The Sun. — London, England, 1841-08-10 00:00:00

)1- tie MORN 1N SUN. L ONDON AND BRIGHTON RAIL- WAY COMPANY. The general half-yearly meeting of the Proprietors ,i in - abo ve undertaking, was h e ld i n the London 'Tavern a . esterd ay. The Chair was taken at one o'clock by J. Harman, the Chairman of the Company. The formal business n g been disposed of, Th e CHAIRMAN said it was most gratifying to himself brother Directors to meet so large a meeting of )he Proprietors, for he was convinced that before they kakat, the room they would be perfectly satisfie d with the i s ' en:l ents that were to be laid before them. Th e most tar P?rtant o ccurrence s i n ce the last meeting was t he Iv a " ' oFening of the line—the result of tha t o p enin g important, because it had convinced every one w h o 1 1,2 7 seen th e working of the line on that par t which had _ n opened that their traffic when the line was op ened cirsotaighout w ou ld b e immense.-(Cheers.) He had li ns the pleasur e of informing the Propr i etors that the ss the very soon be thrown open; indeed, he might ,_Y that it was the intention of the Directors to open it wi the 14th of next month.—(Cheers.) They had, how tt'‘x,er, been unable to bring the works so forward without Is - r id ing more money than he had led them to andel hat tohnethe last occasion of meeting. lie had then stated it at line would be completed for 2,070,000/., since Meeting it was well-known to them all, that they i iniet with some exceedingly , heavy slips, which had ssu s -, 1„ va them much anxiety. However, in so great . and 12Pendous a work as theirs, considering that good judges L° said their pl an was almost impracticable , yet it was s t ' w nearly finished, and Sir F. Smith, who had inspected j s k aici it was n ear ly th e best line, if not the best , it had t" 'leen his d u ty to i n spect.—(Cheers.) He had also 4t 11 ° 1 pleasure in informing them that even with the ad sittal outlay caused by the slips, the line would b e made s ect throughout --it would be completed without the 1, 4 et!or s calling for any f ur ther . assistance from the kP ri etors.—(Cheers.) Even during the last half y ear 1, 1 3' persons said that they would be compelled to :`:! i 'v another half million before they could complete ' "le, and h e cou ld scar cely disabuse their minds of the I,, s e s t' ; he was, therefore, much and h i g hl y g ratified in 4 , - 1 1 4' . .?, able to state most confidently that they would re- Is os ,, el in more aid. He did not wish to detain t hem ; he sh ie tutt therefore simply say that they had raised all t s ,, ln cmey they were entitled to, and he was happy to that even in such an undertaking as theirs, only the N . , sum of 12,000/. was outstanding. Considering the e and extent of their difficul+;es, he thought they had kof ?ell overcome. The clerk would read the Reports ° the Directors and the Engineer, after which he be 17happy to answer any question which might , _ SECRETARY then read very voluminous Reports, ti tle '', at length embodied all which had taken p lace the last meeting. ifThe CHAIRMAN said they had now heard the Reports th e Directors and the Engineer read, and he would be 'l 3r , to answer any questions that might be put to him. td • 4) ROPRIETOR inquired whether it could be stated The at what period the line would be opened? o CHAIRMAN said the line would be certainly k et ; e \ u. throughout on the 14th of September.—(Hsar , had very lately gone over the whole of the u se+ and the gentlemen ,who accompanied him, and r him as: t t i ek ,could bear testimony to the accuracy of _M • k i s Report. Nothing but exceedingly, bad weather nee ll- Prevent the opening at the time fixed. There had 1144 had delay from the delivery of the rails, but 4e had all arrived since the date of the Report.—(Hear.) • PARSONS, a Proprietor, begged to know under Pfh . ' s 'eads the excess of expenditure would occur? t1;4 11 ,,' CRAIRMAN said the great excess would be f(?1- 4 0 , 1 1 ‘i ' e tion of the contracts and for extra works, and it 11,'„ a rnount to something like 130,0001. t • i• s - c-insosts said there was no detailed statements ric expenditure, which was yet to be incurred. e tjnAinitrAN said their Report was only . made up the lus o 30 th June, and . they had, in addition, given the settiettlint estimated for the completion of the works, Attu,. Would be something about 2,289,00 01 . When the ;th e i; e of the wor k s was taken into consideration , and ▪ vast extent, it would be seen that wh ile the y were „.eross„ it was extremely difficult to come to any ins ,like n a clo se c alculation. A good deal of extra ex s' had been incurred in making four lines of railway I sp -a ell station, and that had been done• to prevent, as a si s is P ; e 'ssible, the liability of accidents.—(Hear, hear.) o i: s r line, when a train arrived at a station, .it stood 'R at i o 'Lie ordinary line, and another train passing the n `oth er a either way could not, as had been the case on Ilatu ee l 'ai e lways, come into collision. Looking at upon s ° ' : the trafic, which they might reasonably expect 'tand t s -e 'r line, they considered that they ought not to p reasonable expense to make it as complete Itlili - ule—(Haar, hear.) Ile had no doubt that when cat lin e was finally opened, it would be found that the ai t r o l i ses of keeping it in thorough repair would be very ta t ,',. All would agree that the first expense was always s j a -least, and they were not likely to have any heavy f .l l4 ' t ;,f e g its N s w s o a r i k d i working or r a e r p e a d ir th fo a r t s 9 o 4 m o e o t o ir time hadto come.heen „ Nether that the 30thl -e une, and lie wished to know Nether that included all the arrangements of the Com easy ? The CHaiitmast—Certainly not. They had given as ) s „, ‘ ,et of courtesy to the Proprietors a statement of the extended up to the present time, but the detailed could not be given till the next half-yearly meeting. b .t ritteTon said the Hon. Proprietor must see that Ise . as impossible to make up the account s in a satisfac- Manne r until, the completion of the contracts. tr h ; t r * PARSONS wished Id know if there was any 'con zetuall- ) finished ? X s , • l lasTracrs, the Engineer of the Company, said %- !eo c u nl Y Contract actually completed, and on which the Th ere were were balanced, was the Shoreham branch. % titr e s Were titsill some little matters to be done on the I ve44l , ets for he part of the line actually opened, and it S s i s " i require two or three months before all the work he s ,' ne actually finished off and the accounts sent in. The app N ,vorks were all completed, and they were able to liii,r4i.ate very nearly to the sum that would be re the the line. At the last m eetin g of asd t P rie tOrS they had the Earls wood embankment, ros e v i ° o or thr ee ot h er ve ry heavy works in ha nd, and / key?'" th em was of such a nature that for two months . eal t s e made scarcely any progress. Now all these diffi !ttatiss h ad been overcome, but it required both perse -I,ejand increased expense to overcome them, and ch, r °rK s which remained to be completed were of such 11 % 4 aeter that they could estimate almost to a fraction kr would be required to be expended on them. • I'ARSONS' object in putting these questions was t o sa ssaas in what was the actual sum they would have tr a V , because on many other lines considerable ex 4,,Pc,,nses had been incurred after their opening. the i ,o . "AsTuIc K coulk assure the Hon. Proprietor that fli ett , tl i t i l on and Brighton line would be an exception.- - ss " 4 . l ll4i„ ear .) They had expended a great deal of money s . 4 lss av "g the stations complete, by having four lines of dir e . ay' 4 0 that one train could pass another in the same t hein a r s '„ On other lines, the train at a station was on rem " Il e, and there was no possibility of passing ex p Parficular places. They had also provided load- Nis etii e e s for carriages and horses, sidings, and other Iv , s here, el l e es• and they were enclosing their stations ; that h -s, 't‘ they looked at other lines, they would find s e peri ed ese matters were left till after the line had been Sri th .-- (lienr, hear.) Indeed, it would be found arigh t e o r e would be a very trifling expenditure on the s s a line after its opening, and they had as much ', l hal te l` t chairs in stock as would nearly enable them to `ize a --eir arrangements for the conveyance of merchan nd ea 's.—(Hear, hear.) silts p th - '• S ONS said the ' explanations of the Engineer fad e Directors were very satisfactory, and he had ken s o s i nquiries, because, in many instances, he had is„the per cent. added for extra expenses. Isr sals .' 44 tlisiaN said they were anxious to give every a sikio . 'son to the Proprietors, but it was not always N tts. us to go into items where there were unsettled ac -4,113' ti t ; - Hear, hear.) They did not wish to hide '''Olv es -n g , only he trusted that a little discretionary , °or % " T as regard e d d e t a ils, would be allowed the Direc tli(;ey„,le was glad the questions had been put , beca use s • e Cight have been an impression that a large su m would • It Ted for extra expenses after the opening of the extras o'w, they had made it a rule to pay for all the Inu o every mon th, and he was fully persuaded that t he t e ntall i l th e y h a d pu t down in their Report would cov er ,e,expenses of the line. — (C heers. ) inia s 11 0PRIETOR begged to ask the worthy Chairman What h ea d would be charged the expenses of the 1 4 441 ' sentertainment given by them a fortnight ago. T h e t en s illts I .! CHAIRMAN was very glad the - question had been J'kt: b ecause he had received many letters upon the sub- I hs s , se me of which were signed and some were aennonthye hce'. compl a i n ing of the entertainment given_ stating tli st -l 'on of the opening of the railway, and_ af ter The Shareholders who went down the day Is Q got only bread and cheese, while the Di lasara and their friends got champagne, &c.—(Loud s t her t ?