The Sun. — London, England, 1841-04-07 00:00:00

ORN IN U EDITION. CONVERSION OF PORTUGUESE STOCK. Committee Room, Old Swan, April 6, 1841. The Committee of the Stock Exchange having invited the Chairman of the Committee of Portuguese Bondholders to an intervies this day, on the subject of the Conversion of the Bonds und , r the unprincipled Decree of the Portuguese Go vernment, dated 2d November last, a Deputation from the lat ter visited them at their Committee Room, and in consequence of the representation made as to the fatal consequences to the Bond holders w•ich would ensue, should the Stock Exchange sanction the menaced conversion ; and it having also been urged upon their attention the unanimous feeling displayed in opposition to the decree at the two late public meetings (so numerously attended), the Committee of the Stock Exchange transmitted the follow ing letter to the Chairman : ICommittee Room, April 6, 1841. Sir,—l am directed by the Committee of the Stock Ex change to inform you, that at the Meeting held this day, it was resolved— " That the further consideration of the Memorials on the subject of marking the prices in New Portuguese Bonds, be adjourned till Monday, the 4th May next." I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant, JAMES VAN SOMMER, Secretary. Richard Thornton, Esq.. Chairman of the Committee of Portuguese Bondholders. The Committee again urge the Bondholders on no account to convert their Bonds. NEW WORK BY THOMAS CAMPBELL, ESQ. Just ready, in 2 vols. Svo., with Portraits of Petrarch, Laura, T HE LIFE OF PETR ARC H. By THOMAS CAMPBELL, Esq. Author of " The Pleasures of Hope." &c. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlb)rough-street. *** Orders received by all Booksellers. EDITED BY MRS. TROLLOPE. Just ready, in 2 vols. Bvo., with Illustrations by Hervieu, A SUMMER IN WESTERN FRANCE; Including the Provinces from THE LOIRE TO THE DORDOGNE. Edited by FRANCES TROLLOPE, 'Author of "Domestic Manners of the Americans," &c. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlbororgh-,treet. Of whom may be hat, in :1 vols. Svo., with 14 Illustratrations TROLLOPE'S " SUMMER IN BRITANY." THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. U \ DER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS. ON EASTER MONDAY. APRIL 12, Will be repeated_the New Comedy, in Five Acts, entitled LONDON ASSURANCE. Sir Harcourt Courtly, Bart., Mr. W. Farren ; Max Hark away, Mr. Bartley; Mr. Charles Courtly, Mr. Anderson; Mr. Adolphus Spanker, Mr. Keeley; Mr. Dazzle, Mr. C. Mathews; Mark Meddle, Mr. Harley; Grace Harka:ray, Madame Vestris; Lady Gay Spanker, Mrs. Nisbett ; Mrs. Pert. Mrs. Humbr. Atter which will be produced, a Grand Romantic Fairy Ex travaganza, entitled BEAUTY AND THE BEAST. Principal Characters by Mr. W. Mr. Harley, Mr. J. Bland, Mr. Gilbert and Mi ss Ballin, Harrison,lliss Fairbrothar, Master and Miss Marshal - , 11iss Rainforth, Miss Grant, Miss Lee, and Madame Yestris. boors tc t e evened at half-past Six—the performances to co T'atenrB at Se 7en o'Clock. Dress Boxes 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First and Second (- ircles, ss. ; Second Price, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, 3s. ; Second Price 2s. ; Gallery Is. Tickets an.l places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Grogan at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets m .ty oe had upon application. Private Boat.. to be had so'els of Mr. Ands sws, bookseller, New Bond-street. TO CORRESPONDENTS. If " Fair Play" will favour us with his name and address, we may publish his letter. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. %1 ruing 30 minutes after 2 i Evening ..... minutes after 2 LONDON WEDNESDAY, APRIL 7, 1841.1 In the House of Lords yesterday the Royal Assent was given to the East India Rum, the Population Act Amendment, and several other Bills. A few petitions were presented; some returns connected with late trials in Ireland were ordered. The Earl of CLARENDON gave notice of a Bill on the law of Principal and Factor, after Easter, and their Lordships adjourned to the 22d. inst. In the Commons, a considerable quantity of private business was transacted, and a number of petitions were presented. Mr. IfuntE moved for a number of papers to illustrate the case of the Rajah of SArrAnAn, but postponed presenting the RAJAH'S petition till after the holidays, because the English version of it was not completed, The SPEAKER fr_inounced the receipt of a let ter from Sir R. STOPFORD, acknowledging the thanks of tte House of Commons. On the motion of Viscount PALMERSTON, and after a brief conversation, the House was ordered to adjourn at its rising to the 20th inst. The following notices were given for after the holidays :—Mr. W. S. O'BRIEN, an address on the 29th inst. to carry into effect the Second Re port of the Railway Commissioners (Ireland) ; Mr. GROTE, a motion on the 22d relative to the New South Wales Land Fund; Mr. HAWES, on the 21st, the second reading of the Medical Re form Bill ; Mr. EWART, on the 20th, to open the Regent's -park; and Mr. MUNTZ, a Committee on the Criminal Justice Bill—a clause to declare valid the Birmingham Charter. In reply to Mr. P. HOWARD, Viscount PAL MERSTON said that the Portuguese Commission had referred the question of what should be con sidered binding contracts to the arbitrator, and till he decided that question the Commissioners felt it to be of no use to invite claimants to send in their claims. In reply to Mr. GOULBURN, Viscount PAL -ITERSTON stated that the whole of the papers re lative to Syria would be laid on the table in a few days. Mr. EWART moved an Address to the Crown to appoint a Minister of Education, who should very year lay before Parliament a statement of the condition and prospects of the education of the people. The Hon. Member pressed his mo tion by a number of statements relative to the advantages which other departments derived from having a responsible Minister—to what was Alone on this head in other countries, in which, as in France and Prussia, periodical reports were made public, and relative to the state of educa. .ion in this and other countries. The Hon. Gen tleman hoped that our country would imitate Trance and Prussia ; and he was convinced that, by promoting education, they would promote. morality and religion. Mr. O'BRIEN seconded the motion, and en forced the necessity of a Minister of Education by some quotations to show how ignorant the people are. Sir G. GREY opposed the motion. He agreed with Mr. EWART as to its importance, and as to the defective condition of education in England, but he foresaw great diffiulty in carrying the project into effect. Mr. EWART consented to withdraw his motion, but said he would, at the proper time, move an. additition to the paltry grant of 30,0001. now voted for educational purposes. Mr. HUME moved for a Committee to inquire into the present state of National Monuments in. Westminster Abbey, St. Paul's Cathedral, and other public places, to consider of the best means for their protection, and to facilitate the admis ton of the public to them. The Hon. Member expatiated on the public advantage of opening the monuments to inspection, but postponed no minating the Committee till after Easter. Mr. MACKINNON supported the motion, Con ceiving that it would improve the taste of the people if all the Cathedrals were thrown open to them. Mr. LABouctitßE, not objecting to the motion, deprecated any lengthened discussion. He con :,idered that every facility ought to be given to he people to have access to the public moan inants. Sir ROBERT INGLIS exclaimed against opening Cathedrals to the public, over whi c h h e said the Rouse had no power. The Hon. Baronet pro bably regards them as the property of, the priest hood. He inquired whether the Cartoons were to continue exposed to a similar danger to that from which they had recently escaped. Lord MORPETH replied that the Chief Com.. missioner of Woods and Forests had been to HariMtv t; ,and there was, he believed, no chap of ‘s.gell an: Zcid.ent again occurring. j l oi f i l4 F4. l tti:" - the. request of Viscount PA t9L3(;:riTidrew 'hi's motion relative to the • • t 4 recess. Viscount PAL ; • s )414,r0i Atatedz.tLat while the negotiations were pending; as a strong feeling on the subject pre vailed both in England and America, a debate might be attended with injurious consequences. The Select Committee on Joint. Stock Banks was nominated, as was the Committee on Ex- piring Laws. A Bill to continue the Arms' (Ireland) Acts was brought in and read a first time. The South Australian Bill was passed. The resolutions on the Colonial Tariff were reported, and a Bill brought in. Some other matters of routine were carried through, and at Half-past Seven the House adjourned to the 20th instant. A pamphlet has recently been published afp Manchester by the Rev. R. PARKINSON, 8.D., Canon of Manchester, on the present condition of the labouring poor, which contains some re marks that deserve much consideration. For example, he ascribes many of the misunderstand ings which now exist between masters and work men, givers and receivers, to their "ignorance of each other." He says— IGNORANCE OF EACH OTHER. This is the text. Most men