The Sun. — London, England, 1841-12-27 00:00:00

MORNING SUN At 1 it out lo ts, duals !Id at sgOW two the rich corn a he unti, u ced crop r at Loos, The are at of lave the leSe g er kilt 1 , - (I. ite PHRENOLOGICAL SOCIETY. At the first meeting for the present session, Dr. 2 1liotson, the President, announced that the meetings would be held on the first and third Monday of ever' month, and that on the second Monday of every month a lecture would be delivered to the members and to such of the public as might apply to the Secreta#y for a ticket. A east was presented to the Society by Mr. Prideaux of Southampton, exhibiting a large depression, obvious toevery one, at the spot in which Gall declared the organ for judging of colour to exist. The gentleman from whom the cast was taken affords a striking con firmation of Gall's discovery, for, though possessed of good eyes, and having no defect of vision, he has never been able to distinguish between dark green and dark red, calls crimson velvet a sort of blue, and upon being desired to name some surrounding object of the same , Colour as a cake of yellow ochre, he named the grass *•' outside the window. When signal officer on board, he . • talks sorely puzzled at first, and learned gradually to distinguish the flags by the relative positions of the light And dark parts. Yet he can distinguish the most minute differences of deeper or fainter shade far better than hill wife. Thus, bright scarlet is almost the only colour he can recognise with certainty ; and he calls it "the colour of a soldier's jacket." Bright yellow he generally names correctly ; but sometimes he mistakes it for light green. All other colours he is constantly mistaking. When together, he can only distinguish a slight difference among them, but cannot name any one of them apart. Dr. Elliotson Mentioned, that in the majority of the cases in medical records, the deficiency respected one ray only, and that ray is the red. This was not known to Gall.nor was the fact known to him that the defect (which is often hereditary, and occurs in more than one of the same family) prevails far more frequently in the male h ex. The brothers of the gentleman in question have • the same defect ia a slight degree. But his sisters are fre e from it. A singular cast, also presented by Mr. Prideaux, was next exhibited, in which the forehead was narrow and retreating, and indeed the head narrow throughout. But the superior part of the head was of great height, especially the back part of the superior regions. - NO ' further information had yet been obtained, than that the boy, from whom the cast was taken, is excessively Obstinate, and will be guided by none except his mother. While the cast was being taken, he kicked violently alt Who came near him. At the second meeting of this session, Dr. Elliotson delivered a lecture upon the functions of the nervous ',ste m at large, and the brain in particular. At the third meeting a paper upon temperaments, by Mr. Prideaux, was read. The author pointed out. as Dr. Elliotson had done in his " Human Physiology," the impropriety of Dr. Thompson's calling the relative development of the head, chest, and abdomen, in differ ent individuals "temperaments," and considered that the best division of the temperaments was into the san guine, bilious, and lymphatic, rejecting the nervous, which has lately been introduced. To firmness of tex ture he attributes capacity for rapid action ; to firmness of texture and absolute size of organs, he attributes power ; to firmness of texture and relative size, the re lative energy and tendency to frequent action. TREASURY SCREW.—We understand that, according to a recent order of the Treasury, the revenue r emittances to the receivers-general of the different rblic departments from the outports, and from the col ectors of excise, and stamps, and taxes, shall be made every ten days, instead of the much longer period before allowed. We understand, also, that this new arrange talent has given great dissatisfaction to the country ,olcers, in whose hands the amount collected has hitherto been allowed to rest to their own profit, and in d iminution of the means of the Government to meet the e xigencies of the public service. The shorter the time w 4 lowed for these remittances, the less necessity exists for the issue of what are denominated in the Bank Parlour " deficiency bills," which are, we believe, Ex- Chequer bills issued to the Bank in order to meet any te mporary deficiency of the revenue, and are recalled according as the remittances to the different receivers general arrive. The country bankers generally are very much annoyed at this new arrangement, as the only ad pntage they can derive is from keeping the remittances t hey as long a time as possible in their own bands, and 'ey have made great endeavours to obtain the extension of the period to fourteen days.—Observer. SMUGGLING OF SUGAR.—Attention has for !long time been drawn to the fact of the importation into S outhampton, from Jersey, of large quantities of foreign sugar as a manufactured article. It is formed into large cakes, as manufactured, for the purpose of fraudulently L atroducing it into this country. It is often seized at e Custom-house, because it is unmixed with any other TgTedient. The quantities of foreign sugar thus frau dulently,,, imported are small compared with the quantity of sugar consumed in the United Kingdom ; but the .Pi'actice has increased of late, and gives an unfair ad .t Ihntage over the regular trader. But this is not the only ractice connected with Jersey which excites attention. • ~,_The whole of the laws and customs of that i s l an d mus t ~7tniirito revision. The inhabitants of J erse y i m p or t i nto "Ais country foreign wheat and chicory as th e produce of own • island, and the laws which are enacted to k ii ll4 Sh the parties who are guilty of ma ki ng f a l se decla tip"lls in Jersey are defied, because the Jersey Legisla e Ass em bly w ilf u ll y neg l ect to a ll ow such laws to re ewe the Roy a l assen t. Th e cr i m i na l courts of Jersey 1) 7 0 transport their convicted felons to Southampton to let loose upon Great Britai n — an d th e J ersey l aws o f de btor and creditor are so iniquitous that a creditor in th is country' has no chance of recovering his due from a J ersey debtor. THE DEATH OF THE EARL OF EGMONT.— tThe Right Hon. Henry Frederick James, fifth Earl of Mont, Viscount Perceval (in Ireland), and fourth itrou Lovell and Rolland (in England), took place on athe 23d instant, at his Lordship's residence in Wigmore threet• The deceased Peer was great grandson to John, e second E ar l o f Egmont (first Lord of the Admiralty, w,tho Ministry which succeeded Lord Bute's, in 1763), ,;14k m) was fath er , by a secon d marr i age , t o th e l a t e L or d , and the Right Hon. Spencer Perceval. The late *;441,411 le in his 47th year, and, dying unmarried, his es have devolved upon his cousin, the Right lion. s `urgo James Lord Arden, captain in the navy, who 1„„ E xmouth with di s ti ngu i s h e d gallantry under the late Lord -111 04th at the siege of Algiers ; and, before succeed . to his peerage, represented the western divisfon of county of Surrey, in the late Parliament. George -,.1 4 141 , 1 e5, the present and sixth Earl of Egmont, was born 0' 7 94, and married in 1819 Jane, eldest daughter of e late J o h n H orn b y, E sq., o f H oo k , near S out h am pt on , 41 ' Countess of Egmont. His surviving brothers are C non. and Rev. Charles George Perceval, rec'or of alv erton, and the Hon. and Rev. Arthur Perceval, one of he r Majesty's chaplains. TIVERTON MARKET, DEC. 21.—ConN.- 4it tleat, Gs 6d to 8s per bushel ; Barley, 3s 6d to 4s 3d ; Oats, is 5d to 2s 8d ditto.—slipply good, demand PANNlER.—Turkeys, 5s to lOs 6d and 12s each ; toy, 3s 6d to Cs ditto ; Ducks, 3s 9d to 5s 6d per li tu re ; Fowls, 2s 6d to 4s ditto ; Eggs, Is per dozen ; w a te r, Ild to 12d per pound ; Potatoes same as last ; there was a very superior lot of poultry in our rket to-day with very - rapid sale at excellent prices. th, 4-31 1 1 LEs.—Beef, 6d to Ed per pound ; Mutton, 6d to 7d it: 4 9 >. Veal 6d to 8d ditto ; _Pork, 6d to 6id. ditto ; Dry ;Irme ot , 8d ditto.— Wes tern Taws. ..-3Z-ARsIiALsEA PRlsoN.—The Earl of Liver „`lii;; 1) 4 Lord Steward of her Majesty's Household, hay benevolently forwarded to J. Rutland, Esq., the De , k - „Y_,.'-tarshal, a very liberal Christmas donation, for the • l itt m t _el:lt of the debtors, the Noble Earl's bounty was don Christmas-eve, to each inmate, in a plentiful e'Y of beef, bread, porter, and coals. with ls. 6d. in 4.4 _milies. His Lordshi p ' s mun ifi cence was most grate f u ll y the. far eu, arid thankfully enjoyed by th e d e bt o r s a nd i 'jr MONEY MOSES.—This notorious e ace, who, it will be recollected, was concerned in the rld dust robbery, and was sentenced to transportation, ed at 1 . -tobart Town in the month of June last. His t -. 1 1 1 1n "Y mourned according to the most approved form of • eJ .wish religion. His wife and two daughters were tq . t',,e colony at the time of " Money's" arrival. He was 4ced on the public works, and became a turnkey. His bath is attributed to a white swelling on his knee, which a, --- . - =odered amputation necessary, under which he sunk. ~, DISTRESS AT STOCKPORT.—At a public t he held at Stockport on Wednesday last to relieve ( . 