_t) Now, after three y ears anxious erap.tc.. y s - ;r s "',' , te did not think it was too muc h that the D 'euld have the power to treat themselves' and 4ss r : tk s upo-n such an occasion. — (Che ers.) He must -i l'e et that Shareholders had been exclu ded. Each 131- %4 r had th e power of inviting two friend s, and none sf t han those were invited except those who hadbeen t „,eat use to the undertaking. bed ° Il ronrietors expressed themselves much dissatis am With the conduct of the Direction upon the occasion, E t tp, 4 Mr. Mayhew moved a resolution approving of the alit -11 s, and ordering them to be printed and circulated, th e : ° ndemning the conduct of the Directors in giving '44,22tertainment in question, and preventing its being 1 , : 1 into a precedent. tai st Crtarttinex said the Proprietors could not enter kll3, ch poposition for one moment, if they placed • ic°llfidenee p a the Directors. TALEY moved as an amendment, simply that the 1 7hieh ° L ueyrinted and oirculated amongst the Proprietors ; glasdsielng seconded, was at once adopted, only four 14,. ° b eing held up in f a vour of the original motion. "net M.P , begged to ask the Chairman whe tkid - ey had come t . c, any - untlerstanding with Mr. Gold , .4 1.e sPectfng his property. is e Cal./Irma/4 said No. Mr. Goldsmid had given up tf seat el in the Direction. He had filled a bill in the Court t, o sw r anc e,rY, to which the Directors had given in their "Nid -. "hell Mr. Goldsmid saw that, he thought he lir not proceed any furter. kiddi e RENNIE was very un f on d of law. Was there no that te , course Viat could be pursued ? —could not the be settled by ar bit ra ti on ?. h r o eltatitsr.AN said, that course could not be taken, deed se Mr. G. wanted to introduce a c lause in the tibt co nveying his land, which the Court could not pos 1' 3' Ittlt t cede to ' w i t h out a violation of their A ct of Par t ent ac Hekate wanted to have power to re - e nter on h i s r ent' o r li a ny cotils were carried upon the 1..10. The Di- Stn„ o 8 acceded to that, in fact ; but they never could i tta __ that it s h ou l d form part of the deed. It would be ti lt tho express provisions • and such being the fact, qAtm e e - r i.power cote.cl decide between them than the Load Mr. MAYHEW begged to ask what was the cost of the entertainment given by the Directors ? The CHAIRMAN--26 61. Mr. MAYHEW—A most extravagant sum.—(Laughter.) In answer to the complaint of a Proprietor, The CHAIRMAN said it was not intended that the trains should go at more speed than at present until the railway was opened throughout, when the time con sumed between the extreme stations would be under two hours. Mr. WALE! had the utmost confidence in the zeal and abilities of the Directors, but he must say that it was within his knowledge that many speculators had been prevented from joining them on account of the Chancery suit. He was an advocate for an arbitration in Mr. Golds mid's case. Mr. PARSONS said the time of the meeting ought not to be occupied in .discussing a leg al question—it should be submitted to arbitration if that were possible. The CHAIRMAN said the Proprietors would have every reason to find fault with the Directors if they al lowed them to be deprived of their railway merely be cause a few coals passed down the line. They had been driven to the course they had now adopted, for he could assure the meeting that they had not gone into the Court of Chancery until they were compelled to do so. —(Hear, hear.) Mr. CASH begged to ask what charge was made against them by the London and Greenwich Railway Company? The CHAIRMAN said they had nothing to do with the Greenwich Company. The London and Croydon Com pany made an arrangement with the Greenwich, and they (the London and Brighton Railway Company) paid the Croydon Company lid. per mile for each passenger. A PROPRIETOR said the Directors had acted very pro perly in the charges they had made for travelling upon their line ; but he wished to know whether, when the line was opened throughout, any alteration would be made in the fares ? The CHAIRMAN was happy to say that it was their in tention to reduce the pares when the line was opened throughout.--(Hear, hear.) They must recollect, that at present they had a very expensive machinery between Hayward-heath and Brighton, and they must also bear in mind that only three coaches had been yet taken off the line, and within the last week they had carried nearly 6,000 passengers.—(Hear.) Another PROPRIETOR hoped the fares would not be lowered very much as the line was a very expensive one. The CHAIRMAN would endeavour to consult the in terests of the Proprietors and the accommodation of the public, and they had thought it better to start with high fares and then lower them, than to start with low fares and be obliged to raise them. A PROPRIETOR suggested that it would be advisable to have an amalgamation of the Croydon and Brighton Companies. At present it appeared to him that there was a great waste of power in that part of the line. The CHAIRMAN hoped the good sense of both Com panies would devise something which would do justice to both. They had no wish to do anything detrimental to the Croydon Company, but it was undeniable that their traffic must interfere with that of the Croydon. Mr. MAUBERT then moved the thanks of the meeting to the Chairman and Directors for their able and effi cient management of the affairs of the Company. The motion was seconded by Mr. MAYHEW, and car ried unanimously. The CHAIRMAN returned thanks. He was satisfied that after the line had been a short time opened they would all admit that they had no reason to regret having embarked their property in the undertaking. Thanks were then voted to the engineer (Mr. Ras trick) and the meeting separated. THE ORDER OF MECHANICS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,--I address you because you have always proved yourself to be the steady friend, the able advocate, and the faithful adviser of us working men. I wish to ask you what it is that we are waiting for. Is it to see what Lord A., Lord 8., Lord Y., Lord Z. will do for us ? Were any people ever saved from op pression by waiting for their Lords ? I would say, let us wait no longer, but at once do our own work with our own hands. We have waited too long. The shouts of our trium phant tyrants are everywhere driving the poor to mad ness. They tell us—" By crippling trade we will lessen the demand for your labour and lower your wages—we will by high duties exclude you from sugar, and all things now indispensable for your comfort ; you may bid farewell to beef and mutton, hence forth these are to be allowed only to clergy men and gentlemen; take a little loaf of bad bread and be thankful that we sell it to you." For all the misery we suffer, Lord Sandon tells us in Liver pool, " to thank the clergymen of the Church of Eng land." The Dublin University Magazine, insulting over our Queen, as if that lady were already their victim and prisoner, hesitates not to call her a " deluded" woman, and to bid us " thank the Church of England alone" for all our miseries. The London Standard reiterates their cry of triumph over us, " The Church of England it is, and the Church of England alone." It is so. I never see the little loaf, I never look at my hungry children, I never listen to the useless advice to give more butcher's meat to a son and save his life, but I do feel towards the clergymen such feelings as do not find utterance from a man in words. When Charles the Fifth had the Pope a prisoner in Rome he set all the priests in Spain to pray him out, So when our Lords have closed the ports against all wheat they set our clergy to work to pray it in. Having by their laws made bread dear and placed it as much as they tan out of our reach, the clergymen would have us day by day and a dezen times on a Sunday cry to God, " Give us bread." For what, Sir, are we waiting ? Let us exert our selves, "the hour" has come, and if we do our part doubtless there will soon appear " the man." Write for us. Act with us. The torch and the dagger are the means used by ignorant and misguided suferers. Save us from a wrung course by enabling us to take the right road. To me it appears that in each of our large towns the working men should form themselves into a society for mutual improvement, for recreation, and for social elevation. We have Freemasons, Knights of the Garter, Odd Fellows, Baths, and Thistles ; we have ribbons and stars, and badges of many sorts. Let us have another " Order." Coventry will supply us with ribbons. Birmingham will make us medals. Let no one be admitted who is not industrious, sober, and well conducted, no one who is not either a working man or who has proved himself to be a friend of the industrious classes. A friendly intercourse could easily be kept up between our large towns. The object aimed at should be to fit us for, and raise ourselves to, ou r proper station in society. No easy task. Everything is tending to our degradation. When in Sheffield I never went to my work so early that I did not see at his shop window a file-cutter hard at work. At six o'clock on a winter morning there he was hard at work by candle light; at nine o'clock there he was still at w o.ek, his candle burning, the file before him, hammer in one band, punch in the other, and the ceaseless and un varied t hump, thump, thump. This lasted six days in the week. 0 u the Sunday what could he do. All places for social enjoyment, for healthy recreation, or mental im provement, are closed against him. He has his choice of the dusty road , the public-house, or the great building where he is. told to toil hard, suffer cheerfully, and to thank the good clergy. He may stay at home, but he cannot there have such comforts as his hard work has earned, nor be grladdened by the presence of his wife and children fed, clothed, and cheered as he would wish. Relentless toil, a bad atmosphere, deficient food—these things are making its physically inferior to our fathers. Division of labour g: ves to each of us such unvaried and machine-like empl.9yment, that our minds are not called into action. Leisure we have not. Low wages and dear food bring us into circumstances of distress, dependence, and degradation. We are losing the manli ness for which the English were once famd. It will soon be said " the English were once a fine race of men." If