The Sun. — London, England, 1841-10-20 00:00:00

EVENING SUN 4f - IBIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THR DAILY PAPERS OF YP:STERD Y. GLOBE.—The Times and Herald ere recalling a ttention—indiscreetly, we think, for their party—to the practical political economy of their Food-Exclusive patrons. They are doing this, of course, in the shape of attack on the theories of " Political Economists" who are more commonly called by that name. This has always been a favourite artifice of the Food-Exclu sires, and of their tools. It must no longer be suffered to pass without challenge, and without ex posure. We pledge ourselves (for our humble part) that we never shall see this trick played off, without taking occasion to unveil the hypocrisy of its actors, and to prove that there is only one set of political econo mists in the country, who have possessed the power, and have exercised it, to regulate the condition—as re gards material well-being, and even subsistence—of all other classes. Those political economists are the Lords of the soil. No other class has possessed the power which they have possessed, by virtue of their absolute pro perty in that grand instrument of production. How many should be allowed to live on the soil which ac knowledged their ownership—how much produce, and on what scale of culture, should be raised from it— they have had power to dictate. To this immense disposal of the natural powers of the country they have arrogated all the artificial additions law could give them. So long as it was supposed possible (in the infancy of that se:.ecce of political economy in which the landlords have always enforced their doctrines) — so long as it was supposed possible to keep down the wages of labour by law, such legislation was made and enforced by the predominant order as that of the Plantagenet and Tudor reigns. The " Statute of La bourers," passed under Edward 111., was confirmed under Richard 11. A further attempt to reduce hus bandry labourers to a hereditary caste of serfs, was made by the 7th Henry IV., cap. 17 (1405). And these were the benevolent preludes of the Acts passed in the reign of Elizabeth, the intention of which has been most ignorantly or dishonestly construed by the Poor-law agitators, as having been to establish a lax and indul gent system of relief to paupers. It was no such thing. The first statutes in that reign confirmed all the severities which had been previously enacted against those who, having no property but their labour, pre sumed to act as if they had a right to dispose of that property ! The laws empowering the Justices to regu late wages, made by the 14th Elizabeth, 1572 (in the sense of keeping them down, for the attempt to keep wages up by the force of law is an idea started in the most recent times only) remained in nominal force until the present century, and Sir Frederick Eden gives a regulation of wages in the county of Lancaster so late as 1725, whereby the Justices have the power to make them. Now these were the times, this was the spirit, to which the denouncers of modern political economy, factory systems, and new Poor-laws, are perpetually pointing back, with loud invocations of the wisdom of our ancestors! This *as the purely landed legislation for the labouring classes—legislation with which we are ridden still; though it now takes a different shape. is it denied that the landed interest has been long (we might almost say always) guided by mercantile principles in its disposal of the use of the soil ? Is it denied that it has crowned those mercantile principles with monopoly? Is it denied that the landlords, ever since the demand for food by a vast population, and the demand for work by eager competitors, have rendered it no longer necessary to seek to fix labourers on the soil, have turned their at tention exclusively (we speak of themof course, as a body) to deriving the greatest net returns from that soil, consi dered as an instrument of production ? Is it denied that by this view they hays bean guided in regulating the scale of farming, in imposing the terms of leases, and in keeping lahour on, or clearing it off the land ? Why then, what effrontery is it to fall on manufac turers and economists for the state of society (as, for instance, the increase of numbers in the towns over the country) which is, and can be, primarily, the work of none but the landlords themselves! The class com manding the sources of subsistence—the class possess ing the powers of legislation—the class which, by property, has been able to dictate how many should be fed directly from the soil, and has been able and arrogant by law to dictate how many should be fed at all—this is the class whose exclusive par tisans would shift the responsibility of the evils of the present state of things to any shoulders but their own ! Manufacturers may not all be models of bounty and liberality—economists may not all be miracles of abso lute wisdom—but what have manufacturers or econo mists had to do with the grand monopolist bread-ma nufacture—the grand rural economy of the landlords ? Those who rule the production of food at home, and restrict its supple from abroad, arc our masters. STANDARD.—We regret to be compelled to de dare our dissent from the views of an article which appears in the Times of this morning, touching the re markable event which is about to take place in the con secration of a Protestant Bishop of Jerusalem. Our respected Contemporary appears to be doubtful upon the point; but it is altogether certain that his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury has consented to consecrate, early in November next, th© Hebrew .Professor at King's College, es the bishop of the Church of St. James in Jerusalem The case deep net stand exactly in the attitude iu which it has been represented to the Times. Instead of there being one acknowledged Pa triarch, or Bishop of Jerusalem, belonging to the Greek Church, and resident there, there are several. The Greek Patriarch who bears that title resides at Con. etantinepte. The Roeran • Catholic Prelate, called of Jerusalem, resides somewhere else. In Jerusalem itself there are, as we have said, several persons exercising episcopal authority, of the Armenian and other Eastern Churches. The Protestant Churches arc the only section of the Christian world that, to their shame be it spoken, have had no representative in the Hely City. Of late great changes have taken place, and greater arc at hand. An English Consul has been placed there, and Palestine is becoming the centre of many hopes and expectations ; both among Jews and Christians there is a growing disposition to settle in that lend. With Protestants, however, one paramount want has always been the absence or any known and recognised ecclesiastical authority ; so that converts to Christianity, or members of Protes tant Churches, were considered by the Turks as little else than vagabonds. This deficiency it is now pro posed to supply. It is to the honour of the greatest Protestant Sovereign on the Continent of Europe, that he should ne the first to perceive the want and to propose a remedy. It is to the honour of the Church of England that a Conti nental Sovereign should have put himself wholly into her hands in this matter. It is to the honour of her rulers that they have so cordially entered upon this great work. And the only thing to be lamented i., that apparently, if we may judge from the 7 imei article, some few members of the Church of England are inclined to look with jea'ousy upon the plan, from a kind of morbid fear which we feel assured is utterly groundless, of interfering with some supposed rights of a Prelate residing at Constantinople, and who has no snore exclu s i ve r i g h t to call himself the successor of St. James, than any of the other six or seven persons who exercise episcopal authority at Jerusalem. LAMIN , 67 ---- LIG SE GONDA RIES' ENCE COURT;' Oct. 13. RYLES V. BENNKT. Tido was an action t b o m recover the sum o f -1/. b e i ng a the balance due on of exchang e , d rawn b y t h e defendant, and end orse d by him, and negotiated to the plaintiff. Mr. Charnock appeared for th e 1 • ••ce and si Thomas on the part of the defendant,P amtiii, lair. Mr. CHAANOCK stated the case, appeared nt.ant drew a bill that on the 234 April, 18 , 40, the clef; I nd it Hnter, for 201. upon a gentleman of the which bill was dishonoured on its bee n o a ra e g ° L. plaintiff had giaen the defendant considerable The he had paid 161. by instalments, which leabtailmaneCeanodf 41., for which the present action tva the bill, e o r r d d r e e w brought. The defendant had first pleaded that he no: but he subsequently obtained a Judge's that plea cancelled, since which he had r, pleadedand had full payment. As the defendant had admitted his hand_ Er to the bill, the only answer h e 11 , d writin g ~ to ma k e was to prove the payment. Mr. THwt:ts addressed the Jury, and called two witnesses, one the son of the defendant who proved that fie had taken at different times sums of two and three pounds to the plaintiff, in all amounting to 16/. The other witness, who was a porter, deposed that he had taken letters to the plaintiff which he believed con tained money, but ho could not say the amount. Mr. CHARNOCK addressed the Jury in reply, and produced several letters from the defendant asking for time, with regard to the bill in quest:on, some months after the delivery of the letters alluded to by the last witness. The Learned UNDER-SEIERIFF having summed tip, the Jury retired, and returned with a verdict for the plaintiff. The following clever ru se ~ related by the s i e smuggler. whose -Droit :—" A fe w days ago a B e l g i an horse an d i ts contraband lading had been seized by the C ustom -hou se o ffi cers of Vis-en-Artois, went to them and proposed for a reward, to lead them to a spot whore tthey Would be able to effect an extensive seizure of to baceo, making it a. condition, however, that, as he w e. known to th Asnaugglers, he should, for hie personal 5 eurity, go with them in disguise. The precaution ap- r ann g t° be - Et proper one, the uniform of a Custom horse °facer wag lent to him, and he was mounted on a horse to accompany the two officers, also on horseback, who were to roake the seizure. di arriving at an inn in the village of llermies, he said h e - was afraid to go far ther, lest h e s h ould be recognised, but pointed out a barn at some distance where he said the tobacco was lying,. and told them that he would wait- for them. They . all put up their horseein the stable of the inn, and the two officers proceeded on foot to make thei r ca pt ure. Dur th ing their abse nce the smugglei saddled the best of the thrtl.ee and joss off. with t. It is needless to horse state FORTIFYING a i.pa horse Without finding any tob ac c o ." oNO KON6. It . is stated in the Indian Papers, th at the en gineer's estimate f or for -5,000,0001, tifying Bong Kong amounts to th e enormous sum of SURREY QUARTER SESSIONS. KINGSToN, OCT. 19.