The Sun. — London, England, 1870-03-26 00:00:00

MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. THE EDUCATION BILL. The storm of meetings orliMr. Forster's Bill seems "to have subsided a little. The Nonconformists of 7 - Birmingham have had another gathering ; land the Calvinistic Methodists of North Wales Lave just sent a memorial to Mr. Glad stone praying him to make the measure 'perfectly unsectarian. But the public now seems disposed to wait the discussion in committee—a dis cussion for which, according to present appearances, they will have to wait some time. The 'Beehive understands "that a Radical M.P., well-known for his straightforward and judicious 'advocacy of the interests of the working classes, .intends to move an important amendment in the :Education Bill in committee." At present the mea ,sure proposes to mike the rate for the support of schools part of the poor-rate; the amendment will suggest that there be a distinct school rate. . bill to amend the present law relating to the .egal condition of alien and British subjects has been brought from the House of Lords. Under certain pro visions real and personal property of every description may be acquired, held, and disposed of by an alien in the same manner in all respects as by a natural born British subject. The title to such property may be derived through, from, or in succession to an alien, as in the cases of British subjects. The operation of the Act will, however, be liable to be suspended by her Majesty during the continuance of hostilities between this country and any states with which we may be at war, of which such aliens are subjects. A clause takes away the privilege enjoyed by an alien of being tried by a mixed jury. For the future he will be tried as though he were a natural-born British subject. British subjects 'will be capable of renounc ing their allegiance to her Majesty, who have volun tarily become, or shall hereafter become, naturalised in any foreign State. Certificates of naturalisation will in all cases be made use of, and a form of an oath of allegiance has been laid down. AN EDUCATIONAL SQUARE MILE. The Society of Arts have endeavoured to grapple with the problem of popular education by causing a pamphlet written by Mr. Bartley to be issued, giving an account of "the educational condition and requirements of one square mile in the East-end of London." The district includes the worst portion of Bethnal-green, Shoreditch, and Hoxton, a part of Kingsland, Hackney, and the whole of Haggerstone. Within the given square mile there is an estimated population of 130,000, of which there were 30,000 children, between three and twelve years of age. Of these 30,000, about 11,000 are in schools. It would. follow, the report points out, that nearly twenty thousand out of the thirty thousand receive no regu lar instruction. A surprising feature of this educa tional destitution is, that though there are 20,000 children not in attendance at school, there is accom modation in the existing schools for 3,500 children ',which is not taken advantage of. The cause of this , state of things is attributed to the apathy of parents, many of whom are found to be earning as much as £2 ss. a week, the very poor earning 10s. or 12s. per week. The report questions whether a rate sufficient for the requirements of the district could be levied in such parishes as Bethnal Green. It suggests, however, that if those helpless people who spend £450,000 a year on the public-houses and beerhouses of the district would for one year invest one penny out of every eight they now spend in drink, the money required for the schoolbuildings would be raised by themselves. THE NATURALISATION BILL. TIPPERARY ELECTION. A petition has been presented against the return of Mr. D. C. Heron for Tipperary county. There are numerous counts, the chief of them being that Mr. Heron and others exercised undue influence, and gave or promised money; that Mr. Heron himself, or his agents, procured delay in the transmission of telegraphic messages addressed to Kickham's voters, giving directions as to polling. The petition also alleges personation in Heron's interest, and that the returning officer illegally refused certain votes tendered for Kickham. As the majority over the Nationalist candidate was only four, a very few votes " illegally refused " would alone settle the question—provided the petitioners can establish this point. NEWARK. Political matters are very unsettled at Newark, a seat for which is left vacant by Mr. Denison's death. Mr. Bristowe, the recorder of the town, has issued an address in the advanced Liberal interest, promising his support to Mr. Gladstone, the Ballot, and a modification of the game laws and the poor law. Sir Henry Storks is also a candidate, and is likely to gain the support of Conservatives and some of the late member's friends. The Major-General declared in favour of the present Government and freedom of voting; but does not give any sign of adhesion to the Ballot. UNION CLERKS AND PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS. Mr. Bernal Osborne, M.P., has written a letter to the Poor-law Commissioners charging Mr. Hennessy, clerk to the Waterford Union, with having been one of the parties instrumental in bringing Mr. P. 3. Smyth to that city as a candidate, and also with having publicly canvassed the electors in his company. Jr.A Hennessy admitted giving the invitation, but denied the canvassing in a letter to the Poor-law Commissioners. The Commissioners have justified Mr. Osborne in making the complaint, and expressed their opinion that Mr. Hennessy has acted in a manner extremely injudicious by having placed himself in a position incompatible with hikoffice. The clerk of a union, they observe, is not only retunin . ; officer in the election of guar dians of the poor, in the course of which contests of a political character may often take place, but he is the public officer selected by the Legislature to supply the lists of Parliamentary voters for the county and borough, with the further duty cast upon him of ob jecting to persons who might be known to be open t objection. They therefore recommend Mr. Hennessy in future to confine himself to the exercise of his parliamentary franchise so long as he continues to 6.11 the office of clerk to the Waterford Union. NOTICES TO QUIT. A correspondent of the Freeman states that a dis tinguished nobleman, the owner of very exten sive estates, and one upon whom the public has been in the habit of looking as a model landlord, has just served notices to quit on no less than forty-two families holding on a property which has just fallen out of lease near Dublin. These forty-two families, he says, number no less than 152 individuals—tenants who owe no rents, no arrears, against whose moral character there is not even an imputation, and who are remarkable for their indus try and propriety of