The Sun. — London, England, 1841-12-24 00:00:00

IViORNING SUN 7777.`a THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. FREE-TRADE CONFERENCES. t o take advantage of your permission , Contribute on alternate days to your columns, aete:tjo ier ns into a further examination of the ob of the Times on the Derby and m ltt lehester Free-Trade Conferences ; and I of.L ll to confine myself principally to one mode th - 9 ,1 y, which shall be by constantly supposing t c ,.. ° L'the' landowners had worked out their sen e-ZOT'it bounty on the importation of foreign 4 14 - `„ ' ', ol '.'five-and-twenty years as justice is de -I,l4",Quik, and were answering the same mutalis mutandis, in our mouths against of the bounty. 0 , 0 %..5.p statements of the Derby sympathizers go to 11 1 :: tnat in the manufactures of the midland districts log, been a downward progression, or rather retro itt,,,i°ll, for these five-and-twenty years. Does that i e -the existing distress of those districts to be the tie,t. of the present Corn-law ? We should rather 47, 4 not, inasmuch as the present Corn-law is only of p'" half that standing."—Times, Dec. 14, 1841. tathaticY the change described, and " we should en her think" they would tell us, that the differ -4%,, of time relied on was only a quibble, inas se;'" as the law, thopgh not in precisely its pre t form, had existed for five-and-twenty years and more. th:`A more rational inference, we suspect, would be, f the cause of our diminished manufactures is to be t)411 , 5 1 in the pacification of Europe, which, five and lib e e "'Y years ago, set the nations of the continent at t h e rt Y to pursue the arts of peace, the developement of ewn resources, and the employment of their native rt aI ICY the landowners groaning under a bounty fur 'o- corn, as they will be, and told to ref e • it r all to the pacification of Europe. ' Shen, overlooking or neglecting these circum o"ces; our manuf a cturers continued to increase their t r ZProduction, and by invitations of fresh operatives kW' the country to multiply the numbers dependent on Vogt trade, then, however we may feel for the Vor artisans, however we may regret even the disap ceittntitnnients and losses of the masters themselves, yet , d e i n : ---y we cannot submit our understandings to the r e l y now attempted by those masters, nor lend our es to the iniquitous project for making up their un -sneenlations at the expense of their neighbours." t h eir neighbours being us the supporters of .! uOunty. But let us remember, when the - s, ; _,;utnes, that " we cannot submit our under zsmings.,l ok,. :r ile plaint uttered at Derby by the midland mill itre3,4_ has made itself heard among their northern etir r en at Leeds and at Manchester, and they have re thaNd the cry w i t h a s h r ill n e s s which strikes very d ep t lY on the ear, however little it may move the un• ,P i ,an cling."— Times, 18th Dec. 1841. eiriernber this, when duke calls upon squire t eli a responsive moan, on the tribulations of a 4 , ,!tY on imported corn. off.Xe art of the whole is to make truth serve the purpose tr k Z:ehood. h is true now, and unhappily it has oft en been before, and is likely to be often true again, that itiil3,allufacturing districts are in a state of suffering; but 14 n 'alse that their suffering is exclusively the result of tk e rrn-laws, and equally false that any material re of t i" of that suffering would be effected by the repeal el n."—/b think • to Ilk how magnanimously we will say all this th e re landlords, when they tell us that they and bouts should be the better for the removal of the Thy on imported corn. tlet'aueporyphwus of the meeting at Leeds was a gen ,13,11411; of that ilk,' named T. Flint. The Plintian 1 410' 84 1 is a little incomplete, being simply this—Corn eziat—distress exists—therefore the distress has 'v used by the Corn-laws."—lb. A li t will parody the argument, and say, " The t:,, ti Pg - House-Square syllogism is as follows :- 4 . , 1 ;ty exists—less English corn exists—there totlnt'Lle„ diminution has been caused by the ` . !r b Y • tho. , k e gentlemen who followed Mr. Plint were &c.— N Z".ole of their argument, as disposed of by the two 4 ot t eitions which &c.—first, that the modification, if e t .,,, e total abolition, of the Corn-laws is requisite, in enable the mill-owners, by a reduction of wages, r ,"rsell their foreign competitors, which has been 6 1 7 of the manufacturers;"—A. Gorki t his point the landowners have hoaxed the I ng classes and the classes have, a working 4 ri- grea t extent, swallowed the bait. The land the .`r doubles the price of bread; which obliges kie: las ter manufacturer to advance the double and the operative carries it in his hand to the AtitirPer, who is the receiverfor the landlord. !!ttp e . Is, says th e l an dl or d, i s your wages ; take not to diininish your wages! The falsehood to nut-shell ; it is not your wages, it is the 141 1 . e landlord. And the working man that 41 tot see this wh en h e i s told, is fit stuff to e cushions .that tyranny rests its back parts • .44 4°41 1 4 4 secondly, that the Ministerial measure would allA„,,e had the -fli nt of lower i ng t h e p r i ce o f b rea d a t 1 14 413 4 h has been the doctrine of the political ecoro nisOe shall leave the Leaguers to reconcile these k legations as they may."—lb. k•-• :AIN I shall not let the landlords off the ) because they - Vrove - •that some of the the= Cal economists have made simpletons of N i s eives. Perhaps they . were. n ~he enemy's 4 43 4 ".,' 0 Y. But Without insisting.. _that, there thOtideniably been too much done to coax the tlti f .t es to come out and be hanged, on the plea 44 i t would not hurt them much. Which will j,eC no reason, why the thieves should go on. i h alY next shall be noticed the observations kit," e ,Nlanclic 'ter conference, and if room per lli.e-I;trie attention of your readers directed to 1/IterTossibility of a Government's going on, 4.6 4 ' e t , cause has come to be rested on such Wii4" e i S of the common-sense and justice by the the world, badly as it is, is governed, as 80 14 4 o nes produces. To which shall be added that f urther circumstances leading to the belief, 1/ hieh tile . question of Free Trade is the point on 41.4 in the Cromwellian phrase, our enemies Glac e liv ered into our hand, and that here is the 4411 grid time for the Liberals to sound the Rally Re-form, Yours sincerely, 131 4 T. PERRONET THOMPSON. !i . s e,_ lleath, Dec. 23, 1841. have just seen the letter of Mr. Cob 'ast-: t he Morning Chronicle of yesterday. to t h e c ! claim s the twenty millions a-year as due hve of Late upon the present rental, and irrespec tf„,, t he Corn-law, is a new light. Let us then , at th , t h at, and the Compensation Bounty too. e last is the best to drive. The other neu tlt lapelralit the 1- • for commiseration on the score C t a)C. 104 - ' 4 I.INTREE CHURCH-RATE. v h t iz t .THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. li' t a i ku,„ a lay of the readers of The Sun will have heard tbm , 4111 4107 1 , 11 ` 18 e, and perhaps with alarm also, that Mr. Iv . has been paid with costs, and that t the pro eofereeagainst him in the Consistory Court . of London f l'es ttkiii&P., a Ytnent of a rate made by the minorty . o Ur i lit r z ti in g, have thus terminated by his submission. L H ! -°lllrder's own sake, and for the good name of El l e'l l iii i ' sB enters, it is to be deeply regretted that our - '`'lti• ltif . ; l lE9ll has not had moral courage to hold . on an 'ell.k tio " course, in unshrinking consistency with his tlvti„wa Principles of religious freedom, but has been 3 e - Consenting to the payment of the rate by the 0 ,_', 1% , ° 1 ;a near relative on his behalf—a tacit arrange atie','"eii in itself but further illustrates that " one 1, 4 Canting"—mora/ courage to suffer, or to act. tofr,tys public character as the champion of a principle, ii,pipPorted in this position: by a public fund, Mr. It tldirs conduct is amenable to public animadversion, 1# • 3 ,, 4 , very wholesome that it should be so. ~.• `"c circumstances of his position, Mr. Burder was , l 'igl l6 - `"e for the public cause, in the struggle for the lolli ti - „ u i f the majority in vestry meetings, and in aban lie has betrayed his trust in this matter. He ttiti e ftuainently, one of the representatives of dissenting ",on - ra n and leaders of dissenting action upon the ques ,lAry%.`httrch-rates, and although protected from pecu 'itteeLtifices by the intervention of the Braintree Corn :lPleeamhas shrunk from the assertion of those prin '..jaqu^ by his bad example greatly discouraged that . fn . r T m e ;was one . of the depositaries of public confi q:s Bum,' unswerving advocacy of a great public ques- IvNaa r-rte d by the confiding subscriptions of those sOk n °. personal knowledge of Mr. Burder, but_ del ti in him was their faith in man, and he has b: ft A tha t confidence, and put his associates upon their L a tesrbfere the country. He has made it necessary to "ee e n, the subscribers and the public, that the Brain „se,,tePtit tee numbers men " good and true" to t he ,Pty .'7.have espoused and the trust they have ac ' a nd • that, as a Committee, they have not aban -0• 10,71,, s will not abandon their post, nor fail to dis -rio--"dlestly, and boldly, the duties incident to their Ong tely after it became known that the late pend ,„' at4e,y — a had b een quas hed by the payment of Mr. ▪ 4t4t4t di.s 8' at e. the Committee met, and directed the vibution of the following circular : 4 04 4 : 0 th e "Braintree, Nov. 27, 1841. of rate-payers of Braintree, opposed to the exac iltke, b -urch-rate by AN ARBITRARY MINORITY, in the '41h6, 1 11 ,t against iirs will, of the parish, in vestry as 4. 