—The General Quarter Sessions for the county of Surrey were held this day before Sir W. Freshfield, Esq., Chairman ; H. Kemble, Esq., M.P.; W. J. Denison, Esq., M.P.; J. Trotter, Esq., M.P. ; B. - Hawes, Esq., M.P. ; D. Barclay, Esq., M.P. ; Sir 11. Fletcher, Sir R. Frederick, Colonel Challener, T. Puckle, Esq. ; Sir W. Roberts, Esq. ; G. `S. Briscoe, Esq., &c. The calendar contains the names of eighteen prisoners, only four of whom it appears can read and write. The Governors of the different gaels in the county re ported that their respective establishments were in a healthy condition, and that the rules and regulations of each had been properly enforced. The Rev. Mr. BENSON, the chaplain of Horsemonger lane Gaol made his annual Report, in which he stated that he lamented he was unable to inform the Court that there was any diminution of crime, and that during the year 1,330 males and 580 females had been under his care in the gaol, and many of them were charged with most serious and revolting offences. He then went on to state, that owing to the short period many of the prisoners were under his charge, he had very little opportunity of giving them instruction, and although many of the prisoners were anxious to have books, he doubted whether it was not more from a desire to pass away the time, than to obtain mental instruction. The Report proceeded to state that 37 of the prisoners were under 12 years of age, 187 Were under 16, 511 were be tween 20 and 30, 544 between 30 and 40, 197 between 40 and 50, 117 between 50 and 60, 19 between 60 and 70, and only 6 between 70 and 80, and one man 86 years., of age, had likewise been in the gaol. These persons were generally destitute of anything like education, and many were so ignorant of their religious duties as to be unable to repeat the Lord's Prayer. Some few of the prisoners had received a good education. From the inquiries he had made of the prisoners he was induced to believe that the Sabbath, instead of being properly employed, was in a great many instances devoted to reading the cheap weekly immoral publications, and this he considered a prolific source of crime. In his inquiries he had reason to be lieve that a great many of the offences had been com mitted under the pressure of distress, and that in a few cases offences had been committed by parties in conse quence of the refusal of Poor-law officers to grant re lief. The Report then went on, at very great length, to allude to a variety of other topics. Mr. HAwxs expressed his opinion that the Chaplain of the County Gaol had very much exceeded his duty in sending such a Report to the Court. The Magistrates could not take any steps upon that Report, and ha con sidered it was a complete waste of their time for the Chaplain to enter into a long detail upon almost every subject of jurisprudence, which could not lead to any result. He had no wish to act in any way unkindly to wards the Rev. Gentleman, who, he had no doubt, was actuated by the very best motives ; but he felt :called upon to protest against the time of the Court being oc cupied by any such statements as those which had just been read. The CLERK of the PEACE said, that by the Gaol Act the Chaplain wasbound to make an annual Report to the Quarter Session. _ _ Mr. HAWES said that the Report should be confined to a description of the state and condition of the prison ers, and his observations thereon ; but that would not justify him in making such a Report as the present. Colonel CHALLENOR concurred in what had been stated by Mr. Hawes, and he suggested that the Visiting Jus tices should be directed to make a communication to the Rev. Gentleman upon the subject. COUNTY FINANCES. • Mr. SMALLPIECE, the County Treasurer, reported the state of the county finances to be as follows :—The balance of the last quarter was 8,7831. 12s. 5d., which was afterwards increased by the receipt of different sums to 9,9401.45. 6d. He had since paid on account of the county 12,047/..15. 4d., being an excess of 2,1061. 16s. 10d. over the amount specified. That sum would be in creased by outstanding amounts, now due, to 7,4311. 11s: 2d., which would be provided for by the rate now in collection, and which, when wholly collected, would leave a balance in his hands of somewhere about 7,0001. . Mr. TROTTER said before the Report was received he would beg to bring before the notice of the Court the very partial and unsatisfactory manner, in which the county rate was at present levied. Some of the parishes had been valued under the new Amendment Act, others were valued in a very different manner, and the result was that the county rate was most unfairly levied, some parishes paying a great deal too much and others a great deal too little, and he thought it was the duty of the Court to do all in its power to remedy such a state of things. Captain ROBERTS said that at the Bench where he acted he had frequent opportunities of noticing the gross inequality of the assessments in the several parishes, and he thought it was absolutely necessary that same remedy should be afforded. After some discussion it was arranged that the Clerk of the Peace should write to all the petty sessions in the different parishes in the county, for the purpose of ob taining information as to their mode of assessment, in order to enable the Court to take some steps ‘ upon the subject. COUNTY LUNATIC ASYLUM. The Visiting Justices appointed tp- superintend .the erection of the County Lunatic) Asylum reported that the building was now completed at a cost. of 99,8601. 103. 5d., and it was capable 'of receiving three hundred inmates. There were at.: present 238 patients in the Asylum, four of whom only afforded the slightest probability of tlr-ir being cured of their malady ; and the* cases of the other 'might be con sidered as incurable .from the long duration of the disease. One patient, a woman ninety years old, had died in tho asylum, and one had been sent home, cured, to her friends. The Report was received, and after some routine bu siness had been disposed of, the. Court adjourned. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. mANsiox4iOUSE. Mr. ,Torah Dent, linen-draper and silk-mercer, of Noe. 31 -and 32, Crawfivd-street, Mar y lebone, appeared before Sir Peter Laurie, t o answer a complaint made by , Mr., Edward Thorpe, landing waiter in her Majesty's ens-. toms. The complaint rose out of a charge which was heard before the Lord Mayor at the beginning of the present month, on which occasion Mr. Thorpe turned the tables upon a City policeman. Sir P. LAURIE, after ascertaining the nature of the charge, asked what was the result of the application to . the Commissioner of the City Poli:e ? Mr. Thorpe said that he tried to show to the Commis stoner that the policeman had exceeded his duty, but the Commissioner was not inclined to punish the police man, and he (Mr. Thorpe) said that he should take the case to another Court. The Commissioner then stated that he should ha give any' opinion on the subject, belt re commended the owner of are cart and horse to appear before the Lord Mayor, and give evidence on the subject. His Lordship, however, refused to take the oath of one party against the oath of the other, but upon hearing Mr. Dent's statements; continued to entertain the same Opinion which his Lordship had expressed on the former occasion. When he (Mr. Thorpe) ascertained to whom the cart and horse belonged he determined to bring the owner forward, in order to have it decided whether there was any justification for the complaint in the first instance that the footpath was obstructed. Sir PETEti LAURIE—I hare nothing to do with the case which the Lord Mayor has already decided, and shall give no opinion upon it. Let me have the evidence to prove the obstruction on the pavement. Mr. James Hastings, No. 12, Dorset-terrace, Clapham road, landing-waiter in h er M a j esty ' s C ustoms, state d that as and Mr. Thorpe were returning from duty together on the day specified he saw the cart on the pavement. He had no doubt that it was on the pave ment to the extent of from two to three feet, and the pavement was from five to six feet witi.e. The street was crowded at the time, and it was almost impossible to pass at the footpath. Sir PETER LAURIE then called upon Mr. Dent to de fend himself against the charge of having obstructed the pathway with his cart. Mr. Dent then called his servant, John Dent, who drove the cart. The NI itness stated that according to the order of his master he drove over the cart to take the luggage. A cart which was driving by broke it in the hack part and he proceeded to take the number of the former. The policeman meved the cart on the pavement, where it was not more than three minutes, and then the other carts went on. The horse was standing in the street. Mr. Thorpe cried out to the policeman to take off the cart, and threatened to report him if he did not, and the policeman said, " If you think so, you had better change coats with me." There was a great quantity of People, and as he was a countryman and had heard of the " swell mob," he did not know but Mr. Thorpe and his friends might belong to the swell mob. After some further evidence the defendant was ordered to p!ly a fine of lOs. Sir P. LAURIE then said, I wish we had faithful and regular returns of the police in the City. In the me tropolitan and tobeo districts we have faithful returns, and I regret pollee liged to say that I fear the animosity between the were 187, while in 1840thely's the public charged for obstructing the metropolitan arnounted police on duty • establishment of the there were - 9,896 constables, of police in May, 18:30, increasing.to 354. 