The Sun. — London, England, 1841-07-07 00:00:00

EVENING SUN also, that be the causes what they may, considerable distress prevails over a large portion of our land, has visited many classes of its inhabitants, and affected many branches of labour —(Hear, hear.) The practical question, then, for you and the people is; what is to be done ?—( Hear, hear.) If you, the gentlemen opposite, will have nothing to say to our doings, what will you do yourselves ?—(Cheers. ) It is upon this sim ple question—upon this plain issue—that up to th e . present moment, whether in Parliament or on the hustings, in speeches or in addresses, no shadow of an intimation—no creek of light has been suffered to fall.—(Hear, hear.) The great oracle of Tamworth has indeed again spoken, but no inti mation of the future has issued from the shrine.—(Cheers and laughter.) Stress has been lail on the disturbed condition of several foreign countries, as affording a clue to the depression of your domestic industry. Well, but what if the disturbed relations of these countries with us and with each other should not mend,—what if they should continue—what if they should even increase ?—( Hear, hear.) Hostility is deprecated with America. I echo from my heart that philanthropic prayer, but I wish to devise new an I addi tional guarantees for the harmony of nations.—( Loud cheers.) We have enough of fancied and trivial causes for war. Give real and solid motives for keeping peace.—( Cheers.) 'I fear that peace will never be long secured by the arguments of phi losophers, or by the rear oning of political economi-ts, or by the praises of poets, or evenl fear, as the world goes now, by the precepts of divines. We can't make the lion lie down with the lamb, but we may create a profitable trade between the n oollens of Leeds and the sugars of the tropics. We can't make mankind beat their spears into ploughshares, bat we can exchange the" steel of Sheffield for the harvests of Poland, and the flour of America.—(Loud cheers.) I believe states men will never be so safe as when they act upon general and comprehensive principles.—( Hear, hear.) I believe that our most effectual way of putting an end to the slave trade which We are charged with encouraging, will be by proving to the slave-owner that the labour of slaves is dearer than the labour of free men.—( Hear, hear.) I believe that the best mode of banishing from the world the scourge of war, is to make all countries wish for each other's goods, and gain by each other's welfare.—(Cheers.) Commerce, which is sometimes made the subject of a sneer, is not in itself civilization—is not in itself Christianity, but I believe it is destined in a great degree to be the channel and pioneer of both.—( Loud cheers.) But, Gentlemen, I was saying that we have at least this advantage over our opponents, that while both confess the difficulty, we do suggest a remedy.—( A cry of " What is it ?") I will tell you. We did not stand with our arms folded before us waiting to see what would turn up next, hoping that the banks of North America will correct their circulation, or that the blockades of South Ame rica will he brought to an end. —( Hear, hear, and laughter. ) What is it then that we do propose? We have made no secrets of the measures we have brought forward. The deficiency in the public revenue has been acknowledged to be greater than any possible reduction of the putaic expenditure could succeed in meeting.—( Hear, hear.) The distress also which prevails in various parts of the country, and the depressed state of the market for your labour and industry, bring obvious and being admitted, it is our wish to supply the deficiency without adding to the distress.—( Loud cheering.) We thought we could not do this by additional taxation, because we conceived that a small addition of taxes would be likely to fail again, as it failed last year in supplying the deficiency which then existed—( Cheers )—and because we thought that a large addition of taxes could not be carried into effect with out, perhaps, in 'a considerable degree, adding further to the ex isting distress, trenching further on the already burthened and labouring industry of the country, and driving capital still further from our shores.—( Hear, hear.) It then appeared to us, Gentlemen, that the high price which articles paying duty on their entrance into this country, and entering largely into general use, bore in the market, put them out of the reach of a comparative number of the whole body of the consumers.— ( Hear.) We therefore wish to cheapen and steady the duties levied on these articles, hoping ihat we should put a far larger supply of them within the reach of all classes and all interests, and that by these means we might collect a larger and a more secure permanent income, if the articles were made at once more cheap and more plentiful, than could be raised from the same articles, paying indeed ahigher duty, but limited in their quantity, and in their consumption. Ido not believe that the calculations on which we founded our expectations of arriving at this result, have ever been successfully found fault with. On the contrary, when we say how small an increase to the general consumption would remedy the present deficiency, our opponents turn round upon us and say, what a small benefit you propose to the people.— ; ( Hear, hear.) But I believe that the relaxation of the re strictiors which we have proposed with reference to sugar, to timber, and to corn, and the other articles to which we wish to extend the same principles—(Cheers)—would not only in a short time have remedied the existing deficiency, but would in all probability have enabled Us at no distant day, to repeal other burdens obnoxious to the people, and injurious to their industry.—( Loud and continued cheering.) We say that if you do not accept our mode of relief, you have no other prospect of mitigating the present distress, hilt by submitting to the necessity of imposing new taxes. I do not wish to put forth any predictions of my own as to what our plan will do, but w hen we say what we are prepared to do, and ask our opponents what they can do instead, why, then, they tell us—nothing.— ( Hear, hear.) The Parliament rejected our measures. Well, then, we might have acted on the hint, and taken that hostile decision as a signal for our dismissal from the Government. But as we had brought forward these measures, for what we thought to be the people's interest, and as we conceived them to be the people's concern more than our own, we thought it right that we should not consign the people, as our opponents would do nothing, to no better prospect than to their too shadowy hopes and their too palpable _taxation.—( Loud cheers.) We determined at least that the question should not be decided without a struggle.—(Hear, hear.) In that struggle we are now engaged—to the people the appeal is now made, and from you the decision must come. The Government and the party to which I belong have struck to the ground other monopolies before.—(Cheers.) There has scarcely been a year in their Ministerial career which is not marked by some great abuse overthrown, and by some baneful restriction extirpated.— ( Cheers.) We have now come for ward to attack what I call the monopoly of the purse ; and, gentlemen, although the struggle may be more violent and more desperate than any of its predecessors, yet even, gentlemen, with all the boasting of our opponents, the death-cry of this monopoly is on the gale.—( Great cheering.) The Govern ment may fall in the high and generous attempt, but I believe it has already passed on the watchword which will be the ral lying cry of the contest, and the crowning shout of our triumph. —( The Noble Lord retired amidst enthusiastic and prolonged cheering.) CITY OF DUBLIN NOMINATION. MONDAY.—The nomination took place this day. La early as nine o'clock the street before the Court-house was thronged by an anxious crowd. Within the Court two side galleries were densely crowded, it having been arranged that the friends of O'Connell and Hutton should have tickets of admission for one, whilst the other was appropriated for the friends of West and Grogan, the Tory candidates. It soon appeared, how ever, that the Tories were admitted to both galleries, arid that only a few of the O'Connellites were permitted to enter that set apart for them ! This monstrous and dishonest trickery was remarked upon by Mr. Reynolds, who remonstrated with the Tories, but he was answered only by hootings and laugh ter. Mr. Pierse Mahony then addressed them from the bench, and the Sheriffs also remonstrated, but in vain. During all this time a scene of dreadful uproar prevailed in the court, in the midst of which Mr. O'Connell appeared on the bench. At ten o'clock Mr. Hutton (R), Mr. West (T), and Mr. Grogan (T), appeared on the bench. The writ having been read, Mr. ARABIN, of Corkagh, rose to propose Mr. O'Connell. Mr. ItEttLy, a tradesman , rose tosecond the nomi na ti on . Mr. GEORGE ROE, merchant, rose to propose Robert Hut ton, Esq., one of their late Members. Mr. RICHARD O'GORMAN, merchant, seconded the nomi nation. The Lord Mayor (Sir J. K. JAMES) rose to propose John Beatty West, Esq., Q.C. Colonel Jou NSON s econded th e nomination. Mr. ROBERT SMITH rose to propose Edward Grogan, Esq. Sir GEORGE COCKBURN, the ex-revolutionist and Cob bettite, rose to second the nomination. Mr.' O . CONNELL here presented himself, and was received with enthusiastic cheers, which were continued for several minutes. lam very sorry, said he, for one thing. lam ex ceedingly sorry for one thing, and that is that you did not hear the old General's speech.—(Hear, and laughter.) I heard him speak when he was not so old a soldier as he is now, and when he was quite on the other side, and .I really do not know whether he was better upon our side than he is upon yours.— (Hear, hear.) We had him a great while with us, and while there was any good in him, and now I make a present of him, with all my heart, to the opposite party.—( Hear, and cries of " Oh, oh.") So much for the poor old General.—( Laughter, and cries from the Tories, " That is p.rsonal.") That is not personal. (An Orangem an i n the gallery, " No, not from you.") No, Sir, nor fi om y ou e i th e r. —(Laughter.) You . have got him—keep him. Surely you are not angry with me because I am making a present of him to you.