will at once allow it to be in a great measure true, and to be one great impediment in the way of relieving want and distress; but few men who have not given their minds distinctly to the consideration of the subject, are fully aware of how profound is this ignorance in this great town. The rich, as a class, know nothing of each other ; the poor, as a class, know nothing of each other ; end no wonder there that the rich should be at least as ignorant of the poor. and the poor of the rich, as they are respec tively of the class to which they belong. I have said that the rich are profoundly ignorant of each other; and no one who has not had an opportunity of mixing pretty ge floridly in society can be fully aware of the degree in which this ignorance prevails. Men sire bound down to this place almost exclusively by the tie of business : but business leads to seclusion from general matters, to ignorance of those pursuing another branch of trade—te rivalry or opposition with regard to those engaged in our onn. Then there are the differences of religion, which split men into sects ; and the differences of politics, which divide them into parties. From these, and similar causes, it arises that. taken as a community, there is probably no town in the world where men know so little of each other, or where it is so difficult to arrive at any accurate knowledge of what is the prevalent feeling on any question, as it is in Manchester. Men constantly breathe one atmosphere with those of similar tastes and opinions with themselves; they hear repeated the echo of their own voices till they fancy them to be those of the pubic at large; and they are filled with surprise when some great crisis, e thcr commercial or political, arrives, to find how profoundly ignorant they bad all along been of that which seemed to them to be as clear as daylight. . . Each has his theory in trade, in politics, in religion ; and each, drawing a general conclusion as to his ability from his undeniable success in his own particular department, probably feels, if he would confess so much, that, give him his own way, and be could refcrm and gcvern the world I I have mentioned the ignorance of the poor, with re gird to each other. It may seem to some that this is an immaterial question ; when the subject under discussion is the best mode of discovering and relieving the distresses of the poor. But whosoever draws this conclusion betrays an utter ignorance of human nature, and the actual con. dition and conduct cf the poorer classes. The poor give more to each other than the rich give to the poor. lam confirmed in this assertion by the testimony of one of our oldest, most learnt d, and most observant physicians, whose humanity is as conspicuous as his learning mid ta!enr, and who has of ea puiliely cl , clared that the experience of nearly fifty years has convinced him that the eggs, gate sum given in each year by the poor to each other exceeds that csntributed by the rich in the Caine petied. Nor is this surprising. The poor man naturally fl .- in the first instance, fur assistance to those neares• . to best known to him, and th e most lik e l y , fe sito feeli t ngs of him sympathy, to relieve his a t t h e moment. amen, pressing bu necessity. Of course, those nee him are naturally persons . 41 somewhat simil ar con di t i on in L,est and best k nown to of Inc with himself, 8- .. a a fellow-feeling, together with thst seas a state of d est i tut i on may a painful forebodir:. soon become reek own, causes such appeals to be at once list - sned to, Recording to the means, and often even bei;ond the means of the givers. Hence a knowledge of each other, among the poor, is absolutely necessary to pre. vent them from lejn e ,s , constantly imposed upon by others very little poorer, and much less honest, than themselves. I believe that imposture thrives especially amongst the poor. They are much less able to detect it, and less suspicious of its existence, than the rich. Hence it is that ignorance of each other is the cause, not only that they often bestow a portion of their own scanty pittance upon those who are totally unworthy of it, but that they cherish in their own bosoms a nest of idle or vicious outcasts, who prey upon their very vitals, mad find a refuge among them, through their mistaken humanity, from the salutary control of public opinion nay, often from the hands of public justice. Most other towns have been young before they became old,—were villages before they became cities ; bad a time of infancy, with all the parts and limbs in little of that manhood to which they base at last arrived : and their growing and expanding was but the setting of those bones and the strengthening of those sinews which existed in all their symmetry, though not in all their strength and corn. pactness, in the earlier stages of the advancing common. wealth. But no such account can be given of the rise and progress of the vast community among which we live. We have not grown, but accumulated ; we are not strati fied, we are but a conglomerate. We are but, as it wore, the debris which the vast whirlpool of human affairs has deposited here in one of its eddies, associated but not united, contiguous but not connected. Hence, therefore, irregularities and anomalies, which in other circumstances would be intolerable, are with us naturally to be expected, and are the direct consequence of our peculiar condition. That is rather a long but an instructive quota tion. Undoubtedly, what is true of Manchester, is true of every other great town in the empire. It is emphatically true of London, where a man has his business established in one place and his home surrounded only by domestic servants in another. It is emphatically true of those who live at the West-end, and those who live at the East-end. It is true of Ministers of the Crown and Members of Parliament, particularly Mem bers of the Upper House, who live in the midst of clerks, servants, and parasites. They can know nothing of the feelings, wants, and wishes of the bulk of the people. Above all, it is emphatically true of the Bishops and other dignitaries of the Church, who begin their public life with a particular theory of human nature, which they swear to abide by, and into accordance with which they struggle, through their whole existence, to drill the community. Every fact which contradicts their theory, they try to suppress or pervert. Their whole minds are artificial, which are prevented from ever be coming otherwise, by associating only with their fellow-dignitaries, or with those who, by a species of worship, nourish that one-sided arrogance for which they are distinguished. When igno rance of one another prevails in the same town amongst masters and amongst workmen, it is pre. sumable that ,a similar kind of ignorance per• wades all classes, and is, as the Rev. Mr. PAR. KTNSON says, the great cause of mistrust, aliena tion, and hostility. We know that it is eminently the case in the different nations, and with men of different religions, and hence the incessant and mutual hostility between the English Protestants and Irish Catholics. It may be remarked, that the lower classes in general, though now and then they imitate the example of the upper classes, and try their hands at a charter, or demand some sumptuary laws, are sensible of their unacquaintedness with the pursuits and avocations of the upper classes, and do not propose to interfere with their amuse ments or their occupations, or to make laws for them. They do not believe, apparently, that society would be made happier and better by moulding the upper classes after their own form and fashion. But the upper classes are by no means so forbearing towards their humbler bre thren. Not werely those amongst them who have seats in Parliament, but the great bulk of the classes above the day labourers, artisans, and mechanics, continually suppose that they alone are qualified to direct the pursuits and avoca tions of the humbler classes, and they continually seek to interfere by means of laws with their amusements and occupations. They must not go to plays, they must keep away from balls and concerts, they must not walk forth on the Sab bath, they must not congregate in public-houses after certain hours, they must not, under certain t c i rcums tances, hold public meetings, and t h ey tnho as they like, command butren must aisn theirs ort walknmore in op tl u l l e en w t or b l r d e , them.. If there be, however, such gross ignorance of one ano ther as Mr. PARKINSON describes, may we not conj?cture that when it gets embodied into laws, an 1 enforced by the public will, it is one of the many causes of the helplessness, destitu tion, and pauperism to which the humbler classes are continually a prey ? They never can see or know, in consequence of such a continual inter- ference, which always steps betwixt them and their fate, the natural causes on which their well-being depends, and they consequently cannot know effectually how to take care of them- selves. Take, for example, the present exertions, dic tated by the most beneficent spirit, which are making to improve the health of the working . classes. A few gentlemen, compOsing a Com mission, walk, perhaps for the first time in their lives, into the alleys and closes in which the poor dwell. Th e squalor is to them in describably offensive. Handsful of snuff, or powe , f;al aromatic perfumes, sf.arcel, , them firmlal,.tlllb."'ley urce thcii* way to a Sick bed, and find painful disease N4' 444 -.. \t t , 7 4 ) 4 01' . 