The Sun. — London, England, 1841-08-12 00:00:00

TRIAL OF MADAME LAFFARGE FOR THE ROBBERY OF THE DIAMONDS. TRIBUNAL OF TULLE.—SITTING OF AUGUST 5. Madame Laffarge appeared dressed in deep mourning, and seemed to enjoy good health. The Judge opened the proceedings by recapitulating what had passed on previous trials. Marie Capelle, an orphan and poor, though of a good family, and educated so as to develope her brilliant natu ral qualities, became intimate in 1823 with Mdlle. Cle mente de Nicolai, then fifteen years of age, now Ma dame de Monbreton. Madame de Monbreton loved and spoke highly of her ; so that when Marie Capelle, in 1836, came to live with Madame Valence, mother in-law of Marshal Gerard, who: lived near the Nicolais, she became intimate with them, and especially with the youngest daughter, Marie, who became Madame de Leotaud in 1838. Her mar riage did not destroy her intimacy with Mademoiselle Capelle. She saw her five or six times in the year, and gave her a brooch as a token of friendship. In the month of May, 1839, Mademoiselle Capelle proposed to visit Madame de Nicolai at her chateau of Busaquy. The proposal was accepted, especially as Marie Capelle's health was said to be bad. She arrived at Busaquy on the Ist of June. On the Gth of that month, apropos of the marriage between M. de Gouy and Mdlle. de Beavoir, diamonds were spoken of ; Madame Leotaud produced hers, and left them on the table when she went out, on an ecrin ; she locked up this ecrin on her return. Seven days after, diamonds being again the subject of . conversation, Madame Leotaud brought down her ecrin ; MJIIe. Capelle left the room, and on opening the eerie, the diamonds were gone. Search was made. M. Leotaud went to the police of Paris, and on mentioning Marie Capelle as the niece of :Madame Garat, recalled the circlmstances of divers robberies which bad taken place at Madame Garat's. M. Leotaud ceased to push his inquiries in consequence ; and no more was heard until the police examining Glandier, the residence of Madame Laffarge. after the death of her husband, discovered the diamonds in a box belonging to Marie Capelle, since Madame Laffarge. When first questioned on the subject, Madame Laffarge answered that they were given her by a gentleman whom she did not know. Since then Madame Laffarge tells another story. She says that she and Mademoiselle Nicolai became acquainted with a young man of the name of Clavet, son of a schoolmaster in the Faubourg de Roule. having met him at church and in the street ; that letters passed between them, and at Ic t mrth f C.l.,mt 1.4". e,.- c , nag e, wishing to burn her letters and buy up the silence of Clavet, she employed Madame Laffarge to dispose of the jewels, in order to give the money to Clavet. M. Lachaud, fur Madame Laffarge, then pleaded that the trial ought to be put off. The Judges. who had already adjourned it, did so on the ground that Madame Laffarge should have at least three months to prepare her de fence ; and it was then but forty days since the Court of Cessation had confirmed the decree of the Court fixing the trial. Madame Laffarge only received notice of the present trial on the 23d of June. The appearance of M. Felix Clavet, as witness, was indispensable to establish the innocence of Madame Laffarge. The cross-question ing of that witness, and We confronting him with the two Maries, could alone throw light on the case. It was now some months since M. Clavet must have learned of the trial on which his name was called, why did he not return to speak the truth ? M. Lachaud then said, he wculd read some letters which threw light on Clavet's nos. appearance. Coralli objected to the reading of these letters. The Judge overruled the arguments for delaying the trig. M. Clavet was not necessary to the elucidation of the 'acts. M Lachaud said that M. Clavet was a wretch if he did sot come forward. M. Coralli, for Madame Leotaud, deprecated delay. Why was M. Clavet's presence so necessary. He was not here, but his sister was, and she was the depository of his confidence. M. Odillon Barrot said then an important testimony was wanting in M. Clavet; an objection might be made in the course of the evidence, though it was too soon to make it yet; the trial should first go on. M. Paillet, the eloquent advocate of Madame Laffarge in her other trial, declared that the presence of M. Clavet was indispensable. Madame Laffarge's Counsel then said that she would retire, and faire defaut, that is, make no defence, not being allowed the means. Madame Laffarge having withdrawn about twelve o'clock, the trial was resumed in an hour by the Procu reur-General, who declared that Clavet had been sum moned at Algiers, it. June, 1841. He was at Oran, how ever, and was lately os. the expedition to Mascara, so that he Could not appear. Mdlle. Delvaux, the forme r governess o f Mdll e . d e Nicolai, was then Called and asked to give her testimony. When Marie Capelle visited us, towards the end of Lent, 1836, we often went together to the church Of St. Phi lippe-du •Roule. Among those who attended the church was a young man, whose assiduity made me believe that he came there for the purpose of being remarked by Mdlle. de Nicolai. I acquainted her mother with my suspicious • but having examined Mdlle. de Nicolai more closely, I saw that I was wrong, and told Madame de Nicolai so. Meantime Mdlle. Capelle had succeeded in finding out the name and ad dress of this yoteng man ; she said he had a fine voice, and artfully persuaded Mdlle. de Nicolai to let her write to M. Clavet. We went to the country, and I observed that Mademoiselle de Nicolai was not so gay as usual. I took her apart, and asked her to confide to me the cause of her grief. She told me that she and Marie Capelle had remarked the young man Clavet, and he had become the subject of their attention and curiosity. Mdlle. Capelle proposed to write to this young man, in order to mystify him, and she wrote a few insignificant lines. Several letters were afterwards exchanged. Mdlle. Nicolai again consented to write, and expressed to M. Clavet her regret for having involuntarily hurt him, but also begging him to write to her no longer, for she neither could nor would receive his letters. At the fete of Tivoli she danced with him • this was the first and last time that Mdlle. d e Nicolai spoke to him. In all this recital, it was not difficult to appreciate the small share in it that Mdlle. de Nicolai had. I judged the conduct of Mdlle. Capelle more severely, and from the first impulse thought her as dang erous as a serpent. I th oug ht t hi s a ff a i r qu i te at an en d, when in the first days of June Mdlle. de Nicolai received a parcel, of which the address was written by Mdlle. Ca pelle. It contained a volume of poetry, of which the name of the author was scratched out, and the name of Sire de Coucy substituted, also in the handwriting of Marie Capelle. This book contained a letter from M. Clavet, which Mdlle. de Nicolai imme diately gave me. This letter expressed the certainty of his Wing been the object of a mystification, and complained of a cruel jest being played at his own expense. The aim of this letter was "to reassure Mdlle Nicolai on the sub ject of the fears expressed to Mdlle. Capelle, and which a timid inexperience could alone suggest. His reputa tion was pure and unattackable." I advised Mdlle. Ni cola! to ask to have her letters back. She asked several times without result, and as I learned that Mdlle. Capelle was in Paris in the month of August, I went and asked for them. She answered that they were in a cupboard, of which Madame Garet had the key; but that she would have them ready on the morrow. When I went to receive them I was told that Marie Capelle had left that morning with Madame Garet, her aunt. I thought it hard that Mdlle Capelle should not know the day before, at four o'clock, that she wasgoing at six the next morning; and I thought I had perceived some lies in the recitals made to Mdlle, Nicolai. M. Clavet was no longer thought of, when Mdlle. Nicolai came back from the theatre one night in the month of March, and told me she had seen him on the stage, arter having remarked his name amongst the liar of singers. I went to see the Huguenots to make sure of the fact, but found not the least resemblance between the two persons, and even ral lied her on her facility of finding- the strangest likenesses. Unfortunately, in the month of Cie tober,lB37, Mdlle.Capele and Mdlle. Nicolai met at Madame de Monbreton's. The former said she was very ill ; the doctors, from what she said, thought ill of her case. In tho month of . June, 1838, she asked to come to Busae •: ; we did not dare to refuse her demand, in spite of e:1 the reports concerning her. If all ladies whose conduct, is light were to be shunned, the worlu would soon be deserted.—(A laugh.) I was not at Busaquy, in the drawing-room, when tile diamonds were stolen. As soon as I arrived I was to of the suspicions raised agst Mddle Capelle. The second witness was the Marchioness de Nicolai. She knew Marie Capelle in 183 Q, _An acqua intance was, formedletween her and my daughter. Mademoiselle Capelle offered to visit us in the country, my daughter, Madame Leotaud, being th n pfa . ant and in ill health. There was a Plan' in ray daughter's ro om ; Marie Capeiit practised at it for hours. The witness gave the same account of the disap pearance of the diamonds as Mdlle De vale, Some days after Mdlle. Capelle mentioned that she ha.- vo- ate" at night, and had persuaded her servant that it we, be cause she had swallowed the diamonds of Madame de Leotaud. Later, Madame de Leotaud confessed to her mother that she suspected Marie Capelle of having stolen the diamonds. Madame de Monbreton mentioned these suspicions to Marie Capelle's aunt, Madame Garet, who then revealed a variety of larcenies committed in her house. We were disposed not to aggravate the position of Madame Laffarge when we heard that she had been circulating stories of Madame de Leotaud having robbed herself. Later Madame de Martens asked us not to own that the diamonds were ours, in order to save Marie Capelle. M. Bac, her advocate, had a long conversation with M. and Madame Leotaud. M. Leotaud explained to M. Ban that M. Clavet had quitted France in 1836, had gone to Mexico and to Algiers, and only returned in 1839 ; and that all the infamous calumnies about Madame and St Leotaud wishing to gi"e her the price of the jewels, fell to the ground. M. Bac admitted it. M. Lachaud made us a similar demand. Madame Laffarge was importunate, and stretched out a suppliant hand. We observed that the suppliant hand lalaich she held forth was of hot iron. We offered, if Mad se Laffarge' s counsel would plead her being of unsound mind, th a t we would support it conscientiously, after all we had seen of her. M. La chaud said, 'hat Madame Laffarge would never admit this, that she was an extraordinary woman, and would rise up to protesa of her perfect sanity. The next witnes s was Denis Barbiere, who had been servant at M. Lathrge's. He stated merely that M. Laffarge wanting a diamond one day to cut glass, asked it of big wife, who brought him one. Philip Mignan said he 'cad heard M. Laffarge say that his wife had offered him :her diamonds to sell. The mother of M. Laffarge, it seemed, was ready to make the same testimony, but the Judge would not allow of her being called as a witness. M. Lecointe, the jeweller, recognised the diamonds and the setting of the ornaments, which had been sold to Madame de Leotaud. The ornaments were worth about neo/. SECOND DAY.