The Sun. — London, England, 1828-03-06 00:00:00

the end of the year; but then, towns and villages apriatig, .up in all dire.ctians to circulate luxuries for these agriculturists, and to supply numerous %%ants iadependently 'of those which are provided for by manufacturing towns. We are acquainted with A district in which there is not a manufacture, strictly sd called, cultivated in a very high style. In 1755 the farms were small, and on each farm there were a nii i mber of cotters, or cottiers, as the Iriah call them. At this present time the farms .average from 400 to • 600 acres. But though an immense exportation of fond for the London market takes place now, whereas in 1755 it was nearly all consumed on the spot, the 'population has not diminished, but, on the contrary, increased above one-fourth; but then the increase has taken place in the small towns arid villages. In the South of Ireland at this day, it is said that you may travel for fifty miles without seeing in the whole of that space farm-buildings, the materials of which, if put tin to auction, would sell for twenty shillings. But there is an improved agriculture, there are ex pensive buildings, to which repairs and additions are constantly made. Artizana of all sorts must be con sequently in the immediate n eighbourhood. The farmer who possesses an income of 500/. or 6001. a year cannot live in a wilderness. He requires the produce of the East and 'West Indies, and of the ( outinent, books, newspapers, Szc.; and the shop keepers and tradesmen give employment to a nuraber• of other persons in their turn. The Statistical Account of Scotland furnishes a num ber of illustrations of the manner in which the increased produce, raised by a more e:o -nomisal cultivation, is distributed. Take, for in stance, the parish of Chirnside, in a purely agricul tural district. The population in 1755, was 363; in 1791 it was 961, of whom 609 were in a village, and 552 in the country parts of the parish. In the village there are fifteen masons, twelve carpenters, -two spinning-wheel wrighta, four coopers, seven thatchers, twelve weav era, one dyer, ten tailors, ten shoemakers, eight smiths, seven gardeners, one corn chaialler, six shopkeepers, one brewer, five publi cans, one butcher, and two carriers. The process by. which small farms can be converted into large . ones is necessarily slow, even under the most fa a-ourable circumstances. The Irish Landholders cannot say " Presto, begone !" to their c 11 tenants, and immediately supply their place w . 1 a tenants of capital and skill. In Scotland, of wri lithe whole the fertile land is of very limited extent, the ex- Xnapie of good cultivation spread so very slowly, that Lord lames informs us, not more than; two or three counties were cultivated in any other than the Irish manner, so late as the American war. Supposing no impediment in the way of agricultural investment in.lreland from the idea of insecurity, still thechange -must take place slowly. Towns and villages would gradually arise as the process of engrossing of farms went on. We are aware that the population in some parts of Ireland is much greater than aught, under ;arty circumstanaes, to be in them, A desperate disease Ilemands a desperate remedy. We merely throw out the a!iove ol:servations to show that the economy of lahour, which enables a small number of individuals to raise move food titan could be raised by a much la -ger number under a wretched system, draws at the same time a laror population into towns and vil lages, which consumes a considerable portion of the additional produce, even supposing the establish ment of no manufactures in the strict sense of th e al-ord.—A/or ?ling Chronicle. in an early copy of the forthcoming Number of Thr Edinburgh Review, with which we have been favoured, there is an able article on the subject of Emigration, which will be of considerable benefit at this time. The Reviewer pays some merited com eoliinents to Mr. Horton, " who has been exposed ,(he observes) in this matter to most unaccountable misunderstanding." The Reviewer justly observes that the battle, on the result of which is to depend the salvation of the people, must he fought in Ire " There can be no possible objection (he says) upon, public grounds, to depriving both the Scotch toad Irieh of any claim to relief in England as casual poor; or to abolishing the system of passes, as-no presumption, even in law, can be raised in these cases, that the parishes to he charged have derived a benefit from the labours of the party where no settlement has been obtained, and because there is bo mutuality between the two countries. But this leaves the national evil untouched; for the Irish would still pour in, upon the speculation of employment in a market which they can undersell. The difficulties respecting the price of labour should be thoroughly investigated, and when once generally understood, resolutely faced. Cheap labour, like cheap corn or any other article, is in itself only honest while: natural ; and only advantageous whilst it can be,ao got without the ruin of its producers. But when the cheapness is the consequence of an arti ficial mixture of fraud and force, by which the ma nufacturer makes charity or the poor rates contri bute towards the maintenance of his workmen, every shilling paid in aid of wages operates as a bonnie , of the worst 'deeeeTtion ; only enabling foreigners to purchase in a foreign trade, thus violently extended, the produce cf such labour at far less than it lies really cost, and this ee:. the expense of the rest of the community.— In every corner of the realm it has been bitterly experienced that labour may be too cheap. Every remedy will be merely tampering with the illt.:sr-nediate steps of this national disease, thet does note •we wil not say include, but begin with Ireland. It is because the Irishman's name is not entered in the .00 er'e book, to suppose, when bis-corupetition has st7,npirwed your own labourer, and thrown him cn the narici,.; that you are not paying his rate in another name. The battle of the three kingdoms on this argument inust he !ought in Ireland. Emigration from Ireland raisea the wages there, and gives him an inducement to stay ,7.hcirne, If you postpone Irish emigration, the condensed id-- pu!ation of particular districts must prevent the due management of petatee, and the growth of a middle Blass--and hence the pretence of disturbance and in eerrection, the absence of manufactures and of in doetry—an additional fall of Irish .is compared with British wages, and an additional influx of Irish pau pers across the Channel." So far so good. But the