The Sun. — London, England, 1841-02-01 00:00:00

MORNING EDITION LITERATURE. GUIDE TO TRADE-711E SHOE -IllA.KEl?—lam 11.—B1 .144“,:s DErzia. Knight ond Co. London. h i . his As . the continuation of a ..eries of pub- Jations on trade and professs. The first .e believe, was entitled the Milliner," and te a lengthened detail of the mysteries oi leestart advantage o' setti:ig off the female form to tin which we have no doubt have thefound o f use to lathes in eneral and to i l g , ) l e Milliner s in particular. The present num rer---the second n the " Shoemaker," will be .:. 11114 equally useful to both man and woman. It Awritlivritten by a practical man well acquainted hide the by and art of trenching, cutting, ul eB, Measuring for every species of boot, shoe, with p' and slipp er, and is agreeably interspersed 1, aa nusino• an ec d ote an d sa l utary a d v i ce to rerfi'arrukaster and man. The following. judicious te a k B we recommend, not only to master shoe / h e rs, but masters in all trades : to b e 4 " 41, 431 been of opinion, and have observed such a pro gener ally the truth, that where the employer shows one Per co nsideration for the man, there the man is most sto serve. I recollect a master shoemaker saying b at ral is i y rn e My hearing, that the way to keep men sie liePbe,was to keep them poor; and, acting up to this . be the "'let was the situation of his shop? lie had twice or ~nantbpearirsof hands he required ; do Treea closer bad but two of legs to close in a week, when he could totn;gshet Oakine; a hoot:Oen might get two pairs of bot than c.e when be could put through his hands more s to.tilzl pay tigh t : e t c° the number—and so on. On the Saturday no one man before what he called his sorr y : to t "a‘ if any individual workman had finished the 14 the °lint Of his week's labour at three or four o'clock Ele o ,. "ea ing, he could not obtain his money till some alto heurs after, till the slowest or most careless had . together theirs, and then the whole party were paid L bai ght b r ,:. T hus, at about ten or eleven o'clock at night 'Jack s ''een some eighteen or twenty men ranging their re I „ 4 lta s f°, a g,the shop wall, and waiting like so many . me %aet r ,„-r the demand of their bills, and the receipt of take C't,r,Y amount. The man of family after this had to ho,;"ttle sum home, s en d hi s w if e a t the worst possi. *he n ar ea mark et , or perhaps wait till Sunday morning, gone , k ,a ehoi ee of a good and profitable selection was ther e de the thorough b a d l oo k o f th e thing. Now, /r ot raj e attoot be the slightest advantage made to aceruc 1 , 1 ,!Y person s h a nner of acting, does it not seem strange that ua c " ly ing the least authority over another should 440: himself, and particularly so as it is more do nottl:."lnderance than otherwise. The journeyman will hel p; tn g for such a master but what he really cannot h e wat a t ild ' e v ihere he is a thoughtful and determined man, bee o ,, l ' ° °K out for what connexion he can make towards e — M • p n i g o) , h e i t a ,Owa master, and perhaps take away some of Tlies„T best customers. tnaker -) J oi ned anecdote proves that a clever shoe ue 11%Y with impunity disobey ttitp a , , the command About 1 epic/am :- 14 ers h tw entY years ago there was in the employ of tasi t , r r s ' • - 'avis and Gann, foreign order boot and shoe . - l'is4?daf Gr acechurch- street, London, a person who, it 44(1 a ;I,' e 'uld cut up more hide leather is a day, and sort ales t° o - 3e it ready for the maker, than any other three al es 4 G in the same time. Nor were his employers b 4 , , kl 4ry ' - erate of his merits, for they gave him twice the giant other individual engaged on the premises. b,o _ e Net er fUal afterwards began business as a bespoke tocee,ll°,' hims elf, and, as might be expected, was_ v t ,ansk,, 4l ; After a few sears, however, he left it off, 'ilia / 41 , 'ng his premise; in one night , into another t4ke:dsrade entirely, so that when the snutters were . wi oci "'n in the morning, instead of boots being_ . in . ala i t , s 'w, as usual, there was now seen nothing but lots 'ived ,",tne great chagrin of another biscuit-baker who tcr ue ' d c l 9 next door and who had some little time before th Q al lf , 1° a ccept th e ' sum o f t h ree t h ousan d poun d s f rom Pri or "%maker f or his business ; the parties having had a hr 'ke t t lerst anding to this effect, which being afterwards fii sed u 7 the bi scuit -baker, the shoemaker at once deter d'ltra,l:,l3,an, and soon and secret l y accomp li s h e d, t h e a b ove aa rlie,,;", ni agician-lik c sort of revenge. Mr Moxhay, the 1 411 tUji cl ever man of the world, is yet living, and is adv 4e und respected in the city, having first made his fro rti fr " l a shopman to a shop of his own, and then . th e 0 eot s to biscuits, and now, besides his biscuits, he is n .er of several' first-rate merchant vessels, bearing eight s to and from the East. S N A? , ° BY SIR JOHN HANMRR, BART. Moron, London, 1841. J villoticed a small vo l ume o f po ems by Sir ands l i , - ITI - oner several months ago in The Sun, ma of them in terms of praise ; and we 1 %14 , 0, 4 1 1 ' 11 perfect j us ti ce , speak in equally fa lin„te t erms of the volume of Sonnets now ELlr t 7 ° i n our table, which display much of the e till tooughtful spirit of 'Wordsworth, and are ease nier recommended to us by their uniform ;IN V' grace of versification. But few of our_ Len e , e- ; 11 Poets have attained to any great excel ritei.° that difficult—and, in inferior hands, im -ler4tle--species of composition, the Sonnet ; ` l isti ti , - ," ; itanmer is one of these few, and the - " 131 1 is an enviable one. LONDON ALMANACK. , xis Se°ll, London, 141. Porii h e ful Work of every-day reference, a great . _ 'otri t l cLl ) f Whose contents have been carefully nicar e u from public documents and the commu -I°4 of official authorities. St ‘17 , ,Y 1 -------- - ' "c•-rt IN THE UNITED STATES. Thi s , Ward, _London, 1841. Nies to °'llllle cousists, for the most part of re the Bgriuteissi t l i ztransmitted by the Committee Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, thr" -Abolition of Slavery and the Slave Trade th e u ghout 1 the World, from which we deduce . .!° thillpe`ancholy fact that this nefarious traffic is, I ,terit, - „ P d re sent day, prosecuted to as large an ex "4l'4 4.. ' with as many instances of atrocious bar- Y, 48 at any former period. THE SPECTATOR. Ore h a Sherwood, L on d on , 1841. tt e . ":.(liti" °l l of re her e t h e fi ve fi rst parts o f a N ew tr tY tl the Spect a t or , w h ose principal peculi- Ar o it is illustrated in acrography—au 1 )c y r €lnent in the art of engraving made about 4 : l . l l, t l ;ie tt er r a s ee a i g i(! , b y Mr. Louis Schonberg, a native The specimens before us possess 4 14 wi ti , fre edom and boldness of pen and ink i t , c) re ) 8 ' or etchings, which, indeed, they much v . Z se lY . resemble than wood engravings. i nts handsomely bound, and is of a -"tvenie size. A 0 _ RAMA OF ST. JEAN D'ACRE. Vi- we t ew -'re ktt ra ° I this Panorama. favoured— yesterday with a private which will be sure to 1)41;it attention, if only from its subject. As a t th ert ; n g it exhibits great skill and spirit, b . u , ,ttiti44-ttre occasional marks of haste abou e t or i n t_ M ete li.xtin doubt from the artists' anxiety ~ ,";'ttilZ,i ' e%re the circumstances of the ile sn'tnent of the fortress should be forgotten. to recent r(ii 'l(o.7 '' ' 4 , l "l t 'r is supposed to stand on the extreme . to tit -: w e iand o which Acre is situated, just t() the -illltetioll of its two sides which are open ` ll 4le: e a, and form a strongly fortified salient t4Nuu-41e thus commands a view of the . whole fre_ r°1 4.1 14 1, both directions, the immediate o _ t:C 3 ,' ) ' r : e itin* occupi e d by the works of the e nv tl4- '' \Ow occupied represented busily serving ''e th,7.111.s Direc t tly in front, which appears to t css, t ,i centre point of attack, are tour . stfeanl 'reth' 8 ; to the right are the British ships o b war, the t ,et ti 'est among which, and conspicuous . t j u' "dnus broadsides they are tiring, are the ‘. f t \v , 7 1 ' and the Princess Charlotte ; to , . 1.1 ye 1 ext to the steamers, are the Austrian r( ki ss r 8 ; and lastly, a Turkish ship of se% en 3 Walker, wikuptis, co mmanded by Rear-Admiralthe rank of 1 1 4 , 1-I h ti le Sulta n has lately raised to . 'kr La- At the back of the spectator is seen a tl i( !e Porti ou of the devoted city ; and in distance, so often su mmits of the mountains of Cannel—so 4 s l'eferred to in Holy Writ—tog-ether with 1444-,,ll°NvY height s of the Lebanon. The whole 1 11 e : r ala is full of incident, and stirring with p ie, a degree not often wittiesed in these theirillgs- The figures of the Egyptian troops, N tli viaried grouping, and resolute demeanour, w ad e the broadsides and shells from the ships of kr e ar e Makin g i)arponrtray dreadful havoc among them ; ed with sim_rular animation ; but that Eit)eettif the picture which will most rivet the llo wa ter's attention, is the explosion of the great tiress.el. Magazine, which produces a truly inl- Ai r. ge effect by reason of its vigorous colouring. 