1, 4/ 4, r , 7 .6_ 1 , 41,, • ' ;' 4 .4 - ;`, % ~.s e, 5, : - f --- --• '--- '• ...'t. l s - , .., .1 , '- 7 efl k 4 ----,„k'e-SE-, *V" . . c y ''''' ' tat P: SUN, LONDON, WEDNESD V, At Pjljt ( 7US I made more painful by an utter want of cleanli ness, by a total exclusion of the balmy air, and by a system of treatment altogether improper. They see heaps of putrifying matter lying about, gutters stopped, and the soil clammy with foul water, for want of a means of draining the place. All these are great evils, but they are only a very small part either of society or of the lives and conditions of the individuals in vestigated. Never before, perhaps, were they or their like, seen by the Commis sioners, with whom they have no communion of feeling; they may even want a common lan guage to communicate, for the same words do not represent to different minds the same things, but on this very temporary, very slight, and very imperfect knowledge, a law, or perhaps a whole system of laws, shall be founded, which are intended, if not to last through all time, at least to operate over future generations. This practical conclusion seems to us not war ranted by the facts. Men would hardly act in their own-personal concerns on such very imper fect knowledge, but they have no hesitation, at least the upper classes have no hesitation, when the lower classes are concerned, to rush upon them at once with an enactment, and fasten it upon themsas their rule of life. We are thankful to Mr. PARKINSON, therefore, for endeavouring to attract attention to the ignorance of each other as the great source of much of the misery of society, and we have only somewhat varied and extended the application of the principle he has brought prominently forward. The debate on Mr. LABOUC HERE'S resolutions, the evening before last, will be more interesting to the public than the resolutions themselves. They are a step in the right path, but the speeches of the Members went further than the resolutions, in the same direction. Mr. GOULBURN, the very model of narrow, bigoted, restrictive Toryism, had no doubt that the mea sure would be advantageous, as applied to the colonies, but the House was bound to consider its ultimate consequences on the whole of the empire. He cannot help, therefore, being at times a Benthamite, or an advocate for the greatest good of the greatest number. Of Mr. LABOUCHRRL'fi sentiments it is unnecessary to say more than that he is the author of the improvements, and defended them on the principles of free trade. Mr. COLQUHOUN, a Tory like Mr. GOULB URN, and the unrelenting foe of his Catholic fel lo w-country men, thought the resolutions did not go far enough, so that he cannot help being for freedom of trate, though he is opposed to freedom of conscience. Mr. HUME'S sentiments are too well known to require any comment, Lut he performed a most valuable service by ions of Lord A S:driuRTON, 'ions the foolish aecusa and showing that the In P°rt nes Committee deserved none of the -Aire which that apostate Lord had heaped on it. cev- Mr. HERRIES, another Tory, avowed that he had always agreed with Mr. HUSKISSON in his commercial reforms, and declared that all the colleagues of that Right Hon. Gentleman shared his convictions. Mr. HERRIES maintained, how ever, that Mr. HusxissoN was not an advocate for tree trade, but for regulated protectiOn, a doctrine which Lord J. RUSSELL disposed of by pointing out the folly of attempting by any legislation to equalize protection amongst all classes of pro ducers ; now giving an advantage to one, anon to another, and finally trying to find for all other classes a compensation. Lord JOHN RUSSELL declared that it was a vicious system which sought the advantage of a particular class instead of seeking the benefit of the whole. The Noble Lord spoke out boldly; and so manfully took the part of Mr. J. D. HUME, the late Secretary to the Board of Trade, on account of the evidence given before the Im port Duties Committee, which he was not obliged to do, that we are inclined to suppose that the Noble Lord sees the improbability of much longer conducting the affairs of the country on the present restrictive and suicidal system. He is inclined, we believe, whenever he can, and he will soon be able if the commercial community backs him, to give effect to the principles of free trade. We can, in fact, state on good authority, that such is Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S inclination, and such is, we believe, the wish of the most enlightened members of the Cabinet; and if they, be not able to act on their inclination, it will be owing to the supineness of the mercantile and manufacturing community. A very little exer tion on their part now would induce the willing Ministry to take a very decisive step, and if it be not taken, the fault will be more in the peo ple than in the Ministers. We have reserved the expression of our satis faction at what took place with regard to the Import Duties to the last. It was cleverly shown by Mr. HUME and Mr. VILLIERS, and the state ments were acquiesced in by Mr. /FERRIES and other men of business, that the Import Duties Committee was fairly constituted, and the evi dence fairly brought forward. Lord ASHBURTON said it was one-sided--what did he mean ? The chief evidence was given by Mr. AFGREGOR, Mr. J. D. HUME, and Mr. PORTER, all of whom are or have been servants of the Government, and they spoke of the system of the Govern ment. Whom would Lord ASHBURTON /lave had called to contradict them ? What under scrub of the Board of Trade or the Treasury, who hasbeen chained to a desk for fifty years, did Lord ASHBURTON wish to have examined? Would lie volunteer his own evidence ? Would he depute his new allyMr.GouLßunN, or some man with a name like THORNEYCROFT, who figures in the ma nufacturing districts as a disciple of Lord ASH BURTON, and an opponent of Mr. BARING, to be examined before the Committee? His Lordship would be cautious, we suspect, how he subjected any of his friends to a cross-examination, and how be exposed himself to be obliged publicly to reconcile the contradictory statements of Mr. BARING and Lord ASHBURTON. The truth is that Lord ASHBURTON, and all that school of politicians, are quite alarmed at the facts which the Import Duties Committee brought to light, and at the manner in which they were substantiated. They cannot set aside these facts, they cannot refute them, and these facts convict Lord ASHBURTON of supporting in his mature life pestiferous errors which in his earlier days he fearlessly denounced. Under the weight of that painful conviction, which he cannot shake off, the Noble Lord cries aloud with vexation and anger, that the Committee was one-sided and unfair. On Monday night the fallacy of these new excuses of a money grubber turned into a lord was made per fectly clear, and an additional benefit was con ferred on the public by Mr. HUME and Mr. VIL LIERS, when they demonstrated that the Noble Lord had denounced the Committee from igno rance and anger. The debate was a proper con clusion of the business before Easter, and is more worthy of public approbation than all the pre vious proceedings since the commencement of the Session. We have received the French Journals of Sunday. Lord GRANVILLE continued seriously indisposed. His complaint is gout—one of those peculiar diseases which meet with more sympa thy in palaces than in parish-workhouses, not withstanding that the latter are by much the more numerous. Lord GRANVILLE is, however, exceedingly and deservedly popular in Paris, and at post hour on Sunday the British Embassy was crowded with anxious visitors. The answer to all inquiries was that his Excellency was no better than on the preceding day. We are happy to state, on the authority of a private letter, that the life of the Noble Earl is consi dered in no danger. The Chamber of Peers did nothing on Satur day but receive the Report of the Committee on the Secret Service Bill, which was in favour of that measure. M. HUMANN then laid the Bill on their Lordships' table, when they adjourned. The mother of the Regicide DARMES, after an examination before a Commission of the Court of Peers, has been set at liberty. The French fleet at Toulon, under the co " Im , mand of Admiral HUGON, received orders on the 29th ult..to be in readiness for proceeding to sea at an hour's notice. The object of the exlieditiOn' tile` Immense masses of timber are floating down the Loire to Indret for the construction oftrans atlantic steamers The King of PMTS eontempihies restoring the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of which an cient Order thirty-two Knights are still living. This is the age of steam and comm9rce) not of chivalry, and when the "plilt Siidi institutions as the Ortlei• of St. John is dead the resuscita- tion of their • externals is little better than a - . mockery of common sense. Chivalry, if indeed it can be said to be alive at the inVelitibli of gun powder, fell before the drst shot