The Sun. — London, England, 1828-07-26 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Another Report has been made by a Coinmit tee of the House of Commons rsti the pressing topic of the Poor Laws, front which an extract will be found in another column. The branch of the subject to which the Report refers is that of eking out the wages of labour, whet! judged in. sufficient to maintain the labourtr, by an allow ance from the poor-rates. This Israelite, which had been long observed and highly disapproved of in certain districts, was proved by a Commit tee in 1824, of which Lord J. Russell was IC:wino-an, to be veky general, and to constitute a great and increasing .evil. Its degrading effect on the class of labourers, in making them all paupers, by fbrcing them to come on the parish for a part of those wages to which they are fully entitled from their employers,---by paying for their work, not according tSj it s value in the market, but accordiug to the numerous family or indolent habits of the party,—by compelling them to incunalser themselves with family rela tions which they dislike, in order to plunder snore effectually those whom they tonteive bound to support them without a rderenceAo their in dustry or good conduct i ,, --- has been fully proved, and is generally - acknowledged. In this respect the present 'dtmument does little else than repeat the Conclusions of the Commission of 1824, 'ettli the additional notification that the putt:tree has not diminished fit those coun ties where it then existed, and that it as ex tended to others which it did not then afflict:— The great difficulty was to suggest a re me dy, a difficulty which unhappily the Committee of 1824 was unable to conquer. In cases where the practice had become general, habitual, and inveterate, the only alternative seemed to be to refuse all assistance to able-bodied men, com pelling them to rely upon themselves for support, whether their labour was in demand or. net; or to support entirely by the parish-rates those who claimed parish assistance on account of their fa mily incumbrances or temporary illness, leaving the rest to enjoy, without competition from pauper labou r , t natural rewards of their ,in dus;ry. The former plan would create into lerable distress, and could not be carried into execution ; the latter seems to be recommended by the present Committee. The result of their recommendation would be, to increase the burden of parishes, by making them support a pauper population, without having the benefit of cheap labour. For this evil the. overseers would, of course, constantly endeavour to relieve the rates or the rate-payers, by employing the persons thus placed at their disposal in such a manner as to compete with the independent labourers, and to reduce their wages•so far as to he inadequate for their maintenance. We- shall afterwards recur to the subject.—Tinzes. The Meeting of the Silk Manufacturers the other day was rather of a rude character. It would appear that a. certain number of people were resolved that no one should say a word in opposition to certain resolutions, without being clamoured •dowo. It' a measure will not bear any thing being said in opposition, it cannot be called a good measure. The old complaint Was made of a stagnation of trade and a depreciation of price, and that purchasers would purchase nothing hut " jobs ;" that is, goods under the fair price. But those sorts of complaints have been made time immemorial by manufacturers - The cause for the present depression of the silk trade—if there be a depression, ' , which we-much doubt—is, that there are far 'too many go o d s , made for the consumption. It' would appear; from what transpired at the Meeting, that of late, , a double quantity of silk had been imported. And if' a double quantity has been manufactured, and a double consumption has not ensued, here at once is the cause for the depression, and the fact that " jobs"--4hat is, goods under a fair. price—are alone saleable. Let any one, how-, ever, look back for the last 200 or 300 vears at, the progress made in the silk trade. It com menced in Canterbury in the time of Queen . ' Elizabeth, when the French Protestant silk .Ma nufacturers were driven here, front. that country by the Catholics. It flourished for a long tirhe in Canterbury. It. then found its way to Spital fields, where it remained a great length of time—and where it would have remained, but the Spitalfields' weavers could not be con tent with well doing, they must apply to the Legislature for a law to regulate the price of labour—the mode of making, goods, &c. Noh; every man of sense knows that law applied to any trade will drive away trade to places where there is no law. So it was with Spitalfields; the ' Legislature drove • the Spitalfields' manufacturers 'to Macclesfield, Congletou, Stockport, Manchester, Glasgow, Paisley, and further North in Scotland ; and we believe that the silk manufacture now extends to Norfolk, Essex; the West of England, the mid land parts, as Coventry, &c. In fact, we should think that where, fifty years ago, there was one piece of silk goods made, there are 50, if not 100, made now. It 'is also well known that people who were formerly manufacturers of cot ton now manufacture silk. But the cotton ma nufacturers might as well complain to the Lek,is lature of a falling off of their profits.. Thirty years since a man might realise a guinea a piece by all article of cotton manufacture, we cannot now realise snore than 6d. a piece. Thirty years ago, in silk goods, a manufacturer might realise two sovereigns a piece, who cannot now realise more than 2s. If the silk manufacturers will spread themselves all over - the country, and make twice or thrice as many goods as can be sold at the old-fashioned profits, they must; take .the faz consequences, and come down to fiewc-hioned profit s . In fact, they must submit toLdo,inthe way of profit, as the woollen, linen, cottoo,- h.