Reviewer, though aware of the impossibility of arresting - the progress of a population in the low condition of the Irish, by any other means than ab solute want of food, and of the rapidity with which such a population necessarily advances in numbers, does not grapple with what we contend is the main difficulty, namely, the possibility of making the drain by emigration so effective as to keep pace with the constant additions made to the Irish - population. If, for instance, while we are re eeoving ten thousand twenty thousand are added, ere are worse than we were, after all the outlay, and can make no progress in preparing the century for the reception of an improved system. The efficacy of the plan of emigration, like the effi cacy of the plan for freeing a mine from water, de per;ds on ,more being taken out by the machinery than flows in. The Reviewer adverts to what has been said respecting the introduction of Poor Laws into. Ireland. We have certainly," lie says, "never been more s urprised, than that s evera l p ersons , who must have travelled by such 'very - die'eeent roads to it, should have arrived at this ca „ e i US"4" LAWS of this nature are iniong the thing s which seem irre sistible in any particular instance, but are pulverised by the test of general consequences. In the pre sent.ettee of Irish property, population, and charac ter, they would be national confiscation." No doubt they wesuld put the Irish Landlords on their mettle. But in the present state of Irish property, pop u t„,_ Con any! character, what security have we that the voids caused by partial emigrations will not be in stantly filled up ? We know that Poor Laws would free the landholiere either to watch carefully over the population themselves, or to sell their estates to tiibie who would relieve them of this trouble. It is really too much to expect that the welfare of the whole population of these islands should be sacrificed to Irish landlords. The battle must not only be fodght - in Ireland, but securities must be taken also Irelteid.—lbid. Mr. Dawson last night gave eotice that there ~ ~ was again under the considetation of the Chancellor of the Exchequer a Bill to "consolidate" all the Laws on the subject of Stamp Duties, and that it would be brought forward at no very distant day.,-- It is to be hoped that the Chancellor and Mr. Daw son will make up their minds to repeal the. Receipt Stamp Tax altogether,it is:amost:obnoxious tax and nothing wa Lila make Mr. Goulburn more popular than to propose and carry its repeal. Mr. O'Connell and the Dublin Association might rail at Mr. Goulburn in•vain, after such a concession as this to the people. —The tub which Mr. Canning threw out to the whale was the Finance Committee, which, after all, may end in little or nothing. If we were Mr. Gout burn we would throw out a real tub to John Bull ; such a tub as the repeal of the Receipt Stamp Tax would cause the people to forget, almost altogether, Corn Laws, Assessed Taxes, Free Irade, and a great variety of other grievance , and wants.—Morn ing Herald. _ The suggestions of the Finance Committee, to be of any real use to the country, should be both prompt and decisive. If its labours are to he a boon to the community, the bis dat qui cito dat is strictly applicable to the case. But when the number of departments and the intricacy of the details are con sidered, which this Committee must wade through, to say nothing of the delay necessarily arising from collisions of opinion among them, it is almost hope less to suppose that anything like a thorough inves tigation and satisfactory result can be obtained within the usual period of a Session. For these reasons we agree entirely with Mr. Hume in thinking that it would have been a much wiser plan to have had more Committees, of fewer Members, to each of which a distinct department, or head of inquiry, should have been referred ; and though there might have been some discordancy in the results, these would have been with much more ease amalga mated than the country is prepared to undergo the delay, which, we fear, may convert the labours of this Committee, for a long time at least, into a mere tub to amuse the whale. — in seeking for objects of retrenchment, there are some, we should imagine, which need not wait for the scrutiny of this Committee. Of this description are the Hackney-coach Commission ers, which, with their whole retinue of clerks, in spectors, &c. might be lopped off not only with out loss, but with manifest advantage to the public. As far as revenue is concerned, their duties might be transferred to the Stamp-office ; and as for regu lation, that point which seems now almost entirely lost sight of—the convenience and accommodation of the public—Nl ould be much better consulted by the providing of public vehicles being thrown open to every one, subject only to a few necessary re straints, which might be much better attended to than those in existence now aro by their transfer to the Police, of whose duties they evidently form a part. We are greatly mistaken, too, and the coun try will be much disappointed, if the present First Lord of the Treasury does not, with his own pene trating eye, discover and cut down some other ex• crescences before they reach the Finance Committee. The fires, it is said, are already lighted much earlier than heretofore, not only at the Treasury, but at some other of the government offices; and the house keepers and messengers lub their eyes with asto nishment at beholding persons at their desks between ten and eleven o'clock in the forenoon who used never to appear till one or two, and often not at all. In short, an active head produces corresponding ac tivity in all about it; and even the Finance Com mittee will do well not to find its labours and sug gestions anticipated by the " quick step" of the Duke of Wellington.