The Sun. — London, England, 1870-09-17 00:00:00

Lrther to be nade of it. the pro faculty of inatelyc?n- enquiries. was closely !ed that the ito regions to be en hat it Was eir liberty , und imagi ly to work mament on had drawn nd to com 'he theorY, 'ear. of men it de triumph inclined to iesis. i Lubbock mild be no e one, Mr. offered to .ssociation, somewhat are articles ssess. On ailat SEPT. 14. rice, drove the honour oily. I.M.S Captain to .et to the ssion who several of recorded fore make required, a. Staff adical offi -1841, and of Africa, he rank of Coast of duty at pitals, at d in a stkff-sur- Hapital, ip on the tin on the tered the 6t Hadar ia, South- stations. rgeon on a station, appointed Assistant itered the obtained mpetitive t month vhence he• last. It decease& fortunate -38 of the bey may ions than Thus the elision of a of £BO, of £7O. he loss (if us nay al e lary,est almost a rd subdued tie doubt .rapidity 22 degs., ?he were rrets, the asts high ie. For achieve- es to our e weight anted.— agncV pt. 15. vs feared place to up, and he boats the first 7 after il min- Lone,on- currier, 1 manu- it, Sept. ',square, Fridayr tickets, 347. othersi IJondon n with r police in thiT ehoused weighs Iners of ve been Jued at FE R.- ichester chester [erbert, ras met, lerriesr Colonel k place ite,gi ragoon Trevor ke ex' ;n, and iusing red A . some latrou, E g y of tortes by her for the' sed by Y ha ve ' t. So' uld-he' 3 &c:,, verie# t beel 4 A and the , d and crest THIRD EDITION. SUN OFFICE, TWELVE O'CLOCK. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE WAR. THE SIEGE OF PARIS. PARIS, FRIDAY. , Admiral Fourichon has arrived in Paris. He was immediately installed at the Ministry of the Marine. I t is thought tbat General Moltke intends to WhuPy Rouen, Havre, and the part of Normandy 4 is on the right bank of the Seine. Th e Gerdes Mobiles actually in Paris number p ~,v ' s ° O. These, together with the other forces, chv that there are now more than 410,000 soldiers "re ady to mount the ramparts. Alovernents have been made which will check General Von Moltke in his endeavours to find food for his men and horses. T he Pattie announces that the Government has A il l e cided, should circumstances require it,. to advance A e time fixed fot the meeting of the Constituent f 83-e mbly, and to remove France as soon as possible 1.41 1 under a provisional system. ,„T_, he news from Lyons are much more reassuring, and there is every prospect of the disturbances being 13{) on at an end. T he journey of Senor Olzaga is looked upon as important un d er ex isting circumstances. The best results are expected to follow from the friendly att itude of the Spanish ambassador. THE SIEGE OF METZ. The Patrie says that good news have been re celved from Marshal Bazaine. The French army is l a il b ,good condition, and still occupies an unassail r,,te Position at a little distance vat from the p 50,lace. "te Prussian army it of obseation numbers 2000 e n, but in s pite of this great disproportion it is u nable to force the French army from its position. I) ,A Ministerial crisis is reported from Spain. rern retires in Consequence, it is said, of ill health. l a a gasta takes his place at the Interior, but his Il ecessor in Foreign Affairs in not named. f Khedivive has received an official despatch rOlll the Grand Vizier telling him the Porte has informed its Ambassadors in Paris and London that i‘ withdraws its protest against the loan with the Franco-Egyptian Bank. DEMANDS OF GERMANY. PRUSSIANS AT CRETEIL. Berl in, M anchester Examiner publishes a telegram from i i -e h tl in) which states that in the Council held at ti : eit os, presided over by the King, the representa :eB of the German States taking part in the war reso lved to separate Alsace and Lorraine from tA ra , n co• It was also resolved that no diplomatic in ij'erence should be entertained or permitted. ° aria and Baden renounce any enlargement of territory. i \z l he correspondent of the Standard states that at to aruur, on the 12th-inst., Count Bismarck declared l ira that Germany would fight for ten years atu er than abandon the demand for territorial D an d against France. The possession of Metz 44 Strasburg, the Count added, was indispensable. T he following is a telegram from the Paris cor respondent of the Times : Z' I n d epen d ant Re mo i s , a Rheims journal, has recei ved tti the following communiqué from Count Bis te.atei k:—‘ Rumours of negotiations and of speedy ° ration of peace are current. These rumours are Iltif-‘ , °u ndo& The German Government has received b e c ommunication indicating that negotiations will ta Shortly opened; on the contrary, the Govern -I,e,ilt 'which has constituted itself in Paris, and which i T e e xs all those guarantees of durability that would irt,required for any other Government to enter into ca utious relations with it, seems inclined to tat il , t ioue a fatal and henceforth unequal contest, p 4 er than consider what may restore peace to ratee., `` Twelve hundred Germans who have been ex riled f rom Paris have pet i t i one , t h e Ki ng o f 11ssia to insist upon their receiving a pecuniary in 4eillnitY, and they add that 80,000 Germans h ave li bee n expe ll e d f rom t h e D epar t men t o f th e S e i ne r ,.., c tle• Prussi a w ill memor i a li se the other Powers ' l leerning the violation of the Geneva Convention France. M. Paul Cassagnac, the journalist, al4 Baron Stoffel, late F renc h Milit ary Att a che Berlin, are announced to be among the Sedan Dtieoners. "Herr von Kuhlevetter, the German Civil Gover 1113t of Alsace and the Department of the Moselle, has t ec luested the Chamber of Commerce a t Elb er f e ld t o e Wort upon the prob a bl e e ff ec t on G erman i n d us t r y the provi n c es ad m i n i s t ere d by hi m en t er i n g into th e Zollverein." “At Wilhelmhohe a German apprentice was ar telB4ted With a pistol in his pocket. The supposition th at he contemplated an attack on the Emperor Napoleon. " I tappears there is no foundation for the state :it that th e B avar ian Government has determined 1) Put itself i n co mmunication with Prussia re fmeeting the e n t r y o f Bavaria into the German Con ,:merac-2, E CAPITULATION OF LAON. Th e Berlin correspondent of the Daily News tele -1;;;Ike the following :—" Duke William of Mecklen nt 4 ) in his official report, says that the capitulation Al L aon took place on the basis of that of Sedan. er l ar s we e re laid down, and the Garde Mobile dis the ,d on parole. Infantry of the line were to leave re t Y under escort. Many officers, including the e i4e 4 commander, remained in the yard of the th e (3 , 1 ' When the last man