The Sun. — London, England, 1870-03-03 00:00:00

V ! , 0v',1 ,,4 z7s -r . _ .!0 ,b r v e i l ! 't-iOA SPIRIT OF THE PRESS. THE FRENCH MINISTER AND THE COUNCIL. We publish in another column, says the Times, extracts trona the letters by which Count Daru, the French Minister for Foreign Affairs, conveyed his mind to the Papal Court and to the fathers of the (Ecumenical Council. His language could not be more explicit, nor could it carry greater weight, considering that it comes from one of the most influential members of the new Imperial Government, " a man of good repute," as the Jesuit organs are compelled to describe him, " and professing sincere devotion to the Church." The import of the communication is that by the promulgation of the Dogma of Infallibility or of the Syl labus, Rome would not only imperil the Concordat, but place the French Governme it under the necessity of with drawing its troops from the places they occupy in the Pontifical States. These intimations, we are told, have been treated with contempt. Rome seems on the one hand to have ventured too far for retreat or compromise, and, on the other, one can scarcely see what she may hope from a conflict in which, besides being pitted against the whole civil society of the world, she would be divided against herself. •It did not seem possible that Rome could ever push her pretensions beyond the limits attained at Trent more than three hundred years ago. Nothing but dread of the political disorders attendant on reli gious innovations prevented at that " juncture the most advanced nations of Europe from breaking off from the Roman Communion, and following Germany and England in the path of freedom and light. Is the Vatican Council to accomplish what the Council of Trent left unachieved? Will Pius IX. attempt in our age what was above the powers of Pius V. in the sixteenth century? And may the Pope, in such an enterprise, contimie to reckon on the I countenance and protection of France—of the France of Darn and 011ivier—of the France whose counsels are thus followed, whose services are thus acknowledged and requited ? THE DISCHARGED DOCKTARDMEN. The Standard declares that the appeal from the dis charged dockyardmen is so cogent as to justify an endorse ment, before the boasted navy estimates of the year are adopted. This, be it noted, is a cry from an injured an d suffering class, which has been in great part pauperised by the direct action of Government. 'They protest against the usage they have received upon nine, or, we might s ay, ten special grounds, each of which deserves considera tion, and ought to be well looked at before the House of Commons can call itself apopular Parliament. The time at which the the wholesale dismissals took place could not have been more cruelly selected had it been resolved, as, of course, it was not, to inflict a wanton and gratuitous hardship upon the workpeople. Mr. Childers and his cham pions tell us it was understood, in all the days of Admiralty rule, that merely hired men were never to expect pension or gratuity of any kind when their industry, no matter how surprising or peremptory the notice, was dispensed with. If so, why was it necessary to post up only in January, 1870, on all the dockyard gates, a proclamation declaring that "no hired men must look for, or expect compensation or superannuation on being discharged." The truth is that the principle was never before made known, and that the apologies of Ministers up to that date had been worse than hypocritical. The men had been deliberately—we were going to say inhumanly— deceived. This is not a sentimental matter. It bears at once on the good faith of Government, on public policy, on the future of our dockyard system, and, although the consideration may be wasted upon the Government, on the state of the poor in large districts made desolate by Liberal parsimony. THE I lINISHHENT OF DEATTi. Forty years ago, sa y s th e T e l egra ph, an y morn i n g at eight o'clock, after a session at the Old Bailey, you might have heard the bell of St. Sepulchre's tolling, and have seen a row of strangled wretches hanging from a beam in front of the old prison. Many of them were clerks or shopmen who had been guilty of pilfering from their em ployers in a petty way. N ow - a -d a y s we should give them three months' imprisonment for a first offence, and a more lenghtened term for a repetition ; but, in practice. the proportion of second convictions is wonderfully small. The same state of things prevailed throughout the coun try. Rustics were strung up by the score for horse and sheep stealing. We don't hang them now, yet our sheep and horses are far safer than before. When the last step shall be taken, either in North Germany, or in. France, or in England, is a point on which we ex press no opinion. We address ourselves to the con sideration of this most important subject with out the faintest feeling of mawkish sentimentality—for if we could save innocent people from being murdered by hanging the murderer, we should say, hang him by all means. But in the presence of such signs of the times as we have here enumerated, is it possible to doubt that the three greatest nations of Europe are seriously asking them selves the question—ls life rendered more secure by the infliction of death ? IRISH OUTRAGES. The Daily News thinks it may become necessary for the Government to proclaim disturbed districts in Ire land, and to prohibit in them the carrying and posses sion of arms. A measure of this kind might possibly do something to hinder agraria n as sass i n ations, and it would have force as an assertion of authority. Whatever may be tho necessities of the passing hour, the permanent peace of Ireland can only be looked for as the result of wise and just legislation. Suppression, as we have said, is easy for the moment, but the task re quires to be done over again perpetually. The redress of real grievances is a longer process, and its effects are slower in skewing themselves. A generation or a cen jury may pass before they are apparent. But the work once done is done for ever. The allegation that they are engaged in preparing a better future for Ireland will not excuse any Government for remissness in maintaining law and order, and security of person and property, in the present. But to attend to the temporary exigencies of the present only, in disregard of Ireland's permanent interests, would be a blunder failing little short of a crime. Her Majesty's advisers have correctly appreciated their duty in this matter. FREEDOM OF OPINION IN ESTABLISHED CHURCHES. The Pall Mall Gazette, in referring to the Solicitor- General's recent article on ecclesiastical unity and free dom, cannot be blind to the fact that there is a strong sacerdotal party within the Church, and that it attaches extreme value precisely to those opinions which he would regard as furthest from the essential truths of Christianity. If you make a belief in those opinions no longer essential to membership of the Church, you alienate the sacerdotalists who value them in proportion to their incre dibility. Many of them, it is probable, would abandon a body deprived, as they would think, of some of its most vital points of doctrine. The Solicitor-General seems to anticipate such a result. " Those," he says, "to whom the law is intolerable must find refuge in secession. This has been the resource of high-spirited and conscientious men before now, and perhaps it may he again. . . It is not a thing to rejoice at; it is a thing gravely to deplore ; but it may be the inevit able consequence of an inevitable ." change." 'Undoubtedly ; but it is rather awkward to find such a consequence held up as one of the first and most natural results of an attempt at wider comprehensio n . If by admitting Mr. Spurgeon we alienate Dr. Pusey, we shall have made an exchange, but not an extension. And thus the practical problem becomes whether it is, in fact, possible to arrange any terms on which not merely Hi g h l3road, and Low Churches, but Dissenters of manyvari ou ; shades of opinion, may meet in common to pursue th e . great aims of religious instruction in tolerable harmony. 'I..RAIIWAYS IN lAN .ERANCISCO.-110 projectors of the street tramways may derive encouragement from the success of the system in San Francisco. According to a return published in the San Franciso News Letter, the total receipts of the various companies during the past year amounted to 1,088,523 dollars, which sum represents a sale of nearly seventeen millions and a half of tickets. Making every deduction for lost and season tickets, the number of riders hi the street cars may be estimated at at least fourteen millions. If such results can be obtained in a city like San Francisco the prospects in London ought to be brilliant. CUBA.—Reportg from" Habana Btato that the schooner Herald, from Nassau, recently landed a party of thirty-six filibusters at Gibara, under the command of General Goicouria. They were attacked by the volun teers, who killed seven of them. It is reported that the survivors are in the Sierra Socarreva in a famished con dition. A band of Chinese insurgents have appeared in the Saqua, jurisdiction, and burned the Peralta sugar ware houses The New York papers think that there is an increased probability of the recognition of Cuba by the *United States. The sentiment of the House Foreign AFfairs Committee is unanimous that the time has arrived when the Government and Congress should accord the hnurgents belligerent rights. It is understood t7 - rat the committee w:11 adopt in the main the re3olution presented by Senator Sherman , to the Senate, recognising a state of war in the island of Cuba, and preventing Spain from buying munitions of war, and fitting out ships in American ports. A Habana despatch states that Mr. Seward has sailed for Baltimore. Vie wounded victims of the late outrage are improving. - - DADE:v.