we do not at once rouse ourselves and take mea sures for our own improvement, we shall soon be defi cien t in bodily strength, in intellectual power, in social hahits, and in personal courage. We shall be miserable and helpless victims, safely despised by those who have degraded us. To the party coming into power we are no stra n g ers. When apprenticed in Sheffield, I was often at the shop of the Miss Gales, and I heard how their father and brother had to fly their country to save their lives. Their lives were in danger, because in the Sheffield In telligencer they had opposed bad Government. In Shef field I saw that kind and amiable man James Montgo mery, who was twice imprisoned for long periods, twice fined large sums ; one time for sympathising with dis tress ; rmother, for lamenting over men murdered in the streets of Sheffield. I saw, for years, in Sheffield the gloo In diffused by the rule of Sidmouth and Castle reagh. You might have thought that demons had spread t heir wings over the land. There was the horror of the sl sulking spy, the dread of the dungeon deep be yond wha t the law could reach. We had no Habeas Corpus Act, but the Church in all its glory, with its Test arid Corporation Acts and its Penal Code. An ac cident 'when in London obliged me to turn into the first glover's shop I met with. I purchased what I wanted from a go•od-natured, honest-looking man. He gave me a tract. .1 read it. I thought the tract was evidently the result o f strong good feeling and deficient informa tion.newspapers soon after informed us that us son were both thrust into prison. But Evans The and 1 who needs to be reminded of those black days ? Who does not hear coming up from the dungeon the moans of the aged Ogdelti Who does not hear the fiendish laugh from the Tory . Treasury benches revered and ruptured" sufferer ? Who does not hear the cries of the wounded. and dying that come from Peterloo ? Who listens nc 4 during the more horrid silence of the widow ? Wh et feels not burning in his breast that fire that burned in. liar eye-balls and prevented tears, as she bent over her son Richard in his blood among the mas sacred at Ra thcormack. Lord Sandon need not tell us to thank the. Church. We know our debts to it. Gladly would we 1. anish from our minds such persons as the s as Jocelyn, did we not shud derßyders, a . ad such Bishop b S e a f n or d e on u s s a a n s d b t l h a e ck ß as ode th n e s wer were at teri knowledge n g the p t r h o a s t p t he eet e s a m re on a e t y eas an e d ; dark yer.rs of suffering through which we have passed. lei T su l r ie e_ la th n deiorwtnveeards isansdavet,hane dctlheregirymhianvd they have both Houses of parliament —they have the array—they - are omnipotent for on We are nu erous—we are congrgated—we must at once unite in peaceable,. strenuo e us, and well-directed exertions, or be for evert kols and slaves. Under all our disadvan tages I can vet use the words of Cromvve, and say—" I trust the na one of Englishman will one day be more " respected ti ion that of Roman ever was. AN ENGLISH MECHANIC. Liverpo , );', Aug. 7 th,' 1841. The 'Apparatus for shiftina Sunderland light house 13' 3 ing completed, the operations of removal com menced, •on 36ronday. It is already shifted several yards to the north, and in a few days will be removed to the east,. near to the pier-end.—Tyne Pilot, SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S. The only St. Leger horses backed yesterday were Middleham and Tearaway, the former in tens, and the other for 2001., the prices being severally 8 and 10 tb 1. Nothing done on the Derby. The room was very thinly attended, owing to the Wolverhampton races, which com menced yesterday. The St. Leger " Price Current" closed as follows ST. LEGER. 5 to 4 agst Mr. Rawlinson's Coronation 4 to 1 agst Lord Westminster's Van Amburgh 7 to 1 agst Duke of Cleveland's Middlehtun 10 to 1 agst Mr. Ferguson's Tearaway—taken 25 to 1 agst Mr. Thornhill's Eringo—taken 25 to 1 agst Lord Westminster's Lampoon—taken THE DERBY. The following bets were laid a day or two back :-50 0 even laid on Scott's, J. Day's, and M. Dilly's lots against the field. Offers to Let 30 cr take 5 to 1 about Nessus. Maroon was sold yesterday for 1,0401., and Marshal Soult for 3101. ifp F. SUN, LONDON, TITEST)A Y . , A TJG UST 10, 1841. PORT UGAL. LISBON, AUG. 2.—The Bill of Foracs, or land-pro perty, has been but slowly progressing, owing to M. Soure, an opposition deputy, having declared that such a law would be but a panacea, bring no eventual good to the country, and prove only the means of creating end less litigation. On Wednesday a project for lessening the postage on newspapers which circulate through the kingdom was adjourned sine die, Ministing hariag ob jected to it. Their opponents, who seem to have had the superiority in argument, were obliged to succumb to Ministerial numbers, and after some bitter reflections against the press, which fell from the Foreign Secretary, M. Rodrigo da Fonseca Magelehaes, a division was called for, which decided its adjournment.. The vital question of the stoppage of payment or bankruptcy bya capitalization of the floating debt up to the end of June last, as proposed by the Palmella Committee, is given as the order of to day. On this question the variance which exists between his Grace and the Ministry, particularly M. Avila, of the Finance Department, is well •known ; the latter, in a meeting lately held, said he would resign office if his colleagues intended to give their support to the mea sures ; his Grace answered him in rather an angry tone, and observed, that arguments ad terrorem were but a poor mode of discussion, concluding, that if the present Ministers were to go out, the country would not, in con sequence, be lost. Notwithstanding this divergency of opinion, the continuation of the finance scheme in statu quo will, in all probability, be carried. From the aspect in which affairs now are, and are likely to assume, it is conjectured that, soon after the 15th of the present month, Ministers will call for a vote of confidence, and then prorogue the Cortes to next January. I learn, from good authority, that M. Aguilar, the Spanish Envoy at this Court, has written in the most energetic terms to the Government upon the recognition of the late Miguelite Bishops, and their appointment to the two dioceses on the Portuguese frontiers. Braganza and Elvas. Spain looks with a jealous eye upon these recognitions and on the negotiations carried on with the Pope, and seems to discover a plan for undermining the Spanish revolution, and establishing a propaganda in Portugal. Saturday, the twenty-ninth anniversary of the birth day of her Imperial Majesty the Duchess of Braganza, was feted as a grand gala, and the usual domon strations were shown by firing Royal salutes from the Portuguese forts and ships of war in the Tagus. A Royal dinner was given at the Palace at Cintra to her Imperial Majesty on the occasion; amongst the guests were the gallant Duke de Terceira, the Marquis de Sal danha, and the Bishop of Braganza. The invitation of this Prelate, who five years ago in a printed address ad vocated the cause of Don Miguel in opposition to her Majesty the Queen and the Pedroites, has afforded much matter for animadversion. Her Serene Highness the Infanta Donna Isabel Maria, the once Regent of Por tugal, has left her Palace at Bemfica for that of Ramal bao, near Cintra, to pass the summer. The revenue of the Lisbon Custom-house, and Excise office and Custom-house of Oporto for the month of June last, paid in debentures, ex-paper money, and coin, amounts conjointly to 329,038,050 reis, equal to 75,4091. 2s. Bd. sterling, showing an increase on the preceding month of May of 7,9541. Bs. 3d. sterling. The accounts from the Algarves are of a most lament able nature, scarcely anything but murders, assassina tions, and robberies of the worst description are to be heard of ; the churches of Santa Marinha do Zezere, Trisouras, Loivos da Ribeira, and San Nicolas, have been recently broken into and stripped of everything of value. _ _ Yesterday, at mid-day, a calamitous and extensive fire broke out in the premises of a Swiss cabinetmaker at the Thesouro Velho, near to the English hotel of Madame de Belem, which, being increased by a very strong north wind, threatened, for upwards of two hours, destruction to the whole of the neighbouring districts. Happily, how ever, through the well-directed exertions of the firemen, assisted by many private individuals and the officers and seamen from the Portuguese ships of war, the French corvette Coquette, and the British brig Espoir, the flames were got under ; and by five o'clock all appre hension for the safety of the adjoining dwellings had sub sided. Much property has been destroyed, but no lives lost. Captain Franca, who it may be recollected after the revolution of September, 1836, was Inspector of the Naval Arsenal and Colonel of that battalion, and impli cated in the attempts at revolution in August last, after having saved the whole of the family of the house where he resided, by conducting them at ,the risk of his lift, along a parapet, returned to secure some papers and va luables, but unfortunately losing his equilibrium, owing to the violence of the wind and raging of the fire, fell from a height of nearly two stories, and is now lying se verely injured at the house of a relative. Three suicides, by persons moving in a respectable sphere of life, brought about by gambling, and other pecuniary embarrassments, have taken place here during the past week. The Brandywine United States frigate left on Thurs day last for her station in the Mediterranean, touching at Cadiz. Exchange upon London at 30 days' sight, 54d. per TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. milrei. SIR,--Should the following verses meet with your ap probation, the author will be obliged by your giving them a place in your columns. He has the honour to remain, Sir, your most obedient servant, A CANTHARIDIAN. A NOSTRUM FOR THE NONCE. The tincture of Tamworth, and Peel's patent pill, Are medicines Britannia must bolt and must swill ; While Morison's host is in raptures to see A Premier like him--a quack doctor can be ! Oh, here is a recipe grand—universal : " Misce argent. aurumque (to find these coerce all The Commons) est bolus (this Latin will end us) Beatus, et optimus, semper capiendus." Edinburgh, August 6, 1841. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE AND LOSS OF LIFE. CHATHAM, AUG. 7.—This melancholy event took place on Friday afternoon. The fire was discovered about five o'clock, and from the quantity of inflammable materials on the premises they were soon a heap of ruins. The building thus destroyed was an oil manufactory belong ing to Messrs. Chesson and Holding. On the premises were erected three stills for the purpose of distilling oil from ingredients known only to themselves ; and it is supposed that the bursting of one of these occasioned the accident whereby Chesson's life has been sacrificed. The place presents an awful spectacle. The body of Chesson was dug out of the burning pile about five o'clock this morning ; it presented a most awful sight, the lower extremities, legs, and thighs were completely burnt to a cinder. One arm was lost off the body. The head and chest remained whole, but burnt completely through. There were on the premises about 120 gallons of oil and 22 cwt. of resin. The unfortunate man has left a wife and three children, and the wife is near her confinement. The awful news of her husband produced 'such a shock upon her nerves that little hopes are entertained of her recovery. The property destroyed is about 2001., and not insured, beside the building, which, it is believed, is insured in the Norwich Fire-office. An inquest was held on the body on Saturday after noon at the White Horse public-house, Gillingham, before Mr. Hinde, Coroner. and a respectable Jury. Mr. Henry Holding, the partner of the deceased, sworn, said, the deceased and myself manufactured and rectified three descriptions of oils. I have frequently cautioned the deceased not to work the still by himself; as I considered it was not safe for him to do so alone, and was not aware he had done so. I heard of the accident about six o'clock in the evening of yester day. I went to the building immediately, and the place was all in a blaze. The first thing .1 did was to make inquiries for the deceased. The distil-house was down. I could not learn anything about him. I then went and examined the apparatus the deceased had been working at, and found the side of the still had been blown out, and there was a large hole at the bottom of the boiler, which caused the ingredients to ignite, which fired the building. The bursting•was owing to the still being so thin. The danger in which I knew the still to be in, it ought not to have been worked by the deceased alone, and I have repeatedly cautioned the deceased about the dangerous state of the apparatus. Our manufactory was always kept a secret. My opinion is, that the de ceased finding the place on fire must have gone into the great loft, and intended making his escape from the lower gallery. The deceased was about thirty years of age. Richard Cooper sworn, proved the finding of the body. The Jury, under the advice of the Coroner, returned a verdict " That the deceased was found burnt to death." The Foreman and some of the Jury considered it highly• necessary that the Coroner should severely repri mand the partner of the deceased for working a still of so bad a construction, which was done. 'sh of C CHURCH EXTENSION.—The pans, in Huntingdonshire, is worthy the attention of Sir Robert Inglis. Its population is upwards of 500. It has a resident clergyman. The tithes amount to about 500/. a year, received by Dr. Turton. There is not a single inhabitant who pays Poor-rates who attends the church service I It is only a few paupers who occupy the church land that attend. The parish is celebrated for the virtue of its inhabitants. The poor are well attended to, and peace and prosperity flourish. The Dissenting minister of the neighbouring parish lives in the affections of the people at Colne. Archbishops, Bishops, Dean s , Prebends, and all other ecclesiastics are useless and un necessary to the well being of this happy parish. so many peopl e a t EARTHQUAKE. —The shock of an earthquake was felt on Friday at Aber neth y , about two minutes past t thls o ti ' m cl e oc t k im i e n that there is n afternoon, o groundand by f?r deception. It was a sudden and almost in stantaneous vibrat i on. Whe theri t has been felt in other parts we have not heard.— • Echnlrurgh Chronicle. THE THEATRESA ENGLISH OPEA'A HOUSE. An exceedingly amusing farce, or rather a burletta, entitled A Lady and Gentleman to a Peculiarly Perplexing Position," was produced at this theatre last night. It is an adaptation from the French by Arr. Charles Selby, who appears to have preserved the sparkling and pointed dialogue which so eminently distinguishes all the minor entertainments produced upon the French stage. There is scarcely the shadow of a plot ; but one scene through out ; and only three characters are introduced. The lady (Mrs. Waylett), an interesting widow, whose name is not even mention e d, arr i ves at a village in France late in the evening, on a journey whiCh she has undertaken to avoid the persecution of a troublesome suitor, who admires her fortune quite as much as her person. While waiting for a carriage which she has ordered to be in readiness in a few minutes, the gentleman (Mr. Keeley), a sentimental traveller,,arrives, and engages the apartment which she is occupyin' A§ . they meet in the doorway their garments get entangled; so that their first introduction, to each other is sufficiently whimsical. While the lady is preparing to depart, Madame,Jobarde the hostess of the inn, informs her that a geOP II3 4 II is inquiring after her, and suppo s ing it to be one who had annoyed her by his attendens on the road, she expresses some regret at being in so defenceless a condition. The gentleman relieves her at once by proclaiming himself her husband, which the hostess understands literally, and after leaving them to dine together, she concludes by locking them up in the same apartment for the night. Much of the drollery of the piece arises out of the shifts and devices of the lady and gentleman to pass the night with all becoming propriety in an apartment Where there is but one bed, which they mutually agree' not to occupy. In the morning the gentleman's nephew and the lady's rejected suitor is heard at the door ; conceal ment of the occurrences of the night is impossible, and to rid the lady of a predicament so perplexing, the gen tleman makes her an offer of his heart and hand, and both are promptly accepted. Such is the meagre out line of a little piece, which was received with the most cordial applause by a very full house, and which we have no doubt will have a very long run. The parts as-; signed to Mrs. Waylett and Mr. Keeley are admi rably calculated to display their respective styles of acting to the best advantage. A Venetian can zonet, composed by Mr. Lee, called the " Gondolette," sung by Mrs. 'Waylett, - was loudly encored. And indeed, if the good humour of an audience be the best test of the success of a farce, no performance of the kind has ap peared during, the present season at the English Opera d!louse which seemed to have given so imich, pleasure as the Lady and Gentleman in a Peculiarly Perplexing Position. The other entertainments of the evening were Barnaby Rudge and the Printer's Devil, which were re-' ceived with undiminished interest. SURREY. Throughout the whole range of metroplitan managers, there are none more active or judicious in catering for the amusement of their patrons than Messrs. Davidge and Willis Jones. It was only on Friday last that we were here, as in a temple dedicated to Polyhymnia, listening with the most intense delight to the dulcet strains of Miss Homer, and when, on Monday, we enter the same building, it has undergone a harlequin like transformation. The pit is converted into a spacious arena, the place assumes the appearance which it bore "In days of auld lang syne," and the Royal Circus re sumes, for a time, its station among the lions of the metropolis. Taking a dvantage of the awful calamity which levelled Astley s Amphitheatre with the ground, the management of the Surrey have entered into an en gagement with Mr. Ducrow and his magnificent stud of horses, for a series of hippodramatic perfarmances ; and, last night, the first of the series commenced with, per haps, the most interesting spectacle ever produced, " Mazeppa." We have frequently seen this spectacle at almost every theatre (and their name is legion) at which it has been produced, and we have no hesitation in awarding the palm to the Surrey. The moving Pano rama of the course of the Dneiper was most magnifi cent, and may fearlessly challenge a comparison with anything of the sort which has been produced at any other theatre, major or minor. It was reported, at the time that the Amphitheatre was burnt down, that the celebrated horse Mazeppa had perished in the flames. We know not whether this was the case ; but if so, Mazeppa's horse at the surrey does the highest credit to the judicious training of Diterow, for he is quite as admirable in his part as his predecessor. The scenes in the circle followed, introducing the whole of the highly trained stud ; and Madame Ducrow, Signor Hillier, Mr. Stickney, and Mr. Hicken, richly merited the vociferous applause with which their exertions were rewarded. Though least in stature, yet far from least in merit, is le " Petit Ducrow.' This wonderful child made us really feel quite nervous by his extraordi nary feats of horsemanship ; and the young rogue seemed to enjoy the performance quite as much as any of the spectators. The diminutives seem in Mr. Ducrow's establishment to eclipse the great ones, for the diminutive steed, " Fire Fly," in his perform ances, distances all his larger competitors. He is the very " admirable Crichton" of horses. The theatre was literally crammed. Long before four o'clock the gallery and pit entrances were crowded by persons anxious to secure places, and judging from appearances we should say that at least as much money was sent away through absolute inability to accommodate