The Sun. — London, England, 1841-01-21 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. THE NATIONAL DEBT AND CORN-LAWS. We copy the following from a pamphlet by a " Somersetshire Clergyman." It is, we are well as sured, quite visionary, as every thing true and good expected of the Legislature and of those in autho rity is quite visionary. To expect men in office to snake sacrifices, or set an example of patriotism, is contrary to the whole course of nature. They struggle, they fight to enjoy the emoluments and power of office, and to give up those would he like parting with life. The Bishops, too, care nothing for Christianity, nothing for the Church, nothing for the people ; through their whole lives they seek wealth a n d power ; and to ask them to retire from the House of Lords and lay down their incw:nes is to ask the Ethiop to change his skin. This Somer setshire Clergyman, therefore, according to the language of the world, though his writing is emi nently eloquent and eminently Christian, is a poor spooney. But so it " ever bath been, shall be, be neath the sun ;" and those who speak the words of truth and righteousness are crucified as malefactors, or ridiculed as fools. The extraordinary nature of the recommendation may, however, pique the curi osity of our readers, and therefore we insert it. It assume s the character of a speech delivered by her Majesty at the opening of Parliament : It has been stated that there are a thousand persons residing within a circle whose radius is ten miles, this house being the centre, whose united property could Pay off the national debt. It is not t o b e ex p ec t e d, however, that any particular class should surrender their ttitire property ; and it is but just that all who have rieltes, that is, all who possess food, clothing, and habi tation, and something to spare, should bear their share is this noble enterprise. It is also not necessary that the whole sum of eight hundred millions be liquidated in one year. It will be more equitable to the present generation to extend the payment over the next twenty Years ; and in the humble hope that I may live to see these my domir.ions free from debt I have determined to surrender. I ,All my palaces, lands, and forests, except Buck . ingham Palace and Windsor Castle. 2.—A1l revenues derived from the Duchies of Corn wall, Lancaster, or any other source, except the Civil List. 3.—One-half of my annual income arising from the Civil List, including the funds from which pensions are Paid, leaving all pensioners to seek a more honourable source of income. I have no doubt but that, in like manner, her Ma jesty the Queen Dowager will, out of the income of 100,000!. a-year, willingly cede to the nation which so willingly gave it, 90,000!. a-year ; and that, being only an individual without family or incumbrance, she will be most happy to live upon 10,000/. a-year. I am confident that my uncles, the Kings of Belgium and Hanover, will see it to be their duty to surrender all income or emolument which they now receive from this country. Each of my Ministers of State will he most happy to serve the country for 2,0001. a-year, and my ambas sadors, officers of my household, and all commissioners bill be reduced in like proportion. Out of regard to the peculiar sanctity of the office of the Bishops, and to prevent the scandal to religion which the wealth and pomp of the prelacy have brought Upon it, I do, with the authority vested in me, as head of the Church in all things of a secular nature, recom mend them to cede their income, their palaces, and their lands, with the accumulated wealth they have laid Up, to the supply of the exigencies of the State ; thus testifying their conviction that " it is more blessed to give than to receive ;" and in order that, having learned to abound, they may now learn in humble circumstances to be therewith content ; and that they may render useful service; and, after the fashion of apostolic sim plicity, be able to appeal to their brethren, to witness that their own hands have ministered to their necessi ties, I further recommend them to depart from this House, and diligently to apply their minds, first to the Practice and then to the preaching of Christ's holy gospel. As head of the Church, I further propose that the property of all Chapters and Cathedrals, all incomes of Deans, Canons, and Prebends, and of all livings, the excess above 3001. a-year, be devoted to the same great object ; and as it is one of the first lessons which the instructors of youth should instil into their minds to " owe no man anything," and as that precept is equally true of men in their collective as in their individual ca. P a nitY, I would suggest to the masters, tutors, and fel lows of all colleges and endowed schools, to surrender one half of the estates of such colleges and schools. The property of the Lords Temporal, and of all wealthy commoners. I propose to set free from all en tail and, b y an Act of the Legislature, to abolish the law of prinlogenitur‘e and I recommend that your Lord 'hips vie with each other in the extent of property that Yon will dedicate to this great object ; and let it henceforth be deemed a crime against the State for a wealthy man to leave property to those who are already wealthy, instead of bequeathing it to provide for the reasonable expenditure of the country to which he owes his birth, his many privileges, and the protection of his Property. I am credibly informed that the less respectable por !tion of the aristocracy are in the habit of violating the awe, and committing breaches of the peace, by wrench ing off knockers, breaking windows, and assaulting the po- Ilee,for which the punishment which the laws provide is ut ,lerly in a d equate ; I therefore propose that a fine of 1,000/. for each offence be paid;towards the 'liquidation of thena tinaal debt ; and if the offence be that of endeavouring by bribery or intimidation to influence an elector in the exercise of his franchise, that the fine in such case be the forfeiture of one half of the estate to the same pur 13°e and if the person so offending be in his minority, °r not come into possession of his estate, one half of the estate of his father, who has brought up a son in princi- Pies and practices so dishonourable. M Lords and Gentlemen—Permit me to assure you that the noble sacrifice which I now recommend will be infi nitely superior to your ostentatious charities and subscriptions to religious societies. To sanction a sys i!lo which ma k es men poor, and then by parochial re pi'el gifts of bread, clothing„ or fuel, to pretend to ty their poverty, is a mockery of true charity, which .Iseeketh not her own, which thinketh no evil, and re 3°ineth not i n i n i quity. " You part with a few hundreds !0 feed the poor, but you take front them as many thou ands, and you glory in the deed. You subscribe to the °adding of churches ; and if von did so in the spirit of themman w h o, because lie loved the Jewish na ti on , b u il t a synago gue , you would do well ; but you have no ri to be generous until you have been just, You Wt. !, 2 Pending on churches that which is not yours, but h bel ongs to the people ; and such profession of l o I gion, whil st you neglect its great command, " to love 4l __ Your neighb our as yours',df,' 'and " t o d o to ot h ers 4:12011 would abhorrenc that they e shou'id d unto you," is the very " e of th e wl - ;ich millions now feel towards (het holy religion, the infidelity now so inereas iint4;trit:Ltil:fd:l,,.lent.Taondthoef. rich young man, who came to ttlild to ask what lie should do, it was not said, synagogue.," or " Subscribe to religious in but—" Go and sell that thou bast, and 1 4 1 : to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in are The industrious millions of this enap:re youe Peer, and burthened with debt : I urge upon i n t he performance of the sacrifice which he whom ii-t 1 Profess to serve urged upon the rich when he was eastb. If y ou d o not trust i n r i c h es, you will whi e l . g ) .y follow the advice which I give, and the example the dot am about to sat ; an d if you d o trust i n r i c h es, se rvi Y is still more urgent, f or all your prayers and ,wces are nothing until you can become willing to part I th all the treasure on which your h ear t i s fixed. You ' ir e not invited to take upon you the Christian name chit • o yo u have don e thi s , s i nce t h e or d er i s " Go and that thou bast, and give to the poor," and then , se f?me and follow me." You are not invited to pre -047 Your s ubscriptions to religious institutions ; on the ta,itrirtar4,aisnosong as the people have just cause of coin you, the command to you is, " If thou t , l tig thy gift to the altar, and there renaemberest that brother bath aught against thee, leave there thy Riftbefore the altar, and go thy way ; first he ream -I(e.d i" thy brother, and that come and qffiy thy at." I" 're the evil consequences o f those unrighteous tati'oti'nWhich you an d your f at h ers have involved the 'which do you with th ose part i a l an d oppress i ve laws you and y our f at h ers have enacted ; and if you h tee a religion worthy of the respect of common Sa ul , imi tate tho converted publican Zaecheus, and oo y o i r " Behold, Lord, half of my goods I give unto the and if I h ave taken anything, from any man , I b etter him f our -fold. " Such a religion would be far ;7t!er t han the p ro f ess i on of even the purest creed, IN would infi n i te l y surpass the childish conceits of nanftsrn. 1,11 TAI. LOSS OF THE PHILESTRUS.