The Sun. — London, England, 1828-12-26 00:00:00

I ,~ ~~ 6~ !glitter Of Chair. ITON. the Co they c Eriwo He if ;hose ml compli substaa st thvin IRELAND-DUBLIN, DEC. 23. The Marquis of Anglesea has given great satis faction by certain legal appointments which he has recently made. You are aware that a great part of the litigation, particularly amongst the poor in Ire !and, is managed at the quarter sessions, and that a barrister of six years' standing at least presides on the bench. It is a good plan, and if the barrister Were unobjectionable in point of politics would, no doubt, serve to correct the tendencies of the magi stracy, which you need not be told lean rather against than in 'favour of the people. Until Lord Welles ley's time, the Assistant Barrister was selected Without a singl e exception from the ascendancy part of the bar. During the Administration of his Lord ship, some chang e took place, and two Catholics Were, for the first time, appointed to this really im portant office. Three vacancies have just occurred, and no little anxiety was felt as to the names of those who should be appointed to fill them. They Were declared yesterday, and the satisfaction of the Liberal party was unbounded, when they learned that the appointments fell on Messrs. Curran, Tickell, and Nunn, three Liberals, and gentlemen of very competent talents and acquirements. The following copy of an important letter, as I think you will deem it, from the Duke of Welling ton to Dr. Curtis, the Catholic Primate of Ireland, will prove interesting at this period to the people of England. I should acquaint you that a long inti macy has subsisted between his Grace and the Ca tholic Archbishop. The latter was Rector of the University of Salamanca .when the Duke fought the memorable battle at that place, and it is understood rendered very important. services to the army, from his great influence in the city and its vicinity LETTER FROM THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON TO DR. CURTIS, CATHOLIC I'ItI3IATE OF IRELAND. "My dear Sir—l have received your letter of the 4th instant, and I assure you that you do me jus tice in believing that I am sincerely anxious to wit ness the settl ement o f t h e R oman C at h o li c q ue stion, which, by benefitting the state, would confer a be nefit on every individual belonging to it. But I confess that I see no prospect of such a settlement. Party has been mixed up with 'the consideration of the question to such a degree, and such violence perics every discussion of it, that it is impossible to expect to prevail upon men to consider it dis passionately. If we could bury it in oblivion for a short time, and employ that time diligently in the consideration of its difficulties on all sides (for they tire very. great), I s h ou ld not d espa i r o f seein g a satisfactory r eme d y . B e li eve . me, my d ear Sir, ever your most faithful humble servant, " London, Dec. 11. " WELLINGTON." Mr. Chantrey is, we understand, about to nuke an equestrian statue in bronze of hie present Majesty, to be erected in Lo n d on . The - example of Brighton thus promisep to have, many imitatora; but we shall be proud to think that Brighton has sat the example. Gazitte. • —Brighton ABSENCE -OF MIND. —A short time since, a gentleman in this town, who had paid his friend a large sum of money, observed him, while engaged in important conversation, biting small bits of paper out of a piece Which lie held in his hand. On asking him what he was about, the absent man discovered that he had been engaged in the interesting occupation of destroying a fifty pound note. Fortunately the signature remained between his thumb ae4 -finger, end with some difficulty several bits Were found to compose the number, which enabled him to obtain the amount at the Bank of England.—Chelten- Tiam Chronicle. LUsus NATUR/E.—A few days ago, a cat belonging to a woman who resides in the English Town, (Limerick) had a-kitten, which presented the singular ap pearance of two natural and well formed bodies attached to one neck, and but one head. It lived for twit days, when the woman drowned it, under the superstitious apprehen sion that it was ominous oksome misfortune.—Limerick Zrenin g Pest. • IRF,I.,‘N D. THE CATHOLIC QUESTION- Tlt E. LSTABLISHED CLERGY. 'lf the labours of those men who oppose the C 011.• cessios of Catholic liberties were to be as success ful as their warmest wishes could ambition, what benefit to themselves would they achieve by their successful resistance ? The chief party which in directly resists the Government, in its avowed dis position to impart a portion of constitutional privi leges to the Irish Catholics, is the Clergy of the Protestant Establishment. Those gentlemen can not be deprived of their possessions but by virtue of positive enactments ; the laws under which they retained the various appendages of Church property, and spiritual privileges,have been so clearly defined, and so sedulously fenced, against popular encroach ment, as any laws which bold a place on the statute book. No Irish Catholic has ever denied the legal right of the present possessors to that property, or the propriety of its continuing with their successors to the end of time, if the Legislature shall so de termine—and it is almost certain that a total repeal of the Penal Laws would render the Irish Catho lics as perfectly indifferent to the amount of Church property as the most zealous stickler for the preser vation of that property could desire. The Irish Catholics arc well aware that to the three estates only belong the power of 'curtailing its magnitude, and that if a Bill were immediately passed for their enfranchisement, it would not have the most re mote tendency either to diminish the possessions or weaken the power of the Church Establishment. It may, however, be said, that many influential Catholics have raised a loud and violent outcry against the Irish Church Establishment, and a few of its pastors. This is true; but it is also true that the Irish, a very sensitive people, had received the grossest and the most out rageous provocation from these intemperate men, before they avowed a determined, a public, and a -persevering hostility to that Establishment. Cle ment, the 14th, the Protestant Pope, has said, that " honey catches more flies than