The Sun. — London, England, 1841-07-13 00:00:00

MORNING SUN BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION AT LEEDS. Never, we believe, has so much of vice been crowded into so short a period, in the borough of Leeds, as at the recent borough election. The number of foul and degrading influences which were brought into operation, were, we believe, perfectly unprecedented by anything that has ever occurred in Leeds before. Bribery, in all its Protean shapes—often in its own naked and hideous villany, an undisguised attempt to barter con science, and often thinly veiled beneath the tran sparent pretence of bargaining—has prevailed to an unexampled extent. Intimidation, whether of master over workmen, of landlord over tenant, or of customer over shopkeeper, has been unhesitatingly exerted. Never have the thousand influences whibh show how much in society, as at present orgonized, one man is the helpless and pitiable slave of another, been more palpably and disgustingly displayed. Where these could not be successfully employed, every kind of trick, deception, and fraud, boundless lying and barefaced calumny, were unscrupulously resorted to. It is shocking to contemplate the demoralization that must have been produced by this pandering . to the worst vices of the population. It is quite im possible to trace the various channels through which bribery and corruption have reached the consciences of men, or intimidation been brought to bear. Debtors have been relieved from gaols, and the debts paid at an enormous expense, as the price of their votes. Sick men have been dragged from their beds to the polling booths by doctors, who had previously pronounced that So leave their beds was to hazard their lives ; and return ing officers have gone to the back doors of polling booth. to meet such men. Tenants have been distrained, and workmen thrown out of employment, with an utter reck lessness of the heart-rending_ misery that must be the consequence, for the avowed reason, that they voted against the wishes of their landlords or their employers. VOTES OFFERED IN THE MARKET.—A man of the name of Benjamin Binns, a hay-dealer on Quarry-hill, who has always before voted for the Liberal candidates, on the last occasion offered his vote to the Liberals if they would give him 51. This was refused, and he voted for Beckett and Jocelyn. Of course he got his price from the Blues—the result plainly enough proves that ; but it is impossible, of course, to say how much that price was, and by whom it was paid. We know, however, from the statement of the man him self, that the Blues offered to find him the floor boards for a house that he is building, which he declined, not considering it sufficient. The following is another case - of a voter seeking a bribe :—A man of the name of Cox, a pill-doctor, living in York-street, sent up to the Liberal Central Committee for 10/. He has always be fore voted for the Liberal candidates. The money was of course refused, and he voted for Beckett and Jocelyn. There can be no doubt that a bribe was both offered and accepted in this case, but as in almost all cases of suc cessful attempts of bribery, it is impossible to penetrate the veil in which both the parties to the bargain are anxious to envelope the villany they have committed. Another voter, who was bad in his rent, also distinctly and openly Offered' his vote for 10/. It was refused, and he also voted for the Tories.—Leeds Times. THE LATE SIR BENJAMIN STEPHEN SON, G.C.H., SOMETIME SURVEYOR-GENERAL OF THE BOARD OF WORKS, AND LATE ONE OF THE COMMISSIONERS OF WOODS AND FORESTS. (From the British Queen.) Sir Benjamin Stephenson, in his early days, was an officer in a foreign service, and was first publicly known in England as Colonel Stephenson, right-hand-man and Master of the Household to Queen Charlotte, whose good graces and patronage he acquired and maintained by the two cardinal virtues in her eyes, of taking snuff and stinginess. His most laborious duties were performed at Windsor, during the custody of George the Third by his amiable consort ; and so well did he strive to gain tne favour of his Royal Mistress, that it was a common saying in the household, the worthy Colonel " was never content unless he extracted three legs from a duck." In fact, to enlarge the wll-paid privy purse of his mistress, there was nothing too small in the expenditure of the Castle that could escape his vigilant eye. For years he might be considered the King of Windsor, and his power at Court was immense, so much so that the records of the time will show, that when on the evening that the lamented Princess Charlotte quitted Pu lingham Palace to be united to Prince Leopold at Carlton house, she was conducted from the drawing-room to the carriage, following her. Royal grandmother, by Colonel Stephenson. Stephenson was always allowed to be a brave officer, and as vigilance is said to be a necessary qualification to carry out a good general's plans, perhaps no man ever looked farther. Age crept upon the Queen, and, as is always the case about the Court, some good place must be found or made to provide for a faithful servant when patronage ceases. Wyatt-- James Wyatt—the great Wyatt —Surveyor-General of the Board of Works, departed this life, and a regeneration of that department was made by Par liament, under the auspices of those eminent statesmen, the Earl of Liverpool and Nick Van sittart, now Lord Bexley, and the salary enjoyed by poor Wyatt of 5001. per annum, was, by Act of Parliament. raised to future Surveyors-General to 1,5001. There were three candidates for the office of the Head of the Architects of England ; Smirke, who was privately employed by . Lord Liverpool, old Soane, who fancied himself the greatest architect in the world, and whose only claim to such was spoiling all the good and clever work of Sir Robert Taylor at the Bank of England, and our worthy Colonel ; and such was the overwhelming int: , .reSt Of 'the Queen, that Col. Stephensor, after the office hid been kept in abey ance twelve months, in consequence*of the intrigues of the three candidates, was appointed. A Colonel in a fo reign service, *hose whole duties at Windsor and Lon don, had been the regulating and examining the kitchen department, appointed, at three times the salary, to succeed James Wyatt ! In accordance with our opening, let us here thrown in a few anecdotes of Wyatt. Wyatt, perhaps, take him " all in all," was as emi nent an architect as ever lived. There is scarcely a nobleman's seat in the country, that does not carry the mark of his hand, and the Universities also testify his abilities. Notwithstanding the immense sums that passed through Wyatt's hands, his natural indolence, and love of women and gaming, caused him to die in great distress : but such was his power of conversation, his sweetness of temper, - and gentlemanly manners, that he was universally beloved. He was a great favourite with George the Third and Queen Charlotte, and when his Majesty was building the palace at Kew, which Wyatt superintended, he was frequently the only guest of their Majesties of an afternoon, who admitted him to unre served conversation. To show the natural indolence of Wyatt, the folk,wing anecdote is told :—He was profes sionally engaged in some distant part of the country, and some wors at Windsor Castle were stopped for his directions, and the King having learned the cause, di rected the clerk of the works to proceed express to Wyatt, and to command the instant attendance, at Wind sor, of his Surveyor-General. Mr. Matthews, the clerk of the works, who had been appointed by Wyatt, and of whom he had a very high opinion, proceeded as fast as four horses could take him to Wyatt, and having kept the horses as relays back, conveyed to him his Majesty's commands. Wyatt, instantly, with Matthews, started for Windsor, and in due course arrived within about three stages, when during the changing of horses, he entered the inn for the purpose of getting some refresh ment. It should here be remarked, that as some people have a deadly antipathy to some things from their birth, so Wyatt had as equal a longing for, and enjoyment of, a pork-chop ; and having espied a most delicious loin hanging in the larder, directed that a couple should be got ready immediately. When Matthews announced omunct ved,a :the t horses-xeady, he was met by the reply they must until he had finished the pork-chops ; which having done, and further met with some good h 8- erry, he, as w as his cuAom, took a nap. Matthews, impatient, went into the room, awoke the Surveyor-General, and pleaded his Majesty's displeasure for their immediate departure. I t was of no use. " Matthews," says - Wyatt, "those pork chops were the best I' ever tasted ; the wine is good ; and for myself, an d I have ordered the loin to be reserved , from hence Ido not stir until I have finished it." Ile kept his word and the King waitin,7,, for he did not arrive in Windsor until the ensuing evening, from his enjoy ment, of his two first chops, an d having finished the loin. In corroboration of this anecdote, the King and Queen, one Sunday evening, walking on the terrace at Windsor, in conversation with the Earl of Pembroke, whose seat of Wilton Wyatt was 'embellishing, and with whom he was an especial favourite, his Majestyobserved , " Pembroke ! Pembroke ! her Majesty commanded my Surveyor-General yesterday to attend her at three o'clock. What time—what time do you think he came ?" Lord Pembroke ventured to reply, to screen his friend, that " probably Wyatt's numerous engagements might compel him, very reluctantly, to disobey her Majesty by being half an hour after his time." " Why," said the King, smiling, "he never came at all ; he never came at all.'' FRENCH AND ENGLISH HOUSES CON TRASTED.