The Sun. — London, England, 1849-12-05 00:00:00

de at glided 1, and Altus, the t sup ne to ended nk in st.the ae lit apt on, Herd hields rescue ied. aoutb, art 'of 1( yes.. Ids to water, Alert, prung , name wreck, 1, sup :ed on ,ngs of picked Rocks . )AY. ty war er, th• for all tations. LI since corning :re well 11 kinds prices. and, a$ on th• :d dull, )rn and Flour. Sackl. 1,270 is been hive I 10 Mg' sa sdi di and E. kY•) I sat to' was the it. The ale (the ge of the mbertott and Sit en sP; Arches 'ring on ve r to I ro repro o oppose o rdered Linea ou shops of PAUL. , :mina 0' ordshiPs Dal °CCU. Y.) , he Roll§ iving inciL AY*) To.) INSULAP T. waS Nf ro ijunction a ;teen ' n. The Liter t i 3 .6 ✓ to ranateoo for the sUbs e Creasulti o secon up), . 11 .; i uthortu fore, h/ oasesoion lumbago' r ras surP, King °I j un ction , plicattoo a 5 b train the ourt also e sittia art, en 1, motio° the „ )s to vv Enor ij a ie tolor: Dn , lion, rd C° l/1 a ; , les-,. 70 but s bilt - :j u g th° he Cour/ All.) t Of - p otiOv he t t urd • -on th ((era 0/ Mr. Justice MAULS, pronouticine the opinio❑ of the Court, was of opinion that the ta.her ought to he pre sumed to have signed the note and not the son, the con trary not appearing, and directed the rule for a nsw trial to be made absolute. a SECONDARIES THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Secondary POTTER.) HORNE v. CONNAU. 'IMPORTANT QUESTION.—The plaintiff in this case sued as executrix of a person namen Hawden, formerly t solicitor at Denbigh, to recover the sum of 510/. for breach of covenant. Mr. TA:moit, the plaintiff's attorney, stated the case. Defendant resides at Pennyford, in the county of Flint, and in 1837 borrowed a sum of 3121., at 5 per cent. tnterest, but on the death of Mr. Hawden it was found that both principal and interest remained still due. Defendant had suffered judgment to go by default, and as the attesting witnesses to the deed were both dead, he would call witnesses to prove the nature of the trans action. The Learned SECONDARY said that as the covenant !es set out in the deed, and defendant had not pleaded, he admitted the deed. He could have traversed it it he ha d thought proper. In his (the Learned Secondary's) ! i ction it was not necessary to produce the deed, although it was more satisfactory to do so, merely to s ht' , w that there was no indorsement of any thing Pr id off, The jury, under the direction of the Secondary, gave it verdict for the amount claimed. The great expense of bringing witnesses up from Wales was unnecessarily incurred. SURREY SESSIONS.-(THIS DAY.) S HOPLIFTING.—CaroIine Albury, 24, was indicted for stealing two pieces of printed cotton from the shop of Mr. Benjamin Haydon, linendraper, Bermondsey street. Prosecutor deposed, that en the afternoon of the 14th tilt., the prisoner and another female entered his shop about one o'clock, and asked to look at some pieces of ribbon. They were shown several, but left the shop without make a purchase. About half an hour after wards, a policeman came to him, and informed him that he believed he had been robbed, and on looking on the counter he missed the two pieces of printed cotton now produced. - Henry Hunt, police-constable 52 M, said, that a little after one o'clock on the afternoon in question, he was in King -street, Borough, when he saw the prisoner and another female. Perceiving something in the prisoner's apron, he stopped her, and asked her what she had got, when. she replied that she had a dress which she had just taken out of pawn, but could not tell who the Pawnbroker was. Suspecting she had stolen the dresses, he took her into custody, and afterwards made inquiriea of the shopkeepers in the neighbourhood, and ascertained that they had been stolen from the prosecutor. The jury found her Guilty, and The COURT sentenced her to six months' imprison went at Brixton. MARLBRO -STREET—(THIS DAY.) Charles Westhall, a. well-known smasher, was brought III) for final examin ation, charged with knowingly ut tering a counterfeit Ss. piece. Mr. Kyle Ward, gilder, No. 2, Little Compton-street, Soho, stated that on Friday, the 30th of November, the prisoner came into his shop, and purchased a brush, Which came to 3id., and in payment for which the pri soner gave him wnat appeared to be a genuine crown• [' h ie". Witness gave the prisoner the change and he left s hop. Shortly afterwards the witness reciairing Zlinge sent his daughter with the ss. piece for the pur- C i ° of procuring it, and on her return she said the coin 43 4 counterfeit. On the fol:owing day the prisoner ' 4 lne again and. attempted to pass another counterfeit 5 Piece. when witness sent for a constable and gave nil in charge. Po lice -constable 114 D said he received charge of the prisoner, and took him to the station, where he was tre re hed, and a base ss. piece was found concealed in lining of hi s wa i s t coa t. t4iThe prisoner , w h o i s an o ld o ff e nder, was fully coin tted for trial. THE NELSON COLUMN. (PRIVATE VIEW—THIS DAY.) At length we have had the gratification of beholding th e completion of one of the bronze bassi relieso, which are destined within the present century to adorn the noble column erected in Trafalgar-square to the g l ory of the darling hero of England. Mr. Carew, the artist, has nobly achieved the task entrusted to his ability —a task worthy of evoking his very highest c apacities—that of portraying to a remote posterity the last heroic scene in the career of the im mortal Nelson. He has selected for illus tration the simple but thrilling narrative of Southey ; and the point of time chosen for repre sentation is the moment when Nelson was being carried from the quarter-deck, after he had received the terrible wound which deprived England of her greatest sea captain and the world of one of its most dauntless heroes. " Captain Hardy," says the nar rator, " who had been in conversation with him only a few moments before, on turning round, saw him lifted from the deck by a marine and two seamen. W ell, Hardy,' said Nelson to his captain, th ey have d one f or me at l as t." I hope nclt ; was the reply. ' Yes, they have 6 , 4 me through th e b ac k-bone.' Immediately alterwards, on observing that the tiller ropes were 81 - 1 1 , ° , t away, he said, Let new ones be rove.' 1 d "? was the last order that the hero gave on the eel( of the Victory." C i f the whole conception of the passage, as given by the sculptor, we can speak only in terms of the e st full an d comp l e t e a d m i ra ti on . The figure of N els on in particular betrays at once the languor of °lle mortally wounded, and the vigilance of *great Warrior clin g i ng t o th e l as t t o hi s d u ti es a nd responsi bilities,y It was a noble thought on the part of Mr. C arew to depict Lord Nelson at the moment when c.°leg his last ord e rs on the quarter-deck, prior to en a being borne down to the cockpit, which has be- V" sacred by the remembrance of his decease. ?di', the captain of the Victory, is, we believe, the I ,'''Y other p or t ra it i n thi s grou p so em inently historic. 1 11 h e favourite figure, it would seem, of the artist, and t ot Undeservedly so, is that of the negro who, while e r h re Pring to level his musket, is looking eagerly aloft fatal to discover the man who bad fired the I: 41 bullet. Another figure in the opposite corner 4 ._, ve rY nearly as felicitous, and the bodies of the e rl or dying marines, in the foreground, are b: vce rlY disposed. At the same time it must U nder Premised that we viewed this work of art i n let' somewhat disadvantageous circumstances, Wer e that from the position of the scaffolding we er e compelled to observe the effect of the whole composition at once too near, and at too gre at an elevation. Notwithstanding this d rawba c k h owever , it was i mposs ibl e no t t o recogn i ze II a glance the power, grace, and ability lavished . Pen its every d eta il. If one t hi ng more t h an `anther struck us on the occasion of this first in spection, it was the extraordinary boldness of the / thele basso relievo This, nevertheless, _though the most conspicuous, is far from being its only ad 4iiralzsle characteristic. WARWICK RACES. (THIS DAY.) MY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) LEAMINGTON, WEDNESDAY MORNING, ELEVEN O'CLOCK. srain consEquenee of the frost, and a slight fall of the Stewards have made the following order : the‘ We are of opinion that the ground is unfit for e - Steeple Chase to-day, and, therefore, it is poet med until to-morrow, Thursday. (Signed) LURGAN. STRATHMORE (for C. T. Carew, EN.) PUtation of merchants, connected with the %rn and western districts of Ireland, had t an I C ll—rv iew yesterday with Lord John Russell and the hancellor of the Exchequer. It deputatio n , cons i st i ng o f t h e L or d M a y o r, Mr. iastertnan MT Mr. Deputy Harrison, and the Cit -,e membrancer, had an interview with the Chan t'd;":)r of the E xc h equer yesterday, at h i s o ffi c i a l resi ace, in Downing -street. t he auditors of the London and North• Western alsval a i 4t. y have d e t erm i ned to avail themselves of the as of , t 2 Ce of a pr o f ess i ona l accountant in the making up ".le ac counts preparatory to the en s ui ng genera l i ' t 'ng in February next, and Mr. J. E. Col e man has e eu sel ected for the duty. G E [ADVERTISEMENT.] eia NE RAL MO URNING. —A s t h e G azette en j o i ns all Cla sscb tO Put t h emselves into deep mourning for the bus e o f ',noi:thontrestintghe Queen Dowager, it may be interesting to re how far such commands may be carried out. the prices of mourning ut present with fallen of but twenty years since, more than one-half has • “ert in the cost. This fact in itself will enable an 14:villet'nso numb er of persons to exhibit their outward _ re nca for th e memory of practical virtue, and, in the not be of which, it is gratifyi ng to:learn, they will b e frustrat e d by " the cupidity of trade to take ad , "ago of demand, ' as there exists the positive assu .l4l t Ina the purveyors of mourning to her lute it u JlatY will supply the humblest admtre rs of their ZoY AlLtress the means of testifying their respect at ,Z 1 o greater cost than existed before this national afllic ot! guarantee of the Messrs. Jay made the more t development by the forestalment of the mar 'ut , alluded to some time since. 