1 n 13 0 37 n the th e s, ti of which number there only remained serving at the . diminished numbern of cf the year 1838 the extra ordinary3s2 ; the dismissals up to 31st Dec. 1838 were 4,85 s 6,046, and the deaths 239. r i h , e , the resignations were 23 changes in the metro politan police force amount to shall soon bo suppli e d with accounts similarly cent. I trust we accurate of our police force, and I hope to have fewer complaints than have of late reached me. Mr. Dent paid the fine and coats, and the case thus finally terminated. BOW-STREET Joseph h lr e 3a re-examination, ddb cifor the sum of 2001., yesterdaY 11 iwnaetrieon, cha rge d Wynn no Jardine with forging and uttering a e fo with intent to defraud Mr. Robert W no Williams, a solicitor, of Paper-buildings, Temple. Mr. Long conducted the prosecution, Mr. Clarkson appeared as' counsel for Biggs, and Mr. Robinson US solicitor for the other prisoner. It appeared, on the former examination, that the pri soner Biggs, wlio had been some months past in the ser vice of Mr. Williams, as clerk, presented the cheque at the banking-house of Messrs. Snow, Paul, a n d Co., on the 10th inst. for payment, and it being arranged between the firm and Mr. Williams that none except cheques drawn on plain paper should be sent to him, he was in stantly taken into custody, the account he gave of the manner in which came possessed of it not proving satis factory.-= The ether prisoner, who had been a clerk in the same office accompanied him to the bank, but went away Without him, and as no evidence could be adduced to fix IA) with the guilty knowledge, he was ordered to be discharged. The prison - el-a were again charged with uttering a forged cheque for 1001 : , on the 16th of June. It appeared th a t the cheque was presented on the 16th - - inst. and cashed, and on the following day two of the notes were paid into the banking house of Packington in Lichfield, to the credit of Mr. Billing, for a number of sheep, alleged to be purchased by Payboddy, to whose house in Goodge-street, Tottenham Court-road they were driven. Two other notes were paid on the nez day at the banking-house of Messrs. Jones in . Smithfield, to the credit of Mr. Turner for sheep, which were also driven to the house of Pavboddy, and a fifth note was found in the possession of the prisoner Biggs. Mr. Williams proved that the several cheques produced were forgeries, and he did not authorise any person to sign them for him. Mr. Long said he was prepared with two other cases against the prisoner. Mr. JARDINE said he had made up his mind to remand both the prisoners for a week, as the ca.ses appeared to him to demand a patient investigation. The prisoners were then removed from the bar. Patrick 0' Rann, an honest-looking Irishman, was placed at the bar, charged with being found dead drunk and incapable of taking care of himself, last night, in the neighbourhood of St. Giles's. Police constable 23 F, stated that he found the prisoner in such a state of unconscious drunkenness that he could do nothing with him. He could neither sit, stand, nor speak; and having got the assistance of a brother officer and the use of a " stretcher," witness took him off to the station-house. Mr. HALL—WeII, what have you to say to the charge? —O'Rann—Your Worship, I have nothing to say ; I don't know how I got drunk. I had been in a public house, it is true, and was sober enough when I left ; but no sooner did I get into the air, than down I went like a shot.—(Laughter.) lt's happened once or twice to me before, I can't tell the reason ; but after taking ever so little, no sooner do I get out in the air than down I go like a shot.—(Renewed laughter.) Mr. HALL—Then it's the air which makes you drunk, I suppose ; is it ?—O'Rann (with much simplicity of manner)—l don't know:what it was, your Worship. All I recollect is, that I came out of the public-house per fectly sober, but no sooner did I get into the air than down I went like a shot.—(Much laughter.) Mr. HALL—WeII, I shall fine you Is. for being drunk, and for the use of the stretcher. You cannot ride on the stretcher for nothing, remember ; and I would have you take care for the future not to get "into the air," after leaving the public-house, however sober you may be. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1841. STRIKE AT THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.-THE LAW OF COMBI NATION. The very outrageous conduct of the masons lately employed in the erection of the Houses of Parliament, followed as it has been by the turn-out of the masons engaged in Messrs. Grissell anti Peto's other works, naturally directs public attention to the defective state of the law of combinations, and to the necessity of the Legislature doing something to release work-people from the tyranny of these leagues. " If," says the Report of the Hand-loom Weavers Com missioners, " the ruling power of any community allow other authorities to frame rules affecting, in their daily habits, their employments, and their properties, large bodies of men ; to affix to the breach of these rules penalties rising through every gradation of suffer ing, from simple insult to mayhem and death, and to proceed in organised bodies, and in the face of day, to inflict these punishments ; that ruling power has abdicated its functions so far as respects those among its subjects whom it has surrendered to its self constituted rivals. When we are told that in Glasgow the power of the combinations is irresistible, that no one thinks of resisting it any more than they would re sist the Queen's Guards : when we are told that in Dublin no one who violates their rules can consider his life safe for one day ; it is obvious that in these cities, so far as the manufacturing population is concerned, the ruling power is not the state, the pre valent law is not the law of the land ; and the punish ments most to be feared are not those inflicted by the legal executive. To admit that there is no remedy for such evils would be - to despair of the institutions and prospects of the country ; to admit that they may be remediable and not to endeavour to suggest the means, would be a failure in the duties imposed upon us by your Majesty's Commission." The Act now in force respecting combinations is the 6th Geo. IV., c. 129. The principal section of the Act, is the third, which enacts that— " If any person shall by violence to the person or property, or by threats or intimidation, or by molesting or in any way obstructing another, force or endeavour to force any person to depart from his hiring, employ mement, or work ; or to return his work before the same shall be finished, or prevent or endeavour to pre vent any person not being hired or employed from ac cepting work or employment ; or if any person shall use or employ violence to the person or property of another, or threats or intimidation, or shall molest or in any way obstruct another for the purpose of forc ing or inducing such person to belong to any club or association, or to contribute to any common fund, or to pay any fine or penalty, or on account of his not belong ing to any particular club or association, or not having contributed or having refused to contribute to any com mon fund, or to pay any fine or penalty, or on account of his not having complied or of his refusing to comply with any rules or regulations made to obtain an advance of wages, or to alter the hours of working, or to alter the quantity of work, or to regu late the mode of carrying on any business, or the management thereof ; or if any person shall by vio lence to the person or property of another, or by threats or intimidation, or by molesting or in any way ob structing another, force or endeavour to force any manufacturer or person carrying on any business, to make any alteration in his mode of regulating, managing, conducting, or carrying on such manufacture or business, or to limit the number of his apprentices, or the number or description of his journeymen, work men, or servants ; every person so offending, or aiding, abetting, or assisting therein, being convicted thereof in manner hereinafter mentioned, shall be imprisoned only, or shall and may be imprisoned and kept to hard labour, for any time. not exceeoing three calendar months." This Act revived .the common-law against combina tions, with one exception, it exempts from punishment persons meeting to determine the wages or hours of la boar which the persons present at the meeting shall give or require, or - entering into an agreement among them selves for suchpurposes. " All other, combinations tar agreements," says the Report before quoted, " to the prejudice of third per sons, are still conspiracies, and on indictment, punish able at the discretion of the Court by fine and imprisonment; to which, in case of an assault in fur therance of al '.conibination