The Sun. — London, England, 1819-06-04 00:00:00

it—be . an Eng )f spaia ihat the enticing hoot the to serVC em WaS reel nits minster, i-street. ge %veil Parfiat ►nCipl r 17361 !i1 Erlilsil joining; he pin. he sub.. eppll Mirage, tending , n Law.* 3ubjecti vas the or this ecailing m i g ht, rst was a riles' se waS liect act of ty r an d 'g ships ormersp )is BA"' By the r)le Wag . , bI e at, ►w Ibis [li e satelf ffect of aiVi r_vrnt • es. Isiderel 5 it bad [lies, be I. The reign 4 vs; eil CO en 11)3t tries. --1 o f this 114 1118 E. he idolt yersiooP e r cases un. an" . to sop: in their 'er tbel :e of s talked ipte in' selling ate, sc: vas said le Com' jects by re !d tb BC. •nst ag e ; ? Fir nk tlj sooner 3i!l, !i7 prese ;lin the a (~l i ~ • i Pi_ >ciiatel~ .1f siderem milt 011 its t{O• r 011 !It thilg I Coin' hich IA whiel l as re ° 310 till nforns' ,n3tica4 ime h s Fritai but otti on 14 ' I ncipleg . r. • It love Ire like gard ictato to OP -,, s w e t " than its . ., le we . ", of onif ntnges , ‘; tbo A c t betr ) in, an j re v°, _ . 31111: 1 1 . . V; Ce ' egiOn g : ; hts by , e „ the i e ws C f ral • migb t ere f o re r coul d to —o°' L . a t„ - ,•eni laws ; but it Watt absurd that one of cond, thotieh originating in p ar ti cu l ar c a uses, the parties to the coiltest should r e quire t o were in principle extended tiniversally to all na -114ve new laws enacted for its Own peculiar bene. buns . Such being the general principle on which and to t h e prejUdice, of the other party:— this country had long acted towards all the States .1 he Treaty with Spain in 1814 could not b e a of E uro p e , h e would ask, if the people of South f oundation for the Bill, as it bad never been dis- America .could be put oil a better tooting, than the . fussed or approved of by the House. The policy recognized families of Europe ? The Bill was, in of other States should not he proposed - as an his opinion, founded on the most correct principles 'tXample for ours, inasmuch as our poliey had al- of neutrality, and the provisions of it were agree earays been peculiar to Ourselves. which w a s a p r i n .. able to the - practice of our ancestors. ermine o f o ur n a tional greatness. lie con- Mr MAcDoNALD was anxious to impress upon -sidered it most onwise to shut np the only vent the House this great and important fact—that !hat seemed to have been psovidentially opened this measure, however stipported by the learning 'Tor the disposal o f 13ritish merchandise, and and logic of Doctors' Commons, whatever ab thonght the b . abits of our countrymen wo u ld b e straet reasoning Wig ht be employed by Genilemen `-rnimriiveal by learning to sympathise with the as- on the other side, did mainly and effectually go to Imirations of brave men, after liberty, the destruction of the cause of the independent AireManaVAtT thought that the moment the Patriots in South America. Much had been saki eloose proceeded to legiilatc on this subject, it also by the Gentlemen on the opposite benches % ) "it a part.—(Hear !)—lt was therefore proper respecting the right of this G o vernment tie inter- Illa t the House should consider the merits of the fere : the right could not for a t»oment he con )test in whi c h they were about to lotto - fere. tratliced , but lie entertained cousiderable (Nieto .1.11(;re had been sufficient experience of the policy whether the House wonid have the heart to pass 'adopted by Spain towards her Colonies; an d i t such a Bill as was now at , empted to be thrust Ivas only necessary to consider the c ond u ct of th a t upon the nation. Although the arguments of his cnuotry with respect to the trade and govern- Hoot. Friend who had spoken this night against Brent of its Colonies, to see how aho 'linable it the measure had not been overcome, yet they had bad been. It Was . not till the year 1808 that any in some degree been distorted and disfigured by degre e of political infOrmation reached these Co- what had been said by the other side; and he lorries, At that time, in consequence of the over• thought he could not do better than bring back turn of the Spanish Government in Europe by to the recollection of the House some of the most litionaparte, she Colonies found it necessary to striking arguments %illicit had been urged by his e stablish s om e sort of local Government for Honourable Friend. The spe e ch of the Honour, l i ni ttselv es , j untas were erec t e d in the various able M 'tuber for Sandwich, and that of the .Hon ( I tivitteea, and an edict was published by the Memher for Banbury, had