1~- L-. Y.) Tlitt SUN% Lpwrioti l ,MEDNESDAY nVENTING, DIZCEMBItIt B,_ 1840, AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY. The following memorial has been addressed to the Lord John Russell, First Commissioner of the Treasury, and the Viscount Palmerston, Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs : " We, the undersigned, desire to express to your Lordships, and through your Lordships to the rest of her Majesty's confidential servants, the deep interest which we have taken in the contest which has been recently carried on between the Hungarian nation and the Emperor of Austria. Not less deep is the interest which we now take in the final settlement of the question at issue between them, and in the per manent pacification of that great country. Sincerely attached to the liberties of our own country, the final establishment of which is due to the successful termi nation of struggles analogous to those which have been made from time to time in Hungary—with equal sincerity desirous of maintaining the peace of Europe, we are fully sensible of the great import ance that the settlement of the questions at issue should be effected in a manner and upon terms satisfac tory to the Hungarian nation, not only for the sake of Hungary herself, but because we apprehend that a settlement unsatisfactory to the country will sow the seed of renewed discontent, may lead to fresh local disturbances, and by the local disturbance of so large an element of the European system, may en danger the tranquillity of the whole. "The objects of the undersigned are, internal liberty —national independence—European Feace. For the attainment of these objects we trust the Court of Vienna will bear in mind that the satisfaction and contentment of Hungary will afford the greatest security. Considering, however, the means by which the authority of the house of Hapsburg has been re established, the undersigned are of opinion that the occasion permits, even if it does not call for, the in tervention of Great Britain in counselling the Austrian Government respecting the exercise of its restored executive power. With respect to the mode and op • portunity of interfering, the undersigned offer no specific opinion, but we hope her Majesty's Govern ment will not shrink' from suggesting to that of Austria, that, since Republican France has abolished capital punishments for political offences, it will not be wise to allow a contrast to be drawn, unfavourable to the clemency of monarchical governments. " November, 1849. " FITZWILLIAM. J. D. RAWDON. NORTHAMPTON. J. WYLD. ZETLAND. S. C. H. OGLE. BEAUMONT. C. PEARSON. KINNAIRD. L. HEYWORTII. HATHERTON. J. CLAY. CONYNGHAM. H. A. AGLIONBY. GOSFORD. THE (YGORMA.N MAIION. MONTFORD. B. M. WILLCOK. DUCIE. W. PINNEY. RADNOR. A. E. COCKBURN. R. M. MILNES. R. M. Fox. J. TOWNSHEND. W. S. CRAWFORD. R. PRICE. A. Hann. H. VERNEY. W. J. Fox. T. S. DUNCOMBE. J. T. Wswx. T. P. THOMPSON. J. PILKINGTON. T. WALLEY. P. LOVEDEN. T. SADLEIR. W. HUTT. P. S. BUTLER. W. EVANS. W. SCHOLEFIELD. T. SIDNEY. J. FERGUS. B. HALL. R. A. SLANEY. P. J. LOCKE KING. T. E. HEADLAM. J. MACGREGOR. J. REYNOLDS. W. MARSHALL. E. K. TENISOW. T. T. HODGES. M. SULLIVAN. J. WILLIAMS. T. C. ANSTEY. T. A. MITCHELL. J. HEYWOOD. C. COWAN. F. MOWATT. E. N. BUXTON. G. TIIOSIPBON. DUDLEY C. STUART. J. O'BRIEN. DE LACY EVANS. J. KERSHAW. M. POWER. H. SALWEY. W. EWART. J. LOCK. R. PERFECT. W. COLLINS. M. FORSTER. W. FAGAN. E. H. BuNisußY. F. P. DUNNE. W. CLAY. N. M. POWER. G. W. FITZWILLIAM. T. M'CULLAGH. W. L. FREESTUN. J. G. MARSHALL. T. MILNER GIBSON." D. J. NORREYS. THE FALSE RESPECTABLE. (From Eliza Cook's Journal.) " A restlessness in men's minds," says Sir William Temple, "to be something they are not, and have something they have not, is the root of all im morality." This sentiment, if analyzed, will be found strictly correct. One of the most prominent vices of modern society is, the aiming and struggling to keep up mere ex ternal appearances. This is the great social sin of the age. There is a universal effort at seeming to be something which we are not. We put on appear ances, clothe ourselves in shams, and try to look some thing superior to, or at least different from, what we really are. "Respectability" is one of our great aims. Now, respectability, regarded in its true sense, is a proper and most desirable thing. To be respected, on right grounds, is an object which every man and woman is justified in aiming at. To be respectable—literally, worth looking at again, worth regarding and admiring —this is all proper enough, and we do not find fault with it. But what does " respectability" mean in the modern-social acceptation of the term? It means, wearing fine clothes, living in fine houses, " keeping a gig." It looks to the outside, to sound, show, externals. It listens to the chink of gold in the pocket, and admires the polish of the brazen face. Moral worth or goodness forms no part of it. A man in these days may be perfectly "re spectable," and yet altogether despicable. This false and demoralizing habit arises from the overweening estimate which we form in this country of two things well enough in their place—rank and wealth. We all of us feel as if we belonged to some rank or caste, out of which we are always struggling to rise into some other above it. You find this spirit of caste as' keenly at work among the humblest as among the highest ranks. The linen-draper looks down on the huckster, the huckster on the day labourer, the day-labourer has some one beneath him too. Higher up in the scale of wealth and rank it is the same. The man of acres despises the man of cotton. How exclusive is Almacks ! not even all titled men can have an entrée there. It matters not at what class you begin, or howsoever low in the scale ; you ;will find that every man has some class beneath him that he looks down upon. Among the middle classes this exclusiveness is very marked. Each circle would think it a degradation to mix on familiar terms with the members of the circle beneath it. In small towns and villages, this feeling assumes its most intense form. Thera you find distinct coteries or circles, holding aloof from each other, despising each other, and often pelting each other with hard words. And while every one has his or her own exclusive circle, which all of supposed inferior rank are pre cluded from entering, they are at the same time struggling to pass over the line of social demarcation which has been drawn by those above them ; they are eager to overleap it, and thus gain admission into a circle still more exclusive than their own. There is a desperate scramble for front places, and many are the mean shifts employed to gain them. We must be "respectable," forsooth ! We must possess the homage of society 1 And for this purpose we must be rich, or at least seem to be so. Hence the struggles after style—the efforts made to put on the appear ances of wealth—the dash, the glitter, and the show of middle and upper class life—the aping of aristo cratic manners and customs—the gaudy " gentility," and " ton ;"—and hence, too, their motley train of palled and ♦itiated tastes, of shrunken hearts and stunted intellects, of folly, frivolity, and madness. THE POOR NEEDLEW OMEN, "Ho who allows oppression shares the crime." TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,— Your generous opposition to the cruel system which exists in a loudly-professing Christian land, excites inquiry as to where the blame rests, or amongst i whom it is to be divided. Shall we apply tto the tribe of " Moses and Son ?"