The Sun. — London, England, 1841-09-29 00:00:00

NI ORNiNTG SUN THE NEW NOVEL. STANLEY THORN By the Author of " Valet'line Vox." In 3 vols. post Svo., with numerous Ill us t rat i ons b y G eorge Cruiksank. Leech, anti Crowquill, IS NOW READY AT ALL THE LIBRRIES. Riehard Bentley, New Burlington -street. 1 litA lkit: ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. U NID ER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS. THIS EVENING, SEPT. 29, Will be repeated the New Comedy, in Five Acts, entitled WHAT WILL THE WORLD SAY?—Hon. Charles Nor wo'd, Mr. J. Vining ; Mr. Pye Hilary, Mr. C. Mathews ; Mr. Warner, Mr. Bartley ; Captain Scrope Tarradiddle,plr. W. Farren ; Lady Norwold, Mrs. Glover ; Marian Mayley, Mrs. \V. Lacy ; Miss De Vere, Miss Cooper ; Tattle, Mrs. Orger ; Mrs. Tarradiddle, Mrs. Humby. Atter which, the Farce entitled BROTHER BEN.— Commodore Cutlass, 'Mr. Bartley; Benjamin Bowles, Mr. Charles Mathews; Mr. Shuffieton, Mr. Harley; Mrs. Cut lass, Miss Cooper, Dorothy, Mrs. Tayleure. To conclude with, the Ballet of Action, entitled HANS OF ICELAND—Hans of Iceland, Mr. W. H. Payne ; Gill, Mr. J. H. Ridgway ; Frederick, Mr. Gilbert; Oglypiglip, Mr. T. Ridgway; Iceland Boy, Master Marshall; Guth Stasen, Miss Bailin ; Iceland Girl, Miss Marshall. Doors to ke opened at ball-past Six—the performances to eoinmence at Seven. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First and Second Circ es, ss. ; Second Price, :Is. 6d. ; Pit, 35.; Second Price. 25.; Gallery Is. Tickets and places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Grogan at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may be had upon application. Private Boxes to be had so'ely of Mr. Andrews, bookseller, 167, New Bond-street. ••• To-norrow, What Will the World Say? with Hans of Iceland itOYAL SURREY THEATRE. UNDER TIE MANAGEMENT OF MR. DAVIDGE AND MR, WILLIS TONES. -Unparalleled ineeess of the Military Old English Equestrian Spectacle, "Blenheim," the Waterloo of the lath Century. ,Overnowing Houses. THIS EVENING, SEPT. 29, „: Will be presented the successful Equestrian Spectacle, called BATTLE OF BLENHEIM; OR, I'HE HORSE THE DISINHERITED ; introducing Mr. Ducrow's mag- Linficent Stud of Forty Horses, highlly-trained Palfreys, Fairy Pettey., Equestrian Troop, and Companies of both Theatres; ~,,,,ernbracing, all the Military Exploits of the Great Duke of ,llarlborough, Grand Reviews, Battles, and Glorious Victories. • . After which, NEW SCENES IN THE CIRCLE, in the Largest Arena in the World, in which Madame Ducrow, Sig nor Hillier; the Great American Rider, the British Horseman, Signor Felix Carlo, and the First Artistes in Europe will appear. To conclude with THE. HAUNTED WRECK. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MR. OSRALDISTON. THIS EVENING, SEPT. 29, FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE FRIEND-DT-NEED SOCIETY, The highly interesting and pathetic Domestic Drama, called SUSAN HOPLEY; OR THE TRIALS AND VICISSI TUDES OF A SERVANT GIRL. William Dean, Mr. E. F. Saville ; Susan Hopley, Miss Vincent, the acknowledged Heroine of Domestic Drama. To be followed by THE HUNTER OF THE ALPS ; OR, THE FOREST OF SAVOY.—Felix, Mr. Osbaldis ton ; Ferdinand, Mr. Dale; Helena, Mrs. Lee. To conclude with THE FLYING DUTCHMAN; OR THE PHANTOM SHlP.—Vanderdeeken, Mr. Dale; Toby Varnish, Mr. Seaman ; Peter Von Hummel, Mr. Gardner ; Lestelle, Mrs. Lee ; Lucy, Mrs. Howard. Boxes, 2s.—Pit, Is. —uallerl, 6d. Half-price to the Boxes only, at Half-past Eight. To. morrow, Susan Hopley, Raffaelle, and the Flying Dutchman THE RAILWAY SUN, AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SUN, ARE NOW RE-PUBLISHED, PRICE SIXPENCE EACH. Sun Office; Aug. 30, 1841. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning 4 minutes altar 1. I Evening 15 minutes after LONDON: WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1841. A more impudent piece of humbug than Sir R. PEEL'S demand for time to mature his mea sures was never witnessed. He and his colleagues have decided, out of office and in office, that there shall be no alteration in the Corn-laws. They have decided over an d over again that protection, alias taxing other people for the benefit of the landowners, is indispensible ; they have come to that decision long ago ; they have repeatedly declared that they adhere to it, and yet they tell us now, when, by being placed in the Government, they have become responsible to the country, that they require time to. consider what they shall do. Such a barefaced attempt to befoul the people is only worthy of the performers at Bartholomew fair. They want time for things to come round. • When the Corn-laws have done their work, when they have starved down the population to a level with the supply of food, then the first average year will bring relative abundance and prosperity; the people, rejoicing that they have escaped starvation, will hasten to forget their privations, and the Government is sure of being unas sailed in a season of abundance. From being confined nearly to our own soil years of abun dance and dearth are of periodical occurrence, and Sir ROBERT PEEL asks for time that the people may suffer in silence and patience during the present season of scarcity, and a season of abundance may give him an opportunity of say ing there is no demand for the repeal of the Corn -law. He asks the opposition, in fact, to *Booth the people and induce them to submit to starvation. Instead of being silefit, and granting Sir Ro nEwr PEEL'S wishes, it is the duty of the Oppo sition to speak out, and expose his miserable subterfuge. His mind is completely made up against the people. We consider it useless, how •ever, for the Opposition to taunt him with his silence, or bore him and the country with ques tions as to what he will do. He will do nothing good• It is the business of the Opposition to expose that, and speak through the House of Commons to the country. Though PEEL will not discuss the Corn-laws, they should lose no n laPortunities to expose their effects. Though he will not prescribe a remedy, they ought to dwell on all occasions on the alarming symptoms of the disease. The distress of the people is great— crimes are numerous and alarming—the disposi tion of the people is unfavourable to tranquillity, and the House of Commons, or at least the country, ought to be roused, if possible, in de spite of the Minister's silence, to a true sense of the deplorable situation into which we are fall ing. This is what the Opposition ought to do, instead of asking Sir R. PEEL continually what lie means to do. We repeat, he will do nothing for the people unless compelled, and the Opposi tion must try, with the help of the people, to compel him. They adopted a proper course in eagerly seiz illo• hold of Lord STANLEY'S admission that the Corn-laws do raise rent, which ought to be Worked at continually, as a proof that the land lords have avowed that they have passed a law to take care of themselves. But some of the Mem bers, to our astonishment, after fixing on Lord STANLEY'S admission, were on Friday evening eager to acquit the landlords of having had any selfish n.etives in passing or maintaing the law. That was wrong; to do justice to the people, they Ought to accuse the landowners of having made the law to enrich themselves. The proofs of this are not wanting, and it is playing false with everything which ought to be sacred to exonerate the landlords of selfish and evil intentions, when they have been avowed by themselves. For ex ample : Sir J. GRAHAM asserted in 1826 (see Corn and Currency), " that their constant and avowed ob ject had been to raise the price of agricultural produce in this country greatly above the level of the continental market." He also said, that ":rentS are'raisal by high prices," therefore, on Sir 1.1.1it5 GnAttAM's authority the landlords, instead of being screened, should b e openly and boldly accused of having constantly and avow ' yedly endeaVbured to raise prices and raise rent. es., "they have fought for high prices," and he blamed them fur " having bargained with the Ministers to support a contraction of the cur renoy, provided their monopoly were maintained." It is not, therefore, that the effects of high prices and high rents, have willed by thew, and. followed the Corn-law, un enriched them by chanqe ; but they passed the Corn -law to enrich them selves, let its consequences on the community be what they 'night. That itnportant truth ought to be proclaimed by the Ant i - cgrn-law party in Parliament, that it may be spread all ove the land. Instead, too, of listening to the landlords' ad monition not to excite dissaffection to them and their iniquities, the Opposition ought to tell them in Parliament that such a law is con trary to the principle on which men obey Go vernments, and that it forfeits the right to the allegiance of the people. The landlords rely on the general reverence for law and order to in duce the people to submit to their injustice, and if they were told openly in the House of Parliament, so that all the people might know it, that their law ought not to be obeyed, they would see probably, that to persevere in main taining it would endanger interest, infinitely more important than those of the owners of rent.