had passed the gate of edadel two powerful detonations were heard in t t i d ek succession. A powder magazine, shells, car chars) and mine exploded. All the soldiers in the I . e l - Yard were buried under the ruins. There er : fearful destruction. Amount of losses not ertainev THE MARCH ON PARIS. p oni , - telegram dated Paris, yesterday, the comes tut:" of the Daily News says :—" The station th,:er at Joinville telegraphs the arrival of ten In i V ia nd Prussians there. The troops are s e i,"., arras in the forts. A train has been Q i -e Q at Senli s , an d a nother fired into near It Great excitement prevails to-night. / 111 ,;. Impossible for the British Embassy to com -110;leate with the Prussian head-quarters. No an armistice. Some Uhlans were brought alis to-day. (WUTBR'S TELEGMAHII.) PARIS, SEPTEMBER, 16, 3 35 p.m. th ousand ve Baden soldiers, with 20 pieces of af t . l' '77 occupi e d C o l mar on the 14th instant, 44 a slight engagemen t w ith the Franc-tireurs 4 l\ Tational Guards. They levied some provisions Nj d f "age, and left the next day en route for Ulh ouse. lat e : 1 i ndividual who quitted Metz on the 4 th inst. u that M ars h al Bazaine ha d t h en 75,000 men mes • his orders, and was well supplied with provi- isit 111 1 4- 1 tele gram from Fontainebleau announces that ° ll! had arr i ved at Courcelles, and h a d ma d e a hay. Th e uh peasan t s took twelve lauion of prisoners. .SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY, SEPTEJBER 17, 187 PARIS, SEPT. 16, 6 P.M, The commandant of the redoubt at St. Maur announces that the patrols report no signs of the enemy. It is supposed that the Prussians are still at some distance. BELGIUM AND THE REPUBLIC. BRUSSELS, SEPTEMBER 16 (4.17 P.m.) The Independance Beige of this evening says : "We have reason to believe that M. Tachard, the envoy from France, has asked and obtained an audience of the King. The audience will take place to-day, but will have no official character, M. Tachard not being as yet accredited to the Court of Brussels. THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA AND THE SAXON ARMY. • DRESDEN, SEPT. 16. The King of Saxony received the following tele gram yesterday from the Emperor of Russia at Tsarshoe Fel° : "In honour of the successes of yonr brave soldiers, I take the liberty of conferring upon your son, the Crown Prince, my military order of St. George of the second class; well merited by him for having so brilliantly led them to victory. Your Majesty, I hope, will perceive in this act a fresh proof of my respect and friendship." RAISING OF THE BLOCKADE. BERLIN, SEPT. 16, 10 P.M. The American envoy here has received a notifica tion that the blockade by the French fleet has ceased only in so far as concerns the rivers Weser and Elbe. THE PRUSSIANS PREPARING TO ATTACK VINCENNES. PARIS, SEPT. 16. Official despatches announce that Prussian scouts, few in number, have appeared at Villeneuve, Dammartin, and Plessis (towns north-east of Paris), preceding a column of 3,000 troops, which have reached Villers Cotterets. -.Another column 10,000 strong is at Nanteuil. Soissons is blockaded by Cavalry. Private information indicates that the Prussians are preparing an attack in the direction of Vincennes. EXPECTED ENGAGEMENT. PARIS, SEPT. 16. The Minister of the Interior announces that Prussian scouts had arrived at Creteil. Their advanced guard appeared to be between Creteil and Neuilly-sur-Ma cne. Private accounts also state that Prussian scouts had appeared at Corbeil and the wood of Clamart. A large body of troops left Paris yesterday even ing. It is considered probable that an engagement will take place to-day. BLOWING UP OF BUILDINGS ON THE ROAD TO PARIS. (GERMAN OFFICIAL DESPATCH.) HEAD-QUARTERS, MEAUX, SEPT. 115. The enemy has blown up all the important buildings on the roads and railways leading to Paris. This destruction has been quite unneces sary, as the march of our columns continues without even an hour's halt on the road. from Liverpool at noon to-day, embarked passengers and despatches, and proceeded for Boston at• 1:30.p.m., all well. SOUTHAMPON, SEPTEMBER -- 1 A . The Campagne General Transatlantic steamer Europe, from Havre, has arrived here with a full cargo of cotton. She landed 240 passengers. (CENTRAL PRESS TELEGRAMS.) THE LATE YACHTING ACCIDENT. The bodies of Mr' Charles Echlin, the sailor, and his sort, who were drowned on Thursday between Globusk Point and Innisherra Island, through the capsizing of the yacht Wasp, were recovered yesterday afternoon off Globusk Point. At the inquest which was held McCabe, the survivor, stated he was on the mast trying to reduce sail, when the yacht dipped to leeward, on which side Mr. Echlin was sitting, and before he could change his position the craft turned over, shipped water, righted, and then sank. A verdict of accidental death was re turned. PRESENTATION OF THE FREEDOM .OF' ELWIN TO THE RIGHT HON. ROBERT LO WE. he Right Hon. Robert Lowe, Chancellor of the Ex - ohequer, was entertained at • a public banquet in Elgin yesterday afternoon, and presented with the freedom: of the city. The Lord Provost occupied the chair, and there were present Mr. Bass, M.P., Colonel Vandaleur, M.P., Colonel Grant, M.P., the Right Hon. J. Whiteside, Lord Chief Justice of Court of Queen's Bench in Ireland, &c. The usual loyal and patriotic toasts hay in g been given, the Lord Provost presented the freedom of the city to Mr. Lowe,_ and proposed the health of the youngest burgess. a The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, on rising to re spond, was received with much cheering. Referring to the war between Prussia and France, the right hon. gen tleman said :—The Government has been subjected to repeated attacks in all quarters for the policy they have observed in regard to -the great struggle now going on on the Continent of Europe. Now, I wish to draw your attention a little to the subject. We are neu tral in this war, but we are not only neutrals in the technical sense of the word ; we are not only non belligerents, but we are neutrals in the right sense of the word, inasmuch as we are really impartial ; we are well wishers. lam speaking of the Governments on both sides. We are most anxious that this great calamity should be averted, and we are most anxious now that both sides come out of it with as little injury and damage as can possibly be. Therefore, our Inv fession of neutrality is not merely a technical term of law, but it is a real expression of the feelings anti views with which we regard the struggle ; and that it is so may be surmised from the fact that we have been heartily abused by both sides. That being a point