—(I by no means confine this allusion to "JeWs," though 1 wish in any such case the excellent Chief Rabbi would interfere—know ing that " Christians" are qu it e as b a d) — or th e reck less purchasing people, who care not at the price of what misery they ge t unjustifiable cheapness ? Or (livide it equally betwe en t h em—degrading both—or shaming them into whatever degree of conscience and manliness they are capable of? These consideration's, w hich are very pregnant, and on which I may submit some further remarks, I re• commend to the honest attention of yourself and your readers. I am, Sir, yours obediently, A CAMBRIDGE MAN. Nov. 28, 1849. MANCHESTER TRADE REPORT, DEC. 4.—The general character of the market to-day is that of ex treme quiatude, with a tendency downward. This is in part owing to the non-arrival of the overland mail, now over due, and partly to the inactivity and decline in the Liverpool Cotton Market. Buyers hold off, and sellers are not willing to make those concessions which would alone enable them to effect sales. The only exceptions to this statement are in the narrower widths of shirtings and the finer numbers of yarns, which maintain their value, and for which there is a fair inquiry; but these form inconsiderable items of the business here, and do not invalidate the general characteristics of the market to-day given above. GRATIS VOYAGES TO LIVERPOOL.—A few hours before the Devonshire steamed up to our quay, the old company charged 7s. 6d. a head for passengers to Liver pool; but no sooner was the enemy descried in the dis tance than they struck their colours—down the freights came. First to 2s. 6d.; then to Is.; then to 4d.; next to 2d.; and now, " free gratis fo r nothing," as the sa3ing goes. We have steamers going to Liverpool now all crowded. This time last year wo had but one.- IVctterford News, THE WELSH CHURCH. TO 111 E ED1701: OF 71.1 E SUN. Sirc,—LlandCwi I3reti, in Ca.erdiganshire, was the scene of that important synod which suppressed the Pelagian heresy in the British Church, and at which the venerable Dubricius resigned his archiepiscopal charge into the able hands of St. David. Gwynfardd Brycheiniog, a bard cf the 12th century, sun , the praises of this place as " the supreme of churches," and recorded that on one occasion St. David had preached there to more than 7,000 persons. In the 13th century, Bishop Beck transformed Llanddewi Brefi into a collegiate church, which con• tinued to answer its intended purpose until the ge neral dissolution of monastic establishments. its tythes then became lay property, the annual stipend remaining for its incumbent being only 141. a year, previous to the augmentation of Queen Anne's Bounty. In the year 1697 this living was given to a Mr. Rowlands, and on his death, in 1749, it was added to the livings of Llangeitho and Nant•cwnlle already held by his son, the Rev. John Rowlands. The three euracies were served for many years by this poor pluralist's brother, the Rev. Daniel Rowlands, whose licence to Llangeitho and Nant-ewnlle_ , at a salary of 101. a year, bears date 1735. This Daniel Rowlands was a man of extraordinary ability, of ir resistible elcquence, and almost of apostolic zeal and piety. He found these parishes a neglected wilder ness of ignorance and sin, and with indefatigable industry and indomitable resolution he prosecuted his work as a Christian pastor, until he transformed them into a centre of instruction, and drew thither congre gations, which rivalled and surpassed even those of St. David himself. Mr. Rowland's attachment to the Church of England was durable as his _life, and at tested on his dying bed; but a prelate who could survey with indifference the moral destitution of his diocese, and pass by, unrebuked, the apathy and de linquency of other clergymen, thought proper, about the year 11'63, to manifest his indignation against the unpardonable offence of itinerating among a scat tered population, by depriving Daniel Rowlands of his licence, thus effectually expelling him from the Church of England, after he had executed his minis terial office for nearly thirty years with unparalleled efficiency, and brought thousands of.earnest Welshmen into her communion.. This Episcopal act produced effects upon the Welsh Church, which can only be justly estimated by comparing its present state with that of the Calvinistic, or as they are commonly and appropriately termed, the Welsh Methodists, most of whom, but for that deplorable act, might even now be included within the pale of a popular and prosperous Church Establishment. The present condition of the large parish of Llan ddewi Brefi, of Llangeitho and of Nant-cwnlle, as attested by Government authorities, exhibits, after the progress of nearly a century, the merely local conse quences of that great Episcopal error upon the cure of souls, once held by Mr. Rowlands. In the report of the Commissioners of Welsh Education, appendix C, p. 252, a table of the Sunday-schools of Caerdigan shire, under the head of Llanddewi Brefi, details the following particulars : Established Church Sunday-school, number of scholars, 100.—Calvinistic Methodist Sunday-schools at Abermeurig Chapel Bethesda 2B Teachers, 210 Scholars. Capel Gwnfil Llwyn Groes Peniul Soar Showing that in that parish the Church has 100 Sunday scholars, and that the six Methodist Chapels have 152 teachers, and 868 scholars, or, reckoned to gether more correctly as mutually teaching and taught, 1,020 Sunday-school attendants. As regards the two other parishes served by the Rev. Daniel Rowlands, it appears from the table above referred to, that the Church Sunday-school at Llangeitho contains thirty-five scholars ; and its Calvinistic Methodist Sunday-school five teachers and seventy-five scholars'. that there is no Church Sunday school at,Nant-cwnlle, and that the Calvinistic Metho dist school there contains twenty-three teachers and 110 scholars. The Commissioners' note, at p. 171, remarks as to this place, that " the school held on Sunday in the Methodist Chapel is the only school in the parish at present." It may be right to observe here that the numbers of Dissenting schools and scholars given in the Com missioners' Reports are generally thought in Wales to be considerably under stated. Out of a thousand instances of Episcopal misgo vernment, which have tended to degrade and ruin the Welsh Church, I have thus selected one specimen, to which no personal feeling can attach, because it displays that utter want of sympathy with the tastes and feelings of the people, that stern discouragement of active piety, and that profound ignorance of human nature in its Cambrian form, which have ever marked distinctively, and still continue to mark, the Anglo- Cambrian prelates of our unfortunate Church, of which more in my next letter. I am, Sir, &c., GORBONIAN. ROCHDALE SAVINGS' BANK. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia,—The trustees and the managers of Rochdale bank for savings appear to have honoured themselves with their title, and that's all ! If a simple necessary precaution had been adopted by them the entire con sequence which has followed could not have happened. 'Ehe necessary safeguard would have been this : For a trustee or a manager (both the better) to have regularly attended on a bank-day and taken charge of the " manager's journal," (for such there ought to be). This journal, which contains both receipts and payments, being cast up at the conclusion of the day's business, would show the balance to be paid over to the treasurer ; and it would then be na cessary that the trustee, or the manager, or both, should see that the balance was paid into the trea surer's hands. No cheque should be drawn but by a trustee or a manager upon the treasurer. These necessary precautions having been adopted and uniformly acted upon, no actuary, or any other officer, could commit fraud. But it seems that at Rochdale the actuary had sole control of the bank affairs; not even a paid clerk as check—and, there fore, a wide field was thrown open to him. Until trustees of savings' banks are made by law responsible for frauds of this description, depositors will have no solid assurance that their investments are safe. I am, Sir, yours, obediently, Dec. 4, 1849. A PAID OFFICER. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—I address you on the subject of the recent execution, not with the view of keeping up the discus sion which Mr. Dickens' letter has originated, but to suggest to him what I conceive to be a better method than his own of turning " this dreadful ex perience to some account for the general good." The eloquence of the picture he paints of the scene is less to be admired than the low opinion he seems to entertain of his fellow-creatures is to be deplored. Mr. Dickens is a close observer, and a vivid delineator of what is called the low life of London ; but if his observations in other instances had led to no better result than it has in this, much of it, I am afraid, must have been thrown away. He finds fault with the conduct of the mob, and well he may do so. More or less it has always been disgusting, brutal, and obscene, but does he imagine the abolition of public executions will improve either its taste or mo rality ? I apprehend, ,Sir, that the beings whom he deLounces with so much emphasis, as having the spirits of devils, though wearing the shapes of men, would still be animated by the same morbid feelings, the same vile passions that found vent upon this pain ful occasion ; but give me leave, Sir, to ask him this simple question—Upon whom should rest the blame of all this Mr. Dickens, I am sure, will not dispute with me that the existence of a state of things which admits of the vast majority of 30,000 people wit nessing the violent death of two human beings, not only without pity but with absolute pleasure, indi cates that there is something wrong somewhere. It can hardly be the fault of these people themselves, since their ignorance teaches them no better. The costermonger who screams with delight at the exag gerated and sanguinary incidence of a Victoria melodrama listens 'with impatience to the elegant periods of a Haymarket comedy, and sees, without emotion, a Sadler's Wells' tragedy; but it by no means follows from this that he is devoid of that innate faculty which, when properly developed, enables men to enjoy and appreciate the more elevated beauties of art. Now, may it not be so with these poor wretches whose wicked behaviour has provoked the natural, though warm, indignation of Mr. Dickens ? The tainted atmosphere in which they live and breathe renders them as callous to the awful example of the violent end of a convicted murderer, as it doubtless places them beyond the reach of the higher walks of the drama ; and I cannot help thinking that Mr. Dickens would render his country far more service by directing his attention and abilities to the purification of that moral atmosphere, rather than by uselessly seeking to do away with a grim spectacle, which, however dangerous and horrible it may be, at least possesses this advantage, that it serves as a ba rometer to test the extent of demoralization prevailing amongst the lower grades of society. If Mr. Dickens be really sincere in his wish to purge the metropolis of elements that are as infamous to our common man hood as they are degrading to a nation boasting to be the most civilized in the world, let him at once lend the energy of his great mind, and the industry of his powerful pen, to that small, but determined, band of philanthropists who are seeking to extend the moral education of the people, by agitating a removal of all taxes upon knowledge, whether they be imposed in the shape of an excised duty on paper, or the duty on advertisements, or the tax on foreign books, or the penny stamp on newspapers. Far be it from me, Sir, to advocate an unlimited - - F continuamcc of the gallows, but .1 believe, with one of our most exquisite of living poets, that "The child is father to the man." And while children are allowed to grow up into men, ignorant of everything in the nature of moral or re ligious discipline, and to pursue, unchecked, the bent of their own rude instinctive desires, I am constrained to look upon it as one of those necessary evils which time zud advanced civilization can alone destroy. 1 am, Sir, your obedient servant, ROBERT HOWARD. HEALTH OF LONDON during the WEEK. (From the Registrar-Generafs — Return.) In the week ending last Saturday, the deaths registered in the metropolitan districts were 931. The return continues to show a considerable decrease on the weekly average, which is 1,162, as calculated for increase of population, from the mortality of former autums ; but it exhibits a slight increase on the returns of the five weeks immediately preceding ; (luring the greater part of November the deaths fluctuated between 837 and 893. The increase is apparent in deaths caused by diseases of the respira tory organs; whooping cough carried off 23 children, about double the number of the previous week ; pneumonia 94 persons (of whom 78 were under 15 years of age), being an increase of 12 on the previous week ; asthma, 21, an increase of 9 ; and phthisis 134, an increase of 30. The deaths from all epidemic diseases were 173, whilst the autumnal average is 307. The fatal cases of typhus have declined to 35 ; those of diarrhoea and dysentery were 20; and only 1 death is returned as caused by cholera, and in this case the deceased sank under debility, the consequence of two attacks of the disease which she had suffered previously. She was a women of 27 years, and died in the south-west sub-district of the city of London. A. case is recorded in which the fatal diseases atrophy and icterus were the result of intemperance. Twelve women died after childbirth. In the returns for the weeks ending September 22 and 29 diagrams were published showing the deaths from cholera to every 10,000 inhabitants, in each dis trict of London. A tabular statement is now given showing the mortality from cholera in 58 weeks in each of the sub-districts into which London is divided ; the population of each sub-district, the deaths from cholera to every 10,000 inhabitants, and the number of inhabitants to every death. To take a few examples :--Lambeth contains eight sub divisions :—in Waterloo-road (first part) the deaths to 10,000 of the population were 159 • in Waterloo road (second part) they were 14"; in Lambeth Church (first part) they were 118. These places are in the neighbourhood of the river, but the sub districts which are more remote present more favour able results ; for in Kennington the deaths were 110 to 10,000 inhabitants; in Brixton they were seventy-nine, and in Norwood only seven. Wandsworth and Camberwell also exhibit the greatest contrasts in the comparison of the sub districts into which they are severally divided, the deaths ranging from 17 in 10,000 in Putney to 175 in Battersea, and 182 in Streatham and Tooting; from 5 in Dulwich to 182 in Camberwell (sub-dis trict),ln St. George's, Hanover-square, the Belgrave sub•district, which is of low situation, suffered a mortality of 33 in 10,000, while the average of portions more favourably situated was not more than 8. In St. James's, Bermondsey, the rate of mortality was 208 deaths ; in Rotherhithe 270. The above are some of the general results, but in the table the sub-districts which contain workhouses, hospitals, and other public institutions, are distin guished, as allowance must be made for persons taken into them from other districts, after they had been attacked by the disease. The mean height of the barometer in the week was 29.803 ; the daily mean was above 30 inches on Tues day. The mean temperature of the week was 34 deg. 5 min., and was lower than the average of the same week in seven years by 9 deg. 1 min. On Wednes day the daily mean was less than the average by 17 deg. 5 min. MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS. NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, DEC. 1, 1849. Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ... *173 Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... ... 45 Tubercular Diseases ... 170 Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 118 Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels . 34 Diseases of tho Lungs, and other Organs of Respiration 194 Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs of Digestion... 50 Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. .• ..• ••• 8 Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &v. ••• ••• 12 Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles ••• 8 Diseases of the Skin, &c. 0 Malformations... 8 Premature Birth •• 20 Atrophy ••• ••• ••• ••• 24 Old Age ••• ••• ••• ••• 45 Sudden e• • ••• ••• •• •111 ••• ••• 5 Violence, Privation G . or Intemperance ••• 14 Causes not specified' ••• ••• ••• ••• • 3 DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES ... ... Population Average weekly Deaths Enumerated, Deaths, 1844-8 in the 1841 Five ..tutuunis. Week. West Districts... 301,189 . . 164 ... 147 North Districts.. 376,568 .. 207 ~. 162 Central Districts 374,199 208 151 East Dis►ricts ... 393,067 ... 259 ... 218 South Districts .. 503,346 ... 324 ... .253 Totals... ..... 1,948,369 ... 1,162 ... 931 Maley Fe males ... ... ... ... ... 442 IVI&GAZINES, &c.