The Sun. — London, England, 1841-12-31 00:00:00

FROM TFIE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTEGGAY. GLOBE.—There has been irons time to time con siderable speculation as to the course that the Govern ment will put sue with regard to the forged Exchequer bills ; and much has been said on the hardship of the position in which " innocent holders" will be placed, should the Treasury repudiate any liability to meet such of the documents as are found to be fraudulent. It has been, of course, a matter of much deliberation :n official quarters, what plan shall be pursued ; for while it is felt that the parties who have given value for their bills would have great reason to complain if they should be made to suffer by the malpractices carried on by a servant of the Government, it would be no less unfair towards the Treasury to be called on to discharge in full the claims of those who could not but have known, by the terms on which they took their bills, that some irregularity must have attached to them. We have every reason to believe that the Government has at length resolved to meet the question upon equitable grounds, and, taking for granted its non-liability la a legal sense, it has determined to state to the House of Commons the facts of the case, leaving it to that body to dual with it. Tile Chancellor of the Exchequer will pro behly bring the matter forward, and, without deny ing the laxity that has hitherto been allowed to prevail in the Exchequer bill (leper:eller - sr, will propose that the parties who have really taken the forged documents under circumstances showing no ground for believing that they could have suspected fraud, shell be indem nified to thel full amount of their fictitious securities. It will, however, be urged that persons who gave only 800/. for bills which, if they were genuine, were worth 2,0001., and if not acre of no value at al!, must be considered to have been merely `gambling on the chance of the do c u men t s tu rn i ng ou t good ' or bad, and that, the letter being the case, the stake so impreperly played for should be regarded as sacrificed. It is clear that there are no fund!: out of which the for geries can be paid, and the House of Commons must therefore he resorted to in the existing difficulty,— though the Government will propose the plan for getting out of it. The liabilities to the public, presuming them to be equitable and not legal, may be adjusted with greater facility than tile question which will arise be tween the Bank and the Treasury, which in official quarters is now creating considerable perplexity. STANDARD.—Lord Melbourne is more interested that, any other man in proving that the country which h e h a s goserned for seven years is not suffering from the ill effect of contemporary Government, or even from the influence of preceding errors, which, during seven years, b e sure ly might have repuired ; hence his unwilling ness to see the actual distress exaggerated. But Lord Melbourne, irne to his party practice, has still a reserve of fallacy ; be talks of " lessons for the future," as if there were something to condemn in the system teliffsh has brought Great Britain to her present state, Now this must not be suffered to pass without a re mark. During 50 )ears the population of England has doubled ; her territory has ireatiplied fourfold, and her wealth, probably tenfold ; concurrently with a war, in which she has had to battle for the liberty of the human race, and has battled triumphantly. Does the system, under which 6o much has been effected, present results that are to be read as lessons as to what we ought to slant' ? Do not the effect; of such a system, on the other hand, (whit out in striking characters the danger of &A-von , deviation? If temporary distress is the result of such a system—a fact which we do not dispute—a great progressive presperity is no less certainly. We have again and again shown that temporary distress is the necessary attendant upon rapid progress. This is the lesson to be learned ; and if Lord Melbourne and his colleagues had studied this lesson, they would not has a eusured by their New Poor-law that every temporary di t-es 3 shall be exasperated into misery and torture, nor attempted by their budget measures that would stay the national progress, and cause it soon rapidly to retrogade. We repeat it once more, that you CAtl• not have progress without occasional distress ; but that under the old Poor-law distress was so effectually miti gated as to threaten no danger to the community. Prosperity causes the accumulation of capital—capital becomes the competiter of labour, and for a time it must prove the successful competitor ; but during the interval that passes befhre labour can right itself, by the opening of new markets, there must be distress. loose are plain propositions, a priori, and the evideece of ex perience warrants their soundness. COURIER.—Few arc the manifestations, cud celerity the measures of popular sympathy evoked by the downfal of the Whig cabinet. A kind of sulky silence seemed to have taken possession even of that portion of the public supposed to be most favourable to the views of Whig policy, which, being rightly inter preted, meant to say that in being cashiered from office the NVLigs had only met with their deserts. This, sse repeat, is the inference which we have drawn from the indeTerenee evinced towards the leading members of the Melbourne Ministry by the country at large; their offi cial extinction appears to have inspired no regret ; the change which has transmitted subtle, glazing courtiers, into jealous and watchful, we will not add factious, op positionists, seems to have excited no hopes. In vain they preach to the miserable remt.ant that still adheres to them the virtue and magic pot,!ney of union—in vain they labour to enlorcL: the stale truism by references to the achievements of their party in 1834 5. The temper .of the times has wonderfully changed since then ; at that period the first indications of the e'ob were only 0-en ; ever since the reflux has been rapid and steady, acAl therefore to appeal to what ‘Vhig-ltadicalisra was then enabled to etre - Ct a.; an illustration of what it alight, if sinnilarly directed,. be now able to achieve, is to betray ia total inappreciation of intermediate occurrences—is to .contound vigour with debility, and the confidence of an ticipated victory with the discouragement of certain del - Gat. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. POST.—In taking the course we felt it our duty to xi) from the moment the metropolis and moneyed inte rest at large were first astounded by the adinitted for geries of Beaumont Smith and his confederates, we carefully drew the distinction that appeared to be just, as between innocence and guilt. This will be acknow ledged, upon a dispassionate review of our statements -on the subject, strongly as they have been assailed in particular quarters. ‘Ve have unquestionably taken a little pains to put individuals on their guard against the sielueive expectation held out to them by some of our Contemporaries, of a ready indemnification of their losses in this business being afforded at the hands of Go vernment. There meld, we considered, have been a cruelty in the adopticu by us, as impartial writers, of any other policy. It would have been unfeeling en the last degree towards the sufferers themselves, though there was yet another consideration, the in fluence of which has operated forcibly upon our minds. Let it be imagined that we, like tLe rest of .the public journals, at least a great number of them, had given out to the world that indemnification could Stet, and would not, be withheld, and j o in e d i n th e un patriotic recommendation, that conspiracies of Exche quer bill ledders should be formed for th e p ur pose o f coercing the Executive into the measure by the refusal of further renewals. The consequence of such a pre esociing would, we may assume, have been that of setting on foot a fresh system of speculation, the effect of which must be to involve in the fraud another class of victim. A host of credulous and unthinking per sons would have been found but too ready to deal in the Exchequer forgeries; and, among the almost innu merable bubbles to be seen in the lists of the Steck Exchange, it w0u . !(1 have b ecome necessary, in order to a ff ord a faithful report 0 1- the daily transacti ons there, to include the q uotati on of " spurious Exche quer bills." \Vhile we have done our best to lead the public to a right conclusion on the head of indemnification, we h ave consulting failed not to impress upon the i nnocent Exchequer bill holders the expediency of meeting, O f together, mode of In ' and of forming ii Committee of inquire.. S . uel t dealing with the case would, we conce ived, abe matter l, most useful, whatever might prove the result. of such deep importance it was not likely that the Executive could take upon itself the responsi bility which it lia.s been required to do. Cases of grtev(?e, ;hardship are heard,of, and it cannot be suppose d that we would wantonly, and without the smallest provoca tion, step between innocent people unfortunately im plicated in them and justice. All VERTISER.