The Sun. — London, England, 1841-01-21 00:00:00

N 1. IN'G E'DTTION I‘OTICE. " THE CHINA SUN," Which was RE-PUBLISHED on the 6th INSTANT, with the LATEST NEWS from CHINA, IS NOW ON SALE. Price SIXPENCE. Orders received at the Sun Office, No. 112, Strlnd. IN PROGRESS, THE RAILWAY SUN. Whh a MAP of all the RAILWAYS in the United Kingdom ; containing all the STA TIONS on each Railway, and a great variety of Information and other particulars connected with Railways. THE CORONATION SUN, PRINTED IN LETTEES OF GOLD, WITH A BE.AUTIFUI, PORTRAIT OF 13,ER MAJESTY THE QUEEN, fan be sent by post free to all parts of the Empire. Price SIXPENCE. Sun Office, 112, Strand, London. LOSS OF HER 111AJESTY'S SHIP FAIRY. THE Public is earnestly appealed to in Behalf of the WIDOWS and ORPHANS of the SEAMEN wh.o perished in this unfortunate Vessel. Subscriptions are received by Captain Phipps Hornby, C. 8., Woolwich ; also at Messrs. Coutts and Co.'s, Strand; and at Sir John Lubbock and Co.'s, Mansion-honsc-street. FOR INVALIDS AND TOURISTS. Just ready, in 1 vol. with numerous Illustrations, THE SPAS OF ENGLAND. By Dr. GRANVILLE, Agthor of " The Spas of Germany," " St. Petorsburgh," &c. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Orders received by all Booksellers. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. UNDER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS THIS EVENING, JAN. 21. Will be repeated Shakspere's MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. Theseus, Mr. Cooper; Quince, Mr. Bartley; Bottom, Mr. Harley ; Flute, Mr. Keeley ; Snout, Mr. sleadow•s ; Snug, Mr. F. Matthews ; Hermia, Mrs. .Nisbett ; Oberon, Madame Vestris ; Titania, Mrs. W. Lacy ; Puck, Miss Marshall; First Fairy, Miss Rainforth. After which, The NEW GRAND CHRISTMAS PANTOMIME will be repeated, entitled THE CASTLE OF OTRANTO; OR, HARLEQUIN AND THE GIANT HELMET. Harlequin, Mr. C. J. Smith ; Clown, Mr. T. Ridgway ; Pantaloon, Mr. Morelli ; Columbine, Miss Fairbrother. To-morrow, The Merry Wives of Windsor, with The New Pantomime. On Satur lay. The lidsummer Night's Dream, with the New Pantomime. Doors to be op.2necl at half-past Six—the performances to commence at Seven o'Clock. Tickets and places for the Boxel to be taken of Mr. Grogan‘ at the lion-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may DO had upon application. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d. ; First and Second Circles, ss. ; Second Price, fls. 6d. ; Pit, 3s. ; Second Price, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. Private Box to be had, so!ely of Mr. Andrews, bookseller 167. New Bond-street. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Triumphant again ! Overwholming, Success of Ainsworth's Tower of London. Nightly overflows. Upwards of 57,000 Persona have already witnessed the best Pantomime in London. THIS EVENING, JAN. 21, Will be 'acted a Grand Historical Romance, founded on and entitled THE TOWER OF LONDON. Tlr a Tableaax Vivans, splendid Costume, and Appointments, from the Designs of the celebrated George Cruikshanks. After which will be repeated the Grand Traditionary Pantomime, entitled HARLEQUIN AND MY LADY LEE; OR, GOOSEY GANDER AND THE SPELL-BOUND GOSLINGS. In which the unrivalled Artistes, the Boleno Family; Mr. Southby, the Original Clown; Miss Sharpe, Columbine ; and the astonishing Gyinnastique, Signior Felix Carlo, from Fran coni's, at Paris, will perform : concluding with Brunning's Grand Dioramie Synopsis of Syria. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. Immense success of Haines' New Domestic Drama. THIS EVENING, JAN. 21, And every Evening until further notice, will be performed, THE YEW-TREE RUINS, or THE WRECK, THE MISER, AND THE MURDERER. Cain Dynan, Mr. Haines (who has been expressly engaged for this occesion); Valentine Trevalian, Mr. Hicks; Sir Alfred Penreugh, Mr. Dale ; Beatrice Penreugh, Miss E. Montague. Grand Tableau of the Interior of the Tin Mines in Cornwall! and extraordinary Clog Dance. _ - To conclude with the Grand Comic Pantomime of HARLEQUIN; JACK OF NEWBURY, or BAA, BAA, BLACK SHEEP, and the OLD WOMAN of BERKELEY. Harlequin, Mr. Howell ; Columbine, Mademoiselle Gooder ham ; Clown, Mr. Blanchard; Pantaloon, Mr. Asilibury ; the ('at by Young ttehiot ~ REAL VICTORIA THEATRE. The M ANAGEMENT of this THEATRE beg respectfully to inform the Public that they have entered into an engage ment with those Wonderful Artistes, so truly denominated by their countrymen " Encroyables," or The Incredibles of Paris, who will in. *a few days make their first appearance in England, and exhil*;it their Classical Performances, which have excited the wordier and astonishment of all Paris. Haines' New Play of the WRECK, the MISER, and the MUR DERER, 'with the Pantomime of HARLEQUIN JACK of NEWBPRRY, or " BAA, BAA, BLACK SHEEP," and the 0 7 „D WOMAN of BERKELEY, every E vening untill furt`,,er notice. A Grand Eastern Srectacle, written by Mr. Haines, will shortly be produced, embodying the whole resources of this Theatre. PRINCESS' THEATRE, OXFORD -STREET. LAST WEEK OF THE SEASON. This splendid Theatre is OPEN EVERY EVENING with PROMENADE CONCERTS, tinder the Direction of Mr. WILLY. THIS EVENING, JAN. U.—PROGRAMME. PART FIRST. Overture—Don Juan—Mozarte. Quadrille--Le Carillonneur—Dufrene. Waltz—Die Abenteurer—Lanner. Overture--La Fiancee—Auber. Selo on the Flute by Mr. Carte. Selection from the Monntain Sylph—Barnett. TART SECOND. Overture—Tanertdi—Rossini. Quadrille—Vendetta—Tolbecque. Waltz—Der Teen Welt—Labitzky. Graud Selrction from Acis and Galatea—Handel. Promenade, Is.—Dress Circle, 2s.—Upper Boxes, Is. 6d. Private Boxes, 11. Is. and 10e. 6d. each, may be had at the Bo'.-eftipp, and of Mr. Alitchell, Old Bond -street. Mr. V, ILLY begs respectfully to announce that his BENE FIT will take place on MONDAY, JAN. 25, being the LAST NIGHT of the SEASON. know ATE'R AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning. i, vinautes after 1. I Evening 24 minutes after 1 , e t , 0 (7i , - , . :,..., 3 ~_,- ~i,;, ~. , 4 5,ifft........,._,,,,,, , 6‘ ,_, .. xtt + LONDON THURSDAY, JANUARY 21, IE4I. We are sometimes 'reproached with speaking harshly of the landed gentlemen, and with attribut ing to them Impmper motives. One of their lead ers, however, , nom we used to consider, before he saclificed tom, party his understandi ng as well as his consistency, a very clever clear-headed man, will bear ' H S out in all that we have said against the 1 1 P.ded gentlemen. The amount of our reproaches yeas been that they have sought to enrich themselves utterly regardless of the public welfare. They have made a law to raise rent, which ruins trade and atarves the people. Now this is what Sir JAMES GRAHAM said t o th e l an downers in 1826, in his pamphlet en ti t l e d " C orn an d C ur rency," when he had y e t li nger i ng a b out hi m some o f t h e Ingenuous neis of youth, and some of the honesty of a man who has never been in place Since the year 181.5, when the prohibition of the im portation of foreign corn, excepting at a fixed price was first substituted for a protecting duty, your con stant and avowed object has been to raise the price of agricultural produce in this country greatly above the level of the continental markets ; the obvious effect of this has also been to raise the rate of wages, and to re• drace the rate of profits. By the rise of wages the labourer ;caws T.Ol because, when corn is dear, all the articles of first necessity are also dear. There• fore, though his wages be increased, his real reward is not greater ; but by the diminutio n of profits, every class of productive industry is deeply injured. For on all bands it is allowed, that profits Lill as wages rise, and the capital of a nation is but the accumulation of P.le profits of its inhabitants. Rents, however, are raised by high prices, which force inferior soils into cultivation ; since the lower the degree of fertility of the worst land in tillage, which yields no rent, but eel ) , reimburses the cultivator—the higher on all land of superior quality, is the extra profit beyond the ordinary return of capital, when expended on the worst. This extra profit is rent, or, in the words of Mr. Mill, •' rent 'Dormice in proportion as the effect of the capital suce.asaitaly bestowed upon land decreases." High prices, therefore, by increasing rents, benefit the land lords, but they confer no advantage on the labourer ; they are an injury to the productive, and a tax on the Wrproductivo classes of the community.