to raise wages, the Court can, nailer' the-9th Geo. IV., cap. 31, sec. 25, - add bard labour for any term - ntif exceeding two years. "Ntrd 'inclined to that the state of the law in. this respect is not generally knoWn. It stems to. *he ..supposed that combinations 'are pot punishable unless aceampanied by . violence, intimi dation, or molestation,. -This is true as respects tho-statutory punishinent,, but. not as, respects• the far heavier punishment awarded by the snmmon law. All nrictingi'or agreements whatever, for the purpose of affecting the wages or hours of work of - persons not p r present •at 'the .meeting; or parties' to the 'agreement; #6 cakiP4f4ies , : So are 1 ngreensents for con ;Otirilik in . ''tlid'findilikeitierit . of his busi pc3,f, snail employ, ' the Ma44tagry, which he. use... So, .of 'course; sare•olLakfrinPWilts apt to.w,ork„in-,oompany with `gi*4P.Per4otq_or to persuale,,thce persons to. leave their .isnaptoyinento or .not to engage ..tbemseivos. - . In fact .there' is an act .performed by any workinan, arisiernber-ilf tt• trades - unioti; Which is not an act , of cotis'Oirack'bi a misdemeartor:r The Hand-loom Weavers, Commission; in stating the existing laW, 'attributh Much 4 its. defects .as proceeding r, from' an "'ettenapi to frgislite by one act for countries so different in ',their common, law, awl in their form .of procedure as England and §cotland,•and so tliffetent iutheir ll ' abitsi : as Eaglaud and.. Ireland," and .recom , mend the, after due inquiry, three Acts 'should be passed in'aecordance with law, procedure, and habits of the three countries. The Commissioner& themselves suggest several amendments in the law, which we may arrange under the following numbers :-- • • • • . " 1. We recommend" that, the statutory process and penalties be extended to some acts new suhj4et only to the severe punishment, - but inconvenient process . of com mon law. Suck are agreements by workmen to strike for the purpose offorcing a master to discharge a given 'person, or to disuse a given sort of machinery, or gene rally to change his -mode of managing his business. Such, again, are acts on the part of masters for the pur pose of occasioning or promoting strikes on the part of the workpeople of other masters. We believe this con diAct On the part of the masters to be so common, and so mischievous, that "fire recommend the penalty to be distinct and severe ; and that, so far as it is pecuniary it. be recoverable by any party aggrieved, or by a com mon informer. We further recommend that some acts be declared punishable, the criminal character of which bas not yet been distinctly recognised. " 2. We further recommend that, for the purpose of facilitating the apprehension and conviction of persons gu:Ly of outra;e or intimidation, any master, workman, or other person aggrieved, or any persons assisting him, including, of course, the police, be authorised to seize any persons so offending, without summons or warrant, to carry them before a justice, and there compel them to give their names and addresses. We recommend further, that the refusing to give a name or address or t!•!e giving a false one, be a distinct and cumulative offence. " 3. We further recommend that the justices have power to convict and punish without naming the con vict, identifying him by description or otherwise. "4. We also recommend that any serious in jury inflicted on the persons or property of masters or workmen, in consequence of their resistance to a com bination, or of witnesses, be repaid by the hundred or other similar district. Those who have had sufficient moral and physical courage to make such a resistance, or to give testimony against a combination, and have suffered for so doing, arc martyrs in the cause of liberty. The community which has profited by their firmness is bound, as far as is possible, to make good their losses. "5. The last amendment in the 6th George IV. which we have to recommend is, the return to the Act of the sth George IV., by repealing the 12th section of the 6th George IV., that by which an appeal to Quarter Sessions is given on every conviction, and judgment is suspended on the parties' own recognisance and that of two sureties in 10/. AVe believe that this clause has contributed more than any of the other de fects in the Act to its utter failure. The 10/. security can of course always be obtained from the funds of the combination, so that no one convicted under the Act need fear punishment before the period of appeal has arrived. And we know how much, even among edu cated persons, and still more among the uneducated, every evil and ev er y p un i s hment, even i f certain, lose s its terrors as it b ecomes more distant. But in th s Fases which we are considering, delay is almost always impunity. Few strikes last many w eeks; an accomo dation, or a t rea ty f or an accommodation, generally takes place before the Quarter Sessions are held, and of course it is arranged or understood that „ the prosecu tioa; appealed from shall be discontinued. Three days ago an artilleryman, who was in con filament iii the barracks of Douai for misconduct, at tempted to destroy himself by opening a vein in his right arm. Some soldiers endeavoured to restrain him, . but, brandishing his knife, he threatened to kill the first man who should touch him. The guard having been called in, he was overpowered and laid upon a bed, apparently in the agonies of death, and the guard went for a sur geon. On the return of the guard the man, to their great astonishment was no longer to be seen. lie had escaped to the ramparts, and thence to the opening fields. On the following mornin-r he returned to the barracks covered with blood and dirt, and with his feet naked, saying,—" I am come to surrender myself, because I am hungry:'—airemeri a l de Douai. A meeting of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners was held yesterday - mornine , at their ()face in Whitehall buildings. Sir Robert Peel, the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, the-Bishop of Londdh, and -other members of the Commission were preSeitt. Lord EllenborOugh, G o vernor-General of India, intends to proceed to - the seat of his government by the overland mail, Captain Chads, intended. and not by her Majesty's ship Cambrian, was orpginallY FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE. FOREIGN-OFFICE, Ocr. 19. The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint the Right Hon. Henry Lord Cowley, G. C. 8., to be her Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the King of the French. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint the Right Hon. Charles Lord Stuart de Rothesay, G. C.B. to be her Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of All the Russias. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint the Right Honourable Sir Stratford Canning, G.C. 8., to be her Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Sublime Ottoman Porte. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint the Right Honourable Sir Robert Gordon, G.C.8., to be her Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of Austria. 'f he Queen has alse been graciously pleased to appoint the Right Hon. Lord Burghersh, K. C. 8., to be her Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the King of Prussia. WHITEHALL, Ocr. 18. The Queen has been pleased to appoint John Hope, Esq., Dean of Faculty in Scotland, to be her Majesty's Justice Clerk and President of the Second Division of the Court of Session in Scotland, and also one of the Senators of the Col lege of Justice there. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Fife. The Hon. James Bruce to be Deputy Lieutenant, July 5. DECLARATIONS OF INSOLVENCY. GEORGE GANDY, silk-manufacturer, Prinees-street, Spitalfields. MILES COE, lacernan, Goldsmith-street, Wood-street, Cheapside. BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED. GEORGE POTTER and SAMUEL POTTER, calico printers, Manchester. BANKRUPTS. WILLIAM BORROWDALE, paste-board manufacturer, Scenery-hill, Branthwaite, Cumberland, to surrender, Nov. 2, and 30, at twelve, at the Black Lion Inn, Whitehaven. Stubbs, Furnival's-inn, London ; Perry, Cross-street, Whitehaven. JESSE 'BRIDGMAN and WILLIAM DRYLAND, tallow melters, Upper Chapman-street, St. George's East, Oct. 26, at half-past one, and Nov. 30, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Basinghall-street ; Crowder and Maynard, Mansion-house Place. HENRY THOMPSON, timber merchant, Chadwell-street, Clerkenwell, Oct. 26, at two, and Nov. 30, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, Abchurch-lane, official as signee ; Shoubridge, Bedford-row. COOPER SEARLE, printer, Bury St. Edmund's, Oct. 23, at ten, and Nov. 30, at twelve, at the One Bell Inn, Bury St. Edmund's. Parker, St. Paul's Church-yard, London ; Leech, jun., Bury St. Edmund's. GEORGE DORRINGTON, printer, Percival-street, Goswell-street, Oct. 26 and Nov. 30, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Gibson. Basinghall-street, official assignee; Goddard, King-street, Cheapside. ROBERT CATLOW, victualler, Leeds, Oct. 27, at one, and Nov. 30, at two, at the Commissioners'-rooms, Leeds. Makinson and Sanders, Middle Temple, London ; Foden, Leeds DIVIDENDS. At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street. K. F. 11. MacKenzie, merchant, King's Arms-yard, Cole man-street, Nov. 11, at half-past eleven—C. D. Hays, master mariner, Meriton's-Wharf, Bermondsey, Nov. 11, at half-past twelve—A. Ross and J. Murray, merchants, Leadenhall buildings, Gracechurch-street, Nov. 9, at one—W. and F. J. Appleford, drapers, Holborn-bars, Nov. 11, at half-past one— A. M'Nair, merchant, Abchurch-lane, Nov. 9, at two—J. Tozer, carver and gilder, Duke-street, Grosvenor-square, Nov. 11, at half-past eleven—C. Terry, quill merchant, Shoe-lane, Nov. 9, at half past twelve—M. H. Bellemois, manufacturing chemist, Pomroy-street, Old Kent-road, Nov. 9, at twelve— A. Turnbull, boarding-house keeper, Arundel-street, Strand, Nov. 9, at one—J. T. Thompson, upholsterer, Long-acre, Nov. 11, at twelve—H. E. Wartnaby and H. Richardson, silkmen, Wood-street, Cheapside, Nov. 11, at half-past twelve —C. Hall, upholsterer, Piccadilly, Nov. 9, at half-past one. In the Country. L. Palfreyman, scrivener, Sheffield, Dec. 4, at one, at the Town-hall, Sheffield—J. Rodgerson, ship builder, Hylton Ferry, Durham, Nov. 9, at twelve, at the Bridge Inn, Bishop Wearmouth—W. Blurton, dealer, Field-hall, Staffordshire, Nov. 11, at twelve, at the George Inn, Stafford—J. W. Braddick, tanner, Bristol, Nov. 12, at one, at the Commercial rooms, Bristol. CERTIFICATES—Nov. 9. R. M'Kinlay and A. Marr, rectifiers, Silver-street, Wood street—L. Palfreyman, scrivener, Sheffield—S. S. Davis, J. S. Davis, and J. Robinson, merchants, Liverpool—T. Nutter, brewer, Paul-street, Finsbury-square—B. and T. Tattersall, corn merchants, Liverpool—R. Simpson, grocer, Sheffield—W. Fawcett, manufacturer, Manchester—W. and J. Losh, calico printers, Manchester. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. C. Phillips and 8. - Burnet, tailors, Moorgate-street--A. Rat tray and C. Powell, ironmongers Bedford-place, Commercial road East—J. Hollis, jun., T. Hollis, W. Hollis, and J. Hollis, brush-headmartufacturers, Worksop, Nottinghamshire—T. Pin der and W. Wilson, ironmongers, Sheffield—T. Bowlby and R. Reynolds, general merchants, Sunderland—T. M. Gladstone, T. Rimtner, J. Brittain, and J. Sothern, carriers, Liverpool (so far as regards T. M. Gladstone) —G. Grove and D. North, tallow - chandlers, Bilston, Staffordshire—W. - and C. Massey. china dealers, Liverpool—P. Valiance and T. Wickens, seed crushers, Henileld, Sussex—J. Stanley and H. Hearse, attor neys' .Newport, Shropshire—S. T. Hobson , T. Hobson, and A. Chillas, Liverpool—W. C. Lock and W. Gresham. pawn brokers, Nottingham—T. Hopkins and W. Northen , potters, Deptford—C. Hopwood and J. Haslam, quarrymen. Harwood Stone Quarries, Lancashire—J. Witham, J. Ashworth, and C. Baraes, screw manufacturers, Sheffield. • SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. • JOHN WATT, cabinet maker, Montrose; Oct. 23 and No v. 13, at . ttvelve, at the Chambers of R. Burness, writer, Montrose. • ROBERT AI &CNAIR, merchant, Glasgoiv, Oct. , 26 and Nov. 22, at twelve, at the Commercial Hotel, Glasgow. I. AN CAS I'ER and KENNEDY, calico printers, Glasgow, Oct. 26 and Nov. 16, at twelve, at the Eagle Inn, Glasgow. ALEXANDER - CUNIMING DEWAR, oot maker, Edinburgh, Oct. 25 and Nov. 15, at three, at the Ship Ta vern, Edinbur4L - • PETER. GENTLES, plumber, Paisley, Oct. 29 and Nov. 19, at twelve, at the Saracen's Head Inn, Paisley. CIRCUITS OF THE COMMISSIONERS FOR THE RELIEF OF INSOLVENT DEBTORS. • SPRING CIRCUITS, 1842. • MIDLAND CIitCUIT. H. -R. R NOLDS, Esq., Chief :Commissioner. Essex,—Chohnsford, Tuesday, _March 15. Essex—ColcheAer, Wednesday, March 16. Suffolk—lpswich, Thursday, March 17. Norfolk-Yarmouth, Saturday, March 19. Norfulk—Norwich and City, Monday, March 21. Norfolk—Lynn, Thursday, March 24. • Suffolk —Bury St. Earnunds, Saturday, March: 26. Carnbridgeshire—Cambridge,3londay, May 26. Huntingdonshire—Huntingdon, Wednesday, March 30. Northamptonshire—Peterborough, same day.. Lincolnshire—Lincoln and City, Friday, April 1. Nettinghamshirc—Nottinghain and Town, Monday, April 4. Derbyshire—Derby, Thursday, April 7. • At the City and COuhty of the City of Lichfield, Saturday, April 9. Staffordshire—Stafford, Monday, April 11. Shropshire—Shrewsbury; Thursday; April 14. Shrepshire—Olubury, Saturday, April 16. • Warwickshire—Birmingham, Monday, April. 18. Warwickshire—Warwick, Thursday, April 21. At the City and County of the City of Coventry, Monday, April 25 . . Leicestershire—Leicester, Tuesday, April 26. Northamptonshire—Northampton, Thursday, April 28. Bedfordshire—Bedford, Friday, April 29. Buckinghamshire—Aylesbury, - Saturday, April 30. HOME CIRCUIT. J. G. Hiatt's, Commissioner. • Kent—Maidstone, Thursday, March 3. At the City and County of the City of Canterbury, Monday, March 7. Kent—Dover, Tuesday, March 8. Sussex—Horsham, Friday, March 18. Hertfordshire—Hertford, Friday, April 8. SOUTHERN CIRCUIT. T. B. BowEN, Esq., Commissioner. Berkshire—Reading, Monday, February 14. Oxfordshire—Oxford and City, Wednesday, February 16. Worcestershire-- Worcester and City, Friday, February 18. Herefordshire—Hereford, Monday, Feb. 21. Radnorshire—Presteigne, Wednesday, Feb. 23. Brecknockshire—Brecon, Friday, Feb. 25. Carmarthenshire—Carmarthen and Borough, Monday, Feb.2B. Cardiganshire—Cardigan, Wednesday, March 2. Pembrokeshire—Haverfordwest and Town, Friday, March 4. Glamorganshire—Swansea , Monday , March 7., Glamorganshire—Cardiff, Wednesday, March 9. Monmouthshire—Monmouth, Friday, March 11. Gloucestershire—Gloucester mid City, Monday, March 14. At the City and County of the City of Bristol, Thursday, March 17: Somersetrhire—Bath, Monday, March 21. Somersetshire—Wells, Tuesday, March 22. Devonshire—Exeter and City, Thursday, March 24. Devonshire—Plymouth, Wednesday, March 30. Cornwall—Bodmin, Friday, April 1. Dorsetshire—Dorchester, Tuesday, April 5. Wiltshire—Sali,bury, Thursday, April 7. At the Town and County of the Town of Southampton, Satur day, April 9. Southampton—Winchester, Monday, April 11. NORTHERN CIRCUIT. W. J. LAw, Esq., Commissioner. Rittlandshire—Oakham, Saturday, February 5. Yorkshire—Shef f ield, Monday, February 7. Yorkshire—Wakefield, Wednesday, February 9. At the Town and County of the Town of Kingston•upon-Hull, Friday, Feb. 18. Yorkshire—York and City, Monday, Feb. 21. Yorkshire—ltiehmond, Thursday, Feb.2l. Durham—Durham, Friday, Feb. 25. Northumberland —Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Town, Monday, Feb. 28. Cumberland—Carlisle, Thursday, March 3. W es tmorland—Appleby ' Saturday, March 5. Westmorland—Kendal, Monday, March 7. Lancashire—Lancaster, Tuesday, March 8. Lancashire—Preston, Thursday, March 17. Lancashire —Liverpool, Friday, March 18. Cheshire—Chester and City, Monday, March 21. Flintshire—Mold, Wednesday, March 23. Denbighshire—Ruthin, Thursday, March 24. Anglesey—Beaumaris, Monday, March 28. C ar narvonshire—Carnarron, Tuesday, March 29. M e rionethshire—Dolgelly, Friday, April 1. Montgomeryshire—Welch Pool, Monday, April 4. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the London Mercantile Journal of October 19.) SUGAR.—There was a good demand for West India Muscovado Sugar this week, but . chiefly for the good and fine grocery sorts; which being still compara tively scarce realised a further advance of 6d to Is per cwt : all other qualities have brought very full price; and the market continues to exhibit a buoyant appearance. Antigua' good bright has sold at 65s to 66s ; Jamaica, good ordinary at 63s to 645, middling at 58s to 625, and soft yellow Grenada at 55s per cwt. The market closed with firmness on Friday, fully establishing the above advance, and the transactions of the week are estimated at 3,200 hhds and tierces. The demand was brisk to-day for all sorts of West India Sugar, and higher rates were paid for both yellow and brown sorts. The private purchases amounted to 1,000 hhds and trcs. At public sale 100 hhds Barbadoes went briskly, is Gd to 23 above the rates of •the last sale ; middling to fine yellow fetched 64s to 725, and low heavy 59s per cwt. MAURITIUS.—There has been a good demand for almost all qualities, but more especially for the bright grocery sorts, which are still tile must the proportion of the supplies of these kinds is still small, they realise extreme prices ; all other qualities have gone off steadily, and at former rates.. 5,526 haVe been brought to public sale, and all disposed of, low to fine bright yellow 53s to 67s Gd, low to fine dry brown at 40s to 525, and low soft brown at 36s 6d to 393 Gd per cwt. At public sale 2,100 bags sold briskly at full rates, mid to fine yellow 56s to 645, good to fine brown 51s to 53s 6d per cwt. EAST INDIA.—The demand for Foreign East India descriptions continues very dull, and the offers are mostly at lower prices than the holders are inclined to accept, consequently in the absence of public sales we have not heard that a single transaction has taken place. There are few:buyers, and at public sale to-day 1,830 bags sold rather higher; good to fine white at 69s to 765, mid dling 65s to 675, good yellow 60s to 63s Gd per cwt. FOREIGN.—The market has been exceedingly quiet this week ; the importers have shown a desire to realize at late prices, but the few inquiries are at lower limits, and the transactions by private treaty are confined to 170 chests Maceio, brown to middling yeilow.at 15s to 17s 6d, and 120 boxes good yellow Havannah at 21s per cwt. REFINED.—The home trade were free buyers of re fined goods, and stiffer rates paid ; standard Lumps 625. Crushed Sugar dull at 29s 3d for first sort. W. I. MOLASSES.-1 he prices of this article are again somewhat easier, which have induced the buyers to come forward rather more freely, and from 250 to 300 puns have changed hands privately, middling and good Antigua at 24s to 25s 6d, and low and middling quality from less esteemed Islands at 22s to 22s 6d per cwt. By public auction 115 puns Demerara of fair quality were partly sold at 22s 6d to 23s per cwt. There WU rather more demand to-day from the home trade, and at the public sale 204 bags Ceylon sold at 65s to 66s 6d for good and fine ordinary, being the full value: 100 pkgs Mocha partly sold; middling yellow at 109 s, and ordinary brown at 63s per cwt. TEA.