----011 brig rhtl eadr.ay. inf ormation re ac h e d Ll oy d' s o f t h e total loss of the estrus, of Greenock, on the morning of Wednes - Ik aY weck l ast, in Dundrum Bay, on the coast of Ireland, Pat,rid at tended W i t h dreadful sacrifice of life. It appears the unfortunate vessel left New Orleans on Nov. 11. Greenock, h av i ng on b oard a valuable cargo of cotton. Th e crew consisted of the master, Captain Delley, first and ti e v ' n d mate, s i xteen seamen, and threa boys. At about Struck Lee o'cl oc k in the morning above-mentioned the vessel ' the sunk en rocks in Dundrum Bay, and became in and Wreck. All p er i s h e d except t h e second mate n t , 'o of the boys, who were washed on shore on a spar, tipieh they had lashed themselves. The spot where 44,eatastrophe occurred is some miles from any habitation, ,11:,._1,0 assistance could be obtained. The survivors re t.klned on the rocks eight and twenty hours, and were " fi kTt I y a sJing.senac . oss the teD urt A ` e4 tu be 2,0004 vessel is LITERATURE. TIPPO O SUL TA UN. 3 VOL N. Bentley, London, 1840. The " Confessions of a Thug," which attracted ' considerable notice last year—it was indeed the best romance of the season—was remarkable, not only for the wild and striking character of its inci dents, which, strange as they were, had their foun dation in fact, but also for the perfect knowledge of oriental scenery, usages, &c., which it displayed in every page. Precisely the same qualifications are to be found in the present romance, which is from the pen of the same author, Captain Meadows Taylor, who has resided several years in India, visited many of its most celebrated cities and most picturesque landscapes, and turned his opportunities of close observation to the best account. In the narrative before us he has undertaken to delineate the for tunes of the famous Tippoo Saib, the most for midable of the native princes, with the sole excep tion of his father, Hider Ali, that England ever warred against in the East ; and the capture of whose stronghold at Seringapatam was one of the proudest military achievements recorded in modern British history. The eventful career of this soldier king is traced, even down to the moment of his defeat and death, with great minuteness and accuracy, and the leading features of his charactcrare pourtrayed with such force and vieidness,though without the slightest attempt at overcharging the portrait, that we feel persuaded the author must have long and diligently studied his subject. We are introduced to Tippoo at the council-board ; at his wild elephant hunts ; on his throne of state, when he is receiving the am bassadors of other Powers; at the head of his army; and in his last desperate charge on his enemies within the walls of Seringapatam. In each and all of these circumstances his character is maintained with perfect consistency, and with a spirit that never flags. Of the subordinate personages of the story, the most effective are Ryman Khan—one of the Sultan's best officers and most confidential advisers —and his protegee, Kasim Ali, a young Synd war rior, who, after rescuing his patron's wife, Amneena, from drowning " in the raging waters of the Toombuddra," afterwards falls in love with her, and on the Khan's death, marries her, though not before the secret of his attachment has been made known to his patron, who of course becomes quite frantic with jealousy, and inflicts a severe wound on Amneena with his sword. If we have one fault to find with the story, it is that the author too often and too abruptly shifts the scene to England, which injures its effect as a continuous narrative, and breaks up the interest at the very moment when it is most exciting. We have also a little too much of the Hayward and Compton families in the first volume, though the character of young Herbert Compton is afterwards brought out with infinite skill ; and the details of his interview with Tippoo, when he refuses to enter into his service, are as exciting as anything that modern fiction has to show. Captain Taylor's descriptions all exhibit graphic talent of a high and rare order, and have the additional recommendation of being correct in point of locality ;—indeed he assures us in his preface that there is scarcely a spot mentioned in his tale, so far as India is concerned, " of which the reality does not exist." We shall hope cre long to have another Eastern romance from his pen. THE SPORTSMAN IN FRANCE. 2 VoLs. Colburn, London, 1841. The taste for sporting works, like that for fashionable and naval novels, is, we suspect, fast passing away ; nor can we wonder at it when we consider how many prosy, common-place produc tions of this sort have of late issued front the press. Tiger-hunting in India, bear-hunting in Norway and Sweden, salmon-fishing in Ireland, deer stalking in Scotland ; of each and all of these sports we have already had enough, and more than enough, especially as the details have had little talent to recommend them, though we must make an exception in favour of the sport ing sketches of Messrs. Apperley, Lloyd, and Scrope, which possess every quality that such sketches ought to possess. We fear we cannot make a fourth exception in favour of the volumes before us, which are devoted to the subject of field -sports in France, but are penned in such a meagre and lifeless style as satisfies us that the author is far more at home with his gun than his pen. He is not, however, devoid of a certain species of humour, and, despite the defects of his manner, contrives to amuse us with his details of the droll mishaps of an eccentric little French Marquis, who would fain have been thought a sportsman, but possessed not one requisite for the character. But the portion of the author's volumes that will excite the most general interest is that wherein he describes the boar-hunts of Lower Brittany, which will give the reader a very fair idea of the nature of this ex citing sport. We quote an account of a tragical adventure that occurred du r i ng one o f these boar hunts : " I had b .len waiting patiently for upwards of an hour, when a rustling at some little distance aroused my attention. I perceived a juvenile boar about thirty yards from me, and saluted the gentleman with the contents of my left bar: el, and turned him over. My aide-dc-camp Jacquot, despatched him with a kind of hatchet, and dragged the animal to the spot where I was stationed. In the course of an hour afterwards I killed another boar, about three-parts grown ; and Irons the number of shots I heard, I conjectured that my companions in arms had met with equally good sport. I hare now the painful task of recording a tragical ad venture, which will never be effaced from my memory. A huge boar, of savage aspect, came rooting and snort ing up the path, at the head of which I was standing. I took a deliberate aim at the brute and hit him in the chest ; he staggered, and turned down a small opening in the wood on his left. Poor Jacquot, in his anxiety to assist in the capture, followed the boar, and fund him at bay a short distance from the spot where he had been wounded, and where we had lost sight of him. I had scarcely reloaded ere 1 heard a discordant and horrible scream from toy faithful follower. I rushed to the spot, and found poor Jacquot on the ground, strug gling with his bristled antagonist ! I was horror-stricken at the moment, but, recovering my presence of mind, shot the savage beast instantly, having discharged both barrels within ten yards of him. I found this poor fellow with his thigh dreadfully lacerated, and his in testines protru ling from the lower region of the abdo men. It appeared that poor Jacquot had been fool hardy, or had conceived the animal to be more seri ously wounded than it turned out be had been. He had the temerity to approach the brute, with the view of despatching him with his hatchet, when the boar sprung up, and, rushing between his legs, upset and gored him in the horrible manner I have described." CHAUCER'S POEMS MODERNIZED. Whittaker, London, 1841. The idea of modernizing Chaucer's Poems—a task in which both Dryden and Popc signally failed—is one that deserves every encouragement ; for, except to the well-instructed few, the language of this earliest of our great poets is nearly, if not quite, unintelligible, and as dissonant as it is puzzling. Though his name is still rife among us, yet not one reader in a thousand ever ventures upon a poem of Chaucer, which is much to be regretted, for he will amply repay the task of a careful pe rusal, abounding, as ha does, in humour, pathos, picturesque description, and, above all, in spirited and circumstantial delineation of character. The labour of reading him, too, and getting at his pre cise meaning, is by no means so great as is gene rally imagined ; and as for his verse, though at first it may appear harsh and untuneable, yet by a little attention to accentuation, it is soon found to " discourse most excellent music." To those, how ever, who may shrink from the task of acquainting themselves with his works, except in a modernized version, we would recommend this little volume, which is from the pen of various writers, among whom we may mention Messrs. Wordsworth, Leigh Hunt, and Robert Bell, each of whom has acquit ted himself with spirit and discretion in the difficult experiment of giving somewhat of a mo dern air to the choice old Saxon English of Chaucer. The volume is introduced by an Essay on the genius of this fine poet, which, though a little too flowery and verbose in places, contains ' much sound observation, especially on