—lbid. " Corporation and Teat Acts Repeal Bill, for ' Repeal ing so much of several Acts, as imposes the' necessity of receiving the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper, as a quali fication for certain Offices and Employments,' presented; and read. la." The above extract is from - the printed votes sf the House of Commons of Tuesday. No mark of any division accompanies the notice, and the Bill, which is to break down what has long and gene rally been considered the bulwark of the Church of England is entrusted among others to Mr. Wilmot Horton, a Member of the late, and a supporter of the present Government. Is this Act to be passed through the rest of its stages in the same cool and indifferent manlier as it has passed its first ? Is there any man who intends to oppose the next Bill, " the Catholic Emancipation Bill," so thoughtless as not to perceive that the fight is now to be lost or won—that if the first be carried, the second must of necessity he carried also ? Is there any man who loves the Church, so blind as net to seo that if these Bills arc passed, the next inevitable step will be the pulling down of the Establishment altogether ? " The end of all Go vernment is the greatest pOssible happiness of the ? greatest passible number." So say the Ultra Li berals, and so say we. We do not stand up for Establishments as ends, but as means. Show us by example, for, in great questions of policy, example, and not reasoning, is the only safe guide—show us a country wherein there is any thing approaching to purity of religious doctrine, or regularity of religious practice, without an Established Church ; anti if, as indeed the advocates for the repeal of the Test Acts, as yet in words admit, an Established Church be desirable, chew us by what means it may be main ' tained without political privileges, or what is under stood by an Established Chursh undistinguished by political privileges front other Churches. " The Church is not of this world," say the sectaries. True. Her doctrines, her precepts, are not; they are Heaven-descended, and lead Heaven-ward. But are men to use no means for preserving them undefiled, because they are excellent in their origin and object ? Many men are apt to imagine that the or derliness of religious deportment, which distin guishes the more respectable of our sectarians, is s67lething inherent—that the dissolution of Este blislne"nts would not in any respect affect it. This is a grievoue -.mistake. The Church is to them what the intended tower on the plain was to be to the sons of Noah—it limits their wanderings within a certain space—and even those whose orbits are most eccentric, do still revolve round it, and are re gulated by its attractive influence. We do not deny that the Dissenters also operate beneficially on the Church ; they stimulate her to activity; farm which it is the nature of established place, somewhat to disincline its occupants. But all these reciprocal ad vantages must he abandoned by breaking down the wall of partition whipli at present separates them. his said, the wall is already broken down by the Indemnity Bill, but this is a mistake. What the Church en joys as matter of right, the Dissenters enjoy only as matter of permission. We do not object Fo this. We wish no distinction to he kept up, but such as is of advantage to both parties; such as•excites to purity of doctrine on the one hand, and to activity of exertion on the other, We have heard it said that the bench of Bishops dq not intend to oppose the Repeal Bill, because they de not approve of the samement as a test. We hope this report is in correct. If the Bishops abandon the Church, which looks up to them as her retained defenders, what do they expect that the Church shall do by them, when the sectaries turn their attack against them ? For is not the right of the Bishops to sit in the Upper House of Parliament a much higher political distinc tion than the admissibility of a member. of the Church to a seat in a Corporation ? And .if the Dissenters will not eecept of the smaller privilege vermi4sively, but will have it authoritatively, a for tiori will they not insist on the abrogation of the greater privilege ? We hope the report is incorrect, from our regard to the logic of the Bench ; for it must be evident to much meatier capacities that the impropriety of the form rf the test, if it be improper, is no reason for doing away with the substance.— A contemporary said,: the other day, on the sub ject which we have been discussing, " It is not law ful to Christians to support establishments which are ancillary to Christianity, by means destructive of Christian charity." To this truism it is only ne cessary to answer, that in supporting the Established Church, as a handmaiden to Christianity, we do not destroy charity, but give occasion for its exercise on the only points where it is lawful in religious rnatteri. He adds, " it is not lawful to Statesmen to inflict uny evil without correspondent advantage." We Lrunt this most fully, and therefore would we oppose ord John Russell's Bill, which goes to inflict a great evil, without any advantage at all.—New Times. NEW BRUNSWICK THEATRE• ADJOURNED INQUEST CONTINUED FROM OUR PAPER OF YESTERDAY. Examination of Pound resumed—There were two girders strapped up to the roof. The end of the girders was strapped up to the roof, and ran into the walls ; the girders: were of very slight scantling; they carried the floor of the carpenter's shop, and were surported by two iron rods carried to the roof; each end of the girders had a bearing in the walls ; those girders were put in the green walls a short time before the accident; I have seen them so far as this; I was carrying up my air flue and I saw those girders in the walls. The heavy weight of machinery for the flies was at the end of the building, which I understand first fell. I saw the building standing on the Saturday, and saw it in ruins on Friday last. At this period of the proceedings the Coroner stated that he was about to retire for a few minutes, and that if the Jury chose they might take advantage of his absence, and retire also. Mr. Comyn wished to inquire whether _the Coroner would appoint a certain time for the proceedings to close every day. It was' quite clear the investigation could not conclude this day. Indeed, from the nature and progress of the investigation, it bid. fair to rival the trial of Warren Hastings in duration. At all events, there was a certain time when nature became exhausted, and therefore some limit should be fixed for the commencement and termina tion of the proceeding'. The ConowEa thought thlt from nine o'clock to five in the. evening was as long as the Court could conveniently sit ; but he wished to consult entirely the wishes of the Jury. Mr. Comyn thought eight hours was as long as the Court could continue to sit, consistent with what was due to public justice. It was for the Coroner, however, him self, to fix a time ; he was the Judge of the Court, and the question was solely for his consideration. The CORONER said, that when twenty-one respecta ble gentlemen were summoned, he considered it his duty to consult their convenience in every instance in preference to his own. After the Jury deliberated together fora short time, the Foreman stated that they were unanimously of opinion that eight hours a-day was as long as they could sit, and that the most convenient hours were