—AuG, 6. The concourse was fell as great as on the preceding day, t tlthoush it Was well know that Mme. Marie farge would not appear ; but the public curiosity was I excited by the expectation of hearing the evidence of the sister of M. Clavet, and a letter from himself sent from the town of Guadalaxara, in the interior of Mexico. At a quarter past eight o'clock, the Court was opendi, and the proceedings were resumed. Pierre Coullebceuf, a domestic servant from the Rue Saint-Florentin, Paris, was the first witness examined. He deposed that he knew M. Felix Clavet in 1839, when he returned. Mr. Felix Clavet was a young man of gentlemanly manner and habits, of a respectable family and good principles, incapable of accepting such presents as had been imputed to him, or of committing any base or immoral action. M. Poutier (Raymond), physician in the army of Al giers, the uncle of Mme. Laffarge, deposed as follows: I was at Algiers in July, 1840, and one day, whilst walking with some officers, M. Alphonse Cleve came up to us. We were talking of the affair of Laffarge, and, when I heard his name, I asked him if he was the per son mentioned on the trial ; he replied in the negative, but said he knew the M. Clavet referred to, having deli vered to him a box, which had been sent by Mme. de Leotaud, on receiving which M. Felix Clavet said, " It is a hox of colours which has been sent to me by Mme. de Leotaud." I remarked that this information was en tirely at variance with what Mme. de Leotaud had stated at the trial, and, as it was important, requested him to make a declaration in writing, which he did,, and I sent it to the Counsel of Marie Capelle. The box was ad dressed, in the first instance, by the landlord of the hotel of the Croix g'Or, at Toulon, to M. Damy, Surgeon-Ma jor of the Ist regiment of the line. The address was, "To M. Damy, to be given to M. Clavet." He thought, however, there must have been something to indicate who sent it, for M. Damy said to him, " It appears that little Clavet has connection only with Countesses." M. Perrin had told him that he heard from IVL Desciorsilles that it was known that the box came from the Viscoun tess de Leotaud. M. H. Brissot Thivars, director of salubrity and public lighting in Paris, said he had long known the family of M. Felix Clavet, for whom he had great esteem. He spoke in the highest terms of M. Clavet, but admitted that he might have the defects of youth, vanity and pre sumption, for he was a handsome young man, and the ladies perhaps had told him so rather too frequently. Nothing more was required to fill his brain with chime rical hopes. On one occasion, when walking with Clavet, the latter told him that he was going to be married to a handsome, rich, and, what was more, noble young lady, upon which the witness told him that he was more mad than he had hitherto taken him to be, and that he was a fit subject for Charenton. Two years afterwards, and during the affair of Glandier, the witness learned that the lady whom M. Clavet had spoken of as his intended bride, was Mlle. de Nicolai, and the person who befriended him Marie Capelle. He also learnt that Marie Capelle had been in the habit of walking in the Park of Mousseaux, which, not being a public pro menade, is generally solitary. She entered under the auspices of a lady whom it was not necessary to name, who had her child at her breast ; but Marie Capelle would quit this lady and walk by herself until she met Clavet, who had also some means of getting into the Park, and would sometimes give five francs to the gate keeper to admit him. The rendezvous continued for about three mohths, and in the bosquets they pro bably talked over the projects of marriage with Mlle. de Nicolai.—(A laugh.) At length, however, Clavet, yielding to the remonstrances of his family, or dissa tisfied with the little progress which he made in his suit, told Marie Capelle that he had reflected on his folly, and a situation being offered to him as one of the ma nagers of an agricultural colony at Algiers, he had re solved on accepting it. Marie Capelle replied that he was wrong, that he should take courage, things did not go on so rapidly in the world, and that at any rate she was there to console him. The witness did not know whe ther Felix Clavet nourished a double passion —(Great laughter)—.but he thought not. lie felt probably that he had been duped into false hopes, and therefore resolved to go to Algeria. This witness then proceeded to state that the Company by which M. Clavet was sent out agreed to give him 4,000 f. a year as manager, and that after his departure from Paris he received from his partnersloo,ooof. for his expenses of the voyage and the first outlay in Al giers. He continued to receive his salary regularly all the time he was in Algeria, which he quitted in August, 1839, and arrived in Paris in September, where he remained until February, 1840. He did not leave Paris in the in terval, and the witness, being very intimate with his family, saw him almost daily. In the month of Fe bruary, continued the witness, Clavet left for Mexico with his father, mother, aunt, and young sister and her children. At this moment he was in the province of Guadalaxara, at 15 or 20 leagues from the Pacific Ocean. He had written, since his arrival there, only once to his sisters, and the letter had been given to the witness. The witness said it was proper to in form the Tribunal that, when Felix Claret left Paris, he knew nothing of the Laffarge affair, except the poisoning, and had learnt that Madame Laffarge was the Marie Capelle with whom he had been acquainted. He then continued as follows the reading of the letter :—" It is impossible for us to know the details of the Laffarge affair. Ido not comprehend how I can be compromised in it. There was so much improbability in the defence of Mme. Laffarge, that it was of a nature to render her more culpable in the eyes of every body, and to hasten her condemnation. My poor sisters, what un easiness must not all this have caused you, although you know me well enough not to believe that anything of what this horrible said was possible. Send me some details, if it be possible. lam anxious to learn correctly of what lam accused." The witness here handed the letter to the President, as also the act of society of the company o f which M. Clavet had been manager, and the certificate of his arrival at Toulon from Algiers. He then added, that at the time when Marie Capelle had her rendezvous with Clavet in the park of Mousseaux, she passed nearly every day before the windows of the school of Clavet, in the Faubourg du Roule, No. 20, and the mother of Clavet was much struck on seeing her eyes constantly directed towards the house. Madame Clavet once said to her eldest daughter, " Do you know that young per ' son, who is looking so earnestly at the window of Felix ? She appears to me to oe very bold." Mademoiselle Clavet, who had seen her at the church of Saint Philippe de Roule, replied, " It is Marie Capelle." M. Catrufo, painter, of the Rue de Ponthieu, Paris, stated that, about the end of 1834, he became acquainted with M. Felix Claret, in consequence of their being members of a charitable association, and an intimate friendship was formed between them. In the begining of the spring of 1836, M. Clavet showed witness a letter, which he imagined came from two young ladies he had seen at church, and in the public walks. Of Mdlle. de Nicolai, whom he said he loved, he always spoke in the most respectful terms, and as one with whom he had no secret intercourse, nor even any acquaintance in society. Mdlle. Clavet, sister of M. Clavet, now in Mexico, was next examined. Great interest was displayed on the appearance of this Young lady, who is so nearly related to the person who had figured so conspicuously in the de fence set up by the prisoner. In reply to a question of the President, she stated her name to be Catherine Barthelemy Claret, aged 36, and a teacher at Toulouse. Her appearance was prepossessing, and her emotion for some time prevented her from being heard distinctly. Before commencing his interrogatory, the President desired her to he seated, a n d com p ose herself. President—Yon; area the sister. of M. Felix Claret 1' A. I am.—Q. Do you know anything of the robbery of the'diamonds of Dime. de Leotaud ? A. No, Sir.—:Q Do you know anything of the relations of Marie Capelle, or Mlle. de Nicolai, wit!' your brother? A. My brother, who frequently made r - - his confidante, toll me that he often noticed two your:. ladies, that he had formed an acquaintance with one of them, who had led him to enter tain a hope that a marriage might be brought about with the other, who was Mlle. de Nieolai. I endeavoured to persuade him against entertaining such an ilea. which I saw was illtr . ,:ry. He never said a word to me, to lead me to suppose that these hopes were er!coorag..e. by the per- son to whom they related.—Q. Did your brotLer ever show you the letters he had received from one of those young ladies . ? A. He showed me tt.e letters hi. „1--: 1 received from Marie Capelle, but Ido not :erne._ her *r con tents.—Q. Did he speak in respect'ul terms La you of the young lady whom he had been led to I , ,pe he might marry ? A. Always in the most respectful terms Q. Had you ever to) idea that your brother had had any interviews with the lady ? A. Nevet.—Q. Have you been led to suppose that there was a groat di,re-en:!e between the relations wh= -11 he had with Arl,ria, and those which he had with Mile. 'de Nicolai i Cer for he never mentioned to ma that he had nad !Iza-pterview w i t h th e l a tt er . H e mere l y sa i d that he h (lanced a c on t re d anse w ith h er at a b all g i ven ,' er the , l enefit of th e pens i oners on the Old Civil List.