* steel, and other manufacturers.. Invention o f machinery . and spread of manufacturers have brought dow n th e price of almost all. the manu factured goods of this coot!!!' There•always was, at various periodS, giat depression in all branches of manufacture, and - there always ~Fill he—even prosperity will bring about depression: for if, in one year, trade is brisk, goods scarce, and profits goods the nextsyear a gr, eater' quan tity of goods will be made; .then Conies the de pression, because more,. : goods made , than the demand will' carry off. The only remedy for the present depression is for every .manufacturer to make one piece instead of two ;they would then find that the demand would equal the'sup ply. As to the taxation of foreign silk good s , i they being articles easy t o be smug gled into the country (unlike wheat), we would, we h ad any thing to do with the recommendation to the Ministry, propose such a tax as should' n o t throw the trade into the • hands of the smugglers; and we should think that a tax of .351per , kent: would be high enough ; to which, if charges of importation, time for the outlay of money, ex changes, merchant's profits, and one . thing or other, were added, of 15 or 20 per cent., we should think that there would be quite enough protection for the manufacturers; but if there were not, in particular cares, of course the fo reign silk goods would have the preference, and would be imported ; but, even supposing such . an occurrence, England must scud to the Con tinent, in return, woollen ; cotton, irtill, ot some othtt English gds itt pAyiliettL As to Eng land, it Matters UM; Whether her people make woollen obit, bzi exchange for silk goods, or whether they make silk goods, • and forego the making of woollen goods, in order to pay for silk goods. We hope that the Ministers will always keep in mind the following rile--namely, that on such foreign goods as can lie imported by smugglers, Hever to lay Well high duties upon them as might Induce smugglers to step in and run away with both tax and trade. If Mi nisters give way to the silk manufacturers, these evils will arise-:—smugglers-, coast blockade, laud blockade, thieves, prisons, vessels to transport thieves, hangings, of which is attended with great .expense, that is to be met only by taxation Ming Herald. An Evening Paper states, on the authority of a letter from Paris received yesterday, that pro posals had been made, or were contemplated, by the French Ministry to our own, to admit certain of our goods at reduced duties, provided we would reduce the duty on French wines to an equality with those of Portugal. We confess . we should regard such a proposal as a matter of no small curiosity, for it would be the first, so far as we know, in which the reciprocity system has been met, even in appearance. There can be no doubt that if France accept of any productions of ours for one of hers which we cannot produce on fair and equitable terms, the advantage to each party must be in the direct proportion of their purchases. Wine we cannot produce, and cer tainly there is little in the recent transactions of Portugal which should particularly incline us to favour the austere produce of the Douro at the expense of the bland and healthy beverage of the Garonne. Should the above project have any foundation in reality, we hope Ministers will therefore give •it every consideration. There is only one circumstance of which we must forewarn them. By reducing the duty on French wine, they must look for a decrease of revenue. There is a jest of Dean Swift's about Custom-house arithmetic, which Mr. Brougham has told the House of Commons seventeen times within the last four years, with a view to tickle Ministers into a reduction of duty on various articles, and sometimes with effect. But, though there be some truth in the remark, that in the case of taxes two and two do not always make four, no assumption can be more unfounded than that by reducing a tax we, shall in every case augment our income. The case of wines is one precisely in point. It might have been, imagined that when the duties were reduced there would be a mightily-increased consumption. But bow stands the fact ? The following is the number of gal lons of foreign wines imported for the home market during the last five years : 1823 1821 5,509,36 I 5,111,79te In 1824, the present low duties came into ope ration, and that, combined with the trading mania of 1825, led to an enormously increased importation, which however began and ended that year. , 1825 9,114 0 573 1826 1827 5,869,414 , .5,938,106 It will be seen from the above statement, that though there has bceu a small increase, yet the reduction of duty .has .by no means affected the wonders that were anticipated from it. The reason is Rot far to seek. Wine is drank only . by one class of the community, and that class being composed of persons who have money, or the means of raising it, they %%ill not be kept from their habitual enjoyment by any increase of its price; and being, at the same time, men of Go tne education, and regardful of decorum, they will not' be tempted to exceed their stated enjoy ment, by any, reduction of price. This is the cause why nearly the same quantity of wine was dratik in 1822 as in 1827. A taste for wine, however, might be generated, were it cheap enough to be commonly accessible, and the ques tion to be decided will be, whether the profits of the extended importation which may be expected will cover the the deficiency.