41: urford has been not less fortunate in his whi'tnation. of the shattered state of the walls, ruder are crumbling to pieces in all directions T he T.,the irresistible cannonade of the besiegers. tiali:needing and mangled corpses of the Egyp qh,::tyllich meet the spectator's eye in whatever li e ,;', [1 . 0 4 he turns, add greatly to the ghastly saw 1 ) , 1 of the scene. We had no idea till we V(liri.iTins Panorama,, of the great extent and pro s; 1 -;s strength of St. Jean :D'Acre, which on a Ivi t hg_tance at its array of forts and walls bristling Tiit_c.annort in all quarters, would appear to be 't! impregnabl. IN. _____,_______,............,„,„,„ ti4Nit/P,ItNIENT OP HATFIELD.—After the death Thi rd ",eld, who attempted to assassinate King George the f .N tit , his relations, who reside in the neighbourhoo d l o hi, r ~,"I,ell, applied to the authorities of Bethlem to r ra r r e e . treet".._linis delived up to them for interment, but thei vi 8 not granted. Au intimation was made that tliel,eoet7urnriernraein,tiewaovuinldg undertake the whole of the exper sea of it to the friends of the deceased to a s c e : tsrZsi?ot for the interment. Arrangements wer s e atur. y in n g . ly made for the funeral, which took place on - crown of t. tly " tl i e e b d u e ri4l - d S Andrew's, Holborn. . et f t death of Lady \Vigram, a large accession th ,° t r t o he devolves to the present Baronet, who assumed r itob_.!rne and bearings of Fitzwygram. t rii " , was Member for Wexford at the period of the The late S Vist(olluilltaind. grandson of Margaret, sister of the first .40Itus, STEAM-COAL. The development which Steam Navigation l it-lily receiving gives a public• interest to any the: relative to fuel, and especially if it tends to faci iitate the extension of steam to voyages one. :hought too long to permit such a mode of com munication. The Royal Mail Steam Packets for the West Indies will soon dispel the few doubts which ma` remain as to the practicability of so long a voyage, though the invariable success which has attended the New York steamers leaves little to be desired on the point of experience. The British Queen steamer between London and New York has been supplied with the Llangennech coal since her first voyage, and its value as a steam-coal is thus finally set at rest. Its peculiar property for long voyages,—that of greater durability than any other coal—was brought forward publicly before the House of Commons Committee on Steam Navigation in July 1824, and Dr. Lardner, in examining this question in his work on the Steam Engine, points attention to the importance of this coal, and cites the parliamentary evidence on the subject. An interesting trial at the Blackwall Railway within the last few days has again proved it superiority. It was used for one whole day competion with a north country coal of high re pute, on a preceding day. The duty of the sta tionary engines is to convey the trains backwards and forwards by means of an endless rope, and this offers a measure of work of greater equability than any other except pumping ;—its result must therefore be free from error and conclusive. The quantity used of the north country coal was 6 tons 18 cwt., and of the Llangennech coal only 5 tons 6 cwt., being a saving of upwards of 30 per cent. ; now, putting on one side the gain, here is a coal proved by continuous experience to be better than any other hitherto known for long voyages, since an equal quantity in bulk and weight will permit a steamer to run a greater number of days without a fresh supply, and the importance of this peculiar power would in many situations make price altogether subordinate. Its action upon boilers" has been proved by twelve years' experience "at Messrs. Meux and Co.'s extensive brewery' to - be less than any other fuel, and chemical analysis has confirmed this result by establishing the comparative ab sence of that very destructive admixture, sulphur. The coal burns almost wholly free from smoke, a quality hitherto slightly appreciated, but which will one day—and perhaps not far distant—be considered the prime requisite in fuel for steamers, or at least for those employed on naval service. By the ascent of the smoke above the horizon the motions of the steamers in Calais Harbour are at all times observable at Ramsgate with an ordinary glass from first lighting the fires to put ting out to sea, and this is equally so at double the range, when there are no currents of air to depress the column of smoke. This combination of qualities so advantageous seems to make this coal all that can be desired as a fuel for steamers on long voyages, and its cer tain safety from spontaneous ignition, by reason of the total absence of pyrites, gives a special character to this coal in circumstances of distress and danger at sea, large quantities thereof having.: been sent tothe Persian Gulph, Red Sea, and the East and West Indies. COURT CIRCULAR. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Fanny Howard, arrived at Claremont Park. at half•past one o'clock, on Saturday afternoon, in a carriage and four, from town. Her Royal Highness lunched with her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, and took her departure at three o'clrck, on her return to Ingestre House, Belgrave-square. In the evening, Colonel and Lady Isabella Wemyss had the honour of joining the Royal party at Claremont at dinner. Yesterday evening Sir Robert and Lady Gardiner had the honour of joining the Royal circle at dinner. The Duchess of Kent attended Divine Serviee yes terday morning, in the Chapel in Kensington Palace. Lady Fanny Howard was in waiting on her Royal Highness. Tile Duke of Cambridge attended Divine Service yesterday morning, in Grosvenor Chapel, South AO ley -street. Baron Knesebeck was in waiting on his Royal Highness. His Excellency the Hanoverian Minister had an au dience of her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, at Ingestre House, Belgrave-square. The Duke of Cambridge, attended by Baron Knes beck, left town on Saturday morning for Combe Wood. and spent the day shooting. His Royal Highness returned to Cambridge House in the evening. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday afternoon, at the Foreign Office. It was attended iy all the Mi nisters. The Council sat three hours. The Ministers and Officers of State of the Royal Household were invited to Lansdowne House,Berkeley square, on Saturday evening, to arrange the list of Sheriffs for the present year, previous to its being sub mitted to her Majesty in Council. There were pre sent the Lord Chancellor, Earl of Clarendon, Viscount Melbourne, Marquis of Normanby, Viscount Palmer ston, Lord John Russell, the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, Earl of Minto, Sir John Hobhouse, Viscount Duncannon, Right Hon. H. Labour:here, Lord Morpeth, the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay, and the Esrl of Al bemarle. The Marquis of Lansdowne, Lord President of the Council entertained the party at dinner. Mr. C. C. Greville, Clerk of the Privy Council was also present. The Lord Steward visited his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, yesterday, at Cambridge House. The Prussian and Russian Ministers transacted bu siness on Saturday, at the Foreign Office. Lard Wharncliffe had an interview with the Mar quis of Normauby, on Saturday, at the Home Office. Despatches from Sir Lionel Smith, Governor of the Mauritius, and from the Governor of Gibraltar, were received yesterday at the Colonial Office. MUSICAL INTELLIGENCE. The English Opera House will be opened early in March, by an operatic company, consisting of Messrs. Balfe, Wilson, Barker, Stretton, Phillips, Madame flilfe, Miss Macmahon, &c. Leader of the orchestra, Mr. T. Cooke. Liszt has met with a splendid reception at Edinburgh and Glasgow, where his performances on the pianoforte have been applauded with enthusiasm. His coadjutors, Miss Steele, Miss Bassano, Richardson, Lavenu, and John Parry, have succeeded in affording the highest gratification to numerous and brilliant audiences. The party were to have given a concert at Newcastle on Monday, and on Wednesday atDurham and Sunderland ; then at Darlington, Richmond, and Halifax ; after which they will return to London. The Glee Club had an excellent meeting lately John Capel, Esq., in the chair, supported by Sir J. L. Rogers, and a number of amateurs and professors of music. Among the latter were Messrs. Hawes, Hors- Icy, Sale, Fitzwilliam, Bishop, Elliott, Collyer, T. Cooke, J. 0. Atkins, Walmisley, Evans, Hawkins, Bradbury, Spencer, Blackbourne, Hobbs, Ike. Several fine com positions of the o'd masters were excellently sung, and among those of modern date were Horsley's fine glee, " Awake, my lyre ;" T. Cooke's " Fill me, boy ;" Evans' " Shall I be wasting ;" Elliott's " Bee ;" and Bishop's charming round, " When the wind blows," accompanied by the composer, which was loudly encored. The Melodists' Club met on Wednesday for the first time this season, on which occasion the following artists were invited—Willy (violin), Carte (flute), and W. H. Holmes (pianoforte). THE MADRIGAL SOCIETY.