those suggested by the Co roner, from nine in the morning until five in the evening. The CORONER observed that the Quarter Sessions com menced to-morrow morning, and as the Court would be occupied by the Magistrates, he feared the Inquest must adjourn over to-morrow. However, this was a matter which the Jury might consider amongst themselves.. The Coroner and some of the Jury then retired fer a few minutes. On the Coroner and Jury returning into Court, The CORONER addressed the Jury to the following effect :—Gentlemen, in consequence of your request, that I should procure the most respectable surveyors to survey tide unfortunate place, I had the honour of addreseing a letter to his Grace the Duke of Wellington, the Constable of the Tower of London, to request that he would be gra ciously pleased to cause your wishes to he complied with, and I shall now have the honour of reading his Grace's letter in answer : "4th March, IS2B. Sir,--I have this evening received your letter, and I have accordingly applied to Mr. Secretary Peel, to give direction for the attendance upon you of two of the archi tects employed under the Surveyor-General of the Board of Works. I have the honour to be, " Your obedient, humble Servant, " WELLINGTON." Therefore before you go, gentlemen, we will have some arrangements made, as to when these gentlemen whose time is most valuable to the public can attend upon you, and give you their opinion as to the erection of this build ing. Whether you shall think that Saturday will be the most convenient time for their attendance, they being to survey the building in the intermediate time, will be for you to say. Foreman of the Jury.—Though it has been our most anxious wish that the thing should be gone into, and kept up as closely as possible, yet Saturday would interfere very much with business, we being all men of business. At the same time having this duty thrown upon us, we feel bound to discharge it. CORONER—What time is it likely the business of the Sessions will he got through to-morrow ? Mr. Stable, Clerk of the Peace—l should think that the business would not occupy more than two hours. CORONER—I understand that the publicans will attend to-morrow for the renewal of their licences, and which will probably cause the business of the Sessions to be rather more prolonged. This induces me to remind you a g ain, that if you have observed any house to have been kept open, contrary to the orders issued by me, in these precincts, you will have the goodness to bring forward witnesses to prove it, that the necessary steps may be taken. As this will make it rather a heavy sessions, and as it is extremely desirable that we should not lose time in the prosecution of this inquiry, suppose we say we will meet to-morrow at three, and cc, ,tinue the inquiry till nine. After a few more observations, it was decided that the inquest should be resumed to-morrow at two o'clock, and continue till eight in the evening. CORONER-Gentlemen, I shall now, if you please, ask you to he kind enough to put such questions to this witness as you may think will elicit important answers in the pro secution of truth. You will, however, not ask him any tliing bearing on what is to be proved by a written instru ment about to be produced, because you understand that that instrument is not in Court, hut that we have sent to the gentleman who has it, and it is expected to be here by half-past three o'clock. Examination of the witness resumed. By a Juror—The walls were safe in my own opinion, as far as I carried them, and were safe when I left them. I took the thickness of the walls from the survey given to me by the clerk of the works. [ Sir Richard Birnie here entered the Court.]: The walls were never built to carry a great weight under the roof. The weight hung to the roof was tremendous, but I cannot tell what the weight was ; I am certain the walls would have stood for a century if it had not been for the weight hung to the roof. I never saw the paper again which we are waiting for ; I did not work according to that paper, but I worked according to the directions of the Clerk of the 'Works. That paper related to prices. Witness left it at Mr. M.'s counting-house, and Mr. Whitwell never showed it me afterwards. I never took a copy of that paper. I worked by measure, and only put down the prices. I was to work by the direction of the architect of the works, or of his clerk, and had no Mitten direction. I worked by measure, at a given price. Mr. Comyn here said that lie received a letter which was of great importance. " It was from Mr. Pulsford, and with the permission of the Court he would read it. The Learned Counsel thrn read the letter, which was to the effect that he had just received a message requiring him to produce the specification, which was, however, at his house in Clare mont-square, Pentonville, whither he would send for it, and also for any other papers which might be repaired, and he would come himself in person as soon as the enquiry at the place he was then at should be concluded. A message was immediately sent in reply, requesting that Mr. Pulsford would be kind enough to Fend imme diately for the papers. Examination resumed-4 examined the building on Sa turday, and looked at the walls externally. They were perfectly upright, and all appeared to be perfectly safe. They were thin walls, only two bricks and a half thick. I plumbed the walls when the roof was put on, but not afterwards. The parapet was in some places two, and in others three bricks thick. The portico was a great weight, haying 110 support from the street by means of pillars, but I can form no opinion as to whether it had any effect in bringing down the building. It was solely supported by the wall and the piers, 2nd sustain ed by iron cramps let' into the building. The front wall was two bricks and a half thick up to the top. The walls upon each side of the building were of the Caine thickness, except that next to Mr. Jones's, the blacksmith's, which was four bricks when we came to it, and we continued it up three bricks to the bond timbers, after which we reduced it. The bricks used in the building were stocks. Throughout the building stock-bricks were used , except the old bricks. Those unfit for use we threw aside, amounting to 6,000, and were taken away as rubbish. No bricks of inferior quality were used,—nothing but sound stocks. ii had not all picked stocks, but common stocks, at the price of thirty-four shillings in the field, per thousand, which is a good price. There were no hits amongst them- The morter used in the building wee made of grey stone lime, procured from the Medway Company. I had sharp sand to mix with it. I don't know the proportion in which they were mixed. The morter was worked up in a slug-mill. The brick-work under the roof was as dry as it possibly could be expected in . the time (which was two , months, before the roof was put on. It was a bad season of the year after the roof was on for morter to set- The 1 walls were perfectly well cemented. There were four courses of cement round the top of the building.