—(Laughter. I now come to another subject_ ) General COCKBURN—There is only one point I would cor rect— Mr. O'Co s NEL L — Oh ! do not corre c t me at all, b ut s i t down there, General.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) I am, gentlemen, I say, sorry for this Contest . l am sincerely sorry for this contest.—( Hear, from the Tories.) you may t hap, sorry for it because I ca p, suppose that lam defeat.—( Cheers fromtheTories.) Well, now, have I r l' ot e (Hear.) Now is it not sin? But it is on this account that I regret it. I.am sincer e l y sorry to be obliged, and I do it very reluctantly, to protest against the injustice of the she - iif of the city of Dublin.— (Hear, hear.) In the first place he has not consulted, a s he ought to have done, the two parties as to ment of an assessor. I object too to the thedis th tr e ib a ti p r oin distribution of booths. I say that there has been no justice done to us in any one thing.—(Hear.) One would think that the Tories were already in power, and that injustice was the rule, and partiality the order of the day.—( Loud cheers.) I now come to what is my second reason for being sorry for this contest. The old corporation is on its last legs.—( Hear, and laughter.) It is not dead yet—it h as only got an apo plectic stroke—(Laughter)—but it will end in the month of October next. Why, said Mr. O'Connell pointing to the chein which Sir J. Kingston James wore as Lord Mayor, that is a very b eau tif u l c h a i n —(L aug ht er )— an d, if t h ey w ill o nly leave it to us , I h ave a eot i on o f sport i ng t h at c h ain myse lf . A ery from an Orangeman : " Don't you wish you may get it ? r ' Mr. O'Coaratera. continued—Yes, I do wish I may get it.— (Laughter and cheers.) I want you to assist me to rescue your country and mine from the domination of a party. I want you to rescue it from the domination of any other than the legitimate Monarch of these realms.—( Great cheering.) May God bless her—( Renewed cheers.) lam a Repealer. lam here in a dress of Irish manufacture, which, I hope, I will yet see worn by one hundred Lords and three hundred commoners in College-green.—(Loud cheering.) All any life since the union was passed I have been a decided enemy of it—(Cheers)—and many of you know that the first political speech I ever made was against that Union.— (Cheers.) And now, after forty-one years of agitation, what , is the case? Take up any speech of mine—and I have made more speeches than any living man, in every species of temper, and at every time, and in every season of the human frame ex cept drunkenness, for I never was drunk, and I am now a tee totaler—l Spoke in moments of triumph, when victory is apt to make a man incautious. I have spoken in momentsof defeat, ashen anger is likely to make a man virulent—l have spoken in every temper of mind, and I call on you to point out any phrase in any speech of mine inconsistent with the principles of civil and religious liberty, and toleration to persons of all religious denominations. (Loud cheers.) We are now supporting the Government against Toryism ; but do you think I will on that account go into Parliament_to give my indiscriminate support to the Whigs, and to permit them to hold on in their career without doing full and sufficient jus. tics to Ireland ? No. I will drive the Ministry. The terror of Tory domination has put me in their ranks hitherto; lam something like Paddy's hat, when the pane was broken, and he had not another to replace it, he put his hat into the window not to let in the light, but to keep out the cold.—(Laughter.) lam before those who have been my constituents hitherto. and who, I hope, will be so again.—(loud cheers.) And I declare to them solemnly and unequivocally, that if the people respond to the Queen's Ministers, the Queen's Ministers must respond to all the calls of the people.—( L ou d c h eers. ) B ut I -wish t o b e understood, thatwhet..er they respond to it o r not , yet la m st i ll for repeal. I never mitigate o give up my efforts for r e p ea l .— tI aoskbey u o u o r d evtostteosoati, thatra R e l p e a er refuse; but, at the s ame t i me, I wisfa ' no man's vote that is not a Repealer. --(Cries of " Hear, hear.") I do not want any man in Dublin to vote for me without know ing that I am a decided enemy to the Corn-laws. I want that the poor weavers' wives should not be obliged to share the slice of bread, already too small for their children, with the aristo cratic landlord.—(Hear, hear, and cheers. )- I am fin: cheap - bread, and lam also for cheap sugar, for cheap coffee. I wish to have everything as cheap as we can get it.—( Hear, and loud 1 cheers.) lam one of those who are anxious for the abolition of slavery, and I can tell you that free-grown sugar can be produced much cheaper than from any slave states. If the plan which I had propesed for the admission of sugar from the free labour continues, you would have sugar one-third cheaper than it is at present. let - no man vote for me who is for dear b-ead let no man vote for me who is for dear sugar let no man vote for me who is for rear coffee ; but let every conscientious man who wishes to feed the hungry, to give means for clothing the naked, for giving ar ticles.to all at the cheapest rate, give me his support.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) And again, lam for cheap timber.— (Hear, hear:) Many a respectable man is obliged to pay a heavy duty for Baltic timber, in order to support a mono poly in favour of the Canadas.—( Hear, hear, and cheers.) The Ministry are for taking the duty off Baltic timber— the Tories, of course, are against it; but I may speak for myself at least, and I hereby engage myself to vote for taking the duty off Baltic timber and all other timber whatsoever.-(Cheers. ) I detest taxation, and I will ever make it my practice to strike off as many taxes as I possibly can. The question now is one between our Queen on the one hand, and her enemies the Tosies on the other. The Tories are for dear bread, dear su gar, and dear coffee. " Oh," say they, the knaves ! "do not injure any man's interest." " Nay," say I, " dare not injure the people of Ireland."—(Cheers.) There is my an swer to the monopolists. West and Grogan talk of all they will dn .for ybu—will they extend the franchise? No—they .Will they support household suffrage ? No, they won't. I will do it.—(Cheers.) Will they extend the right of suffrage ' to permanent lodgers ? Ah, believe me, no ; for well I ween they know how little chance they wouldhave against me if such a measure were passed. I am, and ever have been, the ad vocate of giving.the privilege of voting to every man of unsul lied character who may have attained the age of twenty-one years, provided that he have a fixed local habitation. Every true Reformer throughout the wide expanse of all England is for the Ballot. lam for short Parliaments—three years was the time fixed at the time of the Revolution, and I consider that it is quite sufficient.—( Cheers ) lam with those who are foc . the extensien of liberty all over the globe—for the ex.. tension of the franchise—for the protection of tenants from the persecution of their landlords; and the conferring of the right of voting on aU honest men.—( Cheers. ) Yes, I pro claim it from this spot, in order that all Reformers worthy the name may 1101.7 rally with me against the combined attack of the physical force Chartists on the one hand, and the slavish anil bribing Tories on the other.—(Hear, hear, and cheers. ) Yes, this is, indeed, a noble and a glorious struggle in Which we are engaged. We have not had the Whigs suffi ciently with us heretofore, but they will now be with us joining issue with the people, and made strong by the irresisti ble co-operation of the masses.—( Cheers.) 'the time for the battle has now indeed arrived—great and glorious objects are at stake—this is, as the Frenchman said, " only the beginning of the end." I rejoice in having a heart to be on the side of the people in such a struggle. We live under a virtuous Queen —the only Monarch of the House of Brunswick that was a friend to the people of Ireland.—(Loud cheers.) lam her de voted subject, and I will do my duty to her by putting down factions— making Ireland the securest foundation of the British throne.—( Cheers. ) It may be said that lam forgetting Irish manufacture.—(" Hear, hear," and cheers.) Mr. West had said he was as good a supporter of Irish manufacture as I. If he was, we never heard of it. For my own part I never wear anything but Irish manufacture.—( Hear. ) A voice in the gallery—ls your handkerchief Irish manu facture ? Mr. O'CoNNELL—Yes, and my coat, and the man that is in it too.—( Laughter and cheers.) Succeed er fail, the struggle will be my reward. lam not looking for office. My Friend (Mr. Reilly) said I refused the office of Lord Chief Baron one hun dred times; that was ninety-nine times too many. —(Laughter. ) I only retused it once, and am the only man who would rio so. Well, no* my friends, lam going to take my leave of you. I commenced as a Repealer, and I end a Repealer.—( Tremen dous cheeiing.) I have devoted my life to the great struggle for Ireland's liberty. She was a nation before I was born, and I trust I shall not go down to my grave till I see her a nation again.-I(lmmense and most rapturous applause, which lasted for several minutes. ) Mr. HUTTON next presented himself, and was received with loud cheers. He had only to turn to his votes to prove that he had fulfilled every pledge.—(Cheers, and a Tory cry of " What . Will you do with the repeal ?") He should not shrink from any question. He was looking to the attempts in Par liament to disfranchise the Irish people; he was not (looking to Lord Stanley's Bill) surprised that there should be a cry for repeal.—(Loud cheers.) The Trish people had been goaded into that cry by injustice; but he (Mr. Hutton) thought justice could be obtained without repeal, and there fore he was not a Repealer.—(Loud cheers.) They had heard of the injury to be apprehended from an alteration of the Corn-laws. He was of opinion that great service, not injury, would be the result of a fixed duty—the lower the better.