14: °11 1• ki hltmler's rate having been paid by a near relative :( o r elf, and the trial of the great question of the t° i n a moral or constitutional sense it were ab- Pity of talk of the right) of any, even the smallest, mino hara;te-Payers, to tax the whole parish by Church llti..6vi`ng thus been evaded in this case—the Braintree ” 4 111 0 , atth-rate Committee request that any pa- I v i i e ci r against whom proceedings may next be taken, wi i t i nl y in sincerity and truth deterinine to resist „4 Dar. then forthwith apply to the said Committee, i , "c r e en - d P u r e e t Pared, as in Mr. Burder's case, to undertake ek e. of the cause, and to meet the expenses of its " SAMUEL COURTAULD, Chairman." mi ss eli, r ate will now be forthwith demanded of other ant rs ; and as' it may be reasonably hoped we are No 4 ll, blessed with such friends as Mr. Burder, nor Ito tio•YLPassive and plastic in their hands, there can be but that ' ,the will some honest Noncon kt anun2,'Ettfsine name. and speedily,be b lltt i4i6a ue and case w again, ti el i) ; u. e u ic may sti 1 con en y r . y s fs In& ee Committee,that to the extent of their 9 4,7 4 ,,i,i,a.present they are ample) the question now wi the validity of a rate made by a minority 111 vestry, shall be as vigorously prosecuted, and as fully and conclusively tried, as the question previously depending in the Braintree case has been, viz. that of the validity of a rate made by a minority (the Churchwardens) out of vestry—equally the sequel to the refusal of a rate by a majority in public meeting. SAMUEL COURTAULD. Braintree, Nov. 29, 1841. SABBATH OBSERVANCE. TO THE EDITOR OF TRE SUN, Stn,—lt is only this moment that I have re ceived your paper of the 20th, or "J. S. (Bays water)" would have had an earlier notice of his ; Sabbath letter, at least, with your permission. I add such notice underneath. 11. PRICE. Needwood Parsonage, Burton-on-Trent, Dec. 22. " J. S. (Bayswater)" seems, by his remarks on my letter, to forget as fast as ie reads, and before he can take up his pen to reply. His observa tions, also, on the Sabbath question, are alike inconclusive. He is astonished I cannot find a Christian Sab bath in the words—" At evening, being the first day of the week, when the doors were shut for fear of the Jews, came Jesus, and stood in the midst of them." And I am equally astonished that any one should think he can and does find a Sabbath in such words! But J. S.'s aptitude for finding a Sabbath is, indeed, wonderful ! He can pick one up (Luke xxiv.) under the feet of the two disciples returning from Emmaus, them selves never dreaming of a Sabbath-day being so near them on the first day of the week—return ing from Emmaus, to which they had gone from Jerusalem that very morning. How is it that these two disciples were breaking the very first Christian Sabbath, if it was one, almost betbre our Lord was well-risen from the dead ? From Acts i., 1 2, we learn that a Sabbath-day's journey was about a mile ; and here we find two dis ciples, on the very first supposed Christian Sab bath, on the very day of our Lord's rising from the dead, taking a walk of nearly sixteen miles, being, according to St. Luke, three-score fur longs distant, which Josephus thus confirms : " yco:4 Dwv lEfoo - 6Aulkwv o-ra3touc Er i y_ov7a," about 7 English miles ! But what makes it certain that these two disciples were not dreaming of that first day of the week being a Sabbath, is the ilia that they did not at that mo ment believe that their Lord was risen from the dead! ! ! J. S. is alike inconclusive in every other part of his quotations and reasonings. A feebler opponent no one could desire ! But I have no desire for one of any kind. My object is not polemical. A great, and generally very ill-understood, subject is now afloat. It has been set afloat to oppose arbitrary and tyrannical pro ceedings, attempted to be founded on THAT SA CRED WORD which, rightly interpreted, will be found, of all writings in the world, to present the most powerful barrier against tyranny and oppression of - any kind, whether civil, eccle siastical, or spiritual. As my aged opponent seems to be, from his own account, between ten and twenty years older than myself, now, also, an old man, I gladly sheathe my sword, tenderly throw my shield over him, and carry him with only one wound, which could not possibly be avoided, to Sir Andrew Agnew, who, perhaps, may be glad of so experienced a warrior, and who may sedulously nurse the healing of his wound, pre paratory to fixture combat. But J. S. may as well be told (as old age, though timid, is some times obstinate) that if he be again met with in the same field, he must not expect to be again so tenderly handled. MEETING OF BRITISH RESI DENTS AT HAMBURGH. HAMBURGH, DEC. 17.—0 n Monday last, about a hundred of the most distinguished English residents of this city met at the Old City of London Tavern, to celebrate, by a public dinner, the late auspicious event of the birth of an heir-apparent to the British throne. The dinner was decided upon at a public meeting of the British residents, held immediately after the arrival in Hamburgh of the intelligence that a Prince had been born. At the same meeting addresses of congratulation to her Majesty and to Prince Albert were adopted, and these were subsequently transmitted by the Chairman (Cfolonel Hodges) to England. It was determined at the same time that the dinner should be got up with a degree of splendour hitherto unknown in Hamburgh, and that invitations should be sent to a deputation of the Senate, to the whole of the diplomatic body, to Count Blucher-Altona, the President of the sister city, and to Colonels Stephani and Stockfleth, the two commanding officers of the regular troops and of the burgher guard of Hamburgh. No pains were spared by the Committee of Manage ment. The room was handsomely decorated with flags and fine exotic plants, the place of honour being assigned to a bust of the Queen. Colonel Hodges, the British Charge d'Affaires, presided, in full uniform, supported on the right and left by Syndic Sieveking, Syndic Banks, Senators Dammert and Jcnisch, and the remainder of the guests who bad been invited. Of the diplomatic body there were present the Prussian and Austrian Envoys, and the Ministers and Charges d'Affaires of Hanover, Denmark, Sweden, France, Russia, and Meck lenburg-Schwerin. Those of Belgium and 11:11and would no doubt - have also been present, had they not been absent from Hamburgh. All these distinguished guests appeared either in uniform or in lull Court costume. EMIGRATION.—The subject of emigration is exciting great interest throughout Germany at present. I wrote to you some time ago to say that an indirect application had been made to Lord J. Russell, with a view to obtain some advantages for German emigrants in our Australian colonies, and that it was likely that the application would be renewed in a more formal manner in the name of the German Diet sitting at Frankfort. In my opi nion, the acquisition annually of some thousands of German colonists, well acquainted with the cultiva tion of the vine and the tending of sheep, would be of inestimable value to Australia, nor do I think there would be the most remote danger of the formation of an imperium in imperio, a genuine British character, such as no partial immigration of Germans could now effect, having already been stamped upon those colonies. The public men in Germany who have taken the matter into their hands are sanguine in their expectations that the British Government will come into their views, and have already made a beginning, having entered into a contract with the New Zealand Company for the purchase of a large tract of land and the concession of some important advantages. 'The Diet will not lose sight of the matter. It will form a subject of discus sion at their next meetings, and will soon be put into a tangible shave. Indeed something they must do. It is heartrending to read the accounts that reach us, mostly through private channels, of the treatment experienced by the unfortunate German emigrants that fall into the hands of unprincipled crimps in the Dutch, French, and Belgian ports. The poor people are generally stripped of Every thing they possess, half starved, and otherwise ill treated during the voyage, and landed in a state of utter destitution in America. Yet emigration goes on, and will continue to go on, from the more densely peopled parts of Germany, and it be comes the duty of the Governments of Germany, as they cannot prevent emigration, to organise some plan by which provision may be made for the protection of a class of men who a:e not in a condition to protect themselves. [With reference to the above statement that a purchase has been made by a German agent from the New Zealand Company, we find an article of some length in the Allyenieine Zeitung of the 10th inst., where it is said that M. Sieveking, of Hamburg, has bought the Cha tham Islands, containing an area of about 750,0.00 acres. The purchase money is to be 10,000/., and 50,000 acres are to be reserved for the natives. The contract is to be ratified on the 12th of March, 1842, and the first in stalment of 1,0001. is to be paid within two months of that date. The purchasers are then to have two years to send agents to examine the land, and at the expiration of that time they are to be at liberty to complete the purchase, by paying the remainder of the money; or, if not sa tisfied with their bargain, they may rescind it, by abandoning the deposit of 1,0001. Mr. Sieveking, it seems, proposes to establish the colony according to the Wakefield system. The land is to be sold at a minimum price of 21. per acre ; one-half to form an emi gration fund, for the conveyance of poor German la bourers to Chatham Island ; and the other half to be applied to the liquidation of the purchase-money, and to the expenses that must necessarily be incurred in the first establishment of the colony. The New Zealand Company, it appears, have pledged themselves to use their interest with the British Government to Otain the necessary sanction to the arrangement 4 CITY OF LONDON GENERAL PENSION SO. CIE TY.