The Sun. — London, England, 1841-06-01 00:00:00

MORNING EDITION MAGAZINE DAY. NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE. td ;The present chapters of the story of "Fathers and Sons " is full of delicate: .per -111,-,., plexities and entanglements regarding the billing and cooing of the hero and heroine, which will "'. Freatly edify the lover of sentimentality. There is also a diverting dialogue between the fashion able baronet, Sir George Grindle, and his second 8013, Francis, who, though meant to be n..pattern of propriety, is, to our thinking, exceedingly in sipid, like stale soda-water. " Beethoven ". is a brief biographical sketch of this emincof . must - Eg composer, who died a few years since at .-,. Vienna, utterly neglected by his countrymen, though, immediately after his death, they dis played the most hypocritical g rief for. his loss, gave him a splendid public f uneral, while his ashes were followed to their last home by up -wards of twenty thousand individualSy•scareely one of whom would have given hirnitfarthing to save him from starvation ! The biographer -thus describes him in his latter year 7.--. " Beethoven is lost to society in consequence of his extreme deafness. The neglect of his per4on which he exhibits, gives him a somewhat wild appearance, His features are strong and prominent ; his face is full of rude energy ; his hair, which neither comb nor scissors R. tieeni to have visited for years, overshadows his broad brow in a quant i ty an d confusion to which only the snakes round a Gorgon's head Offer a parallel. His general behaviour does not ill accord with the unpromis ing exterior. Except when he is among his chosen friends, kindness or affability are not his characteristics. The total loss of hearing has dePrived him of all the Pleasure which society can give, and perhaps soured his !_ealper. H e use d to f requent a par ti cu l ar cellar, where !e spent th e even i ng i n a corner , b e y on d the reach of all the chattering and disputation •of a public • 11) m, drinkin; wine and beer, eating cheese, t id - red herrings, and studying the newspapers. ne evenin g person took a seat near him whose coun tenance did not pleaSe him. He looked • hard at the ' a.tranger, and spat on the floor, as if he had seen a toad ; then glanced at the _newspaper, then again at the intruder, and Spat again : his hair bristling gradually into more and staring, • 'lnaggy ferocity, till h e c l ose d th e a lt erna ti o n of spitting by fairly exclaiming, What a scoundrelly face 1' and rushing out of the room. Even among his • oldest friends he must be* him:toured like a wayward ehikL He has alwdys a small paper-book with him, and what conversation takes place is carried on in writing. In this, too, though it is not lined, he instantly jots clown !I'S' musical id ea that strikes Whim. These notes would e utterly unintelligible even to another musician, for th ey have thus no comparative value ; he alone has in his lab • own mind th e thr e ad by which he brings out of this yrmth of dots and circles the richest and most as :t4),unding harmonies. The moment he is seated at the 1a 41 . 1 . 10 ; he is evidently unconscious that there is anything emstence but himself and his instrument ; and, consi dering - how very deaf he in, it seems impossible he should !tear all he plays. Accordingly, when playing very piano, be often doesnot bring out a single note. He hears it him self in the mind's ear.' While his eye, and the almost ,imperceptible motion of his fingers, show that he is fol -JOlrlpg out the strain through all its dying gradations, the instrument is actually as dumb as the musician is deaf." "A Word to the Schoolmaster" is a dry, tame " ess aY• " Foreign Sporting" is by Nimrod. It is not unamusing, but we have too much of it. The best portion of the article is that which 'efers to Arabian horses: - " Ephraim Rue, the Victim of Society," is a story which inculcates a ' u seful moral, through the medium of that apt and teommodating agent, the Devil, The story ex hibits much of that grave caustic satire for which Mr. Jerrold is so remarkable. There is far too lunch- of the laudatory in the Memoir of the drench Royalist lawyer and statesman, Ber- By the writer's account, it would seem Ana this clever man monopolized all the ti sdom all the - patriotism—all the political St 'gad. ty Of modern France. Now, Ber r3l er, from all -that we have heard and read of 11 41, is simply a shrewd, practised lawyer, and • eon sistent politician, nothing more. His powers a re by no means of a first-rate order, and it is party only that has raised him to his Prese .1t celebrity. " Berryer," says his eulo gist,. ." will not undertake every cause : he Will' not defend vice, he will not quibble about ilaws in an indictment, he will not conde `rend to small and paltry tricks to insure a ver dict of acquittal for a real criminal. He begins, Mien he undertakes a case, by examining its Ina rality." It is not often that an English law,ver is thus particular about the morality of th e came he advocates. " Wanted a Neigh bours, is a light, readable sketch of character, • whos e sole defect is, that it is rather too much in out ii .w . - - As a specimen of the poetry of the number, we quote some gracefully versified stanzas suggested by " Hearing the Wind Whistle through Lincoln Cathedral" : When Night her sable curtain draws Around the drowsy earth, Shrouding in that solemn pause, The whole creation's birth ; I love by yon cathedral pile, To hear the low wind sigh, -And echo through the cloister'd aisle .Eoli an harmony ! Ro und every pinnacle and tower, Through every curve and line, Glides on a gentlybreathing power, . That seems inspired—divine ! "Sweet music from a brighter sphere, • On ebon wing to fly— Evlewin g th e enc hanted'ear \rith liquid melody I ` 4l -: SOft d u . icet notes that whisper peace To th e soul's longing rest ; "Where trocbles of the weary cease, And all wi,.o seek are blest. Anon, those thrilling accents change To the low moornful cry, That through the Fast and vaulted range, Chants nature's lullaby List to the aerial song awhile— , • Mark how each varied tone Quivers through the fretted pile, So musical and lone ! And sure 'tis good to wander now Where sounds so sweet are nigh, And deeply quaff the copious flow Of heavenly psalmody ! Not long those plaintive dove-notes course 1. Their way with gentle wail ; • A loftier strain—a wilder force- 7 Soon swells the rushing gale ; And tuneful in its richness there, The winged breeze sweeps by, Yhile silence lingers in despair - h.:muting sovereignty ? As beings of the world of light Hover in b :.lestial bliss, — So in a fl oo d o f I :yre delight Many mortals joy in this ; Mad while those 5y.4111-strung lutes shall peal O'er hill and tower and tree, Sweetly will o'er remembr:oce steal The Night Wind's Monody. FRASER'S MAGAZINE. The " Tracts for the Times," which have lately created such a sensation among the L i * h '.'church party, forms the subject of the first ar ticle in this number. Of course the writer is 'averse_ to the views of the Tractarians as tending `directly to Popery; but we think he underrates their influence, for there can be no question that the famous Tract, No. 90, has caused as much excitenient in the religious' world, as Wilkes's INOrth .Briton, No. 45, caused in the political world, same seventy or eighty years ago. The writer noneludes by expressing his belief that certain individuals of the Tract party will go over to Popery, , but that no great defection will take Place from tie great mass of the clergy. Dis sent in . 1841 ". is an endeavour to prove that - . heterodoxy is fast verging to its decline, and that • ' votthodoxy is as ropidly regaining all the influence ThaS lost diiring the last" century. - This is cer '' , - 3. iiily'lioti the - ca.4e, i4s regards the High Church 36a.`"ty . ; while, as respects the Dissenters, we :,'bell ve that, both morally and numerically, -Alley are more powerful than ever. And • the - '' , ..Olidne t of the P use yite faction will assuredly' • • --k 44..0t jli an :ish' their influence, which, we sup- Pose, is t,'""te reason why the hierarchy regard 1,. .): the proceect:'-ngs of 2. 11€ i Literary Adverh`ore," 19 such. ._distrust Ibis stubborn section with and . apprehension. "My first is a common-placed.. re d,, , deemed from insiliditY by the in I;enious, Spright -Iy-manner ia w hich it is worked tip . . - It .is a small author's recoliction of his first lite.7r3, perpetration in the shi2.pc of a small volume - 01 Poems, which as a matter of course foundno fa your in the es of' th e boOkseller to whom they were presentede for publication. " The Mystery" - is a fantastic l egen d,'p re ttf i nuch in the style . Of the - German ballad. It is as enigmatical as one of ficiffman's tales of diablerie. " The " Scien tific Associates" is a quiz upon the proceedings %:kif some of our modern scientific associations. 'The author, however, is unlucky in his subject, 1 , lor Boz has already exhausted the tlieme,in his ak i,tnirable hoax, entitled the " Mudfog Associa- 'tio. a," which appeared about two years ago in -. Ben .gey's Miscellany. " A N ewspaper ' s Edit or 's, Rem:. 