— ( Cheers. ) Mr. WEST next addressed the electors. He began by re turning thanks to Mr. O'Connell for the spirit in which he had commenced the contest. Mr. Hutton had said he did not wish to be taught by his enemies. He (Mr. West) was sorry he had used that word, inasmuch as he would much rather be ranked amongst his friends than his enemies. He (Mr. West) had been called an Orangeman, Orange West, and exterminat ing. Grogan. He had never been an Orangeman in his life. He had never been• in an Orange Lodge; but the most re spectable and the highest men had told him, and had sworn before a Parliamentary Committee, that there was nothin g in the principles of the Orange system, but c om pl e t e an d de voted loyalty to the -Throne, and perfect toleration to all sects. If such were Orange 'principles he was an Orangeman, but if Orangeism meant extermination or exclusion, he utterly de tested and repudiated it.—( Hear, hear.) Mr. West next pro-- ceeded to advert• to the sugar and timber duties, on which he spoke at much length. Mr. GROGAN next addressed the electors. A show of hands having been called for, the SHERIFF de clared that it was in favour of Messrs. O'Connell and Hutton. A poll was then demanded on behalf of the other candidates, and the Court adjourned until Tillie o'clock to morrow morning. The people. then separated in the most perfect good order. SOUTH . DURHAM.--.Tuesday, the 6th instant, being the day of nomination of candidates to represent this division of the county in Parliament, Darlington, at an early hour, pre sented a gay. and animated appearance. Mr. Bowes first en tered, the town with.a large escort of yeomanry and electors about ten o'clock, and was soon afterwards followed by Lord Harry Vane and: Mr. Fairer, the Tory candidate. Soon after :eleven o'clock the Undersheriffi Mr. Woolled, took his place on the hustings, when the usual precept, oaths and pro clamations were read and taken by the officials. The Under sheriff then called upon any gentleman who had any candidate to propose to represent them in Parliament. H. T. M. WiTtlast, Esq., of Lackington, proposed, and JOSEPH PEASE, Esq., oneot the late Members, seconded John Bowes, Esq. JOHN ALLAN, Esq., of Blackwell, then proposed, and GEORGE StLvEitTor,.Esq., seconded .Lord Harry Vane. And M., FOWLER, Esq., of Preston, proposed, and D. Mac LEAN, Esq., of Witton Castle, seconded Mr. Farrer, the Tory candidate, and on a show of hands it was declared to be in favour of Mr. Bowes and Lord Harry Vane, when Mr. Far rer demanded a poll. The polling days are fixed for F, i lay and Saturday,next, when. we hope Mr. Farrer will meet with a similar defeat. CAITHNESS-SHIRE.-Sir George Sinclair having fairly abandoned the field, Mr. Trail, the Liberal candidate, will on Thursday be elected without opposition. KILMARNOCK. BURGHS. CLOSE OF THE POLL.—We have the pleasure of stating that Mr. Johnstone has carried his election by a majority of II votes over his.opponent, Mr. Colquhoun. Total votes on the gross poll for Mr. Johnstone, 490 ; for Mr. Colquhoun, 479. Glasgow ChrOnicle of Monday (2d edition). We learn from the same source that the, return for the Falkirk burghs was car ried by, gross bribery on the part of the Tories, an d w ill b e peti tioned against. . REGISTER I-REGISTER I . REGISTER (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) • The 20th of the present mnnth is the last day on which per sons can register for the counties. Ex cry one is talking about what is to be done by the Liberals on thei r nex t reg i s t ra ti on, but is any thing doing ?• Three weeks more, and it will be too late! Let every borough, city, and town organise their local Committees without an hour's delay, and be ,prepared with every vote they can possibly put on the register ! Liberals ! learn something even from your enemies; see what they have done by . diligently attending to the register ! and remember, that what you do must be done quickly, to be available for the next election ; therefore lose no time, but Register ! Register ! Register ! SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET JULY MEETING.—TuEsnAv. Handicap Sweepstakesof •20 sovs. each, and only 5 ft, if declared, for i 3 yrs old, &c. New T.Y.C. (8. Subs.) Lord Exeter's Abydos. 3 yrs, 7st 71b (Alarm) 1 LordAlbemarle's c byTaurus, Perfume, 3 yrs, 6st 51b 2 Col. Peel's Hawk's-eye, 3 yrs, 7st 31b 3 The following- also started, but were not placed—Lord Orford'gYoun,g Quo Minus, 3 yrs, Bst—Duke of Rutland's Minx, 3 yrs, 7st—and Mr. Sadler's Diversion, 3 yrs, fist 11 lbs. dos, 4 Betting -7 to 2 again s t Di vers i on , 3t o I . aga i ns t Ab y - Min to 1 ag a i nst H aw k' s - eye, 4 to 1 against Young Quo us, and 6 to 1 against Minx. The July Stak es o f 50 sovs. each, 30 ft, for 2 yrs old colts Bst 71b, and. fillies 'Bst slb New T.Y.C. (24 Subs.) LCoorl.dPßeerl4'scee,hs.b e ob 3• t y the Colonel, out of Hester (Nat) 0 1 Mr. Isaac Sadler'b• s br eGlasuicueuls,7out of Rosalie 0 2 Mr. B. Greene's ch c s' b y Wiseacre, Zany's dam Lord Orford's b c b 0 y,Jerry, out of Petulance 0 Betting-11 io Bon Rosalie c;3 to 1 agst Hester c— (taken) ; and 6.t0 apt Mule. T lt h . e D fi e r e sl d a ing de h a e d at ta 2 t between Rosalie c and Heste r co to 1 on the Rosalie colt .who was beaten by length. NEWMARKET—Tosis a ' BETTING IN THE MORNING: GOODWOOD STAKES, 9 to 1 agst Mr. Payne's Welfare taken 500 to 30 agst Lord Chesterfield's Henri Quatre,taken 20 to 1 agst.Mr. Goodman's Isabella—taken, 20 to 1 agst Mr. Bristow's Master Tommy. GOODWOOD CUP. . • 7 to 1 agst Mr. Johnstone's Charles the Twelfth —taken 9 to I agst Mr. St. Paul's Calypso—taken 10 to l agst Lord Chesterfield's Colwick—taken . ST. LECER. 2to l agst Mr. Rawlinsort's Coronation —taken 5 to 9 DERBY. _ _ 20 to 1 agst Lord Jersey's brother to Phoenix 25 to I agst Lord Bruce's Rosalie, e. —taken freely 40 to 1 agst Mr. Sailer's Mule—taken 40 to I agst Mr. J. Day's Curator—taken 50 to 1 agst Mr. Stewart's Combermere—taken • 75 to I agst Mr. Ferguson's Fireaway—taken Nothing done in the evening, but 50 to 1 was offered agst the Rosalie c. The entries for tomorrow closed as follows : PLATE.—Scroggins, Spangle, Rodosto, Teleta, E. 0. and Bob Peel. • Sweepstakes, New T.Y. C. for 3 yrs old-f. by Glaucus, outof Tragedy ; Joujou, Syria Blanche, and Diversion. THE WEATHER.—NooN, JULY 7. ROYAL GALLERY OF SCIENCE, ADELAIDE-STREET. .Barometer Thermometer... 63 I Highest 6B 1 Lowest ... ...... 51 Wind W. Freezing Point 32 Deg. The extensive and well-known grape-vine at Cumberland Lodge (supposed to be the largest in the world) is expected to produce this year, a more than usually abun dant crop. The enormous quantity of 14,000 bunches have just been cut off, to leave room fog• the thousands which re main to grow and ripen. THI-4_; SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 7, 1841. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC .JOURNALS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS 'DAY. • CHRONICLE.—Whatever else the elections may do, there is one thing which they have already eldne most completely. The fable of the, Conservative reaction is it an end. • In, thelborough elections the Tories are in a minority ; and just in proportion as we take population into account do we find them distanced by their opponents.- The long and loudly boasted revulsion of public opinion has encountered a distinct contradiction. If we are doomed to come under a Tort Governmeht, it evi dently cannot be a Government of opinion, and must there fore be one of fraud or force. Whatever advantages the Tories have gained are obviously resolvable into other causes than a reaction of opinion in. favour 'of Tory principles. The ten dency of all kinds of disappointment and discontent to gather round an opposition, the force of party organization; a diligent working of the machinery of Yegisration and corruption, and the combination of all 'the monopolist classes who felt their un just advantages in peril, are a full soh:Alen of the petty gain of nine seats (on the balance) in the boroughs, without calling in the supposition of a re-action of opinion, which is attended with no evidence whatever. Had it existel, to a tithe of the extent so recently and loudly proclaimed, very different indeed must have' been 'the results in -all localities inhabited by a numerous population. ' No triumph is gained of opinion, by the Tories ; none of principle. Tbey are where they were ; 'at variance with the intelligence of the commu nity, and dreaming of the experiment of governing in defiance of that intelligence. Let the • agricultural electors mark this, before they embark in the same - boat with Toryism. If Toryism have a majority at all, they must give it... Scotland will not do it; Irelant will not do it; in fact; the questidn is whether Ireland will submit to such a' Government, should it be established. The peace and prosperity 'of :the country are still in the keeping of the county electors. They . can still. turn • the scale between a GOvernnient which. .would -consolidate their interests by hermonis 'ing them with the great •commercial interests of the community, 'and •a Government which can only, we repeat, be one of force or fraud; and what can force and fraud, or the short-lived ascendancy 'which rests upon them, do fur the benefit of agriculture ? • To-the real cultivators, Ministers offer amore efficieet - protection•than -they have ever erjoje d under the present Corn-law. The Bs. duty is such a protec tion to the amount of 30 per cent. more than has been de rived from the shifting trickery of the sliding scale. And yet they confer, by ..the same offer, the invaluable benefits of cheaper .bread to .the. labourer, • and a market forthe manufac turer. Above all, they offer that steadiness of price which will enable the farmer. to know- what he is about, and lay his plans accordingly. . Their proposition is a treaty of peace be tween alienated classes, whose hostility threatens to swell into incurable and destructive • animosity. It is surely unwise ; it seems a species .of madness in- the farmers to reject this olive branch, and commit themselves to all the uncertain ad vantage, ,coupled with . all the certain mischief, of a Tory res toration, TIMES.