—P. 10. Sir JAMES GRAIL AM, then, distinctly c h arges the ,~L'~~:: „ landowners with continually endeavouring to raise prices that they might raise rents ; and he distinctly avers that raising prices does not benefit the la bourers, and diminishes profits to the injury of the capitalists. He charges the landowners who made the law with making it for the purpose of putting pelf into their pockets. He shows them that they do this at the expense of the capitalists ; he proves to them that they injure the manufacturers by so doing; and Sir JAMES GRAHAM is now one of the foremost advocates of that Corn-law which he de monstrates to be downright plunder and rascality. It is a received axiom in political economy, that capital is saved from profits. Very rarely is capi. tal saved from rent, and still more rarely from wages. But capital is at present the means of giving employment to labour. Sir JAMES GRAHAM, in the passage we have quoted, proves that the attempt of the landowners to raise prices lessens profits. Of course, therefore, it lessens the means of saving, it lessens capital, it lessens the means of employing the people, and it lessens wages. All these are the avowed consequences of the Corn-law, which Sir JAMES GRAHAM now supports. He therefore, and those who act with him, support the tax on bread, we conclude designedly, to obtain the ends of curtailing profits, lessening employment, and injuring manufactures. In another part of the same pamphlet we find him setting forth, at considerable length, the im moralities of a manufacturing population. They are described as dissolute and idle, working two or three days in the week, and living in debauchery during the others. They are said not to be, like the agricultural labourers, attached to their masters, and not to be loyal to the Throne. Turbulence and revolution are described to be characteristic of them. Such being Sir JAMES GRAHAM'S opinion, and the opinion of his class, in which Sir ROxERT PEEL, as Sir JAMES GRAHAM shows by a quo tation from a speech of his, shares, and they having passed, and now maintained a law, which lowers profits, injures capitalists, and limits manufacturing employment, are we not warranted in concluding that the landowners, knowingly and designedly, aim at the limitation or extinction of our manufactures by the Corn-law. They wish to restore the supre macy of the landlords, and they endeavour, by means of a law, to realize that wish. The desire which one of their supporters lately blurted out to destroy half our towns, thus becomes of ominous importance, because it is con sistent with the plans and designs actually pursued by those landowners who support the Corn-law, though they want the candour of the Reviewer to avow their object. What he said, however, expresses their long and steadily pursued project. The ma nufacturing population is a new population, it car ries with it the germs of great political changes, inimical to the supremacy of the landlords and the clergy ; and therefore have these two classes, knowingly and wilfully, combined to make and sup port a law which shall check the growth of manu facturing population, and secure their own power. We distinctly charge them with that, and affirm that our charge is proved by the language and conduct of Sir JAMES GRAHAM. If this be an approximation to truth—and the outcry raised against Sir R. PEEL by the advo cates of the bread-tax, when he last Session said a word in favour of manufactures from forgetfulness, shows that it is = the manufacturers are extremely foolish to bring before the Parliament evidences of their own decay, in order to induce the Parliament to relinquish the law. That is the very thing the law was made to effect, and the more they com plain the more they delight the landlords, and the more they confirm them in their resolution to main. tain the bread-tax. On the same principle, we begin to apprehend that what we thought the strongest argument against the bread-tax, namely, that it annually stalls Imiltitmloc . r.iit of , Plciqtenre. utlzy .tiu mole .ILLUII - 1 r commends t he maintenance of the bread-tax to the Conservatives and the Clergy. It would seem from Sir JAMES GRA HAM'S remarks, that he and the rest of the sup porters of the bread -tax, have long been aware of this effect, and on account of it cherish and preserve the law. Our legislators, being chiefly landowners, entertain an aversion for the manufacturing popula tion ; they ask with a sneer, as did Lord ASHBUR TON, if the whole land is to be covered with Man chesters and Birminghams, and they have taxed the bread of the people to prevent it. Parliament is about to meet, and those who compose it stand arraigned before the public of high crimes and misdemeanors against the country. The language of accusation, not confined to one journal, has resounded throughout the land. It has been placarded on the walls of Walsall, and boldly used in the agricultural districts. Extortion, robbery, and murder are all ascribed to the law. Such lan guage is wholly incompatible with respect and willing obedience. How can the Legislature re pel it ? How can it stifle the voice of public complaint ? Privilege, vast though it be, is unequal to the task. Truth cannot be suppressed even by files of soldiers. The charges and accusations can not be answered by the SPEAKER'S warrants. Yet they must be repelled, or the Legislature will be irretrievably damaged in public estimation ; its power will he shaken, and the political fabric founded on it will crumble to dust. There is but one way to retrieve its character, and throw off the charge with which it is branded, but one way to save the authority of the Legislature, and pre serve our political institutions, but one way to appease the discontent of the people, and reconcile them with the law-makers, and that way lies through the total and immediate repeal of the bread-tax. The landlords may point to their pockets—we tell them that interests far dearer to them, and dearer to us all, than any pocket in terests, are at stake, and that if they delay much longer to do justice they will ruin the empire. We have on several occasions dwelt on the im policy or folly of the Legislature meddling with banking, with the circulation of promises to pay, and with currency, which it .obviously does not comprehend. How can it ? The art of banking, with all its consequences, is of yesterday's growth, and is still in a state of rapid development. A science of astronomy we have, because the objects to which it relates are permanent, but a science of banking we have not, and cannot have, be cause the thing is not yet complete. It is, there fore, sheer folly in the ignorant gentlemen who meet at Westminster, and in the equally ignorant an d equally presumptuous gentlemen who write pamphlets, to be extremely anxious to lay down laws for banking. Many specimens of this folly have been laid be fore the public, such as the Bank Charter, making a body of interested merchant t s ha t t hethe promise regulator to the currency—the enacted lie, pay is an actual payment—the restrictions on pri vate banks—and the sweeping away of small notes. Banking in all its branches and consequences, in cluding the issue of promises to pay on demand, is one of the common businesses of life, like selling tea and sugar, or making hats and shoes ; it is a porti vcn trade,ono.fies ; like exporting woollens and im portingand if the Legislature may attempt to regulate the business of banking, including the issue of promises to pay on demand, we cannot see a single reason tvliy it should not regulate every busi ness even that of the scavenger and the milkman—in the whole empire. To be sure that would be impossible, PUP, SUN', LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 