The Sun. — London, England, 1841-03-11 00:00:00

MORNING ED ITION. UNITED STATES. EXPRESS FROM LIVERPOOL. THREE DAYS LATER FROM THE UNITED STATES. LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY MORNING, 3 P.M. We have just received New York Papers to the 20th of February, by the packet-ship England. She arrived in the river late last night, an d we were promptly put in possession of our Pa p e rs by Captain Waite, who has made the pas sage in eighteen days. The United States Bank had presented a me morial to the Legislature of Pennsylvania, the P r ayer of whi c h i s , t h a t w hatever measures the Legislature may see fit to adopt, the same course i naY be pursued towards the United States Bank as towa r d s t h e other Ph il a d e l p hi a Banks. Theßill for suspending the Penalties of the Act of last,, year for f o rty d a ys was still before the House. The shares of the Bank of the United States 84) W, as b e f ore , at ')6 i n New York and 27 in Philad e l phia. The exchange on England for the packet was g ra nted at 108 to 1081, at which rate a fair, autount of business had been transacted. The bills of the United States Bank had been purchased at 19 . i to 15 p er cen t. discount. On France the r ate of exchange was 5 21.1 to 5 20. The union of tile Canadas had been proclaimed 0111. the 10th u l t., w i t h great pomp an d ce remony. „ I s Excellency the Governor-General imme wately issued a proclamation congratulating the p e ople Oil the event, and calling upon them to "operate with him in making the measure be- Ileticial for the country. The news brought by the England is highly 141 Portant. In the House of Representatives the 16th ultimo the rules of the House ver e suspended as soon as tile House met, t° enable Mr. Fillemore, of the Buffalo distr ict of New York, to introduce a resolu i") " instructing the Committee on Mili tary Aflairs to report a Bill for making the ne cessary appropriations for fortifications, naval ar- ZaTnents, and other necessary preparations, to 6, ace the country in a proper state of defence." "Jections were taken to the resolution, on ac count of its mandatory character, that the Com -'ttee be instructed to report a Bill ; and Mr. tloPer, of Georgia, on that account, moved to a Y it on th e ta bl e. M r . Filiemore then, at the su ggestion of 1111i.11V members, modified his reso iuf:°ll) so as to direct the Committee " to in- Z il 're into th e pro p r i e ty of reporting a Bill," e n : n This satisfied all parties, and the resolu tiWas unanimously adopted. so 4311 the fifflowin. , day a memorial was ppre sentedfrom about 100 citizens of Rome, in the C sta : ,` e of New York, asking the interference of f :i n g r ess in behalf of the patriot prisoners n ell in Canada, and now under sentence at s i n - ' +a nY-bay. The memorial asked an expres 4of the opinion of the people of the United States through Congress, in relation to the eat ment of the prisoners. Mr. Norvel said the memorial ought to be sent to the Ex e : liti ve, and that, unless the country were pre 'ire(' to go to war w i t h England, Congress should the opinion required. Mr. Preston w llt averse tv anyinterference in the domestic ar bgernents of foreign nations. He thought a war , e l tw een England and America would be most -aantitous in every respect to both, and the people on both sides the frontier should reli gl°llslY refrain from any interference in the eo ileern g or political relations of each other le memorial was ultimately laid on the table. - ` ll e resolutions offered to the House of Repre sentatives o f th e S ta t e of Maine, on the subject w re pelling what is styled " British aggression , " a e re taken. up by the Senate on the 13 t h ult., i ll o tt, after h av i ng b e en amended by inserting °O ,OOO dollars anstead of 400,000 dollars for 1 3 e defence of the State, were referred to the th °ll Mary C omm itt e e. Mr. Davis then offered e follo w i ng reso l ut i on , w hich was referred to th e Same Committee : " R esolve tr for repelling foreign invasion, and ° vidin g for the protection of the State. / I " Be it r eso l ve d, That the President of the tli te 4 State s b e requested and urged to cause the i mmediate removal of the foreign armed il ree by which our State is invaded, stationed 4 7,a th e upper valley of the St. John's, s l t °. that the Government of the United State s be earnestly invoked to relieve this i +.. a te from the present heavy needless burden of ",,?Nvo defence." 4 :, 11 e following resolutions were also offered an referred to the same Committee : i n " Whereas th e State of Maine is now suffer beg th e di sgrace of unres i ste d . British invasion, i t g u n in 1839, repeated in 1840, and continue d l to this h our, i n v i o l a ti on of the most solemn sti pulations and whereas we have no faith in Chas efr acaey of negotiations with a power which so repeatedly disregarded its deliberate ple ases, and believe that further forbearance on h o ' Part to assert the rights and vindicate the Iv i i ti , °ll r ()four State will prove as unavailing- as it certainly prove Inuniliating—Therefore ‘` Itesolved, That the Governor be authorized take in ankediate measures to remove the troops the Queen of Great Britain, now quartered on v th e territ ory ca ll e d di spu t e d by the British Go :In-lent, but by the treaty of 1783, by the reso lutl.a°l's of b ot h H ouses of Congress passed in 4iand by re p ea t e d resolves of the Legislature ri M aine, clearly and unequivocally a part of the Rntful soil of this State." Ntw TRADE AND COMMERCE. - YORK MONEY MARKET.—CITY NEWS. FEB. 18. nat e - SbAT, P.M.—The Trenton Gazette contains a tabular Stat!Zent, showing the condition of the several Banks in that 1. 10 4 on the I st of J anuary l as t. Th e w hole number of Banks no t n oPeratio n is 26, of which 16 pay specie. The 10 which do 14 r 11 , P 7 specie, otherwise called suspended banks, are the kedi„ e `,° ll Bank, Camden, New Hope, Salem, Cumberland, New - b r ' , Mount Holly, Burlington, Trenton, and Bank of speeie."runswick. The State Bank of New Brunswick pays STOCKS. 14 1"1 "DAY. —A decline of 14 in United States Bank . oacn frri.etdit°-day ; Harlem 14; Long Island 6 ; North American 14 4 ; 2,000 Illinois Bonds sold at 53 to 534. SAI D o 82.5 11 ---4.- ' ° AT THE STOCK EXCHANGE, FEB. 18. 15 11 2 — ronklyn B on d s , MO Illinois 6's ' 4 00 500 0 •• ................................ hizooo-s_ belaware and Hudson Bonds 911 e ... ..... 6 4 Z hares United States Bank b6o 264 10 0 do Vick.burgh Bank b6O 7 10 0 do North American Trust Company n w 24 so do Mechanic Banking Ass sBo 70 2 0 ( 1? Illinois Bank 50 r Bank of Commerce 2 " Delaware and Hudson 12 - 0 d „° Stonington R R 5 45 30 4 25 o Harlem RII 314 17 do Canton Co. 264 Id do Boston and Providence R.R 9l 50 do New Jersey R. R I do Long I s l a nd R.R do Utica and Schenectady R. R LITERATURE. MONTHS WITH THE CHINESE EXPEDITION. For • Murray, London, 1841. d eb this interesting little volume we are in (24,,ted to the pen of Lord Jocelyn, who, as he li e ," ei 'ves in his preface, " was obliged, from Nv Ore illite:•zs, to leave the Chinese expedition to Il k leh he was attached," and wrote the present ba rk while on his voyage front Canton to Born ttuL' from hints " entirely gathered from private die/ and r eco ll ect i ons o f conv ersations held at vvittrent times w ith res id en ts in the country, or h ua . 'ten interested in its affairs." As the first that has been published on the subject of (1 0 , 4 ,` at e expedition, the one before us will, no 4 1.;'''t, be read with eagerness ; and it will not si t i : lli fi rei_i i) :l l l: l : expectation, for it is written in a p ar , Perspicuous style, and relates events, ap- Without prejudice or exaggeration. His th e u sil!p CatllttlellceS with some observations on th e 7.,1ti . rC o bJeet of the ourse of policy pursued by tt autlio.es, bserving,— flatter the national vanity of the people, and to sink ()Lied l itmde nations,' or barbarians' in their eyes, is the great R AI o' all Chinese policy ;to effect which they hold a lan -8.,,1ge of bombast in all communications with Foreign Powers, i:hlrivroe.pf.rt:se:t in their public chops, or decrees, our trade as of importance to their country. As long as the prcs- O t overnment finds a compensation . in their minds p,, e t 'e indulgence of their national vanity, so long may . the 442 nit system continue; but should the trade be entirely „sz;.. and thus millions be thrown out of employment, then, queu e w ant and st arva ti on s t a lk gauntly throughthe land, th e b e o!.'onwill arise of Why ? and that word onee uttered, will f e si gnal of the overthrow of the fresent dynasty." ti o n ref erence to the long agitated opium clues w 11 ) Lord Jocelyn tells us—which, by the bye, i o a4 Pret!y w e ll k nown b e f ore —that as this nox sills dru g i s only disposed of in excha n g e f or IT ", it is a dread of the p au city of this precious Lnetal that has struck the Chinese statesmen allor e than the ha rm it has inflicted on the people. ~: 11es of en DO e bee 4 ~esterw hich ;urats , nape' ed b o ' mica' 102; '; 78i' e ' 294 stern' J i iI - - - As for stopping the opium traffic, this, we are assured, is impossible ; no measures, however severe, can entirely succeed; thousands are ready to risk their lives to procure the drug, and there are thousands who, from long habit., would, if deprived of it, prefer to be in their graves. Here is a striking account of a Chinese opium smoking : house : • •. . • , " One of the objects that I had the curiosity to visit, was the opium-smoker in his heaven ; and certainly it is a most fearful sight, although perhaps not so degrading to the eye as the drunkard from spirits, lowered to the level of the bru'e, and wallowing in his filth. The idiot smile and death-like stupor, however, of the opium debauchee has something far more awful to the gaze than the bestiality of the latter. Pity, if possible, takes the place of other feelings, as we watch the faded cheek and haggard look of the being abandoned to the power of the drug; while disgust is uppermost at the sight of the human creature levelled to the beast by intoxication. The rooms where the Chinese sit and smoke are surrounded by wooden couches, with places for the head to rest upon, and generally a side-room is devoted to gambling. The pipe is a reed of about an inch in