The Sun. — London, England, 1841-12-21 00:00:00

MORNING SUN UNITED STATES' BONDS AND BONDHOLDERS. (From the New York Herd] of the 27th of November.) The bondholders have the endorsement of the United States Bank and the Union Bank. The Committee of the United States Bank stated that Biddle had no au thority to make the contract. The Union Bank has made an assignment of all its property, and notified all claimants upon the bank to file their claims within eight months from the assignments, all such to preferred creditors. The bank is utterly insolvent, and cannot pay its liabilities independent of its endorsement—its money is selling at thirty cents. on the dollar. Governor M'Nott went to the people with the qnestion of paying or not paying, on the ground he assumed, and the result is a decision in his favour. This is the state of affairs in Mississippi. The position of many of the other States is similar, and has led to the fear that the same course may be adopted by them. A great distinction is, however, to be made between the States, and they may be divided into three classes. The first comprises those, the debts of which are perfectly within their means of payment, and the public works require no increase of loans to per fect them. The second class are those whose debts are heavy and beyond their income, but which have the means of paying if taxation should be enforced. The third class comprises those which require large sums to complete the works in progress before they can become available, and whose present debt is far beyond the ability of the people to pay by taxation. The following is a Table of Debts, Annual Interest on Population, divided into Classes t INDEBTEDNESS OF THE SEVERAL STATES. Ist Class. Population. Debt. Yearly Interest. Maine .... 401,796 1,678,367 99,000 Massachusetts. 737,438 7,272,839 313,641 _ _ . New 1o;X::.:: 2,432,835 22,000,000 1,110,000 Ohio 1,515,696 13,724,755 823,485 Kentucky 777,359 3,790,500 222,000 Tenuesse 2d Class. 6,683,191 51,614,647. 2,725,534 Pennsylvania 1,700,000 40,000,000 2,000,000 Maryland 467,577 15,346,000 767,300 Virginia. 1,231,434 7,953,000 437,461 South Carolina 594,439 7,553,770 287,687 Georgia 618,166 1,500,000 65,000 Missouri ... 3d Class 4,975,377 73,944,770 4,932,968 ._.....,.... Mississippi 386,099 7,500,000 625,000 Florida 40,000 3,500,000 210,000 Alabama. ... Louisiana Indiana 683,314 15,000,000 750,000 Michigan Illinois Arkansas 95,662 3,100,000 186,000 Wisconsin— 70,692 100,000 5,000 2,722,089 86,354,601 4,752,280 Grand total 14,285,661 211,914,218 12,410,782 U. States Loan, 12,000,000 710,000 Cities, • 33,334,106 1,782,764 Of the first class nothing that has yet transpired, or that is now in perspective, can effect their credit or di minish their means of paying, because the resources yearly accruing are sufficient to meet the liabilities with out the danger of resorting to increased taxation. Con sequently their credit is every way equal to that of the Federal Government. The second class are heavily in debt, and there is no revenue to meet the yearly interest but that of taxation. 331 ALL NOTES ISSUED BY SEVERAL STATES. Dollars. Market value. Illinois Indiata,(not receivable for taxes) 3,000,000 65 do. Kentucky Pennsylvania, circulating 1,700,000 authorised 3,000,000 90 do. Maryland Michigan Total State money 11,100,000 This amount is equal to 10 per cent, of the paper cir culation of the Union, and is rapidly extending itself, and thrusting the constitutional currency aside. The ave rage depreciation, it appears, is 67 cents„ and the nomi nal value of 11,100,000 dots. is really worth in specie but 7,437,000 duls. This feature of the credit system in a remarkable man ner illustrates the progress of the credit system in an item of State indebtedness, which, though large, has been but seldom taken into the account. It operates in a direct manner as a tax upon the population, as one of the most onerous that can be put upon it, because it not only takes money out of their pockets, but destroys their credit and trade. The States have assumed and used the power of issuing credits, and now they are both un able, and in some cases exhibit an indisposition, to pay. If they have come to this pass, it is now high time that they relinquish the right to the General Government of contracting debts they are unable to pay, and thereby dishonouring the country, destroying its trade and bring ing discredit upon the country whose free institutions are looked up to with hope by the friends of political fredom in all parts of the world. If State Governments com posing this hitherto glorious Union, are to practice the swindling mountebank tricks of the late National Bank, and its unprincipled abettors and supporters, it is time that the people take the matter in hand. The community have at the recent elections sustained President Tyler almost en masse in his reto of the new National Bank, projected by the corrupt participators in the old one. Let them come forward now in a body and prevent the States from becoming issuers of depreciated paper. AMERICAN POLITICAL PRESS. The New York Herald complains ~of the most dis graceful outrages upon females in that and other cities of the Union, and the apathy of the public authorities, in the following terms:—" Other attacks have since come to our knowledge, and, although the fellows did not in all the instances succeed in their brutal object, or take the life of their victim, still it is evident that nothing but fear saved them from the guilt of a capital crime. At Brook lyn, a married lady was seized by a gang of ruffians and violated. On Coney Island Beach, two sisters, while bathing, were attacked by a brawny rascal, and but for the nerve and courage displayed by the younger of the girls, the brute would have accomplished his purpose. In Philadelphia and Baltimore similar outrages have been attempted. About ten days since a young lady was violated in open dayl , ght, in one of the public parks of the latter city, in the presence of several respectable citizens, who were unable to save the daughter of a neigh bour from the loathsome contamination of a herd of wretches who are a disgrace to humanity. This is a pretty picture of United States' civilization ! &c." * * The foregoing precious nwrceau from the New York _Herald, is going the round of the press in Great Bri tain, and has been republished in, probably, every press on the Continent. In every instance it is referred to as evidence against the morals and civilisation of " Repub- Heart America," furnished by an American editor and an American press ; and the good, the moral, and the friends of order, unite in exclaiming—" if these are the fruits of Republicanism, God preserve us from its in