quite settled, the question is, what should have been done ? In general there are three kinds of interpo-ition : the first is arbitra tion, another intervention, and the third mediation; and people jumble these things up in a manner that must be my excuse if I endeavour to define these three terms strictly, and to shew exactly what meaning I attach to them. And, first, arbitration means when a person takes upon himself to judge between two competitors at their request and, as no request has been made to us ly the two competitors, arbi tration is totally out of the question, and I may dismiss it. Intervention by a neutral means, that the neutral casts aside the character of neutrality, and goes in for one side or the other. Now, w e have not the slightest inten tion —and I am. sure that you do not wish us to have any intention—of doing so. The quarrel was none of our raising. On the contrary, we have done everything we could to prevent it ; and we are not going, if any power can keep us out of it, to be drawn into it. I see no reason whatever—and I speak with :the greatest confidence—l think so, at least—to apprehend that we shall be drawn into it. The third class of interposition is that of media tion; and mediation, I take it, means, not that you ex actly wait to be asked, but that you give good advice and counsel, and persuade and entreat people to be reasonable —to listen to gcrod advice, and to abstain from hostilities. Now, gentlemen, that also requires consideration. As long as the sword has been drawn—while the matter is still in the stage of quarrel and discussion, and has not reached the point of hostilities—nothing can be more be coming a great Power like England than even to be lavish in mediation, at the risk of receiving, as we have re ceived, some mortifying repulses. She cannot go too far in exhausting all the resources which are at her command, in order to bring the two parties together, and prevent the effusion of blood. She can do this, because the question then at issue is a question of the rights of parties, of which every man is a poor judge for himself, but which just and wise men are always ready to leave to the adjustment of other people, if they are sincere in the belief that they are right. We have exhausted every resource in that kind of media tion in vain ; but when you come to speak of media tion after the sword has been drawn, you get at a totally different set of considerations. It is no longer a question of the rights of parties, but a question of rela tive power. The sword is an evil mediator ; but it does its work decisively and authoritatively. Werewe to go to Pruisia and advise her to be content with less terms than she demands, we actually should be taking the part of France against Prussia, and would be no longer a neutral, but would be throwing in our own moral weight in the scale of France against Prussia- If, on the other hand, we were to go to France and advise her to take terms which she did not consider consistent with her dignity we should be playing the game of Prussia, and taking part against France That is exactly what, iti my judgment, we ought to avoid. There is another reason why, in my judgment, we ought at the present time to abstain from interference and from mediation, and that is this. It is impossible to do so without leaving a lasting wound behind. For instance, supposing we were to re commend Prussia to do something less than she believes necessary for her to do, it would always rankle in the mind of Prussia that she felt herself compelled to listen to our advice ; it would always rankle in the Mind of Prussian statesmen that we had spoiled her game in the moment of success ; and it would be a standing grievance against us for ever. If, on the other hand, we were to advise France to take terms from Prussia, sup posing she demands accession of territory, would it be wise in our statesmen to associate England with what _they regard as miserable and humiliating to submit to. They would at once say that England had a hand in the matter, that she put pressure upon France to compel her to submit to that which she ought not to have done. Theref pre, gentlemen, I think I have shown you—though I am afraid rather drily and tediously—that the only policy if we really mean what we say, if we really mean to keep England out of the conflict, is that of forbearing from -!.; would call officious intervention between tht parties. THE WOOLWICH ACCIDENT.-INQUEST. Yesterday morning an inquest was held at Woolwich, be fore Mr. Carttar, coroner, on the bodies of the Rev. C. Hind (curate of Christ Church, Melton), and George Cowing (a lad belonging to the Chichester, training ship). The bodies had been picked up off the Royal Arsenal. Another body body, that of the lad Alfred Read, has since been found, so that now only one of the crew drowned by the col lision with the Cormorant remains undiscovered. The Corohei advised that the bodies should first be identified ; and then, as the Cormorant had not returned from Ire land, that the inquiry should be furthor adjourned. This suggestion was acted upon. THE SOPER BREECH-LOADING RIFLE. The first official inspection of the Soper breech-loader took place this week at the Horse Guards, before his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambrsdge, who expressed himself much pleased with the simplicity of the arm. In a public competition that took place at Reading on Thurs, day evening, thirty shots per minute were fired from this weapon ; and in the aggregate score; beating twelve muzzle loaders that were fired at the same rate. THE SHREWSBURY ELECTION. The Speaker's writ for the Shrewsbury election was re ceived yerterday morning. The nomination will take place on Tuesday, and the polling on Wednesday. The candi dates are Mr. Douglas Straight, Conservative, and Mr. Cotes and Mr. Lloyd Jones, Liberals. It is thought doubtful whether Mr. Jones will go the poll, there having been no canvass on his behalf. The friends of both Mr. Cotes and Mr. Straight are very sanguine. THE CORK TOWN COUNCIL AND THE FRENCH REVERSES. At a meeting of the Cork Town Council, yesterday Alderman O'Sullivan moved a vote of sympathy with France, and expressed his unfeigned surprise at the reverses of the French army. The motion was allowed to pass unopposed. A deputation waited upon the Council to request a grant of money to the fund for the relief of the wounded French soldiers ; but the Council refused the request on a point of order, though strongly pressed by Mr. O'Sullivan to make the grant. THE GATLING BATTERY GUN. [CENTRAL PRESS TELEGRAM.] The experiments with the Gatling battery gun were commenced at Shoeburyness