diameter, and the aper ture of the bowl for the a .mission of the opium is not larg e than a pin's head. The drug is prepared with some kind of conserve, and a very small portion is sufficient to charge it, one or two whiffs being the utmost that can be inhaled from a single pipe; and the smoke is taken into the lungs, as from the hookah in, India. On a beginner one or two pipes will have an effect, but an old stager will continue smoking for hours. At the head of each couch is placed a small lamp, as fire must be hold to the drug during the process of inhaling; and from the difficulty of filling and properly lighting the pipe, there is generally a perssn who waits upon the smoker, to per form the office. A few days of this fearful luxury, when taken to excess, will give a pallid and haggard look to the face - ;and a few months, or even weeks, will change the strong and healthy man into little better than an idiot skeleton. The pain they suffer when deprived of the drug, after long habit, no language can explain • and it is only when to a certain degree under its influence, that their faculties are alive. In the houses devoted to their ruin, these infatuated people may be seen at nine o'clock in the evening in all the different stages. Some enter ing half- distracted, to feed the craving appetite they had been obliged to subdue during the day ; others laughing and talking wildly, under the effects of a first pipe ; while the couches round are filled with their different occupants, who lie languid, with an idiot smile on their countenance, too much under the influence of the drug to care for passing events, and fast verg ing towards the wished-for consummation. The last scene in this tragic play is generally a room in the rear of the building, a species of dead-house, where lie stretched those who have passed into that state of bliss the opium-eater madly seeks—an emblem of the long sleep to which he is madly hurrying." The above spirited sketch will remind the reader of similar scenes described in " Anas tasius," and the- -" Autobiography of an English Opium-eater," and also of 1)r. Madden's account of the opium-smokers at Constantinople. Of Singapore, where Lord Jocelyn made a short halt, he tells us, that though the town has not existed above twenty years, yet already the trade is nearly equal to that of Bombay; and that a chief feature, which shows its late origin from the wilds, is the number of tigers that still roam about the purlieus of the town, entering even the gardens and compounds of the inhabitants, as if loth to leave their ancient domains. Not far from Singapore there exists, it seems, a curious tribe, named Bennas, who infest the jungles, and are supposed to be the aborigines of the country. They seldom come down into the snore civilised parts of the continent, unless caught and forcibly detained. Their stature is rarely above four feet four ; and when the chil dren reach the age of manhood, they destroy their parents to make way for their own genera tion; and the skulls of their deceased parents are the only tokens that they keep to remind them of the authors of their being, and their unnatural fate. We close our hasty notice with an account of the capture of Chusan, shortly after which event Lord Jocelyn quitted the ex pedition, and returned home : During the whole of that night the shore presented a most beautiful spectacle, the hills around and suburbs appearing a moving mass of variegated light. In China no individual ever moves out at night without these painted lanterns, carrying them in their hands, or on short bamboos. By their help we could perceive that crowds were busy throwing up some more of their wretched embankments, and placing gingalls and fresh guns in position. The merchant-junks were faintly seen, through the shades of darkness, heaving up their heavy anchors, and stealing silently through the fleet, laden half-way up their masts with goods and merchandise, and crowded with women and children : these were allowed to pass without molesta tion, although in their cargoes many a captain might have made his fortune. None can deny that every leniency was shown, and every endeavour made, compatible with his posi tion, by the Commodore commanding, to save an effusion of the blood of these infatuated people. In the first place, as they most justly observed, it seemed hard that they should be made to suffer for the sins of the Canton -Government, and we had no injuries to revenge personally upon them ; in the second place, our force was numerically so much superior, that they would lose nothing in their own eyes by being defeated, when victory on their part was impossible ; thirdly, more was likely to be gained at a spot which it was then hoped might prove at a fu ture day an eligible seat for our commerce, by conciliation, an gentle endeavours, leaving no rankling reminiscences on th.: minds of the people. If a blow became necessary, it would have far more effect, if struck at some point where the Chi nese considered themselves most invulnerable, and where, there fore, it wou'd become more awakening to their vanity and self opinion. However, it happened otherwise ; and the morning of the sth of July, 1840, was the day fated for her Majesty's flag to wave over the most beautiful island appertaining to the Celestial Empire, the first European banner that has floated as conqueror over the " Flowery Land." The dawn of day brought.rnuch.the same spectacle as the preceding, excepting that a few guns were mounted en the Jos-house hill, and the mandarins were seen actively employed ranning about along the wharfs. Soon afterwards they were remarked to take their different stands with the troops, one among them with his party in the martello tower being particularly conspi cuous. The war-junks were drawn up and crowded with men. The British men-of-war were lying in line, with their larboard broad-sides towards the town, at the distance of two hundred yards from the wharf and foot of the hill. They consisted of the Wellesley, 74; Conway and Alligator, 28; Cruiser and Al gerine, 18 ; and ten gun-brigs. At eight o'clock the signal was hoisted to prepare for action ; still, however, time was given by the Commodore, hoping to the last they would repent, and it was not until two o'clock that the troops left the transports in the boats of the squadron, and took up their position in two lines in rear of the men-of-war, to land under cover of the fire. At half-past two the Wellesley fired a gun at the mar tello tower : this was immediately returned by the whole line of junks, and the guns on the causeway and the hill ; then the shipping opened their broadsides upon the town, and he crashing of timber, falling houses, and groans of men, re sounded from the shore. The firing lasted on our side for nine minutes, but even after it had ceased a few shots were still heard from the unscathed junks. When the smoke cleared away a mass of ruin presented itself to the eye, and on the place lately alive with men, none but a few wounded were to be seen; but crowds were visible in the distance, flying in all directions. A few were distinguished carrying the wounded from the junks into the town, and our friend the Chum in was seen borne from his vessel by a faithful few, having lost his leg in the action by a round shot. It is as well here to mention that he was taken to Ningpo, a town en the opposite island, and although honours were heaped upon him for his gallant, but unavailing defence, he survived but a few days to wear them. Before the last shot was fired tha General and his staff left the Wellesley, the boats with the troops following in their wake, cheering the men-of-war as they passed through, the sailors returning the hurrahs through the ports. We landed on a deserted beach; a few dead bodies, bows and arrows, broken spears and guns , rem a inin g t h e sole oc cu p ants of the field. The men arriving from the boats formed along the causeway in line, and the 18th advanced up the steps lead ing to the temple on the hill. On reaching the summit we distinguished the inner town, which had not been visible from the shipping : it was situated in a hollow in rear of the mount, and the bird's-eye view was very picturesque. On the walls were seen the banners of the Chinese soldiery, whilst the men crowded along the ramparts, beating their tomtoms and gongs, beckoning us with their hands to the attack as the troops be came visible to them on the hill. They opened their wretched wall-pieces, which, from their construction, can neither tra verse nor be depressed, and which, being charged with a bad description of powder, did no damage to the force. In the course of two hours from the time of leaving the ships, the Madras artillery had four guns in position, and fired a few shells into the town; the advanced picquets were posted, and the Chinese fired upon the reconnoitring parties fram the walls wherever they became visible. The evening began to close in, and the commanding officers were desired to seek covering for the men, as Brig. -Gen. Burrell had determined not to attack the town before the following morning. Until ten o'clock that night the Chinese kept up a dropping fire, under cover of which they afterwards appeared to have deserted the town. During the evening the civil magistrate and some of his officers were killed by our shells, and the Governor drowned himself in a tank when accused of cowardice by his people. On the following morning the desertion of the place became visible from the heights ; and through the long vistas of the valleys thousands were seen flying, carrying their goods and chattels along with them. The bridge across the outer-ditch having been demolished the previous evening, the troops were brought to a momentary halt ; the great gate of the town, too, was found to be barricadoed, and the wall which surrounded the city to be of great strength. It was, however, soon scaled, and in a few minutes the banner of England was floating over the Chinese city of Tinghai ; the ramparts were found strewed with pikes, matchlocks, and a species of fire-rocket, arrow headed ; and on the parapets, packets of quick-lime were packed up, to blind the eyes of the barbarians, had they endea voured to mount the walls. LITERARY FUND SOCIETY. Yesterday, the Annual General Meeting of the Sub scribers to this inestimable Charity, was held in the Society's Rooms, Great Russell-street, Sir W. Chat terton, Bart., Vice-President, in the Chair. The at tendance of Members was very numerous. Mr. Blewitt, Secretary, read the Report. It appeared that tho charity was progressing in influence and usefulness. During the past year 8831. had been distributed in grants for the relief of distressed authors, their widows, and orphans, making a total of 27,043/. 