--LIBERALITY OF THE RUSSIAN AMBASSADOR.— Mr. H. F. Richardson, the indefatigable Secretary of this praiseworthy Institution, has had the honour to re ceive from his Excellency Baron Brunow a letter, of which the following is a copy, containing expressions highly honourable to that distinguished " Ashburnham House, Dec. 20, 1841. " Baron de Brunow presents his compliments to Mr. H. F. Richardson, and begs to say that he feels much flattered by the kind attention paid to him by the Trea surer and Directors of the City of London General Pen sion Society. He is particularly pleased to know that his friendly feelings for the suffering poor are appre ciated in this country, but not being certain of the per manence of his sojourn in England, he would hardly venture upon ac c epting the title of Vice-President, so kindly offered to him. Ho therefore begs to return his best thanks to the Directors of the Society, and begs to inclose a cheque for 10 guineas as a donation, which he feels much gratified to offer to the Secretary of the City of London General Pension Society. " To IL F. Richardson, Esq., &c., 20, King's Arms -yard, Coleman-street." The Correctional Tribunal of Gap, in the Hautes Alpes, has been employed three days on the trial of several persons, arrested as participators in the dis turbances at St. Bonnet, in the beginning of September, in opposition to the census. Sixteen prisoners were brought to the bar, and all were sentenced to short periods of imprisonment, from five to twenty days, or else to 31401 Aries, BRIGHTON AND CROYDON RAILWAY, No trace has yet been obtained of gr. Wood, the late Secretary to the London and Brighton Railway Com pany, although some old and experienced officers are on the look-out for him. His defalcations to the Com pany are, as already stated, small ; but we regret to say that several individuals, of whom he borrowed money on the very eve of his flight, are among the sufferers by his conduct. The unfavourable state of the weather ht,s retarded greatly the operations of the Croydon Railway Company in clearing the slip at New Cross ; but we are glad to learn that the line will be again open throughout this day. The Brighton Railway shares have experienced a great and rapid rise this week, having advanced no less than 1 per cent. in a single day. After being as low as 35, they were quoted on Saturday at 39 ; and yesterday at half-past one o'clock they were 37-,1. Notwithstanding the delay occasioned by the slip on the Croydon Railway, the Brighton trains now perform the whole distance from Brighton to London in two hours and a half.—Brighton Gazette of yesterday. REMINISCENCES OF THE EM PEROR NAPOLEON. (Extracted from the French of Tinion.) Napoleon devoted a great deal of personal attention to the celebrated code which bears his name. Several clauses of it emanated from his pen. He made some speeches in reference to the punish. ment of transportation which were full of sensibility. " If," said he, " you prevent the wife of a transported convict from following him you had much better kill the condemned man at once. His wife would then be able at least to raise a tomb to him in her garden, and there go and weep." It was he who fixed the age of marrying, and who made the wife swear obedience to her husband in the nuptial ceremony. He added jokingly—" This oath of obedience is very necessary in Paris, where the women imagine they have a right to do whatever they wish." Napoleon desired that none of his subjects should be at liberty to open a school just as they might an old clothes shop : he desired that the despotic unity of the Government should be introduced into the lyceums ; that a body of lay Jesuits should be intrusted with the moral and political education of the people, and should report all their proceedings to the Emperor ; that the feet of this great body should rest on the benches of the College and its head in the Senate ; that the teach ing of the " Napoleon religion" should c om mence a t the cradle ; that the history of ancient Gaul should be universally studied, and that the professors should " take up their vows" by espousing the university in the same manner as the monks were formerly accustomed to es pouse the cause of the Church. He only looked upon the annual deaths, from 15,000 to 20,000 persons in Paris alone, as "a splendid battle." He only ezteemed military fanaticism. "It is ne cessary to possess it," he used to say, " in order to get one's-self killed." He never liked, unless when seized by a temporary caprice, to interfere in religious matters. He was very indignant against the clergy, who wished to reserve all moral influence to themselves, and to leave him merely a physical influence, and exclaimed, " They keep the soul to themselves and leave me nothing but the carcase." He looked upon religion, as upon everything else, in a political light. " Religion," said he, "connects with Heaven an idea of equality which prevents the poor from assassinating the rich." He converted missionaries into so many diplomatic agents for the accomplishment of his distant designs. He used to remark, " Everything in religion ought to be gratuitous, and for the people. The obligation of paying at the doors of churches, or of paying for seats, is revolting ! It is not right to deprive the poor, merely because they are poor, of that which consoles them in their poverty." He sacrificed, without the least remorse, private in terests to those of the State ; but he, nevertheless, ma nifested on several occasions a lively sympathy for pri vate rights. He used to complain that be had nothing to do but to sign decrees, and he organized, of his own accord, the fine institution called the Commission du Contentieux. " Can you believe," be once said, " that my uphol sterer has dared to charge me 100,000 f. for a badly made throne and six arm-chairs ?" This was the only cause of the jurisdiction over the provisions of the civil list with which the Council of State was invested. The following are some of his maxims relative to tax . ation : " It is better to let money remain in the hands of the citizens than to keep it locked up in a cellar. "6 We must know how to give in order to receive. " A revenue of 600,000,000 f. ought to be sufficient for France in times of peace. " The us must n )t be laden on every side. " One ought to k we space and water for nothing ; it is quite cuougn to have to pay -for salt." The' following is another of his maxims, immoral even in its morality : " Monied men must be managed by means of money." He always entertained a warm sympathy for the emi grants. He restored them all of their property that had not. butt sold, and his policy inclined him to grant them .an indemnity. He wished, for the sake of the people, to reduce the prices of admission to the theatre. He u s ed , to observe—. " There is seldom any government more tyrannical than that which professes to be a paterr al one." The above were his opinions and axioms when Con sul. When, however, Napoleon became Emperor he was much more reserved and guarded in his conversa tion, and more anxious regarding his destiny, of the close of which he seemed to entertain a presentiment. But in the bosom of his Council of State the thoughts of Napoleon often escaped through his lips, and his ideas then sought to find an echo in the minds of those who surrounded him. On the return of Napoleon-from his great victories, he had scarcely time to take off his spurs before a noise of arms was heard at the door of the Council chamber, and the drums were sounded three times. The folding-doors were then thrown wide open, and the usher cried out, " Gentlemen, make way for the Emperor !" Napoleon walked at a quick pace to his arm-chair, and, having saluted the members, he sat down and put on his het ; whilst his officers, and occasionally foreign Princes, ranged themselves behind him with their heads uncovered, and kept a profound silence. I was present at the famous sitting which took place after his return from the battle of Henan. The Emperor, pale and pensive, and not yet re covered from the fatigues of his journey, made us enter his cabinet. He then, without sitting down or making any preparation, called loudly for M. Jaubert, the Go vernor of the B ankr of France, who had been so impru dent (observed the Emperor) as to discount bills with too great a degree of precipitation. Napoleon unrolled the regulations of the Bank, and explained their nature with the clearness of a censor or of a professor. It was a strange thing to hear a soldier discoursing on the or ganisation of banks, and upon the theories of discount. M. Jaubert, who was a mild and timid man, lisped forth a few words in excuse, which we were unable to hear. The doors of the grand hall were re-opened; every one sat down, and the Council proceeded to business. The Emperor made a long pause. He appeared ab sorbed by his reflections ; his head involuntarily fell upon his bosom, and he mechanically cut to pieces with his penknife pens, paper, and tablecloth. At length he exclaimed, as if waking from a dream, " The Bava rians ! the Bavarians ! I have passed over their bodies. I have killed Wrede.