- There has lately been published an account of ' the aggregate demands made through the clearing-house upon the bankers, who use it on each day in the year 1839, together with the amount of Bank-notes employed in the clearing- . house on the same day, omitting fractions under 100/." The result stated in this paper is, that in the year 1839 the mutual aggregate demands of the bankers who use the clearing-house on each other amounted to 954,401,6001., all of which demands were settled by employing Bank-notes to the amount of 66,275,6001. Payments, there fore, to the former amount were, in fact, made and settled by the latter sum of actual currency. In other words, the contrivance of the clearing house enables men to transact business by means of one-fourteenth part of the currency they would require without it. By a sort of magic the bankers pay fourteen pence by means of one penny, and their magic saving, of which this in dicates only the principle, extends over the whole community. Some of our readers may ask what is the clear ing -house ? It is simply, we understand, a room, somewhere' near Cornhill, where a clerk from each of the London bankers who use it attends every day, and exchanges or balances with the other clerks all the demands which each of those bankers has on the other, paying in notes only those demands which they cannot liquidate by some counter claim either on the banker who' makes the demand, or on some other who has a. demand on the claimant. The amount thus set-' tied, nearly one thousand .millions in the. year, seems enormous, and yet only a portion of the London bankers use tee clearing-house. They are in number twenty-nine, and the followinc, are their names : Barclay, Bevan, Tritton and Co.; Barnard, Dimsdale, Barnard, and Dimsdale; Barnetts, Hoare and Co.; I3o sanquet and Co.; Brown, Janson and Co.; Curries; De nison, Heywood, Kennard and Co.; Dorrien, Magens, Dorrien, Mello and Co.; Fullers and Co.; Glyn (Sir R. Carr, Bert.), Halifax, Mills and Co.; Hanbury, Taylor, and Lloyds; Hankeys and Co.;Jones, Lloyd an d C o.; Ladbrok es , Kingscote, and Gillman; Lubbock (Si r J o h n W., Bar t.) Forster, Clarke and Co.; Masterman, Peters, Mildred, Masterman and Co.; Prescott, Grote, Ames, Baillie, and Grote; Price (Sir Charles, Bart.), Marryatt, Coleman, and Price; Roberts, Curtis and Co.; Rogers, Olding, Sharpe, Boycott and Co.; Smith, Payne, and Smiths; Spooner, Attwoods and Co.; Stevenson, Salt, and Sons; Stone, Martin, and Stones; Veres, Sapte, Banbury, Muspratt and Co.; Weston and Young; Whit- more, Wells, and Whitmore; Williams, Deacon, La bouchere and Co.; 'Willis, Percival and Co. Besides these there are about twenty-eight bankers in the metropolis who have no connec tion with the clearing-house,, and amongst them the extensive houses of COUTTS, DRUMMOND, }TERRIES and Co., the London and Westminster Bank, , SCOTT and Co., &c. &c., who transact an immense deal of business, and settle their mu tual demands on each other by individual com munication. Although their mode is not so con venient, perhaps, nor so striking in its imme diate results as the clearing-house, yet do they, by mutual communication like the other bankers, balance large demands on each other, or effect great payments by means of proportionably small sums of Bank-notes. What takes place in these instances, however, occurs through every part of society, and payments are made in the aggre gate of several thousand million pounds sterling by means of paper and banking, which • no amount of gold and silver could liquidate. But this is by no means the only mode of economising the use of currency which has lately come into vogue, , or been much extended. Every person must have observed that the prac tice of keeping accounts at bankers has of late years very much extended. Almost all trades men, however humble, now keep an account at a banker's; and a great number of private indi viduals, who a few years ago never thought of such a thing, now keep a banker's book. The consequence is, that whereas they formerly kept a stock of cash always in their houses, 201., 30/., or 501., as might be, in gold, or bank notes, they now only keep a banker's book, and a sovereign or two, and pay all demands on them by checks. The result is that a much less amount of cur rency than formerly, whether it consist of gold or bank notes, now suffices to carry on the busi ness of society. There are some statemelts on this subject in the evidence of Mr. KENNEDY, the Manager of the Ayrshire Bank, given before the Committee of the House of Commons on Banks of Issue, the truth of which must be apparent to every body, and which we shall now quote : " Since 1825 (he said) the number of Banks (in Scot land) has diminished ; in 1825 there were 32 Banks of Issue, and by the last return there were only 29 ; but the number of agencies in agricultural districts, the remote and poor districts, has been increased very much. In my own district, in 1825, there were only seven banks and branches, and there are now 27, but those are placed in small towns and villages, chiefly in the pastoral and agricultural parts of the country, and they are for the purpose of drawing in as much as we possibly can of the savings of this description of population, and that we may also give out in such sums as suit that description of people, the capital which is accumulated by their, industry." " Has there any increase taken place in the circulation of Bank-notes in Scotland in comparison with the in crease of the banking establishments ?"—" I should say (was the answer) that there is a diminution in the amount of Bank-notes circulated." Again Mr. Kennedy was asked by Mr. Clay—" The explanation which you would give of , the circulation di minishing subsequently to, or in consequence of, the esta blishment of Branch Banks is, that in the localities where the branches have been instituted the persons who formerly kept the notes now have a deposit account with those branches ?"—•' Certainly," is the answer. " That extension of banking accommodation supersedes the note circulation ?"—" Yes, I think it Dohs as though it would do away with our circulation altogether beyond one pound notes." _ • " The banking facilities, in fact, discharge the function of a note circulation ?"—" To that extent I should think they do." This is remarkable evidence, because in Scot land the one-pound circulation is continued, and the contraction of the circulation of notes in England, which we shall advert to immediately, has not, therefore been the consequence of the abolition of the one-pound notes, as some per sons might suppose. The conclusion, from these circumstances, which appears to us perfectly natural and just, is so contrary to the common run of assertions that requires the rea d er to remember con tinuallyit that " banking facilities discharge the functions of a note circulation," in order to believe it. " Then (said Mr. Gisborne) you do not 'think that free competition, and the multiplication of bank s b ra nches has a tendency thnikis tyhoe reverse.increase , pie amount of cir culation ?"- 44 I Free trade in banking, therefore, facilitates the increase of banks and banking accommoda tion, and checks the amount of circulation, con trary to the assertions of most of the persons who have written on the subject. The evidence we have quoted seems to us to be a tolerably correct description of what has taken place in every part of the kingdom, viz., a vast increase in banking facilities which discharge the functions of a note circulation, and tend to extinguish it altogether. This is a somewhat remarkable termination (euthanasia) of that system of issuing notes, promising to pay on demand, which just now engages the at tention of politicians who, with their usual fore sight, arc about to make a mint of money by monopolizing the right of issuing promises to pay on demand, which really has ceased to be of importance, and seems likely to come to an end. The increasing facilities of banking explain the remarkable diminution in the aggregate (At • 4 * , tr""" 147 c ,§11:11, :- _~ THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER' 29 ; 1841. Letters from Athens of the 7th inst. are loud in their condemnation of the dismissal from office of Prince MAY ROCORDATO by King OTHO. So ridiculous, contemptible, and, on many occasions, subversive of the national liberties, has been the general conduct of OTno since his devotion to the Throne of Greece, that he can be guilty of no extravagance—no outrage upon public liberty, or public opinion capable of exciting in us the slightest astonishment. We therefore hear unmoved that the KING, to get rid of MAVIICOOIIDATO, boldly set forth that a Minister, in perfect health, was too seriously ndisposed to perform the duties of his office. We • • learn with equal calmness that his MAJESTY, with a vindictiveness worthy of an old crone who let. furnished lodgings, and who was resolved to gratify a grudge by insulting an outgoing tenant, condescended to dismiss by a Royal Decree M. LEON MELAS from the Ministry of Justice, after he had the resignation of that Minister in his pocket ! Yes, contemptible as this little trick appears, it was not unsuited to the gratification of the miserable vengeance of King OTHO. When, by the fabrica tion of a bare-faced lie M. MAVROCORDATO was dismissed, M. LEON MELAS at once sent in his resignation. The KING