of the match lock—its, very ashes were pulverized to atoms, beyond - the power of human indivisibility, by the machinery of the spinning jenny, and .all the galvanism of all the Kings in the world can not now so recompose it as to enable it to stand up for one moment if brought in collision with a common coal-train upon one of our railroads. Orders of Knighthood have now little more than a mercantile value. They are sought by tnerehants becaii§e they ap pear to indicate the possession of wealth by the head of the firm. Sir JOHN RETAILTAPE and Co.,sounds better at the head of a circular, or on a share-list, for which subscribers are wanted, than mere Mr. JOHN IiBTA ILTA CB, linen-draper and slop-seller, of No. 5, Mutto.n-broth-lane. The prefix of " Sir" is also a better passport to matri mony and a dowry than " Mr.," which may belong to somebody, CV'Rq body, and no body, indiscriminately. But knaves an not made honest men nor rakes anc: blacklegs protectors of the oppressed, and guardians of female innucente, by wearing the spurs And mantle of a Templar, or ai Hospitaller. The spirit of chivalry is extinct. and is succeeded among all classes by the spirit of gain. This appears to be very well under stood by the SULTAN, who, in conferring the Order of Merit the other day upon his Prime Minister, httd the decoration set in brilliants, and at the same time accompanied by a sub stantial gift in solid cash to the amount of fort - • thousand pounds sterling. If the King o PRUSSIA wants to restore a chivalrous order lit MOREY and etimmtEtwAti NEws. CITY, TUESDAY EVENING. We have no n e ws either of the Yres.dcnt steamer, or the India overland MD: To.daYThepi,l)ii securities werB rditlreir more Itioy , ant, and there was a goad deal of real business done. For &CMS Chll sole i realiS63, EO% to 893, arid for the Account 89 3 / 4 to %. ExEliegiier Bins WiireStkrly nit dS, td Ils. premium, and India Bonds at par to 2s. premium. The Nett Three.and-a-Half per Cents. were worth 98 1 A to 3 / 4 , the Three per •CeilL Re duced Annuities 88% to -% ex dividend, the Three-aul-a- Half per • Cent. Reduced 97 1 4 to 97 1 /, and Long Annuities 12 11,10 to 1.4: Bank Stdck was Josq, to 170 ex dividend. The Revenue returns, LIS was dritittlited, still showing a defi ciency, checked in some measure the buoyancy Of the llitliket. No decision has yet been come to respecting the sanction of the Committee of the Sock Exchange to dealings in the New or Converted PortugiVse Bonds. Spanish Active Bonds were heavy all day at 233, Portuguese New Five per Cent=. at 333, and the 'three per Cents. at 203 to 3. Colombian Bonds were at an intproven.ent to 23 and 233, Mexican were not higher than 303, and Brazilian were dull at 693. Russian Bonds were marked 1123, and Dutch Five per Cents. 98 to 973." Railway Shares Were Very brisk arid brought fully previous rates. tlreat We4erii R&l vfty brotight 283, the New 133, the Fifth 73 to 3, the Gosport June ion 53, the London! and Bir mingham 67, the New 213, and the S cth Wester% 183 prem. Brighton were 4 ; croydop }, Manchester and Leeds 2, North Midland dnd Soilth Di:tern and,, Dover 14-1 discount. Na tional Provine4l Bank of tngllfid e* Slidle4 were at par. This afternoon the foreign exchanges were Arai, a tfiream stance that cannot but be gratifying' to those who de-ir.• dti improvement in our foreign trade— one great lever in raising the productiveness of the national revenue. The rates at which thr,e months' paper was negotiated were these :--Paris 25f 67%0. to 70c., Hamburgh 13 9% to 3, Amsterdam 12 33 to 43, Frankfort 150, and Trieste 10 2 to 10 3. The following are the official returns of the exports of bul lion from the port of !Anthill fur the week ending 'lhursday last. SilVer ediu tO Elarrlbiligll •,..1241,000 ounces Rot erdam „ bars to Hamburgh WiA do, (From The Sun of Last Night. ) LIVERP4iOL COTTON Alitattzr, APRIL s.—The Market to day his WWI.; in a Tory inanimate state; the sales scarcely amount to 2,000 bales, without any change in priees; the de scriptions purchased cons:st principally of American; the spe culaCons or exports nothing to report. LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, APRIL s.—The bu-iness at the Stock Exchange this day has been to a considerable extent. The transactions reported with the prices are as follow : Chester and Birke.lead New Shares, 16A ; Eastern Counties, debentures, 71; Glasgow, Parsley, and Greenock, 234; Grand Junction. 209; Great Western lialf-shareg, 64i; Mit° Fifths, 1f g ; Lon,lon and Birmi,:glia.n, 156 ; Ditto quarter :hares, 23; London and Brighton U. C., 46*; Midland Counties quarter 'shares, 21i ; North Midland, 75; Paris and Rouen, 5 ; South-Western and Devon, 18i ; London and Bir chipshani, 321. shares, 24i. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 3.—Our mar ket still continues very firm ; stock is bat sparingly offered, and prices higher.—Lancaster and Prest in New, 241; Lon don and South Western, 56 ; Do. Tenths, 21. 34. ; Midland Counties, 83 4; North Mid'and, 784 ; Great Western Fifths, 114 ; Lancaster Canal, 284 ; lluddersfield Canal, 264 ; Bank of Manchester, 73. The Liverpool letter received this morning states that the Margaret, from Liverpool, at the Cape of Good Hope, for - Sydney, New South Wales, had 40 deaths on the passage. The decrease in the revenue has not had any effect on the Briti , h Funds to the present time. Consols opened this morning at the leaving off prices of yesterday, 894 for the Account, and 89# 4 for Money. The Hr brews being absent from the market this m „riling owing to their holidays, consequenly there is nothing doing in either of the markets as yet, nor is it expected that any business of con sequence will be transacted. 1 xchequer Bills 911 prem. In the Foreign Market the prices are nominal at present, it being in an inactive state. Spanish Active same as i' left off, 2341; Deferred, 124 4; Passive, 54;Portuguese as they closed, 334 .T)-t ; Three per Cents. 20 to 4 ; Colombian the same, 224 23; Mexican as it left off, 304 31; Brazilian, 69 70 ; Chilian 59 61 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. 514 4 ; Five per Cents. 974 984. SHARES.—Great Western 274 28 prem. ; New 134 4 prem. ; London and Brighton 4 31 dis. ; Blackwall 5 3 / 4 4 dis. ; Birmingham 64 66 prem. ; Southampton 554 564 per share ; Croydon 134 per sh re ; Greenwich 84 per share ; Man chester and Birmingham 154 14i discount ; South Eastern and Dover 154 144 discount. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE. RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share. Great Western Gosport Junction Birmingham and Derby lOO .. Ditto New London and South Western 3B& 57 ... to Nori h Midland Extract of a letter at Lloyd's, from their agent at Patras, dated Feb. 25 ;—" The Candiot refugees in Greece having re solved to return to their own country to raise an insurrection against the Ottoman authorities, have seized upon several ves sels in the Modena waters, and taken them to Carabusd in Candia ; whether for this or piratical purposes, is unknown. An English schooner was taken off Sapieneza by a boat full of armed Ca diots, and taken to Candia. The British Con sul at Navarino warns all vessels to give the Sap:enen Iles a wide berth, as the Isle of Schezza is the place where the Can diots lu, k. Although the British Market as well as the Foreign conti nues inactive to the present time, the morning quotations con tinue firm. A report prevailed in the Stock Exchange that the Overland Jail from India had arrived, bringing very favourable informa- tion from Ch na. Had thi, been true no doubt it would have caused some aerations in the in ,rke., at p. esent we cannot confirm the above report. Consols may be quoted at the prices in the early part of the morning, 891 fir the Account, Money, 89k, 1; Exchequer sills, 9 11 prem. ; Bank Stork, 69 ex dm. ; ludia Bonds par to 2 prem. - In the Foreign Market, very little doing, Spanish Active, 234 ; Portuguese, 331 ; Colombian, 231 ; Mexican, 301; Dutch Two-and-a-Hall per Cents., nothing done ; live per Cents., 971, Little doing in Shares, quotations rather lower, Great Western 93k; Gosport Junction, 45i ; London and Briehton, 45i ; ditto, New, 23-1 -; London and Western, 57 ; North Midland, 77. Consols fur Accout. 891 ; ditto 25th May, 90A Mexican, 30-1 31 ; Portuguese, 334 34; Spanish, 23} if. Nothing whatever doing. CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bulk Stock 3 per Cent Red ~. 831 Ditto Bonds 2 par 3 per Cent Cons B9h Ditto Old Annuities ... 31 per Cent Red 971 Ditto New Annuities... New 3 per Cent 9B Ex. Bills, 1,000/....2 id 11 pm New 5 per Cent Ditto 500/ ll pm Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small l2 pm Jan. 1860 ... 121 'Bank Stock for 0pg....174 Oct 1859 — India Stock for °pg.... Jan. 1860. FO itEIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 13 per cent.... - Portuguese, 5 per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent — Ditto, New Ditto — Brazilian 80nd5.......... 691 Prussian, 5 per cent — Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent Russian, 5 per cent ll2i Chiliati, 6 per cent...... Ditto, ‘letallic Colombian, 6 per Wit.: -- Spanish, 5 per cent 23i Ditto, 1824 .. 