- -Q. Nor n I.oyru your conv corresp on d ence ? A. Never.—Q. It appears, then, ersation with your brother, that he bad sever said anything about any kind of correspondence with Mll e. d e ? A. Yes, Sir.—Q. It. appears, nowever, th at -2 ape n e ? A. . I, e xac ild repeated interviews with Marie M. Coral igl n a di eyieusaor; Pa r k rendezvousknowledge of tile repeated he spoke to me about them them several times.—Q. Were you also aware of the daily windows of M. Felix Clavekts of Marie Capelle under the it to me ; she knew 'hat r a y i t )e er always placed t e r mother remarked an gr e e a p te i:t t o ly confidence'c osiprioird, CO,had still :uhekeneoweewehtietthieed with your brother, and either Marie Capelle or Made moiselle de Nicolai ? A. I believ e nc.' brother acquainted with the &mill Qi Macrame your Larochefoucauld ? A. Yes, ml'('stiance,— reco recollect she ame de A se r n e t yaOu box re he l e i t r h e i e n of Madame Larochefoucauld having 11 did,an h s e or t t l to had Af f Q. Does your brother draw. A. No, Sir.— I C i r e g a o ? tten A t . Q. Do you think your brother ever heard any of the details of the affair of the diamonds in Mexico ? A. He only heard from me of the details of the first affair, and I did not g o i nto many particulars. I believe he . 'oeives the French journals. The President—Have you received no other from your brother except that you have just communicated ? A. I have received no other, but I expect one. I t i s possible I have now a letter lyinr , at Toulouse, for I did not direct my letters to be forwarded here to me. This evidence, which was listened to with great atten tion, was, as well as the other depositions, summed up by the President, and dictated in an abridged form to the Greffier, who afterwards read it to the Court. The list of witness_s being now exhausted, M Co rali said that, for the regularity of the proceedings, he wished to know whether the Curator of Marie Capelle, who was present, allowed judgment to go by default, 'r not? M. Frederic Lacombe, curator of Madame Laffarge, said ho would allow judgment to go by default, as Ma dame Laffarge had refused to plead. The Court then adjourned till the next day, when M. and Madame Leotaud were to be heard as the partie civile, and the requisitions of the Council were to be made. It was expected that the judgment would be delivered at the next sitting. The Gazette des Tribunamr states that the judgment of the Court, whatever it may be, will be signified to MORNING SUN-. TIIE SUN, LONDON, iIILTRSDAY, AiJarUST 12, 15441. Madame Laffarge immediately it is given, so that, hav ing only five days allowed by law to make opposition to it, it is expected that she will take this step by next Friday at latest. " Madame Laffarge," it adds, " has declared that under such circumstances she will come forward supported only by M. Lachaud, if M. Paillet cannot arrive in time. The letter of M. Claivet, read in court, has produced a profound sensation, and on its being notified to her, she exclaimed, The discussion will be a sharp one, and the combat corps a corps. We will see whether in my presence Madame de Leotaud will persist in her system. " Madame Laffarge, on re-entering her prison, still agi tated by the emotion caused by the proceedings in Court, wrote the following " For the second time since I have come into the world I have been compelled again to have, as it were, a new existence, and, at the demand of justice, to take my seat once more at the bar of ignominy, before which I have seen sleeping the men who had the disposal of my life and iry honour, and who were to bury me a living martyr at twenty-five years of age. To accept this position was to undergo horrible agonies, but, nevertheless, I appeared. I was willing to undergo this agony in order to avert a new act of injustice, and claim my right. Alas ! I bad forgotten that the only right left to me was that of suffering. lam ac cused, and cannot defend myself. lam told that lam a calumniator and a thief, and it is not felt that I require witnesses to attest my innocence. Letters are spoken of which are, it is said, to overwhelm me, and yet the read ing of letters which would justify me is prohibited. My adversaries call to their aid a man of eloquence and talent, and yet eight times—yes, eight times—in a ques tion of law and fact, my defender is prevented from speaking. This is very unjust. But if it is intended to sacrifice me to the reputation of a great lady —me, a feeble woman—who have no longer a name nor a future —who have not even the right of breathing the air of heaven without obstacle.—still I will not sink. I will protest to-day, to-morrow, for ever ; I will not only pro test before a tribunal of six men, but I will also protest before the tribunal of the public. I will be acquitted by the great voice of the people, which is the voice of God. Madame de Leotaud, you were not present this morning when my regard might have made your con science tremble before it ; but you are present this even ing, when you have only to hear the language of eulogy for yourself, and words of opprobrium for me. But Ido not envy you. At the bottom of your heart you are forced to respect me, and you know that at the depth of mine I have the right to despise you. Believe me, Marie, I preserved my energy in my love for you, and I will retain it in resisting you. Men may prevent me from proving the truth of what they call my calumny ; they cannot give you the power to prove the falsehood of the facts of which I accuse you. I rely on God for strength, and rely on him also for the hour of your re morse." NEW REVOLUTION IN SPAIN. PARIS, AUG. B.—You have probably ere this been made aware of the important proceedings which have taken place at the Palais Royal, the residence, till last week of the ex-Queen Regent of Spain. It is, there fore, almost unnecessary to enter further into detail than to say that the object of her Majesty's visit here on the special invitation of her uncle, King Louis Phillippe, has been attained. That object was to prepare and organize a counter-revolution in Spain. It may not be superfluous to state, however, a few particulars of this highly im portant affair. Tne Anglomanie, as it is termed, of Espartero, is in the eyes of the French Government a crime not to be atoned for. His impracticability unfits him for en in strument of King Louis Philippe, who is believed in this instance, as in all others, (the fortifications, for ex ample), never for a moment to have lost sight of th plan he projected for placing one of his sons on the Spanish Throne. These considerations alone, (but there were others) would have sufficed to induce his Majesty to take under his especial care the ex-Queen Regent, and to direct her in her course, and out of this arose her famous protest. _ _ At the moment when that document appeared, some of her Majesty's friends, not among the initiated, ima gined it was ill-timed, but they were mistaken. Emis saries from Madrid, Barcelona, and the Basque pro vinces, had arrived in Paris, and made their reports, and the counter-revolution was organised. The principal personages who were to lead in the revolt determined on were ordered to their posts, and they will havo arrived in Madrid and Catalonia, and in the Basque provinces, ere this meet the light. The doubt of the opportunite of the protest above allu ded to was founded on the general belief that Espartero was so much beloved by the army and the country that no attempt against him could succeed ; but now the mo ment would appear to have been auspicious, because of his proposed reform and reduction of the Royal Guard, who still preserve their attachment for Queen Christina. In Catalonia, moreover, public opinion has changed against Espartero, in consequence of his predilection for England, and his consequent encouragement of English trade ; and in the Basque provinces the people have again been alarmed for their fueros. Besides all this, some distinguished lead ers of the army, either from loyalty to the ex-Queen, or jealousy of Espartero, or from a sense of neglect on his part, or other motives, have expressed their readi ness to engage in any attempt for restoring her Majesty to the management of the kingdom of her august daugh ter, and for overthrowing that formidable and dangerous power which the King of the French had, with extreme regret, seen erected and established so close to his own dominions. The blow will probably have been struck by the time that this will reach you. In Madrid the Garde Royale will revolt, and will, say the Queen's friends, be joined by the troops of the line, but this appears doubtful. If it prove true, the counter-revolution will be complete. In Catalonia and other districts the cry of " Down with English manufactures !" " Down with the steam en gines !" will be raised, and may enlist in the cause the working classes, who are principally engaged in 'manu- factures. In the Basque p rov i nces and in Navarre the shout " Our fueros . 1 " will produce a magical effect, and the ex-soldiery of Don Carlos who have returned into Spain are instructed to make common cause with the in surgents, for reasons rather obvious. Like Henry V (the Duke de Bordeaux), Don Carlos sees in every species of disorder in his country an event calculated to precipi tate his own advent to the Throne of it. Thus all would seem menacing for Espartero and the Exaltados. So convinced, or so sanguine, is Queen Christina of success, that she already laments having pur chased the hotel in the Rue de Courcelles, to which she removed last Monday (and which, from its having been the residence of Don Pedro and his daughter, Donna Maria, is called the Hotel de Bragance). If, on the other hand, the attempt be defeated, Espar tero will instantly demand her removal from Paris and her expulion from France, and it must be complied with. If the struggle become long, the great Powers of Europe will interfere. In these hurried, and, I fear, somewhat irregular lines, you have the leading points of a very important affair. I have endeavoured to confine myself to narrative, and, so far as was possible, without rendering the matter ob scure, refraint.: from the mention of persons. It would not have been enough to have drily said, " Spain is about to ecome again the theatre of a sanguinary contest for its throne." I had a duty to perform, and it is done without, I trust, the expression of regard for one over any other interest involved—England. France, Spain, Queen Christina, Espartero, Don Carlos, Constitution alism, or Absolutism—Correspondent of the Times. NEW ZEALAND. Extr? t of a letter from