1 4 k o distreSs, the Rev. Mr. Waddington handed to the • f ac - l i eman 500/, which he had received from the Maim. ' th., -uter4 ' .Committee,London. The Mayor commenced ~4---,,- subscription with 501. James Heald, Esq., gave 501., V' and the ArissH ealds, 50/. Thomas Walmesley, Esq., •.;1 ' 4ll . > Cephas . Howard, Esq., 50/. ; Rev. C. K. K. Pres a;s' tt, rector, 501.; James Marshall and Sons, 10 . 01.; H. v 4 t ' PPock, Esq town clerk, 501. ; Messrs. Carringtons, 44 ...-Manufacturers, 501. ; Robert Gee, Esq., .501.; Jona -11113r•ItOlobinson, Esq., 501.; Joseph Marsland, Esq., 251.; tlti. v 1 ltr ' Edward Howell, 25/.; James Leech, io I,ol4Ssit. Kidds, 251.; E. D. Devenport, Esq., of Capes- Esq., 25/.; 11 j44 1 ?" 11 . , 101.; Mr. C. Poppleton, 10/.; and the Rev. Mr. ' 44 446 ?I'llton, 31. A Central Committee was appointed, con t4.tylv:l44 of about fifty gentlemen, of whom about twenty p a 7re clergymen and ministers. -ilq i ... INIQUITOUS CHURCH-RATE.—Three persons ,ecently met in the vestry of Stanley Church for the pur :'ityise a leying a Church-rate, in addition to the one now th t empting to be collected, for the Wakefield district, 'Os Making a double dose for the poor Stanley-cum ; reuthorp rate-payers. The three individuals present, th ' e re the Churchwardens and the Parson ; and these i r ec officials had the audacity and cold-heartedness to : 1 11 11 ° 4 e . a rate on their starving neighbours, many of b unl are now existing for days together on othing ti t common Swede turnips. We know instances o f "Ille families who have been fed and life sustained by nothing but this beasts' food. Shame upon the men who t 'ills attempt to wring money from these poor wretches, and°po the overfed and overgrown State Church ; thanwho threaten all who do not, on a certain day, by tr ,, elll appointed, pay this iniquitous demand with the 1 -1.13 rs of the Church ecclesiastic. Is there none in this itt•ge district to protect the poor from such a disgraceful Inposition.—Leeds Times. ii O T HE FAMILY OF SIR WALTER SCOTT.— r, v vain are often our most cherished hopes and ambi t...," Sir Walter Scott expected and toiled to found a 1 411111 Y which he would rival of those of the °order chiefs in the olden times. Itseems now certain that the direct succession will not continue beyond the resent generation. His eldest son has no family, the . , e ti has died in a foreign country without issue, and 1 _ bockhis daughters are dead. Misfortune and death have Walter the crest of Abbotsford, and the halls which Sir !,s"Vter took such pride in rearing will scarcely ever Mbe trod by one of his children, The only suryiyor 4/ nOW in India. LITERATURE. NOTES OF A HALF-PAY IN SEARCH OF HEALTH. 2 t' - oh. Madden, London. 1841. The author of these volumes, though he shows himself to be a bustling traveller, having watt dered through Circassia and Crimea, and made • his way :iito the interior of Russia, yet adds little to our stock of available knowledge of these countries, for Spencer, Bell, Longworth, Raikes, and a hest of other travellers who have recently produced works on the subject, have exhausted nearly all that could be said respecting the do mestic habits and military tactics of the 'high spirited Circassian tribes, the manners of the Crimean chiefs and peasantry, and the social peculiarities exhibited at Moscow and St. Peters burgh. The utmost that can be said in praise of these volumes, is that they are neither heavy nor prolix, but read off lightly and pleasantly enough, though they contain scarcely one single fact likely to impret , s itself on the reader's re collection. Perhaps the most useful portion of them is that wherein the author describes the character and hardships of the Russian army, though even on this subject we have been already supplied with copious information, in a work on Russia, that was noticed at length some months ago in The Sun. Alltravellers, whether friendly or otherwise to the military system pursued with such undeviating strictness by Nicholas, seem to be agreed on the fact that nothing can surpass the oppression and uniform discomfort to which the Russian soldier's life is subjected. His pay is but three-quarters of a farthing per diem, out of which he is actually obliged to buy his own blacking, and candle with which to grease his moustachios! When employed on public works, he is supposed to receive about threepence halfpenny; but he gets very little of this ; and even after he is superannuated, he re ceives no pension on discharge. His food is of the coarsest and cheapest kind, usually peas, salt cucumber, water-melons, buck-wheat, rape oil, and black bread. Discipline is kept up by extreme measures, and the cane is used at plea sure. " I once saw a captain," says our author, " inspecting his guard near the quarantine at Odessa, strike one of his men a blow on the face with his fist, and seizing him by both his ears, shake him until lie pulled him out of the ranks; the man's cap then fell off; and the officer ordering a corporal to pick it up, jammed it down on his head with another blow. The whole system is carried on in the same tyrannical and overbearing manner. The Russian soldier meets with very little kindness or consideration to soften the misery of being imperatively driven into the service." One cannot wonder, after reading an account like this, that the ranks of the army are considered by every Russian, high or low, as the Vltima Thule—the ne plus ultra of hardships and degradation. Of Russian hos pitality, of which we have lately heard so much, we are told that the accounts are . greatly ex aggerated. The generality of the InKher classes are not hospitable in the real sense of the word; but show attention to strangers, more with a view to their own amusement, or to show off their own importance by patronizing them, than from any kind feeling. We close our notice by the author's remarks on this subject : Shortly after my arrival at Odessa, a large public din ner was given in honour of the marriage of the Grand Duchess Marie. I mentioned to a Russian acquaintance that I intended going, when he told me, that in compli ment to the occasion. I ought to appear in uniform ; I did so, but though the military governor, Count T., ten general officers, and a numerous staff, were present, I found that, neither from motives of ordinary civility to a stranger nor any " esprit de corps," as military men, did they show me any more courtesy than if I had been lost amongst the crowd in plain clothes ; on the contrary, I was left to find a place for myself at a side table ; this was the more surprising, as I was known to the Count, who, on entering the room, had condescended to sto? as he passed to ask me for the English receipt for making ginger beer!!! Such incidents come in amusing con trast with the descriptions I had received from my Rus sian friends in Italy of the urbanity and hospitality of their countrymen towards foreigners, and their partiality for the English. A letter of introduction, as in any other country, will procure the stranger a dinner, and, as there are no inns in the steppe, a bed also, if he has an invitation to any house on the track ; but it is quite a mistake to suppose that Russian hospitality exceeds that of any other nation„ or that it proceeds from the same motives. A lion will always find keepers ; but if the traveller be an unpre tending individual, he will not only be unnoticed, but, from the want of protection, be subject to frequent an noyances, in the public offices more particularly. The acquaintance, therefore, of some person holding a high official station is absolutely necessary to ensure it, for it is certain to be required in a few months', perhaps even a few weeks', residence. Hospitality, so called, is exercised according to the eclat which it produces. General L. N. is a striking ex ample of this fact, and, from the contradictory points in his character, is by no means a singular specimen of a Russian noble. Though immensely rich, he sees no one at his table, and will go the round of all the tailors in the town to cheapen a waistcoat ; but when the whim takes him his conduct is, marked by unbounded prodi gality. A company of French players came to Odessa under the management of an " ancienne amie "' of the General's ; the whole corps were entertained during their fortnight's quarantine at his expense ; a band serenaded them every evening, and his carriages were sent to the Lazaret to convey them to their hotel at the expiration of their imprisonment. This freak could not have cost him less than twenty thousand roubles. His speculations, for they must gamble in some way or other, are nume rous, and wholly devoid of common sense ; one day he buys a schooner of thirty tons, fir built, an d a most wretched craft ; he is then a merchant, and has a ship "it est dans le commerce." A few months a f ter h e h as some excellent scheme for exporting hareskins, or rags ; then comes a sugar refinery, or a factory for stePirine can dies or cloth. He has racers that never win, wears ear rings, and keeps a mesmerizer, who mmriably attends the General when he is , bilious. This If:cedston e wa s once a non-commissioned officer in the Pied : inontese army , but finding it safer and more profitabl to kill by magnetism , than the sword, he has taken to this profession, an d be tween his patron and his.aur:,,, p icks up a goo d i ncome . The lady was, in early the mistress o f Al exan d er , and had great persor."4l