—New Times. An article in our Paper of this day, under the head of " Wine Rooms," affords an apt illus tration of the mischief likely to result from the exercise of the power which the Legislature has chosen to confer on • any two Magistrates in the granting of licenses under the Hotel-keepers' Act, and of the ruin which may be inflicted on a numerous and 'most respectable body of men, without ahnost the possibility of their being aware of it until there is no redemption. Against this clause of the Act we protested from the be ginning, as did also the Committee appointed to watch over the interests of the Licenced Victual lers ; but in vain. Certain persons in the Legis lature were determined to make a commence ment in throwing open the trade, and every sug gestion and request for an augmentation, of the number of MagistrateS necessary to grant a valid license was repelled on the frail grounds of the purity of the Magistracy, and the impossibility of their mistaking the intentions of the Legisla ture. There were likewise two other important points which we should have liked to have seen settled on a different basis from what they. now are, and to which we also invited the attention of all parties ' interested in the matter—we mean that no hotel-keeper should have been considered as coming. within the operatiOn of.' the Act, who had- not been an hotel-keeper, and had not kept his house as an hotel, pre vious to January last; and, secondly, that the meaning of the term." hotel-keeper" should have been strictly defined in a note appended to the Act, in the same way as Mr. reel has very wisely done in the numerous Bills which he has introduced to the notice of the Legislature ; and had these' suggestions been attended to, it must be evident to every one, that the case which ex cited such lively. interest yesterday at the Man siOn-hnuse, would never have borne a moment's hearing. To come to the point, however, the case which came before the City Magistrates • yesterday, for adjudication, was not one in which there was, any question concerning cha racter, as in that of .Chapman, or concerning as in th a t of wealth or pove r ty, circumstances of Cable—it was a ., question whether th e whole ttrrot of the Licensed Victua llers should n oti , h open—their property depreciated to an incal culable extent, and themselves and families ruined !—and all this for what ? In order that those who have been 'committing gross breaches of the law for years past, and doing them material disservice, might be enabled.to do them still greater injury This was the real question :at issue; and though, we consider the Legislature. as having been greatly in fault in the first instance, in not rendering the consent of a greater number of Magistrates imperatively necessary to the, validity of a license, and defining strictly what was meant by the term " hotel-keeper," we are frank to own that we cannot conceive by what obliquity of vision an Act which was so gene •rally understood to have been passed for the relief of such houses only as those of Fenton, the Bognor Hotel, should have been con sidered as including such a one as that of the applicant yesterday. The Act was passed for the relief of houses, with the visitors of which residence is the principal object, and, as was justly remarked by Mr. Law, eating and drink ing the incidental; and not for such as that of Mr. Hillary, where drinking is the principal object, and residence the incidental, if indeed it be any object at all beyond the mere time- which the parties visiting it may deem necessary for the consumption of their wine. The Lord Mayor and Alderman Thorpe, who were in such haste to grant a Li cense to Mr. Hillary, appear to have come off second best in the matter ; and to the spirit with which Alderman Thompson and Alderman Wood stood forward in defence of the Licensed Victuallers, do the latter owe the hitherto suc cessful result of their efforts to obtain a just in terpretation of the Act. Both stood forward in the most manly manner in behalf of the Licensed Victuallers ; and we doubt not that through their exertions;such a broad, clear, and distinct mean ing will be imprinted on one of the most indefi nite Acts that ever came from the hands of the Legislature, as will discourage all future appli cations of a similar nature. We shall return to this subject to-morrow.—M orn i ng Advertiser. We do not know that it is necessary for us to make' any further remarks on the circum stances of the Wine-room case at the Mansion house, of which we gave a report in our Paper of yesterday ; but an observation fell from a wor thy Alderman in the course of the discussion which deserves to be exposed and reprobated. The remark to which we allude was, that it would be paying a bad compliment to the Lord Mayor and Alderman Thorpe mere their brother Magistrates to refuse Mr. Hillary's licence. This may be very true, seeing that these gentlemen were guilty of such indecent haste in availing themselves of the authority vested in them by the new Act, as to have induced a belief that they were particularly desirous of granting the licence ;• but the compliment was not a worse one than it would appear was intended to be paid to Alderman Thompson—and even if it had, when the rights and interests of a large body of men would suffer most materially by the compliment, we think it is really carrying courtesy somewhat too far to say that its claims on the atten tion of the Magistrates should supersede those of justice. Compliments, forsooth ! when the compliment would cost a numerous and respec table body of men hundreds of thousands ! Acts of Parliament, it is said, are sometimes passed from flivour ; but it is too much to ask of the public that the same rule should extend to their Interpretation ; and in the present case we trust the Magistrates will keep in view not only the original intention of the Legislature in passing the Hotel-keepers' Act, but the importance of the question on which they are about to give their dceLion. With them, in fact, and with their interpretation of the Act, does it now rest, whether the trade of the Licensed Victuallers shall be thrown open—their property greatly de preciated in value—and the trade itself deprived of that respectability to which it has attained, or whether their rights shall be insured to them ac cording to the intention of the Legislature— and their property preserved inviolate from the intrusion of parties, having no moral claim to share in their profits.