—The Carlsruhe Gazette of February 28th, declares that.the Baden Government has no connection with the proposition of Herr Lasler, and that its policy has for its essential basis the interest of the country. That interest, it believes, agrees with the aspira tions of the whole German nation. The recent declaration of Count Bismarck has strengthened this hope, as he admits th a t h e d oes not cons id er t h e presen t partial union of Germany definitive. The Government of Baden, according to another account, intends shortly to commence the great works at R as t a d t, prescr ib e d b y th e comm i ss ion on the Federal fortresses. The old masonry fronts are to be iron -clad, and the old artillery is to be replaced -by powerful modern gun.s, which have been made in Prussia on the Prussian Government modeL When the works at Rastadt are completed, other undertakings will be commenced and several new fortifications con structed. Two detached forts are to be united, and two tetes de ponts to defend the passage of the Murg, a small river which throws itself into the Rhine. Prussia has arranged all these plans as if the country already belonged to her. PARAGUAY.—The French Patrie, which is always favourable to the course of Paraguayan indepen dence, compares the recent telegrams respecting the war received in France and England. The former announced that Lopez had directed his course towards the river Apa, and, as usual (being from a Brazilian source), it declares the war to be virtually concluded. The English version stated that Lopez had abandoned his position at Pernadero, leaving his invalids behind him ; that General Camara had routed 600 Paraguy-ans at Conception, and that Count d'Eu had started for that place, leaving a garrison at Curtiquaty. The Pcdrie points out that if the town of Conception mentioned is. the Conception situated on the river Paraguay, Lopez has resumed the offensive, and is drawing nearer to the heart of the country, in stead of fly - i:* towards its frontiers. He must too have been strong enough to recapture Conception from the Brazilians, who took possession of it some months since. On the'other hand Count d'Eu has found himself co unpopular in Cura2, - uaty that he dare not leave it with out a garrison, a fact which is not consiztent with the ratisfiletion said to be experienced by the Paraguayans. at the Encee33 of the Brazilians. The Patric PI, convinced that Lopez is still pre-.i'!cnt dc facto and that he has taken the field with great ent A n important d )fl regarding the relit Amorlean sf.:hcols is reported by the Nclo Yolk of the. 16th .ult. The Catholics of Cincinnati, in imitation of their New York brethren, have been endeavouring to secure the exclusion of the Bible from the public schools. An injunction was granted by one of the city courts, restraining the School beard from enforcing the rules regarding the daily read ing of the Bible by classes; In an able review of the arguments advanced by the counsel, Judge Hayens, of the Superior Court, yesterday dissolved the injunction, declaring that "the exclusion of all reliziouz instructicu from the public schools is contrary to the provieicquici /341.2 t Blatto,:.! • - • - • - - CONGRESS. SENATE.—Feb. I—A communication was received from the Attorney-General, stating that he had given no official opinion in writing upon Georgia affairs, but had once informally read a private me morandum of his views to the General of the Army. Mr. Morrill, from the Appropriation Committee, re ported the bill authorizing transfers to the Bureau of Construction and Steam Engineering in the Navy Department. The bill was laid over. Mr. Ram sey offered a resolution directing the Foreign Com mittee to consider the expediency of the Govern ment mediating between the Red River insurgents and the Dominion of Canada, with a view to estab lishing a responsible Government in Central Bri tish America, &c. It was referred to the Foreign Committee. Mr. Ramsey introduced a bill to re gulate public printing, and discontinue the publi cation of books by the Government. Mr. Conkling introduced a resolution for the admission of Mis siasippi to representation in Congress. The Cur rency Bill was considered, and Mr. Morton's Amend ment, fur the distribution of $13,000,000 of the cir culation among the States and Territories having less th in their share, the demand to be made first on banks having made more than $1,000,000 capi tal, was adopted. The Senate adjourned, postpon ing the final disposition of the bill for another day. Feb. 2.—The bill in regard to the resignation of Judges in certain cases was reported from the Judi ciary Committee, with a recommendation that it be indefinitely postponed. The Currency Bill was taken up and passed, with amendments, by a vote of 39 to 23. As amended, it provides for the issue of $45,000,000 additional banking circulation, and the retirement of an equal amount of Tbree per Cent. Certificates. The additional issue is to be given to those sections having less than their pro portion of currency, and when the $45,000,000 issue is exhausted a transfer of $20,000,000 is autho rized from the States having an excess, to those having a deficiency. The removal of banks from States having an excess of circulation to those hav ing an insufficiency is authorized, and the amount of their circulation is not to be deducted from the amount of new issue. The fourth, fifth, and sixth sections of the bill provide for banking on a coin basis. The bill authorizing transfers to enable a resumption of work in the navy yards was taken up, and opposed by Mr. Trumbull, who favoured separate appropriations. It was then laid aside, and Mr. Howe spoke in support of his bill to repeal so much of the neutrality laws as prevents Americans from enlisting in a foreign army, and American ship builders from furnishing vessels to cruise againstfriendlyforeign Powers. Adjourned. Feb. 3. —Mr.Chandler introduced a bill,which was referred, reorganizing the Marine Hospital service. On the motion of Mr. Abbott, the Judiciary Committee were directed to report what legislation is required for the protection of citizens in the South, and to inquire into the constitutionality and expediency of establishing a national police force. On the motion of Mr. Kellogg, the Commerce Committee were directed to inquire into the expediency of abolishing unnecessary ports of delivery. Mr. Sherman, from the Finance Committee, reported his Funding Bill. It provides for the issue of $1,200,000,000 in bonds, in three classes of $400,000,000 each. The first class is redeemable in ten years, bearing 5 per cent. interest ; the second in fifteen years, bearing 44 per cent., and the third in twenty years, bearing 4 per cent. The joint resolutioh authorizing transfers in Naval Appropriations for the relief of Navy-yard workmen was taken up, and an amendment, offered by Mr. Morrill, of Vermont, was adopted, yeas 29, nays 22, which provides that no higher wages shall be paid the workmen than is paid by private citi zens. The bill was then laid aside, and after a speech of Mr. Carpenter, in favour of Mr. Howe's resolution repealing part of the neutrality laws, the Senate adjourned. Feb. 4.—A bill passed autho rizing the Secretary of the Treasury to withhold moneys due to States which have not paid interest on any of their bonds held in trust by the United States. The bill abolishing franking was taken up, and amendments were offered, continuing present provisions in relation to newspapers and periodicals. The morning hour having expired, the Census Bill came up in order, when Mr. Ramsey moved to pro ceed with the bill to abolish franking. His motion was lost—yeas, 22 ; nays, 34. On the motion of Mr. Carpenter, a resolution asking the President forinfor mation in regard to affairs in Georgia, was adopted. The joint resolution authorizing meteorological observations to give warning of approaching storms was agreed to. The bill authorizing officers in the Executive Departments to administer oathsin certain cases was passed. A bill relieving the political dis abilities of a large number of ex-rebels was taken up. Pending its consideration the Senate adjourned. Feb. 7.—The resolutions of the Georgia Legisla ture, accepting the resolutions imposed by Congress and ratifying the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amend ments, were presented. Mr. Edmunds, from the Pension Committee, made a report, stating that the Government would not be justified in enlarging the pension list for men not disabled. Mr. Trumbull introduced a bill to protect owners of trade marks. Mr. M'Donald, from the Post-office Committee, reported the bill for the conveyance of mails to European and Asiatic ports, &c. Mr. Cole intro duced a bill providing for mail steamship service to Australia. Mr. Stewart introduced a bill to en force the Suffrage Amendment, which was referred to the Judiciary Committee. The bill prohibiting recommendations to office by Congressmen and the Census Bill were considered. The death of Mr. Hoag of Ohio being announced, the Senate adjourned. Feb. 9.