been endeavoured to be (%outmeil' of Regency, opening the trade of answered, but without success. What they emintries to the • various nations of had contended, and what lie should now Con ti!" But this edict onmediarely ex- tend, was, that the utmost that could be expected cited the indignation of e the Cadiz merchants, of the Nation by Government was, a substanti a l had enjoyed the whale monopoly of that and bona fide sysrem of rm-interference ; but t rade ; and in conseirenee was revoked thi s c oulti only he done by leaving the laws //i "liti two months. With the return-of Ferdi- ira stain quo, with out retereiwe to any of th e 11 ,athl the S event h cam e an a ttempt to re-establish parties. A sy;tem of impartial neutrality had 41 1 the abuses of the old system ; an d t h e res i st - been deprecated by Minioers, in order to attempt :ne e of this attempt OCC3sloilvd the present con- that of speculativ e p a rt talky ; aud they had shun test. With respect to the issue of the contest, it by the time and the circumstances no d ar w hi c h :a ' to he co n ii!et eo that all the great resources the proposition was made, what was the real na. 4) f wete i.i South ATnerica—that in th e tore and character of the measure : it ,might seem esod . that coteitry was her wealth—and in its at fist sight to be an equitable proceeding, but a r l "'ts the m a terials hit. a navy. Therefore the little reflection, would show it to be not o n ly a : mt v l ll -m; i ge!' the C witest continued, the more weak most imprudent, but a most mijust and oppressiv e o e become. and the more strong her attempt. . Bit he felt a sootmg preliminary ( l's. The war disturhed the commerce of Hon to the Bill, arising from its more than sus e,4se cumi n ties, and thereby injured the whole of picirms origin : it bore marks the most distinct -e!....itoDe.. h i, eotrutrv, therefore, had a ri a bt to and unequivocal of a foreign sugges•ion—a sug rah 'Ton Stain not to persevere in a hopeless gestion, too, conting from a varier of all others I it l""est. Th e Hon. Aember then called the at- thet- the least entitled to expect any grac e or f,.y our a t t of the (Louse to what he thought a gross the hanqs of a British Politic. The Learned Ci. (I . l .ation of neutrality on the part of a British vilian opposite (Sir Christopher Robinson) had ‘'eroor, A vat num b er of th e natives at the dwelt much upon the principle which was teeogniz i'.r"t'as. in coeseqns lice of the tippressions of ed hy this Bill ; but lie (Mr M.) telt anxious to %a : 4 'e wh o then governed their counti.y, some press upon the House the consideraiion of the time ex n e ago deemed it wise tot migrate to Ti might!, toot eircumstanees tinder witch this measure was ,Pectina au asylum ; but the Governor, trout proposed. Why was not such a Bid as this intro -Not, ere • moti ves he could not pretend to say, not, d oce d a t :h e commencement ot Ole contest in South refused them the ptivlege of lauding, but America ? Perhaps Government had not calculated : r tu ally forced (item back to the Spanish Main, i upon the deep interest which Englishmen seemed to their own country, which was lien to take in the fate of the Spanish ledependeots; Il et t:Pied by t h e , anti-patriotic party (Morino), it was not expected that so wally British subjects It o - La immediately massacred them on their de- wo u ld transport themselves to the distant shores of neutrality !. This was adhering to the principles of Chili. The Noble Lord had told th e [l ouse , o 4 "grahty with a vengeance !: Some other in- that it was nor proposed so long as eny hope of a e t : , "es, although none so flagrant, could be ad. reconciliation remained. A reconciliation! Why, ara e !‘ l - He was astonished that the Government the Noble Lot d knew very well that so long a go -1 148 country should manifest such partiality all t as the mission of the Marquess Wellesley to Cadiz, of a "udden to the beloved F rdinand, who had not the least hope of a reconciliation remained : cu t-d emonstrated any ktudite's to the subjects of the highest degree of animosity existed bet "cent e at Britain Soon after Ws accession to the the belligerent parties ; it was indeed belluin ad a r an ish Throne, one of the first acts of Ferdinatid internerionens. During all this time, since' the 6 6a' to order General Tuanksgiving in - all commencement of the war, this Government had to'rnlrches on the retirement of the British troops, been inactive, and never dreamed of restraining s i t • h aving got rid of all the heretics. Jo oppo- British