vinegar." The Pastors of the Established Church have hitherto tried gall. Let them make a new experiment, and try whether a little honey may not effect their ob jects with less peril and more certainty. Han inor dinate attachment to earthly lucre had not totally blinded the understandings of these gentlemen, they would, ere now, have perceived that they never could lose one acre of the church domains, nor a single sheaf of their tithe corn, by conciliating the Irish Catholics, and they would not also fail to discover, by a little reflection, that there was a bare possibility of their losing, at least, some portion of their income, by continuing in active hostility to the people. This hypothesis is not founded upon any apprehension of financial embarrasSment, or of fo reign war, or of domestic commotion. But upon the single circumstance that there is now universally prevalent in Ireland a perfect competency to calcu late the irresistible force of moral combination. That this principle, if encouraged to operate with general and permanent efficacy, will deteriorate every species of property in Ireland, no man possessed of Ordinary powers of calculation will attempt to deny ; and will the Protestant Clergy be the smallest suf ferers under so calamitous a dispensation ? No, but decidedly the greatest. Where a gentleman may experience a ten-fold diminution of income, they will sustain adoss of one hundred fold, and all this may be effected without one peasant raising a sbillelah cudgel to enforce his o pinions.—Dublin Morning Register. .ussian cli nei is pled e l . )iv read to Doet o t sentence' e Catllo lo n read t? y dear Si alit, and eying t tlemeiv .) W —(Lain )in then' , if , theyr done to t has no, :t of the arid 3 1 IP are assa il with th e n ever, who 11 1 Sear a';" e show and re' opted t . , heartiv and ot' c ed to' mancie: roan tI ne sinc e ' the When moire' his lettc r o seefe t ' 11 knoss', l of tbl4 Etas' representative of one county, lie was virtually % representative of the Catholics of Ireland. It fight be alleged that he was a man of great personal sity, but he would say that a man of less personal il itY did not exist. If he had given his own opi ' Lll on the subject of his claim, singly and unsup ftted by the opinions of other eminent men, he li ght be justly charged with vanity. He had never l asidered the question as merely referable to him qor his feelings, but as a question of the greatest habc importance. He would suffer himself to be 'rain pieces rather than submit to any humiliation Olich might degrade him in the opinion of his coun ty'; nor should hq ever acquiesce in any act which light go to deprive him of that constitutional right 'hielt he derived from the sufferings of his country ;n• (Cheers.) An illegal vote might deprive 111 of this right, or a second Cromwell might order 141) endthe Sp e aker also to depart from the House , Commons ; but he would assert that, if a proceeding was taken, they had tio i i ec edeats to be them out, but those of ti'iver Cromwell and John Wilkes.—(Chec: . s.) , e challenged all the hireling industry of those who ere so well paid for poisoning the fountains..of 415 ', to quote one statute law by which he could be I st out of th e H ouse o f C ommo ns. They offered Mm an extraordinary alternative—a seat with per igrY• If he could bring himself to do an act which Would for ever exclude him from Christian society, liere was a seat for him in the House of Commons i'fitlieut any obj ec ti on or difficulty. (Cheers and aiglater.) Ile was bound to make, and he would Ileke, every possitle constitutional resistance to the t empts which might be made to disfranchise him. . i _hree p rov i nc i al meet i ngs an d one aggregate meet l'4! of the C at h o li cs o f I ce l an d h a d agre ed that so irty gentlemen from each town should accompany to London whenever he went to take his seat Parliament ; and he called tipon-his countrymen know-w ou ld they give him the support they had r omisecl. Mr. STEELE.--Mr. Chairman, there is but one ay in which that question should be responded to the Association for the attainment of civil and re- Yious liberty all over the world—by acclamation end shouting. (The whole Meeting stood up, by ;'tie sittfultancous impulse, and waved their hats, and '.pouted and huzirted.) Mr. Steele called for " one ,hoer more," ar Lord Eldon said.—(Enthusiastic 41eering.) Mr. O ' CONNELL resumed—That sort of answer. I'ass in perfect unison with his own feelings, and it jwould prove whether or not there was a perfect sym- Pathy between the Catholics of Ireland and the Ca i'c'he Association. In the appointment of the gen i‘emen to ac com p a ny him to England, they should be cautious not to give any powers of delegation or re presentation. These gentlemen should he ap i7ointed for the sole and exclusive purpose of advis tt!g the member for Clare, and not for the purposes - tither of delegation or representation. They should !lot be placed in the power of any penal s tatute. The utility of their attendance was so obvi as, that it was not necessary for him to point it pat to the meeting. If the other Irish representa tives w ere to rally round him the first day of the *,ssions, and should concur with him in bringing in k bill to abolish those abominable oaths,. which here taken by Protestant members of Parliament Ikith reluctance.and regret, they would do a service F or their country greater than had ever been achieved s ince the period of the abominable Union. If three °r four hundred liberal Protestants and Catholics Ivere to , accompany him, it would raise the cha - ,tacter of' Ireland, besides serving the cause of ;the people. If the Parliament refused his right, th e y should repeal the union. He would go to 'parliament as the advocate of universal, civil, and `religious liberty —as the advocate of radical and con : ttitutional reform—and as the advocate of a radical and comprehensive reform in that code of laws which kade so many men not know the east from the west, `nor the black from the white in the statute-book. !