on Wednesday: and termi nated yesterday, so far as the first programme was con cerned. The main features of the gun may be summed up as follows :—lt has as many locks as there are barrels'. The locks also have when the gun is in operation a reci procating motion. The forward motion of the locks places the cartridges in the rear end of the barrels, and closes the breech at the time of each discharge, while the return movement extracts the cartridge shells after they have been fired. When the ten-barrel gun is being fired there are five ' cartridges at all times in the process of loading and firing, and at the same time five of the shells after they have been fired are in different stages of being extracted. These several operations are continuous when the gun is in operation; in fact, as long as the gun is supplied with cartridges (which is done by means of feed cases in which they are transported). The several operations of loading, firing, and extracting the cartridge shells are carried on automically, uniformly, and continuously. The locks operate on a line with the axes of the barrels, and are not attached to any part of the gun, but as the gun is made to revolve, they play back and forth in the cavities in which they work like a weaver's shuttle, performing their functions of loading and firing by their infringement on stationary inclined planes or spiral projecting surfaces. It can be loaded and fired only when the barrels are in motion, and may justly be termed a compound-machine gun, since the ten barrels, each being furnished with its own loading and firing apparatus, forms, as it were, ten guns in one. In the course of a few days the official report cf the operations of the " original mitralleur," as it is termed, will be in the hands of the public. Meanwhile the following casual details may not be uninteresting. On Wednesday the small Gatling gun, of forty-two one hundredths of an inch calibre, was tried. This gun has ten steel rifled barrels, and is made of any proper calibre to suit the musket cartridges usedlby different governments. It was fired at the high rate of about three hundred and fifty shots a minute. On Thursday the one-inch gun was tested. This is the third or largest gun of the system, and is made with six (some times with ten) barrels, and discharges solid lead balls half a pound in weight. It also uses a canister cartridge, which contains sixteen balls. It also dis charges explosive balls with great effect. At this test it discharged 255 half-pound balls in one minute and eighteen seconds, and riddled the target at 1,400 yards. On Thursday the small gun (No. 1) was again discharged at 1,400 yards, and made excellent target firing. About 375 shots a minute. It was also fired at dummies repre senting a company front, on uneven ground, the men being disposed in irregular order. There were 136 dum mies, representing men, 99 of which would have been killed. The average hits was four in each man. On Friday the small gun was again fired at various ranges, from twelve hundred down to four hundred, at targets and at dummies. The firing was at about the same rate and speed as before, making the same targets and producing the like destructive effect among the dummies. We shall not anticipate the official report, but all on the ground seemed to agree that they had seen the operation of a weapon of unprecedented power. THE CHANNEL FLEET. The Lord Warden, Admiral Sir A. Milne's flag ship, and Her Majesty's ships Bellerophon and Bristol, arrived at Spithead last evening. PROPOSED TESTIMONIAL TO THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD MAYOR. A movement for presenting a testimonial to the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor has been formally inaugurated. It originated with some of his lordship's friends in the ward of Aldersgate, who entertained the belief that very many of the citizens would be glad of the opportunity of ex pressing in a tangible form their appreciation of the manner in which he stood up in defence of a principle at the time of his election as chief magistrate, and also of the way in which he has discharged his duties during his year of office. The voice of the livery in his favour, when he submitted his claims to them in September last, was unmistakeable ; and the judgment and sterling common sense he has displayed in his magisterial capacity, the heartiness with which he has responded to the many calls made upon his time, and his earnest endeavours to uphold the rights and privileges of the office of Lord Mayor, alike entitle him to conside ration. At a numerously attended meeting held at the Albion Tavern, Aldersgate-street, on Friday, 9th inst., a committee was formed to carry ouitthe project, and the feeling was unanimous that the testimonial would prove to be worthy of the recipient and of the occasion.--7'he City Press. THE PREMIER.--Mr. Gladstone was expected t 9 leave town early this morning for Hawarden Castle. He intends to return on Thursday. RUMOURED ASSASSINATION OF THE CROWN PRINCE of PRUSSIA.—A report was current in certainly usually well-informed City circles yesterday that the Crown Prince of Prussia.had been assassinated—whether shot by Francs tireurs, or the victim of such a special blow as that destined for Napoleon I. at Schonbrunn, was not stated. We are glad to say, however, that no confirmation of this report had, down to a late hour, reached the Prussian Embassy ; and that most diligent in quiries in the quarters likely to know the truth lend not the slightest countenance to the rumour of an occurrence which would certainly have had the most de plorable consequences on the future character of the cam ` paign.