The Sun. — London, England, 1841-01-25 00:00:00

EVENING E ; NOT I CE. " THE CHINA SUN," Which was RE-PUBLISHED on the 6th INSTANT, with the LATEST NEWS from CHINA, IS NOW ON SALE. Price: SIXPENCE. Orders reeeived at the Sun Office, No. 112, Stand. IN PROGRESS, 111 141 RAILWAY SUN. With a MAP of all the RAILWAYS in du United Kingdom ; containing all the STA TIONS on each Railway, and a great variet of Information and other particulars connected With Railways. THE CORONATION SUN, P RINTED IN LETTERS OF GOLD WITH A BEAUTIFUL PORTRAIT OF IER MAJESTY, THE QUEEN, man be sent by post free to all parts of the Empire. Price SIXPENCE. Office, 112, Strand, London. POST-OFFICE ORDERS AND BANKERS. r rri TT E wish—(for ideal mistrust)—is father • to the thought." For as much as, by the in and ; I n e t administration of the present Whig and Tory Governments ing „individually se well as collectively concerned in the tn ' n -honse kstablishments of the y and provincial Cwita---is the secret reason for the lax and winking system, 11 regard to the immediate delivery of "MONEY ORDERS" cannelmi through the medium of the hitherto official t , e in each post town throughout the empire, agreeable to antient and modern Legislation, to that intent. The e lng interest monopoly, together with their new-born :?n,ftederates " The Joint-stock Bankers," wishing, for the sake 7 1 turning a penny , ' on 'Change, to become the sole (insol nt).go-betweens of the humbler classes in money matters in opposition to (a public security by) a general government as ou ght to b e , an d i s , d es i r ed by all—under " No mistake." Hence ! arises amongst " the little ones" of both town and country the present commercial inconvenience—now felt by Veratives of Leeds, Glasgow, and Birmingham, in whose rhtlf this advertisement is set forth, by CHARLES ACKER FLY, Author and Patentee of the Asthmatic Breast Lamp, ; O r the aged su ff erer under a di ffi culty of breathing, as giving 'natant ease. Chambers 5, Swallow-street, Quadrant. Now ready, Third Edition, post free, Is. 4d., Five Plztes, with Portrait, HE LIFE and EXPLOITS of COMMO DORE NAPIER, K.C.8., OFF ALEXANDRIA. The smartest affair is yet to be told. Charles Napier, on Viday, the 25th, talking with the :Admiral, remarked that Sido n was not in our possession, and said, " If you like I will I-° down and take it, and be back again in forty-eight hours." e started, and was as good as his word. Napier was most dar l°g. On the tops of the houses be made his way, waving his ;kat on the point of his sword, and cheering on the men to vie ,rY.—(Vide Plate I.) sell e Londo n: St range , P a t ernos t er - row , an d a ll C oun t ry Book r,. 13, Great Marlborough-street. M.R. SWINBURNE'S LETTERS From te COUR of PARIS, NAPLES , VIEN NA TS , and LONDON, Fill he ith a Memoir of the Author, by the Editor, eady in a few days, in 2 vols. Lo co. with Portraits. Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Orders received by all Booksellers. THE FIRST VOLUME OF A L GNES STRICKLAND'S LIVES of the NEW QUEENS of ENGLAND, and REVISED EDITION, with ADDITIONS, ic h "°W READY for uster dlivery at all the Booksellers', price 6 4- bound, with illations. Colburn, Publisher, 13, Gieat Marlborough -street. 1 - 1 18 MAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA baying AUTHORISED and GU/1- EIF LEED leveral DISTRIBUTIONS of MONEY eferIDENDs, whisti (bo ngthry are NO LOTTERIES) 414 1 possibilities of obtaining LARGE FORTUNES, A re HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH, pe__Tiow SELLING BONDS for the Et hel DsTrununoNs. 'lons desirous to purchase for one of next Distributions ieJ rezeivei PREVIOUS to giving any orders, the PROS US and PARTICULARS, upon addressing, WITH -. DELAY, a line to HEINE, BOTHES, at HAMBURGN. h,, T RE NEXT D ISTRIB R UTION R , contains SEVEN HUN. `IIIED DIVIDENDS, amounting to £72,170, 425 onn Tae Dividends being b ' o £BOO £l2O £B O I +soo 400 110 70 1000 0 200 100 60 eOO 150 90 50 Sterling. THR ----- "-- A •NDER t i s RE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. -- la MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS. THIS EVENING. JAN. 25. Will be repeated £hakspere's MI DSU3AMER NIGHT'S DREAM. 11 1 , 1 : 114 1, Mr. Cooper; Quince, Mr. Bartley; Bottom,. Mr. k ; Mute, Mr. Keeley ; Snout, Mr. Meadows ; Snug, i V s , tr • Matthews ; Hermia, Airs. Nisbett ; Oberon, Madame r,c,,1 Titania, Mrs. W. Lacy ; Puck, Miss Marshall; First 'lt gigs Rainfu r tb. he N I ., After which, --"`" GRAND CHRISTMAS PANTOMIME will be THErepeated, entitled I'ASTLE OF OTRANTO; OR, HARLEQUIN b Hell. AND THE GIANT HELMET. itit a i 1 14 11_, Mr. C. J. Smith ; Clown, Mr. T. R idgway; ir. Alo~etli 7 Calumbine, Miss Fairbrother. Merry Wives of Windsor, with The New e• edne s d a 11 ' P t — Y. The Midsummer Night's Dream, with the evotru me. N 'te. I. l : l ri Tlday, the Midsummer Night's Dream, with The b oor e. e44 tße: t b opened at half-past Six—the performances to Ti ee at Sevey o'Cleck. 'a th e ;la and places for the Boxy:. to be taken of Mr. Grogan 14 1b.1" - Ace from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets "ad apensapplication. titej:sBj3"xes_, 7 a . ;- Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First and Second ; Second. Price, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, 3s. ; Second Price. 'lle Rond-laC l :i st t r e e :s t ! had solely of Mr. Andiaws, bookseller E A ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. VeMent of the C e l e b rate d C as k V au l ter , i n a dd ition t o 4th4ll,Yorth's triumphantly successful Tower of London, and „Ite a knowleilgeest 'Pantomime, which are attracting nnt overflowsd ev b ery evenin!,-. Will 're i s _ THIS EVENING, JAN. 23, acted a Grand Historical Romance, founded on arid entitled THE TOWER OF LONDON. able THE Vivans, s pl en did C ostume , an d A ppo i ntmen t s , 4kk es itsr t he Digns of the celebrated George Crinkshanks. ""%ch will be repeated the Grand Traditionary Pantomilno! entitled 471e,QUIN AND MY LADY LEE; OR, GOOSEY wl ", "RR AND THE SPELL-BOUND GOSLINGS. taiiii;:hwt.ll,? astonishing and incradible evolutions , of the Cask ''.14, 4 , 5i ill be given, as well as Brunning s Grand Dioramic 1 1,16 41 ,‘, 0 f Syria ; th e Pantomimic Characters by the mill- . 0 4,1 0 Family; Mr. Southby, the Original Clogn 610%•-"arPe, Felix Columbine • and the astonishing Gymnastique, 1141. Carle, from ' Franeoni's, at Paris. PRI NCKsS" F I'HEATRE, OXORD-STREET. PROMENADE CONCERTS, Under the Direction of Mr. WILLY. LAST NIGHT OF THE SEASON. TIIIs THE BENEFIT OF MR. WILLY. EVENING, JAN. 25.—PROGRAMME. 9, 4 rta r „ PART FIRST. m uktrq ,---. L , eonora—Beethoven. Visi t , l "e---„ Pal ich nello—Musard. 01, erj zir andhofen—Labit zky. Flo Chcval Bronze—Auber. 6 . 11 t he Violi n by Mr. Willy, Introduction and Polonaise— ‘)seder, F :lure in D. Op. 60—A. Romberg. with Solos for Violoncello. Violin, Oboe, Bassoon, r4 s, and G o t a Bassi—Han sel. Ov,„ tu PART SECOND. r e. " - 011eF011—Weber. Sol o en La Princess e —Co o t o . Vlr al t the Clarionet by Herr Itjen. rzd•-tiVa teito eoino ri ay —in pity La o n n ne l ,n sidorabl Symphon y incre aw d t he ( for which Orchestra has been ,:r!,lnenade, ls ,-Diess Ci rc l e , 2 s . —U pper B oxes , I s . 6d. and of mr. Boxes, I / . I s. and 10s. 6d. each, may be had at t he i\litchell, Old Bond-street. "•••• IN ATER AT LON DON BR GI IDR TO-MORROW. Minutes after 4. l Evening .16 minutes attar 4. the Itulioation of t' F.vening Edition of Tins Sex emu saen ltt teeci at 50 minutes after Three. d_ (-4 gltiL LONDON: MONDAY, JANUARY 25, IE4I. WI e refer our readers to thc report of the meet -I,IIR at Lei cester for the abolition of Church-rates it he spee c h of that consistent and unflinching f ef°ruler, Mr. HUME, deserves e s attention or the soup o d advi ce p it contains, and the just cen ,itlre it casts on certain Dissenters, and on Mem uere of the House of Com mons calling themselves Liberal, But for the apathy of one party and the Inshne ss of the other, the Bill introduced by the h ate CILAN cELLoft of the EXCHEQUER would h " Passed i nto a law, Church property would 470 been better managed, and an end put tlthose unseemly squabbl es i n c h urc h es an d c h ape l s I° ne 18 'this obn ox i ous and unjust tax on Dissenters. Government, it is true, were not to bame " this score, but they were to blame in not using every exertion to remove the causes of their failure., to extend the suffrage and purify those smaller boroughs now as rotten as Old Sarum. We there— fore do not view their defeat without some mixt► ire of gratification, because it must convince the peoi )1e of Leicester, and Leeds, and other large towns, Who arc now crying out for Reform, that with such a House of Commons, or any one returned under the present state of the electoral franchise, no redress, ' not even the removal of this miserable impost can be rationally expected. Let them, therefore, rally their forces, not for petty skirmishes against Church-rates or partial . grievances, but against the q,reat grievance, the defective state of the represen tation. Till that is removed they will find the clergy, the aristocracy, and those who thrive by corruption too many for them. Mr. O'CoNNELL's reception at Leeds