—A paper has teen printed and circulated in Ire land, purporting to come from the Chairman of the Repeal As sociation Committee. and calling for increased exertion in the organization of repeal.. That it should contain much of absur dity, and much of treason, could be matter of no surprise, and would call for no notice to distinguish it from the ordinary race of such criminal rhapsodies. The circumstance about it that makes it worth especial observation is the point of time selected for the dissemination of it—the same point of time at which the Whigs have appealed to the country to assist them and theirs in their great struggle for general revolution. There are three fac tions united in that struggle; the little remnant of what was once called Whig party, now reduced and run down like the early races of the Transatlantic world, by coarser and stronger in truders; and the two stocks of those intruders themselves, con sisting respectively of. the English Radicals and thelrish Re peelers. The English Radicals push fiercely on, with the cry of ballot and extended suffrage, and to these opinions the Whigs have been for some time past acceding or succumbing, con vinced that their substantive strength had departed from them, and that they could subsist no longer but in -conjunction with, and dependence on, more dogged revolutionists. Even.this re source, however, is, failing them. The b oroug h s th emse l ves, in cluding..the populous communities which the R e f orm Bill ca ll e d into existence, northern and southern, metropolitan and pro vincial, have disappointed the expectations of their founders ; the counties are known to be almost universally Conservative ; and on the aggregate of the oppidan with the rural returns, the constituencies of Great Pritain, taken apart. from those of Ire land, will have placed the Conservatives in a majority of at least a hundred. The, only means of at all reducing that ma jority will be through the Irish. elections ; and an these the Ministerialists will probably retain between 60 and 70 of the 105 Members. The real force, therefore, upon which the Whigs will have to depend for making any 'approach to even a strong Ojiposition,, will be the O'Connellite party—a party which gave them place, which kept them in place, and to which, after the fate now threatening them, they must look for their only chance of ever returning to place. POST.—Though the Whig -Radical Administration has to tally failed to obtain at the elections that approbation which it anticipated—thOugh these elections have confirmed, instead of removing, the ceesure pronounced upon the Administration by the late House of . o:mm9ns—though the English cities and towns haee returned'RePresentatives more opposed to the M , hig- Radical policy than their Representatives in the last Parliament were, and a much further change in the same direction is cer tain' in the tounties;'we still think there is cause fir surprise and, regret that the present Ministers should have with them so considerable a minority. No doubt it is but a minority, and the victory over these boastful Ministers, who held office after being censured by the House of Commons, is complete. It has been shown that they were imposed upon by great ignorance, or actuated by , gross cupidity, when they retained dice under the pretence that the country was 'about to give them that support which the House of Commons had refused. This the decision of the English people has made manifest. But, notwithstanding this, we think the decision against the Ministers ought to have been more general ; and to sincerely patriotic' English Men it cannot but be matter of regret that political faithlessness and imposture (to say nothing of weakness; and inability), such as the Whig-Radical Ministry has exhibited, should not have excited more marked and uni versal condemnation than they . have done. We really know not what claim the present Ministers can set up to the support of any intelligent and honest Englishman. As to the common cry which their journalists have put forth, of "ch ea p b rea d," -cheap sugar," " cheap ti m b er ," it has been showti repeatedly to be mere' imposture. The Ministers, themselves, do not pro fess to offer any such thing; they argue, on the contrary, that these commodities will not he cheaper in consequence of the measures they propose, and, therefore, that no such revulsions in the ordinary current of affairs—no such confiscations of vested interests—no such violent changes in the 'markets 'and occupations of the people would take place, as those which have been anticipated. And whether this be true or not, it is most certainly true that the new policy of Minis ters could not be Carried, even though they were to remain Ministers ; for many of ' the Members of the House of Com mons, who are favourable to them upop the ground of hostility to the Conservative party, 'would not be favourable to them upon the ground of admitting foreigrecern and foreign Sugar, and putting fresh taxes upon the import of timber from Bri tish America. No intelligent elector can, therefore, be in fluenced by the proposed new policy. That is evidently a de lusion, and can only affect those whose minds are clouded by ignorance, or perverted by p r ej u di ce . HERALD.—The progress of the elections for the counties of England is more steady and triumphant than, but a few short weeks ago, the most sanguine opponents of the adhesive Ministry could have anticipated. With one voice, the county constituencies seem determined to record their honest disgust at the tricky; crafty, selfish policy of the Whig-Radical Govern ment. For our own parts, we never doubted what would' be the response of our yeomanry, our farmers, our rural freehold ers, our landed gentry, to the " appeal " which Lord John Rus sell, in a spirit of presumptuous reliance on his own fortune and the ability of his leader, Viscount Melbourne, at backing out of the most complicated difficulties, has so madly challenged. We may say, without any disrespect to, or disparagement of the intelligence of the' town constituencies, that it is to the rural districts we must ever look with the most. assured confidence of finding a 'ready and enthusiastic sympathy with any cause which is based on those principles of political equity or of moral right,. that seem native, almost, to our hold coun trymen.. If these happen to be bound up in the matter on which such an appeal may be made to them, for the exercise'of their deliberate judgment and' of the franchises they derive from the Constitution—their decision, it is tolerably certain, will ever be on that tide which' has the most powerful pi eten-, sions to identify itself kith such principles. For that side is in natural alliance with their plsiri but strong good sense —their inherent franknesse—their reverence for institutions which have been dear to their fathers—and their "preju dices of education"-a-ae the Utilitarian philosophy of our times denominates the generous affections of a free and loyal people • for the altar, the' 'throne, and the . estab lishment under the protection of which they have seen the country march on from greatness to grandeur, from glory to power, from victory to dominion, from extensive influence to paramount authority. Among these country constituencies there subsist affections, of a civil as well as social character, in an intensity and on a scale of which the constituencies of towns are far less susceptible. Among the latter, infinite varieties of circumstances break in upon and disturb, 'with uncontrollable frequency, the relations of electors and elected. '1 he connec tion of landlord and tenant far less immediate and palpable (from the very nature of things) than it is among landholders and landowners, is liable to be dissevered at the very moment when it seems most • cordial and 'permanent, by any local ac. cident, •however intrinsically unimportant. In some worthless squabble about the erection of a marketeplace, or the pulling down of an old townehall, the closest political alli ances will now and then dissolve; or the opening of a new mill or the introduction of a new manufacture will suffice to drive out of all their recollections and regards a family which has supplied benefactors to the town generation after genera.: tion, even if their stock be as ancient as the Huddlestones, and their baronial castle have in times gone by defied the' arms of Stephen or De Montfort. Not so wiih the county constituencies. The yeomanry are always disposed to uphold, with an affectionate :eeling of hereditary regard, that consi ration for the gentry of their neighbourhood which—(unless upon the intervention of some very special and decided cause of offence or misunderstanding)—offers, without effort or he sitation, to a principal member of one of the most distinguished families in the district,—the high honour of representing his brother electors in Parliament. MONEY MARTS .ET and Cl'l'Y NEWS. l':10M THE MORNING PAPERS OF Tills DAY. TIMES.—The only alteration that took place in the Foreign Exchanges to-day was a slight advance in the rates upon Am sterdam. The premium •on gold at Paris is 6 per mine, which, at the English Mint price of 31. 175.• lop. per ounct for standard gold, gives an exchange of 25. 30, and the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25. 37k, it follows that gold is 0.30 per cent. dearer in London than in Paris. By advices from Hamburgh the price of gold is 429 per mark, which, at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 10%d. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13. 7, and the exchange at Hamburgh on. London at short being 13. 71, it follows that gold is 0.23 per cent.• dearer in London than in Hamburgh. The c,,urse of exchange at New York cri didon is 109 per cent., and the par of exchange between England and America being 109 23-40 per cent., it follows that the ex change is 4.57 per cent. against England. But the quoted exchange at New York being for hills at 60 days' sight, the interest must be deducted from the above difference. HERALD —Failures already made pubic and others talked about tend to keep up a certain degree of uneasiness among the mercantile and banking community. To-day the embar rassments of a concern in the City have become known, which acts as the house of agency for a bank or banks in the Chan nel Islands ; whist from Manchester the stoppage of a house rather largely engaged in the general trade of the town is an nounced. The sub-Committee of Spanish and Portuguese bondholders have prepared a memorial, it is understood, to the Lord Mayor, soliciting the accommodation of the Egyptian Hall for the purpose of a public meeting, at which his. Lordship should be requested to preside, for the consideration of the most effective mode in which the claims and the sufferings of the unfortu nate bondholders of Spain and Portugal could be brought be- fore the Legislature on the opening of its first Session. To ralrrow (Wednesday), being Committee-day, it is presumed that some decisive action will be taken in the matter, which it would net seem politic t o d e l ay further at a season of the year when people are generally preparing for a brief secession from business, and temporary removal from town. Whatever is intended should be carried into operaticn therefore ai; O P9P and with vigour, without car e a b out the annoyance which pro ceedings may nun in Dovvning-street or elsewhere, where in- deed the root of much of the evil of these Peninsular loans may be traced. SUN.