The Sun. — London, England, 1841-07-22 00:00:00

S. throe the her api.,int• . u pei j f Toui3O e arrival oat canal's' .against this Led tranquil. lay evening. or&erel the he the Go' d,,tunisle squa dros Jur swi' lhs ' inst. The tes that the t• „ public a t :h a d mit, 3e resolved po t iCeeptalgeh to the en" lention that •sth instsot. tatinople to to be e 14 ore' it aPPe. at 6n. Prince is-, R and ifiat the " from r Jerusal em, o• the hens on ( Ace, he' / utin ent of s cat!. t per lip w oof f. _ n Atife f„ the D u ha if the i gell er a Cer of r ube ble facility to e °out ° f tota l trs th e in dlie,t!' reaw" ,r the je on tlol he ra te• • A s ted An niri ' L ied e °° P a t ce du 01 11 o° l4 ' pee. atil' i ; t ha b is the f0 ` w teocl ed ro -00, coo t desrs..nre wus aij 001. — f iSSI • ° oelL r ° [(l* a nds) . te d cls tp., • .i. reg la' sl sof the t he lt ,t t • °, v 't ° 501- hi on 10 1 ' pry th e L s th at i de hich and eper lo ti o off , b ef o a $ 10 3 tux , de ?hie he re. •. 0 0, de be fob' '1 the i ce, Ir lIgn o b• he pig hY sts teti of tie t - uofore ate il o fl [e in the to socli s `bows to t he hips f o r , lad d 'd ,n, it!„ i „peel -sranceatbbr; M 0 V i k * , T 4 INSURRECTION IN CANDIA. Eynard, of Geneva, has addressed a letter to the members (1 the f ormer G reek Comm i ttees o f S w itzerland, Germany, France, and other countries, in which, after recapitulating the general grievances of the Christian inhabitants of Camelia since 1821 , and pointing out the grounds upon which they are now making their sta n d against the Turks, he claims sympathy for The Candiotes, and h; says that a service would be rendered, Only to them, but even to the Porte, if Candia could be united to the kingdwm of Greece, under condition of paying an od tl annual tribute to the Porte, and that at all events the rims ' sacces of the inhabitants should cease. " The last news nave siO received from Candia," M. Eynard adds, " mention several s isaarl ,',f a °l4 bats ; blood has been shed on both sides ; the Christians ~are had the upper hand, they have taken some cannons, and, N u _ !bough there are as yet no positive results, it is an immense t'dk i „.r s advantage to have resisted with such small means against vi• 'troops numerous and well armed." The same gentle ' S'ian has published a letter addressed to the Debuts, which e "tains some observations upon an article given by that Journal a short time since in favour of the Christians in the East. The purport of this communication is to state that M. Eynard coincides with the Debars in recommending - that France, in common with the other powers of Europe, • S hould not take the part of the Christian insurgents against the cute, but should use all her influence to induce, and, if need be, force the Porte to treat the Christian populations, subjected its• h • • authority, with justice and kindness, to grant to them better conditions of government than they now enjoy, ther with a more liberal system of administration, and the real e njoyment of civil rights. This journal also inserts a firman, addressed by the Porte to all Pachas Governors of provinces, which is to the same effect as the circular issued after the grant "tlg of the hatti-scheriff of Gulhane, strictly enjoining them to .chow. the strictest impartiality towards all the Christian s'ibjects !argue Sultan, and protect them from all insults. • " The Paris Assocatium," says the Gazette de France, formed in December last, for watching the progress of affairs the East, and for aiding the Christians, held a general meet '''l2ll on Thursday, and resolved that a deputation should be Lenittteto M. de Chateaubriand, President of the Central Com e, urging him to call another meeting, and also to wait ° tun Laffitte and M. Lasteyrie, members of the old Greek vemmittee, and entreat them to become part of the new Central Committee. In addition to the personages whose names we h ave already given, Messrs. Arago, Odilon Barrot, and Mau- Pitt, the Duke de Fitzjames, the Marquis de Laroche ''t; Jacquelin, and Admiral Lalande, have become members of this The Candian Committee at Athens has circulated the follow statements, dated 30th ult. " For nearly two months, active hostilities have been car ' on between the Turks and the Greeks of Candia. In rery tonfliet the Turks have been compelled to retreat, but • b ate avenged themselves on the peaceable and helpless pea , 'awry. Thus, after being beaten by a detachment of incur ge'l„ fa under the brave Basilacogiorgi, they set fire to three " village s in the defile of Heraclium massrcred all the men, W omen, and children, and committed other atrocities. Many ' of the victims were killed in the churches to which they had flea 'for refuge, and which were profaned by the unbridled ex ee sses of the soldiery. Ten years ago, the high Powers had Just cause for delivering Candia from the yoke of the barba rians, but a certain good will towards the Pacha of Egyp t, and a reliance upon the spirit of civilisation and t olerance 'alsely attributed to him, probably induced the diplomatists, Who raised Greece once more into a kingdom, to have Candia under Ottoman domination; We are astonished at seeing , Christian powers maintain the Turks, those labourers for the 't,, I,r utalization of mankind, in possession of one of the great hoe of Europe, when they might be driven out by a sin g le 'ne of a protocol. Will they now suffer this Christian people to be crushed under the enormous weight of their enemies, because they cannot resign themselves to an odious slavery ? Rill Europe, who sends her missionaries with copies of the I.l°l Y Gospel ' of Christ into all parts of the world, suffer the churches within her own circle to be thrown down, and t hnusands of Christians to perish under the barbarities of the Turks? Certainly not ! or justice, national religion, huma 'WY, and the Christian virtues, will become vain and empty words." A letter from Candia, says the Constitutionnel, states that the insurge n t di rec t or y h as i s sued an order pro hibiti ng the Christians from cutting off the heads or otherwise mutilating the bodies of their enemies left on the field of battle. It is added, that the prisoners are humanely treated by the Chris trans, and employed on fortifications in the mountains. The , -i nsurgent Candiotes, according to a Constantinople mitre '. sPondent of the Seinaphore, have bought seventeen merchant vessels, which they intend to fit out to act against the Turks. DUTCH MAIL. AMSTERDAM. JULY 17.—His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Constantine has arrived here to-day, accom- Panied by Baron Von Maltitz, the Russian Ambassador at the Court of the Netherlands, and Admiral Lutke, wi ri tll ,..._a numerous suite. "l'E HAGUE, JULY 18.—It is reported that the Go i et anlent has been lately engaged in drawing up the pro- We law for the budget of the years 1842 and 1843. the Chamber assured that the drafts are ready to lay before o n _ d nlber as soon as it meets. It is affirmed that the exrrp„,i : B , ir ed object of making the revenue equal to the having will be attained by this budget, without g recourse to a loan, or to an augmentation of the Laz es or to any burdensome financial measure. 111 E HA GUE , J U LY 19.—A lamentable accident took Place at Rotterdam yesterday morning. According to tne accounts which we have received, the steam-boat Plying between that city and Gouda was got ready to depart, when all at once the boiler burst, and the frag nrients scattered in all directions, by which several per sons were more or less injured, and the conductor lost his life.—Staats Courant, July 20. The Rotterdam Courant, of the same date, does not mention this accident. AMSTERDAM, JULY 19.—His Majesty and suite will , :•i ; arrive this evening, at seven o'clock, and, without sleep ing, immediately embark in the loyal steam-boat, for Friesland. BERLIN, JUL!' s.