—On motion of Mr. Pomeroy, the President was asked for information regarding action relating to a claim of the Central Pacific Railroad for lands and bonds of the United States. On the motion of Mr. Ferry, the Judiciary Com mittee were directed to report whether the Georgia Legislature has been organized in accordance with the provisions of Congress. Mr. Trumbull, from the same Committee, reported a substitute for the House Bill admitting Mississippi, omitting the con ditions ; also the bill changing the Judicial Circuits, with amendments, one of which provides that the Justices shall be residents of their respective circuits. Mr. Wilson introduced a bill increasing the num ber of the Supreme and Circuit Judges to eleven, which was referred. Mr. Morton spoke in advocacy of the bill to prevent the furnishing of vessels and war material to foreign powers, to be used against insurgent colonies or districts. His bill and that of Mr. Howe relative to neutrality were then re ferred to the Foreign Committee. The Census question was considered, and on the motion of Mr. Conkling the House Bill was laid upon the table by a vote of 46 to 9. Mr. Chandler, on leave, introduced the bill " to promote commerce among the States," which provides for the construction of a railroad from Washington to New York, and rail road and telegraph lines from Washington to Pitts burg and Cincinnati. The Senate then adjourned. Feb. 10.—Mr. Schurz introduced a resolution pro viding that no State shall in future receive lands for agricultural and mechanical colleges, unless such colleges are open, to all without distinction or colour. Mr. Chandler, from the Naval Committee, reported the bill reorganizing the Marine Hospital service. Mr. Ramsey, from the Post-office Committee, re ported the House Post Route Bill. The bill mak ing transfers in navy appropriations was passed. The Mississippi Bill was discussed, but the Senate adjourned without acting upon it. _ -- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Feb. I.—Mr. Booker, member elect from the Fourth Virginia district, was sworn in. Mr. Farnsworth, from the Post-office Committee, reported a bill to prevent improper matter being sent by mail, and a.,:led its passage, but Mr. Wood objected. Mr. Schenck, Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, re ported the Tariff Bill, and moved its ;eference to Committee of the Whole, and that it be made the special order for Thursday, the 10th instant, and until disposed of. He said the bill was amenda tory, and not a general revision. Mr. Allison, of lowa, a member of the committee, suggested a postponement for at least two weeks, to allow a proper examination of the bill, and declared that it was in the interest of manufacturers, not of con sumers. Mr. Schenck said that the committee had endeavoured to keep in mind, revenue, protection, and consumption. Mr. Brooks quoted from the bill to show that reductions had been made in mere revenue articles, such as tea, coffee, sugar, liquors, &c., in order to have an excuse for raising the duty on iron, steel, jute, carpeting, and even old type ; while the objectionable duties stood on coal, salt, lead f lumber, hides, and other articles. Mr. Schenck said that a reduction on pig iron had been re ported, and while tanners and dealers in hides favoured their being put upon the free list, there were other interests to be consulted.—Feb. 2. Mr. Swann, from the Foreign Committee, reported a resolution requesting the President to communi cate information in regard to American citizens confined in British prions for political offences, and the treatment they receive. it was discussed until the expiration of the morning hour. On the motion of ;Mr. Logan,the Foreign Committee were directed to in quire if there arc any reasons why the Republic of Cuba should not be recognized as a belligerent power. r.Paine offered ajoint reso:ution, which was passed, providing for meteorological observations at themili tary stations and other points to give notice cf storms. The Judiciary Committee reported the Naturalization Bill, which was recommitted. Mr. Clarke presented a memorial from the Kansas Le gislature, asking the removal of the Capitol to Fort Leaven Worth. In reply to an inquiry by Mr. Banks, Mr. Dawes said that a bill to relieve the navy yard workmen would probably be reported to-morrow, after consulting with the Secretary of the Navy. The bill to relieve the poor of the THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 3, 1870. District of Columbia was considered. Pending its final disposition the House adjourned. Feb. 3. Mr. Cullom's bill to prevent polygamy in Utah was reported and recommitted. Mr. Allison intro duced a bill to bring into use the metric system of weights and measures. Mr. Reeves introduced a resolution, which was referred, taxing dogs $2 50 each. The bill extending the benefits of the Bounty Act to widows, children, &c., of soldiers who had enlisted for less than one year was passed . On the motion of Mr. Schumacker, the Banking Com mittee were instructed to consider the pro priety of, granting to any citizen the privilege of banking on all United States bonds. On the mo tion of Mr. Schenck, the Tax Bill was made the special order for March 1. Mr. Butler, of Massa chusetts, from the Reconstruction Committee, re ported a bill admitting Mississippi on conditions similar to those in the Virginia Bill. The bill was passed, a substitute by Mr. Beck, for unconditional admission, having been defeated by a vote of 98 to 85. The bill making transfers of naval appropria tions, &c., was reported and passed, with an amend ment reducing the amount one-half, to $1,500,000. The House then adjourned. Feb. 4—A resolution was adopted authorising the Military Committee to inquire whether any member had sold, or offered to sell, his influence in securing appointments to the Military or Naval Academy. The Committee is empowered to send for persons and papers. Mr. Bingham, from the Judiciary Committee, reported a bill to permit Francis E. Shober, member elect from North Carolina, to take the oath for those re lieved of disabilities instead of the test oath. The bill was tabled by a vote of 89 to 78. Mr. Lawrence introduced a bill prescribing a mode of paying pen sions through the postmasters, revenue officers, or banks throughout the country. The bill giving $30,000 to relieve the poor of the District of Colum bia was passed, with Mr. Logan's amendment authorizing the issue of rations. Mr. Negley in troduced a bill to prevent the sale of illuminating oils that will ignite at a lower temperature than 110 degrees. Mr. Cake introduced bills to create the Northern Judicial District of Pennsylvania, regu lating the currency and preparing for a resump tion of specie payments. The House adjourned. Feb. 7—Bills were introduced by Mr. Morrill, of Maine, to allow a drawback of 90 per cent. on home materials used in constructing sea-going vessels, and 85 per cent. on foreign material ; by Mr. Kelley, to promote an international metrical system of coinage; by Mr. Ridgeway, to abolish the oath of office, and remove political disabilities from all Virginians; by Mr. Dockery, requiring uniformity of railroad gauge; by Mr. Stevenson, to extend the time for proceedings in bankruptcy; and by Mr. Arnell, giving women employds of the Government the same wages as men in like positions. Mr. Marshall's resolution, declar ing for a tariff for revenue only, came up in order, and was tabled by a vote of 89 yeas to 77 nays. A motion to reconsider was tabled—yeas 91, nays 80. On the motion of Mr. Orth, the President was askedto furnish the diplomatic correspondence with Spain relating to Cuban affairs, with such information as he may possess in regard to the struggle in that. island. The Indian Appropriation Bill was reported. It appropriates $30,088,930 —less than half the ap propriation last year. After the announcement of the death of Representative Hoag, the House ad journed. Feb. 9.—The report of the Election Com mittee declaring Mr. Covode entitled to the seat from the Twenty-first District of Pennsylvania, was adopted, and he was sworn in. Mr. Lawrence, from the Reconstruction Committee, reported a bill to enforce Constitutional Amendment, which was passed. The Legislative Appropriation Bill was considered in Committee of the Whole. On the motion of Mr. Banks, the President was re quested to furnish information in regard to the number of American citizens in Cuba. Adjourned. Feb. 10—Mr. Roots introduced E. bill to encourage the establishment of a mail steamship line to India and China, &c The resolution calling for infor mation iu regard to American citizens imprisoned in Great Britain wai discussed. On the motion of Mr. Butler, the Secretary of State was asked for in formation as to why the Spanish Government had not paid in coin the interest on claims of American citizens, under the Treaty of 1834. Mr. Butler, from the Reconstruction Committee, reported the bill to remove disabilities, and it was recommitted. The Legislative Appropriation Bill was discussed, pending which the House adjourned. LIS7 FOR THE USE OF VISITORS TO 271 E METROPOLIS. INFLA7IOIV AND SPECIE PAYMENTS. (From the Anglo- Amertean Times.) The House of Representatives last Monday adopted a resolution instructing the Banking Com mittee to bring in a bill increasing the greenback circulation by $50,000,000, the vote