the subject of versification, and the changes that have taken place in it since the days of Elizabeth. Speaking incidentally of Pope's paraphrase of the " Wife of Bath's Prologue," the Essayist remarks that " the licentious humour of Chaucer being divested of its quaintness and obscurity, becomes yet more licen tious in proportion to the fine touches of skill with which it is brought into the light." That the paraphrase is more licentious than the original, is perfectly true ; but not so that this increased licen tiousness exhibits "fine touches of skill." On the contrary, it is remarkable for nothing so much as its clumsy and revolting character. There is no neat, ingenious insinuation ; all is coarse, direct Prologue ex i q 3 u u L te t , he and versification of the far mare varied in its cadences than Pope's poems usually arc. By his remark that " folks of both sexes, in all ranks, swore without reserve, and enjoyed it very much," it would seem that the Essayist imagined that swearing was a fashionable peculiarity chiefly characteristic of Chaucer's age. But the fact is not so. In the days of Eliza beth both men and women of the highest rank swore like troopers ; and even the Virgin Queen herself never stuck at a good round oath when she was in a passion. But it was in the reign of Charles 11. that swearing was brought to its utmost possible perfection. In those chaste and pious tunes, high-born da,nes and Maids of Honour rapped out a hearty curse at every second word ; and none was more distinguished for these pleonastic elegancies of language than that astound ing vixen, the Duchess of Cleveland. At present swearing is proscribed in all select circles ; and in deed is seldom heard anywhere, except among sailors, cabmen, Billingsgate fish-women, or elderly choleric gentlemen with excessively red faces, who wear creaking shoes and a pig-tail. THE MOREA. Saunders and 011(71, London, 1841. We noticed this volume of poems some months ago in The Sint, and need now only say that our favourable opinion of them has been confirmed, and that they have reached a second edition. COPY OF A LETTER FROM THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Received by the last Steamer, and dated Dec. 20, IS4O. The newspapers you have sent me from time to time are acceptable on account of the sensible remarks they contain n currency, free trade, and other topics, which just now very much interest me. I have gone through the " Duties Report," and am much pleased with it. The various answers, and questions also, put to the witnesses ; show in a striking light the rapid progress of just and libe ral principles. I had no conception the manufacturers were so la ise as to comprehend the injurious bearings on their interests of the restrictive system, nor that any pub lic men in England would think it prudent to denounce the wickedness and folly of the Corn-laws and other oppressive acts in such severe and contemptuous terms as Mr. M'Gregor, Mr. J. D. Hume, &c. I hope the proceedings of the Committee will be followed up bs further examinations of other persons, and that copies of the report, or the substance of it, will be multiplied to thousands, and distributed through the nation. It is impossible but the great mass of property-men should soon find out the impossibility of maintaining your present po pulation of twenty-eight millions (by new census), and its iner,•ase, on the plan of compelling them to buy bread and meat at twice the cost in the neighbouring countries, and that enormous burden in addition to a tax of $250,000,000 for current expenses, and $30,000,000 for poor-laws, and an unknown amount for tithes, &c. How can your manufacturers compete with German, French, &c., and still more with us in such manufactures as we have the natural, and now, by favour of your bad manage ment, acquired abilities to prosecute ? The manufacture of coarse cotton goods is one of these, It commenced during the war of 1.112, made no progress till 1815, when some few factories were established on the most approved footing, and succeeded in making money by the aid of the tariff of 1816. Since then we have gone extensively into it, thc.ugh, owing to want of experience, economy, and capital, few only have succeed e d in m a ki ng money . y Now, however, a considerable portion do succeed, and we are constantly improving. To show the rapid progress in manufactures, I refer to 1826-27, and find we only worked up 103.483 bales of cotton, of about 340 or 3501b5.; in 1833-4 it extended to 196,413 bales ; in 1838-9, 276,018 bales ; and in 1840, 291,279 bales, of about 4001bs. each, equal to 116,511,6001ba. of cotton. You will find, on reference to " Burn's Glance," which I am told is good authority, that the average consumption of the United Kingdom, of yarn spun and consumed in the United Kingdom, does not exceed the quantity consumed in these States. To this most be added, for 1839, an import of cotton fabrics, chiefly from Great Britain, of fourteen millions of dollars, at a duty of 35 per cent. on the average, and twenty-five other charges, making upwards of twenty-three millions. I have once or twice called your attention to two points connected with this country, peculiar to us, and which should he borne in mind by your stntesmen in regulating the commercial intercourse between the two countries, and induce them to found it on the broadest principles of freo trade. 1. The extraordinary wealth of this country in propor tion to its population ; it is, out of all comparison, greater than any nation, England excepted. 2. The national wealth, instead of being mainly in the hands of one.fiftla of the people, is, nine-tenths of it, in the hands of eight-tenths of the nation, and so divided as to give the great mass a command over not only the neces saries, but the comforts, and what in most countries would be called the superfluities of life. The consequence is we are very efficient consumers. For instance, we, a nation of 16 or 17 millions, have been consuming about as many cotton fabrics as you with 25 or 26 millions, the richest and most industrious and most civilised nation in the world. Of coffee we consume 85 to 90 millions of pounds (you, about 25 millions), which passes to consumers at about 11 to 12 cents. per lb., about one-third of what your consumers pay. There is no duty here on that article, or on tea. Of tea you consume a larger proportion than we do ; but we consume 240 to 250 million pounds of sugar. Oar con sumption of cotton is about equal to France with 31 millions of people, and to that of 50 or 60 millions of Russians; who only consume about 40 to 45 millions of pounds of sugar. I go into these facts to show the importance of having an open unrestricted trade. Your politicians negotiate fur years to gain sonic advantage in a treaty with Portugal or Spain, or some country of a like condition, and what is it worth if you succeed ? What can be gained by a nation of beggars, monks, and smug glers like the Portugue eor the Spaniards? Why a free trade with the single state of New York, now containing 2,420,00 persons, is of more value than the whole trade of the peninsula of Spain and Portugal. Again, look to another consideration, the rapidity with which we in crease and the circumstances, namely, cheap lands, cheap government, &c., which render it nearly certain—certain as the future can be, of our continued increase in even a greater ratio. Dr. Franklin, sixty years or more ago, before we had an enumeration, pre dicted that we should increase iu a ratio of doubling in twenty-five years. It was thought extravagant, as beyond any instance in history. On referring to the census of 1790, I find the population doubled in 23 or 231 years : proceeding in a steady ratio to 1830. Since 1830, to judge of the returns made of the Is4o enumeration, the increase is at the rate of doubling in 20 years. The in crease between 1820 and 1830 was 331; between 1830 and 1840 it is 40 per cent., which will carry up the num. ber to 18 millions. If we go on at the same rate, we shall have 25,200,000 in 1850, and 36 millions in 1860; and if so, we shall conic up to the population of France. Why will not your statesmen lock alicad, and act in refer ence, not to what we are, but to what we must be? The Congressional returns of commerce, navigation, &c., present many facts of an interest:qg and gratifying nature our exports are 27 millions of dollars in excess of imports. This Indicates large payments on our foreign debt, and that this country has got lid of her surplus of foreign goods, and will be in a condition to import, and what is more important, to pay for more goods. If you would take our grain at a duty of .55., or even 10s. a quarter, we could send you to the amount of from 2,000,000/. to 3,000,0001., and the grain-growing States, if that was a permanent rate, would a: once extend the cultivation, and would always., or in most seasons, have a surplus to barter for your cottons, woollens, glass, iron, &c. I regret, in the examination before the Import Duties Committee, to find how few facts were brought out as to the extent and character of our trade with you, and as to the resources of this country, which, under a restrictive policy cn your side and ours, may be brought into com petition with yours. An iron-master is questioned as to tour iron ore, coal, &c., but answers as if' it were uncer tain if we abounded in them. There are in the 26 States about 80,000 square miles of coal and iron of the richest character, and waiting only for an increase of capital, skill, and experience to work