— We have much pleasure in being . enabled to state that the emine n t E as t India firm of Boggs, Taylor, and Company, which suspended pay ment a week or two back, will resume again to-morrow, with the view of winding up. Its assets will be suffi cient to pay in full ; and but for delay in the arrival of remittances from India, the necessity for the untoward stoppage would not have arisen. Fur some time past there have been frequent and serious complaints of the disposition of certain officials connected with a certain railway to enter into very extetisiv e Bea/ transactions, or, in plainer terms, to depreciate the value of the shares, ia order to derive a profit front secs depreciation. These matters it is always delicate to allude to; hut, in the present in stance, the sul.jeet, as a matter of conversation, has be come se notorious in the City, that we consider it 'e be (Stir dury as faithful chroniclers to advise the pi Hits 451 them, (oaf At the :tune time to afford an opposit rls* .fo . recentr a di ct i ou ii the statement is unf oun d e d. t tee security, o f part i es i nvest i ng cap i ta l in such un .(-Is"t icales 17. ie the first necessity th a t no ki n d o f planing, et least emote; ,Parties cognizant with, or en gaged ir, th e adreinietration of affairs of this kind, should for oue morueet he tolerated. The Bank of England effectually provides against such jobbing, and -why not Railway Companies also. CHRONICLE. —The holders of Pennsylvania ' State floods wilf re ce i ve muc h sat i s f act i on from pe rostngthe suijoineicornmunicat ion, whi c h emanates f rom highly influential Quarter, and any be safely looked upon as official : " Nov. 30, 1841. " In reply to y o urs o f t h e 29th i nstant, it, gives me pleasure to state as my firm belief that the interest on our public debt, due on the Ist of February next, will be promptly paid without recourse to loans. The B RIGHTON LONDON AND RAILWAY, a w a e y e , k o stated would ' The slip at New Cros s, as w e last be the case, was got under on T hurs the Railway was again open thro ughout the line ; an d the trains have since continued t o run with gr eat Nvhich day larity. Two of the trains, on Fri da y afternoun b re ,gu down upwards of 500 passengers , the greatest r :,: i u n g b i e l r t that have yet travelled in two successive trains. Some inconvenience having been occasioned b., v a con trary practice, the Directors of the Company have given orders that Lank-notes of the solvent Sussex Banks should be taken at the station here, the person presenting a nut , being merely required to endorse his name upon it. No tidings have yet been obtained of Mr. lVood, the late Secretary of the London and Brighton Railway Com pany.--Brighton Gazette. DUDLEY.—The Coroner's inquest on the body of Richard Hunt, who was killed by Mr. Edward Alsop of Rowley Regis, on the morning ofthe 12th instant, whilst in the act of committing a robbery in an outhouse on his premises, terminated on Wednesday evening, when the Jury returned a verdict of "Justifiable Homi cide." The deceased was about sixty years of age, and had long been known as a most profligate character and notorious thief.— Worcestershire Chronicle. RIT of the P 151; LAC JOURNAL S. balance in the Treasury this day is 1,109,922d01. of which the sum of at least 750,000ci01. is available. The two heaviest months of receipts are yet to come before the interest is payable ; and the receipts for three months, I think, may be safely estimated at from 400,000d01. to 500,000(101. lam therefore of opinion that the resources of the Treasury will not only be suf ficient to pay the interest, but that all ordinary demands of our Government will likewise be met. " But to guard against any contingency that might occur to injure the present prospect, the Governor has made a requisition upon the banks, under resolution of the sth of May last, to make up any deficit if such there should be. Under all these circumstances, there cannot for a moment remain a doubt as to the interest being punctually paid." The assurance thus given that the interest due on Ist February will be punctually paid cannot fail to tran quillize the fears of the English creditors of the State of Pennsylvania ; and the explanation which the above letter also affords of the cause of the further requisition upon the banks shows that, instead of looking with alarm upon that step, they should feel greater confi dence from it, as it has been adopted, solely for their benefit, to guard against any contingencies. THE LATE ACCIDENT ON THE GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. ( From the Times.) In the evidence on the subject of the late dreadful accident on the Great Western It rilway, Mr. Brunel mentions that " the reason for putting the passenger trucks next to the engine, arises from the danger to which a luggage train is considered most liable—namely, its being overtaken by another train, in consequence of its being slower, and unavoidably less punctual than passenger trains." Mr. Saunders also, another employe of the railroad, giving evidence in de fence of the Company, makes a statement to the same effect. He informed the Jury, that " the gene ral opinion of scientific and practical men, and even of the Inspector-General, was that the best place for fassengcrs in luggage trains was next to the engine. Some trains went at the speed of forty miles an hour. while others proceeded cnly at the rate of eighteen or twenty ; and it was impossible, where there were so many cuttings and curves, to prevent a quick train from sometimes running into a slow one, notwith standing every precaution. Accidents have been avoided in consequence of placing the passengers in front." And this obviously is the only excuse that can be made for the ariangement which has been tile cause of this miserable accident. Further, both these gentle men imply that, if left to themselves, they would make no change in that part of the railroad arrangements. "If the control remained in his (Mr. Saunders's) hands, he should undoubtedly adhere to the practice of placing the passenger-trucks in luggage-trains in front." " The passenger truck," Mr. Brunel tells us, "was put in the middle of the train on the Friday evening by my order, merely as a concession to an opinion which knew had been frequently expressed." We thought it better to place the passenger truck in the middle, lest it should be considered a mere act of obstinacy if we adhered to the former practice." We may suppose, therefore, that this prac tice will not be discontinued for any longer period than is necessary to avoid the imputation of obstinacy ; that after such a " concession" as may seem to quiet the tongues of the public, the system which is thought most advisable by the authorities on the railroad will be re sumed. It becomes, then, not a little important to put the justification brought forward by these gentlemen in its proper light. Now, it is to be observed, that we are not now inquiring what is the safest of two untried courses ; we are not engaged in adding one additional precaution to a set of arrangements already supposed to be sufficient fur all purposes of security ; a series of distressing accidents have occurred on different railways, and every one has remarked—we ourselves have observed, in print, long ago—that it is in the carriages next the engine that the fatal accidents almost invariably occur. Not before people have over and over again made this observation, comes the present frightful catastrophe. The passengers are still crowded next the tender ; and now, at last, the dreadful result is something throwing into the shade all that has yet occurred. After all this experience, the engineers come forward, and quietly (Mr. Brunel almost contemptuously) tell us that they are quite persuaded that the passengers would be even in greater danger behind, and that if they bad their way, no alteration should be made. " Every precaution that could be thought of," says Mr. Saunders, " to insure punctu ality and safety, had been adopted by the Directors ; and if the control remained in his bands, he should un doubtedly adhere to the practice of placing the passen gers' trucks in luggage trains in front." Let their opinion stand as true—let it be the case that, if passengers had been' usually placed behind, the sacrifice of human life would have been yet more frightful—let it be true that the Directors have adopted every precaution they could think of to insure punctuality and safety—what follows, or seems to follow, according to these witnesses? Simply this— that we are quietly to sit down and resign ourselves to the periodic occurrence of such catastrophes as this. more or less. No admission is made that any thorou g h change of system is desirable—that the times of start ing or the relative velocities of trains should be altered, is order to obviate the necessity of these collisions, which, it is said, if the passengers were placed behind, would have even more tremendous consequences than the present catastrophe—no suggestion of the ob vious and simple remedy recommended by ourselves amongst others, a day or two since, that without placing passengers " behind," yet still they should in no case be allowed to travel without at least one, or, if necessary to preserve human life, two or three, or half-a-dozen empty carriages between themselves and the tender. No. If the control remained in Mr. Saunders's hands, he would still " place them in front ;" and Mr. Brunel, the evening after the accident, orders the passengers' truck into the middle, only, as he says almost in so many words, by way of letting the prejudiced public have its wiil for once. This will not do. The plain common sense of the public is not to be put down by the " Pooh! pooh !" of an engineer, however able he may be in his profession ; lives must be looked after. These sacrifices to convenience of locomotion cannot, and must not, be taken quite so easily here as on the other side of the Atlantic. Least of all can they be disregarded when there is any appearance that the poor are being sacri ficed to secure comfort and expedition to the rich. And let us tell the Directors that there is