The Sun. — London, England, 1841-11-08 00:00:00

MORNING SUN r^` Just rady, in 3 vols. post vo., E R It E It F A ROMANCE of the REIGN of GEORGE 11. By CHARLES OLLIES. ', Though thii be madness, yct there's method in it."--- SHAKSPEATLE. s. 1 Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. ilitW NOVEL EDITED BY THEODORE HOOK, ESQ. Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols. post Bvo., THE PARISH CLERK. JL By the Author of " Peter Prig ins," EDITED BY THEODORE HOOK, ESQ. " These singularly clever and spirited volumes will be read with unfailing interest and extitement. They more than sup port the reputation of their still anonymous author—unless, in deed, they have been concocted, as well as their no less racy and original predecessor, Peter Priggins ' (ileaumont and Fletcher fashion) between the two writers whose name and want of name they bear."—Naval and Military Gazette. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. UNDER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS. THIS EVENING, NOV. S, Will be performed the New Comedy, LONDON ASSUR ANCE.—Sir Harcourt Courtly, Mr. W. Farren ; Max Hark away, Mr. Bartley ; Mr. Charles Courtly, Mr. Walter Lacy ; Mr. Dazzle, Mr. C. Mathews ; Mr. Adolphus Spanker, Mr. Oxberry ; Mark Meddle, Mr. Harley ; Grace Harkaway, Madame Vestris ; Lady Gay Spanker, Mrs. Nisbett ; Mrs. Pert, Mrs. Ilumbr. To which will be added, POPPING THE QUESTION. Mr. Primrose. Mr. W. Farren ; Miss Biffin, Mrs. Glover; Ellen Murray, Miss Lee; Bobbin, Mrs. Orger. To conclude with, the Ballet of Action, entitled HANS OF ICELAND.—Hans of Iceland, Mr. W. H. Payne ; Gill, Mr .1. H. Ridgway ; Frederick, Mr. Gilbert ; Oglypighp, Mr. 'l'. Ridgway ; Iceland Boy, Master Marshall ; Guth Stasen, Miss Ballin; Iceland Girl, Miss Mar-Alan. Doors to le opened at half-past Six----the performances to commence at Seven. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First and Second Circ'er, ss. ; Second Price, 23. 6d. ; Pit, 35.; Second Price. 2. , .; Gallery Is. Tickets and places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Grogan at the Box-office, frem Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may be had upon application. Private Boxes to be had solely of Mr. Andre Rs, bookseller, 137. New Bond-street. To-morrow, Norma, with The Wrong Man. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. UNDER THE NIANA(sEMENT OF MR. DAVIDGE AND MR. WILLIS JONES. Positively the Last Week of Ducrow's Stud of Horses and the Equestrian Company. THIS EVENING, NOV. 8 will; be aeted EDWARD THE BLACK PRINCE, em bracing all Mr. Ducrow's magnificent Stud of Forty Horses, taighlly-trained Palfreys, Fairy Peneyt, Equestrian Troop, and Companies of both Theatres. After which, GRAND SCENES IN THE CIRCLE, in the Largest Arena in the World, in which Madame Duerow, Sig nor Hillier, the Great American Rider, the British Horseman, Signor Felix Carlo, arid the First Artistes in Europe will appear. To conclude with TIMO UR THE TARTAR, with Grand Processions, Battles, &c., Herse and Foot. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. 7N DER THE DIRECTION OF MR. OSBALDISTON. iamtimsed Succession of Novelties, and second week of Two original Dcmestic Dramas of great and powerful interest. THIS EVENING, NOV. 0, Will he performed a New Domestic Drama, called T HE WRECK OF THE HEART ; OR, THE STORY OF AGNES PRIMROSE. —Wm. Norwynne, Mr. Dale; Henry, Mr. Seaman ; Old Primrose, Mr. Cullen ; Ralph, Mr. Gard. Do sser ; Agnes, Miss Vincent, the acknowledged Heroine of Do- Imestie Drama. After which, a New Domestic Drama, 'entitled KATTY O'SFILEL, the FOLLOWER of the FAMILY. O'Dwyer, Mr. Dale ; Augustus, Mr. Seaman ; Guyton Gray, Mr. James ; and Katty O'Shid, Miss Vincent. To conclude with ROBERT MACAlRE.—RobeitMacaire, E. F Saville; Jacques Strop, Mr. Gardner; Pierre, Mr. Vosta.rcl ; Frederick, Mr. Seaman ; Marie, Mrs. Lee. Boxes, 2i.—Pit, Is.—Uallery, 6d. Half-price to the Boxes *Mr, at Half-past Eight. To4norrow, Wreck of tne Heart, Nature and Art, and Jo nathan Bradford. - _ - THE P.,AiLWA Y SUN. NOTICE.—A New E;:!tiort of the _RAILWAY SUN is NOTV PUL'USHING. THE CHINA SUN, AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SUN ARE STILL ON SALE, PRICE SIXPENCE EACH. Nov. 8, 1841. , fEce, THE AV EATHER.—Noos, NOVEMBER 6. ROYAL GALLERY OF SCIENCE, A DELAIDE -STREET. Thermometer.. 51 1 Highest 5l 1 Lowest ...... 40 Barometer 30.43.—Wind S.W.—Freezing Point 22 Deg. HIGH WATER AT I.ONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. DI rning.....1 3 minutes after 9. I Evening..«..s= minutes after 9. LONDON : MONDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1841. We have undertaken to prove that the inven tion and use of machinery raises wages, and as such a :doctrine is somewhat contrary to the popular belief, particularly in that class—the la bourers—lN hose interests we desire to promote, we hope that they will read our remarks with patience to the end. Fortunately, however, we have one practical test of our doctrines close at hand that may serve, if not to convince the sceptical, to prepare the way for its favourable reception. In Ireland comparatively little ma chinery has been used or erected, and in Ireland wages are, as the rule, much lower than in Eng land, which abounds with machinery. Looking at the question under the general aspect, instead of merely looking at the temporary and local effects of the use of machinery in displacing some few labourers, we are at once reconciled to the belief that it is possible for that which adds to the sum of employment, also to raise the wages of the labourer. Another practical view of the question may be taken from a comparison of wages in former times, when there was little machinery, with wages at present. In the fmrteenth century, namely, in 1350, when a statute was passed for " the unjust purpose of preventing the price of labour from rising after the great pestilence," the wages of day-labourers were about equal to three-fourths of a peck of wheat. In the fifteenth century, when another statute was passed to re gulate labourers —the object of all such statutes being, as Mr. MALTHUS remarks, the unjust one of preventing the price of labour from rising— the wages of a common day-labourer were about .tid. without diet; and, according to the then pr ice of wheat, his wages would enable him to purchase half a bushel of wheat, within one far thing. This was, however, an extraordinary state, which did not last: In the sixteenth cen tury the price of day-labour was Bd., which at the then price of wheat, 8 1d, a peck, would pur chase very nearly a peck of corn. In 1601 wages are mentioned as 10d., which, according to the price of wheat, would buy two thirds only of a peck of corn. 1651, after the effects of the importation of silver from America in lowering its value is supposed to have ceased, the wages of day-labour were ls. 2d., which, at the average price of wheat, Bs. per bushel, wou ld enable the labourer t o -t w elfths of a peck. In comma nd only seven 1661 the wages were equi valent to three-fourths have also a record of of a peck. In 16 82 we wages commanding three-fourths of a peck. In the early part of the eighteenth century the wages of husbandry labourers were not more than is. per day, and equivalent to about three fourths or four-fifths of a peck of wheat. Between 1720 and 1753, wages were compara tively good, and a day's labour commanded about a peck of wheat. Subsequently to that period, and to the close of the century, during which the prices of both labour and wheat were nearly doubled, though the proportions between them continued nearly the same, the price of husbandry labour, for many years, commanded about five-sixths of a peck of w heat. At present, as suming the wages of husbandry labourers to be 2s. per day, as stated by the Pro-Corn-law men, and wheat to eF, re s., they will command a peck of wheat a day. But we apprehend that ls. 6d. is nearer the average, so that, without being far wrong, we may state that the wages of husbandry labourers now command, and have fbr some time commanded, about two-th• lof us s a peck of wheat per day. These facts, which are a summary of the statements made by Mr. MALTHUS in his " Principles of Political Economy,'' chapter " On Wages,"show a remarkable uniformity in the real wages of husbandry labour, and go far to justify Mr. RICARDO'S definitio n of the natural (custo mary) price of labour, "that which is necessary to eaable the labourers (in ins 1 b 1 ) with husbandry), , one another,to subsist and t o pe • t uate their race." But rse while the wages of t he husbandry labourers, ...,.... .....------....