attraction s ; s h e i s now f at an d a devotee. TUE COMIC ALMAN ACK. Tilt and Bogue, London, 1842. This Almanack, in its humourous embellish ments, is the ite plus ultra of grotesque extrava gance. Throughout, George Cruikshank shows that his powers of comic illustration are unim paired ; and—to use the language of Peter Pas toral—that he i 3 still "as fresh as a daisy." The work appears just at the right season, when all grave, harsh thoughts of business are for awhile laid aside, and people are hungering- and thirst ing for opportunities of laughter. To enter into any minute, serious notice of the " Comic Alma nack" is absurd, for who can criticize a broad grin ? Enough to state that those who have a taste for the facetious, will hers be gratified to their heart's content. We will just briefly hint at a few of the leading embellishments, and then leave the work to make its own way with the public. " Over-head and Under-ffiot" represents a party of Bacchanals who are making an awful noise over their cups, infinitely to the disgust of a lean, pensive scholar, o f a meditative nd poetical a turn of phiz, who is end.eavouring to pursue his solitary studies, in the room immedi ately beneath. . What an air of sullen resigna tion appears in the countenance of the helpless scholar ! He sees that remonstrance is unavail ing, so resigns himself to inexorable circum stances; though, in the true spirit of an indig nant Briton, he condemns the eyes of his drunken disturbers to perdition, as is very plainly evi denced in his countenance. " Ringing a Belle" shows a marriage party, standing at the altar, the two leading members of which are about to be converted, by the mysterious inter position of the parson, into one flesh. Tht bride is crying, of course—for all English brides make a point of crying, God knows why or wherefore !--and the countenance of the officiating priest is lit up, as is natural, by a lively anticipation of his fee. As for the bride groom, he looks the fac simile of an ass, and stands bolt upright in his new tights, just as if he bad swallowed a ramrod, which had not yet di gested. The scene is replete with sterling comic humour. In the plate entitled " Valour and Discretion" we see a squadron of those brave and chivalrous warriors, the city train-hands,_ march ing forth to battle against an enemy, who, how ever, making his appearance somewhat unex pectedly, the valorous Cits run off the field with marvellous rapidity, as if they were so many a flying from the hot purs u it o f S atan. lawyers eare several other embellishments, but those which we have noticed are the cleverer . , , arid are accompanied by lively literary nations. SCOTTISH ROE-DEER IN WINDSOR GREAT PARK.-It has been for some time past the desire of his Royal Highness Prince Albert to attempt to propagate the breed of this description of deer in the Great Park at Windsor. This wish on the part of the Prince having been communicated to the Marquis of BreadalbanN his Lordship immediately ordered Mr. Guthrie, the head keeper upon his estates in Scotland, to secure a sufficient number of roe-deer for his Royal Highness. Accordingly several of the deer were secured when very young, and, with great difficulty, brought up tamely by hand by the Noble Marquis's keeper ; and a few day s since six males arid four females arrived at Windsor by railway from London, where they were landed from the Dundee si;eamer. After they had been exhibited to her Majesty and the Prince in the Quadrangle, they were conveyed to Sandpit-gate, i n t h e Great Park, a portion of which had been fenced off expressly for them, and left in the care of Mr. Cole, the head keeper. In about April or May next they will be entirely set at liberty, to roam where they please; and it will then be seen if the breed can be pro mated in the south of England. • OBSERVATIONS OF THE TIMES ON THE MANCHESTER CONFERENCE-CHARTIST PLAN FOR BUYING WASTE LAND. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sits,--I proceed with the account in the Times of the Conference at Manchester. " The jobbers who make distress their staple."— Times, Dec. 20, 1841. But what are they to the jobbers who make the distress that they may live on it ?—who keep their coach-horses on the blood of the people, and dress up their wives arid daughters on a na- An's bread ? The fault of Messrs. Brotherton, Thornely, and Cobden, who arc spoken of as if they were individually something not to be set by the side of a robber of the soil, is that they have not bought their places in Parliament with money picked from the people's pockets by the fraudulent rise of rents. Rob Roy in his cups, spoke so of Glasgow " websters." " One would imagine that nobody but the members of a certain high aristocracy could be landowners in England— that nobody but yeomen born could farm the soil. If; in the long run, the profits of the farmer or of the land owner paid a better interest for capital than the profits of the trader or the manufacturer, does anybody be lieve that capital would not flow toward the land until the level was restored ?"—/b. A mere money fraud, which every banker's clerk ought to be able to expose. The dishonest gains are all to be paid for in the price charged; hence no rush cart take place towards suck bar gains. If the landowners were to pass a law that all Consols now in their hands should be paid 30 per cent. interest instead of 31, this would cause no rush to the purchase of such stock from them; and for the simple reason, that it would all be charged for in the price. If landlords (as is urged somewhere else) can only get 3 per cent. on the price of land, this proves, not that the landlords may not have raised the value of their land by robbery a hundred-fold, but only that the profits of other people, and the use to be had for money in general, are reduced by the conse quences of the landlords' robbery, till men are glad to lodge their money where it will pay them 3 per cent. Never forget, that we have a Government whose continuance in office is pitted upon esta blishing monstrosities like this. " But if the trader and the manufacturer, calculating that in the long run their profits will remunerate them for their risks and losses, choose to continue their own business year after year —ay, and to increase the scale of it by fresh building and machinery—let them nut, after a series of lucrative seasons which have filled their pockets, complain of the balance of aff4irs, and try to throw all the loss upon others who have never specu lated for any of the profit."—lb. See how we will retort all this, when the time comes that the agricultural interest are begging for a merciful release from the bounty on foreign corn. Why should not they stop their cultiva tion at the point which is for our interest? he member again, that we have a Government dc pendent on establishing the principle of this. " A monopoly is an exclusive right of sale ; which no class possesses."—lb. A money fraud again. A monopoly which can only be partaken of by purchase from a class at their own price, is a monopoly to that class. " What the agricultural class does possess is a protec tion for the commodity it produces, and the manufac turing classes have a corresponding protection."—M. The manufacturing classes know, that when an article is bought at a higher price than needed, On the pretext of protection, there is a national loss in the aggregate equal to the difference of price. And they know that two blacks do not make a white—still less two losses a gain. They know, therefore, that a Government which should pretend to set off loss against loss, and call it compensation, would be fit only for a den of thieves. " There is a strange want of sequence in the proceed ings of these League conventions. When a number of powerful masters have met together to confer upon the disastrous state of their district, and have called in their reverend' coadjutors to back their announcements of distress, one is prepared to expect among so many rich gentlemen, that the charity sermon will be followed by a collection on the spot. But he who expects that con clusion from those premises is destined to a sad disap pointment. There is no plate at the door."