—Telegraph. DUNVILLE and Co., Belfast, are the largest holders of whisky in the world. Their Old Irish Whisky is r =mended by the medical profession in preference to French brand Sup piled in casks and cases for home use or exportation. Quotations on application to Messrs I)UNVILLE & Co. ' Royal Irish Die tilieno - e. Belfast : or at thai London Clew, 4, Beaufort Buildings C MACMAHON AT BOUILLON. BRUSSELS, SEPT. 16. Marshal MacMahon, accompanied by General de Ghazal, is stated to have arrived at Bouillon. The Independance Beige states that, according to a telegram received by the American Legation at Berlin, the blockade established by the French in the Baltic and North Seas was raised on the 11th instant. FIGHT BETWEEN THE PAPAL AND ITALIAN TROOPS BEFORE, ROME. F .ORENCE, SBPTEMBNIt 15. A squadron of the , ancers of the Fourth Corps d'Armse, sent yesterd Ay to reconnoitre came, un suspectedly upon the advanced guards of the Pontificial troops about three kilometres from Rom e . They were received with a volley. The squ adro at once charged the Zouaves, forcing them to retire on their supports. In the skirmish three Zouaves were killed and three wounded, and on the Italian side one man was killed and three wounded. The Italian headquarters were yesterday fourteen kilometres from Rome. General Bixio arrived yesterday at Corve to, 20 kilometres from Civita Vecchia. Yesterday the Italian fleet arrived in the Civita Vecchia waters. Admiral del Carretto and General Bixio afterwards had an interview. The Division of General Angioletti entered Anagui to-day, and will probably occupy Villetri and Valmontone. Many gendarmes and custom house guards and some dragoons have spontaneously joined the Italian troops. National demonstrations are taking plum in several communes, and the troops are everywhere received with acclamation. BELGIUM AND THE REPUBLIC. BRUSSELS, SEPT. 16. The Etoile Beige of to-day says that M. Tachard, who was specially charged bythe Provisional Govern ment with the mission of sounding the Belgians relative to its recognition of the Provisional Govern ment in Paris has been informed that Belgium would follow whatever course the guaranteeing Powers would adopt. M. Tachard had also a mission to try and interest Belgium in favour of peace. CALAIS AND THE WAR. (CENTRAL PRESS TELEGRAM.) M. Leuglet, the new Prefect of Calais, has just issued an address to the inhabitants of Calais in which he calls on all good honest citizens to follow the example of the patriotic Parisians and defend their town with equal energy as he says they may reckon on his patriotism. Great excitement prevails, and all the English residents have prepared to leave. (RBUTHIES TILZGRAMII.) AMERICA. WASHINGTON, SEPT. lb. At the Congressional elections the Republicans have carried Colorado with about the usual majo rity, electing Mr, Chaffee a Congressional delegate. NEW YORE, SEPTEMBER 15. Gold closed at 114/ ; the highest quotation during the day was 114, the lowest 1131. Sterling exchange on London, 1091. United States 5-20 Bonds, 1882, 113 ; ditto (1885), 112} ; ditto (1867), 1101 ; ditto 10-40's, 1062 ; Illinois Shareis, 1351; Erie ditto, 231. Cotton, middling upland, 191. Petroleum, standard white, 25g. Flour; extra State, $5 05c. to $5 25c. Corn, old mixed, 83c. The National steamer England arrived here at seven a. m. to-day. MAIL NEWS. QUEENSTOWN, SEPTEMBER 16. The Cuhard Royal Mail steamer Java, from New York on the 7th inst„ arrived here at 12.40 p.m. to-day with forty-nine passengers, but no mails. She landed pas sengers, despatches, &c., and proceeded for Liverpool at 12.50. QUEENSTOWN, SEPTEMBER 16. The Cunard royal mail steamer Samaria arrived here LETTER OF M. BERRYER. An unpublished letter from M. Berryer, the distin guished French advocate, has just been brought to light. In writing to a friend in September, 1866, he made some prophecies concerning the future political condition of France. " You may be convinced," he said, " that the Government, by its principles and by the necessary conditions of its precarious existence, is the most dangerous propagator of moral evil that you can denounce in your letter on " The Policy of the Present Time," and that you have fought against it with the good faith of an upright man. It would take too long a letter, and too many revelations, to make you acquainted with all that relates to this sad truth. You do not see these men near enough ; you know neither the baseness of their cupidity nor the shame of their ser vility, nor the cowardly charactei of their adulations. Wait a little while, and you will see in the events which are even now taking place, and will soon attain their de plorable consequences. hat has become of honour, re ligion, order, and liberty, in our ancient countries ? The appearances of material prosterity will speedily disappear, and will leave nothing behind them but the ruins of all important interests. THE PON TIFICAL GOVERNMENT. The Nazione says that the orders of the Pontifical Go vernment have provided for a feeble resistance. But it is believed that it will be difficult to restrain the foreign troops who have resolved to fight for the honour of the army. It is reported from Florence that the Italian Government is only intent on the military occupation of the Pontificate. The Pope is supposed to be unwilling to follow the advice of the Jesuits who urge him to fly from Italy, and some say that he will retire into one of his villeggiature, at Castle Gandolfo. Those who are acquainted with the disposition of Pius IX and the ascendancy which the followers of Loyola exercise over him, maintain on the contrary, that he will follow their advice. I is announced that Lady Amberley has kindly offered to women desirous of studying medicine a scholar ship of fifty pounds a year, tenable for three years, to be awarded next month at Edinburgh by competitive exami nation. Last night's Gazette contains the official notifica tion that the Queen has ordered a writ to be issued, summoning Lord Eliot to the House of Peers by the title of Baron Eliot .of St. Germans, in the county of Cornwall, and also the official announcement of the return of Mr. Lee Steere for West Surrey. The Exeter Gazette understands that the late Mr. Augustus Stowey has bequeathed the estate and mansion at Kinbury, as well as the bulk of his great wealth, to the Rev. G. W. Bampfylde Daniell, rector of Martin, near Salisbury, upon whose heirs it is entailed. Mr. Daniell was a great friend of the deceased, and from childhood they had been almost inseparable. He is a cousin of Lord Poltimore and Mr. Mark Kennaway, of Hoopern House. • M. Chatrian, the well-known collaborateur of M. Erckmann, was elected the other day to the command of an irregular company, but had the good sense to hand it over to an old soldier, who probably knew more of the matters than the charming writer of " Madame Th4riise,' " L'lnvasion," " Le Conscrit," " Waterloo," &c. The official narrative of the battle of Vionville (or Mars-la-Tour) of the 16th of August has now appeared in the Staats Auzeiger. It adds little to our knowledge of the general features of the engagement, which, as is well known, was fought chiefly by Steinmetz's troops, sup ported by parts of the 3rd and 18th corps. The loss was even more severe than has before been supposed, no less than 17,000 being the total in killed, wounded, and miss ing. And this action was a very partial one compared to that which followed it on the 18th. CONTRABAND OF WAR. We have received copies of communications which have passed between Count Bernstorff, the Ambassador of the North German Confederation in this country, and Earl