conduct. The Freeman observes that the particulars communicated to it in full are so peculiar, so foreign to anything the public would expect to hear in connection with a name and title of which all Irishmen have hitherto been proud, that for the present it forbears to publish them. It promises, however, to send one of its staff to the scene of the evictions and place before the public authentic details of the operations of this dis tinctive feature of landlordism as permitted and fostered by law in that country. A VOICE FROM LORD PALMERSTON. It may be interesting just now to recall the opinion of the late Lord Palmerston on the subject of the comparative expense of our own diplomatic service and that of the United States. Speaking of the salary of the United States' Minister in London, which he said was £2,000, with £2,000 for outfit, he remarked that the result is that unless the Minister has a private fortune of his own, he sel dom stays much above two years. Lord Palmer ston did not think the practice of the United States in regard to their diplomatic service was applicable to this country. The position of that State rendered European diplomacy a matter of very secondary importance to them. In his own words "They are separated from Europe by the . Atlantic ; they have no direct interest in most of the events that pass in Europe, and the chief thing they want is information." SIR JOHN GRAY'S MEDICAL REFORM BILL. The Lancet considers Sir John Gray's bill on medical reform a very bad bill, the badness of which is poorly atoned for by the gool intentions of the auther. Ho wishes, it says to make it impossible for men to gain a license to practice without submitting to very severe clinical and practical tests. Equally unsatisfactory it con tends is Sir John's attempt to improve the Medical Council by the cumbrous method of simply adding twelve members to be elected by the medical practitioners of the country. The present council, it considers, is too large, and this new one would be quite impractically so. The Lancet urges Sir John to withdraw his bill. The Government, it believes, cannot bring in a worse, measure, and it may bring in a better one. Finally,' it advises Sir John to give his whole support to an The sentences passed on the first batch of priso ners who have been tried for participation in the Thorncliffe disturbances are the subject of various comments. The Beehive says that it is to be feared that the result of the trials will not be such as to bring about a speedy peace between either masters and miners, or men and men. Three of the con victed men were sentenced to five years' penal servi tude, and two to fifteen months' imprisonment with hard labour. This last sentence, says the Beehive, is se vere enough; the former confounds the sufferers with felons of the deepest dye and most inveterate crimi nality. It is to be observed that even youth has b3en no excuse for the criminals. It was endea voured by the counsel for the prosecution to convict the prisoners of felony, but he failed, and the jury only found them guilty of the lesser charge of misdemeanour. There was no original intention to destroy the houses, and the whole affair being over in less than half an hour is a proof that it was nothing more than a sudden ebullition of feeling. llessrs. Chambers must see on reflection that this is not the way to restore peace in an excited community. " Conciliatory measures by work and proper wages would remove the temptation to turbulence." attempt to break away trom the system of licensing by corporations. _ OnritOinitArtDEN'9 l bill, cOnsis • • tmg of one Very;short clause, his been brought from tlie House of Lords On the subject of the eligibility of persons to serve as churchwardens. Hitherto a person, though he may have paid rates in a parish, has not been qualified to be elected to the office of churchwarden, simply because he lived beyond the bounds of the parish of which he was a ratepayer. This bill, however, will do away with the restriction. and the fact of non-residency will no longer render such person ineligible, nor that of his not being , a householder, provided that he is willing to serve in the o ffi ce of cburchFarden. In country parishes a change like this often means a good deal. THE EASTER MONDAY REVIEW. The proposed volunteer review at Brighton on the 18th of April, has been finally approved of by the Secretary of State for War. Doubtless the number of corps desirous of attending the great annual dis play, will be as large as on most occasions. The day's turn-out is probably a very tiring matter to those most immediately concerned in it, and this fact is the greatest proof of the ability and willing ness of our volunteers to chew that they are no mere " carpet knights," but men who are thoroughly 'game " and who can, if required, render efficiently all the service which good soldiers must be capable of. Any corps in any part of the kingdom can attend the review by making an application through the Lord Lieu tenant of its:county, before the Ist of April. The railway station from which it will be most convenient for each corps to depart for Brighton must be stated on the application, as arrangements will be made with the different lines, which have hitherto been found to act pretty generously towards the Volun teers. HORSES OF VOLUNTEER ARTILLERY. A correspondence is published between the War Office and the Inland Revenue Board, on the subject of the liability of payment of duty in the case of farm horses occasionally used for horsing volun teer guns or waggons. For the information of many who may be affected by it, it is useful to und:rstand that it is provided that when any person shall have gratuitously furnished his horse for drawing a gun or waggon or other mili tary carriage in the service of the volunteer force, such person may, at the end of the same year, obtain a return of the duty paid for a license for the horse upon production of a certificate of such gratuitous use of the horse. Farm horses which, as such, are not liable to duty, may be used for such purposes without a license being taken out, provided they are lent gratuitously. SENTENCES OF THE THOUNCLIFFE HIOTEES. THE STRIKES IN THE NORTH. The strike of colliers in the Bolton and Tarnworth districts is now reported to be virtually at 9m end. In consequence of the refusal of the Bridgewater trustees to give the full advance, the other proprietors in the dis trict have given notice of a reduction from one shilling per load and fourpence per yard on the " straight " to eightpence per load and threepence per yard. The executive committee of the Amal gamated Association have advised the men to accept this. It is, therefore, probable that th 3 whole of the miners now on strike will resume work on Monday next. With regard to the cotton trade, unanimity is not so probable. The operative cot ton spinners of the same town have issued a