The Sun. — London, England, 1841-03-29 00:00:00

:1_ ...., .„ fen - we !wick ; dwick. [caslef (WS Vood ; Chal- ;reen rood ; rood-' C6urs• ni pton 0414 .reef; Upton Fri- Vood; g a to &pit ;ture; lerea• rrlel; a ldeni A Odg. rod* teo. wag, 1 , at 7 g stle i rd&Y' aday, get° irdaY eat)] . 1' at ;3tur - odic!' L} • r 4t rdaY/ con ; r, " torn; rclaYt as of , the n at LOY , time nr, ere ith oe _II:VINING EDITION. EASTERN INTELLIGENCE. W e have received by the Levant 'Mail a mass of intelligence s sraseConstantinople, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Malta, which Po,..isses more than usual interest. b aste affairs of the East are still unsettled. Mehemet Ali 4 !s fuse d to accept the conditions offered by the Porte, and ,r ii , e trte has not yet thounht proper to grant the desired t 1 4 7a 1 anon'. It would appear, therefore, that this state of cessions s ime anxiety at Alexandria, particularly as 1)4 '7 . 1 : net .Ali is making military preparations at Cairo, and betty his system of armament with more than usual ac ,Y. Otto VANTINOPLE, MARCH 3.—The state of parties in the Vest, and capital at the present crisis is a subject of deep ?tete ` nd offers mush matter for serious consideration. The tzuksat of are very far from being p 'pular, and the r,uso,:t.i.firr:trheet,ilni enemies of reform are daily recruited through the • ation to favour of individuals who, though partisans of , have long smarted under the lash of the se te,;" , We have seen Tah ir Pacha called from his retreat, and ll Pach a i s a b out to emerge f i om t h e o b scur ity t o he was condemned by the council of Achem Adlie. te et e ta ld Pacha is allowed by his countrymen to possess emi t/spire bus, and to have rendered important services to the . tOplac, I believe a great majority would willingly see him ten of e e d s by a more orthodox Minister. Of the other 11.1inis tit re _ 'at Party, Achmet Fethe Pacha is generally disliked . ; probituat reason I am not able to explain, unless it be for his Iltio,g', a ml just, thougla it may be too stern, severity when i si,te.Bl.lsent is due. The Sultan himself is popular among all The . ttb..ek merits of the reform are at the present moment keenly . tits, by classes, who all find themselves injured by it, I/4,1' In their interest ' or the it pride. To begin with the still a powerful and influenti 1 body, they stigmatise Ll e qUarantine as an insult to the Deity, b, cause it lays the at th e /set a , mot of their favaurite doctrine, and averts by human dee,,,a calamity for which no other remedy was formerly pea,e't necessary than resignation and the inter cesssion of their ki sses to the holy prophet. They revile at the introduction . of e : which are not to be found in the Koran, and which tt l h four,equently beyond the sphere of their knowledge, and tstit sed . t hose golden days when all Mussulman learning Sil t , In their bod—when a verse of the Koran, washed off o iqter and drunk by the patient, was a panacea for all the glossal true b eliever—when the utmost ambition of a learned t h s K o rans to gain the respected title of Hafiz in learn by heart. In short, the Ulema are enemies to I :hisa r e_s of improvement and the " march of intellect," trop, •;', °4 'd deprive them of a large portion of their considera- Ptis4 - 71ence, and bakshi.sh. The Pachas grumble at being de- Y, si ° l " l " i 'silfsh, and are indignant at being confined to a scurvy il"n, however vari,s from '2OO to 500 sterling per month. r e f ' o l : rn le . iave decidedly gained in their social well-being by llas a h o b, but then, raya3 are raised to an equality with oath, of , ans, and they repine alter the good old time, when the l e a last t t ) hn nest Christians were as a feather in the scale IL idshi sitf e Word of a Mussulman vagabond, who received a tam ` r l ying , The deplorable state of the finances, and 'seas, ret urns made by the Mohassul, have emboldened all tt the,elpers to the tongue, and they are now all in full cry 44 1 , 1 L 5 's of the reform. Corruption is too deeply rooted in Mi M "i ‘ be c ull r; v ad e i t c o a eradicated—an inordinate appetite for bah- Thetif almost int y ui e t Turk. 4 24 f,l t eign Ministers appear earnestly to desire the . continu- Nli 'l ee Present Administration, and support Rescind Pacha lta t ed .i their influence which alone, perhaps, prevents his R er,,tte d ismissal from office. None seem more hearty in Wes en r e th the nnisters of Russia and of Pru sia, ttzted„'„ll al loccasions, with suspicious eagerness, as the only Itte r an exhausted exchequer, the necessity of an imme nels-„" extensive reducion in the army and - fleet. I have ta St." ° tieed that Lord Ponsonby dissented from the Otto -4%4, ,E ster si ni in the measure proposed by him relative to the to te4th uit E gypt, and was in a minority at the conference of skishi li , 't when that measure was carried in the face of . his l lo ce r °Pposition. '1 his is the first decided schism which Ikt ion 4 7 ed ,among the Allied Ministers here, since the Con -14°41°,' al s o s i r j l u e i t Ys I have had the good fortune to procure a co deints , • , in French, of his Lordship's addre s on that oc 'lPe a)) ,toe accuracy of which you may place entire.confi ate -"" of which I enclose to you the translation, without continent. h e4 : i l ' r dia disorders have arisen from the same causes, and it tepr e - ,: ° „'ind necessary to send two British ships of the line Rhtaare them and resicire tranquillity. The foreign Minis eounselled th mmediate recall of th. se robbers, Strote,ar'ssald, eradicate het evil and allay the fermentationit Ott I:4 4 ;°fled among the mountaineers. Ibrahim Pacha nts Plain t itsalf.serou.sly ill, beyond the hopes of rec d oTe k ry. o. Is tt4Odropsy broursht on by excessive rin ifi b , for ingi te several times undergone the os *ration of 11 41 0 i Lie was in th e h a bit o f drinking enormous quan ta and never rode out without having a bottle r of 41l at l°11 s rit , e liquor attached to his saddle bow. The Nile Pt° 4l.!i - ' ll . waiting to convey him to Alexandria, but the I L t Y is that he will never reach that city alive. The ,lust "re crossed the desert into Egypt, where they arrived ;Is k e s (lt dismal plight. Sickness prevails to a considerable „t ir aMg the British troops in Syria, and General nl - succeeded Sir Charles Smith in the command, has Ad , .'etilla to the climate. 4, 7it a i I s t . to L Walke r came up in the Cyclops, and returned next s s 'tess e - t aln Psaca, where his ship the Mahmoudieh is lying. :_tsb, " 1 the fleet, 24 sail in all, are at Chesme and Tenedos. are littlemore than half-manned, and a great pro tkies4 f the onl half clothed, horn which they 'ellere lY in a climate so Y much colder than that of Egypt. deScPJECH OF LORD PONSONBY. Ce to ance of Mehemet Ali and the appeal to the ds t r einstate him prove fhat the Convention no longer '4 r• i t , z e Allies their conduct towards Mehemet Ali, who, 4: l aff that Convention, has relinquished all his rights to 11-94, afterwards which it contained. All that may be con- N ed Swards to Mehemet Ali is the . result of the uncon tory 'al of the Allies. The Convention, then, is not ob trYs6„'l, the Allied Powers, who are at liberty to act on s 't as they may think propel. My instructions say, o 'i le ...stipulatlons of the loth of July may be found the 8 ,Proiecting the population of Egypt, of guaranteeing &c., ) 1 440 4 4L , ta4 against a renewal ofhostilities, :se t depriving Mehemet Ali of the pachalic. This iaD ek\lr tY that Lord Palmerston considers the treaty as dti source from whence may be drawn the means of ZlAti, the object which he indicates ; but it is not a de -4Yd0140 .tal the art of Lord Palmerston, that the treaty b_ r considered as an imperative rule. If it were so, case ? If the treaty 1;4,,t t w h e e d a t o r l t u f t r o o r m ol it i l n yh a particularwhy ought we to advise the Porte 14It th i l:. 0 % flie asiSre . adopt e ed in this treaty at a time when af °kis 4 T I a position very d fferent from the actual state of ' The treaty was a compromise with Mehemet Ali, stipulations were conditional, and made with a view , 4, 4 4 0 ' i1 g Mehemet Ali to accept it. Mehemet Aalirdetenre bee refuse the treaty, and to try the chances of ( I,o , :i v ilt s lie tii e .... /I pho c tsth on ue a re u s e uo r lf e t d ant a r ndhas unconditionally submitted w t . o his I/O"' now then can the treaty oblige the Allied . _ Powers ) to take measures laid down for i ' s rs, en w e llen that posture no longer exists? i s liti tli - . s the treaty is not obligatory on the Allies, the counsel s: b a_re now called upon to . give to e the Sublime Porte based on the instructions have received from r;liti s -'! , and we ought riot to advise the Porte to ado p t 11, t ° d e ", ' rr econcilable and contradictory, or of such a nature s iAls„ 4 , l °.Y the eff ec t o f a l mos t every other measure which 1 1 : 1 , 1 ; o ess ord ere d t o recommen d. ist o. n ti e ° lastrnetions I have received from LOrd Palmerston, ol- Isees ' } lass , been communicated in extenso to ms, L Vssif; 4 4ll t tl the Ottoman Minister of Foreign Affairs. They ,t4ti st s ale the resnduct I am to follow. They say that V a elit t u e taken to mate such arrange . ments as will be ti, tt asi eri ° protect the population of Egypt from m the tyrannical which has weigh - lea upon them oi some 'ears past, ere the Sultan acssanst a renewal of 3 t . hose k e ,Alli e - t ic h forced him to hare recourse to the assistance of Ss; t o Lord Palmerston says Chat these arrangements that fu Lord in the Treaty of the 15th of July. The Treaty . tis ke all the laws of the empire must be opplied to . Egypt,n Vi t 'tot antler as the are applied to every province of the ~,'sthetile Sultan; ant! Lord Palmerston proceeds to partichu tltt;ssOPPlication of the principle laid down, relative to t , e 0 1. 