21. Mil. gigantic as may be the ambition of the Legislature ; and therefore we conclude that it ought to leave every business alone, including the modern and yet incompletely developed business of banking. One of the arguments for interfering is to secure responsible banks for the public. The Legislature has been anxious to have large and wealthy concerns. Private banks, banks set on foot by individuals, have been discouraged by the law, and sneered at by writers. It having been the object of our legis ation to secure wealthy banks, let us call the atten tion of the public to a proof of its failure to add to the many others already on record. We quote the following passage from an article by Mr. Glum RT, in the last number of the Wesinzinster Review : The numerous banks in America are not the result of free trade, but are the result of the Acts of the Le gislature. The State Legislatures have thought proper to give a large number of charters, and of course there is a large number of banks. Had the charters been fewer, the banks would have been larger and more re spectable. The number of banks in England, too, have been the result of the interference of the Legislature. In the renewal of the charter of the Bank of England in 1708 it was enacted, that no other bank having more than six partners should have the privilege of issuing notes. As the growing trade and wealth of the coun try required banks of some sort, and as banks having more than six partners could not be formed, a great number of banks, each not having more than six part ners, rose into existence as they were required by the increasing trade and wealth of the country. Hence, instead of having a small number of large banks, we have had a large number of small banks. If we look to Scotland, where banking has been free, we find that the total number of private and joint-stock banks is only twenty-eight. Banking has been free beyond fifty miles from Dublin for the last fifteen years, yet throughout that district there are only five banks of issue, with the exception of the Bank of Ireland. In England, where there has been, as we are told, a frenzy in their favour, the joint-stock banks of issue arc only ninety-one, and probably they would have been less numerous had not the law excluded them from London. The capital which has been embarked in a number of small local banks would have been invested in large London establishments, and the place of the local banks would have been occupied by branches of the London banks. From these facts it seems fair to infer that sonic of the small joint•stock banks and many of the private banks will, in the course of the next twenty years, be merged in larger establishments. The sup position that unlimited freedom of banking would lead to the establishmant of an inconvenient multitude of banks, is wholly unsupported by the testimony of ex perience. If chartering the Bank of England, and limiting the number of partners, have had the effect of preventing the establishment of solid and large banks with numerous proprietors, having branches in the country, the intention of the Legislature has not been realised ; and in this, as in many other cases, we find that the busy haste of the lawmaker has far exceeded his wisdom. The Paris Journals of Monday have all been received. The i%Joniteur publishes the following official news from French Africa : " TOULON, JAN. 15, 4 o'CLocK, P " THE MARITIME PREFECT TO THE MINISTER OF WAR. " During the last days of December, General Guin gret executed a razia on the territory of the tribe of Beni Sala Haam. The perpetrators and accomplices of the murder of the Captain of the staff Saget were either killed or delivered into our hands. 60 Arabs were killed ; 800 oxen, 1,200 sheep, tents, and a great quantity of grain, fell into our power. " The expeditionary corps returned to the camps in the beginning of January, without basing suffered any loss. " These particulars have been given to me by the Commander of the Isere." There may be some English readers who know not what a razia is ; and for their information we may observe, that it is the surrounding an Arab village or district with troops, when the inhabitants fancy themselves in a state of security, and indis criminately slaughtering all capable of offering the slightest resistance, and carrying off their property. This is the French system of colonization; and in the records of the murder of every Frenchman found separated from his companions, we read the history of the only success which so inhuman a system merits. The French war in Africa is a war not simply of conquest, but of extermination. NT T. T! • , last. The ex-Minister's Report on the fortifica tions of Paris, has made him an especial favourite at Court. What do the war faction now think of the consistency of their champion ? The following paragraph appears in Galignani's Messenger of Monday : Several of our contemporaries have intimated that M. De Lamartine is to have the embassy at Vienna, but we understand that these reports arc devoid of foundation. It is true that the present Ministry, im mediately on its installation, gave M. De Lamartine his choice between the embassies of Vienna and Lon don, but he declined accepting either, from motives which M. Guizot duly appreciated. Since then the affair has not been again brought in question. The re ported acceptance of the embassy at London by the Count de Saint Aulaire is equally erroneous—he has, on the contrary, refused it from family motives. The same Journal contains a summary of the opinions of the French Journals on the propused amendment of M. LARABET on the Fortifications Bill, which demonstrates clearly enough that the Government will have the detached forts, or op pose the Bill altogether. The debate on the Bill is expected to be exceedingly animated. The Toulonnais of the 13th inst. states, that the Phsoton steamer was waiting the arrival of a personage from Paris, who, it was believed, would replace M. Cochelet, the Consul• General of France in Alexandria. Another steamer, the Chamelion, had been ordered to hold herself in readiness to convey General Bugeaud to Algiers. TREATY WITH BUENOS AYRES...--M. Meruilliod, the Ministerial Deputy for Havre, has addressed a letter to the President of the French Chamber of Deputies, stating that he had to present the protest of 12,000 French subjects in La Plata against the Convention signed by Admiral Mackau, and adding that the state . . of his health would prevent him from - asking explana tions of the Minister before the ensuing week. The following is the latest news from Soleure : it is dated the I2th of January : " At this moment (nine o'clock) in the morning, a salute of 101 guns announces the acceptance of the Constitution. The following is a statement of the votes :—For the acceptance, 6,289 ; Against, 4,277. —Majority, 2,012. Of 15,600 citizens in the canton entitled to vote, 5,134 did not make use of their right. All seems tranquil at Soleure." The sanguinary conflict which has taken place in the canton Argovia may be considered as ended. Berne and Zurich have sent their troops into that can ton, and order is completely restored.—Gaz. de France. The document distributed among the members of the Chamber of Deputies relative to the project of law for the fortifications of Paris : Ist, An extract from the Memoirs of Napoleon on the question of the fortifi cations of Paris. 2. An extract from an unpublished Memoir of Vauban on the same question. 3. An Analysis of the Inquiries made by the Committee of the Chamber of Deputies on the question of supplying Paris with Provisions. 4. An Essay on the Fortifica tions of Paris, considered with a view to the Expense. 5. Another Essay on these Fortifications, considered with respect to the Time and Number necessary for their Completion. M. Duvergier de Hauranne has written a letter to the Editor of the Journal des Debals, in which he says that he has entered his name to vote not against, Cut for, the project of law for fortifying Parts.—Le Consti tutiomwl. BOURSE...-PARIII, MONDAY, JAN. 18. Mist Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Pricy. Price French 5 per Cents ll2 2 ... 