The Sun. — London, England, 1870-06-06 00:00:00

V MOSES and SON supply every description of 1'.4 . clothing, ready-made, or made to measure, for all ages, all occasions, and all classes ; also Hosiery and Drapery, Hats and Caps, Boots and Shoes, and complete outfits for all climates. All Goods marked in Plain Figures. Any article exchanged if not worn or injured. List of Prices, with Rules for Self-measure, Patterns, and Fashion-sheet, gratis and post-free. E. MOSES and SON'S Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset, till Saturday evening at sunset, when busi ness is resumed until Eleven o'clock. The following are the only addresses of E. MOSES and SON : LONDON. CORNER of MINORIES and ALDGATE. NEW OXFORD-STREET, CORNER OF HART-STREET. CORNER of TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD and EUSTON-ROAD. COUNTRY BRANCH BRADFORD, YORKSHIRE. THE GRANVILLE HOTEL, ST. LAWRENC casr-SEA, RAMSGATE, ISLE OF THANET, the most comfort able and " recherche" residential Family Hotel in the kingdom, and furnished from the designs of Welby Pugin. Ball-room, Bil iard-room, and Roquet Lawn, facing the Sea, and overlook ing the German Ocean. LYCEUM THEATRE (under the management of Messrs Mansell). ' THIS EVES ING, at 7.80, HIS OWN RIVAL Mr. F. Charles and Miss L. Morgan. At 8, BREAKING THE SPELL. After which, at ►.30, LITTLE FAUST: Mr. 'l'. Maclagan. M. Matins, Mr. Aynsley Cook, Mr. Odell, and Mr. Wilmot; Mdlle, Debreux, Mesdames Lennox G e.y, Lawson, Lee, and Emily Bolden°. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE Sole Lessee and an..p eret s, Alrs. ^ wanborough. 'llllB EVENING, rt o'c'ock, LOVING IiEART Edward Teiry and Turner; Aleedames Button a d Santley. Followed by KENILWORTH. Messrs David James. terry, Turner, and Fenton; Mesda..es taut ey, Anstis Go.2dall. Met ealfe, and Moore :k: ems VAUDEVILLE THE ATP. STRAN D.- Let , seeß H J. Montagu., D. James, and T- Thorno.—TH IS EVENING, at 7 Pi the New Farce of CUP. BOARD LOVE, by F Hay. Alter which, at E ght o'Clock. a new and original Comely, in i tirec Acts, entitled 'IWO 1/0 -ES. '1 o conclu ie with the new and succe-sful urlesque, by Conway Edwarde , entitled I:ON CARL. tS ; or, The Infante in Aims Supported by Messrs H. J. "Montague, H. Irving; G. Honey, W. H. Stephens, a , d T. Thorne; Mesdames Nelly Power, Amy FaV7Bl t, T. Lay's, and A. NON, ton (her 2nd Appearance at this Theat; e). Prices—Stalls, 7s ; Balcony Stalls. 55.; Boxes, 35.; Upp r Circle. 25.; Pit, is. 6d.: Galltry, 6d. No Charge for Bookimz, j)oors open at Seven. Continence at 7:30. 4. MOSES and SON, 1 ' CORNER of MINORIES and ALDGATE. NEW OXFORD-STREET, CORNER of HART-STREET. CORNER of TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD and EIISTON-ROAD. BRADFORD, YORKSHIRE. MOSES and SON'S PRICE LIST of E a GENTLEMEN'S CLOTHING. Oxford Coats. Frock Coats. Dress Coats. Camb. Coats. Fishing Coats. MOSES and SON begto remind the public .4 • that the cheapness of an article depends entirely on its quality, and they venture to affirm that every article sold by them is considerably cheaper than what can be obtained at any other house in England. F. MOSES and SON'S PRICE LIST of GENTLEMEN'S CLOTHING CONTINUED : Summer Race Business Morning Dress Overcoats. Coats. Suits. Trousers. Trousers. 13s. 6d. 12s. 30s. 10s. 6d. 15s. 18s. 13s. 6d. 355. 13s. 18s. 21s. 15s. 40s. 16s. 21s. 245. 18s. 6d. 455. 18s. 265. 30s. 21s. 50s. 20s. 40s. 245. ORDERS by post are attended to with care and punctuality, and the easy and accurate system of self measure introduced by E. MOSES and SON enables them to guarantee a faultless fit. L - 1 MOSES and SON'S PRICE LIST of X2A. B OY'S CLOTHING : Knickerbocker Eton Brighton Harrow Suits. Suits. Suits. Suits. 98. 6d. 168. 188. 18s. 13s. 6d. 19s. 235. 235. 16s. 6d. 21s. 268. 265. 218. 265. 32s. 328. 268. SOs. 365. 36s. Ns. 365. 48s. 488. WHIT - MONDAY (THIS DAY).-COME EARLY. Open at 9. One Shilling. Everybody and everything. LONDON, MONDAY, JUNE 6. 1870. Among the Government measures requiring to be dealt with as soon as possible after the re-assembling of Parliament at the close of the Whitsuntide holi days is the tentative Ballot Bill introduced by the Marquis of HARTINGTON. The system adopted in that draft of an enactment is the system in vogue at our antipodes. Its one disadvantage is, that it by no means ensures secresy of voting. It has worked satisfactorily hitherto at Victoria. Of the truth of this we have long since had the assur ance of one of the colleagues of the Marquis of HAR TINGTON, meaning the right hon. gentleman the First Lord of the Admiralty—Mr. CHILDERS'S maiden speech, if we remember rightly, on his first entering the House of Commons, after his re turn from Australia, being explanatory of the very system of taking vote by ballot now adopted for application to England by her MAJESTY'S Government. Through the medium of an elabo rate, and rather complicated arrangement of register books, cheque books, and counterfoils, any elector's vote, as it appears to us, can through that system, at pleasure, be traced out and identified. Obviously that of itself is an enormous disadvantage. Again, there appears now in the plan, as it is at present before the Legislature, no adequate guard provided against the risk of impersonation. Added to which there is no satisfactory guarantee, not against the hazard of bribery, not for the punish ment of the voters bribed, but, as we would rather put it, for the stripping of the votes of those so bribed from the roll of the bribing candidate. The The deficiency of the measure in these three par ticulars has happily been recognised by the member for Taunton, who has, thereupon, given notice of introducing, immediately the occasion arises, three very important and certainly very pertinent amend ments. Firstly, " that in the event of any number of voters being shown to have been bribed, treated, or unduly influenced by any candidate or his agents, a corresponding number of votes shall be then and there struck off the total recorded in that candidate's favour." That is Mr. HENRY JAMES'S amendment, with a view to the clearing away of the still possible evils arising from the diminished but still present danger of bribery. Secondly, the member for Taun ton proposes " that the fact of an elector's appearing on the register at all shall be conclusive legal evi dence for twelve months of his right to vote, unless during the interval, he shall become legally disqualified from voting." Thirdly, and lastly, he proposes " that the personation of a voter shall be made a felony, so that any personator can be arrested at once without a warrant, and that the offence, if proved, may be punished by five years' penal servi tude." Whether these amendments will or possibly can prove effectual in securing the secrecy of the electoral vote , , must still remain matter for doubt. But, at the least, they are improvements in that