subjects from exerting themselves in the i( , ) n to all principles of liberty, he then re-est a . cause of independence. But now toraonth wh en the fcrii_ed time laquisition. And was this the man crisis bad arrived, whet) the patriots had by their rif r Whom we were to check the generous spirit valoer and intrepidity, by their manly persever , °u r countrymen in the cause of the South once in die cause of liberty, after having under 3erieans He was ashamed that any Govern- gone the most oppressive human sofferings, nearly shotmld try to involve itself in difficultie s on achieved the long-wished for triumph, when they zeount of a M onarc h, w h o was an enem y t o th e h a d but one stroke mot e t o att a i n th e i r g l or i ou s 4r ter est . sof mankied. U n der such circumstances, deliverance from the yoke of their ipplessors, dow I l th at we ought to obs e rve, should be cool and Ministers had conic forward ,to dash down the cup , a a e lti() us neu rainy, leaving things as they were, of hope, to Paralize all their exertions, and, to 8 ! ) the Chapter of Aecideote: atreteh.ont saving hand to the last efforts of ex alesir Rosostsota supported time was piring tyranny. As far as time British Government wa t i I y e th le mrt, forithe first time, that in a question was concerned, the hopes of Spain had not been nature te e co ed u et o f i n di v id ua l s cou ld b e Alisappoined; but he hoped that his ni g ht Ferdi ‘ratagimislol from that of the State. The State nand would be aware how much hue bad miscalcu 10:lanswerable for the conduct of the individuals laced the character of a British 'Parliament. The " 411 411; "g"e ' to it. 'lime conduct of those indivi- Noble Lord seemed anxious to go into a wider • again " 1 40 be the cause of war being waged and more distant field of action than he had lately by eati St the S ate. This principle was laid down been accustomed to, and woold now call down the l eeeti w riters on time Law of Nations. The Go- enmity and hatred of an unhappy people, who had airacesit was th ere f ore ca ll e d on not on ly tt i guar d a l wa y s l oo k e d to Engl a nd f or protect i on an d sup itite S t the comm i ss i on o f acts o f a h ost il e na- port. S o muc h for the politics of the Noble to v t°9 ' ll rds .any other Government, but also Lord. But this line of conduct was the n :he t4tel% over the conduct of individuals. In absurd, the more 'unjust he should say, seven last ,;( w 'r - Proclamations during the American and it was considered that Unland itself ' pchnt- W ar ei s d le we. had contended for the principle eal out to the South American Independents try it had been the policy of this coma- the way to overcome this weak, but legitimate ' j r h,ere this principle for two centuries. 'Monarch, Ferdinand VU. Neither did he see any th ere n t 's one instance of which ere e knew, and thing in the character of Ferdinand to justify this act li ght be•more, of our Courts of Law hay.. departure from uniform practice. It was but the on this priociple•—About the year 1678; other day that this glorious Monarch, this 1 4 e e a t e e i r i a i ll'll 'bicts of this country were indicted for Ally to whool litigland was linked by ties of af tent i g French ships against Spaig. In a re- fection, thought proper to cede to America, con o t , iSta nce,.theprinciple had received the sane- the rival of England, one of his most impor tat" . t 'he House. So late as 1794 it was stip]. tart -possessions. \ A cession, such as that of try, „ I l i ' a treaty 'settee!) America and this court- the Floridas, could never have been made, had acei :: r at all subjects of either co u nt ry , who should the spirit of time Treaty of Utrecht been upheld. 02v:flab: k elt s. O , ..1 8 1 11 g y commissi on , or enlist into time service But independently of that consideration, such an St ate ,war • with either of them, such agrandizemeot of a powerful rival ought not to ht be punished as pirates. This offence be g passed over without a strict enquiry into the tee o ;. , e l laildy subjected to a punishment, which cause of this most extraordinary and unprece heee_ , 1 _deemed unmerciful ; for be believed, it had dented proceeding. A reason, however, had been i)jr _c e r beldre been supposed to constitute an act of assigned for this cession, 'and it was a most cut- Y • But it clearly spewed the opinion of the rions one : it was, that the King of Spain was I,klilitt,ilattire on the subject of the principle. Sti- utterly incapable of maintaining his possessions. om arta. o e ns , of