----- measured in corn, have undergone no consider- ! able and permanent change for many years, have always been at nearly the lowest point i which would support existence, the successive invention and improvements of machinery have supplied the agricultural labourer with clothing, utensils, and instruments at a continually declin ing. price ; so that, supposing his labour always to have commanded the same quantity of corn, the little he could spare to exchange for other things, as they were made cheaper by machinery, came to command a continually increasing quantity of them ; and so far the use of machinery contri buted to improve the condition of the agricul tural labourer. It has made his wages more va luable. But to show how the use of machinery has increased wages on the whole, we must com pare the wages of those who have successively in t vented and used machinery with the wages of hus- bandry labourers. The further back we carry our view, the fewer labourers we find engaged in other pursuits than husbandry, and, accordingly, if we now find other artizans are better paid than labourers in husbandry; a presumptive proof arises that the use of machinery has tended to improve the condition of the labourers, and raise their wages. Now it is plain that every new art, as it came into existence, could not find hands ready made to practise it. Men had to learn it, and they were tempted to lekin it by wages higher than they could get in husbandry labour. This is true generally, and the consequence has been that every new art which, as we have proved, increased the sum of employment, gave higher wages to those who were engaged in it. The in vention and use of machinery is synonymous with the successive rise of such arts, each one of which, by practically raising wages, necessarily tended to raise the standard of wages, and give to the labouring classes a higher idea of comfort. That there has been such a gradual elevation, since the time when the labourers were dressed in skins, and fed on acorns, when they watched the swine of their lords with iron rings on their limbs, cannot be doubted; nor can it be doubted that this improvement originated in towns, and is most conspicuous amongst labourers who work in the newest arts. We can see, we think, a succession of inventions—such, for example, as the print ing-press, the spinning-jenny, the steam-engine— each of which called into existence a superior body of labourers, gave them much higher wages than the labourers in agriculture, and raised the standard of reward with each in vention. At present the average wages of printers are at least, distressed as they are, three times as much as the wages of agricultural labourers, or, they could command two pecks of wheat a day. Mr. - M'CuLLocn mentions, in his sta tistical work, that colliers can earn ss. a day, and that, whether employed or not, they can call on their masters to pay them 14s. per week. Persons employed in the woollen trade, he says, receive on an average, which includes all species of labourers, women and children, 26/. a year, or ls. Bd. per day. Even the -females, who are much indebted to machinery, are much better off than agricultural labourers. The wages of the males engaged in this work are set down at from 19s. to 225. Gd. per week. In the cotton manufacture the average wages of all classes, according to the same author, are los. Gd.; so that the children in the factories must get nearly as much as the male peasantry; while the wages of engineers, firemen, mecha nics, &c., is 20s. 61, on the average, including boys, or double the wages of agricultural la bourers. " The wages of adults," says Mr. M'Cum.ocit, " engaged in factories, are in gene ral high, many of them earning from 3s. to Gs. 6d. a-day, and some more. Employment in fac tories is also remarkably steady, not depending, like work carried on out of doors, on the state of the weather or other uncertain contingencies, but is prosecuted almost without intermission. Hence the superior condition of the factory work-people." In flax mills at Leeds and Dundee, the wages of males are set down at 18s. and 195., and at 15s. Of thy; workmen in Birmingham, Mr. M'CuLLocit wrote before the effects of the Corn-law became so apparent, " their con dition is on the whole very favourable. In those branches in which superior skill and attention are required, their wages are very little, if at all, inferior to those earned by the best workmen of the metropolis." Wages in Sheffield, he tells us, vary from his. to 3.55. and 40s. per week. We might quote a variety of other trades, particularly those of the millwright, or engineer, which are notoriously much better paid than those of hus bandry labourers, to prove that the wages of men, who either make the machinery in use or work it, are uniformly higher than the wages of agri cultural labourers ; but these must suffice, and we shall only say that in all these new arts the wages were higher at the commencement of the art than subsequently, showing both the effect of the invention in raising wages, and the general tendency, but for these successive inven tions, of wages to fall to the lowest level at which subsistence can be preserved. But it is of little use to quote particular facts on this question, because it is plain that the growth and increase of towns, and the great quantity of employment found in them, is mainly due to the new arts connected with machinery. Now into the towns and the manufacturing dis tricts, the population of the rural districts is con tinually pouring, because wages in almost all situations are higher in the manufacturing tricts, where machinery is much used, than in the rural districts. That is a decisive proof that the successive inventions of machinery, and the con sequent successive introduction of new arts, raise wages as they increase the source of employment. Suppose there were no such inventions as the printing press, and the steam-engine, and no such arts as the printer and the engine -maker, and that all the population had to look exclu sively to the land for subsistence and employ ment : if under such circumstances it were possible that the present amount of our popu lation could exist, the competition amongst them for employment on the land would reduce all the well paid and well employed artisans of the towns to a worse condition than that of the l umper fed Irish. It must be known to all who have looked at the writings of the political economists, that they regard the naturally increasing difficulty of pro curing subsistence, as population increases, as a permanent cause for a continual declension of wages, and a continual deterioration in the condi oouulida tion of m an ki n d. A ccor di ng to th e i r statements, dearth w ould this condition wou ld go on from bad to worse ; come aftr extreme poverty, great misery ensue, quarrels would follow, and mankind would devour each other; but ever and anon the brain of man teems with some mighty invention, and the downward progress is arrested by some new machinery which facilitates labour ro subsist- and lessens the difficulty of procuring ence. What Mr. RICAR DO says n the following passage, speaking of profits, is equally applicable , to wages : The natural tendeney of profits, then, • gravitation, i as the progress of society and wealth, th e quan tity of food required is obtained by the sacrifice is to additionalfall; for, in with h d internals and more labour. This tendency—this of more it were, of people is happily checked at re p ea t ed by the improvements in nuichinery connected AN a . pro duction of necessar ies, as well as b y disco veries in r a the science of agricultu re, which enable us to r elinquish o rtion of labour bef ore re q uired ; and, therefore, t o owe r the price of the pr ime necessar y of the labo urer.l On the one band, then, wages, as population in crease=, and as the difficulty of procuring the necessaries of lire increase, have a tendency to fall; and on the other, successive inventions and improvements in machinery, lessening that diffi culty—for it is as much lessened by the inven tion of a spinning mule and a power-loom, which enables us to purchase at a small cost of our labour the rich productions of the virgin and un taxed and untithed soil of the United States, as " by discoveries in the science of agriculture ;" on the other hand, we say, successive inventions and improvements in machinery lessen the diffi culty of procuring the means of subsistence, and, c.. , .- - ...:: •-,*., - It_ ",,, J S O , , CI!!! V, •• ...• 4 " ."4 04, 0•• ..: ZZ • 4 ' -,- ..e lips. f .. •• • y t • 1 1 .1 ' C. Se . ' • ,I,Di a' ' • _, ft, , ... , z.Z4 ":•1•:',-, ...., r o • ..e.,-„ , '1 7. ••• 0 .„ ~ ••'• •" a 1.•-c " . " 7 -.CrNa••• ~.... -i s -, • .