—John Immyns, who founded this Society, in 1741, was an attorney, but his vocal coadjutors consisted of Spitalfield weavers. Their first meeting used to be held at the Twelve Bells, in Bride-lane. The Society at present has a library of upwards of two thousand madrigals, from the earliest period, which is, perhaps, the finest collection in the world. Drury-lane and Covent-garden have been crowded every evening by the admirers of music at one house, and the lovers of Shakespeare and splendid spectacles at the other. RAILWAYS IN FRANCE.—New efforts are making to raise France from its sad inferiority in rail road enterprise. A considerable number of Deputies of the departments of the north, east, and south. east, pro pose to have a meeting, in order to concert definitively in favour of a system of railways, respecting which the Chamber will be called upon by some of its members to declare itself. It is proposed to form several lines, com posing by their junction, or by the aid of riven connected with them, a grand line from one extremity of France to the other. This would be the realization, as perfect as could be desired, at once, of the junction of the Mediter ranean and the North Sea. The railways which are par ticularly talked of are three—Paris to Lisle, Paris to Chalons, and Chalons to M ulhause, with branches on the line of Alsace, and leading t nus from Paris, Lyons, or Mar seilles, to Basle and Strasburg. To these we have to add the railway from Rouen to Havre, and that from Lisle to Dunkirk._ Gulignani. CALITION.—An order was received at the Post office on Tuesday, which we trust will be frequently repeated, to search every newspaper in order to see if the laws relative to the sending letters in this way was evaded. We arc sorry t o h ear t h at au i nstance was di scovere d of its being so, and that a letter was found enclosed to a re spectable firm in this town. Now this is really too bad, after the Legi s l ature has reduced the postage to an a l most nominal amount, and given the greatest boon ever known to the mercantile classes, to endeavour to evade the pay mint of such a trifle by s uc h a sl-.abby manoeuvre. The penalties attached to a detection at •e heavy, and most pro per, and we can have no pity up. )n those who choose to • risk the diseovery,—Hampshire In dependent. rrN , qvic LONDON., UAR 'V 1 1841 • Pitol - 1NC1A..1..A BANK kip' TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—As there arc some inaccuracies in he account furnished to you by the reporter of the extraordinary general meeting of the Proprietors of this B ink held ore on Thursday, the `?Bth inst., I am desired by the Directors to hand you a corrected report of what took place, and to request the favour of you to insert it in your next publication. 1 am, Sir, your obedient servant, JAMES MARSHALL, Secretary. Lon .!on, Jan. 30,1841. An extraordinary general meeting of the Proprietors If the ,bove Bank was, on Thursday, held at their es tablishment in Broad-street, for the purpose of electing Director iu the place of John Wright, Esq., who had resigne.l. . O. DARKER, Esq., being calkal to the Chair, The SECRETARY of the Bank read the advertise ments which convened the meeting, and which a:so stated its objects. The CllAlRMAN—Gentlemen, you have heard the advertisement. We are now here assembled for the purpose of electing a Director in the room of Mr. John Wright, who has retired. There is but one candidate to fill the situation ; I will, therefore, put his name to Lhe vote. "Is it your pleasure, Gentlemen, that duffles Heline, Esq., be elected a Director ?" It was unani mously carried. FUEDERICK READ, Esq.—l believe I shall now be in order if I refer to a subject which appears to affect the character of this establishment. It arises from a letter which, in common with the other Proprietors, I have received from Mr. Baldwin, who has been a candidate For the vacant Directorship, but who has now with drawn. Yet he may again become a candidate when another vacancy takes place.—(Hear, hear, hear.) I have been struck with the manner in which that letter is couched, and I wish to cell the particular atten tion of the meeting to two points in it —( lean) The first applies to what may occur at a future elec tion, and reflects upon the mode in which elections are conducted. Mr. B.'s statement implies, that any re commendation coming from the Board in favour of a candidate, as being best qualified to fill the situa tion, will be sure to secure his election. I believe we passed a resolution binding ourselves to support the best qualified candidate. If that resolution is proposed to be rescinded, I wculd oppose it with the same warmth which I showed in its favour, when it was first proposed to the Proprietors. The resolution re ferred to is as follows—" that in future elections it would conduce to the good management of the Bank's affairs, if a recommendation should - Ere - made by the Directors to the Proprietors in favour of those curd . - dates whom, alter due inquiry, they shall find to be best qualified to fill the situation."—( Hear, hear.) The next question is one of more importance, which, with your permission, I will read. The paragraph in the letter to which I refer, and of which I most complain, runs as follows :—" The manifest disposition of dis couraging Irish gentlemen who come forward on simi lar occasions, is a subject which has for some time occupied the attention and attracted the notice of my countrymen, and is worthy of your mature considera tion, for it has engendered a strong spirit of jealousy, which, though slowly, is working deeply to the injury of your establishment. It is a fact which cannot be denied, that this feeling mainly gave rise to a power ful opposition bank—more powerful than wealthy, on account of its national influence—time effects of which have beta severely felt on more than one oc casion. The hest proof 1 can give of what I assert is, that this was one of the chief arguments used by the promoters of that Institution, when they applied to me and other friends to co-operate with them in forming the establishment." This has been sent forth in a general circular, which I consider is calculated to injure the present establishment ; an establishment standing at present high in public estimation—(Hear, hear, hear)—and upon which I should be sorry there should be cast any imputation whatever. I therefore rise on this occasion to give the Court of Directors an opportunity to relute or explain what the worthy Pro prietor refers to in his circular ; and if he should be present he will explain why he has cast upon the Court of Directors a reflection which they do not deserve.—Cheers.) I have no knowledge of the gentleman, but this I know, that the same number of Irish gentlemen continue at our Board, or indeed more than were there when we were first established —(Hear, bear.) I believe the whole Board of Direc tors to have displayed so much zeal, ability, and cour tesy in the general management of our affairs, that they do not merit the imputation that has been by such a course attached to them.—(Hear, hear.) The CHAIRMAN—I am extremely sorry my friend, Mr. Baldwin, is not present, which I presume he is net, as I do not see him, and this will prevent my saying many things which I should otherwise do.—(Hear, hear.) From the way in which this question has been asked, I shall feel it my duty to answer it. But ever since this letter has been circulated we have felt our selves placed in a difficult situation, having to suffer under a serious charge, which, if correct, we should not deserve that which we have always received, the entire confidence of the Proprietors.—(Hear.) If we had not considered that a contest was about to take place, we would have sought an earlier opportunity to rescue ourselves from this charge ; but we felt that if we did so, it might militate against one of the candidates.— (Cheers.) I am thankful to Mr. Reed for giving me an opportunity to speak to the question ; at the same time, I am sorry that my friend Mr. Baldwin did not first investigate the facts, which he might have learnt upon both these points. I must think he was la bouring under some misapprehension.—(Hear.) I will not criticise his words, however hard they may appear to bear on the Board of Directors, for we can throw ourselves upon the Proprietors, who, I feel satisfied, will not deprive us of their confidence.—(Hear, hear.) But Mr. Baldwin is under a mistake when he states the Court of Directors recommended a candidate to you. Yet I will distinctly state, in answer to what appears in that letter, that bad your Directors felt that your interests and the interests of the establishment required it they would not have flinched from so doing, whether such a resolution had passed or not, for we do feel that as Directors of this establishment we are bound to uphold its general interests—(Cheers) —whether we receive the entire approbation of every indie vidual Proprietor or not—(Cheers) —for we conceive your interests demand it. We do not hesitate in saying the statement has given us very great pain, for we must remember that the parties to which it is addressed are, many of them, residing in Ireland, who have warm hearts, generous spirits, but a quick sensitiveness, and they may consider, as a body, that they arc slighted by the Directors. — (Hear, hear.) I do not conceive that any proposition could be put forward against the Directors of this establishment, that would have a more prejudicial effect, than that Irish gentlemen were discouraged from coming forward as candidates for offices in it, and that in consequence it was gradually sinking in their esti mation, and, if true, deservedly so.