being 108 to 73. In the face of the decision of the Supreme Court, which has made the legal tender an illegal tender for all debts contracted prior to the passage of the Act, the success of such a resolution will cause surprise. Considering that the debtor class exceeds in number the creditor class, and that if wealth weighs heavily in the Republic, numbers are even heavier still, action hostile to the ruling of the Su preme Court might be anticipated. Indeed an amendment to the Constitution has been proposed to enable Congress to turn anything it pleases into money, and decrte that debts can be legally paid in that thing. Perhaps the most powerful of all interests in the United States are the great railroad corporations, nearly all of which are directly affected by this decision. Taking the issue of bonds by them alone at $200,000,000, and calculating gold at a premium of 20, it follows that the momentary effect is to increase that debt by popomo ; and this, it must be remembered, acts immediately against such cliques as those around Commodore VANDERBILT, or Go u LD, FISK, and Co. Although not so directly felt, the various States suffer similarly, and when such interests head the army of debtors the combination must indeed be powerful. In delivering judgment, the Chief Justice observed that an Act making mere promises to pay dollars a legal tender in discharge of debts previously contracted is not a power vested in Congress, such an Act being incon sistent with the spirit of the Constitution ; and that it is therefore prohibited by the Constitution. The grave question follows, —can Congress make a pro mise to pay, indefinitely postponed, a legal tender under any circumstances ? The Representatives in this resolution appear to assert the right of Con gress to issue such promises as legal tender, not merely as a power to be exercised in war, or in some great emergency, but as an ordinary piece of legis lation. Of course a violent opposition was raised, especially in the Eastern States, as the resolution tends to carty the country back from the specie payments to which a conjunction of circumstances had lately been gradually leading it. On the ques tion of contraction, the wealthy Eastern States are at issue with the poorer West and South. A con junction of the Representatives from the latter sec tions carried the resolution, but the Bank Commit tee is, we believe, opposed to inflation, as are the Senate and the Administration ; therefore there is little chance of the resolution assuming the shape of law. Indeed, we now learn that it had no sooner passed than every element of opposition was aroused in the Eastern States; the Senate on Thursday adopt ing a resolution declaring any further inflation of the currency to be inexpedient. Senator SHERMAN'S Fi nance Bill was expressly designed to supply the need of the West and South for more currency. Whether it will have this effect remains to be seen ; but those who best understand the subject hold that all such legislation is futile ; that sections of a country grow rich by vigorously using the gifts of nature to the best advantage, and grow poor by neglecting them, coup ling idleness with extravagance; that where wealth is, there will be currency also ; that where poverty pre vails, currency will be scarce ; that a reservoir may be blled with water, to find it quickly empty, if there be a hole in the bottom, the money flowing to the wealthy centre as naturally as the water flows through the hole. In other words, that currency is the mere medium of exchange for commodities, and if those commo dities do not exist, currency is not required. Many Congressmen appear to be under the delusion that the currency is itself wealth ; that these bits of paper, printed for and issued by the Treasury, are in themselves riches, though it is a self-evident pro position that the nation would not gain a cent if the Treasury threw them about in cartloads. We may here remark on what appears to us to be another common delusion. Many seem unable to separate in their minds the evils inseparable to indebtedness from the method of dealing with that indebtedness. What a debtor has to do is simply to make for him self the most easy terms; not to pay JONES 6 per cent. if he can get the accommodation from SMITH at 5 per cent. If he, instead of assuming this posi tion, begins to whine about the evils of the position, be does what is neither wise nor dignified. If the citizens of the United States will not advance Uncle SAM the money at 5 per cent, for the simple reason that money is much more valuable in America, Uncle SAM'S course is to get what he requires from Europe, if, as money is there cheaper, Europeans are willing to lend it a;.• a lower price. Nothing appears to us more simple than this, but the oppo sition is so strenuous in the United States against what is there called " peddling the National Secu rities," that it is doubtful whether any Funding Bill can be passed. The main objection rests in complying with the requirement of the foreign purchaser, that the interest be paid in his own country—a matter of dollars only, as far as we can see. Yet this small condi dition is construed into one not only of policy, but of dignity. Under any circumstances, the Bonds of the United States must pass into the hands of foreigners; and the material point is, or, at any rate, ought to be, for Uncle SAM'S agents to make the best bargain for him ; that is, to pay By hye mixingfo reignersup aslittle this they can possibly dignity-question help. with a mere matter of business, the foreigner who understands as the subject gets what satisfies him—a very high rate of interest considering the security, and he only hopes that Uncle SAM will stand to the end of the chapter on his dignity, for it is on that pedestal he assumes The most interesting appearance, or, at least, the most profitable. Europeans cannot dis sociate in their minds greenbacks and repudiation, income, and other taxes, with payment in America. Hence the disinclination to hold the National Securi ties. But let the payment of interest in Europe be conceded to the foreign holders, and the rise in value of these bonds would make a material gain to the country. Although the connection between mea sures to inflate the currency, and a bill which may enable the Secretary to Fund the Debt at a lower interest may not be seen at the first glance, they have a connection, at least on this side—the very essence of the subject here being the payment of the interest in Europe, asit severs their association of the Bonds with greenbacks, and a misunderstood and dreaded policy. The late extraordinary fall in gold in NeW York shows how little has been the effect on the market of the action in the House. It seems as if the question Of a return to specie payment was likely to Beale itself, and it ought not to be over looked that the decision of the Supreme Court has made it the interest of the different States, Rail road, and other large Corporations to arrive as quickly as possible at specie payments, because—. they collect their revenue in greenbacks, but will now have to pay at least a portion in gold. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET.-(THIS DAY.) Sales probably B,QOO or 10,000 bales. The market quiet. DU BARRY'S Delicious Health restoring Revalent a Arabica Food, which contains three times the nourishment of t he best meat, saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, restore perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, res freshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy to the more enfeebled, removing speedily and effectually indigestion (dys pepsia), habitual constipation, diarrhoea, hemorrhoids, liver complaints, flatulency, nervousness, biliousness, fevers, sort throats, catarrhs, colds, influenza, noises in the head and ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, acidity, palpitation, heartburn, head ache, debility, dropsy, cramps, spasms, nausea, and sickness, sinking fits, coughs, asthma, bronchitis, incipient consumption, scrofula, tightness of the chest, pains at the pit of the stomach, between the shoulders. &c. We quote a few out of 88,000 cures : —Th• Pope's health restored by Du Barry's Food, Cure No. 58.413 Rome, July 21, 1866. - The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning all other remedies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revel, nta Arabica Food, of which he consumes a plateful at every meal. It has Produced a surprisingly beneficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too highly."—From the Gazette do Midi, July2s. Cure No. 9,832: "of Fifty yhar: indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthms cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach and vomiting. Maria Jolly, Wortham, Ling, near Diss, Norfolk Cure No. 47,12). : Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage Waltham Cross, Herts, of extreme nervousness, indigestion gatherings, low spirits. and nervous fancies. Important Caution —Beware of the many unsavoury and more than sloppy imita tions to which, without authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attached In tins, at is icd; Ilb 2s Od; 2 lb 48 6d; 51b lls; 12 lb 225; 24 lbs 4 180 I_,U BARBY's RDNALENTA A RABICA CHOCOLATE POWDER is packed in tin canisters: for 12 cups at 2s, for 24 cups at 3s 6d, for 48 cups at 65, for 288 cups at 30s, for 576 cups at 55s —being about one penny per cup. The 30s and 55s tins are sent free of carriage in England on receipt of Post Office Order.