received, but suppressed it ; and in order to the credit of being the first in the field, be so far forgot the dignity of a Constitutional Sovereign, as to dismiss the Minister ; but having declared MAvEocoaDATo an invalid, the next step taken by the KING was to • evince his own munificence by providing for the worn-out pa triot. He therefore ordered him a pension of 2571, per annum out of the public Treasury ! This miserable pension, which was intended to ruin MAVROCORDATO in the eyes of his countrymen, and which assuredly the KING would have, taken care never to have paid, was indignantly declined by the Prince, who stated in a letter to the Government, that he was wealthy enough for his necessities, and healthy enough to be still capable of serving the cause of Greek independence. But the Great Powers must at last take'some steps to arrest the ruinous career of OTno. It is time to remind him that in guaranteeing the independence of Greece, the Great Powers had fiir their object the happiness of the Greek people, and not the gratification of the petty and malignant passions of a handful of Bavarian adven turers. But as France is now mixed up with the in triguesln Greece, we fear that the British Government will not speedily receive much support from the Cabinet of the Tuilleries. However, the interests of the Greeks and the repose of Turkey require that some strong mea sures should very soon be taken to repress the domineer ing insolence of a Royal Imbecile, and to give to Greece those institutions which shall place her liberties beyond the reach of an alien faction behind the Throne. The Paris Papers of Sunday contain very little gene ral news of interest. The seizure of the National on Friday, and the circulars of the Minister of Justice, oc cupy the leading columns of the whole French metropo litan press. No act of the Government since the Revo lution of 1330 has, been so strongly denounced by the Opposition journals as is the issuing of the Ministerial circulars, published in our columns of yesterday. 'They are denounced. as intended to abolish the freedom of the Press and the constitutional right of petition. 'We more than question the wisdom of the Government in thus exasperating not only the Press, but the advocates of an extended suffrage throughout France. We fear the result will little accord with the expectation of the KING, Court, and Cabinet. The Moniteur says, a letter f rom Ileyrout, announces th a t the Engli s h t roo p s y have completely evacuated the fortress of St. Jean d'Acre. The Sud• of Marseilles of the 23d, has the following para graphs : Captain Espanet, commanding the Auguste Etrenne, coming from the Isle of Bourbon, has arrived in our port. He states that on the Bth of this month being off Cape Sacratif, he met an English squadron of five ships of the line, and seven frigates steering towards the West. Cape Sacratif is on the South Coast of Spain, a little to the East of Malaga. It must be inferred from the direction in which this squadron was steering, that it was going to leave the Mediterranean. Captain Portal, commanding the brig La Bourse Adele, who quitted Tunis on the 10th of September, and arrived on Tuesday at Marseilles, left at Tunis, five French and three English ships of the line. The Bishop of Algiers arrived on the 23d at Bordeaux. There is a report in that city of the nomination of that prelate to the see of Cambray. The Eclaereur de la Mediteranee announces that a manu facturer, Mr. Joseph Gauthice, who has been travelling for these two months in Algeria, has discovered among other mineril riches some iron mines, which can be compared only to those in the Isle of Elba.—Le Constitutionnel. The Count Kolowrat, a packet belonging to the Austrian Lloyd's, which atrived on the sth from Syria, brought to Smyrna the following intelligence, which has caused a great sensation:—." The Austrian frigate La Venero, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Bandiera, ran aground on a rock before St. Jean d'Acre, five miles from land. It seems that the fri gate was in such danger, that the Admiral found it necessary to throw overboard his guns and his ballast, and to send im mediately to Beyrout for assistance. The English ship of the line, Cambridge, and the Phoenix steamer left on the 29th for that purpose. The captain of the Kolowrat says that up to the 30th the sea had been very calm, and that if the assistance from Beyrout came in time the fri g ate would be easily go t o ff, but that since the 30th t h ere had been a very heavy north wind on the coast of Syria, which excited great apprehensions for the safety of the ship.—Le Commerce. rst.3..UIAIN r• U NDS—lsa Imams , SEPT 25. Actual Debt, 2% per Cent. Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Ccnt........... ..... Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent. 93 3 per Cent .... 0340-- .., 71% . 02 Loan of City, 1=32, 4 per Cen t 1 90!,% Society of Commcrce, 4%per Cent 9:1% Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent.— ........ 74 National Society • — Exchange on London (short) —Brussels Papers, Sept. 25. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, SEPT. 18 Fireper Cents. Metalliques Emir per Cents. 9B Three per Cents. ................—....... ...... Bank Shares ........... ....... -- ...... ... .—Allgemeine Zeitung, Sept. 22 HAMBURG- BORSENHALLE, SEPT. 24. silty. Money '107% Thirty.seven Austrian 5 per Cents. Bank Shares 16.0 Anglo-Russian Loan 10:,36 lob% Russian 5 per Cent. Ist series, Cortilicate Inscription, Ist Selif:s lbll4 101%, Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and Co. 3d and 4th Series 934 98 Ditto in Certificates New 4 per Cent. (1840).... .............. ......- Dutch Actual Debt, 2% per Cent :50% Ditto 5 per Cent -- Polish fonds ... 149 .... New ticket Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cert 75.4 75 Nnwegian Loan, 1834, 4 per C.nt... Sp.nish, New 5 per Cents. 15% , EXCHANGES ON LONDON. HAMEURO, SEPT. 24.-13 (lg.-I'w° months, 13 4%. =lPETRafistntou, SEPT. 14.—Two months, 3lisence RIGA, SEPT. 16. —Three Months, 39\. • rttussiAN FUNDS.—R ..EHLIN 2. . SEPT. • Bills. Money. St. Schuld. Sch., 4,., per cent. .......... 104% .044 Prussian English Loan, 1830, 4 per cent 101 kxchange on London, three months 6 18% —Prussian State Gazette. Sept. 10. From Spain we have letters and papers of the 19th instant. The Expeciador, a Madrid Ministerial paper, has some very cutting observations upon the report that the King of the FRENCH has sent M. SALVANDY to Spain to watch over the safety of the young QUEEI` . .. This Journal observes that the Spaniards are not regi cides, and that the King of the FRENCH will find enough to do to protect himself and his family from the assassin bullets of his own loving subjects. There were reports in circulation of an intended mar riage between the young Queen of SPAIN and her cousin, the second son of Don FRANCISCO DE PAULA. The rumour went that Great Britain had consented to the match. No Bourse. PARLIAMENTARY DIVISION. (From the Votes arid Proceedings of the House of Commons.' ONDAY, SEPT. 27. MINORITY WHOM VOTED IN FAVOUR OF MR. R. YORKE'S MOTION. Ferrand, W. B Morris, David Fleetwood, Sir P. H. Murphy, F. S. Forman, T. S. Pechell, Captain Gill, Thomas Plumridge, Captain Granger, T. C. Rennie, George Harrord, Summers Stanton, W. H. Harris, John Q. Walker, R. Heathcoat, John %Vats n, W. H. Hol ond, Robert Wigney, I. N. Howard, H. Williams, W. Jardine, William TELLER S . Johnstone, Alex. Yorke, H. Redhead Leadtr, J. T. Jervii, Barnard, E. G. Blewitt, Reginald Brotherton, J. Browne, W. Busfeild, W. Collins, W. Colville, C. R. Crawford, W S. Duncan, George Dundas, C. W. D. Casthope, Sir!John Ellis, Wynn YieldCn, J. amount of bank paper in circulation between the years 1817 and 1841, which puts to the route a whole army of errors. In the fOrmer year the Bank of England circulation was 30,000,000/, and the country bank circulation of England, ac cording to Mr. 11.1‘CuLLocH, not less than 20 ,000,0001., making an aggregate for England and Wales of 50,000,0001. bank-notes in circula tion. In December, 1841, the joint circulation of all the banks of issue in England and Wales was about the half of this sum, or 25,463,3021. There has been, then, a great and a continual decrease in the amount of bank-notes in circula tion for the last twenty years. In the same period, however, the population and trade in the country have continually increased, and it is probable that by means of 25,000,000/. notes in 1841, at least one-half more business is trans acted than by the 50,000,0001- notes in 1817. At the same time, as the Times, with a view of frightening the isle from its propriety, informed the public, a few day,ago, there has been a great increase within a few years of joint stock hanks-- thus confirming Mr. KENNEDY'S statement, that as banks are multiplied the issue of promis sory notes decreases. Thus a great and con tinuous reduction of bank-note circulation has accompanied, and must accompany, an increase in banking facilities. There are a great number of important deductions from this view of the subject, but we must content ourselves with stating that the issue of bank paper, to which so much good and evil, is attributed is of muc less influence than is generally supposed. S PinlAfillf OF NEVIS AND Vt/bltt Opinton. " Who