a valued and enterprising set tler in Nev 7 ,ealand to a friend in India, which, although not intended for pubr :ation, is of too interesting a cha racter to '•e kept from the inblic : My dear —, many thanks for your two letters cf July and August. I must say that you are an nnc, t r _ mon _Tooker. You anticipate all sorts of difficulr:c. our settlement, and I recollect befwe we left England your foreboding no good to the expedition. Consider ing you). own courage this is surprising; but I think the tone of your last letter is hater, and looks as if even you thouelit that we. should succeed. • My own opinion is, that 1)0 settlement ever went ahead so fast as this has done. In fifteen months we have a popu lation of 2,000 English and 800 natives, all on the most f 4,0-ms, not one serious quarrel having occurred during the tine. One magistrate and thirty soldiers are our only bc,v:Tnment. A large town Ir a sprung up. Every commodity, and most of the luxuries of life, are found here at reasonable prices, and the necessaries of life are cheaper hope than - ;_ri England. We i.,!ve always ten or twelve vessOs lying in the harbour, and every body seems to be making money. Que voulex cons de plus? Races I a theatre ! and a variety fair. You Irii ans mus have carriage.,, and palanquins and bearers, and fly-flap • per , and nurse-bearers, but climate renders us _dile to do for ourselve7. There has not occurred one death of an adult from natural causes since we landed. Two or three infante, and a few persons drowned by acci dents, have I, , eun the only thing like casualties. Nothing, I can assure you, can exceed the salubrity of the cli mate. The men can work more than in any country that I ever saw, and your sex looks more blooming than in England. I hope before long my Emily will come out, whom I shall hope to have at the head of my house. I heard once from , who talked of coming out here. If you write to him, say how glad I shall be to see him, and that his fears as to ' roughing it,' aro groundless. We have several good hotels, and houses are to be hired,- not quite so fine as at Brighton, perhaps, but good enough even for an invalid. I hope some of your neighbours will try this climate, as it probably will be good for In dian constitutions. It seems to me to put life into the most shattered, and everybody grows fat. I really feel ten years younger in health and spirits since I came here. This goes direct to Bombay by the Martha, Ridg way; it is our short way of sending to England. Our town is called Wellington." C Cons . 0 0 e t t v i o o n c T Boldenr dri.l on t h e 6t h o f A ugust, the Rev. Pre b en d ary Den nis,theChapterof in a learned and eloquent ..ddress, brought before the Clergy the present state of o:Ir ecclesiastical system, pointing out the innovations and perversions by which it has been bo lamentably deranged ; the duties of the Canons as assistants of the Bishop in the examination of candidates for orders, an office, now delegated to an exa mining Chaplain ; the appointment of Bishops by the Sovereign —an innovation utter!. , at variance with the principle and practice of the Church of Christ for the first 1,500 years at least of her existence ; the heavy blow inflicted on the Church by the cutting off ten of her Irish Bishoprics •, the tyranny exerted over the Church by :le silencing her voice in convocation ; the ignorance of c , ..elesia.;:ic a l law, even in th e E cc l es i as ti ca l C our t s ; the Ecclesiastical Commission, and the recommendation of the . suppression of the primitive Bishopric of Sodor and Kan, which, however, the combined exertions of the Chutvh. -,ncl the memory of Bishop Wilson pre ventea. These, and many other topics, the very Learned Prebend dwelt on with much eloquence. Prebendary Dennis has embodied the main points of his address in a petition. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS FROM TILE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. TIMES.—In approaching th- , important subject of the relations which may be expected and ought to sub sist between the Church of England and a Conservative Government, we feel that we touch more closely upon the vital principle of Conservatism than we' have ever done before. If the Whigs had not attacked the Church, their tenure of office might have been secure at this moment ; and if the Conservatives de not faithfully, steadily, and courageously adhere to the Church, vindi cate her rights, and assert her liberties, they will soon have reason to regret that they have assumed office at all. They may depend upon it, that the confidence of the Church is the real secret of their power, and that the reaction by which they have been borne back to as cendancy has been essentially her work. It will, there fore, be as much their interest as it is their duty to show themselves worthy of this confidence, and to cling, as to the very rock upon which the State of England is built, to those fundamental institutions which connect our Civil Government with the Church. In strengthen ing her, they will infallibly strengthen themselves, will satisfy the expectations of their most valuable supporters, and will confer the greatest possible benefit upon the people. In discharging this duty, however, there are two considerations which they ought chiefly to bear in mind--on the one hand, the inviolable obligation under which they lie to maintain and respect the religious li berty of every British citizen, Dissenter as well as Church man, and Churchman as well as Dissenter—and on the other, the sacred and spiritual character of the Church herself, and the infinitely greater importance of her as cendancy over the hearts and consciences of men, • than of any outward show of extension which a secular in fluence might be able to confer upon her. The only test of expediency, when measures consistent with tolera tion are proposed for the ostensible purpose of benefit ing the Church, should be the question whether they are conducive to her real, or only to her apparent, strength. The flying source of the Church's strength is, undoubtedly; the faith which she professes and the Divine gosh - ority which she claims. These are matters with svkich it does not become secular politi cians to. rrie-.:110 ; it is not their calling or their craft ; no states:: has ever attempted it without, sooner or later discovering his mistake. If there are cir cumsts. in the aspect of the present times which may seem to impair the full development of this essential and inherent power of the ChurCh (and who can deny that such circumstances exist in the theological differences which now unhappily distract her commu nion ?), this is a knot which must be untied, but which cannot be cut asunder. Where there are differences, there must be error ; and error cannot be got rid of without controversy, however painful and embarrassing controversy may be. Magna est veritas, et prcevalebit, if its triumph is not damaged or retarded by the inter ference of incompetent arbitrators. A statesman who should attempt, in the present state of the Church of England, to silence controversy by persecution, or by throwing the weight of political favour or prefer ment exclusively into either scale, would only irri tate the wounds which it ought to be his wish to heal. The spiritual rulers of the Church must be left to regulate such matters as these for themselves. We say this, net that we have any fear of an attempt, on the part of Sir Robert Peel's Government, to transgress the bounds within which the influence of the State upon the Church ought to be limited, but because of the precarious and unsatisfactory nature of the defences by which the Church is protected against the ins u lt o f t h eo l og i ca l legislation in Parliament. We know there are hot headed partisans, who would as willingly invoke the aid of Parliament to settle religious questions in their favour, as Lord Ponsonby did that of the Turkish Sultan to depose two Christian Bishops who successively filled the office of Patriarch of Constantinople. Con stituted as the Legislature now is, it has no more com petency or right to interpose in any matter affecting the faith or doctrine of the Church of England, than of the Wesleyan body, or of the society of Quakers. CHRONICLE.—Lord Ashley has been visiting the manufacturing districts of Lancashire and Yorkshire, and holding meetings which have generally resulted in the adoption of the following resolutions " 1. That it is the minion of this meeting that a Ten hour Factory Bill would b e a d vantageous to both the em ployer and the employed. 2. That no child under twelve years of age ought to be admitted into any factory. 3. That no woman ought to be employed in any factory after marriage. And 4. That all dangerous machinery should be boxed off to prevent the misfortunes which so frequently occur from its unguarded state." We fear that these resolutions smack of that one-sided and purblind philanthropy which usually blunders into an accumulation of mischief. If the first be sound, it supersedes all occasion fur legislating, and will execute itself. No compulsion is requisite for enforcing the par ties to consult their own advantage. The second resolu tion, if legalised, would be evaded as the existing regula tions are. When parents and masters conspire to cheat the law, as to the age of a child, the restriction is not easily maintained. The same pressure that renders the labour of a child needful for its parents, will continue to tempt them to falsify its age. The third resolution is an interference with a family which is most likely to be cruel unless it be inoperative. It tends to the encourage ment of concubinage amongst the poor instead of mar riage. The lawful wife is.. disqualified from adding to earnings which may, Without her aid, b e inade quate to the support of the family. And Lord Ash ley's generous interference, under the existing laws, by which he obtained &wage. of toot. for .._ pour girl who had suffered front unguarded machinery, and practically muleted the mill-owner of 6001. for his carlessness, shows that the object of the fourth resolution may be attained without adding to the pile of penal statutes. We cannot, therefore, anticipate a great amount of good from any legislative measure founded on these resolutions. The great extension of child labour and female labour is owing to the taxes on food. While the man's wages will earn the family's bread, only the man works. The monopolist cuts a slice off the operative's loaf ; that sends the wife into the factory. He comes again for-a larger slice ; that takes the children from school or play, and then they go into the factory. Such