112 30 ... 112 25 ... 112 20 4 per Cents 99 ... 99 ... 89 ..- 89 9 per Cenu 77 35 _. 77 35 ... 77 t - a , ... 72 30 11..nk 'of trance Lifitte Batik I,ooot. 611.... .10L0 ...1050 ~.1050 ...105 0 .....aglan Bank 5 per Cent.... 3 i er Ceitte 0 ... 64 90 ... 68 90 ... 68 00 New Loan Spanish Active 25 ... 2.5 ... 25 ... 25 Passive 0 ... 6 ... 6 ... 6 Neapolitan 101 60 ... 101 80 ... 101 60 ... 101 80 Roman.... ...... ..... ....... . . lo;ilfi ... 1601,4 HALLWAY SHARES. ... 190 ... WU St. Germain .....,.,•.•..... Ve:•sailles,R. It 450 ••• 450 ... 450 ... 450 L.B ••• 34 10 . Orleans . Strasburg to Bale 247 50 ... 247 50 ... 245 25 .., 247'50 in th e p resen t state o f ( It is a melancholy thin.. n Europe to be always having to complain of the unprincipled conduct of Liberal Governments. States blessed with free institutions might be sup posed anxious on all occasions to prove by example how much more conducive such institutions are to the promotion of human happiness, than those sub. ject to a despotical form of goveinment. Such ex- Portugal are especially bound to amples Spain and give the world, after so recently passing through the fiery furnace of civil war, rather than bend the knee before the footstools of Carlist and Aliguelite despot ism. Speaking an almost common language, having a common origin, with institutions in perfect harmony with other, is it not, therefore, disgraceful to find these countries ready to:cut each other's throats about the instant settlement of a question which has been five years in abeyance without pro voking a word of remonstrance or complaint ? The Douro question is in the same state now that it was five years ago, and yet we are told that Es- PARTERO refuses to allow the Portuguese Govern ment a single day after the 31st of the current month to settle it, although it cannot be constitu tionally settled without the consent of the Cor tes. The champion of the Spanish Constitution openly threatens the violation of that of Portugal. Now, Portugal having asked and obtained Bri tish mediation, ESPA RTERO cannot hope to cross the frontier without offering a deep insult to the British nation—a nation for whose sympathy he ought to have a profound respect, seeing that it saved constitutional freedom in Spain, and mate rially assisted in making a Regent of a soldier of fortune, who otherwise would have shared the fate of the equally brave and patriotic General RIEGO. But, however warlike may be the feelings of ESPAR TEno, we cannot suppose that in a step which would force Spain into s collision with Great Bri tain in any way, he would obtain a majority of votes in the Council of Regency. Spain would not readily par don the Cabinet that would deprive her of that British sympathy which so mainly contributed to the suc cess of her revolution. Possibly, however, we over-rate the danger of a hostile collision. Such at least is the opinion of the Journal des Dehats, in whose columns of Monday we find the follow ing paragraph : " We think that too much importance is attached to the vivacity with which the Spanish journals and the Madrid Official Gazette express themselves with regard to the Portuguese Government. The passage of the speech of the Queen of Portugal relative to the affair of the Douro, and the terms of which have ap peared offensive to the Spanish Government, is the sole motive of this momentary excitement. 'Flue Re gency declares that it will enforce by arms the execution of the treaty ; there is every reason to believe that the treaty will be executed without its being necessary to have recourse to this extremity. Portugal has already applied for the mediation of England ; and as the British Government, according to the language of its organs, recognises the justice of the Spanish claims, it is very probable that the difference will end in a pacific solution." Both Portugal and Spain want repose, to con solidate their civil and ecclesiastical institutions, to foster industry, paralysed by civil dissensions, and to extend their commerce. If ESPARTERO wants employment for his army, let him employ them in making roads, building bridges, and other great works calculated to benefit his country. In this way only can he increase his claims to the gratitude of his contemporaries and of posterity. The Madrid Journals of the 11th inst. have reached us. The report of a new treaty of com merce between England and France, by which the duty on French wines imported into England would be reduced from 321. 10s. to 101. had seriously alarmed the Spanish wine-growers. It: was fur ther dreaded that the British Government, dis pleased with the new Spanish tariff, would increase the duty on Spanish wines. The merchants of Xeres had deputed an agent to England to watch over their interests. On the Bourse the Five per Cents. were in much demand on the 11th. They opened at 28 11-16ths, and closed at 28i for cash. The private intelligence received from Constan tinople of the 28th ult., brings a very different ac count from that previously communicated to us of the conditions upon which the SULTAN has signed the firman,' granting the h,reditary Government of w MEHEMET ALI. In fact, from the statements now made in private letters from the Turkish capital, it appears to us that the VICE ROY has been very shamefully treated ; and from the tenor of an article, of which we quote an extract in another column, from the Manzari Shark, an English journal, published at Smyrna, and supposed to speak the sentiments of Lord PONSONBY upon all questions connected with Egypt, we fear that our Ambassador has had a larg e share in the proposed humiliation of a Chief of whom his Lordship has long been supposed to en tertain a strong personal dislike. The correspon dent of a Contemporary, whose letter from Constanti nople is dated the 28th ult., gives the following account of the conditions upon which the SULTAN consents to allow MEHEMET ALI to retain the Pachalic of Egypt : The Supreme Council has at length decided on the terms to be conceded to Mehemet Ali; they are such only as a conqueror would itt pose on an enemy completely at his mercy ; and the insolent spirit in which they are dictated may be characterised in two words, V a victis The tenure on which he will be allowed to retain the Pachalic of i Egypt will be no better than that of any other Pacha of the Porte. He is to have neither army, fleet, nor revenue ; he is to be as signed a yearly salary, while the Porte appoints its own mouhassils for the collection of the public taxes. The Egyptian troops are, to a certain extent, to be quartered every year in Turkey, and to be replaced by a Turkish force, which is to be commanded by Pachas of inferior rank, nominated by the Porte. Such part also of the Egyptian fleet as it shall deem expedient must be delivered, together with the Turkish, into the hands of Admiral Stopford. The effect of these provisions will, if duly executed, be to reduce Mehemet Ali in the Government, where he has for the last 30 years en joyed sovereign and undisputed authority, to a mere cipher. He would, in short, be placed by them so completely in the power of the Sultan that he would have no security for his bead, which, indeed, there has already been some question in the Council of declaring forfeit. The Sheikh Islam, doubtless at the instance of Reschid Pacha, and in order to silence the supporters of Mehemet Ali in the Council, openly denounced him as one with whom no terms could be observed, and who, by his treason and his crimes (the most atrocious of which was having put to death two of the principal Sheikhs), bad forfeit e d all claim to mercy. It is evident, therefore, if the Four Powers still lend their assistance to the Porte, that the Pacha has little to expect from its forbearance. We sincerely trust that the Four Powers, and es pecially England, will not constitute themselves mere executioners of the vengeance of the Porte. MEHEMET ALI'S right to the Government of Egypt on the conditions at first proposed by the Four Powers, and sanctioned by the Porte, is as sacred as ABD-UL-MEDJID'S right to the investi ture of the sword and mantle of the Prophet. Now these conditions implied the uncontrolled do million of Egypt, civil, military, and financial. It was in this sense they were understood by the VICEROY, by the Four Powers, and by France. If the Porte meditated treachery from the com mencement, let us be no parties to it. On the contrary, it is our especial duty, having signed a convention with the PACIIA, to protect him in every right which we thereby, acting with the con sent of the Porte, guaranteed to him. Dr. lt tact!, who was attached to the embassy of Sir JOHN M'NEIL, proceeded, on the 27th ult., from Constantinople to Teheran, charged with the ultimatum of the British Government to the Shah of PrasrA. It is said in the City that the Portuguese Go stores ; and that the E n vernment concluded on T ues d ay a c ontract for 2,0 0 0 sets of maddlery, 12,000 sets of accou t re ments, and other militar y give them on credit a l arge q uantity of muskets , p istols, and other arms, the d e livery of which is taking p lace at this moment in the Towe r . THE ROYAL English Governmen t h as a g reed to H UMANE SOCIETY...