runs may read." FORMIGN. The seizure of the National, for the fifth time, on Fri day, occupies the leading columns of the Paris Journals of Sunday, in conjunction with the two circulars of the Minister of justice, which appeared in The Sun of yes terday. The National, alluding to the circulars,' says : " The most moderate persons must now be Convinced that Ministers have hurried on to the utmost limits of violence. They no longer aim at repressing the licence of the Press—they strike at its very liberty, and are striving at the total destruCtion of those rights obtained by long and painful efforts- The country will feel that the prosecutions of the Press , are, mere pilot-balloons, and that the Press once destroyed, the Jury will have a like fate. ...Then, when the Press and - the Jury are both down, nothing can -arrest the progress of despotism." The_ Commerce concludes a violent attack on the Go vernment as- follows But the destruction of the freedom of the press is not enough for these imitators of Prince Poli.gnac. They must crush the manifestations of public opinion 'in all its modes of expression. For this the Minister of Justice aims at annihilating the comities appointed to., receive, petitions for electoral reform. How edifying is such an attempt by a Cabinet whose ipo,st influential member (M. Guizot) was once the ardent promoter of electoral agitation against the res loration, and the indefatigable chief of the society called Help; thyself, and Heaven will help thee !' If the Chamber; do: not show an enlightened and decided op position to this arbitrary interpretation of the laws against associations, we shall have to lament over the loss of the right of collective petition insured to us by the Charter of 1830.' 1 Nor is the Temps less-decided in its condemnatiA of these circulars. It observes:—" The order to prosecute the electoral comities is an attack on our political liberty. We are told that these contities are only apparently occu pied with electoral reform, that their real object is to agitate the country, and that, in certain circumstances, they might serve as rallying points for the factious. But at this rate, there is not one of our public rights, not-one political guarantee, the exercise of which may be 'al lowed; for any popular institution may be made an.' ill use of by faction. • Undeniably, then, the Minister of Justice takes away from us the right of petition." The Courrier' Fran9ais, the Constitutionnel, and the all,coudemn the circulars as an attack upon the charter. The Journal des Debats and the Presse say nothing about them, being satisfied with applauding the seizure of the National for attacking the person of the King. There-appears to be a great deal of very bad blood in - France. We are much mistaken if dangers do not threaten that country as serious as any experienced since the promulgation of the fatal Ordinances of 1830. The King of Prussia is on a visit to his Imperial brother-in-law the Emperor of Russia at Warsaw. Con- . stitutional Europe will gain nothing by the deliberations I of these two Monarchs. Prince Albert of Prussia is reported to have beensud denly seized with serious illness at his residence in Silesia. Letters received in Berlin on the 19th command ing the prompt attendance of his Royal Highness's phy sician represented the • Princess, his Consort, as greatly indisposed. • PARLIAMENTARY. The Lords merely passed the Frogmore Estate and the Kensington Gardens Bill through the stage of a second reading, after Lord Brougham had expressed his regret that it was so easy to get large sums for Royal accommodation, and so difficult to get small sums for the education of the people. Their Lordships ad journed till Thursday. In the Commons Mr. Cochrane's return for Bridport was petitioned against. On the Administration of Justice Bill being read a third time, Mr. Ward again adverted to the scandalous job of giving an annuity out of the public purse to Lord Abinger's son, and properly referred to the much more honourable conduct of Lord Brougham in somewhat similar circumstances. But, although Sir James Graham then took sound views, of which he was toM last night, and though the present job was indignantly denounced, the Bill was read a third time and passed, and the annuity is now safe. How the Scarletts will rejoice. ' The House was occupied through the remainder of the evening with the Poor-law Bill. On the motion to com mit it Mr. Sharman Crawford moved a resolution to present the formation of new Unions, and to allow .of the Guardians giving out-door relief. A tedious and protracted debate ensued, which was, however, remark able for a potent speech by Mr. Ferrand, for Sir James Graham declaring that the Government adhered to the principle of the. Poor-law, for a•captious speech by Mr. Wakley, and a castigation which he received at the hands of Mr. Ward. He was told that there was no Member of the Rouse so audacious in making assertions, and so cowardly in giving effect, to his assertions by his votes. Mr. Crawford's resolutions, though Mr. S. Wortley said he would support - the first, were lost, and the Bill com mitted. It is to be read a third time on Friday. _ PUBLIC OPINION. In some. comments on the lay. policy as regards Ire land, the.e.hrmeicle remarks ai. follows Veni, Vidi, Vivi ! . Elie bare calling in of the •Dotor, though he . still deelipes to prescribe, has operated at. a febrifuge in Ire land. Peace and security now, reign there, by the ac knowledginent of the Tory oracles, and in consequence—. as they do not hesitate to assert— of the late change in the Government. Everything in this neighbourhood,' says the Tullamore Correspondent of the Evening Packet, ' savours of peace.. The new change of men and mea sures has already had its influence on the peasantry, whose deMeanor ,to superiors is quite respectful.' This account comes &Um th e; very heart of the king's County —that theatre of war,. where the lion-hearted, , Earl of Charlcville so lately beat his Outmode, and :retired to pour his plaint into the ears of Parliament. But now 'our bold Peer may go back again when lie likes, secure, that. while Sir Robert P ee l b ears the swa y ever y peasant will touch his hat in passing, and Father O'Rafferty him- Self, perhaps, ' lessen his big, looks.' Such fruits spon taneous spring from a change of men." The Morning Post states,. in.,eference to the compa rative degr e e of applause with which the healths of her Majesty and of the Queen liOwager are respectively greeted at igricultUral and other Tory meetings :—" We aver that at such meetings the health of the Queen is always drunk with such testimonies of loyalty and re spect as Englishmen attached to the Constitution of their country, and warm with loyal affection to the person of their Sovereign, might be expected to display. But, say the traitor-sycophants, the health of the Queen Dowa ger is frequently drunk with more exuberant rapture. Well ! what then ? Does this annoy them ? Do they not know that this arises, in part, from the long expe rience which the country has had of the excellent quali ties of the Queen Dowager, and in part from the slan ders with which th e y and the faction to which they belong have always delighted to assail that illustrious lady, on account of those exalted qualities with which they and their faction are incapable of sympathy ? " We do not dispute the fact that the Queen's health is now everywhere drank by the Tories with a prodigious affectation of loyalty ; but itis not so very long since the fact was quite the reverse. But the Tories were in opposition then ; and they are in office now, which makes all the difference. As for the slanders with which our Contemporary asserts, that the Reformers have assailed the Queen Dowager, we deny that this illustrious Lady was ever slandered by them ; but we distinctly remember the time when the Tories and their organs assailed Queen Victoria with all sorts of foul calumnies. " The woman Jezebel" is a comparison not soon to be forgotten. • The Advertiser thus attacks the Ministers for their conduct as regards the new Poor-law :—".After all their inflated professions of sympathy for the, poor, they now find It inexpedient to consent to the slightest modifica tion of the most oppressive clauses, against which they had previously been so active in directing public execra tion. The discussion was altogether eschewed by the Home Secretary, Sir James Graham, and when it was proposed everito rescind the clause enforcing the sepa ration of man and wife, Mr. Stuart Wortley,, who was, on his election, so insensately furious in the indiscrimi nate denunciation of this oppressive but much-vilified enactment, declared it to be inexpedient at the present moment to enter upon its discussion. So much for the Tories and their sympathy with the poor ! . There was no deliberation necessary in regard of expelling the Whigs from office and installing themselves therein ; but when the public good, for which only they pro fessed to be solicitous, claims their attention, they evade the subject on . pretence of requ i r i ng t i me for. deliberation." • • The Times apologizes for the dilatory policy. of Mi nisters in these sophistical terms :—" Why, it is asked, if Sir Robert,-Peel can do nothing in this Session, will he not tell us what he means to do in the next ? The wiseacres who ask this question must be blind if they do not see that, if he were in a position to announce mea niottisparoskfeesds' to have mea sures, he must also be in a position to frame and intro duce them. As tor the gelieral principles of the Right Hon. Baronet, on the subject of the Corn -laws . especi ally,why— they are perfectly well known. What more can the Manchester gentlemen desire to know, except the idfetadillesgadion, any instantaneous and infallible specific for .the wants of the people, (lid they oppose the late present o f his . seue Government ik Ministers, and refuse to try the panacea which they offered to the country ?