the applicants as was taken at the door;. Never was management more suc cessful, and i ever did management more deserve it. VICTORIA. Though many years have fled since the committal of the Brownrigg atrocities, yet it is one of those infamies which the. public memory seems undesirous to forget, and which the theatrical art has tended more than all to perpetuate. Possessing in themselves excellent materials fur dramatic effect in the heartless inhumanity of the mal treater of apprentices, and the sad and revolting cruel ties put upon tender flesh and blood, the circumstances of the reality are admirably adapted for representation, and in Mary Clifford, or the Foundling Apprentice Girl, which for the first time appeared yesterday evening at this theatre, they were skilfully thrown together, and enacted, in certain points, with adroitness and tragedial skill. The simplicity of the plot makes it easy of unravel ment. Mrs. Brownrigg, at her house in Fetter-lane, Holborn, had received beneathher roof several foundling apprentices, comely and well-proportioned girls. Mrs. Brownrigg's nature, however, is so diametrically op posed to the human mood in general, that the " face divine," instead of kindling in her kindness, seems to have acted like a trodden snake in coil ing up to scourge those around her. Like the serpents in the hair of Tisiphone; she hissed herself into rages, and woe was it if her apprentices then came athwart her path. Four of these poor girls, of whom the chief is the heroine, Mary Clifford (Miss Vin cent) were day by day stung by her words and bruised by her clenched buffets and flagellations, till Mary, the youngest, mild as an angel, finds her lot insufferable. Attempts are made to escape from this abominable house of misrule, bat John Brown rigg (Mr. Seaman), the fiendish abettor of his mother's cruelties, counteracts the 'plans of escape. Then falls the heavy vengeance of Mrs. Brownrigg on the at tempters at escape, and her direst punishment falls sorely indeed upon Mary Clifford. The scene which first in troduces this suffering heroine to our notice is a desolate apartment, with a forlorn, broken skylight, through which wind and rain have unopposed ingress. Central on the stage, is discovered a figure, fair of form, but fastened with triple links to a pallet of straw, in a state of delirium, and almost exhausted. Miss Vincent was admirable in this scene : the conflict exhibited in her person between fainting nature °and trials to uphold her strength, along with her sad prayings to her torturing mistress not to strike her more, were affectingly and well developed; and Mrs. Lee made an excellent female Bellona with the Brown rigg-whip. Meanwhile, however, a side-plot has been proceeding. Next door to Brownrigg's is Deacon (Mr. Dale), a baker, and this portly master of the rolls has held sundry communications with a gabbling knave in the evil house. Deacon, too, is a sweetheart of Mary's, having been brought up with her at the Foundling, and having learnt from his loquacious companion that, by means of the above-mentioned skylight, he might Fain access to Mary, he accordingly hastes to that airy height. His voice rouses the almost inanimate sufferer; she tells him she is dying; he would leap from the roof in his strong compunction, but she bids him not; he, however, bidding her be of good heart, determines to summon jus tice to investigate this heinous case. Meanwhile it tran spires that she is no orphan ; her mother, having grown rich, now re-seeks her whom she cast away in her days of 10Nslt_lgoolinifiew were flowing poverty. Her father, too, Richard . Clifford (Mr. Paul), after sixteen years' absence at sea, re turns home, has found his wife, and, flush of love and money, they are both intent, for the completion of their happiness, to discover their lost Mary. As may be seen, all the circumstances of the drama are now drawing together. The constabulary investigators forcibly enter Brownrigg's house, while his wife and son are at Greenwich; they demand Mary Cliffbrd to be delivered up, and, when she is drawn out of a black unseemly hole, universal execration is heaped on the heartless punisher. But the strong arm of the law is abroad : Mrs. Brownrigg and her son, after various elusions, are at last gyved, and as the judge is then sitting, the trial is summarily proceeded with. An affecting scene is here adduced, and Miss Vincent again drew down most merited applauses by the true and touching pathos with which she invested her part. In white habi liments, she rests on a couch, with the pallor of death on her countenance, and only the faintest accents on her lip. Sudden delirium comes over her,—she fancies her torturer chaining and smiting her ; this beau tifully subsides into recognition of those around her, father, , mother, lover, her spirit fills with so holy a calm, that she hymns a song of happiness,—she sees an angel in white beckoning—she is so glad, so happy, to escape from the tortures and sufferings of the world, and true to the angel's beckoning she follows. Mrs. Brownrigg now only has to be dealt with ; she is cast for trial ; her cruelties stare her like Gorgons in the face ; her sentence is for death ; and Newgate receives her. We last see her in the condemned cell—the officers demand her body, as is the custom—suddenly the execu tion bell peals—the gates open—the funeral cart and her own coffin wait to carry her to the scaffold—she turns, beholds them, and expires in a throe of agony. Mrs. Lee throughout was forcible and energetic. Mr. Gardner highly amused by his comicalities, and Miss Vin cent was greatly to be praised. The piece is v it e oi r il y d • attractive, standard and so soon as, by further representations, a li g t r tl e e at of ec t ic h it e , andpresentprove rigidity n o doubtey es disappears,waere favourite.imt drama of Black-eyed Susan formed the second of the Saville appeared to great advantage in One . night's entertainments, and so exquisite a piece is this nautical drama, that; though unaided by T. P. with i ts glittering heaps of star-strewn Cooke, . r i . na ny o' Clock, or the Knight and the Wood Demon,—a sort of German operatic spectacle, with charms and spells, 'd the whole enchanting machinery of the in salamander tongues, and flaming eyes. The scenery of c C l l o o u u d d s l , a n a till cautation scenes, were very . effective. Little Leyolyn (Miss Wilton) was a charming petitesse. We must nut omit to notice Miss Edgar and Air. Chapino, the furmer a very promising and pretty danseuse. Her execution of the hornpipe, and her subsequent trappings in the imper sonation and light garmenture of Summer, showed great dexterity of limb and a pretty-pointing toe. The only thing wanted to have given the entertainments every roundness and completion, was the appearance, in any shape, of Mr. Osbalaston. LITERATURE. TOM BOWLING. 3 Vols. CoThum London, 1841. The hero of this tale is a foundling, who has been reared by a dog-fancier, shortly after whose death he enters the naval service, rises to de served distinction, marries the girl to whom he was early attached, and finally turns out to be the son of a nobleman, and, after a happy and prosperous life, dies in the command of Green wich Hospital. There is little of novelty here to excite attention; but the events of the narrative are worked up with spirit and ingenuity; and we have several animated accounts of those glo rious naval engagements in which the heroes of the last century so nobly distinguished them selves. In details such as these, Captain Chu mier—as might be anticipated—is quite at home. Indeed, in his description of a sea-fight, he is only inferior to the author of " Tom Cringle's Log"—by far the best naval novelist of his time. We suspect, however, that the taste for this sort of tale is fast declining among us. We have had so many writers in the field, and the nauti cal character in all its phases has been deline ated so often and so minutely, that any novelty the subject might once have presented, is long since exhausted. PICTORIAL SHAKSPERE. Part XXXV. Knight, London, 1841. The present Part contains the entire tragedy of Julius Cesar, embellished with numerous il lustrations, and prefaced with an appropriate No tice on the subject of the Roman costume in the days of the illustrious conqueror. Brief, perti nent notes, attached to each page, clear up what ever difficulties and obscurities occur in the text HUMILITY.—An humble man is like a good tree, the more full of fruit the branches are, the lower hey bend themselves. A turnip, grown in Maria Island, Van Die man's Land, now in the possession of a Norfolk gentle man, weighs 841b5., its girth is five feet two inches. • Some short time since an eminent special pleader went to see Macbeth performed. He sat quietly for a long time, cold and abstracted—his thoughts were far away, among the dark Courts of Chancery-lane. At length Macbeth questions the Witches in the cavern— " What is't you do ?" They reply—" A deed without a name." " A deed without a name ?" exclaimed our quibbling friend ; why, 'tis void !" YUCCA GLonwsA.—There is in the garden of Mr. J. R. Smith, surgeon, of Cirencester, a very fine specimen of this plant, with one flower stem, on which are upwards of 500 blossoms. INTERESTING TO PHRENOLOGISTS.—There is a man up town whose forehead is so high that he is obliged to go up in a garret to put his hat on. " Can't say I admire your style of acting," as the landlady of the alehouse said to the strolling player when she caught him stealing her spoons. Crossing from Kingston to Toronto, if the tou rist boat it, and be provided with good tackle, he will find marvellous sport. Lake Erie abounds with a mam moth pike, and parts of these " deep waters" present rather a novel feature in the art of trolling. The Mac kinonge fisher must be provided with an unusual quan tum of line, and he must allow his bait to sink to an ex traordinary depth before he can hope for a run or cap ture ; he must run out at least 30 or 40 yards, or per haps more ; he must then exercise his piscatorial skill in imparting that ap captandum motion which he will have found so alluring in more shallow water. The tackle must be strong, for the fish met with here weigh from 50 and 60 to 801bs., and if the hand be not steady, and the rod and line adapted to such sport, the astonished angler will be in " a very considerable pretty particular tarnation fix," as brother Jonathan says. A stout trol ling rod of the usual dimensions, with the line of strong whipcord immersed in linseed oil (only have plenty of it coiled round in your pocket) will be found indispenspble. The sport is indescribably exciting, and I should say the most satisfactory.