them up to an extent equal to our consumption. As to coal, we produce nineteen-twentieths of all we consume, and of iron, perhaps three-fourths ; but its dearness prevents the teen use made of it in England. In Pennsylvania alone, it is cornruted they have 10,000 miles of coal and iron, being about five times the extent of the coal and iron of the United Kingdom. We are now opening copper mines, and they begin to be profitable. I wish some well-informed American had been called, and if rightly questioned, facts to fill fifty pages might have been procured of a very striking cha racter. Our navigation was 2,100,000 tons the end of 1839, and is now about 2,200,000, the returns not having been made. It was under 1,200,000 ten years ago; yours was in 1836, according to Porter, about 2,750,000 tons in the United Kingdom and colonies, having only in crested since 1826, in ten years, about 1,500,000 tons. The " Tobacco Convention" have met and reported that their tfforts to procure any attention in Europe to their request for a reduction of the excessive duties on that staple having failed of success, they deem it expe dient to call on Congress to enact discriminating duties on the products of those countries. It will not be done, but this party will join the High Duty Tariff Party in 1842 in procuring extreme duties. The matter will come on for discussion next Congress, a body more favourable, as in our General Harrison and his supporters, to prohi bitory duties, than the Van Buren party. It is, in truth, the great mass of the nation who favour this bad system, and therefore cannot be lessened unless we can induce your Government to repeal the Timber and Corn-laws, and it should be done sown, immediately to have any ellect on the new proposed tariff. . . We shall probably resume specie payments in Phila delphia and sow, other cities on the 15th of January, but the return to specie payments will not be universal south of the Potomac. It is even uwertain if the United States Bank can maintain specie payments; it depends, perhaps, on new borrowings on your side..—Morning Chronicle. SUNDERLAND.—It is not perhaps generally known that there are not only more ships built on the banks of the Wear annually than at any other port, but there is absolutely a fourth part of the whole of the ships of the United Kingdom built at Sunderland. The average num ber is, we believe, not less than 250 built on the Wear in the course of a year.—Port of Tyne Pilot. CARTER, THE LION KING,--This gentleman acted on Saturday morning last, at Edinburgh, before the Marquis of Lothian, Lord Dalhousie, the Lord Provost, Lord and Lady \Valdcgrave (late Miss Brabant), Countess Wemyss, Lady Charlotto Fletcher, Lady Louisa Forbes, Lady Suttie, Lord and Lady Belhaven and Stenton, Lord and Lady Ruthven, Lord Elcho, Sir George Warrcnder, Sir W. Amitrutlier, Admiral Millie, 4c, THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 21, 1841. THE INUNDATIONS. BRENTFORD. NEW B RENTFORD,WEDNESDAY EVENING.-The extreme fineness of the day has caused a great influx of persons into the town, for the purpose of witnessing the reality of the extensive destruction oecasoned by the fearful inundation on Sunday morning last, and throughout the day every avenue leading to the banks of the Grand Junction Canal, from which a view could be obtained, has been thronged by persons having that object. As it was arranged at the meeting last evening that the owners of every barge should send four men, and the owners or agent of every monkey-boat two men for the purpose of making a joint effort with the Grand Junction Company to raise the wrecks, a body of men assembled about seven o'cicck this morning for that purpose; but, in the absence of the proper gear and of a person to super intend, very little was done. At nine o'clock Sir Francis Head arrived at Brentford, on time part of the Canal Com pany, and on being informed of the decision of the meet ing, objected to it, expressing his belief that it ought to devolve on the Navigation Committee of the Thames to see to the raising of the wrecks, but that if the Com pany did it, the arrangements and execution of the task must be entrusted to their officers. After much discus sion, that arrangement wns, we understand, agreed to, and it was determined that the operations should commence to-morrow morning. The flood has since Sunday greatly subsided, yet the water was last night much higher than usual, and a barge belonging to a lighterrnan named Marsden, while lying in the canal, was swamped. Between sixty and seventy of the men, women, and children belonging to the monkey boats still continue in mates of the Infant School in the Butts, supported by the subscriptions of the inhabitants. INQUEST ON ONE OF THE SUFFERERS. At noon a Jury was impanelled at the Catherine Wheel public-house, before Mr. T. Baker, to inquire into the circumstances attendant upon the death of William Spruce, aged 19 years, who was drowned during the late inun dation. The ConoNEß—The inquiry upon which they were about to enter appeared to him to be one which they could not properly bring to a conclusion without, in some measure, entering into the causes which led to the calamity; to al certain which it would probably be necessary to adjourn the inquiry to another day. He would therefore suggest to the Jury that they should view the body, and also the spot where the occurrence took place, and on their return receive evidence as to the identity of the deceased, and then adjourn for a week. _ On the return of the Coroner and Jury to the ir.quest room, _ _ The CORONER said, from the view they had taken, there was no doubt in his mind that, on the removal of the wrecks, other bodies would be found. He could, as ho had pre viously said, take the evidence of persons as to the identity of the deceased, and leave the primary cause and the lia bility of parties, should any be blameable, to another time, as in that case the Jury would require the report of a per son scientifically competent to determine those points. The Rev. Dr. Stoddard observed that, as the clergyman of the township, he had attended with the churchwardens, for the purpose of stating to the Coroner and Jay that several applications had been made to them by inhabitants, that a full inquiry into the causes of the calamity should be gone into. There was no doubt the flood had been the primary cause; but if the gates were not opened to allow the water to pass off, and if therefore any persons should be to blame, an important question would arise as to the liability of parties. He therefore hoped the inquiry would be adjourned, that the fullest evidence might be adduced. The CORONER inquired whether the Magistrates had in stituted any inquiry on the subject, and was answered in the negative. Richard Sivers examined,—l am a bargeman, and re side in the Ham, New Brentford. I knew the deceased, William Spruce. He was a barge boy, in the employ of Mr. William Fowler, a lighterinan, at Brentford End, and was about nineteen years of age. The body which has been viewed by the Jury is that of William Spruce. A Juror.—What in your opinion, was the cause of the barges getting adrift ? Witrrss. —I should say the tim ber-floats. Examination continued.—On Sunday, at eleven o'clock, I observed the body of the deceased lying on its side under the waters of the Grand Junction Canal, opposite Mr. Roger's house, in New Brantford, and as the waters sub sided they left his arm apparent. I have no doubt the de ceased was forced into that position by the flow of the waters. He was apparently drowned, and free from any marks of violence. The accident I conceive arose from the heavy flow of water, caused by the melting of the snow and of rain, which forced away the timber. Seve ral floats of timber, I supposed lying in the river Brent, called the Old River Brent, and which were not sufficiently fastened, gave way, and carried no less than fourteen barges, and about sixteen monkey-boats away, and threw them all in a heap, two, three, and even four upon each other, so as to be raised upwards of twenty feet above the level of the water, where they now remain by the Duke of Northumberland's wall, opposite the Boar's Head-yard. The wall has also been forced down by the water. By the CORONER—I know of no actual breach in the banks of the canal, but only of a rise in the waters above the banks and locks of both the river and canal. A Juror observed that the locks were not at all opened at the time of the flood, which ought to have been done when the water was found to be rising so much. Examination resumed—The water, when at the highest, rose to within less than a fcot of the top of the arch of Brentford-bridge. By the COIZONEK —D3 you consider the timber floats were properly placed where you have stated ? Witness--No, I do not. The barges would not, in my opinion, have got afloat had not the timber driven them. They would never have been swamped and wrecked to the number of near thirty, had it not been for that. I cannot tell the exact number, as several are out of sight in the water. The loss of property must be immense; by some it is estimated at 50,0001. By the Jury—The position of the timber floats was dan. gerous. I consider the whole accidental, and cannot at tach blame to any one; but I have known similar floods of water from the ice suddenly breaking up, without da maging any of the craft. There were then, however, no timber floats there. The canal is dangerous to navigate when these floats aro there. The timber belongs to Messrs. Dovvson and Co. Ido not know to whom