5 eter of the land and sea forces of the empir . e n , t he legislative authority of the Sultant nature,i the lsi t , r oties a - , i '' of other objects of the most important Ves ,T, e s in these words The treaty specifies tha., tts_ th Rill be levied in Egypt,` but . those imposed by law ; ts: l ,tt e , 5 cure the people against unjust exactions; and the S t `ies 1; 4 the convention of 1838, in terms of which all mo glitids'''tYs',:,!titd be abolished, will free at once the industry a letlit i -4 People from those oppressive restrictions which t h`qii ' subje ted them to th most abject poverty, 1 11.14 1- , 1 )% Q a" . depr e ived of cultur e . e . large tracts of land b 4t cultivation and productise. a2pears to her " I ' v esn . ment that by similar measures security may l'iltis ti • riet t w for the future, both for th e Sultan and for his (Ir tl ' s ' e °l t as e '''sl ec ts against the disposition of Mehemet . Ali t Sovereign, and to oppress . the inhabitants • ' t f -4(4 -'s which may be confided to his government. b. r la, ts -tt adarre t tp .1 - le of Lord Palmerston's instruc• l'h„)eopre P r oiec u ti a on - o l f u t < he p' Sultan against rebellion, and of a gainst oppression, and especially against exaetions. t hs e 7 % tstZles which, I understand, the Ottoman Minister tor the future government of Egypt appear to ` I % ' l lstr ' i r r ieetly conformable to the principles laid down in kis, sad iltions of Lord Palmerston, with one single excep -11;14 - ": 1 is the measure relative to the tribute, and the 1'1,44 ca is upon it to Mehemet Ali of . the right . to tti t Cs resells., of Egypt, which will be at his dispos.tion of - t - heciamilitary, and naval establishments . 44 11,itice A t „ it e 1 ,T e a Sure is in contradiction with the declaration that %1 .. : the empire will be in vigour in Egypt ; for the L tstg 4 :t, a cn - mpire ist the Pachas shall not collect the re d "'ere ,„`" It is tru a e the Sultan, if it should be In! goo stse'stiao'.'aY revoke this law, and thus put an end to this con the,,,ut. I am not authorised to recommend such a mea 4ke which, were it executed, would, I believe S:'11 , 0 to a series of increasing difficulties to the Sultan, Pty to the destruction of the ameliorations already 4 k is °l lgl7 t ' s by which the future welfare of the Ottoman `.° be assured. Why not revoke the hatti-scheriff fo i l l'i s ci Ple' of Lord Palmerston's instructions, is pro rotket Sultan and for the people of Egypt against Nikeh e 1 * The success of the Sultan's arms has torn t s 4 e A se atera ket Ali the power of the sword, a power . t at e iris;l3r abusinss the revenues of Egypt, which were ; 14 1s e ,'tic a nds—a 6 d it is proposed to return . them into t reven n ues Egypt have been raised . to an "tt st sl l 4l;l l _ 4 a 9ugh the exactiffnsmoefn,Mehemet Alt ; and to whom taxes and l i tli zs te obsolnte h b m wand what is absolutely necessary t e x i ster u ce t mg , . inflict what punishment . he ° St l r l is f°. re.e . payment,le can even when payment is irn to`gptlai,s Master of the peisons as well as the property of t ',P Can this be conformable to the instructions , llt\ l i i t saisii' l Pir a P n rst " which say, that above all the proper Peopl e must be protected ? It is proposed t ,‘ ' li • Pilr e oftroops to be maintained in Egypt. t? Il s i s !tal i„ . ‘ l ' e a seduction in the expenses of Mehemet , 17 t ,, t- 4tt k report made be a man of accurate obsers a "r‘101 "" e Year 1833 the revenues of Egypt amounted to - Ind the expenditure to 4 9 , 951. , 500 f. The sur -I..lleirPnasuch a s t a t e of the finances, will leave in the *4 't " es tet , a sum which will render him richer, in iitkletZoik'h _z, or Isis personal purposes, than almost any ide-ation the 11, rsl tt °, diff "`r°Pe. betweenihout taking nit° 0 1 , 4 s , b"ence the value of money an Egypt, and • -111 maintaininn l;:lsy ohd a e. But when the " en ' s i's -e ues renJcl fleet are reduced, the surplus of t.i , ,res . a , he s;la s ; r e e., considerably increased. Morey is t i stio s 'as of re'ially in these countries. It is the instrumen f 5 5 ,4 Mei2esnet Ali has r iised himself to an ele h I , t tls ero t 'di,pi‘Th9nce it has cost so much pains andso much faits4ll4e hire, Mon,7 is now the only arm with to w fit call injure the o;ultan, and it . is proposed ro- PrO bee a bundant] ; and to furnish him . with p the tc, siangerous to Sultan, by extorting iher'Yoe-,o,l,lllnate people of Es'ypt, whom WO o t e rti k k e aSed , reach of exaction! if the. amounwtiongfstet.mnioridoloinuleottes to r e 4 ,7„ e Xa s ti: e hernet Alt will only receive a . ne t. l 'sato ns'asione the people, if it be possible, either by' f tf!,, ep tik :tl i i 4 s,..tgi t p i . " l an additional subject Is it possible to obviate these . things by a of malediction will a ^ g wi t h Il t of taxes in Egypt? How can that be . done tif't t o rk t loy a l ° a. concurrence of Mehemet Ali, and with his klAk be e asistance the execution of the measure ? Is l t e i hr l e l) :7 o te A (l ,? The absolute control ove" . the revenues " aed lehemet Ali the full and entire distribution , %t au: and fo punishments. It renders him master o, the Irkit leet into e.g of all. H o w c an th e law s of the empire L 'lypt, otherwise than with his permission and assistance. How can the hatti-scheriff of Gulhane be im posed upon a man who pays every body, from the judge to the lowest officer of police, and who can, at his will, ruin the pecu niary resources of every man, and allow Li:n to exist or to prosper? " The treaties between the Porte and other Powers may be forcibly put into execution, through the fear of Mehemet Ali for foreign nations ; but the Sublime Porte will not have the power to exact their observance through the employment of its own means. How will an end be put to the monopolies in Egypt? Ought they to be perpetuated through fraud? All this is only a portion of the consequences which will arise from the act of leaving in the hands of Mehemet Ali this power, which of necessity will belong to him if it be left to him to col lect and distribute the revenues of Egypt, which will be the case if the Sublime Porte adopt the measure of taking a tri • bute from Mehemet Ali in the manner proposed. It seems to me that this is a measure opposed to the declared aim and ob ject of my Government, as they are laid down in the instruc tion of Lord Palmerston, No. 270. It appears to me that the mea sure is not required by the Convention of the 15th July ; that it is at present neither necessary nor judicious for the arrangement of tl.e affairs of this country ; that it will confirm and perpetu ate the misery of the population of Egypt (being a perma nent arrangement)'; that it will hurt the morality of Europe ; and that it is in direct contradict ion with the benevolent desires of the British Government, such as they are developed in the instructions of Lord Palmerston. I have, therefore, made this declaration of my opinions, and I refuse to give my approba tion to the measure in question, or to offer my counsel to the Porte that this measure should be adopted. lam afraid that my colleagues may differ in opinion with me, but they have already had under consideration my instructions from Lord Palmerston, which have been so often referred to. It is pos sible that they may be more capable than myself to give them their true interpretation ; as for me I can only understand them in the manner I have just explained. It belongs to others, not to me, to decide and to take such a part as they will judge the best. Those to whom I have just addressed my self are able to judge as well as myself what is the opinion of the British Government. My opinion is of little importance, excepting for myself alone; but I have to answer to my country, and justify my acts. The world will know all that we do and say." CONSTANTINOPLE, MARCH 7.—The Cyclops sailed on the 4th for the Bay of Marmorizza, with despatches from Lord Ponsonby to Admiral. Ommanney, and from thence she will proceed to Malta. On Friday, the sth, the Peki Shef ket arrived from Alex andria. Mehemet Ali received the firman of the Sultan with all imaginable respect, and with many professions of humility and submission ; but on analysing the conditions therein prescribed for the regulation of his government in Egypt, he objected to some of them as tending to sow dissension in the country, and to deprive him of the influence which is necessary to make his authority respected. The Tahiri Bahiri arrived on the sth from Acre, with Hus sein Pacha on hoard. Major Napier, the brother of Commo dore Napier, is said to be upon the point of leading to the hy meneal altar a Syrian lady, the daughter of the Emir of the Druses. Colonel Hodges has been appointed Consul- General at Ham burgh; and it is said that Mr. Wood, who acted with so much zeal and ability in Syria, will be named Consul-General of that province. ALEXANDRIA, MARCH 6.—The French steamer, which ar rived here on the 26th ult., only goes to sea to-morrow, the French Administration having decided to run their steamers to this port only twice a month, at least for some time, until all of them have undergone thorough repairs, of which they stand very much in need. Commodore Napier finding his services here no longer ne cessary, left in the Stromboli on the Ist instant, to join the Powerful at Marmorice; and the Pacha, on the day previous, started for Cairo, to see Ibrahim, who arrived there on the 22d ult., and who has taken up his residence at Rhoda Is land; he is said to be in a very bad state of health by some, but this report is contradicted by others, and from what may be considered good authority. I understand he was very un well when at Gaza, and was then attended by the surgeon of the Benbow, but he is now almost quite recovered. By last news from Cairo, we learn that all sorts of warlike preparations were going on there, and that the greatest ac tivity prevailed in every department, which shows that the Pacha does not consider things in such good train as was gene rally supposed ; in fact, after a long interview with Ibrahim, he called a divan of all the most influential persons about him, and it is said gave them to understand that affairs were far from being permanently settled, and that they must be pre pared to act in his defence in case of further hostile demonstra tions on the part of the Porte. The powder magazine is kept. at work day and night, and a commis,ariat is being formed. The troops have been paid par: of their arrears, and every means is being taken to content the army, which is now in ex cellent condition. So, after all the victories of the Allies in Syria, perhaps we are still as far from peace as ever. The Pacha was so irritated at the conditions attaching to the acceptance of the firman, that, previous to Commodore Napier's departure, he wished to recal the order f, .r the release of the Syrians in the Egyptian service, but after several warm dis cussions and some correspondence on the point the Commo dore at last succeeded in overruling the Pacha, and in showing him the folly and inutility of such a measure. Licut.