—/bid. POOR LAWS. EXTEACT FROM THE REPORT OF THE SELECT COMMITTEE ON THAT PART OF THE roos. LAWS RELATING TO THE EMPLOYMENT OR KELM OF ABLE BODIED PERWNS FROM THE POOR-RATE. " Your Committee do riot undervalue the prac tical difficulty of the course they recommend, but having considered carefully the whole subject, they beg to declare that they have -embodied their opinion in the following manner, as stating the principle upon which they think some improvement may be founded: " That it should be declared unlawful for any overseer or other officer of any parish to make or pay . to any labourer or person engaged or employed in any work, any allowance or relief whatever, on ad count of himself, herself, or his or her family, in ad dition to the wages or emoluments earned from such work or employment. • " That this restriction shouldna apply,-Ist, to prevent parochial relief or allowance in cases of tem porary illness of such labourer or person, or any part of his or her family ; 2d, not to prevent paro chial relief or , allowance being given to any widow, or wife deserted by her husband, left with a tinnily, which she is by her or their labour unable to sup port; 3d, nor to prevent, parochial relief or allow ance to those who, through old age or any infirmity are unable by their labour wholly to maintain them selves and their families ; 4th, nor to prevent paro chial allowance to any labourer or person employed by the parish officers wholly on account of such parish. " That an. charge of money paid by overseers, in contravention of the foregoing restrictions, sho u ld be deemed unfoUnded,' and that:Magistrat e s should have power to strike out and disallow such sums so charged from the overseers' accounts, at their exami nation of their books at the Easter Petty Sessions, in each year, under .50 c. 49. " It is the opinion of your Committee (which, •however, they express with the diffidence that ought to attend on the discussion of so difficult a subject), that were such regulations to be acted upon, a gradual improvement would take:place in the condi tion of the poorer classes in the districts alluded to, and - that a rise in wages would theiefore be the consequence. " Your Committee, however, cannot remain con tented with barely recommending such an alteration in the law and practice on this subject, without tracing out shortly what they believe would be its probable consequences, and considering some of these objections which would at first be made to it. " Under the proposed law, no healthy able.bodied man in employment would have any allowance for his children ; the effect of which would be that, in .the first instance, several of those with large families ,might probably come upon the parish altogether, in stead of- being partially supported from it as at pre sent; but these being taken out of the market for labour, the wages of all the rest would rise until they reached that point which it would answer to the mas ters to pay: at this point it is evident thatall the single men, and all those with small families, would be first employed, in constant work and at secure wages; and in addition to these, such of the men with large families as were the, best workmen, or whom, as trusty men, the employers wished to retain. The rest of those who had very large families would remain as workmen employed by the parish (their children em ployed and maintained by the parish also), till they were enabled, either by their own efforts, or their Children being grown up, to betake themselves to the ordinary work of the neighbourhood. As all the workmen, both single and married, who remain ed independent of.parish assistance, would see that by accepting it, they must become parish workme:i, and controlled by overseers, they would, it i s pro bable, use the utmost exertions of their industry and care to avoid being obliged to have recourse to such an expedient, In this effort (if they were deserving) they would be aided by the assistance and sympathy of their employers, who would be sorry to lose a faithful and meritorious workman. Without any such assistance, however, these men would be much .sided in their struggles to keep their independence, by the rises in wages which would have taken place; as it appears to your Committee, that in many places the plan of paying part of the wages from the rates has depressed the natural rate of wages. The em ployer pretended not to be in want of a workman ; and knowing that, under the practice which pre vailed, such workman would (with the parish alloe.. ance) take whatever was offered him, kept back the demand till the rate of wages fell to 'his own terms. Such a practice is clearly liable in this way to the most gross abuses, and the employers, where it pre vails, have a strong temptation to pay a great part of their men's wages out of the pockets of the rate payers. It will be seen by the evidence of the Rev. Joseph Bosworth, that in Buckinghamshire the wages even of married men with a family were thus depressed. in one pariSh to 4s. per week. In manu facturing districts, such an abuse might equally de-. press the real rate of wages, which would be com pounded of what was paid by the employer, and what was received from the parish. On this point your Committee -recommend a perusal of the ins portaut evidence of the Rev. J. M. Turner, taken before the Emigration Committee, and given in the Appendix to their third report. " In case the recommendation of your Committee was acted upon, they beg to state that the number of labourers thrown on parish employment would, in theiropinion,be much smaller,than is often supposed, because, under the allowance system, few care to exert themselves diligently to seek fresh channels of employment. It. would, however, he necessary for overseers, in the first instance, to provide before hand parochial employment (by contract or other ' wise) at whatever loSs, and to adhere steadily to the plan of exacting a full measure of - real work from all applicants, in which case it