which— notwithstanding the efforts made to excite a preju dice against him by some of the more misguided Chartists—was in every respect a triumphant one, will, we hope, help to disabuse him of the strange notion he has lately taken up, that the majority of Englishmen are indifferent to the welfare of Ireland. Never was a public man listened to with more respectful attention by an immense assembly ; and never did his cursory references to the present condition of the sister country elicit more heart felt sympathy. Much of this was of course owing to his own impassioned and persuasive eloquence ; but more—much morc—was attributable to a con viction on the part of his audience that he was pleading the cause, not of sophistry, but of com mon sense—not of ascendancy, but of equal jus tice. for his Catholic fellow-countrymen. Yet, flattering as it was, the Hon. and Learned Gentle man's reception at Leeds was not one jot more flattering than it would have been at any other great English town he had visited. Everywhere he would have found the same kindly disposition towards Ireland, combined with the same readiness to assist her in preserving those rights of which Lord STANLEY th7eatens to dispossess her ; for JOHN BULL, if not a very quick-witted, is at any rate a very sagacious, old gentleman ; he knows full well the difference between right and wrong ; can distinguish between a hawk and a hand-saw ; and, above all, is remarkable for his love of fair-play. This is a truth which Mr. O'CONNELL might have known long ago. He need not have travelled to Leeds to ascertain it ; but having once—accord ing to his own confession—found that the case really is as we state it, we trust he will henceforth be cautious how he accuses " the Saxons" of being indifferent to the interests of the sister country. The Conservative party, he should re member, is not England, any more than the noisy Republican faction in Paris, is France. The Hon. and Learned Gentleman's speech was in his most lively, spirited, and pointed manner. He told his Leeds audience many useful truths, especially on the subject of the 'Elective Franchise and the Ballot, which, he observed, must go hand in-hand together, otherwise they would do more harm than good. "On whatever side," said Mr. O'CONNLLL, " the poor man gives his vote, ruin threatens him on the other ; give him the franchise without the protection of the Ballot, and you but tempt him to plunge himself and his children into destruction." A shrewd, per- anent hint this to those Reformers of one idea, who conceive that in the Banot alone lies a sufficient remedy for all the evils growing, out of the present system of election I In his al lusions to the House of Lords, the Hon. and Learned Gentleman was, we think, rather too lenient. Considering that this body is essentially Tory in character, and distinguished by its hos tility to Ireland and everything Irish, they were let off much too easily. Their " hereditary wis dom" should hare been insisted on with more vigour, and its blessed effects on Reform have been pointed out with more minute ness of detail. The House of Lords is no friend to Mr. O'CONNELL, and lie will not disarm its hostility by t►cating it with forbearance. He had better, therefore, strike hard, whenever the opportunity offers, for it is only by a severe course of discipline that refractory and prejudiced bodies of men can be rendered amenable to reason. When a Russian officer—says a recent traveller—wishes effectually to reform a disobedient subaltern, he does not gently remonstrate with him, but at once gives him the knout, which effects all the good he could desire ; and in like manner, if Mr. O'CONNELL wishes to render their Lordships more tractable, he must give them the knout, for he may rely on it, all his moderation will be thrown away, and this is the only hint they will take either from him or from any one else. It was by knouting the collective " hereditary wisdom " that we wrung from it the Reform Bill ; and it is by the knout— and the knout only—that Mr. O ' CONNELL will ever be able to induce it to turn a favourable ear to the supplications of Ireland. Ms. O'CONNELL ' S remark that the:advocates of Reform ought to have a Central Association in in London acting in concert with the Leeds and other provincial societies, is one that de serves every attention. By such means, una nimity of sentiment and opinion will be greatly increased among the Reformers ; their moral in fluence will be multiplied tenfold ; they will be brought more into contact with each other ; their mutual asperities will be softened ; their re solution, instead of flagging as it has so often done of late, will hare a constant stimulus imparted to it ; the &rculation of useful intelligence will be quicker and easier among them ; and instead of moving in separate orbits, they will move altogether as one compact, majestic, irresistible body. As the approaching meeting of Parliament will probably prevent us from saying anything further on the Corn-laws, we must now state some of our objections to a fixed duty of any amount. We put entirely out of view, fur the present, the injustice of such a duty, intended to benefit the landowners at the expense of the rest of the people ; we put out of view the injury it will do our trade, by keep ing prices here higher than in other nations, and to that extent encouraging their trade, and depress ing ours ; we put out of view the religious, or popular, part of the question, though all these are of great importance, and we shall confine ourselves entirely to the consideration of the effects of a fixed duty on the agriculturists themselves. In their name, then, we protest against it. The intended effect of a fixed duty is to keep up the price of corn in this country higher than it would be by the whole amount of the duty. The landlords and the farmers believe that the in tended effect will be produced, and the former will demand, and the latter will be willing to pay, a higher rent than they would pay were there no fixed duty. By the higher sum, which the farmer contracts to pay, his obligations will be enhanced. But that is not the only mode in which his obligations will be enhanced. On the seed corn he uses, whether he grow it_ or not, a higher rent will have been paid than would have been without a fixed duty, which he must pay. A similar fact is true of all his outgoings. Money wages, poor-rates, sadlers' and iromongers' bills, groceries, everything he buys, will be somewhat raised in price by the tax on food. In short all his obligation s will be increased by the tax; the ques tion for him to consider is, can he recover the tax -from the public in the price of his crops so as COlll pletely to cover himself, and reader the tax advan tageous, or even not a loss to him ? We speak only of the fat mer—of the tenant who hires the land ; for by the supposition the rent re ceiver, the mere owner of the land, who does no thing whatever towards raising the crop—whose smiles are not sun-shine, and whose sweat is not ramp, is benefited by the tax. His rent is increased. But the farmer, it is our opinion, will not be to recover from the public, in the price of his crops, the additional obligations he will incur by the tax enhancing the rent. Practically our view_ is borne out by what has taken place under the present law, which having been intended to secure a protection to the farmer of 30s. Bd. when wheat sells for 565. id., the average of the last eleven years has, in fact, only secured him a protection of ss. sd. The present law has cheated the farmer, and so will a fixed duty. The peculiar condition of the farmer seems to us to be overlooked. He first of all contracts with his landlord to pay him a certain sum at Lady-day perhaps, and Michaelmas. That is one certain obligation, from which he cannot escape. Next come all the rates, which are fixed and cannot be avoided. Then he has to make great advances for seed corn, for stock, for labour, having to look to the growing crops for his remuneration. His obligations and his advances are certain, the remuneration is contingent and uncertain. Now, this certainty on the one hand, and this con tingency on the other, must, on an average of years, tell against the farmer, provided his obligations be enhanced, as they will be, by any tax on food, whe ther fixed or fluctuating. Under the most favourable circumstances, it may be doubted whether the con tingencies would not, in the long run, beat the far mer ; but, under the circumstance of his obligations being enhanced, as we have mentioned, he must lose. It is plain that the consequence of the certain obligations which the farmer contracts is to com pel him, as soon as his crops are harvested and thrashed, to sell. The majority of farmers have not capital to carry them over two years ; they have not capital sufficient to retain their own crops in their own hands, pay their debts, and carry on the cultivation of the land for another year. if they had so much capital,- it is clear that they might, without any law, exact their own terms for food, and enrich themselves, or starve the people. On the contrary, the approach of every harvest finds the bulk of the farmers a deeply indebted race. They are indebted for rent, in