock Exchange, and it is pet haps so far lucky that the fluctuations have not been mere considerable. Spanish Active Bonds were marked to-day at 233 to 24, Portuguese New. Five per Cents. at 313 to 3, Colombian of 1824. at 223, Mexican at 273 to f, Brazilian at 72 to 3, Buenos Ayres at 25 ; Russian Bonds were firm at 1131, Danish brought 773, and Dutch Five per Cents. 993 to At Amsterdam, on Tuesday afternoon, the Two-and-a-Half per Cent,. closed at 503 to 7.l6ths, and the. Five per Cents. at 97 15-16 to 98. The Railway Shares Were this at ernoon 'again rather more dealt in, but the s peculation s having been recently in favour of a dectir.e, tho account has sent down prices a little. Great Western w ere 23 to 21k; the New 10 to ioi ; the Fifths 5 ; the South Western 17k ; and the York and North Midland 25f premium. Brighton Shares were 71 to 71 ; Blackwell 5 ; Northern and Eastern 27; North Midland 27 ; Birmingham and Gloucester 22 ; and South Eastern 16f discount. British North American Bank Shares were 5f discount. This afternoon the Foreign Exchanges were again bet ter, the improvement being more decided than for some post days past. The rate for bills on Paris was 25f. 60c. to 65r. ; on Hamburgh, 13 7/ to 8 ; on Amsterdam, 12 3/ to f ; on Antwerp, 12 2* to i; on Frankfort, 149/; and un Trieste, 10 lf to 2i. ( From The Sun of Last Night.) LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, THURSDAY, FEB. 25.—The Sales to-day are 4,000 bags, chiefly American,at previous rates. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, FES. 25.—Lancaster and Preston 32k; London and South Western, Tenths, 18 prem. ; Manchester and Leeds, 75i; Ditto Halves, 32i 33 • London and Birmingham, 169 1 17%; South Eastern and Dover, 17 17i ; Great Western, 88i 89i ; Manchester and Liverpool District Bank, 101,10 i ; Union Bank of Manchester,%. We have received the Journal of Antwerp of yesterday's date. BOURSE OF AMSTERDAM, FEB. 23 —The notice that Ow Government will not make use of the extraordinary resourc, s during the first six months, has had a good influence on the prices of our national funds, which in general were sought after; the Integrals got up to 50a ; the Actions of the Society of Commerce were done at 160 h. Ardoin's Spanish was not animated, but continued firm after the closing, they were 22 3-16 i; Coupons, 21 7-16. The Society of Commerce of the Pays Bas have announced their public sale for the spring, which will take place on the 11th, 18th, 22d, and 31st March, comprehending 40,258 sacks of Sugar, 397,130 bales, and 572 futaides of Coffee, and 1,588 of Muscade. This being pay :day for the ,settlement of. the Account in the British Market yesterday,' the brokers and jobbers are chiefly employed in giving their checks for the various balances, in consequence of which little is doing to the present time in either of the Markets. Consols opened this morning at the leavi n g -o ff quotations of yesterday, 8 84 4 for Money, and 894 4 for the Account, 15th April ; Exchequer Bills 5 7 prem. ; India Stock 247 248. In the Foreign Market Spanish Active a shade lower, left off hcho.:ndr-ca-tli Western e f s perr 24 25 t 3 pl' . 234 244, at p resen t 234 24 ; D e ferred 12* % ; Passive 54 64 ; Portuguese 314 4 ; Three per Cents 19 9 ; Brazilian 7.19 724 ; Buenos Ayr es 24 26 ; C o l om bian 224 23 ; Mexican 274 28 ; Du 504 ew. ; New 104 114 prem. ; %; Five per Cents. improved, 999 9. is t ar T e w s.Ga London and B r i g ht on , 7% dis. ; Blackwell, 5% 5 dis. ; Bir mingham, 79 81 prem. ; Southampton, 57 58 per share ; Croydon, 114 124 per share ; Greenwich, 84 per share ; Man chester and Birmingham, 16 15 dis. PRICES OF SHARES THIB DAY AT ONE. IILAILILWAYS. Paid. Per Share. Great Western Ditto Fifths London and South Western ...... 384...... 56 ... This being the settling day in the Foreign Market, and the Account not being to any great extent, it is generally expected that it will go off well. Up to the present. hour no mischief has occurred. Money is rather tight in some instances. Yes terday 8 per cent. was given for a loan for a few days. We hear that the respectable house of Montefiore Brothers have failed for 100,0001.—Cousins to Sir Moses Montefiore, late Sheriff of London. Mauritius papers received to the 28th of December, but they are void of intelligence. Consols are not quite so good as in the morning, 894, have been 894 for the Account, 15th April; for Money, 889; Exchequer Bills 5 6 prem. ; Bank Stock, 167 166 ; India Bonds, 15 discount. In the Foreign Market Spanish Active, 24 ; Deferred, 121; Portuguese, 311 ; Three per Cents., 19A ; Brazilian, 72 ; Columbian, 221 ; Mexican, 27 ; Dutch Two-and-a- Half per Cents. 50g ; Five per Cents., 994. In Shares little doing.