Granville, her Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The subject under discussion originated with a circular issued by the Foreign Secretary on the 11th of August last, and the memorandum communicated by. Count Bernstorff on the Ist instant is practically a com ment on that public document. The Count begins by declining to survey the existing neutrality laws, and their ultimate bearing and scope, but starts from the point that the verdict of the world, and the public opinion of England, have unanimously pronounced the Empe ro r of the French guilty of a most flagitious breach of the peace. Germany, therefore, was " led to expect that the neutrality of Great Britain, her former ally against Napo leonic aggression, however strict in form, would at least be benevolent in spirit to Germany ; for it is impost sible for the human mind not to side with one or the other party in a conflict like the present." The Count asks what more could Great Britain have done, had Germany been the aggressor, than to allow France all the benefit that she now possesses, in access to coal and mnnitions of war; and he observes:—" In the face of the continuous export of arms, ammunition, coal, and other war material from this country to France—in the face of facts openly made a boast of by the French Minister of War, and not denied by the British Govern ment—it is not necessary to prove that the neutrality of Great Britain, far from being impartial towards that party which has been pronounced to be in the right, is, on the contrary, such as it might possibly have been if that party had been wrong in the eyes of the British people and Government." The Count treats as scarcely serious the idea that the Germans are at liberty to bring each case before their own prize courts; for it would be quite out of place " thus to taunt Germany with not being mistress of the seas." Earl Granville, in a despatch dated the 15th instant, replies at some length to the two main positions assumed by Count Bernstorff—first, that the attitude of Great Britain in the present war towards Prussia should be that of " a benevolent neutrality ;" and, secondly, that there is no analogy between the course adopted by Prussia in regard to the Crimean war and that of England in the present war. England has endeavoured to maintain% complete neutrality, whereas Prussia now asks for one which, being " benevolent " towards Prussia, must necessarily be unfavourable towards France. Lord Granville fully recognises the difficulty of de fining belligerent and neutral rights, and the not un natural feeling of Germany at the present juncture. Prussia demands that the export of arms, ammunition, coal, and other contraband of war to France should be prevented, and observes that our law empowers the Exe cutive to take a ship. " There is no doubt that the Executive has, under the Customs Consolidation Act of 1853 the legal power to prohibit the export of contraband of war ; but the highest authority can be adduced to show that such exportation is not forbidden by our municipal law, and it has not been the practice to prohibit it, except when the interests of this country, as in the case of self-defence are directly and immediately concerned in the prohibition; and even in some of these cases, such as the Crimean war, consider able doubts arose during its continuance whether the pro hibition, when actually attempted to be enforced, was as disadvantageous to the enemy as it was inconvenient to ourselves. Such, then, being the state of the case as regards existing practice, I would venture to ask your Excellency's serious attention to the following specimens or the difficulties which would at the outset have to be met in an attempt to alter existing prac tice. The export of arms and contraband of war may be open or clandestine. Exportations, if prohi hibited, would be entirely clandestine; the nature of a cargo and the destination of a vessel would be equally •i concealed. It would be necessary to alter the present system of exportation under which (except_ in the Dort or "Ammon) cargoes, in order to insure rapidity of ship ment, are not examined by the Custom authorities, who receive the account of them from the shippers generally after the ship has sailed. It would require the establish ment of - an - expensive, intricate, and inquisitorial Customs system, under which all suspiqious packages, no matter what their assumed destination, would be opened and examined. Finally, though it might certainly diminish the profits of certain merchanti with whose proceedings her Ma;!.- ty's Government, in common with your Excel lency, have no sympathy, it would also cause infinite de lay and obstruction to innocent trade. Your Excel lency would not interfere with the trade to neutral coun tries; but how would it be possible to avoid this? A ship carrying prohibited articles would invariably have a colourable neutral destination. How is this to be de , tected without interfering with the trade with neutrals, it even then ? During the Crimean war Prussia had no such difficulty. There could be no doubt of the destination of goods arriving on the R ussian frontier ; and yet the Cus toms authorities were practically powerless. But Great Britain has no frontier ; a ship leaving her ports may shape her course where she pleases. Your Excellency has suggested the exaction of a bond from shippers; but such a measure would be most onerous to the mercantile community, would be easily evaded, and at the best would be no security against ultimate destination. It would be necessary, too, to take these bonds not only from foreign bound ships, but from coasting yes eels, which are at pre sent subject to little or no Custom s supervision ; for what could hinder a coasting vessel from crossing the Channel and delivering her cargo at a French port ? Again, your Excellency includes coal among the articles to be prohibited, on the ground that coal is more useful to France than to Germany during the present war. This raises the question of the prohibition of all articles not contraband of war, which might be of service to a belligerent. But if this principle were ad mitted, where is it to stop? It would be difficult if a neutral, and obviously inadmissible for a belligerent, to draw the line. It must be remembered, too, that the features a a war may change, Articles invaluable to a belligerent at one period may be valueless at another, and vice vevsa. Again, the 11th article of the Treaty of Com merce between this country and France expressly pro vides that the contracting parties shall not prohibit the exportation of coal. Can this solemn treaty stipulation be lightly regarded as long as