* Invasion threatens ! Time pres ses ! Well,gentlernen, what will you do ; what have you got to say " Sire," replied Regnault de St. Jean d'Angley, " rely upon the valour of the Dutch." " The Dutch! It is not blood that runs in their veins, it is only coloured water." " But, Sire, addresses are already pouring in from all parts of the empire„ and all the various bodies in the state are making protestations of their fidelity and devo tion.° " DO not. talk to me in this way, Monsieur Renault. Do you think that I am ignorant of the manner in which these addresses are got up? What do they amount to? Can I believe in their sincerity ? It is money and men that we want, and not empty phrases : and you, gen. tlernen, who are all eminent citizens, fathers of families, and fathers of the State us well, it is 5 our duty to re-ani mate the public mind by the eloquence of your exhorta tions. Proclaim at once the shame and the miseries of the invasion with which the empire is menaced." But these words were spoken to late. The empire hourly approached its downfal and ultimate ruin ! Napoleon thought as much. BREAD IN PARIS AND LONDON.--The as size, or fixed price of bread of the first quality in Paris, as regulated by the municipal authorities of that city for the second fortnight of the current month of De cember, is 34 centimes for the loaf weighing one kilo gramme, which-at ,the present course of Exchange in Paris on London, for. bills at one month's date of 25f. 35c. "money" per pound sterling, corresponds with five pence three farthings and rather more than one-third (thirty-niiie 'hundreds) of a farthi ng, for the Engli s h four-pound loaf; and the price at which the hest, or " full-priced," as it is called, - bread, is iioiv gert&allysell ing in London, being ten-pence—forilie-four- pound loaf, (although in some quarters of ihe-toWntaligher rate is demanded), shows that bread of the first quality is dearer in London than,in,Paria_by_ fourpence and sixteenths of a farthing :for, or rather on the four•pound loaf, being at the rate of seventy-one per cent., w i t hi n a very mi nute fraction unworthy of notice ; an d t h at for the same amount of money,, 'namely, ten-pence as a b ove, which can purchase in.. London no more than f our pounds of the best bread, there may be obtain e d, i n Paris, six p oun d s thirteen ounces, and exceeding seven drachms, English weight, of bread of the first quality, both the quality and the weight being guaranteed by law ; and this re markable difference, it may be observed, exists at a dis tance of less than thirty hours' journey, by post, from London. The first instance of new s p a p ers giving p r i nts occurred in 1723, when portraits of Ki ng Ci eorge the First, George Prince ,of Wales, and Prince Frederick were presented to the public in thf, nim l be r of the Protestant Intelliyencer„ *l9. the the the the • op; ,rt; ' 't~" ~ A ,~ [~ ~ =. 14 4 , Lr5Fl ay.- be• , la 'cl ut -6 sC rf , ~, ~{ .. 1 / 4 0 6 :()0. TLII4I SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY., DECEIVI BIRMINGHAM-INCREASE - 20F LOCAL RATES: TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—To show you the state we.: are in in this town, I send you the following printed statement. It should, however, be observed. that the statementis theprocluc tion of a Committee of Inhabitant Householders, com. posed principally of Tories. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, AN INHABITANT OF BIRMINGHAM. Birmingham, Dec. 22, 1841. • The Committee appoi n t e d at a Meetin...orit-qtP-payers, held at Dee's Hotel, on th e 15t h December, -1-841, " for the purpose of considering the incre,KgAe Local Rates," request attention to the following statement of expenses charged to the Poor-rates of the parish of Bir mingham only, for the years ending IqurCh 25, 1837, 1839, and 1841: 1837 1839 1841 aE s. d. £ 5 . d.. , s. d. Poor-rates cond. 28,625 4 3 39,707 2 4 51,5 1 3 Xll 9 Cost of maintain ing poor 26,941 5 4 32,356 210 27,151 7 9 Difference be tween gross re ceipts and ex- 4,269 8 2 4,517 4 6 *39,038 ; 19.9 perms of poor ( for salaries,&c) Number of levies 2 sing. levies 3 sing. levies t 5 sing . levi es The increased extra cost of 1841, arises from the addi tional claims on the parish for Corporation-rates, Police-rates, and the Riot-rate. The Corporation and Police-rates are annual charges. I- Three double (equal to six single) levies have been already granted for the purposes of the current year (February 25, July 1, Nov. 18). The first two have been already col lected, _ _ And are calculated to have produced... The third in course of Collection Total for the present year (1841-2) £89,000 P.S. The whole amount of money raised in the parish of Birmingham alone, between June, 184 u, and June, 1841, may be stated (in round numbers) ati.:100,000 The parish is liable for a proportion of debt due to the County and Government for Corporation and Police Expenses, estimated at E 120,000 The whole Cost of the Poor during the same period has not exceeded Balance £90,000 This balance is required for payment of the Commissioners' Rates, and the Corporation and Police Rates, with Arrears and Debts.—Committee Room, Dec. 15, 1841. THE KIRK. The reader will find, in our advertising columns, a document in reference to the presentation to the Low Church in Kilmarnock, which is well worthy of atten tive perusal, as giving another example of the in consistency and tyrannical proceedings of the Non- Intrusionists. The document we allude to is an Address from a numerous body of members of the Low Church congregation to the Rev. W. S. Smith, the presentee to Kilmarnock, whose settlement was factiously opposed by the Non-Intrusionists, osten sibly on the ground of want of qualification, but in reality because he does not belong to their party. From this Address, which is signed by 409 individuals of the congregation, of whom 394 are heads of families, it appears the greatest sorrow and regret are felt at the obstructions thrown in the way of Mr. Smith's settlement ; and yet those who thus thwart and obstruct the wishes of the congre gation, are the very men who pretend that all their present struggle is for the privileges of the Chris tian people ! In Mr. Smith's reply it is stated that out of a roll of 419 communicants, time were only 164 dissentients, which gives nearly three to one in favour of the presentees. Yet in the face of this overwhelming majority the Non-Intrusionists refused to settle Mr. Smith. Was there ever a more glaring violation of their own Veto Act than this ? Yet of such palpable injustice and inconsistency these men will be guilty, rather than allow a Moderate man to be settled quietly, who, in this case, is not to be thrust upon a reclaiming congregation, but is held back from the supplications of a petitioning and imploring congregation. This case is a fine illustration of what the working of the liberuni arbitriuni would be.—Edin burgh Advertiser. CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.—On Tuesday after.. noon, 13 geese, which had been landed from the City of Aberdeen steamer on the Aberdeen-wharf, at St. Katha rine's, and were intended as presents to various indivi duals in London, were inspected by an excise watermen, named Young, who found them to be unusually heavy and on 'opening one of them he found it to contain a bottle of over-proof whiskey, which had never before passed under the eyes of the customs or excise. This discovery induced him to cut open the others, and they were all in the same condition—there was a bottle of real Ferintosh in each. Young seized the geese and their contents on behalf of our Sovereign Lady the Queen, and removed his prize to the Excise-office. A number of fine young sucking pigs have been lately seized with their insides filled with scotch whiskey, and on Saturday no less than thirty Dutch turkeys were captured in front of the Custom-house, which were stuffed with Hollands gin. POLICE COURTS.—The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor and Aldermen have given notice that they will sit at the Mansion-house and Guildhall on Christ mas morning, from nine o'clock till eleven o'clock, for the purpose of hearing the night charges, so as to pre vent the partieS from being locked-up in the Compter until Monda . T morning. At Union-hall, Lambeth -street, Thames Police, Clorkenwell, Bow. street, St. Maryle bone, Marlborough• street, and Queen- square, police offices,' the Magistrates will also sit in the morning from nine till eleven o'clock, for the same purpose of disposing of the night :eharges, so as not to deprive those of a Christmas dinner who can afford it. G EPP's FOLLY.