—It was in search for lodgings that we were most struck with the difference between French and English houses, in the extreme disorder and discomfort of the doors and passages by which the former are ap proached.is such, It in fact, th a t no one , w h o can h e lp it, thinks of living on the ground-floor ; such apart ments are, therefore, almost entirely appropriated to 'shops and other offices. In many instances, `I should certainly have supposed that the entrance to a respect able house would lead to a place for horses or cattle ; and the stairs, too, being never washed, and com mon to A the families who live on the various stages or flats, are often dirty and disgusting in the extreme: Yet no sooner is the door of a saloon or bedroom thrown open than you see the walls fi..orried with beautiful paper, handsome slabs and fire pieces of marble, elegant time-pieces, and other fancy ornaments, with hooking-glasses, in gilt frames, in great , vtriety ar.d number. In addition to which, the window- , curtains are always arranged with taste ; and over the beds, which are covered with silk, or curiously knitted counterpanes, hang rich canopies, chiefly of crimson, composed of festoons and fringes, as handsome as they are often inappropriate. It is, then, without carpets, and without comforts of a thousand kinds, that English people are content to live abroad ; and I am inclined to think that this is the grand secret of being able tolive at less expense in France than our native country, because we are satisfied to do without a vast number of things which we imagine to be essential to respectability at t ome. A n d, perhaps, we are sufficiently repaid for our wSilf7deu.il 'C' l, whererlagirnate is lik e th a t o f t h e sout h of eUB Snninier:. and Winter in th'e rS iisydon' is goi give a );;fiundristelaus!he will e s tn i Lo give r e a c r t tist and a man. We lectur on the bod VcauPt / ,effe wro;7 . t t o n r fLeuttrelt 711.ole,df.thF.. • lag, br - ert,s great kir.duess— a , k t ., ae rus° - . Pas and -.4 1:4 is a credit 141 11 S i-7-7, - HISTORY OF NEWSPAPERS. At a late meeting of the Statistical Society the follow ing paper was read by Mr. P. L. Simmonds : In 1636 there were but 9 newspapers published in London, all of them at weekly intervals. In 1709 the number had increased to 18, of whicn 1 was published daily. In 1724 there were 3 daily, 6 weekly, 7 three times a week, i halfpenny posts, and the London Gazette twice a week. In 1792, 13 daily, and 20 semi-weekly and weekly papers. In 1836, when the stamp duty was 4d., the total number of stamps issued for the - United Kingdom was 35,576,056. In 1839, 58,516,862. The consump tion of stamps has therefore increased 64 per cent. since the reduction of the duty. The oldest existing London papers are, the English Chronicle, or • White hall Evening Post, which was started in 1747 ; the St. James's Chronicle, 1761 ; and the Morning Chro nicle, 1769. The oldest existing Provincial papers are, the Lincoln Mercury, published at Stamford, 1695 ; the Ipswich Journal, 1737 ; Bath Journal, 1742 ; Birmingham Gazette, 1741 ; Chester Courant, 1733 ; Derby Mercury, 1742. The oldest paper in Ire land is the Belfast News Letter, which was commenced in 1737. In Scotland, the Edinburgh Evening Courant is the oldest paper, having been first published in 1705. Newspapers are printed in every county in England, with one exception—Rutland. In Wales, there are six counties in which papers are not published, viz., An glesea, Cardigan, Denbigh, Montgomery, Pembroke, and Radnor. In Scotland, there are 16 out of the 32 counties ; and in Ireland, only seven out of the 33 counties. In England there are no daily papers published out of London. There are four papers published in Guersey, 4 in Jersey, and 5 in the Isle of Man— all un stamped. So far back as 1605, under Henry IV., a Journal, called the Mercure de France appeared regularly in Paris, and was published by Richen, Brothers, book sellers, till 1635, when Dr. Renaudot took it up, and carried it on till 1644. It - was continued by Messrs. Freselier and La Rriere till 1672, when it was called the Mercure Galant, which name it retained until 1710, when it assumed the name of the Garde Meuble Parnesse. In 1714 it resumed its old name of Mercure de France ; and in 1716 took that of Nouveau Mercure ; but in 1721 resumed once more its original appellation, and retained it till the Revolution. It forms a collection of nearly 1,000 volumes. The total number of journals and periodicals in Paris in 1779 was 35. The number published immediately before the Re volution was 169, of which 17 were political, and 252 of a literary, scientific, or religious character. The number of provincial journals at that date was between 70 and 80. Paris has now upwards Of 27 daily papers, the average sale of which exceeds 90,000 copies per diem, while London has only 9 daily payers, with a sale of about 45,000 per diem. The total number of periodical journals published in France in 1837, was 776, of which 326 • bel.mged to Paris. The first journal published in the United States was the Boston News Letter, which appeared in 1704. No sufficient data exist for computing, with any degree of accuracy, the number of copies of newspapers at present annually circtilated in the United States ; but it pro bably does not fall far short of 100,000,000. The weekly issues of the British press of Lower Canada, are 29,000 ; those of the French press, 8,000. In Upper Canada there are 28 newspapers published weekly ; in Newfoundland, 9, Bermuda, 2, and the same number in the Bahamas. Printing was introduced into Nova Scotia twenty-four years before it was commenced in Canada : the first paper was printed in 1751, on half a sheet of foolscap paper, under the title of the Halifax Gazette. The num ber now issued at Halifax is 12, and there are 3 in the country parts of the province. There are 4 newspapers published in British Guiana; 2 in French Guiana; 1 or 2 at Bahia ; 8 at Rio Janeiro ; 8 at Buenos Ayres, one of which, a weekly paper, is in English. There are 9in Jamaica. At Barbadoes, 4 semi-weekly, 1 tri-weekly, and 1 weekly newspaper. Two of these have been esta blished by the coloured population as their special organs, and are supported and conducted entirely by this class. In Germany, newspapers originated in the "Rela tions," as they were termed, which sprung up at Augsburg and Vienna in 1524, and which appeared in the form of printed letters, but without date, place, or number. The first German newspaper in numbered sheets, was printed in 1612. The journals published in Austria. in 1838, literary and political, amounted to 76, of which 22 appeared at Vienna, 25 at Milan, 10 in Lombardy, 7 at Venice, 5 at Verona, and 7 in Gallicia and Hun gary. In the kingdom of Hanover there were, in 1840, only 4 political journals. In the Netherlands, in 1826, there were in the Dutch language 80 daily and weekly papers, and several in French. In Belgium, in 1840, 75 journals were pnblished ; of these 55 were in French, and 18 in Flemish. In Prussia, 168 were published in 1834. In Switzerland, 24 weekly in 1825 ; of which 9 were conducted by Catholic editors, and 15 by Protes tants. In 1817, there were in all Switzerland no more than 54 printing-offices, and 16 periodical journals ; and in 1834 there were 93 of the former, and 54 of the latter. The total number of journals published in Russia, in 1839, was 154. The Gazette of St. Petersburgh circu lates 6,000 daily. The first journal printed in Denmark was in . 1644. At present there are about 54 daily and weekly publications, more than half of which are pub lished in Copenhagen, and there are about 30 monthly and other periodical . works, the greater part of which are published in the capital. The supply of newspapers in Norway is abundant, as the press in that country is perfectly free, and no tax of any kind is levied on it. Christiana alone has 8 journals. In 1832 there were about 50 newspapers published in the whole of Sweden, 1 literary journal, and several magazines. In Sweden the press is under a very strict censorship. In 1839 there were 13 publications in Finland ; 9 in Swedish, and . 4 in the Finnish language. The earliest Spanish newspaper was published about the commencement of the 18th century, In 1800 only 2 political newspapers were published; and but a few years ago, only 12 newspapers for a population of 12,000,000. There are about 20 newspapers and daily journals in Por! tugal, and 1 at the Azores.—The whole number of jour nals in Italy exceeds 200. Few of the existing papers date back farther than the commencement of the present century. The Greeks publish 9: 4at Athens, lat Na poli, 2 at Hydra, and 2 at Missolonghi. The government Gazette of Corfu is the only journal published in the lonian Islands. There are about a dozen periodicals at Malta, most of them weekly. At Gibraltar, a govern ment paper, of a very diminutive size, is published daily. —The journals published at Constantinople, in January, 1841, were the l'agrim Vahui, a government paper, and the Djeredei Havadis, in vulgar Turkish, containing ge neral information.—ln the whole extent of Africa there are 14 journals. One has appeared at Algiers regularly since its possession by the French in 1830: 2 are published on the western coast, at the American colony of Liberia. There are 11 political news papers at the Cape of Good Hope, half of which are printed in English, and half in Dutch. An official Ga zette was established in Persia in 1838. It is litho graphed. In Calcutta there are 6 English daily papers, 3 tri-weekly, 8 weekly, and 9 Hindustanee weekly. At Bombay there are 10 English periodicals issued semi weekly, and 4 Hindustanee publications. Two weekly English papers were published at Canton, but are now removed to Macao. At Sydney there are 3 newspapers. At Melbourne, 3 papers published twice a week, and 1 weekly at Geelong ; in South Australia 4 ; 1 semi weekly at Adelaide, and the others weekly. Swan River has 2 weekly. Van Diemen's Land, 13 weekly papers. Materials for printing a newspaper were sent out to New Zealand with the first settlers; the first number of the New Zealand Gazette having been printed in London before their departure. The second number appeared at Port Nicholson in 1840 ; and a rival; paper was forth with established under the title of the New Zealand Ad vertiser at Kororakilla, Bay of Islands. The Sandwich Islands, have now their regular newspaper, the Polyne sian, formerly called the Sandwich Island Gazette, having been published at Honolulu for upwards of three years. HAMBURGH MAIL. lIANovER, JULY. 6.