—(Hear, hear.) Since that establishment had been formed there has been but one instance where an Irish gentleman came forward as a candidate and was not elected ; and what was remarkable, the two candidates on that occasion were both Irishmen, and of course we could not elect the two to fill one vacancy,—(Hear, hear, and laugh ter.) This could not be considered rejecting an Irish gentleman ; I am sure you have reason for rejoicing in your choice, when I state to you that the gen tleman elected was Mr. Young, Member for Cavan. —( Cheers.) The other gentleman withdrew his name prior to the election, and as he did not reside in Eng land, and did not again offer himself, you could not therefore elect him. On another occasion an Irish Nobleman wished to become a Director, but he died be fore a vacancy took place. You will, therefore, see that every Irish gentleman who has been proposed has been elected. This will relieve the Directors from the charge that they have discouraged Irish gentlemen from coming forward as candidates for offices in this esta blishment.—( Hear, hear.) We are told by Mr. Bald win that we are losing ground in Ireland. We had naturally expected that Mr. B. would have pointed out where, for we do not find it among the Shareholders in Ireland ; to prove which I will take their number at Christmas for the last three years. In 1838 they were 355. In 1839, they amounted to 398 ; and in 1840 they rose to 440—(Hear, hear) —being an increase of 95 upon the three years, This does not indicate any strong decline of confidence in this establishment. Last year three-fourths o: the shares disposed of in London were sent to Ireland—(Cheers) —this is also satisfactory, giving us a stronger hold upon the good opinion and affections of the Irish peo ple. If this establishment were so sinking in the esti mation of the Irish public, would it not be felt among the Grand Juries of Ireland ? but have we not been appointed receivers by them ? Our sole anxiety is that where the bane has gone the antidote should come.— (Cheers.) But I have my doubts whether we can pre vent altogether the mischief which this letter may have done, as it has gone to every Proprietor. Under a late Act of Parliament the Grand Jury of each county were directed to select a banker for the account of the county treasurer. It then became a matter of competition among the Banks to obtain the county treasurer's accounts ; yet out of 23 which are without the exclusive circle of the Bank of Ireland, we have 14, and 9 are left for all the other Banks in Ireland, in the south and west, as well as in the north, where the local banks have numerous branches, and partners intimately connected with gentlemen who form the Grime Juries. This does not indicate a decline of confidence in us. If we refer to the Boards of Guardians of the Poor law Unions, of which there are many yet to be formed, we find that thirty-four of them have preferred this esta blishment, which has so sunk in public estimation.— (Cheers.) I wish my friend Mr. Baldwin had taken the trouble to inquire, before he brought forward his statement, for had he done so I feel quite certain that he would not have said one word against the Directors to any Proprietor or person interested in the Provincial Bank of Ireland for the chance of gaining a few votes. However he has now, though late in the day, retired iron) tne contzst, turn ) what rt•a,ot: I kl,n , V flOt e tJui pr. . 71 ' 11)1 Y b'e ,o - I se he diti not fiwt suppwte :1 he eXpVC , C:I. I felt it W,i3 Ti:!ht 51101:11 , ) knO , V 30 much. There is another fact I wish t- state to you ; you are awilre that this was the fi-st Joint-stock B ink introduced into Ireland, to he carri,.(i out on the principles of Scotch hlnking. it was, there fore, te•cessary to obtain men who were arquaie!,... with that system ; we therefore sought for persons from that country, where the system had been so beneficially carried out. We employed Scotch and English gentlemen, because Irish gentlemen had to be taught the system, hut never intended to exclude the. . _ talent of Ireland. I will name to you the number of each country engaged in this establishment : 127 Irish, 51 Scotch, and 14 English.—(Hear, hear.) In addi tion to this there aro 56 local Directors in Ireland. Of these two are Scotch gentlemen, who have been long settled io Ireland. This shows we do not want to ex clude Irish t dent in the working of this establishment. —( Hear, hear.) I will now, Gentlemen, conclude by askit..: you whether you consider the Directors deserve the nflections and charges brought against them by Mr. B ?—(Cheers.) Mr. F. REED---,1 am sorry Mr. Baldwin is not in the room, but I am sure you must all feel rejoiced at hearing so triumphant a refutation of the charges made in that letter.—(Cheers.) I feel any further observations would only lessen the force of those which have fallen from the Chairman.—(Cheers.) I also feel that when this g ,es forward to the world it will give an increased coaidence in the establishment, and that what Mr. B. has done will do us no injury. I feel that, after the manner in which the Chairman has explained, it will do us much good. I will therefore move " that the most cordial thanks of this meeting be tendered to the Chair man and the Court of Directors, for the complete and triumphant refutation which has this day been given to the statements conveyed by the letter of a Proprietor aldressed to the Shareholders at large, with reference to the administration of this establishment, which state ment, however, this meeting is disposed to believe must have been made under misapprehension or misinforma tion on the subject." Capt. PORTER—You speak, Mr. Chairman, of the number of Irishmen who are shareholders, but you must be referring to those only who by your books ap pear to be resident in Ireland. lam an Irishman, un fortunately a younger brother, and have another younger brother ; we may be said to be transported here ; we are both shareholders and both resident in England, though Irishmen. Our family have eleven stars among us in the list of Proprietors, and there are no doubt many other Irish Shareholders similarly situated.—Hear, hear.) Allow me the honour of se conding that resolution. It was put and carried with acelammation. The CHAIRMAN-111 the name of my brother Di rectors and myself, I thank you ; and we will still en deavour to promote the interest of this establishment, as we have hitherto done. I believe we cannot say any more.—(Cheers.) RAILWAY MEETINGS. GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY. A general meeting of proprietors of the Grand Junction Railway was held on Friday afternoon at one o'clock, in the Cotton Sales-room, Liverpool ; John Moss, E,q. in the chair. From the report which was produced by the Directors, it appeared that, in the receipt from every branch of income, there is an increase as compared with the corresponding part of 1839. except in the carriage of live stock, which is rather less, while the ratio of expenditure to receipt is again con siderably lower. The receipts were : Last six months Last six months of 1840. of 1839. From C0aching.....£188,620 15 5 ... 187,476 8 5 „ Goads ..... ... 40,934 2 1 ... 35,220 10 0 „ Live Stock.... 3,008 10 11 ... 3,607 5 8 232 563 8 5 226,304 4 1 Expenses... 99,627 1 7 ... 107,880 10 5 This saving, it was stated, is principally in the impor tant item of locomotive power, the comparative outlay being, for the last six months of 1839, on a receipt of 226.304/. 43. ld., 38,511/. 7s. sd. ; and in the cor responding period of 1840, on a receipt of 232,5631. Bs. 5d., 29,433/. 10s. ld., or an actual diminution of expense, on a receipt larger by 6,0001., of more than 9,0001. The Directors congratulated the Proprietors on the exemption, of the Grand Junction Railway from unfortunate casualties or accidents affecting life or property, at a time when some untoward occur rences on other lines have been made the ground of much exaggerated anxiety on the subject of railway travelling. The opening of the Chester Branch, it was stated, has taken place since the last general meeting ; hitherto the traffic on this line has not been consider able ; but the arrangements now completed for the conveyance of merchandise from Chester, from the Ist proximo, and the advancing season, may be expected to add materially to the income at Chester, both from this source and from passengers. A further reduction in the rates of carriage for goods, it appears, has ben made since the last general meeting ; the result of which has been an increase in the quantity, as well as in the money receipt from this traffic. It is expected that the great advantages which the Company have now secured to the public will continue to attend a still increasing and profitable business. On this subject the Directors think it proper to state, in consequence of assertions to the contrary which have been hazarded, that the terms on which the merchandise business of the Company is now conducted, although more reasonable than any be fore offered to the public, are such as to afford a fair remuneration to the Company ; and that, in deciding on the successive reductions which have taken place, as the Company's means of accommodation increased, they have been guided by a conviction, that the prosperity of the undertaking would be promoted by the increase of traffic created by such inducements. The additions which have been lately made to the passenger fares (but which have not raised them to a rate as high as is charged on other lines in connection with this railway) were deemed expedient, in consequence of the subtraction by other lines of part of the traffic on which the calculations of income, originally sub mitted to Parliament, were founded. The net income, it appears, after deducting all expenses, exclusive of the amount of the interest of the unliquidated debt now charged on the quarter shares at five per cent. on the stock, and equal to 12s. 6d. per share, is 137,4811. 