-Coloriel Napier is still here waiting the return of the Pacha from Cairo (who is to leave on the 7th), to make arrangements for the transport of the Si ian hostages to their native country. Although it was at first intended to send them overland, they have been brought down here, and most probably one of the Pacha's steamers will now take them to Beyrout. There were originally eight Emirs (Chris tians), four Sheiks of the Druses, ten Christian proprietors, with thirty-five servants and other followers, but of these one Emir and six followers have died in exile. The free trade is now in force in so far as regards comesti bles, which are now only subject to a duty of 12 per cent., but on the return of the Pacha it is said that cotton will be allowed to be exported on similar tetms. The holy cities are said to have fallen into the hands of the Asseir Arabs, amongst whom a fanatic, calling himself a prophet, has arisen, and has managed to make many converts to his doctrines. ALEXANDRIA. FIRM AN SENT TO MEHEMET ALI. We find in the Austrian Observer the following text of the firman from the Sultau to Mehemet Ali, granting him the life government of Nubia and other southern provinces:— TO MY VIZIER 'MEHEMET ALI PA CITA, GOVERNOR OF EGYPT, UPON WHOM HAS LATELY BEEN NEWLY CONFERRED TILE GOVERNMENT OF THE PROVINCES OF NUBIA, DARFOUR, KORDOFAN, AND SENAAR. " According to the purport of another imperial firman, I have confirmed you in the government of Egypt with here ditary right, and, with some conditions and certain further limits, I have granted to you, without hereditary right, the government of the provinces of Nubia, Darfour, Kordofan, and Senaar, with all their dependencies - -that is to say, with all that is attached to them out of the limits of Egypt. Guided by the experience and wisdom which distinguish you, you will apply yourself to the government and organization of these provinces, according to my equitable views, and to provide for the welfare of the inhabitants. You will every year transmit to my Sublime Porte an exact account of all the annual revenue. From time to time the villages of these provinces arc attacked by troops, and the young persons, male ,and female, who are captured, remain in the hands of the soldiers in lieu of pay. Not only does this proceeding ruin and depopulate the country, but such a state of things is contrary to our holy law and to equity. This abuse, and the no less fatal abuse of mutilating men for the guard of the harem being highly disapproved of by my equitable will, and in complete opposition to the principles of justice and huma nity proclaimed since my accessien to the throne, you will apply yourself with care to the adoption of the means which may be necessary to prevent and repress for the future such culpable acts. You will announce, that with the exception of some known individuals who went to Egypt with my Imperial fleet, I have pardoned, without distinction, all the officers, soldiers, and other persons employed who are now there. Although according to my other firman the' nomination of your officers above the rank of Adjutant is to be submitted to my decision, those who are now serving wig be confirmed in their posts, but you will send to my Sublime Porte a list cf these officers, in order that the firmans of confirmation may be forwarded to them. Such is my sovereign will, and to which you Rill hasten to conform.—Dated the 21 Zelhedji, 1256 (13th February,llBll)." The above firman was accompanied by the following letter of the same date from the Grand Vizier:— " His Highness the Sultan, satisfied with Jour eagerness to offer to him effectual proofs of your submission and your des're to fulfil the duties of obedience, has confirmed you in the go vernment of Egypt, with hereditary right. A hatti-scheriff, containing some conditions on this supject, a vizier's decora tion, and a cup enriched with jewels, are sent to you by his Ex cellency the Minister of Justice, Said Muhib Effendi, on the part of his Highness. Your wisdom and prudence will never permit you to forget the line of submission and fidelity which are a source of happiness in the two worlds. The Sublime Porte has entire confidence in you, and the insertion of the clauses in question does not proceed from any concealed v i ews to wards your Excellency. As so signal a favour as the pre rogative of hereditary right must necessarily le subjected to certain conditions, the Sultan has only inserted these clauses for the purpose of preventing all contestation which might arise in an unknown and uncertain future, and in order to secure the welfare of the inhabitants of Egypt. There no longer re mains any motive of distrust on the I art of the Sublime Porte, or of uneasiness on the part of your Excellency, either as to yourself or your family. Thanks to God the difference which so long existed has entirely ceased. Ido not doubt that your Excellency, in your wisdom, will appreciate the full value of the benefits of the Sultan, and endeavour to show your gratitude for them. If it should please God we will in future form only one body, nothing will divide us, and we will labour under the auspices of his Highness to serve religion, the State, and the nation ; in common with all the Ministers of the Sublime Porte I feel deep pleasure in this consideration." PORTUGAL. FALMOUTH, MARCH 26. We have received the following intelligence by the Tagus steamer, arrived this afternoon with Malta and Peninsula mailsl; her dates of leaving are, from Gibraltar the 18th, Cadiz the 19th, Lisbon the 22d, Oporto no communication, and Vigo the 24th inst. ; " LlsßoN, MARCII 22, 2 P.M. " Consequent upon a majority of 21 votes having been ob tained on Tuesday last. in the Chamber of Deputies upon the authorization to receive the decimas and imposts up to the end of June next, the Ministry has remained intact ; and M. Costa Cabral, who had tendered his resignation, still rJtains his portefeuille for the Justice department. On Wednesday this project was sent up to the Senate, dis cussed on Thursday with little or no opposition, and on the following day received the Royal Assent. To-day the Cham ber will continue the adjourned and simultaneous debates, for fixing the numerical force of the army and navy, as well as for the reorganization of the National Guard or militia. Against this latter measure petitions still continue to pour in from various parts of the kingdom, and, as generally surmised, will meet with a strong opposition. The land forces to consist of 24,000 men, 6,000 of whom are to 131 considered as always on furlough ; the marine force has not been stated. " The formation of a Company for the protection of the cul tivation and commerce of the Douro wines (an attempt at the revival of the Douro Wine Company) has been thrown out by a majority of 11 votes : a substitution, to be referred to a • C mmittee, was subsequently proposed by MM. Joze da Silva Carvalho, Marreca, and Joaquim Antonio de Magalhae., which was agreed upon. " '1 he law upon the partial alterations of the Customs' Tariffs, to take effect three months after its date, the llth inst., establishing a prohibitory duty upon almost all goods of British manufacture imported into the country for the Spanish market, was published on Wednesday last, the 17th inst. " The revenue of the Lisbon Custom-house, Excise-office, and Custom-house of Oporto, for the month of February last, raid in debentures, ex paper money, and coin, amounts con jointly to 229,515,306 refs, equal to 52,5791. Si. Id. sterling, showing a deficit on the preceding month of Jannary of 9,1421. lls. sterling. The Board of Public Credit has notified that the payment of the interest of the Four per Cents., clue for the second half year of 1840, will terminate on the 24th inst. ; and the payment of the interest which has also become due for the same half year, upon the consolidated bonds of paper money and titulos, will commence on the 29th. " The Cortes have just been Prorogued by commission to the 25th May neat, to the utter astonishment of the public in general. Exchange on London, a: 30 dabs' Eight, 531 pence per milrei. The packet from england, with the mail cf the lath inst., • has not yet arrived." THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 29, 1841 COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen held a Court on Saturday afternoon at Buckingham Palace. Mr. Fortique. the Venezuelan Minister, had an audience of the Queen to deliver a letter. Mr. Gonzalez, Envoy Extraordinary an I Minister Plenipotentiary, upon a special mission from the Queen of Spaip, had an audience of her Majesty to take leave. Their Excellencies were introduced by Viscount Palmer: ton, G. C. 8., her Majesty's principal Secre tary of State for Foreign Affairs, and conducted by Sir Robert Chester, Master of the Ceremonies. Her Majesty was attended by Viscount Torrington, Lord in Waiting, and Major the Hon. George Kappel, Groom in Waiting. Her Majesty and Prince Albert attended Divine Service yesterday morning in the Chapel Royal, St, James's.. The Bishop of Rochester preached the ser mon, taking his text from St. John, chap. 8, verse 51. The Prayers were read by the Rev. \Y. Povah ; the Lessons and Litany were read by the Rev. Dr. Wesley, and the A'tar service by the Rev. Dr. Sleath, Rev. Dr. Wesley, and the Rev. W. Povah. The musical service was Nares in C. The Commandments, Sanctus, and Chant, were Sale's. The Anthem was " Give the King thy Judgment" (Boyce). Mr. J. B. Sale pre sided at the organ. The Rev. Dr. Short was the Deputy Clerk of the Closet in Waiting. The Royal suite consisted of the Countess of Mount Erigcumbe, Hon. Miss Pitt, Hon. Miss Devereux, Viscount Torrington, Earl of Morley, Hon. Major Keppe!, Lord Alfred Paget, and Sir E. Bowater. The Queen and Prince Albert visited her Majesty the Queen Dowager yesterday afternoon, at Marl. borough House. Her Majesty came attended by the Countess of Mount Edgcumbe, in an open barouche and four. His Royal Highness arrived on horeeback, attended by Sir E. Bowater and Lord Alfred Paget. Her Majesty and Prince Albert visited the British Museum on Saturday afternoon, and were received on their arrival by Sir fit nry Ellis, and other officers of the institution. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness were attended by the Countess of Mount Elgcumbe, Hon. Miss De vereux, Viscount Torrington, Hon. Major Keppel, Lord Alfred Pagct, and Sir Edward Bowater. The Royal party remained two hours at the Museum. The Duchess of Kent visited her Majesty on Sa turday. Viscount Melbourne had an audience of the Queen on Saturday. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, attended by the Hon. Miss Pitt, Hon. Miss Devereux, Viscount Tor rington, Earl of Morley, Hon. Major Keppel, Lord Alfred Paget, and Sir Edward Bowater, honoured the Italian Opera with their presence on Saturday evening. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Anne Maria Dawson, also honoured the Opera with her preence. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent attended Divine Service yesterday morning- in Trinity Chapel, Sloane-street. Lady Anne Maria Dawson and Colonel Cooper were in waiting on her Royal Highness. The Duke of Cambridge, attended by Colonel Keate, took a drive on Saturday to Richmond and Kew. The Duchess of Gloucester paid a visit. to his Royal Highness on Saturday. His Royal Highness Prince Albert visited the Royal Duke yesterday. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday afternoon at the Foreign-office. It was attended by all the Mi nisterc. The Council sat two hours. A Deputation respecting coffee, headed by Mr. Pa ti son, M.P., had an interview with Mr. Labouchere, on Saturday, at the office of the Board of Trade. Despatches from Sir J. Franklin, Governor of V.in Diemen's Land, and also from the Governor of Gibral tar, were received yesterday at the Colonial-office. Sir George Young and Mr. Lister had intervie•vs with the Marquis of Normanby, on Saturday, at the Home-office. Mr. Hawes, M.P., and a Deputation, hid an inter view with Mr. Labouchere, on Saturday, at the Board of Trade. Captain Francis Seymcur left Buckingham Palace on Saturday, for the country. Viscount Melbourne had a Parliamentary dinner party on Saturday, at his residence in South-street. _ _ The Earl of Minto had a party on Saturday, at his residence in the Admiralty. ODE ON THE DEATH OF MOORE. Every reader of Pope will remember the well•know❑ line•— Garth did not write his own Dispensary ; all, too, who are familiar with the lives of our Poets, must recollect a shame-faced claim made in Ireland to rob Akenside of his right to the authorship of his well known Pleasures of Imagination. These were attempts made while their authors were yet alive—but in the Edinburgh Advertiser of the 19th of March we find in serted a tong correspondence, with credentials and affi davits of several kinds, to give to a new claimant the far-famed ode on the burial of Sir John Moore-- Not a drum was heard, &c. a poem heretofore attributed, without contradiction, to the Rev. C. Wolfe, the author of a few poems of a very plaintive and beautiful caste. The correspondence is too long for insertion, but the drift and nature of it is to this effect :—That the poem was. never claimed by Wolfe, that it was first printed in the Newry Telegraph of the 19th of April, 1817: that its real author was Mr. A. Mackintosh. in 1816 a student at Edinburgh, and at this day parish schoolmaster at Temple, wear Edinburgh ; that a Mr. A. M. Hartley, of Glasgow, had ',wad Mr. Mackintosh read it as his in 1816 or 1817 ; there are two other witnesses to the truth of this, and the whole is vouched by the Rev. William Muir, Assistant Minister at Temple, who seems to have dragged Mr. Mackintosh from his comparative obscurity into a little notice. Is there not something suspicious in a claim so long delayed—resting on insuffi cient testimony to do more than uesettle a very univer sal belief that the Ri v. Charles Wolfe was its author— and the two facts that the poem first appeared in an Irish, not a Scottish nee spaper, and with the initials of Mr. Wolfe :—C. W., not A. M. for Mr. Mackintosh ? Wolfe might have written it—he has poems to attest his abilities, but Mr. Mackintosh has none. We know, however, that there was such a person as Single-speech Hamilton, who made his ovt n one speech ; but we want fresh vouchers before we believe in Mr. Single-song Mackintosh.—Athenceum. PRESENTATION OF A CUP TO T. S. DUNCOMBE, ESQ. On Saturday at twelve o'cock, the following gentle men, members of the Adelphi company, viz. Messrs. Yates, Paul Bedford, Wilkinson, 0. Smith, Wright, George Wieland, Lyon, and Cullingford, waited upon Mr. Duncombe, Member for Finsbury, for the purpose of presenting a richly traced and highly chased and cm• bossed cup, weighing fifty-seven ounces, to the Hon. Member for the important character he recently per formed in " St. Stephen's Chapel" in the cause of the drama. The cup was subscribed for by the members of the Adeiphi company, and cost fifty guineas, and was got up in sp:endid style by Messrs. Green and Ward. It had two massive handles ; on one side the arms of Mr. Duneombe were beautifully engraA en, and on the opposite side was inscribed— " TO THOMAS SLINGSBY DUNCOMBE, ESQ., M.P. " MEASURE FOR MEASURE. " This cup was presented as a small token of gratitude for his exertions in the Commons House of Parlia ment in behalf of the drama and its professors, by the following members of the Adelphi company." Mr. Yates, in a very appropriate address, presented the cup. and Mr. Duncombe, in answer, defended the advantages arising from a proper representation of the drama in all civilized countries. Mr. Keeley and Mr. Hemming (though unconnected with tl e theatre) subscribed liberally to the cup. Mr. Paul Bedford (on the depuation taking leave), as an cctive member of the Drury-lane Theatrical Fu ad Committee, solicited the honour of Mr. Duncorabe's compv.ny to dinner on Wednesday next, at the annual festiva of the fund. The Hon. Member, th.nugh he would not make a positive promise to attce d, said he would make the most strenuous effort to do so. At a special meeting of the ;:iroprietors of the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway, held at Birming ham ou Tuesday, a proposition " That one morning and one evening passenger train (in addition to the mail train now running) be despatched front Birmingham to Glou cester every Sunday," was met by an amendment, " That no other trains ace required on the Sabbath than these now running for the conveyance of the mails." Upon a disi,ion the amendment was carried by 41 to 30. COVENT-GARDEN THEATRICAL FUND'-- Bartley, one of the treasurers of this excellent institution, has intimated to the Committee that his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge has appointed Thursday, the 29th of April, for the celebration of its annual festival. EFFECTS OF RAILWAYS.—There is, perhaps, no town in the kingdom where tratjc has suffered to so great an extent as that of Egham, through which, before the Great Western and Southampton Railroads were ore: ei, Le:ween seventy and eighty long stages passed during the day. For some time past only one coach, the Nisrth Devon, has proceeded through thetown, and that, it in stated, will be " off the road,' and finally cease run ning, on Monday next. Several of the inns are entirely closed, and the proprietors :of many of those which still continue open are scarcely getting " salt for their per iidge." Inns which formerly let for from 100/. to 1501. and more per annum, may '.tow be had for less than 30/. and 401. for the same term, REPRESENTATIQN OF MANCHESTER.-- About a month ago, we stated that the Manchester To ries had it in contemplation to propose Mr. Entwisle, the son-in-law of Mr. Edward Loyd, as a second candidate for the representation of the borough. This statement the Manchester Chronicle affected to deny at the time, and characterized it as " nonsensical and impertinent." The fact, however, is, that a requisition has this week been hawked about in various parts of the town, requesting Mr. Entvvisle to offer himself as a candidate; so that our information as to the intentions of the Conservatives turns out to have been a little more accurate than the Chronicle. .-Manchester Guardian. BOOKSELLERS' PROVIDENT IN- STITUTION. A Report of the present state of this valuable insti tution was lately read to the members at their annual meeting, held at the Albion Tavern, Cosmo Orme, Esq., presiding. We learn by it that upwards of tea thousand pounds, raised by subscriptions, gifts, and interest accumulitions, are already deposited in a public security, and that this sum is now available for the working purposes of the Utstitufon. The ad• vantages that associations of this kind foreshadow for the hard-working assistant of mercantile houses cannot be too highly prized, and if the class of individuals whom they best concern were sufficiently thoughtful of the future, few belonging to it would suffer themselves to be without the comfortable prospect that participa tion in such eleemosynary funds afford, should mis fortune and its train of distress overtake them. It will be se:n by the Report that the principal bock.sellers lave subscribed handsomely to the Society ; we should have been glad could we say that the names of some of our leading litterateurs—who have achieved wealth by the enterprise of the publisher and the labour of his clerk—also appeared as contributors. Such liberality on their part would have been no less becoming than graceful. REPORT OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR THE YEAR 1840-41. .