—The physicians have very ear nestly ordered the King to go to Ems, for the benefit of the waters, and his Majesty, as we .hear, will very shortly follow their advice, and probably not go first to with expected his summer residence . The King is said to be still very t,Nnrasuch hurt by the death of the Queen, more so than Crown Princr,itneo, from his firm and manly character, not withstanding the reciprocal affection that was here seen der mother and juditils to exist botwe eglaetstesrlavlelya-rregrettd, and.algt him and his august consort. The deeply trie h r a at the loss - Majesty's death is J almost all persons of the better mourning,HANOVER, JULY 7.___Th behold the much afflict ' e funeral of the late Queen took place ; it was at very affecting sight, to uncovered, follow the one e lea o rr on foot. Next came the afflicted, aged monarch, with his head Crown Prince with of his sisters (the Duchess of Dessau and the Princess Then liudelstadt), on eac h arm . followed the ot h er sons of the Queen, Prince Frederick of Russia and th e Pr coffin was was drawn Crown -as ver r y es r t i i c h h g ly o ' hora rineces Alexander and Bernhard of Solms Braunfels. n by a m e e ig n h te t d, b a la n c d k on hors it e N s v . as T tl h i e e Royal Palace to the l o c r h f oofs wreath of white roses. The way from thl).wahl Chapel was covered with black cloth, on young girls had scattered flowers. A vast number specta tors filled the streets and the houses up to the BERLIN, JULY s.—The population of the kino•dom. of Prussia at the end of 1840, w as 14,907 , 0 91 ;at th e en d of 1837 it was 14,098;125, the increase is 808,966. Haniburgh Papers, July 9. HAMBURG BORSENHALLE, Jrav 9.* Bills. Ho ney A u strian 5 per Cents. ........... 0000000 ••••••••••• 00000 10lN .... Rank Shares 1656 U Anglo -R uss ian Loan lO, IDs Russian 5 per Cent. Ist series, Curtificate 102% 10 1 1 4 I nscr iption, Ist Se' os lO2 101 x, Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and Co. 3d and 4th Series ........................... ..... ••• 914 91i: Ditto in Certificates ..... .. ........... " ..a ....a . .... 664, Ncw 4 per Cent. (1840) *A Dutch actual Debt, -04 pe, Cent SO% 53% Ditto 5 per Cent 145 - .... Polish Bonds ' )5534, "'New ticket 75 Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Ceti* 7514 4 N f we g ian Loan, 1531, 4 per 0W.... ll f..) 1,02 Spanish, New 5 per Cents ... 1 6% EXCHANGE) ON LONDON. HAMBURG, J►,LY 7.—Two months, 13 s ►.f II'ETERSBURGII, JUNE 29.—Two months, 38% pence. RIGA. JULY 3. —Three Months, 39N. tsi..KraN; Jt.;IN C.—Three months, ii. 19, BELGIAN I! UNDS—Bauessts, Juts 10. Actual Debt,2% per Cent. ..... ..... 52% Itothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent................... lOU% Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent.......... 92 ----- 3 per Cent ..... ".. Thirty.seven. (17:410' ICO 9. Loan of City, 1832. 4 per Cent. S2 Society of Commerce, 4h, per Cent tl4 Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent 7431 NationalSeciety. Exchange on Londoe (shot t) —Brussels Papers, July 10. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, Jtir_ir 3 Five per CORts. Bletalliques Foes per Cents. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 00000000000 Three per Cents. Rank :Maros ••••••••• • • •• •• ••••••••••••••..1111111, 1520 Airrzneisc Zeitung, July 7, THE BLACK EAGLE OF PRUSSIA ITS DESCENT TO GENERAL BOYER. PARIS, JULY .10,—The total dearth of anything poli tical, alaiost brings down upon a Parisian correspondent that somnolency which at present seems to oppress France herself. However, for lack of more substantial matter, I have strung together a few antiquarian remi niscences upon the Order of the Black Eagle, with which General Boyer was a few days since invested. As Na poleon himself was the first bearer of this badge, and anything connected with this great man appeals strongly to all men's hearts, I flatter myself that it will have interest. The venerable gossips of Lampsacus and Mitylene used to relate it as a most miraculous sort of accident when talking to the little Greeks they nursed in their laps, how that an eagle, sporting in the heights of the air, dropt on the bald sconce of Aschylus a sizeable stone, which concussed the Poet's brain, and led to the extinguishment of his life. But it has come to pass in these later days that the case is just reversed ; for it is not the eagle who now adopts the stone, but the stone that adopts the eagle ; or, to express ourselves unam biguously, the art of heraldry has put the eagle in a new position, and by graving this " lord of the skies" upon its arms and blazonments, has drawn him from his airy realms, and indelibly fixed him in a gilded surcoat. The Romans were the first who began .to practise this heraldry. The fine predisposition of their minds led them to admire beyond expression this noble bird, who "rode royally on wings of winds,"—whose name of Aquila, the rapid bird, gave name to Aquilo, the swiftest of winds,—and whose flight shot up past Athos and Mons Quirinal. They, being no unexpert symbol makers, ordained that it should stand in the list of those things which were typical of bravery and virtue, and which, when it afterwards became placed on the top of the flag-bearer's pike, was looked upon as an omen that infallibly marshalled the way to conquest. Wolves, boars, and leopards, ind•ed, were long, by the de scendants of Romulus, borne as heraldic ensigns, but Otitis Marius, the hero of Carthage, put totally this troop of animals to the rout, and in his con sulate made a decree that. the eagle should alone be the badge of the empire. It has ever been the badge of courage. Catiline, bad as lie was, was nevertLeless bold, and he was known superstitiously to attribute half his valour to the superintendence over him of his Silver Eagle, which he kept in his room, and regarded as a tutelary divinity. The silver-winged eagle was long a favourite. Its blanched plume was the fairest of ornaments, and in comparatively modern days a King of olden Poland, Vladislaus by name, thought fit to institute in the thir teenth century the Polish order of the White Eagle, which became an honour to knighthood. The occasion of its making was a merry marriage -time, when the bridals of his son, young Casimir, were about to shed gladness through the realm. The writer of the " Song of Songs," has a very quaint simile in his episode, wherein he likens the stomach of the beloyed to " a heap of wheat set -about with lilies," and this new Polish order was assuredly not less curious. For where, think you, that they wore the badge of their order ? Not in a sash across the breast like a cordon Nen, or ribbon of, any other order, but, says erudite Selden ' " The Knights of this order were distinguished by a gold chain which they wore on the stomach, and to which was suspended a silver eagle crowned." Pity that this order did not exist in the days of the son of Tydeus, whoni the quick-witted satirist described as a moving " magno stomacho." But Poland is lest among the kingdoms now, and the wings .of her Eagle which glistered with silver, are clipped and shorn, and she amid potsherds and the dust. Prussia took part in the divisions of her spoil, and like a proud insulter, wears, in scornful glory, the identical trophies which once adorned the former. Prussia seems tacitly to have confesSed that the soft white plumery of the Polish bird was but ill fitted for so dark a brow as her own, and therefore, with characteristic good judgment, adopted the eagle of her fallen sister, not white and stainless, but black and blood-dyed, as it had been rendered by her own trenchant sword. Poland ! look to that Black Eagle which Prussia carries on her arms,. her chariots, and her court-gear, and acknowledge it as the mark of your own subjection, and the badge of oppressing Powers. Thus instituted, the order of the Black Eagle had for ip ensign a gold cross of eight points, enamelled blue ; fhe ciphers-letters F. R stand in its centre, and in the four angles is the Eagle of Prussia enamelled black. The manner of wearing this cross on ordinary days is different from that used on collar-days, as it then con sists of a broad orange-coloured ribbon, which is passed scarf-wise from the left-shoulder to the under-part of the right arm. The Knights also have embroidered on the left breast of their coats and upper garments, a star of silver, shaped like that of the ensign of the order, on the centre whereof is an eagle, displayed black, holding in his dexter-claw a chaplet of laurel, and in the other a thunderbolt, with this motto round it—" Scum Cuique." How noble are the knights of this Order, may be gathered from the fact that in its princely numbers it reckoned foremost the Emperor Napoleon. Though enmity, deadly at last, broke out against him from the King of Prussia, yet there had been days when they had joined in feastings together, and delighted to bestow on each other reciprocal favours. Among these is to be numbered the Black Eagle. Prussia bestowed this upon him a 3 the costliest token of its favour, and for many a day, at the Court of Eylau, Napoleon wore it on his front. Bat clouds, at a later date, gathered round Fon tainebleau, and Prussia, remembering her old smarts, no longer flapped, with a loving wing, the cheek of Napoleon, but made ready her talons for the pounce. Waterloo was fought, and the " Tete d'armee with his legions vanquished ; but, strange to relate, the Prussian eagle, which that day had been the actual cause of his. discomfiture, was not flying upon the plain on the wings of Blucher's columns, but was