9s. expended for that humane purpose from the first establishment of the Society. The subscriptions and donations for the past year amounted to 890/. 15s. 6d. The Marquis of Lansdowne was re-elected President. The Vice Presidents were also re-elected, and till va cancy caused by the death of Lord Henley was filled up by the election of Henry Hallam, Esq. The vacancies in the Council were supplied by Dr. W. C. Taylor, and B. Whitaker, Esq., and the vacancies in the Go• neral Committe e were filled up by the election of Viscount Fitz dan, M.P., the Rev. H. H. Milman, and the Rev. Dr. Russell. The other officers, the Honorary Secretary, Mr. Tooke, and the Honorary Surveyor, Mr. H. Rhodes, were re-elected. Thanks were voted to the Auditors and Chairman, and the meeting sepa rated. WATERLOO BRIDGE.—The petition presented by Mr. Thincomhe for throwing open Waterloo, South wark, and Vauxhall Bridges tell free, was not, as reported, from " Rotherhilie," or " a place in Soutbwsrk," os stated in the reports, but from the ‘• Coach and Omnibus Proprietors of London and its Suburbs." REPRESENTATION OF LONDON.--Mr. Home, the eminent bookseller, of Cheipside, intends to -offer himself as a candidate on the Liberal interest, in op position to Sir Peter Laurie. CHINA, AND INDIA, EGYPT. By an extraordinary express from Marseilles we have received intelligence from Chusan, November 24, Ma.. cao, December 18, Calcutta, January 22, Bombay, Feb. 1, and Alexandria, February 24. The great object of interest in the intelligence received by this express is the state of the British relations with the Chinese Government. The negotiations up to the 18th of December, which is the date of the latest news from Macao, appear to have produced nothing, for the Chinese seem desirous of shuffling and delay. A:I ne aPi tulation of the leading events subsequent to the end of October may be useful. On the 6th of November Admiral Elliot issued a notice at Chusan to the British there, stating that a truce had been concluded with the Chinese, binding, them within certain limits, the British boundaries being Chusan and the small islands adjacent. This notice was accompa nied with a recommendation to endeavour to conciliate the Chinese. The other Plenipotentiary, Captain Elliot, issued a circular, declaring that the interests of the Bri tish at Chusan should be attended to during the negotia tions. In the meantime a dreadful mortality diminished the troops there. The Admiral, with a considerable portion of the squad ron, arrived on the 20th of November at Tongkoo. On the 21st Captain Elliot proceeded in the Queen steamer towards the Bogue forts, in order to deliver a lean. for Keshen. A boat was sent off with a flag of truce flying, but it was fired at by the Chinese from the forts. The boat returned, and several shots were fired at the steamer, one of which struck her. Two shells were thrown into the fort from the steamer, which then rejoined the squadron. Captain Elliot wentsufasequently to Macao, and by some secret means contriud to send the letter. An apology was demanded for the insult to the flag of truce, which, after some delay, was assented to by Keshen. On the 26th of November preparations were made for an attack on the Bogue forts, as Keshen was suspected of producing unnecessary delay. He, however, made his public entry into Canton, having taken care to give pre vious notice of his arrival to the Admiral. On the 29th of November the Admiral, on the ground of serious in disposition from palpitation of the heart, resigned the command of the expedition to Commodore Sir J. J. Gor don Bremer, and sailed for England on board the Volage. Tho proceedings at Canton have since been strange. Keshen, on the ground that the people were opposed to his going to communicate in person with the outside ba-- barians, is said to have declared that he bad no interview with them at Peiho, and sent two subordinate mandarins to confer with Captain Elliot. Some efforts were made to liberate Mr. Stanton, which were successful. Nothing is known of the other prisoners. Threats are stated to have been used by the Commo dore, whose nomination to the command has been hailed by all the British at Macao, that unless Keshen would be gin the negotiations in reality, recourse would be had to hostilities. The 14th and 17th of December had been named as the days of attack ; but on the 13th Captain Elliott went to Macao, and told the merchants that the negotiations were still open. The Admiral left Singapore for England on the 20th of December. In India tranquillity prevails now. Nusseer Khan and all the Belocchee tribes are suing for peace. General Brookes with his troops was to arrive at Baugh on the 17th ult., where arrangements for a general pacification of these districts were to be made. In Affghanistan there is some confusion ; the Duralccs are dissatisfied with Schah Soojah, who is said to be in deli cate health. Dost Mohamed and his family hiving passed through Lahore, are now in India. The Government of Herat is disposed to treat the British with justice and kindness, particularly as Persia is likely to excite great attention, as a rebellion and an at tempt on the throne are about to break out there. The news from the Punjaub represents matters there as undecided. The widow of Kurruck Singh holds the sceptre, fur her rival, Shere Singh, is said to have neither talents nor courage. Intrigues of all kinds are at work, and the interference. within a short time, of the British authorities appears inevitable. In Nepaul the spirit of the soldiery is highly adverse to the British, and is pruved by various acts verging on hos tilities. The Commander-in-Chief of the Madras army, Sir S. F. Whittingham, died of apoplexy on the 19k h ult. He has been succeeded, ad interim, by Major-General Allen, during the absence of Sir Robert Dick, the senior officer. Great apprehension prevails respecting the Gol conda transport, which took soldiers for China from Ma dras in September, and has not been heard of since she passed Singapore. In the month of November, S'r Lionel Smith, the Go vernor of the Mauritius, found himself obliged, from the conduct adopted by the French Governor of Bourbon, to issue a proclamation, ordering all the French aliens to pre pare to leave that colony until the question of peace or war be better decided. The French frigate Magicienne was lost near Palavoan on the 27th of November. The crew was saved by two English vessels. The Governor of Bombay, Sir J. R. Carnac, accompanied by his family, proceeded on tha 21st ult. in the yacht Prince Regent to Tankaria Bunder, whence they were to go to Baroda. The affairs of the Guicowar are said to have occasioned this visit to the capital of his country. The news of the revolt of the Duranees against Sehab Soojab, whieb was discovered in time, is much talked of. The Daranees were the great supporters of Sehah Soojab. Their revolt had great ramifications. The troops from Scinde are in movement towards Quetta, for the purpose of aiding in crushing it at once. The Bombay army west of the Indus have during some months been anxious to enter on operations. They have now a wide field. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY, MARCH 11,1841 CHINA. CHUSAN, Nov. 7, 1840. There has not bean a ship in for the 1 ist six or eight weeks, and there is not much prospect of one at present, as the monsoon is dead against any vessel getting here. Since my last letter, sickness and misery have much increased amongst us, and death is daily making further ravages ; but do not imagine that we are the only sufferers, for the other regiments, in proportion to their strength, have been the victims to disease nearly as much as we have. The 45th have lost 45 men, the 18th 29, and the Bengal Volunteers 70. Our being so much more unhealthy than the other regiments arose frora our being encamped on a high hill, at least a mile and a half from the shore, whence the men were daily obliged to bring their proehions for a length of time, and, although they went down early in the morning in the hope of getting back before the heat of the day ; yet they were frequently obliged to wait lingering on the beach for several hours before the boats brought the rations from the ships, and when they did come there was no alternative but to ascend the hill, heavily laden under a burning sun, and unfit for the work from inanition ; be sides this, the duty fell heavy on us and the volunteers, as the 42d being on shipboard took no duty, and the 18th had only then two companies. The 49th disembarked on the sth of August, and were encamped at a place called West Point, where their provisions were brought to them by waiters, which relieved them from much labour. The 18th were quartered on the beach, and had no hard work, and the whole of them had not art itel The duty and constant fatigue parties from the hill to the beach, and the insufficient and unwholesome provisions, have completely knccked our men down. Fresh pork was indeed issued twice a week, bat this came too late to be of any service, even if it had been wholesome, but it was of such a soft and flabby nature that the men could not eat it, though impelled by hunger to eat almost any thing. We just now get f esh beef twice a week, but it has as yet effected no favourable change. You now see the good, or !Alter bad reasons, why death and sickness have been so busy with us. Whether Etet.er arrangements could not have been made is not for me to determine. I have stated general facts. It was reported the other day that the Admiral said " He had never seen a more helpless set of men than us." We are, indeed, helpless now, but who has made us so? When this re mark was made we had 500 sick, and more than 100 dead. We brought 900 men on shore, and never were men in better condition ; all we have now remaining, taking off the non commissioned officers, band, and servants, is about 150 men for duty, and many of these more or less ill Graves are