— The Sportsman. GRATlTUDE.—Gratitude was fancifully said to be the memory of the heart ; but, alas ! for poor hu man nature, hearts are more than suspected to have wondrous short memories. A candidate in the north of England, during the election, hit upon an ingenious method of corruption. He presented the wives of several with silk flags to hang from their windows, each piece of silk being sufficiently large to make a gown ! KNOWLEDGE. —KnowIedge should be acquired gradually, and by study ; for the superficial knowledge, which is the result of the promiscuous and unregulated adoption of the discoveries of others, affects the mind, as the sudden removal of &person with weak eyes frona darkened room into - a blaze of light does the sight—it overpowers and confuseS. Some flowers absorb the rays of the sun •so strongly that, in the evening, they yield slight phosphoric flashes. May we not compare the minds of poets to these flowers, which, imbibing light, emit it again in a different form and aspect. ELECTION OF THE PEERS OF SCOTLAND. —Friday the election of the sixteen representative Peers of Scotland took place in the Picture Gallery of the Palace of Holy-rood. The following were the Peers elected : The Marquis of Tweeddale, the Earls of Morton, Elgin, Airlie, Leven and Melville, Selkirk, Orkney. and Sea field ; Viscounts Arbuthnot and Strathallan ; Lords Forbes, Saltoun, Sinclair, Colville (of Culross), Reay, and Rollo, and the Marquis of Queensberry. The only alterations were the substitution of the Earl of Seafield and Lord Rollo:for the Earl of Home and Lord Gray, who retire by their own consent. USEFUL HINTS AND RECIPES.—ADVICE TO PUitCITASERS.—Never deal at a shop that has two prices, asking in the first instance more than they mean to take. Whenever you see a shop pretending to sell " bankrupts' stocks" at great sacrifice; whenever you see a shop with goods to be sold at " immense sacrifice," pass it quietly by and go to some quiet, business-like shop, not where there is a long train of carriages waiting at the do6r,.'beeause there, if you walk in, you are not waited upon until the carriage company are all served. Also avoid making purchases at a shop where the front is very handsomely decorated and extravagantly fitted up ; if you do, you must contribute to the folly of the owner by paying in proportion for the show besides that of the actual worth of the article you buy. These shops aro frequented by those who care little for money ;. but for a man of moderate fortune they are much more plea sant to look at and admire than make purchases at. — Visit of the Parsees to England. SALMON-FISHING IN THE NORTH.— The river Ness has : lately been very productive, and has afforded' better angling and net-fishing than has been experienced for several years. The whole of our north ern streams have lately been highly successful, and the present season will form a bright one in the fisher man's calendar. About a month ago the river Shinn was producing its hundreds per day, and everywhere the take is abundant. From Aberdeen 600 boxes were shipped last week for the Thames, and about 700 from Perth and Dundee. The weekly supply from Scotland to the London market is about 1,000 boxes per week, and the Cockneys are regaling on fine salmon at 6d. and 7d. per lb. We may mention, as a remarkable fact, that as the men were drawing the net here, one day last week, below the wooden bridge, and within tide-mark, they caught a small gold fish, healthy and lively, which has been placed in its usual element of clear fresh water, in a crystal goblet, in the shop of Mr. Tuit, perfumer. — Scotsman. _ FEMALE SKELETON FOUND.—On Wednes day, the 21st ult., as a boy was gathering blaeberries near the ford betwixt Loch Loyre and Loch Benvein, in Strathglass, he found a number of bones beside a large stone: He communicated the circumstance to his father and another person, who went to the spot, and the bones were found to be those of a human body. Beside them were part of a woman's brown cloak, some pieces of blue printed cotton and 'worsted, and part of what appeared to be the straw and wire of a female's bonnet. One of the men—Alexander Macgruer— said he had passed the spot about a twelvemonth previous, and recollected that there was a strong disagreeable smell, but he did not see or search for any object. Information of the bones being found was sent to Mr. Mackay, procurator-fiscal here, and Mr. John Macbean, messenger, repaired to the spot to inves tigate the case. It appeared that no native of the dis trict had disappeared, but Mrs. Williamson, Knockfin, recollected having seen, about two years ago, an insane woman, who stopped at the door, but would not enter the house. Another person also saw the poor maniac, who was dressed in a brown cloak and a straw bonnet. There seems little doubt that the above are her remains, and that the poor unfortunate had died by the wayside. —Scotsman. GAME PRESERVES.—The extent to which the system of game-preserving is carried is almost incredi ble for not alone in the ranks of our proud and Over bearing aristocracy are game-preservers to be found, the mania extends to tradesmen, ay, to Liverpool tradesmen too, and we are bound to say that the proceedings of the latter class are often characterised by a spirit of petty vindictiveness and spleen generally unknown amongst despots of a more elevated grade. We spoke of Lord Stanley presetving lands not his own ; the same rem ar k will apply, in an equal degree. to the Earl of Sefton. The latter nobleman commences with his preserves at Croxteth, and extends it through Kirby, Simmonsivood, Aintree, Sefton, Thornton, (a township in which he scarcely owns an acre of land), Altcar, to the sea, a s pace, as the crow flies, of some twelve miles in length, and averaging two miles in width. Lord Sefton should not put the county to expense for punishing trespassers on twenty-four square miles of land. Some years Iwo his Lordship's keeper, Joseph Warner, of Altcar, was left for dead by some poachers, who were subsequently apprehended, and one or two were trenspoit.d fur the crime ; but the expenses of the prosecution were borne by the county. Within our recollecti on one o f Lord Skel mersdale's keepers in Latham, was shot dead by a poacher, who was never taken. In Anglesea, the convict Chubb now lies under sentence of death for the murder of a game r j Le oper. We repeat, then, game-preservers should dip t into their own p ockets, a nd not into those of the public, ' to pay for their whims.—Liverpool Mercury. PRICE OF WHEAT IN WALES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. send you the prices of wheat per imperial measure at the undermentioned towns : Merthyr H a y its. Od. or 965. ditto. Abergavenny - lls. Bd. or 935. 4d. ditto. Brecon lls. Od. or 88s. ditto. And yet with these exorbitant prices staring the poor in the face', foreign wheat cannot be imported under a duty of 225. Bd..per quarter, the aggregate average of the six weeks, endin July 23, being 645. 2d. per quarter ; and this average is struck; not impartially, but by excluding from the list of prices selected for determining the ave rage many great and important - districts where the population, and consequently the consumption, is very great. How long is this disgraceful infliction on the community to last ? It is a singular fact that the Tory paper, which is much patronized by the Rev. Divines of the diocese, gives no account of the market prices within the district in which it circulates. If this boiste rous weather continues, wheat will be up in this neigh bourhood four or five shillings per quarter more ; and let us reflect that although these• are the market prices, yet if.a poor man goes to the shop and wants a peck, or more, of wheat for his immediate consumption, he pays at the rate of 15 or 20 per cent. more. These are facts, and the most abominable fact of all is that the poor are thus mulcted in order to keep up the landlords' rents. Abergavenny, Aug. 7, 1841: CYMRII. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR S Allow me a corner of your valuable.paper to point out one of the many fallacies by which the advo cates of monopoly seek to delude their weaker brethren. Two gentlemen of some consideration amongst the Tories having (I suppose to neutralize the denunciations contained in the Scripture againtt the oppressors of the poor) re3)rteci to the sacred volume' for the purposes of learning political economy, have discovered the astound ing fact that Tyre owed her submission to Ilerod from her being compelled to import corn, and they tri umphantly point to this fact as an argument tbr the maintenance of the present system of Corn-laws. These learned Thebans " who have calumniated chro nology by a most preposterous anachronism," are a re negade Whig statesman and an ambitious parson.. Sir James Graham having written against the Corn-laws all his life, has now resorted to a clerical tutor for arguments in support of his new-fangled opinions, with what suc success I will leave you to judge. He quotes from the Prophets passages applicable to Tyre when " her merchants were princes," which were written about 400 8.C., as descriptive of her condition in the year of our Lord 44, when those very prophecies had been fulfilled,, when she had been " swept with the besom of destruction," and when her site was a " mere rock for fishers to dry their nets on." 'When the occurrence referred to in the Acts took place, New Tyre, which had been built near the site of the old city, was an insig nificant town, subject to Rome, under the immediate do minion of the Prmtor of Syria, and might well fear the wrath of Herod, - the Vicegerent of the Emperor of Rome. But their very argument may be turned against them. Tyre, the mart of the East, in her days of greatest prosperity imported all her own corn (Ezek. xxvii. 