—Tiines, 21 Dec., 1841, Hold the plate at your own door, thieves. Make what you can out of the petticoats you give away at Christmas? while you rob all the rest of the year; but do not insult us with a demand to keep your victims. The man who gives a shilling in the way of public charity on landlord invitation, unless it be in some of the modes which have been invented for impressing on the receiver that the landlords' robbery is paid by others in his stead, is a dupe and a simpleton. Seriously, let us look into this pretence of charity. Fancy ourselves part of the victims in the Turkish frigate, where the captain went to sea with a third of a stock of water, and then sold it to his prisoners. Then fancy a Turk, in flow ing robes and with the best of perfumed tobacco in his pipe, proposing to help the evil by a scheme of charity. Would it not be plain, that all it could do would be to relieve some of us at the expense of some of the rest, and as the brutes who wore above us would always take care of themselves, it Was only to be taken from one of the sufferers to be given to another? So much for the " charity" device. " There is no end to the complaints made at these meetings of the rapid strides by which the continental manufactures are advancing in the continental markets. Our northern mill.owners appear to think, that however odious monopoly may be in the case of other people, they themselves are entitled to the monopoly of the whole trade of Europe, and that if, in the general march of improvement, other nations step in to share what, until the pacification of 1815, was enjoyed exclusively by English capitalists, the cotton lords have a right to com plain of the movement as an injury, and force an indem nity from their own countrymen.' —lb. We ask for no protection from anybody abroad, we ask for protection from robbers at ;come. What the thieves call payinr , an indem nity, is giving up th e roa d. B ut l et us lay this by, against the time when the landowners are begging for removal of the bounty on foreign corn; or we never shall have the impudence to use the argu ment. But remember always, that Et Govern ment is pitted on establishing the principle. " There is so much in all this which smells of fraud and force that we have little time to notice mere blun ders. Else\ what a lecture might be written to these ignorant writers, for the sake of their ignorant readers, art such an axiom as is contained in the passae ' A heavy land-t ax wou ld not b e f e l t b y indttstry If a tax of four shillings in the pound were assessed upon the landowne r , would he di s charg e no servatits ) ci iostle tlr predial ? W ou ld h e an d his liktnity leave no chasm in the industry of the cabinetquftker, the coach-maker, the tailor, the mercer, the bookseller, and a hundred other tradesmen, and (through them and theirs) the in• descry even of the coarser manufacturersn.. " Blunder" in your own p-Jeket% tt p - in Were to propose to encourage thieve?, for the sake of the thieves' expenditorie ) Would not you be told directly, that 0.0, Oftpenditure of the money by the hottest men was just as good as by the thleAvst And so it is here. Either the Govern ment that expends the land-tax after It is taken, or the honest classes who are relieved ll'otn taxa tion if that process is pursued, will spend the money with just as much advantage to the rest of the community, as if it was filtered through the pockets of the landed thieves. " We only doubt which is the greater Tillany,--to speak and write these things with an expectation that they will actually do their criminal work, or to speak and write them in the cowardly persuasion that better men will take care they shall come to nothing."—M. Rob Roy banning against those who will finally pat down him and his. See if ynn itre not ground small, when the gods get you into their mill at last. Surely, if there be truth ht 'hitttrY Whiff toils us that a certain degree ref hs l ftioft',:;; has always preluded a fall ) it it itutvvYable that a Govern ment whoft ekiAtnce is pitted on the main teuante of such enormities as these, can keep in place. Anybody may see, that as Marlborough once said before an action was well begun, "They must go off, they must go off." Let us, then, take heart of grace, and see only to taking care that we make a better "bob" of it, when we " bob it again." But there is another reason for hope and ele vation at this moment. The kettle which was tied to the tail of the Charter under the title of Chartism, has burst, and out rolled a Bubble Company. The plan Wits not the rude one for the division or landS ) MIMI the carQlessness of its VOaditte tkolhetimes left it to be takoi tot t but something more curious], Vni'etktonable. The assertion might st.euk to savour of the dioecerleA Which tome from time to time ftont thtta-Protes tantism in Ireland, if .the bVidtiqn WaS tf4t in print to back it. Of t - tV let iittiflt . till tical power ViUti it IS gotten, is to be to take a Hundreii 'and Twenty Millions sterli of the pub lit Money, on the lender pretext that a Parlia ment is to see to the division • tweet y land millions are to be g i ven to the owners for th e l an d s f or which nobod will give a n ythi ng now; and the remainder is t o be served out at the rate of a hundred pounds a-piece to th e pr i vates of the force, and the are to pay rent a n d i nterest fbr this land which will pay nothing, afterwards if thaeyndlwikiel.igolin. Tiovry duals will naturally look for increasedadvantages in proportion to their services; Commissionerships are hungry pickings, corn, pared with what may be looked for from this job of jobs. Of course these pew landowners are to feel no interest in removing the Corn-laws; but on the contrary, to screw them up as long as another drop can be extracted from the national THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1841. cow. Hence the hatred with which opposition to the Corn laws has been received by the ex pectants. - For this plan, comparable'to nothing but one for taking the public money tl buy the rotten herrings which the present fishermen can make no use of, commercial and manufacturing industry is to be stopped by law, and a Chartist-made famine inflicted upon all except those who are living on the strength of their hundred pounds. For this the labourers were - taken under the musquets of the soldiers at-Newport and left there, and the good sense of the work ing classes div e rt e d fr om t h e fi nes t opportunity ever presented them of raising themselves in political importance. The hand of the land owners is visible in the whole - . The plan is not for advancing the Charter, but for making any advance towards the Charter impossible ; you may tell it to the marines, but the sailors will never believe . you. Not that the landowners absolutely calculated on setting up their new allies in power, though at the worst, twenty millions for their unsaleable lands was not so bad. But portions of the working men were to be encouraged to play "lower orders" for the aristocracy's benefit, and, like the negro of the American stage, dis play the character in every light which could be opposed to the emancipation of their class. They were to make everybody their enemies, and themselves ridiculous in the doing. They were to exhibit the grotesque spec tacle of men exclaiming against " class-legisla tion," and proceeding to demand one of their own, the first step of which was to be to take a hundred and twenty millions from a struggling public, by a bolder sweep than has ever been attempted by any class but one. They:were set upon working over again all the exploded fallacies of the landowners, and adding new ones of their own, discreditable equally to the intellect and to the virtue of the working classes whose name they were to take. But while they were thus driven against the stone wall of every man's enmity and every man's interests, they were to perform the service to their lords and masters, of staving off the de molition of the system of monopolies by Which the oppressive aristocracy support themselves upon the public. They might have gone on longer if they would have let other people alone; but when they apply foul terms to men for daring to preach anything but this which they never have consented to nor un derstood, they force inquiry into the basis of their Rotten Herring Company. The Charter for ever; but down with the scheme for sack ing a hundred and twenty millions of the public money to begin with. For this advance, the Giver be praised. It is another step towards the movement sensible men contemplate.—Yours very sincerely, T. PERRONET THOMPSON. Blackheath, Dec. 25, 1841. MANCHESTER AND LEEDS RAIL WAY. (From the Manchester Courier of Friday.) Yesterday a special meeting of the Shareholders in this railway was held at the Company's offices, Hunt's Bank, for the purpose of taking into consideration a proposal that the said Company shall unite with several other Railway Companies, for the purpose of promot ing the formation of a line from Darlington to New castle; which line, when formed, will complete the railway communication between London and Newcastle, and also between Manchester and Newcastle ; also to consider the propriety of proceeding with the extension of the Manchester and Leeds line to Hunt's Bank." There was rather a numerous attendance, about 50 or 60 Shareholders being present. Amongst them we observed the Hon. Captain Best, R.N., Thomas Houldsworth, E.q., M.P., John Feilden, Esq., M.P., William Marshall, Esq., of Preston, James Heald, Esq., of Parawood, Joseph Pease, Esq., of Darlington, James Wood, Esq., William Entwisle, Esq., and nearly all the large• Shareholders, representing about seven-eighths of the entire stock of the Company. The chair was filled by Henry Houldsworth, Esq , the Chairman of the Board of Directors. Mr. JELLICONE, the Secretary, having read the ad vertisement, The CHAIRMAN said, of the two questions they bad to consider, that of the Hunt's Bank extension was so much the most important, that it would be better to discuss it first, The Directors regretted that, since the last meeting of the Proprietors of that Company, there had not appeared to be any change in the feelings of the Liverpool and Manchester Company, with regard to proceeding with their part of this project; and it could not be denied, from the short time which had now to elapse before the power of purchasing land ex pired, that they had every reason to conclude that the Liverpool and Manchester Company had determined not to proceed with the junction. Hence, this Com pany were placed in a situation of great