such an appearance at present. We do not at all deny the right of those who manage a railway to proportion the comfort given to the price paid. Of course we do not call on them to make the lower classes so comfortable as to draw passengers from the higher, though even here Mr. Crawshay's proposed infusion of chimney sweeps, and the arbitrary rules which seem made to inflict inconvenience on the cheaper class of travel lors, are rather more than we can stomach. It is one thing to give to each passenger as much, and not more convenience than his payment may fairly claim, and quite another to have recourse to a sys tem of deliberate, wanton, and insulting persecu tion—for the meaning of Mr. Crawshay's proposal is nothing else—of those who only pay what they can. But the worst of these petty means of annoyance are as nothing when compared with that carelessness of the actual personal safety of either class of travellers which is implied in the alternative which Mr. Brunel coolly leaves for them, of being crushed by the luggage o r by the first class train. A n d this commentary might be extended to the surveyor's instructions, who is bound only to see that all is safe and clear for the six o'clock (fast) train ; when a visit paid but half an hour earlier would have done the same good office for those who have so dreadfully suffered from the want of it. The agents of the Railroad Company are anxious to show that there is no negligence in the particular case. So much the worse ; the fault then must be in the system. If under the present system no precautions could have avoided the accident, no pre cautions can avoid it for the future, none at least that the managers can imagine. A pretty avowal for those to whose right management the lives of so many thou sands are from time to time intrusted. By some change or other they must be prevented, and if this cannot be effected by small changes, it must be by great, even thou g h the nonchalent Mr. Brunel's engines have to travel fi ve m il es an h out s l ower, or Mr. Brunel ' s em 1310ayers to start two t ra i ns p er di em th e l ess , f or i t. Th e m t punctuality, fhor r nalg eetupaalritt ers of th e G reat W estern d eserve great credit y , the o f their comfort o arrangements.ftheir first-cla ss r l s ' t h - e cl ir a ssgp car-ee heir ridges, the ease of their motion, are all the result of able management and wellaiudgad expenditure. But all tvoegrethe-r may be rated too dear, and into ngr satpecudotm petition with the lives of our - creatures. Y much too dear, when the re n cv ,: y rd b% so soon expected. broughtt t l i : e e y s e t a h r e i creatures. We n w ee h d en no t t i , ,, fatigue ourselves however, e ve e r iectual remedy of ltevgitihslamtieorne 7:l2:At i t M.ORNING S.UN THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 31, IS4I An enviable distinction awaits the man, or the body of men, who shall place the question of Free Trade beyond the pale of politieal faction. This achievement may be yours! You have been compelled, without distinction of party, to reduce the rate of wages paid to your workmen. Think ! if it be not your duty to deliberate upon that system of commer cial policy which presses you down upon the operative, and compels you to diminish his hard earnings? Never must it be said that you cannot suspend party animosities more readily to improve than to impair the condition of your depen dants. Let your regard for their welfare constrain you to 'met without distinction of party to confer together upon a subject in,which you are all equally interested. Banish from your counsels every party predilection. Let no man's opinions upon Church or State policy be invaded or compromised. Regard him as a traitor to your interests and his own, who, at such a conference, shall breathe a syllable about Tory, Whig, or Radical. In a word, enter upon the consideration of the question of protection in the same dispassionate temper in which you deliberate each in his own concern upon the rate of wages, and you will separate in one mind upon the sub ject. Thenceforth we should be united as a trading community upon commercial matters, although sepa rated into parties as before upon other public ques tions. Political contests might still be waged amongst us, but the combatants would range themselves under banners bearing the same motto of—Free Trade and no Monopoly. Mr. Cobden concluded by eloquently call ing on the other manufacturers to unite for their own protection. MODE OF RECEPTION IN TO THE ORDER OF THE TEMPLE. Being asked as to the mode of his reception, he states that when William de la More, the Master, held his chapter at the Preceptory of Temple Bruyero in the county of Lincoln, he sought of the assembled brethren the habit and the fellowship of the order ; that they told him that he little knew what it was he asked, in seeking to be admitted to their fellowship ; that it would be a very hard matter for him, who was then his own master, to become the servant of another, and to have no will of his own ; but, notwithstanding their represen tations of the rigour of their rules and observances, be still continued earnestly to seek their habit and fellow ship. He states that they then led him to the chamber of the Master, where they held their chapter, and that there, on his bonded knees, and, with big bands clasped, he ag.in preyed - for - the - habit end the fellowship of the Temple ; that the Master and brethren th en required him to answe r ques ti ons t o t h e f o ll ow i ng effect :—Whe thee he bad a dispute with any man, or owed any debts ? whether he was betrothed to any woman ? and whether he had any secret infirmity of body? or knew of any thing to prevent him from remaining within the bosom of the fraternity ? And having answered all these ques tions satisfactorily, the Master then asked of the sur rounding brethren, " Do ye give your consent to the reception of brother Walter ?" who unanimously au swered that they did ; and the Master and the brethren then standing up, received him, the said Walter, in this manner :—On his bended knees, and with his hands joined, he solemnly promised that he would be the per petual servant of the Master, and of the order, and of the brethren, for the purpose of defending the Holy Land. Having done this, the Master took out of the hands of a brother chaplain of the order the book of the Holy Gospels, upon which was depicted a cross, and laying his hands upon the book and upon the cross, he swore to God and the blessed Virgin Mary to be for ever thereafter chaste, obedient, and to live without pro perty. And then the Master gave to him the white mantle, and placed the coif upon his head, and admitted him to the kiss on the mouth, after which he made him sit down on the ground,"and admonished him to the fol lowing effect : that from thenceforth he was to sleep in his shirt, drawers, and stockings, girded with a small cord over his shirt ; that he was never to tarry in a house where there was a woman in the family way ; never to be present at a marriage, nor at the purification of wo men ; and likewise instructed and informed him upon several other particulars. Being asked where he bad passed his time since his reception, he replied that he had dwelt three years at the preceptory of Blancradok in Scotland ; three years at Temple Newsom in Eng land ; one year at the 'Temple at London ; and three years at Aslakeby.—Addisorr's History of the Knights Templars. ASSOCIATION FOR THE RELIEF OF THE POOR OF THE CITY OF LONDON, AND PARTS ADJACENT.—GOALS AND PO TATOES FOR THE POOR. Yesterday the Committee of this most excellent Insti tution, which renders the most valuable assistance to the poor every winter, assembled at the Mansion-house ; Alderman Kelly in the chair. The CHAIRMAN said the general distress throughout the metropolis required that the friends of humanity shoiild assemble in numberless Committees for the pur pose of more effectually assisting the industrious poor, now that a severe season might be reasonably expected to set in. The opening of the City Kitchen, in New street, Blackfriars, on last Monday week, hi already contributed, in no small degree, by the issue cl tickets, to relieve the distress of many families, who r.. 0„ red, by the arrangements made for their benefit colt)! s a id pota toes at a very low price indeed.—(Hear, ar )He felt great pleasure in stating, that since the ) c ur ifpittee had last assembled, he had received from the Goldsetths' Company 30 guineas, from th e Mercers' Company 26 guiaeas, from Messrs. Truman and Hanbus y 10 gu ineas, from M. La Forest 5 guineas, besides many sui ller contributions.- (Cheers.) Alderman GIBBS announced that besides the surr above-mentioned, Messrs. Willis and C',l o . had sent t ) the charity 101. 10s., Messrs. Barclay, Perkins, and Co:; bad sent 101. 10s., and Messrs. Whitbreld and Co., had sent 15/. 155., and Alderman Kelly h s d paid in his annual subscription of Si. ss.—(Cheers.) It appears that last year the distribufion of coals and potatoes commenced eight days later 'than it has com menced in the present, and that during the interval be tween that time and the 22d of March, 22,516 bushels of coals and 268,992 pounds of potatoes were delivered to the poor applicants by tickets from thesubscribers. The Committee consists of the following gentlemen besides the Lord Mayor the Pr' ~! int, and Alderman Kelly the Vice-President and Treat , r :—Alderman Wil son, Alderman Gibbs, Rev. John L ding, A.M., Mr. B. Farrand, Mr. Dorneford, Mr. Hartoell, Deputy West wood, Mr. Simpson, Mr. J. Farrard, Mr. T. Lott, and Mr. J. Phipp, all of whom had actively engaged in ren dering the charity as serviceable as possible. The Committee, which receives vast assistance from the benevolent exertions of the Lsrd Mayor, adjourned till Thursday next, when they wi l l assemble at the Man sion House. In addition to the other candidates for the City Pleailership, Mr. Thomas has,. we understand, been pro posed by his friends. NEW POST-OFFICE 'ARRA NGEMENT.