•' •"," • • •-' ~, ' • qtg _SAM THE SUN, LONDON. MONDAY, NOVEMBER 8. B4l. as they come into use, augment the wages of the labourerand raise the standard of his reward. Such are the results of invention and the use of ma chinery, when traced through long periods ; and to such results chiefly, not to its temporary and local results, must the lawgiver look who aspires to make permanent laws. In another part of The Sun will be found a letter from Mr. ALLEN, Messrs. GRISSELL and PETO'S foreman, which we insert in a spirit of fairness. In placing Mr. ALLEN'S defence be fore the public, we leave it to judge of the points in dispute. We cannot pretend to decide which of the parties states the case most correctly, but if Mr. ALLEN'S statement be true the masons have little to complain of. At the same time we admit their right to withdraw from Messrs, GRISSELL and PETO'S service, if they like, with out any other cause than their own good pleasure. If it had pleased them to say, We will not serve Messrs. GRISSELL and PETO, and we will give no reason for not serving them, their conduct might have been foolish, but to compel them to serve would have been to reduce them to slavery. _ _ _ Mr. ALLEN states that he is indebted to his I withdrawal from the union for all the attempts which have been made to ruin him with his em ployers. That is an accusation, too, of the truth of which we cannot judge; but we desire to say that union is not a bad nor an improper thing. All society is a union for a common purpose, and a union of the masons for a laudable purpose — such, for example, as providing for their infirm and sick members, or protecting individuals amongst them from oppression—would be most praiseworthy. It is not the union, therefore, which is to be condemned, but the purpose to which it is applied. At the same time it is not to be concealed that a union of any large body of men is apt to inspire them with arrogance, and excite in othersjust apprehension. For such a union to be respected, it is indispen sable that its conduct be moderate as well as just. We are not acquainted with the fact stated by Mr. ALLEN ; but if, as he states, the union con stitutes a system which levels the good man with the idle and the bad, such a purpose is improper, and neither Mr. ALLEN, nor any other mason, ought to support such a union. If the union of the masons have, in fact, that for its object, we cannot conceive anything more fatal to honest industry, and the sooner the masons abandon such a project the better. We advocate free trade in all cases, and should wish to see its prin ciples acted on by the masons as well as the landlords. The additional news from China, published in our columns of this day, will be read with lively interest. The EMPEROR, it will be seen, takes credit to his troops for having twice defeated the English barbarians, and in utter disregard of the Treaty entered into with ELLIOT for the re. moval of the army sixty miles from Canton, his Celestial MAJESTY commands his officers to re- sume the possession ofthe forts on the river, which he directs them to put in the best possible state of defence. " The English," says the Em- PEROR, " after engaging, have t wice retreated before my troops; whenever put forth in battle their strength has been sorely pressed upon — the said barbarians are like dogs and sheep in their disposition." We predicted that such would be the result of ELLIOT'S cowardly aban donment of the attack on Canton, so chival rously undertaken by the gallant General Sir Huatt Gouon. But the Emperor has by this time discovered that all British diplomatists are neither ELLIOTS nor GORDON BREMER& Sir H. POTTINGER and Admiral PARKER only reached Macao on the oth of August, and on the 21st of the same month nine ships of war, four steamers, one surveying vessel, and twenty-two transports, sailed from Hong with a view of occupying the island of Amoy, deeply embayed in the mainland, and op+ posite the rice granary of China, the fine and fertile Island of Formosa—where it is proposed that the expedition shall winter. As no vessel can keep the sea in the Gulf of Pechelee in the winter months, the expedition will not proceed to the mouth of the Peiho before spring next. There the Plenipotentiary proposes to meet the EMPEROR in person, or other wise he will proceed to Pekin, to explain matters after the British Tar fashion, to the EMPEROR and the members of the six Im. perial Boards. In the interim large reinforce ments were expected to be sent from India and England to the Chinese waters, including a nutn ber of war steamers. So late as the 28th of Sep tember two fine iron -steamers, the Ariadne and the Medusa, left Bombay to join the China expedition. These vessels will be of immense service in towing the ships of war into action, assisting them if dis abled, and carrying on war in waters not acces sible to ships of the line. The war is expected to continue for two years, and extensive prepara tions for hostilities for so long a period have been made both by the Admiral and the Plenipo- tentiary. Commodore Sir J. GORDON BREMER returns to England because having been Joint-Pleni potentiary with ELLIOT at the time of the attack on Canton, he concurred with that ill-starred functionary in suspending opera tions, and thereby lost credit with Admiral Sir W. PARKER. This was delicately intimated to him at his first interview with Sir H. POTTINGER, when he suddenly discovered that he was indis posed, and that the climate of Great Britain was better suited to his constitution than that of the " central flowery land." From India we have abundant complaints of the injury inflicted upon the inhabitants, in con sequence of the immense expense to which that country is put by the wars carried on in Central Asia. One Correspondent writing from Bombay states, that the campaign under Lord KEANE closed in January, 1840, and that during the fourteen months of its continuance we were only twice in action, when our casualties altogether did not exceed 400 men, killed, wounded, murdered, and missing:; yet the expense wholly supplied by the Anglo-Indian! Government amounted to the enormous sum of nine millions sterling ! " Since Lord KEANE quitted the command of the com bined armies," continues this writer, " we have been twenty-nine times in action, or under the fire of the enemy, and thirteen times checked or defeated : we have had 1,600 men killed or wounded on the field ; seventeen officers have fallen in action; seventeen more have died of the effects ofclimate ; four have been murdered; and a number not much under this melancholy total of thirty-eight deaths are now for a time lost to the service, suffering from sickness or from their wounds. The annual expenditure, since the grand army quitted Cabool, of maintaining SHAH SooJAH on his throne amounts to 3,000,0001. tinnually. The salaries of the politicais in Aff ghanistan and Schinde, and pay of the British officers in the SHAH SOOJAH'S service—all of which comes from the coffers of the East India Company—is 120,000/. a year. We lent the Khan of KIIIVA a million sterling, as an accommodation for slaves restored to Rus sia; we gave in free subsidy 300,0001., in the course of twenty months, to KA MRAN, Shah of Herat. India has at length become exhausted with such repeated and fear ful defalcations, and yet she continues to bleed at every pore. The Five per Cent. loan comes slowly in, and the whole resources of the Trea sury scarce meet the current expenses of Go- N: iv r e 11111 8 7 0 . 001 7blic improvement is everywhere put a stop to. It was but a paltry allowance to sterling; tiirough o ü b t u t thee even roads and bridges out of a revenue of 7,000,000/. year for the construction of This t which is extorts tor darkts taxes picture,enl a s t to s i m nai ns t u tdi sh b po e g nn h ot d vtr r yoe a r ti screwwhile ugh CtialleCmUliantedds o l f O t r ie ak b e es a t : in e f r o y ri p n a e i d nfi f t r l ie i n n e r o e ci f : ( s i lO n ldiu n d r i a o a e. i n d : prosperity. The safest course is to carry out vigorously tile policy of the late Cabinet. Two or three decisive movements will secure tran quillity on the side of Per- a, and among the Afghan tribes; while the prosecuti,n of de cided measures in china. will L2, , p the Burmese from displaying any dangerous sympathy for the Celestials. If the new Government relax its measures of Indian policy, a host of enemies will' spring up both in the cast and west, - who will place us in the most imminent .peril. In Persia, Herat, Candahar, Lahore, on the one side, and in Burmah on the other, we have hosts of concealed enemies, who only await the slightest reverse of fortune, or indication of weakness, to attack us. What ever, therefore, may. be the expenses of the Government of India, they are indispensable to the maintenance of our Indian empire. Perse verance in the plans of the late Administration can alone lead to the ultimate and lasting di minution of the load of taxes under which the inhabitants of British India are now groaning. The conspiracy at Brussels--the news brought by the Overland Mail—the general aspect of affairs in Spain—the burning of the Tower of London—and the disarmament of the French navy occupies all the French Journals. Upon these stirring topics we, however, find nothing so new in them as to call for any remark. We have only space for the following extracts M. Van Praet, Secretary of the King of the Belgians, has, since his arrival in Paris, been received by the King at St. Cloud, and at the Foreign Office by M. Guizot. Thu Courrier Francais says :—" It is announced that Count Pahlen, the Russian Ambassador, is about to quit Paris for St. Petersburgh. The Courrier Francais gives the following from Tou lon, dated October 29 : " The discharge of seamen continues ; about 6,000 are being sent to their homes, viz„ the quarter of the effective force. The same operation will take place in the ships of the division of Admiral Casy on their arrival at Brest. 