23 Ditto, Deferred l2l Danish, 3 per cent....... French, 5 per cent. —f. —c. Greek, 18:45, 5 per cent. Exchange Mexican, 5 per cent.... 301 French, 3 per cent --f. —e. Ditto,.6 per cent, 1825. Dutch, 21 per cent. ... Peruvian, 1825, 6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent SHARES. Eastern Counties Railway (23 paid ...... ..... Ditto Di•beriturcs ( 4 paid) 74 Great Western Hallway (65 paid) Ditto New Shares (50 paid) 63, Ditto Fifth (4 paid) .. .. .. lla Gosport Junction Railway (441 pd) London and Brighton (50 paid) 46 • . London and Birmingham Railway (90 pd) 157 Ditto New Shares ( 2 paid) 231 London and South Western ... ........... London and Croydon Railway (Trunk) ••• Manchester and Leeds (70 paid) ...... ... Ditto New Shares (30 paid) 3O North Midland Railway (100 paid) ...... South Eastern and Dover (33 paid)... 18h COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY). Amsterdam CF. 12 7 (Gibraltar 4B Ditto, at sight Rotterdam ...2 U. 12 7i Genoa , 25 85 Antwerp l2 66 :11ilan Hamburgh M. B. 13 12& Venice 47 Altona Paris, 3 days' sight ... 25 60 Palermo, per oz 119 Ditto, 3 months 25 85 Lisbon Marseilles Bourdeaux 25 90 Rio Janeiro 2B Frankfort on Maine... 150 i Bahia Petersburgh, 3Us ... 37 Buenos Ayres Perlin..... .. . . Vienna, effec. fl. 3M. 10 3 Philadelphia - 46 Trieste, ditto . Niadrid Portugal Gold Coin £0 0 0 • Cadiz . Bilboa .35 'New Doubloons 0 0 0 Hai celona Seville H kMBUIIGII MAIL. TRIESTE, MARCH 23. —According to recent accounts fr tm Athens, an article has been published in the ,fficial journal, the Courier, which causes a great sensttion, and has increased the general excitement whits it seemed designed to allay. In the article it is declared 46 that the King, on appointing Mavro cordato to the post of President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs, did not intend to give his power, or any part of it, into the hands of the ;Minister President, but that Mavrocordato should be Minister in the same manner as all his predecessors had be.m. The English party, a, it is ca led, are particularly indignant at th!s decl ira tion. Measures were immediately taken by it to open a sub scription for the purpose of securing to ‘lavrocordato a pension for lire, that he may not be obliged to submit to whatever con ditions are proposed to him, but be able to act independently. The French Minister Resident, who has hitherto been much irritated, is said, on the other hand, to be well pleased with tue declaration. According to report., which are not authenti ca t e d, above 600 Cretan have left Greece. • The inhabitants in Candia are said to have chosen M. Te • heriti for the President of a Provisional Government. They are strongly entrenched, and have de Aared to the envoys of Mus tapha Pacha that they do not acknowledge his authority. VIENNA, MARCH 36.—1 t is said that the mission of the 13 Iraziiian Minister, the Marquis of Lisboa, besides the marriage of the Princess to an Austrian Prince, may, perhaps, have the further object of makin some preliminary steps fur the luture marriage of the Emperor Don Pedro 11., now 15 years old, to an Austrian Princess.. Hamburgh Pa pers, April 3. HAMBURG BORSENH A LLE, APRIL 3. 131"ney Austrian 5 per Cents. flank snares Anielo-Ittissiati Loan Itunian 5 per Cent. !st semi, .e 102% 10: Inscription, Ist l(t 1-timid:in 5 per Cent. Hop., and Co. 3d and 4th Se, its Ditto in Certiiirates Dutch actual Debt, 214 pe , 414 Ditto 5 per Cent l'olish Bond. i- New i 'eke 1i Anglo.lianish Loan, per Cee... , 74 71% N wegian Loan, IS:14, 4 per C. l6}i _— Spanish, New 5 per Cents.... ....... THE !GOVERNOR FENNER.—The wreck of this ill-fated vessel, it is now certain,. has gone to pieces on our coast. We have heard that portions of her timbers have been cast up on no less a space of shore than 60 miles. At Aherff raw, among-4 other articles, a chest belonging- to William one of till: passeng , ir,•l! and containing wearing apparel, bo•As, and 604 in money, has been found.... Cansarvos Herald.. must 'follow this example of the SULTAN. I new Knights may then think it worth their while to snake a display of spurious chivalry such as the age will tolerate. The SULTAN has granted a firman for the pro tection of the Christians of Syria and Damascus. The French Ambassador at the Porte, and the Consuls in Syria, have received instructions to watch over the execution of this firman. Russia is adequate to the protection of the Greek Chris tians within the dominions of the Ottoman Porte. The Moniteur of the 4th of April has no official part. SWITZERLAND. —(From the private correspondence of the Constitutionnet):— " BERNE, APRIL, 1., FOUR O'CLO K IN THE AFTERNOON. —The first article of the project cf the Committee h as t een accepted by the strictly neCesiary majority of twelve votes." This article is conceived in the following terms :—" The decree of the Great Council of the canton of Argovia, a the 18th of January. which suppresses aq the convents in its territory, is declared to be incompatible with the 12th article of the Federal Comfact. Four articles remain to be discussed, on two of which it is thought there will be no majority.— Le Constitutionnet. We have received the following letter from Toulon of the 30th of March : "Yesterday evening orders were given to the Mediterranean squadron to prepare to put to sea with all speed. A great bustle was immediately manifested in the port. Every exer tion was made to deliver to the ship under the command of Rear-Admiral Hugon, the articles of which they are in want. At this moment three ships of the line, the Ocean, bearing Admiral Hugon's flag, the Suffren, and the Scipion, are ready. Only ten or twelve can be sent to sea, the others being on the coast of Africa, or under repair in the port." The squadron will go to exercise the crews off the Hieres Islands. It seems that this measure has been solicited by Admiral Hugon, in order to give some eclat to the important command which has been confided to him, and which is a real sinecure. When we reflect on the enormous expense abso lutely thrown away, which the maintenance of this formidable squadron cost France, and with which so much might be done for the honour and interest of the country, one is grieved to the heart. Our road has been covered with ships for seven or • eight months ; one would say that our naval force hides itself, while the English squadrons act bo!dly at every point, to the great prejudice of our corm .rce and of our legitimate influ. ence.—Le Courrier Francais. TO R TONI'S— SU NDA Y. The rise in the Paris funds on Saturday miy be attributed, in some measure, to the London pri,:es of the preceding day having been known at the Bourse ihiough the medium of pigeons. - • -- - • - - CAFE DE PARIS-SUNDAY. HALV••PAST Two.—There has been a good deal of business done. The Three per Cents, for the Account, after having been done at 78f. 95c., are now 7cf. 87c. Madrid Papers, of the 99th ult., have reached us. They do not contain a syllable of news of any interest. The friends of ESPARTERO were ex ceedingly active in promoting the sole Regency. ESPARTERO' S command of the army will induce many to vote for him for fear of some new re volutionary stir among the troops. Letters from Athens, of the 23d of February, confirm the news previously received of the ap pointment of M. MAVROCORDATO, the enlight ened and liberal Minister of Greece at the Court of London, to the office of President of the Council of the new Cabinet. M. MAVROCOR DATO is to be succeeded in the Embassy by M. TRICUPI, whose name is favourably known in this country. We rejoice for the sake of the people of Greece, at the appointment of M. MAvRocoRDATo to the Presidency of the Coun cil. He is an honest and an enlightened man, and of such men there are few to be found at the Court of King OTno. His task, if he dis charge his duty to Greece, will be indeed difficult. He must first drive out of the country the hordes of hungry Bavarians who devour, like so many locusts, every "—every place and appoint mentdisposal of th e Executive. e n - i u green atthel st t nextt i a i l l i l e gH measures for breaking the abso lute sceptre of the Royal Idiot to whom modern statesmen entrusted the Government of Greece, by giving and securing a Constitution to his country. He must utterly abolish the torture, and to the utmost of his powers suppress the Slave Trade. If he suffer himself t o b e ma d e the dupe of the intriguers who surround his im becile Sovereign he is lost. King OTno's grand hobby is absolute power_a power which he wants the capacity to employ other than mis chievously when in his hands. M. MAVROCOR DATO'S hour of trial is come. The steamer that has to convey him to Greece has already arrived, and it will be now seen whether he is adequate to the achievements which his bleeding and oppressed country demands of his patriotism. Nowhere, save in Spain, is the presence of a master-spirit more wanted than in Greece. COURT CIRCULAR. of Il s e h r Majesty e faeld the Queen Dowager, visited tuheee Queen a n d attend ed Prince Albert the yesterday Countess afternoon at Buckingham Palace. Her illaje:ty was received by the Marquis of Headfort. Lord in Wtoing ; Sir Robert Otway, Groom in Waiting ; Colonel Wemy s, Equerry in Waiting; and Colonel Bouverie, Equerry to Prince Albert. Viscount Melbourne had ass audience of her Majesty yes terday Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Kent and Prince George of Cambridge visited the Queen and Prince Albeit yesterday. The Royal Dinner Party at Buckingham Palace last evening included her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, the Duchess of Sutherland, Lady Elizabeth Lawson Gower, Laity Anne Maria Dawson, Viscount Melbourne, Hon. Miss Cavendish, Baron Stockmar, Colonel Courier, and Dr. Prcetorius. His Royal Highness Prince Albert inspected yesterday Mr. George J. Doo's copy of the picture " Ecce Homo," by Cor reggin, in the Nat.onal Gallery. The picture was also sub , milted to her Majesty. The Duke of Cambridge and Prince George visited the Queen Dowager yesterday at Marlborough Howe. The Duke of Cambridge had a dinner party last evening at Cambridge House. The Lord Mayor, Mr. Crawfurd, and Captain Gordon had interviews with the Marquis of Normanby yesterday at the Home Office. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat yesterday to hear the appeal case relative to the will of the late Mr. James Wood, of Glow:ester. The Lords present were Lord Lyndhurst, the Master of the Rolls, the Vice-Chancellor, Mr. Baron Parke, and Sir Joseph Littledale. The Attorney-General for the appellants, Sir Matthew Wood, Bart., and others, was heard during the whole of the sitting. Colonel and Lath , Catharine Buckley have left London for Longford Castle, the seat of Viscount and Vi s . countess Folkstone. We are glad to hear the Gallant Colonel, though still lame, is able to walk without his crutches. The Earl of Radnor has left Grosvenor-street, for Longford Castle. The Honourable Horace Pitt , and Colonel Mey . rick, have left for Suffolk. Mrs. Lane Fox has arrived in Curzon - street , from Earl Grey's, Belvoir Castle, Grim s t hor p e, &c., &c., but leaves again in a few days. Viscount Duncannon will leave town for Bowood, the seat'of the Marquis of Lansdowne next week. Laoorte, Seguin, and Mitchell, of Bond-stree', are in Paris, hunting for novelties, and making musical thea trical engagements for London. Laporte, after long negotia tions, has secured Tamburini, 11Iaddle. Rachel, whose fixture "at the Theatre Francais is for one year only, as she will then be of age. comes to London the end of May to play at her Majesty' s theatre on the off nights of the opera. Meddle. Plessis will, perhaps, be the heroine of a rival speculation in French'plays. Meddle.. Mars, who has left the French stage, was offered large terms by Messrs. Seguin and Mitchell, to "Ye , - iike C, Kerclle, a f-w additional roti;its Of fa: (sw.ll, lost. she declined them by saying, "that she would see what she would do in a year or two." E sIIGRATION TO CANADA. T r lio Otiaft& gortipany, establi;hed for coloniz ing a rich distridt On the banks of Lake Huron, have published a statement ef the results which have attended emigration to that part of Uppr.J.l* Canada, from the formation of the Com pany until thitii present period. According to this, the success ul' the speculation has been al -1 most unexampled, as attested by several letters from* emigrants, which accompany statistical re turns respecting' the rapid growth and present state of the Colony. We extract the following from the introductory statement ; Th e Canada Company, in laying befog' the public an ana lysis of their labours during the la t twelvc years', in effect ing the settlement o` astir lands in C 'nada, felt cmivinet-: that a more grat'fying spectacle than it presents, of the ;ignal success that has attended industrious exertions in the Western Hem.sphete, has never been collected before. In order to obtain this intelligence, and that its fidelity and accuracy migut be eitab'is'ied beyond the re.tch of card or suspicion, they procured theinstrutnentality of some of the most influential, longest settled, and respectable inhabitants, re3idleg in various parts of the province, to collect the necessary Information. They were directed to spare neither trouble nor expense to procure the most minute and f,ithful returns, From the very diffuse and extended information thus obtained, the Company have made such seleetions, and furnished such an abridgment, as they deemed Oge - lent for general purposes; but as they are desirous of afrordmg to any individual an opportunity of examining the details, persons wont' be permitted, on appli!'ation at the Office of the Company, 13, S Helcii's place, to inspect tnese returns. Nothing can be more 'rhtifyi, , g or triumphant than these interesting accounts. A body of settler', who emigrated to Upper Canada a little more thin ten i ears ,iace. placed themselves on the Company's lands near Oa Tney consisted .f Ib6 somilia , , of which number 129 had no capital whotever the wboJd nthaher of persons were 436. They now pos sess 100 house#f they hive cleared and cultivated 2 820 a .rce ; they 439 heal of e ,ttle, 41 she ei), and ni.ie horses; and the aggregate value of their property, formed :in a low estimate during the spring of last year, was found no be 23 653/. _ . . ~.... ' There are many letetenees of an increase of capt ti in ten - years severietted, and other eases siii mere start i g aid wonderful, wheie the increase le valise has arisen from loc 1 eiretenstances and peculisrnies, each es contiguity to a village or town, water powers, &e. lase ; but these do not term a part of the general cid n tte. The county of }feral hers been described at gecat e• - length a- d tai more detail then other counties of town ships, 'principally because it stilt afford; . the Largest sespe f.r settlement, offers great earl peculiar ad vantagee, and establishes, beyond all donor. or dis putation, the fell ability of the ieliabieinte of the &rose Isie4 succeresfeliy to subdue the wilderness arid convert it into produetiete lends It is essentially 4 B tiih settlement; its Cultivation has been principeilv effected by immigrants from England, Ireland, and Scotland : and the cheering results of their peraersrauce arid vigour era to be seen is this fine fertile and extensive district, by the formai-an of numerous Magee, and in the quaatiry of cultivated land. Tne teen of Getlerich, the capit Aof ' this dletriet, beaut fully situate at the merg tt of the ma jesiic Lake Hume, at the confluence of tee River Malt aeinadsma'bnleenhtairre- whose fertility of soil is unsurpassed by any in the Continent ' ill i'l-a by Ca a ar' c - o h u ° n 7 r e y . Guelph, in the neighbourhood of this &strict, originally of America, and blended by a 1 inland sea, supplying the e balwa i in e diudd al 'a e rbpa s no t oenussd y stg a e7 r al i j e iornl ' yaegirenannenad: and :bin ants ,cl e a a t st t shi d ar r'B r e :v s ° l li t: r e : o p 9llllP : ti i i r rh l ;l o :ll f l'in;al fi sh. The town belonged to the Company, and wee settled by their in strumentality. In 1827, it was untenan el but by the beasts of the forest, without a tree having been felled; it is now a district town, with four ceurchee, numerous public buildings, possessing a large and increasing popu lation, and is still progressing in wealth and importance. To this statement are suVoined two tables, giving an analysis of returns from seventy-eight townships. In the first table, we find that in Otanabee twenty-one aetlers, who had com menced business without capital, have accumu lated among them a property of (3,105/., the ave rage property possessed by each being 2901. 14s. in Camden East, thirty-five settlers, who had also commenced without property, have accumu- Itted 8,1671., giving an average of 233/. each. In others the average extends to 5001., and in some instances to 80'J/. each. It appears also that 724 persons, who, on arriving in Canada, possessed together a capital of 34,5171.. had acquired Property in 1840 to the amount of 323,7161. Of these persons 337 were without any funds what ever, and they now possess au average of 3411. each; 89 arrived with capital in suns of 20/. and under, and they have now an average of 429/. each.. In the second table a similarly flattering picture is drawn showing the following results:- 640 persons who on arriving in Canada possessed collectively 28,4021., in 1840 possessed property to the amount of 224,0311. Of these, 310 settlers arrived in Canada with no capital whatever. They . now collectively possess property to the amount of 95,7871., being an average for each person of 3081. 19s. 9[1.; 113 .settlers arrived in Canada with capital in sums of 201. and under, to the amount of 1,1511. 17s. 7d., being an average for each person 'of 101. 3s. 104.; they now collec tively possess property to the amount of 36,5181. 12s. 6d., being an average for each person of 323/. Bs. 94.; 217 settlers arrived in Canada with capital in sums above 20/. to the amount of 27,251/. being an average for each person of 1251. 1 ls. 7d ; they now collectively possess pro . perty to the amount of 91,696/., being an ave rage for each person of 4221. lls. 2d. 610 per sons. Total value of property, 224,031/. 125.61. Some of the letters also contain interesting de tails, particularly that by Dr. Robert Alija.