—Yes terday afternoon, for the first time, a plate with the words " Post-office," and the number Of the house, in black letters, were affixed on the lamp-posts, and other most convenient places, as near a s thepossibleato late s w e v a e k r e a 1 rien ceiving-houses in the metropolis. waggish f e llo w tiedthei DISGRACEFUL count ry, c S o G r cord secretly e C c a r Es e Fh t l y rLt t o wayfr th ß e f i c i r neck of telti a e a number of young men and women present were goino on merrily with some sport, the wag pulled the cord', when the corpse started up in the bed, making the clothes to fly off ; the whole party rushed to the door, crying for mercy upon them, and knocking each other over in the hurry, when at length some people came to their assis tance, who afterwards discovered the cause of their ter ror.—Perth Courler same price as that paid to you by the foreigner ; they pay you the same amount in money only for a piece of cotton which the German or American pays, whilst you are compelled by law to give them 40 per cent. more money for their corn than you might buy it for in Ger. many or America. Above all, Gentlemen, remember that your work people are compelled to compete with the foreign arti san, although their food costs them 40 per cent. more than the price paid by the latter. There is no protec tion for your operatives. The law which raises the price of their bread does not enhance the value of their labour. The manufacturer and spinner abroad buy their cotton at the same price as yourselves ; they sell their goods in the neutral markets alongside your own. It is obvious, then, that your operatives must produce as cheaply as the foreigner. How is this effected ? By greater toil, activity, and skill ; by doubling their spinning frames, increasing their speed, and every other expedient which gives augmented value to their labour. Still we are told that the English workman earns higher money wages than his Continental competitor. True, and we have seen how he does so ; if he did not, he would fail to secure an equal quantity of food. But they who tell us that wages are lower on the Continent than in England, because the a eekly earnings there are less, forget alto. gether to take into account the difference in the quality of the workmen. If we would make a fair comparison between the wages of the English and the foreign artisan, we must consider not only;the time they work, but compare the result of their labour. If measured by this standard, the English operative will be found to be the cheapest workman in Europe. If you will examine the subject dispassionately, and with the same absence of party political feeling with which you adjust the rate of wages, you will arrive at the unanimous conviction that you are the victims of partial legislation ; and you will feel that your duty to yourselves, your dependents, and your country, calls upon you to unite in a struggle to secure the un doubted birthright of Englishmen--Equal laws. You are not required to enter upon a contest for the triumph of this or that political party, to seek constitutional changes, or to array yourselves against the authority of the executive Government ; you are merely called upon to endeavour to place yourselves upon an equality, before the laws, with a body of your fellow-subjects who have, by their influence over the legislature. encroached upon your rightful interest. Contests like this, between different bodies of citizens, must often occur in every free country ; and it is only by keeping a vigilant guard over their own interest that the different sections of such a community as ours can long preserve themselves from injustice. REVELATIONS (From the Edinburgh Observer.) Thus companioned together, the letter of Mr. Hamil ton and the Statement by the Committee, are circu lated far and wide among the elect in all parts of the Church—but the Statement alone (of course) sent to the Government, and among Members of Parlia ment—and all this was done without the knowledge or consent of the Committee from which it professes to emanate! It was taken for granted by the dictators, that all was sure, safe, and right, and that none of the members of Committee would think of questioning the " absolute wisdom" of the whole concern. A meeting was held at which it was proposed to ap prove of the Statement ; but this was a little too much even for Non-Intrusion stomachs. A rebellion arose—a warm discussion—a dissent taken by one or more—and quite a hurricane has been raised throughout the ranks, both in the Committee and be 3ond it. What the issue of the schism may be we neither know nor care ; but we are well assured that this same Statement has gone forth as the approved document of a Committee who had never been con sulted about it, and some members of which highly disapprove of it. As to Mr. Hamilton's letter, we opine that it is the handiwork of the Seiect Committee—and that some members of the General Committee will see it for the first time when they read it in our columns. And with these explanatory remarks, we leave the epistle to tell its own tale : (PRIVATE.) "3, Northumberland -street, Edinburgh, Dec. 14. " Dear Sir—l inclose a copy of a Statement' which as just been despatched to the members of the Cabi net, and which we are anxious should be put into the hands of all our brethren and friends as speedily as pos sible. It has been prepared with the utmost care, and we hope that it will meet the views of all our friends, and that they will be ready to take up their ground, upon the basis which it lays down, and there stand firm and united. When you have read it, pray write me your opinion, and consider of the means of having it forthwith in the hands of all in your quarter of the coun try. Copies will be sent in any number, and on that sub ject you may either write me, or to Messrs. Dalmahoy and Wood, 69, Queen-street. " With respect to the intentions of Government, we have no official information. %Ve have, however, strong reasons to apprehend, Ist, That their present intention is to propose and force through a measure having all the essential defects of the measure which you will find de scribed in the Statement,' pp. 17-20 ; and, 2dly, That they may peremptorily insist on the re.toration of the Strathbogie ministers, &c. In these circumstances you will see the absolute necessity of losing no time in, Ist, uniting all the brethren as one man, and, 2,dly, securing for ourse!ves the intelligent and steadfast support of the people. With regard to the union of the brethren, we hope the Statement' may be of essential service, and, corn• Lined with occasional meetings for conference, may effec tually attain the object. " An to the people again (who are not less important) the plan is to avoid, unless where necessary, the hold ing of any public meetings for mere excitement, but that each individual minister, supported by his friendly elders, should summon for a week-day or week-day evening a meeting of the congregation, and there explain quietly to them the great principles and interests at stake in the present controversy ; and invite them to form themselves into an association in support cf the Church, and of her great principles. Previous arrange ments having been made, and the proper collecting books (which may be furnished in any quantity) having been provided, the people are then invited to become subscribers of a penny a fortnight (or more if they can afford it) to the good cause ; and the association is im mediately set to work. In order to keep alive and in crease the intell:gent interest, arrangements must also he made for circulating to every hand, all the tracts and other publications that are found suitable. ; and still farther, the minister should give a short series of two, three, or four lectures, expounding the principles out of Scripture, and by Scripture history and example, very much as he would expound any other essential doctrines of the Bible. In these exercises, as well as at the forma tion of the Association, he may, if necessary, have the assistance of one clerical friend. Besides the tracts already published, others will soon follow, and there will be no lack, in a short time, of abundance of exciting in formation and discussion. But it is of great importance to have all the Associations formed, and the principles calmly expounded to, and instilled into, the people, before the excitement and agitation have commenced. " Tke formation of thosa associations is going on ra pidly here. Dr. Gordon and Mr. Buchanan arc to form one in the High Church next week ; and all the others who have not preceded will immediately follow. lam told by those who have already formed them, that no thing can be simpler. Besides the friendly elders, a se lection should be made of other steady and intelligent individuals, including some labourers and working men, to be members of the Committee, so as to diffuse the in- terest more effectually throughout the mass. ^ The peo ple are found to go into the scheme heartily and at once ; and, independently of still more important ob jects, a very large aggregate sum will be collected to defray the local and general expenses. I understand it is considered an essential part of the scheme that (whatever it may cost) some paid individual must he secured to look after the reguhr distribution of the tracts, and the collection of the money. " I ern not aware what is