difficulty ; the whole question had been forced on the consideration of the Board, and must now be submitted to the Pro prietors, assthe time allowed them for the purchase of land expired in July next. The views of the Board were unchanged with regard to the advantage of forming the junction, and all the exe rience they had gained by the working of the line, only tended to con firm their opinion of the great advantage that would result therefrom. This project originated in the year 1838 ; in July of that year, the first conference between the Liverpool Board and this Company took place. On the 23d of that month a letter was received from the Secretary of that Company, stating that the Di rectors were confirmed in their first impression of form ing the junction, and were ready to enter into the neces sary preliminary arrangements. Oa the 31st of the same month they reported to their Proprietors that a proposition had been made for a junction, and that it would receive their best attention. In September they. entered into negotiation s with the Bolton Railway Company, over a part of whose line the junction line was to pass. On the 22d October, the Secretary ' of 'the Manchester and Leeds Company sent them plans of the junction, stud an estimate of the traffic, accompanied, however, with a request that they would consider the traffic estimate as the best opi nion that could be offered at that particular time. In November, it was necessary to give notice of an application to Parliament, which the Liverpool Company did ; the negotiation with the Bolton Com pany was going on in the meantime, and there appeared to have been considerable difficulty in coming to an ar rangement. The first proposition was, that the junction should be made by the three Companies : by the Leeds Company from their present station to Hunt's Bank ; the Bolton Company should continue the line over the titer to their station) and thet the LiVerpool Company should do the remainder. This was objected to, and the negotiation was carried on the principle of the Li verpool Company making the whole of the junction line Roth Hunt's Bank, and paying a toll to the Bolton Company; and the negociation with the Bolton Com. liabY was not settled wh en th e par ti es wen t t o Par ament. Both the Liverpool And Leeds Companies applied about the same time for Parliamentary powers. Mr. Gill, then the representative of the Leeds Com pany in London, *a§ afikiutis that the Coq:taffies should enter into an engagement to complete the junction in two years but the Liverpool Company declined to enter into such arrangement, This was the first inti mation they gave of anything !Ike indecision on the subject of the junction) it was in March, iffag, About that time a request *as sent to the Leeds Company for their estimates of the traffic. Mr. Atanway had been em ployed several months in making them out ; but they !fete sent to the Liverpool Company on the 28d March. Oct the nth the Sectetart df that Company addressed a letter to Mr. Gill ; asking for explanations of Certain items; and the same letter stated that title or two largely interested )Propti►tnr3 Iti the Litiefpbel Oottitiall bad had a conference with the Directors, and had intirnetti their desire to h.eve mote de fi nite and conc l us i ve informa ibti . E 9 Elie reit tifiefatlafi likely Id be derived irom the junction, and had stated that they would not oppose the Directors in bringing a proposition before the Proprietors if they would agues to Saliba the whole question to them again at a future day. On the gth April, this Company received a letter from Mr. Loch, the representative of the Bridgewater interest in the Liverpool and Manchester Company, containing a copy of a letter he had addressed to the Chairman of that Company, calling attention tog Junction of rail ways round the southern part of this town, end re presenting that he believed such connection could be made at a less cost, and would be more beneficial to the public. That communication came a very few days after the communication of Mr. Boothby *herein lie said that twthpr three largely interested Proprietors were not convinced of the benefit of the conneations , The letter was remitted to Mr. Gill in London ; but the Liverpool Company proceeded in obtaining their Act for the Northern Junction, which they obtained in June of that year, In the meantime ; no mo re Was h eaf d o f the &Where Junction; and they eery naturally centluded that it had died a natural I deathi as it a p peared to p e rsons " 40 0e 3 ieil quite dill ot the question tact such a line would ever no main, a 3 tyitdi= ever benefits it minbt nossess for other Companies, it was certainly not calculated to promote the interest of tun Liverpool Company. In June, 1839, the half-yearly meeting of the Liverpool Company was held, when the Directors pledged themselvesto bring the matter before the Shareholders at a future period, before proceeding with the junction. No more was done till October, when the Liverpool Company pointed out some discre pancies in the traffic estimates, stating that they had derived information from other sources which showed that the amount of traffic was immeasurably less than was contained in the estimate of the Leeds Company. They could only refer to the prineiples, which were the same as bad guided Mr. Stantyay in making the esti mate for this line and others. His estimate of the traffic passing along the Leede and Liverpool canal was 89,000 tons per annum ; and that 210,000 tons 'per annum passed thrork ; llanchester on the Rochdale canal. The m o d e i t s' obtained these facts .was. 1 to station ,f or a wee k, Ran at different points upon the canal, to take the tonnage of the vessels that passed, sad to obtain from the Captain or the men information as to the destination of the cargo. But, to ascertain the traffic to Manchester was a matter of very great difficulty, because of the water communications through Manchester, there was a delivery at the lower end of the town, a delivery at the upper end of the town at Piccadilly, and goods passing through the town. He, however, took the traffic at the Castle Field lock, at the lower end of the town ; at the Minshull-street lock, in the centre ; and at the Islington lock, out of the town towards Yorkshire ; and from the result obtained, he considered that 210,000 tons were passing annually through Manchester from Liverpool towards Yorkshire. The estimate brought forward by the Liverpool and Manchester Company was, that, instead of 89,000 tons, there were only 17,000 tons passing along the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, and that 45,000 was the total tonnage between Liver pool and places east of Manchester. Every en deavour was made to discover the cause of this dis crepancy, and deputations from the two Companies met for the purpose of conferring on the subject ; but after a lengthened sitting, it was found impossible to convince the Liverpool Directors that there was any error in their estimates, and the Leeds Directors could see no good ground for supposing that there was any error in theirs ; and that discrepancy remained to the present time. In January, 1840, the Liverpool Company drew up a minute referring to this subject, which might be considered as their manifesto, stating the grounds why they demurred to proceed with the junction line, which were principally the discrepancy in the estimates, and the projected Southern Junction. The conclusion from this necessarily was, that the Liverpool Company not only were not desirous to move forward, but were anxious to find arguments for delay, and for post poning the formation of the junction indefinitely. This Company had always viewed it in that light, and though not much attention had been paid to the sug gestions of a second junction, it did, in some degree, occupy the attention of the engineers and Directors of that Company ; and they had come to the conclusion that it would be more expensive than the Northern Junction, and that the Manchester and Birmingham Company would have no interest to induce them to join in making such a junction. If the Liverpool Company demurred to spend 250,0001., the estimated expense of the Hunt's Bank junction, to secure the traffic of the Leeds Company, which there was no doubt, from the district their line traversed, must be three or four times the extent of that which they would derive from the Birmingham Company—it never could be the interest of the Birmingham Company to spend an equal sum, for the interest they would have in the junction. And they had come to the conclusion that it was not a line that would ever be made, unless the Liverpool Company would undertake to make the greater part of it, which there was no reason to ex pect. Plans, however, had been deposited previous to this, in order to go to Parliament, for this line Two or three months after the publication of the do cument referred to, a deputation from the Liverpool Company waited on the Leeds Board, suggesting that they should get an act to make their extension to that station of the Birmingham Railway ; but this scheme appeared so impracticable that they were told it would be impossible for the Leeds Company to make such extension, unless . the Liverpool Company were prepared, not only to bear a considerablo part of the expense, but also to bear harmless the Leeds Company in the ex pense already incurred in the Hunt's Bank