circular to their employers, stating the grounds of their ap plication for an advance of 5 per cent on their wages. An interview is arranged between masters and men. THE CHARGE OF DISREGARDING SIGNALS. The Manhattan, the vessel against whose captain the passengers of the Samaria have preferred a charge of inhumanity, has arrived at New York, and the Intimation of the charge has been conveyed to the master of the vessel. Captain Forsythe denies the charge. He passed a steamer on the 12th of March, he says, bound east, under full sail. There was nothing in the appearance of the - steamer to indicate distress. It was too far off to ►nake out any signals. He did not know it was the Samaria, or that she was still out and overdue. The steamer could easily have attracted special notice by changing her course, taking in sail, or firing a gun, not one of which things she did. AN ECCLESIASTICAL DIFFICULTY. The Senate of the University of London hag administered a rebuke to what it considers ecclesias tical exclusiveness. The statutes framed under the Public Schools Act for the great schools of Winchester, Harrow, Charterhouse and Rugby give the University of London power to appoint one member of the govern ing body of each school. When the Senate came to consider the appointment, it was discovered that in defiance of the policy unanimously adopted by Par liament in the Endowed Schools Bill last year, the persons nominated must be members of the Church of England. The University of London, however, is con stituted on a purely unsectarian basis, and no means exist of taking cognisance of the religious belief of its members. Of this the Senate informed the Commis sioners, who suggested that the persons nominated might themselves apply the test, and if they were not members of the Church. of England might consider themselves disqualified. The Senate refused their consent to elect any person to any office when their election might afterwards be nullified by the applica tion of a theological test. The Commissioners adhered to their demand, and the Senate has memorialised the Privy Council, asking it to disallow ao sectarian limitation in the statutes of the schools. LITERARY HONESTY. The Tablet writes a somewhat severe article on tho indifference of the Saturday Review to the very prin. ciples of literary criticism of which it professes to appreciate the theoretical value. The instance of this is in a late article. During the last few weeks ail animated controversy has been carried on in the _pages of the Weekly Register, on the subject of Papal Infallibility. In the course of the controversy Dr. Herbert Vaughan quoted a passage attributed by St. Alphonsus to St. Bernard. Quickly discovering that he was partly in error in so doing, he wrote to the paper, and placed the extract in its true and authentic form. low, the Saturday Reviewer ? having this very number of the Register containing the correction in his hands, coolly informs his readers that " the Very Rev. Dr. Vaughan bases his proof from St. Bernard on a passage which " Clencus" shews in the same paper to be spurious." Though Dr. Vaughan may be content to smile at such an example of literary dishonesty, the Tablet considers it is a specimen of a modo of procedure which worth pointing out. MRS. O'DONOVAN ROSSA. It is evident that the quiet Irishmen of Tipperary can get on very well without the assistance of their ex-member, O'Donovan Rossa, so long as that great man's talented wife is present with them. Mis. O'Donovan Rossa has given a series of readings in Tipperary, and the Kickham Committee have just presented her with an address expressing their " ap preciation of and reverence for the feelings that prompted her to honour" Tipperary with a visit. Mrs. Rossa's reply is free from allu sion to English despotism, and the major part of it is occupied with an expression of regret that the proceeds of her readings are not to be devoted to the Nationalist cause. " Yet I am consoled by the assurance you give me that my elocutionary efforts, inspired as they are by an intense love of our native land, must be productive of benefit. Doubly dear is this assurance to me in coming from the true and tried, the fearless, noble, and self-sacrificing spirit of Tipperary." And a little more of this kind. THE MORMONS. The United States' House of Representatives commenced in earnest the long-threatened campaign , Pgai the Lemons. it has Paned a bill enforcing WASHINGTON, March 9. The following are the first official dispatches received by the Navy Department of the Oneida disaster " Yokohama, Japan, Jan. 30, 1870. " Sir,—lt is my painful duty to report to you the sink ing of the United States steamer Oneida by the Penin sular and Oriental mail steamer Bombay, in Yokohama Bay, on the night of the 24th inst. "The Oneida left left the harbour of Yokohama, bound to Hong Kong, about 5 p.m. of that day, and when near Saratoga Spit was struck by this steamer, then arriving from Hong Kong. The Oneida was struckl just forward of her starboard mizzen rigging, carrying away the whole of the starboard quarter wheel and all the steering gear, and sunk, so far as I have been able to learn, in about fifteen minutes after the collision. Four of the officers and fifty-seven of the men were saved in two boats. I resvectfnlly inclose a list of the saved and lost, so far as can oe ascertained from the officers and men. I have already communicated the sad intelligence to the Rear-Admiral, now at Hong Kong. I avail myself of the opportunity of sending this by the American sailing bark Benefactress, which sails to-morrow for San Francisco. " The Pacific mail is now over due from San Francisco, and no steamer will sail for that port until about the 22d inst.—Your obedient pervant, " H. E. MULLAN, Lieutenant-Commander Commanding." OPINIONS OF THE AMERICAN PRESS. The New York Herald says :—The accounts only elabo rate the sad story. They do not relieve the first details of any of their horror or put the disaster in any more favourable light. Sixty men were saved and one hundred and thirteen were lost, as at first reported. The infamous inhumanity of the captain of the Bombay, the un answered calls of the Oneida for succour, the gallantry of Commander Williams, who gathered his officers about him, that they might all go down in line, are all con firmed. No sadder story has been told for many a long day. No braver, more gallant record of heroism in the face of death than that' of Williams, Stewart, Muldaur and their messmates has been written since the days of the British troop-ship, on which a regiment went down with arms presented. The conduct of the captain of the Bombay is under investigation by a naval court of in quiry at Yokohama. His defence seems to be that he felt only a slight shock of collision, which he did not think was sufficient to damage the Oneida or his own vessel, and did not hear the sound of the