— No old bats were - used, they were all carted away ; the lower walls of the theatre were also worked in Roman cement up to the pavement ; they were throughly set and dug, as we built on the old foundation, and a famous foundation it was ; this applies to the back and front walls, the side walls were not built in cement because they had not been pulled down below the surface. We began to build on them at the level of the pavement ; large spaces were left in the front walls ; the theatre was built with piers and openings between them in the front ; the piers were three feet wide by two bricks and a half ; I think that they were from twenty to thirty feet high, and extended from the portico to the un der side of the pediment, and were covered over with Yorkshire stone four inches thick. The stones were cramped in with iron bars and lead in the centre of the piers, and a dead arch was turned over each opening; the arches were worked with morter. In answer to a Juror—l have been on the ruins since the theatre fell down ; the causes of the morter not ad hering to the bricks now are, in my opinion, in consequence of the season of the year, and also the great shake ; the bricks appear to be clean from Mortar ; the parapets were taken up during a hard frost, which shook all the joints; there were besides timbers every four feet, as far as the piers and openings extended. The chain-bond went right round with an angle-tie in the east corner. There was brick or brick and a half brick-work built up in most the piers. Small window holes were left in some of the piers. I don't know whether the bond timbers were ever cut away. My foreman (Stephen Spencer) can tell, but he is ill in the London Hospital, in consequence of injuries received by the fall of the theatre. I was never absent from the build ing until it was fit to receive the roof. My opinion re specting the walls of the theatre, taking the season of the year, and every thing into consideration, is that they were perfectly safe ; the bricks were dry, and the lime was hot. I said before, that there were frost and wet weather due iu the erection of the parapets, all the other walls were carried up in dry weather. The external walls were finish ed by the end of September last. The parapets had nothing to do with binding the building. lam still of opinion that the weight of the flies, Sec. was the cause of the fall. ing down of the theatre. I always thought that the suspending of these weights to the roof of the theatre would greatly endanger the beildiug. I never expressed that apprehension to any one connected with the theatre, or to any person whatever. I never troubled my head about it, because it was not my business ; I had nothing to do with the roof; I did not abstain from mentioning it, from any fear that it might injure myself if it were ge nerally known ; I erected the whole of the brick-work of the interior of the building, as well as of the outside; the passage leading to the gallery was of brick-work; the steps leading to the gallery were supported by it, and both the gallery and boxes were supported by piers and had no bearing on the external. The interior fittings of the theatre were independent of the walls.' Examined by Mr. Comyn—The late Mr. Maurice carried on the business of a printer in Fenchurch-street, and Mr. Carruthers is a patent manufacturer of fluid for axletrees, in Gracechurch-street. I cannot tell exactly the height of the outer walls. They were, perhaps, about seventy feet high, from the pavement to the top of the Pediment. There was nothing above the pediment. I think, as Isaid before, that the great weight of the portico strained the piers. The joists which supported the flies were not put into the walls at the time the brickwork was erecting; apertures were afterwards made for that purpose. The flies contained a great number of joists. In my judgment the holes cut in the wall to receive the joists did it no good.— The least thickness of any part of the wall was about two feet. I don't know whether any part of the wall was only two bricks thick, or less than two and a half. The parapet wall extended about five feet above the gutter at each end, and were carried about eight feet high from the pediment in the centre. The top gallery was supported by iron pillars having their footing on the foundation. The pit saloon was supported by brick piers, which received iron columns, and were bedded on these piers up to the under side of the uppei gallery. The name of the clerk of the works is Shaw ; he gave me all my orders. Mr. Whitwell was the architect and surveyor, and at his suggestion, while I was building the carcase of the house, sonic alterations were made in the walls ; thee alterations were in regard of making flues, for the purpose of airing and warming the theatre. The flies were par sated. There were a great many alterations made in the interior of the theatre, under the direction of Mr. Whit well. All the directions, from first to last, which I received were either from him, or from his clerk (Shaw), With the exception of an order which I got from Mr. Carruthers to block up three openings at one end opposite the house of Develly the wheel-wright ; these openings were in the southern wall, and I don't know whether that is part of the wall now standing. The al terations made in the walls while building, or any other alterations, could not in the slightest degree weaken it or effect its security. _ _ _ James Arding, the carpenter, was next examined.