we remain neutral ? • . . . Her Majesty's Government fear that no means could be devised for securing, at this moment, a calm discussion of the subject. They by no means desire to claim excep tional rights for this country. They would be prepared to enter into consultation with other nations, as to the possibility of adopting in common a stricter rule, altlicrugh their expectations of a practical result in the sense indicated by the North German Government are not sanguine. THE ST. PETERSBURG JOURNAL ON THE SIEGE OF PARIS. The St. Petersburg Journal says that the siege of Paris is imminent unless an armistice can be obtaided to afford leisure to carry on the negotiations of peace and arrest this new misfortune. It is not yet officially known what are the pretensions of Germany; those of the French Government for the national defence have been made public through the circular of M. Jules Favre. Since the publication of this circular two manifestations have been made, one by the International League and one by M. Victor Hugo. It must be frankly stated that the in terference of the Socialist democracy of France and its organs can only exercise a baneful influence on the state of public affairs. It is very certain that Germany will not turn her eyes in the direction of France when she seeks for light to steer her course, and counsels ik indicate her progress. France con gratulates herself upon the establishment of a Revolution. So be it ; but we have also heard her eager felicitations at having de cided through the medium of the, popular voioe to live under the regime of an Imperial Government. Let her make the experiment of the new system she has inaugu rated, but let her not un d ertake the dangerous work of drawing hes neighbours after her in the movement. The fraternity of the peoples may be advocated, but their federation is quite another thing. There is no occasion for the men of different nations to follow precisely customs and habits in order that they may be associated together. The Germans are not in the delirium of a Revolution, and have no ' desire for one. We believe, therefore, that the intervention of the revolu tionary European Federalists is an unfortunate under taking, which can only result in mischief. Victor Hugo seeks to prevent the Germans from attacking France by declaring that it is the city of nations, to attack which assimilate the German p eople—that country of thinkers —to the modern Vandals. Certainly there is no one who does not hope that Paris may escape from the horrors with which she is menaced, but in sober truth should the Germans re solve to besiege Paris, will they be the Vandals that the illustrious poet of Notre Dame proclaims them to be ? It must be borne in mind that Paris has been fortified, and when this work was accomplished did any one come forward and say thatit was an idle task to under take, because by all the laws of civilisation it would be an act of barharism, and a criminal shame to attack Paris No, poet ! the siege of Paris will not be a crime, and the army which shall undertake it will not be denounced by civilisation; but it will be an immense misfortune. Your protest is couched in such terms that it is calculated to cause provocation in the German camp, as irritating as it is useless, that it is to say if it produces any effect there. It is by the adoption of otter language, and by the expression of other sentiments that we must hope to carry out the establishment of peace. May another form of words bring about the much-desired peace, and the peace ful seed of the future, of which Victor Hugo speaks, be spread abroad without being mixed with the ashes of the fortresses of Paris. If it must be that Paris is besieged as Rome was by the French army, may it come out from the trial as Rune came out in the untouched splendour of its riches and of its beauty. OUR COTEMPORARIES-- This Morning THE CHANCES OF PEACE. The Times believes that the chance of stopping the war and of restoring peace to Europe, never more than a bare possibility, becomes daily less and less, and now threatens to vanish altogether. It seems cer tain that Paris must bear the brunt of attack before the first condition of negooiation will be arrived at. We are, says the Times, reluctant to say a word that may seem to cad an ungenerous reflection upon the mis fortunes of France, but it is in' the interest of the nation we express the opinion that their greatest calamities have sprung from their un willingness to look facts in the face. Unpalatable truths have been hateful to them. They have hugged delusions to their soul. France must realize the painful fact that she stands alone in the contest she has provoked, unless the sequel of the war gives rise to questions at present altogether unsuspected, and of a character entirely different from those that have as yet been discussed. If France would but strip truth of all the veils her imagination has flung around it, and see it as it is, it may be—the chance is small indeed, but it may be—that there is yet time to prevent the further progress of the war. Obviously, the first thing to be done is to abandon all reliance on missions to London and St. Petersburg, and to address the King of Prussia direct. If a parlententaire of sufficient rank were sent to the Head-Quarters of the Ger man Army with authority to treat, it would be at least possible to narrow the point in dispute to a clear issue. Count Bismarck says that the German Government has received no communication indicating a desire to nego tia,te, and everything conspires to press the wisdom and necessity of making such communication. M. TRIERS' MISSION. The Daily Hews, criticising the position of France, says : The German army 'is marching, without an hour's delay, straight on Paris. That is the answer which Germany returns to the base less rumours of an armistice, and to the desire of all neutral Europe that there should be peace. We have felt it to be our duty to point out from day to day the exact situation of political and military affairs in France, even at the risk of disappointing very natural hopes, and seeming to mock expectations we would most willingly have shared. But from the first rumour of peace efforts down to the present moment there has never been the least sign on the horizon on the blossed advent of peace. It is needless for us to repeat as the assurance that the " voluntary mission" of M. Thiers has never represented anything mere than a laudable anxiety on the part of the French Government to stop the German advance. The venerable statesman' seems rather to have got out of the way of the German arms by a dig nified retreat from the beleaguered