is the first sacrifice of natural affections, and abuses are sure to follow. Parents learn, when they have the o pp or t un i ty, to li ve a wretched life of indolence and gin-drinking upon their children's earnings. The horrible result only marks the progress of bread-tax demoralization. Land lords' Parliaments and Landlords' Laws have brought on this unnatural condition. Triumphing over patriotism and justice, in the first instance, their influence stops not short till it has also triumphed over the elementary feelings and deepest emotions of man's moral being. To see the Landlords' Parliament and the Monopolist Ministry, the one elected and the other installed, to uphold the Corn-laws, perpetra ting the hypocrisy of entertaining a Ten-hours' Fac tory Bill, and similar affectations of philanthropy, will be a spectacle to make hell laugh. Will Lord Ashley himself again patronize the poor, by re fusing to give them their bread, while he offers to give them his Bill ? What have the enactments against child-labour already done in the manufacturing dis tricts ? Diminished the number of children employed in cotton, flax, and woollen factories, to the amount of 40,000. This is probably equivalent to the reduction - of the incomes of the poor and large families by a sum of a quarter of a million sterling per annum. And so the poor pay for the philanthropy of their betters. For those who cannot sustain Cie reduction, a resource has indeed been found. And what a resource : The coal pit is open to them. A stimulus has been given, by the factory . restric tions, to the employment of young children in mines, where they sit and wither in the dark for hours to gain such wages as are paid for opening and shutting the doors when the coal trucks pass '.ed repass. Accidents happen hero as well as in factories. When the water burst in upon one of the Silkston collieries there were forty-four children in the mine, of whom eighteen es caped, and twenty-six were drowned, including eleven girls, and nine children under ten years of age. None of the men were drowned. The kindly spirit which cora - :nes with the erring intellect of Lord Ashley, may !"id him to take the mines also under his regulating care. But he cannot regulate the children of the fa mishing out of all employment. 3,‘lcre wages their must have, or more bread for their wag;: s. We should have imagined that philanthropy would hesitate a little at such an alternative. POST.—The journal which Lord John Russell uses as his organ of communication with the public, en nounces that Sir Robert Veal. will " soon find that he has nz) encounter powers much more formidable than the combatants of party interests," As to the "formidable" powers which the Conservative leader will have to en- counter, we must own that we have to look to the future for their development. As yet we have seen nothing of them. But if spleen, disappointment, and malice, car ried almost to insane hatred, could be considered " for midable powers," there were no need of waiting. Such things as these he has to encounter every day. We can remember the hissing spleen of :nialignant Whiggery in days of old ; but sever do we recollect such 3, sputtering of malignant venom—such a pouring out of rage and falsehood, as the Whig-Radical party has ex hibited ever since it was beaten by the people in the late elections. It is positively a disgrace to human nature. They who have seen a swarm of wild wasps attacked in their nest, and witnessing its destruction, can alone im agine to themselves such an exposure of venomous fury as that which the Whig-Radicals have made for the last three weeks in their attacks upon Sir R. Peel. And what is all this for ? Simply because, by steady perseverance, he has beaten the party in what used to he called " their own reformed House of Commons." Is it Sir R. Peel's fault that the electors of Great Britain prefer his politics, and his management of public affairs, to the politics and management of the Whig-Radical leaders ? All this fury against Sir Robert Peel and his party is, in fact, fury against the judgment of the people of England, who have given to him and his party their confidence after having withdrawn it f rom t h e Whi g -R a di ca l s . Th ese wasps have not the reasonable courage to attack the people of England for their votes—they are afraid of any such exploit as that, but they cast their calumnies, their falsehoods, their rancorous abuse at the head of Sir Robert Peel, merely because he is in that triumphant position in which the people have placed him through the privileges derived from the old legislative constitu tion; and enlarged by the Reform Act of 1832. ADVERTISER.—The last official pulsation of Minis ters is about to beat. In three weeks from this date the Administration of Lord Melbourne will be in its tomb. The Ministers of religion admonish dying sin ners that, in proportion to the shortness . of their time on earth, ought to be their diligence in improving the little that remains. We would tender a similar exhor tation to the Ministers of her Majesty. We would earnestly beseech them to improve the short remaining span of their existence in expiating the guilt of their previous conduct. They have been transgressors of no ordinary magnitud e . Th e i r turpitude in many in stances has been only of a 'die less deep than that of their Tory opponents. If they had not grievously sinned against their own professed principles, and , practised deception on the nation, they would .no have brought themselves into the melancholy an, mortifying position in which they are now placed Happily, there is yet time, limited though th period be, for repentance and reformation. And if the: only turn the remaining fraction of their official existenc, to its proper account, they may yet, in a great measure atone for past offences, and, to a certain extent, righ themselves in public estimation before they draw thei , expiring breath. In what way this may be done we hay. already shown. It is only by the introduction into he; Majesty's speech, on the opening of the approaching Parliament, of an earnest recommendation of certain re forms in the legislative representation of the country which are loudly aad universally called for by the pub lic voice. These reforms we specified on Monday, and consequently, do not mean to recur to them. now. Oui present object is to impress on the Melbourne Admi nistration this important fact, that should they listen to our counsel, and adopt one or all of the sug gestions we have thrown out as to the measures of re form which they ought .to enunciate in her Majesty': speech, it will be essential that their recommendation o these measures in the royal address be followed up by ; decided and evidently sincere identification of themselve with the measures so propounded, in the speeches whicl. they will make in the course of the discussion to which the usual Address in answer to her Majesty's speed will necessarily give rise. As independent Journalist: and faithful monitors, we warn Ministers that it will re quire much on their part to remove the unfavourable impression created in the public mind by their past mis conduct. The nation cannot forget the flagrant bread, of faith which they committed in the case of the Iris! Church appropriation clause. GLOBE.—The Times is terribly at a loss for a subjet of agitation. Without one, it cannot live and fulminate and all its old ones have become unavailable. The Poor law is flat, stale, and unprofitable ; and the attempt to bully our humble selves by aid of Mr. D ar by' s amen d ment appears to be abandoned as hopeless. By the way how is that the Times does not acknowledge the source (in the wisdom of Darby) of its sudden inspiration: in favour of a Labour Testy Is it that there is too keen rivalry between wise Walter and wises Darby ; or is it that the latter gentleman's county con stituents have set themselves so notoriously against his crotchets, that the mention of his name as their author would only deprive them of whatever weight the Times can afford their anonymous advocacy ? Certain it is that prophets have no honour in their own country ; as Berkshire and as Sussex can abundantly testify. But, if not the Poor-laws, what on, earth is the Tima to write about ? Protestantism and Popery, by parti cular desire, are postponed. There is Lord Ashley': agitation in the factory districts. His Lordship is trying to popularise his party amongst the work-people by proposing measures to secure them—at this time, of all others—against having too much work, and against employment being given to their wives and chil. dren. Whether such schemes flow from simple want of reflection, or whether . they are expressly aimed at the object mentioned by Mr. Baptist Noel—at dimi nishing and drying up the sources of employment in manufactures, as a malum in se—a nuisance to be abated as far as possible—is scarce worth our inquiry. There is a sort of philanthropists, who make it a merit to shut their eyes against all practical views and consequences. Prove to them that the consequences of their attempts can be no other than to send children from day light in factories to darkness in coalpits—from the lightest labour with the least hardship to far severer and squalid toils—from subsistence (so far as Corn laws allow it) to risk of starvation—what is' their an swer ? They have no answer, but renewed boasts about their motives, their pure zeal, their excellent pur poses. They would cure all evils by act of Parliament. If there were any use in suggesting unostentatious lines of effort to philanthropists, we would venture to suggest to them the previous inquiry whether Acts of Parliament have always proved the best means of effecting their objects, and whether it may not sometimes happen that repealing restrictive laws is a better way of pro ceeding than enacting more ? However this may be, the " Factory System" is a stale subject, as well as the Poor-laws, and will not serve the Times as a topic for renewing its thunders, unfor tunately suspended in consequence of the delicate position of its party. The Times cannot make up its mind what to write about ; and fills, up meanwhile with mere stop-gaps about Mahomedanism and Hindoo idolatry which, it seems, a Tory Government is to visit, wherever our power extends, with heavy blows and great discouragernents, in order to prove its fidelity to the Church. This . sort of tame Puseyite twaddle will sink the Thunderer altogether, if he cannot contrive to substitute something a little more to men's " business and bosoms." So he falls back to his old stratagem of writing to himself, and exhorting himself to take a fresh