(Great laughter.) Mr. O'Connell concluded, by ; t novill that a Committee, composed of two gentle ken from every town in Ireland, do attend the I,leniber for Clare on his going to take his seat in atliatneut(Loud cheers.) MR. O'CONNELL. Some suggestions of an Evening contemporary (the Post) relative to Mr. O'Connell's assertion of his right, under the Act of Union, to sit and vote in Parliament, induce us to avow our own opinion on the matter in a single sentence, and to say, that we think now, and always thought, that the effort of Mr. O'Connell should be made on the first day, even though the prevalent rumours that the Minister is determined to .‘ see whether he can do some thing," should be declared, ex cathedra, to be well founded. This opinion, we have no doubt, is that of the nation at large—and we have reason to know that Mr. O'Connell never had a view differing from this, of what is due to the people of Ireland, to his constituents, and to his own station and character. — Dublin. Morning Register. " TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIPPERARY FREE PRESS. " Distillery, Borris-oleigh, Dec. 17, 1828. " MR. EDITOR—I am sure that you will insert with pleasure the following excellent lecture to the Brunswiekers. The moment I read in the News papers Mr. Otway Cave's patriotic reply to the friends of Civil and Religious Liberty at Leicester, I wrote to him, stating that thou . gh his sentiments were now known to all who read Newspapers, yet his tenantry and the lower .elasses were still igno rant of them—that in fact the generality of the people in this neighbourhood still considered him favourable to Brunswick Clubs, inasmuch as his te nants at the desire of his agent, formed the strongest portion of the Nenagh Club. These being tenants at will and under his controul, it was natural to think that they dare not act so prominent a part unless with his sanction. To redeem his character, and for various other reasons I assigned to him, I requested of him to send some direct communication here to disabuse the people of their prejudices against him. He accordingly sent me the follow ing reply. By its insertion you will much gratify your Boris-o'leigh and Nenagh friends, as well as also your's, &c. " PATRICK RYAN." " London, Dec. 15, 1828. " SIR--I thank you for your friendly and manly letter, and am happy that any thing I may have said in public, should have procured for me the approba tion of those whose good opinion, though at a dis tance, lam most anxious to deserve. If Illy name has been used in any way connected with or em ployed by me in countenance or support of the pro ceedings you allude to at Nenagh, it has been a most unwarrantable and unauthorised assumption on their parts. I hare sent an intimation to this effect to the Dublin Morning Register, and I beg to as sure you, that there is AO one in the empire who has a stronger abhorrence than myself of those sedi tious and atrocious conspiracies against the Sove reign and the people under the denomination of Brunswick Clubs which are luckily in a great degree counteracted by the increasing good sense and good feeling in this country, even in places which have long been considered the strong holds of tyranny and intolerance. I shall carefully observe your in junction as to your hints written to me on this sub. ject, at the same time you are at liberty to make what use you please of this expression of my opi nions. It only remains again for me to thank you for your kind and candid communication, and to say, that it will at all times give me pleasure to hear from such neighbours as yourself. " I remain, Sir, t'our's faithfully, " ROBERT OTWA Y CAVE. " To Pat. Ryan, Esq., Distillery, Borris-olvigb. .„ MR. O'GORMAN MAHON. The Evening Mail observes as follows, in .re ference to our statement, that Mr. - O'Gorman Mahon was deprived of the Commission of the Peace, on the ground of an affidavit sworn by the Government Reporter of the Association proceed- ings 4 , We have reason to know," says the 1;461, " that our Contemporary is totally mistaken as to the grounds of Mr. Mahon's removal." The cause, as assigned by us, is that which has been communicated to Mr. O'Gorman Mahan him self. We have seen a copy of the affidavit, and we have in our possession this moment a draft of one of the contradictory affidavits alluded to in our paragraph. It was proffered to Mr. Gabbet, on behalf of Mr. O'Gorman Mahon, yesterday, and, together with another to the same effect, refused by that Magistrate. The gentleman, whose copy of affidavit we now have, swears, "that he-sat next to, or very near, the said O'Gorman Mahon, in said Farquharson's affidavit mentioned, during his ad dress, and he positively sail h that he, the said O'Gorman Mahon, did not express himself in the terms sworn to in said affidavit." This proves the correctness of. our statement. We do not deny, however, that other causes may exist, although to- tally unacquainted with their existence. Having given the Government credit for its d e . termination to concede to'Mr. Mahon the benefit of the principle audi aileron: portent, we AO! offer one observation upon the reasonableness of its so doing. A most erroneous idea prevails upon the subject of reporting. It is thought that stenographers alone can (to use the technical phrase) take a speaker with fidelity. ThiS is not the fact. In an able article upon reporting, published in a late Westminster Re view, the most unequivocal testimony is borne to the contrary. We do not mean by this to depreciate the ability of the Government reporter; our only aim is to convince the public, that amongst the reporters of the Dublin newspaper press, there is, possibly, and we would venture to say probably, capability equal to that which Mr. Farquharson and his assistant bring to their duties. if this be so, it is but fair to admit the testimony of the newspaper reporters. Four men were arrested at the fair of Elphin on Wednesday, with papers in their possession of a highly seditious nature. A communication has been sent to Government on the subject, and the men are in custody, On Sunday last meetings were held in the parish chapels of Coorlock and Clontarf, to organize the collection of the Catholic Rent, and promote the registry of freeholds. They were addressed by Messrs. Elliott, Murphy, Smyth, and Curran ; and the meet ing at Clontarf was, at the suggestion of the Chair man, Mr. Sullivan, and several other respeettble pa 7 rishioners, adjourned to Sunday, the 28th inst.