the state of organization in your district, but you have already received communi cations on the subject from this quarter. I have written in similar terms to various individuals in differ. ent parts of the country ; and I have ventured to ad dress you among others, in the hope that you will see the importance of getting the brethren in your quarter together, and taking instant steps for carrying out the above plans. Pray, have the goodness to write me what ... occurs to you, and what you contemplate doing. - Messrs. Dalmahoy and Wood will take charge of all details ; but anything you mention to me I will communicate to them. I4wave marked this letter private that you may not communicate its contents to any but assured friends, and to let you understand that all publicity is to be avoided, and that it is not to be.considered on any part as official. " I be g you to excuse my empl o yi ng th e h an d o f an other, as l had no choice, but either to do so or omit writing these letters altogethetrA copy of the ' State ment' will be despatched in , a few days, by post, direct to every friendly clergyman throughout the country; but you may have copies in any quantities you may de sire. I have written in similar terms to and —, 'Jut not to any other person in your quai ter of the country. Hoping to hear from you,—l remain, dear Sir, your's very faithfully, (Signed) " J. HAMILTON. " P.S. The only effectual means for setting the plan into immediate operation in all places, is that a few in fluential ministers, at each central point, should divide the surrounding country into districts, each containing a Presbytery or more, and that each of these individuals should devote a week (from Sunday to Sunday) in going over his allotted district, and visiting every Minister at his :fl'in house, or several at a time, if they can be con veniently got together, and thus infuse into the minds of each the proper spirit, and explain the proper mode of procedure." DIED.—At Newton -Stewart, on the 20th inst., Mr. A. M'Dowall, well-know in Galloway, as " Will Wander," the poet of Cree, the father of Dr. P. M. M`Dowall, the great advocate of the " People's Charter." —Ayr Observer, Ttie leaders of the Non-Intrusionists (as Ise ha; e often asserted) have long • cherished a scheme of mar shalling the masses into a power which, under their guidance, they anticipated would enable them to carry into effect their schemes of clerical ambition, by over awing and bullying the constituted authorities of the land. Amongst the many devices to which they have resorted for this pious purpose, some of these leaders, who are officials of a Committee of the General As sembly, recently concocted a " Statement respecting t the. Non-Intrusion principle," &c , and along with this a circular letter for the special information of their own devoted supporters and tools all over the country ; and this letter was intended only and exclusively for the initiated. By some strange mistake, however, one of these circulars, along with a copy of the statement (to which we shall advert anon), was addressed to a Reve rend Gentleman who happens to be decidedly opposed to the said clique —was transmitted through the Post Office —and duly delivered as addressed, at the quiet rural manse of a Moderate Minister. He opened the packet, and, with more of indignation than surprise, perused the contents ; and, being completely unfettered by any obligation to secresy—(which could not without his consent be imposed upon him)—he felt it his duty to give it publicity in a wider circle than seems to have been intended by its authors. Hence we are enabled to lay the subjoined document hetbre the public ; and of its contents, we doubt not the public will judge righteous judgment. Its object is the formation of a formidable and widely ramified conspiracy against the peace and good order of society ; and if proof were needed of the perilous objects of these ecclesiastical revolutionists, that proof is fully afforded in the Jesuitical production which is subjoined. It bears the signature of Mr. John Hamilton, advocate—the Secretary of the Non- Intrusion Committee of the General Assembly, and the select Ambassador and Coryphteus of that party in all their " negotiations " and " centendings," and may, therefore, be regarded as emanating from the dic tators in that cabal. So much for the letter ; and now for the statement sent along with it. This " Statement respecting the Non Intrusion prin ciple of the Church of Scotland, and the modes of its legislative recognition," purports, on its title-page, to be " respectfully submitted to the Members of her Ma jesty's Government, by the Non-Intrusion Committee appointed by the General Assembly of the Church ; and at the end it is said to be " Signed by appointment, Ro bert Gordon, D.D., Moderator of the General Assem bly of the :Church of Scotland, and Convener of the Non-Intrusion Committee." LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, Dec. 30. IN TUE NATTER OF BRIOK V. BROOK. The bankrupts were ex tem,ive drapers, carrying on business in Stourbridge, and appeared in Court on the proof of debts and choice of assignees. Debts having been proved to the amount of about 2,500 L, in which was one proof by the bankrupt's brother for 1,059/., and another proof tendered by the trustees of their mother in a certain property, in which they possessed a reversionary interest for 1,000/., Messrs. George Moore, of Cheapside, laceman, and \Volfrey Middleditch, of St. Paul's Church-yard, warehouseman, were appointed assignees. INSOLVENT DEBTOR.S" COURT, Dec. 30. IN RE TILE REV. WILLIAM DAY. Mr. WooDRoFFE moved for a re-assignment in this case. The grounds upon which the Learned Gentleman rested his motion were certain affidavits and documents, drawn up by Mr. Lamb, who audited the accounts. The insolvent had some time since passed through this Court, owing debts to the amount of 585/. 1 ls. 2(1., and his assets had since been made available for 1,201/. 11s. 2d., so that, after paying each creditor 20s. in the pound, a balance of 706/. stood in Court in favour of the insolvent. Mr. Commissioner BowEN—Has the money been paid to the crediters yet ? Mr. Woodrol% believed not ; but that he considered to be immaterial, as the money was in the hands of trustees for the benefit of the creditors, and that had been decided in the case of " Jephson" to be sufficient. Mr. Commissioner BowEN said there could he no moral doubt but that the Rev. Gentleman had paid all his cre ditors in full; however, there must be legal proof, in the obtaining, of which he thought there could be little diffi culty or inconvenience, and when that was acquired he should at once accede to the motion. IN RE THE REV. WILLIAM BAILEY. Mr. WoonnoFFE made an application to the Court to set aside the assigneeship in the present insolvency. It appeared that the insolvent was the clergyman of a chapel of ease at Tonbridge Wells, and that Mrs. Bailey, who was possessed of large landed property in Kent, endowed it very liberally, and paid 3001. for an organ, stipulating, at the same time, that the insolvent should be appointed to the ministry of the chapel. The church was subsequently sold, and assignees appointed at the time of the passing of the insolvent. A sum of 4801. appeared over and above the surplus fund of the church, available to the private creditors of the insolvent, and this application was made to remove the present as ignees, who were persons intimately and directly con nected with the said chapel of ease, and to appoint per sons totally unconnected with it. The consent of cre ditors to the amount of 1,6001. had been obtained to the removal of the present assignees, and he therefore moved for a rule to show cause why the appointment should not be set aside. Mr. Commissioner REYNOLDS—Take a rule nisi. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION -HOUSE. A man of respectable appearance and address, named Thomas Barker, was brought up for final examination on several charges of embezzlement. More than usual in terest was excited by the accusations, as the prisoner had been for several years in the employment of the prose cutor, whom, it had been ascertained, he had been plun dering from the first few months of his engagement. Mr. George Kent, wholesale brush manufacturer, in Falcon -street, Falcon-square, stated that the prisoner had been in his service about nine years as a collecting clerk, and in that capacity was employed to receive the amount of bills from the various customers of the house. Of late witness had reason to suspect that the prisoner had not duly accounted for all the cash received by him, and, on making inquiries, and application to Messrs. Batty and Co., to Mr. Tozer, and to Messrs. Potts and Nicholson, found in their possession receipts in the hand writing of the prisoner for different sums of money paid to him on account of the house, none of which had been paid over to witness, nor in anv way at all accounted for. Alderman WILSON—What do you suppose to be the amount of the money embezzled ? Mr. Kent—At pre sent I have reason to believe that his defalcations amount to upwards of 7001. Alderman Witsos—How long do you suppose this system of plunder has been going on ? Mr. Kent said he had every reason to believe that this prisoner com menced upon getting into the situation, and that the plunder was carrietion by means of a variety of inge nious excuses and contrivances. Mr. Robert Feast, a partner in the firm of Messrs. Batty and Co., of Finsbury Pavement, oilman, stated that he dealt with Mr. Kent for goods in his trade ; that on the 20th of October last the prisoner called at his shop and presented an account, on settlement of which witness paid him the sum of Si. 15s. 61. The prisoner wrote the receipt to the account in his presence. Alderman WILSON—Had you long known the pri soner in the employment of Mr. Kent ? Witness—Yes, for a considerable time, and he seemed to understand his business well. Mr. William Tozer, an oil-merchant, carrying on busi ness in llalfmoon-street, Bishopsgate, stated that he was in the habit of purchasing goods of Mr. K en t, th e prose cutor, and of paying for them when the prisoner called upon him as collecting clerk of that gentleman. On the Ist of May, 1841, witness paid the prisoner, on account of Mr. Kent, the sum of a 45., and took the receipt, which the prisoner signed in his presence. On the 4th of September, 1841, he paid the prisoner, on account of Mr. Kent, the sum of 81. 