—(CONTINUED.) BENTLEY. Mr. Robert Bell having already attained one of the highest literary positions as a dramatist, as a tourist, and as an historian, now enters the field as a novelist, and bids fair--if we may judge from the opening chapters of his novel, which appear in the present number of Bentley —to achieve as great a literary triumph in the " Ladder of Gold" :as he has already achieved in " Marriage," " Wayside Pictures," or the " History of the Times of Sir Thomas Fairfax." The " Ladder of Gold" is an English story, the scene of which is laid in an English country village in our own times. Richard Rawlings, who is, we imagine, the intended hero of the tale, is a serving man in a village shop, who cannot but contrast his own abject condition, the slave, the unhappy slave, of a harsh master and a foolish mistress, with that of those who keep him under, and who, as the result of the contrast, perceives that in wealth, and wealth alone, consists their superiority, and therefore deter mines to devote himself, body and soul, to the acqui sition of wealth as the only road to the acquisition of liberty and power. The characters of the shopkeeper Raggles andLhis wife are admirably drawn. Raggles, who has been a scapegrace spendthrift in his youth, becomes a miser in his old age; during his career of dissipation he had avoided marriage as a clog; during his career of avarice he would fain avoid it as an ex• pense. The old man, however, is at length fascinated by the charms of a certain Barbara Flight, a simple minded girl, whose implicit obedience to her mother has won him, and one fine evening he makes a pro posal to Mrs. Flight for her daughter's hand. The following description of his feelings on the succeeding day is admirable : " The next day he didn't' believe a word of it. He was like a man getting up out of a dream, and the day light and its occupations put it all out of his thoughts; and when he set out in the evening to visit Mrs. Flight as usual, he had a feeling of buoyancy, and a gay sort of giddiness in his step, which was new to him, and which was the only token he could detect in himself of any change that had been wrought in him. But when he arrived at the house he suddenly felt himself very sick and tremulous ; and when Mrs. Elight asked him what was the matter, he felt as if his head would fly off, and as if his ears were burning and cracking down to the roots. He supposed that he was ex pected to say something about the evening before, and that the best thing he could say would be something jocose, to turn it all off into a laugh; but the more he tried to think of a joke, the wore he couldn't think of anything but a dismal mist that was before his eyes, dancing up and down like a phantasmagoria. As for Barbara, she was nursing her cat as unconcernedly as if nothing had happen e d, a s p ec t ac l e o f gu il e l ess simplicity which smote him to the heart, and made him feel wretchedly guilty, although he could not tell why or wherefore." He at length marries the gentle Barbara, and a change takes place in the household of the old miser : " When Mr. ltaggles brought home his wife, he found that he did not exactly know what to do with her. lie had made no calculation of the extensive changes which are produced by the appearance of a mistress in the menage of an cld bachelor. While the place Ras new to her, Mrs. Rargles was perpetually running in and out of the rooms, and up and down the stairs, and flirting iuto the shop, and ringing the bells, and ordering the maid of-all-work about, and sending out the shopman on trivial messages, and creating a hubbub and disturbance all day long, that effectually broke up the clock-work routine of the house. Mr. Raggles was fairly taken aback by the extraordinary sprightliness of motion she exhibited ; nor could ho comprehend how that quiet girl, who purred about her mother's little parlour so noiselessly, could have become so troublesome all of a sudden. But Raggles was not a profound man on some subjects, and, least of all, on the philosophy of female character." adcaob ß wl :fee ol sena threergtl hot hhgmiduse-lyeeeblrssiewsyfdeaoher possessions rsn e ali ososrodni some g t eeoo s anul , hntdi ne a idintgu n yhpo d wiaawfo gnarhti after one quarrel completely gt f hti ka e chl ene , ehe pstßwt dies, ap, secreth gci who g fromeeeesfsoutcommun ic ati n g the alyt tha t nnuciestablishment. alnoywwn} eil chniaenof t t att i igl ehmein concealed oapwofolffnhaorwtproihheetms the of Richard, who thus mounts the first step of the ladder of gold. Sylvanus continues his " Bye-lanes and Downs of England," and in his present contribu tion gives us several amusing anecdotes of those by gone heroes of the turf, Frank Buckle, the Chifneys, and William Scott, with some plea sant gossip anent Templeman, Nat, and other first-rate jockies of the present day. The "Note-book of a Coroner's Clerk" is continued, and we have a most powerfully written and thrilling description of the proceedings in a commission de lund tico inquirendo, in which the insufferable arrogance (arrogance, the child ofignorance and pretension,) of the mad doctors, of whom Dr. Quoddutns may be considered as the representative, is admirably shown up, and in which the motives of " those kind rela tives," who are so particularly anxious to shut up their relatives in mad-houses, lest they should dissi pate their property, are laid bare. "This investigation has probably come upon you by surprise," asks the Commissioner to the alleged lunatic. His reply is a conclusive answer to all the twaddle which the Com missioners of Lunacy have published about the care and affection of relatives, &c. :— "No : I was satisfied it would commence the mo ment I ceased to honour the Count's drafts. I have my banker's book with me. My last and final remittance to my kinsman was made, I see, late in May. Early in June following the first step to deprive me of income and liberty was taken. No, sir,—no; lam not sur prised. It is only carrying out into action a motto dear to the: grasping and the desperate—' Give cheerfully and readily; or else I take. " Paul Pindar, on whom the mantle of Isaac Walton seems to have fallen, gives us in his present Piscatory Dialogue an admirable West Country Ballad, " Old Grumbleton," on which the farce of Domestic Economy, now performing at the Adelphi, is founded. Alfred Crewquill gives us some delightful gossip about Loudon and Mrs. Ward a pleasant prolusion anent Porchester Castle. We have divers other papers of more than average merit, in addition to the " Review of the Literature of the Month," in this, the best number of Bentley that has appeared for some months. THE ST. JAMES'S. Edited by J. Bernard Burke, Esq. In the present number Mr. John_flay brings to a conclusion his pleasant "History of Boscobel." Among the most interesting articles in the present number are the report of the trial for murder of Don Pantaleon . Sa, the brother of the Portuguese Am bassador to the Commonwealth, and the following LINES WRITTEN BY SIR TOURLOUGH O'BRIEN, WHILE ABSENT PROM HIS LADY LOVE.—A.D, 1560. (Never before published ) would that I were a voiceless sigh, Floating through air, When thy spirit draws nigh Unperceived I would steal o'er thy cheek of down, And kiss thy soft lips, Unchecked by a frown. " I would I could pass from this living tomb Into the violet's sweetest perfume ; On the wings of the morning to thee I would fly, And mingle my breath With thy sweetest sigh ! " I would that I were a dying tone, To dwell on thy ear, When the music is gone : I would cheer thy heart with my latest breath, And yield thee pleasure, E'en in my death I ":,My heart is bound with a viewless chain : I see no wound but I feel its pain I Loose my fetters and set me free ! Bondage, tho' sweet, has no charms for me. Yet e'en in fetters, my fond heart must dwell Since thy Spirit flits o'er it, And bellows my cell I" and romantic. "Paris and the Parislaw" a criticism on a work of that name, gives a gloomy idea of the politics and an interesting picture of the peculiarities Sponge's Sp ort i ng T our " of the gay city. " Swipe . ) , is continued, as Is also "A Drift-Log on the .Alissis sippi." " The IlabituCs Note-Book" is filled with amusing anecdotes, also concerning Paris. Mr. Francis Ainsworth has contributed an article on " Tyrone and Tyrconnell," which is full of i n t eres t ; but his remarks on the religious difficulties of Ireland in no way Record with our own opinions. The lite rature and theatres of the month receive their wonted consideration. This enumeration sums up the con tents of the New Alonthly for December—a number, on the whole, superior to many of its predecessors. BIRTHS IN THE WEEK. Ma!es ... ... ... ... 668 Females ... ... ... ... ... 623 Total ... ...1.2)1 *ln this number are included 1 case of death by Cholera, 37 by Scarlatina, 35 by Typhus Fever, and 17 by Diarrhoea. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. WARWICK AND LEAMINGTON DECEMBER MEETING.-TUESDAY. A Free Handicap Steeplechase of 5 soya. each, and 25 - added. Three miles. Lord Lurgan's Sobriety, aged, 9st 101 b (Magee) 1 Mr. Land's Sarah Sykes, lOst 41b (Rackley) 2 Mr. Thomas's Nike, 9st 41b (Archer) 3 Mr. Lane's Cabana, 9st 81b Mr. Isaac na Trust•me-not, list 71b (Boyce) 5 Won by a length and a half. Swebpstakes of 5 sovs. each, and 20 added, for two and three yrs old. Half s mile. Lord Strathmore's Secondhand, 2 yrs, sst 71b (Smith) 1 Mr. G. Drewe's Rochester, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (Hiett) 2 Mr. E. Davies's Hebe, 3 yrs, 7st 41b (Sabine) 3 Won by half a length. The Corinthian [Handicap of 5 sous. each, and 20 added, for three yrs old, &c. Gentlemen riders. Once round and a distance. (6 Subs.) Mr. E. R. Clarke's Giselle, 12st 71b...(Captain Little) 1 Lord Strathmore', Spectator, aged, list .. (Owner) 2 Ld Lurgan's Fugitive, aged, lOst 1 Ilb (Mr. Stafford) 3 Mr. Jennings's Subduer, aged, list (Owner) 4 Won by a length. Sweepstakes of 5 sous. each, and 20 added, for three yrs old, &c. Heats, one mile. Lord Lurgan's Patrick, 3 yrs, Est 101 b (J. Evans) 1 1 Mr. G. Drewe's Cybele, 4 yrs. 7st (Drewe, jun.) 3 dis Mr. E. Davies's Hebe, 3 yrs, Est (Hiatt) 2 dr First Heat—Won by three parts of a length. &con Heat—Cybele came in first, but taking the wrong side of a post, the race was given to Patrick. BETTING AT MANCEIESTER.