—l reside in Dorset•street, Fleet-street. Some time in the month of August last, I read my instructions from Mr. Maurice, to place a horde in front of the site of the late Theatre in Well-street—after which Mr. Maurice asked me if I would like to do the carpenters' work of the then intended theatre, to be built on such site, for himself and his partner, Mr. Carruthers ; I asked to see the drawings of it that I might judge. I was once or twice promised a view of them, but I did not then see them, Mr. Whitwell not having completed them at the time ; afterwards, when my decision was asked for, I was told that the architect intended to make the building in a great measure proof, and, that therefore, little would be required of me as carpenter, more than to prize the several parts of the building inside. However, I was then desired by Mr. Maurice and Mr. Carruthers to call on Mr. Whitwell, and enter into written terms at so much per foot. I called on him accordingly, and he ex plained to me the nature of the work, and I entered into the following written contracts : The contracts were then put in and read ; they set forth that the materials used were to be of the best description, and that the building was to he completed according to a plan which was to be supplied by the architect. One of these contracts was signed by the late Mr. Maurice. At this period another letter was handed to the Coroner, which, when he read, he stated to be a letter from the Office of Works, the effect of which was, to inform him (the Coroner) that Mr. Nash and Mr. Smirk, the archi tects attached to that office, had been ordered to proceed to-morrow morning to survey the ruins of the late Theatre in Well-street; that they should accordingly be there be tween 11 and 12 o'clock, and that the bearer of the letter was to have sent by him to the office all the plans and drawings that had been made of the building, that the Surveyors might be the better able accurately to make their survey. Mr. Comyn said that neither Mr. Carruthers nor the relatives of the deceased Mr. Maurice, had those docu ments ; that they were in the hands of Mr. Whitwell, and that nothing would get them from him hut the Coroner's warrant, calling upon him to produce their). The CORONER enquired if theria was any friend of Mr. ' Whitwell'e in Court. Mr. Finlay, who described himself to be of No. 19, Vauxhall-walk, Lambeth, a draftsman and artist, said he was, and that he had assisted Mr. Whitwell to make the plans. The CORONER then desired his compliments to he con veyed to Mr. W., with his request that Mr. W. would have the goodness to send the plans for the purpose they were now required for. Mr. Finlay was not sure that he could find Mr. W. until late this evening. He would however, do his utmost to meet with him, and g et whatever plans b e h a d. H e did not believe that Mr. W. had them all ; he thought some of the friends of Mr. Maurice and Mr. Carruthers, must have some of them. Mr. Comvn now reminded the Coroner that it was half past five o'clock, and suggested that the further examina tion might he postponed. The CORONER adjourned the Inquest, until two o'clock in the afternoon of to-morrow (Thursday), having pre viously hound the Jury in their several recognizancee to give their attendance at that hour. When Mr. Arding was leaving the Court-house, the CoaoNen recommended him strongly not to hold commu nication with any of the parties interested. Messrs. Pullen and son attended the inquest as the soli citors of the friends of the deceased Mr. Maurice. TILE LATE ACCIDENT AT MANCHESTER. —On Saturday morning an inquest was held by Mr. MILNE on.the bodies of the sufferers (sixteen in number), which lay at the New Quay Company's yard ; but as Mr. MILNE refused to admit any persons to be present, except those engaged in the inquest, we are not able to give any particulars of the evidence. The Jury finally returned a verdict that the unfortunate persons were accidentally drowned at the launching of a vessel. On the afternoon of the same day, inquests were held on the bodies which lay in Salford; namely, sixteen at the Britannia public house, and six nt the Boat-house, in Oldfield Road; when the evidence was to the same effect as that given on toe inquests in Man chester ; and the verdict was, in each case, the aule , Mari ch este r Paper, LAW INTELLIGENCE. VIOE-CHANCELLOR'S COURT, 31Atteit 5. THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL, ON THE RELATION OF CAII WITHIN, V. THE lIATOR. AND CORPORATION OF EXETER. In this case, which was a suit promoted chiefly by the Commissioners for Inquiring into the Manage ment of Public Charities, the defendants were charged with having mismanaged the income and estates be longing to the Hospital of St. Mary Magdalen at Exeter, the Court was prayed to order them to render full accounts of their management • to remove them from their offices of Trustees to the charity; to appoint new officers in their stead; and lastly, to refer it to the Master to form a new plan for the future management of the charity. The informa tion charged the defendants that they had usually elected one of their own body (generally the Mayor for the time being) warden of the hospital. They had, until 1804, mixed up the accounts of the hospi tal with those of the corporation, and had leased the property belonging to the charity under their own corporate seal, instead of leasing them under the seal of the foundation. Some of the premises be longing to the charity they permitted to be occupied without receiving any rent whatever. The bill prayed that an inquiry might be made into the cir cumstances under which the whole of these leases had been granted, and that those might be vacated that might be found injurious to the charity. Mr. SUGDEN appeared on behalf of the defend ants, who, by their bill, denied having been guilty of any mismanagement. None of the income or funds of the charity had been applied to any private pur poses, but had been expended in public works. Mr. MERSVALE followed on the same side. Mr. AGAR, with whom was Mr. GIRDLESTONE, contended that the Corporation, as trustees for the publig, were hound to account fully for the whole of their management in the same manna as other trustees. The VICE-CHANCELLOR was of opinion that it was in this case but reasonable to give costs as be tween attorney and client. His Honour thought that the Corporation having obtained the patronage of the hospital by exchange, could not be removed from their offices as trustees. He, however, considered that a new scheme was requisite for the future ma nagement of the charity, but it must certainly be made with relation to those at present on the foun dation. The question as to the extent to which the inquiries prayed should be carried was one which he would only decide after a more complete exa mination of the evidence in the cause. COURT OF KING'S BENCH, Af --ARCH J. DE LA CHAUMETTE V. THE GOVERNORS AND COMPANY OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND. This was an action of trover to recover the value of a 5001. Bank of England note, dated the 16th of February, 1826, No. 4,356. The plaintiff, Mr. De la Chaumette, was a mer chant of great respectability and affluence, residing in the city of London. The defendants were the Governor and Company of the Bank of England.