—The Earl of Stamford and Wa rr i ng t on h a s inclosed to Mr. Hawes, sen., the treasurer of th e R o y a l Humane Society , a donation of 10/. in aid of the benevolent purposes of that institution. ELECTION FOR THE OFFICE OF BRIDGE MASTER.--.Yesterday, at Three ,'Clock, the numbers were : Gibbs Ledger , 2 269 ............... Majority for Gibbs ... ......... -----272 A great effort wilt, it was said, be made thi3 day, when, at four o'clock, the poll will close for the election. Itlol-;EY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, WEDNEDSAY EVENING. The Funds were heavy to-day, probably on account 1 of a disposition, on the part of the public, to realize their profits on the recent improvement in prices. The value of Consols for immediate transfer was re duced from 90i- and 89i to 90 and 891 ; and for the Account from 90i- and 901 to 90i and 89i. The clos ink; quotations were 891 for the former, and 90 for the latter. Exchequer Bills brought Gs. to 10s. premium, and East India Bonds Ss. discount, being each rather lower. Bank Stock went up 1 per cent. again, viz. to 170 and 171 ; but we are unable to assert with confi dence whether there is any truth in the statement that the Charter of the Bank of England is likely to be re newed, and that Government Commissioners will be appointed to check the administration of its affairs, as in France, in lieu of sweeping reforms in the currency. The New Three-and-a-Half per Cents, were at 981 to 97-i. Not much animation prevailed in the Foleign Stocks or in the Railway Shares. Spanish Active Bonds, in consequence of the still rather unsettled state of affairs at Madrid, went clown to 248 ; Portuguese New Five per Cents. were at 32 to 32i ; and the Three per Cents. at ; Mexican Bonds were 2Si toe ; Bra zilian 721 to 73 ; French Five per Cents. 112 ; and Dutch Two-and-a-half per Cents. 50 to 1. The Railway Shares were barely supported at pre vious rates. South Western declined to ISt, and Great Western to 251 premium ; London and Bir mingham were 83 premium ; London Joint Stock Bank Shares were 3 premium without the dividend, and Australasia Bank 14 premium. The failure of a member of a wealthy family engaged in banking pursuits in the City, did not cause any great sensation to-day. The liabilities are understood to be rather considerable. The party was connected with the trade_to the north of Europe. (From The Sun of Last Night.) LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, TUESDAY..--;We continue to experience a good den and for Cotton at full prieee ; the sales to-day are 6,000 bags, of which 2,000 bags have been taken on speculation. LIVERPOOL SHARE LIST, JAN. 19.—Eastern Coun ties, £34 ; Debentures, 5i ; Grand Junction Half Shares, 95 ; London and Birmingham, 1711. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, JAN. 19.—Our market still continues heavy, prices receding. Man chester and Leeds, 781, London and South Western 58, Manchester and Birmingham 25 u 26, ditto Exten sion 8 a 3,i, Eastern Counties 8:1 a 9, Edinburgh and Glasgow 29 a 291, Union Bank of Manchester 8 a Bk. Demerara papers to the 28th November have been received, by which it is stated that the British Guiana Insurance and the British Guiana Steam Navigation Bills have passed the Court of Policy. The capital of the latter is to be 100,000 dollars, in the first instance, with power to increase it to a million, on the recom mendation of the Governor. The shares have been fixed at 50 dollars each, as it would allow the labourers who are now purchasing landed property to invest their capital in that speculation. The means of increasing emigration of the free labourers into the country are still under discussion, and various means are suggested of inducing the negroes of the Carribbee Islands and the United States to settle in British Guiana. Much discussion is also going on as to comparative value of property before and since the emancipation. The Guiana Chronicle mentions the fact of Plantation Sparta, which was bought in 1834 for 11,7001. having been recently sold for 18,0001. JAMAICA.—The accounts from this fine island are much more favourable, the planters and labourers be ing on much better terms, and the prospect for the fu ture more favourable than they have been for some time. Consols oponed heavy this morning ; left off at 90 Sellers for Money ; at present 894-- for the Account ; closed at 90i at present 89i 90, since which done at 90 to 90i We cannot as yet account for the heaviness of the market, but it is supposed that money is again getting tight. Exchequer Bills 8 10 prem. ; Bank Stock 169 171 ; this stock is 14 per cent, higher than it was a month since ; India Stock 251 253. In the Foreign Market Spanish Active is a shade lower ; left off at 242 at present 24 ; Deterred 12-g- e ; Passive 6-2-3 d ; Portuguese same us they left off, 321 2 ; Three per Cents. 201 ; Colombian 231 2 ; Mexican as they closed, 29,1 29 ; Brazilian the same, 72 73 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. 5014 ; Five per Cents. 982 992. SHARES.—Great Western 28 29 prem. ; New 13 14 prem. ; London and Brighton 6 6 dis. ; Black. wall 141 13 dis. ; Birmingham 83 85 prem. ; South ampton 57 58 per share ; Croydon 122 2 per share ; Greenwich 81 2 per share ; Manchester and Birming ham 15 13 dis. ; South Eastern and Dover 142 dis. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT OP+l.:. RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share. Bristol and Exeter 6O ...... 32 ... to Great Western London and Brighten London and Birmingham London and Greenwich (New)... 20 JOINT STOCK , BANKS. e• - London Joint Stock 10 Consols continue heavy, and have been done at 89i for the Account; at present may be quoted 891 90; i❑ the early part of the morning a little Money Stuck was brought to market, but not to say extent. We have a report of a failure in the mercantile line of a very respectable house to some extent, which has had rather an clfect upon the market. Exchequer Bills have fallen, 4 10 6 prem. ; India Bonds, 8 dis. ; India Stock,23l ; Bank Stock,l7o 171. Money is easy in the House at present, but is expected to be scarce in a few days. In the Foreign Market Spanish Active 2.11 ; Portuguese 324 ; Three per Cents. 20Z ; Brazilian 721 ; Dutch Two•and_a-Half per Cents. bOi; Five per Cents. 99k. In the Share Market scarce anything doing. London and Brighton .13f ; London and Birmingham 173. CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bank Stock 3 per Cent. Red 9o,i Ditto Bonds 3 per Cent Cons ...... .. 89z Ditto Old Annuities BBA 88 per Cent Red— .. 988- Ditto New Annuities... New 38 per Cent .. ... 978 Ex. Bills, 1,000/....2Ad Spm New 5 per Cent ... ...... Ditto 5001 Bpm Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small 9pm Jan. 1860. l3 3-16 Bank Stock for Acct ...170i Oct 1859... l3 India Stock for Acct - Jan. 1860 ... ...... 