direction. Against the abuse of what secrecy is left to the parliamentary electors, they are additional guards of great importance. What we want in the ballot, however, is absolute secrecy, as well as the prevention of the risk of bribery, and of the hazard of impersonation. THE Mordaunt case assumed a new phase on Thursday. Atter a succession of nauseous dis closures, it culminated in an exceedingly interesting question of jurisprudence—a question so difficult that the judges have not been able to give it any satisfactory reply. On the point whether insanity be a bar to a divorce suit, Lord PENZANCE preserves his former opinion that it is ; Mr. Justice KEATING sides with him ; and the LORD CHIEF BARON takes the opposite view. Thus of the two fresh authori ties there is one on each side. This diver gence is in no way surprising. The question is not so much one of law as of logic. The present law affecting the dissolution of marriage is of no complex character, and the date of its first operation is so recent that comparatively little case-law has accumulated for analysis. The judges had to decide how this somewhat novel question could be settled in accordance with the spirit of the legislative ordi nances, and in so doing they had to rely mainly upon their own reasoning powers, without the aid of precedent. Mr. Justice KEATING holds that a divorce suit against a person is absolutely stopped whilst that person is insane. It would be dangerous, he argues, to decide otherwise, for it is possible that the accused person might be in possession of facts which would counterbalance the most telling evidence. The penalty attaching to this offence is severe ; the social ruin is complete ; would it be fair to decide such an issue in the absence of one of the parties who has most at stake ? A divorce cause is not a mere civil suit, in which the object simply is' to gain damages for an injury. It may not be a criminal suit, but it partakes of the nature of one, and the accused person should have every opportunity of making her defence. And not only is it probable that the insane respondent might, if sane, establish her innocence; but there are certain impediments— such as collusion, &c.—to a dissolution of marriage, even when the primary offence has been committed, and it is possible that the wife, and no one else, could prove the existence of some such impedi ment. The LORD CHIEF BARON holds, on the other hand, that insanity ought not to be an impediment. He looks at the injury which may be inflicted on a person debarred from the benefit of the law by a mere accident—tied to a woman who has lost her status, simply because she happens to be insane. In his opinion th ere i s no ana l ogy between a criminal action and a suit for divorce. In a civil 'action insanity is no bar to proceedings, and therefore it ought not to be in this instance. If the court chose to dismiss CRYSTAL PALACE. -T HE ONE PLACE FOR A SUMMER HOLIDAY. The PALACE of the PEOPLE'S PLEASURE THIS DAY. Palace open for admission from.. .. .. 9 till 8.0 Champion Skaters,Vaulters, Little Rarey, &c. 1.0 Display of Terrace Fountains .. 2.15 Cinderella, the Great Burlesque .. .. 3.0 Festival Organ and Promenade until.. .. 9.0 Admission as usual One shilling. Children half-price. Extra trains as often as required from London-bridge, Lud gate-hill, Victoria, Kensington, and intermediate stations of both lines. Excursions from all parts. Note.—The Grounds in great Summer beauty. Never more enjoyable. CRYSTAL PALACE.—THIS DAY.—WHIT MONDAY.—The Gardens radiant with Flowers. The Park never more beautiful. The specially atti active Holiday Amusements consist of Grand Spectacular Burlesque (produced in great splendour by E . T. Smith), CINDERELLA, or PRINCE FELIXand the GLASS SLIPPER. Characters by Miss Caroline Parkes, Miss Thirlwall, Mrs. Horsman, Mr. J. G. Taylor, Mr. J. Russell, Mr. 0. Summers, Little Rowella, arc. Corps de Ballet and 300 performers. Scenery by Mr. F. Fenton ; Stage Manager, Mr. J. H. Friend. Miscellaneous amusements comprise the performances of the clever Lenton Family, Moe and Good rich, the graceful American Skaters, the Almonte Troupe of Vaulters, Little Rarey, and other popular favourites. Display of Terrace Fountains, Orchestral Band, and Festival Organ daily. Fine Arts and Industrial Courts, Picture Gallery, Techno logical Museum, Statues, Flowers, luxuriant ferns, Round Foun tain Basins, Orangery, Monkey House, and the thousand and one other attractions of the Palace of the People's Pleasures. Out Door Sports :—Velocipedes, Boating, Pony Riding, Rifle Shooting, Archery, Cricket, Quoits, Croquet, Gymnasium, Swings, Steam Velocipede and other Roundabouts, and innumerable other amusements. The Aztecs, Automaton Chess Player, Working Bees, Perform ing Dogs, Views from the Tower, Stalactite, Cavern, Tripede Horse, &c. Admission as usual ls., or by guinea season tickets. Present issue dating 12 months from June 1, at all agents ; Exeter Hall ; and Palace entrances. NOTHING IMPOSSIBLE. AGUA AMARELLA restores the Human Hair to its pristine hue, no matter at what age. 3NO. GOSNE .L and CO. have at length, with the aid of one of the most eminent Chemists, succeeded in perfecting this wonder ful liquid. It is now offered to the public in a more concentrated form, and at a lower price. Sold in bottles, Ps each; also as., 78. dd., and 158. each, includ ng brush. Red Bull Wharf .Angel-passage, 58, Upper Thames-street, Lon don, E.C. JOHN GOSNELL and CO.'S CHERRY TOOTH PASTE is greatly superior to any tooth powder; gives the teeth a pearl whiteness, protects the enamel from decay, and imparts a pleasant fragrance to the breath. Price ls. 6d Red Bull Wharf, 93, Upper Thames street, London. T HEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Sole Lessee Mr, Brckstone. THIS EVENING, at 7 o'cicck, NO SOING NO SUPPER: Mr. Kendal, Mr. Compton, Mr. Eda aid Osborne, Mr. Clark; Miss F. Wright, Hiss Francis, Miss Fosbroke, and Miss F. Gwynn. Aft,r which, at 8 precisely, BARWISE'S BOOK: Mr. Sothern, Mr. Chippendale, Mr Compton, Mr. Kendal, Mr. Bnckstone; Miss C. Hill, Mrs. Frank Matthews, and Miss Fanny Gwynne. And (by desire) A REGULAR FIX: Mr. Sothern, &c. Concluding with A MSS IN THE DARK. ADELPHI THEATRE.—New Company.—New Drama.—At 7.30, FREE LABOUR, a drama, in four acts, by Charles Reade, played by a new company, selected from first-class theatres. New scenery by Hawes Craven. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE, Wych-street, strand. _ S, le Lessee and Manager, Mr W. H. LisToN. Miss BATEMAN as MARY WAR ER every Evening during the week, assisted by .llessrs. G. Belmore, W. H. Vernon, Blake ley, Elliott, David Fisher; Mrs. Poynter and Mrs. W. H. List in. In rtply to numerous applications at the Box Office, and to prevent disappointment to parties de'irous of securing Feats several weeks in advance, Mr. W. 11. LISToN feels compelled to annoui, cc with regret that, in consequence of previous arranve =cuts. the I,r liant engagement o th s distinguished Artiste must POSITIVELY TERMINATE on SATURDAY, JUNE 25. CommencinT with MUSIC HATH CHARMS. Concluding with THE 'VARSITY BOAT RACE. Box Office open from 10 till 5. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVEINING, JUNE (i, 1870. the petition, it ought to do so after hearing all the facts and deciding upon them as a whole, not to stop the proceedings on the threshold simply because of the accident of insanity. Such are the opposing arguments, and the task of striking a balance between them is not easy. Never theless the endeavour must be made. Either decision carries with it a certain amount of disad vantage; the question to be decided is on which side does the balance of utility fall. There it, as Mr. Justice KEATING points out, a danger lest judgments in divorce cases pending the insanity of one of the parties may frequently prove erroneous. The insane person may possibly be in possession of evidence which no one else can furnish, and which may quite alter the bearings of the case. The formation of conspiracies to get rid of insane wives is a contingency which it is needful to provide against. There would be every inducement to such conspira cies. It is, unfortunately, indisputable that some men would so far forget their duty as to regard a demented partner as a burden and a restraint, to be cheerfully got rid of, if her defenceless condition permitted the secure perpetration of such a fraud. This iniquity would, however, be beset by great difficulties in practice. The experiment would be, to say the least, extremely hazardous. And if such fraud is possible on the one side, the principle that insanity is a bar to a divorce suit opens the door to evil practices on the other. The successful simulation of insanity is not an impos sibility. In high life especially the penalty attach ing to the offence in question is so dreadfully severe that any resource would be welcomed, any attempt would be made, in order to escape it. Still more probable is the danger of insanity really resulting from the agony of exposure and disgrace. In such a case the offence may be notorious, the right of the injured person to redress unquestionable, but accident throws him beyond the pale of the law, and whilst others secure the liberty which is legally their due, he suffers the double injury of bondage to an insane person who has injured him. This danger may not be great; but it cannot well be less than the probability that one party to a marriage would invent a fictitious charge under cover of the other's insanity. In discussing the chance of injustice to the insane person, Mr. Justice KEATING seems to have over looked one important consideration—the co-respon dent. This personage figures in most divorce suits, and so long as he is a party there can be little fear of conspiracy. He has as much interest in pro tecting himself as the respondent, and most means of defence will be at his command. If strict condi tions of proof be insisted on, it is not easy to conceive of justice failing. In former times the action (for damages) was brought solely against the co-respondent, and the position of the wife, whether sane or otherwise, mattered nothing. A divorce is even now granted against a person who is. absent, and who refuses to appear ; and although Mr. Justice KE (TING draws a distinction between the two cases, the fact remains that the suit proceeds, and terminates without any consultation of one of the chief parties. The arguments on the question whether a divorce suit partakes more of the nature of a civil or a cri minal action are in favour of the CHIEF BARON. A civil action is an action for redress ; the chief object of criminal proceedings is to punish. It rarely happens, indeed, that any redress for crimes can be obtained. Hanging does not compensate the victim of a murder. The property taken in robberies is frequently lost beyond recovery. In these cases the sole mission of the law is to administer punishment to the offender and thereby terrify other evil-doers. A petition for dissolution of marriage does not partake of this nature. Its primary object is, as in any ordinary civil case, redress. It is to relieve the petitioner of the burden of a wife or husband who is not worthy of the trust reposed in them, to guard against imposing spurious issue on the husband, to give the innocent party the chance of enjoying the domestic happiness of which they have been robbed. It is true that severe punishment to the offender is involved in securing this re dress to the offended. But it is involved only as an accident. It is not the primary object ; and, indeed, had punishment only been in contemplation, the divorce law would have remained unaltered. The court might, in case of insanity, take special precautions against miscarriage of justice ; for instance, it might insist that in all cases of insanity the suit should take the form of a specific charge against some corespondent, thus debarring general plaints of bad conduct, and bringing in, as it were; some defendant to represent the insane person. Stricter conditions of proof should be required. In short, the law directs that the court should "satisfy itself "on all the matters concern ing which the Act provides; and if it cannot so satisfy itself without the evidence of the wife, the simple remedy is to suspend the suit. The whole case should be put before the court, and its decision should give full weight to the consideration that the wife cannot appear. This seems a prefer able course to arbitrarily staying the proceedings. On the whole, the balance of argument rests in favour of the single judge. Two years ago the Derby was witnessed by a young marquis who had been compelled to sell one after another of his ancestral estates, and who hoped to retrieve his fortunes by a tardy success. Another disappointment, further disasters awaited him, and a little later he lay dead, worn out in less than five and twenty years. A year later it was a duke whose losses were the theme of every gossip. He bore an honoured name—a name associated with statesmanship and philanthropy. But the Duke of NEWCASTLE had turned his back upon the path which his father had taken— had chosen a path of his own, the path of pleasure, the path of ruin. He is not dead but he is a bankrupt, and is self banished from his own country. A bankrupt duke—that is a new thing ; but before we have had time to get accustomed to it we have had the spectacle of a bankrupt viscount. As the Derby of 1868 had its Marquis • of HASTINGS, and the Derby of 1869, its Duke of NEWCASTLE, so the Derby of 1870, has had its Viscount COURTENAY. Not that the last of these noblemen was present at Epson' on Wednesday. England is not a place where he can conveniently remain just now. But the Derby week has seen him before the Registrar. He too, like