extension. And his impression was that the deputation of the Li verpool Company left them with the impression that thejunction line they proposed could never be effected. Since, then, however, a communication had been made, from parties professionally employed in the Duke of Bridgewater's interest, to the effect that it was exceed ingly desirable that the southern junction should be per severed in, and these parties were exceedingly anxious to have it carried out. Knowing that the Duke of Bridgewater's interest was so important at the Liver pool and Manchester Board, they were- bound most carefully to consider this subject ; and by showing the impracticability and improbability of its being carried out, they should much simplify the course of the Liver pool Company, as well as their own. The length of the southern junction would be 5,000 yards of new work, while that of the Hunt's Bank junction was but 4,035. It would be, in fact, two miles and eight-tenthswholly upon arches. It would cross the river Irwell, Water-street, Deansgate, Oxford-road, Garratt-road, London-road, Ancoats-street, and Oldham-road ; seven of the princi pal streets in the town. It would cross the river Med lea four times, and at one point the river itself would have to be diverted ; and as that river was thickly studded with works of all kinds, it might easily be sup posed that a line skirting that river would cut through a great deal of valuable property. It would cross the canal five times between the Birmingham station and the Liverpool line, and he could not say exactly what number of times between the Birmingham station and their own. Then there were difficulties about the station, which would have to be in Ducie-street ; the existence of the canal, of coal yards, and of several large factories on the other side, rendered it impossible to ob tain adequate station-room there. So far as his recol lection went, the Liverpool engineers estimated the cost at 700,0001, while the northern junction would be but 400,500/. ; of this 700,0001., the amount entailed on the Leeds Company, would cause to them a difference of' 50,000/. in engineering; and, including the value of the land, the cost would be nearly doubled. The Hunt's Bank extension line passed over ground that was scarcely half built on, while the other would take in a great number of most important buildings. The further they looked into this question, the more did they see the impossibi lity of carrying out such a line ; and the Liverpool Board could not entertain any expectation of its being completed in any reasonable period. The only other objection of any consequence was as to the traffic. It might be exceedingly difficult, by any statement of figures, to make it clear that the junction would be a remunerative one ; but, looking at the general cir cumstances of the case, nothing could be more clearly demonstrated. Mr. Stanway had taken the traffic estimate on the same principle as he prepared the estimate for their line. Their Parliamentary es timate was 113,000/. per annum ; and during the last six months they had received at the rate of 96,0001. per annum. And it was• notorious, however much they might be deceived by estimates of expense, traffic esti mates in general were exceedingly correct, time being allowed for the development of the traffic. On that ground they had a right to presume that Mr. Stan way's estimate would be borne out. But there was another way of putting the matter. The inhabitants of Manchester and the Istria around amounted to 800,000 or 900,000. ' The Liverpool Company had a traffic of 4,000 tons per week, and the water communications of probably 10,000 toys ; making a traffic between Liver pool and this district of 14,000 tons weekly. Conti nuous to this line, in Yorkshire, was a population ex ceeding a million ; these must consume as much as the same number of people in Lancashire, and must draw their supplies either from Liverpool or London. Now the estimate of the Liverpool Company would go to show that not one-tenth of the amount of produce and other articles which necessarily came from Liverpool to supply this part of Lancashire, did come to supply the million of people in Yorkshire. This led to the conclusion that there must be some error in the estimate en which the Liverpool Company relied. Now, were the inhabitants of Yorkshire supplied from Liver pool or London ? If from Liverpool, the amount must be vastly greater than their estimate showed ; if from London, it proved the importance of the Liverpool Company increasing the facility of com munication between their town and that largely con suming district.—(Hear, hear.) Another coosidera tin was, that traffic was limited in a most extraordi nary degree by any interruption of the continuity of railways. Their traffic was now nearly double its amount when the line was but partially open. What Was the communication between Yorkshire and Liver poets but a partially epened railway ? There was a blank here at Manchester ; and what inconvenience could be greater than the tumbling out of carriages of one railway into an omnibus, and having to drive through the streets of a crowded town, at ten or twelve miles an hour, for the purpose of catching the other train ? That inconvenience was increasing daily, as the number of their passengers increased. Then the expense of carting goods through the town, and re•leading them, and the delay which this caused, must materially diminish the amount of goods thus conveyed. Taking these two subjects into considera tion, they believed a very large increase of traffic would take place if a junction line were formed ; and i t should be remembered that a very small increase would remun:'rate them for the outlay. An increase of o the Liverpool Company 100 tons a cirri wo ;:ld secure t ATC ner cent. on their outlay ; an interest of more tan - ; and Capt. Laws was"Prepro:a to state that more than 4 remuneration would double the necessary amount - in this junction. accrue to them, if they would to, betw ee n Looking at the question as one simply . ' lok t i h ng e northern junction and no innetiott et all, ant , -.mot at it as a question of cost on the pm ef the Lived, • . and Matidflester Company, he had nd iregitatid9 saying; that if that Company would put the (41YeStitm tod gtottod; the Directors of the Leeds Compaq ) would iniffit iti th& Proprietors, at a special meet ing, a proposition ft3f gilarinteei4 the Liverpool Company, in the event of their cotiipliiodg flTe junction from any loss that might arise, and forgiving this gtiaterv tee on condition of receiving but one-half the advan tage that would accrue from the junction.—( Applause.) And we know enough of the sentiments of some large Proprietors in this Company to say that they would cheerfully support the Directors in such a proposition.— (Applause.) It had always been the wish of the Direc tors of the Liverpool Company to secure this junction ; but in order to ensure its advantages it would be neces sary that the most cordial and thorough understanding should exist between the two Companies, and that the mode of working the traffic should be most harmonious, and on that ground he bad wished to avoid, i n giving this historical detail, anything which might seem to re flect on the Liverpool Company. They now came to the - great question, what course this Company ought to adopt under these circumstances? ,Though it might be a question, whether, if they were starting de novo, the advantage of the water communication would be such as to justify the expenditure they must incur in extending their line to Hunt's Bank ; but in the position in which the Company stood, it was a fair question to consider whether it might not be to the interest of the Company, and might not ultimately bring about the communication they wished to establish, if the Proprietary should acqui esce in the Directors proceeding with the junction. He did not present that as a resolution at which the Board had arrived without great difficulty, or as one of a very satisfactory nature, but he believed it to be the most satisfactory conclusion which they could come to under the circumstances. The communication by water had certainly increased very much of late ; and there was the advantage of goods being carried by night, by which the time con sumed might be said to be almost neutralised. Looking at the capability of the river for extension and improve ment, and looking at the effect which, it would have on the navigation if this Company decided on making the proposed extension, he thought the arguments decidedly preponderated in favour of such a course. The Board had anxiously considered the subject, and had come to that decision. They wished, however, to throw the question upon the Proprietors, believing that they would deal with it in the way they thought best.. They should be glad to give any further information in their power ; but he thought there would be no advantage in further delaying tFe matter. Mr. MARSHALL, of Preston, submitted a motion, au thorising the Directors to proceed with the formation of the extension line. The motion was seconded by Mr. JAMES HEALD. In answer to questions from Mr. PEASE, of Dar lington, the CHAIRMAN said that Mr. Gooch's esti mate of the cost of completing the line, in the most perfect manner, as originally contemplated was 124,000/. for his part of the works. Upwards of 30,0001. had been already expended in