—The Prussian State Gazette gives an interesting statement respecting the population of the Prussian Monarchy, which has a progressive increase a t every trienial census during the last 15 years. At the close of 1840 the population of the eight provinces was 14,9 07,091 ; at the close of 1837, 14,098,125 ; increase in three years, 801,966. WESTMINSTER ELECTION. It will be seen from the following table that in fire , Parishes, viz. St. Anne's, the Outward of St. George's, B t. John's, St. Margaret's, and St. Paul's, Evans, in 1837, Polled 1,531, and in 1841, 1,542 ; and Leader, in 1837, polled 1,579, and in 1841, 1,606 —that is. Evans polled eleven more at the last election, and Leader twenty - six „ amore, than at the previous one. The election, therefore, `., . was lost in St. George's Inward. St. James, St. Martin , a nd St. Clement Danes q . 5; St. George! in chl cn col 5 2 '6 l g g s-a a. • Eoatva ..... July 235 317 56; 5 2 1759 315.321 1 ,54;; 149 1641, June ... 254 :230 401-1 4J9 ,619 L 2.1222449 138 1 I.II IDEn —1937, May 2lO 244 t , 79 1 610 258 278, 1 4' , 8 115 1P37, July '4 4 316 572 5129 178'J :321:13: 5 ,1 6 147 1811, June 2es 218 36 I 1 M7 1 661 364 320 445 140 tu ßn Err ....1817, May • 165 396 12.3 1,56 252 2;2,485 118 lloi4AT 37, July l3 322 651 67 472 17 7 176 365. 16 - ••......1841, June 135, 31:6 87 13 ',A 154 t 265 2941470 109 hislp Table St. Mary-le-Strand and the Savoy are compr i sed in St. Clement Danes. ti. The loss of the election must not be attributed to nth growing strength of the Tories, for in every parish , Nv .. ‘ l ll the exception of St. John's and St. Margaret's , i t ere the increase was only thirty-seven in their favour , will be seen they polled fewer at the late election than we re polled for Burdett in 1837. Murray's contest must ii t be the criterion of the strength or weakness cif the ()Co nservatives, but Burdett's, when they were as well prepared and as active as at the last election, and when, than to the common opinion at te time, not more about 50 Liberals voted for Burdehtt. COURT CIKCULAR. IDiDS OR WEDNESDAY. -- The Queen and Prince Al bert walked this morning in the grounds of the Home Park, which have recently. been laid out, and in the 8, ii:HlPneer.Royal Highness the Princess Royal was taken gs both morning and afternoon, with her usual attendants. lier Majesty honoured Mr. W. C. Ross, A.R.A. with o lfiirther sitti n g to-day, for the final completion Of her liiiniature portrait. b His Highness Prince Esterhazy, the Austrian Ain .. ft ssador, is expected to arrive to• day at the Castle on a Visit to her Majesty., • .• niS Royal Highness the,Thtke del3rabamt is somewhat eetter. , ' Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge, . 1 4 the Princess Augusta did Mr. Hayter the honour `') sit to him ye.terday for the picture of her Majesty's Marriage. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of C ambridge had a dinner party last evening , at Cam badge House. The company consisted . of h is Ro y al "glmess the Duke of Sussex, the Bavarian Minister and Baroness de Cetto, Baron de Huzel, the Wurtem ttlrg Minister ; Baron Gersdorff, the Saxon Minister ; • and Duchess of Inverness, the Duke of Rutland, the Earl Via Countess of Tankerville, Viscount Duncannon, rrd Frederick and the Lady Augusta Gordon, •,' 4 ,?l'd and Lady Leveson, Hon. William Cowper, 'Hon. riarles Gore, Sir Archibald Macdonald, and Mr. and Mrs. De Burgh. 44 .uajor-General Sir John Harvey transacted business I ,e Colonial-office on Tuesday. Despatches from the Governor of Malta were received 3-esterday at the Colonial-office. 1 , HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.—A number nork men are at present engaged in making alterations las b Ilouses of Lords and Commons. In both the bar en advanced upwards of 10 feet into the body of shouse, whi c h w ill prove a great conven i ence on occa sll,ena of the exam i na ti on o f w i tnesses . Th e c h a i r o f th e S ergeant at Arms has also been removed and placed even vl tit the b ar , consequent l y severa l rows o f sea t s f o r ni alterations w ill b e at the b ack o f t h e S ergeant ' scha i r. Th e and improvements going forward are consider ed L o very_ judicious. In the passages of the House of rds, r. Reid is making various experiments, the ob ject of which is to obtain, if possible, a regular heat and better ventilation, 1 here was rather a curious arrival at Paris the er day by one of the coaches from Boulogne—that of a ° ll le English masons and bricklayers, who have been • ° Paged to work u p on th e fortifications of Paris. The drench must think the English are not much alarmed at t he threats of M. Thiers, when they see them selling horses for the French cavalry, which no other State would furnish, and find th a t wor kmen are to be had from Eng tan(' to assist i n putt i ng up the works which, accordin g ° M. Tillers, are to serve not merely as a defence against Invasion, but as the means of enabling the French to carry 'war into the territories of their neighbours. b I IE MAR QUIS OF LANSDOWNE.—We are aPpy to h ear t h at more favour a ble accounts have been received 4n tow n of the health of the Noble Marquis, who still continues confined to his chamber at Liege. So fierc e i s t h e oppos i t i on o f th e rival stea mers betweenpas sengers fo S;authampton and Havre, that they are sarrYinif Pas -6(1. and 3s. a head, fore and aft.—Brighton Guardian. TO LORD STANLEY. DIT LORD,—Your name stands conspicuous as a pa tron of agriculture, and, I am sorry to say it, as the first political renegade of the Derby family. You have, to serve the objects of the party for which you have de serted your own, made statements which, as a practical agriculturist, you must have known are delusive. Your Lordship is far too well versed in agricultural details, to place the slightest reliance on the correctness of the statements with which you treated your political sup porters at Lancaster. You well knew the intellectual calibre of those you were addressing, and took ad vantage of the occasion to " rig the yokels," as your Lordship would elegantly express it. Facts and figures, though produced by a peasant, cannot be over thrown by bold assertions, though emanating from a Lord. No one knows better than your Lordship does, that the prosperity of agriculture must depend upon the amount of capital employed, and upon the judgment with which that capital is invested. Your Lordship must also be well aware, that, under common tillage, the number of returns per acre upon the seed sown is the legitimate test by which rent can be justly apportion ed ; and that in a healthy political state, unshackled by legislative intermeddling, the prices of agricultural produce will al ways be fairly regulated by the proportion that the sup ply and the demand bear to each other. In your Lord ship's reported Lancaster addresses, high prices are assumed as identical with remunerating prices, and treated as essential to the prosperity of the agricultural community. A greater fallacy could not be propounded. I will not so far libel your Lordship's understanding as to suppose that such a proposition was laid down with any other view than to answer a temporary party pur pose, and to prove how far your Lordship might pre sume upon the gross ignorance upon agricultural affairs, that pervaded the great bulk of the Tory constituency then assembled. High prices upon agricultural produce do not constitute remunerating prices, but remunerating prices constitute agricultural prosperity. Corn, by being made by a tax to sell at higher prices than what will fairly remunerate the agriculturist for its production, in flicts an injury upon every honest portion of the com munity. Remunerating prices, however low they may be, are not only beneficial to those employed in trade and manufactures, but the well-being and prosperity of the agricultural classes are essentially dependent upon realizing them. Taking the agricultural statistics, as laid down by Mr. M'Queen, to be correct, the land rents of the United Kingdom do not average quite 16s. Gd. per acre. And, according to the same authority, if the Kingdom was equally divided, every 146 acres would have located upon them sixteen and a half indivi duals employed in or directly dependent upon agricul ture. The rent would be 1201., and there would be an nually ten acres under wheat, four acres under barley, and sixteen acres under oats. It is not important at present to inquire how the remaining portion of the land may be cropped ; but the value of the fat and lean stock, butter, cheese, milk, wool, poultry, &c., to be annually sold off from that extent of land, would be 260/. Accord ing to the best agricultural authorities, taking the king dom through, the average quantity of seed corn, and the average returns per acre, and the prices per quarter, he stated as follows : Seed. Produce. ' Price. Wheat 3 bushels ... 