—and why re quire the New Parliament to assemble at the earliest possible moment, if it was to be p rorogued without settling the pressin g e , question questio of the' d ay ? Again we answer, is Sir Robert - Peel to. countenance a quack doctor, and swallow his medicine, because be is not prepared to turn quack hiMself ? As . to the other point, it is obvious that if the Right Hon. Ba ronet had acceded to office at a later period, he would have required the same time for deliberation as now ; and, therefore, had Parliament assembled later, a pro portionately greater delay must have taken place."--- The allusion to quack-doctors in the abth,e;,:tss.te,is somewhat unlucky on the part of the Tines ' foe it in stantly sugfestS the recolliQtion of the notorious Tarn worth Quack, who, with a degree of effrontery unsur passed in the annals of quackery, has pocketed his fee, and refuses to give his prescription. Not even the Smallest Hygean pill will he give his patient. There has been no instance of such an unprincipled Quack within the memory of that mysterious personage_., the oldest in habitant!" Even the bottle-conjurer was a prodigy of fair-dealing compared with him! The Herald predicts the following, anion _ other r rors, g from an alteration in the Corn-laws:_,, alte rationAn in our Corn-laws which would realis e Lord Pal merston's sawmill bonuntl' a constant flowing stream' of foreign corn, without the contemporaneous concession of reciprocity from the great corn-growing countries, would be nothing short of au act of national bankruptcy. We should bare large balances of the precious metals to pay. yearly to almost every European country; we should have never-ending advetse exchanges ; we should have per= petual IoW prices; with their in:variable concomitants, re stricted issues arid discotints ; we should be deprived of that influence over foreign produce which we now possess; in short, our command over the precious metals would be completely taken from us. The mercantile supremacy of England is immediately based on the power this coun try possesses over the precious metals. This power is very much the result of superior skill, industry, and energy of our manufacturing artisans ; it generates a higher scale of prices than those of countries less favoured in these respects, and gives to our agricultural produce a higher range of quotations than is to be met with elsewhere." WON ET ADE—COZYZIVIERCE. A Bill for a railroad from Yarmouth to .Norwich—a distance of 20.1 miles—is about to be applied for.in the House of Cgmmons. The expense is computed at 10,00 C/. per mile, and the traffic is calculated to yield 12 per cent. on a capital of 200,0001. LITER/MY AND SCIENTIFIC. A singular lunar phenomenon was perceivable on Sa turday evening last, at seven o'clock. A broad pale circle formed round the moon, while at the east and west ends of its horizontal diameter two mock moons appeared, each having a taper tail. The moons and circle gradually brightened for a short space, and as gradually faded. :6J Lt.CTIONEERING. At the close of the Registration Court for Glasgow, the Liberal claims admitted amounted to a clear majority of 441 over the Tories. LAW AND POLICE. At Bow-streetonkonaiyThOn7LYoore, a young man in the service of Mr. Dawe, Keeper of a Post-office re ceiving -house in Maddox -street, was charged with steal ing a letter, containing a 51. bank of England note. The prisoner declined making any defence, and was remanded until Friday. At Hatton-Garden a journeyman tailor was convicted in the penalty of 205., and in default of payment fourteen days' imprisonment in the House of Correction, for rude behaviour in the street to a young person connected with Covent-garden theatre. At 'Thames-street John Aylmore, the steward of the Lord Lowther East Indianian, and William Jarrett, a stoker on board the steam-ship Jupiter, from St. Peters burgh, were convicted in the penalty of 1001. each fin• smuggling tobacco. At Liverpool, last week, a wretched-looking woman named Ashworth, and her child was take!, into custody for haVing stolen half-a-crown from a shop-drawer. She had not tasted food for three days, and in the cell on the morning she was found to have murdered her child by suspending it from a gas-pipe in the prison by a strip of its clothing as a rope, and ended her own existence in the same way. COUP.T—PASESIONABLE. The Queen Dowager arrived at Belvoir Castle, the seat of the Duke vf Rutland, on Friday last, and left on Monday for her own residence, Sudbury Hall. Lord Eliot arrived in town from Cornwall on Thursday. Sir Robert and Lady Peel leave town this afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty at Windsor Castle. The Archbishop of Canterbury had an audience of Sir Robert Peel on Monday afternoon. The Duke of Manchester arrived at Paris on Thurs day from Nice. 'Bad De Grey arrived at Wrest Park, Bedfordshire, on Saturday last. The Earl and Countess Grey have arrived at Howick Hall, where they are entertaining a select family circle. Viscount Beresford continues gradually to mend. RUMOURS OF THE DAT. It is reported that the Duke of Beaufort is to become the representative of this country at the Court of one of the great European Powers. MISC7ET+Y+ANEO VS. Yesterday in 1736, when the " Gin Act" was passed to prevent the retailing of spirituous liquors in small quantities, a detachment of 60 soldiers was obliged to protect the house of Sir Joseph Jekyll, the Master of the Rolls, in Chancery-lane, who procured the statute. The punch-houses on the occasion were put into mourn ing, and the keepers of the gin -shops made a mock cere mony for "Madame Geneva lying in state ;" which creat ing a mob, many of the chief mourners were committed to prison. A. workman, employed at a brewer's in Ipswich, from the insecure stage giving way under him over the cop per, was precipitated into the hop-back below, in which there were 600 gallons of beer in a boiling heat ; he was mortally scalded, and expired next day. Lord Farnham has just received from Italy a valuable collection of paintings by the ancient masters of the Italian and Flemish schools, which he selected during his tour in Germany and . Italy last year. The Ipswich Express states that on Wednesday week, the Sir Robert Peel, a vessel laden with wheat, got on the Yarmouth Sands, and it is feared will be lost. It will not be long, we suspect, before the State vessel of the same name, will get upon the political quick-sands, and go down, with all hands on board. In taking down some boards in the Chapter-house Record-office, Poet's-corner, several ancient paintings have just been found, the most prominent of which re presented the Vision of St. John of the seven candle sticks; his being put into a cauldron of boiling oil by the Emperor l)omitian; and his exile to the isle of Patmos. Colonel Sibthnrp stated in the House of Commons on Monday night that he " had implicit confidence in the present Administration r—This is highly important in telligence,. and must create . a . wonderful sensation throughout the country. As yet, however, we do not find that the Funds have risen in consequence. • The Morning Post asserts that " the institution of an Order of Poetry, by conferring. a cross or a riband,- would tend to stimulate British genius !"—The prover bially empty.stomach of poetic genius would be far more stimulated by a rump-steak and a bottle of wine. COURT CIRCU4.AR. • WINDSOR, TUESDAY.—The unfavourable state of the weather has prevented the Royal Party from leaving the Castle. Dowager Lady Lyttleton has succee d e d L a d y P ortman as the Lady in Waiting on the Queen. Lord Byron has succeeded Viscount Sydney as the Lord in Waiting, and Sir Frederick Stovein has succeeded Admiral Sir Robert Otway, as the Groom in Waiting on her Majesty. Le Comte St. Aulaire, French Ambassador, M. de Mon tezuma, le Commandeur de Lisboa, the Earl of Lincoln, the Earl of Aberdeen; the Right Hon Sir R. Peel, and Lord and Lady Ashley, arrived at the Castle to-day, on a visit to her Majesty. _ _ Lord . and Lady Portman left this morning. The Hon. Sarah Mary Cavendish will hate the honour of joining the Royal dinner-party this evening. The Duke of Canibridge, attended by Colonel Jones, arrived in town yesterday from his residence at Kew. His Royal Highness attended at the Horse Guards in the afternoon, and afterwards returned to Kew. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the Foreign-office. It was attended by Sir Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Lyndhurst, Lord Wharncliffe, Earl Of Aberdeen, Lord Stanley, Sir James Graham, the Chan cellor of the Exchequer, the Earl of H a ddi ng t on , Earl o f Ri pon, Lord Ellenborough, ir Henry Hardinge, and Sir Edward K n a tch bull. The Council rat an hour and a half. Mr. de Montezuma, the Brazilian Minister, left town yes terday for Windsor Castle, to have an audience of the Queen. And M. de Lisboa left town for Windsor Castle, to be pre sented to her Majesty. Count St. Aulaire, the French Ambassador, left town yes terday for Windsor Castle, to be presented to the Queen. Sir Robert and Lady Peel left town yesterday afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty at Windsor Castle. The Earl of Aberdeen left town yesterday for Windsor Castle, on a visit to the Queen. Chekib Effendi, Turkish Ambassador, accompanied by Foad Effendi, First Secretary of the Embassy, had the honour of dining with the Queen on Friday last, at Windsor, after which her Majesty honoured his Excellency with an audience to take leave, on his departure from this country, at which audience the Earl of Aberdeen attended as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. Baron Brunow, the Russian Minister, transacted business yesterday at the Foreign-office. Baron de Moncorvo, the Portuguese Minister, has left for Brighton. karl De Grey had an interview with Sir James Graham yes terday at the Home-office. The Archbishop of Canterbury had an interview with Lord Stanley yesterday at the Colonial-office. The Earl of Lincoln had an interview with Sir R. Peel yesterday at his official residence in Downing -street. The Marquis of Lansdowne left town yesterday afternoon for his seat, Bowood Park, Wilts. BENEFIT SOCIETIES AND TIIE CORN-LA IVS.-It is said that the funds of Benefit and other similar Societies are fast disappearing in the manufacturing districts. We cannot conceive a greater calamity for the morality and tranquillity of the people, than that the classes who, by such institutions have provided for the casualites of life, should now be obliged to devour their resources, and become; in any time of trouble or difficulty, wholly dependant on the parish. When we f eflect, too, on the evils which the Corn-laws inflict on the re cipients of the funds of Benefit Societies, we know not if any of their effects sets their inhumanity in a clearer light. We know a case, for example, and we dare say there are hundreds and thousands of similar cases, of a hard working man who has for many years submibcd to a Benefit Society ; he is now sick, and his club allows his wife Bs. a week to maintain her sick husband, herself, and a family of four young children. The payment does not rise with the price of food, but as this rises the value of the Bs. is diminished. Now the Corn-law, without a pretence of affording them any re muneration, cuts a large slice off her loaf and her children's loaf; and they must cry for food, perhaps perish of hunger, that the mortgaged acres of the landlords may be preserved. A sick husband, a hard working man when in health, his industrious wife, and their children, must all give a portion of their poor pittance of Ss. a week to swell the rent-roll of the Duke 'of Buckingham and the Archbishop of Canterbury . Justice and humanity cry aloud against such a flagrant violation of their laws. But what happens in this case happens to all the pensioners on these savings•of labour funds throughout the empire. All these humble people subsisting on 55., Gs. or Bs. a week, must give of their little to add to the great 'heaps of the nobles of the land. ARMY AND NAVY.---The October Number of the United Service Journal and Naval and Military Maga zine contains. among other important Papers;—Tribute to the 111,.mory of a Trafalgar Hero—Historical Details relative to the Military Force of Great Britain—Syria during the Campaign against Mehemet Ali (with two engraved plans of the Storm ing of Acre)—The Sea Piece—The British Colonies consi dered as Military Posts, by Lieut. -Col. Wilkie — Confess;ons ofa Spy—Lieut: White's Narrative of his Capture and Imprison ment by the Carlists—The Chase—An Incident in the Life of an old Adriatic Cruiser in the last War —A Alilitary Coinci dence—Memoir of Major-General Sir E. J. Murray M'Gregor, Bart., K. C.B.—The Battery - System at Woolwich —Notices of Steam Navigation—Remarks on the Justice of a General Promotion—Lord Vivian's Retirement from the Ord nance—Notes from the lonian Islands —The Engineer Esta blishment at Chatham—Distribution of the Army and Navy_ - With all the Naval and Military • Intelligence of the Month. MORNING SCIN MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, TUESDAY EVENING. The Money Market was very depressed to-day in, con ' sequence of what is considered to be the partial failure of the funding operation of Mr. Goulburn. It is thought, how ever, that means may yet be found for easing off all the stock representing the five millions sterling required. Loans on Stock were made at full 6 per cent. in several instances. When the New Stock comes into the market prices will natu rally be influenced, as they are even now, by anticipation. Consols for immediate transf, rreceded from 89} to 87 1 1 andB9, and for Account from 894 to 891 i to 4. Exchequer Bills re ceded to 15s. and 123. premium; the New Three-and-a-Half per Cents. to 984 to 2 „. India Bonds were dull at Is. prem. The feature in the Foreign Market was a fall of from 2 to 4 - per cent. in Brazil Stock, owing to the non-appearance of any • notice for the .ayment of the dividends due on Friday next. Spanish and the other Securities were a shade lower this after noon. Brazil Stock was done as low as 63, but closed at 64; and Spanish receded from 22i to 224 to i; Portuguese Three per Cents. were at 184. French Five per Cents. were steady at 114 f. 50e. A moderate business was done in Shares, mostly at about yesterday's quotations. Brighton ranged from 44 to 6 dis. ; 13Iackwall were 15% to 154 ; North Midland 344, and Bristol and Exeter 32i dis. Great Western were 11 to 11, the New Four-and-a-Half to 34, the York and North Midland, New, 94, and the South Western 11/1 prem. London and West minster Bank Shares were 14, and Provincial Bank of Ireland 164 premium. •• LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, SEPT. 27. There has been a pretty good business done in the Cotton Market to-day, the sales amounting to 4,000 bales, of which Exporters have taken 250 bales, and Speculators 200 American. LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, SEPT. 27. Only one transaction has been done at the close of the Stock Exchange this day, viz., Paris and Rouen, Bb. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 27.—Our market exhibits more firmness to•day. London and Birmingham, 155 i ; Ditto, New, 32/ , 224 ; Hull and Selby, 39i ; Man chester and Birmingham, 2F 3 / ; Manchester and Leeds, 55k; London and South Western, 50%. MONTREAL, Auc. 31.-.- Considerable sensation has been produced in town in consequence of the evident determination of the Government to press forward the Bank of Issue Bill. A public meeting will be immediately held to discuss the me rits of this measure. There appears to exist a well-founded apprehension that if the present Banks are . compelled to purchase their supplies of bills or notes with specie, it will be tantamount to a law obliging them to pass a dollar in silver for every dollar of their circulation ; and it is further urged, that they will suffer a heavy loss of interest in come. quence of the supply of those notes they must necessarily re tain for their ordinary business. The proposed Bank is not in tended to augment the banking capital of the colony. It must effect a large reduction in the circulation of every Bank under the control of the Provincial Parliament, and should the charter of the Bank of British North America be exempt from such jurisdiction the stock of that Institution must rapidly rise in value. It may prove interesting to recapitulate the names of our present Banks with their paid-up capital, viz. : Bank of Montreal £500,000 City Bank 200,000 People's Hank Quebec Bank Upper Canada Bank Commercial Bank ... . 200,000 Gore Bank People's Bank Farmers' Bank ... 50,000 Total X1,660,000 Those Banks, under the present system, are authorised b issue their notes to an extent three times greater than their paid up capital ; hence the province has now at its command all the a7ailable benefits of circulation, equal to 4,800,000/. ; inde pendently of these facilities, nearly fivefold greater that those offered by the "contemplated Bank of Issue, the Bank of British North America can enter the market supported by a capital of 2,000,000/. sterling. The Hamburgh mail has arrived, with the letters and papers of Friday. Exchange comes i schilling higher. Gold the same as before. The different statements mentioned yesterday were all incor rect as to the amount subscribed for the funding. The Chan cellor of the Exchequer stated last night in the House that the total amount subscribed for was 3,545,0001., and at the same time proposed that the House should give the Government power either by the sale of Exchequer Bills, or by the sale of stock, to make up the deficiency. The English Stock Market opened flat and heavy. Consols are 89% for Money, and 59i j for the Account. Exchequer Bills, 13 15 prem. In the Foreign Market, Spanish Active Stock fully main tains the advance of yesterday; the Bonds are now quoted at ; Deferred, 10 to I ; Passive, 5% ; Portuguese Five per Cents. 