the same nature were inserted in the According to this doctrine, then, Ferdinand was yi ea b etween America and Prussia, and Ame- to be allowed to make what cessions lie pleased, e j Spai n . • • lunia . • • shelved what the general to whatever Power he chose, howevee it might psis sol),wms' with r espect to the national law on injure this country . Althougla this Monarch had, ()rand that it was nnderstood, that the ntirely lost the power of protecting, he retained ediiections of individuals towards in full energy all his capabilities ot opressing " I other of the t trat ed e. , 'e 'germs, were not to be to- and now the House was called upon to p give effec iltriw(roho kicho.l,ot. tssv,„.aasl interference between Spain the' aid to this imbecile, impotent, but legitimate er prohibited by a special treaty. Monarch. The nation revolted at the idea. It ot „ tr _ be qui te a mockery •to prohibit the supply might hitherto act upOn the system of nonainter bouth"Ar.l'_dra.mmunition, and to aIIOW men to go to ference, hut beyond that it would not go. Time ' iv 'Ca- Tbe statutes of George the Se- moral feelings of a free and noble-minded people haEi been triF:ed with by the Government, but the nation would be tound to he superior to these dis gr,:ceful attempts ; the people of England would compel the Government to respect them, and would sheW that tbry were stronger than even power itself. I wished to put an end to any family alliance or la mily compact (the 1 - inurhAiis) which had excited so limb jealousy on tie part of this country. The COMOIMI law Wits hiethfclual itl thl3"Case. It could not •prevent the departure of those large tran sports now lying in the Itiaer, in i complete slate of war equipmeht, ror South America. As to North America, the Act passed by that country in 1818 had no connexion whwevee ttitir the cession of the ror das by Spain. Negoeia , ions were then carried on ra her bet• ee i the !vv.') n kris ; yet the Ameri-an Govern ment thought proper, .under such circumstances, to put au end to the priictices which this Bill was inienilecl to repress. Atte r every other conatry had established its neutrality; he truster) that Eng land would not be the only onF that should cease to respect the fail) of treaties. If Min sters ap• plied to Parliament fur extraordinary and sangui nary powers instead of those necessary to give ef fect to she common law, then indeed might they meet with a repulse; but he trusted the House would approve of tb' rs , esent mode of enabling the Crown to maintain a strict neutral y. Lord Cam,saaaou vindicated the principle of the Bill. It was to act prospectively, and not re trospectively. In almost all the arguments which had been advanced against it, Gentlemen had taken false groands. They ought to look at the character of the offence. The Government could not sulfur itself to be implicated in the misconduct of certain individtrals. This country could not in terfere with the subjects of foreign nations at war with the sovereign authority. It was true, when on our own shores we not only receive agents or emissaries from the countries alluded to, b t actually evuipped formidable armaments, that Goverronent s%hould inter Pose its authority. The adventurers or this country not only sent out re eirneuts well organized for the service of the South Americans, bur ships of war have also pro. seeded thither. With the subjects of some fo reign Powers it has been the practice to let out for hire troops ; this was no violation of the law of nations, because such practices bad been "re cognized by the different Powers. But the Noble Lord denied that it bad ever been the practice of this country to let troops out for Hire, and therefore such an assumption of power by the individuals now offending was a direct violation of the law of nations. With all the eloquence of th e Hon. Member who had just sat dovers, and his Lordship maintained that his speech contaioed more declamation than argurnept—he wished to know if the conduct of the innividn +ls now alluded to was not a sufficient cause for war on the part of Spain ? If, for instance, we halllal thor Spain was fitting not an armament from Co roona against our West India Colonies--and by such individuals as now referred to—would Doi that be a sufficient cause for war on the part of En-slant! ? kirhat sort of a character would the Government of this country suppose to, havesin the eyes of Marone, if it suffered such adventorers ro cont i nua t h e i r ii warrantable courses? If we re mained any longer with Indiffercrige,we mould com promise our : character not oily as rilsiovel innent but as a Nation.