—Great Western, 88 ex di v. ; Fifths, 9ex div.; South Western, 56 ex div. CLOSING PRICES. FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per cent Portuguese, 5 per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent Ditto, New Ditto..... 31i Brazilian Bonds... 72i Prussian, 5 per cent.... BuenosAyres, 6 percent 25 Russian, 5 per cent. . . 1134 Chiba'', 6 per cunt Colombian, 6 percent... Spanish, 5 per cent Ditto, 1824 221 Ditto, Deferred ... 12 Danish, 3 per cent..... French,s per cent... —f —c. Greek.lB2s, 5 per cent. Exchange —f —c. Mexican, 5 per cent ... 274 French, 3 per cent —f. —c. Di to, 6 per cent, 1825 Dutch, 24- per cent soi I'eruvian,lB2s,6 per ct. Ditto, 5 per cent..... 99i SHARES. Birmingham and Gloucester Railway (100 p) 76 Great Western Railway (65 paid) 874 Ditto New Shares (50 paid) Ditto Fifths ( 4 paid) 9 Liverpool and Manchester (100 paid) — Ditto Quarter Shares (25 paid) . London and Blackwall Railway (224 pd) 16i London and South Western 56 Northern and Eastern (40 paid) ...... .... , 13 North Midland Railway (i 00 paid) 73 Ditto New Shares (40 paid) ... ......... South Eastern and Dover (33 paid)... 167 York and North Midland Railway (50 pd) 754 COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY.) Amsterdam C F. 12 WGibraltar Ditto, at sight Rotterdam 2 U. 12 6 Genoa Antwerp l2 54 Milan Hambursh... M.B. 13 104 Venice Altona.... ......... ....... 13 11 :Naples 404 Paris, 3 days' sight 25 45 Palermo, per oz 1194 Ditto, 3 months 25 70 , Lisbon ... 52 Marseilles... .. ...... .... 25 75 :Oporto . ... Bourdeaux... ...... . .... 25 75 ' Rio Janeiro 2B Frankfort on Maine....l49A- (Bahia 27 Petersburgh, 3 U 5...,., 371- 'Buenos Ayres — Berlin 7 0 New York, 21 days'sight 464 Vienna, effec. fl. 3 M lO 2 ;Philadelphia Trieste, ditto Madrid Cadiz Bilboa 35 ;New Doubloons 0 0 0 Barcelona Seville 35 'Silver in Bars 05 04 ME EIE VIET ALI AND THE FOUR POWERS. The Augsburg Gazette publishes a memorandum of the London Conference, addressed to Chekib Effendi, and dated London, 30th January, 1841 : " The undersigned Plenipotentiaries of Austria; Great Bri tain, Prussia, and Russia, have maturely considered the des patch of Reschid Pacha, dated December the Bth, from Con stantinople, and communicated by Chekib Pacha to Lord Palmerston and to the representatives of the other Powers, having signed the Treaty of the 15th of July. This com munication states that his Highness the Sultan hesitates to grant to Mehemet Ali the hereditary government of the pachalick of Egypt. The undersigned, after devoting their utmost attention to the circumstances of the ease, have unanimously determined to beg of Chekib Effendi to communicate the following considerations to the Su blime Porte. They first deem it their duty to remark, that at the date of the above despatch of Reschid Pacha the representatives of the Four Powers had not taken in com mon that step which was resolved on in London on the 15th of October, and that at the latest news from Constantinople of December '27, the envoys in that city had not felt obliged to lay before his Highness the Sultan the resolutions of the Powers. liut the views of the Allied Courts have not varied. Sepa rated by considerable distance, and not deeming it necessary to come to a new understanding, they had forwarded commu nications to their envoys in Constantinople, which bore all the character of being their unanimous opinion. The Govern ment of her Britannic Majesty addressed, under date of De cember 17, instructions to their representative in Constantino ple, confirming the resolution of the 15th of October. The Court of Vienna wrote in the same spirit to its ham-nuncio on the '29th of December. The Court of Berlin adhered to the same, and the Russian Cabinet wrote in the same spirit on the '23d of Decamber. The undersigned, therefore, permit themselves to hope, that the counsels that must have been given by the four representatives in this sense may have had amarked influence on the views, and removed the uncertainty, which Reschid Pacha describes as prevailing irz the sentiments of the Sublime Porte, In order, however, to remove this uncertainty altogether, the Four Powers deem it best to lose no tima, arid not await any further communications from Constantinople, and to express fully the views of their respective Gairts, as had been already communicated by word of mouth. Their view is to invite the Sultan to employ mildness and magnanimity, and not only to recall the act of Mehemet's deposition, but promise him that his descendants in direct line shall be named to the post of Pacha of Egypt, as often as the death o f th e P ac h a leaves a vacancy. In asking the Porte to show this favour to Mehe met, the Four Powers do not put forth any new idea, but merely repeat the views—entertained by the Sultan himself at the commencement of