his friend, the ex-lord of Cluniber, is going through the Bankruptcy Court, and a melancholy balance-sheet, it is which he has to send in. Seven hundred thou sand pounds gone—gone to the Jews, gone to Gentile blacklegs, spent on the Epsom Downs, spent in the chaste regions of Panton-street ; due to horsey friends of his own rank in life ; due to his own relatives, who can scarcely hope to see their money again ; due to creditors who have taken care to obtain good security in the estates held by his ancient family for many a century—the estates which the present owner has been toiling hard all through his life to relieve from the heavy burdens laid upon them by a former pos sessor, only to find that he has laboured in vain.and spent his strength for naught. Surely, then, it is no wonder that both the Press and Parliament are beginning to cry out, and to take vigorous measures. The raids upon the betting houses were the first step ; but betting houses of the kind put down by the police are not the places usually frequented by our patricians. It needs other measures to save our golden youth from their own folly. What is to be done ? The Jockey Club is asked to interfere. This is very like asking pawnbrokers to put down pickpockets. Then Mr. HUGHES brings in a bill, but the bill meets with small favour from statesmen of the Lord ROYSTON stamp, who claimed the votes of the electors of Cambridgeshire, because a vixen fox had littered on his father's estate. The bill does not prosper, and is supposed to be withdrawn. At the same time there comes a rumour—a rumour terrible to the hawks—that Ministers are going to take the matter up and bring in a measure of their own. People fond of putting two and two together point to Mr. GLADSTONE'S appearance on the Grand Stand on Wednesday—his first appearance on any Grand Stand, some persons say—and they infer that he went down in order to spy out the wickedness of the land. They are confirmed in their opinion by the strong and unusually censorious tone adopted towards the national holiday and all its surroundings by journals that hitherto have always sung its praises. W e trust that these clever inductive philosophers may be right. We are not democratic enough to rejoice in the spectacle of Dukes in the ignoble arena of Basinghall-street. We have no desire to see the oldest nobility in Europe fall victims one by one to the Affable Hawks who frequent the region about Berkeley-square. i"."^ 4,0111 t 1 • ... ~c,t,:',' 0-' f 6, It . 1 lat ..,.,,, t ,---„,-,:,,,_ ~-„,_,.,:„.._:.„,... , ), i fru it ,s, ~,:..,:,..., ti OPERAS, THEATRES, AND AMUSEMENTS. ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, Covent-garden.—Verdi's Il Trovatore, 8.10 p.m. ITALIAN OPERA, Drury Lane.-11 Barbiere di Siviglia. 8.3 p.m. HAYMARKET—At Seven, No Song No Supper. Barwise's Book. And A Kiss in the Dark. ADELPHI—At Seven, No. 1 Round the Corner. Free Labour. PRINCE OF WALES'S—At 7.30. Quite by Accident. M.P. Dearest Mamma. LYCEUM—At 7.30, His Own Rival, Breaking the Spell. At 8.3 , Little Faust. OLYMPIC -At Seven, Music hath Charms. At 8, Mary Warner. the 'Varsity Boat Race. 0-way—At Seven, First Night. The Princess of Trebizonde. QIIEDN'S—At Seven, kly Wife's Dentist. 'Twist Axe and Crown. STRAND—At Seven, Loving Hearts, Kenilw. rth. VAUDEVILLE—Cupboard Love. Two Roses. Don Carlos. ST. JAMES'S—At Seven, Frou Frou. La Belle Sauvage WOODIN'S CARPET-BAG AND SKETCH B',( K. Egyptian Hall, Pie cadilly, every Evening (except Saturday), at 8; Saturday Morn Tugs at 3. Admission ls, 2s, Is. CHRISTY MINSTRELS. St. James's Hall, Every Night, at 8; Wed nesdays and Saturdays, at 3 and 8 all the year round. ZO LOGICAL GARDENS, Regent's-park. Open daily (except Sun days). Admission, ls. ; on Mondays, 6d. Children under , 6d. MADAME TIISSAUD'S EXHIBITION, Baker-street, from 11 a.m. till S.O p.m., and from 7 till 10 p.m. Admission, Is.; extra 6d. ..., Ir.' - :...i.„ -- 7.:ertic . 1..... ‘ i ' ii—' ' ...,,,,, ~,, Ult. EVENING EDITION. LIP.R MAJESTY. BALMORAL CASTLE, June 4. The Queen went out yesterday morning with Princess Beatrice attended by the' Hon. Harriet Phipps. Prinoess Louise, attended by the Hon. Eva Macdonald, went out riding. The Princess of Wales drove out on Saturday morning, and again in the afternoon. In the evening the Prince of Wales presided at the annual dinner of the officers of the 10th Hussars, at Willis's Rooms. The Princess of Wales attended Divine service yesterday at the Chapel Royal, St. James's. FASHIONABLF, ARRANGEMENTS TO-DAY. Lady Catharine Allen's Dance, at 5, Belgrave-square. The Baroness Moyer de Rothschild's dance at 107, Picca- dilly. The sth Dragoon Guards (Princess Charlotte of Wales's) Annual Regimental Dinner, at the St. James's Hall, Piccadilly. The 16th Lancers' Annual Dinner—appropriately—at the Cannon-street Station Hotel, at 7.30 p.m. The Hurlingham Club—the Annual Match between the Lords and Commons. SCIENTIFIC M EETIN GS —TO-DAY . The Entomological Society, at 7 p.m. The Victoria Institute, at 8 p.m., when Mr. J. Reddie will read a paper on " Civilisation, Moral and Mate rial." The United Service Institution, at 8.30 p.m., when Captain H. Schaw will read a paper on " The Amount of Advantage the New Arms of Precision give to Defence over Attack." LITERATURE A BOOK FOR SUMMER EXCURSIONISTS. Fjord, Isle, and Tor. By Edward Spender. One Vol., pp. 169. Charlton Tucker. To those who know nothing about the localities thereby indicated, the three names constituting the title of this volume will be sufficiently enigmatical. To those who are promising themselves the relaxation of a summer or a little later on, of an autumnal, excursion, without having as yet any distinct predilection for the whither ward of their journeyings, Mr. Spender's work will come—we may safely at once predict this much—as a God send. It will afford them in their uncertainty--what was always so welcome to Sir Robert Peel, and is still often so welcome at times to Sir Robert's most illustrious fol lower (" Peel's head boy," as he used to be called in the old days) Mr. Gladstone—not an alternative, but—a choice between three courses. The three courses here submitted totheir consideration being—Tor, Isle or Fjord ! Cornwall and the Scilly Islands ; the little Channel Group of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark ; or " best beautiful" among them all, Norway. The notion out of which this welcome volume has grown, bit by bit, page by page, through a series of contributions to periodi cals as varied as the London Quarterly and, Meliora and Charles's Wain, is in itself, to our thinking, excellent. It arises simply from our author's realization to himself through practical experience of the desirability of the traveller finding in a compact and portable form, a rapid, graphic, and practi cally useful sketch of the particular country or locality he is bent on visiting. Guides of great elaboration, bulky