- the emigrant agent at Guelph, addressed to the Com missioners of the Company. He thus describes the country and• the character of the settlers: — Guelph and the adjoining townships are remarkably healthy, and will bear a comparison with the most healthy spots known. Having been in man , parts of the world while in the medical deparewint in the Royal Navy, and nearly twenty tears in eye neive print ce in England, some good opportteitiee hare been given me to form a judgment upon. Guelph abound; with the b•st build ingearth, mate Ws, such as stone, and hard timber : pine we are shot of, and have to fsti hit from a mill some few miles fr em us, our lands being too good to grow it. All the hard woods, and those said to indicate good soil, farm almost exclu sively the trees of this township; tee population of the township is 2,290: of the town 643. The settlers are nearly all English. Scotch, and Irish, and these in about equal numbers. I have said, is this report, Guelph was at a low ebb in 1832, and as many persons who may lead what I write know tbat the township had been partially tot led and carefully fostered by the Canada Company for some four or five bears pri r to that date, they will be cu rious to know why it was so little had been dote by the first settlers, and as I was myself at a loss to account for this, I made some inquiries at the time of my arrival here, and many since. From these I learn of the old settlers them selves, that when the Company's chief office was in Guelph, many of these settlers were employed for months and even years on the cutting roads, clearing town plot, constructing bridges, making mill-dams, rai•ieg and hauling building meterials, &c. &o , and thus long kept off their several lots of land • and it appears that when they did go en land they did not do much, having been nearly and some quite spoilt by the . Company's high wages, too liberal fie/dings, and much too lenient overseers. It may be and undoubtedly is good to give a measure of aeistence to poor men on first coining to this country ; but I am of opinion, east after doing a little for them, the sooner they.are thrown on their own resources Cite better it will be for them. I have :et? teat Feeley of the late-come poor - penniless working men ne ye far outstripped the earlier settlers ; hence I must conclut.,7 that too much nursing of this class (We not turn out .beneficial to them. We have here (as no doubt It the ease elsewhere) abundant evidence t ) show that the insists:rim!s sober emigrant, who resolves to succeed, will and se:es suc ceed, help or no help; while, on 'be other hand, sone never do succeed, nor will th •y; give them what money, advice, and assistance you may. These men are to be found all over the word, so far as I have seen it ; bu we must remember that we who invite emigration to our adopted country, aid those well-intentioned ineividuals who send emigrants from home, are in the pale ef duty. Men are placed in precisely the same situ ii ion in which thousands have gained a comp tence, and same a little forturie and thus tar we have served our neighbour; it is for him to make his election whether be will do as others have done by the use of the same means, or whether he will not. From pretty close observation dieing the past eight tears, I have come to the conclusion that the Scotch are the bat and most successful of all emigrant. Come they wee) or without money. come they with great working sons, or with only little useless girls. it is all the same ; the Scotchman is sure to better his con dition, and this very silently, and almost eitheut a cern plaint. Of ail the sous poor Scotehmen bring out with them, scarcely any become servants. 'I observe they weir'. with and for their parents Bill the latter are well 'ticked in and se- Curdy provided fur, when these young man betake them i velvee to land on their own account. Tt is is worthy of no tice, and should he imitated by othere, as the great: et ad vantages are derived farm the family having a head in good circumstances, and ready with its essietence in times of need. The industry, frugality, and s ibriety of the Scotch, mainly contribute to their success, and Path habits are abarilutis necessary l e he rigidly fnallowed by poor settlers on first entering the .'" Bush " I have care fully waecl:ed the progress and result of the Scotch. Dish, and English emigrants ie the rsce to the goal desired br al', viz , to obtain a deed for their land, and find that, where a'l have apparel to me to be equally well mounted and preci-O the same course to go over and the same hills of difficulty to ascend, the Scotceman is generally fiist in at the winning -post Next to the Scotch, I am of opinion the Enalishman comes in fee his (need of praise; but it is infinitely more eifficult to speak of him than of his Scotch or Irish neighbours, as every shade and grade of character, conduct, and sue: cis, is to be found amongst the English in this piece and its r ciglabouring townships ; suffice it to say, that were it not fer a considerable num ber of gs,od men from Yorkshire and Notenghstnshii e, who are prospering in this part of Canada, I must leave lent my own countrymen to be noticed last. Gene aly speaking, English families do not hold toeether ling enough to ensure success; th e sons of poor English emigrants leave teeir parents, and become servants at the usual high wager, and instead of saving money to purchase land, the same is squandered away in fine clothes., and at the numerous Country balls. &c. This courteis followedsup by taking a wife, becoming a Common labours r„. ri 'inlet.; a smart house in the town, where he is determined his wife shall wear as rick I silk dress on a Sunday as any lady in the MORNING EDIT!' place. The lowest cha-acters we have in &vial , c' occot pests they are) turn out to be English drunkarde .1 not intend to make any attempt to dee-ive our IrisfitO, , their well-earned and well-known forte in making .i ' e t' , ally more noise than any other men when ii ilHe ..i . but in common I find them more at their farms, or '4 respective callings, than the English are Tee Fi. tl e " gentleman farmer," who lost, in a few years, in .thielit. Country, nearly all he possessed on starting in life,llo iti by living beyond his means, neglecting his farnii& P ei hotly and constantly pursuing the hounds, comes tots•-;1; a very unlikely man to succeed ; such a man %,_ 11111 ,0 01 " dreadfully at first, curses his hard fate , tl'„e country, then the Government, then the Canada G-'israt.. and every man who ever wrote a line or said a ' v h ° ;i e favour of Canada. Onward, however, be gee s ,,Th e and starts, now determined to try, again to '''' u r it 'sitl after a few years we hear less and see more of th i Lecause his mind is sobered down, and he W l ,' e t. things as they really ere; he sees and feel , th 'd a doing well in spite of himself ; that he hes air iistee to, own, has is dread of "rent-day," .nor landlord, 'O, tithe to pay, me poor-rate, and almost l ee , xeeef ° rt e' Should crops faii, or prices be very We Dc le o l farmer " break " or "fail " in this ne:ghbourbood; %op, reason is. because the oetgoings of a farm are vell- ci t 0 and the farmer can easily reduce them- to a n y c ube; pleases till things go better. This man sees abet . mini though ha is not himself in possession of 5 :0 ''; lururit's and amusements as he toed to a nd at home, he has all the substantial comferts 800 ceasaries of life, and, moreover,' is in a n a g.' n el a l a country, where his children now have. ',"fitY, hereafter continue to hive the same witliones* l save what failure their own bed conduct may be .;,f of. This class of men are numerous in the sg 11 ,0; district, of England; and, were they tai come ei o te 4 bony before reducing their meant to so low an ea L b e r s' almost invariably do before starting from home, t' ~,- , 4 i 0 . here would be much easier to perform, and thel it ee spared a great deal of mental suffering and bed_ j i l l„Al The rapid strides made by tbo plain, sober, baruei e stie d English labourer, or small farmer of the Old !: tie s eta V are truly worthy of our edrnirai ion and regard: . 