'We may therefore regard the disarmament of the fleet as pretty certain, for there is no armament when the crews are not complete, and the recruits of this year would be rather an embarrassment on board than other wise. Tho Neptune and Jena, ships of the line, are getting ready for Brest,where they are to join the division of Adm.Casy.The Marengo, Trident, Genercux,andVille de-Marseille, ships of the line, are to leave about the 15th of November for Algiers and Mostaganem or Oran, to take on board the two regiments which are to return to France after the autumnal campaign. Two of these ships will then go to Philippeville to fetch a regiment. When these three regiments shall have left, and the discharge of the soldiers of the class of 1834 have been effected, the army in Africa will have experienced a diminution of about 12,000 men besides the sick who are sent to France after each expedition. The Arabs will regard this reduction as the beginning of aban donment." The squadron under Captain Lc ray has arrived at Toulon from Tunis. It consists of the Neptune, Her cule, Trident, and Diadem°, of the line, with the An dromede frigate. The brig d'Assas, has arrived at Brest from Newfoundland. The Brandon steamer has sailed from Rochfort for Lisbon. We find in tne Phare des Pyrennes, of the 31st of Oc- tober, the following paragraph : " It does not appear that the Regent has yet quitted Vittoria. No important decision has yet been come to on the question of the fueros. Nothing has been •pub lished since the proclamation, which we gave in our last number. It may, however, be already affirmed that the privilege of the province will be shortly withdrawn, and that the only favour the Biscayans will enjoy, will be that they shall continue to be exempt from tht con scription." The Moniteur Parisien says—" The demolition of the island of Barcelona is suspended ; but it was believed that the operation would be resumed." The Moniteur of November 4, has no official part. Dr. Bowring arrived at Havre on the 3d, on his way to Paris. The Bth and 9th regiments of Artillery, in garrison at Toulouse, have received orders to send two batteties to Bayonne, and two to Perpignan. The Emancipation of Toulouse of the Ist of November, announces that M. L. Dupin, printer of the Journal 'Aspir, against whom a warrant has long been issued, was obliged yesterday to go to prison, to join the Editor of the Journal, M. P. Dupin.—ConstitutionneL There was again a Council of Ministers to-day, at which the King presided ; it was held at St. Cloud, to which the King returned yesterday. A temporary entrance is now arranging under the Puyslils of the Chamber of Deputies • opposite to the bridge, by which the King will be able to go to the Chamber to open the Session without passing through the streets.—Commerce. BOURSE—PARIS, THURSDAY, NOV. 4. first Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Price. Prier. french 5 per Cents ll5 85 ... 116 115 85 115 90 3 per Contr... ...... SO 25 ..„ 30 ... SO 25 ... 80 *I Loan lank of prance Lattitte Bank 1,0001. St area 1037 50 ...1040 ..,037 50 ...1040 5.0001. Skares 5010 ...5070 ...5070 ...5070 Selgian !Sant, 1841 '76o ... 730 ... '760 ... 780 Belgian 5 per Cents. per cent,. 1840 10.:3 102 , 4 ... ... 1i:2 1 4 ipanisis Active... 52 ... V. 2% Passive 5 ... 5 ... 5 5 ,4eapolitan 166 ... leo ... 1•215 Roman • 104% ... 104% ... 104% ... 104% RAILWAY SHARES. St. Germain Versailles, LB 2..0 200 ... 200 ... 200 R.ll 3ll 25 211 25 ... 310 310 (Means .. 478 75 47$ 75 ... 477 50 ... 477 50 itrasburg to Balr.shares red. 2..51 25 .32. 50 ... 231 25 ... 231 25 PEACEABLE STATE OF IRELAND.—The charge for printing proclamations offering rewards for the arrest of offenders, &c., issued by the Lord Lieutenant, fur the last quarter, was only 201. Iu the reign of Toryism when the Catholics were kept down by the sword, and treated by the Orangemen as helots, the average charge was 3001. per quarter, and occasionally it rose to 1,0001. The mild con ciliatory and impartial government of Lord Nor manby and Lord Ebrington, produced a marked change in the habits of the Irish people. They were for the first time, during the last three hundred years treated like rational beings, and true to their national character for gratitude, made the best return they could, and which they knew would be most acceptable to their benefactors, by rendering obedience to the laws. THE PROTESTANT ASSOCIATION.—In former times, when this body was in the vigour of youth, we were in the habit of exposing its absurdities. At present, when it is falling into the grave, we should disdain to give the wretched, tottering, decaying thing, a single blow. It finds numerous assailants, however, amongst the Tories ; and even the Standard, like the ass, can now kick the dying lion. They flattered and used the Association for a political purpose ; but now it suits them to hunt their old ally and friend to death. We leave it with pleasure to their vengeance. Generous men are satis fied with defeating their enemies—to butcher decaying friends, is a sort of ruffianism which can only be prac tised by the Times and the Standard. THE ROMISH STATE CLERGY.—A brother of the re nowned Colonel Sibthorp has left the ministry of the Church of England, and reconciled himself to the Bishop of Rome. According to the Standard he is only one of several clergymen who might be expected to leave the Church if their honesty and their convictions went together. They repudiate the doctrines of Protestant ism, but hold fast to its good livings. They adopt the faith of Rome, and the wealth of England. What a cha racter does the Standard give the State priesthood ? Can it be supposed that those whom it thus denounces are safe guides for a Protestant people ? It is, however, for such double-tongued instructors that the Standard and its party calls on the nation to erect and endow more churches. WYLD'S MAP OF ROUTES TO INDIA, &c. Mr. Wyld, of Charing-cross, has published a finely executed map of all the routes at present travelled from London to India and China, by sea and land, with a scale of distances, and other valuable particulars, not to be found in other maps. There is also indicated on this map a new route, chiefly overland, avoiding the terri tories of France and Russia, as well as the inconvenience and uncertainty of a long sea passage. This route is re commended by Mr. Wyld, after (we believe) a personal examination of the whole line, and it is interrupted only by a passage of 130 miles across the Black Sea, from Kostingi to Sansoom. The roads the whole way are good, and the countries peaceable, and most likely to continue so. We have likewise seen a very ingenious and most use ful " Corn-law and Currency Chart," compiled by the same gentleman, which shows the fluctuations of corn, currency, and Consols, and of our exports and imports, revenue and expenditure, from 1790 to 1840. So much valuable information upon so many important su b j ects, was never before compressed into se small a space, or presented so clearly and strikingly to the observation. It will be an effectual aid to the Anti-Corn-law advocates, in the illustration of the manner in which the " Devil's law" has operated. PHRENOTYP [CS OF BENI° WS KI. On Saturday ev en i ng we had the great p leasure of attending Major Benio ws ki's class (his last lect ure ) for artificial memory, hi s i m p rove d system of which h e calls by the appropriate name of Phrenotypics. It is to us the more gratifying to be able to testify to the ease and certainty with which this system has been mastered by two classes of adults, each in six lessons, at the Adelaide Gallery, as we have