11s. 9d. This, the Directors stated, would enable the Proprietors to declare a dividend at the rate of 61. 10s. per 1001. share, and in proportion on the paid-up amount of the half shares, and on the quarter shares lately created. And this the Directors accordingly re. commended to the meeting. When the Report had been read, the Chairman, Mr. Moss, addressed a few observations to the meeting, and the Treasurer read a correspondence which had lately taken place with the Postmaster-General, from which it appears that the Post-office department are quite satisfied with the manner in which the mail service is performed by the Grand Junction Company, both as to safety and des patch, and are convinced that it offers a freedom from accident which never was accomplished by the mail coaches, travelling at their accelerated speed. The report and address were very favourably received, and ordered to be circulated, with the correspondence, amongst the Proprietors ; after which the meeting ter minated. LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER RAILWAY. The annual general meeting of this Company took place on Wednesday, at the Cotton Sales-room, in the Exchange-buildings. Charles Lawrence, Esq., Chair man of the Board of Directors, presided.—The Report of the Directors, and the accounts of the receipts and disbursements were read. These showed, notwithstund- lug the diminution of traffic and travelling, owing to rile stagnation of trade and other causes adverted to in tbe Report, a considerable increase over the net proceeds of the corresponding period of last year.—A dividend at the rate of 51. per cent. was made' for the half-year ending 31st December last ; and a first instalment, at the rate of '2l. per share upon the 1001. shares, and of 4;. per share upon the original quarter shares, being a portion of the interest to which those shares (only) are entithd, was likewise ordered to be paid to the Proprietors of those shares out of the surplus fund.— The attention of the meeting was then called by Mr. Alston and Mr. Coglan to the following paragraph in the report :—" The last circumstance which the Direc tors will mention, as having diminished to some extent the travelling by railway, is the temporary want of con fidence in the security on that mode of conveyance. The Directors deeply regret the railway accidents which have occasioned this a pprehension in the public mind. In the sudden development and extension of this new mode of locomotion in the marvellous transition from a speed of ten miles to that of thirty miles an hour—though we may regret, perhaps we can herdly wonder, that newly opened lines have not been alto gether exempt from accidents. The earnest attention of railway management is turned to the consideration of the hest means of making railway conveyance as pre-eminently safe, as it is decidedly cheap and expedi tious ; and the Directors have the fullest confident:le in the accomplishment of this great object, if, indeed, Liking a fair comparison, it be not already attained. It is a circumstance worthy of remark and congratu lation, that the frequency of accidents seems to be in no way connected with the increase of traffic on any railway ; those lines where the traffic is the largest in the kingdom having been for a long time almost free from these casualties. In the last twelve months, one million and fifty-two thousand passengers have been conveyed on the Liverpool and Manchester line, with but one accident, which befel a passenger who reck lessly jumped out of a second-class carriage when at lull speed, to save a few miles wa o l w k i i n n a g t f o ren t n he th a e lin ne o x s t t tiu stopping-place. It would seem that the necessity for constant vigilance and unremitting care on the part of the een c n ng o i u n e s rnen' movementpolicemen, 84 e., large traffic, produces as its consequence the habit of vigilance, and that in tuitive caution, on which the security of railway tra velling must at all times materially depend. Con nected with this subject, the Directors are happy to refer ta, ycoweretlU' which WoS BirtnitlXhilM, on Tu,•srhy. the I9th instant, the of which was to consider and the means at. in 'Teased s.if.. , ty to railway traveding. The resoiuz.:ous issed at the conleire,ice have auneired in the !it:bk., papers, and copies of toe proceedings may be obtained T , easureet- offic.: by Proprietors Ili -11 tllc subject.'--The o f z i )F , were unanimously voted to the Directors, and to their manager:; and assistants, for their vigilant and skilful management of the line, and for their care and unre mitting attention in those respects. It appears from the statement of accounts submitted to the meeting, that the receipts for the half-year ending December 31, 1840, were as following :—From the coaching depart ment, 81,713/. 3 s . 2d. from the carriage of merchan dise, 54,9011. 4s. 10d.; and from the carriage of coal, 2,709/. Os. 7d. ; making a total of 139,3231. Ss. 7d. The expenditure for the same period amounted to 69,694/. 7s. ; leaving a net profit of 70,6291. Is. 7d. BOLTON AND PRESTON RAILWAY. Tue half yearly meeting of the Proprietors of this railway was held at the Swan Hotel, Bolton, on Wed nesday afternoon last, John Hargreaves, sen , Chairman of the Board of Directors, took the chair. Mr. Peter Sinclair, Secretary to the Company, read the R-port ; by which it appeared that the line as far as Nightingale Bridge, near Chorley, nine miles and a quarter from Bolton, is now com pleted, and will be opened on Monday next for the conveyance of passengers, &c. from Manchester and Bolton to that place, and thence by coach to Chorley and Preston. The funds were declared to be in a satisfactory state ; and when the Report had been read, a number of questions were put by the Proprietors, and answered by the Chairman, Secretary, and Mr. Adic, the engineer. —The Chairman said, that 190,000/. the capital, had been paid up, as required by the Act of Parliament, and the Company were now in a situa tion to borrow 126,500/. by way of loan, bearing in terest, to complete the line ; and a resolution empower ing the Directors to obtain loans under that section of the Act of Parliament, was then unanimously agreed upon.' The five retiring Directors, John Hargreaves, sen., Benjamin Hick, C. 13riggs, R. S. Barlow, and John Cross, Esqrs. were reelected. A vote of thanks having been given to the Chairman, the meeting sepa rated. RAILWAY BETWEEN ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND. On Friday the Ist current, Sir Frederick Smith went by Hamilton to Lacark, and on the 2d he went by one of our railways to Airdrie, on the opposite bank of Clyde, and this week he was to be again at Lanark. When the inspection is completed, Sir Frederick will then have before him the whole four lines, the merits of each of which arc strongly advocated by their respective supporters. 1. The East line, from Edinburgh, by Dunhzr, and Berwick, to Newcastle, which its supporters hold as the best line between the two capitals, London and Edinburgh. 2. The East Midland line, from Edinburgh, by Gala shiels, through Roxbuighshire and the North Tyne, join ing the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway at Htxham, about forty miles from Carlisle. This is held out as giving Edinburgh the advantage of communication both to Lon don by Newcastle, and to Liverpool and Manchester by Carlisle. 3. The West Midland line, from Carlisle by Beatock, through Clydesdale, to Edinburgh and Glasgow, by two diverging lines of thirty miles each, from Symington in this county, or a point on the Clyde above ;Lanark. This is strongly advocated, as giving the nearest communication from both Edinburgh and Glasgow to London, as well as the West of England, with the advantage of accomplish ing this for the greatest part of the way by only one line. This line Is reported as the best by Mr. Locke ; and it may be worthy of remark, that it appears to have been by this line, and also from a similar point of divergence, that the Roman armies marched from England to the East and West of Scotland. And from near the same Roman sta tion diverges the great Parliamentary road executed by the late Mr. Telford, under the Government Comm ssioners for improving the communication between England and Stirling, or the North of Scotland. 