start on the Corn-laws, to the confusion of the " Liberal papers," who (says the 77mes to itself) "want to keep all liberality to themselves, and are dreadfully annoyed when they see you at all interfering in their professed vocation. They know full well, that should you adopt the course I ventured to recommend, their occupation would be gone." It is not at all improbable that, in spite of the early information of the Post, and the so exceed ingly-early- as - to - be - for - ever - in-advance - of - the - fact (which never happens) announcements of the Herald, the Times, if Sir Robert Peel takes his choice, as in this instance he easily may, will become the organ of the Tory Ministry. We are strengthened in this opinion by the altered tone of the Times' articles, which are written in the spirit in which Sir Robert Peel will` attempt to carry on the affairs of Government. Liberal measures will be brought forward, but only in the out set ; a sprat will he offered to catch a herring ; there will be a revision of the Corn-laws, but even that will be more nominal than real, and the pressure of monopoly will be slightly relaxed in one place merely that its chains may be tightened in every other direction. That this is to be the policy the Times is about to recommend, and the Tories are about to act upon, may be gleaned from the letter of the Correspondent already alluded to. It is throughout a broad and somewhat sagacious hint to the monopolists that it will be advisable for them to sacrifice a tub, if the capture of a. whale will be the consequence of their doing so. "Settle the Corn-law question," says Conservator, "and Ido not believe it would be possible to get up an agitation on any other subject whatever." After such an avowal as this, what confidence can the people have in the Tory promises of redress for popular grievances ? The Corn laws are "to be settled"—we are not told how—" to pre vent agitation on any other subject ;" not for the welfare of the people, but for the preservation of the other portions of the system which they complain against. If the landlords are to be victimised a little for the purpose of stopping the gap, it is net that Sir Robert Peel " loves the Corn-laws less, but that he loves the general interest of Toryism and monopoly more." He thinks by amputating one of the feet of corruption, to save the whole body ' • but the operation will be vai n —f or w i t h a ll his surgical skill he cannot prevent, though he may temporarily avert, the termination that is awaiting it. COURIER.—We have, on occasions heretofore, shown that the Radical origin of present trading distress must be sought in the past gigantic extravagances of that over-banking, the prolific fruits of which were not long over-ripening into the rank luxuriance of over-specu lating. Ministerial empirics indeed are ignorantly ready with other causes, and with nostrums for cure more im pudent and ignorantly pretensive still. The Corn-laws are advertised as the root of all evil, with assurance as brazen as a medical quack once referred the real source of all disease to a torpid liver, and the abolition of Corn-laws is prescribed as the instant and infallible specific for all ills, as absolutely, unconditionally, and conscientiously, as in the case of the cunning dolt of a Spanish valet in the Medico Supuesto, who sapiently ordered the ancient damsel consulting him on the loss of her lapdog, and the means of its recovery, the one only invariable recipe for all his patients—" take my pills." Pildaras para en contrar perros—pills to find out lost lapdogs—has now passed into a proverb in Spain, as anti-Corn-lawism will here, by and bye, as the sure indi cation of knavery and quackery on the one side and se nile folly on the other. We do not go so far with the Manchester Guardian as to challenge joint-stock bank ing excesses on the Whig-Radical Ministry, although they were slow to appropriate to themselves the ad ministrative honours of all that apparent flow of material prosperity consequent, the full swell of which blinded the infatuated dupes of officials to the certain peril of the banks being finally wasted and washed away by the foaming back water rushing after the prosperous vessel in its rapid course. Who does not recollect the insolence - of triumph with which year after year 'official returni'a increasing exports and imports were flourished in the face of doubting Members, who chanced to express mis givings about the substantial reality of the country's well doing, and would not readily enough take for granted that all is not gold which glitters'. 'Whilst joint-stock bank paper could be manufactured in any quantity, or pass current for almost any amount ; whilst bills with joint- Stock Bank endorsements could b e re di sc o un t e d rn the London money market to any extent; when bank note. issues rather palled upon the public taste, and were re turned too promptly for payment in more solid metallic' values; whilst the prices of all commodities rose with the abundance and the easiness of the money signs, and with prices profits prospered also, as all the world gains by a rise of prices—why all went on swimmingly, and the man who then should have raved against the C orn -l aws would have been denounced by Lords Melbourne and John Russell as a more incurable maniac than any equally sensible body who should now come forward to anathe matise the non-enactment of the Appropriation Clause as the real source of all foreign tribulation and domestic disaster. We are not sure indeed that the defunct Ap propriation swindle may not have had much more to do with present misfortunes than Corn-laws even ; and we throw out the hint for the serious consideration of our neighbour of the Chronicle, who was wont to pour forth strains of indignant eloquence anent Appropriation, and its appropriate connexion with Irish tranquillity, prosperity, agriculture, and, ergo, Corn-laws by hook or by crook. No. 39, ALBEMARLT..-STREET, PICCADILLY, OPPOSITE TIIE YORK HOTEL, AND No. 76, KING WILLIAM STREET, CITY.—Major -General Sir Howard Elphinstone begs leave to say that the Spectacles he has now had sometime in use, have fully redeemed the assurance of the Messrs. S. and B. So'o mons as to their excellence, and having found so much comfort and advantage from their use, far pi eferable to every other kind of Glasses which he has been in the constant habit of making use of for a great number of years.-13, Norfelk.slieet, Park-lane, the 6th of November, 1840.—General Browne Clayton feels desirous to ex press the comfort and advantage he has derived at his advanced age of 70 years, and is. ^ two years' •rial, from the use of Messrs. S. and B. Solomon,' newly-invented Spectacles; their valuable invention fully merits the patronage they hate received of the Royal Family and so many individuals of high distinction, as well as of the nume. row scientific and eminent medical practitioners.—London, Feb. 25t11, 1841. Address, Addington Hail, Lancashire.—The Messrs. S. and B: Solomons' Invisible Operative Voice Conductor Sound Magnifiers, for deaf persons, is not the leest perceptible, nor more uncomfort.lee than having a piece of wool in its place; they give immediate relief to old.standing extreme casts of deafness. No connexion with penes:. of the same name.-59, Albemarle.street, opposite the York Aiotel, and 76, King William-street, City. VIONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS, FROM TIIE MORNING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. CHRONICLE. —Prices in the Share Market were •ominally the same as yesterday, with the exception o' iirightons, which gave Way about 10s. per share.. The business transacted in the Foreign House was principally confined . to Spanish Actives, which expe rienced a slight decline. • We have received Hobart Town papers of the 9th /pril. The first half-yearly meeting of the proprietors if the Colonial Bank had been held at the Company't, i3anking-houseii.when the accounts were audited, and a 4eneral statement of the affairs of the shareholders laid iefore the meeting. The members present expressed hemselves highly gratified at the general statement and lettering prospects of the Company. A di v id en d a t t h e _ rate of 10 per B ent. per, piinuna had bean declared on the paid-.up capital. .1. IA, w oaiiiiing establishment had been opened a :13w 'days under the management of Mr. Burke ; it vas called the New Colonial Bank. It was under ;tood to be essentially a Jell:it-stock Company, although die names of . the shiteholders had not gene -ally transpired. His Excellency the Lieutenant aovernor had been to Green Ponds for the purpose if communicating to the Canadian prisoners the sub ;tance of a despatch which he,had received from the Se .!retary of State, in answer . to a recommendation for a 'litigation of their sentences, which he hal forwarded acme soon after their arrival in' the colony. They were .0 receive tickets-of-leave in February next, which will 'ie two years from the time of their landing. His 'Excel lency's interference in their. behalf had given much skis action in the colony. Wheat was' finding its way freely .o market, and the demand was steady ; and it was not anticipated that prices would rise Much. Wheat was 6s. :ct 65. 6d. per bushel. Her Maje4y's discovery ships Erebus and Terror, Captains Ross ; and Crozier, arrived it Hobart Town, after a voyage of six months to the antarctic pole. The expedition, it is stated, had been crowned with the most complete success. TlMES.