— DU BARRY and Co., No. 77, Itegent-street, London; and all Grocer! and Chelniita. REPRESENTATION OF ROXBURGIISITIRE. Sheriff Patterson having fixed the nomination for Wed nesday at twelve o'clock, it took place at the hustings, at the county bililding,s. The attendance was large. The Mar quis of Bowmont was proposed by Admiral Elliott, and seconded by Andrew Haddon. a farmer, of Honeyburn. Lord Bowmont thanked the electors for the honour they had done him in electing him to represent such an impor tant county as Roxburgh in Parliament. He alsothanked the Conservative party for allowing him to be returned without opposition. He did not think it necessary to go over again the opinions he had ex pressed at the various meetinge he had addressed. He had declared himself a supporter of the present Government, and throughout the entire county he had found predominant a feeling of entire con fidence in- Mr. Gladstone and his Government. They saw their most important measure brought in without any opposition, partly because they were so well prepared, and partly because the Conservative party was in a state of disorganisation. They might look forward to the Session as one of much useful work, and they might rest assured he would attend to the interests of his constituents regard less of party feeling. The report that Mr. Smith has been fired at is contradicted by his relatives. THE RETURN OF THE SEPAAATIST.—Lord James Butler took his seat in the Irish Church Convention on Tuesday, And requested permission to withdraw his resig nation. His return was hailed with loud cheers. The resignation of another lay delegate was received in consequence of the decision in the matter of the bishops' veto. THE THREATENED STRIKES IN SOUTH WALES. —The colliers of Monmouthshire and South Wales have given notice that they intend to discontinue work on the 31st of the present month. The result will be that a vast amount of capital will be rendered useless, and much suffering entailed on the men, if no agreement is come to previously. The cause of dispute is said to be trifling, it is whether a certain advance of 10 per cent. in the rates of wages shall be granted on the Ist of April, or the Ist of May. THE BISHOP OF STRASBURG.—The Bishop of Strasburg has issued a charge to his clergy and the faith ful people of his diocese, condemning the two letterswhich the Abbe Gratry sent to Mgr. Deschamps, the Archbishop of Malines, as containing propositions which were false, scandalous, and outrageous for the Roman Church, and opening. the way to errors which had already been con demned by the Sovereign Pontiffs. This charge forbids the perusal of these letters by the clergy and others, and extends the prohibition to the subsequent writings of their author, unless they have been submitted to the supervi sion of the canonical printer. THE ORLEANS PRINCES.—A. writer to the Figaro contradicts a statement that appeared in that jour nal to the effect that the Duc d'Aumale, in the name of his family, had signed a formal protest against the Liberal Empire inaugurated by the 011ivier-Daru regime. He says that the whole tenour of the lives of these princes has proved their devotion to their country and their zeal for the Liberal cause, and that they cannot fail to approve of those who seek to further its interests, whether their own position is affected by the change or not. If the frontiers are closed against the princes they should not be misre presented in their feelings and sentiments. THE POLITICAL SITUATION IN PARIS.—It is rumoured in Paris that the extreme Right of the Chamber, who succeeded in mustering fifty-six votes against the Ministry on February 24, intends to form a party, which will be less numerous, but not less energetic in its resist ance to the Liberal movement than the old circle in the Rue de l'Arcade. Jerome David is to be the President, and Clement Duvernois the Vice-President of this party. The latter has published an article in the Peuple Francais, which partly confirms this intelligence. He speaks. confidently of the triumph of the " Constitutional opposition," and is only apprehensive that it may be too rapidly achieved. The Debats, in commenting on the matter, thinks this fear is well grounded. It is very probable that the extreme Right, by choosing their time carefully, so as to secure the votes of the Left, might de feat the 011ivier Cabinet ; but as such a victory would probably entail the speedy dissolution of the Corps Legis latif, and the election of a more independent body, the Ministry would not have much to fear. A report has been issued by Mr. J. W. Bazalgette, engineer to the Metropolitan Board of Works, on metro yolitan railway, tramway, and other schemes. Mr. Bazalgette is of opinion that if we are to have tramways in London they should not be carried out by competing ompauies, but according to a general system approved by the Metropolitan Board. He thinks also that before tramways are multiplied we should have more experience A their efficiency and advantage to the public. The Earl of Shaftesbury, at a meeting in London _)f the Young Men's Christian Association, last night, Iwelt upon the present aspect of the education question. He believed that the local boards to be established by Mr. Forster's bill, in order to get rid of the worry in which they were sure to be involved about religious instruction, would throw religion overboard altogether, and that thus the Governmeut scheme, without any intention that it should be so, would become a purely secular system of education. The Earl of Derby hai written to Mr. E. Harper .cknowledging a letter of the 28th ultimo, written ou helittlf of the Loyal Orange institution, and expressing the sympathy of that body with Lady Dorby and himself :at the occasion of the irreparable loss which they have austained. His lordship says he has laid this letter before Lady Derby, who joins with him in offering to the Loyal Orange Institution their warmest thanks fo: this mark of respect paid to the memory of him whom they have lost. The Birmingham Post states that at the request of the Executive Committee of the League, Mr. Gladstone has consented to receive a deputation from the members of that body, at his official residence, Downing-street, on Wednesday, the 9th instant. The deputation will be repro 3antatiVe of all the branches of the League and will include a largo number of Members of Parliament and ministers of religion. Its object will be to explain the provisions of the Government Bill which require alteration, in order to ren der the measure acceptable to the advocates of a national system of education. ALLEGED MISCONDUCT OF DOCKYARD OFFICIALS. —Alfred Gorton, leading man of butchers at the Royal Clarence Yard, having been convicted of systematically taking ..ifts from contractors, was, the Telegraph states, on Tuesday dismissed the service. It cannot be too widely known that all contractors who maybe ascertained to have paid douceurs or bribes to officials in any of the departments will in future be struck out of the list, or prosecuted, as the case may be. _ MEXlCo.—Advices from the city of Mexico state that Escobedo had been compelled to retire before the Revolutionists. The Revolutionary Generals Toledo and Martinez combined their forces and proved too strong for him. The insurgent forces in Guanamate far outnumber hip army. During the past week the Government had forced 4,000 men into the army. A new president has been proposed in opposition to Juarez. At Orizaba there was a revolt of prisoners, but the citizens took no part in the affair. THE ERIE RAILWAY.—The Erie directors are taking defensive measures in anticipation of the attack from English shareholders. They declare the stamping and taxin of the stock by the so-called Protective Com mittee to %e illegal, and they will not permit the transfer of shares that have been so stamped. The Erie directors have determined that the expenses incurred by the corpo ration in resisting the attack shall be assessed upon the stock held by the parties inaugurating the hostile pro ceedings, and that the general stock shall be free from such assessment. FAILURE OF A CRACOW BANK.—The principal bank of Cracow, that of Messrs. Birchmaycr, has failed. The head of the firm, Herr Vincent Rirch, escaped before he could be arrested. The assets of the firm are valued at 1,300,000 florins, and the liabilities at 2,300,000 florins. The plant, &c., of the well-known Polish newspaper, the Czar, which was the property of the firm, has been confis cated on the requisition of Count Adam Potocki, one of the principal creditors. THE RED IlivEn.