--- --- The duty of the Directors of this institution of an nual!y presenting to its members and friends a Report of their proceedings is ore which must be attended with considerable benefit to all who are connected therewith, in making them more fully acquainted with those transactions in which they are individually concerned, and as a means of exciting a more lively interest in its welfare and prosperity. In fulfilling for the fourth time the pleasing task which devolves upon them, the Di rectors would briefly refer to the various important sub jects which have engaged their attention durirag the past year. At the commencement of the year which has just terminated, by the rules of the institution, a portion of its income became available for the temporary assist ance of its members. The great attention which must he paid to any claims of this nature, and the addition which would thereby be made to their previous labours, necessarily urged upon the Directors the propriety of devising some more efficient methods of fulfilling their various duties. To accomplish this, they availed them selves of the power given to them by the 28th rule, and framed a series of st lading orders, or bye-laws, which will be read by the Secretary. The Directors have endeavoured by these bye lass to make provision for the more regular conducting of business at their va rious meetings, for additional circumspection in the ad mission of new members, and for other purposes. That no delay may be experienced by any Member applying for assistance from the funds, the Directors have appointed a Committee, t 3 whom every applica tion made to the Secretary for relief, is to be immedi ately referred. It is the duty of this Committee to proceed at once to the investigation of every case thus brought before them ; and if, in their opinion, it bo one demanding immediate attention, they are empowered to give such assistance as in their judgment the case may require, until the next meeting of the Beard of Direc tors. By personal investigation of every case, and by administering with their own hands, the fun:!s entrusted to their care, it will be the endeavour of this Commit tee to carry out with a kind and liberal spirit one of the noblest features of the Institution. Two applications for assistance have already been made, which have afforded opportunities for carrying their determinations into kffi,ct. One of these cases was of a very tempo rary nature ; other may probably be of a much longer continuance. To the seasonable relief which in these instances has been given, they would also refer as illustrating more effectually the advantages and utility of an institution like the pr,sent. It is also a source of pecul:ar gra'ification to the Directors to be enabled to state that they have suc ceeded in their applications to several medical gentle men, eminent in their profession, whose names have Arcady appeared, to become the medical officers of the institution, and who will readily give their best advice in every case which may be sent by the Board of Direc tors for their consideration. Allusion was made in the last Report to an Ad dress which had been prepared and sent to all those in dividuals in the trade who had not joined the institu tion. Upon many of them the Directors have person ally waited, and more fully explained its nature and advan6ges. From these and similar efforts they have the pleasure of stating that during the past year thirty four names have been added to the list of its Members. Seven Members have been removed by death, and eleven have been excluded for non-payment of their subscriptions. T►,e following, therefore, will be a correct state ment of the number of Members at present belonging to the institution : Excluded for New Members Now on the ceased, Non-payment. Admitted. Life Members ... 4 14 Ann. Subscribers 3 9 13 Hon. Members ... 0 0 7 Books. 9.35 131 27 Total ...... 7 The Directors have again taken into their most anxious consideration such of the proposed new rules which did not receive the general approval of the members at the last annual meeting. Several alterations and additions have been made, and in their present form it is hoped that they will meet with the unanimous approbation of the meeting. The Report of the auditors shows a considerable in crease in the state of the funds, and it is with much pleasure that the Directors refer to the list of donations which have been made during the past year. The Directors most unfignedly congratulate the members upon the still improving position and prospects of the institution, which they are justified in believing will amply carry out the views of the projectors, and ultimately stand as a splendid and honourable testimony of the liberality and benevolence of the trade. In concluding their Report, the Directors would urge upon the members and friends of the institution, the propriety of using their utmost endeavours to increase the number of its members. They are aware that there are some in the trade so inattentive to their own interest, or so indifferent to that of others, as to refuse to belong to it. With men who are resolved to shut their eyes upon consequences, or are unwilling to sacri fice the smallest immediate to the greatest future advan tage, it is in vain to reason ; but there are still many who hesitate, waiting to ascertain more correctly the spirit and manner in which the institution will be con ducted. To them every explanation should be afforded, every inducement held out, and every assurance given, that by becoming members, they will secure to them selves its friendly assistanc e in the time of need, or have the happiness of contributing to the necessities of their brethren. COSMO ORME, President. LIST OF OFFICERS FOR THE YEARS 1841-2. pREsiDENT. COSMO ORME, Esq. - - VI CE - PRESIDENTS. Henry Colburn, Esq. John Miles, Esq. J2mer3 Duncan, Esq. Anthony K. Newman, Esq. Thr,mas N. Longman, Esq. RoLert Saunders, Esq. Joim Murray, Esq, Thomas Tegg, E , .q. HONORARY VICE PRESIDENTS. Joseph Bonsor, Esq. Thomas Gardiner, Esq. William Clowes, Esq. Andrew Spottiswoode, Esq. William Clement, Esq. John Walter, Esq. John Dickinson, Esq. TRrS' 'ER!. Thos. Kelly,Esq., Alderman.' Edmund Hodgson, Esq. James Nisbet, Esq. Jame; M. Richardson, Esq. TREASURER.—Thomax Brown, Esq. AUDITOIIS.—Mr. R. Burnside; Mr. J. Eden ; Mr. I. Parsons. HaNORAAY SECRETARY.-Mr. W. Meyrick, Furnivara Inn. HONORARY MEDICAL OFFICEns.—Dr. Darling, Rus sell-square ; Dr. James Johnson, Suffolk-place ; J. F. South, Esq., 2, Adelaide-place, London-bridge; Dr. A. T. Thompson, Welbcck-strect. THE CHANNEL ISLANDS' PACKET STATION. —lt is difficult to conceive upon what principle it is de cided to continue the pert of Weymouth as the packet station of the islands of Guernsey and Jersey. The prin ciple which must be the primary consideration in may arrangement for transmitting the mails is a quick delivery, to produce which shortening the distance would be the first consideration ; and how stands the fact, when looking at the facilities afforded by Weymouth for this purpose as compared with those of Southampton? The distance from London to Weymouth is fifty miles more than to Southampton. Packets leave the port of Weymouth only twice a week, while they leave Southampton six times, A letter posted in London would take by the route of Weymouth at least th ree da y s to reach Guernsey, unless posted at the p articular time wLizh will enable it to be transmitted imme liatel y on its arriv a l at Weymouth by the packet; while if se nt via from South at its i e p ap t e o lla n i could ve , ec i r t y.fatit t : h e b e p forwardedodestinationst . c f c ice, twenty-four . any -wf oo day,uurld be delivered at hours after it was immediately on posted in London. In addition to this there is a day mail from London to Southampton, and thus letters could be forwarded to the islands the same da y th ey were posted in town, and delivered the nex t mornin g t o those to whom t ra h o e t y i motives r e could ndd r elrsasvee i n d uc ed the bunglin g arrangements d . It is impossible to conj ecture w h et come to by the Government., no doubt on the recom mendation of the P e rt Commissioners , which are certainly entirely opposed to every principle of conv en i ence , an d most injurious to the public int erests, sin ce the commercial interc6urse between London a nd Guernse y a nd Jersey is of sufficient importance to ren der suck a dela y i n the thetrans mitting _Hampshi re In dependent. mails a most seri ous matter.—.. CARDINAL YORK. --Car dinal York was offi ciating in the church when we went in, and immediately sent to tell the ladies they must pull off their hats, or else go out. This peremptory order of the ex-prince could not very easily be complied with, a ccordin g to t he present pins, &e. a d r. ladies' hats ii haitis Rai beingo3Hi g hneqs had provided a per. f a stened on the cushion by l ong ruquer t o ex t r icate them. They the refore refus ed to obey. Many m e ss ag es passed and repasse d. Mrs. S. sent him word that she bad not heard mass, and left the o m i ss i on in's gr andfather, full of p r id e , v o i n sa h gtd co fe a l s i c o i w e , nce v . ery He is an ugly, foolish-looking, long_ like and just such another obstinate bigot.—Swinburne's Courts of Europe. EMIGRATION. We see that this subject is attracting attention in Germany as well as England, and a remark in a late number of the Allyemeine Zeitung, teaches by one word that there is much more in this subject than our common philosophy has sounded. Tt is there stated that unless the Germans go to South America in masses, they cannot hope to withstand the barbarism by which they will be surrounded. They will fall into the savage or semi-savage state. But if they go in masses, the opinion is they will be preserved from it. This opinion seems to be correct. It is the massing together of human beings, mutually satis fying their wants, on easy terms, by the divi sion of labour, which promotes civilization. Now, to the massing of people together, the selling or letting land on the Wakefield plan, is not essential. Scarcity of land is incidental to the peculiar condition of Europe : it is much less stringent, however, looking at the number of population on a square mile, in Germany than in Ireland, yet the want of room is equally felt in both. But this incidental and unessential cir cumstance has been made the basis of our emi gration system. Unfortunately the Colonial office, because it yields a large land fund, to add to the sums which it has to disburse, has readily adopted this scheme, and the unessential circum stance is made the guide of our national councils. Barbarism, and a few and scanty popula tion, are identical. All the known improve ments in society have originated amongst a comparatively dense population. The wisdom of God is not the wisdom