24 bushels s6s. Barley 4 bushels ... 32 bushels 32s. Oats The Corn account, on 146 acres, would stand thus s. d. Wheat 240 bushels, at 7s. per bushel ... 84 0 0 Barley I2S bushels, at 4s. per bushel ... 25 12 0 Oats 640 bushels, at 3s. per bushel ... 96 0 0 £205 12 0 Available for sale in the market : There would be required for consumption by the agriculturist and his de pendents : X s. d. Wheatl4Bbushelssl 16 0 Barley 78 ditt0...15 12 0 Oats 506 ditto ...75 18 0 £ s. d. 92 bushels 32 4 0 50 bushels lO 0 0 134 bushels £143 6 0 Value of portion consumed by far—ter and his family as food, seed corn, and in feed ing stock Value of portion consumed by labourers and their families 56 9 0 £62 6 0 £143 6 0 £205 12 0 With six returns and a proportionate advance in prices, the amount would stand : £ s. d. Wheat ...180 bushels, at Bs. 9d. per bushel 78 15 0 Barley ... 96 bushels, at ss. per bushel Oats 480 bushels, at 3s. 9d. per bushel... 90 0 0 £192 15 0 Available for sale in the Consumed by Agricultu rists, &c. £. s. d. Wheat 148 bushels 64 15 0 Barley 78 ditto ... 19 10 0 Oats 480 ditto ... 90 0 0 Market. X. s. d. 32 bushels 18 ditto 174 5 0 18 10 0 By Oats pur chased Deduct defici ency of Oats 4 17 6 £179 2 6I £l3 12 6 By portion consumed by farmer ... 10S 11 2 By portion consumed by labourers 70 11 4 179 2 6 £192 15 0 With ten returns, and a proportionate diminution in prices, the amount would stand— s. d. Wheat 300 Bushels at 5 3 ~C s. d. 78 15 0 Barley 160 ditto at ... 3 0 Oats 800 ditto at 24 0 0 90 0 0 £192 15 0 Available for sale in the Consumed by Agricultu- rists, - &c. s. d. Whept 148 bushels 38 17 0 Barley 78 ditto ... 11 14 0 Oats 506 ditto ... 56 18 6 Market. s. d. 152 bushels 39 18 0 82 ditto 294 ditto £lO7 9 6 1 By portion consumed by farme Ditto do. ao. by labourers, &c. £B5 5 6 :r, &c. £65 2 10 42 6 "8 107 9 6 £192 15 0 An advance in price is the natural consequence of a supply inadequate to the demand ; and a reduction will be the result of the supply being greater than the de mand. In proportion, therefore, as the returns are be low or above the average, so will the prices in the mar ket be higher or lower. With average crops, that is eight returns, the farmer will have to dispose of, beyond his own consumption of wheat and barley : In the market, to those not engaged in agri- £ s. d. 62 6 0 56 9 0 culture „ To his labourers, as bread corn us 15 0 And he will have to receive, for fat and lean stock, cheese, butter, &c 260 0 0 With six returns, he would have to dis pose of— In the market To his labourers 378 15 0 He would receive for stock, &c. sold, deduct ing 5 per cent. for diminishedvalue caused by high prices on corn 13 16 6 70 11 4 84 7 10 247 0 0 331 7 10 Deduct increased value of corn consumed... 20 10 8 Being a lOss by diminished returns arid in breased prices, of 310 17 2 67 17 10 378 15 0 With ten returns, he would have to dis pose of— In the market B5 5 6 To his labourers. 42 6 8 127 12 2 From stock, &c. sold, and 5 per cent. to the • price, caused by the increased demand necessarily attendant on low prices and high returns of corn 273 0 0 By saving in value of corn consumed 443 16 6 Showing a gain to the farmer with reduced prices and increased returns, of X 65 1 6 And over six, of £132 19 4 Increased returns and reduced prices upon corn, in the proportions before stated, benefit the labouring classes 25 per cent ; and, on the other hand, increased prices and diminished returns injure them, to the same extent.. In ordinary years the value of the bread-corn con sumed by the number of labourers and their families, proportionably employed and located upon every 146 acres, would amount to 56/. 9s. ; with ten returns it would be reduced to 42/. 6s. Bd. ; whilst with six returns it would be advanced to 70/. I ls. 4d. It is therefore very evident that higher prices upon corn than what will fairly remunerate the producer for the capital employed in its production, must be detrimental to the true inte rest of agriculture. The quantity directly consumed by agriculturists, and those depending upon them, is so erroneously large in comparison with what they have to dispose of for money in the market, that it is a matter of astonishment to many others, as well as myself, that it could have escaped the attention of an individual so keen-sighted, and so practically acquainted with agricul tural details, as your Lordship is reported to be. I can only account for it by presuming that, when addressing your constituents at Lancaster, your Lordship's object was mystification. Had your Lordship intended honestly to have mooted the practical bearings of the Corn-law question, it is hardly possible that so important an item as the farmer's consumption, enormously great as it is, could have escaped your observation. That item, in fact, constitutes the most important feature in the case. For, however plausibly it may be urged that high prices are beneficial to the agriculturists as corn-growers, and that as producers protective laws are requisite to foster their prosperity, still as consumers they, like every other class of the community, must contribute a quota proportionate to the quantity consumed by them towards making up whatever amount may be levied under the fallacious designation of a protective duty. The average 'rte Ft PUN, LONDON: TititlitsTsA lc - JULY 42, amount of duty levieo, since the present law has bean in operation, up to January 5, 1840, according to Mr. Al‘Culloch's excellent pamphlet, has been per quarter ss. 9d. on wheat, ss. on barley, and 6s. 11d. on oats. The whole of the money thus levied must have been paid by the consumers, without any distinction of classes, ex actly in proportion to the quantity consumed. If, there fore, the relative numerical proportions, between the agricultural and the other classes, be laid down with tolerable accuracy by Mr. M`Queen, the consumption by agriculturists and those directly depending on them will be, of wheat and barley, five-eighths, and of oats four fifths, of the whole quantity consumed. The total amount levied upon those three kinds of grain, in the period before stated, has been 4,451,2001. This sum must have been paid by the consumers in the following proportion's, and the fact clearly illustrates the sort of protection that has been afforded to the agricultural classes by the present Corn-law : By Trades and By the Agricul- Manufacturers. tural Classes. Wheat and wheat flour f 1,093,044 £1,821,740 Barley 184,812 308,020 Oats 208,716 834,864 £1,486,572 £2,964,624 The Value of wheat, barley, and oats, required for seed in ordinary years will amount to upwards of 12,850,000/. ; and oats consumed in keeping, feeding, rearing, and fattening stock, will amount to upwards of 28,000,0001. ; making the total value, including the quantity consumed as food, of the wheat, barley, and oats, directly consumed by agrieulturists, their labourers, and dependants, to exceed 71,216,0001. a year, whilst the annual consumption of all the other classes united does not amount to 31,600,000/.