the right of navigating the stream belongs, unless to the cor. poration of th e Ci ty o f L on d on . A Juror ob serve d t h ere were ot h er t i m b er fl oa t s th ere besides Messrs. Dowson's. Some belonged to Mr. Os borne, and so me to M r . S aun d ers . The CORONP.R then suggested that, as a wide and vastly important fisld had now been opened, the inquiry had bet ter be adjourned. A Juror thought it would be better, before an adjourn ment was agreed to, that the monkey boatmen might be examined, as they might probably be gone to their homes before the Jury met again. The CORONER expressed his readiness to abide by the wishes of the Jury. William Cooksey examined—l live at Aldborough in Shropshire, and am a boatman belonging to the Queen monkey boat, which is the property of the Horsley Com pany. My boat was attached to the barge William Henry, belonging to Mr. William Fowler, which was moored off Mr. Fowler's wharf, just below Brentford.bridge. My boat was outside of the barge. About half-past three o'clock, or front that to four o'clock, on the morning of Sunday last, I saw the deceased on the top of the cabin of his own barge, as we were coming from Mr. Fowler's wharf, round the Ham, in the direction of where the boats, &c., were afterwards found. We were goicg as rapidly as a bird flying. The barge had both timber and ice with her. I did not see the deceased knocked off the cabin of the barge, neither did I see him fall into the water. The timber kept coming down the stream for two hours, and broke the barges away ft om their moorings. Nothing could resist the force of the timber. By the Cotton) R—The waters were rising for full three hours. It was full a yard in half an hour. We were driven against the Duke of Northumberland's wall, and I put a boy over, who fastened a rope to a tree, by which means no less than 21 men, women, and children were safely got over the wall, and their lives spared. Deceased was asleep in the cabin until we awoke him, when he came up to the top of the cabin. By a juror—The timber Boats were the cause of all the destruction, in my opinion. The water was completely blocked up by the timber and ice. The CORONER remarked, if the timber could be proved to have been moored there illegally, then a question amounting to manslaughter would arise. They would not, however, enter into that at present. John Jones, of Leicester, boat-boy to the Tipton Lass monkey-boat, afforded no additional information. His examination being at an end, The CottoNEß said lie thought it would be better at that point to adjourn, in which opinion the Jury acquiescing, the jurors were bound over in the usual recognizances, and the inquiry was adjourned until this du week. GPFAT FLOOD, AND ItAiLWAY PARTLY iv n in e g ar I h .. c o r u e g , hborough, being washed DE STK° y E D . The mail train from . London l y v i e n s ig t n e r t d tho a a y ta fournpeair: neighbour. theuurrs. la . here this serious mis prnotidnight. Precautionary warning to the ad. give e ar has prevented injury i behind idlan d i timets co unt iiens line,tr r stopped, and shoved back to Leicester. chmv away haoenioeacdfs i.unbrhgye had train, r h hha the ei occurrednv ti heavy rnawgi en been ae reached en o o s hto d aao pk n npe o :na w .hf ett eotprevailingsor g cither to the carriages or the passengers they conveyed. t r , h . e a s m, then engaged for taking the mails to -chaises w ere also en_ gaged drivers of the train, upon being made aware of the length of embankment )as s o c f n 2 g s e r n a l . i l e s T ; h e lm l ei t i carried away is computed at from two to three milea,— Sh cei rid Iris. _ —__ g g D A a tin e g i r f e u b c y n i bi , e ; olfalorbruesth the distance l SUDBURY. JAN. 18.—In consequence of the rain and rapid thaw, we yesterday experienced the highest flood remembered here fur the last ten years. Owing to the strength of the current bringing down large pieces of thick floating ice, fears were entertained for the safety of the bridges, &c., but, though struck with great violence, no serious damage was done ; the water rose so high in the street opposite All Saints Church , in Cross -str eet and Ballingdon, that foot-passengers were prevented from passing without sub jecting themselves to an inconvenient wetting. The roar ingf t h e water and ice, as it passed b etween and against 0 the piles of the bridge leading into Essex, was so grea t as to be heard at a considerable distance. Many gardens, and the first or lower floor of several houses in the lower and Ballingdo:,, part of the to wn were flooded sev( rat inches deep, the current passing through the passages into the street.—Bury Post. During the week great activity has been appa rent in the embassie s of Austria, Russia, Turkey. and Prussia. Baron Bulots , the Tur kish Ambassador, B a r on 13runow, B aro n Nieurnami, and Viscount PAlmerston. have had several left ralt 4sib oLferietnuenim iuse for es;Linteon Tuesday night Baron I' i egeßerlin, charged with despitfacE, • SCOTLAND. EDINBURGH, MONDAY.—For the last few days the mails have been hours behind time, owing to the roads being blocked rip with snow. The road betwixt here and Car lisle on Friday was so had as to require six horses for the mail. When it arrived at that dreary exposed part of the country at Mosspaul Inn, which is 32 miles north of Car lisle, the innkeeper informed the guard, that the road northward was quite impassable, as carriers coming south. ward had to abandon their carts, and fight their way with great difficulty to the inn with their horses ; indeed, that the road was a regula7 block up, and therefore advised him to remain with the mail until Sunday morning, for to go forward was liazlrdous in the extreme. The guard, how ever, considered it his duty to proceed as far as he possi bly could, and therefore set out with six horses. The coach thus proceeded with considerable d,fficulty for three miles, when it was upset. The guard managed to procure aid, and the coach, in which there were no passengers, after many unsuccessful attempts, was at length raised. The guard retained the men who had given their assistance for the purpose of helping to clear the road, and especially to remove the carts which had been abandoned on the track. They succeeded in getting on fur a mile and a-half, when they were brought to a stand-still by an extensive and formidable wreath of snow. There was no alternative but to attempt to hew out a path. They succeeded in clearing the obstruction, and advanced with a fair start for another mile and a half, when they were similarly opposed. This was at 12 o'clock on Saturday night, and the party notwith standing the tempestuous state of the weather, manfully endeavoured to clear their way, but so deep was the snow at this spot, that with a short intermission they had to la bour until half-past nine on Sunday morning. At this hour the mail coming south which loft Edinburgh at seven o'clock on Saturday night, hove in sight, being conveyed in a post-chaise. It was then deemed advisable to ex change vehicles, as Mr. Macintyre, the Guard, had so far cleared the route southward. \Vher. ready to start north ward with this post-chaise, the succeeding mail from the southward also came up, drawn by six horses ; so that both mails, namely, that which left London on Friday evening, and the one on Saturday morning, progressed onward to gether, the post.cbaise taking the lead as a pioneer to the regular mail-coach. In this way they reached Tor sonce Inn, twenty-six miles to the south of Edinburgh ; here the roads were again so heavy that it was found nec:ssary to attach an additional pair, or s':x horses, even to the light post-chaise. From this point to Fushie-bridge, the road crosses Middleton Muir, where a road had been cut, in some parts, through no less than ten feet of snow, while from three to four feet of snow still remained on the surface of the ground. At various places it was with the greatest difficulty that the vehicles could be kept from overturning. Betwixt Fushie Bridge and Edinburgh the progress was comparatively easy. We are assured that for several years the roads to the south have never been so bad as they were on Saturday night and Sunday morn ing. During the long-continued storm in January and February, 1838, when several of the north country roads were blocked up for three weeks, the London mail, via Carlisle, was, on the worst day of the storm, only nine hours behind its time, which was the longest detention it experienced during that winter. DUMFRIES. The snow which fell on Saturday was followed by rain as the night set in, and by daylight on Sunday fields, gardens, trees, shrubberies, and house-tops had undergone something approaching to a complete revolution. Patches of snow still remain, and may linger for days, should the frost return or the weather remain dry ; but the great breadth has been swept away to mingle in a liquid state with the waters of the Solway. The woods, formerly so beautifully frizzled, have resumed their usual sombre ap- pearance in January. The roads, although heavy, are again open ; so that in a day or two at iirthest her Majesty's mails will arrive and depart at the times ap pointed, without further let sr hindrance. At eight o'clock on Sunday morning the ice between the bridges and to the verge of the caul broke up with a tremendous crash ; nor was there merely one but a series of explosions, not unlike distant thunder; and for a time the melee was fearful to look on, as the gorged elements above and below rent, roared, spouted, and boiled. TEXAS, We have been