—With the money raised for John Thologotxl by the liberality of the public, and as a recompense fur his long and unjust imprisonment, he has built-either fou r or fi ve (I forget which) very pretty houses, and the b es t j o k e of all is, that he has named the place after Mr. Gepp, th e celebrated Churchwarden i n his case ; and at on e en d i s John ' s shop, with " Thoro good," in large letters ; at the other a board, w i t h t h e designation of the pl ace , thus—" Gepp's Folly." This is removing the worthy Churchwarden out of the curse named in Job ; to wit, that "no street shall be called after his name." , . , . CAVANAGH: IN ANEW CHARACTER.—The following communication is from a Correspondent, who has daily opportunitiesof visiting the prison at Reading : —" Your old friend Cavanagh is progressing on the tread-wheel, and eats and drinks the whole of his allowance—meat, breAd, •potatoes, and oatmeal por ridge, with avidity, every day. He is no Ca tholic, for he keeps no fast -days ; Fridays, and all Saint days, are not remembered by him. He is in good health, and his appetite so keen, that he would devour twice the quantity of food th at h e is allowe d . I t hi n k hi s London friends, especially th e F aculty, shoul d sen d hi m either a goose or an ald erman i n chains, as a sma l l ac knowledgment (at this season of the year) for the dexte rous manner with which he wrought upon their credulity." LONGEVITY.—Some weeks ago, under the head of the census of the county of Kincardine, we alluded to a person residing in the new town of Stonehaven, who had arrived at the advanced age of 101. The person referred to was Mr. George Smart, gardener, who was born in the parish of Methlick, Aberdeenshire, in November, 1739. In the troubles of 1745 he removed with his father to the parish of Fyvie ; from thence to the parish of Echt ; then to this county, when he married at the Whiteriggs in 1777, and came to Stonehaven in 1781 ; when, after ha) ing numbered his 102 d year, he, on the 26th of November, 1841, at last " crossed that bourne from whence no traveller returns." Until within 24 hours of his dissolution he retained all his faculties. He had 11 children, 53 grandchildren, and eight great-grandchildren—maki ng a family of 72. Montrose Review. SUDDEN DEATH IN A SURGERY.—Wednesday Mr. Higgs held an inquest at the Sun, Chapel-street, Grosvenor-place, on the body of Th omas Evans, aged 18, late footman toViscount Hereford, of No. 21, Chapel-street. Mr. Frederick Archer, surgeon, residing in the above street, said deceased came to his surgery between nine and ten on Monday morning for medicine for Viscount Hereford's family. He was then perfectly well. At half-past eleven he returned, complaining of severe sickness and pain in the head. Witness took him into the back parlour, and bade him wait there until he prepared some medicine fur him. Whilst doing so he heard an unusual noise in the parlour, and enter ing it, he saw deceased lying on the carpet, con vulsively grasping at the floor, crying out for air, saying he was being suffocated, and requesting that his clothes might be loosened. Witness afforded him the necessary assistance, tried to 'administer a res torative draught, but deceased could not swallow. An attempt at blood-letting proved of no avail. In a few minutes after the attack deceased ceased to exist, and his death was in all probability caused by aneurism of the heart, that is, the rupture of one of the vessels of that vital organ. Verdict—Natural death WONDERFUL INSTANCE OF SAGACITY IN A Doc.—About eight months ago a gentleman belong ing to this city embarked at Port-Philip for Scotland. In the bustle and confusion of preparing for so long a a voyage, a favourite dog disappeared about a couple of days before the vessel in which he returned left Port- Philip ; and, as all the inquiry he was able to make turned out to be fruitless, he was under the necessity of leaving his four-foOted friend behind him. He arrived in Edinburgh abouttwo months ago, and, wonderful to tell, within, the last three weeks was surprised by a visit from the animal he had left in Port-Philip about eight months before. Upon inquiry it turns out that the dog had gone aboard of a ship on the eve of sailing for London ; that, once aboard, he resolutely refused to be put ashore ; and, by dint of sheer resolution, obtained a passage. On his arrival in London, it is ascer tained that he visited the lodgings formerly occup i e d by his 4ipnilsreett,i: n e r a i lighe obj ec t o f hi s ad the obj ec t not again heard of till his arrival in Edinburgh. F am ili ar as we search, immediately teand tan d g i s are with instances of the affection and sagacity of the dot; this is, perhaps, the most -extraordinary exam/ l e on re cord. His Blom aboard of an English ship m an y thou sand miles from home—his refusal to quit it—his visit to the former lodgings of his master on his arrival in Lon don—and the journey: from London to Edinburgh—rank the subject of this brief notice as one of the most wonder ful animals of his species. The gentleman to whom he belongs is well known in Edinburgh, and is the son of a gentleman who, within the last twenty years, has filled various offices of civic dignity.—Scotsman. Died in Ayr, on the 14th instgtft, James Tannock, formerly MRsiOttn`there, aged t?D'i;:ni and • • eizht months. BER, 24, 'lB4l. LITERATURE. THE, _MIND, AND OTHER POEMS. and Boque, London, 1841. In thil splendid octavo volume, which is worthy to=nic Wtill 'the illustrated 'editions of Campbell and :Roger's, lately published by Moxon, and which contains several exquisite embellishments, we have a complete collection of Mr. Swain's poems,_ who has been for many years a popular poetical contributor to the Literary Gazette, and several of the most successful Annuals. The vo limels dedicated to_ Dr. Southey, and by way of frontispiece contains a beautiful fancy sketch, re presenting a castellated building rising above a deep grove, and situated on a - lofty rock that drops perpendicularly down to an expansive sheet of water, bounded in the distance by a range of -blue hills. The sketch is a truly graceful one, and does credit to the finish and delicacy of touch of the engraver, GreatbaCh. The first and longest poem in the collection is entitled " Mind"—a theme of comprehensive import, and the most ambitious that Mr. Swain has yet attempted. It is in the good old Spenserian measure, which is managed with considerable dexterity, and reads off with ease and spirit, notwithstanding its con stantly recurring rhymes —a difficulty which few or no modern writers have been able successfully to master, with the exception perhaps of Byron and Campbell. In Mr. Swain's hands, however, the measure is singularly tractable, and is un doubtedly the best he could have chosen for so grave and lofty a subject as that of " Mind." His poem, as may be surmised, is partly didactic and partly descriptive ; but as the majority of readers of the present day, are somewhat impa tient of instruction, and prefer rather to be enter tained, we have no doubt that the descriptive portions of the poem will be more relished than those which are purely didactic. And it must be confessed that Mr. Swain exhibits to signal ad vantage in description. He draws evidently from his own vivid immediate impressions, and, from not attempting too much in the way of ornament, never misses his mark. No modern poet has a keener, a quicker, or a more heart-felt percep tion of the myriad beauties of nature than he has, and the chaste melody of his varied versification is not less-remarkable. We prpfer, however, the shorter poems in the collection to the one on "'Mind ; ' fYr they are more vigorous, and fre quently a much deeper chord of feeling . As a favOurablespecimen of' Mr. Swain's manner, we quote the following stanzas There's beauty in the still, blue hour of night, When streams sing softly through the moonlit vale ; When, one by one, shoot forth the stars to light, Dreamy and cold, and spiritually pale : There's beauty on the ocean, when the gale Dashes the merry billows to the strand ; When like a phantom flits some wand'ring White as the moonbeam on the glittering sand, And distant flute-notes rise, touched by some skilful hand, There's beauty on the quiet lake afar, When wild-birds sleep upon its voiceless breast ; The lonely mirror of a single star, Pale shining in the solitary west ; There's harmony and beauty in that rest — So placid—stirless—lonely—and so deep— We scarcely move, or dare to whisper—lest A word should break the magic of that sleep, And start the spirit nymphs who watch around it keep I There's beauty on the mountains—when the snow Of thousand ages on their forehead lies ; Purple and glittering in the sun-set glow, The gala light of the Italian skies : When gorgeously the clear prismatic dyes Illumine ice-built arches—crystal walls That, like the Mirrors of the Spheres, arise ; Or proud magician's visionary halls, Arrayed for merry masques—for pomps and carnivals. There's beauty in the old monastic pile, When purple twilight, like a nun, appears Bending o'er ruin'd arch—and wasted ais!e— Majestic glories of departed years, — Whilst dark above the victor-ivy rears Its sacrilegious banner o'er the shrine, Once holy with a dying martyr's tears ; Yet amidst dust—and darkness—and decline, A beauty mantles still the edifice divine ! But, ah ! bereft of Mind—which is the light That melts the shadows of futurity ! Nor early morn—non noon—nor summer night— Nor the wild billows of the lonely sea— No—nor the sweet and plaintive melody Of distant flute-notes on the moonlight shore, May touch one heart with beauty !