of man, and hence the very circumstance of powerful Indian tribes being found in the vicinity of the first settlers from Great Britain in North America, which they experienced to be a great evil, kept them cemented together, and prevented them from falling into barbarism, by scattering themselves sparingly over that continent. Hence we say with the German Journalist, it is massing and keeping human beings together which is the essential circumstance to promote civilization. The present plan ofobtaining that end is for some power to seize on land, and put a high price on it, transporting with the money so obtained to the spot sold a great number of labourers. This scheme, establishing a proprietary and a labour class, distinguished from, and opposed to, each other, carries with it all the evils of a European monarchical society. Looking at the present contrasted condition of these two classes, of advantage we think to neither, we conclude it cannot be for the permanent benefit of mankind to perpetuate, by an artificial contrivance, such a peculiar and not happy condition. The objectbeing the condensation of a considerable number of hu man beings, not the separation of mankind into landowners and over-toiled and under-paid la bourers, it would probably be as well obtained by a voluntary association, sensible of the princi ple on which it depends, as by the Government claiming the possession of the soil, and selling it for large sums, which are not always appropriated to the purposes for which they are obtained. We throw out this hint for the consideration of those who are now with great propriety intent on emigration, but who waste, we think, their re sources by buying land of Government, or of usurping companies and quackish adventurers. IRELAND. The following is the letter of Lord Ebrington to the Duke of Leinste►, anncuncing a subscription of 2001. to the Irish Agricultural Association, which we noticed some days ago. The letter is characteristic of the good sense and kind disposition of the present Lord• Lieu. tenant of Ireland : " Dublin Castle, March 12, 1841. "My dear Duke,—l request that you will have the goodness to announce to the Committee of the Irish Agricultural Society a contribution from me of 2001. " I have abstained from offering this at an earlier period of your proceedings from no want of interest in their success, but under an impression that that success would be based on a surer foundation from the spon taneous liberality and public spirit •f Irish gentlemen, than from any additional stimulus which my co-opera tion, as the heal of the Government, could have given to the outset of the undertaking. " The result has fully borne out my expectations, and whilst the general principle of the English and Highland Agricultural Societies will, I believe, furnish you the best materials wherewith to form one for Irelsud, the composition of the Committee, of which your Grace h the Chairman, cffords a full guarantee that these prin ciples will be judiciously and beneficially adapted to this country.—l am always, my dear Duke, yours very sincerely, "EBRIN GTON. " The Duke of Leinster." GREENOCK.- , OPENING OF THE RAILWAY. _Monday two locomotives with twelve waggon• loaded with coke arrived at the terminus, direct from Glasgow. At Paisley the arrival of the train was hailed with cheers, and on arriving at Bishopton the workmen and villagers turned out and welcomed the unexpected ♦isitors by tre mendous cheering. The trains, in coating over the line, were stopped on every arch, and thus tried the stability of the works. The first train ran over the whole line of the railway the very day that the Ptupendous and magnificent water-wheel of the cotton-mill performed its first revolu tions. Tuesday next the Directors and Shareholders are to proceed from this town to Glasgow by the railway ; and, on the following day, the line is to be open to the public. We congratulate our readers on the near completion of a work fr,2rn which we confidently anticipate much conve nience to individuals, and great benefit to the town. Glasgow Chronicle. SHAMEFUL AND UNFEELING FRAUD.—We have received a number of communications, in reference to the scandalous fraud perpetrated upon mechanics and others by offering them engagements in New York, on condition of their sending a sovereign each, to secure registration ; but, as these do not add materially to the facts detailed in the Guardian on Wednesday, we do not think it neces sary to publish any of them. From what has come to our knowleige on the subject, we are inclined to think that many of those who have been imposed upon by the letters of Mr. Washington Percival, and induced to send a sove reign each to No. 2, Oxford-street. will recover their money; as he seems to have taken alarm at something which ho saw or heard, and discontinued his ,:sits to the house, before any large number of letters had arrived. One communication which we have received, states that there were in the care of the police as many letters as a man could hold in both hands, many of them evidently contain ing money or orders. We believe it will turn out that no letters which arrived in London after the ltitk instant would fall into the bands of the swindlers; and those parties who transmitted money on or after that day would do well to address letters to the head Commissioners of the Metropolitan Police, Scotland Yard, London, re questing that their money may be returned; taking care at the same time, to give very careful and clear directions as to the mode in which letters are to be addressed so as to find them.-21fanchester Guardian. CHARTIST VINDICATION.—Mr. Hethering ton, in a letter to the Chronicle, attempts a vindication of the wrong-headedness of the Chartist'. Failing in novel argisateate, he introduces the story of the cock. " The working classes who attend public meetings are Leginning to take a right view of their position. They view the parties calling a public meeting, for any purpose nut in cluding the suffrage, in the light of the rustic who was re. presented convoking the poul'ry of his barn-yard, with this opening address;—' Dear animals, I have assembled von to advise me what sauce I shall dress you with ;' to which a cock responding, We don't want to be eaten,' is checked by You wander from the point.' Just so with you, Sir. When we demand political justice and protec tion above all other things, you tell us that we wander from the point,' and ' deprecate' public meetings, called for the express purpose cf asking the cocks what sauce they shall be dressed with—being thus violently thrust into abeyance,' " REVISION OF OUR COMMERCIAL CODE.— On Wednesday morning, at eleven o'clock, pursuant to notice, the Mayor presided at a public meeting held for the above purpose in the Town-hall. Mr. T. H. Higgin then moved the adoption of a petition, praying Parliament to revise the whole of our Commercial Code. Mr. J. Armstrong seconded the adoption of this proposition. A mechanic of the name of Lund,seconded by another named Addison, moved an amendment, to the effect that the work ing classes were much interested in this discussion, and that therefore it should be adjc urned until half-past seven, in order to give them an opportunity of attending. Agreed to. At the adjourned meeting Mr. John Greg made a few re marks. Thomas Lund, a Chartist, said the Chartists are favourable as any man con be to free trade, yet we differ from many things the last speaker has said. The W^nigs have given us some good measures, but they have also with them given us bushels of Evil. Look at the COE tinuance of the war system. Is it right to increase Dirt commerca and extend the Gospel at the point of the bayonet ? He despaired under the present system of ever sitting the rights of the people attended to, land therefore should move, as an amendment, that the charter, as a means to an end, take priorlty of all other measure:. 'lbis amendment was seconded by another Chartist. The Weyer said that the amendment proposed by Lund could nont be put. Mr. T. H. Higgin agreed with what the Mayor had said. The original motion was carried. Af er tbanking the Mayor the meeting separated. —Lancas hire Guardian. We hear that some curious discoveries of old c Dins, bones, &c., have lately been made in pulling down the French Protestant church in Theadneedle-street, by Mr. Moxliay, the purchaser of the ground from the City. One of the coins appears (although the image and super scription are almost entirely effaced) to be one of Cha rtes I. 's reign. From a reference to old books and rece,rds, the space in the immediate vicinity of the French church, which is enclosed on one side by Threadneelc stre et, and on the other by Old Broad-street, was for meely laid out in garden?. LITERATURE. 111 0 ORE'S POETICAL WORKS, V . oz. VI. Longman, London, 1841. In his preface to this volume, Mr. Moore gives some interesting particulars respecting Lalla. Rookli, the most successful, with the exception perhaps of the Irish Melodies, of all his poems. After stating that a negotiation was opened on the subject with the Longmans in the year 181 4 2, and that the late Mr. Perry offered himself as the poet's representative in the treaty, he goes on to say—" The short discussion that then took place between the two parties, may be comprised in a very few sentences. 'lam of opinion,' said Mr. Perry, enforcing his view of the case by argu ments which it is not for me to cite, . 