nestling beside him in his own carriage as lie fled by night, so that the Black Eagle was found in that vehicle after he had deserted it. When the Prussians came up they found it, and this treasure was again restored to the hands of its first be stower. This honourable badge remained for some time ,empty and unoccupied in the hands of the King of Prussia, to whom it had thus reverted. Nevertheless, Prussia had her eye upon the warriors that were working in her war-fields, and a General was soon found who was deemed worthy to wear anew the honours of Napoleon. General Gneisenau was gradually rising in repute ; he was the best military man of the time. He bore part in the columns of Blucher, and his advice at the battles of Brienne, Laon, and Vauchamp, in 1814, was cre dit a bl e and productive of great good. The victory of Waterloo added greatly to his laurels. Shortly after he was pro moted to the rank of Field-Marshal. Still the Black Eagle remained unused. The sun of Napoleon sank behind the mountains of St. Helena. Prus sia was now at peace, and began to look around her upon those whose past exploits rendered them worthy of notice. The sagacious eye of the King soon singled out Gneisenau, and at the same time that he created him a Count of the Kingdom, brought out of its temporary seclusion the famous Eagle, and invested Gneisenau with its sable honours. Gneisenau, thus worthily decorated, rose higher in his master's esteem, and as we all know was made this Prince's Minister of State, and he assisted at the nego r tiations in Paris in 1815. He afterwards commanded the troops on the Rhine. 11l health subsequently attacked him, and the second bearer of the Black Eagle died. Prussia again retook its Eagle, and again this sterling prize was unapplied for a time. But a few days since, the worth of General Boyer brought that veteran soldier before Prussia's eyes, and there was found among the gathering of officers and marshals none fitter than he to wear this ornament of heroes. Boyer began his life in the army, and; in the 9th regiment of Dragoons, made all the campaigns of Italy. All his grades were obtained on the field of battle. Under Admiral Villaret-Joyeuse, in 1802, he went to Martinico, and took part in the la bours, and executed, often in the most brilliant manner, the perilous orders of his commanding chief. In 1805, he was charged to retake Fort Diamond from the Eng lish, the most important of the Antilles—a rock made tenfold more formidable by art, and called by the British the Gibraltar of the Antilles. Boyer, after three attacks, took it; and even the English journals spoke out in commendation of his bra%'ery. He showed himself among the fiercest in retarding the marches of the allied army in 1814. After Waterloo he was sentenced to death, which was commuted to eight years' imprison ment. Mercy interfered for the gallant officer's sake, and after three years' confinement he was again received into the army with a complete restoral of his honours, and permitted to be classed among the cavalry-colonels on half-pay. What set-vices he has rendered Prussia are well known. The Black Eagle has therefore, for the third time,. again alighted on worthy shoulders. Boyer, since his investiture, wears it with due dignity. On collar-days he looks remarkably well, the ensign being then worn pendant to a rich collar of gold, composed of round flat spheres of the same precious metal, each enamelled with four cyphers of the letters F. R. The centre of the piece is set with a large diamond, and over each cypher is a regal crown, all richly chased, intermixed with eagles displayed, enamelled black alternately, and holding in their claws thunderbolts of gold. May he wear it long. The above forms a scrap of modern antiquarianism, if such a negation of terms may be allowed. To.trace the descent of these little gewgaws and playthings of royalty is amusing, if indeed they furnish not other sources of profit. On this latter score we esteem that writer much, who, when he set about to tell us of the second pearl of Cleopatra that Plancus saved, dropt not his pen at the close of the circumstance, but traced the identical gem through its subsequent destinies, till be found it consecrated in a temple to Venus, after . which finding he found it no more. The history of the Black Eagle we have likewise preserved in tracing down to the present day, leaving later antiquarians to follow it through the nineteenth and consecutive centuries. What fatality may await it we are not wise enough to say, but if, from the unforeseen accidents of time or caprice, the Order itself become annihilate or extinct, this relic of the order, which has gilded the front of Napoleon, shall re main as a record of that Order's existence in the arsenals of the Schloss; or the archives of Potsdam. ELECTORS !—REGISTER ! REGISTER ! The 20th of July is the last day for sending in county claims ; and for 10/. voters paying poor-rates and assessed taxes in boroughs. County electors who are not already registered for the same property, or who have changed their places of abode since last July, must, on or before the 20th of July instant, send to the overseers of the parish in which their prop.“rty is situated their claims to vote, which must contain a descriplion of their places of residence, the nature of qualification, and L's situation, or the tenant's name; and. they must send with each claim a shilling. Borough electors who live in 101. houses will lose their votes unless they pay, on or before the 20th of July is.istant, all poor rates and window taxes due prior to the 6th of April last, whether demanded by the collector or not. Scot and lot voters will be disfranchised unless they pay, on at .- before die 30ltri of July instant, all the poor-rates winch have Wen de maid./ ethos up to that day. J ready, in 3 vol. post Bvo., 1 1 H E OLD EARL and s his YOUNG WIFE. A STORY OF THE DAY. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. RIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA having AUTHORISED and GUA RANTEED several DISTRIBUTIONS of MONEY DIVIDENDS, which (though they are NO LOTTERIES) offer many possibilities of obtaining LARGE FORTUNES, HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH and at LUBECK, Are now SELLING BONDS for the'said DISTRIBUTIONS. Persons desirous to purchase for the Next Distributions may receive, PREVIOUS to giving any orders, the PROS- PhCTUS and PARTICULARS, upon addressing, WITH NIT DELAY, a line to HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH, or to HEINE BROTHERS, at LUBECK. The NEXT DISTRIBUTION contains DIVIDENDS of £25,000 £6OO £l2O £BO 5,000 400 110 70 1,500 200 100 60 1,000 150 90 50 800 100 The largest Dividend of the Distribution of Ist March last TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND POUNDS, _ _ a.remitted to London and vicinity by HEINE BROTHERS, who remitted, during a few years 21 large Money Dividendr, from 6001 . and upwards unto 25,0 001., besides many Dividends of smaller amounts to England, Ireland, and Scotland. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, JULY 13, 184tH ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. UNDER THE MANA6EMENT OF MR. DAVIDGE AND MR. WILLIS TONES. Grand Musical Treat.—Locke's magnificent Music to Mac beth will be sang by Miss Romer, Mr. Wilson, and Mr. Lefller, who will also appear on the same evening in the Operas of " Fra Diavolo," or " La Sonnambula,' a com bination of attraction that can only be given a, this Theatre. Nightly:overflows. THIS EVENING, JULY 13, Will be acted Beßini's Grand Opera, LA SONNAMBULA. • .Amina, Miss Romer; Lisa, Mrs. Serle ; • Rodolpho, Mr. Leffler; Elvino, Mr. Wilson. After which, Shakspear's Tragedy of MACBETH. Macbeth, Mr. Graham ; Hecate, Mr. Leffler ; Singing Witches, Miss Romer, Mrs. Serle, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Stoker, Mr. Roberts, and a powerful Chorus, conducted by Mr. G. Stansbury. To conclude with, EVERYBODY'S RELATION. Supported by the comic strength of the Company. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MR. OSBALDISTON. Brilliant and splendid continuation of success in the unparalleled combination and attraction of " Susan Hopley !" " Mao beth !" and " Othello !" supported by Mr. Osbaldiston, Mr. E. F. Saville, Mrs. W. West, and Miss Vincent! THIS EVENING, JULY 13, The splendidly successful Domestic Drama, in Three Acts, of SUSAN HOPLEY ! OR, THE TRIALS AND VICISSI- TUDES OF A SERVANT GIRL ! William Dean, Mr. E. F. Saville ; and Susan Hopley by Miss Vincent, the accepted Heroine of Domestic Drama. After which Shakspere's Tragedy of MACBETH. Macbeth, Mr. Osbaldiston ; Macduff, Mr. E. F. Saville ; Banquo, Mr. Dale Lady Macbeth, Mrs..W. West; First Singing Witch, Miss Vincent. To conclude with, the new Burletta, entitled THE PALACE OF GENEVA. Old John, Mr. Gardner ; Selina, the Countess of Barotti, Mrs. Howard. Boxes, 2s.—Pit, ls.—Galler), 6d. Half-price to the Boxes only, at Half-past Eight. RAILWAY SUN THE IS NOW PUBLISHING, PRICE ONLY SIXPENCE. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. th0rning......37 minutes after 7. Evening '► minutes after s', r -1° A ti , 4t, 'A', 0"1) DLA I 4r t e - ,-,,, 0 S.rIBN' IU 0 "'.fe 'lett ,§utt. LONDON: TUESDAY, JULY 13, 1841. SEVEN DAYS LATER FROM AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, MONDAY. The packet-ship England, Captain WAITE, was yesterday telegraphed off Holyhead, and this morning entered the River, with the packet-ship Garrick, Captain PALMER. By these arrivals we have newspapers of the 9.2 d, brought by the England, and of the 26th by the Garrick. The latter ship accomplished her voyage in fif teen days. The newspapers which have reached us by this conveyance are barren of political intelligence. The following are extracts : SENATE, JUNE 21. FISCAL BANK.