—lf the free, And god-like spring of thought could act no more ; Dark were the past to Man, and dark his path before!— All beauty is the Mind's I—The dews of earth, Her loveliest breathings—her serenest skies Ne'er warm'd such noble feelings into birth, As from our own imaginations rise ; The bright, illuminated memories Which are the rays of the soul's world !—the gay, And fond creations of our youthful eyes : Beauties which set not with the setting day ; But hold a life within—a charm against decay ! THE WORKS OF WILLIAM JAY. VoL I. C. A. Bartlett, Bath; Longman; London. This book, reprinted from the Baltimore edi tion, consists of holy homilies for the mornings and evenings of the year, and is intended for those who love to retire into the still sanctuaries of devotion, or the sacred cells of prayer. After a ministry of more than half a 'century, the vene rable author has embodied in these spiritual ex ercises the result of his long doctrinal and patri archal experiences. Full of wholesome thought and " necessary food," his volume opens a rich and large pasturage, with daily and abundant ali ment to satisfy the religious soul. His style is embued with the placid and comfortable serenity that distinguishes Burder's and Baxter's writings, which is so well adapted to attone the heart to pious composure and prayer. The present vo lume appears at the right moment. Containing the morning and evening exercises to be used from January to March, it opens and enters upon the New Year. The various " Exercises" not only distil pleasant waters in themselves, but often carry in their current particles of gold, which, in the shape of aphoristic expressions, gratify the reader. A few of these scattered grains we gather:— BELSHAZZAR, KING OF THE CHALDEES.—Merodach Baladin was his father. His mother was Nitocris, a wo man of masculine understanding. He appears in the sacred story like a man by the way side, hung in irons : the memory of the unjust shall rot, or, if preserved, be perpetuated in disgrace. Amyot, Bishop of Auxyene, and Great Almoner of France, not long before his death, was urged to write the history of his country : " I love my sovereigns too well," said he, " to write their lives." A KING IN SICKNESS.—After rearing his fine palace of cedar, he could net for a length of time take possession of it for he was sick unto death, and the graves were ready for him. What,wasanornamented room in the rage of a fever ? THE MYSTERIES OF RELIGION.—Ask me not for their solution. I only know the fact, I see the two ends of the chain, but the middle is under water ; yet the con nection is real as it is invisible. By and by it will be drawn up. THE UNCARED-FOR.—There are some who draw forth no blessing while they live, or tears when they die. A dry funeral is a hateful sight. HUMAN DECAY.—We talk of a dying hour, but we die daily. When the bottle is discharged of its contents, there is a last drop, but every preceding drop emptied it as well as the last. Before the tabernacle is completely taken down, some pin is taken out, some cord is loosened, some rents or w•earings away in the canvass are visible. ICxxn TREATMENT.—Nothing tries like tenderness. Be nefits attract and attach the heart ; and good men are the most susceptible of grateful impressions. FALSE FRIENDS.—Many are very friendly when you want not their aid, or can impart favours. You are in their garden : they walk in it in summer, but abandon it in winter—then it has no flowers or fruits. AN AFTER-STATE.—My finite capacity will hereafter admit of blessedness infinite, so that I shall be perpetu ally growing in beatitudes, and be always singing a new song. kiNDNEss.—When love actuates, the sufferer is not insulted while he is relieved. Alms are not flung in his face, instead of being given. The wound of distress is not torn open, but gently touched with an angel hand. Prone to the plain ways of his fathers, and shunning the baleful influences of all new or noxious schisms, Mr. Jay never strays, by any chance, out of the strict precincts of pure and apostolical evangelism. The light that guides his steps, and those of his followers, is calm and steady; and, in alluding to his writings, he in vites attention to this merit, in a course of words which the acolytes of Puseyism should read for a testimony against them :—" Though the series (of his volume) extends through no small period, he blesses God that the'whole is free from novelties, and will not be found affected with the vagaries and whimsies, and lo ! heres and lo ! theres, which are all deemed divine at the time of their preva lence." This some may ascribe to him as preju dice, or obstinacy of belief, or the absence of metaphysical acumen, or the want of patience and ability to open the seals and blow the trum• pets; but whatever may be the supposed cause, he is not ashamed to acknowledge that " having tasted the new wine," he says, " the old is better !" FIVE YEARS IN INDIA. 2 Vols. Colburn, London, 1841. " The following pages," says the author of this work in his preface r " have been taken from aJournal kept during five years travel little East, written entirely for private amusement, and pro fessing nothing but to give a plain and unvar nished account of these travels !" In these few simple words the author has well described the character of his work. It is indeed a plain and unvarnished sketch of his Oriental 'wanderings, unembellished by any thing like glowing de scription, and depending for effect almost exclu sively on the apparentlstrict, homely t ru th ofits details. The author, it seems, was ordered on foreign service in the autunin, of the year 1833, and left Plymouth in an Indianian bound for Ceylon. Nothing of interest occurred during his voyage, except that in crossing the Line he was—according to immemorial custom—"ducked, shaved, and made uncomfortable for a whole week," byNeptune and his waggish associates,who, because he evinced a dislike of their rough prac tical jokes, treated his thee to an additional quan tity of pitch and paint. On reaching Ceylon, where he staid but a few days, and of which he gives us, in consequence, little or no account, he again took shipping for Calcutta, with whose splendid appearance he was, of course, as much struck, as all are who visit for the first time that Oriental City of Palaces. Our readers may, per haps, like to see his account of the habits of daily life prevalent in Calcutta, and we subjoin it ac cord'ngly The life one leads in the City of Palaces is much that of all India—namely, rising two hours before sunrise ; a gallop round the course follows, when, consigning both your horse and you rse lf t o t h e h ands of their respective servants, by half-past nine they manage to wind one up for breakfast. By an Indian breakfast by no means must be understood that simple bread, tea, and butter, which compose an English one : on the contrary, it involves among its component parts meat, fish, eggs, omelets ; not to mention the eternal curry and rice, which neither breakfast nor dinner in this country is complete without. Visiting, scandal (which last abounds in India), and the usual routine of a large English society, kill time till luncheon, or tiffin, as it is called, which is again a most substantial meal. After this meal, parties generally dis perse to their rooms, and amuse themselves as best they may till driving hour (five, or half-past five), which can not take place till after the sun is down. At that time a most extraordinary 'collection of vehicles make their appearance on what .is • called the course, from the superb " turns out". of the grandee to the little gig of the Calcutta shopkeeper. The author made but a brief stay at Calcutta, and then steamed up the Ganges for several hundred miles, accompanied by his uncle, Ge neral Sir -Henry Fane, and a party, and, after passing many fine towns and magnificent ruins of palaces on their voyage, arrived at the far-famed sacred city of Benares, which presents a most picturesque appearance from the river, and whose houses are, many of them, six stories high, built of stone, , each storey containing one . family, and many covered with execrable paintings of Hindoo Gods and worthies of different kinds. In sonic of the streets these houses on either side conic so close as to be united by galleries, and in almost all a good jumper would clear the street with ease. " " The close packing of this place," observes the author, " must be extraordinary, as from the top of the Mosque, built by Aurung zebe, the city does not appear to extend above a mile any way, and yet it is said to contain a po pulation of 650,000 inhabitants." Benares, we are told, is by far the richest city in India, and carries on a very extensive trade with all parts of the Continent, particularly in silks and bro cades, which are superb, but very expensive. It is considered so holy, that if even a Christian were to die there, he would most likely go to the Hindoo heaven. On reaching Delhi, after a long and fatiguing march, our author was greatly struck with the ruinous condition of this- once famous capital of the powerful Mogul empire. Who has not heard of Sultans Jehanguire, Baber, and Akbar, their enormous wealth, and