—TUESDAY. LEAMINGTON STEEPLECHASE 6 to 1 agst Vain Elope (taken), 6 to 1 agst British Yeoman, 10 to 1 &gat Chandler, 12 to 1 agst Agitation (taken), 12 to 1 agst Little Fanny (taken), 15 to 1 agst Little Houghton (t). CIIESTER CUP.-50 to 1 egst Peep-o'-day Boy, 50 to 1 agst Essedarius, 1,000 to 15 Idle Boy, LOCO to 15 agst Daindsk, 1,000 to 15 agst Lady Evelyn (taken), 1,000 to 15 agst Cossack (taken). DERBY.-9 to 1 agst Bolingbroke, 15 to 1 agst Italian, 30 to 1 agst John o'Groat (taken). GREAT FLOODS IN THE MIDLAND COUNTIES.— During the last two or three days considerable anxiety has been felt in the midland counties, in consequence of the rapid rise of water in the valley of the Trent, and upon the banks of its tributary streams, owing to the very heavy and incessant rains which fell between Sa turday evening and Monday morning. Never since the Midland Railway was constructed has the flood which periodically encompasses a great portion of its line risen so high in so short a time. and never before has the rush of water in the direction of the Trent stream been so severe. The consequence is that the whole country from the source of the Trent to its junction with the Humber is one vast inland sea, more than 150 miles in length, and occasionally spreading for miles on either side; and on the banks of the smaller streams in Der byshire, Leicestershire, and Staffordshire, it is the same, but to a more limited extent. The effect of all this upon the different lines of railway has been tremendous, causing no little amount of risk to ever train that has passed to and fro, and giving considerable trouble and anxiety to the whole of the company's officials. In the neighbourhood of Burton-upon-Trent, a portion of the embankment was washed down, delay ing some of the subsequent trains for a considerable time; and from Monday morning early until yesterday morning the whole of the traffic upon the Erewash Valley branch was entirely stopped. The broken portions of the embankment have, however, been repaired, the worst being near Langley-mill, and the trains have recom menced running as usual. When all is done, human life is, at the greatest and the best, but like a froward child, that must be played with and humoured a little to keep it quiet till it falls asleep, and then the care is over. —Eliza Cook's Journal. PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 29.—The largest packet ship belonging to Philadelphia, the Tuscarora, a Liver pool liner, went ashore about five miles south of Cape Henlopen, on Thursday night last. She had between 500 and 600 passengers on board at the time, all of whom were landed in safety ; but it is feared that the noble vessel will be lost, as she had bilged, and had ten feet water in her hold, which, at the latest accounts, was fast increasing. NEW MONTHLY. The New Monthly opens with a very interesting article, " Eighteen Months Political Life in Italy," by Mariotti, author of " Italy, Past and Present." Although we do not entirely agree with the senti ments expressed by this writer, our opinions on the subject are, it is unnecessary to say, widely different from those of the editor of the New Monthly, who, in introducing the article in question, observes—" We have no faith in Young Italy, no hope in the possible regeneration of that fallen country. We entertain no animosity against our ancient ally, Austria; but, on the contrary, heartily rejoice in its successes, both in Piedmont and rebellious Hungary. Charles Albert, in our opinion, deserved his losses, and the victorious achievements of gallant old Radetzky were matter of triumph to us." While he entertains such sentiments as these, the insertion of Mariotti's article by the editor of the New Monthly is an instance of singular liberality. " Our political bias," he says, "is widely different from that of M. Me rlotti. But this shall not prevent him from having a fair hearing. An Italian, he is qualified to discuss Italian questions. A sincere man, he is entitled to respectful consideration. Fearless, earnest, eloquent, he is certain to command attention, even from those who, like ourselves, differ from him altogether in opinion." The article thus commended is written with much spirit. The various vicissitudes of the Italian peninsula during the last eighteen months are described with vivid and startling effect, while the patriotism with which the whole is suffused gives it a double interest. "No man," says this Italian writer, " who wasnot born in Italy or Poland, or in any other country fallen to the same depth of misery, can form an idea of the bitter humilia tion the subjection of his country bears with it. It deadens a man's heart to all other political considerations." And in another place, alluding to the submission of the Italians to Austrian arms, it is remarked, with a mournful emphasis, " Too truly ! there is something in the tramp of Austrian batta lions that sounds like Fate in Italian ears." Never theless, the article concludes with an earnest exhor tation against despair for Italy. " Ryde Regatta" is an amusing tale of " yachting. freaks." " The Cor delier of Sisteron," by Dudley Costello, is horrible AINSIVORTH S. " Guy Fawkes " has now reschtd its most inte resting point. One of Cruikshank's illustrations gives a fearful glimpse of " Guy Fawkes and the other con spirators alarmed w hil s t di gg i ng t h e m i ne. " A mong the best contributions to this number is a brief sketch by Rowsell " the Schoolmaster." The " Proposed Exhibition of 1851 " is considered, and a number of amusing fictions fill up the remainder of the magazine. TILE FARMERS'. Two beautifully engraved portraits of " a cart horse," the property of Mr. John Coulson, and " a short horned bull," the property of Mr. William Todd, which severally obtained prizes at the Norwich agricultural show, form the pictorial contents of the Farmers' Magazine. In the literary ch partment, in addition to the customary variety of agricultural in telligence, we are glad to find in the Farmers' Ma gazine, a reprint of the admirable letters on " Labour and the Poor," which have appeared in the Morning Chronicle, and also a beautiful poem from Eliza Cook's Journal, " The Holy Well." THE ECLECTIC REVIEW. With the present number of the Eclectic Review Dr. Price resigns his editorship of that journal. In his farewell address he states that he has held that office for thirteen years, and that he had hoped to re tain it till the end of his life, but his ill-health has disappointed this hope. The new editor, in his ad dress, promises to follow in the steps of his pre decessor, and at the same time to introduce a few beneficial alterations in the arrangement of the Review. Of these we shall in all likelihood have future occasion to speak. To the retiring edit6r we gladly tender our cordial felicitations on the admirable manner in which he has fulfilled his trust. The Eclectic Review, under his direction, has maintained a high place among our monthly periodicals —a place eminently due not only to the ability so frequently displayed by its contributors, but to the manly in dependence and genuine liberality of tone which have continually characterised its contents. We heartily desire for the new editor the same discrimination, the same unflinching independence, and the same success which have been the portion of his predecessor. TILE MIRROR. The present is the last number of this the oldest of the cheap periodicals, the pioneer of Chambers', the Penny Magazine, et hoc genus onine. From the ashes of the departed v.ill arise, phoenix like, on the Ist of January, a new monthly periodical to be en titled " The London Review." THE SPORTING REVIEW. The illustrations of the Sporting Review con sist of the ‘‘.Neasdon Harriers," Marksman, Boaster, and Bonny-13.11, and "An Ardent Admirer," aspirited glimpse of a fox, eagerly watching some ducks dis porting on the -rnatgin of a stream. Among the literary contents is an interesting article on " Pace andlits Effects," by Harry Hieover, from which we take the following remarks : " Persons not conversant with such matters would very naturally suppose that nothing can be easier than for a person to judge of the pace he is going, whether it be on the road, across a country, or on the flat ; but the fact is, pace is a very difficult thing to be a g,'•od judge of. We will suppose a novico to get on a race-horse in the middle of a down, and be told to gallop him at a certain pace to a certain object a mile and a half or two miles a head, what has he whereby to judge of the pace he is going at ? The celerity with which which he seers to pass over the ground will certainly tell him whether he is going twelve miles an hour or twenty, but it would tell the novice little more than this ; and I am quite certain I would put