'niscences" are palpabl e goss ip, i n which we find ome reminiscences o f ' t h e ear l y lif e o f . ' Shelley. As thes e conta i n not hi ng re = the' poet , we forbear to quote them. are from the fertile pen of Mr. niarkable, r „.. , ~ . -91'Gorinam 1.4.14 arsh, Afia (/ discourses on hi s d a i nty t h eme l Atiti • • I clect i their di nner h our, -I Yttli exceeding' . unction. His advice to his . ueg ect, is as j u di c i ous as i t - - .treaders never to ilk what ever else they muY -- -is affectionate. gc Th e 1 ,7 4 1-1 1 ," says Dr. J o h nson, - who had a becoming vener:(l" for good eati ng and drinking—" the man who neglects his din .ner,_ will soo n comet° neglect hig_ leYsocial du ' iesp-.4. sound axiom, and worthy tt: be Atelji in astrii4llsmembrance. In the course ." 1 :44 - 41 , iNii tit iiiileni," Mr. Titinarsh pays the folios ink ; just tribute to the famed " Noctes Ailibro- 1 tkV- t , sianm," in Mackie °ad's .Magazine :—" I always rather liked the descriptions of eating iii the NOctes.' They were absurdly, 'erroneous in many cases, but there was, a manliness about them, and strong evidence of a great, though mig-directedand uneducated, geniusfor vtctua From the anecdotical article headed the "Greater and Ltisser Star§ of Pall-Mall," we quote,a remi niscence of George IV; towards the close of his career A few weeks after this conversation with Mr. O'Reilly, to whom his Majesty was very partial he seriously asked him one night, as he was lying down upon his pillow, " XoW look in my face and tell me, O'Reilly,—and I know you will answer me as an honest man,—how long do you think I may yet be made to last ?" " That is a question that I dare not even think upon, your Majesty ; much must depend upon yourself. A steady observance of what is recommended by your Ma jesty's medicatadvisers, I should venture to presume, must be most beneficial." O'Reilly knew the habits of his illustrious patient too well to place any reliance in his re - solves. For a very short apace before his Majesty's decease — only a few weeks, indeed -L-Mr. O'Reilly was in his bed chamber about ten at night, and had the honour to con 'Verse familiarly and cheerfully with his Royal patient, an honour which he frequently enjoyed at night. The Kink, as all the Household l new, excepting latterly, was condescending and most amiable to every . one about him, from the highest to the low est. In his infancy, during his boyhood, in manhood, an d even whilst the infirmities of age and decrepitude seized upon his unwieldy frame, his generous nature prevailvd, and he was always de deservedly beloved. His Majesty, late in his declining state, had held a con test with his physicians, and obtained the victory in part, and was reluctantly perniitted to sup on stewed chickens.- After these had retired from the Castle, Mr. O'Reilly usually made his Majesty a visit ; sometimes for a few minutes, and at others for an hour, more or less. . The King was sitting, propped up in his bed, on this visit, and two small. pullets were brought in;stewed in rice and rich gravy, and:smelling most savouryly; " Now, O'Reilly, my excellent doctor," said his Ma jesty, " which you certainly are, as is known to all the world, never mind those departed doctors, they are a set of prejudiced frumps, do let me have my favourite po tion" (wine, eggs, and spices) "to wash my sup per ' down. I • only ask for a pint ;—a pint, ray dear O'Reilly, for me is so small a quantity, that I feel I can taketit without apprehension.' • O'Reilly shook his head, and observed : . " Oh, your Majesty might as well venture upon ask ing For a quart !" " Thank you 1" quickly returned the King ; then-I will have a qudrt !" and he ordered that quantity ac , coHingly. Having dismissed his supper, he drained the china bowl of the gravy, in which the chickens were .served, and observed— " Nov, O'Reilly, I feel as I aught, crop full, and shall sleep comfortably." Not so, alas ! the consequences of this rash indul gence had nearly proved fatal to the King before morning. BENTLEY'S MISCELLANY. " Guy Fawkes!' drags " its slow length on," with but little to redeem it: this month. Catesby and the rest of the Papist conspirators are repre sented wandering up ana down the country, for no earthly purpose, that we: can divine, except to fill up space. The halt,. ho' never, of the traitors at Leamington Priors, with t he confusion created in the farm-yard by their arriv - al ,is amusingly enough described. "Hours in Indostan," furnishes us with some pleasant sketches of social life in India. Here is an incident worth noticing. Colonel Macaulay is a gentleman who has been in the habit of making large sums by safe betting. One day he is invited to dine with a friend, named Gordon, in Calcutta, and while calling on him the previous morning, observes some handsome mahogany tables in the .dining-room. Conceiv ing them to be a fit subject for betting on, he takes their exact measurement—as he imagines, unperceived by his host--and then adroitly in trodudes a notice of them after dinner. We quote the upshot of thii affair, which is a clever illustration of the old proverb, "the tables are turned :" At seven o'clock the dinner was served up, and a more excellent one never was given in Calcutta ; but as every pleasure must come to an end, so this excellent dinner at last was finished ; the dessert was served up, and the hookahs began to emit their guttural notes. Many were the subjects .broached, and got rid of ; many the boasts which enlivened this fashionable feast. At length by the most skilful manoeuvring, and with infinite tact, Macaulay brought the beauty of the new tables on the tapis : everyone admired them, and felt grateful to them for having so lately supported the rich dinner of their host. " They , are of the finest mahogany I ever saw," said Major Briscoe. " They are perfect. I never saw any so well propor tioned in my life ; I must have some made like them," said a dinner-giving old civilian with half a liver. " They are rather too high," chimed in Charles Macaulay, with affected indifference ; " just a leetle too high—don't you think so, Gordon ?" " On the contrary," replied the host ; "if anything, I consider them a shade too low." " You are mistaken, my dear fellow ; I have an excel lent eye, and lam sure I am right ; no table should ex ceed two feet six, and these are at least one inch higher." " You are in error ; they are not more than two feet and a half." . _ " Don't bet, James, don't bet, for I am sure of the fact ; I tell you I cannot be deceived,—my eye is always correct." " Not bet !—if it were not that the tables are my own, and, consequently, I should bet on a certainty, I'd lay you a lack of rupees they are not more than thirty inches in height." " Oh ! if you are willing, I'll make the bet ; but re member, gentlemen, I tell you beforehand, I am certain of the fact ; I say these tables are at least thirty-one inches from the ground." " Done ! for a lack of rupees !" cried Gordon. " Done !" re-echoed Charley. Their betting-books were brought out, and the wager duly registered. A servant was ordered to bring in a yard measure, when Macaulay turned round with an air of triumph,— " You may save yourselves the trouble of measuring— ha !ha !" and he chuckled with delight. " I warned ou fairly I bet on a certainty, so you can't be o ff, James." " I stand to my bet," said Gordon. Well, then pay me the money. I measured the tables this morning' while you were shaving, and here is a me morandum of their height, thirty-one inches exactly !" and the Colonel burst into a roaring fit of laughter as he produced his pocket-book. " I know you did," said James ; " I saw you do so in my looking-glass." The Colonel started. So as soon as you had gone away, knowing well your intentions, I had an inch sawed off every leg ; so for once, my know ing friend, the tables are turned !" Charles Macaulay left Calcutta next day 10,000/. poorer than the day he arrived ; and, what is still worse, the very youngest ensigns quiz him about the story to this very day. Ingoldsby'slegend of the " Old Woman clothed in Grey," is here brought to a close. The de nouement is excellent, but, in the earlier para graphs of the present part, there are rather too many digressions. The passing hit at the " mi raculous- keys" of St. Peter is - full of archness. " Merrie England, in the Olden Time," is a de lightful melange, abounding in curious matters of antiquarian information, and not devoid of grace ful snatches of poetry and criticism. The occa aerial ballads interspersed throughout this versa tile Mies of articles, are hit off with much sprightliness. " The Porcelain Bath" is a Chi nese story, whose chief defect is, that it is much too long. There are some smart hits in it, espe cially one at an old physician, who, in " a mo ment of infatuation," took a dose of physic pre scribed by himself. Of course he died ! Ghost Gossips at Blakesley House" will interest all who delight—and they area large class of read ers--;-in stories of diablerie. The horrors, how ever, are of rather too material a character.: The fancy should be left to imagine at least half of what is thrust under the reader's nose. The " Link man" is an amusing sketch of a class who, like the flying dustman, are fast becoming extinct. Gas has for ever put out the torches of the linkboys at the theatres, just as cheap shoemaking—a per fect humbug—has destroyed. the useful calling of the cobbler, the last of whom—ultimus Ro- Manorum—still lingers, solitary and disconsolate, in Great