—(Hear, hear, heat !—There were a set of mereani ile adventurers in this coon try, who, forgetful of the true character of Bri. tish rotochants, became political age n ts, - :in ex-1 peel e 'o n of wooderful commercial. adva n t ag es. He should he ashamed to allow our national elra- I raster to suffer by any such sinister comparison. So much for the Law of Nations, according to this new analogy ! lie hesrowed praise on his Hon. and Learned Friend .(Sir C. Robinson) for the exelanations nod definitions which lie had entered into for the information of the House. • 1 he present Bit! was founded on principles of iris rice between Belligerent Powers. With regard to all the laws which related to our fellow-subjects abroad, the British Government. bad always acted with every degree of lenity end mercy. Bat so far as regarded the interfeseirce of British sub jects with the interests of foreign nations in alliance with us, it was absolutely necessary to adhere to the strictest rules of neutrality ; and therefore the interference of the ,individuals now mentioned wass contrary to the law of nations, and contrary to the policy of the British Govern ment. , What sort of a neutraility is that which Gentlemen desired us to maintain by leaving this law as we found it ? If the law be defective, it was necessary to amend it. No circumstance so strongly calls for the inserference of Parliament as that now under discussion. • To staffer airy longer such figgressioni., by which the character of the Goreremeot and that of the Nation were impli cated, would be acting nohecomitiglY and in4' - coroosly So far as regarded the policy of sa tious, we tempi not repel the claims of Spahr...— It was oar deckled determination, on principles of neutrality, not to show favour to one Bel ligerent Power more than to another. The policy with Spain in the year INS or 180 . 9, when the latt e r Power was at war, was di rected by different principles. But whatever that policy was, it did not preclude us front the recog nition of former treaties. It was a rirspect due to the House to call Gentlemen to a sense of their duty by the statement of ticts. The 1 reaty of 1797 was no bar to our interference on the pre sent occaeion. In reference to an Hon. Member on 'he second belie!) (Mr. Niarryatt), the Noble Lord nut only contradicted several of his argu ments, bait gave the most positive contradiction to his statement regarding the South American Emi e grants at Trinidad. His Lordship read an extract . from an Official Paper, by which it appeared that there was not the slightest ground for the repre sentation. So far from forcing them back to their native place (where they were massacred), with out the liberty of landing, - his Lordship aseured the House; that 690 were admitted to a land ing. The Chief of the Emigrants, however, with some of his followers, returned to . the Spa nish Main, while' his wife and children remained at 'Trinidad ; and the whole number that had been landed at the latter place amounted to 3323. So tar as regarded the great-commercial adVate rages expected by the mercantile adventurers, who,. by the acts of their political or warlike agents, had compromised the character of a British merchant, the Noble Lord assured them and the -country, that wherever their influence had extended, coln merce had considerably diminished. A spirit of jealousy had arisen, and the confusion - which followed had been productive of many calamities, especially. where there was a commixture of the commercial with the military character. Mer chants, however, must not interfere in. a military line, to involve the Government• By • the Treaty between this country and Spain, we never promised to interfere with arms to effect, the reduction of. the South: Americans.. . All that we promised was the interposition of our. good offices, or mediation, between Spain and her Colonies. In contradic tion of the thanksgiving said to have been given in the churches for the retirement of all heeetics from Spain--meaning the British army the Noble Lord assured - the . House, that the alliance between the two countries had.. been -renewed- tteouglastlid r iasedium of Sirs Henry, Wellesley ; and that the King of Spain was anxious to prove to England and Etdope, that he After some explanations betwe(n Mr Marryatt and Alr. Goulbtirti, and a few ‘vor:.is from Mr, Martin (of Galway), %vim, though roust friendly to the cause of the Pail lots, .11:1) , Ited rbe present rneesore, and exprzssed his belief, ;hat eß:re Mr. Fax alive he would also vote with his Majesty's Miniver, on this occasion. The House divided. . . 