—There was a fair amount of business doing to-day in the foreign exchanges. The rate upon Paris remained the same as last post. Amsterdam and Ham burgh were a trifle lower. Owirfg to the great deinand for Vienna and Trieste, bills upon those places were ne gotiated at remarkably low prices. A Trinidad paper, which has been - .received in the City (dated the 24th of June), contains an account •a very important meeting held at Port of Spain on the proposed modification of the sugar duties by the Ministers. It seems that when the meet ing was convened intelligence had not, been received of the defe a t of the m easure; but, although this result :lad transpi re d b e f ore t h e appointed 'time, still the position of the colony was considered W be so critical that the meeting was deemed necessary. The reso lutions passed were to the effect, that it was absurd for a Government to expend thousands in repressing the traffic in slaves while opening the English market to the produce of slave labour, thus enhancing the slave holder's profit, while professing to exterminate his trade, and that Trinidad alone, with a sufficient labour ing population, would be capable of producing more sugar than Britain could consume, and at a cheaper rate than it can be raised in Cuba. The tendency of the arguments used at this meeting, in which the chair- ' man, Mr. H. Burnley, took the lead, was 'to show that all restrictions on the increase of labour were inconsist ent with a lowering of the protection. :..At the same time the Chairman took pains to inculcate the opinion that at some time or other a reduction ,of the diffe rential duties must take place until protection should reach its minimum point, as indeed he said the great experiment of free labour was to 'raise produce cheaper than could be done by slave labour, which once effected, all differential duties must expire. Trinidad alone, according to the estimate of one of the speakers, can supply Great Britain with 300,000 tons of sugar, and there are in the island 1,000,000 acres of land fit Ix cultivating the cane, without the means l of cultivating them. At present the labouring population of Trinidad does not, it seems, exceed 12,000, and during slavery did not exceed 8,000, when in one year it produced 30,000 hogsheads of sugar, while Barbadoes, with 80,000 slaves, produced no more. This difference of result is produced by difference in fertility of soil, and Trinidad stands in every other respect in a worse position than Barbadoes; for, according to a statement made at this Assembly, the planter in the former island pays nine times as much for labour as the planter in the latter. The inference to be drawn from the statements is, that the quantity of sugar produced is no proper basis on whi c h to ca l culate the productivenes s o f our Colonies. . lIERALD.—Money, it is complained, i$ getting more " tight" in discounts, although in the Stock Exchange it appears to be easy enough. The funds remain heavy but without improvement in prices, although a large pur chase of 100,000/. Consols was effected towards the close of the market, which however was understood to be only to close a bear spqeul a ti on t o the same amount previ ous ly sold out. Hobart Town papers to the 10th of April have been received. They notice the return to the colony of the exploring expedition under Captains Ross and 'Crozier, after a voyage of six months towards the antarctic pole, that is from Hobart Town, which they left in the beginning of last November.. It is stated that they penetrated to within one hundred miles dis tance of the pole, when their farther progress was blocked by immense barriers of ice, traced for several hundred miles. Trade was still in a depressed state in the colony, with but a remote prospect of material improve ment in respect of .goods imported. The markets there were overloaded with all sorts of goods on venture or consignment, and the enormous ' , mount actually in store, estimated at half a million sterling, exclusive of cargoes not then landed, of which there was • a consignment to one house alone of the value of 7,000/., may be accepted as additional evidence, were such wanting, of the mad extent to which over-manufacturing has been carried in this country, and consequent over-trading to a colony so small and of such limited powers of consumption. The following letter is recommended to the perusal of the Portuguese financial agency, and all whom it may concern. The whole affair of the Portuguese Conversion has been so discreditable that the Continuance of unfair play may not unreasonably be suspected. Some inquiry may probably elicit hereafter further information on the points referred to : PORTUGUESE CONVERSION. " Brighton, Aug. 6, 1841. " Sir,—llaving made several applications through my broker iu London to procure for me a list of Portuguese stock, converted subsequent to April last, and which the agents advertised nearly two months ago as being in the course of preparation, and to be published as soon as possible,' and not being able to obtain any other answer than that the lists are not yet ready, nor can the agents state when they will be,' I:think it right to call the at tention of the public, and the Committee in particular to the subject. It appears to me to imply a doubt as to the correctness of the amount published as being converted, and in any case should: be seen into without further de lay.—Begging you will excuse this liberty, I remain, Sir, your obliged and obedient servant, " D. 0." POST.—The circumstance of Mr. P. J. Zulueta hav ing declined to act as agent for the Three per Cent. Gam boa Conversion of the arrears of interest on the Active Bonds of Spain, for the refusal seems now to be noto rious, has led to a good deal of discuSsion among the bondholders as to the probabl e cause . W e t hi nk we have ourselves already afforded a fair solution of the princi pal object. M. Zulueta has his reputation as a merchant to look after, and he sees great inconvenience in having his counting-house besieged by the holders of the con verted stock, calling for payment agreeable to public notification on a specific day, without having in hand the requisite funds to answer their demands. M. Zulu eta is but too cognisant of the fact, that the embassy which took upon itself the execution of the Treasury Bond-Decrees of 1836 was placed precisely in this humi liating position, and that it has to the present moment the stain attaching to that base affair to wipe out. We have reason to know that M. Zulueta has remon strated with his Government in the most positive man ner at the hale disposition evinced by it' to redeem its sacred pledges of 1836. In these remonstrances he was warmly supported by the late Senor Pebrer at Madrid, a gentleman well versed in the financial affairs of his country, as also by the respectable agent in the busi ness here, Mr. Isaac Lyon Goldsmid ; and it is perhaps by the dogged determination evinced to withhold justice from the parties compromised until theocase shall be ab solutely dragged before a British Jury, that M. Zulueta is mainly influenced in the course he has taken. • DEPRESSION OF TRADE.—We would fain be spared the pain of, week after week, having to report con tinued embarrassments, losses, and unprofitable business in the commercial world; but duty and truth compel us to do so. A more harrassing week in business than the past we do not recollect to have known. There has been a great want of confidence manifested, and where parties have been compelled to 'force sales, the most ruinous sacrifices have been made. Orders, whether for yarn or goods, have been exceedingly restricted, considering. the season of the year, and invariably executed at declining. rates. To tell the number of spinning and manufactur ing concerns whiCh are at a total stand, or only partially worked, and of the multitude of honest operatives thrown out of employment, and reduced to beggary and starvation, would be next to impossible, and appal the stoutest heart. Let any man take a survey within a circle of 12 miles round Manchester, and see the dilapi dated and deSerted dwellings, the miserable and meagre wretches seeking about the country for work, or craving a rnorself of bread ; let him mark the signs of bank ruptcy, and a ruinous depreciation of property, which everywhere meet him ; and then ask himself if such a commercial hurricane ever devastated the country be fore ?-1 1 / a nchester Courier. OPTICAL AND ACOUSTIC AIDS.--.E. SOlO - and Co., Opticians, &c., have succeeded in producing Hear. ing InstrUments, measuring onlya quarter-ofan.inch In diameter, which realise the most beneficial consequences, being applicable, with similar results, to the Ear, as Spectaclesare to the Eyes. The transcendent excellence of their celebrated Patent Spectacles has been infallibly demonstrated by the immense good they have inca. riably effected—in short, the high recommendations and approval of the greatest medical authorities in Europe, including the pre.etni. neat names of Sir Benj. Brodie, Bart., F. R.S. ; Sir James Ander. son, M.D ; Dr. James Johnson ; the late Sir A. Carlisle, F.R.s. , &c. &c., are sufficient guarantee for their superlative advantages in the assistance and preservation of sight. The following testimonials are confirmatory ef all that could be said in praise of these invalua.. ble assistants :—From Bransby Cooper, Esq., F. R.S., Surgeon to Guy's Hospital, &c.—"Fromthe use I have made of a Patent Lens produced by E. Solomons and Co., and comparing it with those in ordinary glasses, I have no hesitation in saying that, to my t flight, the former is infinitely preferable in being less try ing to the Eye. B. B. COOPIIII, 2, New.street." " London, 13, Holles.streott and 27, Marlboro ug h - buildings, Bath.—Earon B rowne Mill has great pleasure in being able to say, that the Spectacles adapted to his sight in his sight being so materially improved from some years back, afford him the most perfect ease by day or candle light. Reis happy the use of their Spectacles, and feels it a duty to recommend them to all p ersons requiring optical aid." N.B. IN consequence of the various attempts to impose base imitations on the public, and the Patentees being entirely unconnected with persons advertising Old Jewry,City. under the same name, their subjoined address should be cautiously noted, 36, Old Bond.street, and I, MORNI NG SUN THE HERRING FISHERY. DUNBAR HERRING FISHERY, AUG. 7.--The fishing continues to a wish. There, are a few misses, but this always happens. The harbour is literally crowded with loats, Vet not a half of those. fishing in the bay o'er enter the harbour, but run to other ports for delivery , There are ten vessels in the harbour curing, - and almo 4 double the number of curers on shore ; prices conse quently keep high—this morning 12s. 6d. to 13s. was giVell• BERWlCK.—The.fishing still continues to be attended, with gradually increasing success. On the mornings 01 Saturday, Tuesday, and Wednesday the take ranged from one barrel to six or eight; and on Thursday morn ing, while some of the boats were very poorly fished' others had as high as fif teen or sixteen barrels. The tape on Friday morning was very limited, the boats not ave raging more than tw o b as k ets an d a half. The price sti ll continues at from 15s. to 16s. per barrel. None of the French boats have yet arrived on this part of the c oast. HoLv Tar -AND.—The herring fishing here has been but very partial as yet I'ETEILHEAD, AUG. s.—The stormy weather prevented, our boats fr om ge tti ng out to t h e fi sh i ng i n t h e e nd 0' last week. On Monday night the fishing was very gen" ral and heavy, but the quality of the fish was not gou' nearly the half of theth being spent. Tuesday the Van: tity was much smaller, and the quality not good. La s " night hardly any were got, and the quality not i' proved; our average up to this date will he about Went/ . two trans. FnAkEitnunGH, AIIG.2.