Ormond-street. " An Adventure in the Fifteen Acres" is a lively Irish story. We can readily believe that there is much truth in this remark :—" It 6 very hard to deceive a Galway man in a bailiff. Even the dumb brutes of that lawless region are endowed with an instinctive faculty of recognizing a member of 4-lie hated fraternity, I remember it was uni allowed that the most trusty sen t inel i v n e r place - Cas a large Poland gander; his sa gacity to the matter ivas truly miraculous; and whenever this gifted bird uttered his unmusical d took the alarm S f N . I d a It wind , allow-bli nds n P t d h e s VeS9 drawn i gl t. O C r 9 I 14:0:wgrrni, w a e , r 4 e l t ) l a i e r red, nla s t t l e i e r bolted off to his sanctuary, like 4 detected pink locket." UNITED SERVICE JOURNAL. The most entertaining article in the Number before us, is an account, of the " Operations of Pi c t o n's Division in the ampaign of Waterloo," which, as the production of an officer who . was himself actively engaged in that memorable cam paign, is, we have every reason to believe, per fectly authentic. The author refutes the general opinion that the Duke of Wellington was sur -prised on the eve of the great contiict, observing that his Gvace was fully aware of all that was going on on the part oft he enemy. From the interesting narra tive of the Voyages gf thp 4dventure and the Beagle," we quote the details of the Elveadfill earthquake that occasioned such havoc in Ame rica in the year 1835 On the morning of the fatal 'oth of . February, in beautiful weather, with a perfectly serene and cloud ity, muc h surprise was excited.by seeing immense - 40)4 : it rass . frem the offing- towards the inte -- • rn E SUN, LONDON, TVESDAY4 JANE l5 1841. - rim-mountains. - - In - about - a couple of hours afterwards. the. _firstjuidulatory trembling occurred, and was quiel(ll, followed by others, so that terror, was universal both. among men and animals. No one could .stand unsup ported; the noise of the rumbling earth and falling house: was Stunning; the cries of the people licart-rentling; and dense. clouds of dust gave a miserable dismay to .tic scene. The grand nucleus of the violence appears t( have been at Concepcion, which, With ' Talcahuano, wa: frittered to ruins. 'At one moment, it was remarked that the sea had retired so much beyond its natural limits. that every rock and shoal in the bay was visible. It f104,e0. again, and again retired, leaving the ships that had been at anchor in seven fathoms' water quite dry. In.thi instant of terror, an enormous wave was seen rolling majes tically onwards, and forcing its way through the BocaChica, carrying all before it, to a vertical rise, by accurate measure. sure. ment, of twenty-eight feet above high-water mark. Many of the poor animals leaped off the cliffs in a panic and pe rished ; and a small schooner, nearly ready for launch ing, was washed over the ruined walls to' a distance of two hundred yards from her stocks. The reflux of this roller caused great devastation, and carried to sea every thing within its influence. Another and a larger wave succeeded ; and after some minutes of awful suspence, a third. enormous swell was seen rushing in between Quiriguina and the mainland, apparently. larger than either of the two former. This advanced, according to Captain Fitznoy, " roaring as it dashed against every obstacle, with irresistible force, destroying and over whelming, along the shore. Quickly retiring, as if spurned by the foot of the hills, the retreating wave dragged away such quantities of household effects, fences, furni ture, and other moveables, that after the tumultuous ruah 'was over, the sea appeared to be covered with wreck. Earth and water trembled ; and exhaustion appeared to follow these mighty efforts." During thi'; awful convulsion, the shipping was'dashed and whirled %bout like things of straw. Previous to the rush of waters, two English merchantmen, the Pauline And Orion, were lying a full cable's length apart, and after it had- passed, they were side by side, with three round turns in their cables ; thus bearing evidence to the verticose action they had undergone. At Nuevo Bilbao, two schooners anchored in the port snapped their cables, and were found among the bushes, upwards of three hundred feet from the beach. The earthquakes were succeeded by violent squalls of wind, and deluges of , rain. - We were also assured, on the authority of a witness, that on heaving in the chain-cable of a vessel, after this earthquake, it was found that the heat of the ground had been such as to partly fuse the lower" links, THE IRON TRADE. IMPORTAN T TO IRON MASTERS. (Abridged.from the Mining Journal of the 22d and 29th May.) LAN GUIN IRON AND COAL COMPANY. • The operations of this Company (if prosecuted with energy) tending to have . a considerable influence on the imports into France of coal and iron froin this country, and the Company.being represented as having arrived at that point, by the development of their coal-field, which juste : fies them in considering . the propriety .of imme diately erecting furnaces for the, manufacture of iron, we have availed ourselves.of the informa tion rendered by parties interested in the under taking,at tli P e ° q sj u ti a; i t l i . t - Y f and mor e e spe c i a lly Mr. Nixon (the en rt4 ..xt made ei ne a and :t : tli present et or viewer . in making notes of the progress , i'V o lre observe, - by fti English coal: imported into France in the past twelve.months was 394,954 tons, the value of which may be fairly assumed at upwards of 609,0001., and the exports from Belgium to' France, h 1838 , are given at about 400,000,000 kilogrammes. The quantity of iron made in France, we find, ranges from 350,000 tons to 880,000 tons per annum, of which not. more than One-seventh is made with coke—the latest return made, we believe, giving twenty-two coke furnaces in activity, which, with .a weekly Make of fifty tons each, would dive but 50,000 tons annually—and the number of furnaces for the manufacture of iron with charcoal being 443, yielding a produce of about 300,000 tons .annually. With re f erence to the consumption of coal, we find, from official documents, that, in ' the year 1838, th e quant it y o f c oal raised in France was• 3,113,252 tons, and that imported 1,227,030 tons—making an aggregate 0f4,340,282 tons. With these data, and the statement embodied in the paper on the Collieries. and Irons Manufactures ! of Belgium, inserted in anotheolumn, -it will ,he s at once seen the influence the development of mineral resources of our continental neigh bourS must necessarily have on this country— and hence our directing attention to thiS Com-. pany, more partidularly fronts the 'extent of its resources, as represented to us. The property possessed by the Company is situate on the banks of the Erdre, about twenty milesfrom Nante4, ese c oncession or grant being seven miles in length, on ,the range of the coal ' veins, which here take a nearly vertical declina tion, being SO deg. The veins at present worked, but only partially, :.re three in number, varying in thickness of from twelve inches to sixty feet, which is the aggrecrate at the point of junction, the veins having been worked through as one mass of coal in certain parts of the old •work ings. The three measures, known as the north, central, and south veins, may he said to be com prehended within a space of about seventy • yards, but, as already observed, in some places forming a junction. This coal is said •to be the • only -coal known in the district •of the Loire inferieure adapted for the manufacture of iron, and yields 64 per cent. of coke of superior quality. The north vein was formerly inter sected at a depth of 415 feet, by a pit sunk by the old Proprietors, where the vein was found to be 3 ft. to 3 ft. 6 in., of excellent quality; the coal was, however, never worked at this point, from want of mechanical power, - the coming water having so increased as to impede their pro gress, from the circumstance of horses only being used for unwatering the pithy barrels. This pit is now, however, being cleared of water by the introduction of pumps, which has been effected to the depth of 200. feet, which are worked by the application of flat-rods to a powerful .engine, erected on another part of the colliery, where a deep pit, fOr the " winning" of the three veins, is being sunk. Another pit, called ' the " Road Pit," was also pia down, which took the three veins, forming a "bundle," and workings were prosecuted on the range to the extent of 250 yards, but not to any depth of consequence; the coal at this point, as, indeed, may be said to be the case in other parts Of the old workings having rather been partially proved than worked, and therefore still standing as whole ground, with such exceptions as may be found in the present statement. At Pit Emma, which is about twenty yards northwest of' the latter, a depth was attained of 400 feet, where the north vein was intersected—the thick ness of which was never astertained beyond the size of time pit, 10ft., 3 in. by sft. 10in., which was entirely in the coal. In this cane, as in the former referred to, on cutting; the coal a feeder of water was -met with, which drowned out the workings; and the impracticability, with the power employed, of beating out the water, led to the discontinuance of further operations , at this point. These two latter pits communicate with each other by levels or galleries, driVen at tlie respective depths of 270 and 330 feet. About SOO yards to the north-west of Pit Emma another • shaft is sunk to the depth of 320 feet, where the coal was cut -by driving.a'short crOSs=cut, being found there to be about six feet thick. Want of power, or engineering ability, in like manner, in this .case prevented. the pit being sunk to a fur ther depth, but which is now preposed to be done. Indeed, with reference to the three last mentioned pits, active operations are being car ried on for draining the old-wOrkiness, and fur ther sinking the pits, . by communicating the one with the other at the lower depths. At about 130 yards farther north-westanother pit has been sunk 300 feet. This - pit intersected the three se veral measures, or veins, at a depth of 150 feet, where the thickness of the seams was forty-five feet, and has been worked -to about eighty feet deeper than the point of intersection, but not to any great extent in length. Again, further north-west 300 yards, a pit has been sunk by the present proprietors to the depth of 200 feet, at which depth another feeder was cut, which rendered it 'necessary to discontinue the working for a time, until extra power was obtained, by attaching flat-rods to the engine ; the thickness of the vein was proved by a cross cut from the shaft, at 170 feet depth, to be twelve , feet in thickness, and whiCh remains unworked , , until the pit-work is completed and the water drained. We have thus been .minute in detailing the principal workings, to show the extent to which the colliery may be worked, provided it was unwatered, and that energetic measures be taken for extending the operations, - by sinking the present pits to a greater depth, and opening . ,communications by galleries, with the object of • affording facility in. drawing the water, as also aiding the ventilation. It will be seen :that the several veins vary in thickness, as do they in their proximity to each other—at one time giving an aggregate thickness of four or five feet, in others twenty to thirty, and in some instances of fifty to sixty feet. The operations of the present company have hitherto been principally directed to the sinking of a Main engine pit, and to the reopening of the old pits, and applying machinery for unwatering them. The principal pit, on Which . the large en gine is erected, it is contemplated will afford all the facilities necessary for unwatering thegreater part of the concession, and is at present. sunk to the depth of 160 feet, its size (ten feet) being di vided—the one part being employed for pump ing, and the other part as a winding pit. At the depth of 100 feet from surface a cross-cut was driven to intersect the south vein, which proved to be of about three feet six inches, of very supe rior quality, and thus affording another point from which to raise coal, which cross-cut will be c•uti- nued to take the , central and north veins—the coal being unworked at this part of the colliery for several hundred yards in extent. - The engine is described as being , equal to 350 to 400-horse power, being the largest in France, and calcu !atecl to draw 30 0 fathoms, beingupwards of four times the depth of the lowest present work s --. are also two othe r en gi nes , o f i t n h c e h p e u s . mp from six to twelve English Manufacture ,. one 20-horse power an d the other 411-horse power. Therese employed varying - We are given to understand that about 70,0001, has been ,expended on the undertaking --..the ca. vital of the company being 100,000/.—thus lea v mg 30,00014 to be ca lled fo r , which it is intended to apply` p r incipally to the erecti on o f t h e i ron works. The assay made of the iro ns t one w hi c h lies at surface, an d is sai d to extend over a tract of four miles, gives 45 to 60 per cent., and an analysis of the coal 84 per cent. of pure carbon. The property 15 held in perpetuity, and not sub ject to any rent or royalty. the prospects held out' from the reports made on the district, as appear 'to us to be deserving. Of attention. The first which comes - under notice is that of M. Henri.Fournel, Ingenieur des Mines, which appears to have been drawn up with great care and precision, and affords a striking contrast, we regret to say, to the reports too generally pre sented by. English engineers or mine agents—that of M. Fournel being clear and comprehensive in its details, the several points for consideration being treated upon separately, and the results. readily arrived at, while each subject meets with, attention. We wish we could say - as much of " reports" at home. Take, for instance, Mr. Holdsworth's Report on the far-famed Talacre coal and iron district, which appeared in our columns—a Report so general, and, indeed, so confused, that it matters little whether it be read backwards or forwards. We must, of course, admit that there are exceptions, and our Journal of the present week affOrds a pleas ing instance in the Report of Mr; Matthias Dunn, on the property of the Durham County Coal Company—that gentleman having fear lessly grappled with figures, and given his ho nest and unbiased opinion. Yet, it must be admitted, that our continental neighbours take the lead of us in the association of theoretical science with practical acquirements, and that in obtaining a Report on a mineral district the parties employed combine within themselves a perfect knowledge of geology, mineralogy, che mistry, underground operations, practical mining, and the useful arts generally ; whereas, with our practical viewers or mine agents, it is seldom that we find them to be possessed of other information than that acquired un derground, and in one locality. The Re port of M. Fournel, to which we have already adverted, in founding his estimates on the pro bable cost of manufacture of pig-iron at Languin, gives a brief outline ofthe operations ofa Company en cominandite, formed in 1828, with a capital of 60,0001. for' working the iron ore which abounds in this district, at La Jahotiere, in the commune of Abbaretz, where iron of superior quality was made; and upon the basis furnished by the ope rations at those works, M. Fournel assumes the cost of iron manufactured at Languin. From the observations of M. Fournel, it, however, appears that the Company, like many others, was grossly mismanaged, and hence its dissolution, and the abandonment of the works—the data afforded is, however, useful, in arriving at the cost of produc tion. The ore used, which was taken exclusively from the forest of Larche, appears to have cost ls. 7d. per ton for extraction, carriage, and ren dering fit for furnace use—that roasted being at tended with an additional cost of 21d. per ton; and, as two-thirds of the crude ore was used to one part of the roasted ore, the medium cost was 'that of one shilling and eightpence-halfpenny per ton, which affords a strong contrast to the price at which that article is rendered in this country, the ore of this district, it should 'be ob served, yielding in the furnace 43-75 per cent. It may be well to follow this experiment, for, al though costly, it can only be considered as such, the furnace having been in blast only six weeks. The flux used cost about 2s. 4d. per ton, the greater proportion of which was cost of carriage, and the coke was made on the spot from coal o tained at Monzeil, the cost of which (including ss. 7d. per ton carriage) was 13s. 7d. per ton; the cost of a ton of coke at La Jahotiere was thus found to he U. 17s. per ton, while at Languin it is computed that it would not exceed 19s. 6d. It appears, on reference to the books in which the quantities of materials used were registered, that at the expiration of three weeks from the furnace being put in blast, the charges in eight hours consisted of sixteen of coke, of 440 lbs., being equal to 3+ tons ; sixteen of ore, of 880 lbs., or 61 tons ; and of flux, the like number, of 220 lbs., or 11 ton, the produce of pig-iron run being•_2.l tons, or ont 81 tons in twenty-four hours. The proportions of the quantities of the several mate rials, and their cost in the manufacture of one ton of iron, would, therefore, stand thus— s. d. 1 ton 2 cwt. 2 Sr. coke, at IL 17s. pr ton 2 1 74- 2 5 0 ore Is. 8(1. per ton 0 810 0 10 0 flux 2s. Bd. per ton 0 1 4 Cost of materials on make of one ton of iron 9 6 9i To this should be added, labour, and sundry ex penses, 14s. to 0 16 0 Gross amount, exclusive of interest on capital 3 2 91 Such being the facts deduced from the work ing of the furnace at La Jahotiere, we will pro ceed to notice more particularly the property possessed by the Languin Company, which em braces not only the iron ore thus easily attain able, but coal, which may be raised at a :consi derable less cost than that cited in the above cal culation, as hereafter shown. The iron deposits of this district, which is pronounced as of great richness-as will be seen in the proportions of materials above named-produces 43.75 per cent. and is found in great abundance at several points -the nearest is situate about six miles north west of Languin, the ore being described as an oxide hydrate. Several beds, in some instances lying horizontal, . resting on schist strata, in others, diffused in a clay, from which it is readily liberated, have been proved,, and the cost of the ore upon the spot, including payment to the pos sessors of the soil, does not exceed ls. Sd. per ton. ' The ore of the forest of Larche, the most distant (nine miles), it is calculated, would cost 4s. 9d. per ton delivered at Languin. • Assuming, then, that the collieries of the Company are sufficiently opened to justif'y the erection of furnaces, and to construct iron works on a commensurate scale, the first proposition is the cost of the materials. It is already stated that the ore is abundant, and can be delivered, say at ss. per ton, that coke can be rendered at less than 20s. per ton, and flux •at 4s. If a calculation, founded on the preceding figures, showing the, results at La Jahotiere, be made, it will be seen that the cost of a ton of pig-iron at Languin will not exceed 21. 