the Eastern crisis—views which served as the basis for the Convention of the 15th of July. In giving this counsel, the Four Powers are persuaded that they recom mend nothing contrary to the sovereignty or lawful authority of the Sultan, or what would impede the duties which the Pacha ought to fulfil as a subject of the Sultan, called by him to govern a province of the Ottoman empire. This is not only estab lished by the 3d, sth, and 6th articles of the Act separately attach ed to the Convention ofJuly 15, but also by the instruction address. ed by the Four Powers to their envoys. By paragraph sth of the above Act, it was established that all conventions or laws then in force, or to be in force throughout the empire, should be in force in the pachalic of Egypt, as well as in Wiser provinces. This condition, which the Your Court§ consider indispensably necessary, creates, in their eyes, the, fastest bond to tie Egypt to Turkey and the Ottoman empire. l'aragraph 6 establishes, that the sea and land force of Egypt must be fully available for the service of the empire. Lastly, it was established in the conclusions of the 15th of October, in London, and the instruc tions of ilici4th of Novembtr, fi.,,irq; from them, that If Me hemet Ali or his successor should break through the condition on which the hereditary Government of E g ypt was con fid e d t o him, his title might be revoked. _ _ " The undersigned believe that the full accomplishment of these conditions must meet the wishes of the Sultan, as well as of the Four Courts, and attain the great aim of pac.fication meditated by the Convention of July 15. The sultan was henceforth certain of the obedience of his Pacha ; the population of the province was secured against the mis government of the last years, and Mehemet Ali and his family had their future position guaranteed without breaking through his dependence on the Porte. " ESTERHAZY. " BULOW. " PALNIERSTON. " London, Jan. 30, 1841." " BRUNOW. COURT CIRCULAR, The Queen had an evening party on Thursday a' Buckingaam Palace. Her Majesty's private band was in attendance and performed is the Grand Saloon during the evening. Among the company were the Belgian Minister and Madame Van de Weyer ; the Baron de Bourqueney, French Charge d'Affaires; Count Esterhazy. the Mar quis and Marchioness of Douro, Earl and Countess of Minto, and the Ladies Elliot, the Countess of Uxbridge, the Ladies Elconora and Constance Paget, Lord Paget, Lady Frances Cowper, Lady W. Stanhope, Lady Isabella Wemyss, Lady Adelaide Paget, Lord George Pagct, Lord Leveson, Sir Henry and Lady Wheatley and the Misses Wheatley, Mr. George Edward Anson, and Mr. James Howard. The Queen and Prince Albert walkei yesterday fore noon in the garden of Buckingham Palace. Vit.cuunt Melbourne had au a•adience of her Majesty yesterday. Her Majesty and Princ3 Albert honoured the Hay market Theatre with their p:esence last evening. The Royal Suite included the Marchioness of Normanby. Hon. Miss Pagtt, Lord Poltimorc, Sir Frederick Stovin, Colonel Wernyss, Colonel Wylde, and Captain Seymour. Prince Albert honoured Mr. A. Penley with a second sitting on Thursday morning at Buckingham Palace. Her Majesty and Wince Albert inspected yesterday the full-length engraving by,R3a l l, of Nicholas the First, Em peror of all the Russia?, from the original portrait painted in Russia, the gift of his Imperial Mejeaty to the incorpo rated body of Russia Merchants in England, which was submitted at Buckingham Palace by Mr. Moon. Also the finished full-length engraving by Cousins, of the Grand Duke' of Russia, alter A. E. Chalon, R. A., pre. vions to their being forwarded to the Emperor. The Duchess of Gloucester visited her Majesty the Queen Dowager yesterday at Marlborough House. The Duke of Sussex had a dinner party yesterday eve ning, at his residence in Kensington Palace. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, was among the company. . A deputation consisting cf Messrs. Lucas, D. Henri ques, J. Leon, and Stiebel, had an interview with Lord John Russell yesterday at the Colonial-office. The Committee on Education of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, had a meeting yesterday after noon in she Council Office. The Lords present were. the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Earl of Clarendon, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Sir George Grey. Sir William Celebr..oke had an interview yesterday with Lord John Russell, at the Colonial-office. A Deputation, headed by Mr. Lucas, and including Messrs. David Q. Henriques, Hozier, Stiebel, and J. J. Leon, bad an interview with Mr. Labouchere on Thurs day, at the office of the Board of Trade. The Judicial Committ , e of the Privy Council sat yes sterday. The Lords pr,sent were Lord Brougham, Mr. Baron Parke, Mr. Justice Bosanquet, and the Judge of the Admi.alty Court. Sir E. East sat as a Privy Coun. cillor with the Committee. The Hon. William Bathurst was the Clerk of the Council in waiting. Mr. Wigram, Queen's Counsel, for the appellant, and Messrs. Lloyd and Edmund Moore for the ie3pondent, were heard in an appeal from Bombay, "Jug-jeewundas Kceha Shah v. Ramdass Brij•bookundass." Mr. Miler, Queen's Counsa, replied f r the apt ellar,r. Mr. Baron Parke gave judgment, that their Lordships would advise her Majesty to reverse the decree of the Court of Sadder Dewanny Adawlut, and tr confirm the decree of the Zillah Court. Their Lordships also gale costs to the appellant. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. • ARRIVALS. The Duke and Duchess of Leeds, in Bond-street, from Hornby Castle, Yorkshire; Lord Calthorpc, in Grosvenor square, from Brighton ; Lady Macdonald, from Scotland ; Count and Countess Creptowitch, at Mivart's Hotel, from Paris; Sir Theodore and Lady Broadhead, from Richmond; Mr. C. W. Codrington, M.P., in St. James's-place, from Badminton, the seat of the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort; Sir Courtenay Boyle, in Berkeley -street, from the seat of the Earl and Countess of Cork, in Somersetshire ; Lady Sarah Murray and Miss Murray, from the Palace, Bromley, Kent ; the Earl Fitzwilliam, at Mortimer House, from Milton House, near Peterborough; the Hon. Mrs. Cunliffe Offley, in Upper Brook -street, from a tour ; Mr. and Lady Louisa Higham, in Grosvenor-place ; S,r E. and Lady Antrobus and Misses Antrobus, in Piccadilly, from their seat, in Wilts. ; the Hon. G. Cavend'sh, M.P., from Ashford Hall, Derbyshire ; Lady Maria Somerville, in St. George's-place, from Somerville Castle, Ireland; Lord Northesk, from a tour; Viscount Leveson, in Grosvenor-square from Brighton; Lord and Lady Braybrooke, in Burlington-street, from Audley End, Essex ; Lord Charles Wellesley, at Apsley House, from Ports mouth ; the Marchioness Cornwallis and Ladies Cornwallis, in Park-crescent, from Brighton ; Sir C. M. Burrell, on Rich mond-terrace, from Knepp Castle ; the Hon. Richard Caven dish, at his house, in Hereford-street, Park-lane; Sir James and Lady Carmichael, at Winterbourn's London Hotel, from Dublin; Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, at ditto ; Mr. and Mrs. O'Shee, at ditto ; Mr. and Mrs. Dobede and family, at ditto ; Mr. and Mrs. Newman and family, at ditto. DEPARTURES. The Marquis of Bute, from Camden Hill, for Cardiff Castle, his seat in Wales • the Earl of Aboyne, for his seat, Oulton Longueville ; Lord Segrave, from Spring-gardens, for Rake ley Castle, Gloucestershire. STATE PROSECUTIONS. A public meeting, called by advertisement, was held in the Hall of Science, Sheffield, on Wednesday evening last, to consider the propriety of petitioning Parliament to release Hetherington from prison. The meeting was numerously attended, and at eight o'clock Mr. haw Iron side was c,lled to the chair. A number of speeches were made on the occasion, inveighing in strong terms against the attemj.t to smother public opinion by prosecutions. The fallowing resolutions were unanimously passed : Res,lved—l. That persecution, fur opinions' sake, is incompatible with the spirit of the British Constitution ; is subversive of the bases upon which the Church of Eng land is founded : viz., the right of private judgment; and is absurd, inasmuch as experience proves that it invariably defeats its own end, by cleating a sympathy with the per secuted; and consequently a reaction in the public mind. Moved by MICHAEL BEAL—Seconded by Mr. T. S. MACINTOSH. 2. That the free expression of opinions upon specula tive subjects is desirable, as a means of atta ning the truth, and th t any attempt t 3 stifle free inquiry by cce:cive measu es, is tyranny of the worst description. Moved by Mr. RICHARD OTLEy---Secondcd by Mr. THOMAS HIGGINBOTTOM. 3. That in the opinion cf this meeting, Mr. Henry Ilethe ingtor, of the Strand, London, has been unjustly, harshly, and cruelly treated, in respect to the publication of " Haslam's Letters to the Clergy of all Denominations," and that a Petition be presented to both Houses of rar liamcnt, praying for bis immediate release from prison. Moved by Mr. THOMAS BAKKER— Seconded by Mr. JOSEPH NICHOLSON. 