3‘ ii 3, and the Threes 1d I. Cape of Good Hope Papers ; to the 21st July have been re ceived this morning, but they do not contain any news of interest. The English Stock Market has become exceedingly heavy since the opening.' It is thought that some intimation should.have been given to the public as to the parties who have subscribed for the new Stock to the amount of 3,545,000/., for although it may not be a matter of importance, it would save idle speculation. We are looking now for the Halifax steamer in the course of a day or two. • CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bank Stock — India Stock .. 3 per Cent Red — D itto Bonds .... — 1 pm 3 per Cent Cons B9i Ditto Old Annuities ... 31 per Cent Red.. New 3i per Cent 9Bl !Ex. Bills, 1,000/....21d 12pm New 5 per Cent — Ditto 500/ l2 pro Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small l6 Jan. 1860 — Bank Stock for 0pg.... Oct 1859 lndia Stock for Acct.... Jan, 1860. FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per cent.— Portuguese, 5 per cent. Belgi...n, 5 per cent lO2l Ditto, New Ditto Brazilian 80nd5.... 64 Prussian, 5 per cent. Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent Russian, 5 per cent ll2l Chilian, 6 per cent — Ditto, Aletallic — Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, 5 per cent 22* Ditto, 1824. — ! Ditto, Deferred II Danish, 3 per cent — French, 5 per cent.ll4f. 50 c . Greek, 18:45, 5 per cent — !Exchange —f. —c. Mexican, 5 per cent.... French, 3 percent —f. --e Ditto, 6 per cent, 1825. Dutch, 2} per cent. ... 51i Peruvian, 1625, 6 per ct. , Ditto, 5 per cent .102k SHARES Bristol and Exeter (60 paid) ......... ... .. 27f Great Western Railway. (65 paid) 76 Ditto New Shares (50 paid 531 London and Brighton (50 paid) 44i London and Blackwall Railway (25 paid)... 9i Ditto New Shares ( paid) 31 19s 2d London and South Western North Midland Railway (100 paid) York and North Midland Railway (50 paid) Ditto •New. Shares (15 paid) ....... ....• 24 COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY.) Amsterdam CF.I2 7 iGibraltar . . ....... Ditto, at sight Rotterdam .........2 U l2 7i Genoa . 25 85 Antwerp l2 601ilan Hamburgh ......M. B. 13 13 'Venice Altona Paris, 3 days' sight ... 25 50 !Palermo, per oz 118' Ditto, 3 months 25 75 " Lisbon Marseilles .. . 25 85Oporto s2i Bout deaux 25 85 Rio Janeiro 27 Frankfort on Maine... 149 i Bahia Petersburgh, 3Us ... 37i Buenos Ayres Berlin... 7 New York, 21 days sight 44 Vienna, effec. tl. 3M. 950 Philadelphia 46 Trieste, ditto Madrid - Portugal Gold Coin £3 17 5 Cadiz Bilboa .36 New Doubloons OO 0 Barcelona Seville ... 36 Silver in Bars 05 Oh GOOD ADVICE TO SIR R. PEEL. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin—lt appears to me a singular thing that at Driffield market yesterday, home grown wheat, new, was offered by our own producers at 565. and 575., while the price of foreign wheat is 625. Surely such a fact as this ought to convince the present Ministry of the folly of continuing the present laws in the deformed state they are. Had an Bs. protecting duty been in existence, our. own farmers and country would Lave benefited by it, but as it is no one benefits by it, but the gam blers or swindlers in corn. Having a good deal of intercourse with farmers on my journey. I beg to state that these were the prices paid by the corn factors, and the farmers who are obliged to sell lb meet the expense of getting in their crops, are compelled to accede to their wishes. lam happy to inform you that the feeling of the farmers respecting the present laws are undergoing a great change; many of them now clearly see that they derive no benefit from the existing laws, for before corn gets up to a remunerating price the stock of the country is in the hands of the speculators, and they have such a power, that they can lower the averages to suit their own purpose when farmers must sell and rais.-- them, when they are quite aware the farmers hold no stock. These are simple facts, which not only you but many others can bear me out in. Should Sir Robert Peel prorogue the present Parliament without taking these laws into his serious consideration, and sending forth to the world his and the other Ministers' views upon the question, he must be a brave bigot; and should we hear of midnight burnings and assassinations, let the country thank Sir Robert for it. I wish Sir Robert would take a ride in my gig for a month, and learn particularly the wants of the country. He mud not amuse himself with beautiful vibions; theoretical viewsare very pretty, but it is practical ones alone that, will bring happiness to the millions of our little island. I remain, Sir, one of an influential body that troubles you less than any , other, A COMMERCIAL TRAVELLER. Yorkshire, Sept. 29, 1841. THE SUFFERINGS OF THE POOR. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia—l have been much gratified by yournotice of an " Ad dress to the Clergy of the Established Church," by a Physician. The author is undoubtedly deserving of great praise for his distinguished humanity. Of all the Established clergy', I be lieve scarcely half a dozen have stood prominently forward as sympathisers in the 'resent unparalleled distress ; nay, they have set their faces against the al:Meted poor. Instead of sym pathy, they have as a body, long constituted a leading influence in the great measure of oppression, the taxed loaf, and in all the wickedness of a corrupt and unrighteous system of Govern ment. But the worst feature is, that they have been so long devoted to a corrupted Government, as to have become at length absolutely devoid of all shame. Who could have thought tliat a Church of Christ could have encircled within its fold such monsters of cruelty and political depravity—shepherds of the flock, too 1! But all may be right ; this dread . apos tasy fro m t h e sp i r i t of the Gospel may lead to an earlier de struct ion of th e p resent i n i qu i tous system o f G overnment; f , , when w e see suc h h orr i f i c deeds abounding and perpetrate d in the name of Christianity, we may rest assured that the the aven;tt ing h an d o f P rov id ence cannot b e far distant . I this ,dia t is hope that m y countrymen w ill h ave spirit en ougls ( ,fo e l a m . w what is wanting, to pin Sir Robert Peel down to existin g an immediate cruel exercise of his duty. 'lo turn a deaf ear to dreadfuldistress, or implicationto pro c procrastinate n t a h t e e , w is h o w l e h at cannot r i i. community.)t n e Fo or owithoutel am a s w h a tever way ready to sta n d up i n d e f en ce of the sufferers it may be necessary. A DETSEHSETEEPR,SOFCLAOLTLH ING. WOLVES IN AMERICAN NEWS. (Further extracts from the American Papers.) G ItEAT FIRE AT ST. JOHN, N. 8.--A destructive fire occurred at St. John (in the parish of Portland) on the 26th instant. It broke out in a ship-yard, caused by the dm] ping of a spark from a red-hot plate, which a boy was carrying from a blacksmith's shop to a new ship just finished, and which was to be launched in a few days. The flames spread rapidly, and soon communicated to the ship, which was entirely destroyed. The lire soon com municated.to houses in front of the ship-yard, spreading with great rapidity, and before it could be subdued, about fifty houses were destroyed. The loss of Owens and Duncan is estimated at about 10,0001. During the fire, a soldier, while running to prevent a man passing with his cart, ruptured a blood vessel, and died instantly, and a sailor , who was assisting, was smot h ere d i n the flames. Boston Transcript, Aug. 31. TEXAS. We have received some very important intelligence from Texas. There appears to be a strong war feeling breathing throughout that country against Mexico, which, in connection with the following order, may bring on a rupture in a very short time. " WaiDepartment, Austin, July 14. 1841. To Messrs. Roman, Price, M‘Donald, C unn i ng h am , '" _ _ 01114, and Newcombe. " Gentlemen—Your communication by express has been this moment received. I regret that the President, in the discharge of his public duties, has been called to Galveston, and cannot, therefore, take the prompt action necessary to the emergency that has arisen. The Cabi net have, however, been assembled, and unanimously agree that no time should be lost in repelling the inva ders of our soil and violaters of the rights of our citizens. We, therefore, authorise you to assemble such force as you can command for the expulsion of the enemy, re gard;ng the war as fairly opened by this late outrage by the MexiCan forces; volunteers to any number necessary for the accomplishment of this object, we authorise you to call out. You will of course use due discretion in dis tinguishing between traders and soldiers of the enemy, taking care, however, to possess yourselves of traders and their effects as an indemnity for the loss of our citizens, and treat soldiers as the rules of war direct. I have the honour to be, very respectfully, " Your obedient servant, (Signed) "B. T. ARCHER, " Secretary of War and Navy." This was issued in consequence of the acquittal of Kinney and Aubrey, charged with having been the means of the capture of Captain Demitt, and the proof therefore that the Mexicans alone are responsible for that high -handed measure. Wo think an order of the nature of the above, which of course must be•followed by fighti and what not, and the election to the Presidency of General Houston, who entertains no very friendly feelings towards the Mexican Government, must inevitably lead to war between the two countries. This war will either end in the subver sion of Mexico or the full acknowledgment of the inde pendence of Texas by that Government. . There had been no further intelligence from the Santa Fee expedition. FLORIDA. Advices from St. Augustine are to the 23d August. Two detachments of dragoons, one commanded by Capt. Fulton, and the other by Lieut. Sibley, started on the 17th, from Pilatka, on a seven days' scout. Their course was i.) the direction of Volusia. Lieut. Anderson, a few days since, captured six squaws and three children, in the neighbourhood of Volusia. The Wm Gaston was left there on the 24th, for Port Pierce, with horses. A party. of 50 mounted men is to leave that post immediately on the arrival of the boat, on an excursion, to co-operate with the movements now going on. The gallant Col. Worth seems to be exerting his praiseworthy energies to bring this war to an end. That city continues ver ; v: healthy. W e l earn that some 25 of Aleck Tustenuggee wavr:ors have gone into Tampa, and that the whole hand is ab )ut giving up. UNIVERSITY E DEPT. . T S . 