* This estimate is based upon data supplied by Mr. M`Queen's work, en titled " The Statistics of the British Empire," and cal culated upon eight returns. I need not remind you, my Lord, that land which will not yield eight returns upon the quantity of seed per acre, as before specified, cannot remunerate the agriculturist for its cultivation under white, or grain crops. In such a case it is the business of the landowner—a very different person from the agri culturist—to determine whether, by an outlay of money in permanent improvements, it can be brought up to, or about that standard of production ; and if it can, whe ther the rent will cover the interest of the outlay. That is a question solely for the consideration of the land owner. It is the land-occupier, or the agriculturist's province to consider whether the land is of such a quality, and in such a condition, as to justify him in calculating upon having such returns as will compensate him for its cultivation at such rent as may be agreed upon. Per manent improvements, and improved cultivation, as far as the respective interests of the landlord and tenant, are very different things. The landowner and the land-oc cupier, as such, have interest in common. Free, un shackled Trade in corn, is a stimulus indispensable to the prosperity of agriculture. Restrictive Corn-laws may afford temporary benefit to the needy and unprincipled portion of the landed proprietors, but they must be viewed with repugnance by every honest landed pro prietor, as being highly detrimental to the true interest of agriculture, and as being directly calculated to de grade and to oppress the indutsrious hard-working mil lions, composing all the productive classes throughout the empire._ _ _ I am, my Lord, your obedient servant, 0. 0. ROBERTS. Castle Hill, Bangor, July 19, 1841. ' See " Fasts for Farmers," page 25. CORN-LAW THOUGHTS. BY AN ENGLISHWOMAN. A lady who formerly favoured us with some communications under the signature of English Joan, has collected and published a number of her letters on the Corn-laws in a pamphlet. She thus appreciates the character of the House of Commons and its Tory leaders in a letter, which we have not before seen : " We are concerned to say that the House of Repre sentatives, once the pride and trust of the nation, is fallen from its high estate ; all honourable persons are disgusted to find bribery practised at elections to a most corrupt extent, large sums wickedly wasted, neither blessed to the giver or receiver, meriting severe punish ment and everlasting exclusion from your Honourable House. What a deplorable state of things, when Eng lish gentlemen make a practice of seducing with money a poor man from his duty to his country and to himself There are also many persons totally unfitted by nature for legislators, shifting sands, useless sons of confusion, like Lord Stanley, who for a trifle will change sides body and mind, and that which he proved false before, prove true again.' A lawgiver must not lack wisdom or con sistency. Can the vaunted Sir Robert reach the proper standard ?—the man of plausibilities,' a Will-with-the wisp, who never shines but to mislead—he who loves to progress by indirect means only, and can no more pursue a straightforward course than the poor crab on the beach. Sir Robert would have made an excellent lawyer to de fend bad causes with a thousand specious crafty wiles— a fine leader of the Tories, indeed, proving a low tone of thought among them. We hope, trust, believe, the glo rious era fast advances when moral worth will be on the ascendant, when our rulers must act upon the sole prin ciple of governing the people fairly, justly, wisely ; by no other means can they for the future obtain the confi dence, esteem, and love of the governed." To the Bishops she puts these pertinent ques tions : " Has any Bishop ever given a vote in favour of the Slave Trade, or stood aloof from its discussion ? if so, he has quite mistaken his path, and been stumbling in utter darkness. Since inebriety is the parent of crime,— has every Bishop fostered, countenanced, and cared for those checks to vice, Temperance Societies? the most re markable phenomenon of our day, springing from the people themselves,—long may they flourish! Have the Bishops loved on all occasions to solicit truth from her concealment? for she is still so little satisfied with our doings that she continues to inhabit her ancient deep re treat, to the great detriment of the whole human race ; would that we could see her bright diamond eyes con stantly in the midst of us, and that we might be virtuous enough to listen to her pure teachings, and wise enough to yield obedience to her heavenly laws. Do the Bishops and their clergy faithfully oppose themselves to the hor rid vice of bribery at elections? do they, by every means, instruct and communicate such knowledge to the poor as would raise them above such degradation, though tempt ed and misled by the rich and well educated, who un derstand the laws but viciously, and unscrupulously vio late them. Since good and equal government is favour able to the morality and most essential to the harpiness of the people, do the Bishops, " in season and out of season," try to induce their compeers to do justice, to love mercy, and to walk humbly ? or do they calmly and resignedly view the present turmoil, and suffer rank noxious weeds to overshadow, choke, and destroy the germ of every wholesome plant in the political field ? have the Bishops, as ministers of religion, been exemplars for the nation, studiously anxious that all their words and ac tions should be found in harmonious accord with that most perfect moral code bequeathed to us for our sure guide by the author and finisher of our faith ?' Have princely donations, from princely incomes, been un sparingly given for charity and for the service of the Church to build and repair ? If any Bishop votes in favour of the Corn-laws we shall esteem him one of the proximate causes of all the poor may suffer next winter. A very reprehensible dereliction from duty IA a minister of the gospel. The sufferings of the poor are no fiction, but a sad and mournful reality ; yet the least of one of these ' is equal in the estimation of the Creator with the wearer of a mitre, lawn sleeves, and a silk apron. Since so much wretchedness is. proved to exist, and to have long existed, surely it is not too much to expect that the Bishops and the clergy will close the carnal eye and open wide a more heavenward orb." We are rejoiced to find the women taking an active part in the good struggle, and that they have adopted just sentiments which they express like the lady in forcible language. " English Joan" will have amongst reflecting females many mitators. THE BANK OF MANCHESTER.--We lire ex• . ceedingly glad to find, that the Directors of tie Bank of Manchester have at length resolved to discontinue the issue of their own notes ; so that the circulation of this town and its immediate neighbourhood will be once more restored to the state of purity in which it existed for so many years, and which was so justly the pride of its in habitants. There are now no local notes issued either in Manchester or Liverpool, and very few in the county of Lancaster. We hope the time is not far distant when the whole kingdom may be placed in the same situation. — Manchester Guardian. A GIANT BALLOON.—Last evening our townspeople were entertained with the sight of, as the bills termed it, " a giant man balloon," which was sent up from London by Mr. Green, some time since, and subsequently came into the possession of our resident firework-maker, ballooner, &c. &c. Mr. Stonestreet. The monster was inflated in the area of the Town-hall, and when his spacious skin began to fill he exhibited the most ridiculous figure imaginable—his immense trunk rolling from side to side, as if impatient to disengage itself from its fastenings. At length, all being ready, and a pilot having previously been started to show him his course, the giant was set free, and up he mounted, inclining rather backward, his head lolling on one side, his arms swinging about, and having to all intents and purposes the aspect of a jolly fellow who was no tee totaller, or who, if he were, had most indubitably broken his pledge. His apparently affected twistings and turn • ings raised shouts of laughter from the immense crowd assembled to witness his departure. But his flight was destined to be a short one—from some defect in one of his legs the gas rapidly escaped, and before he had soared half a mile he made a most graceful and gentle descent., feet foremost, and might easily have been fancied some fabled deity of old condescending to visit this lower world. At a moderate computation 5,000 persons were assembled on the occasion.—Maidstone Journuf. CHILDBIRTH ON BOARD A GRAVESEND STEAMER.