—The public sales which offered 12,000 pkgs, were well attended to-day ; the trade were desirous to purchase, and black Tea sold with spirit at full rates. Pouchong sold better than was expected, but for green Tea easier rates were taken ; of 9,500 pkgs passed 7,000 pkgs were actually sold at the following rates : Congou but mid coarse blksh if odd and rather woody Is 101 d to is. 104 d, but mid rather fresh but H M fl is 10d to is 11d, but mid blksh if rather strong 2s to 2s ld, do Pekoe Souchong 11 2s 31d to 2s gel, good mid blksh Pekoe ripe and full 2s Bid to 2s 8:1-d, but mid rather coarse and rather strong 2s Id, Pouchong is 7d to 2s 11d, Hyson mid to fine 2s 2d to 4s 2d, Imperial 2s 5d to 2s 101 d, and Gunpowder 3s 3d to 4s 5d per lb. There was a very large quantity of Spurious leaf" amongst the Pouchongs, which will account for the low prices of the bulk of the Tea bearing that character. Company's Congous were in demand, and the cash price was firm at is 9i-d to Is 9d per lb. Further public sales are declared for Tuesday next. Cocoa.—The supplies of West India being large, while the etuck on hand is heavy, the buyers are much influenced, and do not take more than enough to meet thior wants ; the importers, on the other hand, are re luctant sellers, and a large portion of 216 bags 90 brls offered by public auction was bought in ; the low qua lities were however rather cheaper ; Trinidad, good fair red at 44s to 455, ordinary dark greyish to middling red at 41s to 435, very ordinary dark red at 40s, and Grenada at 41s to 42s per cwt. COFFEE.—The market for all kinds of Coffee admis sible for home consumption has been very dull during the week, and as the importers have evinced more desire to realize a decline has taken place in almost every de scription. PEPPER.—Prices remain the same as last week with a limited request only, and the private transactions are confined to a parcel of common Sumatra at 3d ; the public sales have offered only 1,102 bags Sumatra, which sold at 3-kd for good clean brown, and inferior at 3d per lb. CLoves.—The demand is very dull, and prices much the same as before quoted. 58 bags Bourbon offered at public sale were bought in at is Id to is 2d per lb for good fair bright. GlNGER.—Several parcels of West India Ginger have been brought to public sale, amounting in all to 233 brls Jamaica, which chiefly sold at from 121.25. to 121. 10s. for ordinary to fine bold white. East India is dull, and prices still very low ; 84 bags fair bold Malabar sold by public auction at 12s 6d per cwt. PIMENTO has again slightly receded in value, but nearly the whole quantity, 790 bags 24 barrels, offered by public auction has found buy ers, coarse to good mid dliug bright quality at 2id to 3d, a few lots good mid dling at 31d per lb. To-day the market was quiet, but prices were firm. At public sale 3400 bags Bengal were nearly all taken in at lis for low white, being above the value. SPlRlTS.'—There has been an increased demand for fine Jamaica Rum, and a good business has been done at steady prices ; strong qualities of Demerara have also been more inquired after, and full prices have been paid. Lee Ward Island descriptions, however, continue dUll of sale, but have maintained the previous value. The total business of the week is about 500 puns Jamaica, 28 to 30 over proof. at 4s 4d to 4s . 9d, 32 to' 34 . over at' 4s 10d to'.ss3d, 36 to 33 over at 5$ 6d to 5s 9d, superior marks at 6s 2d to 6s 9d, 200 puns Demerara, 28 to 30 over at 3s 8d to 33.10 d, 32 to 34 ever 4s to 4s 2d, 36 to 38 over at 4s 3d to 4s 5d ; .and about 100 puns Leewards, proof strength of common quality, and with all faults at is 10d, and good at 14.114 to 2s per gallon. The pur chases of Jamaica and Demerara are chiefly by the home trade, with. a few parcels for the German markets: Far.. East India .Rum. there, has been little .enquiry, and •ng.sa.les have been made.; proof Bengal is merely nominal at Is, 5d to is, sid per gallon. In the prices of Brandy there is.no change to notice, and few transactions have taken place. o.u.s.—The recent disasters in the Tallow trade have somewhat influenced the market for common Fish Oils, but upon the whole a fair business his been done, and prices firmly sustained ; pale Seal and Southern being still the most in request. Sperm Oil a shade cheaper. Linseed Oil at 32s per cwt. In Rape Oil scarcely' any business done. In Olive Oil prices are firm. Cocoa Nut Oil is rather lower. Ceylon at 39s 61 to 41s per cwt. Palm Oil is flat, and the tendency of prices downward. Accounts of a very unfavourable nature have been received from the Davis' Straits Whale Fishery to the 21st September by the Princess Charlotte, arrived at Dundee. She brings only four fish and 60 tuns of Oil,. and reports the whole catch to be only 15 or 16 fish. The Oil market, however, has been but little affected; somewhat more firmness exists, and the holders ask rather higher prices. Pale Seal at 361, and some of the holders now ask 371. Cod Oil at 281. lOs to 291, and fine Southern is held for 331 to 33/ 15s per tun. For Lin seed Oil, 33s is the nearest price of the article. TALLOW.—The holders continue to keep up prices, and 47s 3d to 47s 6d is the price quoted for fine Yellow Candle on the spot ; there is. however, so much distrust in the trade, that little business is doing. INDIGO.—The quarterly auctions which commenced on the sth instant were brought to a close to-day. The prices, as contrasted with the July rates, give the follow ing result :—Bengal, fine blue and violet, 6d to 9d lower ; good and mid purple and violet, 3d to fid ditto ; good and mid copper and violet 3d to 6d, good and mid imperfect and consuming qualities 4d to Is, ordinar vin• let and copper par to 3d ; Madras, pr,r to 3d ; Kurpah, Oude, &e., 4d to Bd. Our quotations are regulated ac cording to the prices paid at the sales. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE (Lim.-Ds.) VESSELS SPOKEN WlTH.—Eiizabeth, Truxillo to Liverpool, Ist ult., clear of the Gulf of Florida; British King, of Dundee, from New York, 9th inst., lat 48, lon. 19, by the Quebec packet, arrived ,at Liverpool. Are guipa, Llanelly to Valparaiso, 12th ult., lat. 13 N., lon. 27 W.; Fanny Palmer, 14th inst., lat. 50, lon. 7.; Montrose steamer, 10th inst., off Cape Espichel ; a steamer, sup posed the Braganza, 14th, lat. 44, lon. 8, by the Royal Tar steamer, arrived at Falmouth. Tamerlane, bound up St. Lawrence, off Point de Mont ; William, Walker, off Crane Island; Aberdeen, of Waterford, and Emanuel, off the Brandy Potts; Emerald Isle, off Bird Island, by the Countess Mulgrave, arrived at Bristol. Caroline, Ballyshannon to St. John's, New Brunswick, 7th ult., let, 45, lon. 49; Marquis Huntley, Chatham, for Quebec, 12th, lat. 45, lon. 43, by the Battie, arrived in the Romanoff, bound to Miramichi, 2:3d ult., lat. 42, lon. 34; Elizabeth, Liverpool to Dalhousie, 24th ult., lat. 43, lon. 31, by the Thalestris, arrived in the Clyde ; Waterloo, from Miramichi, 23d ult., lat. 44, lon. 53 (and supplied with three barrels of flour), by the Bellona, arrived in the Clyde. St. George, of Maryport, 20th ult., off the Magdelen Islands ; Caledonia barque, for Bay Chaleur, 22d ult, off Cape Roy, by the Hills borough, arrived at Preston. New York, from Bremen to New York, 3d inst., in lat. 47., by his Danish Majesty's ship Amphitrite, arrived in the Texel. Brankenrnoor, from London to Sydney, sth ult., inlet. 9. long. 21., by the Anna Louise, arrived in the Downs. Freedom, from Leith to America, 4th ult., in lat. 46. long. 47., by the Bee, arrived in the Pentland Firth. Jamaica, from Cal cutta to Liverpool, 9th inst., in lat. 12.. N., long. 22. W. ; Mammon, from Liverpool to Singapore, 14th inst., in lat. 10. long. 24. ; North Star, from Mauritius to the Clyde, off Algoa Bay (which had spoken the Old Eng land, from Calcutta), by the Persia, arrived in the Downs. Maria, of Cardiff ; 10th ult., off Bird Island ; Robinsons, of Sunderland, out 65 days, off St. Paul's ; Cottingliam, from Dublin to Saguenay, Ist ult., off Cape Roy, by the Marmion, arrived at Quebec. CORONER'S INQUEST.—Yesterday afternoon an inquest was held in the Board-room of St. George's Hospital, before Mr. 11. Higgs; the Coroner' for West minster, on view of the body of William Mandell, aged thirty-one years. Thomas Watkins, porter at the New White Horse Cellar, Piccadilly, stated that about half past nine o'clock on Saturday morning, he was standing in front of the White Horse Cellar, when some person called out " Look at that poor man ;" and on witness looking round, he saw the deceased lying in the car riage-way, the off-wheel of a cart, loaded with dung and drawn by two horses, in the act of passing over him. James Salter, of North-end, Fulham, carter, stated that he knew the deceased, who was carman in the employ of Mrs. Harewood, of Land's-end. Fulham, and was with him when the accident occurred ; it was raining at the time, and the wind was very high ; he was doing some thing to the rein of one of the horses when the wind blew his hat off, and, in attempting to prevent its falling on the ground, he fell himself between the horses, and the wheel passed over him ; he was sober at the time ; it was purely accidental. Verdict—" Accidental death." CENTENARY OF GARRICK'S FIRST AP PEARANCE ON THE STAGE, 'YESTERDAY.