is probable that the num bers would soon diminish. Considerable difficulty would perhaps attend the commencement of the suggested alteration, but it seems worth while to make some temporary sacrifices for the sake of re turning to a better system of relief. Hitherto your Committee have been looking only at the imme diate effect of the proposed law, which would be to give to the poor the advantage of the whole real de 'mand for their services, and would directly improve the situation of- those men who did not depend on the parish, by giving to every man his pay accord ing to the work performed by him. In looking, however, to the ultimate effect of such a law, your Committee cannot but anticipate the best permanent results to the poor. It will be evident that, under this law, as a single man will be well paid and well off, so will he see the natural consequence of an im provident marriage distinctly brought before him, in the different condition of the parish workman, which he can compare with his own. If, therefore, he is at all regardful of his own comfort, or that of her whom he wishes to make his wife (whe must share his fate whatever it be), he will wait for marriage till he has sufficient, with the wages he can earn, to main tain a family. Should the independent workman be thus induced to delay his marriage for a short time, the supply of labour being thence a little slower, wages would gradually rise to the amount sufficient to sup port a family in comfort; and in such case the poor rate will fall as the wages rise. Your Committee do not venture to anticipate that such results would i n all cases follow from the alteration they recommend; but they incline to think that, on a general view of its consequences, considerable and permanent im provement might be expected. " One objection will probably be made to the dif ficulty of furnishing parish employment to the addi tional numbers who will be forced upon it. Your Committee cannot but think that exaggerated fears are entertained on this bead, as under the proposed law, they conceive better. wages will be paid than before, and as the total cost of the working classes is paid by wages and poor-rates, the poor-rate must in the whole be eventually diminished by the change ; in addition to which advantages will be the im proved tone and spirit of the workmen, resting on their own efforts, and aided alone in illness, infirmity, or old age. " Your Committee have, however, great pleasure in being able to turn, in support of their reasoning, to practical examples of the benefit derived from the regulations they recommend : these have been found highly advantageous in the populous parishes of Liverpool and Bethnal-green, where they have been strictly adhered to, and the consequences are de tailed in the evidence of Mr. Hale and Mr. Ellis, nexed to this report. " With regard to its practicability in country pa rishes', your Committee can state that it is, and has always been, acted upon in the North of England, where the condition of the peasantry is universally allowed to be the best. Wherever adopted and per severed in elsewhere, it has been found beneficial, though the difficulty of such a task is very great where these abuses prevail in a neighbouring parish, which would be obviated by a general law on the subject. " Should it be deemed expedient to follow the recom mendation of your Committee, they beg to state that the success of such a measure would depend in many eases on the adoption of a well-regulated system of workhouse industry, where a full measure of labour may be constantly exacted, proportioned to the ability of ends individual, and where such proper restrictions may be observed as experience proves to be necessary. Ample powers are given under the present law for this purpose. Your Com mittee can refer to the good effects of such a system in the parish of Leckhampstead, Bucks, stated in the evidence of Mr. J. Brickwell. " The ultimate success of any such alteration of the law as contemplated by your Committee, would depend also upon the degree of intelligence and forethought among the poor themselves; and, on this account, the general diffusion of such au educa tion as may assist and promote the development of those qualities, will be of the utmost consequence, and may be considered as the most valuable and per manent benefit that can be conferred." _ - SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. LIVERPOOL. THURSDAY, Jirtv 24.—High water 27 min. past eight. —Wind N.N.E.—Arrived the Lady Douglas, from New Orleans ; George, Consett, frotri Miramichi ; Pro mise, Shearer, from Quebec ; Richard Walker, Lowthian, from Jamaica; Chlory, Lilgebeck; from Fitilitnd ; Eliza Knightly, Berrill, from Drogheda; "Mary, Mikeller, from Westport. CLEARED OurwAßns.—The George Canning, . for New York ; Thomas, Browne, for Quebec ; Lusitano, .Potsde, for Lisbon ; John Perle, Wilson, for Riga ; Ve. nus, Smith,' for Nenifourulland; Wilhehnina Augustie, Newman, for Stettin; "Pianist Oldham, fur Rio Janeiro ; Wm. Glen, Anderson, M'Millan, for Bombay Jacoba, De Jonge, for Antwerp ; Elizabeth, Harrison, for Arch angel ; Fortuna, 'Nei, for Carsour; Express, Kragh, for Copenhagen: The expense incurred for furniture supplied and repaired for the houses of Lords and Commons, the courts of law at Westminster, and the various public offices, amounted, in the last five years, to the sum of 142.355 E The expense of all houses and apartments oc cupied at the public cost, as residences, by public officers in London and Westminster, for the last five years, in cluding the rent, furniture, and repairs, amounted to the Sinn of 125,4551. The schools which the late Lord GUILDFORD introduced into the lonian islands are in a most prosperous condition. In Corfu, with 48,737 inhabitants, there are three schools, with 239 pupils. Pax°, with 3,370 inhabitants,.l school, with 40 pupils. Zante, with 40,063 inhabitants, 13 schools, with 363 pupils. Cephalonia, 49,837 inhabitants, 2 schools, with 157 pupils. ' Ithaca, with 8,200 inhabitants, I school, with 87 pupils. Santa Maura, 17,425 inhabitants, 1 school, with 75 pupils. Cerigo, with 8,146 inhabitants, 8 schools, with 722 pupils. . _ Total-175,795 inhabitants, 29 schools, and 1,7:33 scholars. GLASGOW CORN MARKE'r:LJitIy 23. Wheat is in more demand, and fine qualities rather dearer. Other kinds of .Grain are steady. Wheat, per 2401 b. s. d. s. d. Oats, per 1•641 b. a. d. a. (1. British, old 3O 0t032 0 Irish ---. new Canada, free......., V 0 31 0 ' Beans, ler 2601 b. Irish Barley, per :1201b. Scottish English 2B 0 29 6 Pease, Scottish ... 