debted for many shop-bills, indebted, for rates and taxes, and, to pay their debts, they must sell their crops. Now, whatever enhances, like a tax on food, the obligations of the farmer, makes the com pulsion that lays on him to sell the more stringent, and places him more certainly at the mercy of the capitalist. • IF he had to deal directly with the consumer, whose want of food is probably as urgent as his want of money, it might not be so bad for him. But the farmer sells to the capitalist, who buys not to eat, but to make a profit en selling again. He is well aware of the necessities of the farmer and of the consumer, and will only buy and sell when it is advantageous to himself. On both sides he gains. The grower must sell, the consumer must eat, and the capitalist makes it his business to profit by the ne cessities of both. We do not object to his occupation,. we think it fair and legitimate ; it equalises prices through the year, and, like the fly-wheel of a steam engine, spreads an irregular jerking force equally and smoothly over the whole machine. But the tax, by enhancing the obligations of the farmer, and making it more difficult for the consumer to get food, inereaseQ the power of the capitalist over both, and he is enabled to make better terms for him self, both with the person he buys from and the person he sells to. To the farmer, the advan tage given to the capitalist is most injurious, be cause his obligations cannot be shaken off. The law, pretending to benefit him, adds to his debt, and makes the debtor farmer the servant or slave of the capitalist. There is still another consideration. Population adapts itself, and sometimes by a most painful process, as at present, to the supply of food. The result of that adaptation is, that, on an average of years, the supply equals the demand. The people get about enough to eat, according to their own ideas and customs, and there is none to spare. But now comes a scanty year. The price being higher in England by the fixed duty than in countries where there is no such duty, corn will flow in abundantly, and prevent our farmers from getting a rise in price commensurate to the shortness of the crop. If the price had not been previously raised by the duty, it is clear that the competition betwixt the English and the foreign farmer would be equal, and the prices would rise to remunerate the former as well as the latter.. The tax in scanty years operates as a bounty for the fo, reigner to enter our markets, and so prevents our farmers from realizing the price necessary with the short clop to meet their obligations enhanced by th e t a x. They lose, therefore, and will be unable to recover from the public in the price of the corn the amount of the tax they have agreed to pay the landlords. Again, let us suppose an abundant season ar rives. The people being fed by an average crop, and our prices being by the tax higher than prices on the Continent, the farmer can find no vent for 11;s abundance, but by lowering the price. He is at the mercy of the capitalist ; he must have money to carry on cultivation ; he must clear his stack-yard to make room for the next year's crop ; his pro duce wastes and deteriorates by being kept, and on these accounts he is obliged to sell. If the price on the Continent on an average year were equal to prices here, the surplus crop might be exported, but the effect of the fixed duty will be, to keep our prices higher than 'on the Continent, and render it im possible for the farmer to find a market abroad. Down, then, will go prices, far more than is commensurate to the surplus of the crop, and the farmer will not be able to re cover from the public the tax he has agreed to pay the landlord. So well known is this process, that it has generally been customary to unite a bounty on exportation, when prices fell below a certain point, with a fixed duty. There is now no probability, however, that a bounty will be con ceded, and, consequently, a fixed duty must be as injurious to the farmer as is the present fluctuating scale, which has impoverished and degraded him. We remain therefore firmly attached to the TOTAL repeal of all the taxes on food ; and if this were not the end of a long article it might be shown that an immediate as well as a total repeal, whatever evil it might inflict on spendthrifts who have mortgaged their estates, would be most bene ficial to the agriculturists. 'What is the reason the aristocracy are so dread fully suspicious of the people ? They are conscious of wronging them. Why do the aristocracy, and the writers connected with the aristocracy, continually attribute to the people, in relation to the Govern ment, the worst designs ? The aristocracy borrow the imputations from their own practices. We men tioned on Thursday that the aristocracy knowingly. and designedly, passed the Corn-law to keep down the manufacturing, the new or demo cratic population. They have an insuperab!( version to our Birminghams and Manchesters, as he pedlars had an aversion to good roads and 4: --..-,, ... .9. ,- ...13 p. ..,.... a ' m- ' 44.T -.., "!' • E STJN, LONDON, MONDAY, JANUARY 25, IQ4I. , stag e-coaches, or as the ancient copyists had an -av'e . 4 rston to printing. In them new trades are prac tised, which .th e l or d s of the so i l cannot un d erstan d and wealth su r p ass i ng their,own is acquired with out paying th em , as formerly, either tolls or homage. I3ence arise in the landowners envy and hatred, which they sneakingly gratify by a law, pretending to act for the good of the public, while their bolder ancestors, animated by similar motives, sallied forth from their castles and ravaged the towns or pillaged the merchants. For ages--for ever, in fact—there has existed this kind of feud between old arts and new arts, between an old po pulation and a new population ; but it is only in our time that the possessors of the old arts, being also in possession of the power of making laws, have endeavoured to gratify their base passions by reducing them to the form of solemn enactments. The aristocracy bear about them the conscious ness of their own bad deeds, politically speaking, and that makes them jealous and suspicious of the people. Their consciences make them cowards. They live in dread of their fellow-countrymen, and they spare no means to keep them in subjection. They have a monopoly of all the powers of Government. The legislature is in their hands. The Executive Government is composed of some of them, and is their instrument. Every branch of the public service is officered as it were by them or their creatures. The Army is entirely in their hands. The Church is established to promote their ends, and preach doctrines agreeable to them. Their existence as an aristocracy is a standing conspiracy against the rights and liberties of the people. What they do themselves they dread in others. They know that they are oppressors, and they accuse the people of wishing to be so. We do not share their alarm. Political power is only iiischievous when concen trated ; diffused through the community it is as harmless as physical power. The public antici pate no mischief from any individual, merely because he is stronger than another. In a democracy, voter controls voter, just as in a large population one man controls an other. To obtain a lasting influence, the aristo cracy must lay aside their oppression, and then they sill lose their suspicions. The restoration of con fidence must proceed from them, and a voluntary resignation of their tax on the people's bread in the approaching Session would do much to restore that harmony betwixt the classes, the want of which threatens, at no distant day, the destruction of the empire. The French Journals of Friday have been received, but those of Saturday have not yet arrived. They are wholly occupied, as might be expected, with the debate in the Chamber of Deputies, on the Fortifications Bill, of which on abridged Report will be found im another part of 7hc Sun. The speech of M. DE LAMARTINE against the Bill will be read with pleasure by all having really at heart the welfare of France. The Austrian Minister and the Papal Internuncio at Berne, have protested against the suppression of the convents in the Canton of Argau, on the ground that the Act violates the fundamental compact recognised by the Congress of Vienna. It was supposed that the French Minister would unite in this protest. From Madrid we have advices of the 15th inst. No further interruption of the public tranquillity had taken place. A good deal of business was transacted in the Bourse. The Five per Cents. rose to 301 for cash. BO UR SE.PARIA, FRIDAY, JAN. 22 2 test Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Price. Price French 5 per Cents ll2 10 ... 111 45 ... 112 :35 ... 112 50 4% per Cents 4 per Cents 3 per Cants 77 20 .. 77 20 ... 77 10 ... 77 20 Rank of erance ',Witte Bank 1,0001, SO lO5O ...10.50 ...M.1.5 ...:845 t'elgian Bank 5 per Cents S:B% ~. 98% ... 98% ... 98% 3 per Cents 69 ... 69 ... (19 ... 69 New Loan 9 8% ••• 1)8% ... DS% ... 18% Spanish Active 0 ... 25% ... 25% ... 253 i, Passive 6% ... 6% ... 6% ... 6% New Deferred Portuguese 3 per Cents 20% ... 20% ... •207.1 ... 20% Neapolitan Roman IV) ... 100 ... 100 ... 