10s. ; to this again, must be added the cost of trans -port to Nantes, which, taken at 21s. 6d. per ton, would make the price, delivered in that market, 3/. lls. 6d. per ton-but, from other authorities we learn, that from arrange ments made by the Company, the cost of trans port will not exceed 10s. per ton, thus making the cost at Nantes about 3/. per ton, being even less than the duty imposed (3/. 7s. Bd.) on English iron. We may here observe, that the price of iron in Nantes may be fairly assumed at 8/. 15s. to 91. ss. per ton, if the following figures-be accurate-say, - price of pig-iron put on board, 4/. 55., freight and charges 18s.; duty 31. 7s. Bd. commission, landing, and other charges ss. Gd., profit to merchant and interme diate expenses, 5 per cent., or Bs. per ton; this would bring the English pig at Nantes to 9/. 4s. 2(1., while the estimate of Languin iron but little exceeds 31. per ton. M. Fournel advances, as a reason for recom mending the erection of furnaces, and the appli cation of the coal to the manufacture of iron, in preference to sale of that article, that the coal produced is entirely small coal-that a part (the dull coal) has an appearance that would always tend to depreciate its price in the trade=-and that these two circumstances united may prove to be a main obstacle to the sale of the ,coal, when obtained in large quantities-while, on the other hand, the nature of the coal peculiarly adapts it for the manufacture of iron, andifrom ; which increased profits would be realised. It would certainly appear, from this evidence of M. Fournel, that the main feature, and `most important object of the Company, must ble the manufacture of iron-therefore it is, that iime diate measures are in contemplation of erecting the necessary works, with the view to the ! pro duction of a competing article, as coke- i Made 'iron with that of, English Make. L Having thus considered the position of theLan- gain Company, with reference to the quantity .and qUality of coal ,at . command, as als4 the abundance and. properties of the iron ore,iwith I , the cost of the respective materials employed in the manufacture of iron, it becomes necessary further to institute an inquiry into the prospec tive advantages held out to the capitalist in ac complishing this object. It is hardly necessary to say, that this is taking a view of the subject dis tinct from that proposed in our preceding re marks, but it is an important one as affects the raising of capital in this country for the benefit of other nations. Mining operations, the work- We.week dir ec ted 'no- of collieries or iron-works abroad, is, dOubt last attention to the opera i!.oglish company (that we are aware of) tions of this gour observations, fish capital as the investment in Spanish BOnds however, pr i nc ipally to the collieries; as this is company, C9llfinio ' . of the information less, as legitimate a mode of employment of Bri or French Rentcs, and, therefore, we will for a moment consider how far the erection of iron.. the purp,ose_ no carrying . on_the manu facture of is or w9rki g colliesies in France, we i t .o h l e m o e n d l y iro r works by.the proprietors of, the Languin. Coni-' pany is calculated to advance their prospects, and to remunerate them for the capital employed. which has wine before us,, and, by the estimates, . a vail ourselvoA are glad to In the first place, it has been 1 s iown that the to see how f,, r the extension of works of this t cost of pig-iron delivered at Nantes. may .be character in . T: l. a . nee 1 's calculated to affect our taken at little more than a per ton, while he home intereits• T h ere . can be'no • doubt but that • , rkmo• of this the sUccei'sittl Ili ) , or other COM."' .duty E, (dish pig- is 3/. 7s. Bd,and on . 1 2 , . S that on castings or machinery considerably It • manufacture of iron 'from ' more. is. paiiies in the . coke, therefore, manifest that if the quality be equad. protected as french .production is by tho , or approximating to . that of Eng,lish iron, it import duty on d English iron, ca • with the stings,. and MR' w ill come into the market at a price so as to chinery,combirie f 1 cheapnessoftheniate- supersede, in a great measure, our products ; the vials and low rate o . la Ktr.; mus:,at sonic future price of English pigs being assumed, at the lite period have.:V t . cousiti t e . rabis. influence on . our ex- sent moment, at 8/. 15s. to 9/. 55., as already por LS . , a ir, e main, qi..i t es lop, lOwever, appears to be stated. The capital proposed to be expended, iii tared, the quail 3' . .l t t the iron so •manufaq- addition to 75,000/. - already outlaid in the pin , - tared, and the (lant! y, • are likely to,supemede chase of, property,. and working the collierie6, is the introductiOn AO . lAs.! of .:English iinanufac- I i estimated at from 20,000/. to 22,000/, We ledve lure in T'rinee. 4 4. v . i nkl 1 AlPiig.4 tht4nu - e h, we j to those interested to make their calculations as shall proceed .to make sac cp)ie'riationot. on the ► to the profits t 9 IN a aline -1..p4. assuming the data • "concession " obtained b Y . All'e , Cottitiany, .Ana • METROPOLITAN MAGAZINE. Mrs. Trollope's " Blue Belles of England" is continued in the present number. The tale con tains some amusing drawing-room dialogues, and a portrait of a sentimental young man of re markably refined taste and manners, of whom the authoress says—after the most approved fashion of the Minerva Library school of fiction —" no one who ever heard him recite passages from Petrarch, in the soft sweet whisper which more resembled the fragrance-laden breathings of Zephyrus, than mere human speech, could doubt that Henry Mortimer was a man of taste !" This sweet-voiced youth must have been irresistible in a lady's boudoir. "The Idiot Sailor-boy" is a clever naval story, from the practised pen of the author of " Rattlin, the Reefer." In "Spencer Middleton" we have one or two graphic sketches of a young freshman's life at Oxford—a tempting theme, but which Lockhart has well nigh exhausted in his admirable story of " Reginald Dalton." The " Memoirs of an Italian Exile" give some spirited details re specting a skirmish with the Austrians, in the late disastrous attempt at independence made by the Carbonari against their oppressors. Among the poetical contributions, there is an epitaph, written by Thomas Campbell, on the death of Mrs. and the Misses Shute, who, it seems, were drowned when on a party of plea sure. We subjoin this epitaph, which, however, is not in the author's best manner : "In deep submission to the Will above, Yet with no common cause for human tears ; This stone, for the lost partner of his love, And for his children lost—a mourner'rears. One fatal moment, one o'erwhelming doom Tore three-told from his heart the ties of earth, His Mary, Margaret, in Their early bloom, And her who gave them life:and taught them worth. Farewell, ye broken pillars of my fate, My life's companion, and my two first-born ! Yet with this silent stone I consecrate To conjugal paternal love forlorn. Oh ! may each passer-by the lesson learn, Which can alone the bleeding heart sustain When Friendship weeps at Virtue's funeral urn— That, to the pure in heart, to die is gain;" MONTHLY MAGAZINE. This periodical is by no means destitute of ability, but it appeals too exclusively to the few, as in its " Foreign Aids to Self Intelligence," and " Passages fronithe Economia Regn?Animatis," both which essays are of such a character as must render them caviare to the generality 'of readers. The editor would be far more rationally,' and we should conceive,. profitably employel, in writing thoughtful, vigiarous poetry, than this sort of ricketty, lumbering prose, which answers. no other purpose than to perplex and mystify. A " Glimpse at the Reign of Terror" is a tale of which one of the chief personages is the noto rious Fouquier Tinville, the public prosecutor in the sanguinary days of Robespierre. It is inr possible to exaggerate the atrocities of such a miscreant, and accordingly the character is not overdrawn. "On Comedy" is an essay, which contains some useful, practical suggestions on theatrical matters. SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. Yesterday these delightful gardens were opened, with all the attractions offered to the public, for the present season, and we were very glad to see that the publiC spirit of their most efficient manager was duly appre ciated by his patrons—the people. In former years Mr. Cross appeared, to those not in the secret, to go be yond the expenses which a shilling