14s. 6d., for which a receipt was also written by the prisoner, in his presence. Mr. George Lovell, clerk to Messrs. Potts and Nichol son, of 63, Queen-street, Cheapside, lead and colour merchants; stated that his employers occasionally pur chased goods from the prosecutor. On the Ist May last, the prisoner received liar his employers from one of the Limn, in witness's presence, the sum of 18/. 75 , in settle ment of an account, and signed a receipt for the amount. Mr. John James Kent, wholesale brush-maker, No. 11, Great Marlharough-street, stated that he was brother to the prosecutor, and had been in the habit of attending at the prosecutor's request on certain days every week, to receive, from the prisoner and others, cash received by the prisoner as collecting clerk, whose duty it was to pay over all such moneys to witness or his brother, and to no one else. Witness had examined the cash-book, and found that none of the sums of money specified in the above evidence were entered, and be could positively swear_ that the prisoner had not paid over any part of them to him, or in any way accounted for them. • Alderman WILSON—What salary was the prisoner paid? Witness—My brother paid him 150/. a year. Alderman WiLsos—Does the prisoner wish to say anything? Prisoner—l admit that the receipts are mine. Alderman WILSON said be had no doubt that the pri soner would plead guilty, in the expectation that he should get off wills a slight p un i s h ment, as no inquiry was likely to be made under such circumstances. Ile hoped, however, that so finished a criminal would not be allowed to remain any longer in this country, and, in order to rid society of such a deliberate and systematic depredator, it would be necessary for Mr. Kent to accu mulate charges against him, in order to show that the case was no ordinary one. The prosecutor assured the Alderman that he should take particular care to state all the facts on the trial, and that he should indict the prisoner upon six different de falcations, in order to convince the Judge that an ex ample was necessary. The prisoner was committed for trial. UNION -HALL. Jame' s Atkinson, alias Aldridge, was charged with being at large in this country after h av i ng b een transported for life. t appeared that the prisoner was tried and con victed of house-breaking at the Surrey Assizes of 1828. Sentence of death was recorded against him, which was subsequently converted into banishment for life, and he was conveyed on board the convict ship at Chatham, from which, however, it is now suspected he made his escape. The apprehension of the prisoner on the present charge arose out of a quarrel that occurred between him and his brother, in the height of which the latter went to the station-house, and gave such information as led to his being taken into custody. When the prisoner was secured there was evidence of his not having forgotten his old practices, for there was found in his possession a complete set of ingeniously -constructed skeleton keys for opening locks of all descriptions. When brought before the Magistrate, the prisoner de clared that the policemen were wrong in Isis identity, and that he was not the man alluded to, and that he was never tried for any offence, much less transported for life. Burridge, the chief usher, referred to the minute-book of charges taken at the Court in 1828, and found it con tain the committal of James Atkinson for burglary in 1828, to the Surrey Assizes. One of the turnkeys of the county gaol identified the prisoner as the man who was convicted and sentenced to transportation for life, at the Surrey Assizes in the above year. The witness added, that he accompanied the van of convicts, amongst which was the prisoner, from the county gaol to Chatham, and that although it was so many years ago, still he had a perfect recollection of him. The prisoner was then committed. WORSHIP- STREET. John Atkins, a young fellow of daring aspect, was charged with having feloniously entered the house of Mrs. Elizabeth Barber, a widow, residing in Pearson street, Kingsland-road. It appeared that at eight o'clock on the preceding evening the father of the prosecutrix, an infirm old man, had occasion to go into one of the bed-rooms, when he observed that the window was open, and apprehending that thieves were in the house, he called out for assist ance. The only other persons in the house were a young woman named Ellen Lee, and a little girl, the daughter of the prosecutrix, who hastened down stairs, and on reaching the chamber the girl Lee found the pri soner concealed under the bed. With:the assistance of the old man, she endeavoured to secure the prisoner ; but he broke away from them, and was making to wards the door, when the young woman ran after ' him and seized him by the collar. The prisoner made desperate efforts to release himself from her grasp, 1 but she retained a firm hold of hint, and she h a d b ecome I almost exhausted when two men opportunely arrived, and the prisoner was given into custody. A large bundle, containing blankets, sheets, and other property, which the prisoner had tied up ready for removal, was found in the room. Sergeant Palmer stated that tin' prisoner had been re peatedly in custody on charges of felony, and was com mitted for three months a short time ago fur stealing a quantity or cigars, Mr. Bus;c y_tx commended the young woman for the spirited self possession she had displayed in the matter, and said he should commit the prisoner for trial. WANDSWORTH POLICE. Thomas Seaward appeared upon a summons charging him with cruelly ill-treating a pony, the property of Mr. Avis, the landlord of the Six Bells Tavern, Putney. The deft ndant pleaded guilty. The circumstances of the case were these :—Mr. Avis bad a pony which was now upwards of thirty years of age. The defendant was servant of all work at Mr. Avis's, and it was part of his duty to feed and groom the pony. On the lith instant the defendant was in the stable with - GREENWICH POLICE. Wednesday Mr. Walford, the medical attendant of Mrs. Maria Robinson, attended before Mr. Jeremy, agreeably to the Magistrate's desire, to give evidence in the charge made against W. Robinson of having administered poison to his wife. The prisoner was not placed at the bar, the Magistrate remanding the case until Monday, but in consequence of the low state in which Mrs. Robinson was described to be, Mr. Jeremy proceeded to the house of the unfortunate woman, in North Pole-place, Greenwich. In answer to the question of the Magistrate, she stated that her hus band had made her some gin and water on the Sunday, telling her it would compose her. He boiled the water in a saucepan on the fire, and put the gin in afterwards. As soon as she tasted it she discovered a singular taste in the mixture, which caused her to inquire, " What is this ?" The prisoner made no answer, but shortly left the room, when she contrived to get up and lock the liquid in a drawer. It was afterwards shown by her sister to Mr. Riches. Mr. JEREMY inquired who took the cup to Mr. Riches. Mrs. Robinson, who answered with great difficulty, replied that Mr. Whetherhall, the landlord of the house, emptied the contents of the saucepan into a cup, and sent his daughter with it to Mr. Riches. Mrs. Robinson further declared, that she believed she should not recover from her illness, and with this con viction upon her mind, and the knowledge that she must soon appear before God, she could affirm with truth that what she had stated of the matter was correct. Mr. JEREMY told her he did not wish unnecessarily to distress her, but it would be necessary for the ends of justice that she should swear to the truth of her state ment in the presence of the prisoner. The Magistrate then left the house, postponing the further examination of the case until Monday. CORONER'S INQUEST. An inquest was held yesterday at the Globe, New Compton-street, Soho, on the body of Milanie Excof fon, aged 14 years. Francois Excoffon, joiner, of 20, St. Martin's.court, Leicester-square, a native of Switzerland, was exa mined through the medium of an interpreter, and stated that the deceased was his daughter. She went with him, about three o'clock on Sunday afternoon, to 73, New Compton-street, for some of his tools which he bad left in the kitchen. Whilst he was collecting his tools the deceased drank something out of a bottle which she had taken out of a drawer, and immediately after complained of a burning pain in her stomach. He gave her some water, and she became sick and fell on the floor. He then tasted what was in the bottle, and shortly afterwards fell down in a state of insensibi lity. He had since been informed that the bottle con tained essential oil of bitter almonds. Francois Gravies, of 12, John-street, Hackney-fields, gardener, stated that he called at 73, New Compton street, about half-past three o'clock on Sunday after noon, and after having tappet twice