1(0 MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS, CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK. We have no Liverpool Cotton Market of Saturday. MANcnEsTEn STOCK EXCHANGE, JAN. 23. —There has been more business done to-day, but at lower prices. The sales are, Grand Junction, 214; London and Birmingham, (quarters) 27i; London and South Western, 57i; Manches ter and Leeds, 76 76i and 76; Manchester and Birmingham Extension, 2/. 18s. 6d. ; Manchester and Salford Bank, 10%; Union Bank of Manchester, Ba. The Lapwing packet has arrived with a mail from Rio Janeiro, sailed Nov. 26, by which we have received a Price Current of Nov. 26. The intelligerce received last night by the Spider packet of the adjustment of the difference between France and the Argentine Republic, and the raising of the blockaee of Buenos Ayres, has not produced any effect upon our Money Market. The foregoing convention was ratified by General Rosas on the 3d October. Exchange.--The current rate upon London was 321 until the 19th and 20th, on which day fair accounts were negotiated at 33, from which period the whole of the transactions re ported were at 323. Money came forward comparatively abundant at the latter rate, and it fell to 324 34. Transac tions were likewise reported at 321 but for a very insignificant sum. Stocks have been 77 and at that price there are purchasers. Specie—Spanish Doubloons improved upon the 19th from D. 26 800 to 27 200 and further to 27 400. Discounts—the rate continued high, but money is obasined with rather less difficulty; We have received Cape of Good Ilope papers to the 22nd November. From the Frontier we only hear of peace and politeness ; to make the first permanent, men have only to cultivate the latter. SLAVE TuArit.—The Amelia, from Mozambique of 31st October, detained by her Majesty's brig Acorn, came into this port on Thursday evening with ten slaves and 25,000 Spanish dollars on board, all lawful prize. We have heard from gout authority that the Portuguese Governor of Mozambique has declared himself against the slave trade, and that he has taken active measures to suppress it. We have received the Journal of Antwerp of Saturday's late ; that of Sunday has not as yet arrived. BOURSE OF AMSTERDAM, JAN. 21.—The prices of the ,Na tional Funds have ♦aried little, and the affairs have not been of importance. The firmness of the Bourse of London had not Any effect here. The Actions of the Society of Commerce opened at 160, got up to 160, and closed at 160 k Ar doin's Spanish having got up in London, and being 'core firm it Antwerp, were better, and done at 217 15-16. After the ,late Coupons 18 3 / 1 13.16. The Bamburgh paper of the 19th instant has just arrived. Exchange upon London, 13 2 ; Gold, 424 ; Metalliques, 105 ; Bank Actions, 1675. The Siddons packet-ship hat arrived from New York, old date. THE FUNDS. Consols opened this morning at the leaving off prices of Sa turday, 90 3 / 4 Buyers for Feb. 25 • Money, 89% 90; Exche quer Bills, 6 8 prem. ; Bank Stock, 169 170 ; India Stock, 250 252. In the Foreign Market Spanish Active as they left off on Saturday, 25 3 / 4 ; Deferred, I'4 13 3 / 4 ; Passive, 6 3 / 4 ; Portu olese same, ; Three per C ents., 20} ; Brazilian, 73 74 ; Colombian same, 23* ; Mexican, 264 ; Dutch Two-and- Half per Cents, 50i ; Filo per Cents., 991. SDA KES.—Great Western, 26 to 27 prem. ; New, 12 13 prem. ; London and Brighton, 7 63 dis. ; Blackwall, 4} 3 ; Birmingham, 82 84 prem. ; Southampton, 57 58 per share ; Croydon, 12i per share; Greenwich, Si per share ; Manchester and Birmingham, 15 14 dis. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE. RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share. Great Western 65 Ditto Fifths L mdon and Brighten Lyndon and Birmingham Ditto i Shares i.ondon and South Western 38L...... 5 71... .. to 11anehester and Leeds (New Sh. ) 25 ...... 29 to 28 South Eastern and Dover 2B ...... 11 HALF. - PAST ONE. Accounts from Leghorn of Jan. 1. are of a very unfavoura ble nature respecting commercial affairs in Italy. An extra ordinary panic prevails, owing to the., enormous failures which have taken place at Leghorn, Ger oa, Boulogne, Mantua, and Turine. This is entirely attributed to the stagnation in cora merciel affairs. The Buenos Ayres papers . received this mor n i ng , a l t h oug h not of a later date th an p reviousl y rec eived, are of some inte rest. It appears that seven British vessels of war were off the Port of Buenos Ayres—Stag, 46 gu ns; C uraeoa, 24 guns; Rose, 16 guns; Grecian, 16 guns ; Cli o , 16 guns ; Camelion 10 guns; Spider, 6 guns ; The above papers contain the con vention on the part of the Argentine Confederation and the Admiral Macliau, which has already appeared, We have just received the Antwerp Journal of yesterday's date. BOURSE OF AMSTERDAM, JAN. 22.--The national funds continue without variation, as well as no business doing. The attention of the Bourse has been entirely •n the Spanish funds, hwaales,zwesetreerdayl got up to 19A and and above all, that of Ardoin's Coupons, which were vught after 8 better, 3l, owing to the rise at Antwerp. Th e y were done at 22 after the closing; Two and-a-Half per Cents., 50 3-16ths; Five per Cents., 971. ; t A h r e d l o m ii i i ce ; Swi.ihanicibs The British Funds continue in an inactme state to the pre sent time, and we do not hear of a feature worth noticing, with zhe exception that Consols are a shade better, 90k to 90} for the Account, Money t9ii 90 ; Exchequer Bills, 8 6 rem. ; India Bonds, 8 5 dis. ; Bank Sioek, 169 k 1681, lower. In the Foreign Market Spanish Active;, 25k ; Deferred, 13k ; Portuguese, 3'4 ; Three per Cents„ 204 ; Colombian, 23„; Buenos Ayres, 21 ; Dutch T wo - antl-a-llalf per Cents., mti 1, ; Five per Cents., nothing done. In the Share Market little doing. Great Western, fifths,lok ; London and Brighton, 43; Manchester and Leeds, New Shares , 28 ; London and Birmingham, Quarter Shares, 28 1 ; South- Western, 574 ; South Eastern and Dover, 121 13k. 1 , 1 0J presumeaauary 2 t 3 0 , 1841.—A fair " The man who is not a Conserv — ative must be a differ from ti l t' T rice may have to expect ehould that faction force itself into power. traitor." — of T w i h n a l e t si all Stahtousred Say , ROLLS' COURT.-(THIS DAY.) STEADMAN V. MORGAN-JUDGMENT- The only point reserved in this case was as to costs. The MAsTEa of the ROLLS, on coming into,Court this morning, stated that he had looked into the amended bill for the purpose of seeing whether wha t was stated in the answer to the amended bill formed a efficient ground for giving costs against the defendant. The case, his Lordship observed, was somewhat singular. The plain. tiff claimed in the character of a legitimate child. The defeddant;in his first answer admitted him to be such, hut stated in the answer that the suit was unnecessary. The plaintiff then amended the bill, and stated circumstances which in his view rendered the suit necessary; but at the same time distictly interrogates! the defendant whether or uo the marriage was a good marriage, and if not for what reason. Then the defendant in his second answer answered that, and put the plaintiff to prove that which had been before ad mitted. Considering, therefore, that the interrogatory called upon him to say, why the marriage was not valid, and to explain the cir. cumstances, his Lordship would make no special order as to costs. CROSBY V. CHURCH—JUDGMENT, This case was argued last week, when his Lordship decided that the defendants, the executor and residuary legatees of the will of the testator, ought to have retained 1,000/. Three per Cent. Consols in trust to pay the dividends to the plaintifffor her separate use, until her youngest child should attain the age of 21. Unfor tunately for the defendants, instead of retaining the stock upon those trusts they transferred it, at an early period after the testator's death, into the name of the plaintiff, then a married woman, and she, with her husband, sold and transferred the principal to a stranger. The plaintiff now called upon the defendants to replace that stock, and the Master of the Rolls stated last week that, hard as it was upon the defendants, she was entitled to that relief. The youngest child had not attained 21. The other question (upon which judgment was this day given) was, who was entitled to the dividends during the minority of the child ? His Lordship thought that in equity she ought not 'to be permitted, as against the trustees, to maintain any claim in resp,•ct to the dividends, and on the fund being transferred into Court, the dividends ought to be paid to the trustees till further order, with liberty to apply when the youngest child attained 21. WOOD V. DITCDINGS, This case came before the Court upon exceptions taken by the plaintiff, Sir Matthew Wood, M.P., to the Master's Report, which Report had overruled the exceptions taken by the plaintiff to the defendants' answer. As every newspaper reader knows that the cause of " Wood v. Ilitchings" relates to the will of the late Mr. James Wood of Gloucester, and is acquainted with the hi.tory of the same, and as on former occasions we have fully reported this case, it is unnecessary, by again narrating the circumstances, to take up that space which will be better occupied by more novel matter. 