—On Tuesday at two o'clock a curious eeene occurred on board the Star, A young man was seen leading his young wife to the ladies' cabin, and in a feW minutes afterwards she was delivered of a daughter. This unexpected event created much sympathy for the poor woman, especially as there was no medical man on board. Mr. Stevens, oivil engineer; Mr. Northhouse, and several other gentlemen, who were engaged in a suc cessful experiment to test the great superiority of Dr. Albert's steam fuel over the best coal, quitted the engine -room, to commence a subscription to obtain aid for thb mother and her child, when several sovereigns were in a few minutes contributed, and they had the satisfaction of hearing that both were " as well as could be expected." The father, whose name is Potts, is a ropemaker of Chatham, and was for some time incon solable, fearing the loss of his wife and Child, from the premature and unprepared accouchement. MEMBERS ELECTED. ENGLISH .BOIZOLIGHS COMPLETED. Total-176 Anti-Monopolists and 1t1.5 Monopolists. ENGLISH AND WELSH COUNTIES. Anti- Mono- Monopolists. polists. ANGLESEY COUNTY. W. 0. Stanley, Esq. BEDFORD COUNTY Lord Alford W. Astell, ..... 15E11.15. R. Palmer ' Esq. P. Posey, Esq.... Lord Barrington BRECKNOCKSHIRE. Col. T. Wood BUCKS. ... 1 Sir W. L. Youn g 1 C. G. Dupre, Esq —• 1 Hon. C. S. Murray* Cll-11BRIDGE. Hon. E. Yorke...., It. J. Eaton, Esq.. J. P. Allix, _ , CARDIGANSHIB.E. W. E. Powell, E;4.---------- CAxmAATHENSHIfE. Hon. G. Trevor J. Jones, Esq ... CARNARYON COUNTY• Hon. H. Pennat*. .••• 0000000 CHESHIRE (NORT1 1 ). W. T. Egerton, Esq... C. Legli, E sq. CHESHIRE (souru) Sir F. Egerton , .. lion. T. Tollemaelie ___ ......... .._ CORNWALL (EAST). Lord Eliot ... ... 1 W. Rishleigh, Esq. CORNWALL (wasT). E. W. P e nd arves , E sq 1 ... Lord Boscawesi Rose...-..... ......... ..• ... 1 CUMBERLAND (EAST). W. James, E sq .. 1 .. lion. C. Howard CUMBERLAND (WEST ) E. Stanley, Esq. J. Irton, Esq... DENBIGH COUNTY Hon. William Bagot... ............... Sir W. W. Wynne"' DERBY (NORTH). Hon. G. H. Cavendish W. Evans Esq. ... DERBY (souvi). E. M. Mundy, Esq. C. It. Colville, Esq. ..• 1 DEVON (NORTH). Sir T. Ackland •e• I L. Buck, Esq. DEVON (SOUTH). Sir J. Y. Boll er Lord Courte n ay DORSETSHIRE. Lord Ashl e y H. C. Sturt, Esq.... ...... . ••• G. Bankes, Esq.* ••• DURHAM (2 . . ... H. Lambton, E s q 1 Hon. H. Liddell ••• DURHAM (sotITH). Lord Harry Vane J. Bowes, E sq . ESSEX (NORTH.) _ - Sir J. Tyrrell 1 C. J. Round Esq. ... ESSEX (SOUTH.) T. W. Bramston, Esq 1 G. Palmer, Esq. FLINTSHIKE. Mostyn, Esq• GLAMORGANSHIRE. Lord Adani C. Talbot, Esq.... GLOUCESTER (EAST). W. Codrington, Esq. Hon. F. Charteris* GLOUCESTER (WEST). Hon. G. Berkeley R. 13. Hale, Esq ... HANTS (Nonni). Right Hon. C. S. Lefevre Sir W. Heathcote... ... HANTS (SOUTH). J. Fleming, Esq. H. C. Comptcn, Esq. ... 1 HEREFORD. K. Hoskins, Esc Barkerville, Esq.* ••• J. Bailey, Esq.* HERTS. Lord Grimston - ••• ••• 1 Abel Smith, Esq ••• ••• Hon. D. Ryder 1 ••• HUNTINGDONSHIRE. E. Fellovves, Esq G. Thornhill, Esq. ISLE OF WIGHT Captain A'Court Holmes ... 1 KENT (EAST). Sir E. Knatehbull J. P. Plumptre, Esq. KENT (WEST). Sir E. Filmer ... . ... 1 Lord Marsham* LANCASHIRE (NORTH). Lord Stanley ... ..... ••• J. W. Patten, Esq ••• LANCASHIRE (SOUTH.) Lord F. Egerton .. ...... . Re Wilbraham, Esq... LEICESTER (NORTH). Lord C. Manners ••• E. B. Farnham, Esq ••• LEICESTER (SOUTH). H. Halford, Esq. C. W. Packe, Esq. LINCOLN (KESTEVEN AND HOLLAND.) Sir J. Trollope .• p.a. ...... 000 ••• C. Tumor, Esq. LINCOLN (LINDSEY). Lord Worsley R. Christopher, Esq ........... ••• MEICIONETH COUNTY* R. Richards, Esq 31IDDLEBEX. G. Byng, Esq. T. Wood, E5q..... MONMOUTH COUNTY. Lord Grenville Somerset .............•• 0. Morgan, Esq. MONTGOMERYSHIRE. 1 C. W. W. Wynne, Esq.... ............ ••• NORFOLK (EasT). J. Wodehouse, EN ......... ... . H. N. Burroughes, Esq .. 1 NORFOLK (vast). 1 W. Bag,ge, Esq. 1 W. L. Chute, Esq ••• NORTHAMPTON (NORTH) 1 T. Mans4ll, Esq ........ ••• A. O'Brien, Esq.* NORTHAMPTON (SOUTH). 1 NV. H. Cartwright, Esq. Sir C. Knightley ... 1 NORTHUMBERLAND (NORTH). Lord Ossulston ... ••• 1 Creswell, Esq... ...... ••• 1 • NORTHUMBERLAND (SOUTH). AL Bell, Esq ... - 1 S. Ogle, Esq. NOTTINGHAM (NORTH). IH. G. Knight, Esq. • •• T. Holdsworth, Esq. .. . NOTTINGHAM (SOUTH). Lord Lincoln ••• •• •• 1 Col. Hollestone ... ... 1 OXFORD. Lord Norreys ...._ G. Harcourt, Esq..._______ J. W. Henley, EN ••• 1 .. . 1 PEMBROKE. Lord Emlyn* ••• 1 ... RATINORSHIRE. Sir John Walsh ______....._. ... 1 A UTLANDSHIAL C. J. Heathcote, Egg 1 •.• ..• 1 Hon. H. Dawnay... SALOP (NOItTK). Sir R. Hill W. 0. Gore .., ... 1 SALOP (BOOTH) Lord Darlington .... ...... . ........ ... ••• 1 Hon. R. Clive . soatzaszi (Eitur). Col. Gore Langton •••••• AV. Miles, Eici. , .., ••• I somaasrr (wasr.) Sir T. D. Aoland. W. Diclr."atons Ssq ••• . I STAFFORD (Noimi). J. D. Russell, Esq... .......... ........ ... 1 C. B. Adderly, Esq STAFFORD (SOUTH). Lord Increstrie Colonel Anson SUFFOLK (EAST). Lord Henneker ... 1 Sir C. 13. Vere ... 1 SUFFOLK (wzsT). R. Rushbrook, Esq ... I H. Waddington, Esq. ... ..... ... SURREY (EAST). H. Kemble, Esq. • ... 1 G. Antrobus, E5q..... .............. ••• 1 SUILKEY (WEST). W. J. Denison, Esq. J. Trott er,Esq.... ... 1 SUSSEX. Earl of March* Colonel Wyndham* ... I SUSSEX (XasT). G. Darbey, Esq A. G. Fuller, Esq wAawica (Noma). W. S. Dagdale, Esq ... 1 SIC G. Wilinot ......... 1 WARWICK (SOUTH). Sir J. Mordaunt E. J. Shirley, Esq. WESTMORELA ND. Lord Lowther ........ Colonel Lowther WILTS (NORTH). Sir F. Burdett •• Walter Long, Esq 1 ••• WILTS (SOUTH). 3. Benett, Esq ••• ... ~. 1 Hon. S. Herbert 1 --...-. ----__ WORCESTER, (EAST) , J. Barneby, Esq. ... J. A. Taylor, Esq 1 WORCESTER (WEST). Hon. H. B. Lygon. ... 1 F. W. Knight, Esq ..• 1 YORK (EAST RIDING). Lord Hotham•..... ' a, ... 1 H. Broadley, Esq .. ... .... . ... YORK (NORTH RIDING.) E. S. Cayley, Esq. Hon. W. Duncombe... YORK (WEST RIDING). Hon. S. Wortley* .. •• •••••• ... 1 E. B. Dennison, Esq. * ... ..... . ........ ... 1 Tot al SCOTLAND. AnEKDIEN. A. Bannerman, EN ... 137 ABERDEEN COUNTY, Captain Gordon ARGYLESHIRE. A. Campbell, Esq. AYR. Lord James Stewart.. Lord Kelburrie AYRSHIRE. BANFFSHIRE. Captain Duff ... BUTSSIIIKE. Sir W. Rae . BERwlcisniax. Sir H. Campbell CAITIINESS. G. Trail, Esq. DUVICARTONSHIRIC A. Smollett, Esq .. 1 DUlif'ltlES. W. Burt, Esq.° rit.rnirmEs COUNTY. J. H. Johnstone, Esq DUNDFE. George Duncan, Esq.* EVINEURGH. Right Hon. T. Macauley ... 1 W. G. Craig, Esq.P /EDINBURGH COUNTY. R. Ramsey, Eq. ELGIN. Sir A. L. Hay* ELGIN AND NAIRN COUNTY. C. L. C. Bruce, Esq. FALKIRK. Baird, Esq.* ... FIFESHIRE. Captain Wemyss /*OKRA RS HIR E Lord F. Gordon... GLASGOW, J. Oswalt!, Esq. ' J. Dennistoun, Esq GREENOCK. Robert Wallace, Esq. ......... HADDINGTON. ... I Balfour, Esq.* 1 HADDINGTON COI:NTT. Sir T. Hepburn INVERNESS J. Morrison INVERNESS COUNTY. H. Baillie, Esq... ~, I KILMARNOCK. 1 .. A. Johnston, Esq.* KINCARDINE. Hon. H. Arbuthnot:: YINI4.OSS COUNTY. Lord Abercromby KIRKCUDBRIGHT (COUNTY.) Alexander Murray, Esq. 1 KIKKALIDY. Colonel R. Ferguson LANARK COUNTY. Captain Lockhart . LILTII. A. Rutherfurd, Esq. LINLITHGOW COUNTY. Hon. C. Hope MONTROSE. C. Chalmers, Eeq ORKNEY ♦ND SHETLAND. F. Dundas, Esq .. I PAISLEY. A. Hastie, Esq PEEBLESHIRE. W. F. Mackenzie, Esq TERTH. ... 1 Hon. Fox Maule• PERTIISHIRE. H. H. Drummond, Esq.... RENFREWSHIRE. P. M. Stewart, Esqs ...... ROSS AND CROMAILTY. J. Mackenzie, Esq... ... ROXRURGHSHIRR. Hon. F. Scott SELKIRKSHIRE. A. Pringle, Esq ST. ANDREWS. ... I E. Ellice, EN STIRLING. Lord Dalmeny STIRLING COUNTY. William Forbes, Esq. SGTHERLAND (corNTr.) D. Dundas, Esq. WICK-BURGHS. J. Loch, E5q.........., 1 ... WIGTOWN ➢URGHS APTaggart, Esq 1 ... WIGTOWN COUNTY. Captain Dalrymple ... 1 06. Total. IRELAND. ANTRIM COUNTY. J. Irving, Esq.... Alexander, Esq ...... A !MACH (BOROUGH). Col. Rawdon ARMAGH (COUNTY). Lord Acheson Colonel Verner ♦THLONE. Captain Beresford ... 1 BANDON. Sergeant Jackson ... BELFAST. E. Tennent, EN. J. Johnston, Esq. CARLOW (zostotrox). Capt. Layard . CARLOW COUNTY. Colonel Bruen H. Bunbury, Esq. CARRICKFERGUS. P. Kirk, E3q. CASHEL. ... 1 CAVAN. Col. Clements J. Young: Esq. •• • CLARE COUNTY Major Macnamars ... 