flourishing metropolis, which monopolized almost all the wealth of the East? Yet, " how are the mighty fallen?" Delhi is now mere a third-rate city, though the Great Mogul still lives in the palace of his ancestors, if a ruinous mass of mud and dirt can be called such. We subjoin an'amusing account of our author's interview with the pre sent King of Delhi : The present King is a mean, vulgar-looking individual of sixty. He was handsomely dressed, and had on some really very fine jewels, particularly pearls. The throne, which is still called the peacock throne, was in the time of Akbar said to have had jewels on it to the value of 20,000,0001, and Nadir Shah took from it upwards of 14,000,0001. A single diamond which formerly stood at the top, which is now replaced by a piece of glass (the Koh-e-nor), was valued at upwards of 3,000,000/. ; and the peacocks which stand at each corner had each a string of pearls in their beaks, valued at 100,000/. These, like the diamonds, are now replaced by false ones, and the jewels on the body of the throne have descended into coloured glass. The room, or open:colonnade, in which this object stands, is very beautifully formed of white marble, inlaid with gold, and is still in tolerable repair, though the purdahs-and carpets which composed its fur niture were in a sad state of dilapidation. After each had been presented and paid his money, which his Majesty took especial care not to lose, we were severally led; away to receive the kelat, or robe of ho nour—a farce which the Government still keep up, in spite of its marvellous absurdity. The General was robed in the King's presence, but we of the small fry marc h e d into another room, to be made such figures as never were seen, even at Greenwich fair. Each of us had first a piece of rag tied round our cocked hats, by way of tur ban ; after which a robe of spangled white muslin was thrust over epaulettes, sword, and all ; over which again they treated each of us to a jacket of cloth of silver; and in this tomfool's dress we were again trotted across the court, obliged (which was the most difficult performance of the whole) to keep from laughing, and again to be presented to the King and be bedizened with a parcel of glass jewels and trumpery, to the value of two gold mo- Ours ; for which civility the company treated the King to another gold mohur from each. While this was going on, three or four heralds were making, as much noise as possible, by roaring at the top of their voices the titles and honours which had been conferred on the Commander-in-Chief, and how much honoured he ought to be by the distinction conferred upon him by the "Asylum of the Universe." He was treated to a coloured stick, which is, I believe, synony mous to the baton of a field-marshal ; to the drums of state, which confer the powe r o f lif e an d d ea th ; an d to the ollowing titles The Lion of the State," " The Sword of the Empire," " The Grandee of the Age," " Sir H. Pane Bahadour, the strength of war." This ceremony being concluded, we were again made to salaam, and, in the dress we had received, were trotted out to the gate to our elephants, and again went through the town ; I, for one, feeling more ashamed of myself than I had done for many a long year. We were not allowed to take off our dress till our arrival in camp, as that would have seemed disrespectful to his Majesty ; and so strict is Government on this point, that Mr. Fraser, the resident, some years ago, having thrown off his dress and given it to the beggars in the street, received a strong reprimand from his superiors, and was even threatened with the loss of his place. The second volume is, for the most part, taken up with particulars of a visit paid by the author and his fellow-travellers to the Court of Runjeet Sing, and notices of the late expedition to Cabal and Affghanistan; but as these subjects have already been well nigh exhausted by preceding travellers, we here forbear from enlarging on them. Suffice it to say that Mr. Fane, the author, has produced a very readable worknotwith standing that the majority of his details are want ing in novelty; and his volumes are illustrated with some twelve or fourteen cleverish engravings. FINE ARTS. MOUNT EGMONT, FROM THE NORTH SHORE OF COOK'S STRAIT, NEW ZEA LAND. We have here another of Hullmandel's litho graphic illustrations, which represents a fine expansive landscape in one of the most romantic parts.of New Zealand. In the front-ground ap pear one or two huts, near which are grouped some of the natives, who are busily engaged in burning off wood for potatoe grounds; in the middle distance a thick, leafy copse, here and there broken into little sylvan glades or alleys, stretches far and wide, affording exeellent shel ter for birds and beasts; and in the'remote dis tance soars the lofty, eminence, Mount Eg mont, its summit clad with eternal snow, . and. rising abruptly from a vast level plain. The scene is one in which beauty and grandeur are combined, and might vie, in either respect. with some of the most celebrated landscapes i n Switzerland. The varying tints of the luxuriant copse—which bears a strong resemblance to an Indian j ung l e —h e re catching the full blaze of sun-light, and there wrapped up in deep gl oom, are disposeil with great art, and exhibit a spirit and vividness that never could have been im parted to them by the old, and somewhat tame process of lithographic engraving. The print is one that would show to considerable advantage in a neat, plain gilt frame. d e F i 4 . O S E zd F i n b u l rRg h____ HART'SLi , B W I A 4 V . .ER SCOTT. Ca LOCK In this large octavo volume is comprised the whole of Mr. Lockh ar t' s M emoir of Sir Walter Scott, originally published in' seven volumesi the work is beautif u ll y printed, is embellished with a half-length portrait of the biographer, and not less than three likenesses of the great novel ist, taken at different periods of his life—that l s! to say, in boyhood, manhood, and age• de a the likenesses, the most expressive is decidedl y and marble,. . the bust, executed by Chantrey in the original. presented by that great artist to The volume considering its extre me elegance, is singularly cheap in price. FATHERS AND SONS, 3 Vols. CoMuni, Lon don, 1841. Our notice of this wo rk, which was the last written by Mr. Theodore Hook, may be soon dispatched, for we have already given au opi nion of it, when it appeared from time to time in the numbers of the New Monthly Magazine. It is an amusing, story, but is decidedly not among its authors best specimens of fiction. The first volume contains a brief biographical Eketeli of Mr. Hook, accompanied by a portrait, apparently, some years before his death. taken, CORONER'S - INQUEST.—On Tuesday night an inquest was held at the Windmill public-house, Clap ham-common, Surrey, on the,ody of George Trigg, aged nine years. It appeared, from the evidence ad duced to the Jury, that between nine and ten o'clock on Mcmday morning, a number of boys 44 ventured on the MORNING SUN • 1 ice on what is called the " Long Pond," on the Common. The deceased was amongst then), and was very active in jumping about and daring his companions to venture as fax on as he did, when, all at once, the ice, which was very insecure, broke underneath him, and he -in stantly went down, but he rose again to the surface, and for a time supported himself by resting his elbows on the edges of the ice. A ladder and a rope were prOeured ; but they were not of sufficient length to reach the de ceased, who, after a protracted and distressing struggle, disappeared. George Souter, aged 17, a groom in the service of a gentleman residing in Brummel's-road, Clap ham, in endeavouring to rescue the deceased, fell through the ice, and would have perished but that he was got out by means of the ladder and rope. On recovering him self a little the intrepid lad, although he bad all his wet clothes on, and a watch in his fob, again rushed into the water, and, being an expert swimmer, made great efforts to get hold of the deceased ; but was obliged, by the ex treme coldness of the water, to be again dragged to the bank, when he became, for a considerable time, entirely deprived of sight from the effects of the cold. The body was got out after it had been about three-quarters of an hourin the water. Verdict—" Accidental death." The Coroner said the humanity and courage of the lad Souter deserved the strongest commendation, and be hoped he would not go unrewarded. The deceased was the son of labouring parents. The report of - observations on the temperature kept at the Zoological Gardens, in the Regent's -park, gives the following as the minimum temperature of the last • few days. It may be observed, that the task of hourly recording the external temperature depends upon the keeper whose turn it is to watch the different build ings at the menagerie during the night. Yesterday. morning, at four o'clock, the thermometer was 25 deg. F. ; on Tuesday, at four o'clock, it was 22 deg. F. ; Sunday at midnight, 29 deg. F. ; and four o'clock in the morning, 22 deg. ; and Saturday morning, at four o'clock the lowest point of temperature for the season was 18 deg. F. The gardens at the Regent's-park are in one of the most exposed parts of the metropolis, but the temperature has only been 2 deg., on the average, over a thermometer kept at hackney, and 3 deg. above one kept in Aldersgate-street. We grieve to observe that the distress in Paisley is still on the increase. There are at present above 13,000 people dependent on the supplies of charity for subsistence. This is a state of things truly lamentable, and the worst feature of it is, that there are no immediate prospects of a change -for the better. The warehouses of the manufacturers are filled with goods, and so para lyzed are the few capitalists which the general wreck has left, that they have neither the spirit nor the energy to attempt any new branch of industry.