12 15-16 Consols for Opg FOREIGN FUNDS. A ustrian, 5 per cent... 1088 Portuguese, 5 per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent — Ditto, New Ditto._ . Brazilian Bonds ... .. .. Prussian, 5 per cent.... BuenosAyres, 6 percent 20i Russian, 5 per cent.... Chilian, 6 per cent Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, 5 per cent 2-I ' c! Ditto, 1824 — Ditto, Deferred ... Danish, 3 per cent..... French, 5 per cent...ll2f. —c. Greek, 1825, spercent. Exchange .. —f. —c. Mexi,an, 5 per cent.... French,3 per cent... —f. —c. Ditto, 6 per cent, 1825. Dutch, 2 per cent soi Peruvian,lB2s,6 per et,. Ditto, 5 per cent..... 99 SHARES. Bristol and Exeter (60 paid) .., ... .. 32 . . Great Western Railway (65 paid) 9Ol Ditto New Shares (50 paid) .... 624 London and Brighton Railway (50 paid) 43A London and Birmingham Railway (90 pd) 173 London and Greenwich Railway (20 paid) Ditto New Shares (:20paid) London and South Western Railway 57/ London and Croydon Railway (Trunk) North ALdland Railway (100 paid) 79 South Eastern and Dover (28 paid )... 121 THE NATIONAL DEBT AND CORN-LA WS. We copy the following from a pamphlet by a " Somersetshire Clergyman." It is, we are well as sured, quite visionary, as every thing true and good expected of the Legislature and of those in autho rity is quite visionary. To expect men in office to make sacrifices, or set an example of patriotism, is contrary to the whole course of nature. They struggle, they fight to enjoy the emoluments and power of office, and to give up those would be like parting with life. The Bishops, too, care nothing for Christianity, nothing for the Church, nothing for the people ; through their whole lives they seek wealth and power ; and to ask them to retire from the House of Lords and lay down their incomes is to ask the Ethiop to change his skin. This Somer setshire Clergyman, therefore, according to the language of the world, though his writing is emi nently eloquent and eminently Christian, is a poor spooney. But so it " ever bath been, shall be, be- neath the sun ;" and those who speak the words of truth and righteousness are crucified as malefactors, or ridiculed as fools. The extraordinary nature of the recommendation may, however, pique the curi osity of our readers, and therefore we insert it. It assumes the character of a speech delivered by her Majesty at the opening of Parliament : It has been stated that there are a thousand persons residing within a circle whose radius is ten miles, this house being the centre, whose united property could pay off the national debt. It is not to be expected, however, that any particular class should surrender their entire property ; and it is but just that all who have riches, that is, all who possess food, clothing, and habi tation, and something to spare, should bear their share its this noble enterprise. It is also not necessary that the whole sum of eight hundred millions be liquidated in one year. It will be more equitable to the present generation to extend the payment over the next twenty years ; and in the humble hope that I may live to see these my dominions free from debt I have determined to surrender. I.—All my palaces, lands, and forests, except Buck ingham Palace and Windsor Castle. 2.—A1l revenues derived from the Duchies of Corn wall, Lancaster, or any other source, except the Civi List. 3.—One-half of my annual income arising from the Civil List, including the funds from which pensions are paid, leaving all pensioners to seek a more honourable source of income. I have no doubt but that, in like manner, her Ma jesty the Queen Dowager will, out of the income of 100,0001. a-year, willingly cede to the nation which so willingly gave it, 90,000/. a-year ; and that, being only an individual without family or incumbrance, she will be most happy to live upon 10,000/. a-year. I am confident that my uncles, the Kings of Belgium and Hanover, will see it to be their duty to surrender all income or emolument which they now receive from this country. Each of my Ministers of State will be most happy to serve the country for 2,0001. a-year, and my ambas sadors, officers of my household, and all commissioners silt be reduced in like proportion. Out of regard to the peculiar sanctity of the office of the Bishops, and to prevent the scandal to religion which the wealth and pomp of the prelacy have brought upon it, I do, with the authority vested in me, as head of the Church in all things of a secular nature, recom mend thorn to cede their income, their palaces, and their lands, with the accumulated wealth they have laid up, to the supply of the exigencies of the State ; thus testifying their conviction that " it is more blessed to give than to receive ;" and in order that, having learned to abound, they may now learn in humble circumstances to be therewith conten ; and that they may render useful service; and, after the fashion of apostolic sim plicity, be able to appeal to their brethren, to witness that their own hands have ministered to their necessi ties. I further recommend them to depart from this House, and diligently to apply their minds, first to the practice and then to the preaching of Christ's holy gospel. A 3 head of the Church, I further propose that the property of all Chapters and Cathedrals, all incomes of Deans, Canons, and Prebends, and of all livings, the excess above 300/. a-year, be devoted to the samo great object ; and as it is one of the first lessons which the instructors of youth should instil into their minds to " owe no man anything," and as that precept is equally true of men in their collective as in their individual ca pacity, I would suggest to the masters, tutors, and fel lows of all colleges and endowed schools, to surrender one half of the estates of such colleges and schools. The property of the Lords Temporal, and a all wealthy commouers, 1 propose to set treefrom au en tail-and, by an Act of the Legislature, to abolish the law of pritnogeniture ; and I recommend that your Lord ships vie with each other in the extent of property that you will dedicate to this great object ; and let it henceforth be deemed a crime against the State for a wealthy man to leave property to those who are already wealthy, instead of bequeathing it to provide for the reasonable expenditure of the country to which he owes his birth, his many privileges, and the protection of his property. I am credibly informed that the less respectable por tion of the aristocracy are in the habit of violating the laws, and committing breaches of the peace, by wrench ing off knockers, breaking windows, and assaulting the po lice, for which the punishment which the lawsprovide is ut. terly inadequate ; I therefore propose that a fine of 1,0001. for each offence be paid.towards the liquidation of the na tional debt ; and if the offence be that of endeavouring by bribery or intimidation to influance an elector in the exercise of his franchise, that the fine in such case be the forfeiture of one half of the estate to the same pur pose ; and if the person so offending be in his minority, or not come into possession of his estate, one half of the estate of his father, who has brought up a son in princi ples arid practices so dishonourable. My Lords and Gentlemen—Permit me to assure you that the noble sacrifice which I now recommend will be infinitely superior to your ostentatious charities and subscriptions to religious societies. To sanction a sys tem which makes men poor, and then by parochial re lief, or gifts of bread, clothing, or fuel, to pretend to pity their poverty, is a mockery of true charity, which " soLketh not her own, which thinketh no evil, and re joiceth not in iniquity." You part with a few hundreds to feed the poor, but you take from them as many thou sands, and you glory in the deed. You subscribe to the building of churches ; and if you did so in the spirit of that man who, because he loved the Jewish nation, built them a synagogue, you would do well ; but you have no right to be generous until you have been just. You arc spending on churches that which is not yours, but which belongs to the people ; and such profession of religion, whilst you neglect its great command, "to love your neighbour as yourself," and " to do to others as you would that they should do