1 C. 0. Brien, Esq CLONMILL. D. R. Pigott, Esq. ... ... coLanAINE. E. Litton, Esq... . CORK CITY. F. Murphy, Esi. 1 11 Callaghan, Esq. DONEGAL COUNTY. ••• • 1 ____ ... 1 .. . 1 Sir E. T 4 _ayes •.t _______ Colonel Cunolly DOWN COUNTY. Lord Castlereagh . _.. ••• 1 Lord Hillsborough ... DOWNPATRICK. D. Kerr, Esq • 00000 ••• .. 1 DROGHEDA. Sir Wm. Somerville DUBLIN COUNTY. J. H. Hamilton, Esq. ••• ..• 1 1 Captain Taylor ••• DUBLIN CITY. J. B. West, Esq. E. Grogan, Esq. DUBLIN UNIYIRSITY. Hon F. Shaw Dr. Lefroy ••• 1 - DUNGANNON. Lord Northland DUNDALK. T. Redington, Esq. DUNCIARYA N. Right Hon. R. L. Sheil ENNIS. Hewitt Bridgeman, Esq .. ....... 1 ... ENNISICILLIN. Hen. A. H. Cole GALWAY ~, I M. J. Blake, Esq. Sir V. Blake ... GALWAY COUNTY. J. Bodkin, Esq ' • J. B. Martin, Etq. lEILDARE COUNTY. R. More ()Terra% Esq 1 R. Archbold, Esq 1 ... KILKENNY. John O'Connell, Esq KILKENNY COUNTY. _ Han. P. Butler... 1 ••• Major Bryan luxes COIII4TY. _ Colonel Westenra A. Armstrong, Esq 1 _ _ XINSLLE. W. H. Watson, Esq.* LIMIRICK (sossovax). Sir D. R0che.,...• 1 ... .1. O'Brien, Esq. LISBURN. Captain Blaynell ... 1 LEITRI3i COUNTY. Viscount Clements S. 'White, Esq.... 000000000 .• 1 ... LONDONDXBAY. Sir R. Fergusson LONDONDERRY COUNTY. Sir Robert Bateson Capt. Jones LONGFORD COUNTY ... 1 L. White, Esq. ... H. White, Esq. NEW ROSS. Captain Gore . MALLOW. Sir D. Norreys 1 ... MEATH COUNTY. H. Grattan, Eaq 1 ... D. O'Connell, Eaq --- MAYO COUNTY. _ M. Blake, Esq. R. D. Browne, Esq. MONAGHAN COUNTY. Hon. H. Westenra E. Shirley, Esq. NYWAY. Lord Newry... ..... . TORTARLINGTON. Hon. C. Darner QUEEN'S COUNTY. Sir C. Coote ••• Hon. T. Vesey ••• ROSCOMMON. The O'Connor Don F. French, Elq. SLIGO (BOROUGH). _ J. P. Somers - 1 ••• SLIGO COUNTY. Colonel Percival ••• 1 W. R. 0. Gore, Esq TIYPERAILY COUNTY. 0. Cave, Esq . Maher, Esq TRALEE. M. O'Connor, Esq. TYIONi Right lion. T. Corry .. .. .. .. ...... .•• 1 Lord C. Hamilton 1 ......... ••• W ATERSORD COUNTY. H o n. IL S. Carew ... 1 ... W. Villiers Stuart ... 1 ... WATERFORD CITY. W. Christmas, Esq, .......... M. Reade, Esq. 'WEXFORD CITY. Sir Thomas Esmomde Dr. Stock . WESTMEATH COUNTY. H. M. Tuite, Erq. B. Chapman, Esq. ...... ......... ... WICKLOW COUNTY Colonel Acton Sir R. Howard.... YOUGHAL. F. J. Howard, Esq. 1 (All the returns from Ireland hare not yet been received, Uut we shall probably be able to complete the list by to-morrow.) WEXFORD ELECTION. MONDAY, FOUR O'CLOCK. SECOND DAY'S POLL. Power Hatton . Morgan 502 510 476 CONDITION OF THE LABOURERS IN DEVONSHIRE. Haying occasion, on the sth ink., to visit a parish lyine , between Hatherleigh and Holsworthy, in one of the least frequented and populous parts of the county, the opportunity was afforded me of seeing, under his own roof, an able-bodied labourer living upon the ordi nary wages of the district. His family consists of him self; age 32, his wife, age 29, three girls, aged respec tively 8 years, 5 years, and 7 months, with one boy, aged 3 years. I had known the man and his connec tions for several years —was aware that his character was excellent ; and in the belief that his mode of living af forded a fair specimen of that of his class, I made myself his guest at two or three of the cottage meals, and then obtained some particulars, for the accuracy of which I can vouch. The cottage, built of cob, or mud and straw, has two rooms, each being about fourteen feet by twelve ; but the sleeping-room being immediately under the thatch, and without ceiling or plastering, - is always penetrated by currents of air, and not unfrequently by rain and snow. They told me it was impossible to keep a candle there burning in winter. In this room there are three bedsteads, one without bedding. The flo or o f th e lo wer room is f hardened mud and sand, one window admits the light. A deal table, a bench, two chairs, a settle, a cradle, some earthenware on a rude dresser. with two or three simple cooking utensils, made up their stock of furniture. Built against the gable end of the house is a sty; in which he feeds one pig ; but if through disease or accident this prop fails, animal food is placed beyond their reach for the rest of the year. In the pig-sty my honest friend also contrives to keep two or *tree ferrets, and the penny per tail for rats and vermin destroyed, brings him, on the average, 15s. per annum, after deduct ing his loss of time. These odd shillings suffice to stock and manure a bit of potato ground behind the house, for which he pays six shillings ; thus making his total rent 48s. per annum. Tlie wages, 7s. a-week, are paid monthly, and usually in money. The outlay for the four weeks stands as nearly as possible thus : £ s. d. 4 weeks' rent 0 4 0 2 bush. barley 0 8 0 i bush. wheat.. 0 4 0 Candles, soap, starch, salt, soda, &c 0 3 1. Wood for firing 0 2 0 Milk 0 2 3 Tea, 4oz 0 1 6 Sugar 1 lb. very coarse 0 0 10 Cotton, worsted, tape, &c 0 1 0 £1 6 8 need not describe the meals with minuteness ; in deed there is little variety—milk and water, with dark barley bread, bacon broth, and potatoe pasties, are the ordinary fare, now and then improved by the addition of a heavy pudding, and, at rare intervals. of a little tea or coffee, with a few eggs and some butter as a de licacy. An infusion of hot water upon burnt crusts is commonly made. For garments they have trusted almost wholly to kind friends and relations a little better off than themselves. —Correspondent of an Evening Paper. EXTENSION OF THE SUFFRAGE• Thousands who complain of being politically de graded in not possessing the elective franchise, are not aware, or being aware, neglect to avail themselves of the means already within their power, for their own enfran chisement. We beg leave to call the attention of such persons, and all others desirous of obtaining the elective franchise, to the following : Every person who is in the occupation of any house, warehouse, counting-house, shop, workshop, stable, shed, or other building, worth 101. per year, is entitled to be on ' the register of voters for the city or borough in which it is situated, if he has been in occupation of such premises from the 31st of July last (1840), or in several such premises in succession in the said city or borough. It is necessary that it should be clearly understood what the Revising Barristers hold to be " houses, ware houses, counting-houses, shops, and other buildings," which are as follows— Houses.—" A house is a separate dwelling, ap proached by a door from the open air." Any person, therefore, occupying apartments, and having control over the outer door, is held to be a householder, although he may allow others the use of such door. As some misunderstanding has existed on this subject, it should therefore be particularly observed that the possession of a separate door is only necessary for those who claim for a house, and not necessary for the occupiers of warehouses, counting-houses, shops, &c. Warehouse.—" A warehouse is a store-room for mer chandise or goods used in trade." Counting-house.—" A counting-house is a room in ' which a person in trade keeps his books and accounts, whether it be a separate building, or only a room in a house used for that purpose.", Shop.—" A shop is a place for the sale of goods, or a room in which manufactures are carried on," as a work shop, which may be either a detached place, or a room in a house used as such ; so that a tailor, shoemaker, ' &c., holding an apartment, or apartments, and working in one room worth 4s. per week, is entitled to be on the Register. Other Buildings.