-Mr. Clay reported a Bill to incor porate the subscribers to the Fiscal Bank of the United States, accompanied by a long Report, which he read at his seat. The Committee say they thought it bette r t o di sm i ss all experiments, and confide in the experience of f or ty years, during which time a National Bank had been in operation, and realized the most sanguine ex p ec t a ti ons of its friends. The Committee have adopt e d thi s c it y for a location, but they consider that quite a subordinate .natter. It is drafted on the same principle as the last National Bank, but with all proper guar d s an d c h ec k s. The Directors are to be paid for their services, and be come a kind of Board of Control. Its capital is thirty millions, but can be extended to fifty if necessary or ex pedient. The Bank is allowed to deal in foreign bills of exchange. Fifteen hundred copies of the Report a nd Bill were ordered to be printed—copies of which will be sent you as soon as they can be proc ure d. The House of Representatives has passed a measure to give 25,000 dollars to the family of General Harrison. A resolution has been brought forward in the House of Representatives, calling for any correspondence which may have passed between this Government and that of England, on the subject of the American prisoners at Van Diemen's Land. We are well aware that this is a very delicate matter, particularly, since the affair of M‘Leod has assumed the serious aspect it has in the re lations between the two Governments ; yet it does seem to us, that a representation, even in an unofficial way of the circumstances, under which so many young and in experienced men were seduced by the artifices of Cana dian refugees to become participators in the crime for which they are suffering, might lead to a relaxation of the severity exercised towards them. Death would-have been mercy to the fate now endured by them. Mr. Webster, no doubt, will, if a favourable opportunity should present in his diplomatic intercourse with Great Britain, keep their unfortunate case in mind.--/Vew York Enquirer. SALES AT THE' STOCK EXCHANGE, NEW YORK, JUNE 25. . (From the Courier and Inquirer.) $3,000 Illinois 6's of '7O 7,000 Indiana Sterling Bonds 6O 14,000 Indiana Bonds 561 125 shares U. S. Bank op'g 191 60...do...Delmvare and Hudson lo6f 175...d0...N0rth American Trust 9 20...d0...Canton 40...d0...Harlem 20...do...Schenectady and Utica 50...do...Syracuse and Utica 10...do...American Ex. Bank B5 100...d0...L0ng Island blo d 63i- SALES .AT THE SECOND BOARD. 25 shares United States Bank l9 25...d0...De1aware and Hudson s 3 ds 104 k 100...d0...N0rth American Trust •slO ds 9-1 $3,000 Indiana Sterling Bonds . 56 3,000 Indiana Bonds s6i. 3,000 Illinois Sixes . 63 . PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 25.—There was a moderate amount of businc ss done at the Brokers' Boards, with somewhat of a tendency to decline in prices ; United States Bank fell off slightly, and closed at 19 a 191. Sales reported at the Brokers' Boards, June 24. $1,200 Wilmington Railroad, 6's, 1842, 91; $6OO Cam den and Amboy Bonds, 85 ; 200 shares United States Bank, 194; 50 ditto, 191; 100 Girard Bank, 28/. After the Board-200 shares United States Bank, 19 cash, 25 ditto, at 191 ; 100 Bank United States, b. 30 ds. 19. Closing Prices—United States Bank, 19 a 191; Gi rard, 28-1- a 281; Vicksburg, 6 bid; Cambden and Am hoy R.R., 85 a 88. We give an extract of the crops : THE HARVEST.—Having recently returned from a tour through the western towns of this, and the eastern and northern towns of Genesee counties, we must say, that we have never known the prosperity of the farmer less flattering. The severe and long-continued drought has injuriously affected fall and spring crops, as well as the grass. In some of the towns we have visited, there has been no rain since the last of April. Wheat is gene rally thin and light. On the route from Bergen Corners to Pine Hill, one of the best farming districts in the State, the•crops will probably be fifty per cent. less than usual. And as far as we have been enabled to judge, there will not be more than half a crop of wheat in the district ivevisited, without we are soon blessed with rain. We are informed, by gentlemen direct from 'Michigan and the northern part of Onio, that the harvest prosp‘ct in those: States is no more flattering than in our own Western ,New York. The season there has been re markably dry: On the prairie lands in Michigan, vege tation appears to have been visited by fire. On the tim bered. lands, however, wheat looks as well as could have been expected for the season.—Rochester Democrat. A GHOST ON THE CANAL-STREET ELAN.—The 1?o -claster Democrat informs us, that the people on the Tonawanda Creek—a part of the Erie Canal—arc very much troubled with a sort of Cock-lane Ghost. No body has, seen it any more than Dr. Johnson saw the tondtm. marvel ; but, like him, they have heard it, and a Lockport physician actually got up a company, char to:l'4,a bteaai , boat, and-went ro the spot for the purpose of looking into the mystery. The phy - sitinn reports ; that the noise is really there, but he can no more l tell „ how the deuce it got there than the poet could account for the fly in the amber.. It is probably an omen of some sort or, other, and we agree in the suggestion that it ought to be respectfully dedicated to the editor of the Globe. Joe Smith, the Mormon, is caught and caged at last, and we are very glad to learn it. He was lately arrested on his way from Nauvoo to Quincy, on a requisition from .the Governor of Missouri, and carried into that State for trial. We take it that there is not within the limits of the United States so finished a band of scoundrels as these Mormons, and the sooner the leaders are punished for their crimes, and the vagabondism broken up, the better it will be for the country. PIRATES. —The steam-boat Merchant returned yester day from her week's cruize in quest of pirates. She scoured the Gulf coast of the Balize to the Chandeliers, and including those islands, most diligently—penetrating with small b oa t d e t ac h mets a ll t h e var i ous i n l ets an a bayous —and no pirates were found. • The expedition performed great labour, and in some cases were subject to privation, even during this short cruize. The United States brig Consort, on the same service, was twice spoken by the Merchant in her cruize. On Friday, having learned at the Balize that an en campment of suspicious looking persons were on Limo Thin Bayou, General Smith and an armed crew started in search of them in one of the boats. There was difficulty in navigating the bayou from the shallowness of water ; and they were frequently up to their middle and arms in mud in their exertions'to haul their boats over the shallows. A• little past midnight the tents of the gang • were discovered, and the party landed to give them a search. It appears that one of them was standing sentry, and on being re quired, delivered up his musket. Either by the sentry, or another from the tent, the alarm was given, and a musket was fired which felled one of the en camped party. General Smith, as we are informed, then advanced towards the tent, and (the darkness being in tense) becoming entangled in a tent-rope, found himself suddenly prostrate on the ground near the man who had been shot, and from whom, before he could recover him self, he received three stabs with a knife; neither of which we are glad to say, are at all serious; The wounded man then plunged into the bayou, whence after a struggle he was taken out by one of the ex p e diti on , an d w i t h t h e other four, secured. The men there encamped were stran gers to the citizens,who searched them out, were well pro vided with arms and equipments of various descriptions —and represented that they were a fishing party. 'They were 'taken to the Balize and left in charge of the officers stationed at that place. The person shot is severely wounded in the side, and it is considered doubtful if he will recover. He bears marks from sundry cuts and scars, of being a veteran in some rough service.—New Orleans Bulletin. It is worthy of remark, that a traveller could have' tome from the Red Sea t o th e c ity o f W as hi ngton w hil e t h e House of Representatives has been organizing, or from Washington to Philadelphia while an Hon. Member was making a 'speech. Politicians in their waste of time often forget what a busy world we live in.—New York Paper. A FLOURISHING COLONY.—The Magistrates of the Lower Police alone have during the present month al ready sent to Blackwell's . Island 200 loafers and loaf crosses, for larger or shorter periods, under the Vagrant Act. Added to this number about 100 have been sent up by the Court of Sessions, and perhaps about the same number by the Upper Police Magistrates. Should this increase of population continue, Blackwell's Island will soon become a very considerable village. Make the im prisonment perpetual, furnish the prisoners with the means of becoming civilized, and they will o f necess ity become hone s t, and thus form a very tolerable if not re spectable community. The Tory writers lay it down as, an unanswer able axiom, that the first duty of a State is to provide for the subsistence of the people. Of late they have dwelt with much emphasis on that duty, and their party is now likely to be placed in a situation where the half-starved mil lions will call on them to perform it. Are they prepared to execute the task they have taken on themselves? Are they prepared to make them selves responsible for providing, as the Chartists demand, a day's work for every willing labourer, and a fair day's pay for a fair day's work f We believe they are not; we are sure if they are en dowed with reflection, and are capable of reining in language, instead of letting it run away with them like a wild horse, they must shudder at the awful responsibility they are now taking on themselves, in seizing the Government on the principle, that it is the first duty of the State to provide for the subsistence of the people. They may depend upon it, however, as their great leader says, that they will be seriously called on to perform that duty. They will