—The main points of the Bill •of Rights proposed by the Winnipeg insur gents are that the territory be governed by a local le;islature in . conjunction with the Governor and Executive Council ; that a two-thirds vote shall override the Governor's veto ; that universal suffrage be allowed ; and that there be no direct taxation, except by local legis lation. The bill is to be presented to the Commissioners from the Canadian Government as the basis of settlement, but the French and English delegates of the joint Win nipeg Convention have not vet finished its discussion. A man named Joseph Lynch was passing through Kilpatrick, county 'Westmeath; two men sprung from be hind a hedge; one fired and shot him in the thigh. The only rearion assigned is that he had entered the service of a new employer. It is stated, in connection with the late outrages in the Lake District, that the curate of Orosthwaite, near Keswick, has received a letter purporting to come from a member cf the Fenian Broth:•rhocd, threatening that if the men in charge be not released the church and his house will bo burnt to the ground. The curate has no power to release the men. The Exeter Employment Committee have on their list 546 men who aro out of work, and have declined to en tertain further applications. Accoording to the Exeter Gazette, the small rate of wages hitherto paid will be still further reduced at the end of the present week, so that those yet in their employ will have every inducement to seek for other work. Dr. Callaghan, chairman of Mr. Kickham's corn mittee, has written to the Cork papers, alleging that tele grams have been detained and suppressed by the Govern ment. and that intimidation in various forms has been practised. He declares it to be the intention of the com mittee to petition against Mr. Heron's return. A. telenTam from the Fen country informs us that ahoujforty yards of the east bank of the river Ouse at Wiggenhall St. Peter's Norfolk, slipped into the river this morning. The consequences may be very serious, but measures are already taken to repair the damage. If there should be a high tide, the Fen country will bo flooded, and an immense amount of property destroyed. The Record announces that a series of "Popular Lectures on the Evidences of Christianity " is likely to be arranged in several London districts. A conference of the Christian Evidence Society is to be held on Saturday next, "to consider the best means of counteracting, on a more widely extended scale, the strenuous and systematic efforts of infidelity in the metropolis and throughout the country, which are now assuming so alarming a charac ter." The Bishon of London will nre.3ide. It is reported that the vacancy on the Scotch bench, occasioned by the death of Lord Barcaple, will be filled by the appointment of Sheriff Mackenzie. ATTEMPTED ESCAPE OF AN ALLEGED MURDERER. —The newspapers reported a week or two since an attempt by Rutherford, one of the men committed for trial on the charge of murder at Creswell, to escape from gaol. Since then he has been confined in another cell, boarded about 3ft high all round. Rutherford succeeded in removing one of these planks, and had loosened some of the bricks by scraping the morter away, concealing the rubbish between the pannelling and the wall. He' also pulled off the wire surrounding his panniken. On this being missed, further search was made, and his plans were discovered. I lie Austrian Lloyd steamer Pluto has been totally wrecked off Varna. The loss is estimated at £17,000 sterling. • It i 3 reported that 0.2 yncp..ncy on the Scotch bench, occasioned by the death of Lord Barcaplo, will be filled by the appointment of Sheriff Macliebz!e. The venerable Dedn of Winchester completed his ninety-fourth year on Saturday, when the cathedral bells, as custoniary on his birthday, " fired " the number of Fears h 9: 44 attained. MUSEUMS. Antiquarian—Somerset House. Admission by application to the secretary. Botanic—Royal Botanic Society of London. Regent's park. Admission daily by orders from fellows. Royal Gardens, Kew. Open daily, 1 till 6, freo. British—Great Russell-street. Open free on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, 10 to 4 • summer months 10 till 7. Closed Ist till 7th January, till 7th May, and Ist till 7th September; also on all thanksgiving days. City—Guildhall. A collection of antiquities, etc. Daily 10 till 5. Geological—Jermyn street. Open daily (except Fridays) free. _ India—lndia Office, Charles-street. Asiatic natural his tory, antiquities, &c. Open free on Mondays, Wednes days, and Fridays, and on Thursdays by orders. King's College—Strand. Anatomy and curiosities. Daily 10 till 4. Patents—South Kensington. Models and inventions. Open free daily. Royal Institution--21, Albemarle-street. Various objects. Daily, 10 till 5. Royal Military Repository—Woolwich. Models of forti fications, cannon, and warlike appliances. Daily, 10 till 4. Royal Polytechnic Institution-309, Regent-street. Scien • tific, with lectures. Open daily, till 10 p.m. Is. Soane's-13, Lincoln's-inn-fields. Antiquities, curiosities, and pictures. Open Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fri days in April, May, and June; and Wednesdays, from February to August. Admission on application to the Curator _ _ _ Society of Arts —John-street. Adelphi. Inventions, pic tures, curiosities &c. Daily : admission by member's order. South Kensington—Cromwell-road. Open on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Saturdays, 10 till 10, free; on other days 10 till 4,5, or 6. 6d. Tower of London—Ancient armour, &c. Open daily, 1f till 4. Is. PICTURE GALLERIES. Bridgewater Gallery—Cleveland-square. Cards to view may be obtained from Mr. Mitchell, Old Bond-street. British Artists—Suffolk-street. April to July. is. Masters, June, July, and August. is. Buckingham Palace Pictures.—May be viewed by an order from the Lord Chamberlain. Cartoons of Raphael—South Kensington Museum Mon day, Tuesday, Saturday, free ; other days, 6d. Crystal Palace—Sydenham. Modern Pictures and Sculp- ture- is. Dulwich Gallery—Dulwich. Chiefly Flemish and Dutch Pictures. Open free daily, ex opt Friday. Flagman Gallery—tniversity of London, Gower-street. Foundling Hospital—Guildford-street. Open Mondays, 10 till 4. - Gallery of Ancient Maaters-49, Pall. is. Greenwich Painted Hall—Greenwich. Mondays and Fri days Free: other days, 4d. Guildhall—City. May be seen on application to the haC keepen Hampton Court Palace.—The galleries are open free aaily except on Friday. Monument—Fish-street Hill. Every day. 6d. National Gallery—Trafalgar-square. Open free, Mondays Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Batz.rdays. Trinity House—Trinity-square, Tower-hill. Models of lighthouses, &e. Daily, 10 till 4. Tussaud's Waxwork--. 58, Baker-street. Open daily till 10 p.m. ls. SUBURBAN PLACES OF RESORT. Cremorne Gardens—Chelsea. ls. Crystal Palace ?ark—Sydenham. Open daily, ls.; Satur days, 2s. 6d. Greenwich Park—Greenwich. °non frAe Hampton Court Gardens.—Open free daily. Highbury Barn and Gardens -Highbury. 6d. and is by refreshment tickets. Kew Gardens—Kew. Open free, daily at one o'clock Richmond Park—Richmond. Open free, daily. Rosherville Gardens—Gravesend. Open daily. 6d. Royal Horticultural Gardens—Kensington. Admission by numbers' order. BUDGET OF MISCELLANEOUS.—New York is shud dering over the knowledge, just received, that nine hun dred gallons of nitro-glycerine were carted through its streets the other day.—There is an old log sticking in the Mississippi River, near St. Louis, that has already sunk three vessels, damaged two others, and cost 8220,000. A, number of immigration agents are at Denver, Colo rado, making y reparations for the arrival of colonists in the spring. A large immigration is expected.—Both Houses of the California Legislature have passed a bill repealing the Act allowing the carrying of concealed deadly wea pons.— A civilized Indian has opened a pawnbroker's shop in Chicago.—Cincinnati is to have a "Great International Singing Festival" next June.—At the funeral of Miss Hattie S. Putnam, at Chester, Vermont, six young ladies, appropriately dressed for the occasion, a cted as pall bearers, and sang a dirge at the grave. Of 6,658 persons confined in the Pittsburg "lock-up" during the past year more than 5,500 were under the influence of liquor.—The richest gold mine in California last yearyielded a profit of $310,000. —The steamship Ontario was sold at Boston, Feb. 7, to satisfy claims of bondholders. The sale was by auction, and the vessel brought s2so,ooo.—The .abstract of the condition of the New York National Banks, at the close of business on Jan. 22, shows resources and liabilities aggre gating 6421,903,477. The specie amounted to $36,888,141. —lt is proposed to sell the Brooklyin navy yard. The site, it is said, would bring $20,000,000. We understand that an American has bought her Majesty's dockyard on the Thames, a few miles from London, but at a very diffe rent price.—Fifty out of a hundred students at the Minne sota State University are women.—The United States steamer Leyden, Randall commanding, arrived at Port land on 11th Feb. from Boston, to convoy the monitors, liliantonomah and Terror, which sailed on S unday, Peb.l3. A large auction sale of commonwealth lands on the Black Bay was made in Boston, Monday morning, Feb. 7, the total amount thereof being s97,6lB.