'We shall, however, report the judgment of the :haste► of the Rolls when delivered. The arguments of Counsel will not be concluded to-day, The Court will not it to-morrow. QUEEN'S BENCH.-(THIS DAY.) (Sittings in Banco.) THE QUERN V. TEE INHABITANTS OF BMW/LAWS CASTLE. In this case a rule had been obtained, calling on the prosecutor to show cause why the - fine of 30/., imposed upon the defendants, should not he stayed. It was an action for the non-repair of a turnpike road, for which it was alleged that the defendants were liable, and which they had since put into proper repair. The CounT, after hearing the arguments of Counsel, granted the rule. Mr. CRESWFLL moved, on behalf of a party whese name did not transpire, for a rule to show cause why a writ of certiorari should not issue to bring up the proceedings of an inquisition taken before the Coroner fur the County of Lancaster, and shy the party against whom a verdict of manslaughter had been returned by the Jury should not be admitted to bail in the country. It appeared that the death of an infant three weeks old had been caused by the administration of laudanum ; and before the Coroner evidence was given that a girl had gone to the shop of the chemist against whom the verdict had been returned, and asked for acme Godirey's cordial, and that he gave her lauda num. The defendant stated that he had the affidavits of two persons who were in his shop at the time, and who deposed that the girl asked for laudanum. Another witness had since come forward who was also present and who deposed to the same effect. VT . _ .• .• . Ills application to be admitted to bail in the country was not founded on the plea of poverty, but upon the manifest injury which would be the result of taking away a chemist from his business. The COURT said it had become almost the practice to take bail in the country in such cases, and granted the rule. THE NEW JUDGE. It was currently reported in Westminster Hall this morning that Mr. Wightman was to be this new Judge. There seems to be no doubt )n the subject of the retirement of Mr. Justice Little dale at the conclusion of this term. The new Judge, whoever he may be, will go the Northern Circuit with M. Baron Maule. BAIL COURT.-(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Justice WILLIAMS.) ELVENHILL r. NEWTON. Mr. Cttoss applied on behalf of the defendant in this case, who is a barrister, and who was brought up this morning in the custody of the Marshal of the M-rslialsea on a habeas corpus, in order that he might be charged in execution for a remand until the end of the term, in order to give the plaintiff an opportunity of answering an affidavit of the defendant, which set forth that he (the defendant) had no notice of a writ of habeas having been lodged with the marshal to bring him up to be charged in judgment until Saturday evening last ; that he was not aware that any judgment had been obtained against him, and that he had never received any notice of trial in this case, nor had he ever been served with any rule to compute ; that his residence for the last three years had been Providence Cottage, near Ripon, and that no service of any notice:cf trial, or of any rule to compute, had been made then. On these grounds he moved that the defendant should be remanded until the last day of Term, and that a eopy of the de fendant's affidavit should be served on the plaintiff. Mr. Justice WILLIAMS—why net move to set aside the judg. mcnt on the ground of irregularity ? Mr. Cross—That is our intention. Mr. Justice WILLIAMS—You may take a rule, calling on the plaintiff to shew cause why the r..rdict and judgment in this case should not be set aside on the ground of irregularity. COMMON PLEAS-.(THIS DIY.) (Sittings in Banco.) ULYNN V. HOUSTON. This was an action for false imprisonment, brought against the defendant, Sir T. Houston, who was Governor of Gibraltar from 1631 to 1835, in the former of which years the house of the plain_ tiff, a merchant residing in the town at the time, was entered by a pasty of soldiers, whose officer stated that they were sent by the Governor to search for General Torrijos and other Spanish refugees, who were supposed to be concealed there. A sentinel was placed at the door, and Mr. Glynn and his family were placed under a sort of arrest, whilst the search was being made. For this the ac tion was brought, and damages were laid at 10,0001. The case was tried at Guildhall, before Mr. Justice Erskine, when the Jury found for the plaintiff, damages 501. The Attorney-General since obtained a rule nisi to set aside the verdict, and grant a new trial, on the ground that the evidence was not sufficient to bring home the act of the sol diery to the Governor; and secondly, that if it were so, Sir T. Houston, was justified by the order of the Secretary of State, who directed such search to be made, as it was understood that Torrijos and other refugees at that time concealed in Gib ra!tar, were preparing to invade Spain, with which Great Britain was at peace, from British territory; and the result proved that the Government acted upon correct information. Tne Governor wzc not personally responsible for his obedience to that order ; but if he were, the inconvenience complained of by the plaintiff was not connected with hint by the evidence at the trial. The SOLICITOR-GENERAL, and Sir FREDERICK Pol.- Loess showed cause against this rule, contending that the evidence was sufficient to establish against the Governor the illegal detention of Mr. Glynn and his family—that the Jury were justified by the facts, and that the damages were not exces sive. The Governor was not justified by the orders from the Government at home to arrest unaccused persons. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL r:plied. The COURT hold that the question was properly put to the Jury, and that the verdict was borne out by the evidence. Rule discharged accordingly. EXCHEQUER COURT- THIS DA 1. The Court has given notice that their lArdships will sit in Banco on the 11th, 12th, and 13th of February, for the purpose of disposing of the cases which may remain in the new trial and the special paper at the end of the term. There was nothing of the slightest importance to the public came Wore the Court to-day. THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY). CORN Last week's arrival of Barley middling. The fresh supplies lity maintained last quotations ; dull and ls. per quarter lower. former prices, Boiling pease qua.ter dearer. The Oat 11.16 with very little improve.i.eut or. Flour v,ry dull in sale. (:loser .CHANGE, • was good, and of other Grain noderate. Wheat of good qua ; other sorts sold heavily. Barley Beans met a slack demand at unvaried. Grey Peas Is. per 'e was not so lively as last week, ti the terms of this day se'nnight seed lower. FAKES ON BOARD OF TFIP. Wheat,Bed (old) —a —6 Beans, Small (new) 43. 455. White (old) —v. —s• -- (01 00000 G.. R . 45 - 491% ••••••• ed 084.) 5 0 . 54 , Tick (new 37 39 ----- Fine 558 57s Superfine 588. f 3. Harrow (new) 404.41 s White (1840 ....545. 5 ts. -- (old) 445. 4t'/.--- Fine (oa. Ws Brank Superfine 63s 68s. Oats, Feed --.—Foreignf ree .511 6S;. - New °0.235. Rye .38s. 40a. Poland ; ....s. Barley .265.37.;. ------ New ‘, 5 ‘.. Grinding '6s '2s4. Potatce Malting ft2s. 8.5 . - New 266. 30s. Malt .Ms. tUs Scotch 0 7 . 30s. ,---- Fine New 625. C3s Irish 183. ... 15.245. Pease, Grey, New 3 , .5. 38s. Flour Town (per sack).... 50s. sf.s. Maple New 40,. 421, —. Seconds 465. 48s. White 345. 3 ;o. --.. Ntrth Country.... 45, 46. Boilers 37s. 385., Bran lls 12 . . ARRIVALS OF GRAIN IN LONDON DURING LAST WEEK Wheat. Barley. I oats. I net , English t) '.reign --- I.rls SMITHFIELD The supply of Cattle was good, and the demand brisk. In Sheep the supply was rather short, and the demand good. The supply of Calves was vrry limited, and the trade good. The supply of Pigs was short, and the trade moderate. Beasts 3,573 ; Sheep 18,886 ; Pigs 314 ; Calves 43. Beef 3s. 6d. to 4s. Bd. ; Mutton 4s. to Ss. ; Veal ss. Pork 43. TEA MARKET. There were very few transactions, and the quotations of Saturday were unaltered. The prices now appear to have seen the lowest for the present, and we anticipate a re-action in the demand ere long, being yet without any. intelligence to con firm the accounts received per the last overland mail. TALLOW MARKET. The demand was very limited ; and although no material change could be quoted in prices, it was very difficult to sup port them. _ _ HOP MARKET. There was rather more inquiry after inferior descriptions, and the market now presents a firm appearance. Good quali ties of the growth of last year sold at 101. to 19/. 