for ever open, and those who assist in paying the last duties to their ill-fated companions look as if they would soon follow. _ _ (From another Correspondent.) CIIUS•N, Nov. 10. Our men continue desperately ill, and are dying fast. I was present at the burial of seven in one afternoon. When this sickness will stop God only knows. There seems to be a fatal indifference to our sufferings. Eleven officers have applied for leave to go to Calcutta, but have not ob tained it. (Extracts from a Private Letter.) " Her Majesty's ship Wellesley, Tongkoo Bay, Nov. 23. " We arrived here only two days ago with the lk e, 1 Lville (flag-ship), Blenheim, and Modesto, leaving at thelseati lential island of Chusan the Blonde (in command), Con way, Alligator, Nimrod, Pylades, and Algerine ; and steamers Atalanta and Madagascar, far the general pro tection, if necessary ; but a truce between the Imperial High Commissioner and the Admiral was agreed to on the 6th instant, pending the negotiations between the two countriez, and supplies in abundance of bullocks, sheep, poultry, and other essentials have already been sup plied to the island by the authorities of Ningpo, and one cannot but hope that those fresh provisions may tend to arrest the awful mortality which for so long a time has teen daily thinning the ranks of our gallant military comrades on shore, said to be attributable, with other co-operating causes, to the bad salt provisions and flour supplied to them from Calcutta. The following is a copy of the officio' account of the military de ths to the 11th of November, two days before our sailing for Tongkoo :- 44 DEATHS FROM AGUE, FEVER, AND DYSENTERY, IN THE LAND FORCES AT CIIUSAN, FROM THEIR ARRIV4L ON THE STH OF JULY TO I ITH OF NOVEMBER, 1840, INCLUSIVE. fij -2O - 5 4 2 ,—; EUROPEAN TROOPS. = E ..6 . . .2 .2 ..2 'a 18th Royal Irish 26th Cameronians..... 896 37 82 42 161 49th Regiment ..... Madras Artillery u E n ' t r e I t e r 0 s 0 r i i : 6 2 32 : 3 7 29 2 4 9 0 252 9413 1 •.. ... 1 Ben .N gal A N Tl Ol ' I G l u a n dr L as as S c a a px . r . s . ..: .. : .. : 67 ... ... ... ... Tnt n 1 } 3,420 112 184 103 309 Tot al .................. " It Rill be observed that amongst tl , e Madras'Sappers the mortality is considerably less than in the Beligal Va. lunteers. The difference is ascribed to the men of the for mer corps being of a low caste, and consequently partaking largely of animal food. " Exclusive of these severe losses, more than 200 tave been invalided from the service, and upwards of 400 con valescents are embarked in the Rattlesnake and some trans ports, and have proceeded for change of air to Manilla. The 26th regiment exists but in name. They muster only 100 men for duty and 500 are still in the hospital ; the cases of many, too many, are quite hopeless. All the troops are now quartered in houses in the city and suburbs. The 18th have always been under roof, the 26th, 49tb, and Artillery until recently under canvass. I should think from the whole force only about 500 or 600 men could be collected for service, and this must be of a mo derate and not of a severe description. The capital of Chu san is entirely surrounded by paddy fields or swamps, the miasma from which is always destructive to European constitutions. The ships have all been un healthy with diarrhea, but few deaths have followed. We lost off the Peiho river one midshipman, and two seamen have since died. In the south-west monsoon the whole of the Chinese coast to the southward of Canton is pestilential. We proceeded to the mouth of the Peiho, about 90 miles from Pekin, and two months slipped away in what I yet fear may prove useless negot;atsus. The Chinese were remarkably civil, and we were liberally sup plied by them with bullocks, sheep, poultry, flour, and fruit. Our anchorage was in about 38 deg. 55m, N. lat. ; long. 118 deg. E. ; weather generally fiae and cool. " Oa Friday the Queen steamer proceeded to the entrance of the Bogue with Captain Pleaipo E liot, on some matter connected with the pending negotiations and bearing a diplomatic chop fsr the Emperor's High Commissioner. The battery fired at the steamer, and at a boat bearing a flag of truce. One shot struck the Queen amidships, but fortunately hurt no one. The steamer immediately returned the fire, and Captain El liot rejoined the Admiral. Since this a mandarin has had an interview with Captain Elliot at Macao, ex pressing the greatest regret at the circumstance. He re turned to Canton with the letter alluded to, but the Admi ral will not accept a verbal apology for the great insult perpetrated on the flag, and has signified to the Chinese authorities at Canton, than unless an ample written apo logy be promptly conveyed to him for the outrage com mitted, he shall immediately adopt severe measures against them, which means, I imagine, an attack on the Bogue forts, aud, if such should be the result, what six precious months have been wasted and lost 1 I have always been of opinion that we began at the wrong end; we should have well cudgelled the long-tails at first, and reasoned (treat ed) with them afterwards. Tlae , Columbine is now wait ing at the mouth of the Bogue for a reply to the Admiral's demand. Peace or war may hang on it. " P. S. Nov. 24.—Great and early bustle this morning. The Calliope, the Larne, the Hyacinth, and the Queen, steamers, are gone to the Bogue. It is in vain to conjec ture the cause, but it looks feverish, and prompt remedies are always the most efficacious. The following are the ships comprising the squadron at Tongkoo :—the Melville, the Wellesley, the Blenheim, the Herald, the Semarang, the Druid, the Modeste, and the Jupiter, troop-ship." GENERAL MEMORANDUM. MELVILLE, CIII3iAN, NOV, 6, 1840. The Commander-in-Chief has now to give notice to the expedition that a truce has been agreed to between the Imperial High Commissioner and himself, pending the net gotiations between the two countries. The terms of this are generally—neither party are to ad vance beyond the boundary assigned to him, and that native intercourse is not to be interrupted. The English boundary has been defined as taking in the island of Chusan, and the small islands immediately adja cent, including all within a line round the Elephant, Towerhill, Blackwall, Fisher's Island, Poototoayinshin, forming one side of the south-east passage of Dalrymple's chart, and Deer island. The Commander-in-Chief has, therefore, to call upon all persons connected with the expedition, on visiting these islands, not to go beyond these boundaries, or in any way to interfere with the Chinese, so as to give just cause of complaint that the truce is not strictly maintained, The Commander-in-Chief is also glad to avail himself of this opportunity of recording the satisfaction he has felt at finding that a nearer friendly intercourse is opening with the Chinese, and, considering how very much the comforts and conveniences of the expedition depend on the exten sion of such intercourse, he calls with confidence upon every officer and gentleman in the expedition to aid him in cultivating a good understanding with the people. GEORGE ELLIOT, Rear-Admiral and Commander-in-Chief. CANTON. (From the Calcutta Courier.) MACAO, Dec. 3, 1840. We regret to inform you, that in consequence of the sudden and severe return of an old complaint---palpitation of the beart—Admiral Elliot on the 29th ult. resigned the command of the expedition to the next in seniority, Sir J. J. Gordon Bremer, and intends proceeding borne in her Ma jesty's ship Volage, Capt. George Elliot, immediately ex pected back from Manilla. The powers plenipotentiary of the Admiral devolve singly on his colleague, Captain Charles Elliot, Chief Superintendent. On the 24th ult. her Majesty's ship Blenheim proceeded to the Bogue, and has since been followed by nearly all the squadron and about 400 Madras Sepoys, to be ready on his arrival to take the forts, in case of any undue delay on the part of the Chinese in going on with the promised negotiations ; there having been reason to suppose that their plenipotentiary Kishen end purposely delaying his arrival. But on the 29th, having previously sent officers to congratulate the Admiral on his arrival, he made his public entry at Canton, whence, it is supposed he will im mediately proceed to the Bogus, and perhaps come on to Macao, where Commodore Bremer and Captain Elliot DOW are. Some of our neighbours having addressed the Admiral to inquire about the state of affairs, we forward extracts of their letter with his reply, the only important point of which is, that he declares the truce at Chusan as entirely local, and no way interfering with the blockade of this river, which for the present is not to be raised. Several Americans have proceeded to Canton to prepare for the resumption of business ; but the opinion we have always expressed that this cannot take place without some previous fighting is becoming every day more firmly fixed in the minds of the foreign community, more especially since the Admiral's resignation, which the Chinese will doubtless c3nsider a special interposition of Providence in their favour, as in the case of Lord Napier. The conciliatory disposition which Kishen is said to have evinced at the Peiho is by no means concurred in by the local functionaries and people of Canton, who are muc's exasperated to find that in the public documents that had been issued, the Chinese and English nations are fur the first time mentioned in terms denoting equality. This pre posterous arroganee must he subdued before any good re sults can be al riled at. The following is the cmmunication of Admiral Elliot, from a Canton Register, of the Ist of December, making known his resignation • as also the correspondence which has passed between the Admiral and the merchants. " Her Majesty's Ship Melville, off Lintin, " Nov. 29, 1840. " Gentlemen,—lt is my painful task to announce to the merchant., and her Majesty's subjects in general, that sud. den and severe illness has this day led the Hon. the Rear- Admiral to resign the command of the expedition into the hands of Commodore Sir J. J. Gordon Bremer. " It would be intrusive to dwell for one moment upon my own feelings of deep private &Arose on this occasion; and I hope I need not trouble you with excuses for these few observations on the subject of my honoured relative's retirement. It remains to