repeatedly and strongly expressed our prejudice against the art of Mnemonics, and have been very slow to recognise the merits of this gentleman's adaptation. If We have been cautious in our approbation, we shall not, on that account, be the less frank in the avowal of our con viction that th e l earne d and inge nious Pole has really contrived a s i mp l e an d easily acquir ed series of plirenotypies, by whi c h ever y kind of knowl ed g e, in the acquisition of .which m ere ly technical memo r y is useful, can be rapidly and pe r m a n en tly imprinted 9n t he mind. One gentleman,'Who had rec eived but four lessons, corn milted to . memory froth our dictati on, and re p eated 'thirty-six . words in six strange languages—llindu, Hebrew, Arabic, _Gerinan, Polish, and Celtic, in less than five minutes. It is not too mush to say, deliberately and earnestly, thatMjor's s ystem is well worthy the attention of all Who areaconcerned in the education of others, or who desire to improve themselves. Several of the Cabinet Ministers visited Sir Robert Peel on Saturday morning, in Whitehall -gardens. s Y n WS AND tiblic Optutott. " Who runs may read." 1 1 01ZISIGN. ,The accounts received on Saturday morning from Brussels inform us that the police are indefatigable in their endeavours to discover all the authors of the late plot. The number of six-pounder ball_ seized was 300. All the persons arrested have been placed in solitary con- fitiettent. The following incidefit in the youthful history of the Spanish Ambasssdor M. Olozaga, related by the Courrier Francais, proves him to be a man of courage and great presence of mind. " The young Ambassador of Spain, M. Alozaga," says that Journal, " who has just given proof of so much tact and frankness in his corre spondence with Queen Christina on the subject of the O'Donnell movement, was, under the absolute govern ment of Ferdinand VIL, .thrown into a dungeon in Ma drid. He was there, expecting to be executed, when, aided by his brother, he made his escape. He wrapped himself in a cloak, and, presenting himself before the jailer with his purse in one hand and a pistol in the other, profited by the stupefaction of the man to seize his cap, and putting it on reached the last sentinel, who took him for the jailer. What o'clock is it, sentinel?' said he, with great calmness of manner. A quarter past twelve,' replied the sentinel. Five minutes after wards, M. Olozago was, with the aid of his brother, who was waiting for him in the street, safe from the pursuit of the police, and looking forward to happier days." _ A letter from Madrid of the 27th ult. states that the 917,000 National Guards of Spain are divided into 975 battalions, 72 squadrons of cavalry, and 96 artillery com panies, with their corresponding field-pieces and other ordnance ; and it-is proposed that, out of the number, there should be 250,000 moveable National Guard, and 11,000 cavalry, who, upon cases of war, &c., are to gar rison second-rate fortresses, large cities and towns, as well as form themselves into three corps, to be stationed in the neighbourhood of Madrid, Zaragossa, Valladolid, and Burgos. The news from Constantinople, Alexandria, Beyrout, Smyrna, and Athens, is interesting, but so diffuse that the substance of it cannot be given in a summary. We refer, therefore, to the details in another part of The Sim. PUBLIC OPINION. The Times ridicules with great justice the proceed ings of the Exeter Hall fanati - cs, observing :—" Any man who will look down a page of the reports of the Protest ant Association, and stop his eye fin- a moment when he observes the word Cheers,' Hear, hear,' will find them always called forth by some broad denunciation or coarse anecdote against the unrepresented Papist. We are no partisans of what is called concession ; we are not silly enough, or inexperienced enough, to fancy that feelings of long-standlng, widely spread, and deeplyseated, .will be bribed into quiet by sops. For Ireland, firmness is as necessary as beneficence. But the 'fcrociter in mode, nihil in re" of the Protestant Association, and such like exhibitions, would seem expressly devised for impeding to the extent of its power, both firm and gentle treatment." The Protestant Association, though expressly founded to further the interests of the Church, is, in reality, one of the worst enemies the Church possesses. It represents her as bigotted, intolerant, inimical to religious freedom, and anxious only to secure an unquestioned supremacy for herself. The sooner the Church comes boldly for ward, and, in language not to be mistaken, repudiates and fixes the seal of reprobration on, the sayings and doings of the Protestant Association, the better it will be for her, and the cause of Christianity which she professes to have so much at heart. The Chronicle says:—" The new Ministry is formed amongst other reasons, for the express purpose of in• vading property by taxation. The Whigs went out because they had determined to lay on no new taxes; the Tories are in for - ' their imposition. As a temporary expe dient, the public debt is increased. But the Cabinet is preparing to show Parliament how. to equalise the revenue with the expenditure—not by economising, nor by remissions of vexatious imposts, unburdening the springs of industry, but by taxes. It is for new taxes that we are waiting this interval of consideration.' The money power must be yet more a paying power: and meanwhile the great tax of all, the impost that destroys forty millions per annum, wasting alike the capital of the wealthy and the bread and wages property of the operative, is, if possible, to be perpetuated."— We should not be at all surprised if the Chronicle were right in its hypothesis, and that the remedy intended to be proposed by Ministers next Session, were the imposi tion of a fresh load of taxes, heavy enough to break the back of Atlas. The Tories have always been remarkable for their powers in this respect, and have thrown more invention and ingenuity in the way of taxation than even Sir Walter Scott shows in the composition of his Waverley novels. If they must needs increase the taxes, and are at a loss for a taxable article, let them clap a tax on nonsense, for then the impost will fall heavily on their own Parliamentary speakers, and it is to be hoped be attended with the beneficial effect of putting an end to Sir James Graham's fancy for writing pamphlets. Speaking of the dilatory policy of the late Ministers as regards the Corn-laws, the Post says :—" How hap pens it that they have waited until their party had lost its preponderating influence, and then, but not until then, have informed the public of the countless blessings, the certain national felicity, which the mere repeal of an Act of Parliament would occasion ? In 1831 and 2 they had great power—the people was with them—the Parliament was not against them—they could and they did alter the legislative constitution of the country, but they did not repeal the Corn-laws. They never even at tempted any such thing. And yet now they tell us that if the law were repealed every thing good which a nation .could desire would be the consequence I If they say what they think now, what must they think of what tjAy l aaid when they .really had power ? Then they promised everything as the result of Parliamentary R4urtn,.but,the great " Reform " has, according to their own account, turned out a great failure, but they said nothing of Corn-law repeal."