him on one horse when he should fancy he was going at the rate of twenty miles an hour whe❑ he was only going at that of fifteen ; I would then change his horse, and he should feel certain he was only going the fifteen when he was really going the twenty. This renders a head lad, who is a good judge of Pace, so invaluable in a training stable the riding-boys after him can pretty well judge the pace they are at, by seeing how far the other horses are ex• tended ; but the head lad has nothing but practice, the lid of his horse, and a c, vain sensation, I may call it, h:mself, that tells him accurately the pace be takes them along. • U We will suppose we see a person in a gig with his reins in one hand, and that within six inches of the splash-board or dash. If he has a free horse I think, I will venture to say, his whip is stuck behind him to show what an out-and-out nag he has; for es to a whip ever being used as an additional signal or aid to the hand, it is a thing he never contemplates, his only idea being that its use is to thresh a horse if ho does not go fast enough ; but should he keep it in his dexter to ho ready for the last named purpose he either holds it in the position of :a toasting fork or in that of the God knows-what-it's-called, that is placed on the Lord Mayor's coach as the insignia of office. His seat (1 should rather say mode of sitting) is on the front edge of the cushion in a position that leads us to suppose he is avoiding a teupenny nail rising through and coming in contact with his person, his heels touching the heel board, for which he concludes it is put there. If such a man, unfortunately for the horse, has a good goer, my life on it he is going fourteen miles an hour, that is as long as he can ; and if, vice versa, he has one that can not manage eight, if he finds another carriage coming along ut a wager-rate pace, he begins plying the whip to present his getting the go.by. This all arises from his knowing nothing of the pace his horse is going, if at the rate of fifteen miles an hour, ho is not aware that he is doing so ; conscquently, if ho has a twenty-mile stage before him, he lets him go at the some pace that he might do from Hyde-Park Corner to Turnham-green; and, supposing him going that road, is greatly sur prised if when he comes to Longford he finds his horse fall off in pace ; if be is a humane man he allows the nag to finish his stage at his own pace, fearing some thing is amiss with him ; and on arriving at Salt Hill, when he finds he will not feed, he cannot account for it. Thus do horses suffer from men who are not judges of pace. We will now suppose another case ; that is, of the carriage I have alluded to coming up to such a driver as I have particularised ; he bas, we will say, an animal that could not get over nine miles of ground within the hour, if ho was flayed alive in the endeavour to make him do it; seeing the other carriage at his side, he is not judge enough to see by the action of the rival nag, or by the invisibility of the spokes of the wheels of the rival carriage, the pace it is going. He whips his own Dob bin, thinking a little more exertion will save the igno miny of being left behind ; lie has no idea of the enor mity of difference in point of going there is between nine and fifteen miles an hour. They say no one knows what he can do till he tries ; our driver tries what his horse can do, flogs him, he breaks into an awkward cantor, he pulls him in, hits him again, again he can ters, he snatches at his horse's bit, the nag does not know whether he n.eans that ho is to increase the pace in the canter or to trot ; so by the time the other carriage is out of sight our driver has so con fused his horse that it would take a coachman a couple of miles to get him to settle to the best trot he was capable of. This dilemma, it will be seen, solely arose from want of being able to judge of the pace the passing horse was going at, and of that his own had action to accomplish." THE UNITED SERVICE. The United Service Magazine opens with the commencement of an article on a subject of very general interest, " The Recent Arctic Expeditions." For the benefit of those cautious persons who deride the expedition for its seeming impracticability we quote the following very judicious remarks:— " Regarding therefore the problem of the North-West Passage as a matter of science, and allowing it little weight as a practical object of commercial navigation, we are inclined to consider it as by no means barren of great moral consequences, and as be fitting the character of a great maritime nation. If we were to appreciate the value of geographical discovery generally by the amount of physical benefit it confers upon the species, we should find perhaps that it holds but a low place in the scale of the arts of life. The discovery of America, and of the modern passage to India, have added little to the condition of the mere physical man. Men are by no means more virtuous, and probably in no degree hap pier, because they command the spices of India or the tobacco of America. The wants of man are rather relative than absolute; the luxuries of India would never have been coveted, had they never been enjoyed. But the discovery of America, and the facility of reaching India, were events which conferred immense advantages upon mankind. Society has gradually but steadily been exal'ed in the scale of being, not because these dis coveries lin navigation have pampered the fastidious appetite with costly viands, or modified and changed the culinary propensities of man; but because his moral nature has thereby been more fully developed, because his energies have thereby found 'resh food for employ. ment, and his functions and capabilities more ample means of use and exercise. The opening of a new world awoke a fresh source of dormant energy in man, the sphere of his existence became expand e d, hi s mora l stature was exalted, and his mental hori zon ex t en d e d beyond its ancient limits. Thus is it with this long vexed problem of the North-West Passage, which has perhaps done for geography and navigation what alchemy accomplished for chemical science, or what the vain search for the philosophers stone and perpetual motion effected for medicine and mechanics. Though the problem itself may never be entirely solved, and although nothing that has been accomplished leads us to hope that we are nearer attaining our object, still it has already rewarded its followers with important benefits. Naval energy has received a series of impulses which will not fail in due season to produce ample fruits; the spirit of enterprise has been awakened, end the love of knowledge and ad venture, has been disseminated: men have been taught to a truggla with tho stern And tovere diugaro - 411 Bored winter, aud to regard pith an unflinching a' dauntless spirit, the storms, the snows, audieppallag dangers of the north." Tile " Hungarian Campaign" is ancluded in a I spirit with which, it is needless to say, we heartily sympathise. " That Hungary," says the writer-OX the United Service," 14 ill yet have der day of bution is as sure as that the sun of shines is Heaven. The empire of Austria as L V44.09- 1 ' , 4 PP i r stituted is, and h as long been becomiag,4*-110.oesi - bility. Based up on political and social fraud. and - violence, no empire of such heterogeneous elements ever held long together, even under a more fagourablo limitation of the human mind than that of the present century." THE JOURNAL OF DESIGN. We have repeatedly commented on the elegance and excellence of the pictorial and pen-and-ink con tents of the Journal of Design. The perusal of such works is eminently calculated to exalt the taste and, consequently, to add to the comfort of the do. inestic circle. As a specimen of this property of the Journal of Design, we quote the following passage : `• It is by no weans an easy matter for people occupy ing the usual run of town houses, consisting of dining room, study, front and back drawing-rooms, to know what to du with their 'art properties.' There are but few people in the middle rank 01 life who do net now possess some of these matters. " Let us imagine, in addition to all his furniture, that a man's stock consists of 4 dark-looking old familypor traits, in handsome frames; 6 modern brightly-painted ditto, in handsome gilt frames; 3 „ great unwieldy old pictures, so-called Luca Giordanos, Snyders, Porepcio Battonis, &e.; 4 good old pictures, deck, and rather heavy in colour; 9 odds-and-ends in oil, some good, some bad; 10 engravings, consisting of 2 Landseers, 1 Frank Stone, 2 utter Raphael, 1 Una and the Lion, 1 portrait of the Queen, 1 of the Duke of Wellington, 1 desk old Woollett after Claude, 1' angelic Guido head; 6 or Ei water-colour drawings, all pretty good; and some dozen miscellaneous things in frames, being partly old samplers, black silhoucttes, children's drawing-dtaster drawings, &c.. "Now we have supposed a by no means uncommon collection, but one which it is by no means an easy task to fittingly dispose of. However, kt us