0 t 0 men capitat seems not to be estentielly necessarY 'Jet see e e s, a s, in a tee, years, they actually outstriP e l- g oe, their old married mestere far behind them. O` te crer, ° : , men, properly so ere led, we have a lull sprinkling e o , 0 0 ; tuwosnip ; nut, as they will net he questioned e s t ea, Iltne had i" money witen they fir 4 arrived, nai be ot, iit' easily escAttain 'Neat sourtiea they may have la ~ptitc,'' Country to I:tVu them. a quarterly or annual ',O O case. We can ugly speak of them as farmers an d 1 leaving oet of the tetestion their plus er lo,seF. j O r e I have now to 'pia: - of the Irish settlers, a t ' oti.:; hart just said of English ,'entlemen will apply ta p e cease of Irish ; the only fate: I find in some a t iti f ` r ,r too frequent beikieg over of tuner ardent eeinioto.ster logs o loyalty upon unnecessary occations, and el f quent induigeirce in invectives eelinst s oiled te - t ' i tV l tionaltfts, who du not, they think, come' fully 0 1' ,0 45 1 0 1' idea ot patriotic perfection. We have here a F o (i) of the '•• middle men" of Ireland, who sue ceew j etret make t xcelicat settler-,adding to the wealth enotorte of ;he province. In times of commotion these ,too'e their loyalty, and were amongst the foremost of 1:10i'ot to defend the provi ce against enemies within afro.' it. There Is here a very remarkable difference ello tarn educated and uneducated Irish ; nearly everloil 4 4 , the former dues well for himself and family ; an cl et triei pays a cheerful deference to his superiors, con'', he' l l erm. and consoles himself with an assuraucetbseee'e worthy descendant of some highly respected O r , tog univarsal renown, and in duty b mud ao to d e ment ,0 as nut to bring disgrace upon the family escutche't):oo 0 1 A vets large portion of Irish settlers hsre a d ' elo composed of the lower orders of that country, r i ,. '.4 of their numbers spa the Irish sample of sett' et ,;a b e i t class go upon land as soon as they arrive here, And th€ l o ,i without means, make very slow progress. NV' re ca n t " work out" for two or th ee years, and thereby d c liil'et late capital (and all work rig men, women, a '' c e.ll of l e may do date and live well at the same time in this eased their ebaiwee 4, f success would be more eertaint 0 oei provernents more rapidly made ; the latter to f a cie la: that would enable them to pay for their lend l' e tlis lo i ';ti arrears of interest are added to the first cost 01 be e'er Labouring men are much wanted here, and t a l t h "' of such hale out the strongest inducements fero6recie to come over to Canada. Food is very cheap' %est' a to . P . th et; that any worising man may procure enough family much better here than be can at home, by a l i e eta , ceeds of three days' work in a week. The wag e a sa il er. men ate, in ordinary times, as. 9d. per diem , nic h e ' ; busy seasons much higher. I hove lately anon P! 00 5°, f , fuse to work for a bushel of good wheat, or gone pork for a day's labour ! Servants of bet skean eee fro s ,J tl, of all ages are much wanted. Men - se t varev eV_ h oe l' .o o to 351., and board, per annum. Servant glitter sells 9/ to 131., ilnd boarded, per annum, and InnegotteJli, tee in proportioc. A great reduction has of 'em ot ed f i ef in the prices of all clothing and British mantifaLe otiplifel in general. Stores io country places are no" t . saa ir goods at a very moderate advence on sterling 0rce,07,0 is a b 'nefit to farmers and servants of great im ee l ae, unwell as they purchase such goods at twee t oo ( lo C o e leas than tee same were sold. at only a fe w m o n ger 11 :e Many causes may be said to produee this; c t cafe , believe it is more tae result of the combination e.bingeol mind, acrd enterprise mentioned above than anad a ` nac tas o , If I am asked what is the greatest eva n i ii " i s 0 10 ,4 which most retards its advancement , , d s ee, bat' r il l/ checking i s rising importance, I v; 0 ".„,„, fors , " We sta , rl now more in need of good bg e ;,,,,f West," I end a highway across the country to the ".I — A ; „1 5o cl ccl,4 any thing else. Next to raans, imrov e ' ' 1 „bee' communmetion. The :tattlers can and woul d ' i pay additional taxes for these things. - something !°, I wish- it were in my power to countrymen on the choice so many oft . hem te o t s ;,: cr , hastik make ia giving the United States, s Poil 0 0 , without having first tried the Canadas. It ' , , b e fore - be s l o ' / i eay; 0.4 .0 tam they must have much further to travel ,_- boe procure good and cheap land than they wonin _ fe ee.'_ a' in coning to this country, ague are common destroyers of fiesta , and life o isaY "far West." There produce has to ,incur a it bo bilk; charge upon it by the extra hundreds of a: il ' es ded s od dig " 4 , and f t is notorious tot' c^ to. market ; and. ahova all, bow a ti;bt-rol l is an d t . , spirited Briton can suoject himself to the OW or ;4 annoyances the Yankees are sure to inilie t e e be r el continually, I know not, to r a notbing of tba fo t • ° e ie et pay fir anything like a life of peace and aln ie b to!1 0 1 them by taking the oath of allegiance, in "' e t ' ( e ll! to become an enemof his father-lend I Gnu j a 0 .0 1 : 4 poor weak wre-cli who does this I My desire...,,e,ol these ream , ks is not that I wish to rail at the n.i i fol on the contrary, I by no means approve of th e 51 t ato c eil s written and spoken of teis people daily, and bY tte ol o tlf ought to know better than to try all their lives but e keep up ill feel ng between the two ceuntri', e : s; st , O t ii:, I wish to let Americans do as they think l' - sad 1 4 ! Americans, I say let Englishmen, Scotcbrne e ' loo f fisP' men still remain even so. The fact is, we. as 13r :ho°!„,i O4 i, never been, whether at home or here, half sif p , r e p ''' careful, active or zi atolls in settling this nob er with our countrymen as our neighbours bate e ter peopling theirs with whom they can cetchs , e eiti l f.i4'i The only other extract for which ' s pot, ef il room is from a letter of B. F. 1 3 e, old r A , dated Chatham, 7th September, OrAv , t o" r I ri to the Emigrant Agent:— " Although my experience does not e ef i. e . r l , o f° r l l 4 4 ',„ff r io yet I cannot but view it as the granary of etee l elOi r eter especially the western distrait, possessing n e e ) , ',e . scarcely to be equable ), and escaping those ea t 6 0 4 injurious in some sections of Canada. I a ar e ~t opinion prevails in England. that the wintersoptortef, vere for European constitutions. On the f o n j'e, t . winters are not more severe in this section '' id aeadv; land, and much more healthy; not that I vi e t e i ,s; i I r te impress an opinion that Canada has no lari v : : :„ee e i t ;e,),l contrary, the sew city of money, the waist O' eepol'otet cisty to the more respectable portion of the c 0 o f 0 0 ' e i'e tether with those of a rn ire trivial descriptieel-resorteor'a these Would all bc obviated were it more the l utr o oid !realist*, the intelligent farmer, and the feetindu eter° e o ,o table settlers. Such being the true merits oflietfOrpre, and affording such encouragement for the i , e , r' l ,' tt V;f capital in building steam-boats, cutting ean el ; r o-' se e n ' factories, &c., each ensuring an ample te r l - o e f c ie c se nature has opened a water commenie e %ing l e ' l ,a equalled, offering sources unparalleled for req i jpP` I 13 pitalist, and lam satisfied the advantsgee 9 . 000 1 , 1 ,, nada only want is be more fully understood 113 0 tal e ei tain,, to render it the resort of huudreds 0 °, 5 0 1 1 174 0; under the weight of competition. Tee en cl i 5 3 1 111 :ust , i.nai and intelligent farmer in Canau e t ed iltrubte in illustratiou of which, I have,. lof, via statement a the progress made by settlers,. WA VERLEY NOVELS. Vol. Li ' , SV S/ 41,"Cfl ' °0 4 .1' ..... ap ., , —WAvERLEY NOVELS. vol. 1. Part 1.- - "‘ • of 'S 1 1 : e , 1 0 i i i ' This is the cheapest and boldest speculation th e 'OO fertile as it it in cheap - literary speculations'and Pplif:, novel of " Waverli," with all the introdundle Or 'd, tinr four shiiliags, kkith a choice cr . ediloos o'bogolor chaser. Those who have little time to spar , rlO ic ei f : the c,,st of book-cases, and who do not nbi, c , - ,i, 0 11 ,'„i l. . columns, may purchase the large edition, 0 ";', rojlc; prise tJse whole of the Waveriey Isl,,vfla in I :', - .o ll %,i ti i. Those who prefetrhaeiprobcaknedt,Fiaznedmreaaydeyhfooors,eth`e:boo;k,l4-0,I4; which will extend to twenry-6ve volumes ; tu e - ro f ir 0' i w b r e a l r l y a ' s ' edition being the sant,. The larger edltion aPiclijr 01 beat a dapted for separate purchase, wed bave lisirlicii cdi bn the cheapest of modern times , fl °e og ril ' i'l spAten at random. R.2gard being had to tyP 60/ etitii:ataiptvlsw(migot:iiiriisnidbetds:o:rd asL of anything we have seen. His edition 01 ,ore Irl re riots n n t o s m a i r n e . l a bpairitce, the /,.4erl'i,,/f001,,, ü b S o n e i f or p en t l o me e ehm S u i t c c ie : d r rr y ee ' ci ' ci, cta(o)ntiodia;ns some wila t „ l iirgf cf ire line y pages at a price of two s billing';„, ~. oti li " N f V orav ` l: s... lu j e' ic lt' F r°4 : 6ll. right, the ~ Sin pie Story" the ret4.htinßi‘of a puw - igo oti fe l Some consideration must also be had to at g,9 ture and duplex form of the Waverley to I l n ume ta s 3 o te f wfoartrretandeidngissue. It iA curious to V s till g i tioi the cause of this i 4 eculation. Is it a sign o c ' r a eo isg at ct , e : t pv I V r to supply ket, which the holders'iolfthcoapcy°r°,gsch(itsintellf ' it° ,•:,; i1.0 , 4 1 , ! ? or is it the approaching estinc.lrioptioey tight in the earlier novel, (" Waverley" "W o ke f' pc lieve, is 1842), that induces the owners before': / the forelock, and supply the cheap, market trader can FLEETcomein f;, N r a share THE — mE p p e c i /Tag/ o i r i . 7i,:si,,oi , A li : 1 " : 1),/ T. he 8.--The Howe s ails _ re tor i tay morrow. The HAverge ii ordered t': , PreP3,o,ocl 4 '/ her destination is not known, but is 5 i, 1 t P,1,,,, !v.!, !, 0 , Candia, to relieve the Vanguard. We i nc . o' o ' il l Calcutta, Rodney, Cambridge, M3giCilron; 0., Stromboli, Cyclops, returned on the ttihneopclap,steoni,donnbohuetr t:as:atirlofino rsM;:latat.o ivra6b:taihs ;I:2oetotifqr):ii:4 she bad • the plague on board.; six ef the. c a d 0 0 * . dicd, but the pet ava , gtil lir,. The naive' , ol iv the fleet. haTveheleßftoySaylritia,ratiniideray: estiiiir rvectirltaibisraltiriaturle i 1~~: ~ , IN 7 ~ ,~ I ; '~ ~~ V4l