capital than to have drawn an obstacle across their path. But for his known valour and his small reputation for discretion we should be inclined to congratulate him on the admirable strategic movement by which he has escaped with his family from the dangers of a siege with all the honours, if not of war, at least of an attempt at peace. PRUSSIA'S OBJECT. The Standard holds that no chance has been given Paris of peace. The Prussian King has acted as if there there were no French Government, and the only pos sible course left to the people of the National Defence has been that preparation for the defence of Paris which has cost France such enormous sacrifices, and which the organs of the Prussian embassy denounce as unjustifiable. Is there any possible justification for this obstinate refusal of the Prussian Government to state the ends for which it prolongs this conflict? Nothing has happened since the capitulation of Sedan to induce or justify any increase of > the demands which Prussia would have then put forth. Why, then, has not the Prussian Government summoned the present holders of power in France to accept such terms as it may think necessary in German interests ? The march upon Paris is war against Republicanism. The sufferings of France and Paris during the last week, and those in store for both, are not directed to enforce satisfaction for the wrongs done to Germany, but to root out the noxious principle of Republicanism. THE DESOLATION OF FRANCE. The Telegraph, commenting upon the situation, says at one day's journey from our peaceful and wealthy London there is a sight to be now seen which would for ever abo lish war, if nations were but wise. Metz, Strasburg, and Sedan have all afforded to the world specimens of battles and sieges so horrible that one might almost ex pect Christendom to agree to make this campaign the last, as it has been the bloodiest, in history. But it is a forlorn hope, perhaps, to think that the military passion in•mankind can ever be cured by horror of bloodshed. The story of the carnage is told, excites a shudder, and is for gotl;en ; the wounded get well or die ; the earth veils the wickedness of her battle-fields from the sight of Heaven with grass, with growing corn, and vine yards ; after which, when the exhausted nations have re covered from the costs of their conflict, new plots and jealousies set on foot new challenges and mutual mas sacres. But, since human life is so cheap, men will perhaps become some day peaceable for the sake of their property; and, if so, the sight presented just now around Paris might well deter Europe from warfare for many a day. The Parisians have kept their word about rendering the suburbs of their capital a desert. The belt of inhabited and cultivated land outside the forts and ramparts has been devastated by their own hands. We heard from time to time of the measures taken to bring about this end ; and now the Germans themselves tell us that all the important buildings, bridges, manufactories, villas, farm steads, barns, and dwellings generally upon the roads to the city are everywhere destroyed. The wet weather seems to have prevented the total destruction of the forests near the capital, but a large extent of these also has been nevertheless set on fire. The beautiful Bois de Boulogne is quite ruined, the pretty villas and chateaux are pulled down. All is desolation and blankness for miles around the walls ; and, according to the P-ussian account, the greater part of this self-inflicted mischief is utterly useless for the purposes of war. HOW PARIS CAN BE SAVED. The Manchester Examiner says if the impending struggle before Paris resolves itself into a duel between the capital and the German armies, nothing but a miracle will save the city. Apart from miraculous heroism, the fate of Paris depends upon the temper of France. Is there any enthusiasm in the provinces ? and has Imperialism so eaten out all the pluck and the manhood of the nation that it is incapable of the supreme effort which alone can loosen the grip of the invasion. The deliverance of Paris is to be achieved—if achieved at all—a hundred miles away on that long line of communication upon which the German armies will have to depend for food, ammunition, and every species of sustenance for life and war. THE TERMS - OF PEACE. The Manchester Courier, speaking of the concessions likely to be demanded by Prnssia, says it would be better for France to abandon her foreign possessions and retain her integrity at home. Not only would such a course be pleasanter to Frenchmen, but it would secure the rest of Europe against the perpetual disturbance of its peace, certain to result from any annexation of French territory to Germany. Here are reasons abundantly sufficient for the friendly interposition of Foreign Powers. Why is it Mr. Gladstone and his colleagues hold so persistently aloof from all interference ? Why does England take no note of the question which within a very short period may affect her very existence as an independent Power Saunders' Hews Letter regards the siege of Paris as a certainty. No matter what statements may be made that Prussia will be.shiasfied with nothing less than the occu pation of .EV4ace and Lorraine. The Morning Mail considers that the division amongst the Re publicans will materially facilitate the siege. The Irish Times regrets that the institution of -an orderly Republic at Paris should be followed by the pro clamation of a Red Republic at Lyons. There is division where all should be united. The same paper considers that there is something more than a mere geographical connection between the movement at Lyons and those 4 Savoy and Nice. The Lord Chancellor has appointed Mr. Edmund Beales, M.A., to the Judgeship of the Cambridge County Court, vacant by the death, of John Collver, Esq. THE Duo D'AUMALE ON THE SITUATION.—The Gaulois says :—" A gentleman just returned from England has related to us a conversation which he lately had with the Princes of Orleans, and especially with the Duke of e revenge. Her situation will defend itself, and th e Prussians will be ba ffled in their Aumale. After deploring the situation in which we a re placed the latter said France has undergone a terrible sheordealbut f rise again take be aina i n n d g sp a e frightfuldesperate. Paris rev efforts against the capital. As for ourselves, we have offered our services to the Government of the National Defence ; we have placed ourselves entirely at its dis posal, and we bitterly regret the Government should have refused our offer, following in that respect the example of the preceding one." 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