19s. per cwt. On Wednesday the 30th ult., a Newfoundland dog, belonging to Mr. Cameron, Tontine Hotel, Peebles, captured a fine salmon in the river Tweed in the following singular manner :_Hector (for such is th . dog's name) is exceedingly fond of the water ; en murh so, that whenever he gets loose from his chain, he is off to the river, and with the greatest industry brings to land all the drift wood, &c. he can, floating down the stream. On Wednesday the 30th ult., while thus employed, he was observed by some boys to dive suddenly under the water, where he remained entirely out of sight for about half a minute. When he arose again to the surface he had a salmon in his mouth, which was struggling violently to es cape ; but he held it fast in his capacious jaws, and brought it safe to land, and Would on no account quit his prize, until he carried it safe home to his master. The fish was of the real salmon tribe, and weighed about four pounds. —Scotsman. UNITED STATES. We,have received files of New York Papers to the 28th of December inclusive—being six drys later than. the last arrivals from the United States. We have also received a file of the Montreal Courier to the 18th ult. In none of these Journals do we find any poli tical news of importance. The following extracts from them embody all that is interesting to an English reader : We learn from a high and authentic source, that General Harrison intends positively to appoint Thaddeus Steven; Post master General, and Solonm.t Van Rensselaer Collector of New York. Thomas H. Burrows, late Secretary of State for Penn sylvania, is now on a visit to North Bend, and General Harrison has declared to him that he will make the appointments in ques tion—and Mr. Burrows has written to this effect to his friend Stevens, in Washington. There is a general and a remarkable movement among the origi nal friends of General Harrison, that may entirely upset the ar. rangements of Messrs. Clay and Webster. In this movement, ori ginating in . Pennsylvania, we learn that the original friends of General Scott in this state, all unite.—New York Herald. _ STEAMBOAT DISASTER ----Extract of a letter from New Orleans, dated 13th : We regret to inform you of a disaster to the steamer Cherokee. She blew up when just about to leave the landing at Louisburg, on the Arkansas river, killing sixteen or eighteen pas sengers, some of the cabin and some of the crew—amongst them the Captain, C. Harris, Major Armstrong and ladies (his daughter, niece, and Cot. Rector's daughter,)iniraculously escaped unhurt. Mai( r A, had in charge a:large amount of Government funds, in specie and paper, which is saved, although the boot is a total wreck. SINKING OF A STEAM Ea.—One of the steamers which ply between St. John and Fredericton, on the St. John river, sunk recently at the wharf at Indian town, where she was moored. She was a fine new boat, called the New Brunswick. The place where she sank is the station above the falls, within about a mile of St. John, where the Fredericton line terminates. She had on board a valuable cargo of supplies and merchandise,—the persons on board narrowly escaped. Serious loss of life might have occurred if this had hap. pelted while the New Brunswick was on her course. The St. John boats, generally, carry many passengers. The sinking seems to have been very sudden and unexpected. The cause is not stated. DISASTERS AT Si,E in 1840.—We give below the losses sustained during this last year by wreck, which is probably greater in the aggregate than ever before in any one year : Class. No. Value of Vessels. Value of Cargoes. Ships and Barks 67 $1,005,000 $1,675,000 Brigs... l2O 840,000 1,700,000 Schooners 233 932,000 1,165,000 . Sloops Steamers 0 — Unknown ...... Aggregate 521 $3,265,000 85,161,000 The above, so far as the vessels go, were total losses. About half a million cargo was saved, the rest lo,t. Aggregately, there. fore, the actual loss varied not far from eight million dollars. It has been ascertained that by the destruction of the above, six hundred and eighty-four lives were lost. In addition to the foregoing, t here arCnow 39 vessels missing. Tim NORTH EASTERN BOUNDARY.--14Iajor Graham and his party have just passed through this city on their return from running the meridian line north of the Monument, at the head of the St. Croix ri , er. We understand the line has been run as far north as t!:e Arocskok river, at Which place the new line is about hal a mile cast of the old line. The line has been run with great care and accuracy, and solely by astronomical obsQrvations. One portion of the party has been engaged in taking a line from the tide water at Calais to the Monument, and thence following Major Graham. This party has not yet reached the Aroostook. The line as now run does not touch any part of Mars Hill, but passes considerably to the east of it. The survey, we understand, will be returned in March, and carried through in the course of the season to the St. Lawrence river.—Bangor Whig, Dec. 22. MuenEa.—An awful murder has just come to light—the par_ ticulars resemble the case of Mr. Suydam, except that the mur derer has fled, and probably to New York. The deceased and his wife were old people, living together in the suburbs of Philadelphia, on the the dividends of some railroad stock. Last Monday the old man went to receive his half year's due, and never returned. He was decoyed into the adjoining house of one Hoffman, mur. dered and robbed; his body was buried in the cellar, and the floor carefully replaced. There is great excitement about it in the city. The supposed murderer, as soon as the body was discovered, started off to bring the Coroner, and has not been since found. A DREADFUL CASE.—One of the most appalling cases that we ever remember, occurred a day or two ago in the rower part of Philadelphia county. A drunkard named Jarvis, resided in an un finished house in Sixth-street, near Catherine, and his daughter, a girl of nineteen, together with a little boy, absolutely perished with hunger and cold. The female was alive when dis..overed, but all the efforts of the neighbours proved vain, and she expired on Sunday morning. The little boy was dead when discovered, and two other children were perishing with want in one corner o the room. The wretched father is said to be utte:ly lost to al, sense of shame.—Philad. Jnq. Dec. 2.5. 1 Muunza.—A most shocking murder was comm itt e d i n th e town ship of Roxborough, Upper Canada, a few days ago by a man named "APBain, who has been some time deranged ; his wife, who was his unfortunate victim, thought he was getting better, but it seems his improvement was only temporary, for, after inducing his children to leave tle house, he took up an axe, which he generaly carried abut him, and struck it into his wife's head—he then went to a neighbour's house and mentioned what he had done. The unfor tunate woman was instantly deprived of life, and her miserable ' husband has been committed to the gaol in this place to await his trial.— Corfircall Obserrer. IMPORTANT FROM Mexico.—By the arrival yesterday of the Androscoggin, Captain Churchill, from Tobasco, in 31 days, we have highly important news from that quarter. It appears from the statement of Captain Churchill, that the Texans have virtually made war upen Mexico. When he left, Commodore Moore-was near Tobasco with a sloop of war Austin, scheener San Bernard and steamer Zavalla. An officer of the Texan Navy informed him that it was the intention of Commodore Moore to take possession of the place. It also appears that about the 20th of November, a battle had been fought between the Con trelists and Federalists, and that the latter were victorious. MONEY MARKET, DEC. 27 The weather yesterday was very inclement, and but little out door business was transacted. At the Stock Board there was some depression: United States Bank fell per cent. ; Vicksburg 3- ; North American Trust and Banking Company I ; Delaware and Hudson ; Harlem ; Long Island 1 ; Stonington 1 per cent. Sales of Indiana s's 731; Ohio 6 per cents. 96i; bills on Phila delphia I die.; Baltimore 1 a l 3; New Orleans;ll dis. A sale of Union Bank Stock was made at New Orleans, Dec. 16, at 19 a 30. On the same day 30,000 dollars specie arrived from Matamoras. In relation to the Wayne County Bank, the Albany Argus has he following:— The notes of this bank being no longer redeemed by the agent, are selling at a discount of l 2 per cent., and in some cases probably much larger. The Comptroller is authorised to raise money on a six per cent. stock for the redemption of these notes at par. We recently gave a statement of the trade between this country and France, in reference to the future policy of this Government, in regard to the tariff. While the attention of the dominant party seems turned to narrow restrictive measures, with a view only to raise money for present expenditure in the intercourse be tween this country and the old nations of Europe —a large and lucrative business with other nations is about to be thrown away for want of encouragement. It has been the policy of Great Britain always /to encourage the new and growing markets for her manufactutes in countries, the natural products of which she excludes by high duties. This has been brought about by the immense loans she has made to such countries in their necessi tics. The actual transf:r of the capital so loaned has been made in the shape of manufactured goods. This, within the last three years has been the case in regard to this country, to the extent of more than 100,000,000 dollars, while our flour and grain has been excluded from her market. For many years the same sys tern has been pursued in regard to the Brazils. England has sent to that country nearly 5,000,000 dollars of coton goods, while its coffee and sugar have been almost prohibited from her markets by high discriminating duties in favour of the British Colonies. At the same time the United States have sent scarcely $500,000, while they have taken nearly one-third of the coffee exported from Rio. The result has been that exchange is heavily in ['Amur of England and against the United States, lead ing to a constant export of the precious metals from this country to the Brazils. 