4. Thal the following be the prayer of the petition : " To the Honourable, &c. "The petition of the inhabitants of Sheffield, agreed to at a public meeting called by advertisement, and held in the Hall of Science, ou Wednesday, the 24th day of February, 1841. " Humbly showeth—That your petitioners have learned with surprise and regret, that in the nineteenth century prosecu►.tons are deemed necessary far the support of received opinions. " Your petitioners are firmly persuaded that truth will stand alone, without the aid of the Attorney-General or any other extrinsic support ; they, therefore, humbly submit that the prosecution of Henry Hetherington, bookseller and publisher, of the Strand, London, now a prisoner in the Marshalsea, for the publication of " Haslam's Letters to the Clergy of all De nominations," under the assumption of its being a blasphemous libel, is harsh and uncalled for in the present age, and humbly pray that your Honourable House will adopt such measures as will procure his immediate release ; and further that you will introduce such a change in the law as will prevent the recur ! ence of such an evil in future. " And your petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever pray, &e. Moved by Mr. GRottos MORTON—Seconded by Mr. LUKE WEIISTER Supported by Mr. SKEVINGTON. - . b. That Lord Brougham be requested to pte,ent the petition to the House of Lords, and H. G. Ward, Esq., to the House of Commons, and that Mr. Sergeant Tal fourd be requested to support its prayer. Moved by Mr. GEORGE WESTON—Secorded by Mr. GEORGE CROPPER. 6. That this meet ng deeply sympathizes with Mr. Hetherington in his confinement, and beg to assure him that they highly apprecia.e the upright and manly conduct whit h has brought upon hint the persecution of bigotry and intolerance. Moved by Mr. CHARLES WARD—Seconded by Mr. JOHN NELSON—Supported by Mr. LOUIS MAKOWSKI. The pctit'en is in course of•signature, and is exi:ecV:d to be numerously signed in the course of a few ear. REPRESENTATIVE GOVERN. MENT. SIR VALENTINE BLAKE'S SEVENTH LETTER. TU THE EDITOR OF THE SUA. tbe 17th of October last I had the honour to address a letter to the Marquis of Normanby, in reply to which Colonel York did me the favour to men von his Lordship's inability to attend to official duties, is consequence of his Lordship's lamented indisposition. On the 6th of November 1 repeated the substance of my communication, in an amended form, in a letter which I had the honour to address to Lord Morfeth, and in both letters I suggested the applicati of a " Russt 11-lic 1 end" to counteract the expected " Stanley- Oliver," and I reque:ted that if his Lordship deemed my communication of sufficient importance he would at once submit it t) the serious attention of his Excel lency ti.e Lord Licutecant and also the British Govern ment. I reminded the Government respectfully that the existing exc teu►ent in Ireland was occasioned by the avowed intention of a majority of the Eng lish Members of Parliament to restrict Me Irish franchise, and thus to repeal the Irish Reform Bell, under the pretence of amending it, in open oppo sition to the great majority of the repreteiitetivei for Inland, to the expressed opinion of her Majesty's Go e element, and entirely eintrary to the loudly expressed abhorrence of such an ettempt by the people of Ire lane, with the exception of its numerically insignificant, and sell-cont-tite tett morni, m en t a l, an d political stn,' traders, who were anxious to reduce their nume rous tcnar.try t ) a state of civil and re/iyious servtude,, and thus to dictate " who shall elect," and conrequeefy " who shall be elected " as Members for Ireland in the Imperial Parliament. I further stated that to my own knowledge there were many influential I,ersons, as well in, as not connected with, Inland, who a , e persuaded that a sub-division of the duties of the Legislative body would conduce much to the prosperity of the United Empire ; that it was in the absolute power of the Government •to propitiate and convert the future proceedings of the associated advocates for an unconditional Repeal of the Union, so as to make them, and all the other friends of rational liberty, accord in pursuing one specified object; that under such circumstances the popular voice would be irresistible—that the House of Lords itself ' would succumb, and that many of the men who are now ranged in open hostility to the Government, even in lie and, would co-operate and duly appreciate the vast and paramount advantages of peace and security for life and property to be produced by a proper system of separate local legislation for England, Scotland, and Ireland, the local legislature to be elected and re• turned on Reform principles by the same localities, and the reconstruction of the constituencies, as before the two Unions—the local Parliaments to be independent on all local subjects—but otherwise to be in connexion with the Imperial Parliament on all ques tionsqf colonial cr imperial policy. I further respectfully reminded the Government that the proposed reform of the representation (which merely consists of the federal rule of self-government) was attempted to he carried by the Tory Commissioners of Scotland, in preference to the