in form and costly in price, there are, thanks to the encylo- Pcalic labours of the contributors to our proverbial and immemorial Murray. But for ordinary travellers' require ments, there is, as a rule—go where we may -no provision. A book, light when weighed as so much, orrather as so little by avoirdupois—a book light in style when weighed in the balance of criticism, and yet giving us precisely the infor mation about the region of earth we are going to—where shall we find it ? Well, ordinarily, nowhere ! But— in regard to three several directions—in regard to Tor, in regard to Isle, in regard to Fjord—here we have precisely such a work in this charming, yet thoroughly practical little volume from the hands of 11 , 1 r. Spender. It deserves a welcome this book we have so long unconsciously been in search of. And we doubt not it will prove at this moment to many so delightfully apropos, that it will settle for them many a doubt as to whither their hod idvaayl o n o o t w s t e n s s t h h a o l d r w o e o n t d i o — n noofw the i n t s h m e al c direction ha nn l f A r C o o r li n i peelago, now in the direction of Norway and the Nor wegians. The itineraries themselves are to the intend ing excursionist a veritable benefaction. From them he will learn the time it takes, and the price it costs— the ways and the means of travelling. Added to all which the landscapes are often sketched in with a pen, the seemingly careless and accidental touches of which have an artistic purpose and value of their own—the ink they effuse being frequently as radiant as a water-colour drawing from the hand of one skilled in the school best of all describable perhaps as the true Turneresque. Of this character is the description of land of thethegorgeous Fo a j tm rd o , s t p ho atmospheric effects and effects th s o om F e jo r d. es visible in the "We have spoken," says our author, "of Norway as the land of the Fjord, the Foss, and the Fjeld. These are its most striking physical features. They are, more over, intimately connected together. They are successive steps in ' the world's great altar-stairs, that lead,' not, indeed, ' through darkness,' but through beauty 'up to God.' The traveller makes his first acquaintance with Norway as he threads the mazes of the Fjord. Perchance it will happen to him, as it happened to me, to enter one of these mazes when the crimson-dyed horizon was glow ing into burnished gold, when the intense brilliance of the twilight, that was neither wholly sunset nor wholly dawn, but partook of the beauty of both, flooded the whole northern and western sky, while, far away in the south east, the full-orbed moon shone with metallic lustre ; when the gentle breeze of summer came borne with a sigh from this enchanted-seeming land, and laden with the sweet fragrance of its dark pine-forests ; when the very idea of sleep seemed a sin, and every sense was aroused into new and quickened life by the magnificent apotheosis of colour, so infinitely beyond the power of imagination to conceive. Should it be one-of the principal fjords, the traveller will have to pass the greater part of the day before he comes to the head of it. Arrived there, perhaps a hundred miles from the entrance, he will find p a river roaring and tumbling into the fjord over great boulders of rocks. A mile or two farther on he will reach the shores of a wide fresh-water lake, a Vand,' shut in by lofty mountains. The vand is some hundreds of feet above the fjord, which is, of course, on the level of the sea. But beyond the vand there is usually a very rapid ascent. It is, nevertheless, a long as well as a steep climb to the mountain tops. Arrived there after, it may be, more than a day's journey, the traveller finds himself, not on a peak or a ridge, but a wide waste of gently undulating moorland ; this is the fjeld, the reservoir of all those streams which he saw pouring down the mountain side as he journeyed up the fjord. Wittich has aptly contrasted Norway with Switzerland. ' The mountains in the latter country he compares to a ridge and furrow roof ; the mountains in the former to the embrasures of a parapet. The chief difference between them lies in the enormous now-fields of Norway. There is no parallel in Switzer land to the Folgefond. These extensive table-lands, whether on the lower level of the fjelds, or on the higher level of the snow-fields, will not, however, compare for beauty with the views even from the minor elevations of Switzerland. There is not in all Norway a mountain view to be compared with that from the Righi, still less with that from the Aggischhorn, least of all with that from any of the mountain peaks in the Monte Rosa dis trict. In another particular Switzerland carries off the palm ; the chalet is infinitely more picturesque than the rater. The sater can be compared only with the Irish cabin as it used to be in the worst days before the exodus." Altogether the book is one to carry in one's knapsack, or valise during the happy time of our holiday excursion, and to give a place to, on our bookshelves, afterwards, as a most pleasant remembrancer, SPIRIT OF I HE PR ;SS--THis MotainiG, LONDON PAUPERISM. The Times, in discussing Sir C. Trevelyan's letter on pauperism, says there is something better than organising large charitable societies, and that is to limit thei action as much as possible. A large society is apt to become a large carcass, and to be a mere bait to our social vultures. By passing through official hands the gift loses the redeeming influence of personal kindness, and the recipient regards it, not as charity, but as a largess to which he has a right. Some of the most experienced and most sorely burdened clergy at the East-end have begun to ask to be left alone, as a less evil than being recklessly assisted by the West. If, instead of grumbling, or instead of rushing off into a district three miles off in .the romantic pursuit of laeartrending destitution, such people would interest themselves in the poor with whom they come in contact, or would work patiently on Relief Committees in their own parishes the chief difficulties of this question would be solved. In the long run, nothing but steady personal labour in the discharge of personal responsibility, will distribute charity in fruitful channels, or heal the divisions of modern society. THE EDUCATION BILL. The Standard says that the majority by whom the' Education Bill is approved consists of Conservatives, whose votes at elections are always recorded against Mr. Gladstone, of Ministerial Liberals whom that statesman thiliks it unnecessary to regard or conciliate, or of men who, for one reason or another, are not governed by ordinary political motives, and cannot be purchased by poli tical concessions. The opposition consist of those poi ical Dissenters and irreligious Radicals who in every burongh in England form the moat active, compact and