— Freeman's Journal. COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE OF THE CANADA S. (From L'Etoile, Canada Paper, of Nov. t;2.) The future destinies of the British Colonies in America, as far as from situation and circumstances can be probably conjectured, seem to promise a per manent continuation of their connection with the mother country ; or even if at any distant period that connection may be variously modified, accord ing to the changes of time and events, yet, under the name of dependence, protection, or alliance, it can hardly fail to be most equally intimate and mutually advantageous. The commerce, the wants, the situation and fears, and, above all, the moral feelings of the inhabitants, afford the surest earnest of this expectation. The liberal and parental policy of the mother country, particularly of late years, has added the ties of interest to those of affection, and left them nothing to gain by any change that.could be offered; least of all can any desire either exist at present, or arise hereafter, to exchange their de pendence on Great Britain for dependence on the American Congress,and submit their commerce to be taxed and regulated by the slave-holders of the south, or planters beyond the Alleganies, who have never seen the sea. Thew does not exist among them, either in name or thought, such a thing as a party, or even a feeling, in favour of the United States. The avowal of such a sentiment, or the suspicion of entertaining it, would immediately destroy a man's • place and character in society. Their warm and fre quent expressions of attachment to England, and aversion to American principles, would surprise a stranger, and seem, perhaps, unnecessary to a phi losopher. We do not allude either to the antipathy of the Canadian, or the fanaticism of the loyalist, or the longing of the emigrant for his native home; but to that rational preference of men of sense and education, who having a near and constant oppor tunity of comparing a mixed government with a pure democracy, see little reason to prefer the latter; and, if tha King's prerogative appear to be some times exercised with less justice or judgment, know how to distinguish' between the principle and the abuse, and derive abundant consolation in finding the democracy of their neighbours more capricious in the favour she bestows, more servile in the homage she exacts, more unreasonable in preferments, more op pressive in displeasure, and absolute in all. Nor Should the disputes which sOrtietimes arise with the colonial assemblies be considered asat all involving the question of loyalty or disaffection, and as the natural results of a legislature composed of several orders, or of persons representing their powers, whose constitution has not yet become settled by precedent and usage, and to which the 'practice of the mother Country is not always analogous, or the analogy not always con clusive. If, however, in process of time hereafter, as they increase in wealth and population, the con sciousness of importance should, as is wont, give rise to feelings of a more national description, Great Britain will probably see it for her interest to anti cipate and direct these to a separate confederacy among themselves rather than suffer them to swell the overgrown empire of their neighbours. Of the present policy of friendly relations with the United St a tes there cannot exist a doubt, nor a wish for their interruption. But the best pledge for their continuance, perhaps, is to hold in our hands the means of blockading and attacking their whole coast, which is secured by the ports of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and an inroad into the heart of their country, which is of fered by Lake Champlain, the Lower Canada, and the annoyance of its rear by the Upper Province and Lakes. These Colonies, though they may have been one of the secret objects, have never been the only causes of war with the Americans, nor have they been ever even mentioned among its avowed pretexts. If, indeed, by the price of their relin quishment, perpetual amity could be purchased with the United States, the present question of boundary might with more safety be neglected ; but if the estimate of relative strength and security is often the real inducement of hostilities, and if commercial jealousies, which are not yet removed, and the old dispute of neutral righis, which may at any time revive, have already furnished the pretext, the question is never likely to arise whether we shall go to war for the sake of these Colonies, but whether it is better to fight the Americans, with, if we must not say the assistance, yet, at Toast, with the oppor tunities and advantages which these provinces afford, or without them. Of all the North American Colonies the youngest but the most fortunate in natural advantages, and perhaps the most rapid in increase, is New Bruns wick, whose interests are more immediately con cerned in the present question of the boundary line. With the Gulf of St. Lawrence on the one hand, and the Bay of Fundy on the other, this colony poa sesses a valuable fishery on her own shores, and lies not far from those of Newfoundland and Labrador. Its coasts are indented with numerous bays and harbours, and the whole country is intersected with large rivers and lakes, and numerous smaller streams, to such a degree, that there is, it is said, no point in the province eight miles distance from navigable water. In fertility of soil it yields to no part of America; the climate is severe but healthy, the face of the country level, and covered with apparently inexhaustible forests of large and lofty timber • be neath are mines of coal, lime, gypsum, and others,l the source of some present, and the promise of much future, advantage. Forty-three years ago this country was one vast wilderness ; uninhabited, except by a few families of. Acadian French, and the thin and wandering tribes of native savages. At present contains and supports 80,000 inhabitants; its exports exceed the value of 600,0001., which are almost all exchanged for British manufactures; and, what is of far more importance, give employ ment to above 200,000 tone of British shipping, and 10,000 seamen. A progress so rapid, which has, perhaps, never been surpassed in America, says much for the natural advantages of the country:, the enterprise and industry of the inhabitants, and the value of such a possession. But there are politicians, for whom neither the welfare of these colonies has any interest, nor the loss any alarm ; who, forgetting by what means, or under what circumstances, the present power of their country has accrued; and preferring to tho lessons . 