1 2 4' 5 . ...__ Y T . 1 1 1 e N D wi ( ii :O h ß e D has S been installed.— TE L LIG ENCE. cheiter have ,presented College, to the the Rev. Siean and Chapter o: Win meon J. i.tty, of New Vicarage . of Wanborough, Wiltshire, to The Rev. Edward ChChrist Church, and Rector of Crayke,urton, of has been appointed by his Grace the Archbishop of York to a Canonry in York Cathedral. The Head-mastership of the Free Grammar School, Berkhampstead, has been conferred on the Rev. Edward J. Wilcocks, of Lincoln College. The school is one of toe stest endowed in England.. The rectory, of St. Georg- e ' s -i n -the-East, London , in the patronage of the Principal and Fellows of Brasenose College, has become vacant by the death of the Rev. Dr. Faringdon. The Dean and Chapter of Gloucester have presented the Rev. C. F. B. Wood to the Vicarage of Barnwood, Gloucestershire. The Lord Chancellor h as presented the Rev. S. s mell , will to the Rectory of Covenhtun, St. Mary, Lincoln. The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster has pre- sented the Rev. R. S tainforth to the Vicarage of Ponte fract.. in the county of York. Tie Rev. John Sandford, Chaplain to the Lord Bishop Canonr y in the of Worcester, ha s been a pp ointed to a Cathedral Churc h of Worcester. The Rev. Thomas Pitman has been appointel to the Pr, bend of W isborou g h, in Chichester Cathetiral. TROLLOPE'S NEW NOVEL, "CHARLES i D "—Of all the works that have proceeded from popular pen, there is not on••, perhaps, that ' c s austic severity of its satire, the striking Origi nel‘amileri9c;l:rofri°lliitlst°hPiene:idents and characters, and the sparkling w•it of its (1 alogue, the s e" Adventures of Charles Chester fi eld, the C You nrl‘ • lI ITRE o of ; G I e E n I which are now presented to the public in the shape of three amusing volumes, with some admirable il lustrations, byThiz. Although the interest of the work is sufficiently centred in the person and fate of its hero there .ean be little coubt that Mrs. Trollope's sketches of ' certain literary, theatrical, andsocial circles (the originals of which will be readily recognised) are likely to excite a greater degree of public attention and excitement, than even the momentous . I and is.structive career of Charles Chesterfield himself. The '1 he Rizge rorator, and the fashonable authoress, . Mrs. Sherbourne; twelve. the rehearsal of the latter's play • the Soirees A Cabinet Council was held at the Foreign- sc enes between , Mr. Marchmont, the Editor of " office ye ter lay at half-past _ _ and the account of the E • " F Evening Party, at which the .u -2" — hen 8 elect, ' in -esterdaN after attend- a were sworn in 3 . St. Lawrence :, _ropean Celebrity " creates so great a sensation, are tket ehes full , _ at the Gibsons'; Mr. Alderman Magnay and Jewry, o f suc h mingled drollery and sarcasm as we may look in vain ins*, lllr. DivineTl h os 21 Servicet og e ff i • s , according to usutlltustom• for elsewhere in the wide range of modern works of fiction. at the church o f THE SPECTACLE MAKERS' COM. r nitahtilenll:ll ud YesterdayjcaroAleohdmidigentlemen enoearnnnnimety e irase v : m e : airnnet George sn n tie g trhpoher t r. eg l sL i " s p l3 mcon l h r A ataed, ir o s N rroa r . onsu:Dlh;TcupnGkhfogi Gibbs, b l ,rwebee riCompanyHouse, had L ud their g a te _ hs 7 o w m . 8 „ r e e r " . e ;v eAMasterabout Alderman two Alder menf Magnay and Mr. Rogers, Sheriffs ; several Members of Parlianient, including Mr. P. M. Stewart, Cap tain Boldero, Captain Plumridge, R.N., Colonel Campbell, &c. ; several members of the bar, includ ing Mr. C. Phillips, Mr. Clarksou, the City Soli citor, Mr. Charles Pearson, &e. the Under-Sheriffs, and,u number of gentlem en connected with the arts, science, and literature. The dinner and wines were of the first order, and afforded general satisfaction. Sir JAMES Dux made an excellent Chairman, and . proposed the various toasts in a spirited and becoming man ner, especially those of " Her Majesty," " Prince Albert, and the Princess Royal," so as to elicit very great applause. Indeed it was amusing to observe how cordially the To ries cheered the Queen, for, as a wag observed, " They thought they could now see her through their own spectacles, and she was indeed a Queen ! " so say we. But politics formed no part of the hilarity •of the evening. Every man magnified his neighbour through the medium of good cheer into an equality with himself, and certainly the various toasts were rc sponded to with a cordiality of good feeling which did great honour to a company composed of such a diversity of public opinion. When " The Navy and Ar:ny" were given, Captain PLUMRIDGE and Colonel CAMPBELL returned thanks—the former saying that, much as had been of late said respecting the inefficiency of the Naval Administration, he could with certainty affirm that never in the annals of England was the peace esta blishment of the Navy on a better footing—(Cheers)— and if war should hereafter arise, the enemies of Eng land would find out that our Ordnance Board had made such improvements in the arts of destruction as would utterly astonish them.—(Great applause.) . Colonel CAMPBELL very modestly echoed the sentiments of his brother officer, and observed, that of all other places the City of London had the distinguished honour of not only doing justice to her brave defenders by sea and land, but of proving her high sense of their patriotic services by substantial and encouraging proofs of her good opinion. —(This expression was so truly correct • that it elicited unbounded applause.) The City of London stands pre-eminent in her noble appreciation of worthy and illustrious deeds. The usual toasts fol lowed, but there was one peculiarity in that of " the Sheriffs"—the new Administration of Criminal Justice—and it was this, that the last and the present Sheriff; belonged to the Spectacle-makers Com pany. Perhaps it was nothing singular, for Sir JAMES DUKE observed, that the Company had the honour of enrolling among its members a great number 'of names illustrious in all the first departments of life ; and the reason is very obvious, for all who join this excellent Company immediately acquire the "second sight" with out the trouble of going " farther north." Connected with this toast there was another circumstance which gave it additional interest, and it was this, when Alder man MAGNAY returned thanks, stating that the dignity of the office would lose nothing in his -hands, his brOther Sheriff, Mr. THOM AS R OGERS , i n a speech of great feeling and modesty, reiterated the assurances of his colleague, and, pointing to a beautiful banner, which he had the honour of presenting to the Company of Spectacle makers, said, that young as he was in the world, he felt great pride and satisfaction in belonging to such a So ciety, and that it would be the endeavour of his life so to conduct himself as to merit, not only their good opinion, but that of his own consci ence in th e f a i t h ful discharge of his public duties.—(Cheers.) He begged to present that flag, which waved over their heads in the company of " other honoured memorials," as a token of his esteem, gratitude, and sincere hope that they would support him is the arduous duty which had devolved on him to perform.—(Great cheering.) The business of the evening passed on very pleasantly till it was more enli vened by the speech of that patriotic gentleman Mr. PATRICK MAXWELL STEWART, who, in returning thanks for the Members of the House of Commons present at the entertainment, said, in allusion to the diversity of opi nions entertained• in the House, that it reminded him of Cowper's well- known lines on the dispute between the nose and the eyes as to which the spectacles belonged, and that the question of " right or wrong" 'was much the same between the Honourable Members present and himself, for they all belonged to the House of " Ayes and Noes."— (Great - laughter.) The festivities of the evening terminated in great good feeling.