thoroughly-organised section of the Liberal party, who vote as one man, and whose abstinence at a critical moment might destroy, r s their enthusiastic support in the great contest of 1868 created, the present Liberal domination, Hitherto the Ministry, under the in fluence of Mr. Forster, has stood firm. But Mr. Forster is a very peculiar character, a politician who rates principles higher than party interest ; a Minister who would be perfectly content to see the Ministry broken up, and to retire for ever from office, if he could first see the main ..bjects of his policy carried out beyond risk of recall. And such a man is so utterly out of harmony with his colleagues—his views and aims are so different from theirs—that there is no saying how soon the influences of party and of the party managers may prevail over his simple and single minded earnestness, and induce the Ministry to insist on a modification of the bill to suit the interests of the Cabinet and the wishes of those whom the Cabinet dare not offend. The tone of Mr. Gladstone's conversa Con on this subject with all who have • approached him differs utterly from the spirit of Mr. Foster's few amend ments, and suggests very sinister anticipations as to his probable course. The Conservatives must be on their guard against a surprise. SPAIN AND GREECE. Thanks, says the Telegraph, to the better management of the officials the capture by Spanish brigands has bad a very different issue from that which so tragically crowned the exploits of their compatriots in Greece. The two Englishmen captured near Gibraltai have been released, and are now safe' again, under shelter of the guns of .that redoubtable fortress, and the result says something for the efficiency of the in ternal administration under the present so-called provi sional system. It is clear enough that the Minister of the Interior wields a power which is felt far from the centre of Government, and that the local authorities want neither tact nor energy in carrying out their instruc tions. The contrast between Spain and Greece could not be more complete. Serrano and Prim may have their faults, but no one, even at Madrid, thinks of accusing them of complicity with brigand arrangements. There is no awkward fighting at cross purposes between members of the same Cabinet, no suspicion that the nominal defenders of the law tamper with its worst ene mies, and no encouragement of bandits as a reserve with which to stir up civil war within the dominions of a friendly neighbour. Spain is making great efforts under serious disadvantages to secure the respect of more stable Powers, and we may welcome every proof that she gives of success in internal administration, as strengthening her claim to stand on terms of equality among civilised Tl:uropean States. NEW LIBERAL CLUB. The Daily News understands that the preliminary arrangements for establishing another Liberal Club are now completed. The Conservatives have set their rivals an example in this matter. When it was found that the candidates for admission into the Carlton were duite as numerous as the members, it was resolved to provide additional accommodation for the aspirants. and accordingly the Junior Carlton was founded. A like scheme is in progress with regard to the Conservative Club. It would appear, then, that if Mr. Disraeli is in a minority in the House, he can muster a formidable majority in St. James's-street and Pall-mall. It is sometimes wise to take les sons from the enemy. The Liberal party may skil fully turn to account the ingenious tactics and care ful strategy of powerful and wily political opponents-. To meet clubhouse with clubhouse is a new way of carry ing on a contest ; but it way be none the less a prudent and wise policy. The day is probably distant when cl'ibs will cease to be indispensable adjuncts to our system of oovernment. MR. COBDEN. Looking at the lucidity and force exhibited in the collected speeches just published by the Cobden Club, the Telegraph observes that we see what England has lost by the death of Cobden. The keen intellect which could cut through the cobwebs of a sophistical morality would have been invaluable last year, when Mr. Gathorne Hardy and the Bishop of Peterborough were branding her Majesty's Ministers as a gang of sacrilegious robbers. Equally invaluable during the recent discussions on the Irish Land Bill would the House have found that wealth of homely logic and of clear statement which sentenced the Corn Laws to death. In Mr. Cobden the Prime Minister would have had a coadjutor of rare complete ness. In one respect, and in one. only, did the efforts of the great Free-trader signally fail. That Manchester school of which he was the leading champion has lost its hold over English political life. Its creed is too narrow, too thin, too much that of the counting-house, to deter mine the Imperial policy of a great people. When, for example, it proposed that England should cut the colonies adrift because they were an expensive luxury, it failed to measure, or even to note, those forces of sympathy which prompt the colonies to seek the creation of a great confe derate league between themselves and the mother coun try. Had he lived a few years longer, Mr. Cobden might have softened the edges of his political creed, and taken his place among those constructive reformers so well re presented by Mr. Forster. As, however, we call to mind the splendid achievements of the Free Trader's life, it h, almost ungrateful to point the finger of criticism at his shortcomings. The volumes published by the Cobden Club are a lasting record of noble work nobly done. To a coming generation they will be a heritage of sound econo mical exposition, and they will be a political text-book to the statesmen of the future. - THE SMALL PDX IN PARIS. The Post has little doubt that the French will not allow the present epidemic of small-pox to pass away without extracting from it permanent results. Perhaps some amongst ourselves also will have the sense to turn it to profit. The only well-ascertained fact with regard to vac cination is that it has lessened the mortality from small pox in Europe by between thirty and forty millions of lives. The mortality in Europe from this disease before Jenner's discovery was half a million a year. But small pox has now been almost exterminated in Ireland and Scotland, and it retains its footing in England only amongst those persons who have not been vaccinated. This consideration ought surely to weigh with the Legis lature against any attempt to lessen the compulsory character of its enactments in regard to vaccination. Against the two hundred and eighteen deaths which have occurred in one week in Paris, only nineteen were registered in the same week in London. This is the hightest number which has been registered since 1868, and the victims for the most part were unvaccinated children. In the face of such clearly