—Ayr Observer. The keeper of a house of entertainment near the new snspension-bridge over the Isere, at Vienne, being somewhat pot-valiant one evening last week, walked over it, although the planking was still unlaid, and the pas sage extremely dangerous. Proud of his feat, he entered the house, and offered to make a bet, with any one of a party who were drinking, that he would go over again, and the other dared not follow him. A. waggoner accepted the wager, and they went out to per form it. The landlord again got safe across, but the waggoner had not gone far before he staggered and fell into the river, and was drowned. He has left a wife and two children. The Bordeaux papers mention that, on Satur• day evening, the buildings of the Fish-market in that city fell down with a tremendous crash. Fortunately nobody was in them at the time. Tlie cause of the acci dent is not specified. A lady, who died lately in a village near Mar seilles, had in her possession an old fashioned escritoire which she had purchased at an auction, and which con tained a secret drawer. A friend had repeatedly urged her to have this drawer opened in order to see what was in it, but she pertinaciously refused. After her death, a short time since, her heir, upon the recommendation of the same person, had it explored, and, on its being opened, was found to contain 10,000 f. in double Louis d'or. The Chamber. of Commerce at Metz has come to an unanimous resolution to promote the communica tion of the town with Germany and Paris, by means of a railroad from Sarrebruck running through Metz to Sedan, Mezieres, and Reims, and joining at Compiegne the grand intended line from Paris to Lille. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE AND NARROW ESCAPE or THE INMATES. —Wednesday morning, at five o'clock, a destructive fire occurred on the premises of Mr. Smith, watch and clock maker, St. 'John-square, Clerkenwell, which entirely destroyed the stock, furniture, and pre mises. The inmates were removed just in time with only their night dresses on. The fire commenced in the shop, but in what manner it originated no idea can be formed. The late Lord Monson, by his will, proved in the Prerogative Court, has left an annuity of 2001. to his faithful valet, who travelled with him in his frequent tours to the High Alps, Italy, and Germany. Burton Hall, in Lincolnshire, is entailed on the present Peer and his issue. Gratton Park and estate, which the late Lord purchased from Sir Mark Wood is left to the Coun tess of Warwick, his Lordship's mother. _ _ _ The mails and stage coaches, which arrived in the metropolis in the course of Wednesday morning from all parts of the country, were heavily laden with geese, turkeys, and other Christmas presents. The poor upon the estate of Viscount Comber mere, in Cheshire, are (in addition to the annual dona tions of beef, clothing, &c.) to be regaled with good Cheshire ale, to drink health, long life, and prosperity to the infant Prince (Earl of Chester, &c.),, at the villages of Audlem, Wrenbury, Arton,Newhall, Burlcdam, &c. &c. The town of Sydney was for the first time lighted up with gas on the 25th of May last, it being the first city in Australia, or in fact in the Asiatic world, to which this important invention of modern times has been applied.—Sydney Herold. -- We regret to say that there have been several failures in South Lancashire since our last, of various degrees of importance, amongst them that of a Liverpool house to a very, serious extent.—Liverpool Times of Tuesday. BOAT SUNY.--FOUR LIVES LOST.-- On Thursday se'nuight a Garraris yawl was sunk nearly op posite Newtown Head, in a heavy squall of wind and rain. She was returning from Tramore Bay, which is about two miles to the north-east of Garraris. Four men (some say five) sank to rise no more, and none survived to tell the sad tale.— Waterford Mirror. HUNGRY is understood that the names of upwards of 500 applicants are already on the list lbr the first vacancy of Sub-Inspector (formerly high constable) of the Police Force.—Dublin Evening Mail. ST. LEONARD ' S.—It is reported that the Queen Dowager, as soon as she is convalescent and able to re move from Sudbury Hall, will take shelter at Hastings from the bleak winds of the end of winter and the early spring.—Brighton Gazette. Ax ODDITY.— On Friday week, Johnnie Turner, an eccentric character in the parish of Irongra), was buried on one of the:wildest of the hills of the parish, in a grave which, under the permission of the late Mr. Lennox, of Dalskairth, he had dug for himself out of the rock, with the most patient care. He was about sixty years of age when he died. With all his eccentricities and somewhat miser-like habits, Johnnie was generally considered a man of worthy principles, and the public readily indulged his whim in burying him in his chosen self-made grave.—Ayr Obsover. THE BUYERS AND SELLERS OF BARGAINS. —During the past week the trading community o f Lon don have been unusually excited, .by the exa minat i on o f a bankrupt linen-draper, before Mr. Commi ss i oner Hol ei be fore Il 'e have had Hol royd. If the allegations made by the bankrupt t urn out to be true, nothing can be more humiliati ng to the cha racterheard ofof 3 u our ch 'Tisv never v true transactions, but the details so fully given. We Very m uc h f ear th a t those disclosures form only a part of the s y s t em w hi c h Sacrifice"—.. 50 per the cupidity of John Bull has called into life . " Bank rupt like announcements meet rriynicoe'C°Brnert"rf thileclslreet ; and the purchasers that rupt Stock"—" Tremendous,Cent. t u is nd ft e t r ev l e ) should gain crowd to these places seem anxious, - not that the vendor purchasers, should get as an honest living, or that the manufacturer of the articles vended should do ' so but that he or she, the ranch ' of the as possible, without any consideration. it is this property of both want .of honesty the ofthe thousands of buyers, much on part that is more to be censured than the craft and trickery of the hundreds of sellers. Who ever heard of a purchase r that had declined to purchase at a shop of this kind, a silk, for instance, because it was too cheap—because it was known that the price asked could not pay the cost of manufacturing ? And yet this buy ing too cheap, under other c ircumstances, is held to be a proof of buying, knowing to have been stolen. At the Old Bailey, the low price which receivers pay is consi dered as indubitable evidence of a guilty knowledge. how indignant wou ld some of our fair purchasers it were even insinua t e d that the rich brocade, purchased at a cutting shop for two-thirds its value, was the pro duct of a op bargain made between folchng.doors, with the buyer and seller hid from each other. .Or fancy one of matrons, detailing to her ' family her our respectable . _ andin the dif ference' scenting a bargain, exulting prowess. iiinpsrice between honest Mr. So-and-so's over the and the price she paid, being gravely accosted by way , • d ~ Madame, these things could not ' some so b e r tri • en , have b een manufactured for the price you have paid for so mebody has been robbed, are you content that yt'lwoumr,children shall participate . in the dishonesty ?" -- Thsk-• Non-conformist. ACCIDENT ON THE RIVER YESTERDAY.--.. As the Duke of Sussex steam-packet, on her way f rom London -bridge to Ramsgate, had entered Greenwich reach, she was run into by the Princess Victoria, bound from Antwerp to London , by which her bulwark s were stove in, and the cooking-house, which is situate aft on deck, was swept into the river. The stewardess, who ' was in the cooking-house at the time, was thrown over board by the shock, and saved with some difficulty, THE DISTRESSED PEOPLE OF C --,PITAL FIELDS.—The Lord Mayor has received the following sums in aid of the distressed people of Spitalfi e ld s : P., 10/. ; the Rev. Deacon Worrell, 10 1.; E. B. 51.• Mr. George Sutcli ff e, Bridgewater Hotel , Worsley, 5 1, ; b .B. _ IL ; I'. Gosling, 51. • a Widow Lady, . 1/. ; H on. miss ' Arden, 51. ; First Subscription of a Penny a Week Sub scription, at the George, in Great Queen-street, Lincoln's Inn-fields, to be continued during the winter months, 11. Bs. 7d., an example recommended by the Treasurer to the 5,000 publicans iii the metropolis and its suburbs, as likely to be extremely productive to the charity, without putting the contributors to any inconvenience. The General Steam Navigation Company's s t e amer, - London Merchant, Captain Valentine Laker, on her passage from Newcastle to London on Saturday last, fell in with the schooner Susan, of Guernsey, 'on fire, with.her hatches battened down, and the crew with the long boat prepared to leave her. She was taken in to* by the London Merchant, and brought to the mouth of Sunderland harbour, where a small tug was employed to' take her in, and by assistance from the shore the foe *sr I got under. - • .