at the window, ho looked into the kitchen, and saw the last witness craw ing on his bands and knees towards the door, which was opened by a young woman. On going into the kitchen he sass the deceased lying on the floor. She was quite dead, and her father was lying near her in a state of insensibility. He was immediately taken to Charing-cross Hospital, and did not recover his sense: until Monday evening. Verdict—" Died from having incautiously taken essential oil of bitter almonds." MANUFACTURERS VERSUS LAND 0 WNERS. Mr. Cobden has addressed a letter to the manufac urers, mill-owners, and other capitalists, of every shade of political opinion, engaged in the various branches of the cotton trade, in the district of which Manchester is the eentre, of which the following is a copious extract:— " You have been compelled to adjust the price of la bour to the market price of its products ; in other words, you have reduced the wages of your operatives, in consequence of the diminished value of your manufac tures. However deeply to be regretted, this is not to me an unexpected occurrence ; for when I look around and find that many employers are ruined, and that the remainder have been carrying on their business for some years at a sacrifice, I know that great privations and sufferings must in consequence fall upon the working population. Still, you have had to per form an irksome and distressing task —one, too, that always entails, however undeservedly, a large amount of odium on a master. Through your agency the incomes of your dependants have been curtailed, a diminution of their comforts must follow, even a restriction in the quantity of their food will in some cases be the consequence ; whilst young children, de prived of education, will be forced to labour still more prematurely to eke out the pittance of their parents. Contentment and cheerfulness will, thus be banished fr. m your industrious neighbours' homes, and they will ba filled with sorrow and disaffeetjoatt.. I -kaow that you are not the willing, or . tbe interested author s .of these evils. I know that, as a class, your sufferings are as severe as those of the working population, and that the interests of both are indissoluble. So far from low wages being the concomitant of high profits, your greatest prosperity has always been accompanied with the most liberal and satisfactory remuneration of your workpeople. Since 1835, the scale of earnings has been considerably reduced ; would you not gladly ex change your present trade for the business and wages of the above year ? But, still, let me press upon your attention the fact that you are made the involuntary instruments of in dicting great privations and sufferings upon your work people ; and itis on this ground that I venture to en treat you to institute an inquiry, in the same calm, business-like spirit, and the same absence of partisan ship with which you regulate the wages of your opera tives, into the remote causes which force you to a re duction of wages. I beg that you will analyze the meaning of this word "protection ;" and the two ques tions which I would in the first place submit for your consideration are—What protection have the cotton spinners and manufacturers by law for the prices of their productions? and what legal protection have the operatives for the value of their labour? Your whole case depends upon the answers to these questions ; and Lord Stanley answered them at Lancaster, by admit ting that you have no protection. He added, more over, that " the cotton trade required no protection." There his Lordship was in error . ; for you will find that it requires to be protected against that system of legis lation which cripples it with restrictions and prohibi tions, and taxes the food of its operatives, for the pro tection of the proprietors of farming land. It needs only this protection to ensure its prosperity. During the last four years, bread and provisions have been dearer than for any similar consecutive period for a quarter of a century, and, whilst the value of agri cultural lands and rents have been rising in proportion, your fixed capital has depreciated in value nearly one half, the wages of labour have suffered a diminution, and great numbers of the operatives are now unem ployed. Take an individual instance of the depre ciation in the value of property in Stockport. I allude to the case of Mr. ----, with which some of you are familiar. After thirty years of incessant industry, ho had accumulated property in mills, machinery, houses, cottages, and building land, esti mated six years ago at tl,e value of upwards of 100,0001. He is now penniless. The property had been ,mort gaged for 1.5,000/., and such is its depreciation, that it is doubtful if the mortgagee could at this moment be fully repaid. Had that capital been invested in farm ing land, its value would have been sustained by Act of Parliament. But I put it to you, gentlemen, in the face of these facts, what protection has the manufacturer or spinner ? do not expect that the advocates of the food mono poly will in future urge the argument, that land is ex clusively and unduly taxed, for - it has led to the develop ment of facts which they would have done wisely to have concealed. Let me, however, recommend one item for your consideration. The land-tax* in England, the only direct and exclusive impost paid by our landowners, amounts to about 1,200,0001. per annum, and, including the amount redeemed, it forms only a thirtieth of our whole taxation ; whilst in France, Austria, Prussia, and Italy the land contributes one-half of the entire reve nue, and if the landowners of this kingdom were the proprietors of oblates of equal value in either of those countries, they would be taxed at least twenty millions sterling a year for the service of the State. You will find, on investigation, that, so far from the landed pro prietors of England being more heavily taxed than the manufacturing population, "no other country in Eu rope," to quote the words of Mr. Huskissoo, " has so large a proportion Of its taxation bearing directly upon the incomes of labour and productive capital." Why, thee, should not the British agriculturist be equally able now, as seventy years ago, to compete with the foreigner, provid e d hi s rent should be fully adjusted ? Why should it not be as much in,his power as yours to meet competitio n abroad, seeing that you are the more heavily taxed of the two ? But be is no longer called upon to se e k hi s cus t omers abroad. Recollect that the owners of farming land in this country have the enviable advantage of possessing a market for their produce at their own doors, whereas their foreign competitors must . pay, on an average, 10g. a quarter for freight and expenses, before they can land their grain upon our shores.. On the other hand, bear in mind that you are obliged to send abroad - three-fourths of the cotton spun and inanufactured, because you cannot find a market for it at home. You are compelled to meet your foreign rivals at their own doors, after paying freight, expenses, and their import duty. Again, do not forget that the goods you sell in the home market are purchased by the landowners at the * Properly speaking, there is no tax upon the land of this country. Ihe land-tax, so called, is merely a rent charge payable to the State, in commutation of services previously rendered to the Crown. The land-tax is a condition of the tenure of land in this country. the pony, and without provocation on the poor animal's part, suddenly commenced belabouring it with the besom • handle, nor did he cease until one of those blows de prived the poor animal of part of its sight by bursting the ball of the left eye. Mr. Avis said he would not take 100 guineas for the pony ; the defendant knew his extreme partiality for the animal, and he thought he must have done it to spite him. Mr. PAYNTER fined him 20s. and costs.—The fine was immediately paid. _ _ ORNING S * • THE QUEEN'S B EICK-H OUN PS' WINDSOR, DEC. 29.—A private meet of the ROY buck-hounds, by command of Prince Albert, having been determined upon for to-day, and kept secret for the purpose of there being but few of the public present, the hounds left the kennel this morning at elevee o'clock, and proceeded to the double gates, in the Great Park, about a mile from the Castle, where they arrived, with the Noble Master, the Earl of Rosslyn, shortly ba• fore tw e l ve , as i t h a d b een previously arrange d. Her Majesty left the Castle in order to be present during the hunt, which was intended to be confined within the boundaries of the Great Park, in a carriage an d four with outride rs , atten d e d by the Countess of Sandw ich ' the Lady in w a iti ng , and • accompanied . by Lady S tan ; Tey. His Royal Highness, who " sported the scarlet, rode by the side of her Majesty's carriage. Iu another carriage and four were the Hon. Lady Caroline Somers Cocks and the Hon. Sarah Mary Cavendish, th e Maids of Honour in waiting. There were also amongst those present, connected with the Court, in a carriage and pair, and on horseback, Lord Stanley, General Sir Edward Bowater, Col. Arbuthnot, the Hon., C. A' Murray, Mr. G. E. Anso n , M a j or -G en . Wemyhe, B c C ,' There were also present Captain Seymour, Capfew Ward, some of the officers of the Blues, and 72d High' lenders, &c., &c., making it.field altogether (notwith' standing the secrecy which had been observed) of about sixty. The Denham sta g , w hi c h h a d b een b unte d duringthe past two seasons, a n d l e t out to rove at lib er ty utl r ' ng the summer, was s e le c t e d f rom t h e h er d , and the bo unds laid on at Bishopsgate, whither her Majesty and the Court proceeded to witness the sport. The stag, on going away for Cumberland.dodge , yr ° headed r ou n d aga i n t o Bi s h opsgate, procee di n g do wn the long walk, towards the Castle. It then went arid for Hardiman's-gate ; doubled to the right towards Cron' bourne, cros s in g th e L ong W a lk , ma k ing i n the direc tion of the Union Workhouse, at Old Windsor ; fr om thence it agai n ma d e towards Bishopsgate,and was talge - u e close to Cumb er l an d-l o d ge , after a very pretty . little roundabout run of a b ou t an h our . H e r h 1 0 4 . 