conclusive results the opponents of compulsory vaccination have nothing to object except theories which have only a fanciful foun dation. Two generations have come and gone since Dr. Jenner made his discovery, and no proof is forth coming that vaccination has operated prejudicially to the human frame. So far from that, there is overwhelming testimony to its sanitary power ; and when Parliament is asked to withdraw the compulsory enactments on this subject in deference to fanciful prejudices, unprejudiced people have, we must think, a right to call attention to convictions which are supported by evidence. We can not permit the folly of ignorant people to keep the doer open for the admission of a terrible disease. STATE OF ITALY. The Daily News declares that Italy desires and needs nothing so much as peace and tranquillity. Her condi tion is one of protracted convalescence. To the vast majority of her population who constitute the living social organism of the country ; to the population who live by labour and industry, revolutionary riots and dis turbances such as we have lately heard of are relapses into fever. Reckless agitators may dream of establishing a purer form of government on the ruins of the monarchy by means of incessant attempts at disorder, and by expe ditions of fifty dupes a-piece sent to take cities and pro vinces by storm. But they will find themselves encountered and arrested by the indignant good sense of a sober-minded people, who are growing every day more and more intolerant of professional revolutionists, who, when they ask for work and bread, offer them a fine proclamation and a visionary Republic. These obscure follies of an incorrigible fanaticism suffer the fatal discredit of being confounded with the vulgar operations of banditti. It is impossible to believe that any true patriot who has ever played the part of a respon sible statesman in the face of Europe can hope to benefit his country or to attain his ideal by means so ridiculously disproportionate to the ends. No man's name has been more often taken in vain than that of Mazzini. Those who are most ready to recognise his immense past ser• vices to Italy will be the least willing to identify his aims and purposes with the mischievous absurdity of the insur gents who, for want of any other more intelligible title, are described in the telegrams as Mazzinians, and whose exploits even the American Fenians might envy. SINGULAR DISCOVERY OF A WRECK.—WhiIe some men were engaged a few days ago in recovering the wreck of the bark Bristol, which was lost at Padstow, in a severe storm in March, 1869, two sett; of chains, hawse pipes, &c., were found, leaving no doubt that another ves sel unknown must have been totally wrecked with all on board at the same time and in the same place as the Bristol. From all information that an at present be gathered it is Apposed that she was a French schooner or brig of about 100 tons, and had a crew of six men. TOWN TALK. (From the TVestern Mail of Saturday.). LONDON, Friday Evening. Writing, as I do, immediately before the close of the Derby week, my thoughts are not unnaturally of the turf turtj. Insomuch that, when I turn from the triumph achieved by French in glorifying the black jacket, gar nished w ith white sleeves and red cap (Lord Falmouth's colours), by deo2rating it with the blue ribbon, as he rode past the umpire's ctl.2'ir, throned on the pigskin upon the back of Kingcraft_ w h e :l I turn from that supreme mo ment of 1870 to the Court, 1 1:t me say, or to Parliament, by way of relieving you from t 1!... risk of being bored by , another disquisition upon the delight. of Epsom Downs— ' -. I find myself almost by necessity direct/7)k your attention s now to the fact that the King of the Belgial: dined the other day with Mr. Chaplin ; now to the circtunsta.: lce tha t Tom Brown (meaning Tom Hughes. ,M.P. for Frome) ) 1 ° just taken to the new role, for him, of racing reformer wholesomer, fresher breezer than has ever before blown across the Downs—the ups and downs—of Epsom, and of other great sporting localities, we may be quite sure of this, has been latterly setting fairly, steadily, irresistibly, there, in the way of systematic improvement. It is one of those great social problems for which we are all bent upon dis covering and energetically working out a solution. In this direction, at any rate, we are sanguine of, at last, achieving the hitherto despaired of feat—squaring the circle. Namely, by henceforth so arranging matters upon the turf, that all shall be on the square in the ring- Duelling and pugilism have each, in turn, died out among, our lesser and viler institutions, during a comparatively few years within the range of our own immediate recol lection. With a little perseverance in the efforts now making for the reform of turf arrangements, the time may yet come when the black-leg and the welsher may be remembered with the dodo and the dinornis as amongst the extinct species of animate creation. _ The coming of the Easter holidays startled the Legisla ture into the recognition of the need there was for the toils of the session being hastened. A supplementary, and, therefore, a still sterner reminder as to the lapse of time, comes to them in the recurrence of the annual recess at Whitsuntide. All that has as yet been accomplished has been the passing, at length, through the House of Com mons, of the Irish Land Bill, added to the passing through both Houses of the Naturalization Act, and of the Peace Preservation Act as applied to lfeland. It seems almost hopeless, at this advanced period of tis: session,, to look forward to anything more of considerable iimportance' being accomplished in the way of practical legislation. Mr. Forster's Education Bill can hardly be expected, even by himself, to be carried in the teeth of the energetic oppo sition which is threatened to it through all its various• stages in both Houses, until it is perfected at last into an enactment. Then again, there is the Ballot Bill, introduced' by the Government—the which will have, I fear, as . gracefully and as ingeniously aspossible,to be withdrawn as a hopeless . achievement, at any rate, for another twelve month. Of the Licensing Bill and of the Mines Regula tions .Bill, of the Real Estate Intestacy Bill and of the Savings Banks Bill, of the High Court of Justice Bill and of the University Tests Bill, the prospects can be anything but satisfactory or encouraging to the Ministers of the Crown especially entrusted with the responsibility of their furtherance—to the Lord Chancellor, that is, and the Home Secretary, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Even the earnestness of our serious-minded and zealous Prime Minister has failed in the attempt to cram the work.