9 f successful experience the experiment of theorieC which, however specious in principle, may prove inapplicable to our condition, or produce un expected results, would persuade us that these coun tries are an unprofitable burthen—that our naval superiority might be preserved without seamen, or seamen supplied without commerce, or commerce secured without colonies, and have published a-de fiance to show what one advantage the North Ame- rican provinces have ever rendered to the parent State. And were they so utterly useless and bur thensome as is asserted, one would still, perhaps, be rather inclined, in this instance, to approve the ex ample of that old English gentleman, who wished to reduce the expenditure of his household, when his steward presented separate lists of his depend ents, distinguishing the useful from the superfluous, said, he would retain- them all—" Those, for I have need of them—and these, for they have need - of me." For these colonies, we think, were not plant ed and maintained upon merely a mercantile specu lation, but a more generous motive, to do good to mankind—" to replenish the earth and subdue it," and, still more, to fulfil that higher obligation of every government, to provide and secure the welfare and happiness of all its subjects, and to " multiply and increase them." For, however early or late may have been the period, and far or near the seat of their emigration, they are nevertheless our fellow subjects—members of the same community, and, as they have never failed in any duty of allegiance, they have not forfeited any rights to protection. It may be said, indeed, that this cannot apply to the whole population of those provinces, and it is true that their inhabitants are of two descriptions, and that nearly at► equal portion are descendants of France. But so covetous were we once of their territory, that we forcibly separated them from their etvn country, we adopted them into our common fa mily, and, having imparted to them the-privileges, have ever received from them the loyalty and sup port of British subjects. However agreeable to our future interest, it would, at least, be little consistent with our former policy to cut them off now; it would reflect no honour upon the constancy of the nation, more especially as that cannot be done with out betraying also another description of settlers, whom, perhaps, it would be almost a shame to aban don ; for, formerly, when the injustice or impolicy of the Imperial Government had excited a re bellion in the old Colonies of America, there were certain of the inhabitants, and, if inferior in num ber, they comprised a fair proportion of the wealth, talent, and character of the whole, who, either agreeing with the measures of Adminis tration, or thinking that no- opposition, or none yet experienced, could justify an insurrection, con tinued firm and zealous in loyalty to their Sove reign and attachment to their mother country, and exposed themselves to proscription, exile, and death, in her defence; and when the King became unable, or the kingdom unwilling, to protect them in their own land, with a singular spirit of fidelity, as if they had transferred to politics that obstinacy and enthusiasm which in religion had led their fore fathers to exchange their native soil for a distant wil derness, again came out and abandoned the seats of their birth and hopes : and, as no other asylum could be afforded, they removed, with desperate hearts and ruined fortunes, covered with defeat and insult, from their enemies, and regarded too much as a burthen by their friends, and took refuge in these Colonies of Nova Scotia and Canada. Such were the refugees, or American loyalists—an unfortunate race of men ! for the cause in which they had staked all was unsuccessful; and they exchanged home for exile, the comforts of a cultivated country for the inconveniences of a wild and inclement forest— literally beginning, not life alone, but the world, anew; and such has since been the change in the opinions of mankind, that the principles to which they offered so rare an example of devotion have be come irrational or inglorious, and their descendants must scarcely know—when in England at least— whether to avow their conduct as an honour, or ex cuse it as a delusion. And yet so far were they from being ashaMed of their own fortune, or envying that of their neighbours (though they had some times seen that preference. shown to the new Re public which, could loyalty merit commercial advantages, seemedrather due to our own colonists), that, lately, when an epportunity was offered for repentance, and the Mother Country was almost sinking in the struggle with Europe, and the United States would gladly have communicated, and prof fered, and endeavoured to force on them the privi leges of independence, there appeared no symptoms of diminished affection ; but those who were at tacked, armed and fought, and all were alike zealous and ready, had they proved less able to defend, again to abandon their properties, and a second time to seek an asylum in some country, if any could be found, within the protection of Great Britain, or beyond the reach of the Americans, where the latter would cease to covet, and the former to despise their possessions. It cannot appear a very gracious, or even a very reasonable thing, to complain of the incumbrance of such a portion of our subjects, and demand of them, so soon, an account of the expenditure and advan tages they have occasioned to the Empire. For had the reciprocal duties of allegiance and protection been as diligently performed on our part as on theirs they had never been .a burthen to the revenue. But to insinuate an opinion of their disaffection, and talk of the probability of their union with the American Republic, must appear, to them at least, a conjecture of little reason, or a suspicion they have not deserved. If such an account, however, is now to be rendered, it may, perhaps, be found, on a fair consideration of their means and resources, not so utterly deficient