exhibition would warrant ; but on the present occasion he has exceeded all his former attempts to please. First of all, the gardens are in a beautiful state c f order, and well ornamented— the cages are all full, • and the animal stock has been much increased. But the grand attraction of the day was the " Colossal and Pictorial Model of Ancient and Modern Rome." This seems to be a very faithful re presentation of the Queen of Cities—it is by Danson, as the representations of Mount Vesuvius and Iceland were, and this effort proves that he has now acquired almost perfection in this style of pictorial modelling. Of course we have St. Peter's as the most prominent object —then the Papal Palace with other beautiful objects in the back.;ground, while, in front, the ornamental pond represents the Tiber, abutting upon which is the Castle of St. Angelo, thickly studded with bristling cannon, and it is crossed by a bridge also bearing the name of the saint. Altogether the picture, or model, is a beauti ful piece of art, and well repays a visit. But that is in the day-time—when nine o'clock arrives then it assumes new beauties. This place of amusement has long been celebrated for its pyrotechnic exhibitions ; this year they are made to give a representation of Rome in the Car nival, when the cathedral is lighted up with the utmost splendour. All we can say is that the fireworks were quite worthy of the Surrey Zoolog:ical Gardens. More praise we cannot give them. The . indefatigable proprie tor offers another source of -gratification to his nume rous visitors : yesterday he again commenced the Pro menades Musicale with the brass band of last year, and he states that he has made several important additions to it. They played many of the celebrated pieces of Strauss, Musard, Bishop, Bochsa, Rossini, &c., and were loudly applauded. The gardens were well filled by happy people all day, but after the concert began, they were crowded. Even up to within a few minutes of nine o'clock, (when the fireworks are let off) much carriage company arrived, and all being attracted to one spot, the crowding was rather inconvenient at the present tempe rature. The thousands present appeared happy, and we trust the worthy and spirited proprietor will have many such " at homes" during his brief season. SIGN FOR FREE TRADE AND A BIG LOAF. To the Unemployed Labourers and Artisans of Preston. To you the present struggle betwixt Monopoly and Free Trade is of the first importance. Nothing can ensure you employment but freedom of commerce, nor can you possibly provide for your families without more work and cheaper food. The Corn and Provision Laws must be modified or repealed, or we shall' soon become a nation of paupers. The following Petition, for those only who are wholly or partially UNEMPLOYED, lies for signatures at Mr. Livesey's shop, and all such are invited to sign. WE WANT WORK ! WORK ! ! WORK ! ! ! The Petition of the undersigned Labourers and Artisans of Pre4tott, and the Neighboniwod, Humbly Showeth— That your Petitioners are suffering very much for want of employment ; that there are great numbers al most in every branch of trade who cannot procure work, that their privations have been accumulating for the last three years, and that unless there be a revival of Trade, they are likely all to become paupers. Your Petitioners have no hope left 'but in the legisla tive remc7al of all restrictions upon trade, and in a re duction in the price of food ; and they therefore humbly beseech your Honourable House to pass such measures as stitili tt to it free anti tlaurisltiAg trade, end to rep ea l the oppressive duties upon corn, beef, butter, cheese, gnu, and all the necessaries of life. And your Petitioners will ever pray. SPECIMEN OF SIGNING. F.----'reciffte4 9 B. e l oi ~ Spade Man, 10 n l y two d ays for the 7.""---I.lt ',,,Ch last, three inontlis. Henry Heartbroken ....,..Alee',ianie .., Ncit a stroke fo r 19 weeks. Weaver 'O n ly 3 d ays t hi s week, 1 earned 9s. 2d. Spinner .....Four days a week. .Christopher Cheap Sum Ni,holas No Bread Tax ... * men are crowding to sign this petition in num * bers beyond all anticipation. The sheets containing the nathes • arc displayed at the front of Mr. Livesey's Ought cot every town to adopt the same? —De Alan,: [Let otbers dolikowts.l • The Dritanpig. steamer, which wou ld sa il . f rom Boston on the qO. I .s expected to arrj.Bl every tide, had not been telegraphed of nolyhead WI sunsitt last evenin o ff.—LibereQ ol4l4l.o n of May here set out to be correct, while it will be our province to collect ` information of the progress of the Company, as also of the operations of oth?r establishments of a like nature. THE CORN-LAWS AND ELEC • TION MOVEMENTS. , • - (From the Leeds Times.) - • " Down with the Corn-laws," is the cry that is now resounding- throughout the land. Down with the Corn laws—the deep heart of humanity, in which so long they have rankled, like a barbed and poiSoned arrow, pleads for their fall. Down with the Corn-laWs, and whoever supports them may the low, murmuring tale of misery which has so long ascended before God—the curse of the poor—the heaviest of all curses, though often long de layed—reach his heart—mingle, like the voice of an un welcome s pi r it, or t h e still more unwelcome reproaches of a guilty conscience, With all his joy, making it no joy to him. - Down with the Corn-laws, and may he who would uphold this monstrous iniquity be assailed with the sighs, an groans, and tears, of the fond mother as she beholds her child pining for. that bread which the land lord, rather than permit it to taste, casts into the sea— may he be haunted by this human misery, the extent of which God only knows, till his heart relents, or, unre lenting— • _ _ _ Till he wish and pray that life may part, And not find leave to die." We yield to none in our hatred of the landlords' mono poly—to none in the sincerity with which we cry—Down with the Corn-laws. (From the Bristol Mercury.) Never before, indeed, were. the Liberals so hearty and united in the cause of any one of their candidates—a candidate whose abilities And sterling qualities have been admitted even by his political opponents. Mr. Berkeley has been tried and not found wanting. Ile has prove' himself a staunch Liberal, and, when again returned to Parliament, will (with the single exception of a question of time on the West India experiment) take his seat as the firm and determined opponent of monopoly. He will be one of the minority against the bread-tax in the present Parliament, and one of the majority against it in the House of Commons about to be elected by the people. There is only one circumstrnce which can, in the slightest degree, militate against the return of Mr. Berkeley, and that is, blind and overweening confidence on the part of the Liberal party. (From the Leeds Times.) • K i EIGHLEY.—THE ELECTIONS. - The 'erect' neering machinery is in full operation in Keighley. n active canvass has commenced on both sides. The Wliigs have this advantage - over their oppcnents,—they know for whom they are canvassing, wheivas- the Tories' do not ; they are asking for votes for the' " Blues."• W. J3usfeild Fernald, Esq., is their master spirit, and he in concen trating ,his gigantic .talents, and the knowledgi , he ac quired among .!`.. Britain's gentry," into one focus, namely, some placardism, and .he blazes away', at the Whigs ; in a style-which no man can equal: The Char tists are as yet very calm, but they are waiting 'until the " star" twinkles on Saturday, not knowing u ntil.then what they are to do in the great siruggle. Mr. 'errand was astonishing the little b o y s on Wenesday night last, by scrambling handsful of silver among them : lie is very popular with that party, but unfortunately they have no votes. He addresses the Haworth electors on Saturday. CHOICE OF CANDIDATES.—On Tuesday evening last, a numerous meeting of the Liberal electors of Leeds was held in the Music Hall, for the purpose of choosing two candidates to represent this important constituency in Parliament, in the place of Edward Baines, Esq., and Sir William Molesworth, both of whom have announced their intention of retiring from the representati(in of the borough at the forthcoming election. The sal non and the gallery of the Music Hall were filled, so that we should think there could not be less than 1,500 1 persons present on the oc cas i on . Th e meet i ng was -lerfectly cordial and unanimous in the choice of ..Toseph Hume, Esq., as one of the candidates, but a catrougleeling was exhibited by great numbers in the meeting against the proposed Whig candidate, Wm. Aldam, jun., E. 4 The grounds for the dissatisfaction appeared to be principally his opposition to the Ballot, his undecisively etpressed opinions on the Abolition of ChUrch-rates and other Church questions, and perhaps, above all, his advocacy of a fixed duty on corn, and not , an immediate and total repeal of the Corn-laws. The proposition of Geo. Good man, Esq., as a candidate, was enthusiastically received by the meeting, and the cheering which followed !the an nouncement of his name was almost deafening.! How ever, he declined to become a candidate. All the lead n2; and influential Liberals of the town were present in ithg orchestra. (From the Somerset County Gazette.) : The rumour that a peerage is about to be. conferred upon Mr. Sanford