guns. But his defence is too late to avert the infamy that will attach to him, and the punishment that ought to be meted out to him. It seems probable that merely to escape respon sibility for the neglect of his look-outs, or to save his owners from the liabilities incurred by the careless de struction of another vessel, he left to their fate the men who, if saved, might testify against them. The Tribune, in an article on " Captain Eyre's Crime," observes there is something worse than shocking in a disaster of a magnitude for which we have to blame not elements and accidents merely, but the heart of man, which is more dangerous than the precipice and more savage than the sea. The disaster perpetrated by the British steamer Bombay in Japanese waters was a double calamity. The steamer itself killed a ship, so to speak, but that was an accident. The captain of the steamer left more than a hundred men to drown, and this is a crime which finds its measure in the asst which holds it rather than in the ordinary limits of human perceptions. It is waist, than disgraceful to his nation and race—it is a calamity to Ws species. We have only to say in behalf of Captain Ey..a that it must have given him exceedingly little thougnt and feeling to commit his great murder at sea as compared with the thoughts awl feelings which are aroused to denounce it. Of the actua'. commission of a crime more or less in the affair of :.tie Oneida, there is no longer a doubt, we grieve to say. i n the remarkably prompt, full, and detailed report of the disaster, which we present elsewhere in our correspondence from Yokohama, nothing is wanting to shew the nature of the catastrophe, and the wilful o r careless crime which made the Oneida its victim. Captain's Eyre's own evidence is to the effect that the collision was too slight to be much suspected, that his pilot told him that a spit of land was near and that there was no danger, and that he was a good fifteen minutes looking after the ill-fated ship. That "good fifteen minutes "is a terrible bit of evidence. We are far from wishing to prejudge the case of the Bombay captain ? and, for the honour of our race, hope that he will prove himself less a reckless villain than he seems. Let not his infamy, as it stands, obscure the sublime last act of noble men— the heroism with which Captain Williams determined to. go down with his ship, the noble courage of the young. Ensign Copp—illustrious examples, of which a Marine that claims the memory of Commander Craven and the immortal boy Holland can never be destitute when an occasion arises. BANK OF ENGLAND RETURNS. An Account, tursuant to the . for the week ending We ISSUE nni Notes issued £34,339,5731 X 34,339,573 BINXING D . Act 7 and 8 Victoria, cep. 82, ,dnesday, March, 23, 1870. P kIiTMENT. Governmt. Debt £11,015,1u, Other Securities 3,984,900 Gold Coin and Bullion Silver Bullion £34,339,673 Proprietors' Capi tal Rest Public Deposits (including Ex chequer, Sav ings' Banks, Commissioners of National Debt, and Div. Accounts 12.249.608 Other Deposits 16,781,829 Seven Days and othor Bills 378,879 PARMIENT. Governmt. Secu rities(including Dead Weight Annuity) .... £18,832.460 Other Securities 19,580,860 Notes 12,242,600 Gold and Silver Coin . 975,236 £46,631,156 £46,631,1 56 COURSE OF EXCHANGE. Amsterdam, Short ... 11 18 1 ... 11 19.4 Do Rotterdam 3Ms ... 12 01 ... 12 1 ... 12 0 ... 12 1 Antwerp — ... 25 424 ... 25 474 Brussels — ... 25 424 ... 25 47 Hamburgh — ... 13 101- ... 13 104 Paris Ditto Marseilles Frankfort-on-the-Main — ... 1201 ... 121 Vienna — ... 12 65 ... 12 70 Trieste — ... l 2 65 ... 12 70 Petersburg Copenhagen.• „.... ~ 9 23 ... 9 27 Berlin Madrid. Cadiz — ... 49 ... 494 Leghorn ... ... 26 224 .., 26 30 Milan . ... 26 224 ..- 26 30 Genoa .. — ... 26 224 .., 26 30 Naples Palormo — ... 26 224 ... 26 30 Messina Lisbon Oporto — ... L 2 ... 524 Ilitherto it has been custoincry to convey tc. Devonport the mails arriving at Plymouth from London for the Cape and from the Cape for London, which was a wasteful piece of routine, the double journey to and from Devonport being attended with no practical advantage. The Western Morning News learns that the postal autho rities have at leu,gth recognised this, and have orderedthe Cape mails to be hereafter sorted at Plymouth instea',lc at Devonport. The editor supports his correspondent, and forcibly backs up his arguments. The Army, including the Navy, is th 3 one branch of the public service, which, as Mr. JENCKES says, has preserved the spirit of honesty, self-sacrifice, and fidelity. The advantages of such a body even as examples to the youth of the country cannot be over estimated, but their very virtues make them intensely obnoxious to a class of politicians now influential in the House, and not powerless in the Senate. The impolicy of turn ing these gentlemen out of the service without compensation, or on half pay, may not suggest itself to the House as a breach of faith ; but the effect is very mischievous, and likely to prove more so, more especially in view of the gradual admission now going on of large bodies of ignorant persons to a share in the Government. The cultivation of respect for plighted faith is the nearest approach there is to the soul of a people, and they who want it may have the tongues of angels, immeasurable corn, wine, and oil, but they will profit them nothing. We are all aware of the deep interest the politician took in the welfare of the maimed soldier, and the rewards to be bestowed on the gallant men who had fought the battles of the Union. Allusions to them were to .be found alike in the Radical and Conservative plairfornas, and these who did not un derstand the claptrap,ina agined that au organisation existed to deprive the worthy soldiers of their well earned rewards. How, then, comes it, that the officers who led the soldiers, about whom there was all that fuss, are to be thus mercilessly deprived of their bread ? and how does it happen that among all the honest, keen observers associated with the American press so little sympathy should be dis played, or any advocacy of so just a cause ? While the Census Bill was being discussed in the Senate the utmost confusion was always repre sented as then prevailing. Some Senators noisily left the Chamber, others loudly chatted and argued, and when CHARLES SUMNER attempted to give the sta tistics, no one listened, nor could any one hear. What on earth, we here in Europe said, is there ob jectionable in this bill? That the abolition of the franking privilege debated at the same time might be unpalatable was easy to understand, but the ob jection to the other had to be sought beneath the surface. In 1850 the Census Law was passed, and under its provisions the statistics at the end of two decades were compiled. A Committee was ap pointed last session by the House to inquire into the subject and to report what further legislation had