—Matters are.not so promising in the City as 'they were some time back, and though always finding pleasure in contemplating the • brightest side of a dark picture, we' cannot forbear to call attention to the somewhat unfavourable advices from most parts of the country, not exempting Ireland and Scotland, respecting the_ appearance of the crops. ,There is the more reason to advert to this circumstance inasmuch as we know - from past, and we had almost said fatal experience, how powerful is the influence it exercises on• the foreign ex changes. It is especially important, however,, at r the present moment as tending to show that the hard-worked and ill-paid manufacturing population may have another period of suffering to undergo, in consequence of the re strictive Corn-laws. The lends were depressed to-day,. the appre hension of a demand for money arising, hav ing caused numerous sales. In Consols there was a decline again of per cent to-day, making 4- per cent. reduction since Saturday. For 'present transfer, ex-dividend, the current prices were 89f to it, and for the opening; on the IGth inst., the same. There were a good many sales in all the other securities at a similar movement, in favour of the buyers, and money was worth 5 per cent. on. the Stock Exchange. The - premium' on Exchequer Bills was still 17s and 145., and upon India Bonds it advanced to 3s. and ss. As temporary, and yet objects of investment, these are now in some favour. The Reduced Three per Cent. Annuities were at 89-0 o 89f ; the Three-and-a-Half per Cent. at 99* to 98'* ; Bank Stock at 170 to IG9*, being rather better, dud Eat India • Stoclt at 248. The New Three-and-a- Half per Cents, were 98f to 98*. For the Peninsular, and other. foreign bonds i •there was no inqUiry.' Brazil were at 674 ; Mexican at 2ai to 27 ; Spanish at 21 .to 4, •and Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. at 51*. • • Tha-Share Market - was- drooping. Grert Western were 25* to 25 ; the New 12 ; the Fifths '6f. and the South•Western•l6*.prennuni ; Brighton were 4 to 51-, and Blackwall 9 digcount. There was no alteration this Afternoon requiring par ticulaf • liotice fn . the rates of the Foreign Exchanges, three months paper on ,Paris being taken .at 25f. 60c.. to 67ic. ; On Amsterdam at 12 44 to 4f ; on Frankfurt , at 150 , ; Hamburgh. at 13 10i. to 10: ; on Antwerp 'at :1!,1 ; and . on Trieste 9 57 58'. The following are the official returns of the, exports of bullion from the port of London for the week ending Thursday last : • Silver. Coin to 11p.inburgh ... 41,000 oz. Bars to Hambuygh ... 18,000 " Silver Bars to 'Rotterdam ... 48,000 " *Gold Coin to New York ... 151 ." LITERATURE. QUARTERLY i?EVIE W. NO. CXXXV. - . Murray,'London, 1811. The .Quarterill Review 'is not in general re markable for the Unreadable character of its con tents, but this number is an exception, for any thing more dull or prolix than the majority of its articles we have not met with for many a long day. Not only are the subjects badly chosen, but they are badly treated. I Who, for instance, cares to read a heavy dissertation on the present state of Belgium, or to be .told that the facts col- Meted by Mr.. `ferment during his late 'three weeks' scamper throUgh this most uninteresting of kingdoms, bear - no slight resemblance to fic tions? • The work; though published but th e other day, is already forgotten, and it is a foolish as well as :a hopeless attempt, to. revive it. Again, what can be a staler theme for comment thb.rl the United States of America? Yet here we find nearly forty pages on the subject, in the shape of a notice ~ of " Sir Augustus 'Foster's Notes," - which 'are at present unpublished, and which--if we may. judge of the manucript by the Reviewer's extracts—are not unlikely to re main so. Sir Augustus was secretary to the British - Legation at" Washington, about the year 106, and the following are among the best of his American reminiscences : I found. among the demoeMts many highly respectable and worthy persons, and even among the lowest in station of the members of Congress several droll, original, but unoffending characters. Such was the tavern-keeper who conimitted an act of ,great impropriety in my house. when I gave a ball for the Queen's birth-day, and when, the drawing-rooms being left empty .on the company going to supper, he thought (poor fellow !) that he was alone and unobserved; but, two stray federal members who were rambling about espied his attitude, and the joke. was.too good to be lost, so they had it in all the papers and all over the States, in prose and verse, ring ing the changes on the extinction of the British fire. My poor guest wrote me an humble letter, saying he would rather burst another time ; and I , most graciously answered, and hoped to have gained his vote for peace by my soothing ; but the grace less dog voted, alrl the same for war, and pro v ed h ow h ar d i t i s by any good words to sever a party-man from the mass of his political friends. Another original was a Philadelphian butcher, who used to frank his linen, there having been no limits to the privilege, and to send it to be washed at home; the weight, however, as some of the Federalists assured me, was not so tremendous as might he supposed for the post-bag, since he was known to change his shirt only once a-week. I visited him at his stall at Philadelphia, and insisted cn his giving me a feast on his beef, to which he agreed; and I, profiting by a general invitation, went to his home on the banks of the De laware, where Ireally did get a luncheon of as line beef as I ever tasted, and had only one re g r e t, w hi c h was, that my hon es t host happened to be absent. It was told of him that at the President's table, observing a leg of mutton of a miserably lean descrip'ion, he could not help forgetting the legislator for a few moments, and exclaiming that at his stall no such leg of mut ton should ever have fc;und a place. I also heard that; being one day invited with several members of Congress to dine at the President's, he took his son, the young, butcher, with him, who was a great country lout, and on going up to the Presi dent told him he had heard one of his guests had bee n t a k en ill and . could not come, and therefore he had brought his son with him, who was very anxious to . see him, and wou ld no t b e in the way,' as there wai, he knew, a :spare plate. Another eccentric member from the south, a printer and • publisher. • wrote as an answer to' an invitation from the Pre:Went, " I won't dine with you because you won't dine with me." Then there was a tavern-keepei from the north, who when elected sheriff in his own'county, used to hang criminals himself, to save a dollar, and make his son drive the,cart ; yet he was by no means an' itl-meanirig uncivil person, Though not parti cularly agreeable. The Reviewer, referring to Sir Augustus Fos ter's remarks on Moreau, whom he frequently met while a resident at Washington, takes the opportunity to sneer at .Napoleon's Marshals— especially Massena. • • His contemptuous allusion to this last soldier; Of fortune_ is certainly not warranted by what we know of Massena's mili tary career; for the .man who chiefly helped to gain the brilliant victory of Rivoli ; who saved France at Zurich, when all but over-' whelmed by the forces of the Coalition Powers; .and who executed that masterly retreat through Portugal which extorted the admiration even of his enemies, was assure.(l4. no ordin ry commander. Lannes, too—the chivalrous= -the intrepid—" the Roland of the French 'army," as Madame Junot calls him—surely, he Was a soldier.of eminence! Marmont iNe give. Up to the Reviewer's cen; sure, for he was a man. but of secondary talent, and wanted that firstgreat requisite' of a. general, decision. Sir Augustus does not appear to en tertain' a high notion 'Of thesAirrericarr charanter, for an extract is. given . from his manuscript, wherein he Condenm,s Jonathan for having treated the ashes of Washington with marked neglect; forcing'Jefferson to sell his library in his old age; and leaving Munroe . •in a state alinost of starva tion. We fear there is too much justice in this condemnation; and; the recent letter of' Presi dent Jackson, where he speaks' of his dreadful pecuniary embarrassments, does not tell more fa vourably for transatlantic generosity. " Min strelsy of the Bretoas" woutd 'have been more acceptable, had the . ReVieWer gone deeper, into the Subject; but he merely skims the .cur-.. face, and this in no - very attractive manner. The "Australian Colonies" is a mere heavy colt-: pilation; gathered from the most . obVious sources. " Swinburne's Courts of Europe" points out some of the numerous editorial blunders in apostliumous -work •ptiblisliad - a few months since, which we , also exposed. in The Suit. " Whewelf on Indue tive Sciences". is an instructive essay, but we fear it will be caviare to most periodical realers. The facts, too; are riot well arranged, and the style, thbugli familiar' enough; is dry and tame. The ic Budget and the.. Dissolution "—as may be surmised . from its title—is. a sltshing attack on some of the more recent pro ceedings: of the Ministr3. It is intended to be smart, but is dull by mistake. . In fact, so cruelly hard pressed .is the . Reviewer for jests, that he is compelled to have recourse to O'Con nell's Tail, on which threadbare • theme i ke cracks sundry small jokes that are 'positively excruciat ing ! From one or two significant hints thrown out in the course of this article, we infer that the Peel section of the Tories. are not disinclined to hoist false colours, and affect Liberalism, by way, of qualifying theinielvess for office;' for we are told that " protecting duties are in. their nature, and by the very principles on which they were originally founded, liable to revision, alteration, and even "extinction "..which is in a great mea sure surrendering the- question at issue het , .veen the Whigs and Tories.' This ad captanduni hint, coupled With SA.. Robert Peel's praises of " moderatiOn" in his crafty hustings speech at Tamworth, satisfies us that those of'the faction who side with him, will stick at nothing to regain possession of place and . pay. But the country will not be deceived" by the§'6' s)ecious insinuations, which are put forth merely af.ifeelers, for it knows well that, however it,may profess to change, and and become moderate, Toryism is, and must be, essentially immutable—a s much so as the laws of the Medes ' and Persians. Speak ing incidentally of , the Corn-laws, the Reviewer states."the subsistence of the people was, until the late Budget, the first, and, indeed, the only object of any Corn-law in Eng land,a or in any other country thud we };now on" . wh t monstrous' eff ron t ery i s t hi s ! Who does know that this i mpost was ra i se d f or t h e ex clusive benefit of the l an dh o lders ? Th e y h a d not lived in clover, and far beyond their means, during the war; and when the peace came, they were afraid that the var i ous a l tera ti ons an d re- • ....41.