—The boats at this place onit went to sea once du r i ng l as t 3,vaek, owing to the roug t o i state of the weather. The average to this date is 2 trans per boat. BANFF, AUG. 5,--During the latter end of last wee k the very boisterous weather stopped the fishing for thr P ir days. Thi s wee k h as b egun much better. At Jinn, and Macduff, on T ues d ay , t h e 3 d , the average was a betti ten crans a-boat. Yesterday and to-dav, only about t'" l crans a-boat. The demand fox- cured herrings contin ue r ; languid ; the heavy stocks of old fish on the Cutitil e- p, prevent orders from arriving, and the extravagant prit'%, paying to the fishermen this year, makes the trade ve t ; hazardous for the cuter. --- THE MARKETS-YESTERDAY. CORN EXCHANGE. The arrivals of Grain since Monday have been small. l ihe fo r Wheat, being again wet, hi g h er : pr i ces were deman ded i° r Wheat, and afurther advance was realised of Is. to `2s. l' er quarter on E ng li s h, an d 2 s. per quarter on Bonded Wheat. r .thee Grain advanced terms were demanded, with little dire tio:. to purchase. Flour as last reported. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. There has been a fair supply of meat at market since Sat day, the demand slack nn account of the unsettled state o f for weather, butchers only buying small quantities, and our qu r , tations were barely maintained. Beef, ks. 4d. to 45.2 d. ton, 3s. 6d. to 4s. 4d. • Lamb, 4s. 6d. to 4 s. 10d. and''' o,:' Veal. 4s. t o s s . ; Pork, 4s. to s s . per stone 011' Poultry was in large supply, the demand dull, and prig" last quoted. Eggs dull of sale at former rates. • COLONIAL MARKET. The market was rather quiet, but holders were firm. a' ) prices little var i a ti on t oo k p l ace. T he imports were fair f r 'o most quarters ; th e d e li ver i es o f goo d s, however, keep larr from the warehouses, particularly for home consumption. fEA MARKET. l The demand at th e p u bli c sa l es was steady, and full rttd, were paid. Common Congou produced 2s. nid. a 2s• cash, and Company's 2s. 7 1 4 d. cash. TALLOW MARKET. Prices were supported, and holders were firm. On thee i gi a l a fair busin ess was t ransacte d at 495. 6d. for P.Y.C., gnu delivery in last three months 495. 9d. was paid. FRUIT MARKET. * Currants in good request and command 56e. to 6O r cwt. For other kinds of Fruit the demand is on the incroa* METAL MARKET. The market was dull an d pr i ces on the decline. SPeiter' 321. 10s. to 331. per ton. • COAL M Ships arrived since A RKET. Buddle's West Hartl e y l6 ti Chester l6 e Ord's Hedhugh Pontop NN ind50r........ Tantield Moor 20 West Hartley ...... Walls End Clarkand Co. Walls End Clennell l6 I Walls End Heaton l9 61 Walls End Hedlcy l9 0 Walls End Hilda... ..... Walls End Hotspur Walls End Newmarch l9 0 Walls End Riddell's l9 6 Eden Main... l9 f W. E. BraddylPsHottou Walls End Belmota 2O 6 , Walls End Haswell. Walls End Hetton 2( 3 Walls End Lambton ..... Walls End Pemberton l9 6 last market day, 102. s. ii Walls End Russell's Hetton ~1 21 0 Walls End Stewart's Walls End Whitwell ........• 2 , 9 1 5 Walls End Caradoc......•••••• 1 3 Walls End Cassop 4I 5 Walls End Hartlepool . Walls End Howcen ..... . I , A Tennant's Hartlepool Walls End Thornley Walls End "arrington Tceg ~; g Walls End Brown's Deanery L g Walls End South Durham i f a Natl.; End Seymour 'l'6es ... v: -, e Wal s End 'I res ...... •• ••••• is, 5 I Walls End. West rletton ... ~. s . Blythe 6 1 enwpen ........ II 8 - Bartley •..."----.......... • 1 1 Howard's NeUtertun Main... 6 Newton Main ......, ........ ... Walls End Elgin ....•••. Ts MARKETS. OUBLIN MARKET IRISH NO NOTE for the Week =dins AV 6 From 32 0 0 0 14 0 12 0 K ra I 5 IS. IS 3 273 Wheat,per barrel 2t. stone..... . 41 0 0 Bere ~... l6 sto 1e..... 0 0 am Barle y 16 5t0up...... 1 lo 0 318 Oats l4 5tcw........ 14 0 fi Flour, per ewt. 8 6 t0 00..... - 0 3.15 Oatmeal.. $ 5t0ne...... 12 6 14 0 Sold to Bakers only. =3 3 12,747 Cwt. F10ur...-... ..... .. ...... 10 0. 26 0 , Average price of Wheat and Flour H. Bd per • v ex. ,, a d Receipts of Flour, 7,954 " F1ru........... from 435. 0 , 1 to .„ Ai Vales of Do. 13 734 / beconas ....... from 16s. 00. t:„ . ,...,),1 .s , Thirds ........ from 104 04 - ' PATCH or ria.EAD. Quarterr. [.oat .... Half tt_ta?tern •••41id .( CONK MARKETS.-.Aug. 7. Wheat (per gOst.)2Rs tt,26. toats (per 14st. .....12' OJ, to 13 .0 ,1 Barley (per 1(st.)1:1 6 13 6 I kW, (per ewt.)...11 1 . 6 Oatmeal..... ....kb. Od. to 16s Od Peel, 4d. to 71.—Mutton, M. to dd.—Veal, 4d to 11141 Pork, 41d. to 5d.--kregh Itottet, 10,1. to lld per lb. , . mica Or NUTTER. To the Dlcrchauts. To the Cbuntry. First ond Quality...." ..... .......... WI. ••...........•... Bl. allird .1 Sec M ........ . •.........•.. ..... . :a ••• ......... .• • ....... •••••• 83 •••,,•••••••••••lt s •••• ... • Fourth Fifth ........ ••••••• ....... IP ••••••• 71 •••••••• •.......••...., .....• 05 Sixth GO *•».•.N•... . 50 CLONMILL MA IKETS.....Ang, 7. Per c wt, s. d. 4 cl. I a. d. Ii 0 Sew Butter ........98 0 tolo2 0 ILdes (raw)..........-- u to ~ 0 Oatmeal l3 0 13 6 liaconP:ga..... At C 46 0 Rendered Lard --0 62 u i1ead5..............aS U -- ..9 :Nur 1'!, B. 0 , Second ..... 0 6.. 1 F10ur,TN i rd5........... 0 ' 0 ----Household — t, 34 01— leuurtha......lo 0 Per Barrel. Rapeseed 20 0 0I Barley .................11 u Sere 10 0 i C. , ..!a .................. 0 KILKENNY MA RKETS. ,_ „, Ad. WLe.at,per barrel)2Bs. Od.to 355. Od. Bye( :•aer W.... ~ 0% Od. v" ' '''' 9 Rarlay 12 0 15 0 atutten............. 0 5 0 7 Uats l4 0 15 0 Pork ........... .Si 4 0 .., Flonr (per bag) 20 0 S 8 0 Veil .......,......., 0 6 0 i Itutter(perewt.) 90 0 10. 0 mesh Hinter . 1 ° .... 0 0 lO Bacon Pigs 39 0 42 6 S alt Ditto ....... 0 11 " Coals 1 0 1 Potatoasawr at.) U 9 U # S 15 : .... PEAKERS OP THE HOUSE OF COMMODIS*I The Commons anci en tly h a d no continual. Sp ea ker, buy after consultation their manner of proceeding wa agree upon some person of great abilities to deliver the ir . resolutions. In the rein of Willia m R u f us there was.* great Parliament held ci at Rockingham, and a tertall! Knight came forth and stood before the people, a ria ' . spake in the name and behalf of them all. 'This undoubtedly the Speaker of the House of Commons that time. But the first Speaker certainly known wa s- Peter de Montford (44th Henry when th e Lords' anti Commons sat in several houses, or at least gli'; e : their decisions separately.—Lex Constitution. 162. Sir Richard Walgrave (sth Richard II.) was the firs t:. , Speaker that made any formal apology for inability I st now practised. Richard Rich, Esq. (28th Henry VIII. , wa.; the first of our Speakers who made request for ac— cess to the King. Thomas Moyle, Esq. (34th Hen it 2: VIII.) is said to b e th e first Speaker wh o p et i t i one d T°" freedom of speech ; and Sir Thomas Gargrave (Ist Elg" zabeth) was the first that made request for pri - rilee, from arrests, &c. Sir J. Bushey (17th Richard II.) 141 '7 the first Speaker presented to the King by the Cow mons ; and when Sir Arnold Savage was Speaker ( 5 Henry IV.) it was the first time that they were re''' quired by the King to choose a Speaker (Ibid. 163.) UNANIMITY. —Whigs, Tories, and Radical Of in this town are perfectly unanimous in the opinion trade is duller now than it ever was before in the menac of man.— Liverpool Times. SECONDHAND GOLD TRINKETS.- --I quantity, which may be purchased at per ounce, are amazed for selection on the Second. fluor Show-room, At 'r. COX SAVORY'S, Goldsmith, 47, C orn hill ( seven doors from Gracechurch street). London. They consist of necklaces, ear-rings, brooches, waist bue).lesef bracelets, armlets, Ladies' neck chains, gold snuff-boxes, A PERFECT SUBSTITUTE FOR SILVER.' — CATALOGUE WITH ENGRAVINGS , POSTAGE' FREE.—The material is so like silver that it can only be told' from it on reference to the stamp by persons well acquainted with it. MANY SPURIOUS IMITATIONS are being sold. The genuine metal, which we warrant more durable than silver, is only to be had at our Warehouse. It is the same colour throughout, and can be engraved the same as 4 silver. As a criterion, spoons and forks, full sized table, 12s. ' desserts, 103. ; tea, 53. per dozen. The Catalogue contair the prices, with engravings, of every IRONMONGEF ARTICLE necessary to the furnishing a house of any oer 25 per cent,. under any other old established house. RIPPON and BURTON, 12, Wells-street, Oxford-s' „wt. Established 1820. 0. 0 if ---- BIRTHS. .114ja.yLleawste,s,aitoNthussReeegrta.bNada,tiEveasItt lantry, - Indies, As, lady of sistant-Cornmistary-General, of a son. On the 2d inst., at Thoune, in '' svitzerl iands the lady of F. W. F ryer, E sq., of tw i n daughters (ow, since ilead). o f t the Captain 2 3 of c On the 6:11 inst., at Esli ngton House, Northumberland, th e ' lady of the Hon. H. T. Liddell, A1."13., of twins, a buy and On the Bth inst., at Denmark_hill, a ntrl. 3s a son. On the Bth inst., at Clapharr,-rise, Mrs.Glr. W. R. Ellis, eorgoCatter mol ° e f :• of a son. MARRIED. On the 7th inst., at the church of St. Mary's, Bryanstro- , square, Joseph Lock, Esq., of Doctors '- Commons , to Eats Mary, only daughter of IL J. Bunnett, Esq., of Genoa. Laing, Esq., On the 10th ing. at St. of Piccadilly, Ge o Jruogliae'sLavi , Hang, novesecor.square,nd daughter of the l a t e T homas Francis, Esq., of Thames Villa, Hammer- f t smith. On the 7th inst., at Trinity Church, James Pulleine. & C I i of Crake Flail, Yorkshire, to Anne Caroline, eldest daughter 4 Edward Marjoribanks, Esq., of Wimpo:e-street. lED. On th e 7th i nst., at the D residence of his ,on, in the Strait ilt Mr. George Porteus, aged 68. Lost, on board the ship Golconda, on his passage from M dray t o Chi na, in Octbber last, Lieutenant -Colonel Isack, 3 7 Regiment Madras Native Infantry. On the 31st ult., at Sudbury, Suffolk, John %Aid, F 4 14/, aged 83. On the 31st ult., at Charlton, near Cheltenham, the 1,01 ( Mary M orge ll, w if e of homes Royce Morgell, ' Ese DO. Major Bth Hussars, and seeond daughter of the late y Listowel. of:On the 9th inst., in Cambridge-terrace, Hyde-pr a k, he t r fe Sir Edmond Head, Bart., of a daughter. • London : Printed and Published by AllJaDa) Y.Ol 1 , 1fk:.: No. 112, Strand, at The Sun Office, No, 112 i. $ t ra . Op I" the eonnty of Middlesex, Tharsday, A ugust,l2.it /. fro m Prei'; brow s that ties ~_ 0n 1 5. TI dress Pa th;OT: Le \VIM h LIFI J. Jo lii •G, ()L U:s 11, bete but 1 ela s , uefit 'ea se 4.4 t, tint), • eri n tt 'Y 1 . 3 Acto r 'Ada 77.2, ' 4l a, the 4t, 'or