17 6 ' ISI 6 Scottish 27 0 28 0 Oatmealiperl4oll). 14 0 16 0 Irish 2l 0 24 6 Flour, per 2801 b..., 45 0 460 LONDON MARKETS. PRICES OF HOPS.—July 25. Kent Pnekcts..—..-- 3l. 3/. Gs, to 1, Lit, Susicx Ditto W. 16.4. :u. 3s. to 31. .Bs. Us. 31. .3i. to J(5. Eescix Ditto Farnham Ditto, Fine Seconds 0/. Oa. 4/. Ws to 2/. 10s. 9/. las. to . 9l. Os. 2/. 12s. to 2/. 10e. 91. las. to Old Duty laid at xjzono. Kent. Dap Stisex Essex Ditto— 6L 5/ 5,;. !I. lii.;. SI. N. WFUTECHA PEL HAY M A RKET.—JuIy 24. Hay 72t. Ott. to 965. Ott. Clover 94h. 0,1. to 115.4. Straw Ol. to :3tis. Ott , PRICE OF OIL. Rape Oil, brown 31/. 6s. Refined --..,„f31 Linseed Oil • • 2 0 Linseed Oil Cake at the Mill, per thousand 10 10 Rape Cake, per ton 5 5 PRICE OF POTATOES. —July 25. New 3/. os, to 3/. 10s. per ton. Middlings PRICES OF LEATHER.. Per lb. d. tod. Per lb. d tod. But to 56113... 20 21 Tanned Horse Hides.. 1.4 18 Ditto-69 to 1561 b... 2.2 ,23 Spins!, Ditto 22 27 Dressing nide, Ili 17 Per dozen. Fine Coach Ilides• 17 9 0 Calf Skins.,. 36 to 4111 b. 19 21 Ct.:,4ll(les, 35 to 401 b. 151 171' Ditto to 701 b. 21 28 Ditto 15 to 591 b. 18 20 Ditto 70 to 801 b., 21 24 19 211 Small Seali, Greenland 18 19 RAW Per Sto»e. $.4. to $. d. Best Heifers& Stlers3 0 3 4 Nfiddlings 2 8 210 (IDES. rer Stone. s. d, tog. d Ordinary 2 0 2 4 Dia►ket 8 0 each SHEEP SKINS. Os. at toOs. Ott. I Shearhogs.... Os. al. to Os. id Polled Os. tki. to Os. Od. Down! PRICE OF TALLOW, - 5i Town Tallow --40 s. Od. Yellow Russia :38s. Od. White 39s. Od. Soap 375. Od. Melted 335. Od. Ditto Rough .......2h. Od. Al', &c. per 112lb.—July 25. Yellow Soap. 74 t ,. Ad. Mottled BO, 0:1. 84s. Od. Graves ...Anne ••••••••••••• `20:4• Od. Good (Id. PRICE OF CANPLES. The price of Store Candles, in the retail shops, 1 s as follows : Candles, per doz. is. Od. to os. Od. I Moulds, per dozen Bs. tkl. PRICE OF RAW FAT, per stone of 81b.--July 25. Price of Tallow (as stated by the Tallow Melters) 2d. COAL NlAlt Adair's 32.. 9d. Bunton Charlotte -__.... 32 0 Dean's Primrose 30 6 Heaton 35 0 Hebburn Slat n Holywell _ 32 6 Killingworth :13 9 Liddell's Maiu . 33 .6 Percy 28 9 Pclaw . _ 3O 0 PontopWindsor.. .. 31 6 Shipcote' 3l 0 Tanlield 32 .0 Townley Willitigton ‘Vylain Walls End Bell and Co. 31 9 Ditto Bell Robson &Co. 3t 6 Ditto Bewicke and C 0.... 35 6 Ditto Brown's 33 6 Ditto Burraton 31 0 Ditto Carr and Co. 32 3 Ditto Clarke and Co. .r 33 3 Ditto Hilda 39 6 Ditto Hotspur ....... 32 6 Ditto Jesmond 34 9 Ships at market, 11.1614-Shi 2?. Walls Ena Newmarch— 345. 3d. Ditto Northumberland 33 0 Ditto Peareth 33 6 Ditto Perkins and Co. 34 0 Ditto 34 6 Ditto Russell's 35 0 Ditto Walker 35 3 Neskani 34 0 Walls End Hetton—....... 36 9 Walla End Lambton--. 36 6 Walls End Lyons— 34 9 Walls End Stewart's 311 9 Ditto Stobart's 39 6 Itussell'sHetton'sW.E. 36 3 Cowpeti Calm Cox Hartley 31 0 2M 6 28 0 Silkstonc. 31 0 Landon 30 0 Marquis Main -----. 2ti 0 Wylam Coasting -- 32 3 Warde's Llanelly S 3 0 Llangetinech Coal —. 3S 0 Walls End Elgin 30 0 Walls End small 20 0 Tanfieldl'rader..--...... 31 0 Durham W. E. small— 22 0 ips sold, 80N—Unsolil, 25 hi. I:1'S DURING 'DIN WEEK Barley, Oats. Beans. COUNTRY CO: Per Quarter. Ashburn Basingstoke Bath Bridgewater Chesterfield —.— Derby Devizes Doncaster Dorchester Dorchester.-- Exeter _ Hungerford Leicester Newbury . Rouisey Shaftesbury Shepton Mallet Yeovil Per Bushel. ihrewsburY 59 58 56 68 48 58 M 56 52 56 51 56 60 69 44 56 53 63 40 60 62 64 48 54 4.8 63 27 32 28 32 23 29 21 24 21 28 21 26 20 24 22 28 24 26 22 29 16 27 91 25 22 21 20 28 18 31 46 51 36 41 39 41, 35 40 40 44 40 48 45 50 47 b 1 42 49 42 40 30 32 19 3U "44 30 2.5 28 30 32 2t 30 23: :32 5S 61) 38 68 44 75 55 58 30 xi 30 32 :01 21 27 472 52 58 52 58 51 60 30 56 s. d. s. d. 8 6 0 28 30 2i 28 26 30 26 28 d. 6.d. 00 00 20 30 22 27 20 2 26 29 s. d. 50 67 :15 40 41 40 40 44 40 42 s. d. s. d. U 0 0 SCOTCH EDINBURGH COF MARKETS. 6N NA Our market was thinly stocked with all kinds of Grain, except Wheat, the supply of which was large for. the sea son, and sold readily ; top price the same as last day, but the general prices are considerably higher. The top price of Barley is lower, but in Oats, Peas., and. Beans, there is no alteration. 'Wheat. First lies Od Second :lss Oil Third Barley. Oats. Pease. Beans. tits tki 2.3 s Od 38s Od 38s Od 32s Od 24s ed 32s Od 32s tid Od 16s lid 26s Od 2tis (Al r. Beef, per lb. ...Os. Mutton (I Veal...* 0 Pork A Lamb, per qr. 1 Tallow, ewt....30 Quartern Loaf 0 Potatoes, 111 b. 0 UCES OF FROVISIONS, &C. 4el. to 08.7 d. Fresh Butter,lb.s.lld. to ls. 4 0 7 Salt Ditto.-- 0 9 0 0 4 0 7 Ditto, per ev.t.7l 0 0 NI 4 0 6 Eggs, per dos. 0 8 0 9 6 3 6.1 OatStraw(ky.) 7 0 8 0 31 3 Wlitit Ditto— 6 0 6 6 0 ii Barley Ditto 6 0 0 0 0 8 Hay, per 0 6 . 010 EDINBURGH MEA: We had a large supply of which sold heavily at last wi rather scarce to-day. L MARKET.--July V. Oatmeal at this day's market, •eck's prices. Barley Meal is Per Sack of 2801 b. Imp. Per Stone of 111 b. Imp. First Oatmeal £l 17 0 . Fist Oatmeal 4:0 2 0 Second ditto 1 15 0 Second ditto Barleymeal 1 12 0 Barleymeal Peasemeal 1 Ii 0 Peasemeal U 1 5 I'ot Barlcy—No. I, per cwt. 135.-2 d, 155.-3 d. lEis.—Peai 1 .145. BIRMINGHAM MARKETS.-JuLr 24. CORN MARKET.