4, The Westmost line, from Carlisle by Dumfries, Sanguliar, and Ayrshire to Glasgow. This is held out to be the best communication from Glasgow to all Eng land, by the report of Mr. Miller, engineer. The line from Edinburgh to Symington, running on the north of the Pentland range, is considered a much easier line, and through a much more productive dis trict, than the one previously surveyed to Edinburgh, by Linton, on the south of the Pentlands ; but the point of divergence, we believe, commands both sides of that range as well as both sides of the Clyde. Sir Frederick, we have also reason to understand, was sa tisfied with the field plans submitted to hina by the gen tlemen interested in the Eastern line; and was sur prised, after the long period elapsing since his appoint ment, that neither of the Nithsdale nor the Annandale and Clydesdale lines had been sufficiently mapped or delineated ; and this circumstance may, perhaps, ac count for the rumoured decision in favour of the East liuc.—Glasgow Herald. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE. At an early hour on Saturday morning a fire of con siderable magnitude, and most destructive in its ra vages, occurred in Westminster. It originated in the manufactory belonging to Mr. Rowland Ames, tool maker, situate in the Almonry, a colony infested by brothels, thieves, and the very lowest of the community. The premises were rather extensive, and approached by a gateway on the south-side of the street above named. They consisted of a manufactory, saw-mills, store-rooms, engine-house, timber-yard, and stables, all abutting the workhouse of`saint Margaret's. The fire was disco vered by an unfortunate female at about twenty minutes after three o'clock. She, it appears, lives in one of the brothels on the south-side of the Almonry, and ob serving a great light in the manufactory, immediately gave the alarm to the policcondutyin the neighbourhood. who proceeded to the spot, and aroused the foreman of the manufactory, whose place of abode adjoined the premises on fire. On the gates being forced open the flames were found to be raging in the store-rooms the most valuable portion of the property, they containing manuFactured goods to the extent of 1,0001. or 1,5001, and the fire had attained so firm a hold of the premises that to save them was impossible, and in the course of five minutes it burst into the atmosphere,and all West minster was illuminated. To describe the scene of con fusion that ensued in the Almonry is beyond the power of our informant. A large body of the B division of police were very quickly on the spot after the alarm had been given, and, by taking charge of the several trades men's houses in the vicinity, prevented depredation being committed. The first engine that arrived was that belonging to the station in Horseferry-road, fol lowed almost immediately after by those belonging to Saint Margaret's parish. Others from the County, Waterloo-road, King-street, Crown -street, West of Eng land, Wells -street, and Farringdon-street stations, arrived soon after in succession, and there being plenty of water running from the plugs about the neighbourhood, the greater portion of them were got into play. By the time that the first engine came up, the store-rooms and workshops above were completely on fire, and the flames were spreading to the saw-mills and the timber yard. The firemen lost no time in conveying the hose to that quarter, and directing the full force of an en gine on to the roof, which had ignited. The other engines prevented the engine-house and timber-yard from taking fire, but it was nearly three quarters of an hour before they were considered safe. By five o'clock the fire had somewhat abated in violence, the roof of the workshops and store-rooms having fallen in, and by six o'clock, the firemen had succeeded in getting it entirely under. Mr. Ames had endeavoured to trace out the origin of the fire, but up to last night his efforts were unsuccessful. The workpeople left the place catty on the previous evening, and at the time of their quitting the premises appeared apparently safe. Mr. Ames is insured in the County Fire-office, but to what amount our informant was unable to learn. The saw-mills, engine-house and stables are saved, but the other portion of the premises is totally consumed. A great many of the fair sex of the Almonry worked at engines until the fire was subdued. Fortunately no accident happened. In the Calcutta Courier of the 16th November, we find some account of a company forming at Bombay for trading on the Indus. Government, i seems, is about to establish a steam flotilla and monthlypackets on that river, which will ascend on the Gurrah or eastern branch of the river as far us Ferozepore, lying about sixty miles south of Lahore, and 1,200 miles from the sea. The un friendly spirit of the people on the lower part of the Indus will perhaps prevent any considerable trade from being carried on with them at first; but in the meantime all the Punjab will be open to us, with its three millions of prhabi tants, and the transportation of goods to Affghanistan will be greatly facilitated. The channel of the Indus will even be the best route to Bokhara, and ultimately it will lay open countries possessing six or seven millions of inhabitants to our commercial industry. We cannot help thinking that , due advantage has not been taken of steam navigation as a means of intercourse with the interior of Asia. A ship 1 with no other moving power than sails is helpless in a river, especially in ascending, but the use of steam completely removes this disadvantage. Supposing, for instance, that we were on good terms with Persia, why should not some of our merchants establish one or two steam-boats to ply on the Euphrates and Tigris? The latter passes through a well peopled country, and is navigable for three or four hundred miles ; the territory along the Euphrates is less populous, but in the season of floods the river is navigable 1 1 to the confines of Syria. With two or three guns the vessels would be secure against any attack of the predatory itribes ; and the fact that British goods reach the northern parts of Persia and the eastern parts of Turkey at present by an expensive overland journey of 800 or 1,000 miles from Trebisond, shows how much more profitably they :might be carried into these countries by the channel of the rivers.—Scotsman. AIARCHAIONT PEERAGE.—The claim of Cap tain F. D. Home, Bart., to this Peerage, which has occu pied much of the time of the Committee of Privileges during the last three Sessions of Parliament, and which has already received nine lengthened bearings in their Lordships' House, will, we understand , come under the final review of the ' Lord Chancelbr for decision almost im mediately. THE LATE DR. GILCIII)111. 're Journal des Debate announces with a well_ merited tribute to his memory, the death, on the 9th in,tant, of Dr. Gilchrist, the well-known who Lad, for the last few years, resided in Paris. Dr. Gilchrist was a native of Edinhureh, where he was :•ero , ;n the 19th of June, 1759, itu,t was consequently er the eighty-second year of his age. After com pleting his studies, he resided for several years in the island of Grenada, from whence he returned to his native city, and soon after went to Calcutta, in the medical service of the East India Company. There, he devoted himself to the study of the Orien tal languages ; and was one of the first Europeans who recognized the importance of the Hindostanee tongue, in transactions with the natives, and set methodically about acquiring it. Till his day, the officers of the Company had been content with a slight knowledge of Persian, in which language the acts of the Government, as well as the proceedings of the tribunals, were at that time registered. The popular tongue was believed to b 3 a mere jargon, and neglected accordingly. Satisfied of the benefits to be derived to the natives in their intercourse with Europeans by popularizing their language among the latter, he devoted some years to this labour of love. Habited in the Oriental garb, and accompanied by learned rnoonshees, he visited those parts of India in which the Hindostanee is spoken most purely ; and, by conversing with the best-edue..t d amongst the natives, acquired all the idioms and refinements of the language. The earliest conspicuous result of these labours was the first volume of his Anglo-Hin &stance Dictionary, which appeared in 1786, and was followed by the second in 1790. To these, in 1796, succeeded his Hindostanee Grammar. He edited, besides, several Hindostanee works, caused nume rous manuscript copies to be made of others, and continued, more and more, to facilitate the study of the language, by the publication of elementary works. The Marquis Wellesley, then Governor- General of India, munificently aided and encouraged the researches of Dr. Gilchrist ; and when the former founded the College of Calcutta, the latter was at tached to it, as Professor of Hindostanee and Persian. After having discharged these functions during four years, the state of the Doctor's health compelled him to return to Europe, in ISO 4. For many years after wards he continued, first in Edinburgh and then in London, to deliver fratuitous courses of lectures on the Hindostanee tongue—to publish new works on the sub ject—and to revise and reprint his old ones. These active occupations ceased only