17) from Judah and the land of Israel; they were thy merchants ; they traded in thy market wheat of Paimay, and honey, and oil, and balm, and so did every nation of import ance in the ancient: world—Rome from Sicily and Africa, Athens from the Black Sea, Carthage from Sicily and Spain, &c., and this fact is never alluded to as a cause, even a secondary one, of their decline. A misstatement of this kind can only have arisen from ignorance, or a deliberate intention to deceive ; of the latter I would fain acquit an English clergyman and a would-be statesman ; of the former I fear, disgraceful as it is to both, they must plead guilty. If the guides of the flock aro so deficient, how benighted must be their followers ! _ _ With respect for your zeal and activity in this and every cause you advocate, believe me, your's truly, King's Bench-walk, Temple. A BARRISTER. THE SURREY' TH EA T R E.—This theatre hating been originally built for an equestrian place of exhibi tion, possesses many facilities—as spacious stables, the foundation of a ring under the pit, and a capability of enlarging the audience part to a great extent. All these aids have been skilfully rendered available by the ma chinist of the theatre, Mr. Lowe, who has constructed (in the short space of time allowed by closing the house one night), the very finest ring in the kingdom, enlarged the pit to the extent of nearly 350 seats more than be fore, converted the solid stage into an ingeniously shift ing one, with gas-lights, orchestra, and more than ten feet of the part before the proscenium, all made to re cede and give place for a perfect equestrian circle. Plat forms and moveable machinery of the most ponderous nature, and of such strength, that,wlaole bodies of cavalry are sustained by it, have been prepared, new scenery painted, new appointments completed, and the whole newly, brilliantly, and ingeniously lighted on a novel plan, in a space of time scarcely sufficient apparently for a tithe of the extraordinary preparations. Such en deavours to merit, deserve success. A PICTURE OF DESOLATION.—At six o'clock we rose upon a beautiful table of land, on which stood another gigantic church. It was the seventh we had seen that day ; and coming upon them in a region of desolation, and by mountain-paths which hunian hands had never attempted to improve, 'their colossal grandeur and costliness were startling, and gave evidence of a re trograding and expiring people, This stood in a more desolate place than any we had yet seen. The grass was green, the sod unbroken even by a mule-path ; not a human being was in sight, and even the gratings of the prison had no one looking through them. It was, in fact, a picture of a deserted village. We rode up to the cabildo ; the door of which was fastened and the shed barricaded, probably to prevent the entrance of straggling cattle. We tore away the fastenings, broke open the door, and, unloading the mules, sent Augustin on a fo raging expedition. In half an hour he returned with one egg, being all that he was able to procure ; but he had walked up the village, and the alcalde, an Indian with a silver-headed cane, and several alguazils, with long thin rods or wands of office, came down to examine us. We showed them our passport, and told them where we were going ; at which, with their characteristic in difference of manner, they expressed no surprise. They could not read the passport, but they examined the seal and returned it. We asked them for eggs, fowls, milk, &c., to all of which they answered what afterwards be came but too familiar, "No hay"—" There is none"— and in a few minutes they retired and left us to our selves.—Stephens's Travels in America. CUSTOMS OF THE COUNTRY.—The proprie ties of life are matters of conventional usage. Our host was a Don ; and when we presented our letter, he re ceived us with great dignity, in a single garment, loose, white, and very laconic, not quite reaching his knees. The dress of his wife was no less easy ; somewhat in the style of the old-fashioned short gown and petticoat, only the short gown and whatever else is usually worn under it were wanting, and their place supplied by a string of beads, with a large cross at the end. A dozen men and half-grown boys, naked except the small covering formed by rolling the trousers up and down in the man ner I have mentioned, were lounging about the house ; and women and girls, in such extremes of undress, that a string of beads seemed quite a covering for modesty. Mr. C. and I were in a rather awkward predicament for the night. The general reception-room contained three beds, made of strips of cow-hide interlaced. The Don occupied one ; he had not, much undressing to do, but what little he had he did by pulling off his shirt. An other bed was at the foot of my hammock. I was dozing, when I opened my eyes and saw a girl about seventeen sitting side Way upon it smoking a cigar. She had a piece of striped cotton cloth tied around her waist, and falling below her knees ; the rest of her dress was the same which nature bestows alike upon the belle of fashion able life and the poorest girl ; in other words, it was the same as that of the Don's wife, with the exception of the string of beads. At first, I thought it was something I had conjured np in a dream ; and, as I waked up per haps I raised my head, for she gave a few quick puffs of her cigar, drew a cotton sheet over her head and shoul ders, and laid down to sleep. I endeavoured to do the same. I called to mind the proverb, that " travelling makes strange bedfellows." I had slept pell-mell with Greeks, Turks, and Arabs. I was beginning a journey in a new country ; it was my duty to conform to the cus toms of the people, to be prepared for the worst, and to submit with resignation to whatever might befal me. l As guests, it was pleasant to feel that the f am il y made no strangers of us. The wife o f th e D on ret i red with the same ceremonies. Several times du r i ng the night we were waked by the clicking of fli n t and steel, and t saw one of our neighbours lighting a cigar. A t day light the wife of the Don was enjoying her morning good morn ing, slumber. While I was dressing she b a d e me - from her shoulders, and arose dressed for the day.---,t ephens's Travels in America. .••• THE LAND BELONGS T O THE 1.•,, ....... P were well that the landlords knew their E pr ° o P p L er E. s — oci l a t l position, and that is, that they are in la w mere ly the t e nants of the community. This is no fiction. In law the land belongs to the Queen—the whole land of the country (see Blackstone) ; and as the Qu een is nothing more than the chief servant of the nation, it follows that the whole land of the of the whole people, the country is in reality the property l violate their ten ure , it is surely full time that the na tion merely holding it in trust for the publi c g° And shouldespeei especially tio an ; accountand wofhetnheitrhesytewasaradbsohcilpy. ‘. monopoly yis present, this necessary when we find the landlordscombinin g as atto uphold a in legislation as well as in . land, and using their power and influence as means of coercing and oppressing thelndustrious classes of the community. It !natters not whether the property now held by the land lord class was obtained justly or u njustly—whether William, the Norman brigand, obtained a genuine right to the soil by virtue of " conquering" the people who then lived upon it, o r whether Henry VIII., the " De fender of th e Faith," who robbed the Church of its pos sessions, was justified in parcelling them among his minions, pimps, panderers, and hirelings ;—the question now is, should the community renounce their natural and indefeasible right to live upon their own soil, and to possess and enjoy the fruits of their own skill, industry, and labour ?—Leeds Times. Last week, at the Chippenham ploughing match dinner, Mr. Little said he was glad to see that bigotry and prejudice were fast giving way, and that three-horse ploughs were becoming more rare every year. The Society had been established five years, and he had never yet seen a three-horse plough win a prize ; as it was necessary- that farming operations should be carried on in the least expensive and most effective man ner, it was clear that the third horse was a waste of la bour. Mr. Little also said he had attended the meeting of the Royal Agricultural Society at Liverpool, and could assure the company that if the worst ploughing at Chippenham had not been better than the best ploughinc.- . there, the judges would not have felt themselves justifies in awarding the prize.—Southampton raper. MORNING SUN. • EARTHQUAKES IN GREAT BRI. TAIN AND THE BRITISH ISLANDS. Although earthquakes and their attendant and awful phenomena are happily of rare occurrence in ourcountry, ' slight shocks or tremblemens de terra have been' moue ire- A quent in the British Islands within the last fifty or sixty years, than we supposed until we perused an article on the subject in " Jameson's Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal" (April to July, 1841.) The title of the paper is as follows :—" Notices of Earthquake shocks felt in Great Britain, and especially in Scotland, with inferences suggested by those notices as to the causes of such shocks by David Milne, Esq., F.R.S.E., M.W.S., F.G.S., &c." The chronological table of Mr. Milne enumerates the various shocks of earthquakes felt in Great Britain from the year 1608 to October, 1839, and it is particularly in teresting on account of the coincidences which it exhi bits between the subterraneous convulsions in our own islands, and similar, but more formidable phenomena in other and distant countries. Such coincidences have often been noticed, and it has been supposed by some writers that there are subterranean communications con necting all the countries of the earth. When the dread ful earthquake took place at Lisbon on the fatal Ist of November, 1755, the workmen in the Derbyshire mines were much alarmed. " The rocks that surrounded them were so much disturbed that soil, &c., fell from the joints or fissures, and they likewise heard violent explosions, as it were of cannon." It is also an extraordinary fact that the shock of an earthquake 'experienced in the West India islands on the 23d September was sensibly felt at the same time at Algiers, which is, perhaps, the most striking coincidence of the kind ever known. On examining the elaborate enumeration of slight or greater shocks of earthquake which have been witnessed in the British islands during the term already specified, the extraordinary frequency of the phenomenon at Comrie, in Perthshire, in Scotland, must excite the sur prise of the most superficial observer. Comrie is a Highland parish, remarkable for its beautiful and ro mantic scenery. "It is thirteen miles in length by about nine in breadth, comprj,sing several glens at the head of Strathearn ; Loch Earn,a fine expanse of water eight miles long, bounded by lofty hills, and its banks fringed with valuable wood ; and Ben Voirloch, a mountain rising to the height of 3,200 feet above the level of the sea." It appears that this spot has been visited with between seventy and eighty light or ruder shocks of earthquake, from the year 1783 to 1828, an extraordinary, and. in Great Britain, an unprecedented circumstance, which merits the particular attention of geologists and scienti fic men. In aonclusiort, we subjnin a few desultory paragraphs from Mr. Milne's tables : " 1608, Nov. B.