—At this day's market there was not the improvement in prices that was expected ; the day be ing very fine Wheat was more plentiful, and met rather a heavy sale at the quotations below, being 2il. per bushel rise upon the prices of 1. - .:st market-day ; every other ar ticle in the trade was quite stationary. Wheat, 6s. 10d. to 7s. 6d. per 621bs. ; Barley, 295. to 345. ; Malt, 525. to 625. ; Pease, 445. to 455. per Imperial quartet . ; Beans, 15s. 6d. to IBs. per bag of 10 score gross ; Oats, Se. to 3s. 9d. per :39 lbs. ; fine Flour, 445. 6d. to 455. ; seconds 40s. to 41s. per sack of 2801bs. REDIARKS.—That we should have had an early and plenteous harvest, with a general reduction in the price of• Grain, was an opinion confidently entertained in this dis trict until within the last three weeks, when such weather commenced as retarded the apparently rapid progress of of the crops towards maturity, and has continued almost without interuption to the present time. During this period the value of Wheat rose from 6d. to 81. per bushel upon previous prices, and the supply gradually diminished. Flour advanced Is. to 2s. per sack, and other articles fully maintained their respective • prices, but no improvement took place, and the -quantity brought to market was equal to the demand. The stock of Wheat on hand, and also of Beans, Pease, and Malt, appear to be as much as usual at this period of the year ; that of Barley and E ng li s h Oats is quite light ; the deficiency on the latter is amply made up by consignments from Ireland, which reach us in considerable quantities, our consumption consisting al most entirely of this description of Oats. Pig Barley, too, in large bulks, and occasionally Wheat, find their way from Ireland to this market.—The present report of the crops is, that the Wheat and Oats are partial, and below an average; the Barley, Bean, Pea, and Tare caps, are a full average ; that where heavy they are more or less beaten down by the weather; in some instances affected by mildew, and here and there a few grown corns may be seen. The grass crop was almost unpredentedly large, the early mown of which was well put together, but the late has been greatly damaged, and, it is feared, much spoiled in the ricks by the rain. The Turnip and Pota toe crops, in their present appearance, promise an abun dant yield. BIitMINGHAJI 8311THFIELD.—The supply of fat Beasts to-day was small, but quite sufficient for the demand ;'. no apparent alteration in 'price. A very limited supply of Sheep, which obtained . a trifling advance on last Thurs. Porkers fully obtained the late high prices, an d 4 day's pric es . L am b i s lo wer , a nd not much in demand. l descriptions are in great demand—Beef, Ptoigs6ifd.al: Mutton, sd. to 61d. ; Lamb, 51d. to 64d. per . pound ; Pork, 12s. to 15s. ; Bacon Pork, 10s. to 11 s. per score. The Duchess of CLARENCE, accompani ed by the Duchess of Martmtozst, the Princess EMILIE of CA ROLATM, and attended by her suite, left her residence in, Plymouth either to-Bight or to morrowThhee road, oyal D Bushy-park, in three carri a g es and four, about seven o'clock yesterday morning , for the purpose of joining her u.nl it is expe c t e d, stop one n i ght on Royal Consort, the Loan HI G II ADMIRAL, at Plymouth. ll ehei r e achmorning. Her Royal Highn ess w ill, on M on day, tR and uw christen his Majesty's ship the Adelaide (lately built), which is named after her Royal Highness. BIRTHS. ' On the 24th instant, InJolinistreet, Adelphi, the ladi of James Ruddell Todd, EAq., of daughter. On the 25th instant, in Saville-row, Mrs. Vernon Smith, of a son. ,N 1%1A1t5 Wheat. FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE. At the Court st Windsor, the 23d day of July, 1828, PRESENT, The King's Most Excellent Majesty in Council ; This day the Right Honourable Robert Adair was, by command of his Majesty, sworn of his Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, awl took his place at the Board accordingly. Crown-Office, July 25, MEMBER RETURNED TO SERVE IN THE PRESENT PARMA- Ai ENT. Borough of 131echingly.—William E var t, o f t h e Middl e Temple, London, Esq., in the room o f th e Ri g h t H on . William Lamb, who hac accepted th e Chil tern Hundreds. Whitehall, July 12. The Lnrd Chorelfor has appointed Thomas Davis, of Abergavennj•, in the county of Monmouth, Gent., to bs Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. Whitehall, July 21. The Lord 'Chancellor has appointed Williantiloyeot the younger, of Kidderminster, in the county of Worcester, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. DECLARATIONS OF INSOLVENCY.. James Cork and Zachariah Banister, Clipiton-street, Fitzroy-spare, cabinet-makers. Isaatt Hainsworth, Church- passage, Guildhall-yard. BANKRUPTCIES SUPERSEDED. Matthew Wood M‘Laughlan, Salford, victualler. Joseph Hobbs, Gloucester, corn-dealer. Thomas Pike, Paddington-street, stone-mason. BANKRUPTS. Robert Edgar, Hart-street, Crutehed-Friars, nine merchant, to surrender Aug. 5,8, and Sept. 5, at ten, at the Court of Cornznissioners. Osbaldeston and Murray, Fenehureti-street. Ralph Cleworth,„ M'estleigh, Lancashire, cotton-spinner, Aug. 7, at six, 8, at ten, and Sept. 5, at twelve, at the Eagle and Child Inn, Wigan, Lancashire. Adlington, Gregory, an Faulkner, Bedford-row; Gaskell, Wigan. John Barlow, Gainsburgh, Lincolnshire, grocer, Aug. 20, 21, and Sept. 5, at twelve, at Monson's Arms Inn, Gainsburgh. Spurr and Leach, Warnford-court, Throg morton-street ; Spurr, Gainsburgh. Jeremiah Thompson, New York, merchant, August 9, 9, and Sept. 5, at one, at the Clarendon-buildings, Li verpool. Adlington, Gregory, and Faulkner, Bedford• row ; Radcliffe and Duncan, Liverpool. Thomas Braithwaite, Kegworth, Leicestershire, wine merchant, Aug. 11, at four, 12, at twelve, and Sept. 5, at eleven, at the White Hart Inn, Ashby-de-la-Zouch, Lei cester. Long, Austen, and Hobson, Gray's Inn ; Snel son, Castle-Doningtoti. Thonvis Clark, Calthwaite, Cumberland, cattle-dealer, Aug. 4,5, and Sept. 5, at eleven, at the George Inn, Pen rith. Mouasey and Gray, Staple Inn ; Dixon, Nordone. Samuel Adamson and George Earnshaw, l'hurlaton, York, corn-millers, Aug. 8, at six, 