say, that I have been trained in too long a course of anxiety and trial in this country, I repose too steady a confidence in the assistance of every kind by which I am surrounded, to lose heart under the weight of this serious aggravation of responsibility and this heavy personal blow. My firm reliance on the plain good sense of ail classes of her Majesty's subjects, and their manly cc-operation for tha security of the public honour and in terests, are an additional support to me. " May I request you, Gentlemen, to cause this letter to to be circulated and published. I have, &c., " CHARLES ELLIOT, One of her Majesty's Plenipotentiaries and Chief Superintendent of British Trade in China." " To Messrs Jardine Matheson and Co., Dent and Co., and the British Merchants and her Majesty's subjects in general." "TO HIS EXCELLENCY REAR-ADMIRAL THE HON. GEORGE ELLIOT, COMM ANDER-IN.CHIEF, &C. " Sir,—We, the undersigned British merchants, re- siding in Macao, beg leaver to address your Excellency on the subject of the present state of our relations with the Chinese. " Convinced as we are that the welfare of the British trade with China must have your Excellency's most anxious attention, and that the interests of those concerned in that trade, both on the spot and at a distance, receive every consideration, we should most reluctantly appear prema turely to se,k for information which your Excellency might deem it inexpedient at this moment to communicate. di B u t we may be allowed to point out to your Excel .bellency that the complete uncertainty which existed for several months past, both as regards the actual proceed ings in China, and the views and intentions of the Brltith Government with regardto the trade, has occasioned a heavy accumulation o f afloat nnessarily incurs heavy charges British property, partly in ships afloat at the outer anc horage, and partly at Macao, the ultimate disposal of which is involved at present in the demurrage of the ships duty to the Portuguese Government ; and the property at e of warehouse rent, independent of the charges to which it must be subject before it can enter for con fgamrnrueda, at, c a e t aT e xot t hp t ieees d n o lsi v a b b t l doubt. propertyt o Excellency since the notice of con sumption in China. . _ " Your Excellency will, we feel assured, allow that the egitish community in China, having received no o ffi cial communication of the intentions of the British Govern mentblockade, 20th of June, 1840, are only discharging as agents to parties at a distance, in now uthnediunde r r dutyo date o f t y h o e u r soli citing such information a s may enable th em to di spose o f the property under their charge in the be s t p ossi bl e manner. " We hope, therefor! , we shall not be deemed to exceed the bounds of our legitimate duties in submitting to your Excellency the following inqu iries:— I. Whether it is contemp late d to r emove t h e blockade of the pert of Canto n until definit ive arrangeme n t s b e ma d e outside wi with of h the the Chineseßritish tr ade, or whether th e truce reporte d G ov ernment for t h e di rect resump tion in a public notice iss ued at Chucan a pp lies solely to that .. Whetheritehuanstebrneapniadtecdtertmhaint,eduntdheart any y e Britishaltered state of circumstance s, 2 trade shall be carried on Tigris, or if itrngilnihfu_tute ships may again then proceed Bocce ed is within the Bogue, and whether, p as a temorary a - - rangement, the British trade may be carried on through Macao. xcellenc y cannot at prese n t re ply And in case your E directly to the inquirie s whether, in the opinion of your Excellency, it is expedient that the British merchants should for the precept keep their goods on board ship at the outer anchorages, or should land the property at Macao, subject to the duty levied by the Portuguese Go vernment. " The importance of the interests under our charge, and the anxiety we feel to fulfil our duty to the parties con cerned will, w e trust, plead our excuse for trespassing on your Excellency's time at this period. " We have the honour to be, &c. " Dent and Co. " Macvicar and Co. " Bell and Co. " Macao, Nov. 25, 1840." " Dirom and Co. "Gribble, liughea and Co. HIS EXCIILLZNCY'S REPLY. " The Melville, Tongkoo Bay, Nov. 26, 1840. " Gentlemen,—ln answer to your letter of Wednesday, I regret to say I can only give you an answer to one of your queries—namely, with regard to the truce agreed to at Chusan. It was entered into with the Governor-General of that province, and does not extend further. " I am perfectly aware, Gentlemen, of the state of anxiety the mercantile interests must be in to know what is • likely to take place, and shall t a k e care t o give the earliest intimation in my power of anything bearing on such in terest; but at present I am m y se lf i gnoran t o f th e inten tions cf the Chinest Government, and can therefore only express my hopes that your suspense will now be of short duration. " I bay., the honour to be, ". Gentlemen, your very obedient servant, " GEORGE ELLIOT, " Riar-Adthirar and' Commander-in-Chia." Messrs. Dent and Co., and others, merchants, Macao." In reference to the retirement of Admiral Elliot, we in this place insert the following letter : TO HIS EXCELLENCY CAPTAIN CHARLES 'ELLIOT, 0 1 -Nw4 ONE OP HER MAJESTY'S PLENIPOTENTIARIES, AND= ()HIRE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE BRITISH TRADE IN CHINA., " Sir,—We have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's letter under date the 29th ult., which, in accordance wish your desire, we have circulated and caused to be published in the newspapers here. " We be g distressing cause express our "deep regret for the distrsing cause of the Hon. the Rear-Admiral's retirement from the command of the expedition, and to offer our condolence on the occasion, with our sincere wishes for the early restora tion of his Excellency's health. " It will be unnecessary for us to assure your Excellency that her Majesty's authorities in China may rely with con fidence on the cordial co-operation of all British subjects in the support of measures for the security of British honour and interest. _ _ _ " We take advantage of this occasion to request your Excellency will be pleased to convey to the Commander of the Expedition, Commodore Sir J. J. Gordon Bremer, our sentiments of high respect. " We have the honour to be, Sir, your Excellency's most obedient huinble servants " Jardine, Ylatbeson, and W. C. Le Geyt. Dirom and Co. Dent and Co. Robert Webster. Lindsay and Co. W. and T. Gemmel and Co. Fox, Rawson, and Co. D. and M. Rustonjee and Co. Pat. Stewart. Turner and Co. Holliday, Wise, and Co. Wilkson, Dent. Macvicar and Co. Meerwanjee Jejeebhoe. Innes, Fletcher, and Co. John Rickctt. John A. Mercer. Jamieson and Howe. Bell and Co. Gribble, Hughes, and Co. Daniell and Co. (per pro.) " Macao, Dec. 4, 1840," — Canton Register, Dec. 8. COMMUNICATION FROM THE FIRST LORD OF THE ADMIRALTY TO THE EMPEROR OF CHINA. ( From the Canton Free Press ) The following document may be in part trusted, although the Chinese copyist performed his task in evident baste. It is most strange that there i 3 no mention of the murderous attack on the Black Joke : _ Earl Minto, First Lord of the Admiralty of England, respectfully reports, at the foot of the throne of the Em. peror (great supreme ruler) of the great and pure king. dem,— " I, Minto, have received my Sovereign's commands (literally, the commands of the ruler--wang—regulus—of my poor or worthless country) to unite with the military Commander-in-Chief Pookcenle (?) to order troops to be embarked on board her Majesty's ships of war, and to pro ceed to your honourable country, for these reasons: " In the past year the English superintendent of trade and the English merchants trading in your honourable country were subjected to unreasonable insults and dis graces by the imperial commissioner Lin, and Tang, the Governor of Canton, the few being insulted and oppressed by the many. Moreover, when the merchants of our worthless nation arrived in Canton they have, when inno cent, in many instances been insulted and oppressed by the superior officers of the Chinese. "' But I consider that it is absolutely necessary to choose harbours and encampments for the safety of the ships and troops: this is a matter of the very highest im. portance. On mature consideration, as the superior offi cers of all the provinces have already closed the passages, and trade is not permitted, I find it will be impossible to offer up any words, as they will refuse to receive any state meat to be reported ; and certainly, if we thus mutually withstand each other, we must be engaged in hostilities. On these accounts it was necessary to order the fleet to go straight to Tinbac, In order to obtain places of safety for the ships and troop!. "„' Last year the High Commissioner Lin had not been many days in Canton when one of the first thins he did was to surround all the foreigners by a land and water. guard and confine them to their factories; he then stoppe'd the trade and all egress and ingress, cut off the supplies of provisions, and extorted the delivery of the smoking earth that was 'on board the ships anchored in - the offing, and he limited the number of days in which the surrender should be completed, failing which he wanted to cut (off heads) and to kill (life) • but if within the limited time the sur render was completed he would then permit trading. " I humbly think that the new laws of your honourable country with reference to the buying and selling of the smoking earth—that, as it is already forbidden and cut off, no man will dare to seli it, and also foreigners will not bring it again ; or, should any foolish persons bring it, still no man will dare to buy it ; then in bringing it, where will be the adiantage ? " . Further, the opium that was surrendered last .year was outside, and had not been brought into China, and the foreign merchants were wholly unable to introduce it through any of the inlets; and they, being utterly help less, the two superior officers ) Lin and Tang, in extort ing from the English merchants their opium ; if they did not slaughter, strived to starve them to death; and although the English did not fear to die, )et hunger and thirst are difficult to bear until death by starva tion ensues. They could only suppress their feelings arid