is, we believe, without foundatibn, and we presume that this • most excellent representative will offer himself for re-election. Of Mr. Acland's course it would be difficult to venture a prediction. He has lately changed, his • way of life ; his. habits and turn of mind in cline him more to the study than to public business ; and marriage, with its incidental expenses, may, very pro bably, determine him to withdraw from a post for which, great as are his scholarly acquirements, he is by nature and education peculiarly unfitted. We, therefore, deem it very probable that Mr. Acland would decline a con test, in which case Mr. Sanford and Mr. Dickinson would be returned, without opposition, and such an ar rangement would be approved by. both parties. In East Somerset, we understand, there will be no contest. Col. Gore LangtOn will again offer himself, and again be returned on the Liberal side, and Mr. Miles, as a moderate : Conservative, and a capital man of business, cannot and ought not to be disturbed. • _ _ In Bath, Mr. Roebuck 7mts already made his ippear -amse on. the Liberal side, and is purSuing a zettl9us and effective canvass. Both the present Members are To ries. Mr. Roebuck is, ist many of his opinions, too Radi cal for us ; but where ,the Radicals are numerotis;- as in Bath, we really think that the Whigs' ought to support him, on condition of his friends supporting a Whig candidate. The division between the Whigs and Radi cals was the cause of the defeat of the Liberals here on the last occasion. Let them be warned by the result then, and avoid such an error now. Mr. Roebuck is a man of surpassing talent. • - • • In Taunton, the strife of parties has begun.. Two Tory candidates, staunch advocates of Monopoly and - supporters, of the bread-tax, sugar-ta;;, and provision takes, have taken the field against the present Members. Mr. Wilberforce and Mr. Hall are the monopolist cham pions, and they do not mince matters. The takers of bread, and sugar, and. fbod, will assuredly find them selves at the bottom of the poll. In Bridgewater, there has been no movement up to this present writing (Thursday). But we hear that Mr. Courtenay retires, and that a Liberal, probably Mr. Charles Tynte, will supply his place. Should that liberal and truly independent . gentleman be prevailed upon to offer himself, his election is secure, and that, we believe, without any opposition. In Wells, Mr. llayter, the Liberal and able Member, whose popularity is unbounded in the City, will be se cure of re-election. The other seat, now occupied by Mr. Blakemore, a monopolist, will, we presume, be contested, and we doubt not successfully, by Mr. Lee Lee, as the advocate of the humane and liberal prin ciples to advance which the Parliament is dissolved. In Frome, the seat of Mr. Sheppard, the once Liberal, now Tory and monopolist Member, will be stoutly con tested.. (From the Tyne Pilot.) The step taken by the Government is one of greater consequence than any political movement of the present century. It is a new principle introduced into our Le gislature, whose power must soon become paramount there, and before whose lustre and purity every dark monopoly must sooner or later disappear. Even amid all the public distress. which exists, we cannot help feeling proud of our country at this juncture, and re 7., joking that her strength of character is such as to pass with philosophic calmness and composure through moral revolutions like that in which she is now engaged—a moral revolution through which, perhaps, no free state in the world could pass witi r tout bloodshed and anarchy. The cry of the nation—" forwards,"—long unheeded in high places, is at length responded to thence; and now; we firmly believe that nothing can' long retard the tri umph of just and free principles in every department of our national system. (From the Bolton Free Press.) . The ReforM electors of Bolton have done themselves honour by the unanimity of their resolution to call on Mr. Cobden to become a candidate for the representa tion of the borough. They invite him in tha full con fidence that they will be able to place him at the head of the poll, and no body. of electors should, in a crisis like this, dare to peril the return of such a nan upon a per adventure. For a manufacturing constituency to fail in an attempt to return a leader of the Anti-Corn-law movement to Parliament would prove a mortifying blow to the free trade cause, which is the cause of national prosperity, and even the most remote chance of such an issue should be avoided. (From the Wds' . . The Tories ar e rabid they are all but dangerous to' approach. They have, however, changed the obnoxious term of " Tory," for the I‘ s: r e ti l i l 'e l: , more detestable soubri quet : of " Moneipolist." appellation conveys a more correct idea of the true spirit..of their party : their principle has ever been to b ene fit th e few at the expense 3 of the Man to stare, star, to beggar the middle and lower classes 7 for. their own aggrandisment. Our whole • system of taxation proves this fact. These •Monopolists have held the reins of Coeivril rnm oftheir. ent long enough toenaenact-laws for he roi l e own interests, however unequally P end • nay bc-ais•upon the.other classes of the community, and y_ attempt to bring about a more healthy and rational no4e Of legislation, naturally alarms their hateful pre judices,. and awakens their tyrannous spirit of domina tion. , They now grasp, as: in the agonies of death, their daring monopolieS of corn, sugar and timber, knowing that if the admirable propositions of the Go vernment should become the law of the land, they _must lead to a thorough revision of our entire tariff. The people have" no real synapatliv with the Tories : thoSe of the middle and lower classes who swell the ranks of those grinding monopolists are enlisted either under' the banner of intimidation or corruption. • (From the Falmouth Packet.) , - Let us direct attention to one most awful and startling effect, arising from the operation of the Corn-laws — namely, the disaStrous influence of those laws upon the health of thousands—nay, millions of our fellow-crea tures. It is known that scarcity of food is the fruitful cause of disease and death. Any regulation; therefore, tending to limit the :supply of food, is a deadly attack upon human life. The burdens of the poor have become to heavy to be borne, and that individual cannot have the heart of a man who can quietly look on and not -at .' tempt to alleviate their sufferings and sorrows. Among 'the facts published by the Metropolitan Anti-Corn-law Association, we find tales of men receiving less than ilve shillings per week, and of fathers robbing the hog's .trough to satisfy their own and their children's cravings. i• we can oursel ves na m e a town in t he w est of Eng : i• land whereehildien may be constantly seen raking sci: tl " MORNING PIITION. venger's heaps fir potatOskins, to appease their hunger. Is this a question that can be any hmger trifled with ? (From the Monmouth aterliv.) Immediately on its appearing froi4. the, declaration of Mitzisters that they had determined '. - by:dissOlving Pars _ to appeal to the country, iwit Aovitp nssirqd \ : on presenting himself. to his constituents to render'ari account of his stewardship, and to solicit again the ho nour,af their suffrages in his favour- at the approaching elekiort., Having supported Ministers in their recent endeavours to support monopoly, and aided them in their efforts to effect reforms, the Hon. Member availed himself of the earliest moment after the late important divisiOns, to return to Newport, where he arrived on Sunday last. On the following morning, th e H on . Gen tleman, accompanied by some o f his most influential sup porters—the steady and consistent friends of Reform in Newport —commenced an active canvass. All canvasses are said by those who make them, to be successful, and the vox populi is assumed to be on their side ; but we can, with entire confidence and perfect sincerity state, that we never witnessed a more triumphant proof of the popular satisfacton resulting from the honest discharge of Parliamentary duties by a representative, on again appealing to his constituents, than was evinced by the electors of Newport upon this occasion. (From the Garnarvon Herald.) LORD GEORGE PAGET. —ln. an Address to the Electors of Carnarvonshire Boroughs, this n6ble scion of the illustrious House of Plasnewydd, determined to retrieve • the errors and failures of the Liberal party in former contests, has come forward " at the earliest op portunity," and declares his " intentions" with that promptitude and frankness which are alike due to the 1 , electors and himself. (From the Kelso Chronicle.) Considerable anxiety prevails here that a demonstra tion. in favour of a repeal of the Corn-laws should take place ;. and as far as the. working-classes are concerned, we know that numbers of them are most anxious that such should be the case. We hope immediate steps will be taken accordingly, confident that no intelligent mem ber of the community will offer any opposition. Should any individuals foolishly do so, we are certain that the numbers favourable 'to a repeal of the bread-tax would be so overpowering as to overrule all the tyranny of faction which could be displayed. (From the Southern Reporter.) We arc most happy to be enabled to announce that Kinsale will be certainly relieved from the odium and injustice of being- misrepresented by Colonel Thomas We are informed.that this patriotic constituency has been canvassed within the l a st f ew days nn behalf of a gentle man of high respectability, and`of principles ensuring not only his general support to the -present Administra tion, but hi! , cl.so attention to the , interests of Ireland. However Kinsale mai - have been. maligned, we do not believe that all the (void of. the . .Carlton Club would, at the present crisis, influence the votes of six of the consti tuency. . • (From the Kerry Examiner.) We have reason to think that some persons have been endeavouring to put a report in circulation that Mr. Maurice O'Connell is about to resign the representation of the borough of Tralee and by this stratagem secure a few votes to a Tory candidate, if such were to be found to have the hardihood to offer himself. Fortunately we have it in our power to defeat the ruse, as we are autho rised to contradict the report, and to announce that Mr. M. O'Connell has not the slightest notion of severing at the next election, by the resignation of his scat, the bond that has so happily connected him with the honest and independent constituency of Tralee. TRURO, SATURDAY.