becomenecessary. It found that the last, though excellent in its day, was now antiquated, and seve ral improvements were suggested, a_ bill being re ported after an elaborate investigation. Some of the old schedules were laid aside, others altered, and many new ones were added. The system was changed, the work being taken from th e marshals and a new organization was formed, independent of other Government machinery, and arranged in ac cordance with the system of Congressional districts. General GARFIELD, after along and careful debate, carried it through the House, and on the 17th of last December it went to the Senate, where the impolitic action of the Lower House then immediately became apparent. In the first place, it had not consulted its dignified brother ; in the second, it had trans ferred the work from the Marshals usually appointed by the Senators to a body of officers to be appointed by itself; and, to crown all, the Senate, instead of referring it to a Special Committee, sent the un lucky bill for consideration to the Standing Com mittee on the revision of laws. Mr. CoNkLuco was the' Chairman, Messrs. SUMNER, CARPENTER, and two other Senators, the members. The Nation de scribes Mr. CONKLING as of so peculiar a turn of mind that he rarely supports any measure except to object to another ; being as weak in constructing, as strong in obstructiveness, able, and confident in his judgment. Such a man could not fail to clash with SUMNER, while the Chamber has lately been made a sort of stage for the Senators to fight out their pri vate quarrels, and it was the hard fate of the Census Bill to be brought up at the very time when Mr. SUMNER was to be snubbed. The bill was presented by Mr. CONKLING, and its defeats pointed out in a clever speech. Mr. SUMNER in vain attempted to prove that since the law of 1850 had been passed the world had moved forward, and it was necessary to make the alterations suggested by the House if the measure was to render the Act efficient for the pre sent. The bill was laid upon the table, and the time slipped away within which it had to be passed, when the old Act, by virtue of a provision contained therein, again became operative. That such paltry considera tions should have weighed with the Senate showshow fallible is human nature, and what poor things are even the most august bodies. While throwing out the useful measure thus sent up from the house the Senate evinces no inclination to abolish the franking abuse, although such has been conclusively shown to be the desire of the people. The Executive has urged it ; the press has urged it ; and petition sin thousands puur in from ail parts of the country also urging it,yet the Senate remains unmoved. The Post master• General has published a few figures, plainly stating the coatto the country of that abuse. During The steamship Nebraska, which is now in San Francisco ready for sea, is to be the pioneer vessel of the Australian mail line. She will sail for Syd ney and Melbourne about the 25th of March. This is the way in which things are done in the United States. The everlasting Yankee gets to the anti podes while in London people get up a meeting ; and while they are discussing the preliminaries of the enterprise on this side, they are driving their steamers through the waters of the Pacific on the other. It has long been to us inexplicable why the Union Pacific, after completing the railroad, should have pushed no further. It might be supposed that the directors being gorged with bonds and land • grants gave themselves no additional trouble to rea lize the grand dream of Conusieus, that when he was ploughing the Atlantic westward he was on the right road to Cathay. It is not sufficient to over come the difficulties interposed by nature, and to establish the communication, for the world is pre judiced, is ignorant, is hard to persuade, and stupid people will still go the wrong road, if that be the one to which they are accustomed. Surely it is worth the while of these Pacific steam lines, in conjunction with the transcontinental highway, to establish agencies in Europe, whose businessit would be to make known the advantages offered by the new routes opened. A year ago the Peninsular and Oriental Company took fright and published tables which went the round of the English press, show ing that the western road via San Francisco to China could never compete with their route via Egypt. What could we single-handed accomplish against so many? and the impression is now univer sal that as to bringing China nearer to Europe, the new road is an acknowledged failure ? Indeed that there is a new road is only incidentally known to a few, and many a passenger shipping by the Peninsular and Oriental Company for Shanghai— aye, even for Japan—is surprised on learning that there is a magnificent line of steamers running from San Francisco to the same ports, with a railway penetrating the United States to the Pacific, in the cars of which people can live while travelling as in an hotel. Another line opens to the Australias, and not an intimation of the fact reaches Europe, whence nearly the whole traffic which is to support that line must be derived. There are many energetic Americans established in business in the chief capi tals of this Continent who can make these agencies alike profitable to the companies and to themselves, but it is in vain that the subject is brought to the notice of the directors.; no attention appears to be p id to their communications, and a matter of a magnitude eveninvolving national interests remains wholly neglected. It may be that the Protectionists design to shut out foreigners and to keep the road and the traffic to themselves; it may be that the ten der-hearted managers cannot bear to work an in jury to the Peninsular and Oriental Company, whose ships are acquiring so enviable a reputation for running down any vessels which come in their way. Whatever the reason, the fact is beyond dis pute that -one of the finest undertakings ever achieved in this world is shorn of the full propor tions of its success through an incomprehensible neglect. There are many other interests involved as well; and it would be worth their while to bestir themselves in this matter—for instance the great Atlantic steam lines, as well as the leading railroads to the West. The Cunard, Inman, Guion, Hamburgh-American, and North German Lloyd fleets have all a share in the success of the new route now being opened to the Australias. So have the Erie, New York C entral,an d Penn sylvania Rairoads. Perhaps it is the generality as well as the distribu tion of the interest which causes it to be no one's bu siness in particular. There are, however, three di rectly involved—First, the Pacific Railroad, for over it all must go; there is no choice there,for between Omaha and San Francisco there is but one route. The next is the Pacific Steamship Company, ply ing from