9, and Sept. 5, at eleven, at the Sessions House, Wakefield. Preston, Tokenhouse-yard, London ; Pickard, Wakefield. John Parkinson, Louth, Lincoln, grocer, Aug. 7, at six, 8, and Sept. 5, at eleven, at the Blue Stone Tavern, Louth. Edmunds, Lincoln's Inn, London ; Lucas, Louth. Samuel Inns, Toweester, Northampton, stationer, Aug. 15, 16, and Sept. 5, at twelve, at the Union Inn, Bir mingham. Holtne, Frampton, and Loftus, New Inn, London ; Bartleet, Birmingham. Benjamin Jones, Tipton, Stafford, cordwainer, August I, at five, 2, and Sept. 5, at ten, at the Golden Lion, Worcester. Collins, Great Knight Rider-street, Doctors' Commons; Kiddertninster. John Briggs, Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire, iron' master, Aug. 15, 16, and Sept. 5, at twelve, at the Rum mer Tavern, Bristol. Evans, .Chepstow ; M`Doanell and Mostyn, Risk; White, Lincoln's Inn. DIVIDENDS. John Winn, Brownsbill, near Citalford, Gloucestershirei clothier, July 29, at twelve, at the Court of Commissioner° —Stephen George, syn. Bristol, sugar-refiner, Aug. 291 at one, at the Commercial Rooms, Bristol—William Ns ham, King's Lynn, Norfolk, merchant, Aug. 19, at ono at the Globe Inn, King's Lynn—John Parsons, St. Cle , ments, Oxfordshire, brewer, Aug.'2l, at eleven, at the Golden Cross Inn, Oxford—Thomas Moss, Vauxhall, pot , ter, Aug. .15, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners--' Edward Tollurvey, Westbourne, Sussex, miller, Aug. Ibf at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners—James Stirling and William Stirling, Copthall-court, merchants, Aug, IN at twelve, at the Court of Commissioners--John Chisholtu , Harwich, Essex, chemist, Ang..ls, at eleven, at the Cour t of Commissioners—Matthew Fletcher, Lime-street•square , merchant, Aug. 15, at ten, at the Court of Commissioneo —George Moore, Liverpool, merchant, Sept. 9, at twelve' at the office of Mr. Richard Finlow, solicitor, Liverpool."'" Daniel Morling, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, grocer, Aug' 21, at seven, at the Black Lion Tavern, Great Yarmout h —Robert Jones, Ezekiel Jones and George Hulme, Mau' chester, iro n -f oun d ers , A ug . 18, at e l even , a t t h e R u Ys Hotel, Manchester. CERTIFICATES.—AUGUST 15. James Nokes, Marsh-gate, Westminster.•bridge.road' victualler—G. Abercrombie Ward, Birmingham, cabinet ukiker—W. Waters, Luton, Bedfordshire, baker—JosePh Avery, New Bond•street, silversmith. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. Cyrus Evans and Thomas Rake, Bristol, confectioner s —Charles Browne and William Shaw, Nottingham, lace manufacturers—Thomas Powtll, sen., and Thomas Powelb junior, Lisle-street, Leicester-square, coal oven-buildera Joseph Stepson and Jones Marshall, Leeds, Yorkshire , linen-maniincturers—Charlotte Court, William Kilvingtoo , and Robert Southeran, Yarm, Yorkshire, brick and tile' manufacturers—William Otter and William Hedges, Rai ford, Essex, grocers—Joseph Pearson and Charles Gros" Oldham and Rochdale, Lancashire, flour-dealers_Rober t and George Tombs, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, tailors —Stuart Donaldson and Isaac Taylor, Limehouse, makers—Elizabeth and Amelia Barber, Liverpool, linen diapers. The Dowager Marchioness of SALISBURY had an elegant assembly of the haut ton. on WednesdaY l evening, at her house in Arlingtou-street. EXTRAORDINARY FEAT.--At the Limerick Race Course, on Tuesday, a young man, named KEAN, from Ballingarry, for a trifling Wager, cleared twenty-foul feet, in a running leap, on level ground.—Cork Consti' tution. MARRIED. On the 25th instant, at St. James's Church, by the Rev , William Phelips, Henry Pester, Esq., to Georgina Macleod , daughter of Lieutenant-General Sir John and Lady Emil,' Macleod. On the 24th instant, by the Rev. Lord Bayning, at St. Mary's church, Marylebone, the Hon. and Rev. Edward Southwell Keppel, third son of the Earl of Albemarle; to Lady Maria Clements, eldest daughter of the E ar l of Leitrim. On the 24th instant, at St. Augustine's church, Wet' ling-street, by the Rev. Dr. Vivian, Henry Salkeld, Esq.', of Stainburn-Louse, Cumberland, to Miss • Jane Peat, t° of Bishopsgate-street, to Mary Ann' St. Paul's Church-yard. On the 24th instant, :at Dover, by the Rev. J. Mauler at Wincariton, Somersetshire, Michell, ltarat hector of Colleigh, Devon, and y 3 o lr ung G eTt r d g a e u P gl e tt a e c i oc • of k William Thomsett, Esq., of Dover. B R a eOv r: W c t k hi ! li So 24nl2 m 4 erset , to Lucy, eldest daughter of Georlo Messiter, Esn• DIED. •on the 21st instant, at Tidwell-house, 13udleigh, Dee/ M rs . Gascsyne, reli c t o f t h e l ate J ames G ou ldi ng , Esq., ° Nun-green, Peckbatn. On the 21st instant, Mr. William Whitehead, of Uppt t Fitzroy-street, New-road. On the 24th instant, at Hormead Bury, Ilerts,• of s ° inflammatory fever,Amelia, daughter ofJames Barnett, Etcl' On the 18th instant; aged '7B, Mrs. Sarah Pooten, lict of Mr. John Ponten, many years an inhabitant' of S'", Clement Danes. On the 24th instant, in Queen-square, aged 15, Mad L Ann Whiteford Metcalfe, second daughter of Thomas ge" calfe, Esq. On the 23d instant, after a few days' illness, of tYPIt i fever, Mr. Edward Inwood, aged 24, third son of Willis' . Inwood, Esq., of Euston-square. „ t ts, On the 24th instant, at Pentonville, aged 30, Sus h' wife of S. L. GiffOrd, Esq. LL.D., and daughter (1 4 f late Francis Moran, Esq., of Downhill, in the county ° Sligo. On the 9th of June l as t, a t M on t ego B a y, J4maieso iu the 26th year of his age, Captain Alfred M‘Bean, 9 ` 5 regiment. On the 24th instant, at her residence in Brighton, M l* Millington, relict of Langford Millington, Esq. of gush ford Hall, Norfolk. PairiTED and PUBLISHED by M. YOUNG, at the „ my -n - q 2.1 No, 112, Strand, London. 1 ..-.. 11 do an, fev , me do the pr; Pa II titr t etrf effel Gle tak t info plai, sp.) find, t /too Pita, T Th e S tt tti A lt . tk;' ( . ti at St el , an lis ba Ha Col pal ha' rlo, At., fit ti h„ Is! 8 41 etr t yar Ri t froi wif