try. We should begin by bringing into the dining-room all the portraits, incheling that of her Majesty and the Iron Duke. We should not bring in any of the other pictures, since they would load the room, and be seen probably by candle light only. We should not admit either of the three unweildy pictures into any of the living rooms, since they would infallibly make them look small; but we should hang the best in the entrance-hall, the second+ best halfway up the stairs, and send the worst up to tha second-floor landing. The Una and the Lion we should send up to the spare room, since it is only occupied now and then; the Frank Stone print would suit the bedroom of the lady of the house; the Guido head the dressing room of the proprietor; the two Landseers, the Raphael', and the Woollett, the study; the miscellanea, the nursery and the bedrooms; the water-colour drawings, the front drawing-room. There arc then left only some thirteen oil pictures to dispose of. We should send the three worst up to the spare bedroom for reasons aforesaid, and hang the remaining ten all in the back drawing-room, which we should fit up as a comfortable room to sit in of winter evenings, warmer and more cheerful than the larger room; being lofty in proportion to its size, and lit by a pendant lamp (one of Messengers' or Winfield's), the pictures would be well seen, and with small book cases, &c., R ould pretty nearly cover the walls. For several reasons we should not put our oil pictures into the front drawing-room. In the first place, they would interfere too much with the lines of the paper-hanging or decoration; in the second, they would only look blacker from contrast with the large masses of light tint about them; in the third, they would appear probably as holes in the wall unless the entire attention was con centrated upon them, unmindful of the general effect of the room, the object of primary importance; and in the fourth, from the sizo of the room, and their distance from the central point of illumination at night, they could not fail to look dark and uncomfortable and im perfectly lit up. One other most important reason for excluding them is that they would, from their size, heavy flames, and striking tints, necessarily so approach' the eye as to materially diminish the apparent size of the room, an effect that would be almost completely neu tralised by massing a number together, as we should have done in our back drawing-room. Having now dis posed of all our properties,' and so got over this puns asinorum of our own erection, we must leave the further record of our 'experiences' until a future time, when nous reviendrons it nos moutons egares, and to the dining room and its fittings•up." The utility of this periodical to the artist and artizma is too obvious to need exemplification. MISCELLANEOUS. The Land we Live In is this month occupied with " North Wales," illustrated by many pictorial em bellishments, one of which (the frontispiece) is a beautiful view of Lianberis.— The History of Eng land during the Peace has now reached the year 1843. This number contains an engraving of Sir Thomas Lawrence's beautiful portrait of Earl Grey. We shall notice the work more at length on its con clusion.—The National Library of Select Literature gives the fifth part of Dr. Kitto's celebrated " Bible History." Tbis edition is beautifully printed, and well " got up," as, indeed, are all the publications of Mr. Knight.—Chambers's .Library contains " Gostick's German Literature," and Chambers's Journal is as diversified and interesting as usual. The present number contains an excellent article on "Juvenile Crime and Destitution," and an interesting summary of the very various scones at different peri o d s w i tnesse d i n the Elysee Nationale.— The Colonial Magazine h as art i c l es on the "Af r i can Squadron"—" Banking in Indi a "—" Th e A ng l o - Indian Army"—and other subjects of colonial infor mation and interest. Of a similar character is the Colonial Church Chronicle.—The Church of England Magazine we have repeatedly mentioned as containing an excellent series - of reading for the sevaral Sundays of the month, including several sermons by Church of England divines.—lt is hardly fair to dismiss such elaborate works as the Patent Journal and the London Repertory of Patent Inven tions with a mere allusion to their contents: They are well worthy of consideration, both on the part of artizans and amateurs.—The Me• tropolitan is, for the most part, filled with tales and short poems.—The Belle Assembles main tains that character for excellence and variety which Mrs. Crosland has been so instrumental in obtaining. for it.—Le Follet is still the most graceful illustra tor of the fashions.--A new periodical, entitled the .Merchant Taylors' Magazine, which has attained its fifth number, contains a history of Lord Clive (who was educated at Merchant Taylors'), and a smart ar ticle on poetry and poetasters, called " A New Cure for an Old Disease."—Frank Fairlegh has reached. the twelfth number, which is embellished with two startling illustrations by Cruikshank.—The Family Herald is, as usual, entertaining and instructive. — Those who have read Mrs. Crosland's interesting tale of " Toil and Trial," will find much pleasure in perusing, in the People's Journal, an account of a. visit to Morley's establishment, which appears to be admirably constituted so as to form a home to those. employed in it. Besides a continuation of his "Texts` from Jean Paul," Parson Frank has contributed to this journal a delightful essay on Wordswortb's " Lucy." At the half-yearly meeting of the Grand Junctio4 Canal Company, held yesterday, a dividend was declared at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum, leaving 1,4131. to be carried to the rest. The tonnages of the hall-year ending the 30th of June last were stated to have amounted to 40,6961. (being 2,6091 more than in the corresponding six months of the preceding year), and thel entire report, confirming as it did the anticipations lately held out of the possible revival of canal traffic, was: received by the shareholders with satisfaction. CHARTERSIIALL DISTILLERY.—We regret to states that an accident occurred at this distillery at an early hour on Monday morning last, which resulted in the loss of nearly 600 gallons of whisky. It appears that the lower hoop of one of the vats, in which there were about 700 gallons, had burst, and a leakage to such an extent was the consequence that nearly the whole contents were drained off before it became known that anything was wrong.— Stirling Journal. An EEL OF RESPECTABLE SIZE.—An eel was caught in the Conan, near the mouth of the river, a few days ago, of an unusual size. When deprived of head and entrails, it weighed no less ,than 32Ibs. This sea serpent, on a small scale, occasioned considerable trouble to its captors. CAPTAIN MANBY.—On Wednesday last, the 28th instant, Captain Manby entered into his 85th year, on which occasion he presented his usual annual contri bution of 51. to the Yarmouth Hospital, as an ex pression of gratitude to Providence in extending his life to so great an age. The weather being very incle ment, he distributed an abundant supply of soup, meat, and bread to several indigent families in his neigh bourhood. In proof of the vigour of this venerable man's faculties, i t m ay be stated that he has been for some time in correspondence with the Scientific Select Committee of the Ordnance, by direction of the Master• General of that department, that committee being to report on his suggestion for giving a range to cannon much greater than it is possible for the present system to produce, by apply ing the same principle to artillery which is admitted to be so great an improvement to modern fowling pieces, viz., exploding the charge at the centre instead of at the top of the cartridge. By this system a very great sav ing of gunpowder will also result, as well as danger be avoided to the man who loads the gun.—/Verfolat Chronicle. A RELIC OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. — There was found by the workmen employed in repairing the Abbey of Jedburgh, a few days ago, a relic of the olden times, being a docquet or token of Pope Gregory the obverse having his name, and the reverse bearing the head of St. Peter and his own. The token, it is evident, had been appended to a rescript or bull, or other formal document issued by the said Pope Gregory during his pontificate, by its having an aperture in it to attach a thread of gimp or other strong material to the docu ment which had accompanied it. The medal seems to be a compound of lead and tin, and is in a capital state of preservation, considering the long time it has lain among the ruins of the abbey.—Bcrwich and Kelso Wa,rdcr. LA PLATA.—There are a few days later aflvices from Buenos Ayres in Liverpool, but no, news of PI importance. I I 3 de Wii litto; hire, Hilt, 'rini iton; ;heel and. were the I 11111 Li be. irtle were ["Cu. Ma- ►bicdy :apid, , 1 ,.. d 1 .. 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