restrain their anger at the manner in which it (the opium) had been extorted. Afterwards, again talking and consulting, how it could be calculated that after the opium bad been extorted suddenly a bond should he demanded, exacting that if hereafter on examination smuggled opium should be detected on board any ship, the entire cargo shall be confiscated and the supercargo executed'— such are the words—' that prohibited goods should be confiscated and the supercargo and ship not be allowed to trade, but driven out :' these regulations have been in force among the foreigners of all nations from ancient times until now ; but as to the clause of capital punishment, from an cient times until now the punishment of death has never been inflicted upon foreigners. " Further, if among many ships and a multitude of men, one in a thousand, by cance one or two sailors are degene rate, and selfishly smuggle opium,whstht r in a great or small quantity, the whole of the cargo is to be confiscated, and the parties also to be cruelly put to death. It was upon these accounts that the Chief Superintendent (Elliot), in conjunction with all the foreign merchants, unitedly refused to give the bond in toto. " Lin and Tang, because the many foreigners would not submit, and because the) did not obtain the duly prepared bond, immediately closed the passages and stopped the trade. I humbly consider that the English nation have received, and been grateful for a commercial intercourse for a hundred and several tens of years ; and in the trans. actions of commerce how will there not be credits? Now, reckoning up what the Hong merchants of your honour able country owe already, the sum exceeds sense millions. Now, iu one day to close the passages, and prevent all trade, is further doing incalculable injuries to the goods laden on board ships bound to Canton; the English mer chants are by these measures losing their capital; and what can be said (in defence) of this ? " Further, after the passeges,were closed, Lin and Tang blamed Elliott on account of the bond, and after wards, when merchant vessels arrived, and were willing to submit to be parched to see whether or not they were smuggling opium when they were to enter the port, and not to b e - driven away and forbidden to trade (the chief superintendent being without resource or remedy), Lin and Tang departed from their former words, changed tneir minds, broke their engagements, and pertinaciously ad hered to the demand for the voluntary bond which con tained the clause on capital punishment. Afterwards, when Elliot and others again politely begged to state cir cumstances—being without resource—Ling and Tang de cidedly refused to receive their statements. Af.er the passages were closed in the past year, an English frigate arrived in the waters of Canton, and her captain requested a discussion on the. circumstances of closing the .passages, in order that they might be re opened; but Lin and Tang not , only refused to receive his represeatati 0, but they ordered the admiral to lead on his forces, and fight (the English ships) and, therefore, they (the latter) were obliged to return the fire in self-defence! "' In the past year, when Lin and Tang prohibited trading, they began. by disallowing the sale of provisions. Afterwards there was a Spanish ship anchored' in the same spot, the Type, as some English ships, aox:I she was just on the point of sailing. It happened that some of her. men went to visit on board an English ship, and they took a small quantity of eatables with them. Lin and Tang forthwith gave written orders that the Spanish were not to supply the English vessels with provisions, nor have any intercourse with them, and finished by the murderous plan of ordering their emissaries to burn the Spanish vessel in the middle of the night, when three men were killed ! To be pitied is the cruel calamity of that hapless vessel destroyed by . fire, without crime I and indignant are the un appeased spirits of the murdered. Taking into consideration that, of the nations of Europe, some are great kingdoms and some small states ; )et all are governed by their own laws independent of each other. "' Now, the Spanish and English nations are near neighbours (literally, their smoke ascends under the s ame canopy), and, although not blood relations, are fast friends.- Now, when dwelling as guests—or travellers—in a foreigni state, to pay , friendly visits from ship to ship, or mutually' present provisions, is a common custom of human nature: , consonant to the feelings of mankind. " Further, Europe is separated from Asia more than: nine myriads of Chinese le; not only are they entirely is dependent of each other, but also European ships easily reach Chins, while the ships of China are utterly unable to reach Europe. " .Now the two superior officers Lie and Tang are officers of China ,. stationed at Canton , an d they can only rule the affairs of that province. How can their rule ;cad; the natives or nations of Europe? " ' Now, England's sovereign, pitying and regarding the Spanish ship and guiltless men who suffered such a cruel calamity, has ordered me to rcquire the payment of her value in money. But I have tic t investigated, or am ,g -norant of, the reports which Lin and Tang have made (on all subjects) to your Majesty. " Bth moon, day.'" FLAG OF TRUCE. (Copy of a despatch from Keshen to the Taoueat.) On the 6th day of December, 1840, the following de spatch was received from Keshen, Imperial Commissioner, acting Governor of the two Kwang provinces, &e. " It is authenticated that the former Governor (Lin), having memorialised the tbrone, was empowered to at'- point Yih, the Intendant of the Kaoleen circuit, to re side, pro tern., in Macao, to superintend foreign affairs. The troops stationed at Caza Branca, and the naval forces employed in the neighbouring waters were placed under his command. It undoubtedly bect.mes him t ' act according to circumstances, regulatirg his po licy according to the exigencies of the time. It is thus that he will avoid all disobedience of his instructions, and best forward the duty imposed upon him. " All the English forces are now returning to this pro vince. Their affairs are under consideration, though nc thing has yet been settled. Our troops must, therefore always be on the alert and prepared, }et must they not rashly commence hostilities. 1 have heard that the said foreigners, the other day, sent a vessel to the Bogue, bear ing a white flag, for the purpose of delivering a letter. Now, it appears that among those foreigners a white flag is emblematical of peace; yet the soldiers on duty at the Bogue, without previously inquiring the object of the yes .seracoming there, forthwith fired upon her. This wa s - rea , ly most improper conduct, and, having happened at the Bogue, may be followed, I fear, by the soldiers of other stations. " P Piave also informed the said foreign chief that if hereafter he may have occasion to present communications to me, he must transmit them through the Keunminfoo, who has received the accessary instructions for his gui dance. I have requested the Admiral to issue orders to the,Ships and soldiers under his command to ascertain the object of any vessels which may visit their stations, and not to fire upon her un;eis her visit be hostile. " In conformity with the above I now send these in structions. Immediately upon receipt of them issue the strictest orders to the naval and military forces under your command that they may act accordingly. Hereafter, should any English vessel proceed to your neighbourhood, first clearly ascertain the object of her coming, and, should the foreigners wish not to spy into our movements or to commence hostilities, we must not be the first to fire, lest we afford thorn a pretext for retaliating. Our soldiers must be strictly warned not to kidnap the residents of Macao, in order so distinguish themselves, for this might give rise to unpleasant consequences; This is most ur gent. Hasten hasten. Let none oppose these com mands. "—lbid. TANG'S REPORT.—The following report from Tang, the ex-governor of Canton, we believe to be authentic. The translation reads boldly to a foreigner, as the Emperor only quotes the leading points of Tang's report, upon which he comments rather severely ; but we consider these rept i mands—particulsrly under present circumstances—as a mere facon de parler. The Emperor has already disgraced two of the most eminent statesmen iu the empire ; he will have to pursue the same stern conduct towards the present High Commissioner; and how long will this course of neg lect, mistrust, and discipline last. The Corps Diplomatique, that is, the civil officers of the empire, wlsch body constitute the government of which the Emperor is the despotic head, are, to a man, sternly inimical to the English; and if the itch for negotiation—how ut terly absurd is the word under the present relative positions of Great Britain and China--of our Corps Diplomatique continues much longer, the spirit of the people will also be against us ; and, as they have always despised us; that is, all foreigners, they will soon bate us for being more des picable than even they, in their highest arrogance, have ever thought up. 0 1 for some good old English admiral, who would con sider his first duty to be " to keep foreigners from fool- ing us." Report from Tang Tingching, ex-Governor of Canton, Governor-Actual of Chekeang and Fekien. An Imperial edict bas been received. Tang Tingchint and Woo Wanyung have reported re specting the expenditure for defensive preparations. Quotation from the report :—Fokien is a most impor tant maritime province, and the moat valiant soldiers should be chosen and instructed to examine and guard the important passes, and not because English barbarian ships have been hovering off the ccast did the first care of guarding arise. As for the English barbarians having presumed to capture Tingbae, it is the consequence of a Minister having been dismissed for not having received the said barbarians' complaints of grievance, which ex cited them to the undertaking. Now, the said barbarians are closely confined there, and dare not venture out to at tack other places. THE EhaBROR'S REMARKS.