155 For the Amendment Against it Majority for Ministers --13 the numbers ‘vere aunrmixed, thßousts - resounded it h the cheers of thr Oppositiou _ . TIFRNEY wished to koow of the Noble Lord, if he meant to persevere in the resent Bill, whrtt day he would Ex for going into the Comtnitiee ?- Lor,) CASTLERFAGR said, that whenever the .question egme a ain hefore the House, tie should not . be•afraid of the result.. Mr. 'I IL the - Noble Lord have the goortneiA to state %vh►►t diy Re wit! go into the Commi:tee ? Lord CASTLE:REM:3U was ►tntlerstootl to refer to the ?Attorney-General for an answer to that Tots- Hon TiiC ATTORNEY-GIINERAL 11111(1, that lie should piopose next Thursday In go inc)"tht , Coninitttee. Mr. TIERtiLY asked 'why so distant a ddy was fixed ? Tile CHANCELLOR of the . EXCI-IbIUER vas rising, when Mr. TIERSEY observed, that he had put a rpiesft tion to the N,,ble Lord, who had referred liiin to the Attorney-General ;- and when that Learned Gentleman was ahont to speak,, up . statted the, Chancellor of the I;47(eirequer, to take the words out of his mouth.—(Laughter Lord CASTLERRAGH stated, that an eatlier dtiy could scarcely have been fixed upon, as'on Mon-, day his Right Hon Friend would enterlutolhe detail of his Finance Resolutions. Tuesday he believed, al o fully occupied, and AVednesnay', would be dedicated to tire Bud e'. Thursday itas therefore the first clear Ilay that presentedAtself Mr. Alderman WAITHMAN rejoiced that a mea t : sure of this importance should not he:presPed too rapidly, as he knew for certain bat petitions would be sent against it from all parts of 010 country. The Bill was then read a second time, and or dered to be committed 'text 'Thursday. LIVERPOOL PEMION. Mr. CANNING. rose to present a petition which iv 'had received front the Merchants, Sitip 0%; ner; and Traders of the city of Liverdool, pravi,g that Voe present Bill might not pass intaa a,na reptiF.ted cheers.)—.-They objec•ed to tic mea• sure nn the ground that a hi4lny beneficial trade yeas now carried oil with the Patriots of South. America, which they feared would be iuterrupied and thrown into the hands of other natioos,.hv the Irt itation which they considered the present - tnea sure likely to produce South Ameriza. In pre seating this petition he should' take, as usual, the liberty of expressing his own sentiments as well as, those of his Constithents. He was of opinion. that their fears were entirely chimerical, and t‘hat :he trade With South America would not be cargi ried on less prosperously because a strict fiction• . lily would be maintained. • _ _ _ Th e petition was then read, laid on the tablet and ordered to.be printed.. BRITISH OFFICERS IN SOUTH AMERICA. Lord M L'ro N moved tor a return of ti.e num. ber of British Officers in the service of the South American [Patriots. Lord PALM ERSTON stated, that the return could not be made, as no public Board knew any thing of that matter. All that could possibly be known , W3R, that certain half-pay officers did nut claim their half-pay, because they could not take the affidavit requisite to authorize them to receive it, But whether they were serving in South America or elsewhere, the Board had no means of ascer- taining. Lord MILTON then modified his motion to a return of such officers on half-pay Who had not applied for their half-pay during the last three years, specifying their respective ranks. Lord CASTLEREAGH opposed the motion as un fair and illiberal towards the Officers thentsclvi.s, as it would prove that they had disobeyed the proclamation of their Sovereign, . which forbade them to enter without leave into a foreign service. Lord .MILTON had omitted Moving for the names of those Officers, on the very ground taken by the Noble . Lortl, whose objection must there fore cease to be applicable. After a few w . ords from Lord CASTLBREAGH and Sir ROBERT -Y,'ILsoN, the Noble Loid cow. stinted to withdraw his motion. CASH PAYMENTS. On the motion of Mr. PEEL, the Bank of Eng land Cash Payment Bill went through a Committee. Mr. ELLICE, said that he-should move the Amendment of which be had given notice, on the bringing up of the Report. The Report was then 01 dGred to be received on Monday. PA RGA. Sir C. ikloicic gave notice that on Tuesday ie'tinight, the lath of June, he should make a further motion respecting the supposed ces-60n of Parga to the Ottoman Porte. Ile then moved