San Francisco to Hongkong; and the third is this new line from San Francisco to Australia and New Zealand. These three ought to act in conjunction to make the world know what they can do in the way of transport, and the facilities offered for the carriage of all who entrust their persons or goods to them. Some time ago we received nume rous inquiries about the advantages secured by the new route to China, but the subject is now never mentioned. If we were asked how the passenger for Yokohama was to proceed, we would be at- a loss to answer, and our only resource would be to send the inquirer to Messrs. H. STARR and COMPANY, Pacific Mail Agents, of 22, Moor gate-street, in the hope that he might there get the information he wants. We are aware that the work which has fallen on the board of the Union Pacific has been overwhelming, and that it has been increased by the notorious Erie clique, which, not content with mismanaging their own line, have thrown every possible impediment in the way of other undertakings; among their performances driv ing the head office of the Union Pacific out of New York to Boston, breaking into the safe of the . com pany, and accomplishing divers other meritorious acts, which will be narrated when Fisk s history comes to be written. It is now, however, time that the Board should begin to look about them, and extend th eir operations beyond the United States. To se cure passengers, the first essential is to give " through" tickets, for no family will take their chance of an uncertain cost. But when the money is paid down in Europe, in a currency passengers understand, and which they can compare with the Eastern rate, they will accept the time-tables on the word of the agent. Above all is this necessary if the San Francisco boats to Australia are to be filled ; indeed it will make almost the difference between success and failure, w hite the cost, prope r ly di s t r ib u t e d, o f es e b co llin traffic g good working agen c i es i n 'Europe would b paratively trifling. No r d o these new roads c onnect points for comme rc i a l only ; for ta they have opened strange countries to the tourist, to the geologist, the botanist, health or pleasure seeker. The entaprizing traveller can now gaze into the great gorge of the Rio Colorado, or from the peak of Mount Lincoln look over the boundless prairie towards the rising sun. No more terrific sight can be seen than the one ; nor any grander than the other. Then the Valley of the Yo Semite would soon be known through Europe, and the U.S Government might expect with reason that BRIG HAM YOUNG would speedily be " interviewed " to death. Let us have Colorado opened to the tourist, as is Switz rlend, and the trarec ,ntinental line be come as quickly as possible the World's highway. which Nature has decreed it ought to be. —Anglo- , American 7 intes. The Silesia, from New York, has brought £39,600. There has been.no material alteration in the exchanges to-day. A special meeting of shareholders of the Man chester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railway was held to-day for the purpose of rescinding a resolu tion of a special meeting of the proprietors in 1866, whereby 103,500 shares of £lO each were created, and of cancelling such shares, no Portion thereof having been issued ; and of authorising the creation in lieu thereof of other capital, for the purpose of the redemption of the existing £6 preference shares, and the capital represented thereby. The chairman (Sir E. Watkin) said that in lieu of the 6 per cent. preference stock the directors proposed to issue a stock at 5 per cent. for ten years, and 4i. per cent. in perpetuity, and after a period of two years to give the option to any holder to convert his stock into 41 per cent. perpetual preference. If for any number of years the dividends upon that stock were not from any cause paid, they would accumulate, and before anybody else was paid, the accumulated dividends upon these particular stocks must be cleared off. The motion was carried wthi only four dissentients. The directors of the Chartered Bank of India, Aus- tralia, and China have decided to recommend to the shareholders, at the annual general meeting on the 20th proximo, a dividend for the half-year ended the 31st December last at the rate of 6 per cent. per annum free of income tax. laws against the Mormons in Utah, depriving polyga mists of the rights of citizenship, and punishing them by fine and imprisonment, by a vote of 94 tc 82. The measure was amended by striking out provi- sions authorising the President to send 40,000, volunteers into Utah to enforce it. Troops fit "mall numbers have previously been sent into Utah, and the result was not precisely all that the American Government could wish. The Senate will consider this measure. THE LOSS OF THE O'NEIDA. OFFICIAL ACCOUNTS. i he Times - publishes two letters N'vritten by daptai.l Stanhope of H.M.S. Ocean, the senior British officer at Yokohama, to Vice-Admiral Kellett, tespooting the late fatal collision between the Oneida and the Bombry. Tho letters are dated Yokohama, January 25, and in the Past Captain Stanhope recounts the fact of the collision of which, however, he gives no details. He says :—"11:3 Peninsular and Oriental steamer was on her way herewith the Mails, and the collision occurred off Saratoga Spit yesterday evening. The surgeon, A Mid shipman, the captain's clerk, and boatswain are the only officers known tO have been saved, with 55 of the crew. The remainder are supposed to has 0 gone down with the ship. I sent the Sylvia and the steam launch to offer every assistance as soon as the news reached here, and the former is now seeking for the wreck. The steam launch is still searching the coast for anything that may be washed on shore." The inves tigation into the circumstances of the collision had not been held when Captain Stanhope wrote, He and Captain Ross of the Pearl had called upon the American Minister to express the sym pathy and condolence of the officers and crews of the British squadron. The second letter is addressed to Captain Taylor, of the United States ship Idalio, and is as follows :—" Sir,—lt is with extreme regret that 1 have heard of the melancholy loss of the United States' cor vette Oneida, in a collision with the Peninsular and Oriental mail steamer Bombay, off this port last evening. May I beg of ou and the officers and men of the United States' squadron to accept, on the part of myself, the officers, and crews of her Britannic Majesty's squad ron in Japan, our deep sympathy and condolence on so sad and unfortunate an event ? If Vice-Admiral Sir Henry Kellet had been here, I am quite sure he would have expressed the same sympathy and condolence that I now convey to you. I have, &c., CHANDOS S. STANHOPE, Captain and Senior Officer." LEGISLATION AT WASHINGTON. (From the Anglo-American Mmes.) That Congress legislates without due