as is asserted, either in political or commercial ad vantages. For they certainly have retained and added to the empire 1,200,060 subjects, and 150,000 fighting men, who are posted in that quarter, in which we have most to apprehend, and stand in most need-of support. They occupy and preserve to us a country of such extent and situation that it is scarcely of more consequence that we should possess it than that another should not acquire. That an insular, com mercial and manufacturing nation, with a surplus and fast increasing population, had better remove some of the supernumeraries by emigration than suffer them to starve at home, or subsist by crime or do natives, is a position which reason must imtne diately acknowledge, and which necessity seems likely to enforce. That it is better to plant the emi grants within our territories, and add to the power and wealth of our common empire, than dismiss them to a foreign state, to be numbered with our enemies, appears no less evident. NoW we do not possess, nor does the world afford, another country so near and inviting as this; so inviting that the voluntary and unassisted emigration thither is al ready considerable and successful, and so near that the political connection must probably continue longer, and the commercial return be more pro fitable and immediate than with any other planta tion. But there are other reasons which render this possession highly important, if not indispensably necessary, to the power and commerce of Great Britain. It lies between us and the United States, between the United States and our fisheries, and, either in geographical position or political results, may be found to lie between the United States and the West Indies—we think it not absurd to add the United States and Ireland. It makes the Atlantic a great lake for the domestic commerce of the em pire, and, by shutting up the farther shore, enables the King to dictate who may sail, and who may fish, and, almost, who may wash their hands in the sea; a haughty and extravagant Pretension, but which was nearly exercised in the late wars, and might be again repeated to-morrow; and as it must first be disputed, and has already igen challenged, on that side of the water, so it is upon that side we should be most careful to secure its continuance. New foundland is too near, and naturally too dependent upon the other provinces to follow a different des tiny; and we should find some difference, perhaps, between giving the Americans leave to take and cure fish in those waters, and asking it of them. Let it be remembered, however, that " phinting co lonies is like the planting of trees, in which a man incurs a certain expense, and waits long for his re turn," and that "these plantations were principally made by persons whose fortunes were dissipated, and industry relaxed, by the long continuance, the miserable conduct, and ruinous termination of a civil war, and who, till within a few years, have never received any assistance from British capital (except, indeed, the short and limited credit of the merchant). And yet, though the average of exports from Great Britain to those provinces, upon six years, ending with 1774, previous to the war, amounted .only to. the scanty sum .of 379,411/. annually; on the like average, for six years after the peace of 1783, they were raised, by the influx of the loyalists, to 829,088/. It is worthy of remark that during this same period our exports to the United States had decreased from 2,732,036/. to '2,332,643/. (on a similar average), a loss of 398,393/. annually, which, however, was supplied, and more, by this increase of 419,677/. to the colonies. In 1799 the exports thither amounted to 1,066,3961. In 1809, to 1,733,667/. In 1819, to 1,970,2571. ; and for the last year they reached the sum of 2,241,215/, Our . exports thither, during a period of fifty years, ending in 1824, have gained an addition of four hundred and fifty-five per cent. over and above their amount in 1774. With regard to the imports from them, it is enough to know that all theie exports are finally paid -for, and though the balance against them must often have been, and stil► b., in arrear, yet in no quarter of the world are the debts so secure, and the losses of the British merchant so rare and inconsiderable. But it is far less for the advantages of commerce than of navigation► that Colonies are planted and their improvement valued, and it is chiefly by con sidering what the possession of these provinces has added to the mercantile navy and seamen—that is, to the real strengths and vital interests of the etn pire, that their importance can be duly understood ; for, from the year 1772 to the year 1789 (upors an average and \ medium of the vessels cleared and en tered for the three preceding years), the tonnage employed between them and Great Britain is found to have advanced from 11,219 to 46,106 tons, being an increase of 34,887 tons annually, and which more than repaired the decrease that had reduced our annual tonnage to the United States, during the same period, from 86,745 tons to 52,595. In 1818, the amount of British tonnage in this trade, on an average of the five preceding years, had further ad vanced to 179,317 tons ; and for the seven years since, ending with 1825, it has amounted to the average of 340,776 tons annually, and the number of seamen employed has been more than 15,00(Y men ; and for the year 1825, the vessels cleared thither amounted to 411,332 tons, about one-fourth of our whole foreign tonnage, exclusive of vessels to Such has been the use, and so rapid the increase of these possessions, that they need not shun com parison, in commerce or uavigation, either with any other portion, or with the collective improvement of the whole empire, and not even the United States, loudly vaunted, and justly dreaded, as their wonder ful advance has been, have added more to their in tercourse with Great Britain or with the world. For, in the year 1771, the exports from Great Bri tain to the United States bore the proportion of 14 per cent. of those to all other countries. The exports to the West Indies, which are justly valued as the richest possession of the Crown, were at that time 7i per cent.; and the exports to those colo nies were but two per cent. In 1824, upon an average of the ten preceding