—Yesterday, in the year 1741, the " British Roscius," as he was em phatically termed, made his first appearance as " a gen tlemen who • had never before ar‘pe,aral o n an y stare." Froui the copy of the that anhouixod his appearance at Goodman's Fields, Oct. 19, 1741, he was advertised to enact the part of King Richard 111. in that play of Shaltspeare's, THE WEATHER AND CROPS., The weather, for some time past, has bean Wee°• ingly disastrous—continual and heavy rains, accomPa nied by adverse winds. As a very large portion of the crop is yet out in stook, and in some backward districts not a little remains to be cut, the 40 1 1 sustained must be great. Yesterday was one of the stormiest days we have experienced this sees"' The rain fell heavily, occasionally and the wind was exceedingly boisterous, sometimes almost amounting to a hurricane. About four o'clock, scoured the the force of the wind and rain, as they steed's, literally cleared the pavements, by driving the ran inhabitants into places of shelter ; and the gutt ers in torrents. like swelled rivulets. For a time the storm wasihle irresist• its ; and we much f ear th a t, in country situ atious, effects will be severely felt on the state of the erops•-•• Glasgow Argus. the The weather still continues unsettled , an d fr o m frequent rains must be v er y p r ejudicial to the outstand ing crops. Yesterday was cold and stormy. width strong gala from the south-west, accompanied Pa: heavy showers of rain and sleet. We understand that in many parts of East Lothian and Fife a great des: of grain is still in stook, and, from the backsrerkes of the weather, very little has been cut in the biP er During v o the nr a last bin ten kind,dy ands the weweatheryesterdayherbasthemost the c am e o down in full flood. The consequence is that nothingLe.ch be done to save the rematning port i oos of crop are still exposed, particularly in the elevated distriato and almost as little can be done to forward Peteith harvest. We are informed that a considerable dangerbrean 'of this root is in a very critical state, being in the of rotting, from the surface water with co furrows have in many cases been covered f or a 11- siderable length of time.—Glasgow Herald. EL.IN, OCT. 15.—The weather throu g hout th e past week has been rather more favourable for 011.: diting harvest work than it was during the Pr ece n a ing fortnight. We have had several dry ilica sunny days ; but they have generally b eeo a lowed by cold and rainy nights. There i s stilt a i; great deaf of grain exposed in the fields • vibly close, damp situations it has suff e red very con'eiderue a from the humidity of th e season. Every favourable boor is now eagerly mad e ava il a bl e f or th e gathering le' ;al crops, and, should th e wea th er con ti n ue dry. a geee'it clearance of the fields w ill b e effected in the earlips of next week.—Edinburgh Courant. - A very extraordinary and interesting eiretinislanichee occurred during the last week in connection 'it spit• operation now going on upon the Royal Georg( %e", "crss head, under the directions of Colonel Pasley. other relics brought up from " the deep wators, °-tf the wreck of that unfortunate ship, wa s the c el ler well dog, with the name of the owner, Thomas Littlle, It sp. as that of the animal, " Victory," engraved on it. 1. t he pears that this collar has been recognized by 0 11 e fi ci f oldest inhabitants of the town as the property " pfst father, who was one of the many on board th e ve s L it s the time she went down, but who, more fortut late f r og number of his ill-fated companions, was saved lated. watery grave, although his faithful animal- Pe'',„ - late The party in question is named John Little, IrP.,liich been long known as the owner of a passage-boat," the plies between Portsmouth and Wootton:bri d g Isle of Wight, and whose brother was during t' e mi t i 5 period of 30 years in the Customs at this I'Vrt/.7.1-0,i5 now in Liverpool. The aunt of Little, Mrs. 11l be also a resident in this town, and knew the dog 1 1,%,„ A its being a constant visitor at her mother's 114)':Cofter sister of Captain Little is also living, who is nAr a - pl e i - er , the three wives of the father—viz Mary An n ' ,7,„i e rh et : one of whom was on board the Royal Georg e c o - t th ° ' husband, and was picked up dead a few days melancholy event. Thomas had 23 children, .1;!'""fh-epte of whom are now in existence. He sailed i%l nitralt9' sent Captain Burford, Hydrog . rapher to the °- 'reto. in the Phaeton frigate, then commanded' h i - -- -pt• Stopford, now Admiral Stopford, the hero. of ..A cre. clic° tie was then a boatswain, and was present of Admiral Cornwallis, as well as in several othLotta gagements, and died in the Phaeton during the e ° :.,Beo of Captain Stopford. We are informed that thee, - n gsr, John Little has applied to reminiscence Pas for thes as an interesting relic, and a of t ee" ordinary and providential escape which his fetn e- tee" rienced from sharing the melancholy fate so ren with in that ship ; and we are happy to hear er 1416 ,hfeli application has been complied with in a 100 1 . Golorl e s og _does infinite credit to the feeling heart of in the 8 1 .. 0 ley, inasmuch as thousands would be proud lag e : the the slightest material which might be rocovere" wreck at any price.—Rampshire Standard. L . . 4 tile, We rejoice to be enabled to - announce ' 1 : - .. te s great hardship of the regulation by whieh I - 5 0 0 the Royal Marines have hitherto been requir e ' .0 9 f e n r f two ..years at headquarters for one year 's- 12 : a e rcl . " - pension, has been fully recognised by th e elishe a. Admiralty,- and that it will' bo forthwith ou t ; h art' Another- crying injustice and fruitful source o ,,,i t icte ll burning to these gallant, steady, and . w ell- e. Tr ee fellows, will also be removed at the sanie l-- ; of ""f 'are in future, in common with every regireesP l i oa rd e t " line, to be supplied with great coats. Th e 'Ward . e " Admiralty is understood to have of tht -° it r e ; Ordnance 1,0001. a-year fit this purpose ; debt try quires 1,500/. There can, however, be , no e , ir e this necessary portibn of their attire will in 313 ' . provided them.---United u 5 eraice Gazette... Q VO SILVER TEA SERVICES.--A.. BC nhtll,l l ''' . f and Sons, Manufacturing Silversmith No. 14, don, opposite the Bank of England, silversmith, the triC e v s s ° following SILVER TEA and COFFEE SERVP - ";:lett Cottage Pattern is plain, standing on shell feet, _ut e coffee-pots with a flower ornament on the lids. I,A, ° , l ller ° Pattern is richly embossed with flowers anal s crolls. ".'"" of either is nevv and elegant .•'•-• COTTAGE PATTE RN. t IL Strong Silver Tea- p0t.....12 0 StronggSliNlvGe'rsTre;:l:3l 1:°: Ditto Sugar Basin 616 Ditto Sug ar Eim er * - 0 Ditto Milk Ewer. 410 Ditto Creel:o..ls Ditto Coffee-pot. 15 0 Ditto Coffee-P°. ~ Complete .£3B 6 Complete .. . ..... ' i c e s in t A variety of upwards of fifty Tea and Coffee S ar 7. art% be seen in the Show-rooms, where may be selected 0%,110,011, of Silver requisite for the sideboard or plate -chest. ,-`, 1 4 , grii . of prices, illustrated with sketches of the various ettei;o3,---,s; and forwarded postage free to any part of the kill% 0 1 B. SAVORY and SONS, No. 9, Corolla', Lon d oo ' i the Bank of England. d C. J. DENT begs to acquaint his ric i llds d. eisit °SI the Public that he has just had the hammy of r e4e subjoined letter from the Admiralty : ' • (Copy.) 0; „,be, 6 00 " A.dmiralty, 29th SePt e— s se ots , " Sir—The annual trial of chronometers for tbe 0 f ee to Majesty's Government having now terminated. teasel: tol e lel. mended by my Lords Commissioners of the Adtnir tb, o o you that their Lordships have directed me to pur,„„ost w lowing chronometers at the various prices specifies' Ks ~• 1.7 . ' ;,.• respectively, viz.:— : as ." Dent, No. 1,571 55 pale s Dent, No. 1,606 Dent, No. 5,621 (pocket)...„, 30 gain e t t o sari c s ui " Their Lordships having been pleased, in ord er . - 0 - orti °l3 superior performance of 1,571, to assign to is a P r ' ...: . increased price to that usually given. ant , WC' "I am, Sir, your most obedient eerv Areg reP- - s " F. BEAUFORT , 11 /"r . o t t• ~T o Mr. Dent, Chronometer Maker, 82, Stool Ith jee,, t o Out of 80 Chronometers, by various Alak .rs ' ;Joiser sod the late trial by order of their Lordships, ths c e ditisw tbie above three, with two selected for the Niger El? ho bs . t he others, enables Mr. Dent to affirm that he beliesei_ t , t s fu r ,ity, 4 year supplied their Lordships with snore Chronetn; t he 0!, " ,;,.. use of the Royal Navy than have been furnisbe , i 00/, any other Maker. ~,,,,, thsi it ' te' It affords Mr. Dent additional pleasure 0 "`",1 20 hi"; p to their Lordship? high recommendation he ooe s ", Die having made a Geld Chronometer, presented to the to pedition by his Royal Highness Prince Albert. , v i s till to Dent's Lectures on Chronometers, Clocks, 10",ireseat be obtained at 82, Strand, price one shilling', but r . ' customers gratuitously. olio ". Present price of Two-day Chronometers, '!- ' 'JO• BIRTHS. b * fts. On the 11th inst., at George-street, Edinburg , . d art Cameron, of a son. 14 1 . Crr A On the 14th inst., at Antwerp, the lady of P" pia 03 , the Esq., of a son. On the 16th inst., at Chester-place, it eg ent'S.l • i t , e y. of the Rev. F. T. New, of a son. , of the ' , On the 18th inst., in Charter House, the w ife g a eo bi P A. P. Saunders, of a daughter. V•A Gr is' On the 18th inst.,' at Oxford, Mrs. N • I ° ill , a son. , „ te• On the 19th inst., Mrs. Robert Finch, of "'" 4 - R i ga I .o4 e f' daughter. Of° of 0 0 a n n t t l h i e el lt th inst., at Balham-hill. Mrs. J o h n t a.P' isc if 0 , , , of daughter. inst., at Stoke Newington, _th e sow n' Tyser, Esq., of a son. S ra line" I ' DeOvonnt st e ire l . 9 s t t h re i e n t s , inst., the Portland-place, eladyof R o bert • , • of a son• it ,. . • n ol ' t ; I ' On the 11th inst., at churco,... ffe idOm - MSALRGRe/orF;e.D,s. .. Liveiti, ,_ ~ Hobbies, Esq , surgeon, of Wednesbury, B ' 4l i c al Sarah B. Jackson, of Boston United State. tov rteri ; d e On the 18th inst., at Weymouth , W illiam s', uisk-1, 4 0 et' Esq., of Wood Ball, Downham, Norfolk, 1 0 " -° 0 ,4 v' ro s t el l° daughter of Thomas Champion, _.Esq. of Stokel").,er, F the On the 18th inst., at St. Mary 'Church, P h n te ' r o f in _ A Giachosa, Hanoverian, to Anne, eldest cla u f, ea el. 'cll °Tv t R. Semler, Esq., of East-hill, Wandsworth, D,,humh, flieses Cat n the 19th inst., at St. Pancras New ( - 1 , 0 s e ri, A s cot .h t tarns, Esq., of Greenwich and Mark -lane, iliamiltoire daughter of William Hopkinson, E s q" 01 44e,t.