at the bidding of age and its infirmities. COMMERCIAL TREATIES. The delays and disappointments which have invariably attended the commercial negotiations and commercial treaties undertaken or concluded of late years between the British Government and foreign Powers, have thrown a good deal of unmerited distrust upon that mode of extending the trade and manufactures of this country. That distrust ought more properly to be attached to the department by which these matters have been so grievously mismanaged ; and the failure of our previous attempts is so manifestly attributable to an imperfect acquaintance with the subject, or gross volun tary neglect of the best opportunities, that these exam ples prove nothing against the advantages which a more active and enlightened system might assuredly confer re ciprocally upon ourselves and our Allies. The great basis upon which the whole fabric of commercial intercourse rests, is the growing and es er unsatisfied wants of civilized men. The more the globe is explored, occupied, and peopled, the more need is there of those productions of nature and of art which are indispensable to the life and happiness of mankind. Great Britain is, of all the nations in the world, best fitted to supply this demand, by the extent of her own productive dominions, by the power of capital, which is ever seeking for investment in every shape of enter prise abroad and at home, by the energy and skill of her industrious population, and by the strength and numbers of her maritime power. Hence it follows, that Great Britain has a larger share of commercial advantages to offer than any other nation. She has it in her power to assist by the legiti titnate influence of commerce the prosperity of every other nation, to open wide markets for their internal produce, to raise their revenues by increasing the de mand for colonial produce and cheap manufactured goods—in a word, to apply her own mighty commercial machinery to the development of resources in other countries which are as yet unknown to themselves and useless to the world. It may be inferred from the ini,ifferent success of our negotiators, that they have seldom held this language. We are looked upon in Europe as a nation of merchants, supplicating for privileges we will not grant to others, and seeking to reap where we have not sown. At other times reports have been made by the commercial agents of Downing-street, framed to suit some party purpose at home, and intended to assail the defects of our own commercial legislation, rather than to explain the real condition of foreign countries. The result has been, that the British Government, with an undoubted power of conferring the greatest benefits by a fair system of commercial intercourse, and able to outbid every other nation in supplies, in capital, and in navigation, has been baffled in the paltry attempts which have been ostenta tiously announced from time to time as boons to British industry. The consequence has been, that the Austrian Treaty, not having been combined (us had been intended by the sagacious Minister of that empire) with the negotiations then pending, but abruptly concluded at Constantinople, and having been framed with an entire oversight of son►c very important ele ments in the relations between the two countries, has given no proofs of vitality except in the Bill of indemnity which was brought into Parliament last Session to rectify its illegality. The Turkish treaty, as we showed to demonstration some months ago, had the effect of creating insurmountable restrictions on British commerce in some parts of the Ottoman em pire, whilst it professed to remove those restrictions in all. The Neapolitan treaty, which was a fair specimen of what might be done all over the world by the in fluence of common sense, was disavowed and smothered by Lord Palmerston. The French treaty, after years of uitless negotiation, was at last brought to the eve of completion, when it etas frustrated by political occur rences, although we venture to affirm, on very good French authority, that if the matter had been urged as it might have been by Lord Palmerston, that treaty would have been signed before our relations with France had chanced to be put in jeopardy, and would conse quently have afforded an additional pledge of peace to the mercantile communities in both countries. The inquiries made by Dr. Bowring as to the German Customs Union appear to have been attended with no result, and the periodical revision of that system is allowed to pass without any improvement of our rela tions with the large communities which constitute the League ; whilst, instead of makingithe - most of the supe rior liberality of the tariff of Hanover and the northern German States not belonging to the Prussian Union, we raise objections to the Stade dues, which involve no real principle or example of commercial legislation. If it be an object with us to stand upon a batter footing with the great German League, the obvious method is to confer advantages worth having on those States which have refused to belong to it. Our present tara, with all its inconsistencies and injudicious duties, at least en ables us to cede with a good grace upon points which are a positive restriction to other countries, although they only act as a negative and unproductive restriction to ourselves. It appears from tho evidence collected by the Com mittee of the House of Commons on import duties, that there are 516 articles in our tariff which produce on an average 1391. each to the annual customs revenue. Ten articles produce upwards of 100,0001. and below 500,0001. Nine produce upwards of 500,000/. each, but these nine articles produce collectively 18,575,071/. out of the 2.2,122,0951., which is the total amount of duties collected. In short, those nine articles, being all of primary necessity and vast consumption, are the grand source of our national income : a slight propor tionate increase or falling-off in them is of more im portance than all that happens to the other 854 taxed articles put together. The object of the imposts on the former is revenue ; that of the imposts on the latter, a costly and injudicious system of protection, frequently amounting to virtual prohibition : But although we admit that there is ample room for the revision and improvement of our own tariff, we do not adopt tho sweeping measure of reform recommended by the Insport Duties Committee. Example may be one mode of forcing open foreign markets, but negotia tion is another ; and in treating of these matters it is not unworthy of consideration that we have a number of points to concede, which it is even more important for other nations to gain than for us to grant. It is the duty of the Legislature and Administra tion to hold the balance evenly between those in terests which have acquired the importance of ma turity, and those which are yet to be created and nurtired in the various depen dencies of England. Without doubt there are elements of prosperity in the world sufficient to meet the undiscovered wants of un n g b e for enrichedm byiits b p o ro r d n ue g in e g ner t a h t e i m on , s. l w i l l l e h r.: a m more t a givesl m ( 1 . ny nation e x o h a w n i g l a nother °e him that takes ;" an d the same power whose wealth own that c p o r m od m u c e r t c io e n , slikel‘miaernek3i-,n.d. blesses and energy in time of need equipped all Europe for war, may employ the same gifts as generally and gener ously for the purpose of opening new channels of com munication, promoting new plans of improvement, and proving that the welfare of each derives its s ecur ity from, and contributes its share to, the welfare of all.— Tinres. COURSING.—THE GAME LAWS.—A vast number of informations recently have been laid under the Game-laws, to recover penalties from farmers and trades men for being present at, and assisting in, coursing. M. M. G. Dowling, Esq. was on Saturday called to the bar by the Hon . Jurable Society of Gray's Inn. MORNING E ITIO t0 :414% , , 4 3 T . ~ 1 -'-' `' •W.t s- O , L h (From the Eampshire Kloyraph.) - r• --. - '.'` .. 77 ~:,?:- AI, ' " ~...4 PORTSMOUTH, JAN- 30.—Tne Iris, 26, Cape Ntke,,; — ` - i , i.i: , ,q . sailed on Ti.ursday for the Co6st of Africa, tou*g. p'.:7-- " ii ;.' . ',. at Plymouth, to put on board the Inconstant 13 , Fir,,' • ' from this port, for conveumee to the Mocliterranelaraf44., .lio she. .0,i.1 tic. - 170 aso trout Pi y mnutil. The Lizard, steam-vessel,. Lieutenant T. W. B. Estcourt, arrived yesterday front Woolwich, on l'er way to the Mediterranean. The Fearless steamer arrived yesterday from Wool wich, with the officers and men who took round the Drier steam -vessel. NAVAL tNTELLIGENC The Wqrspite, 50 (ranee), was brought into the Basin on Wednesday, to be completed for commission. The Bittern, 16, is ordered to b.. ti,ted for com mission. The new steam-ship Stvx was launched at Sheerness Dock-yard, on Tuesday, and is ordered to be fitted out with all possible expedition.