entire Union of the two Legislatures ; that it was a middle course between unqualified Repgal and a mere subordinate Parlia ment ; that it was a simple law of regulation, and did not comprehend the repeal of any fundamental law—that it was a view of the subject which had never before been alluded to, except by the talented editor of he Sun—that even by him it was mentioned with reference to Ireland only—that the principle of Members of Delegation to the Imperial Legislature was already in operation, and was analogous to the mode of selection of the Scotch and Irish Representa tive Peerage, &c. ; moreover, that it worked benefi cially in the Cantons of Switzerland, and in the United States of America, where each - State reserved to itself the exclusive right and power of regulating its internal affairs, on all matters not included in the Ar tic'ea of Confeleretion ; se that the Imperial Parliament, in the event of the proposed change of the character of the Union, would be analogous to the American Congress ; while at the same time the federal reform would have the astonish ing effect of liberalizing the whole body of the Iris/s and Scotch Imperial Representation, be cause the Imperial Members would be the nomi nees of the elected Members of each local Parlia-' ment—and not, as "at present, the nominees of any particular borough or county constituency. Then, again, I urged my scheme as in effect an ex tension of the elective franchise, which would be more. in unison than the present system with the numerical amount of the population—that the proposed distribu tion of the immense labours of the Legislature would disencumber the Imperial Parliament, and prevent laborious, protracted, and often undignified .midnight discussions on matters pertly local, and not of general importance. I further took the liberty to remind the Government that the Duke of Portland, as Lord Lieutenant of Ire land, in concert with Lords Rockingham and Shelburne and Mr. Fox, as British Ministers, contemplated, soon after the enactment of the repeal of Poyning's law in 1782, to bring forward an Act to be adopted by the Legislatures of both kingdoms, by which the supremacy of the British Parliament should be acknowledged in all matters of Imperial policy. That this measure was found to be impracticable, for the obvious reason, that it would be an insult and an injus tice to great a power to the British Parliament to legislate for Ireland. That this objection— however insuperable as to a me: e British Parliamet t— could not apply to the case of an Imperial Parliament, where Irish interests would be represented and pro tected bytthe strong infusion of 105 picked men, acting in conceit with the Scotch and English Liberals. That the Act of Union with Ireland contains inter nal evidecce that some such change as I had the honour to suggest might be adopted by a future Legislature. That the authors of the Union must have contem plated the possible resuscitation of an Irish Parliament in connexion with the Imperial Parliament, inasmuch as they provided for such possibil,ty in their lease to the Bank of Ireland of the Parliament Houses. In reply to which I was told, in the most kind and courteous language, that my Noble correspondent had no hesitation in stating that my communication was en titled to respectful attention; that he would not pre tend to enter into any consideration of its merits, fur ther than to observe that he apprehended its britediAt ic e proposal by the G overnmen t would take the publ mind very much by surprise ; that the Lord Lieutc• g nant was willing to a d m it the ingenuity and ability contained in the mode o f resentin the scheme , but apprehended that it did not induce any solut ion et a practical character in the present state of circurn : stances; that his acknowledgment of the ingen uit y 801 ability displayed in stating the scheme shoul d not be construed into any approbalion of the matter p ro p osed, and that his Excellency distinctly withheld bis appro val from the further agitation of the subject. In this course I must say that I think the Govern- meet are perfectly justified. Because the active inter ference of a popular Gcveroment must, of necessity: flow from, and not anticipate, the popular a d o ption Ana agitation of any particular proposition for furthe r reform: Now, therefore, it is for the English, Scotch, and Irish Reformers themselves to act with becoming cen' stitutional energy, spirit, and concert. It only remains for me now to cl o se my o wn very feeble performance. 11 the expression of my unfeigred gratitude for th e pi tent the far and favourable opportunities afforeed to me in famed columns of The S un , of presenting my 66 " i" of an extension of the franchise, by me ans of an e l "'" sion of Parliamentary federal representition, for the ar probation of a discriminative public. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your faithful and obedient humble servant', VALENTINE BLAKD. FOREIGN JOINT-STOCK BAN K' ' Without entering into a detailed notice of theloar i l balance-sheet, as presentel by the Lafitte Join t Sloe. Banking Company at Paris, it may be well to Pa r t cularise one or two points of their exhibit, which 1 14 especially worthy of reflection and imitation in I , a country. Thus the Lafitte Company do no t corm°, themselves in their Report to mere general results ago the statement of operations on a large scale , but !, into details upon points which are of the greatest let terest as well to the public as the shareholder . in the accounts laid before the proprietors, th ere 1/ 1 0 , pears an enumeration not only of the bad debts ae c i) ally made, but an estimate of those (perks Pel le which from appearances are likely so to turn out. a , items are not given in the Paris papers, but i t is me t , tioned that the information may be found in the a o counts as presented to the shareholders and lying the °Mee. Now in the balance sheets o! banking companies in • • this country, as laid betas or shareholders at public meetings, and either the e i f afterwards in a printed form distributed, it is " II I; that the particular items of bad or doubtful doh" -- ts brought forward at all, Oa Directors appearigher consider that their duty is performed who 1 "1 1 0 amount in a lump of loss has beea deducted from , t bia gross profit, and the residue making the not r, prcfit has been duly set forth. From this loose sY la tern it results that the shareholders never earl, k fh in how far their affairs have been managed - „ l r i e • joint stab prudence or otherwise, and above all they or e t eluded from forming any conclusion as to the o % l' o of doubtful debts which may be banging ov er t he concern. The profits may be, and often ar c ' largest, when at the same tim e the positive losse s by bad bills arc the most c onsid era bl e , and the v' 4l/ A d doubtful bills most imminent and imprudent• . see d this will be intelligible enough when it is coon that banking business, an d apparently banking P r11 ;s 111 8 can be increased indefinitely in proportion id management may chance t o b e over sanguineas bills little scrupulous in respect o f the qua lity of tu f e presented for discount. The movement of tho bank seems to be progressively prosperous• l'u e ,,; ncral movement of bank business for 1840 s_ n b ° , - t he total of' 803,000,000 of fralcs against 706,000,Un0t year before, in which the bill-discount deeamit'ooo enters for 317,000,000, without reckoning 3 7 PP',,/ r itlF passed as cash because of their immediate 01 ° 1 % - t ed whilst in the preceding year 296,000,000 represe"ooo the amount under one of these heads, and VP!: tbs of francs the other, which give an increase uPe whole of 31,000,000 in favour of 1840. kid In an account rendered by the Joint-stock Ba n h s t Company of Lille to the Shareholders, it is at oted of upon an amount of bill s discou n ted to the velu is e s ell 8,948,612 francs during the year 1840 there bas,:leod no loss, nor even a dishonour e d bill. The d iv „, l pet declared for the first half-year was 27 fran-akiog share, and upon the last half-year 28 francs , 1 1l ler for the whole year 55 francs, against 4 7 s " s ek, 1839. The dividend declared by the Laifitt e ' e pee it may be observed, was 37 francs 50 oa t : 7 ° 5 0 10,000 shares of .5,000 francs each, a nd doe s - doe° upon 5,000 shares of 1,000 francs each. s " It is not appear how far the shares are paid up. wet interesting to notice the sort of progress whic r il 1 ea . circulation makes in France, where, from I ` l , tll , perience of the revolution and the assignats (I'oo judice has ever since been so strong against it•,, oak the note circulation of the Lille bank, notwi l l f t . ing its credit for good marasement, ba d Q , / :,;(1 creased from 2,368,000 francs, at which it 5- • sh it 1839, to 2,888,500 francs in 1840 ; from l i ploP f may be gathered that in this department G h artY e : paperstoek bankingsupplan supplanting gre geldis no immediat e silver. G r p e r a o t he c ise cie ° ll ; hand tinn, a t and a n h w d n han above th taken t L ille e b t ahsnetkoetko rate k wo e ar e so p ni t iel h u e tchh stock oers o c, f 4e..:s s ys li qi c Eg o l i i tis : laid out in treasury or other money bonds : sou° terest. The directors notice that when their d's t heir were at the heaviest in order to accommodate to to commercial friends, considerable expense was g o y s fro nt procure specie from abroad and elsewhere, that l s Belzium probably and Paris.—Morning 1$ GAMING AND MURDER - TURKEY. A a 0 1 CONSTANTINOPLE, JAN. 12.