years, the whole amount of our exports was 235 per cent. niore than it was in 1774. The exports to the United States, on the same average, have increased 245 per cent., and are now 141 per cent. of the whole.' The exports to the West Indies have increased 300 per cent., and are now 9 2-8 per cent. of the whole; and the exports to these colonies on the same average have increased 455 per cent., and are now 3} per cent. of the whole. With reference, therefore, to our ,whole exports, the comparative increase of the pro portion which these several countries now receive above the proportion received in 1772 may be measured respectively by the following figures, viz.: —four for the United States; eleven for the West Indies; and twelve for the colonies; and with re ference to the amount received, - the comparative in crease in 1824 above 1772, is respectively as forty nine for the United States; sixty for the West Indies; and ninety-one for the colonies. In 1772 the proportion of British shipping employed be tween Great Britain and the now United States, was 7 8-10 per cent. of our whole tonnage cleared annually. The proportion to the West Indies was nine per cent.; and that to these colonies 1 3-10 per cent. In the year 1824 (on an average of teal years), the tonnage of the whole shipping cleared is found to have increased 167 per cent. above the amount cleared in 1772. That employed to the United States has decreased 5 5-10 per cent., and is now 2 2-10 per cent. of the whole. That to the West Indies has increased 189 per cent., and is now 9 7-10 per cent. of the whole; and the tonnage to the colonies has increased 2,370 per cent., and now forms 12 4-10 per Cent. of the whole foreign navi gation of Great Britain, including the vessels cleared for Ireland. As far, therefore, as our navi gation is concerned, the advantage now derived to us from the United States, and the North American Colonies respectively, compared with that of the year 1772, may be represented by the following quantities---5. 5 for the former, and 4. 11. 1 for the latter, and the difference in favour of the colonies is 4. 86. 6 ; that is, as nearly one-sixth of our whole foreign tonnage is to 0. WRECK OF THE WILLIAM, WEST INDIA MAN, AND LOSS OF ALL HANDS. About six o'clock on the morning of Friday last, a large brig, of about 250 tons burthen, went on a reef of rocks near Fortelle, about two miles east of Boulogne ; a dreadful surf running at the time,- she was, shortly rolled over and went entirely to pieces, and all on board perished. A man of colour reached the shore, dreadfully exhausted and bruised ; he was able to walk up the sands some distance by the aid of some humane fishermen, but was unable to speak ; they gave him a little brandy, and were in the act of taking him to their heuse when the eustom-house officers arrived, who immedi a t e ly or d ere d the fisher men to leave their cha rge , on t h e pena lty of a thrust from their bayonet s if t h ey re f use d ; t his they very reluctantly did, a n d th e custom -house officers pro ceeded to get suc h va l ua bl es art i c les as might float ashore, while th e poor bl ac k, left exposed in the wet and cold f or severa l h our s! perished on the spot, wher e th e i n h uman mo nsters left him. This is the ret urn ma d e to t h e English by some of the Authoriti es o f t h e po li tes t nation in the world, for their hum an i ty to t h e passengers and crew of the Jenne Em ma , F ren ch `Vest Indianian, recently lost on the coast of Wales!!! By the cargo, and pieces of the vessel that have come on shore, she proves to be the William, of Liverpool, from the West Indies, with a cargo of coffee, sugar, cotton, log wood, &c.—Several of the dead bodies were seen floating in along shore in the afternoon, but the douaniers would not pe rmit them to be p icked u p , con sequently, on the ebb in g of the tide, the y was hed o ut again. The barbarou s and inhuman con duct of t h o se whose duty it is to attend in cases of this kind, has caused a univers al fe e lin g of dis gust among the English; and most of the French in Boulogne. The only excuse made by the principals in this af fair for their inhuman conduct is, they were appre hensive the vessel was from an unhealthy port. Even if this had been the case, surely much more was to be apprehended from the cotton, and other articles of the like nature, which they sought after with great avidity and much risk. Last week a goose was purchased in Taunton market, which, ou being prepared for the table, was discovered to be stuffed s - vitli sanci--a ---- circumstance adopted to make it appear more heavy to the purchaser.— Taunton Courier. )- '- ' 'ME ARMY. (From the Limerick £ve!iing Post of Dec. 23.) Major-General Sir E. Blake:..v spoke in favour able terms of the discipline and apt , arance of the • 36th Regiment, at the recent half-yearif"T , spection in the new barracks, Limerick. Sir Charles Doyle, the. late esteemed Major-Cc= 6, neral of the Limerick District, will shortly proceed to the %Vest Indies, where he has been appointed to • a command. The following eircultr from the Secretary of State for the Home Department, to the Lord Lieutenant, relative to a proposed reduction in the expenees of the Militia Staff has just been issued : " Whitehall, Dec. 13. "My Lord—l have the honour to inform your Grace, that his Majesty's Government having taken into consi deration the expense of the Staff of the Militia, have deter mined to submit to Parliament a bill for effecting some re duction in that branch of the public expenditure. " According to the proposed measure, the future esta blishment, retained on permanent pay at bead-quarters, will te, for each corps—one adjutant, one so:leant-x(1;14w, one serjeant for every forty private men, one drum mer f or every two companies, with an additional drummer for each flank company; over and above which, in Regiments con sisting of eight companies and upwards, a drum-major will be allowed. " It is not intended to discontinue, till the 24th of June next, the pay of those members of the Militia Staff who will be included in the proposed reduction. " The substance of this communication will be made known to the Commandants of the different Corps by tke Secretary at War. " 1 have the honour to be, toy Lord, " Your Grace's most obedient humble servant, " ROBERT PEEL. " His Majesty's Lieutenant of the County of -." NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PLYMOUTH, DEC. 25.