land, and it was estimated that nearly 40,000/. more would be required ; the to tal amount being about 200,0001. By a more recent and economical estimate, the total cost might be brought within 160,0001. or 170,0001., on the suppo sition that the buildings they were then in were made suitable for a station. Of this sum, 30,0001. had al ready been paid for land ; so that the difference in ex pense, between remaining as they were and completing the extension, would only be 120,0001. or 130,000/. Mr. J. FIELDEN wished to pledge the Directors to adopt the lowest estimate, but the feeling of the meet ing was against their being fettered ; and the motion was put and unanimously carried. After a lucid statement from the Chairman, of the circumstances under which the Company were asked to join in a guarantee to the Shareholders of the Northern Union Railway, from Darlington to Newcastle, Mr. JAMES HEALD moved that the Company should join in the guarantee to the extent of 2,0001. a year, on certain conditions recommended by the Directors, the principal being that the cost of the railway should not exceed 500,0001., that six per cent. should be gua ranteed to the Shareholders for ten years, and that the overplus of the receipts should be divided amongst the Companies furnishing the guarantee. Mr. HUMFHRIES seconded the motion. Mr. J. FIELDEN strenuously opposed the proposi tion, contending that it was an infraction of liberty for the Company to bind the whole of their members in a guarantee ; and declaring his intention to give it all the opposition in his power when the Northern Union Company came before Parliament for an Act to sanc tion such guarantee. After a protracted discussion, the motion was put, and carried with only two dissentients. At the close of the business, W. Entwisle, Esq., read a statement showing that the net revenue of the Company, from the Ist of July to the end of the pre sent year, would amount to 116,000/. The expenses of the six months, including the half-year's salaries, would be 40,0001. ; the interest to loaa-holders, minus the interest on the banking account, would be 31,000/. ; making a total of 71,000/. of out-goings, and leaving a balance of 45,0001. net proceeds. Dividends of three per cent. on the old and the half shares, and of ten per cent. for three months on the quarter shares, would re quire 40,000/. ; leaving a surplus of 5,000/. out of the half-year's proceeds, as a depreciation fund, without touching any of the previous earnings. ---(Applause.) Thanks were then voted to the Chairman, and the proceedings terminated, after occupying three hours and a half. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. (From the HanapshireTelegraph.) PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 25.---LThe Snake, 16, 'Commander the Hon. W. B. Devereux, arrived on Sunday from Chat ham, and will sail on Wednesday next for the Mediterra nean (touching at Plymouth), to relieve, the Wasp, 16, Commander the Hon. 11. A. Murray. The Queen, 110, Captain Rich, will go out of harbour on Thursday, in tow of the Vixen steam-frigate, ordered round from Woolwich for that purpose. The Isis, 50, Captain Sir John Marshall, at Plymouth, is under orders for the Brazils. The Thalia frigate is daily expected at Spithead from Leith. The Camelion, 10, which had sailed from the Cape of Good Hope for China, put back there on Sept. 2, having been damaged in a gale of wind. The Warspite, 50, Captain Lord John Hay, is to es cort to England his Majesty the King of Prussia, on his approaching visit to this country, on the occasion of the christening of the Prince of Wales, to whom his Majesty will stand as sponsor. It is understood that the Thalia. and Volage will also form part of the escort. The War spite is ready for sea. The Formidable. 84, Captain Sir C. Sullivan, is or dered to be expedited at Chatham, to proceed to the Mediterranean, calling at Spithead. The Seringapatam, 46, has been undergoing survey, to ascertain her fitness for re-commissioning, at Sheerness. The Conway, 26, Captain Bethune, with treasure on board, arrived from China and Calcutta, at the Cape of Good Hope, on the Ist of October ; she may, therefore, be daily expected. The Cornwallis, 72, Captain Richards, on her way to China, made a splendid passage to the Cape from Plymouth, having left that port on the sth of July, and reached the Cape on the 26th of September. The brig Ferret, 10, Commander Oake, will soon be ready at Plymouth, to proceed to the Coast of Africa, The Crocodile, 26, recently returned from the West Indies, is ordered to be again brought forward for com mission. _ . _ The Numa, transport, from Woolwich, andiAdventure, naval transport, from Deptford, arrived on Sunday. The Java, transport, with detachments of the Ist Royal, sth and 7th Fusileers, 46th, 48th, and 79th regiments, sailed from Gravesend on Saturday last for Gibraltar, The Ist division of the 97th regiment, under command of Major Cannon, has left Corfu for Zante, to relieve the 38th regiment. The Cracker cutter arrived on Monday from Jersey. The Emerald sailed the same day to Plymouth. The Rhadamanthus, steam transport, is ready for sea, and will arrive at this port about the Ist of January. The Lieutenant's commission, given by the Admiralty half-yearly to one of the mates studying at the Royal Naval College, has been awarded this Christmas to Mr. James Francis Ballard Wainwright. On paying off the Tyne, about a month since, in this harbour, James Dix, chief boatswain's mate, was awarded a medal for his good services, and a pension of 271. per annum. PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. ri t omotioN.—Mate—James - Francis Ballard Wain wright, by merit, from the Royal Naval College, to the rank of Lieutenant. APPOINTMENTS.--Captain—Charles Eden, to the Win chester, as Flag Ship at the Cape. Commanders—J. S. W. Johnson, to the Wolverine ; George Baker, to the Lily (to take passage in the Ra pid) ; A. Darley, to the Electra ; Hon. J. R. Drummond, to the Scout ; Philip G. Haymes, to the Fantome ; Parry, to the Sappho, in the West Indie s ( t o take pas sage in the Volage). Lieutenants—James Chas. Johnstone, to the Warspite, vice Hornby, promoted ; penry T. Smith, James B. Kinsman, and Chas. Knighton (additional) to the Cale donia ' • Sydney Thomas, to the Royal George , for service in the Nautilus ; E. Sanders, to the Indus, vice Bamber, invalided ; A. Lewis and Augustus Lavie, to the Vindic tive ; Thomas Baillie, from Warspite, to Isis ; G. L . Norcock, to Warspite, vice Baillie. Master—D. Lye, to Royal George. Second Master—W. Barnard, to the Atholl. Surgeon—J. Greenish, to the Royal George. P Alfred; Alfred Young, to the St. Vincent ; W. R Grierso n , to t h e Mates—R.artseesr--HT. h w o s i . li G e o o x d , d f a r rd om , t t o h e t h E e xc o e y l l • a e n l t G , t e o o T h e. e Queen • W. Carroll and J. Palmer, to the Royal George. Cleric—James Punchard, to the Snake. The Hon. Rear-Admiral J. Percy is appointed to the command at the Cape of Good Hope, vi ce promoted; Captain Sir Francis Collier,Sir E. King, promoted; of the William and Mary yacht, superin tendenceCani3ftlitethecon ; Captain Peter Fisher, osi ie If of Woolwich Yard command the Ocean, and the superintendence ness Yard; Sir Watkin 0. Pell, C.B , to command the Royal Sovereign yacht, and the superintendence of Pem broke Yard; Captain Sir John Hill, to finish his servi tude ; Rear-Admiral Sir S. - Pym C. 8., as Superintendent of the Deptford VictuallingEsta flag in the San Josef • • - 'd eof Plymouth 'with the superinten enc to hoist his Yard. Royal Marines—Mr. George Magrath Pasco, Second Lieut., to th e Pl ymout h Di v ision. ''. Com. Bon. G. T. lia stin g B ' PLYMOUTH, THURSDAY, DEC. 23.—The Harlequin, after several attempts to The Avon steamer, Lieut. C. gt,h14.,.. , wn . Channel, sailed the 17th for China, with a sii44 , l g l h ece-edatfrlOm Portsmouth on Friday last, with j enidEl i ,,, rx. The Spy. Lieut. Potbury, came into supernumerMft. called the Alban steamer, Mr. King, harbour to refitt.--; The, rowerful,?- 1 ., Capt. Seymour, master, for Bristor," • "ofi,-t Ommanney's flag . , from the with Tiee-Admiral Sii.: 4 ', L , ,, i ,4 0 . put into this port on the Mediterranean, was obi.:AE, len „- of the strong easterly on the 21st, and 18th, owing to the prev G`n the 18th, the 'ale G. Grey, and i h v as ind p s Captain Honoura. Belvidera, 38, r;ocseheede for ever Por g ts o m t oZ: ::—Ir . Commander W. Serpent, 16, arrived from Portsmouth , t., n his promo- N e ville, has s u p erseded Ca p tain Searle, , ranean on tion.—The Belvidere, sailed for the Medite, R. Sarto the 21st. —The Malabar, 12, Captain Sir G. e, rious, and North Star, 26, C a p tain Sir J. E. Hon, sailedrfor the 18th, the former for Gibraltar, and the latte. China. --The Belleisle, troop-ship, Captain J. Kit k ~' c ombo ; Apollo, troop-ship, Commander C. Frederic ; and Sapphire, troop-ship, G. H. Cole, master, sailed for China, with troops, the 20th,—The Volage, 26, Captain MORNING SUN Sir W. Dickson, and Heroine, 10, Lieut. T. D. ;it ewart, arrived from Portsmouth the 21 st.—Rear-Adrniral . ;Super :ntendent Pym, K.C.8., commenced duty in the: Dock , yard the 21st, vice Warren, promoted. In Harbour—Caledonia, San Josef, Minden, 3 Es poir, Ferret, Spy. In the Sound—lsis, Volage, Serpent, and Herohne. WOOLWICH, Dec. 24.