be expected by the millions whom they haoe flat tered, not only to ameliorate the Poor-law, but to improve the condition of the labouring classes. By the very act of resisting all alteration in the Corn-law, they have made themselves respon sible to the starving millions to feed them, and to them will the millions, not only now, but in every season of distress, in every bad harvest, look for food. They have laden the Government with all the responsibilities of the seasons, and fearfully will they have to answer for every pe riod of calamity. There is another first duty of the State, as laid down by Sir R. PEEL. He has more than once declared that the first duty of the State is to provide for the religious instruction of the people. Accordingly, he has been a zealous defender of the priesthood, and a zealous promoter of Church extension. At present there is pretty good evidence that crime keeps pace with destitution, the number of commitments in England and Wales in 1840, having exceeded those of 1839 by 2,744, and the number of convictions having ex ceeded those 0f1829 by 2,691. To overtake this increase of crime by means of the established clergy, the moral police of the empire as they are called, will require, according to the Tory or Epis copal scheme of the poor man's Church, a large reinforcement of priests. Awful as is the re sponsibility of providing for the subsistence of the people, we are inclined to think that the re sponsibility of providing for their moral and re ligious instruction, according to the Church of England, is not less awful. At the same time, i ! these two first duties seem to us conflictin g , f or I the tax on the people, which will be necessary to . provide additional parsons and churches, is in compatible with providing them the means of subsistence. There are, probably, more first duties of the State which the . Tories will be anxious to perform, such as preventing perjury at Irish elections, such as putting down the Chartists, and putting an end to all improper publications, or providing wholly and entirely for the moral as well as the physical sustenance of the people ; but we have indicated enough of theal, and have hinted sufficiently at their incompatibility, to show that the Tories will have no easy, not to say an impossible, task to perform. Under their administration, if we believe their promises and their reproaches of their opponents, the mil lennium of Government is to arrive, and the people are all to be well fed, well instructed, and contented, while every part of the State is to be watched over with as much care as a mother watches over her first child. For our parts, we arc so thoroughly convinced that the Tory sys tem is incompatible with the course of nature and of society, that to give it free scope seems to U 3 the likeliest way to make it destroy itself. While the Tories are profoundly ignorant, even of the elements of political and social science, they are, in consequence of their ignorance, dis posed to meddle with every part of society, and take on themselves—poor mendicants fbrnotoriety —the awful responsibility of providing, by Act of Parliament, for the subsistence, morality, and happiness of mankind. It was the doctrine of ADAM SMITH, but un fortunately he is gone out of fashion, that rent profit, and wages, were all paid out of produce: From that doctrine it followed that the more produce we had, the more rent, profit, or wages, there must be, and probably they would all be increased. The greater the abundance, the greater the rewards for some or all classes of so ciety. That plain common-sense view is now wholly lost sight of; and we are told by the Tories that the more we have, the poorer we shall be ; that we cannot add three, four, five, or even ten millions of quarters of corn annually to our stock, to be purchased mainly by the toils of those untiring slaves, steam-engines, without depriving landlords, farmers, andlabour ers, of what they now possess and receive. The modern doctrine—the PEEL and STANLEY doctrine—the doctrine which nominally has obtained influence at London, Liverpool, and Leeds, and which is to be represented by a large majority in Parliament,is, that the more we increasq our abundance, the worse we shall be - off,' old 'the Vetorse all classes will be-paid. The preent law is to be maintained, lest the people should be starved by heads of foreign corn. We are denied abundance, because it will make us poor. By the answer wiikh the electors have given to her MAJESTY'S appeal, it would appear as if the majority of the electors had adopted the PEEL-STANLEY paradox, and believed that the nation would be impoverished and starved by increasing its wealth, but we are assured that the electors have yielded to very different argu ments. Their poverty, and not their will, has consented. The Tories have first impoverished and plundered them, and then have bribed them. The electors confessed the power of Tory gold, not of Tory arguments. Tn another part of The Sun we supply several exemplications of the fact. The wealth of the Church, the wealth of the Tory aristocracy, the wealth of Tory bank ers, have all been used to gain a Tory triumph. The answer given by the electors is, not that Tory doctrines are true, or good, but that Tory gold is, in their present state of distress, omni potent. It is a sad reproach to the electors that they are seduced by Tory gold; it would be a sadder niisfortune for themselves and the world, if they believed the Tory doctrines. When they believe that four is greater than five—that a whole is less than its parts—that plenty is scarcity—they will believe that adding to the annual supply of com modities, which, and not money, pay the land lord's rent, the capitalist's pr3fit, and. the work man's wages, will diminish the rewards of all. If they could by any possibility have credited such a fallacy, they must soon recover their senses. The matter concerns not the unseen and the unfelt world, but the visible and tangible universe ; and political priestcraft cannot long cheat the multitude touching their food. In proportion as they have been deluded, great will be their indignation when they are sensible of their error, and those may look for a terrible vengeance who have cheated the people into a false creed. The world cannot now be governed by a lie if ever it was. There must not only be truth, but it must be sincerely believed; and the hollow and false pretences of the Tories, their putting forth doctrines for a purpose which they do not and cannot believe themselves, will, in a very short time, cause them to be regarded as the most despicable and worthless of mankind. The whole of the French Journals of Friday and Sa turday have reached•us. They bring very little news of any political importance. An old-womanish Tory Con temporary having hinted in the course of last week that France was founding a second Lower Canada in Africa for the future benefit of England, the Court organs have all at once become as hostile to Sir ROBERT PEEL as they were about a month ago to Lord PALMERSTON. To nettle a Frenchman you have only to ridicule the ten years' war in Africa ; and to put him beside himself; you need but express a fear that France must yet relinquish her African conquests. Parents are said to love their ricketty offspring • better than such as are' well favoured and nealthy, on account of the trouble and anxiety it costs them to rear them ; and something of the same feeling is eviiped by France towards Algeria, the worth "cf which she estimates, not by its intrinsic value either as a military or commercial station, but by the blood and treasure which she has wasted in obtain ing of some hundreds of miles of arid desert, which hitherto has only served her for a grave. The following extract from the Proclamation of the. Committee of 111:3 Holy Land, in Paris, in favour of the Syrian Christians, will be read with some interest. It is signed by the Marquis de PASTORET, the Marquis de llitEux BuEzE, Vicomte WALK', M. de GENOUDE, and several other distinguished French Royalists:— " United by sentiments of faith and attachment to the honour of our country, we have thought that it belonged to France to give to the Christians of Palestine the first testi mony of a generous sympathy, worthy of those who suffer and of those who succour, which offers relief in present circumstances and insures the future ; whose efforts may be avow,d, and which can encounter no obstacles, except in calculations, in which no person will venture to take part openly. We will endeavour to obtain, by prudent measures and persevering representations, by relief and arms, the ame lioration of the condition of the Christians of Palestine and . Syris, the free possession of the religions edifices which be long to them, tne complete guarantee of their existence, all the liberty which is consistent with the situation of the East ; in short, every thng which may demonstrate in these coun tries the influence of France, ever great, useful, and generous.' Christians, we come to the succour of Christians, we appeal to all those whom they call brothers, to assist us in adininistering this succour. Frenchmen, we call upon all who have shown that they are proud of the name, and that they are sensible of •the obligations which it imposes, to set forth the inheritance of intlucnee and glory which belong to Ffanee." Whatever th , .; Court organs may pretend to the . con trary, we know.for certain that tile most exalted per sonages in France sympathise deeply with the Christian population of the East. The Queen of the FRENCH, who is not restricted by political considerations, makes no secret of her earnest desire to improve the condition of the Christians in every part of the Turkish empire. On the subject of the new loan we find the following paragraph in the Temps of Saturday :--• " bix principal receivers-general have determined upon joining some Faris bankers, and forming a Company to tender for a part of the new French loan. They have