—There is, unfortunately, but too much justice in these sarcasms of the Post, and we will not attempt to defend the Whigs from them. When these men could have repealed—or at any rate greatly modified—the Corn-laws, they did nothing; and it was not till pOwer had all but passed away from their hands that they deemed the subject worth consideration. For this apathy they are now paying the penalty. They are ousted, not by the Tories, but by themselves. Their case is one of suicide, not of destruction by an enemy. We quote the following from the Herald :—" The Political Economy Club,' we may incidentally inform the public, is a small association of amiable and wealthy, but somewhat conceited, gentlemen, who dine- together during the Parliamentary season, and have generally seduced the Chancellors of the Exchequer for the time being to partake of their hospitality, after dinner one of the number lulls the Right Honourable Gentleman and his fellow members to sleep, for the benefit of their di gestion, by reading aloud a paper on one of those .dog matic points of human economy which never practically enters into the business circle of human affairs. The en thusiasm of the essayist in reading hii own transcendental effusion, wholly prevents him from observing the som nolency of his supposed auditory ; his silence when the Esssay—' big with the fate of Caesar and of Roane'—is exhausted, recalls his friends to the charms of the wine and dessert, and their subsequent gravity and profound nods when he illustrates, or tediously re peats, the arguments they did not hear, convinces the exhibitor of each succeeding dinner party, that the Fi nance Minister of the country will at once act on his views, and be supported by . pamphlets from the pens of all his silently-approving' friends. Such is the circle of self deceit in which the members of the Political Eco nomy Club move gently round, by means of the good dinners and excellent wines of the Cockspur-street hotel. Mr. Ricardo, Mr. Mill, Mr. Holland were, Mr. Tooke, Col. Torrens, Mr. Jones Loyd, and Mr. Norman are, all members of this harmless but self-deluding and caw me, caw thee little dining club." The North Devon Journal thus alludes to the present distressed state of the country :—" The distress of the working classes in the manufacturing districts is gradually forcing itself upon public attention. The statements re cently made in the House of Commons, and the contradic tions subsequently given to some of them, have led to anxi ous inquiry on the part of many benevolent individuals; andthe result notonly confirms the representations which had been made, but proves that the half had not been told. We have availed ourselves of means which we hap pen to possess of instituting private investigation, pri marily directing our attention to the district which Dr. Bowring's statements have rendered so notorious ; and we regret to find that dark as was the picture which he drew, truth would have justified a yet deeper colouring." Speaking of the rumour of the appointment of a Pro testant Bishop to the See of Jerusalem, the Brighton Herald remarks—" What right the Archbishop of Can terbury can have to send a Bishop into a country of .ilahomedans, governed by one of our Allies, we cannot conceive. What would be said in England if the Grand Signior were to open a mosque in London, with a view of proselytizing the English? All the country would be up in arms. Then, why should we force our Bishops upon a city belonging to another Sovereign?" The following remarks are from the Dublin Evening Post :—" To the deep disgrace of Lord de Grey and Lord Eliot—the ready' professors of conciliation and im partiality—we are forced to write the words 'Judge Lefroy.' As to Sir Robert Peel, no one believes his professions. Expediency has ever been his motto, and he takes up a man or a measure just as he finds himself forced by circumstances, without the slightest regard to his past declarations. But with Lord Eliot, at least, it was different—he had a character for straightforward nesss, and many people, therefore, believed him ; but now he stands before the world as the stultified tool of the crafty and unprincipled faction amongst whom his ambition has brought him." MONEY—TR.ADE—COMMETZCE. A meeting of theriTas7l;scont - TeJecr with Tile strike was held at the Crown and Anchor Tavern on Friday evening. There were at least 5,000 present. One reso lution proposed was " that the meeting condemned the conduct of those men who had been so unmanly as to accept employment from Messrs. arissell and Peto, and it was hoped that no shelter would be given to them, and that support should be denied to every lodging-house and public-house that took them in. Mr. Wakley strongly advocated the cause of the masons, observing " that it was contrary to human nature that 200 men should voluntarily throw themselves out of work, and subject themselves to all the domestic privations conse quent thereon, unless they were actuated by some high principle of duty." Another meeting will be held at the Craven Head, Drury-lane, next Ilrednesday even ing, at eight o'clock. COMNIERCX/11. REFORM. The distress in Bethnal-green is increasing from week to week ; the workhouse has in it above 800 paupers, and about 1,200 receive out-door relief. The overseers have endeavoured to farm out the paupers at Norwood and Bromley. The Spitalfields workhouse is in the same over-crowded state. NAVAL AND MILITARY. The Falkland Islands, situated as it were between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, are regarded by many emi nent naval authorities , as capable of forming noble ports for our ships on the South American station. The group of islands are about 200 in number ; and settle merits have been formed on the East and West Falkland. The eastern island is stated to be 130 miles long by 80 broad ; the Smaller island 100 miles long by 50 broad : containing together 13,000 square miles, situated 360 miles distant from the nearest main land. These islands possess little short of 40,000 head of wild cattle, and about 4,000 wild horses. The Eagle,,so, and Castor, 36, at Chatham, are to be put in commission. On Thursday, the anniversary of the day on which Acre capitulated to the British, an address was pre sented to Sir Robert Stopford, the Governor of Green wich Hospital, by the pupils of the Royal Naval School, Catnberwell. About 800 boys of the Greenwich schools, the majority of whom are the sons of seamen, and 2C03 all the sons of naval and marine officers, were present, on the occasion. They dined together afterwards, and, in a bumper of sherry, gave three cheers for the Governor, T3IE.A.TRICA.L. Rubini, on arriving at Bayonne, is said to have been met by a person of distinction from the Musical Lyceum of Madrid, to urge him immediately to proceed to the Spanish capital, whither the illustrious tenor started, under an escort of 30 horsemen. LITERARY AND SCIENTXPIC. Dr. Fisher, of Downing College, Cambridge, was elected on Wednesday, the 3d inst., to the Downing Professorship of Medicine. The income of the office is only 20c1. per annum, but it is one of much honour, and only one course of lectures is expected to be given, in Michaelmas Term. So heavy are the fees demanded by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, for the erection of monuments in the Abbey, that they are a constant subject of very just complaint among sculptors. The monument to the Earl of Chatham, executed by Bacon, cost that artist, in fees, nearly 700/. COURT-FASHIONABLE. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge left town on Friday morning, for the Military College at Sandhurst. His Excellency Prince, Esterhazy is expected to arrive from Vienna early next month. The Duke and Duchess of Beaufort left Hampton Court Palace on Saturday for Badminton. The Duke and Duchess of Sutherland left the Earl of Cawdor's seat in Wales on Saturday, for their place in Shropshire. The Earl of Clarendon has returned to Grove Park, Watford. The Earl of Kinnoul returned the week before . last to Dublin Castle. Count and Countess Baptiste Metaxa from Mivart's Hotel on a tour. MISCELLANEOUS. A morning Contemporary relates a strange story about her Majesty's ship Calliope, having encountered in the Indian Seas a drifting vessel, having an officer and five Lascars on board, all of whom were fast asleep, and were only awakened by the firing of the Calliope's thirty-two pounders !----If this sleepy crew had been reading any of Captain Elliot's Chinese proclamations or manifestos, their excessive somnolence is at once accounted for. The Dublin Corporation console themselves by the re flection, that though the great Repeal Agitator is a tee totaller, the Lord Mayor is as convivial a host as they could desire to see punishing a bottle at their festivals. The Limerick Reporter announces the conversion to the Catholic faith of the Rev. Mr. Sibthorp.—What will his brother, the ultra-Tory Member for T incoln, say to this? His very whiskers, we suspect, will bristle up, like a cat's back, with horror. Last week Mr. Abraham Turner, of Charlestown, near Ashton-under-Lyne, died in his 100th year, having 11 children, 37 grandchildren, '36 great grandchildren, and 1 great great grandchild; in all 85 persons. Upwards of 200 relations and friends accompanied him to his last eating-place. Parry, the unfortunate lunatic, who accompanied Lord Byron to Greece, and who beheld the poet expire, escaped from the Faversham Lunatic Asylum, but was recaptured on the following Sunday. The magistrates, gentry, and clergy of Waterford have come forward to resist any agitation pursued by the Chief Magistrate of Dublin. A meeting was held by them on Monday last, at Shanahan's Great Rooms, when a local society was formed to maintain by every constitutional means the legislative Union between Great Britain and Ireland. The friends of Parliamentary Reform dined together on Friday evening at Anderton's Hotel, Fleet-street, in celebration of the forty-seventh anniversary of the ac quittal of Hardy, Horne Tooke, and Thelwall, from the charge of high treason. • " They met," said thB Chair man, " to celebrate an occasion in which, if he might be allowed to express it, the jaw-teeth of tyranny were broken in its mouth." Above 130 gentlemen were pre sent at the dinner. Among other toasts was proposed, " The memory of Margarot, Muir, Gerold, and Skirving, the victims of the Scotch Courts in 1794." Saturday was the anniversary of the death of Gustavus Adolphus, who, in 1632, fell at the battle of Lutzen. Also, on Saturday, in 1817, the Princess Charlotte died. The funeral of the late Thomas Philipps, Esq., took place on Friday at the parish church of St. Ann's, Soho. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS (From The Sun of Saturday Evening.) LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, Nov. s.—The Cotton market has been very dull throughout the week, and prices of American descriptions are Id. per lb. lower, prime quality excepted; There has been very little doing in Brazils and Egyptians ; the former are / id. to +d. per lb. lower, and the latter Id. per lb., in all quali ties but the best. Surat have declined Id. per lb. There has been taken on speculation 700 American and 500 Surat, and for exportation 300 American and 700 Surat; 800 white and 200 stained Sea Islands are announced for auction on Friday next. LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, Nov. s.—The tran sactions are thus reported at the Stock Exchange:— Eastern Counties, 7*; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 434; Grand Junction, 190 ; Ditto, Quarter Shares, 251 ; London and Birmingham, 154; Ditto, New Shares, 241; London and Brighton, 37; London and South Western, 521; Midland Counties, New, 20i; North Union, 75i. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. s.—There is a fair inquiry to-day, but, for want of Stock, scarcely any business done. Closing prices :—London and South Western, 52 to 52i ; Manchester and Leeds, 56 to 56i ; Manchester and Birmingham;.2l to 2 I ; Midland Coun ties, 82 to 83 ; North Midland, 65 t 0.66. Cape of Good Hope Papers to the 11th of September have been received, but they do not contain any news of interest. _ _ _ --- Combols opened at 881 * for Money, and 881 + for Account ; Spanish. Active Stock 21+I ; Passive 4+ 5 ; Portuguese Five per Cents. 293 30 ;I.lu° Threes 183. Very little business doing. PRICES OF IRISH STOCKS, DUBLIN, NOV. 4. 3 per Cent. Consols Three and Half Stock..... 97i 'Grand Canal Stock -.- Ditto Reduced ...... Ditto Debs. 6 per cent... -- Ditto New 1830......... 97i Ditto 4 per cent ... per Cent. Dabs. A slight improvement has taken place in the English Stock Market since the opening. Consols are now 834 89; for Money, and 89 for the Account ; Three per Cent. Reduced 871 ; Ditto, Three-and-d-Halt' 97+ ; India Bonds par to 2 prem. Scarcely a bargain has been transacted in the Foreign Market, up to the present time. The following are the only quotations : Peruvian for the Account, 13;1 ; Spanish Active Stock, 21+; Dutch Five per Cents., 993. Not much business doing in the Share Market. London and Brighton has advanced to 381. per Share. Great Western, New, were 581 ; London and Blackwall, 9 4 1 ; North Midland, 65 ; York and North Midland, 80+ to 81. Consols, Money, 88+ 89 ; Ditto for Account, 89+ ; Spanish, 21 + A. The recent convulsions in the Tallow market have rendered it an object of much attention. The following are the latest statistics respecting the imports from Russia : Of the qurntity shipped there are.:- 1841 1840 To London 52,700 Outports 28,675 Great Britain 81,375 Foreigners 101,575 ' 110,140 To be accounted for 23,425 Total casks 125,000 CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bank Stock 165 India Stock 3 per Cent Red. B7; Ditto Bonds 2 pr 3 per Cent Cons B9 Ditto Old Annuities ... 3; per Cent Red 976 Ditto New Annuities... New 3/ per Cent 99 Ex. Bills, 1,0001... lid —pm New 5 per Cent Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small. . Jan 1860 l2; 'Bank Stock for Acct... Oct 1859 lndia Stock for Acct.... Jan. 1860. FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per cent !Portuguese ' 5 per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent ..— 'Ditto, New Ditt0......... Brazilian 80nd5.... 571 'Prussian ' 5 per cent. ... Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent IRu ssian , 5 per cent — Chilian, 6 per cent...—. Ditto, Metallic Metallic Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, b per cent 2li Ditto, 1824. — Ditto , Deferred • Danish, 3 per cent French, 5 per cent. —f. —c, Greek, 1825, 5 per cent — Exchange Mexican, 5 per cent.... French, 3 per cent —f. —e Ditto, 6 per cent, 1625 —; Dutch, 2i per cent. sli Peruvian, 1825, 6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent. SHARES Great Western Railway (65 paid) 79 Ditto New Shares (50 paid 561 Ditto Fifth (4 paid) ... ... 8/ London and Brigiiton (50 paid) 3B London and Blackwall Railway (25 paid)... , 9/ London and Birmingham (90) ......... ... .. 157/ Ditto Thirds (32 paid) ... 52/ London and Greenwich Railway (20 pd) Ditto New Shares ( 20 paid) .. Ditto Scrip. (6/ paid) London and South Western Midland Counties Railway (101) paid) North Midland Railway (100 paid) Paris and Rouen (12 paid) IOA South Eastern and Dover (43 paid )... 19/ York and North Midland Railway (50 paid)- 801. a ROBBERY AND MURDER IN THE CHEDDAR CLIFFS. —The celebrated chasm in the range of the Men dip Hills, known as the Cheddar Cliffs, was on Monday last the scene of a brutal murder and robbery, committed on a farmer named Baker, who occupied Hig!met farm, near Cheddar. The murderers are suspected to be two per sons in the dress of navigators or railway men, for whom search has been making.—Dorset Chronicle. MORNING SUN lAMENT. HOUSES OF VARL ON. TO THE EDITOR OF THE St, Sin shalt feel grateful by your pertnitting w e publicly and solemnly to deny the truth of the allega tions made against me at the meeting of Friday, an d 0 s'atsid in the Report to be as follows: • Ist, I had prevented nien I st, I n ever refused anY from paying the last rites ofmymen,andnever hesitt: to their deceased relatives. ed in readily giving perm''' . • ~ . . • night or threT i w eeks. sion • told him I COu f of the masons to o n a n b s P ( e ) , P n ( s u l e d t ° :31 ford wished of me or his job open Skt 4ql l ,gvf e n him. came beak iii. { e d days—went continued 2d, I had locked up a 2d, lam sure all 0 1 1 pump, to preverit men who brother foremen here , ar td , were teetotallers having Mr. Wardle, the prineiPsl access thereto.. • ; clerk, will bear witness that I ne‘ r o e r r this is untrue. locked up any purnP,,,, n ed en t t o to wort;, swooorko,tii atnhae to was any complaint maim , . 3d, I had behaved bru- 3d; A. ma n after a lmee se nd er tally in refusing a man accident , e m p lo y ed tob e employment who was re- me,applied aga in idta covering from an accident. placed to wo rk. I fou nd una ble to undertake. ee.i, ployment CO labo rious, st ick. still obliged to I recommen4e4.,4 lls 4sF 011 cation to ISl:esrshter.V: and Peto for ilig.:no they appointed him 29 k or b e , l r e g r of on t n h o e n i r r d t a t l i l l yo b me r n ic and where he is still.ear ployed. I should also say their charges against me were breaiii, after the strike, ir. a letter addressed to the Earl of i a " eoln, and sent by him to Messrs, Grissell and Feto, a t ., who, so far from refusing to look into the matter , i n ! t t tuted a most searching inquiry, and which extended ed their other agents here, and they were fully eoli vili r c o e s e that the bitter persecution of me by the LiPiu n a " be from my bringinc , before them the limitation of t amount of labour the Unionists, and their fininglll.°.° who did more than the prescribed quantity. ever e a The good workmen under me know well I n "plained of them. The letter to my emp lo y ers was stated; ~ " They, the masons, would not return unt il I olbt missed, as I required more from them than th e y. a fair day's work." I always required what I did believe to be $ 4ti r e t day's work, and shall always do so, while 1.4 Ott tained by' Messrs. Grissell and Peto ; but I submit myself to a system which levels the goou the with the idle and bad; and to my withdrawal fronl, Union with this feeling, I am indebted f or all thOr tempts to ruin me with my employers, and destrof ,„,, character with the public. • I am, Sir, your obedient, humble servant, November 6, 1811. GEORGE ALL .614/* THE MASONS and the'' DlSPArrefl‘ TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUiv• las t cisY 0 Sts, —Finding in the Weekly Dispatch of Sun /itc h, an article headed " The Masons and th e PtsP, the, wherein it is stated that the masons have come `." O o f formidable resolution of discouraging the c irca to the their paper, on account of its being an en emy t° , to working classes,—iii answer to this we beg le, ° , s tee state, that it was at the meeting of Trades Delebn.hea held at the Craven's Head, Drury-lane, Oct. 2 7 , he , pis. that resolution was passed, on the ground that that t t he patch is not the friend of the working ma n ; so t ‘ r ob Editor of that paper will perceive it is not the lv d that or froth of the masons," as he calls it, tha t p asse resolution. . ' b 'as° The Dispatch feels very indignant at being Pu t 1 „ oell bad company.as the Times, and conceives 0°, 44 csa must be sadly dosed with ignorance or stupidity t"" it is class the Dispatch with that paper ; inasmuch asocero violently opposed to. the Times upon all subjects c° Gjebit , ing the_ working classes, except one." So is the the ir Morning Chronwle, and others of the same staal,- ; o osti' are all opposed to the Times, but that does o° t si, - or tute them the friends of the working classes. 