51 ' in her carriag e , t raverse d t h e P ar k i n var i ous directions and had an exc e ll en t v i ew o f t h e w h o l e o f t h e run, withi which the Qu ee n, w h o was l oo ki ng remar k a bly and in great spi r it s , a p peare d hi g hl y delighted. Not only were the wh o l e compr i s i ng t h e fi e ld i n at the take , but her ,Majesty also, who arr i ve d at t h e L o dge e.t the very moment of the capt ure . The stag, by the Q ueen ' s comman d s, w as i nu nedietell afterwards brought t o h er M a j esty ' s carriage by the keepers, for the Queen's inspection ; the Prince, LI. Rossiya, and the M em b ers o f t h e C ourt form i ng a cite'. The Royal party then returned to the Castle. Lord Stanley, who had intended to have left the Castle in the evening, but whe remained to bunt wi th the Prince, at his Royal Highness's desire, took hiS departure, with her Ladyship, immediately after his return to Windsor. - LLO V D'S SHIPPING LONDON, DEC. 30.—Wind this day at noon, westerb% DEAL, DEC. 29.—Wind N.W.—Arrd. Shields for Jamaica ; Norna, Copenhagen for ge* -- A t LIVERPOOL, DEC. 29.—Wi n d Arrd. 08 x - T e T.' Ross, Savanilla, sailed 18th Nov.; Diana, Eldridge; chez ; Calamazoo, M'Arran, Nw Orleans, sailed 96th ult. SW. Felicity. Si nga p ore; P arker, Deme rara' 'M c* ult. Bell, New York. COWES, DEc. 29.—Arrd. 'Uruguay; Kelso; nuen°6 Ayres, and sailed f or A ntwerp ; Fortuna, Rio; f " ditto. SALCOMBE, DEC. 29.—Skl. Facility Faro. •ar OFF DARTMOUTH, DEC. 29. --Speedwell, San Lu c . PLYMOUTH, DE C . 29.—SId. M ars h a l Blucher, FaX RAMSGATE, DEC. 29.—Sid. British Queen, Wilhelrnina, St. Thomas ; Meor, Cape de Verds.. OFF DOVER, DEC. 29.—Uncle Donald, Sydney , PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 29.—Wind, N.N.lV.—Ar rd. nerva, Hottinann, Batavia, sld. Aug.stb, bound to 1 ‘ 11 " dleburg. Ski. Her Majesty's ship * Snake, Ply mouth. 0, OFF BEACHY HEAD, DEC. 28. Clementine, Breine to New Orleans, out 28 days. SCILLY, DEC 9 8 S• • - ailed Herald, Leghorn. us . WHITEHAVEN, DEC. 27.—S1d. British Queen, Anti A g LEITH, DEC. 28.—Arrd. Inconstant, LevieP SY " lja ' C.B. ; Pomona, Beveridge, Quebec. STOCKTON, Dec. 27.—A rrd. Cossack, Richebucto.c, CARDIFF, DEC. 28.—The Triton, Rees, from Queerd Mauritius, which was ashore on the bar 16th inst., was got , t he brought into the h ar b our yester d ay, a f ter discharging greater part of her cargo. CORN AVERA GJES. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OE BRITISI I cpo e it u r r :,, 01 For the Week ended Dec. 24, 1841, made up (ruin "I..i a nd arla the inspectors in the different Cities and 'fawns in ...... Wales, per Imperial Quarter, Wheat Ws 10d. 1 9ats Barley 3tls vd. l Rye AVERAGES OF THE LAST SIZ WEEKS• ' got. ._ i BO"' Week ending WHEAT. BARLEY.' OATS. I a- - ............"- in .....----••-' 0 4 . ,„ y 215.44 Ed. 40 g I f a 7 9 5 I fi9 39 sy 0 _ 0 39 0 ' - i Berens"; '' '' .... '''''''''''''' V: Nov 19 26 , Dec. 3 , 10 .. 65 11 6t 9 6.3 6 fit ry 33 4 :it). 4 31 g al 9 22 0 22 $ 22 6 2 2 2 62 10 30 21 .........2a1A2"2,15. sio: 162 9 I 3:1 51 2i 2 1 g 5 1 37 0I 36 6 17 21 s Wgt gs ,„ IMPERIAL AGGREGATE 'AVE OF II qgp lu Wheat 63s. 9d. Oats•••••-- Barley . • DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORN• . ftd " Wheat 23, Sd. 1 Oats Barley 1:11. 4d. I r_ae THE MARKE'T'S.—YESTERDAY' COLONIAL MARKET. There was little business don e , h o ld ers o f goo ds n e l being disposed to force sales, and prices were sustain, The imports were fair, and th e d e li ver i es pretty gOO- TEA MARKET. The operations in Free-trade were few, but holder s were firm, and would not sell Co m p an y' s Conga' u n " ls. 9d. cash. WHITECHAPEL HAY MARKET. the trade The market was but m o d e r a t e ly supplied ; very fair, and prices with ou t a lt era ti on . Clover, 21. 10s. to 51. 13s. ; Hay, 2/. to 41. Bs. ; St raw , IL Ws. toll . 14a. COUN TRY CORN MARKETS. ..---- 1 Fesse• Wheat. i Barley. I Oats. Beans . ....., ----- ------- H -----.--...- Per Quarter. s. to R. R. to a. iß.to s. a. to 5. ng 9B fi oston ilraintiee 52 70 27 34 p 3 20 at 38 35 91 C. ighton 63 74 81 40 23 27 3 7 - A „--;; 96 3b Cambridge — 65 g? ....,. 22 -•• ._ 1 . 9 1 40 41 Chichester 56 63 30 38 24 26 44 nu 3 46 " 40 Dunmow 5B 62 30 36 20 26 —• . 40 --- Grantham ..., 69 73 29 33 22 28 36 "-- "' Grimsby 56 74 28 33 18 21 3 6 . ‘ 4 ° ~..",; 04 Hailsham 6ll 72 33 35 ‘A L 3 33 Ilitchin 5O 73 27 35 20 w fis 34 3 45 4 31 3 5 Ipswich 6O 67. 28 :'2 21 26 —,,,, 38 8 3 34 Lewes 0 70 32 33 21 22 'LI A 6 34 6 Lynn rvi 66 t -,,,, 34 co, 26 •,... -. .... Maidstone 5O 76 36 :39 26 52 3 2 4 4 g Norwich - - 31, .... R I) e c i t a r ; d h 6 5 6 7 1 3 7 7 7 0 1 4 2 2 3 8 0 3 3 3 3 4 1 .2 2 2 5 ? Sandwich t, 2 30,2 3 m. 44 : i 44 34 1 i s til 9 4: 1 9 0 1 Inclined 57 63 32 36 24 28 40 A - 4 34 40 Wishech - 42 so . 40 Witham 161 71 29 35 24 31 3 . farmouth tlo 74 I VA, 32 24 30 40 9'. Li VERPOOL CORN MARKET.... -De c • o a9 ,1 to J O3 10A. ~ • 10 0 WHEAT, English, White, per 701 b. ... —•--- Red . 0 0 0 8 0 2cotch, Welch, and Manz ---, Irish, White 1 0 s -- ----- Red 0 1" • --- Foreign OATS, Eiglish, Welsh, and Scotch, per 451 b 2 9 q I Irish ... si 0 .-.— Foreign „, 34 ' ?ARLEY, English, Malting, per Imp. quarter... R... ., 32 '" 4 3 Scotch and Irish, pet 60Ibs. .............. ..' 4 ; ( 1 4 0 Feeding 42 0 41 ,' ( 0 ) BEANS, English, per Imperial quarter 4O 0 41 Irish, &c 40.0 4 2 0 Foreign • PEASE, English, per Imperial quarter 4l 0 4 ' , 44 0 42 : 0 Foreign 48 0 5 3 , FLotin, English, per 2801 b. AO '' 46 0 ~- 0 ,-- Irish ....... . ........... OATMEAL, English and Irish, per '24llltra .. 27 u A. 0 38 0 MI 0 33 0 '''' 0 I R N y zs t ri ,e C r olamstitetriic:i 48011). .«........ 4b o el ...•• Matz, per imperial quarter LEICESTER - SQUARE.—The enclosure, of this square is, and has long been, in a most shamefully "a' glected state. There are at the present moment bodies of several dead dogs and o f at least a dozen deua cats (skinned by some adept in the art, the bodie s b ei v i l a. tied neck and heels together), lying within a foo t o r en of the square railing,.. The state of the foot P i rr ni e . next the rails is also left in a most disgusting coluut/- PATENT LEVER WATCHES.-' —Tl ' rs can brated construction (the most accurate on which ; a °a: latest be made) is now offered at the following prices, w-th th e i n f o ur jewelled improvements, i. e. the detached escapement, holes, hand to mark the seconds, andinaiiieg time going while winding up. SILVER CASES. With double-bottomed cases, ca ed Xt3 6 PP .... 61 6 6 With hunting cases, capped GOLD CASES. Size for Ladies, with elegant gold dial..—.X l2 12 0 Ditto, in double-backed cases.. 14 1 4 0 Size for entlem S. enamelled dia1......... 13 13 0 Ditto, ost a full size, capped.... 17 1' va ri ous posvel to COD - A pamphlet, containing observations respecting tbe v' b - ot h c onstructions on which Watches are made, with the prices de• i n gold and silver cases, and a variety o f sketches of n evl be , 1 sips, which have just been completed in gold Chains, w" e:, gratis and postage fr ee , on app li ca tion by letter to ser • Co( savory , Watchmaker, 47, Cornhill , London, seven doors frou i ,Graceclurch-street. 13 IR TH S. On the 234 inst., the wife of William Henry Cara, Esq" of WoodOrd, of a daughter. On the 25th inst., in R u ssell -square, the lady of George Pa On tte 28th rboil', Esq., of nst a da ug hter b Mecklenhur - square, . -sq the lady of ff • i in g Westoii, Esq., o f a son . la dy of On the 29th inst., i n Upp er Gloucester -place , t he Captain Th ornton, R.N of a son. On the 28th in s t., a t K eg worth, Leicestershire , MA R RIRD.r James W a ll ace , of Weston-street, Pentiniville, London, to Y Frances, fecond daughter of Mr. John Roper , of Kegwortl!. _ On the 29th inst., at St. Pancras Church, William Thiclirt_ gen r F.sq., of guston- sq u a re, to Helen, youngest daug hter of the late CharPs Parbury, Esq., of Seymour-place._________ DIE. At Islington, on the 27th ins t. , of consumption , Mary, eldest daughter of the late James Thicke, Ea+ On the 22d inst., at his residence, No. 5, Brunswick -place' City...road, Mr. Andrew Ireland, aged 62, a respectable coo, mercult7-'-aveller, who for many years represented the firm of Messr,-. B. Salomons and Co., 42, Old Change, Cheap side: On the 26th of July last, at Sydney, New South Wale°, Eliza Jane, daughter of F. Parbury, Esq., aged 3. On the 25th inst., at Northampton, Mary, relict of the late W. Kerr, M. D., aged 88. Cafoline On the 26th inst., Mary Ana, the wife of Mr. J. E. of London: Printed zud Published by MUR DO YOUNG , No. 112, Strand, at The Sun Office, No. 112, Strand , ' n the Conn )01311ddlesex, Friday, December 31, 11141* 4~ sAu .Th e v, Parish " Pe r , :k a d t 4 ; 1/1 a3InE made e ar b tt e e( Cent Arm, Sitwith the B urvey or Tweli eti &A AR Te ism , t " - Rae Holt Ken tom 'Lon, Lon, Olav krt, ge, Qiie r ge' kat. ; S e . ' it!. 3', -a Ma Y Ma, ry, s a ! D P Given -ce rnbei Q4Y-one to :nt()t:sl u bee n r! : t et ; ail:: : : : etdie e l. to 4: eh WI ti .. 8 1 s t . o rthc, ir t l; fi ec c 011 tO ll ti t t 7, 4.Sleser s . ,eat eh, ,t2!thtni ti v 1), - ,_• , Y and t Octv— -IP.n cc 4, eve u th e irra , usual r %XI tr