favonred by a Correpondent with the tariff of Texas, as modified by the second Congress. GOODS ADMITTED DUTY FREE. Axes for husbandry Iron and steel unmanufac- Arms and all munitions of tuned w•ar Iron implements of husbandry, Bacon or of any description, it Bread stuffs brought by emigrants for Bale rope their ew•n use Barley Liquors, malt Beef, pickled Lumber Beets Lime Beans IVachinery of all kinds Books Oats Baggage in actual use belong- Onions ing to emigrants Pork Bricks Potatoes Building stone Ploughs __. Carts Rice' Corn Sugar Coffee Salt Cotten bagging Slates Clothes in ure Seeds Coal Tongues Drays Tea Flour Tools in actual 115 C Farming utensils Tiles for building Furniture of all kinds Vinegar Hai ness Wheat narrows Hoes Waggons The following articles are subject to a specific duty : Almonds, per lb., 3 cents Nails and Screws, per 100 Butter, per lb., (11 cents lbs., 100 cents Brandy according to strength, Pepper, per lb., 5 cents per gallon, 30 to 73 cents Raisins. per lb., 3 cents Cinnamon, per lb., 10 cents Spice—Pimento, 5 cents Clores, per lb., 10 cents Cloves and Cinnamon, 10 Candles, Tall:iw, or Sperm, cents 2 cents Spirits, unenumerated, S3lllO 'iVax, 4 cents as Brandy Corks, 121 cents Saltpetre, per lb., i,i t cents Cordage, 2 cents Tobacco—Cigars per 1,000, Fish—Cod, per 100 lbs., 100 200 cents cents Whiskey according to strength, Mackerel, per brl., 150 cts 25 to 50 cents Salmon, per brl., 200 cts Wines—French, per gallon, Herrings, per brl., 1:0 c' s 25 cents Herrings in boxes, per 100 Port, per gall.. 371 cents lbs., 100 cents Tenerille, per gal., 371 } Os Shad, per brl., 150 cents Spanish, red or white, per Filberts, per lb., 3 cents gall., 25 cents Figs, per lb., 3 cents German, red or white, per Liquors in bottles, per doe., gall., 50 cents 100 cents Madeira, per gal., 75 cents Molasses, or Syrup, per gal- Cha:r pagne, per dez., 100 c lon, 5 cents Upon the following articles the duty is charged ad raloron: Apples, 25 per cent Hats, 25 per cent Boots and Shoes, 25 per rent Iron, maaufactnred, 20 per ct. Brats,: manufactured, 20 per Ivory, 20 per cent cent Jewellers', 33 1-8 per cent Brushes, 20 per cent Lead, manufactured, 25 per Cotton, manufactured, 10 per cent cent Mustard, 25 per cent. Clothing, not in use, 30 per ct. Oils, 15 per cent Copper, manufactured, 20 per Pickles, 25 per cent cent Pewter, manufactured, 20 per Carriages for pleasure, 25 per cent cent Paints, 20 per cent Cards, playing, 50 per cent Silk, manufactured, 30 per et. Combs, 25 per cent soap. yellow, 4 per cent Drugs and medicines, 20 per —, other sorts, 2 per cent cent Tools, not in actual use, IS Earthenware, 20 per cent per cent Fruits, apples, and peaches, 25 Tin, manufactured, 20 per et. per cent Tobacco, otherwise than in Glass and glassware, 20 per ct. Cigars, 30 per cent. Unenumerated articles are subject to a duty of 25 per cent. ad valorem. . _ The rules and regulations of the custom-houses in the United States are adopted in this Republic as far as eircumstancks and the applicability of the laws will permit, NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. (From the Brighton Gazelle ) PORTSNIGUTit, JAN. 19 —The Avon steamer, Lieut. Pritchard, and Pluto steamer, Lieutenant Blount, are run ning to and fro with volunteer seamen for the ships fitting out. The latter vssscl is to accompany Captain Trotter's steam squadron to the Niger River, afterwards to return to England. The Athol troop ship, Mr. Bellamy, master, command ing, was to rail from Cork on the 13th instant for Corfu, with the 42d Regiment on board. The Apollo troop ship, Mr. White, will proceed during the week to the same destination, with the 97th Regiment. Tho Lit ard steam vessel, Lieutenant Estcourt, is daily expected from the river. This vessel is intended for sur veying service, under the orders of Captain*Beechey, on the coast of Ireland. The only ships equipping at this port are the Indus, 84, Captain Sir James Stirling, and Tweed, 20, Commander Douglas. There is, however, the same activity in the public establiluncnts as heretofore ; several large ships arc rapidly approaching to completion for commission, if required. The Cracker tender, Mr. Rogge, master, is to return to Jersey in a few days with provisions and•stores for the clatter Seaflovver, stationed there for the protection of the fishery. The new steamer Driver, in charge of the master of the Victory, has departed for Woolwich to be fitted with en gines and other machinery by Messrs. Seward and Co. of Limehouse. The only vesscli of war for the protection of English mercantile property at Lisbon, on the 12th instant, were the Trineulo, 16, and EtToir, 10. This station, it (is said, will in future be presided over by a Commodore of the Ist The Locust steamer, Lieutenant Lunn, is to relieve the Confiance steamer. The former arrived at Malta on Christmas-day. The Monarch, 84, Captain Chambers ; Iris, 2G, Captain Nurse; and Pelican, lti, Commander Napier, are the only ships of war fitting out in the river. They arc all nearly ready to leave for Spithead. The Ringdove, IG, Commander Steuart, and Satellite, IS, Commander Hobbs, are daily expected from Halifax to be paid 011. Lady Stanley and her infant son, we are happy to learn, are both going on very favourably. METROPOL LTA N HOSPITALS.—At an in quest held the other evening, at the Royal Free llospital, Greville- street, on the body of an unfortunate woman who had perished through want, combined with disease, the Rev. R. C. Packman observed, in answer to a question from Mr. \Vakley, the coroner, that it was the intention of the Trustees to erect a new and extensive building, in a healthy suburb of t.te metropolis, and to keep the present premises in Greville-ztreet, as a receiving house and dispensary, Mr. Wakley highly enlogis,d the inten tion, and said it was well worthy of the humane, inasmuch as the sites of all the London hospitals were anything but healthy—indeed, as a sanatory measure, it was highly debiral:.'e at dialects rouelict - cdit on the or;giratos. THE CHARTISTS' LEADERS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia,—lt is with feelings of sincere regret that I adopt the present mode of giving warning to me fellow.coun`ry_ men who bea r th e name o f Ch ar ti s t s . I n the first place, it will be looked upon by many of them as the voice of a Whig; and, in the second, as that of some disappointed person, whose ambition has received a check. To all such I say, read me well before you judge me, and I promise you that your eyes will be open to the truth ; and, instead of condemning me for either of the above suspicions, you will respect me as a good c i t i zen, an d an un fli nc hi ng Chartist. Now, fellow-Chartists, that we aro about to enter a fresh campaign--ay, a fresh struggle for those principles so dear to every lover of freedom, and so just in themselves, that our very enemies dare not deny their purity, let us not be led away by that frothy intemperance which has hitherto disgraced our Leaders ; an intemper ance which, while it destroyed every chance of our suc cess, fed our thoughtless vanity, and lulled us into a belief of their sincerity. But, oh, how sadly were we deceived, and how disappointed did we not look upon each other ! Shame followed reason, and disgust quenched the fire of enthusiasm. But it was not disgust at the principles for which we were disposed to risk all. Oh, no, my fellow countrymen ! tey a or re too gliously surrounded by the shades of departed patriots, whose me u mories arc . our support, when powerful knaves attempt to despise— but it is disgust at our own weakness, in being led by men whose interests lay in keeping your minds unset tled—men whose very fortunes depended upon the amount of excitement they produced—men whose venality is be yond dispute—men whose very trade lay in politics, whose ' career is to be traced from beggars to that of independent money-loving and grovelling shopkeepers, more covetous than the very shopecracy they took so much pains to de nounce. It is against such men as those I would warn you in future, and against such exhibitions as they are capable of producing. Oh, it grieves me to the heart to see the vampires feeding fat upon our weakness, and that, too, before the face of the world ; and yet no one will he bold enough to expose their villainy, and show then: that their occupation's gone. I assure you, Mr. Editor, that I am in no way at dag ger's point with those men calling themselves the Leaders of the working classes—on the contrary, I have received from them great kindness—at least as the world has it— and have no other motive but that of preventing such ex hibitions as Smithfield was a short time ago the field of action, such as, " Are ye ready to die to a man?" "We arc, we are !" " Aro ye ready to storm Newgate if the Lord Mayor should think it necessary to invite me to a visit ?'' " We are, we are !" These Punch and Judy ex hibitions I wish not to have repeated ; and, indeed, my countrymen must be fully aware of the great injury such are likely to do our cause, which with prudence must cer tainly prosper. I will ask the London Chartists a few questions. Is Frost or the man who spread the fl AMC of violence in Wales most to blame? Can the man who spread that violence be trusted as a leader of the people, when I tell you that when Frost was upon his trial for life cr death, that man kept snugly at home under pretence of family affliction ! Ay, under pretence. Coward like, he skulked as a mouse into a hole, instead of, by his presence in Wales, sympathising with the unfortunate, whose sufferings were owing to the temerity of an adventurer. Sir, I could fill your paper with characters—names— ay, and residences of parties calling themselves the friends of the people, the leaders of the people, when in reality their substance is nothing but what has been created by the weakness arid gullibility of the masses. To check these evils, Sir, is my only object. And to prove to you I am no enemy to Chartism, I forward you my real name and place of residence; and remain, Sir, with great respect, your obedient humble servant, London, Jan. 20, 1840. A LONDON CHARTIST. THE APOCALYPSE AND THE CHURCH. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Having in the course of my ecclesiastical studies found frequent mention of " Sanderson's Essays on the Apocalypse" (a duodecimo volume which came out four or five years ago), I shall feel obliged to any of your nume rous readers who can inform me where it was published and by whom sold. It may seem ertraordinary that a book of so very recent a date should not be found any where in the trade, yet such is the fact; and the reason given to me by the book sellers is, that it was bought up by the Conservatives and the High Church party, with a view to its suppression. They are reported to have felt extremely indignant at the application to themselves of certain portions of the Apoca lypse, which had been supposed until then to apply to the Church of Rome. Should the above curious anecdote be true (and the scarcity of the book appears to confirm the statement), it may furnish a solution of the enigma of reli gious dissent which has sprung up throughout the Esta blished Church. Evangelicals pull one way, and Pusellites another way, whilst Methodists, and some others also, prefer sailing under their own flags to taking convoy from any adverse sect. 11 7 ho this Mr. Sanderson may prove to be, whether an Ecclesiastic or a Layman, anybody, or nobody, I cannot learn, for there may be no such person in existence. One thing, however, must be admitted by every unpre judiced person, viz., that, if the Conservatives supposed his attacks upon them to be unfounded, it would have been far more manly to have answered his charges and accusations than to have endeavoured to elude them by suppressing the volume in which they arc contained. There is an old adage that, "Magna est veritas, et prevalebit," for truth will alawill always make its way. Great wealth may, indeed, impede its course for a season, but ultimately it will, emerge in redoubled splendour, and such will unques tionably be the case with these suppressed essays when ever they shall be republished by their author. I remain, Sir, your most obedient servant, Canterbury, Jan. 20. ANDRONIC US. GREECE. ATHENS, Dec 30, 7840. A considerable number of visitors arc sojourning here at present, and among them there are no less than nine clergy men of the Church of England. The Crown Prince of Ba varia, Maximilian, arrived here yesterday in an Austrian steamer from Corfu. The Marquis and Marchioness of Londonderry are expected here this afternoon from Patras, Delphi, Corinth, &c. In consequence of much publicity having been given by the English and Continental Newspapers to the recent horrible acts of torture and cruelty practised by the police of Athens, sanctioned, as it wculd appear, by the King, some attempt at explanation has been put forth by an Athenian Journal in the interest of the Court, but not one of the charges has been refuted. It is to be hoped that these disgraceful outrages will be discontinued, or, if not, that the European Powers, who placed a Bavarian dynasty on the Throne of Greece, will insist on such truly mon strous ontrages being abolished. The City of Dublin steamboat has been placed upon the station between Malta, the lonian Islands, and Greece, and has proved totally unfit, in every respect, for the work, so much so that she will now have to lay up at Malta a second time, to make good defects, and it i 3 notorious that not only is there a want of power in the engines, but that the accommodation for passengers is excessively bad; in short, just what might be expected from a coasting steamer destined to carry pigs and their attendants. It is incom prehensible how those who act on behalf of the London Post-office authorities can permit the contractors to em ploy such incompetent vessel. The sum paid by the Post-effice to the steam company is eery Ilrge, and should at least entitle the public, whose money it is, to have the service properly and punctually performed. SOUND MADE VISIBLE.--A most ingenious snd valuable discovery has just been made by Mr. Soutii worth, of Chectham, Manchester, by means of which an individual, although unacquainted with the art of writing, is enabled to take down the speech even of the most rapid speaker, and, what is yet more surprising, in such a way as to indicate the peculiar emphasis with which it may be delivered. As the inventor has not yet secured a patent right, all that we are at present enabled to state is, that it bears some analogy to photogenic drawing. It is well known in the latter case, that when a substance properly prepared is presented to objects illuminated by the rays of the sun, it receives a distinct and faithful impression of them, which is afterwards rendered permanent by suitable chemical agents. So also the present discovery consists of a piece of mechanism which is as susceptible of the impres sion of sounds as the tympanum of the ear, which impres sion remains permanent, and is as perfectly legible as the clearest typography. Inventors' Magazine. EXTRAORDINARY COURAOE.—'Tie Helvetic contains the following narrative:—" At nightfall, on the 2d instant, two men knocked at the door of the cure of Carignan, near Friburg, and being let in, begged for charity. One of them, pretending to be ill, requested the cure to give him a recommendation in writing to some medical man who would give him advice gratis. M. Money, the cure, consented, and went to his secretaire; but he had scarcely written three words before he was felled to the ground by one of the men, and lay senseless and bleeding. At the same moment the other Made an attack upon the female servant, the only other persOti in the house, expecting to make an easy conquest. She, however, made a resolute and powerful resistance, and struggled with such success that she drove her assailant out of the room into the passage, and continued her exer tions till she got him to the head of a staircase, leading down to a cellar. Making a last desperate cffort, she threw bins headlong to the bottom. The fellow', however, still held his grasp, and drew her down wit h him, The contest lasted sonic time longer, but the brigand at length, severely injured by the fall, became exhausted, and rebit quished his hold. Etimulatcd by this success, the un daunted woman carefully stole up t he staircase, made her way cautiously through an adjoining barn—avoiding two women connected with the rubbers, one keeping watch at the back, and the other at the front of the house—and, without her cap and shoes, which had come off in the con flict, and divested of oth er parts sof to h e c r al call the garments, neighbours, had been torn from her person, ran She found none but women at home. These, however, inspired by her courage, armed themselves with pitchforks and other rude weapons, and hastened to the ;cure's house. Meantime the robbers and their female associat es , dis couraged by their d efeat, had m.sde offwithout v en t ur i ng to take of \t a i g th e, was f) them ',u nasinglealive, The cur e , w h o i s 7 4 years dreadfull y wounded. None of the assailants have been tak en , but their detec tion. is hoped for." M Y STERIOUS PROFESSION. " Now, Tom " direct the printer of a country news ., a ,, cr . . ' tions to his apprentice, " put the ' i fo k reig ' n i l rl ea g der l s n ' l4- itito the galleys and lock 'ens up—let Napoleon's ie remains as have a larger head—distribute the army • line and finish the British Ministers'—make n-a c ke t'— : th t‘ e ke •o up a Princess' to volt on with the Duchess of Kent' —move the Kerry hunt' out of the chase— get your stick and conclude ' the horrid m ur d et ' t h at Joe began last ' night— wash your hands and come into dinner, and then see that sit the pie i. elea:ed up, EVENING EDITION THE MURDER OF MR. WEST: WOOD. Under the above head some particulars have recently been given of the trial, conviction, and subsequent sen tence of transportation of a person at the Hull sessions. who was supposed to have been concerned in the above murder. A sort of contradiction was afterwards given, but the matter was not at all placed in its true light. The following particulars in connection with the subjec: have been obtained by a correspondent from a source that may be relied upon. It has been ascertained that the individual in question, a few years ago, carried on the business of a watchmaker at Kingston, and having got into his possession a number of watches to repair, he decamped with them, and went to London, and when the hue and cry after him bad in some degree subsided, he allied himself with some of the gambling fraternity, and was part proprietor of a gaming -house in Leices ter-square. Soon afterwards he became acquainted with the female who was with him at Hull, and who passed for his wife, deserted his own wife, took up with her, and they proceeded together to Hull, where the fraud and felony were committed which led to the prisoner's conviction and sentence. There appears to be no doubt that finding himself in