—The Meteor, steam-vessel, Lieut. Symons, returned from the westward on Saturday, and proceeded ❑p the Harbour to bring the Armada, 74, in ordinary, from her moorings to the Dock-yard jetty; the steamer then went to the Sound, and brought into Hamoaze the Badger, 10; Commander C. Crowdy, under orders to be paid off and to be surveyed. APPOINTMENTS.—Lieut. E. Belcher, and Captain Walker, Royal Marines, to the Southampton ; Mr. J. Barnard, Master, to the Trinculo. Mr: Hepburn, Master of the. Victory, flag-sliip, is appointed Master Attendant at Jamaica Dock-yard. It is reported that Captain C. Napier. will corn mission the Lively at this port, to supply the place of the Aurora. His Majesty's ship Slaney arrived at Nassau from Jamaica 21st October and Harpy, 3d Novem ber. The Success arrived at Madras 30th Jnly. The Cadmus arrived at Bah►a from Pernambuco 15th Oct. and Ganges, at ditto, from a cruise 224 Oct. The Tyne arrived at Halifax from Newfound land, 2d Nov. and Columbine, from the westward on the 3d Nov. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. CAMBRIDGE, DEC. 26.—The following gentlemen were, ordained by the Lord Bishop of Lincoln, in Christ's College Chapel, on Sunday last OE 4COSS. George James Atkinson, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge. Robert Edward Blackwell, B.A. Catherine Hall, Cambridge. John Byron, B El y y r m on ok , e ß ;B A :A E . x T e r te in r i Co ty l c le o g l e le , g o e, x c on a . mbridge. John Gibson, B.A. Fellow of Sidney College, Cambridge. Richard Dennis Hoblyn, M.A. Baliol College, Oxon. Richard Lee, S.C.L., Lincoln College, Oxon. Philip Palmer, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge. Francis Pooley Roupell, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge. Richard Thomas Welby, B.A. Christ College, Cambridge. MUSTS. John Forster Alleyne, B.A. Balliol College, Oxon. Sam. Boyden Beckwith, B.A. St. John's College, Oxon. Brackenbury Dickson Bogie, B. A. Trinity College, Dublin. Henry Albert Browne, B.A. Queen's College, Oxon. Geo. J. Alsheton Drake, B.A. St. John's College, Caml). Wm. Marriott Caldecott, M.A., Oriel College, Oxon. Field Flowers, B.A. Lincoln College, Oxon. Andrew Wm. Gotber, B.A. St. John's College, Oxon. Geo. Adolphus Hopkins, B.A. St. John's College, Camb. Geo. Lee, B.A. Wadham College, Oxon. John Mossop, B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge. Richard Stainforth, B.A. Queen's College Cambridge. Wm. Hardy Vernon, B.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxon. I Francis Miles Willan, B.A. Christ College, Cambridge. JohnWordswortli,B.A. New College, Oxon. The Lord Bishop of Peterborough held an ordi nation in his cathedral church, on Sunday last, when the following gentlemen were admitted into holy orders, viz. DEACONS. Wm. Cape, B.A. Corpus Christi College, Cdnihridge. Edward Dudley, B.A. Worcester College, Oxon. Wm. Harding, B.A. University College, Oxon. James Harwood Harrison, M. A. Merton College, Oxon. Wm. Doveton Plii lpot, B.A. Lincoln College, Oxon. PRIESTS. Archibald Campbell, M.A. Jesus College, Cambridge. James Robert Chaplyn, M. A. Trinity College, Oxon. Fred. Edward Gretton, B.A. St. John's College, Camb. A dispensation has passed the Great Seal to enable the Rev. Thomas Best, 1.L.8. rector of Kirkby upon Bane, to hold the rectory of East Barkwith, Lincolnshire. Patron, G. R. Ileneage, Esq. The Rev. William Ilett, M.A. of Jesus College, has been presented to the living of Elkesley, Notts. Patron, the Duke of Newcastle. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE'. HUNTING INTELLIGENCE. APPOINTMENTS FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. The Auglesea Hounds, on Monday, at Pwllcoch ; Thurs day, at Llanerchymedd Wind-mill; and Saturday, at Pea craig—at half-past ten. The Blackmoor Vale Hounds, on Tuesday, at Inn Wood ; and Friday, at Stock-house—at ten. The Brighton Harriers, on Monday, at Patcham ; Wed • nesday, near the Race Course ; and Friday, at the Dyke at half-past ten. The Brookside llarriers will continue to meet every M on d a y, at Newmarket ; Wednesday, at the Lewes Race Course ; and Friday, at Tellescombe Tye —at half-past ten. The Cadbury Harriers, on Monday, at Puddimore ; and Thursday, at the Red Post. Mr. O'Kelly's Buelt.hounds, on Saturday, at the Ken nel, Henbury ; and Wednesday, at Ashley Barn, near Milborne Clumps—at half-past eleven. The Cheshire Hounds, on Monday, at Norley Beach ; Wednesday, at Marbury, near Northvtich—at half-past ten. Sir T. Stanley's Hounds, on Tuesday, at Hinderton— at ten. Mr. Price's Hounds, on Tuesday, at the Kennel—at half.past ten. The Worcestershire Fox-hounds, on Tuesday, at Wry man ; and Friday, at the Kempsey Grove—at half-past ten. • Upton-upon-Severn Harriers, on Wednesday, at Bir• lingham ; and Friday, at Holly-green —at ten. Mr. Boycott's Hounds, on Monday, at Norton ; and Thursday, at Weston—at half-past ten. Mr. Dansey's Hounds, on Monday, at Tibberton Viilsge ; and Thursday, Pencomb—at ten. The Warwickshire Fox-hounds, on Monday, at Feuhill .—at half-past ten. - - The Cottesmere Hounds, on Monday, at Gritnsthorpe Castle ; Tuesday, at Brook ; and Thursday, at Carlby Windmill—at a quarter before eleven. Earl Fitzwilliam's Hounds, on Monday, at Bedford Pur lieus; and Thursday, at Abbot's Ripton—at ten. Lord Yarborough's Hounds, on Monday, at Grainsby house ; Wednesday, at Langmore Furze ; Friday, at Lea house ; and Saturday, at the Kennel—at eleven. Sir Rich. Sutton's Hounds, on Monday, at Langworth bridge ; Tuesday, at Saxilby ; Thursday, at Belchfold town ; Friday, at Blankney ; and Saturday, at Skelling thorphee Gransden Hounds,anelWinceby Village—at on Tuesday, e e l sday eleven. The at Toft-mill ; and Friday, at Downing Arms—at ten. The Puckeridge Hounds, on Monday, at Wadesinill Wednesday, at Takeley Forest; and Saturday, at Benning ton-street—at half-past ten. Royston Harrier; on Tuesday, at Mr. Norris' Farm, Barley-road ; Thursday, Odsey-house. Mr. G. Mure's Hounds, on Tuesday, at Riddles vorti at ten. We understand that the Hon. W. L. We!- lesley has purchased the late splendid t.:evn resident„ e, in Dover-street, Piccadilly, of the Duke of Rutland. ,_~