—Sir George Cockburn .visited the dockyard, on Saturday last, and was accompanied by Captain Phipps Hornby, C. 8., Superintendent of the yard, during his examination of several of the d apart ments. The Charon, steam-vessel, Second Master E. C. Butter (Acting), left Woolwich, on Saturday, fc.r Do ver. The Acheron, steam-vessel, Lieut. Kennedy, was paid off, and taken into the basin, on Thursday. The Growler, steam-vessel, Commander H. C. Buckle, will not leave Limehouse for Chatham before the middle of January. The Shearwater, steam-vessel, Commander John Washington, .arrived at Woolwich this forenoon from the North Sea. The Vixen, steam-frigate, Com mander Henry Boyes, is in the river, opposite the dock yard, ready for sea, and will sail at eight o'clock on Mon day morning, for Portsmouth, previous to her departure for service at Brazils. Ships in the Harbotir.—William and Mary yacht; Driver, Vixen, Lightning, Myrtle, African, and Shear water, steam-vessels. _ _ In the Basin.—Rhadamanthus, Acheron, Salamander, Comet, Confiance, and Fearless, steam-vessels. The Lords of the Admiralty have- directed the master shipwrights of Plymouth, Portsmouth, Chatham, Sheer ness, and Woolwich dockyards, to assemble at Woolwich on the 3d of January next, to take into consideration Mr. Blake's improvements for strengthening the bows of ships, and the system of ship-building generally, with the view to the adoption of some fixed principle in a matter of such vital importance as the construction of our ships of war. HUNTING APPOINTMENTS. Her Majesty's staghounds, Monday, Stoke Common ; Friday, New Lodge-11. The East Sussex hounds, Monday, Longford ; Thurs day, Laughton Pound; Saturday, Newmarket Hill-104. The Brighton harriers on Mon., Thunder's Barrow, near Portsladc ; Wed., Patcham; Fri., Dyke's Road-104. The Brookside harriers Monday, Newmarket Hill ; Thurday. Telscombe Tye-101. Mr. Muir's hounds on Monday, Saxham The Thanet harriers Monday, Sarre Mill-10. Mr. Archer's hounds, Monday, Viverdon ; Thursday, Chapman's Well. The Devon harriers Monday, New Inn, Dawlish Road. Mr. Meynell's hounds Monday, Himbleton ; Wednes day, Longtbrd ; Saturday, Wichnor Park-10 . Mr. Candler's hounds Monday, Idimbleton ; Wednes. Witley; Friday, seventh milestone, Pershore-road-10 . i. The Warwickshire hounds Monday, Bishop's Itching ton ; Tues. Mitford Bridge ; Thurs. Walton ; Saturday, Upton House-10i. • The Cheshire hounds, Monday, Booth's Obelisk; Wed nesday, at Appleton Hall; Thursday, Bartington Heath; Saturday, Fox and Barrel-101. The East Kent harriers, Monday, Northbourn Mill; Tuesday, Rattling Court; Thursday, Lydden Hill—lo}. The Monmouthshire hounds, Monday, Lanover Lodge; Thursday, Cold brook Park-10i. Mr. Atty's hounds, Monday, Hough Bridge; Wednes day, Whittington; Friday, Gresford-10i. Mr. Hellier's hounds, Monday, Honily Boot; Wednes day, Stoneleigh Abbey; Friday, Tile Hill-10i. The Albrighton hunt, Monday, Somerford; Thursday, The Wheel, Worfield; Saturday, Ham Gate-10fr. The Fowelscombe harriers, Monday, Gare Bridge; Wednesday, Ugborough; Friday, Langford. Mr. Robertson's hounds, Monday, Effingham ; Wed nesday, Hepburn Wood; Thursday, South Charlton; Friday, Bradford Dean-10i. The Wheatland hounds, Monday, Hampton Load; Friday, Buildivas Bridge-9. MONUMENT TO MOZART. Mozart—whom Haydn reverenced for his ex traordinary powers, and whom Burney looked upon as the greatest leader of the modern school —has lain in the grave for a period of fifty years, and yet the whole of Germany has not, in any instance, awarded a monument to his memory. The author of " La Clemenza di Tito," the " Ido meneo," the " Nozze di Figaro," and a host of other exquisite productions has only been re membered in the airs and melodies of his own creation, which have been warbled since his death in the halls and chambers of the Continent. Haydn, in respect of a monumental memorial, has been much happier than Mozart, for in the very town that gave birth to the latter, the chief attraction to strangers is the monument erected to Michael in the splendid church of Salzbourg. While Mozart sleeps unforgotten, without a relic to his remembrance, Michael Haydn lies buried at the foot of the noble steps leading up from St. Rupert's Cathedral to the chapel and cell of St. Maximus; his heart, inclosed in a black marble urn, is placed on a monument erected to him in the neighbouring church of the Benedictines, while the moss-covered rock, supportive of this urn, is scattered about with a number of white marble tablets, on each of which is inscribed the first words of his most admired compositions. A traveller who visited Salzbourg in 1836, says, " in one of the principal streets of this town,' nearly opposite to the University Church, is the house in which Mozart was born in the year 1756, but as yet no inscription, bust, or other memorial of this great man draws the eye of the passenger upon it. This house has through it a communieation, in the Salzbourg fashion, between the Place de l'Universite and the Getraidgasse." " Salzbourg," continues the same writer, " woald do herself honour by erecting some public me morial to this immortal composer. She is happy in having her name united both with his and that of Michael Haydn. The latter was born in Vienna, and died at Salzbourg. Mozart was born at Salzbourg and died at Vienna." Indeed, it is an almost unaccountable fact that while the Viennese are notoriously fond of statues and monuments, so that of the more open places about the city, there is not one which has not its monument, statue, or other marble erection in the centre, nothing of the kind has been dedi cated to this great musician's memory, while scores of inferior men and less notable persons have been so honoured abundantly in this way. It was at Vienna that, so early as his sixth year, his father took him, along with his young sister Maria Anna, and where the little artist was introduced at the Emperor's Court. It was at Vienna that first the unequalled execution of this precocious child first excited such universalsurprise. At Vienna it was that his little violin was given him, which he afterwards played with so brilliant a beginning that had not the piano occupied his attention the more, his fine hand and execution upon this former instrument might have been fully equal to his performance on the latter. ' but with an Paris, Englund, the Hague , and Salzbourg, all ainpptlata penchanttorturns,soiigl i i .o t ry which appea rs t o him, have been as strongly reciprocated by the people of that capital, Mozart again, in 1768, returned to Vienna. He no sooner arrived than the Court took him under its protection, and the Emperor Joseph commissioned him to write his excellent La Pinta Semplice. Here he made Hasse, the master of the royal chapel, his best friend, and the mass which he composed, and the concert of trumpets which he led in presence of the Impe rial House, stamped him—a boy of only twelve years old—as a wonder Vienna had not before seen. Rome and N a pl es, again drew him abroad, but again at the age of twenty-four, the E called him to Vienna, Em as his fame grew greater, and after Salzbourg composing those brilliant productions which have surrounded his name with so eminent a lustre, he died in this, his adopted city, in 1791. t h e place of the musician's birth, is a beautiful city, situated beside the clear flowing waters of the river Salz. Lying about sixty-three miles south-east of Munich, it stands where stood the Roman Juvavia, and is a place of more pure and untouched antiquity than any to be met with in Germany. The most striking feature of the place is its romantic situation amidst high mountains. The citadel stands in a bold and commanding situation, and one of the gate ways is cut rough a solid rock f vast depth and altitude. Su th ch was the cradle i o n which Mozart wasA born. u stria, however, has at last determined —a determination which, though too long delayed, is nevertheless to be hailed with joy—to erect a monument to his memory. But even upon the preparatory measures taken for its erection, the blameable forgetfulness which has passed over his name, transpired a few days since in the fol lowing fact, at a time when it was made a ques tion as to the spot where this monument should be reared. The Cemetery of St. Maximilian, i n the Austrian capital, was the place select e d , i t having been known for certain that there he had been interred. Application was accordingly made by the Mi nister of the Interior to his widow, to know where his grave was situated. lice reply was that she could not tell, that when he died his body was taken to the Ce:netery, according to the mode then adopted for simple citizens, without any p e rsons accompanying it as mourners ; that she had quitted Vienna immediately u r after, and effortsaann d d h o layat d been '2;2 years absent, and that e discover the exact spot where her 1b had been fruitless. A t lengtl►, then, the place for its erection has beau made almost by hazard, and the Austrian Government, at a loss to discover where the body of the great m►►sician lies; has decided that the monument shall be erected as near the probable spot as can be conjectured. A RARE FAT Ox.—On Saturday se'nnight a fine fat ox, rising four years old, belonging to the Earl of Zetland, and bred by that Nobleman ' was placed on the -achine at Richmond, and weighed 177 stone.—Bl'il C r itak, er tse Nines loyeu I the , r ner that No, s no hick old with be en is not 10 nee gth the 11 1 r s.