unto you," is the very cause of the abhorrence which millions now feel towards that holy religion, and of the infidelity now so increas ingly prevalent. To the rich young man, who came to our Lord to ask what he should do, it was not said, " Build a synagogue," or " Subscribe to religious in stitutions," but—" Go and sell that thou bust, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven." The industrious millions of this empire are poor, and burthened with debt : I urge upon you the performance of the sacrifice which he whom you Frofe:ll to serve urged upon the rich when he was upon earth. If you do not trust in riches, you will willingly follow the advice which I give, and the example which I am about to sat ; and if you do trust in riches, the duty is still more urgent - , for all your prayers and services are nothing until you can become willing to part with all the treasure on which your heart is fixed. You are not invited to take upon you the Christian name until you have done this, since the order is " Go and sell that thou bast, and give to the poor," and then " come and follow me." You are not invited to pre sent your subscriptions to religious institutions ; on the contrary, so long as the people have just cause of com plaint against you, the command to you is, If thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother bath aught against thee, leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way ; first be recon ciled to thy brother, and then come and (Pr thy gift." Remove the evil consequences of those unrighteous wars in which you and your fathers have involved the nation ; do away with those partial and oppressive laws which you and your fathers have enacted ; and if you would have a religion worthy of the respect of common sense, imitate the converted publican Zaccheus, and say, " Behold, Lord, half of my goods I give unto the poor ; and if I have taken anything from any man, I restore him four-fold." Such a religion would be far better than the profession of even the purest creed, and would infinitely surpass the childish conceits of Puseyism. TOTAL Loss OF THE PHILESTRUS.—On Tuesday information reached Lloyd's of the total loss of the brig Philestrus, of Greenock, on the morning of Wednes day week last, in Dundrum Bay, on the coast of Ireland, and attended with dreadful sacrifice of life. It appears that the unfortunate vessel left New Orleans on Nov. 11. for Greenock, having on board a valuable cargo of cotton. The crew consisted of the master, Captain Delley, first and second mate, sixteen seamen, and three boys. At about three o'clock in the morning above-mentioned the vessel struck the sunken rocks in Dundrum Bay, and became in stantly a wreck. All perished except the second mate and two of the boys, who were washed on shore on a spar, to which they had lashed themselves. The spot where the catastrophe occurred is some miles from any habitation, and no assistance could be obtained. The survi vors re mained on the rocks eight and twenty hours, and were taken off by a fishing-smack. The loss of the vessel is reported to be 2,0001, COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, WEDNESDAY. - The Queen's private band attended after dinner yesterday at the Castle, and her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Al bert, and the distinguished guests, danced quadrilles and gallopades in the course of the evening. The compaliy separated about 11 o'clock. His Royal Highness Prince Albert went to Swinley Park this morning to enjoy the sport of shooting, at tended by Colonel Bouverie, Mr. G. E. Anson, Hon. C. A. Murray, and Lord Alfred Paget. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, attended by Lord Alfred Paget and Colonel Bouverie, rode out in a pony phaeton this afternoon ; and after the return of the Royal patty, her Majesty and his Royal Highness walked on the Terrace of the Castle and the Slopes. The Earl and Countess of Erroll and Lady Ida Hay arrived this ever/leg on a visit to her Majesty. The Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Fanny Howard, walked on the Slopes for some time to-day. Sir James Clark arrived this morning at the Castle, and took his departure in the evening. The Right Hon. Sir W. Fremantle, the Earl of Ux bridge, the Ladies Eleanore and Constance Paget, Lord Paget, Lord George Paget, Mr. G. E. and the Hon. Mrs. Anson, will have the honour of dining with her Majesty this evening. The Duke of Cambridge visited the Duchess of Gloucester yesterday, at Gloucester House. Solicitor-General, the Right Hon. Sir Char'es Grey, and Mr. Mattison, M. Y., had i nterv i ews with Vis count Melbourne yesterday in Downing -street. Sir Frederick Adam and Mr. Lynch had interviews with Lord John Russell yesterday at the Colonial-office. Mr. Edward Villiers had un interview with the Mar quis of Normanby yesterday at the Home-office. Despatches from the Governor of Western Austra lia were received yesterday at the Colonial- office. TII E WHITE MlLLlNER.—Jerrold's forthcom ing comedy at Covent-garden is said to be founded on an historical anecdote related by Walpole, and quoted by Pennant. In the New Exchange, or England's Burge, erected in 1608, north of the present Adelphi.terrace, and pulled down in 1735, a female, according to Walpole, sus pected to be the widow of the Duke of Tyrconnell, sup ported herself by the trade of this place. She sat in a •rhite mask and a white dress, and was known by the name of the IVltite Milliner. Vestris, of course, acts the On Friday last, the 15th instant, Thomas John Fisher, William Bovill, Henry Tyrwhitt Frend, George Hughes, Francis E wart, and Richard Couch, Esquires , were called to the Bar by the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple. MORN.] NG. ,t 1 f'y 1,110.N_ L ITE RA T U it E. EDINBURGH REVIEW, No. 146. Longman, London 1841. Colonel Napier's History of the Peninsular which has been so severely attacked by the or:111;e of the Tory party, because it exposed the errors of their policy as regards Spain and Portugal during Moore 's and Wellington's campaigns in those coun tries, forms the subject of the first notice in the .‘ present number of the Edinburgh Review. A highly favourable opinion is expressed of the Gal lant Colonel's history, of which the Reviewer says The work comes before us both as a work of ad and a testimony ; it might fail in the one capacity, yet retain all its value in the other ; but if it justly dial' lenge our admiration in both characters, then will it take its tank in after times with those few but precious records of antiquity, wherein the writer was an actor as . well as historian. Judging the work as 3 testimony, we find that it brings before us a newt correct, and striking view of a series of transaction s of importance, equalling any that are recorded in the story e,f mankind. Looking at it as a work of art, it demands our admiration as a clear, net' vous, and interesting narrative, enriched with profound and original disquisitians on the art with which the author is peculiarly con' versant, viz. that of war, and of which the campaigns he de: cribcs afford unequalled illustra' tions." This is great, and not unmerited, praise but we must protest against the remark that the historian relates "a. series of transactions of inn' portancc, equalling any that are recorded in the story of mankind." The Peninsular war could of course only have been of such importance, with re. ference to its effects on the colossal power of Na . poleon, and thereby on the destinies of Europe but it was a mere episode in the great struggle' which was not decided in Spain and Portugal, he t , among the snows of Russia, and on the field of Leipsic. Had Napoleon never invaded the Czar 'e dominions, or, even subsequently to that disastrous event, had he been able to maintain his ground in Germany, and beat back the Allies ; the 13ritish campaigns in the Peninsula, however successful' would have had but little influence on his fortunes; Spain and Portugal would indeed have been rescued from his iron grasp, but he would still have been 8 mighty conqueror, with the greatest and fairest portion of