—After a number of attempts on the part of the Tories : to- get Sir Richard Rawlinson Vyvyan to come forward to contest the representation of the eastern division of the county, the. Tories gave up their hopes of inducing that gentleman to come out, he having been a very great sufferer, both in this county and at Bristol on former occasions ; . and they have now induced William Rashleigh, Esq., a young man, the son of WilliaM Rashleigh, of Menabilly, and nephew of Sir Colman Rashleigh, to come forward against Sir Hussey Vivian. There is sure, therefore, to be a contest in the East. • `ln the West the Tories are slyly moving for Lord Boscawen, the son of Lord Falmouth, w h o i s no t mu c h liked by any'liarty. If the unpopularity of the father can do - any" harm to _a cause, Lord Bosmwen will be a considerable suffer e r by it. The Reformers are very sanguine of the success of Sir Charles Lemon and Mr. Pendarves, if they should unite, but if they should hang aloof, it is possibl e th a t B os cawen may s lip in. Lady Basset has shown the necessity of the Ballot by ordering all her tenantry to vote for the Tory candidate, whether they like it or not, and there is no doubt that the Tory landlords will do their utmost to coerce all Who are in the slightest degree dependent upon them. It is now currently reported that the Conservatives are trying to get Sir R. R. Vyvyan to stand with Boscawen, but as there is no good feeling existing between him and Lord Falmouth, it is very doubtful whether his proposition will be attended with success. CONDUCT O.F. THE POLICE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—A report having , ' appeared in a Sunday journal of extensive circulation, tending to cast a serious impu tation on Mr. Rayner, the. celebrated comedian, and being perfectly ,cognizant of the. real facts of the ease, not only as they transpired •at the .police-court,.Union hall, this day, but ,from other authentic sources, 1 trust you will Allow me a small space in your columns, fin- the purpose of removing the unfavourable impression which such a report is calculated to leave 'oh the minds of those who have read it. • The circumstances as they actually occurred were as follow :—Mr.- ayner was proceeding on Thursday even ing : fast alone, in a gig, to Epsom, „to witness the race for the Oaks the next day, when he was stopped in West minster-road, near the Marsh-gate, by Pe'iceman 128 L, who seized the horse's head, under the pretext that Mr. R. was intoxicated, and unable to,take care of himself or to prevent mischief to .others. (hlr. B. had driven through Chancery-lane, and the other crowded tharoughtlares lead ing from thence to Westminster-road, without exciting any previous notice, ninth less the vigilance of a policeman). .1 - le permitted himself to be - taken . to the station-house, under an imprt , s , ion that the inspector on- - •thay would norreceive the charge. But in this he w'as . Mistaken ; he was locked up, and the horse and gig driven to the Green-yard. 110 then requested that a friend of hi s should be sent to, one of the churchwardens of the pa rish, to bail him out ; but when that gentleman arrived h e was deceived by At false representation of the Inspec tor. When the case came to be heard before Mr. Train, on Saturday, a sergeant and two other policemen swore positively that Mr. R. was so- drunk as to be scarcely able to keep his seat ;, and this statement they said they could confirm by several respectable witnesses, fo - r the production. of whom the further hearir.g of the case was adjourned till this day. (The Sunday Times states that the case was postponed for Mr. Rayner to produce witnesses to rebut the evidence as to his al leged intoxication.) When the case was called on to day, it occupied but a very short time. Mr. R. wasfully prepared on his side, while, on the other hand, the police had not one of their respectable witnesses to produce. The complaint was dismissed, Mr. Traill adding there was not the slightest imputation on Mr. Rayner. Now, Sir ‘ this is one of those cases in 'which the Legislature has provided no redress against the abuse of power, ; and, - I , i • am sorry to say, that such instances are of too frequent occurrence. Here is a gentleman stopped on the highway upon afalse charge, taken to a place called a station-house, has his pockets rifled, and is then locked up in a, noisome dungeon, from which light and air are both carefully excluded ! And the perpetrators of this out rage are protected, because they wear •a blue coat and three stripes round the wrist!! What is the satisfaction • obtained ? , Why, that the police are declared, by im plication, unworthy of belief upon their oath, and that, die party accused leaves the bar without any imputation on his character ! Ought such a state of things to be much longer endured ? This is surely a case deserving the attention of the Commissioners, or, if not theirs, certainly that of the press—the only trustworthy guar dian of the people's remaining rights and liberties. May 31, 1841. VINDICATOR. (We have received the name and address of the writer, with Mr. Rayner's attestation to the statements in the letter.) ------ THE BREAD TAX. .., • TO THE EDITOR OF THE SU.N. • `..:III—I beg leave to inform you that the cause your valuable paper so nobly advocates, is progressing in Mac-. elestield. Though we have been silent for some time on this all-important question, the popular voice has at length burst from its slmnbering apathy, and a large and respectable requisition has been signed and presented to the Mayor, Thomas Norbury, Esq., a Conservative. H has acceded to the wishes of the requisitionists, and a public meeting of the inhabitants is to be held on Wed nesday next, at 12 o'clock . at neon, when we expect u glorious demonstration against the atrocious Coo-laws. We have some of the travelling Chartist Lecturers h i town, who threaten to disturb the meeting, by moving an amendment, but it is of no avail without a junction of the Tories with them, who we believe would join the Prince of Darliness,to effect their purpose ; but the cause a nd must prevail. fight.\Ve are r. e is holy . and just, your spirit -stirring articles, which are, read here admiration and delight, and we wish y ou may C 0 .,. i the war against monopoly till victory is inscribed 1111111 a. banners under which you so noblyon the word be— tgoraut:nalwtre• f o r with "Connnercial Reform !—No Corn-laws 1 Monopoly "' - __ !—Down with - I remain, your fellow-labourer in the cause of right, ANTI-BREAD TAX. Maccleskld, May 31, 1841. ENCLOSING AGAINST THE POOR.--4Frora a Correspondent.)—A Bill, for the Rights of Common over is progressing thr oug h Parliament ‘ 1:11 I(\lveir'a'dd°Yl peculi ( ar il l l y se i ' l ' ard circumstances, as 'regards the poorer class of commoners who have rights thereon. These poor people have raised a small subscription to. protect themselves against their wealthy and influential neighbours, and have petitioned Parliament for relief ; but they fear that all their efforts will prove unavailing, unless some of the worthy champions of the poor, who have seats -in the House of Commons, will investigate their case, and come and help them. The petitioners against the Bill, are in number about 160, their oppo font's, who are forcing the measure against them, are' about 25, but they are rich and powerful. CORN•LAWS (IRELAND).—The second 'day after the movement, when _letters could scarcely ha te reached us from . the distant districts of the province, we report upwards of - forty. ntoctings,i and we: promise as manymore for our next,, : ,.' We must .not encroach one line upon the space so much better occupied, e xce p t to cull emphationtiention to this all-important fact—that these meetings,' chiefly agricultural, have not only de— clared against the reifttru of the Tories to power, but In• repeal of the Corn:lit* . s', - ; and what is still better, a pike reform of the landlord and tenant system.-,4e/f ag Vindicator. • .....• ~r~'.n9 de' the hl irdell )ueeli The f the 5 14 ' tit Old Plot , o f , I 1 1,e