this predicament, and desiring to be revenged on the woman, who was to some extent instrumental in his conviction, he concocted the story he did, with a view to deceive the Magistrates, and being aware that the works of many of the watches he had taken from Kingston were still in the possession of the female in question, at their joint lodging, he made use of the cir c u ms t ance i n sup port of his deception. The story of the prisoner, which was taken down in writing at the gaol, in presence of one of the Magistrates, was to the following effect : He states that Mr. Westwood was in the habit of going to bed at an early hour after the shop was shut u p, an d that the woman with whom he (prisoner) lived used to go and lisit the old gentlemen afterwards, and it w as she who first proposed the robbery, but nothing was said about murder. It was ultimately arranged that alter the women had gone into the house to the old man, that he and two other men should be let into the premises, and that they should strip them of al, the valuable property which they contained. Ile then went on to state that everything was ar ranged, and on the night on whiCh the robbery and murder took place, that he was to have been at the house at a certain hour to assist in the robbery, but when he got there he fOund the woman and a man, who is as one of the party, in the act of putting the watches into a hag, and when they had placed a great number in the bag it was handed to him, and he was told to snake the hest of his way front the place, and this, according to his statement, was all the share he had in the transaction, and he declared that he knew nothing of Mr. Westwood having been murdered and robbed until after the account of the murder was made public. lie went on to s t a t e th a t th e cases were immediately removed from the works of the watches, and melted down and sold, and the proceeds divided between the parties, and a portion of the works of some of the watches were left in his posses sion, and he brought them with him to Hull, and, as he alleged, were still in the possession of the woman at his lodging. This was the substance of the story told by the prisoner, and in consequence of what he said a search was made, and the works of a number of watches were found ; but it has been satisfactorily ascertained that these watches never belonged to Mr. \Vestwcod, and then: is every reason to believe that they are the same originally stolen by the prisoner from Kingston, and that the whole of the story told by him referring to the murder of Mr. Westwood was trumped up by him in the hope that he should thereby escape trans portation. The prisoner has since been sent to the husks in pursuance of his sentence. -HIGHWAY ROBBERY, WITH VlO LENCE, NEAR WIGAN. A highway robbery, accompanied with considerable violence, was committed in the neighbourhood of Wigan, during the night of Thursday last. Mr. Coupe, bleacher, of Haigh, after spending the evening with a few friends, at the house of Mr. Isaac Ogden, pub. lican, in Scholes, quitted that house between twelve and one o'clock, to proceed to his own residence at Haigh, distant about two miles. Mr. Coupe, though somewhat under the :influence of liquor, was by no means deprived of his faculties of observation or recol lection. While pursuing his way up Roger-lane, which is situated between a public-house called the " Von Blucher" and his own residence, a man suddenly rushed upon him, and instantly knocked him down, but by what means he could not tell. The man then fell upon him with great force, and proceeded to rifle his pockets, which, however, contained only a few pence. Mr. Coupe, on recovering from the stunning effect of the blow which had felled him, resisted the robber, and a desperate struggle,ensued, which lasted for sonic tote ; but at length Mr. Coupe was over powered, and completely deprived of sensibility by his murderous antagonist kicking him in the most savage manner repeatedly on the head and face. On recovering from the state of insensibility induced by these brutal injuries, Mr. Coupe was discovered by a man well known in the neighbourhood tinder the cogoteen of " Sam, who, knowing Mr. Coupe, conducted him to the " Von Blucher," that being the nearest house. Here Mr. Coupe discovered that his neck and face were covered, and his shirt and clothes saturated with blood ; of which he must have lost a considerable quantity. As his hat had been knocked off, and lost in the struggle with the highwayman, Mr. Coupe requested Sam to go back to the spot and search for it. Shortly after wards, while Sam was absent, a knock was heard at the door ; and this, not being at first attended to, was repeated ; on which Mr. Coupe desired a lad, the only individual left up in charge of the house to open the door, supposing that Sam had returned. On the door being opened, a man entered, taking off his hat, and depositing it somewhere in the lobby, while he went for ward to the fire where Mr. Coupe was seated. One glance at the intruder sufficed to assure Mr. Cdupe that he again raw before him the villain with whom he had so shortly before been engaged in deadly conflict. With the natural feelings which such a recognition might be expected to awaken, Mr. Coupe sprung upon the f!1- low ; and, notwithstanding he was again assailed with severe blows and kicks, inflictiug additional wounds, he succeeded in keeping his hold of the ruffian, until some of the inmates of the house, roused from their slumbers by the noise of the conflict, came to his aid, and the man was secured. The hat was then brought from the lobby, and proved to be that of Mr. Coupe, the lining having been torn out of it subsequent to the highway robbery. The prisoner threw a handkerchief into the re which he had had wrapped round his body ; but this was snatched from the fire before it .vas materially l and was identified by Mr. Coupe as his own. A p an was then sent for, into whose charge th e dart; o ee se d m , ri e delivered, a n d by w hom h e was recogn i se d as a fneelrlo bad character, a native of Wigan, named sov; of James Dolton. The Magistrates, aver hearing the whole of the evi dence, committed the priscicr for trial on the charge of highway robbery. We are glad to hear that M. Coupe is in a satisfac tory state of progress towards recovery from the effects of the injuries he received in his double conflict with the prisoner. STATE OF TRADE. (From the Manchester Guardian.) The advises just received from the United States, by the Caledonia steamer, pretty generally concur iv representing the amount of the coming crop of cottor as somewhat less than had been previously supposed; and the most trustworthy estimates arc generally from 1,700,000 to 1,750,000 bags, and the prices have a It in all the markets of the Unite d States. t must he recollected, however, that these estimates arc founded upon the representations of the plantnetrsc:fr,are interested in reducing the apparent M p anchester, he effect upon prices either in Live , r o p o o d o s, crop. Hitherto they do not seem toi oiarveararaoaduced any M generally nd in it this m . arket, and their arrival. Yester cotton, as well as yarn n continued perfectly steady a d ' ' previous rates, yarn, decidedly a d there fair amounttva so; businessn i o er ss,(l,l:estmea done which arc still, especially, in reeled be low the relative prices of cotton ; the advance in the latter being generally about 14d. per pound, whilst yarns generally have advanced little more than three farthings. Th e spinners arc, consequ en tly, i n a worse cond i t i on than before, and the foreign buyers show very little inclination to give increased prices. itoci-IDALE FLANNEL MARKET, MONDAY, JANN. 18. we have had a dull market, and thinly at tended by i'_auyers. There is no change in prices. The wool market i, much the saute as that of last Monday.. fiCUL TION' QF PRIVATE BANKERS,— Mr. Loyd states, that one f,yil of the principle of compe— tition i, that when one banker - contracts his circulation., the neighbouring honkers increase their issue, in order to. fill up the vacuum which is thus crcatzd. If this were the: fact, it is difficult to conceive how the vutal circulation of the country could ever be reduced. Be, nevertheless, the fact is, that the total circulation does vary, not only front year to year, but from month to month. The charge of excessive competition 1153 been more directly brought against the Joint Stock Banks. If, therefore, the private bankers reduced their circulation, the Joint Stock Banks would, of course, seize the opportunity of extending theirs. Now, how stands the fact? The average circulation of the private bankers in March, 1839, was 7,340,793/., and„ by M:ircl!, t+4o, it svit reduced to 6,191),3061, Now, upon Mr. . principle, a large increase should have taken place in'the issues of the Joint Stock Banks; and had we not the returns of . the actual ;mount, etc could not disprove °p we ool); but, on referring to these returns, the Joint Stock circulation in March, 1 83 9 , iNI r . tied o) that. was -1,617.806/. and in March, I 111, it was Z1,8!6,748/. So far from an increase, here is a reduction, and that, too, in nearly the same proportion as that of the private bankers.— IV estrnin,ter Review. BUYING THE CINDERS.—On Saturday last, certain contractors sent in, to the vestry of Marylebone, tenders (which were accepted)to the amount of four thou ,sand one ltundred an d fifly pounds for permission, t 9 cut Vawsy,th cinders (breeze) Qf the iahttbitants, lel an d P a• lie' tile ,Nn, nip or der' with b e P ueh no righ