•st et -New-road. er-sV an lil On the 19th inst., at St. George's, Ha y ford, ‘ .o _ l ee , W. Beckett, B. A. Trinity College , Sarah, daughter of the late J. Barrow, Esq. , u' Berkeley-square. 10 W illa • f 1 DIED. the wife ° a j e g. On the Ist of June, at Sydney, Emily, ~,_,h 'W . 44 fler a Beckett, Esq., Solicitor- General of New you cotal,.. r _, 13005,0. East Indies, = On the 4th of August, at Kirkee, h ~,sattgb it .. mar, paymaster 4th Light Dragoons. , ___ f o ot , h e On the lath inst., at Abingdon, Sarah A u "' er of ''' , a ugh t of W. Graham, Esq., On the 16th inst., at Taunton, Sonaerseta Rev. 0 n H t 1 . 1 evil? Wilberforce,i os . , lllar i y , oFlorence, o t f h w e a n ii n; beir - ; :r, — . ;o i l' s , g e s l o l l t• Ceil Anne Melhut-h. L i e uteo gn PI On the 16th inst., in Bryanston-squ are, ISt ° ' • fif the , Sir Joseph Fuller, G.C. H. :dov e ...- t o On the 17th inst., at Ipswich, Isabella, 'oh f die 7 Head, Esq. • • ~ „ w idow O , On the 17th inst., at Streatham, Do r, ” • .''' .„ ..1 g rtllP fieury Munt, Esq., of lielso3. le to. - . A v. - London: Printed and = Published by -vi MUZ trj ll2, 11 ,V10 Ne. 112, Strand, at The Su n Offiget„, ° ;,a t ' the county of Middlesex, Weduesittyl ww" RIVALRY IN BUSINESS. The rivalry, a few years ago, among the manufactu rers of matchless blacking was so great, that two or three of the leading houses in that department of trade actually retained poets of high reputation to sing the praises of their paste and liquid. It has been confi dently stated that even Byron himself, before he attained the height of his fame, received enormous sums for his poetical eulogiums on the shoe polish of a well-known manufacturer of that commodity. Whether this be true or otherwise, I am not in a condition to say ; but no one in the practice of reading the public journals eighteen or twenty years ago, could fail to have been struck with the rapid succession of brilliant poetic effu sions in praise of the commodity in question, which then graced the advertising columns of the newspapers. In some cases, the jet-blacking proprietors monopolized the talents of particular poets, paying them an annual sum for their " verse," just as the proprietor of a magazine pays its editor, and expressly stipulating that no rival manufacturer of the paste or liquid should have the be nefit of their abilities. In other instances, it was pri vately intimated to most of the literary men then in the metropolis, that poetical pieces would be gladly re• ceived, and that those which were approved should be liberally remunerated—the remuneration being at the rate of one guinea for every twenty lines. A gentle- , man of competent taste was duly appointed, and duly salaried, to sit in judgment on the pieces submitted for decision. There were hosts of competitors, and the quality of the pieces ranged from the highest order of excellence to the veriest trash. The muses must have wept, if their ladyships resign themselves to the melting mood, to think that such discreditable effusions as some of them were, should ever have proceeded from the pens of persons who but a few moments before had pro fessed to pay their court to them.—Lights and Shadows of London Life, by the Author of " The Great Me tropolis." LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sra—The discussion on the subject of four-wheeled 'and six-wheeled engines, which has been hitherto con fined-to the profession, having been recently taken up by the public press, it appears desirable to place the subject in a more just point of vied than it has hitherto been regarded in by the public ; and in furtherance of this I beg leave to offer the following rensitrks : . In a four-wheeled engine (as constructed by Mr. Bury, of. the London and Birmingham. ailway, the only maker of eminence in England who now adopts this method of construction) the- engine .has only what are termed. inside-framing% ; that is to nay, -the engine; is entirely supported by resting-on 'the axles at. points: the wheels ;• in a sixwheeled engine the prin.• cipal points of support are Outside the wheels:— ' The distance between the - points of support is thud' much, greater,,in,a'six than in' a . four-wheeled engine., •PrOW ? no one . 4 all'acquaintek eitViei with the theory citmachineFy, or the practical; ennstruction 0r.w0i,V1,4 t. of machines, can ,be ignorant that the gieater tha dia ; tarrce between the bearing* er points .of, napport, the greater the steadiness of a shaft, be-it driVen in. any ; manner whatever. This-observation is -more parti, eularly true when any disturbance :of. the sinnoth ness of the motion is to be sought for, not in external c:renailtances, but in the nature of 'thelorees acting 'on the machine - . This is thacase in thelocOmetive engine. It is generally assumed that the oscillating and unplea sant motion of a locomotive engine, and which is the' : causo.o£ its quitting the Tali, is caused by the uneven ness and bad repair of, the. road.. This is only par tially true ; the real cause exists in. the engine itself. ' , Were the cranks of the driving axle placed on a line with 'the axis of the engine, the engine would have co tendency to move otherwise than in a straight line; as this is riot the case, and the cranks are placed one , . on 'each sine, and the engine does not adt on each with equal force. at the same instant, the engine is -dragged alternately from one side of the road to the other..; it, in fact, progresses sideways. Owing to the reason-just mentioned this motion is much less in a six-wheeled than in a four-wheeled, engine ; of this fact any one can convince themselves by a five minutes' rido on two engines of different construc tions. 'There is another point in the construc tion . of four-wheeled engines 'with inside framing;, which - renders them somewhat objectionable. Owing to the narrowness of the distance between the bearings, the eccentric gear is obliged to be placed more in the centre than is requisite in an engine with outside framings. To giVe room for the eccentric gear in the centre, the boiler has to he raised higher above the axle, rendering the engine what is termed groggy, in common parlance, top-heavy. These engines are thus more liable to upset than the six -wheeled, as was shown to be the case on the Brighton, and also in an unfortu nate and fatal accident that happened some months back on the London and Birmingham Radway,_ and which will doubtless be in the recollection of your readers, from the deep excitement it caused at the time in the public mind. The greatest argument against four-wheeled engines with inside framings is to be found in the fact, that al. though this was the original form of engine, only one maker of eminence (Bury) in this country continues to construct this sort of engine. In the United States only one firm, that of Messrs. Norris and Eastrick, adopt this plan, the first makers in that country, in cluding. aildtvin and Co., of Philadelphia, adopting the other form of engine. It may then be asked, what are the inducements to employ such engines? The principal one undoubtedly is, their greater cheapness. An engine of Mr. Bury's build costs about 1,330/., while a six-wheeled engine, constructed by Sharp and Roberts, of 'Manchester, costs from 1,800/. upwards. On the London and Birmingham line, where 100 engines are employed, a saving is thus effected of from 40,0001. to 50,000/. ; an inducement not to be readily overlooked by a commer cial company. In conclusion, although I acknowledge that, as Sir Roger de Coverley would say, much may be said on both sides with respect to the merits of four and six wheeled engines, yet I must observe that there is but one opinion in the profession concerning engines with inside framings—viz , that they arc decidedly objec tionable, and even unsafe. I might, perhaps, have begged the insertion of these observations before, had I not only just now returned from a profess;onal visit abroad ; should you consider them worth inserting you will greatly oblige Your obedient servant, Blackwell, Oct. 17. EDWARD A. SEAWARD MURDER AT SYDNEY. From Port Philip accounts of the 2d of June bad arrived at Sydney, and gait the horrifying particulars of the murder of Mr. Morton and his servant by the blacks in the interior in the month of May last. The Port Philip Gazette of that date contains a letter from the party who discovered the bodies. Describing the discovery he says—" A little on the right of the track I observed what I considered at first was - a white log, with a large eagle-hawk perch ing upon it ; upon my nearer approach the bird rose slowly and heavily from the mangled re mains of poor Mr. Merton. He was stripped quite naked, and lying on his face, the greater part of which was actually cut ay.ay ; his head is one mass of fright ful woun d s, an d many b ru i ses on diff e rent parts of the arms and b o d y , w hi c h i s torn by birds of prey. About fifty yard s o ff l ay t h e rema i ns or skeleton of Larry, from w h ose b ones uncles wGithOda off. The skin was cut a little above the wrists and the flesh had been completely cut fore life was extinct, as the struggle with him parts the flesh was cut, and nothing left but bare o s n h l a y rp ku kt a l:e s o w r he in ti s i t e r r u t m ,h e e n y t ; from all other speared through the wrisr'rnssto"t.ehreegroundi .h d :n rt in tl d iia b be fore life and dreadful ; his a 'extended, and were The scene of this horrible narrative was a place called Mustham. Dispatches .from the Governor of Gibraltar were re ceived ye3terday at the Colonial-office. EVENING SUN r i. 4b k. T 1 M 7 ‘ sh 1 4; tor 8114 PA rno §4l J 'S G a~ ~, 2 0 6C) --.,. . Twi ibef t . ri tta nett 1024 0 IV p ie ; t k *i th A. t 41 t4a ) tq l ter c 144 Mb "tilt all