“.•,1 -- ductions it brouvht with it, would operate it:- juriOUsly on their interests, so passed the Corn-laws, by way of protecting themselves at the expense of the people. But the day of reckoning is at hand, and they know it. Hence their loud, wolfish howls against— what they call—the quackery of Free Trade. The article concludes with fierce abuse of Lord Melbourne, for having, " introduced Robert Owen to sully the virgin presence of the Queen with his abominable doctrines," from which it is to be inferred, we • presume, that this sturdy Re former edified her Majesty with an elaborate lec ture on'Socialism, and did his best to persuade her to become a convert to his creed. This expres sion of amiable solicitude for Royalty comes with peculiar propriety from a faction which has never missed an opportunity . of assailing the Queen in the. most virulent manner possible ! But the Tories imagine that they are now within sight of the Promised Land of office; consequently..like the old woman in the song, they are discreetly desirous " to moderate the - rancour of • their tongues." CHURCH OF ENGLAND QUARTERLY REVIEW. No. XIX. Painter, London, 1841. The " Correspondence of Horace Walpole," the best and completest edition of which has been recently published by Mr. Bentley, is made the subject of some very acrimonious strictures in the present Number of this straight-laced periodi• cal. There is an infinite deal of 'cant in these strictures, and ,much t*addlin s ,o• criticism, for we are gravely assured that Walpole was by no means so brilliant' a letter-writer as has been supposed ; that he made up by blasphemous and 'indelicate allusions what,he lacked in smartness and humour • and in his sketches of character was utterly reckless of truth and propriety. The secret of all this cynical criticism is, that he oc casionally indulged in an arch smile at the ravenous clerical pluralists of his day. He dis believed in the " Nolo Episcopari".doctrine ; and was doubtful whether even the gravest and most decorous -Bishops could he fitly considered-per fect models of apostolical innocence, simplicity, and disinterestedness. Above all, he accused an Archbishop of York of having been a bile caneery and indulged in the luxury of a seraglio —a statement which he would scarcely have dared to make, had there not been some grounds for it,' for we all know that it is only of late years that our Bishops have been chosen for their learning and private worth. For these hereti cal opinions, the Reviewer--like Twhackum in Fielding's tale—" saddles'? - Horace 'Walpole " with a judgment." Had he but kept his irre verent hands off Mother Church, not the slightest objection would have been made to his Correspondence; but because he declared that the old lady was no better than she should be, all pious and moral readers are requested to avoid his Letters as though they were a pesti lence. It is late in the day to declaim against Walpole in this puritanical fashion. He has long 'Since taken his proper station as an author, and the Reviewer may be assured that his righteous-over-much indignation will only sub ject him to ridicule. " University of Cambridge" contains some useful suggestions respecting the mode of education which should be adopted at this great seat of learning. The following re marks deserve . consideration ss:-" We can see no good reason for the permission oanted to 'the no bility to take places in the classical tripos with out passing through the probationary mathema tical ordeal. In point of the advantages and honours of learning it is degrading to a Univer sity to Make a difference between her sons. Under her fostering care the peer and the pea sant should. run the same race with equal advan tages ; and then, if the noble be distanced by the son of the shopkeeper, " palmam qui meruit ferat." " Smyth s Lectures on Modern History" is a shallow, tamely w.ritten article ; and " Chris tian Politics and Conservative Prospects" abounds in sophistical reasoning. The The remaining papers may be dismissed with Cure remark that they are neither above nor below the ordinary level. THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND IS THE POOR MAN'S CHURCH, "And all fur love, and nothing for reward," As is evident from the following statement, showing the small stipends for which the clergy undertake the care of the souls of their flock : Archbishop of Canterbury £2o,ooo—Poor fellow ! Archbishop of York l2,ooo—Disinterested man ! Bishop of Durham l9,ooo—Self-denying pastor'? Bishop of London poor man's - sake ! Bishop of Winchester Bishop of Ely ll,OOO S minded ! Five more poor men's Bishops 5,0001. to 6,000/. a-piece —how apostolic ! Six more successors of the Apostles, 3,000/. to - 4,000/. a-piece—how povertyLstricken ! Six again upwards of 2,0001. a-piece—how like the early teachers of Christianity ! Iwo, 1 ? 500/. a-piece —One, 924/.—" They wandered about in sheep=skins and goat skins !" Besides a host of rectors, vicars, &c. &c., with 5001. to 2,000/. a-year ! These figures speak more than it might be prudent to put into words, lest we should be called Infidels and ; but the figures will speak. Does this said Church (say they) look like the poor man's Church ? Is it not a little like the rich man's Church ? If it is the poor man's Church, how comes this anomaly of starving flocks, and pastors oppressed with wealth ? Call it the Church of the rich, and you may call it by its right tame, but do not belie the Church, and insult the poor, by giving it the other (solemn) nickname. TO call the Bishops' Church the Church of the poor, is to- heap upon it the severest calumny, and arraign it as• a culprit at the bar of religion and common sense. It is the Church of the aristocracy and their youngest sons. Were her wealth her own, this would still be true ; but is it her own—this poor man's wealth ? Alas ! we go from bad to worse—a large part of this wealth has absolutely bean abstracted from the poor man's pockets to gild the liveries and emblazon the arms of the Bishops. One-third of her tithes was set aside for the support and relief of the poor, and was, - for some time, so applied ; but the Church has contrived to swallow the whole, and now sends the poor man to the workhouse for relief, if haply he may find it. The poor man's Church ! so indeed she is, if by this is meant that her Bishops have the poor man's money in their pockets, and that her enormous wealth has been so far deducted from his due—so indeed she is, for, after filling the pockets of her dignitaries, who turn their backs upon the poor, she send s f ort h her ill-paid and half starved curates into the houses of the poor, who, instead of her enormous wealth wherewith to relieve their wants, are, in some cases, - themselves dependent upon their parishioners. There are six hundred livings under COL a year, and five hundred more under 80/., making upwards of one thousand livings under 801., besides upwards of five thousand curacies, averaging 80/.,and many more of them under 501., and this in spite of ancient laws mid usages which would ensure to every pastor a liberal sub sistence, but which the Church has contrived to evade. In this sense she is, and is determined to continue, the Church of the poor man, whom it has been her practice to keep as poor as she found him. The poor man's Church indeed I Whose Church is she, then ?—this State Church ? As a State Church, chiefly • of the practically infidel and ir religious, Sabbath-desecrating Lords*, who leave it to the middle classes to keep the Fourth Commandment, — important personages in' the Church, who prepare for the Sunday, by spending the Saturday night at the Theatre and the Opera, in order to solemnise their minds,—gambling, cursing, and swearing Lords and gentry—(who dares deny it ?)—who will maintain the Church with their lives and fortunes ! Defenders of the Faith, who trample on the Sixth Commandment, and take away life for a word ! Duelling Lords ! pil lars of the Church ! whose hands are stained with blood. Men who, rather than own a religion, will hire one,—who,- disliking personal religion, take up with a national one. A State Church ig nobody's Church, and suifs. thenyeiactly. They are not Episcopalians : Epis copalians are excellent men their religion is not Epis copalitin,—it is anything or nothi ng , only it must be na tional their religion is not the Christian religion—it is the religion of the Sovereign and his Bishops. Hence they will fight for it, or bribe for it, or drink for it ; and they call it the poor man's Church, because the State is nothing without the poor man—nothing unless he works for it. and fights for it (they are fond of fight ing both in private and in public—it is part of their re ligion)"; so, without the poor man, it could not be the State Church, and in that case they would be without any religion at • all. Let them call it the poor man's .Church if they willbut what a pity they won't pay for it themselves when they get all the advantage of it. The poor man has a private religion and is willing to pay for it—those whose religion is public, in the matter of it, should pay for it as well. Why should not the publicists pay for their own religion, which belongs to themselves and to nobody else ? It is to be feared their religion is no religion at all—at least it is not a national one. Now, 'since a national religion is no religion at all—it is bind ing upon every man, therefore, to see to it that he has a religion - of his own, and that religious freedom, or liberty to hold his own religious vie.ws and worship, be guaran teed to every man.