regard to the interests of others, while rigidly maintaining its own, has been shown in some recent instances. The reason, probably, is that the circumstances arising out of the war often place the members in a new position, the rights of which they have not yet fully appreciated. A bill has recently passed the House to discharge some 500 military officers of the regular Army ; and, as one of them com plains in a let"er addressed to the Nation, the co lumns of the leading daily journals and the debates in Congress will be searched in vain for evidence to show that the injustice of this wholesale decapita tio❑ has even been hinted at. On the 28th July, 1866, Congress passed an Act for the "permanent" organization of the Army, and, induced, by it, vo lunteer officers, distinguished for service during the war, applied for appointments, passed examina tions, and threw up a civil career. In the course of time they assumed the responsibilities, such as marriage, which the permanency of their positions warranted, and, being quartered over the country, lost the business connections which they would otherwise have preserved. "Suddenly," says this officer— "The prospect opens to them of being turned adrift, by muster-out, at an advanced age, and forced to begin life anew trammelled by responsibilities assumed in blind con fidence, with no resources except a present of one year's pay and allowances (which would be consumed by arrear ages contracted in trying to ' keep up their positions'), and rendered unfit by their profession to obtain a foot hold. If the absence of all reliance upon the permanency of public positions, which is the curse of the civil branch, is to pervade the military branch of the Government, how can superiority of discipline and training be expected ? It is humiliating to compare our troops on the northern fron tier with those of the English army on duty in Canada. It is impossible for an officer to take the same pride in the military instruction of those under his command so long as he feels that Congress will legislate him out of the ser vice, consolidate the company on which he has expended hours of labour, transfer him to a different regiment by entirely ' wiping out' his old regiment with all its associa tions, or in some way suspend and interfere with the effi ciency of the service." Our English readers can easily form a conception what the outcry would be if Parliament dared thus to deal with the English Army, indeed the Ministry now learn what a hornet's nest they have raised by the proposed reductions to half pay. The American officer advances this argument : "If it were an outrageous breach of faith for five hundred officers (more or less) to offer their resignations on the eve of hostilities with of oreign nation,surely the unjust discharge from the service of those same officers must be a proceed ing equally open to disparaging criticism." January, letters and parcels were sent free counting 454 post-offices only, on which there would otherwise have been payable $160,000. Taking the number of Congressmen at 293, it is asserted that each costs on this estimate, dividing the total among them, more than $B,OOO, being thrice the amount of his salary. The fact is startling, and suggests the ques tion, How do these busy bees make so large a use of the post? It is hinted that, if inquired into, the sale of cadetships would prove insignifi cant in comparison with the improper transfer of official franks. Thus, then, we have an unjust blow dealt against the most worthy and distinguished servants of the Republic ; a useful and necessary measure burked, from insignificant personal mo tives, and a wholesale abuse maintained because the Members derive a benefit therefrom. We grant that these are very exceptional instances ; that the ordinary legislation of Congress is practical, just, and expedient ; but it is not the less necessary that the Members should be reminded that the eyes of the world will always be fixed on the proceedings of so great a Parliamentary body, and that instances of legislative injustice, of petty individual consi derations and gains, as also the gratification of ill temper, will surely act to the prejudice of the esti mation in which it is held. MONETARY REPORTS.—YEsT ERDAY. Business in the Stock Exchange hag been limited to day, and there has been a tendency to lower rates. Con sole have been alternately depressed and steady, an( at bne time they shewed a relapse of per cent., but the decline was subsequently recovered. For money the price has been 931, 932, and for the April account 93R, 9 3 1. Reduced and New Three per Cents 911, 92 ; Exchequer Bills par to 4s. prem. ; Indian Five per Cents have been done at 1121, 1131, and Indian Bonds 20s. to 235. prem. On the whole, the market for English railway stocks has been quiet. Great Western has been firm, and has risen Metropolitan and Caledonian also have been rather steadier, at an advance of but Midland and London and Brighton, on a pressure of sales, have receded Indian railway stocks have been quiet, and without change. Canadian shares have been flat. For foreign shares there has been only a moderate inquiry, but prices have ruled firm. The market for foreign bonds has been firm. Egyptian have continued in request, and there has been a strong de mand for Peruvian, Russian, and Turkish. The altera tions have comprised an advance of 1 per cent. in Brazi lian (1858), of in Peruvian (1865), and of is in Peruvian (1862) ; and a fall of in Argentine (1868) and Turkish (1869). American securities have been quiet. The Five-Twenty (1882) Bonds have fallen i, and Virginia 2i. British mining shares have been dull. Assheton have been down as low as 11k, and Van have receded 1. Colonial and foreign mines have been quiet. As regards Bank shares, the market has been dull. Agra has receded f. Telegraph shares have continued depressed. Anglo- American have relapsed it, and Falmouth, Gibraltar, and Malta to a similar extent. The shares of the Cafartha Mining Company have been dealt in at 1 prem. Telegraph Construction Shares have been flat, and I lower. Miscellaneous securities have been quiet, and without movement of importance. The money market has continued firm, and three months' paper has been charged 3 per cent. The sum of £169,000 has been sent into the Bank to-day. NEW ROUTE TO AUSTRALIA. MARKETS -YESTERDAY, LONDON CORN EXCHANGE, FRIDAY.—From Essex and Kent the receipts of wheat fresh up to Mark-lane this morning have been only moderate. There has been a fair attendance of millers, but the business doing has not been extensive, at the rates current on Monday. As regards foreign wheat, the sup plies have been moderate, and the trade has been dull, on former terms. Barley has been firm in value, with a fair inquiry. Malt has sold at late rates. Oats, the supply of which has been more liberal, have been in healthy request, at full prices. Beans and peas have been steady. Flour has been depressed, on former terms. Arrivals.