—Boston'has 14 sav ings banks, whose deposits, on Oct. 30, were $33,102,564. The deposits and surplus earnings of the saving banks of Massachusetts on the same day were $114,801,608.23 equal in amount to the value of all the corporate capital invested in cotton, woollen, iron, and leather manufac tures; nearly double the appraised value of all the rail ways, and exceeding by thirty-five million dollars the capital of all the bias of discount in4bis State last year. A NEW OPENING FOE INVESTMEN7. One of the most legitimate English modes of busi ness, alike profitable and useful, appears never to have been applied to the United States, though of proved value as regards the colonies. We presume it will be granted that there is a surplus of capital in England, and a difficulty of selecting sound se curities offering what may be considered a fair interest. It will also be granted that there are parts of the United States rising in wealth and popula tion with unequalled rapidity, the want of money to conduct the increasing business in these towns far outstripping the supply. Such a place, for in stance, is California, where cash advances could not be procured, if covered by real estate and British Consols as well, each equalling the loan in value, under 12 per cent. per annum. What could be raised in England at 4 percent. command in San Fra ncisco three times th atinterest, a ratio that may be taken in the West as a fair average. Therefore, on the ,ne hand, there is a dearth of capital in that place recognized as the most prosperous city in the world, with the most brilliant future ; and, on the other, a stagnation and consequent glut, money for years hanging like a drug on the market. The question "s —Could not the means be found of bringing Lon don and San Francisco financially together to their mutual benefit? What has been done for New Zealand and Australia, with profit to all concerned, might surely be accomplished for San Francisco—a far finer market for the employment of capital than any at the antipodes. The principle applied to those colonies would be found to answer admirably for the Pacific States, and it commends itself for its simplicity and practical utility. When men desire to raise money for any enterprise in a foreign city they are apt to proceed to London, and draw vividly on their imagination in describ ing the advantages offered. As the English have suffered from the practice, they naturally view with suspicion all such proposals. The most legitimate and a regular " wild-cat" stand on much the same foot ing, for Europeans are unable to distinguish between them, and know little or nothing of the value of the names which guarantee the statements. Consequently the legitimate enterprise is confined to the American city, and if certain to be enormously profitable can perhaps get the capital required, while the " wild-cat" seeks its fortune abroad. This system is a glaring mistake, for it is not the enter prise that ought to come for the money, but the money that ought to go to the enterprise. What we mean is, that trusted agents of the lenders should be sent to work on the spot, and that loans should never be advanced for any enterprises at the risk of the English lenders, but on securities which their agents may pronounce to be absolutely safe. It would not pay a very large dividend simply to loan money in San Francisco through such machinery at 12 per cent., for the expenses both in London and in California would make a considerable hole in the profits. There is, however, a large class in Eng land who desire a regular half-yearly dividend pay able in London, the amount of which they know, and on which they can rely. It would not suit the pockets of such investors to await remittances from San Francisco or to risk diminished incomes through trade losses; and it is by them that Trust and Loan Companies make their profits. On the strength of the amount paid-up, of the subscription and the balance remaining unpaid, as well as the mort gages taken by the company, and the security of all itsproperty, they take up the issue of 7-year debenture bonds bearing 7 per cent. per annum. This money in vested on the security of real estate in San Fran cisco realizes to the company 12 per cent. ; hence as long as the interest of the mortage is duly paid, a balance of 5 per cent. less working expenses is the profit of the company. So long as these debenture bonds command confidence and are freely taken, the operations of the company, unless its agents are dishonest, must be in a high degree remunerative, and the gain to such a city as San Francisco is even greater. Enterprises likely to benefit the commu nity,as well as the individuals who undertake them, can be carried out, for the means could be supplied through a trust corporation at what in California is considered a reasonable rate of interest. The owners of land property in that city may be willing to mortgage it at two-thirds of its value, while un willing to force its sale at a sacrifice, and one of the great benefits a Trust and Loan Company confers on the community is thatitthus sets free capitalother wise locked up, and gives a broader scope to sound business. We have before endeavoured to excite at tention to this profitable means of investment, as one singularly calculated to do good. San Fran cisco is within telegraph communication of London. It is the growing centre of Pacific commerce, whence now, or will shortly, radiate steam lines northward to Sitka, southward to Valparaiso, west ward to China, Japan, the Sandwich Islands, and the Australias, while it is the western terminus of the great transcontinental railroad. Such a business, as we suggest, is peculiarly calculated for that rising city ; but there are other American towns wherein English money could be similarly used, and, perhaps f as profitably to all. As, how ever, California presents the widest field, we would like to see the experiment, if such it can be called, tried there first, confident, as we are, that it will open a new channel for business.—Anglo-American Times. Bank of France. PARIS, Feb. 24. The following is the return of the Bank of France for the week ending to-day, together with the cor responding figures of the previous account : DEBTOR. Feb. 24. Feb. 17. fr. c. fr. c. Capital of the Bank.... 182,500,000 182,500,000 Profits in addition to Capital (Art. 8, Law, June 9, 1857) 7,044,776 02 7,044,776 02 Reserve of the Bank and its branches 22,105,750 22,105,750 14 Reserve of landed pro- . _ party 4,000,000 4,000,000 Notes in circulation Banknotes to order and receipts payable at sight 42,659,297 62 41,924,322 24 Treasury account cur rent creditor 166,417,086 15 153,480,915 16 Current accounts, Paris 303,951,102 71 308,425,453 66 Do. branch banks 47,145,791 43,256,499 Dividc nis payable 1,991,541 2,129,145 Discoioats and sundry interests .. 3,196,794 12 2,967 , 133 3 2 Rediscot nted the last _ _ ___ _. ix mc nt 1,305,522 15 1,305 , 52 2 15 shs Surplus of re)eipts not distributed - - Sundries Total CREDITOR. Feb. 17. Feb. 24. Oath in hand and in fr. c. fr. c. Branch banks Commercial bills over due - 255,488 15 123,749 19 Commercial bills dis- counted, not yet due 294,855,193 07 292,759,689 61 Do. branch banks 290,866,997 282,802,571 Advances on deposit of bullion 10,856,900 12,116,800 Do. branch banks 1,462,500 1,682,400 Do. on French Public ... Securities 19,219,300 18,944,600 Do. by branch banks 7,919,750 7,775,950 Do. on railway shares and debentures 39,412,500 —39,421,5 W Do. branch banks Do. on Credit Fencier Bonds Do. branches 1,249,100 1,211,000 Do. to the State (Con vention, June 10, 1857) 60,000,000 60,000,000 Government Stock ro- serve 12,980,750 14 12,980,750 14 Do. disposable Rentes Immobalisees (Law, June 2, 1857) 100,000,000 100,000,000 Hotel and furniture of the Bsuk and landed property branches 9,082,030 9,082,890 Expenses of manage ment 275,678 40 474,888 58 Sundries Total Certified by the Senator-Governor of the Bank of France. (Signed) RoULAND. Though Fort Clarence, at Rochester, is to cease to be used generally as a military prison at the end of.the present month, most of the officers receiving superannuations, a few prisoners whose terms of imprisonment are short will still remain at the Fort till their expiry, the officers left in charge being a chief warder and an assistant warder, MONETARY REPORTS—Yesterday. The Stock Exchange markets to-day have been charac terised by an increased amount of animation. Railway stocks have been dealt in to a fair extent, whilst for foreign bonds there has been a healthy inquiry, and an almost general advance has ensued. In the market for telegraph shares, however, there has been a continuance of depres sion, Consols have been firm at 92, 92i for money, and the 9th i natant, and 92, 921 for the April account. Reduced and New Three per Cents 910, 91} ex. Ban k stock has marked 241, 243. India Five per Cents have been done at 1111, 112, and India bonds at 205., 255. prem. Exchequer Bills, (March and June) 2s. dis., 3s, prem. Indian railway stocks have changed hands quietly, but prices have been maintained. In Canadian shares the business doing has been on a moderate scale. Grand Trunk have been firm, and Great Western have risen Foreign shares have commanded a fair amount of atten tion. South-Austrian and Lombardo-Venetian have been dealt in at 191. The money market to-day has been without feature of importance. The demand for accommodation has 11(4 been active; but as the supply of capital has been limited, the rates have been firm at 3 per cent. for three months' paper. As the tendency on the Continent is to lower rates, a return of ease on this side may b ° e-zpected. _ _ There have been no bullion operations at the Bank t °- d ty. The transactions since last return comprise the p.irchase of £7,000 in bar gold. _ The Excelsior, from Auckland, has brought £15,000. Conslderable firmness has prevailed in the market for foreign bonds. The absence of any complications in the East, assisted by the prospect of cheaper money, has f°B - speculation in Egyptian and Turkish securities, an d an advance has ensued. Italian and Spanish also have participated in the improvement, and have risen in syln' pathy. The alterations have comprised an advance of 1 in Brazilian, of in Egyptian, New