— The question which the Jury would have to try was a very short one. It was whether the Bank of Eng land had a right to retain a 500/. Bank-note, which was the property of the plaintiff, on the plea that it had been improperly obtained. The Jury found a verdict for the plaintiff--Da mages 500/. ADMIRALTY COURT, MARCH b. THE MARGARET.—SALVAGE. This was a case of a rather novel kind. It was an action brought by six seamen against their owners, under the following circumstances :—The Margaret and the Rookwood, two whalers belonging to Mr. Mellish, left Shetland in company; they afterwards parted, the former bound for Davis's Straits, the latter for Greenland. The Rookwood having no success in the Greenland fishery, proceeded to Davis's Straits, where, at the end of September,. 1826, she fell in with the Margaret, who had received some damage in the after-part of her keel by contact with the ice, and, giving up fishing, accompanied her to a port on the east side of the Straits. No repairs, were however, necessary; but the Rookwood attend ed the Margaret OR her voyage to England, till the ships were separated by a storm. The plaintiffs, mariners in the Rookwood, claimed a compensation for services, and also on the ground that their remu neration for the voyage depended upon the quantity of oil caught; so that the loss arising from their de tention was equivalent to a loss of pay to them. After Dr. DonsoN and Dr. SALUSBURY had been heard for the salvors, anti Dr. LUSIIINGTON and Dr. NICHOLL for the owners, Sir C. ROBINSON said he considered that there had been no specific service rendered in the present case, and no specific danger incurred; he should therefore pronounce against the claim of the mariners, and dis miss the owners from the suit. Dr. DODSON applied for the expences of the sea men, but the Court refused them. LORD MAYOR'S COURT.—MARcH J. PEARCE ANT, PEARCE V. COUNT LINSENCEN ; CARTER Garnisher. This was an application made to the Court by , one of the four attorneys who practice in it, for pro tection in a case of some moment. The public are aware, that in the city of London the money ofa defen dant may be attached by a creditor in the hands of a third person, and thatthe endsofjustice are greatly faci litated by this mode of retribution. Mistakes how ever, sometimes occur, and the following was re presented to the Court as a case in which an at tachment could not lie against Mr. Carter. The grounds of Mr. Carter's application were these :—An attachment had been made at the suit of the above mentioned plaintiffs, of certain money alleged to be in the hands of the garnisher, the pro perty of the Count Linsengen, under the following circumstances. About the 7th of May, 1827, Mr. Carter, as one of the attorneys of the Court, was applied to by Messrs. Bebb and Ganning, solicitors for the defendant, for the purpose of putting in bail, and bringing a wire (arias ad disprobanduni debiturn for the defendant in a certain attachment of his money then pending, in which Sir W. D'Arcy Todd was plaintiff, and Messrs. Cox and Greenwood were garnishers. Mr. Carter took such proceed ings, and the defendant obtained judgment of resti tution of the money condemned. When this judg ment was obtained, Mr. Carter, by the direction of Messrs. Bebb and Ganning issued an execution against the plaintiff's sureties in that attachment, for the sum of 6571. Bs. One of the sureties paid his moiety in satisfaction of the execution, and Mr. Carter handed over the amount to Messrs. Bebb and Gan ning. The other surety paid his moiety to Sewell, one of the Serjeants at Mace of the Mayor's Court, and at the same time that surety's attorney gave Sewell notice not to part with the money until an application could be made to the Court to set aside the execution for irregularity. Counsel was heard upon both sides, and the Court took time to con sider its judgment; after which, it decided in favour of the defendant—thereby establishing the validity of the execution. On the day that judgment was given, Mr. Carter, by direction of Messrs. Bebb and Canning, applied to Sewell for payment of the 3281. 14s. the moiety of the money condemned. Sewell told Mr. Carter, in the public office of the Mayor's Court, that he would bring the money to him next morning, and was heard making such communication, he (Mr. Carter) believed, from what had since trans pired, by one or two individuals in the office; for when Sewell called next day to pay over the money, and was in the act of counting it, a clerk in the office served him (Mr. Carter) with the attachment which formed the subject of the present application. Mr. Carter having been employed in the first-men tioned attachment by Messrs. Bebb and Canning, and not by Count Linsengen, and feeling that he was accountable to them, and that he had no right to he made a party to a suit which might involve him in litigation, trouble, and difficulty, refused to receive the money. While, however, the money was lying on the desk, Mr. Bebb, one of Mr. Car ter's employers, coming by chance'into the °Go!, and being told the circumstances, made himself master of the 328/. 14s, with the consent of Sewell, who handed it over to him and his partner. Notwith standing these facts, the plaintiff entered this attach ment for trial, Mr. Carter denied that he had ever, directly or indirectly, during the progress of the suit, either seen or corres2onded with Count Linsengen, nor even at any other time; and declared that he was solely em ployed by Messrs. Bebb and Ginning, to whom, and to whom only he was accounta bl e ; and that he could not have paid over the money, even if he had received it, to any other person; those gentlemen having, us he believed, advanced large sums of money to the Count, on whose property they had of course a lien to a considerable amount. The alleged Garnisher therefore submitted that, inasmuch as . he was an officer of that Court, even if he had been employed by Count Linsengen, he ought to be pri vileged and protected, and, therefere, that he ought not to be called upon to answer in this suit, but that the Court would give the necessary protection. The Court immediately granted a rule to show cause. LENT ASSIZES. MIDLAND CIRCUIT—NORTHAMPTON, MARcH 4. The Commission having been opened here on Saturday, the business of the Assizes commenced yesterday. The cause-list was extremely light, only three causes having been entered for trial, of which, the record was withdrawn in one, a verdict was taken by consent in another, and the third, in which Sir James Scarlett is specially retained, is axed for Thursday. The calendar, however, is unusually heavy. It contains