4 that Mr. Moore ought to receive for his poem the largest price that has been given, in our day, for such a work.' That was,' answered the Messrs. Long man, three thousand guineas.' Exactly so,' replied Mr. Perry, ' and no less a sum ought he to receive. It was then objected, and very ma-, sonably, on the part of the firm, that they had never yet seen a single line of the poem; and that a perusal of the work ought to be allowed to them, before they embarked so large a sum in the purchase. But no, the romantic view which my friend Perry took of the matter was, that this price should be given as a tribute to repu tation already acquired, without any condition for a previous perusal of the new work. This high tone, I must confess, not a little startled and alarmed me ; but, to the honour and glory of romance—as well on the publisher's side as the poet's—this very generous view of the trans action was, without any difficulty, acceded to, and the firm agreed, before we separated, that I was to receive three thousand guineas tor my poem." At this period, scarcely a line of Lalla Rookli, as it at present stands, had been written but in the year 1816, it was sufficiently advanced to be placed in the publishers' hands. Alluding to the time spent in its composition, Mr. Moore tells us that lie had been "at all times a far more slow and painstaking workman than would ever • be guessed." This confession does not at all take us by surprise. for we have no great faith in what may be called the impromptu inspirations of ge nius, and cordially agree with Sheridan that very often " your easy writing is d—d hard reading.' Genius, if it desire to display itself to advantage, and make its fine powers appreciated, must labour, and labour hard too; it must dig deep for the golden ore of thought and sentiment, and not content itself with that which comes readiest to hand, and lies on the surface. But to resume our quotations : Having thus laid open the secrets of the workshop to ac count for the time expended in writing this work, I must also, in justice to my own industry, notice the pains I took in long and laboriously reading for it. To form a store-house, as it were, of illustration purely Oriental, and so familiarise myself with its various treasures, that, as quick as Fancy required the aid of fact, in her spiritings, the memory was ready, like an other Ariel, at her " strong bidding," to furnish materials for the spell-work,—such was, for a long while, the sole object of my studies ; and whatever time and trouble this preparatory process may have cost me, the effects resulting from it, as far as the humble merit of truthfulness is concerted, have been such as to repay me more than sufficiently for my pains. I have not forgotten how great was my pleasure, when told by the late Sir James Mackintosh, that he was once asked by Colonel W —s, the historian of British India, " whether it was true that Moore had never been in the East ?" " Never," answered Mackintosh. " Well, that shows me," replied Colonel W--s, "that reading over D'Herbelot is as good as riding on the back of a camel." I need hardly subjoin to this lively speech, that although D'Herbelot's valuable work was, of course, one of my manuals, I took the whole range of all such Oriental reading as was ac cessible to me ; and became, for the time, indeed, far more conversant with all relating to that distant region, than I have ever been with the scenery, productions, or modes of life of any of those countries lying most within my reach. We know that D'Anville, though never in his life out of Paris, was able to correct a number of errors in a plan of the Troad taken by De Choiseul, on the spot; and, for my own very different, as well as far inferior, parposes, the knowledge I had thus ac quired of distant localities, seen only by me in my day-dreams, was no less ready and useful. An ample reward for all this painstaking has been found in such welcome tributes as I have just now cited ; nor can I deny myself the gratification of citing a few more of the same descrip.ion. From another distinguished authority on Eastern subjects, the late Sir John Malcolm, I had myself the plea suoe of hearing a similar opinion publicly expressed ;—that eminent person, in a speech spoken by him at a Literary Fund Dinner, having remarked, that together with those qualities of the poet, which he much too partially assigned to me, was combined also "the truth of the historian." Few poems have been honoured with more tri umphant marks of public approbation than Lalla Rookh. On its first appearance it was received with a burst of enthusiasm by all classes of English readers ; and since then, it has been translated, not only into most of the Continental languages, but even into Persian ! Mr. Fraser met with a copy of it at a " town on the shores of the Caspian;" and a splendid divqrtissement, founded on it, was acted at the Chateau Royal of Berlin, in 182'2 when the present Emperor and Empress of Russia performed two of the principal characters! Yet notwithstanding these striking testimonies in favour of its power of awakening interest, we are not disposed to rank Lalla Rookh among the happiest flights of its author's genius. It is too much encumbered— indeed overlaid—with ornament; and the very learning, on which Mr. Moore so much piques himself, assists in leading him astray from the right path of taste and judgment. With a little less parade of orientalisms he would have pro duced a better poem, nor would lie have lost anything in point of popularity. THE FRENCH STAGE AND THE FRENCH PEOPLE. Two VoLs. Colburn, _London, 1841. From the title of this work many readers would be apt to suppose that it referred to the drama as it at present exists in France, but such is not the case ; it is a collection of anecdotes and sketches illustrative, for the most part, of the French stage previous to the revolution, when I'reville and Le Kain were in the height of their celebrity, and Talma was yet a name unknown. The au- • thor is M. Fleury, a comic actor of considerable note during the latter part of the reign of Louis the Sixteenth, and who was specially ipatronized by the ill-fated Marie Antoinette, herself an amateur performer of no ordinary talent. In his second volume, M. Fleury indulges in some re miniscences of the stage subsequent to the death of the King and the Queen, and makes one or two passing -allusions to Napoleon, and the effect that his avowed patronage produced on the drama; but these are the most meagre and uninteresting portions of his work, whose attrac tion may be said to be confined in a great mea sure to the first volume. It is from this, there fore, that we shall select our extracts; and first, here is a recollection of Voltaire at Ferney, with whom the author, then scarcely out of his teens, and. just commencing his theatrical career, chanced to be staying on a visit : We stayed about a fortnight at Ferney, and during that time were overwhelmed with kindness and attention by the great philosopher. For my part, I had my share of censure as well as of praise, and both had their influence on my subsequent success. I have still present in imagination that satirical coun tenance, every wrinkle of which seemed to laugh the whole world to scorn. Voltaire's wig was a memorable curiosity. I had for some time sacrilegiously premeditated an attack on this strange sanctuary of genius; and I made an attempt to put my design into execution one morning when the philosopher sallied forth after breakfast. Voltaire turned sharply round, and with his penetrating eye scanned my little figure from head to foot, while I stood as it were transfixed and spell-bound. After a few moments he said, " Per-met-tez-nioi, Mon-sieur Having uttered these words, dividing the syllables in his pecu ' liar manner, he paused as if ransacking his memory, as if searching for some appropriate term of reproach. Then curling his mouth to the left side of his face, as he always did when he wished to be particularly sarcastic, he continued, " Per-met tez-moi, Mon-sieur . . . de Fleury . . . to tell you (here he softened his tone, doubtlessly thinking me sufficiently punished), that I am not royal enough to understand and tolerate pages' tricks. Remember, that at the court of Ferney wigs are re spected in consideration of what may happen to be within them." Observing my mortified and penitent air (which he seemed to suspect, and rightly, was partly assumed), he placed his hand under my chin, and raising my head, said, " Come, let me look at you ; if I mistake not, there is something in your face that tells me you will be a wicked rogue, and a good actor." Every one remembers, of course, Burke's de scription of Marie Antoinette, whose charms of face and figure have been praised in the most extravagant terms by almost every writer who lived during her reign. We subjoin M. Fleury's sketch of this celebrated Queen, who is not quite so lavish of his admiration of her, except as an actress : I have seen her Majesty perform, and superintended several rehearsals, and her acting appeared to me to be very far from royally had. She was quite at her ease on the stage ; and the art of acting the acquirement of self-possession is.one-Jialf the battle. On the other hand, Iby no means agree with those who have so loudly extolled the beauty of Marie-Antoninmetore Still there was something in her look and manner e o v u e fascinating than positive beauty . large, had a power of expression wy formed. Her month, of her neck and shoulders ex.hichilreerndeerYeeds'thehm agpherfneco-tt: • index of her mind. Her skin con tourwasqudi.estliitcealwtehliychfaii,ra,sabnedenthteerrne(l though stamped with that peculiarity which was peculiarly appropriate In Blaise and Babet, for sas exceedingypretty,a anclhad aincemrtaaniny t o h f e th poutingAustrianec h expression, raet l e iP r the following lines : half reciting, half singing, b she persona e . example, nothings could . be more charming than her manner of "Le soir dansa stir I her ette, Blaise et moi nous dansions tons deux; Mais it me quitta pour Lisette Qui vint se meler a ncs jeux." The fact is, that the Queen's acting was characterised by a degree of grace, feeling, and delicacy, which would hare made the fortune of any public performer. These volumes, winch are translated, we pre sume, by the Editor, Theodore Hook, abound in curious anecdotes, though they certainly do not illustrate the manners of the French people, as is stated in the title-page. CHOICE SELECTIONS FROM THE BEST FRENCH POETS. Whittaker, L on d on, 1841. The compiler of this useful school book, M. Delille, is a gentleman well known as a success ful teacher of the French language, and the EVENING author of many elementary works 41. 