—We have bau,,,ritiog curious event here. It is well known that a-,.,prir is prohibited by the Koran ; still there nre for bates who secretly assemble for tl.e purpos e ' ii r t i th e some time past a number of such hail be e ° in habit of meeting at the house of Nazif B e y or' e stria to gamble at cards. Among the rest "r-iweet Hassib Effendi, who was clerk of the fire deitooB° when Husreff Paella was Seraskier. About ten t,,thic° he won one thousand six hundred piastres , v lit "f o rbi ln he went home. The next evening the others sen; stead in hopes of getting back their lost money, b°, t, J :. % te' t of that, Hassib again came off winner to c e oes' of 2,000 piastres. His companions becarreiin sively enraged, and the ti.tar Aga„:, w ", - tber ° ' also a loser, struck and abused him. 111° vie ° seeing this, fell upon Hassib, each with A d be of reposse:sing himself o f hi s , ca sh, tween them the unlucky gainer LI3 r° treated that he expired. It became necossal t o dill pose of the body, and the Yangun Becktehibsicitijoho to give intelligence when fires occur en,o oho was passing at the frue) was calle'd io'isitre4 house. For a recompeose of five hundre d P os iteti they persuaded him to take the corpse 10 a the covered at the top with rubbish, and thr ow it: I- it or sea. This was done, and with a view of ma ki ,, l ` l ait 11 ) 1 pear that the deceased had lost his life by w ereace'- ' lo t ; watch and purse, with a certain amount in it , r°: l oth' cl as well as his clothes. The next day th e o. ;f Hassib, surprised at the disappearance of he r " ( i ) . s or knowing that he had set out for the house /1 :- . ) beY Bey, went there and inquir e d for him. siealr into ()i bis vented a story that he w as exceedinglY when he left th em , an d pre t en d e d t o know notedi A ll o t h i e subsequent movements. They finally suggestooro° might hav e f a ll en i n t o a t orren t that was r unning the sea, as it rained excessively hard at the On% bed ° mation was given to the Seraskicr Pacha ;t" vsie' the torrent a nd the sea-shore were searched, bil , t he 0 11015 The mother, however, insisted upon bavi°g he r party arrested, to be examined as to the loss 0,1 00 i s ra' They were taken to the Tenabruk, w hich t h e ther dark, and, as they had just quitted the s eoro er they did not immediately perceive that in ° l e er 0 11 ; 1 man was seated close to the wall. The gag they, We', the key of tl'e door upon them, and faneYieig,li, a i n quite alone, the Yangun Becktchissi said, " c r e ss iv * set about tormenting rro, I shall at once e° ll b - 0 ofe r ,i I threw the body into tie sea." The WET': be o had • heard this alarmed the gaoler, told him we 3- I ,,ns learned, and in a short time the whole story e o ak: fessed. The body, too, floated up ; there wehr bee s°l of strangulation on the throat, and the de' evident. h s b etru " The parties are detained in prison. It - t he g u h l e ir tided that as Hassib has left two childreo,... forbo are first to pay 30,000 support, and are afterwards to take their in Piastres, as a provisio.';al, to the dealt with according to the existing law. A . ts 00„,.,3) CONSTANTINOPLE, JAN. 10.--Tvvo eir J ev-; j a ' trial of the assassins of Hassib Effendi and L b % st oned {0 f o r plices, took place. Nazif Bev and his s"' and the deceased, are condemned to the pile,' bob I •ded labour for seven years ; the tatar, who a' ~3 r .5. • . five years ; and our accomplices for thre e b" , 000 r. ° 11 ,. twccn them they arc also compelled to . Pay kan fa ° t o tires as a provision for Hassib Effeodt's ar P ecor dioi ,y The guilty would have been hanged , h ut i o 3 ma ° P te the Mussulman law, it is unjust to " la gh t b h et 9 , blood.money and hang him toe. It w" o f t he orp-' l3 to take the 00,000 piastres for the benrfi nie 's -- • I Mee ° '4 We are glad to find that the Bust° o pi .e Institution is well supported by men of all par_t n 'et s e d t o l o n o the last year 151 volumes have been prer ins tit!i n i library. J. K. Ilaherfield, Esq;, icad....;.teannicar the valuable present of the Encye,opedia JJ _I are Sir volumes, and and among the other contributor:, ,Qapier,,,,r, ben Pert, the Bisnop of Chester, Coloreitio'r, 1006. Lee, of Cambridge, and the Vicc-Clonec times of eclat Sbadwell. It is refreshing :in then togctb(r. Njo. cal animosity to see such names mingle . of the or , The late fire at Wynyard, the se.a.t,_ from COthe of quis of Londonderry, v , as v i o sin t T , a dis tane rets of Hylton Castle, near Alonkwearm u c ceri d nvarly twenty miles. --0 11 the tibc o KING'S COUNTY ELECTION. hillLb, one pt. da3's poll, the m a j orit y of Mr. Atrosirong:t, onD can did a te, was raised from 75 to 225 ove r Ce. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1841. MORNING 1-4;DITION.