- of three sessions into one. Self-sacrificing though the' House of Commons may be, it has found it simply im practicable to do without its holidays at Easter and at Whitsuntide—as impracticable as to hold sittings on those red-letter days in the calendar, the Derby and the Oaks• The politico-literary sensation of the week has been Bluckwood's onslaught, not with tomahawk or boomerang, but rather than that with bludgeon and knuckleduster, on the "Lothair " of the right hon. gentleman the member for Buckinghamshire. Sir James Graham, once upon a time, spoke in the House of Mr. Disraeli as the Red Indian of Debate, who loved to decorate his belt with the scalps of his enemies. There cannot, at the same time, be any doubt about it that the member for Bucks has, in his clan, had to hold his own against all comers. And hithertor whatever else may be said about him, he has somehow" contrived to hold it ! He has sqrvived the biography of him, penned with a laborious intermingling of dullness and malignity, by that Randal Leslie of the world of letters, Mr. Thomas Macknight. He will, just possibly , also survive the bully-ragging he has received, within the last day or two, from the hitherto faithful Maga- 6 bully-ragging reminding one of the rare old days in the history of that emperor among magazines, when the hands of young John Wilson and of young John Lockhart, were,against every man, if the hands of every man were not against them in the sheer instinct of retaliation. It seems like bad taste, to say the least of it, the reference to " old do," and the talk about " the tinkling as of bells" being audible when next Mr. Disraeli, on rising, uncovers address the House.! That last apparently graphic touch betraying; by the way, the hand of one unfamiliar with his theme, Mr. Disraeli being one of the very men in the House of Commons who, on rising to address it, never have to uncover, seeing that he sits there, as a rule, with out his hat, that is with his hat carefully put away (on hi s first entering the House of an evening) under the central portion of that front bench, to the left of Mr. Speaker, set apart for Mr. Disraeli, as Leader of her Majesty's Oppo sition. Another three-volumed novel from the industrious pen and fertile brain of Mrs. Gordon Smythies has just corn s into my hands, under the title of " Acquitted." Seeing that it is some time since the last fiction, by the author of " Cousin Geoffrey," and of so many other fictions, made its appearance, an eager welcome, I doubt not, will be accorded to her new work, the publishers of which, I ob serve, are the Messrs. Tinsley, Brothers. Mr. Swinburne' e new poems, recently announced as almost immediately forthcoming under the symbolical name of "Before Sun' rise," are for the most part, it would now appear, reprints from the periodicals, among others, from the pages of the Fortnightly. Signor Mazzini's contributimas to the curren t number of that publication, out but now with the rest of the magazines for June, is whimsically "Addressed t:), the members of the (Ecumenical Council at Rome, about the last people in the whole world who ar e ever likely to glance at it. The new half-penny paper, en titled the Morning Latest News, is " out" during these lest few days, and by reason of the parallel horizontal lines of the telegraph running through the letters of its own title or heading, looks, for all the world, as if it had been " scored out" by an after-thought. I hear of the possible issuing of the Tablet before long as a bi-weekly. Under its new proprietorship its success is understood to have been remarkable and sustained. Ending where I began, with a reference to the DerbY, I can't help commenting upon two rather mal-apropos anti' cipatory comments upon it—one in Punch, the other in the Telegraph. The former, that is Mr. Punch, like almost all the rest of the world, counting for certain upon the triumph of the favourite, remarked, as he thought, PO" phetically, that the winner of the race was on his native heath, and his name was Macgregor —poor Mac, as every' body pretty well knows by this time, being, when the race was run, just simply nowhere. As to the Telegraph 4 equally confident vaticinations, they coupled themselves with the 999th salaam or kotoo before the presence of the People's William—the oracular utterance of that ge e ", organ [mind, I don't spell it Orrgan] of the many-head ed running, upon the eve of the Derby, to this effect, that there were two at this moment foremost, unapproachab le, and unconquerable in England, to wit, Mr. Gladstone grid Macgregor. "As it fell upon a day" (the very next daY ) not, as the second line of the famous couplet would hav e it, "in the merry month of May" (as the Derby D e l, ought to have been), Mr. Gladstone was there for the 61.5 : time in his life upon that "peculiar Wednesday," Nv iv nessing a battle of the First of June, in which, to el wonder of all England, FrEnoh won the victory (I h 5 almost said, to one universal cry of " Lord, How !) -- , 1 not second best, but a bad fourth, being poor, doo med Macgregor. Mr. 'Archibald M'Neill, brother of Lord Colon s s l ' and one of the principal Clerks of Session, died °- ~ Thursday morning, after an illness of some , duratiol,'' Mr. M'lNTeill was a member of the Society of Writers ° her Majesty's Signet, having been admitted to that 1 30 d i in 1829. EXTENSION OF THE METROLITAN RAILWAY F IT h i4 e l WESTMINSTEER TO BLACKFRIARS. -- The service of trains having been performed throughout the week fair regularity, the amount of traffic has nit Wr e , sponded to the expectations formed. In the first the trains run at intervals of not less than ten minutes, l'';0 in many instances passengers wishing to travel bet w r Westminster and Blackfriars have been detained for ! Il e wards of 20 minutes waiting for a train. Considerifi; that the whole distance can easily be walked in 20 mili ll l,y , and that ten minutes, including stoppages, are taken vf il the train in traversing the distance, the length of inte r te ll between the departure of the trains is sufficient to it, against the use of the railway route by persons jo ur the ing to and from the City in a hurry. Then, too, tpr ; fares are excessive between Blackfriars and Westini ns ; r e the rates for first, second, and third-class passengr e s t he respectively fourpence, threepence, and twopence. " T ay wile rates by omnibus from Charing-cross to the Bank are °to twopence, the fare for boat from W es tminste_ London-bridge is only a penny. Under these cireVi'ic stances it is not surprising that the City-bound I% c e should not patronise the Underground route. In the 'Ai of the competition with which it has to contend th e 01 10 chance for the Metropolitan District Extension lies quick and frequent trains, and low fares.—Observer. itis that] • of th • some rural allow are t by a respel nothi, Wyat as we occasi than last w artist Mr. ( TI " Th the 7 not 1 kno) plot loves has hims the f landl obtai suite] Atirk tiMpec he is bring being claim years isten( tive hot ,