Grenada, and Turkish' of tin Peruvian (1865), and of in Honduras. The Russian scrip is quoted at 3i, 3 prem. • American securities have been flat. The Five-'Twen t y and Ten-Forty Bonds have fallen t, Atlantic and lllluni 4 Bonds and Erie shares t. A full average business has been transacted in Englis h Railway Stocks. Great Western opened firm, at 66 to 661, or at a further improvement of t, but realisation s of profits producing a reaction, relapsed to 65 1 3 to 65k, bu t subsequently recovered it. Midland has been firm, and better, and Metropolitan has risen to the extent of 5 , whilst Caledonian, London and Brighton, and North' Western each present an enhancement of As regards Bank shares Imperial Ottoman have been firm, at an advance of the quotation being 3i, 4 pron. London and Westminster have been steady. Mining shares have been without movement of inaPal" tance, and the demand for them has not been active. For Telegraph shares the demand has been restricted . Anglo-Americans have fallen but British Indian Sub marine have risen *. Hooper's Telegraph Works shares have been flat, 3t about par. Telegraph Construction have fallen 4 i an d India Rubber shares 4. In miscellaneous securities the business doing has been moderate, at about previous quotations. _ Biddings for £387,500 in bills on India have taken pla ce at the Bank to-day. The amounts allotted have been Calcutta, £352,700 ; and to Madras, £34,800. T he minimum price was fixed at is. 11d. Tenders at is. 1 1 1' will receive 63 per cent. The result shews a falling off in the demand for means of remittance to the East. The Dorian, from New York, has brought £36,820. Fifty and sixty guineas prem. have been paid to-daY °ll the City of Boston, from Halifax. The Elbe, for the West Indies, has taken out £17, 69 in specie. The Geelong has arrived at Galle with £352,000 il l Australian gold for England. The Board of Trade returns just published bear favour' able evidence of the development of trade during t he month of January. In that month the export of British and Irish produce and manufactures amounted to £13,923,185, against £13,621,114 in 1869, and £12,25 2 , 638 in the previous year. The shipments of cotton goods sheNv* falling-off ; but whilst a slight increase is noticeable in thee ° of woollen manufactures, the export of iron and unwrough‘ steel has been about 20 per cent greater than at the O ° r ; responding period in 1869. The computed real valu e the articles imported in the month of December 08 6 £33,546,89G, against £ 38,881,332 in 1869, and 225,83 6,17 a in the previous year. In the whole year they amowiteA to £250,617,820, against £249,142,583 i n 1868, aid £234,453,717 in 1867. The directors •of the Rock Life Assurance Con l l l3ll announce a dividend of 2s. 6d., and a bonus of is. 6d., P e ' , share for the half-year ending the 28th ult. The directors of the Van Diemen's Land Company, out of an available balance of £1,333 recommend a dividend ° 2s. 6d. per share. At Mark-lane to-day the supply of wheat has be es limited. The demand has not been active, but prices 115116 ruled firm. Spring corn has been dull. The traffic returns of the Midland Railway for the l'i'e es ending February 27 present a total of £69,137, being increase of £7,587 on the corresponding period of 1869. MARKETS'—Yesterday. LONDON CORN EXCHANGE, WEDNESDAY.—From ESS e Kant only moderate supplies of grain have b e en recei v ed. Ther e been been a fair attendance of mill e rs, but the business doing has beat limited, at the rates current on Monday. With foreign " o va the market has beea moderately supplied. Sales , o ;e1 progressed slowly, at the late quotations. With "ow the market has been moderately supplied. In all " e r jecg• tions the transactions have been restricted, at late ,_F eb. a Malt has been dull, on former terms. Oats, of w w ,bon t m xlerate supply has beep on sale, have moved off quietly, at t est. previous currencies.. Beans and peas have been in limited re 1 X 16• Flour has command d but little attention, on former ;' ,l OO/ Arrivals.—E ng li s h an d S co t c h : w h ea t, 680 ; barley, 3:/ ; malt beans, 170; and pea s , 70 qrs . F ore i gn : b ar l e y, 4,jto ; oats, 1,4 g and flour, 241 sacks. Dog ° METROPOLITAN MEAT MARKET, WEDNESDAY , : bee' supplies have been on sale. For all descriptions the trade. has O. dull, and there h as b een a tendency to lower rates. Beef, from 25 to 4s. 6d.; mutton, Is. Bd. to 4s. 10d.• veal, 4s. Bd. to ss. 4(1. ; e. 4s. 2d to ss. Bd. ; an d lamb, 7s. 6d. 'to Bs. per 81b. by the Gare n ' bo p BOROUGH HOP MARKET, W EDNESDAY. —I n the 00 market the transactions have been to a very moderate extent" t hat sam;#les have maintained late quotations, but the value of qualities has had a drooping tendency. Mid and East Kents , lOs £l3 ; Wealds, £6 to £3 ss, ; S ussex , X.. 5 15s. to £7 ; Ba var ians, to £lolos. ; French, £5 ss. to £7 ; Americans, Xi 105. to £6, yearlings, 41155. to £3 10s. per cwt. LONDON TRADE REPORT, WE D N ESDAY. — Th e m a ' s o has been firm, at 465, to 465. 3d. spot ; Marcia, buyers ; 435. 9d . last three months. LONDON PRODUCE MARKET, WEDNESDAY.—Sugar h btu quiet, but unaltered, Coffee has been firm, owing to the supplies. Middling to good middling Rio, 635. to 70s. The ? ,00 11 Sales of tea have passed off quietly, at unaltered prices. o ° i sound congo, ls. id. to ls. beel LONDON METAL MARKET, WEDNESDAY.—Iron has quiet. Tin has been firm. ma'rm. Straits £ll9 cash. Copper has co ' _ _ more attention at £66 15s. for Chili bars, per LONDON OIL MARKET, WEDNESDAY. —Linseed oil ba ss naof quiet, at 31s. 9d. spot. English brown rape, on spot, 41s. 91 - oils inactive. yel LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, WEDNESDAY.—The - has been quiet. Sales, about B,uoo or 10,00,0 bales, AM3TLRDAM, MARCH I.—Bancl tin firm. Buyers, 70k. • Hit..7RE COTTON MARKET, MARCII 2.—Cotton 4WeN 0r1t..0. 136, easy. Good ordinary, 131, sellers. 2 08 A rArExr CASP.—A patent cas e h as b een heard J l3. 4 .her court of Vice-Chancellor Stua r t, i n w hi ch some fea'4o manufacturers of Pans sought to restrain „, / 0 artificial florist, of Criprlegate, named Fisher, infringing a p a t ent for improvements in w e 'tlie hing feathers. The patent was for discharging ice natural colo urs o f f eat h ers so as to fit them to rece44 artificial colours. There had been proceedings at P is ig n • in whi c h th e p l a i nt i ffs had succeeded. They failed, P-tis ever, in this appeal, as the Vice-Chancellor was n ot sa i fy fled with the validity of the patent, which did not eP ee the salts employed. A DISPUTED WILL CASE.—In the Probate Court on -„o nesday morning, a case w hi c h i s expec t e d t o occupY , l'uto three or four days commenced. The pr o p er ty i n disl g o is stated to be worth £120,000. Th e execu t ors o f the n t, John Hutley, a cheese factor and p rov i s i on ag e ol propound the will, which is opposed o n the gr° i 4 of undue influence and incapacity, andtthere,„ e , of also a plea that the deceased did not know or appr°' ‘ , o l, its contents. The Attorney-General, the Solicitor-(Glen s e, Dr. Deane, Q.C., Dr. Spinks, Q.C., Sejeant Ballan," go Dr. Tristram, and a large number of junior couneel.mo engaged in the case.' In opening it, Sir John Colei:l t " b o stated that the testator was a man who began life w l „ ie very small sum of money, and by hie shrewdness an,,L', 0 dustry he amassed the large fortune named above. 1 : 1 1110 will of 1861 his sister (one of the parties who dispute' bet will now set up) was resid u a r y l ega t ee ; b u t i n Nove°ols 1865, Mr. Hutley married, and in a will made a IO N & afterthe event his wife was appoi n t e d res id uar y leg? There were a large numb er o f w it nesses t o b e exaZe ll ree " A GERMAN BARON AND A DIVORCEE.—In the Div i io Court, the case of " Rawlings v. Rawlings and 101 l Voght " came on for trial. The petitioner, an Beg l oo doctor, married the respondent, a German lady, „ fi ts had been divorced from her husband. Soon afteror gt they visited various cities on the Continent, and ho Cologne made the acquaintance of Baron von Voght,, s ,et was an officer in the Russian army, the co- re sposu,o in the suit. Mr. Rawlings, for the sake of his health , ; n ct obliged to go to Jersey, and his wife returned to SP l ''•von he had not seen her since. Abundant evidence was g l 4O of the adultery, and Lord Penzance made a decree " for a dissolution of marriage. BIRTHS. GoLnsMrrU -On the Ist inst., at Croydon, the wife Of 13. Ralph Goldsmith, of a son. ;fa of O SWALD —On the Ist inst., a t R e dhill , S urre y, the Herbert Oswald, of a son. MARRIAGES. Tole ° EDWARDS CLOW—At Trinity Church, Ifarylebone,. - L. Edwards, of Esq., of 83, Great Tower-street, tharine Mary, second daughter of Leonard Clow, of 9, Fitzroy-street, W. T i tit." NEWDIGATE LE/GR—At St. John's, Paddington, to ,is Colonel Fra nc i s N ew d ga t e , late , oldstteatn Guar - , 01 4 the Hon. L. Geo r gi na Lei g h, daughter of the late Leigh. DEATHS. N B A MHSTErfiI—On the 27th ult., at Mansfield House, Cumnock, Sir James Monteith, Bart., of Closebur% or t. LIGHT -On the 2d inst., at Upper George-street , ."0.8 man-square, Charlotte, wife of Sir Henry Light, -I°.• London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM AND I/ 2 0 di of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE Sux Office, O. 112, 6. ',...0 in the Precinct of the Sayoy, in the County of m iddies°. Thureda,y, March 3, 1870.; '* ~-~ . R l