Europe at his feet. In hastily r unnilig, over some of the leading e v en t s i n th e Duke °' Wellington's Peninsular campaigns, the Reviewer observes of his Grace that " the very safety of Eng' land, brought to imminent hazard by th e ignoranc e and vices of faction,and of factious Ministers, depend . cd on the fortitude, sagacity, and good fortune of on e man alone—and that man was the Duke of We l ' lington, who directing, and being assisted by, the indomitable courage and energy of an Enlt army, and favoured, too, by the fortune which o ha' deserted the great captain of the age, saved us freer disgrace and ruin, and brought the bloody contes t to a successful issue." On the " Life and Gelling' of Rubens," is a criticism on the paintings of this great artist, whose splendid colouring and fertili t ; of invention are dwelt on with special em phasis' The remark that " his n o ti ons o f th e h uman figer in both sexes were so bi asse d i n f avour o f Flemis h exuberance, as to render them very unfit ve hicle' aalb " for the representation of refi ne d s en ti men t, digniut o passion, or pathos,' will be corroborated by al are familiar with the paintings of Itt ha g ' "Wrongs and Claims of Indian Commerce" i s well considered statistic article, in which, after re d ' commending that a fair proportion of the hr (4 ,l current, of British enterprise should b e direet e to the shores of the east, to which end the diffusion of popular inf orma ti on i s the fi rst requisite," the Reviewer i ns i s t s th a t t h e amend' e went of the laws un d er w hi c h l an ds a r s sold for the recovery of arrears of revenue, r s hs measure indispen sa bl e a lik e f or t h e secur i t y 0' t",if public resources, and to give safety and facilitY transfer, and warmly urges its adoption, " wit h° l l, loss of time," by th e I n di an Legislature. "1.4°, hart's Anci en t Sp an i s h B a ll a d s " i s a rev i e w °' (' „ delightful little work publish e d many y ea rs sg and lately republished. In thi s cr i t i c i sm we are assured, and the observation is a just one, that t tj translator 's has caught the emphatic feature, % l ie has in so doing combined sufficient fidelity in d copy without losing the freedom and unconstrai n flow of his original, which he has frequently o ,', proved by a judicious p run i ng ." " Effects of t'Ll Protective System," enters into this often-discuss, l uee,u,:i dr considerable length, and advocates jig', alia a thorough r e f ormat i on of the policy of P r° , I tection, the Reviewer contending that " on less i , decided chan g e sh a ll t a k e p l ace , our manu f ae turl interest will be pla ce d i n t h e most imminent J,,efi; pardy." On the " Fi nanc i a l S tate o f t h e Roads" is another article, exclusively of a;pla cll , - a 1 character, and is p enne d i n a j ust an d 0 1 °, 1 ' 1 .'0 spirit. Of " Fra nce an d th e E ast " we S hall present say nothing, as we shall probably take early opportunity of canvassing the question o f another part of The Sun. " Comic JJ ram atiet s the Restoration" is a lively, ingenious essaYt.P. e o vaded by a sound and healthy tone o f critic is m and morals. We quote a p assage or two , spirit of which we cordially agree, and wht e- ro je fl suggested by the 'grant indec enc i es o f the CO writers of the days of Charles the Second , 0 3 " Dryden defends d or excuse d hi s own o ff en ces t ;Is those of his contemporaries, by pleading the exe j ; g b of the earlier En g li s h d ramat i sts ; an d M r . P e i ; e , Hunt scents to think that there is force in the Pr o We altogether diff e r front this opinion. The e r . i ps charged is not mere coarseness of expression. ie terms which are delicate in o ne age , b ecome grt )s ',l 3 o the next. The dicti on o f th e E ng li s h vers i o n o' f , Ol Pentateuch, is sometimes such as Addi son would a n d have ventured to imitate ; a nd Addi son , th e stse": o of purity in his own age, used many phrases which td now proscribed. Whether a thing shall be design s by a plain noun-substantive, or by a eircumlocutief'ir mero matter of fashion. Morality is not at a t il terested in the question. But morality is deer,' - IA terested in this—that what is immoral shall ef t s , presented to the imagination of' the young and", ll e , ceptible in constant connexion with what is attrac, / , i s For every person who has observed the operation of law of association in his own mind, and in the inin u i to others, knows, that whatever is constantly p r esent the imagin a tion in conn e xi on w i t h w h at i s a ttract s 0 , will commonly itself become attractive. There is bet doubtedly a great deal of i n d e li cate wr i t i ng in Fle e 0 and Messinger ; and more th an m i g h t b e wished e l r in Ben Janson and Sitakspearc, wh o are co mparati se n f pure. But it is impossible to trace in their play s . systematic systematic attempt t o assoc i ate v i ce w i t h t h ose tP l i which men value most and desire most, and virtue 0 everything ridiculous and degrading. And seci i l . systematic attempt we find in the whol e dramatic ' l. O l. raturc of the generation which followed the re turn Charles the Second." FIRE AT BERMONDSEY.—Yesterday abut four, a destructive fire broke out on the Pre' l Per occupied by Mr. Witcher, tallow-melter, Crucific-lathe Bermondsey. It appears that the fire originated re warehouse, but from what cause cannot at present be 0 , certained. From the early hour at which the fire ee s i h merited, and from the inflammable nature of the mat the flame had attained a terrific ascendancy before re d, assistance could be rende re d , or an y engines had arr i ea d On their arrival the firemen immediately cornMe li . d e• operations, and, havi n g a pl ent if u l supp l y o f wa ter, t he ceeded, by great exertions, in confining the fire T et a area in which it co mmence d, t h e adjoining buildings % t ot but partially injured, but it was not till near ly bsi 7 r t eo seven o'clock that the fire was g o t u n d er — e ven b g e b o'clock the firemen were still playing on the ruins. 7 gr , emitted vast columns of smoke. The whole 01 ho ot • Wileber's extensive war e hous e , cover i ng a space Of Du os a quarter of an acr e , i s com pl ete ly d estroye d, merelY t i o . bare walls of the dwellinge-house are left standing. 0 fortturatei)v.se very valuable cart-horse was burnt t'4, 130 cinder, although every effort was made to save it. t i e , greater portion of the valuable s tock o f raw a nd ineenrhe tured tallow, &c., has become a prey to the flarnes• so d brewery and store-house belonging to Messrs. Ce%roi. Mr. Harrison, the woolstapler's, warehouse, were c°ttod derably injured, and some damage d one t o the sur" s cot ing buildings. The amount of damage cannot at PI! o a• be estimated, but is supposed to exceed 4,0001. It is derstood the parties arc all insured. AMERICAN SINGING.,—" The 01 Mill," by Russell, is published by Prentiss.(Le‘riV-willi i 1 Mill," properly sung you can hear the water fall and th e move.—Boston Post. h l i ANCIENT CONCERTS.—The sAventy-fifth son of the Queen's Concerts of Ancient Music will COto mence on the 10th of March, and the rest of the Pen: 2 1st sores will take place as follow :—March 246, Apr il ., . t h and 28th, May s t h, 12 t h, 19t h , an d 26.1 n The Jue""' t ho will be performed on the 2d of June, which will close seas , n. fi e ll / HAYDN'S NAT AL D AY .—It has been rtsta. settled that H a3 d n ' s magn ifi cen t com p o sition, Th e 1. sons, shall be performed by the Professional Cbe r ,, a ciety on the 31st of March, being the natal day of the mortal author, who was born in 173'2. o re' A LOUISIANA LESION.—We have bee n i be sented with a noble specimen of the lemon, raised 0 7 1 a i r , plantation of M. Foideveau, at Atthkapas, in the ° Pebo which for size and flavour equals anything that ce!?: e bee desired. It measures in circumference seventeen tw o one way, and the other eighter n inches. Its weig ht lf4o pounds fourteen ounces; it is estimated to make a of good puncb.—.LQuistaha Advertiser. § pt. ll .° Gra ti of °I . the 11e Petty th 4 r 4 l ng• 41,4 trsotoPs( ~ • p