sent circulars to all their collagiies, announcing their intention, inviting thrm to join, and asking** shares they will take in their Association. We are not yet acquainted with the effect pro duced by this step, which has been denied, but which lays never theless been confirmed to us by persons perfectly well informed. We have given, under a separate head; an account of the recent riots at Toulouse. Several of the French holders of Spanish bonds hive just addressed to the Spanish Government, through the medium of its Ambassador in Paris, a memorial complaining of the con duct which has been adopted towards them, and soliciting re dress. In it the following passages occur We respectfully solicit, through the medium of your Exeellency, that the accumulated interest of the active debt may be ad..ed to the capital, offering, if necessary, to submit to a reduction tf even one-fifth of the rate of interest fixed for the capital; but in waiting fur the time when the finances of Spain shall admit of the payment of the interest on thedebt, as is (lone by other States, we earnestly solicit the adoption of a measure which would have the effect of giving a real value to Spanish bonds. This measure would be, after having added the accumulated interest to the capital, to allow the half-yearly couporis of the interest to be received in payment for one-half of the whole amount of any customs' duties payable to the Go vernment. Such a measure as this would only be one of strict justice; but it would secure the payment of dividends until the Government should be able to pay them in the regular and usual way." There is now living at Nozieres, in the Cantal, a woman named Elize'Clergues, 110 years years old, and who yet con tinues to tend a berd of goats. Her summer-dress is com posed of a canezou, or short jacket, with an apron before and another behind, in the fashion of the middle ages. She has re siding with her a daughter, whom, though she is 72, she treats like a mere child. The Presse mentions a report of Mme. Laffarge having poisoned het self. The Indicateur of Tulle makes no mention of any such circumstance. Important works are going on the rooms of the second floor of the Louvre. Some of them are, it appears, to be pre pared for the reception of the pictures and books composing the bequest recently made to the King by the will of Mr. Frank Hall Standish. TheEpictures are, it is said, 200 in number. Amongst the books is a Bible, which belonged to Cardinal Ximenes, and which is valued at 25,000 fr. We learn from the Hague that the Hawking at Loo, un der the Presidency of Prince Alexander of the Netherlands, hai been very successful thii season, and is still kept up. Already 194 herons have been taken, of which 101, not having been seriously struck by the falcons, were set at liberty after being marked as usual. .- On the anniversary of the coronation of the King of Denmark his Majesty granted free pardons to 50 convicts sen tenced to hard labour. —• hi. Diday, of Geneva, has received a gold medal for his landscapes exhibited this year at the Louvre. The Echo du Nord, of Lille, says—" Our Exchange has been thrown into great anxiety-, by the stoppage of three houses at Dunkirk, belonging to persons who hold public oilices—one in the finance department, and the two others in the notariat." The storm which reached Paris on `unday evening, fell with equal violence about two in the iftern6on, lasting till five, at Pont Audemer, Saint Simeon, Seiles, Tourville, and other communes in the Eure, breaking up the roads by the torrents t created, swelling the little river, the Sebeque, till it over flowed the meadows on its banks, destroying the whole of the hay which happened to have been cut. Two spinning-mills were very much damaged, their walls being shaken by the force of the current, the machinery displaced, and great part of the materials washed away. The consumption of meat in Paris, during the last month, amounted to 5,029 oxen, 1,738 cows, 5,5:-.3 calves, and 34,529 sheep, being a decrease of 741 oxen and 996 calVeF, and an increase of 410 cows and 693 sheep, as compared with the consumption in June, 1840. During the first six months of the preAint year the consumption has been 35,429 oxen, 10,765 cows, 32,452 calves, and 212,155 sheep, being a de crease, as corn' aced with the same period last year, of 1,272 oxen, 3,911 calves, and an increase of 1,220 cows and 4,432 'beep. The Rotten Journals state that the pastures of the Grand Couronne have lately been invaded by a pack of wolves, who have devoured five mares, and torn in a dreadful manner seve ral more. A number of sheep have also been eaten up by them. The Journals add that the storm on Sunday fell with the greatest severity in the communes or the Grand and Petit Couronne. '1 he crops were seriously damaged by the hail, which, at ten o'clock on Monday morning, was still lying on the ground. The water in the ditches was covered with ice of great thickness. At Caudebec-les-Elbeuf a ravine overflowed, and caused great damage. The Echo du Nord states the extraordinary fact that a woman of the commune of Berlaimont, in that department, has been twice delivered of twins within the last eight months and a half ! The Munich Gazette publishes a note from Professor Gruithuisen, announcing that he had ascertained the exact time in which the sun makes its rotation upon its own axis. He finds that the sideral rotation is made in 25 days, 14 hours, 54 minutes, and 5 seconds; and its synodic rotation in 27 days, 13 hours, 17 minutes, and 19 seconds. A mason at work, a few days ago, at a house in the Faubourg Saint Germain, found a quantity of money which had been concealed in the wall. The owner of the house being away from Paris, the honest fellow called in the Com missary of Police to take charge of the discovery. The Com missary ha:Aug counted the money, which was in silver, and gold coin, ascertained that it amounted to 25,000 fr., which he sent to be deposited at the Prefecture of Police till the pro prietor of the house returned, who, we trust, wilt amply reward the conscientious workman for his resistance to so great a temptation. ... Two evenings egoVaTolii employed - in a mina. MORNING SUN. factory of fulminating capsules, on the Plaine des Vertus, n . ef; the St. Denis Road, having finished a quantity of capsnie'l d placed them in a box, was putting a mould into it, sOle°: through some inadvertence, she caused a friction, which explode' the whole of the capsules. A fragment of the box Was (W,. ca n • against her breast, and wounded her so violently, tha t she died almost instantaneously. Other fragments struck anot her woman at some distance, and injured her in several places sl severely that it became necessary to carry her to the hoO t ''' of Saint Louis, where, however, she is likely to be savel ROBBERIES AT THE TUILLE RIES.—FOT some time past officers of the Palace have repeatedly missed portions of ' ~ fringe, the covers of chairs, and even valuable curtainl, BD' 0 other articles of price, from different ap laments. Allenoea7. vours to detect the thief were ineffectual, until two days when, through measures taken under the personal direetioti.orw,oos Baron Athabn, Governor of the Palace, a man ernploy ed >i attending the fires was caught in the act of concealing ant" his clothes a silver gilt candlestick. Being brought before Commissary of Police, he at once confessed that he bad take° - all that waa missing, and gavothe names of three rece ivers, t° ' whom he had sold the articles for trifling sums. The abodes of these men were immedi a tely searched, and such larg e P al" fl flues of stolen goods foundin their possersion, that it., quired a full-sized cart to bring them away. The thief _ _ receivers are all comma medical for - triaL ve Boitens, student, died two days ago, after. week of intense suffering, from the result of a slight wound• nil, flitted by his knife, whilst disSecting a body. Three days al, t aw, the accident the arm, the hand of which he had cut, and which some of the irus of the dead body. had been reeetel i ; became dreadfully inflamed, and the disease soon maths progress as to batik every attempt. to relieve the suffe're'r.. M. Delaroche, responsible editor of the Pitifioad, see^ie tented, on March 8, to pay a tine of 10,000 f., and to he 01 ,,,• u ';risoned for a month, surrendered himself ,on hurstla): , 00 1 undergo the last part of the judgment; but, as iii is still weak state of health, the Prefect et Police his g ranted permission to pass the term of his imprisonment its a ) 15 : °1 • a • 13 de Saute, at t haillot. THE EA RTH QUA KE. — . The shocks of earthquake felt til4 Paris, on Sunday night, were perceived with greater force 0 : 1 the centre of France..• At Nevets, Bourges, P o ntlevoys Sfi t .10 1 , cerre,. Tours, and the surrounding districts, the shocks wer7 t 491 with Much force, just at the same time as in Paris. 4. 13 1,1:, twelve, and again in some localities at a little before four. s t mo sa f tn ,,is. : t ; t ip itr oe m t. :t a l , i tl a tc t rir f u, e r l in l bg o l v ,it ei:h n e o capital visited alconsidgraO e ' Pa ill oscillations t i cs iw hi f4 v4 u b e eta i n he i leans, on the same evening, about eight o'eloC i X Ol a whirlwind passed over t h e t own , an d th e eveningi ' sai°o Ac ;;, stormy until midni g ht, w h en the h or i zon b egan te'eleer with OcieziSitinal' lightning. At this time there w ,„l '-' not' the slightest-vrin t L At a quarter bolero One:err . nyd7,' ' morning, thtee shocks of an earthquake roused the habitants from . their sleep, and occasioned great a i a rl ii t j They succeeded each other at intervals, of fr° l3 , „ t , to thirty-five seconds. The first, which was the most siw e .,.