—May be a stable, shed, storehouse, -stall, separate building used as an office or school, hot house, cowhouse, &c. Any person, therefore, occupying any such premises as above described, worth 4s. per week, and not rated for them, should immediately claim to be rated as the Re form Act requires ; all persons either to be rated or to have claimed to be rated. . The overseer do not always consider it necessary to alter the rating where the landlord pays the rates, more especially for shops, &c., being parts of houses ; but if the party claiming should be rated he can deduct the amount from his rent. No form of claim to be rated is absolutely necessary, a verbal application to an overseer being sufficient, but the following may be adopted : A CLAIM TO BE RATED. To the Overseers of the Parish of I hereby give you notice that I occupy a at No. in Street, in your Parish, and I claim to be rated to the relief of the Poor in respect of such premises in order that I may be entitled to Vote in the Election of Members of Parliament for the City Dated this day of 184 (Signed) of INSTRUCTIONS. Insert the name of the parish, and the nature of the premises, as house, warehouse, counting-house, shop, workshop, stable, shed, or as the case may be ; and the name of the street, court, &c. ; put in the date, and sign the names of the claimant, and his place of resi dence, at full length. Give this claim to an Overseer, and carefully preserve a correct copy ; the person who serves the claim should immediately write on the copy to whom the claim was delivered, and the day of the month. If any poor's rate be due in respect of the premises occu pied by the claimant, tender the amount. If omitted from the List of Voters on the 31st of July, claim to be regis tered on or before the 25th of August. In those parishes where there have been hut one rate made since the 31st of July last year, as in St. George, St...lllargaret, St. John, and St. Paul, Westminster, the claimant (provided he claims on or before the 31st of this present mouthof July) will be entitled to be on the forth cAnuing register, as he will, in conformity with the Reform Act, have claimed to be rated to all rates made during person claiming in other pari s h es , w h ere more the B 3 u , e t ar any . than one rate has been made since the 31st oflastJuloy; will be entitled in the following year, whether rated not. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. S find in your paper a state ut m r— ent oT .'a il m ed u is e t h re p ss le o a f se A ci lrs t° . Giles and her family, through the unexpected death of her husband ; and I take the liberty to inform you, that, in consequence of that statement, the family have been visited by the Se cretary of the Accident Relief Society, and food will be given to the destitute family in proportion to the funds. Thus you have done much good ; and I trust that you will continue thus to promote the cause of real humanity, and oblige, Sir, your's, truly, July 21, 1841. A SUBSCRIBER. THE WEATHER.—NooN, JULY 21. ROYAL G Al a .L r o E m R -9• a e Y ter 2 b la. OF SCIENCE, ADELAIDE-STRHET. B Thermometer... 59 I Highest 6l 1 Lowest .... ..... 54 Wind S. W.—Freezing Point 32 Deg. D DEATH 07 THE DOWAGER LADY CNET wrxn.—We regret to announce the death of this much re spected lady, which took place on Saturday, the lith instant, after a few day's Bl es s. She was relict o f the late Sir George Chetwynd, of Gundon Hall, in the county of Warwick, and Brocten Hall, in the county of Stafford, Baronet. In her the poor have lost a kind friend and liberal benefactress, whese memory will long be cherished by all who knew her. MORTALITY AMONG LEECHES DURING STotst.—That atmospheric changes have a remarkable in fluences on leeches is a well-known fact. Last summer, AL Derhelms, of St. Omer, ascribed the almost sudden death of them, at the approach of, or during storms, to the coagulation of the blood of these creatures, caused by the impression of the atmospheric electricity,. This opinion, which at that time was the result of theory, he confirmed during the present summer by direct experiment. _ ne : t;itlu A asebo D .Aor v runren A :up N soo : nned A w-ef G niolt E iuorp s ftrht A ohd t ße u h c l2 l e e Sl e a g N e r a s k s: : lane .Express states, that the oil obtained from the seed InoTmillTESSCUuNx;Fivif ZENahR. )t , a llo. n g f ditihtienastiullialf"-11°Fheve-efrt°imuCelithei't. necessary ;too w i thbtaithn ea additionalcorresponding an d any nauseous supply or q uantum from coal fromf fa r e e r m e s i u t r t passing in editiecuidviead :)irdsvnalnetlal.geafiobfrbdeiiinlggawhlioglillyt- He consid er s bril liancy that obtained from coal, and tn g a less p r preferable b y e , gas cudn ' ary and dom e stic purposes, t l o oo4eF te e r e e s ig t n han oil co fe a l l . and recommends the cultivation of the flower to the increasing as a means of affording a profitable employment population of the British empire. ... 1 yonmiNG SUN. • JOHN CRITCHLEY PRINCE. (From Chambers' Journal.) Prince is a factory workman at Hyde, in Lancashire, about thirty-three years of age, the father of a family, and earning wages to the amount o f a b out e i ghteen shil lings a-wee. From an early age he had a taste for poetry, and has been himself a versifier. pursuing his tuneful vocation amidst personal and domestic circum stances of the most unfavourable nature. The life of this poor son of the Muses has included even more hard ship than generally belongs to the class of artisans with which he is connected. He was reared to his father's business of a reed maker for weavers, and married at the early age of nineteen. Two or three years after, findi ng his in come miserably insufficient for his little family, he was tempted to go in search of work to St. Quentin, in Picardy, but reached that place only to find that the then recent revolution of July, IS3O, had paralysed everything. He then, with a very small remnant of money, proceeded by way of Paris to Mulhausen on the Upper Rhine, believing that he should there obtain good employment ; but Mulhausen proved to be in the same state with St. Quentin. He was here a penniless stranger, amongst a people whose language he did not know, and many of whom were in the same distress with himself. Without the means to return, and in hopes of a revival of trade, he lingered at the place for five months, often suffering greatly from hunger, and indebted for any little supplies he did obtain chiefly to the kindness of one person. What follows will be allowed, we think, to be a striking enough example of the hardships sometimes endured by those who have to beg a brother man " for leave to toil." Finding that his hopes *ere fruitless, and the de sire of again seeing his wife and children becoming in supportable, lie at length determined to undertake the task of walking home, through a stranger land, for many hundred miles, without a guide, and without money. Accordingly, in the middle of a severe winter (January, 1831), with an ill-furnished knapsack on his back, and ten sous in his pocket, he set off from Mulhausen to re turn to Hyde, in Lancashire, with a heart as light as the treasure in his exchequer. For a few days he kept along the beautiful and romantic banks of the Rhine, exploring its ruined castles, and visiting every scene of legendary lore that came in his path, exclaiming in the words of his favourite poet, Goldsmith, " Creation's heir, the world, the world is mine !" He journeyed through Strasburgh, and admired its splendid cathedral ; through Nanci, Verdun, Rheims, Luneville, Chalons,' and most of the principal cities, sze., that lay near his route, till he reached Calais once more ; obtained from the British Consul a passage across the Channel, and again set his foot on his native soil. During this toilsome journey, he subsisted on the charity of the few English residents whom he found on his way. He lay in four different hospitals for the night, but not once in the open air, as he did afterwards in his own country. The first night after his arrival, he applied for food and shelter at a workhouse in Kent, and was thrust into a miserable garret, with the roof sloping to the floor, where he was incarcerated along with twelve others—eight men and four women, chiefly Irish—the lame, the halt, and the blind. Some were in a high state of fever, and were raving for drink, which was denied to them ; for the door was loked, and those out side, like the bare walls within, were deaf to their cries. 