—NOW Tang and his col leagues say they have enemies in front and rear but I don't understand what enemies they have. They say fo reigners—because the district officers of the provinces of Chekeang aad Fokien were unable, or unwilling, to for ward for them a statement of their repressed complaints, first proceeded to Teentsin, and there offered up their statements, which I observed were rather respectful and obedient. Now I have especially deputed a great Minister to proceed to Canton to examine into and settle affiiri, and before long we may desist from war. As to what Tang and his colleagues report on the dis obedient and disorderly conduct of the said barbarians, I know not where they are, or have been, disobedient and disorderly ; all these " untoward " affairs have been oc casioned by the bad management of the said dismissed officers. - I order Woo Wanyung, a; usual, carefully to select, and with truth and sincerity instruct the ablest military officers of his province, that they firmly maintain the ma. ritiwe, entrances. As to the expenditure of treasure and grain, I order that plans be consultei upon and devised to prevent waste, as in washing rice, but when any proper or necessary disbursements are made, report the different items to me. The robust and brave sailors whose ser vices have been engaged in the said province, as well as the fishing boats, I order, after consultation, that they be discharged, in order to ec)nomise the expend!tu c as much as possible. and let the real facts be early reported— Respect this.—lbid. RELEASE OF MR. VINCENT STANTON.—It is with great satisfaction that we communicate to our readers the glad tidings of the release of Mr. Vincent Stanton, who was seized in August last, while bathing in Casilhas bay, and h.s ever since been incarcerated in Canton. He left his prison for the High Commissioner's residence at 10 a.m. on the 10th instant, where be dined, slept, and break fasted ; on the 11th be left Canton in a chop-boat for the Bogue, and arrived in the schooner Young Queen at Macao on last Saturday evening. Mr. Stanton particula ly states that Captain Elliot has used bis utmost efforts for, and has procured his liberation. The following extracts from commercial letters brought by the Falcon will be interesting to our readera:— " MACAO. DEC. 3, 1840.—Commercial affairs remain as before. In long cloths and cotton nothing but small re tail sales can be made, while the imports are heavily accu mulating. " In exports a limited trade goes on as before, except in to and Nankin silk, which continue interdicted, though of the former small supplies are smuggled out, and bought for India at exorbitant prices. "The Louisa Baillie is under the despatch with the last of the former season's teas. Bills on England are a shads better, say 4.7 i 6 months' sight. " Opium is dull ; New Patna, at about Sp. drs. 440 ; and Malwa, at about Sp. drs. 400." " SINGAPORE, December 12, 1840.—Opium is quoted at,Tongkoo on the 29th— " Malwa Sp. drs. 400 to 410 and dull. " Patna 460 to 480 and stock small. " Benares 440 to 450 ditto. Be " In this market Patna is Sp. drs. 360 to 370 ; and naros Sp. drs. 32w. " Some of the American merchants have gone to Canton from Macao in anticipation of the trade being opon." 44 SINGAPORE, December 14, 1840. —The Clown arrived here on the 12th, with 140 c hests of o p ium ; and Bc nares has been sold at Sp, drs. 323 to 325 cash; and Sp. dra.1330, two months'. Little demand for Patna at Sp. drs. 370. SHIP NEWS. ARRIVED.—Nov. 8. The British ship Omega, from Chu san ; 13, her Majesty's ship Jupiter, store-ship, from Eng land; 15, the Falcon, Vincent, from Chusan, on the 9th of November ; 16, The American ship Eben Breble, Hallett, from Boston .and Manilla • the British ship Manly Phillips, from Manilla; 18, Hon. Manilla; Steamer Queen, Warden, from Chusan, on the 12th of .November ; 19, the Good Suc cess, Fraser, from Bombay and Singapore ' • 20, her Majesty's ship Melville, 74, Captain the Hon. IL S. Dundas, Rear-Ad miral the Hon. G. Elliot,' from Chusan ; her Majesty's ship Wellesley, 74, Captain Maitland, Commodore J. J. Bremer, from Chusan ; her Majesty's ship Blenheim, 74, Captain Sir H. P. Senhouse, from Ditto; 21, her Majesty's ship Herald, 26, Captain Nias, from Sydney and Singapore ; 29, the Gi raffe, Wright, and Asia, from New South Wales. Passengers—by the Falcon, Lieutenant and Paymaster Strong ; her Majesty's 26th, A. Fletcher. SAILED.—Nov. 14, the Marquis of Hastings, for Singapore, the Isabel 11., for Manilla, the Corsair , for Singap o r e, the Genovera, for Singapore and Timor, her Majesty's ship Vo lage, for Manilla ; 22, the Mary Gordon, for Singapore and Bombay ; 24, the Cowasjee Family, for Singapore and Cal cutta, the Giraffe, for Manilla, and the Iberia, for Manilla. UNDER DESPATCH.—For Singapore and Calcutta—Will iam, S•ott, Ariel, Warden. For ditto and Bombay—Sirn°lcia' Almeida, in a few days. a ith e For VESSELS LOADING.—For London , Lo uisa „. Calcutta, Ternate. For Bombay, Curs et j ee COWaV "311 dostan. accompanied by in her Majesty's ship Melville from CI2 0 : 11 _ , 00, Rear-Admiral 'the Hon. George Elliot arrived k without corn.• yesterday other ships of war, and proceeded to 1 e ignorant, therefore, of municating with Macao. 1 arrived, but ships Blenheim, bably, besides the Melvillf zant l an e what are the ships that aWree arrived, but they are pro- Wellesley, and Modeste. FORCES OF THE E .Register, Nov. 21. EX IN CANTON RIVER. W3licJ e emer, C. 8., Captain Gordony_„ . 74, bearing the broad Thomas Maitland. Maitland. ship Blenheim, 74, Sir 11, S. Fleming Sen- Her Majesty's danliteorfACianimesmtyo'stiosrheipSir J. J. Her Majesty's shi p Melville, 74, Cap K. C. 11., Capta in Pritchard. tain the Hon. R. S. house, Dundas. '2B, Mr. James Scott i Herald, 26, Her Majesty's ships Druid, 44, Mr. H. Smith ; Calliope, 28, g lib-. J. P. Blak e ; Hyacinth, 20, Mr. H. E yres ; Columbine, 18, A.wi%firr..WNHajearrrsbe;enrtL; ;aArSvoaedm,e2asoteran,, 20,.A 1 1,.. steamers, Queen, Captain Warden ; 21. ;.. T. J. Clarke ; Jupiter, (store-sh ip), Captain Fulton ; armed d Dicey ; Enterprise, Captain Wett; Nemesis, Captain Hall. . AT Cif USA N.—Her Majesty's ships Blonde, j..flioandag. Coasemapr,anc.y'atptaraimn 44, Mr. E. P ou rehier ; Conway, 28 , Mr. C. D. Bethun e; Alligator, 28 3Zr. H. Kuper ; Pyltdes , 20 , Mr. T. V. Anson ; Nimrod 20 , ,Mr. C. A. Barlow ; Algerine, 10, M r . TS. Mossan ; troop slip ' Rattlesnake, Captain Brodi e • Hon. Company's armed steamer Atalanta, Captain Rogers. .. ..z~ _ MORNING EDITION INDIA, CALCUTTA, JAN. 22. The character of the advices on both sides of the Isthmus of Suez is now such as to inspire full confidence in the maintenance of peace, and to lead to a %Nell-grounded hope that the commerce and agriculture of British India will feel, at no distant period, a fresh stimulus from ther prosperity of English manufactures and the effects of a just and equa l system o f d u ti es on Indian produce. Our affairs in the north-west of India and in Affghanistan are in a satisfactory position. The reinforcements in Seinde have. secured one good base of military operations, and, whatever may be the result of the different pretensions to the rule of the Punjaub, there can hardly be a doubt that the influence of the-British Government in India must be str engthened,,aud its authority, if not territory, increased. in that quarter. W.th . Nepaul and Ave there is no reason to suppose: that any hostilities will occur. The Gi,vernmcnt having just notified that the rate of ex— change for advances on produce will Le 2s. hi. in lieu of 2a. 2d., a considt rable increase of the . sports cf • all our staples may be anticipated iu the next two or three montknr, and much acivity in our markets. The exports of sugar still continue on a large scale, hay... ing in the year 1840 been to Great Britain 53,000 tons, against 25,500 tons in the preceding year; but this quantity,. large as it is, is by no means commensurate with the apparent. wants of Great Britain, and with what India is capable of sup-. plying under fair encouragement by the equalization of then duties on the produce of all British colonies. In indigo much less has been done up to this period than duringthe the finer sortshave corresponding been period ‘vel ofl maintained, last year, and t d t lie prices havevery nearly reached those of last year. The intelligence from China, up to the date of the de parture of the regular mail, on the 17th inst., was such as ap parently to menace nothing but violent hostility as the inevi table termination, though by the news up to the 18th Decem ber, it appears that the Imperial envoy Keshen had so far shown a desire to conciliate, by releasing Mr. Stanton, the gentleman who had been kidnapped at Macao, and it is s,id has offered to pay $5,000,000, or about 1,000,0(101. sterling, in full of all demands, and to reopen the trade ; still he hae gained the point of not going to treat personally with Captalia Elliot, and the negotiation on his part was carried on through inferior mandarins. The preparations for defence appear to be unremitting, and a report on the state of the Bogue forts by an officer deputed for the purpose has been published, in which they are declared to be impregnable. The tone of all the public reports and documents is of unmeasured hostility to the English, and the popular feeling at Canton is said to have been highly excite& against Keshen,, who, it was rumoured, intended to proceed to the Bogue to meet Captain Elliot. The most unsatisfactory termination that could happen, and what, to judge from Captain Elliot's proceedings hitherto, I fear is not unlikely, would be the patching up of peace for the sake of securing an early reopening of the trade. • . We are glad to observe that the mercantile commu n ity of Bombay - are eager to call the attention of Parliament to the state of the proceedings adopted on behalf of the British Go vernment towards the Chinese. We subjoin the copy of a pe tition on this subject which has been proposed and circulated for signatures : TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE LORDS SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRI TAIN AND IRELAND, IN PARLIAMENT ASSEMBLED. The humble petition of the undersigned European and native merchants, resident at Bombay, in the East Showeth—That your petitioners are all engaged in trade at Bombay, one of the most considerable and important branches of which trade has hitherto been the commerce with China. That previous to the