1 .1t,Ipt,.. rm ina lc.i s sr o guage, which are favourably spoken of by those who are qualified to judge of their utility. The present work will not detract from Mr. IJelille's reputation, for it is compiled with great skill and judgment ; the extracts from the.different French poets are arranged in chronological order, which is a great improvement on the majority of similar publications ; and a treatise on French versifica tion is added, in which will be found many ser viceable suggestions to those who may desire to become acquainted with the laws that regulate the metrical productions of our continental neighbours. We have Looked over the various extracts carefully, and have been much pleased with the good taste manifested in those that have been taken from Moliere, La Fontaine, and Racine. DIBDIN'S SONGS. The name of Dibdin has been before the public for fully seventy years. The first Dibdin, as an actor, musical composer, and dramatist, kept possession of the stage for nearly half a century; he was celebrated: and idolised during his life time as the most successful and varied writer of sea-songs in any age, and his memory at the pre sent day is still associated with the fearless courage, and the renowned vict9ries of British sailors. He wrote above 1,300 sags, most of them good, some of them excellent, and not a few of them admirably calculated to obtain the great objects he had in view—to cherish in the breast of the sailor a love of country, to console him under his numerous deprivations and hard , ships, to look in every contest, however unequal, upon victory as certain and defeat impossible. Never, perhaps, was there such a confirmation of the well-known saying of Chatham, or some other Feat statesman, on the effect of national songs in forming the national character, for it is now universally allowed that his war-songs (in unison, we admit, with the genius of British sailors) did more to reconcile them to their con dition, and cheer them on to victory, than all the regulations of the Admiralty, the thanks of Parliament, the expected repose for old age in Greenwich Hospital, or any pensions, places, or honours whatever. So sensible of this truth were the Government at one time that they granted Charles Dibdin an annuity of 2001. as an inducement to give up his professional engage ments, and write, publish, sing, and distribute war songs for the navy. That salary, by some ill-judged economy, or some unaccountable mis apprehension about the nature of the engage ment, was pitifully withdrawn by another Mi nistry, at a tune, too, when this celebrated writer was but little able to submit to the deprivation. A third Ministry, possibly ashamed of the mi serable policy of their predecessors, or desirous to lessen them in public opinion, renewed a portion of the salary when it was too late, Dibdin en joyed the pittance for only a few years, and died, like Burns, in poverty, but not in obscurity, both signal instances of the folly and ingratitude of rulers who lavish millions in useless expedi tions, or wars without an object, who confer honours and pensions (to the third or fourth generation, or for ever) on Admirals and Ge nerals; and deny, even for their own life, a bare existence to those patriots whose national songs have cherished the spirit of independence, roused the courage of our soldiers and sailors in the day of battle, and carried with them their more fortu nate leaders on to victory. The present Govern , ment seem to have some glinunering, too, of their duty in this respect; but they exhibit only the blindness of men groping about in the dark, for whil3 they have conferred ample pensions on Mrs. Somerville and Sir David Brewster, and other astronomers and opticians, all that they have done for the only surviving son of Charles Dibdin, as far as the public. are aware, is to pa tronize a volume of his father's songs lately pub lished, the Admiralty taking 500 copies, and most of the members of the ittoy-al Family from 50 to 10 copies, at the price of ss. each. Thi s son, we believe, is now in his 73d year : he pos sessed, in his best days, the genius and persever ance of his father; hP has written also many na tional songs and pieces for the stage, and, like his father, seems destined to go down to the grave as a second instance of national ingratitude to wards the same family. , A pension for his short life, if only to honour the memory of Dibdin, would do more credit to the Melbourne Mini try, and give more general satisfaction than all the pensions they have yet conferred on literary genius. The book referred to is entitled " Dib din's Sea Songs," though it contains others of a different sort, and by different authors; it ex tends to -352 pages, beautifully printed by Clowes, and published by Murray, and is illus trated by numerous sketches by George Cruik shank. When it reaches a second edition,Which we expect soon, Mr. Dibdin might improve it greatly by leaving out some, and adding six or eight of his father's best songs, with notes illus trative of the occasions on which they were writ ten, and the persons to whom they refer. He has done this with good effect in the description of his father's grave, and the occasion which gave rise to one of his best songs, ‘.‘ Tom Bowling." which, though well known, we shall make no apology for giving at length. The following. ex tract from the a Memoir of Charles Dibdin " will be read with interest : His retirement on a gratuity of 2001. a year, awarded him rather late, for having, at the express desire of the then Ministry, put himself to an expense of more than 6001., by quitting highly lucrative provincial engagements, and opening his theatre in a hot July to considerable nightly less (in town), where he was instructed to write, sing, publish, and give away what were termed war songs, is well-known, as he publicly stated the par. titulars, accompanied by the melancholy fact, that before ho bad enjoyed the said income long enough to repay his actual los:es in earning it, it was withdrawn by a succeeding Ministry. A part of it was restored a short period antecedent to his death, which took p'ace in lei& in his 69th year, in Arlington-street, • Camden Town. He was followed to the grave by his sons Charles and Thomas, his medical attendant, and the celebrated philanthropic oculist and eccentric writer John Taylor, of The Sun newspaper. He was interred in the burial ground of St. James, Camden Town, where, in the midst of a clump of flow ering shrubs, his " frail memorial" quotes, from his own beau tiful song, that— " Though his body's under hatches His s ml is gone aloft l" which lines he had written in memory of a brother, who was many years master of a vessel in the merchant service, and from whom lie imbibed that devotedness to members of the nautical profession which characterised his works and life. He had another brother (an auctioneer) and a sister, long since dead. He had three sons—the youngest died at sea quite a youths, in 1794 ; the eldest, Charles, many years a proprietor of Sadler's Wells Theatre, and author of the operas of the Far. wer's Wife, My Spouse and I, and innumerable burlettas, songs, and pantomimes, died in 1831. He also left a married slaughter, and the son who, with perhaps too minute prolixity, has attempted this Memoir. Mr. Dibdin wrote above 1,300 songs, and Isis soxis nearly double that number. TOM BOWLING. Here, a sheer hulk, lies poor Tom Bowling, The darling of our crew ; No more he'll hear the tempest howling, For death has brought bim to. His form was of the manliest beauty, His heart was kind and soft, Faithful, below, he did his duty, , But now he's gone aloft. Tomiis virtues neverfromm,erhe so rare, His re departed, His friends were many and true-hearted, His Poll was kind and fair : And then he'd sing so blithe and jolly, Ah, many's the time and oft ! But mirth is turn'd to melancholy, For Tom is gone aloft. Yet shall poor Tam find pleasant weather, When He, who all commands, Shall give, to call life's crew together, 'The word to pipe a It hands. Thus Death, who kings and tar s despatches, In vain Tom's life has doff'd, For, though his body' s under hatches, His soul is gone a.loft. pemoinnviWivolueadlra had forwarded moat libera DITURY-LANg THEATRICAL FIJND.--The an fund takes nesday next, at the Freemasons' -hall. On Saturday the an nual dinner cf this admirable Secretary repotted that he bad been honoured with Com. o tii re ra po a r n t y ed that Mr. T; Cooke munications from nearly twp hundred illustrtous and di g tirguished personsges who bad kindly condescended to be come- partmentli:stei onv7i:c'ec-ePnnrdeeuliedatelsn,the musical de • professional ladies and , and that the following pr gentlemen had kindly velunteered their tervices on the onnation. Hawes, Miss Roinforth, Miss Grant, and Wil liams; Mr. Hatton (the celebrated • the Miakes pianist) 1 Benne tt, Walmslcy, SlOXley, Bl ew , it Messrs. J. tt, Coll Be ll am y, CraLeh, Terrail, J. Bland, YET*, Spencer, S. J ones . and Paul Bedford. pc Fitzwilliatp, Nelson, bridge is ex; ected to honour the Ince George of Cam bridge ; and the festival, it i company with his pre with great splendou". s anticipated, will be got *JP RAILROADS I N I serves fully in a position to state—indeed we may say railroad, southwards the formstion of a line of and that s from Dublin, will be soon -under taken,hiihave b t from the arrangements and agreements liamentar notice=, made, the delays attendant upon Par. the wt tart' t b ic") &C., will be obviated, so as to enable commenced long before it could be if these forms were to be observed. The funds are to be supplied by three great London capitalists, with whose names we are acquainted, and whose immense wealth is indisputable. Iha terms upon which they contribute theta are also communicated to us, and all the difficulties which were interposed by Sir Robert Peel and his pr.r'y in he year 1639, r gsinst the Government making grant or advance-1140Y insisting that the work should a be carried on by private enterprise--are nit and t h e present arrangement, con quered by Government being in the meanwhile so mixed up with itthat all its aid will be drawn in. It wculd give us great satisfaction if, in making this announcement, we were enabled to state that it was intended. in the first instance to undertake the ra ilroad all through to Cork; but at present the work is only c ontemplated to extend to Holy Cross, in the county o f Tipperary—the extension to Cork and Limeribk to b e completion of the first work.--. post p o ned till after th e i • Cork Reporter. S U INT ), ••••• -1 / 4 -7,j i __ : - - i ...,, •,-, - by'l r•'...f. t.,:''''' .f'v..,' .--- .. .-!..lfL ..: - ---„, '*% A' ,,. , -*J -,..= - A .- - i#!iot