the names of 55 prisoners for trial, of whom a large number are charged with sheep-stealing, and several with offences against the game-laws. John Spittle, Thomas Hativell, and Richard Haynes, were indicted for stealing, on the 15th of October last, at the parish of Brackley St. Peter, in this county, from out of the mail-cart running from Oxford to Northampton, certain bags of letters, the property of his Majesty's Post-master GeneraL Richard Haynes also stood indicted for feloniously receiving certain promissory notes, bank notes, and bills of exchange, which had been contained in such letters, knowing them to have been stolen. In consideration of Haynes pleading " Guilty" to the minor offence, no evidence was offered against him on the capital charge, of which he was there fore acquitted. The .Jury acquitted Hatwell, and found Spittle George Coleman, John Tarry, Leomi Howard, and Charles King, were indicted for a burglary in the house of the Misses Wakefields, respectable ladies in the town. The Jury found them all guilty, and sentence of death was recorded against them. WESTERN CIRCUIT.—WINCHESTER, Dla.a.ca 4. This day the Judges attended divine service in the Cathedral. Their Lordships arrived at the Castle at one o'clock, when Mr. Justice GASELE took his seat in the Crown Court, and proceeded to charge the Grand Jury. His Lordship said, that he was extremely concerned to see the state of the calendar which lay before him. Not only was the number of prisoners unusually great, but the proportion of per sons in custody for capital offences was much larger than he had expected. The progressive increase of crime was a subject of the deepest interest to society in this country; and he hoped that the inquiry which had been instituted by the House of Commons, and which was at present going forward, might lead to the discovery of the cause which produced such lamentable effects. His Lordship then adverted to the great number of persons committed for trial at the Assizes, but only charged with the commission of slight offences. He could not help observing, that the offences with which some of these persons were charged were of so slight a nature, that even if established by the evidence, they would be more than sufficiently punished by the im prisonment which the parties had suffered.— After some other observations from his Lordship, the Grand Jury retired, and in the course of the day returned true bills against some persons for offences not distinguished by any circumstances of peculiar enormity. The Grand Jury have found a true bill against one of the women, charged with the murder of them illegitimate, children, and ignored the bill against the other. . . The Court is proceeding with all due solemnity to inquire into the guilt of a man who is charged with having stolen a hand-dish, value 3d; This is one of the cases which the Magistrates appear to have considered as of too grave and important a character to be decided by themselves at the Quarter Sessions.—The prisoner was " Acquitted." George Liming was indicted for having, in the' parish of Crondall, fraudulently and feloniously. em bezzled the sum of 111. 155., the property of the Rev. Launcelot Jefferson, which he (Liming) had been employed, as the servant of Mr. Jefferson, to collect and receive in his name and for his use. The prisoner was found "Guilty," but recom mended by the reverend prosecutor to mercy. The Court was engaged all . day with the case of "Britten V. Weddell,' which was entirely uninte resting to any but those immediately concerned, the question in issue being merely whether, under the circumstances of the case, there existed a tenancy between the parties. BRITTEN V. WEDDELL. This was an action of replevin against the defendant, for improperly distraining the plaintiff's goods. It appeared that the plaintiff was in possession of a house and land, to which the defendant was agent for receiving the rents, and there being half a year's rent due, he put in a distress for the amount (650, which, en the part of the plaintiff, it was contended, was not due ; nor was the plaintiff liable, inasmuch as he had not taken the premises for a term cer tain, but had taken them on the mere understanding for a lease, and thereby was not liable to a distress. Various letters were put in to show the plaintiff's holding. The case ul timately went to the Jury on these two points—whethet there was a letting at all ; and, if there was, they were to find for the defendant. If, on the contrary, there was no letting, but the plaintiff merely held under an agreement fur a lease, the defendant's remedy in that case being by an ac tion for use and occupation, and not by distress, there then being no demise, then the Jury were to find for the plain tiff.—Verdict for the defendant. MARRIED. On the 4th instant, Owen Evans, Esq., surgeon, Cha pel-street, Bedford-row, to Anna-Maria, second daughter of Fitzroy Montague, Esq., of Kensington. On the 19th ult., at slachynlleth Church, Mathew Davies Williams, Esq., eldest ion of Isaac Lloyd Williams, Esq., of Lincoln's-inn, to Susanna, eldest daughter of the. late Simon Griffith, Esq., of Cwmrhaiad, in the county of Montgomery. DIED. la Os the Ist ult. , at B a y onn e , Edward, eldest son of J. V. Harvey, His Maje st y' s C onsul at that place. aged 46, Frederick Mil h obarrister-at-law, of the Hon: Society of Linc oln ' s-inn. On the 31 st of A u gust last, aged 23, en board His Ma jesty's ship Java, at Penang, in the East Indies, Mr. Wil liam Robinson , eldest son of Wm. Robinson, Esq., LL.D., of the Middle Temple, barrister-at . law, and of Tottenham,. 0 1 s n the Van 27th iy t b uy.;en of , paralysis, i s, ult in the county of Middlesex. On the 13th ult., on the Mediterranean station, Mr. Frederick Fennell, midshipman of . his Majesty's' ship Ariadne, fourth son of the Rev. Robert Fennell, of Wim bledon common. On:the 26th ult., at St. Mary -le-Strand-place, Old-Kent road, George Howard, nephew of Lewis Howard, Esq., of the Custom-house. On the sth instant; at Cloudesley-terrace, Islington, aged 31, the wife of Mr. Parker, Furnival'i-inn, solicitor. Oa the 3d instant, at Blackheath, Joseph 31inet, aged 62. On the 2 9 th lilt., at Albany-barracks, isle of Wight, Margaret, the wife of Capt. James Bowes, of the Royale Irish Fusileers. On the 3d instant, Harriet, the wife of Mr. Day, sur geon, Islcworth. On the 21st ult., at Savona, on his journey from Nice, Mr. Henry Lucas, aged 22. On the 2(1 instant, universally lamented by his relatives and friends, Mr. Daniel Butler, Fleet-market. PRINTED and PUBLISHED by M. 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