1, un der! position to the Times,. we believe,-is perfectly ,e ll un der! th l stood by the thinking part of the working men; and tch SY , also understand that that does not prove the Disl)a ' be their friend. ~ fella The Dispatch may rest assured, whenever it 1 s e, I amongst bad company, and acting a dish onest P , a ll will be classed along with the rest of that coloP ei/ p l t e'n 6e 4. an open and avowed enemy, is better tha n a P.":istoltet but deceitful friend. The Dispatch makes gi Ill b , e to' when it asserts that we say it refused to insert te e communications sent to it by us—the fact of their P.' an . been inserted, is sufficient tnprove to the contrary:4s,o the reason we sent nothing more for insertion' swweicb, consequence of its attacks and misrepresentatietlto 011 followed those it did insert. And we be n - tt 00 / ' its attention to its remarks following our le,,,t te . r . s ell as" tober 10, in adverting to that part of M e ssrs.ti rl 'ioxpr o Pete s, where they allege that, " the real man figs 1 which we complain of is, that Allen paid a n hi. shillings, being the amount of a fine imposed or:. t hat for working too fast, and that there is a o ne act masters should pay the same wages to a bad as t yors workman, as also a compact to prevent any up 11 taking task work." The Dispatch follows 01%000 saying, " This is a grave matter, which the " 7 eles; ought to answer." If the Dispatch had been ss , 0 0 trious in its attention to our answers to thos e g11),-; ot ° scandalous falsehoods as it has been in its atte, ll ,;;. c' e sr those falsehoods, it would have known that we a o j, thl swered them. We have challenged them threarr-ort medium of some of the daily journals to come l e _ hr ons and prove those charges, but they have invariablY .brans back. In the same article the Dispatch asks " Whi r os ,, be; a tailor who can earn 2/ a week be restricted to _ ..01 . 0 ? cause a majority of his brethren can earn n° 1 ;:i JrO; Now the direct inference which the public wollioptes, from these remarks, would be that we have Pr e vi bieD individuals from making the best of their abilities, 0 t he is as untrue as it is ridiculous. In their r emark t s h e e pis . 3d October, in speaking of the conduct of Alle t '',„;stsl' e ., fl patch says, that " necessary severity is often ', - „ n otyt for tyranny." We beg to submit a few acts of Y . : 0011 1.) 18 nay of cruelty, to the consideration of all re ve siti'. men, and ask if they can be considered nece ssarY. s ,.. tel I Can it be considered necessary severity- ';`:i.ottli, man, after having his leg broken, and upon lu' a „,- 4 to work, that he (Allen) did not want any su cb . hobbling fellows as him there ?ic e 's, a Can it be considered necessary severity to {ell ic k t who was absent a few days in consequence op t s o y il li upon his return that he (Allen) did not Ws ri stD ° sound men there. M - er Can it be considered necessary severity to tell a, se e 1',,, had been to close the dying eyes of his w ife., all' t hat " respectably interred, upon his return to Ivor"' might go back and die with her, and be d—d? ~ t ssi Can it be considered necessary severity to Pr, l l - h n is dfj man from paying the last tribute of. respet c i, 07 0 ceased parent, by seeing her respectably burle. such e God, what is to become of British mechanics if er g . •sev .ing of atrocity as these are to be considered necessary w 0 Andwill the Dispatch • insist upon being the re ,1 man's friend, and yet tell us if we succeed in th e cte r s', of this man from his situation, which his char,9, , 0 1iq, , , disposition unfit him to fill, " that it will be ta ve r n :lf 3t the duty, of employers to treat their workmen se we e; ti b i ,. The Dispatch also states in an article o f la s E l oa i ;, , it " should be deserting the canae - Of the Pe °r e olps b t io traying that of the working classes mos t 0 0 0 , • did it not denounce certain proceedings in pr l i r i, part of the masons, which are vile, unia St iedaser ciple, and most powerfully injurious to 011.„.' itchier' ous poptilation of every degree." Wh) . -- p ' - 'prt: ce ile taro proceedings" -L-- why not name . th9 s ." ol or ings which would - justify the denunciatilu.ffer 04. Dispatch? Is it because we have refused to su itn ity_ d '? feelings to' be outraged by such acts of i° l „ ) ,-Toue ct "te those we have just named that we are to be ot' t eet e ° „t If so we can treat all such denunciations wit" bo;„,- tempt they justly merit. and we believe es' erl ti cl= a° ll , man will do the same. The Dispatch cord ial if the i l ie r ledges the right of combination, and argues leis bret.nst treatment of an individual is systematic, let,,eis 1 5 ) oft workmen join him and make a strike." , e tc h 1 1 03 what we have done ; the advice of the Vi s P taut 1- nt,l that subject is very good, but rather late. it w o ve ether statements the Dispatch has M ade al d 0 °t be • have the public believe we have forced ~, an 4I i ,li body . of men in some other part of the cou'i t ' c l o ' r l;, "' t to longing to some other trade, to leave Ow ir t ` e , " b u g ! or will be seen from its own words, 'wher e it its ~opuic-eOO say that because one or more musters are t) nde r t it t 3 unkind in any ' trade, that the worktnen ti ero r, - i : ft air: js .(0:111134' .i. masters that are indulgent, kind, and gin , ot or, ye , s p t i ri ec k e e, to of th f e ol injury n d o f their absurdity,em ploye r 0 r be n ei - fld e -.0, villany, - which shall never be defended IV no 't sh ° bo t nor advocated nor defended by us. But it h ae ,.. t ious',,,ies where this has been done ; it makes a t i ier trP - 0 gives no proof that we have interfered witi,, l e„ - This ra t or with employers, " a hundred miles on. , aCO it entirely a new feature in this ca i s n e g — ra tl i s tlidets' e ti ; s 's' ll of its own manufacture, which the Tim es ' t in ; : l b' is, we believe, would not bear it °l t t he ) 9 10 0 a to po p w l e a r ce w t h h in is h i s s til n l ot more forcibly - befor e .eeins e '.e, lie, the -Dispatch says, " the masons claim forf v, e ay ie church, medical or legalpopsrsoefsessesdionbs3; otrhehleiititot;efrtelle'rr mercantile Classes," inasmuch as when one exp ect e o f. officer is .strtick ,against;'the strikers do not ~/ /, 'plititt , bi trades. to strike that - have nothing to cu i . o ll o w" e% , Neither du we expect our example to be r, orb t he ether trades who have nothing to complain 01 e w i 114 tend to other employers. We entirely ; a gre licy, . P 0 Dispatch- that honesty is the best • f : u tt , • 10 0 4% many people find this out when it is t, o °, the Is to our finding that the Dispatch is right la s ' t „, t ellet„, months, if the Dispatch can persuade ti,_t_nr; se yeAJ le white, or that those acts of cruelty are nec i es i s ; t rly, ). tho, we will be convinced it is right itfut ru t it i 5 e ,, Dispatch winds up by again repeating Nor . no .elas , in " warm though discerning friend a the worei ritor i°tls al l and selr eve may but tt as sdwd we do n th o e t r e e x i p s e i e n t A t t ogonii,ore:hotcobe..ebst; stinking fish, w_________. think the . working scribe judges ourselves rs i s t ie s zl extent vn eesd th on behalf o ub f de f i r o i a e ctit n ia : ti s s ; i n tt i ( i if t e joo body,tlte%erlets , ; 110 '► - 00 015 . ; . : .............................2 ..... .....,, Me g ,- , MAGNUM DONUM A PPLE e S p ra : f 7 tiv i :: ,b -S ' e t t :e:S o o . or 7 . 1 - 1 ;: 1 11-14 :. of Stowey Farm, in the A p il ari ° sh recently gathered from an espalier in his g e a_ r sti c o 'd rO t io , pies, three of which weighed 31bs., and ill '_'.. l _ bo rio t. the nose and stem 131 inches each, and in od fts g re* girth 23/ inches ; they are moreover as .5.° lAd II