—English and Scotch : Wheat, 630 barley, 1,500 ; malt, 1,420 ; beans, 370 ; peas, 110. Foreign : Wheat, 3,250 ; barley, 2,180 ; oats, 5,550 ; beans, 640 ; sacks, 590. LONDON TRADE REPORT, FRIDAY.—TaIIow is flat, at 455. 9d. spot and month, 455. Tune, and 455. 9d. last three months. Petroleum is quoted at ls. Bd. to is. 9d. Turpentine dull, at 395. 3d. LONDON PRODUCE MARKET, FRIDAY.—The coffee auctions have passed off quietly, at late rates. Tea has ruled quiet on former terms. Rice has continued very inactive. Sugar has been in moderate demand, at late rates. Crystallised Demarara barrels and bags, part sold at 295. to 41s. 6d. ; grainy Mauritius, 395. to 435. 6d ; Natal, pure brown to good yellow, 325. to 575. ; ordinary sack brown, 265. 6d. METROPOLITAN MEAT MARKET, FRIDAY.—The supplies of meat have been rather short. The trade has been firm as follows —Beef from 3s. to 4s. 6d. ; mutton, 3s. 4d. to 4s. Bd. ; lamb, 6s. Bd. to 7s. 4d. ; veal, 4s. 4d. to ss. 4d. ; and pork, 3s. Bd. to ss. Bd. per 81b. by the carcase. - BOROUGH HOP MARKET. FRIDAY.—The trade has been without feature. Very little business has been doing ; but prices have been unaltered. Mid and East Kents, £7 to £12125. ; Wealds, £6 to £8 ; Sussex, £5 12s. to £6 12s. ; Bavarians, £6 65 ; to r£9 ; French, £5 to £6 10s. ; Americans, £4 Lbs. to 03 ; and „yearlings, £1 10s. to 43 15s. per cwt. LONDON METAL MARKET, FRIDAY.—The market has con.. Owed quiet. Sheet tin is quoted £ll9 10s. MANCHESTER TRADE REPORT, FRIDAY.—There has been a more general inquiry to-day, and producers being heavily under contract have demanded full prices, with time for delivery, which has had the effect of checking business. LIVERPOOL CORN MARKET, FRlDAY.—Market more active. Flour firm, at 6d. advance. Wheat 2d. per cental higher. Maize has sold at au improvement of 9d. French flour firmer. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, FRIDAY.—SaIes of th e week, 58,625 ; ditto on speculation, 7,125 ; taken for expel , . 8,625 ; actual export, 5,750 ; taken by the trade, 48,000; imports , 122,750 ; stock, 870,750 bales. Market this clay quiet. SaleS, 10,000 bales, of which 1,000 on speculation. LIVERPOOL COPPER MARKET, FRIDAY.—Bars, 05i to 1361 ; ores, 13. !WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET, FRIDAY.—The corn inarkec has ruled more active, and the quotations have been fully sup ported for both wheat and flour. Spring corn steady. CORK BUTTER MARKET, FRlDAY.—Ordinary firsts, 185.5. Seconds, 130 s. ; thirds, 105 s. ; fourths, 80s. ; fifths, -5651 and sixths, not quoted ; 290 firkins in the market 2. Mild cured Firsts, 1395.; seconds, 1395, ; thirds, 120 s. ; 0 lirki " thi market. s toil elsea I ADVERTISEMENT. I —Holloway's should brood over infirmities Pills.— Universal Curatives.—No one wa . . Ointment and . .y the energies without or permit intolerable p ain and impartial trial. a fair giving Holloway's remedies q ualities requiring no comment. The purify and heal—two wonderful power in purifying , regulating, Ville exercise a f liver or kidneys ; they remove and correcting torpidity of ary stagnation blood, thus preventing conges tionany temporary as . alteratives, sedatives , tives, or stimulants, by of the lungs , brain, any other o rgan. their liver, power over the nerves , which are the "governors" of a" animal functions. From the use of one or both of Hollo way's restoratives the patient will obtain relief or immunity from suffering. LAD v sarissmENT4—Avoid Medicines—they always aggrava te chronic complaints; but Dn Barry's delicious health-restor ing Revalenta Arabic°. Food, which yields three times the nouriell mentof the best meat, saves 50 times its cost in other remedies; and invariably restores perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, funct i ona l re gularity, and energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. We ex tract a few out of the 68,000 cures;—,,The Pope's health resto red by Du Barry's Food. Cure No. 68,413. "Rome, July 21, 186 6 . —The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially Since, abandoning all other remedies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta, Arabic& Food, of which he consum es a plateful at every mea l . I t has produced a surprisingly bene ficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excel lent food too highly. —From the "Gazette du Midi," July 25. Cure No. 58,216, of the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' liver complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous Palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, e n d u; the most intolerable nervous agitation.." Cure No. 1,771; Lor Stuart de Decies Lord-Lieutenant of Waterford, of many years dyspepsia, No 49,832: " Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency , spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly." Cure NO; 46,270: Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 yea rs . diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, a nd partial deafness. Important Caution.—Beware of the mall unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, wit hout authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attached. In tins, at is lid; Ilb 2s 9d ; 2lb 45 6d; 5 lb 11s; 12 lb 225 ; 24 lbs 4 s.— X Iso D u BARRY'S REVALENTA A RABICA CHOCOLATE POWDER is packed in tin canisters: for 12 cups at 2s, for 24 cLgs at 3s 6d, for 48 cups at 6s, for 288 cups at 30s, for 576 cups at a) —being about one penny per cup. The 30s and 55s tins are sent free of carriage in England on receipt of Post Office Order. , BARRY Du BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-street London; an d all Grocers and Chemists. BIRTHS. CHITTY —On the 24th inst. at Kensington gardens, the wife of Joseph H. Chitty, Esq., barrister• at-law, of a daughter. L ANGHAM —On the 24th inst., at 2, Halkin-street, Grosvenor" place, the Hon. Mrs. Longhorn, of a son and heir. MARRIAGES. EYKYN —MCKS —On the 22d inst., at Harrow-on-the - Tr ill, William Augustus, youngest son of the lata Jas. EYkY"' Esq., of Ackleton, Salop, to Eliza, only daughs,or of the late Charles Hicks, Esq., of Sudbury Villa, Middlesex. HOLLAND—BrLoix—On the 24th inst., at Croydon, Arthur Henry Holland, of Idol-lane, Great Tower-street, and Selhurst Villas, SelLurs•road, to Mullet Jane, daughter of the late Thomas A. Bulgin, of Camden-town. DEATHS. CLEMENTS —On the 24th inst., at Rochester, Wm. elements , Esq., aged 92. NEWLAND - On the 2lth inst.. at Branaley,Surrey, suddenly, Wm. Newland, Esq., aged 67. London: Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREWS, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at ME SUN Office, No. 112, ~ , trand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of Middlesex. -- Saturday, March 26, 1870. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH 26, 1870.