'rids has caused a great derangement in the finances of Brazil. She is now in the London market for a new loan of 2,000,0001., to be applied to arrearages of interest. T he facility of borrowing in the London market has seriously injured her, while the British manufactures have profited by it. The course of au irredeemable paper currency, united with the ' facility of obtaining loans in England, have plunged her into nearly inevitable ruin. At the same time she is possessed of almost boundless resources, which, if properly applied with a sound cur rency, would render her one of the most prosperous of nations. The population of the Brazils, according to the best authorities, is 1,400,000 inhabitants, or 2,400,000 free persons and 2,000,000 slaves, and the area of the empire is 268,000 square leagues. The debt is as follows : 'oreign debt due in England £6,000,000 Menial Total funded debt Circulation of Bank paper _ £5,000,000 Annual interest due abroad £loo,ooo Deficit of revenue fur the last two years, 16,560 con toe, or The constant depreciation of the currency, and the increasing foreign indebtedness, have produced an enormous exchange in fa vour of England. The cost •f production in this country is an. nually about 9.0 per cent. higher than in England, and the effect of an increased tariff will be to increase the cost as much more under our present system of currency. This will effectually exclude our manufactures from the foreign markets, and leave a clear field to the English producers. It is only with a cheap currency and a per. fectly free trade, that the Eastern producers can thrive. A few years of a steady and low currency, would enable them entirely to supplant the English not only in the Brazils, but the Chinese and other foreign markets. The existing treaty with the Brazils will expire in one year, and a new one should be formed on the Ameri can reciprocity system. RATE OF SALES AT THE STOCK EXCHANGE. 50 shares U. ►. Bank opg LOU do. Dcl. and find. 25 do. N. Am. Trust ... 25 do. D. Dock Bank s6o 60 36 do. Mech Bkg Ass 10 do. Seventh Ward Ilk 10 do. Vicksburg Bk ... 10i 25 do. 'Mohawk It 61 do. Paterson It 34 do. Boston and Prov 100 do. Stonington It 50 do. Harlem It 100 do. L Island 11 25 do. Canton Co blo 24 SECOND BOARD. 10 do. N. A. Trust 25 do. Canton Co 20 do. Hatton It SALES AT PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY, SECOND ~.s'2o 05, ~.s 30 10 BOARD. 50 do. U. S. Bk 30 do. Vicksburg . STATE OF TRADE. The past week has been a broken one, and yesterday the nick. mency of the weather prevented the transaction of much outdoor business. The markets present no material change in their general features. Freights arc dull. Corros.—ln this article the transactions have been exceedingly limited. The stock on hand is very small, and the prices arc such ar to deter skippers from entering the market, in..the present state of the markets abroad. In the southern markets, generally, there has been more doing at improved prices. The holders are very firm, but buyers on foreign account consider the present rates above their limits. The following is a table of transactions at the diffe. Wilt ports for the week previous to the date affixed STOCKS, SALE AND F IIICF.s OF corroN, AND RFtl AR ks‘ Stock. Sales. P r i ces. t. New York, Dcc. 26 ... 8,300 1,300 9 all emar—s. New Orleans, Dec. 16 106,592 17,000 7 1 a l" firm. Mobile, Dec. 16 17,796 4,000 e falling. o A u gusta, Dec. 17 6 ,000 a 101 advance A C 8 a ,y 3 S a vannah, Dec. 18 9 ,152 ` 2 ,67 0 . / rat. Ch ar leston, Dec 18 18,936 8 , 4,2 6 a 101 firm. 8 a 10} advance -c The Lord Chancellor rose at half-past two o'clock, for the purpose of attending a Cabinet Council. Lord Portman and the Master-General cf the Ord nance had interviews with the Marpis of Normpby, at the Home-office on Saturday. E vENING EI4TION. HOLLAND. THE HAGUE, JAN. 21.-A circular address of the Minister ,° Finance to the Ree;stration Office, announces that the jus detofc. (us is not to be levied with respect to the following States,!with which the Government has successively concluded treaties recipro. cally abolishing that law as duty:- "1. Hanover; 2. Saxe Weimar; 3. Prussia; 4. Bavaria; 3. Wirtemberg ; 6. Waldeck; 7. Holstein-Oldenburg; 8. The Two Sicilies ; 9. Hesse Darmstadt ; 10. Hesse.Cassel ; 11. Sar.. dinia ; 12. Hamburgh ; 13. Denmark ; 14. Bremen ; 15. Sweden and Norway ; 16. Shaumburg. Leppe ; 17. Brunswick ; 18. Russia; 19. Poland ; 29. Saxe_ Altenburg ; 21. Leppe ; 22. Mecklenburg. Schwerin ; 23. Switzerland ; 24. Hohenzollern Sigmaringen ; 25. Reuss (the younger branch) ; 26. Liechtenstein ; 27. Reuss (the elder branch); 20. Saxe-Meiningen-Hildberghausen ; 29. Saxe. Cobourg-Gotha ; 30. The Kingdom of Saxony; 31. Belgium (17th Article of the Treaty) ; 32. Lubeck; 33. Frankfort ; 34. Austria, and the States belonging to it, . _ This claim is likewise not applicable to the following States, though no preventive Treaties have been made with them on the subject:-1. France; 2. Great Britain and Ireland; 3. Nassau; 4. Baden ; 5. Portugal ; 6. Anhalt-Gocthen; 7. The Papal States; 8. Spin ; 9. Tuscany; 10. The Principality of St. Win del; a. The United States of North America; 12. Brazil; 13. Mexico ; 14. Colombia. In the following States ajtes detractus continues to be levied as follows : 1. ) !Mecklenburg-Strclitz 2. Anhalt-Bernburg lO 3. Anhait-Dessau ... 10 4- Hesse Homburg CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. The barque Mercury, of Greenock,' arrived at Falmouth from the Cape of Good Hope in fifty-two days, has furnished ps with advius of a much later date than we were already in possession of. The British Government has consented to make Port Beaufort the mouth of the river Brede, a free port, on the suggestion of the Civil Commissicncr of the district of Swellendam, but the ideal arrangement of the matter has been left to Mr. Field. It was supposed that from the capabilities of this district, in the course of fifteen or twenty years it would become one of the most wealthy of the colony; and Port Beaufort, for exports, be second only to Cape Town. Letters are received from Port Natal to Nov. :3, from one of which we extract the following : " Umpanda has broken a part of his treaty with us by treacher ously murdering a great number of men, women, and children of the tribe of Toob (I believe out of an old revenge). Oar Volksraad is greatly dissatisfied with such conduct. The majority of the members ascribe it to the natural barbarity of Panda, whom, re; Christious, they are obliged to try to reform through soft mca sures ; in consequence Messrs. C. P. Landman and Joachim Frei:, 100, two members of the Council, have been chosen to proecod to Panda, at the expense of the Government of Natal, for a close in. vestigation into the case and to give report thereof to the Volk, read. When the American missionaries shall have settled amongst them there are hopes for a gradual diminishing of their barbarous customs. The Rev. Mr. Growth, lately arrived from Ame rica, has accompanied Messrs. Landman and Prensloo to Panda, and will soon take up his station at Panda's chief town. The Vulksraad hive at the sante time requested that Panda's successor should be put at school with Dr. Adams, so as to have him instructed in the Christian religion. The Volksraad have likewise granted a place here and another at Lorroo for the establishment of institutions for the preaching of the Gospel to the Bushmen Kaffers. It is known that there was existing a misunderstanding between our company of Natal and of Hendrik Potgieter of the Vaal River over the Draak Bergen. In consequence of a petition of Potgieter to the Volksraad at this place for a reconciliation they appointed a commission to the Vaal River, with the object of removing all the existing differences. These gentlemen returned last night, bringing with them the most favour. able aceoun's. Potgieter has acknowledged that he was in the wrong in the presence of 500 of his men and gave himself willingly over to the commission. It is astonishing how fast our population is increasing. From reports received by me the whole road from the Orange River to this place is covered with the waggons of new comers. In short, according to the return of Mr. Van Rooyen, we may calculate the number of fighting men from Port Natal to the Vaal River, at 5,000." Sir George Napier, who was sent to the Cape by Lord Glenelg to uphold the Caller treaties, had expressed himself as follows, in reply to an address on the subject by the inhabitants of I'ort Eli. zabeth, which exhibits a great change in his mind in relation to these treaties. His Excellency says : " In common with, I believe, the great body of the inhabitants of the eastern districts and the colony at large, I am strongly at tached to the leading principles