% had the effect of a violent motion from east to west. ; the tw co hers were from north to south. The third in part° lllst lasted a pretty long time, and many persons who were I )' 4 in their beds, placed in the direction of east to west, felt the s ni move five or six times. Those, on the con vary, whose bel l were placed in the direction north to south, felt their heads a,° feet rise and fall with great rapidity. This last shock had ea• like that of a heavily laden carriage passing over W e. d ment at a distance. A short time afterwards a violent wil e arose, and was followed by torrents of rain. At three i n ,: e ‘" morning the storm was over, but another shock of earthquaßb „4" was experienced. This was in the direction of north to o u „, t • '- but was less violent. The shocks were felt in all the munes near Orleans, but with the exception of the ,derange igs• a ment of small articles of furniture, and some slight craell a s no t o evidence remained of them. It is a remarkable fac t t to,‘, , all the insane patients of the Asylum at Orleans passed '-'ot night in a state of extreme agitation and irritation. „. , 0 • , A correspondent at Boulogne writes, that there ie"' fit .iF strong a gale of wind in the channel, on Wednesday ni g 'O l l that the Magnet steamer, which ought to have arrived tha ) ' est ers day. • did nut enter the harbour till half-past twelve day. While a coachman was waiting to convey the passe l l ers p t up the town, he perceived a fire breaking out in the s par of Lieutenant Andrieu, of the Customs, in the third floor 0 house at the corner of the Rue Pied Gallard. This Iva! /3 % tween one and two in the morning. By his promptitude.tie calling up the Mayor and other authorities the firemen dis almost immediately on the spot, and saved the town from a aster which would otherwise have been extensive on aceo unt the forte of the wind. As it was, the flames , 6straYe d l b ;e , upper parts of three houses adjoining before they could be 9 , dued. The accident is said to have been occasioned by male servant suffering her candle to catch her bed - el °l l, -. Fortunately, there. is no loss of lives to deplore, though the struction of property is considerab!e. BELGIAN CoMMERCE.—It appears, by an account Of thbee a s return of the movement of the Belgian ports for 1840, th at / a s • ' number of vessel& which entered Antwerp in that year whe 1,173, measuring 180,632 tons, and the number which l eft to to 1 5, port 1,151, measuring 163,306 tons. The imports by sea t 4 Antwerp amounted to 120,902,770 fr., being neatly t wenn 1 three millions more than in 1839. The general moveme a t • 0 arrivals and departures at Ostend was 753 vessels, ineaserl;: 76,015 tons; Ghent, 285 vessels, giving a total of 27, 4 5 6 t° , r • - g - .1 Louvain, 132 vessels, 9,576 tons ; Alieuport, 204 vessels, 5,115. tons. The general result of the five ports was 3,591 te 3s ? 4 measuring 463,069 tons, being 61 vessels and 49,429 tons iet'; than in 1839. The imports by sea into Ostend amoun ted . 9,338,557 fr. ; Nieuport, 3,964,141 fr. ; Louvain, 472 ,3u n . „; Gheut, 20,294,777 fr. The total amount of the impor tses ; the five ports, was 155,472,605 fr. The imports of e,? , t ,,, "1 ) , amounted to 13,019,900 fr. (7,704,740 fr. more than in 1 10 '',, Of this amount 10,955,540 fr. was from the United Stateh; 1,957,000 fr. from England, and 263,360 fr. from France . • 01 total amount of the imports from France was 6,972,23 0 !,(1 than in 18.39, but on wines there was an increase of 1,49.3,„,, ',„ 1 4 A correspondent of the Augsbargh Gazette write s fre''; (41 Belgrade on the 27th ult. rn Hafiz, Pacha of Erzerous an d Khosrew Pacha have lately attended sittings of the Divan, had conferences with the Ministers on the subject of a re ° t ,ei ganization of the army. The cessation of the exile of Khosre:, Pacha is attributed to the intervention of the Russian Art e sa tor. This, if true, proves the increasing influence of gbh Cabinet of St. Petersburgh over that of Constantinople, Yiks:4 will be the more confirmed should Khosrew be again achnitri t .. , to participate in the management of state aflhirs. The ro l a ! 1 in Candid is considered by the Sultan to have been the work , France, whose enemies give this interpretation to the mis' i f of M. Piscatory into Greece. These circumstances have I v "' the discredit into which France had previously fallen with t- Divan." " ea' A Correspondent at Athens, writes to the Univers, a the 20th ult., that it was in consequence of the King to „ Greece refusing to accede to part of M. Alarrocordatos gramme, that this statesman retused to accept office. itt,ot:ie time it was thought his Majesty•would have accepted thew ho programme, but it is understood that an objection raised dismis+al of the Council of Referendaries, which is princir de . composed of Bavarian Councillors, which was stronglY p .• mantled by M. Mavrocordato, led to the breaking off of 11 . 7 1 .,1 tiations. Another letter, in the Temps, says that se dig. German volunteers have gone to join the insurgents in Car T ad and that a reinforcement of from 460 to 500 Mainotes reachede islan. The Auysbu d rgh Gazette says, " The late victory °f,, d tl3e 6 Russian troops in tiaghestan, whereby they gained the vine ', of 'l'scherke'f, cost them many lives, as the mountaineers niathe a most obstinate resistance, and their assailants only W° o day by repeatedly bringing up fresh reinforeements.'! ihe Phare des Pyrenees, of the 7th, has the followingto tide :—" In consequence of .the fresh instructions addrfo44-;ot, the Prefect of the Department, by the Minister of the inter,„ * a pretty considerable number of priests anti Carlist refubjof have just received orders to quit the Arrondisseme n, „. .; Bayonne, and to move to a distance from the frontier. 3 , 3 ,,,, ° 0 , signoti Adriana, Bishop of Pampeluna, and M. de Are' r at Vice-Nuncio of the Pope, at Madrid, who has resided Bayonne for some months, have received passports for the , terror of the kingdom. c ot " According to letters from Madrid of the 3d, in the e tb ing, the two Spanish Chambers were to meet on the g as 6th, in order to appoint a Guardian to the Queen- for generally thought that Signor Arguelles was to be chosen i at that office. Baradero the French Consul-Ge nera iss. Monte Video, has just arrived at Havre, on board the L ea cit e Maria ; during his absence, M. Arsine Isabella will eser the functions of Consul." We find the following article in the Lausanne Gazette the 6th of July : " The King of Sardinia, taking advantage of the re I t 4 of France in extending its commercial relations 'wit! o f Switterland, is preparing to deprive it of the greate r the advantages of the transit trade between the Mediterrarvy ly and Geneva, by having an iron railway made in the territ.o Savoy, by which goods will be conveyed speedily and 61 ' 0 0. from the neighbourhood of Lyons to Geneva, and tic t ad , The French engineers have long been making the fiv es mirable plan for rendering the Upper Rhine navigable these Lyons to the extremity of the Lake of Geneva ;h 3 ,-, " t ies plans will doubtless long remain unexecuted. ingct Albert intends shortly to make a journey into Savoy, to "rr the localities, and, if it is found to be advisable ts work to be immediately commenced. hit; t I i? ; nova will readily take a share in this useful undertaking . f :; , • 4 7 Le Commerce. BOURSE—PARIS, SATURDAY, JULY „teet„ e s, : , , .; s First Highest Lowest i,;, c e Price Price. Price 115 eiench 5 per Cents lie 90 ... 115 05 I'4 93 ••• g 9 50 4 per Cents 99 30 ... 09 3 0... 99 30 ••• 1 6 3 per Cents. ex. div 76 '75 - 70 50 . 76 75 '''i3) 'tank of France Laffitte Stank:s,ooof. snares 5/37 50 ...5117 50 ...511 5 •• • "101 Belgian 5 per Cents. New Loan lc2 ... 1 2 1004 .• snantah Active ......... ji L2S *" Passive 5 5 5 "' Neapolitan .102 00 102 95 ... 'tr.= 90 "" Roman PAILWAY SHARES. 69° St. 6ermao , n • 19 3 Versailles, L. B ""' 103 '75 195 ... 19 2 " 511 ' It. B 3ll 50 .. :312 50 312 50 .•• Orleans ltrasbunz to Bale 1236 25 ... V 36 9.3 %33 • 411,•- llO 34 Our ordinary arrivals from Madrid are only of t t he ' inst. The Budget for six months was then befor Chamber of Deputies. The following are the iteu T i s s : Royal Household Legislative Bodies • 292,05 5 Sinking Fund Foreign Affairs 5,734,855 Just ice Finance Auto` f ja, 9P Interior 01 War ....... . .0 ; 0, Marine l if 0 Total ; • Jo r No Bourse news. ,•;4 DEPENDENCE CAUSED BY PRESENT Cons' gl en ,Js —One of the great arguments of the Pro-Corn -law f f a - , is that they desire to keep England independent (- 11 0 do. roigners for a supply of food. They are as b ee p ne up ceived on this point as in their attempts to it e n prices, for England has actually become dePee n ore foreigners, and has for several years past drawn M ore than the twentieth part of the food of her peoPl e b . o nt abroad. The average annual importation has been „b abroad. 0, 900,000 qrs. of wheat. It is presumable that wi , l i e s free trade in food we should draw part o f our sq l t he from the United States, Prussia, Russia, a nd 1, ! . re .. , p corn-growing countries with which we 'deal. is '1 sumable, too, that with all the markets of th,% ;iv es, open to us, there would not only be plenty at al , " us A t . , ' O , but all these markets never could be closed again st 10 0 10 ,0 once. At present, however there are only one o r ti'T Porno ! ~,'i t where, when we are almost starving, we can g e ke pt s ' l .( and our people, instead of being fatty fed, nr e pace tea I,t very short, that the Russians and Prussians ba d 17: 1 ' 4 times more power over us than they would have We ,/,'',„! with free trade. Now we have no food„ to Ire, e , '„,,t have no surplus ; and if they ithll°' cro uch ,'' from us in ihe hour of our need, we n nst Cor n at their mercy. Our present condition twit. n , on ly laws resembles that of a poor supplicant 10- vi b i ; e): - one trade and one employer trembling f"r w, wells ; with free trade it would be that of 3' .ci thin r , , fed, thriving tradesnian, abounding in all the go,u . , of ._ ._ of life, living, certainly:' by .supplying the want,' o d t he1 . ,;...' .neighbourhoid,l4ut s'o'Wolltaa , s :Always to disr 4 .,<--fief loss of any one customer, and, therefore: glivflv LTd ii riv a l e )110]