—People of Aberdeen, about 9. P.M., dreadfully alarmed by an earthquake, on account of which a day of fasting and humiliation was appointed by the magistrates and clergy. The particular sin, on account of which the scourge was thought to have been sent, was salmon fishing on Sunday, and accordingly the proprietors of salmon fishings were called before the Session and rebuked. ' .Soine (says the Session record) promist absolutely to forbear, both by himself and their servands, in time coming ; others promist to forbear upon condition subcreyvant, and some plainlie refusit any way to forbear."' . _ 1750, April 2.—Liverpool, at 10, p.m. ; Chester, Downing, near liolywell, in Flintshire, at half-past 10, p.m. It reached Wrexham to the south, and Lancaster to the north—in all, seventy miles. From Flintshire to Stockport and Altriugham. The earthquake extended over a district forty miles N. and S., and ninety miles E. and W. Direction said to be N.W. to S.E. A per son went into the open air during the shock, and saw multitudes of blood-red rays converging from all parts of the heavens to one dark point, but saw no luminous body. The phenomenon disappeared in fifteen minutes. (Gent's May.) A person at Liverpool who felt it, says, `I was in a sitting posture, and the motion I felt was like that of a vessel fulling from the .top of a wave, and rising again upon the next.' "* " 1755. Oct. 20.—At Scallaway, in Zetland, th e s ky being very hazy, as is usual before thunder and light ning, there fell a black dust over all the country, though in greater quantities in some places than in others. It was very much like lamp black, but smelled strongly of sulphur. People in the fields had their faces, hands, and linen blackened by it. The same phenomenon was observad in Orkney, where it received the appellation of ' black snow :' i and on the 23d of the same month, a shower of dust fell ou a ship twenty-five leagues from Shetland." " 1755, Nov. I.—At Madeira, at half-past 9, n.m., there were three shocks (With a few minutes between_ each), felt at Lisboit at 35 minutes past 9, a.m. The sea rose on the coast theke from 40 to 50 feet perpen dicular, in three successive waves. The sea retired first." " Same day, geese swimming in a pond gave alaron before the water was observel to be agitated." " Same day, at Tangiers and Morocco, the earth opened and swallowed up 8,000 persons. At Cadiz a wave, about sixty feet high, dashed on shore about 11 a.m., and that was followed by three others. At Swan sea a wave came a mile and a half up the river ; at 45 minutes past six p.m., after two hours ebb, with a great noise, fell back suddenly." " 1761, March 31.—At Dublin, at six o'clock near dead low water, the tide suddenly rose about two feet, and then retired. This was repeated several times:" " 1789, Dec. 30.—The same day with the earthquake at Bergo di: San Sepulchro, in Italy, three distinct shock s of earthquake were felt at the house of Parson's-green, on the north side of Arthur's Seat, Edinburgh." Mr. Egerton Smith, when a child, has often heard his father mention the sensation he experienced at feel ing. the slight shock here noticed.. . The following paragraph, originally from the French scientific publications, may be very appropriately intro duced on the present occasion : EAnTnQuAxEs.--Accorcling to a research made for thirteen centuries—namely, from the third to the six teenth—by Perrey, and presented to the French Aca demy of Sciences, it appears that they have been in diffe rent months, as in the following table:— January 21. April 14. July 9. October -.17. Februaryl2. May 12. August l4. November 10. March 10. June 13. September 15. December 9 8. Thus the months of January and December have been. the most fruitful in earthquakes, and July the least. Winter has produced 43, spring 39, summer 31, and autumn 55 ; also, the six months from October to March have given 112, and from April to September 79. Subsequently to the year 1839, we understand that numerous slight shocks of earthquake have been expe rienced at Comrie.—Liverpool Mercury. LESSONS IN YUNMANSHIP.---Mr. T. Hood, professor of punmanship, begs to acquaint the dull and witless that he has established a class for the acquire ment of an elegant and ready style of punning, on the pure Joe-Millerian principle. The very worst hands are improved in six short and mirthful lessons. As a speci men of his capability, he begs to subjoin two conun drums by Colonel Sibthorpe 11; r 4, COPY. " The following is a specimen of my punning before taking six lessons of Mr. T. Hood :—Q. Why is a fresh plucked carnation like a certain cold with which children are affected ?—A. Becaush its a new pink off (an hoop ing-cough.)" - I. ‘ This is a specimen of my punning after taking six lessons of Mr. T. Hood : Q. Why is the difference be tween pardoning and thinking no more of an injury the same as that between a selfish and a generous man ?—A. Because the one is for-getting, and the other for-giving." N.B. Gentlemen who live by their Atits, and diners out in particular, will find Mr. T. Hood's system of in calculable service. Mr. H. has just completed a large assortment of jokes, which will be• suitable for all occurences of the table, whether dinner or tea. He has also a few second-hand bon mots, which he can offer a bargain. * * A GOOD LAUGHER WANTEto. —London Charivari. FREAK ov NATURE.---A person in Perth, who keeps collections of canaries, about a month ago had one hatched, with only one wing and one leg. It was not supposed at first that the creature would survive, or, if it did, that it would not be able to hop through Hours' Bill. The place, and a pat?kthe cage to supply it s wants, an d t h at i t w ould require to the be fed so lo ng as it li ved. But so f ar f ro m this beingi s in every respect as li ve ly and as thrivi case, it is as ac ti ve as i ts mor e perfect mates, g . P ates'and erthskire Courier. THE TEN HOURS' SCHEME.—On M onday evening last Lord Ashley met a p a rty at the Crown Inn, Deansgate to unfold his views respecting a Ten , e d meeting, had been pre paredLordsh o f London, formerly of this by . Mr. 'Turner, Lordsh ip's forerunner in his peregrination county, his districts. ip Several of the company openly evinced their through dissentthese from his Lordship's views, which appeared to ...a a h 1 for restriction, and none for freedom of trade. Mr. Joh n 3. ! D hert of Manchester, accompanied _ b him, seconded by Mr. his Lordship, and on a motion T urne r, a vote of thanks was given to his Lord ship for the interest displayed by him in the question of a Ten Hours' Bill. It is something curious , that in a meeting of nearly 100 persons, there could be none found to move t h e vote of thanks excepting his Lordship's satellites.-- Bolton Press. TIIE WEATHER.—We have had another fickle week ; the hay harvest is now nearly done throughout the county ; it has been protracted and expensive, aad doubt lea.; a large quantity is much injured ; good hay will next year be of high value. The temperature has been rather warmer this week than last, which is very favourable to the hops—we have very good accounts of them, although in some yards the winds have done damage. The wheat s have in many places been much beaten down by the rains ; on Tuesday last, in the latter half of the day, the rain came down in torrents ; the river Wye was at that time lower than it has been throughout the summer ; on Wednesday morning it rose very rapidly, and while it ' was a few miles below the city bridge quietly pursuing its meandering course, a few miles above the bridge it was swelling fast, and laving the banks in a most fretfu mood. Reaping will commence next week in many of the forward parts of the county.—Hereford Times. Mrs. Catherine Ferguson, relict of the late iiev. Leslie Moodie, D.D., minister of Inveresk, died at Kil kerran, on the 27th ult. Mrs. Moodie was the aunt of the present Sir Charles Ferguson. A series of remark able coincidences have been noted regarding the death of the venerable lady. She was born at Kilkerran, in the very room where she died ; and her husband died on the 27th July, 1840, being the very day of the year on which his widow departed this life.—Scotsman. The Great Liverpool, Captain Engledue, left our harbour on Sunday morning for Gibraltar, Malta, and Alexandria. She had fifteen passengers and a valuable cargo. Moorings are to be laid down immedi ately for the Oriental, and will be ready for her on her next arrival.—Hampshire Guardian. Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Hall have been on v. visit for the last few days at the residence of Roger Hall, Esq., of Narrow -water. They have proceeded. thence to the seat of Colonel Blacker, county Armagh ; and they may be expected in Belfast in the courtse of the week.—Belfast Arews.