late interruption the annual exports to China amounted to 2,568,503/., and the imports to 1,669,193 t.,. while it has always formed a most valuable channel of, remit tance, and afforded in this respect the greatest facilities to the direct trade between Great Britain and India, and has besides given employment to a large number of vessels, not only be longing to shipowners in Great Britain, but also to native merchants resident in Bombay, the latter of burden from 400 to 1,400 tons each, solely engaged in this branch of commerce. That early in the year 1839 this valuable trade was suddenly interrupted, under circumstances so well known to your Right Honourable House as to render any detail of them here unne cessary, and up to the latest date from China, 17th December, 1840, it was still obstructed. That though a partial trade has been carried on since the first interruption occurred, vet the merchants generally have been unwilling to risk property in it, and this fact is evidenced by the official returns of the Bombay Custom-house for the year from the Ist of May, 1839, to the 30th of April, 1840, which give the value of the exports at 634,2401., and the im ports at 405,0581., exhibiting a decrease from the amount already stated for the seine period in 1838-39 of 2,034,263/. in the exports, and in the imports 1,294,135/. Not only, however, has the interruption with China resulted in the de pression of the direct trade with that country, but has also occasioned a serious and extensive derangement of the other branches of general trade. That a period of nearly two years has elapsed since the first obstruction of trade, and by the latest intelligence its speedy re-establishment on a firm, stable, and honourable footing con. tinues uncertain. That your petitioners, without inquiring into the nature of the instruction received by the British authorities in China, or how they have been followed, would now briefly draw the at tention of your Right Honeurable House to the events as they occurred during this period. In May, 1839, all British sub jects were expelled from Canton, and the trade virtually closed. On the 21st of June, 1840, Commodore Sir J. J. G. Bremer, with the first division of the expedition, arrived at Ma cao, proclaimed a blockade of the river and port of Canton, and sailed to the northward. On the 28th idem the Admiral also entered Macao, and two days afterwards followed Commodore Bremer with the second division. The sth of July was marked by the capture of Chusan and the occupation of the island. by the British troops. On the 29th of July the Admiral and Captain Elliot, the Superintendent, pro ceeded to Pe-che-lee, where they arrived on the 10th of Au gust. On the 30th of August Captain Elliot held a confer ence with the Imperial Commissioner Keshen, when it was ar ranged, at the request of the latter, that further negotiations should Cake pl .ce at Canton, whither it was understood the Emperor would send a High Commissioner to ti cat on his part. On the 21st of November the Admiral returned to Macao, and about the same time Keshen, the High Commis sioner deputed by the Emperor, also arrived at Canton. On the 29th of November the resignation of the Admiral was pub licly announced, and it was notified that his duties as Commis sioner had devolved on the remaining Commissioner, -Capt. Elliot. On the 4th of December, at Canton, Keshen is stated to have declined to meet her Majesty's Plenipotentiaries, and that the I..tter gave notice that they would await him until the 17th, when, in the event of his non-arrival, they would imme diately have recourse to hostilities—which is the latest intelli gence your petitioners have received. , That the demonstrations of the force of the British arms which took. place at Chusan, Macao, and on some occasions along the coast, struck terror and consternation for the time into the minds of such Chinese as were witnesses to them, and led all interested in the success of the expedition to anticipate the best results from its future progress • but in the interval which has been allowed to elapse the effect has been greatly diminished, if not entirely lost, for it would appear by the last intelligence that the mandarins and other officers at Canton have again assumed the haughty tone of insolence which be fore marked their behaviour. That though the facts already stated clearly demonstrate how much the interests of the port of Bombay in particular are affected by whatever stops or interrupts the British trade with China, and prove that your petitioners are not led to make the present appeal to your Right Honourable House without strong and urgent reasons for so doing, yet in a general point of view the question is one of such magnitude and imp rtance, involving as it does alike the direct trade between China and England, and that between India and China, and the large revenues derived both by the British and Indian Governments from these important branches of commerce, that your petitioners are the more confident in now praying that your Right Honourable House may be p'eased to take the subject of our present relations with China into early and favourable consideration, with the view of urging the Government to adopt such vigorous and decided measures as may seem to your Right Honourable House best calculated to effect the speedy renewal of the trade on a firm and permanent footing, such as may tend alike to the se curity of property and to the honour of the British name. And your petitioners, &c. SCINDE, CABUL, AND KOHISTAN. space for month s p as t, requ i re Overlandg en c from Courie r .) which has occu pied n Isoos el atrhgree ea l 0 ep ( o F ar r i ti o it o m i ens t ,o h tf e h oeuirn t e ili this month but little room to be devoted to their affairs. When we were nearly ready for press, we received letters from Sukkur of the 15th, and Candahar to the 4th January, the substance of which we subjoin as the very latest intelligence from these once more war-threatened regions. The following is from the pen of a Correspondent, to whom we are under heavy obliga tions for Cutchee intelligence, and on whose accuracy the most implicit reliance may be placed:— - -- " Our letters from Scinde inform us that our troops are likely to be fully engaged—the wing of the 40th and 21st, and a body of irregular horse, left Shikarpore for Poolajee on the 15th—the cavalry, the 41st, and Captain Pontardent's.artillery are expected to follow in a day or two. The latest news is t . of a character we would scarcely have expected, and , thee broken are net known; but the Murrees are r eported e to re i e av ciohuentryi rebellions in sudden way, and to have returned to the hills, takin g from the negotiations with Captain Brown at L h , w i i n th i i t t l h 'e e r m y Bebse Gunjan. a state of-insurrection, and that theinstigatoratthteo rued of Herat. n a day or two we is proved to be y ar M a ho Letters from Candahar also mntlon be enabled to judge better of shall have more of this news, a nd it well known to all who were suffer . considerably from ulcers, its correctness. o ii without a tent, and rising t0'133 de- At Shikarpore also fever engaged in last 3e he Queen s troops, which was attii was prevalent among rations of temperature, the thermometer a species The t r troops p troublesome at D a , d a urs e c ca o i in z t ., being in the mornl grecs during the day butel to the great ., v 4 3 " 27 ~,,, ra).7l:?tinst Schap 1 0 8 f 4. u 1- ;tr in oedunAnot3otttrielyiiiilhSegaaUrsK risenxo butuf i t t hh , i eas J grd s a f n: . ronerrient will Candabar. Soojah, an met Nusseer Khan is • ever keep [hem q • afraid to sur ren der Dust Mahom has been sent off to 11* , be. cause indostan,: and he dreads a similar fat e s; but he is willing to come in - " You w d ilTi d beh e e cla ws t u e ir)°P ; r b ei a ;c t e pro mised to be kept in any part of Kutchee. The if he is have something to do beyond the Bolan. troops will now England's) was to have been broken One brigs le (Col. break will require their services • up, but this free( in the the field. One brigade moves from Shikapere this day, and the panics of the 21st, with G enera l B cavalry and flank corn roo by the political autho r iti es , on Monday Brooks and staff, accsnipanied onday mornieg. Part of the troops have already proceeded to Dadur. ~ -W ill you believe it, the remains of the late Brigadier Ste venson are allow e d to moulder. . in a grave half dug up by jackalls ; there is no friendly hand to raise a simple tomb (cost 2thi s 0 rupees) to brave offic°r's me or • no, n ot one is there to be found w h o w i l l do m 3' 'frie ndshi this last act of p—a duty, I believe, onthe part of the commanding officer, or the political authorities who are the representatives of Government. Is it thus that the brave servants of the Honourable Company ale to be treated? lit life he was everything, in death he is con sidered nothing." Letters from Shirkapore of the 12th mention that the 4th troOp. of Horse Artillery and right-winged Bombay 20th Regi ment of Native Infantry b a d s tarted that morning for Qu e tt a ; the Ist troop of Horse .A r tillery and left wing 20th were to march for Baug on the 14th ; General Broo k s with the cavalry on the 16th ; Brigadier Val , ant with her Majesty's 40th Regi ment and Bombay 21st Regiment of Native Infantry on the 18th. This force to rendezvous and remain at Bang until Kutch Gundava, orrather the hill district and tribes adjacent were settled : Brigadier England, with her Majesty's 41st, is to remain at Shikagore pending these negotiations: on their her Majesty's 41st and European Fort Artillery adjustment to return to Kurachee, and her Majesty's 40th, and Bombay 20th, 21st, and 25th Regiments to pass through the Bolan to Quetta to occupy Khelat, Mwstongi and Quetta. The Ist, sth, and 23d Regiments, the three e4Tps which went up in November, 1828, with Lord Keane, 'to return to Bombay and 4 recruit in the Deccan. _--~ .......• vs pan ortu- ion& site- And - ol io- rid her „ p er, game in thsl l ot O a !Tied at . Pe pe. ferT ° )rese a l cent,- ion• to to rear: 11 0 tre • coot, 43 19i 29 clvO te v itbo uc ling for 014 fol ve 23.aDY c ° 'tor , i id c e ll ; 'l5 0 -- t;PI P . 91 , .. 0 121,- c• I. f.Ol g l ei ; b 0°- osier of of bit ;C 1811 FoOt l ittitig tr. I. Buck- siria CAleb° , site d Marl, 0 11ag sr. orar bo , to .oe r este r for it (0 0-