—Patriot. PHOTOGRAPHY.--111• Arago communicated to the Academy of Science that M. Daguerre was still oc cupied upon a most important series of experiments con rweled with the improvent of photography. Thus, with the view of increasing the sensitiveness of the prepared plates, he had subjected them to the action of electricit, while in the camer a o b scura, an d h a d t h en im m e d i ate l y exposed them. to the rays of light. The electric fluid had, hOwever, made the plates too sensitive, and so much so that the mere opening of the covering of the plate in side the camera obscura could not be effected rapidly enough to prevent some portions of the impression from being Inuch more vivid than others. M. Daguerre had therefore made use of a preparation not so sensitive as that which he commonly employed; and upon again em ploying the form of electricity had obtained such a de gree of, sentiveness that only the. millionth part of a second was necessary for obtaining an impression so that it was not expecting too much to anticipate that, when further improvements should be effected, the actions of the human body might all be taken by ths Daguerreotype. _ _ In consequence of the decease, Najepty's illustrious aunt, the Queen of, lianoyec, there was no music at the Castle last ; a j ia The services of the Quee;l 4 l private Land have been Osiieised With until after the funeral shall have taken place. 12, (I* 1: tL' —4" g\.4.'---• ce, / P 4.-7 0. " :1 - „ j' t t, * t%& s r i Zie' 4 ,M " -- ‘ k .-, -1 , •Y ' ..,. 4 , Ve. s tif:l4—,? ,1 1. 44 4,/' , i . l . cy „O , cli j ,;:ia. a “10 4. 4 4,.. Vf. , :1 , 'Ol4 %,“1.1.._, ...'7l.ift-11` e*it )1,111'„, LONDON: WEDNESDAY, JULY 7, 1841. Whatever we can say, which is at all likely to influence the county elections, we have already said, and said over and again, when we have en deavoured to show that the Corn-laws are inju rious to the farmers. We should not, therefore, now refer to the subject, being quite sure that the time is passed when newspapers can influence the present elections, though they may catch hold of the principles which are likely to actuate the fr..cholders, and claim for themselves the merit of having inspired them; we should not, we say, re/- fer to the subject were it not that we see pomp ous boastings put forth under the authority of the great Earl of CHATHAM, of the respectability of the county representation. Whatever the county electors might have been in Earl CHATHAM'S time, we know from experience that there is not a more dependent, and, generally speaking, a more ignorant class of men, as to political matters, than the voters for counties. " Such persons, says the Bishop of DURHAM, in the sensible letter which appears in another part of The Sun," have had but little opportunity of forming ti eorreet judgment of what is passing in Parliament, P:1;(.1 various arts are resorted to, to conceal frorlt them the true character o f p u bli c men." Few of them read newspapers, except Occasionally, and it is therefore quite impossible for them either to know or appreciatQ what is pass ing in the world. We 5h0u1.;.,13 therefore, look on their decision on any 'public question with much doubt, but on tlai4 present public question they unforturAti - 4,ll , ,alieve that they have an interest adverse to the measures of the Ministers, and adverse to the interests of the towns, and we re gard their, verdict as that of self-interested m en . They are judges in their own cause. They are voting on that which only an impartial man can correctly decide, and their votes will be given REDUCTION OF FARES. STEAM TO NEW YORK. THE GREAT WESTERN, Lieutenant HOSKEN, R.N., Commander, IS INTENDED TO SAIL _ FROM BRISTOL. FROM NEW YORK. On Wednesday, July 14, 1841 On Saturday, August 7, 1841 ed nesday, September 1 Saturday, September 25 Saturday, October 23 Saturday, November 20. The Company will undertake the forwarding of Goods ad dressed to their care, but to secure Freightage early applica tion is necessary. Parcels must be pre-paid, and none will be received except through the Office of the Company. Letters for America must be sent through the Post Office. Passage, including Provisions, Thirty-five Guineas. Wines and Bottled Liquors extra. Steward's Fee, One Guinea. For Freight, Passage, or further information, apply at Bris tol to CHRISTOPHER CLAXTON, Managing Director. London, T. M. Ward, Great Western Railway-Office, Bank. Liverpool, GiEbs; Bright, and Co., North John-street.: Bir mingham, John Poncia and Son, Pershore-street. Hull, W. It. Goddard, Hull and East Riding Times Office. Leeds, Haigh and Wornack, Accountants, Benson's-buildings. Glas gow, H. B. Webb, Glassford• street. Paris, Andelle and Soulas, Rue Ha.utville, No. 5. Havre-de-Grace, William Davidson. *,,,* Steam Tenders to convey Passengers on board the Great Western, at Kingroad, will leave Cumberland Basin on WEDNESDAY, the 14th of July, precisely at Twelve o'clock at Noon. N.B. Dogs, Five Pounds each. Bristol, July 5, 1841. UNITED SERVICE CLUB, &c., (JUNIOR). The right in expressal of OPINION openly by a member of the Club is a subject - of a General Meeting to-morrow, result ing from a friend giving insertion in " The Sun" of 21st June, to an article, viz., " The motion on the minutes for the elec. tion of a Trustee' in the place of Admiral the Hon. Sir John Beresford,a non est inventus,' he never having complied with the rules applicable to a TRUSTEE, although his name has been often made subservient centre volonte." This illegal dilemma in the Club having been first officially made known to the UNDERSIGNED as an irregularity by one of the Council, " feeling alive to the best interests of the Institution," namely, Captain Beer; therefore it must be clear to all, "and no mis take," that the distinguished Admiral is not eligible even by the minute entry of the motion of the 22d. June, 1841, as re cognized and posted. The which subject, still open a probing opinion" appurtenant on the transaction. (bucket and llorland's bankruptcy), as also to private BANKING, instead of the Club availing themselves (in " cheques, &c.") of the liberal proposal of the Bank of England. The foregoing, as matter ox-ward coming, "set to the tune of T square, was, and is NOW, attempted to be smother'd by a meditated expulsion, coupled with a disrespectful want of courtesy, for entertaining such an HETERODOX opinion. CHARLES A. ACKERLEY. Author of the Vital Air or " Asthmatic Lamp," relief for allaying all inflammation in the blood, and now especially used " for weakness and affections of the eyes, and alike soothing to pains in the auditory nerve without using either lotions or physic. 5, Swallow -street, Quadrant. Now ready, with 25 Illustrations, R. GRANVILLE'S IF AND SOUTHERN SPAS OF INCLUDING Birmingham Malvern Stratford-on- Avon Cheltenham Gloucester Navent Spa Clifton Hot Wells Bath Wells 18s. bound, MIDLAND ' ENGLAND, New Brighton Waterloo Brixton Chatsworth Mattock Derby Lincoln The Weodhall Spa Ashby-de-la-Zouch Rugby The Salt Wells The Tenbury Well WeyMouth Bournemouth Lle of Wight Southampton Brighton St. Leonard's Hastings Dover Southend Tunbridge Wells &c. &c. &c. Exmouth Torquay Dawlish Also, just published, LE'S NORTHERN i Map and 39 llinstil 'ublisher, 13, Great Al, DR. GRANVILI LAND, 1 vol., with Henry Colburn, Pi SPAS of ENG. Ltions, Iss. bound. arlborough-street. rlriee 3s. 6d. handsomely bound, (post-free 6d, extra,) 270 Pages, HE VISITER'S GUIDE to the WATER ING-PLACES for 1841 ; describing every object of interest and attraction, v;z., Baths, Balls, Coneerts, Theatres, Races, Drives, Rides, Walks, Exhibitions, Raffling, Mrsie, Excursions, Sights, &c. &c., at Gravesend, Tunbridge Wells, Herne Bay, Ramsgate, Margate, Dover, Brighton, Hastings, Worthing, St. Leonard's, Cheltenham, Southampton, Isle of Wight, &c. London : W. Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; and all Book sellers. 110YAL SURREY THEATRE. UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF MR. DAVIDGE AND MR, WILLIS TONES.. The extraordinary ooerflows attracted by " La Sonnambula," have induced Miss Romer. Mr. Wilson, and Mr. Leffler to accept a re-engagement, which enables the Management to produce Auber's " Fra Diavolo," with a strength of ca.st defy;ng rivalry—Conductor, Mr. G. Stansbury. THIS EVENING, JULY 7, Will be acted Auber's Giand Opera of FRA DIAVOLO. Zerlina, Miss Romer ; Lady Allcash, Mrs. Serle; Lord All cash, Mr. Roberts; Lorenzo, Mr. Stoker ; Beppo, Mr. G. Stansbnry Giaoomo, Mr. Leffler ; and Fra Diavolo, Mr. Wilson. After which, THE CASTLE OF ANDALUSIA. Don Caesar by. Mr. Leffler. To conclude with, THE HAUNTED WRECK. Supported by the entire strength of the Company. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MR. OSBALDISTON. Continued union of success in the hitherto unexampled com bination an I attraction of " Susan Hopley !" Othello !" " William Tell !" and " The Hunchback !" supported by .Mr. Osbaldiston ' Mr. E. F. Saville, and Miss Vincent ! and also Mr. Brougham. THIS EVENING, JULY'7, The splendidly successful Domestic Drama, in Three Acts, of SUSAN HOPLEY ! OR, THE TRIALS AND VICISSI- TUDES OF A SERVANT GIRL ! William Dean, Mr. E. F. Saville. ; and Susan Horsley by Aliss Vincent, the accepted Heroine of Domestic Drama. After which, WILLIAM TELL. William Tell, Mr. Osbaldiston ; Michael, Mr. E. F. Sa ville ; Gesler, ➢lr. Dale ; Albert, Mrs. Howard ; Emma, Mri. G. Lee. To conclude with the Laughable Farce of HONEST THIEVES. Teague, Mr. Brougham; Obadiah, Mr. Gardner; Abel Day, 51r. Paul. Boxes, 2s.—Pit, Is.—Gallerv, 6d. Half-price to the Boxes only, at flalf-past Eight. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. Which is the most Wonderful Exhibition in London? The WIZARD'S Wonders. Which is the Cheapest Exhibition in London ? The Wizard's Palace of the Magi. Who ran prac tically, illustrate Shaksnere, " Are mine eyes made fools o' the other senses ?" The Wizard. Who can " show the eyes aid please the heart, come like shadows so depart ?" The Wizard. Who can rove, by ocular demonstration, that there are more strange things in heaven and in earth than are dreamt of in your philosophy ? The Wizard. Who possesses the power of second sight? The Wizard. How can Ladies have the.r for tunes told ? By applying to the Wizard. Who can make money dance out of your purses? The Wizard. Who can make things inanimate move at his bidding ? The Wizard. Who can perform more wonders than was ever yet accomplished by man? The Wizard.—Open every evening. Boxes, 2s. 6d. ;- Pit, Is. 6d. ; Gallery, 6d. Second Price at Half-past Nine o'clock. Boxes, ls. 6d. ; Pit, Is. Places for the Boxes may be taken from Mr. .Swinburn, at the Box-office, between Eleven and Four. Parties are respectfully informed, that as the Dress Circle is nightly crowded, an early application is requisite. N.B. Private Boxes, containing six persons, l/. ss. Doors open at Half-past Seven ; the Wizard appears at Eight o'clock precisely. THE RAILWAY SUN WILL POSITIVELY BE PUBLISHED ON FRIDAY MORNING NEXT. riIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW *I• rning minutes atlztr 4 Evening 43 minutes after 4. EVENING SUN. under a mistaken view, in their owt favour. With the first abundant harvest they will be ready to reverse their own decision. Adtlitting the power vested in the agricultural electopi, we must assert that on this question they wit not exercise it justly. The electors of towns may be superficial; titY may pass a hasty judgment; but at least in the majority of cases their opinions are their OW The agriculturists, says the Bishop of D" - " lean upon the opinions of those ivith, whom, they are connected." The electors of towns form their own judgments. The land lords dispose of the votes of the freeholders; the electors of the large towns are neither to be in fluenced nor bought, except by reason. A re presentative for a county, therefore, though his constituency may nominally be several thousand, really represents only a few landlords, and the. representative of a small town population CLIII 111 reality boast of a larger independent constituency • As an index to public opinion, we regard theretVns of the towns to be infinitely of more irnportanT. than the returns of the counties. The latter Will undoubtedly be against the. Whigs, but that the fbrmer is in their favour is a complete 1 )190 that they are nearer right . than their oppo nefl-,,, Y and must, in the long run, b e successful. We do not know any instance of the tants of the towns going back to the opin i " l ,: h p a , the inhabitant s o f the rural districts. Al l organs of public sentiment are established .: .towns. Almost all improvements, whether house-building or clothing, and many eve n „_ -agricultural instr umen t s , h ave t a ken their ri se '- towns. All the discoveries in science, nearly, have originat e d i n th e same places. The ion. bitants of towns march in the front rank lization, and the Mini s t er w h o h as their stn ir " "-:' may be sure of obtainin g thos e of the 1 1 0 ° turists at no distant day. It is consolatory to know that Catholic enziwof% cipation, the abolition of the slave-trade a °4 . slavery, the reform of Pa r liament, with el',,r: other political improvement of modern fir ac .; have been carried throu g h by the vetsencrgl of the inhabitants of th e t ow ns, an d „,he generally in despite of the opposition' inhabitants of the counties. They were fe e 0 supported in the beginning, but, after or years' of discussion and struggling, they' came the general opinion. Th e same P r f i e :bt, and the same results, a wa it, - we have no the great doctrines of free trade. To the w bulk of the town popul a ti on wa s not long .t ' t opposed. Protective and re st r i c tive laws, ju . .. e l fe e r t had their origin more in. a desire to I - " - manufactures r r ou than agricultu re . The town ,o ; lation are now.suffering fDr the errors and sins their forefathers, which are visited on theta ja o the third anti fourth fzenera ti on . They ha. been forced, however, by th e i r sufferingsto e. mine their theories, and th e y h ave , generallY: i w g come converts to the opinion that protective is ire are injurious to a coce.munity. Such, too, eve the opinions of the Micdsters ; and he mu st ". 0. 0 a shallow intellect and. u. little heart who desP A ' „ c , of the speedy and co m pl ete succes s of the " - re trines of free trade, b ecause t h ey ma y he at ; P- el sent successfully. opposed by t h e back sraru ..ii - " interested landlords . a n d th e voters whe w- '— command. ,s A ssa On the 30th ultim o we quo t e d a r frsm the Times, accusing the Tories 0 11. 113Yi pd resisted the ordinations of Providence , 0 ° ti t being very slow to comprehend its way s ' „ be I Contemporary then express l y said, 'ea defective state of the representation .ah to the introduction' of the Reform )3 lc • which, as we have often said before, sv a ' € ' fie casioned rather by a sort of philosophic' j i cessity than by the peculiar patriotism of a 0 ., • ascendant faction." We thought when w e r ( ! to ted that passage that we s h ou ld h ave to refer teif it frequently, in order t o a nswer th e Times i t . or the party of the Times. The first Pe r t I : 0 1 whom we must apply it is the great leacta I master of those presumptuous quad';, I° ' se. politics, thwart the ordin a ti ons o f 'pros 44 , e- t i it i i e Sir. 11. PEEL, in his Tamworth Ora+ _j o u us" following words : t hc o e It was just at the period you d tha,t events took place in France wkich, physical force triumphant ove r the.: cxllconstituted authn j .,tit of the country, which led a F.econd. great revob rt tion in France, and exp , -1* -.l‘Ora me the o athbrone of country, country, for the second ti'.ne, the Oder branch o f the M fi ° of Bourbon. Those events in Prr..nce made a deeP L i rc4 re to exhibited to 1 )"‘":: sion throughout the whole of Europe convals` id - public mind—in some countries led -to, rev olution', . a . 7 there were some whi c h es eape , l from the ind"el:;eo those great events. This great country was not from that influence : th're arose here a des ' ire.for c cot „r in the ancient institutio:is of the country • and the 0 ; quence was a fundamental change in the Coial ri n - oof House of Parliament. I thin foresaw that that g'• I Wa th s e a l c i ci o i r n e p s a a ni w, ed l wsaiyth, t a h l e - es i t al le p s o s , d t, e ri si c r e e o f f or la furthe r ei tir i n g the dations of a great Cinsevvative A pa . rty—(Lo j ud:Ac hee r the attached to the ancient fundamental institutions' Of ' country, not disposed to. resist such chancres as the l'd e circumstances of sOciecy might require, but a Pa. rt Y. termined to maintain on their ancient foundatioos institutions in Ch urc h an d State.—(Tremen d ou s Che e tb e Sir R. PEEL, far from believing then t bat r progress of society, and the overthrow of denta tire institutions fis according to the will Oi '' . ;;; ° , evidently now treats the desire which has aria. in England for political improvement and I° a II cal change, as the consequence of the rr e- tit e Revolution. , That again he disparages/ 15. 0 , I trzumph of physical forc e over t h e constit fi authorities, to whi c h goo d men ought to b e Z.; tt posed, and accordi ng l y asserts, t h a t from t en r period he had seen t h e necess i ty of ft) '; re A ing a large p ar ty to res i st t he r for change and improvement. The e °l ,.!, vat.ives, then, accordi ng to Si r RonnaT , are fbrmed into a party, on the principle of d : .1 1 g sitting the philo so phi ca l necess i ty o f amen 'di' defective institutions, and of opposing the ° ERT nations of Providence. Whether Sir 1° , 13 11 i. PEEL hal then really th e f oresight to will" ctou now lays claim, after the event, or merelY: 3 ja on resisting Reform on the blind and sae' , ve ry' prehension of little minds, which dread ' change their limited powers can .neither Iv :0 head nor control ; whether Sir ROBERT NO ot of a wisdom he did not thenpossess ornot, x no earthly consequence ;• all that we care 0 . ' . 4 show, by placing .111 juxta-position 'gib t and the language of his chief suppor tf iv at the Times and Sir ROBERT PEEL are ( .11 .'ecttijo variance. The one maintains that 1 h e tions of Providence, or philosophir_aL l ,ece it governs the affairs . of society; t' u e < itbe r '.d e at the great changes are the offsy rin4' ' )1 ace' sil l ' or change, which wis e men, lily esir Roo PEEL, must take means to p :even a ~d dir We briefly noticed yest_erdayb . e great -11 0 1 , cretion a this declaration af 4. 4 ir W! h is PEEL, and the distrus',. it WOl7 es -.cite 0 ' , • los government in our gratest an. d nein'es - boil boor, and that one who can d. yus t in and with whom it most beh .ove , •; us to lip tit: amity and peace. As might b e ex pe C t e a . extraordinary passage of t 1 aP prc ,,h u a,;.e 1 27 ein Minister's speech has alr ~,a dd, b E , en Inech con A mented on in the Pari .s i an given us a foretaste of A. mutrial national eXta' cerbation we may exPe!ct from ;pis accession t power. But -tl-.;ttipasst• ss;e is as fallacious as c l _ indiscreet. constituted.authorities ofFranese, jo,3mials, and I J S , tile orga . oised physical force of the ivil c. `" r :ate co , Jamencement of'lB3o, in P° s ', s w io e n re o , r 7 i kiisa - diii; and., vain of that support, just 116. 2 i. R•:i'EEL . and.tlie Duke of WELLINGTON al . ° " ,e constituted authorities endeavoured , a s , of the support. here of the organized forcet h°rJ.: PEEL and his friends endeavour, to stop „to ito progress of society, to arrest the marell he provement, provement, and extinguish the des ire in It v people to remedy defective institutio ns. f ;he —w d the press people—of the deputies, an fo ree l not the physical but the mural force 0 - t c o a l r e e d si into texercisethe o.organised e p r h s y o .s r i t a o l f p f li o .Y rc s e i e . a o l l s c the constituted authorities —that did, thank gan a i n se o t S essfully -- most successfully—ee? teaching constituted authorities si use. Al 1 : 3 "• Ja, and setting a noble example , which v, e 1101 L trust will be followed here wheneve'r Sir R. and his Conservative friends shalt 'imitate th tsti 11, C„ 9.4 el Cc .~\