—Her burden is 1,057 tons. We understand the Iris and Pelic.m have gr.ne-ously follcsved the example of the Avon, Ripni, and Viper, and given a day's pay for the relief of the widows and orphans of thr' crew of the Fairy. Through the Cod exertions of Lieutenant Sherringhani, several ana:3 sums have been collected in this neighbourhood, for the same object. Mr. Langley, ordnance storekeeper, has given a donation of I/. to the food. In Harbour—Queen, Victory, Indus, Excellent, Royal George, Tkvecd, Rapid ; Lizard, Alban, and Echo steamers. At Spithead—Pelican. At Motherhank—Sussex freight•sldp. It may not be generally known that the ship's com pany of the Pylades, when serving on the Coast of Africa, under the command of Captain Castles, sub scribed the sum of 20/. towards the Nelson Monument. An order was this week received at this division of Royal Marines to:forward immediately recruiting par ties, each composed of three sergeants, three ,l ,o Derby, corporals, and one private, to the tollowiar places under the command of Capt. D. Campbell ; to Grant ham, under the command of Capt. Mercer ; to Wol verhampton, under the comulavd of Capt. ; and to Hereford, under the command of Capt. Pearce.— Two recruiting parties are also ordered out from Wool wich, one to Edinburgh, under the command of Capt. Wright. The standard is lowered halt' an inch ; it is now 5 feet 6. It is understood that the number of com panies about to be raised is twelve, which will give coin missions to twelve captains and 1t first-lientenaats, and the appointment of sixty sergeants and sixty corporals, five sergeants and five corporals being attached to each company of marines ; while there are only three sergeants and three corporals attached to companies of the line. PRONIOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. PROMOPlONS. — Lieutenant—Timains , Harvey, to the rank of Commander, and to the Racer ; J. S. A. Dennis (late First Lieutenant of the Phoenix, having compl,t.d Ids sea time), to the rank of Commander. Mate—Edmund A. Glynn, to the rank of Lieute nant, and appointed Flag Lieutenant to Sir Thomas Harvey. APPOINTMENTS.—Lieutenant---G. Vincent, to the Indus, %ice Dennis, promoted ; J. 13. West, from the Beacon to the Powerful. Mates—C. S. Dunbar, to the Lizard ; John Borlase, Edward Hardy, Edward Lacy, and \V. A. R. Lee (from the Naval College) to the Excellent, for the first ships wanting Gunnery Mates ; \V. Moorsom, to the Excellent. Acting Master's Assistant—John Matthews, to the Victory. Assistant Surgeons—Dr. W. M'Dermott, of the Caledonia, to the Iris ; A. L. Emslie, to the Queen ; John F. Veitch, to the Caledonia. Volunteer Ist Class—Gerald F. H. Wellesley, to the Indus ; George Stratton, from the Queen, to the Indus. Clerk in Chargc—C. H. Niblett, to the Raven. PLYMOUTH, THURSDAY, JAN. 28. The Comet steamer, Lieut. F. C. Stier, arrived on Tuesday from Liverpool, with volunteers.—The Avon, steamer, Lieut. R. D. Pritchard, arrived on Thursday, with volunteers from Liverpool.—The Endymion, 50, Capt. Hon. F. W. Grey, is expected to sail for the East Indies about the middle of next week.—The Incon stant, 36, Capt. D. Pring, nil sail for Malta, on the arrival of some seamen expected from Portsmouth ; she has had upwards of 150 men sent on board of her from the Caledonia, and will take out altogether up wards of 300, for the men-of-war in the Mediterra nean.—ln Harnoaze—Caledonia, San Josef ; Phecnix, Avon, Pluto, Comet, and Carron steamers and Raven cutter.—ln the Sound—lmpregnable, Belleisle, In constant, and Endymion. • (From the Hampshire Ind(penchne.) PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 30.—The Vindictive frigate has been taken into dock, reported upon, and will most likely be commissioned in the spring for active service. The Indus, 84, Capt. Sir J. Stirling, is making consi derable progress in her equipment, and will proceed to Spit head shortly to complete her crew, &c. The Tweed, 20, Capt. Douglas, is now an a tanto, and will go out of harbour in the course of next week. She expects to go to the South America❑ station to supply the place of the Calliope, 23, Capt. Herbert, or dered from the Brazils to the coast of China. The Pelican will proceed to the Mediterranean, and Lady and Miss Napier will go in her to join the Cam rno,!.ore on that station. SHIPPING INTELL/GENCE. (LLOYD'S.) —,...------- Lotinox„r A N. 30.—Wind this day at noon, light airs at North, with hazy weather. DaAL, JAN. 29.—Wind —Arrived the William Lee, Shepherd, from Calcutta; Swallaw•, Withyeombe, Zan zibar. Sailed the outward-bound. ..... DOVER, JAN. 29.—Arrived off, the Romeo, Block, from Charleston ; Neerlands, Koning, Batavia. LIVERPOOL. JAN. 29.—Wind N. W. to S. W. --Arrived the Harriet and Jessie, 111‘Kown, from Charleston. Sailed the Shannon, Killock, for Bombay ; Monticello, Lawson, Savan nah ; Rival, Sutherland, Nassau ; Adam Lodge, James, Charleston ; Independence, aye, New York. COWES', JAN. 29.—Sailed the James, Pasley, for Calcutta. Doist.iN, JAN. 27.—Sailed Garonne, Holmes, for Antigua. BaisTot., JAN. 29.—Sailed the Pitt, Antrobus, for Africa ; Steadfast, Simpson, Demerara. The Daniel has been got off, and has proceeded. PORT TALBOT, JAN. 28.—The Bristol packet, of Ply mouth, vsi!l become a total wreck. The Beasley, 31`Carthy, it is expected, will be got off. NOTICE TO MARINERS. The following is a copy of a letter received at L'oyd's from the Admiralty, dated January 29, 1841 : Sir,-1 am commanded by my Lords Commissioners of tile Admiralty to request that you will state to the Committee for managing the affairs of Lloyd's, that as inconvenience may arise to ships sailing to the coast of Africa without the Master of such ships having Certificates required by the 6th clause of the 10th article of the Treaty with Spain, my Lords would re commend that they provide themselves with the above Certifi cates accordingly. " I am, air, your most obedient humble servant, (Signed) " JOHN BARROW." " To William Dobson, Esq., Lloyd's." SOUTHAMPTON. A number of vessels from Cowes, Portsmouth, and the eastern portr, are proceeding to the westward, for the mackerel season, which has commenced very early this year. A quantity of fish have already been brought to this port to be forwarded to town. This is another benefit our railroad has brought us. The vessels last year ran to Portsmouth, from whence the fish was conveyed in carts to town, and we got the fish fro m th ence ; now ' this town and neighbourhood has the best and freshest supply, and they are also obtained at a cheaper rate. Isle of Wight lambs passed this way to town last season for the first time. We have seen none en route yet, but we hear they are very fine and plentiful, and that many have been slaughtered in the island, weighing from 9lbs. to lolbs. per quarter. Turnips arc very plentiful, but hay and straw both scarce and dear ; the former 61. per ton, the lat ter 51. per load. The weather has set in remarkably finer barometer, 30.10. Wind N.—Jan. 29. EXTRAORDINARY INSTANCE 0F LONGE- TIT Y.—A female pauper named Whiffin, es p:red on Fri. day in the workhouse of St. Luke's , C:iel'ea, . Arthur street, King's-road, having attained Amatordnar age of 107 years. She had been an i of . the above workhouse upwards of twenty yea rs, a nd retained all her death, when she fell into a state of second childhood. Mrs. reigns of five, sovereigns, one faculties unimpaired until a short time previous to her ' h of St. Luke, pans Whiffin, who was a most intelligent woman, was born in the the acccsaioa to the throne ot king George the Second. the Third's) is the of which (George ..longest on record. The old woman was frequently in the habit of collecting She thus lived during the a number of . the Faupers around her, and entertaining them with stories of her early days, and drew amusing pictures of the ccntrast between the manners and which prevailed a customs hundred years ago and those of the `resent day. She described Chelsea in those days as a quiet, secluded 'tillage, the communication between which and the metropolis was rendered a matter of some , k rie in _consequen ce of the swarms of highwaymen and desperate characters who infested the " Five Fields," the site of the present magnificent buildings composing Bslgrsve and Eat on -squares. About five years ago a person took the old woman to Battersea-bridge, for the purpose of showing her one of the steam-boats which plied between London and Richmond. Upon its being explained to her how the vessel was propelled she appeared per fectly amazed, and inquired the number of tea kettles ne cessary to provide the required quantity of steam. Her memory was excellent ; and she gave a graph ic descri p• tion of the state of the metropolis during the No Popery riots in 17S0, and the excesses committed by Lord George Gordon's mob. The old woman had Bur vivedall her relations. It is said that she belonged to a highly respectable family, but nothin g certainis known re lative to her connections. BOROUGH OF REIGA FE.—A Correspondent informs us that Dr. Bedford, of Loudoun House, Brixton, \has gone down thi s mo rn in g to Rei g ate, to prese n t h imself as a candidate in opposition to Lord liasto or . We have I also heard that Mr. W atson, NN a barri s t e r, i s to start in the 1 Liberal interest.. 1 The Comm i ss ioners of Stamps and Taxes have directed the surveyors throughout the country to obtain from the several assessors an account of die number of houses and cottages in their districts nut already assessed ' ! from there being less than eight windows; and also of the number of farmhouses at present exempt. *