of those treaties, and consider them to be well calculated to secure the peace, and by that means pro. mote the prosperity of the entire frontier. lam constrained, how. ever, to admit, that in certain of their details they have been proved by experience to have disappointed, to some extent, the expectations and intention of the framers, and to have left property, in instances of frequent occurrence, without its just and adequate protec tion. The inability (for example) of a party plundered to re. ceive compensation, in case his cattle were not guarded by an armed herdsman, appears to me to tend but little to the protec tion of the cattle whilst it endangers greatly the safety of the herdsman. And the provisions, which defeat the claims of per sons chargeable with negligence in the keeping of the cattle, as well as that of persons who, without being chargeable with any negligence, are unable, from accidental circumstances, to trace the spoor over any particular point in the colonial boundary, al. though in both the cases last supposed, the stolen cattle are actu. ally found in Cafferland, and can be identified beyond all dispute, seem to shock our sense of natural justice, and to be•unsupported by any considerations of sound policy. To these points, and ally other of a like nature, in which the treaties may be susceptible of improvement, I shall give the fullest consideration, with an anxious desire to remove, if in my power, every well-grounded reason of complaint, whether on the part of the colonists or the Caffer chiefs," THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT. On Friday night there was a general review of the alterations and improvements that have taken place in the Houses of Parll3. trent preparatory to the re.assembling'for the approaching Session. In the Lords there have teen some very extensive alterations, especially asi connected with the offices communicating with their Lordships' House. A large range of buildings, fronting the bank of the Thames, and built only a few years ago, occupied as offices, committee.rooms, &c., for the Lords, had to be removed, to make way for the new Houses of Parliament ; all those offices and build. ings were pulled down soon after the last prorogation of the Parliament. To supply the requisite accommodation, rooms have been built on what used to constitute the roadway to those several offices heretofore existing ; and a suttling house for the Lords' footmen, &c., well known to many other persona beside footmen by the sign of the" Star and Garter," which ciriced on the other side of that roadstead, has been converted into Lords' Parliamentary offices. The large official houses in Parliament_ place, in Abingdon street, &c., have also been prepared, for the like purposes, and for committee rooms. There have also been alters. tions and renovations in the gallery and lobbies leading into the House of Lords, to increase the accommodation for the Peers. Across the lobby, at the lower end of the House of Lords, large refreshment rooms are prepared for Peers only ; and there are, a s h ere t ofore, kitchens beneath them, pre senting a cuisine quite equal t o " Bellamy'os.."pocTheeeding Royal o open Ga llery, along which her Majesty has to pass the Parliament to-morrow, has been completely renovated, and the accommodations for spectators, by means of seats, &c., have undergone revision, so as to secure the amplest views and convenience practicable. The throne and seats i n the House of Lords have been carefully cleansed and re-burnished, or newly co vered where requisite. The libraries will be act apart for her Ma. jesty and suite as robing-rooms, &c. The means of ventilating this House have been carefully revised by Dr. Reid, the gentleman who introduced and perfected the system at the Commons. In the Commons, the system of lighting has undergone the most complete revision, still, however, under the direction of Mr. Gurney. The Butte light continues to be adopted; and not only in the House, for it is now extended to the lobbies, library, Seeakers, Members' room, &c. All ciranqeliers and lamps are banished, even in the side rooms and <aces the illumination everywhere Is imparted by the Bude light, and the burners are so p'aced that the light will neither increase nor alter the heat. The atmosphere, or ventilation of the House, will be regulated, as formerly, by Dr. Reid's process, established in Cotton-garden. The application of the Bude light system, however, as shown on Friday as well as on Thursday, has undergone much improvement. Formerly its power was established : but now, by the application of improved glasses, the light is rendered much milder, and direct rays from it are scolded, so that whether in the body of the House, or in the galleries, there are no lines of light painfully or glaringly meeting the sight. In the body of the House there are four of these lights or chandeliers. One over the clerk's table, or between the Ministerial and Opposition sides. Another similar branch nearly over the bar of the House. A third, but near the ceiling, fronting the Strangers' gallery ; and a fourth, similar to that one, is stationed also nearer the ceiling than the two main brat.ches, between tke Speaker's chair and Reporters' gallery. From its elevation, and the new arrangement of the ground glass, the light appeared to diffuse itself very mildly and agreeably at the desk before the scats usually occupied by the re. porters. On the right of the lobby there is a large new room, erected during the recess; it is for Members only, and may be considered as answering the purpose of the large chamber appro. priated to Members only fur writing letters at the old House, and lamilarly known as the smoking-room. All the light comes from one source--namely, the reservoir prepared in Cotton-garden. The interior of the House of Commons has been comPletely re. novated. It was throughout newly painted in distemper, but the backs of the uppermost scats not looking well, they have been, since Saturday, covered with paper, admirably representing oak, and the improvement is decided. In the Commons, Mr. Ley, jun., the son of the first clerk at the table, it is understood, will occupy the third chair at the table, the vacancy having been caused by the death of Mr. John Rickman, late second clerk. Mr. NV. Ley, heretofore third, thereby became second clerk. The scats are in the gift of the first clerk at the table of the House, but only for his life; the system expires with him, agreeably to the Act rendering the fees payable to the Treasury, hiCll in return gives fixed salaries. MEMOIRS OF THE RIGHT HON: WARREN HASTINGS. BY TUE REV. G. R. GLEIG, AUTHOR OF as TIIE LIFE eF SIR THOMAS MUNRO," at TRADITIONS op o f party as well as of th e pro quest of India, ha s b een en &o CHELSEA COLLEGE," .—This important work, filling up hand of the Rev. G. R. Gl e i g. a g. rrucb:ltsacndokf to the rh t ea h r e mp rs l a i icisnttiosterhyde conquest The principal scene of the narrative is in Hindostan, and its chief subject, of course, the progress of our gigantic power there, under the administration of Mr. Hastings, as Govel nor-Gencral. Irl thelife of Warren Hastings, the statesman may find much to imitate as well as to avoid ; while the general lover of biography has placed before him a very interesting subject of inquiry, the career of a most i n n o n t i i r i e in n g ee n d ior p e ub to lic re a n ff d , e ii r rs tb t e h e a v n en l ts r. of Ha a s m tin a g n s ,s . r emarkable man. Scarcely any i n di v id ua l o f mo d ern t i mes Were has mt more e life full of interest to his countrymen, than the causes which led to his memorable impeachment, and the cele brated speech of Sheridan, it would be a subject of minute and diligent inquiry with all readers. The materials for this important national work arc derived from the corres pondence, a diary containing anecdotes of his distinguished contemporaries, .and other valuable papers left by Mr. Hastings, the whole of which have been confided to his present biographer, who appears to hare made excellent and attractive use of them.—Globe. LORD HILL.—(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) It is understood Lord 11111 will leave the Horse Guards, And that the affairs of the army will be conducted by throe. Commissioners. The Military branch of the Ordnance, &c., are to be placcd under their direction. Notwithstanding the direful foreboding of the Tories, we toe glad to learn that the public amusements of the season are not likely to drep. tier Majesty, as weli as a large portion of the nlhility and titled gentry of the country, arc preparing to give splendid balls and enter tainments —the Ilanover-square Rooms are to be sup ported by the Caledonians, tinder the able management of M r . Menzies—and Willis's Roores are in great request. The " Caledonians," we believe, will bo the first to show off, on Friday week; but there are many abets to follow. The great fall off in the season will bo in the Italian Op , ra. house, if we are rightly informed, which has been robbed t.y Boclisa at St. PeterEburgh, of its brightest ornaments. ...Morning Advertiser. I c )1c ch sts be ,h$ Is ,hi , 8 . cli rah ieft t'.#o4 ►x: 4l of ) tig io Da .40; lib 10 01- 0 " ,