'Weary and wayworn, he lay down on the only vacant place amid this . mass of misery—in a sleeping chamber for the unfortunate child of woe, the hapless vagrant in Christian England—at the back of an old woman, who appeared to be in a dying state ; but he could get no reit for the groans of the wretched around him, and the crawling vermin which, quitting hi s com panions, crept up and d own his limbs, exciting in him the most horrid loathing. Joyfully did he indeed hail the first beam of morning that broke through the cran nies of this chamber of famine and disease ; and when the keeper came to let him out, his bed-fellow was dead Released from this lazar-house, he proceeded on ward, penniless and shoeless, towards London, begging in the daytime, and lying in the open fields at night. When he readied London he had been the whole day without food. To allay the dreadful, but to him then familiar, cravings of hunger, he went to Rag Fair, and, taking off his waistcoat, sold it for eightpence. With the proceeds of this sale he bought a penny loaf to mitigate his hunger, and four pennyworth o f wr i t i ng paper, with which h entered a tavern, and, calling for a pint of porter, proceeded to the writing of as much of his own poetry as his paper would contain, and this amid th e riot and noise of a number of coal-heavers and others. As soon as he had done his task, he went round to a number of booksellers, hoping to sell his manuscript for a shilling or two ; but the hope was, alas, vain ! To these mercantile men the appearances and manners of the famishing bard were against him—he could not suc ceed in finding taste for his poetry, or sympathy for his sufferings. He stayed in London during two days, wandering by day, foodless, through its magnificent and wealth-fraught streets, and pacing about, or lying on the cold stones in gateways, or on the bare steps of the affluent, by night. In depair, on the third day, he left the metropolis of the land of his birth, where he was a greater stranger, and less cared for, than in a foreign land, and wended his way homeward, first applying for relief to the overseer of " merry Islington," where, urged by the stings of famine, he was importunate when denied as sistance, and was, therefore, for his temerity, thrust into the street to starve. A youthful and unabused constitu tion, however, saved him from what might have followed to a less healthful frame and a less buoyant heart. At length, by untiring perseverance, he reached Hyde, having slept by the way in barns, vagrant offices, under hay-stacks, and in miserable lodging-houses with ballad singers, match-sellers, and mendicants, fully realising the adage of Shakspeare, that " misery makes a man ac quainted with strange bed-fellows." On his route from London he ground corn at Birmingham, sung ballads at Leicester, lay under the trees in Sherwood Forest, near Nottingham, lodged in a vagrant office at Derby, made his bivouac at Bakewell, in Derbyshire, in a " lock-up ;" and, finally, reached Hyde, but found, alas, that it contained for him a home no longer. Whilst poverty had thus brought suffering upon him, when in quest of better means to provide for his family, it had also brought woe and privation upon his wife and babes. Unable to provide for her children by her labour, she had been compelled to apply for parish aid, and was in consequence removed to the poorhouse of Wigan. After a night's rest, Prince hurried off to that town, and brought them back to Manchester, where he took a garret, without food and clothes, without bed and furniture, or an article of use of any description. On a bundle of straw did this wretched family of man, and wife, and three children, lie for several months. Ultimately he settled in the factory at Hyde, wh i er e he still remains. During all his hardships he h as never ceased, at leisure hours, to indulge his taste for poetry. He is described as a modest and re tiring man, of correct habits ; and to this cause pro ' bably, as much as to the real merits of his composi tions, we are to attribute the subscrition which has enabled him to give a collection of his verses to the public. His volume having by accident come into our hands, we find it to contain much smooth and elegant poetry, marked generally by good feeling and a love for the beauties of nature ; and we fully accord with his Editor, who says—" Nor would a stranger to the man infer that his polished lines were the ,outpourings of a, self-educated artisan, who had given them birth amid scenes of the most dire distress, or under the prostl'ating influence of fatigue, surrounded by the anti poetical smells of oil and steam, and the rumbling clatter of wheels and machinery in a cotton mill." The following is a specimen of this poor man's poetical effusions : I'm a very strange wight, with a very strange name, Unaided by fortune, unfavour'd by fame ; I am homely in person and awkward in speech, Yet am willing to learn, though unable to teach.. Sometimes 1 am sunny, and buoyant, and g2:4 As the breezes an d b owers i n the bright Sometimes,And heavy, and de gDlooecmemyb.earn,dl radial of May o But feelin gs lik e t h ese are engender ' d in l i fe, 'r peevish rasped o a u n g d h r ug h By poverty, toil, disappointment, and strife; But away with reflection, and care, and the rest on't, I live for to-day, and I'll just make the best on't. I've a passion for woman, and music, and joyance, And from children I pin more delight than annoyance : As for woman herself, in the season of need , Without her this world were a desert indeed _ In my evenings of leisure I fly to m y books, With their quiet, unchanging, intelligent looks Whene'er I am with thous, sweet visions come o'er me, And as to my c hoice, uw bv I read all before me ; page, and laughter from thi s So between one I have lea-min/4'o"u that Be It wisdom or wit, it can ne er come amiss— and O'er ai& t'other, 1 manage to sweep deal of surface—but never go deep. LONDON ELECTRICAL SOCIETY. Div]) Ay, JULY 20.—The papers read at this meeting were ce,lst. On the Perforation of Non-Cond uct i ng Sub tan by the mechanical action of the e l ectric fluid, o by Andrew Crosse, Esq., Mem. Elec.. Soc. 2d. The Ef fects of Vegetable Points on Free Electricity, an d t h e position they thus occupy in the economy of vegetation, rom es as by Pollock, Esq Heat, a n d t h e i r Con- Mem by Mr. Pine, of Maidstone. 3d. A n A ccount of Expe riments undertaken to Investig ate t h e Nature and d c u b o a ti n n ge g of Power, Colour b y of B T El ec . Soc. 4th. On the M et h od of Restoring to Weakened Magnets their P r i m i tive Strength, by Muncke (translation). sth. Results of Ex periments made with a Groves' Battery, by Professor De la Rive (translation). 6th. Monthly Register, for June 1841, of the Electrical State of the Atmosphere, in re lation to its Metereological Phenomena, by W. H. Weekes, Esq. It would be fruitless to attempt giving, within our limits, an abstract of all these interesting communications ; let it suffice to mention the general features, and to direct our readers to the proceedings of the Society for further information. The first paper teaches the possibility of drilling even diamonds by the agency of electricity. The second describes the little noticed, but extraordinary, functions of the leaves of plants. The third is a bold, but pos sible attempt to generalise the imponderable agents of nature. The fourth contains a very sensible mode of preserving and restoring magnetic power, and is well worthy the notice of those who possess magnetic' ma chines. The fifth contains further confirmation of cer tain experiments on the electric flow ; and some inte resting theoretical observations on its rotation with a with the extensive ap- S:tncl% ich. paratus erected over the town of • magnet. The sixth is the Monthly R e g is t er, t he elec trical data of which are obtained CFlyears see ago as the ~ m was R 1 consideredc A . i ' h ibr by ty a a l mos t the extreme boundary of the hardiest enterprise. But now the " far west " i s at a much greater distance on GeneseeA NGE try th e one side, than the oldest east on the other. What CHANGES IN A" wa s then a tedious, uncomfortable, six weeks' j ourney , is now performed with ease and comfort in three days ; and when they get railroads and steam-carriages, it can be effected in less than one. The time may come when the Yankee shall breakfast at New York, dine at Buffalo, sup at Detroit, and get to Green Bay early enough for parade the next morning. ty ot tI rS eco