fluences." _ _ Now, it is due to our country and its institutions, to say to th e p ress o f G rea t B r itain, that the editor and publisher of the New York Herald is a Scotchman—a loyal subket of Queen Victoria—one who has never forsworn his allegiance to Great Britain, and is not an American citizen even by adoption. His associates, too, are all foreigners —men who have learned their vocation in the least reputable portions of the British metropolis; and we would add, that the press thus owned and con ducted, is almost exclusively devoted to vilely misrepre senting the morals, the manners, and the customs of our country ; decrying its institutions, and injuring, as far as practicable, the country at large, by the most delibe rate and :ystematicattacks d ur i ng a succession of years, upon public and private credit in every section of the United States. We know well enough that this statement will scarcely be credited, bemuse it will be difficult to believe, that such a press, conducted by such nte men i with such ob jects, could possibly be tele s i ll , ain d en and any portion of our Country. We admit with however,. because we Pride do many of are compelled to do so, that . so little our people feel in our national character, and so little do . they accustom themselves to iinrire what is or 'what is t s tle ex r t e e fl n e siv t ly not injurious to the national.. welfare, and so great their love of slander, that this infamousysehryeetlii purchased and read, although a must satisfy every purchaser of it, that in the act ofcpjuorn chasing he is paying a bonus to , have the morals and - nd the great interests of habits of our people slandered, the country misrepresented, assnailed,and injured "How long do you think such . a press would be tole rated in England ?" is a question which has been asked us a thousand times ; and our . answeru has been, that United' States that New York is the only city in the would tolerate it for a single week.. tke sale of Philadelphia some time since prohibited even We n all know that this vile' sheet in the public streets of that city, on the expr es s ground that it was a nuisance which no .tes of a reputable i community could tolerate ; and if the authorities siste r c ity w ould not tolerate even the sale of this slan derous paper in its public streets, how long would they tolerate its publication among them ? If published fur ther south, every person connected with it would have lost their lives before the civil authority could havein terfered to save them by suppressing the paper. Of those who purchase this sheet, we would inquire, what they think would be the course of the people of England or any other people, if our Government, or cer tain persons who had a direct interest in the matter, were to hire the most reckless native of the United States tb establish a paper in London, and devote its columns to asanits upon the government and institutions of that country, to slandering it: best citizens, assailing the pri vate cha racter and 'morality of its f:males, basely mis representing th e morals of the people at large, and systematically assailing the credit and character of every public institution and even of the Govern ment itself ? Would such a press be tolerated for a mTnent ? Would any Englishman who re spected himself, or who took pride in the prosperity and the character of his country, consent to sustain a sheet devoted to such an object ? This is a question we leave to be answered by those to whom it is addressed ; and we would simply ask them to reflect upon the cha racter and the course of the Herald for the last four years. Let them do this, and they cannot doubt but there was a regular plan of operations adopted, which has been systematically persevered in, to injure the cha racter of our country abroad ; t o m i srepresen t its moralsand the tone of its society ; to prostrate and destroy our . public and private by raise and malicious state ments and colourings in relation to our fiscal affairs; and finally, to hold up to contempt and scorn our republican institutions by these false versions of the consequence of free government, at the same time that a deadly blow wa s aimed at our ationaprosperity, b y co i n i ng rea sonsn. l why the capitalists of Europe should not loan their funds to our people, to our Companies, to our States, or to our general Government. We do not say that the Herald man was hired to pur sue the course he has, the object of which is apparent to all our reflecting men, because we cannot prove that he was ; but we have no hesitation in saying that his pur pose was such as we have described ; that he foresaw, if he was not assured, that such a course would be most acceptable to his fellow subjects of her Majesty ; and what is far more., that he has been eminently successful in accomplishing the base purposes attributed to him. If any one will take the trouble to examine the monied articles in the Herald since his return from London in 1838, and also the monied articles in the London Times since that period—they will not, cannot doubt, the object of these articles, or that they were written with a full understanding as to how and where they should be used. The most of them have been copied into the Times, and re-copied into every paper in the kingdom ; and as the amount of English capital flowing into the United States prior to 1837, had caused serious alarm to the Govern ment and to the capitalists interested in the Bank of England and other monied Corporations, the greatest possible care has been observed, to impress upon the English capitalist the imminent danger of losing what ever he had, or might invest in American securities. No English press could accomplish this object , ; but it has been accomplished by four •ears of well-planned, well arranged and well-systematised assaults upon the credit of the country through the columns of the New York Herald. These assaults have been extensively circu lated through the English press ; and that they should have proved successful should excite no surprise, how ever mortifying it may be, that reputable, well-inten tioned, and honest men, should have made themselves parties to this most disastrous crusade against the cha racter and prosperity of our common country, by a band of corrupt, unscrupulous, and unprincipled fo• reigners, who have not a solitary feeling in unison with the people among whom they are permitted, nay en couraged, to pursue their infamous course.—.lllorninq Courier and New York Enquirer. %. FRENCH COMMERCE. The three Councils-General of Commerce, Agricul tore, and Manufactures, commenced their Session on Thursday morning in one united body at the Ministry of Commerce, under the Presidency of M. Cunin-Gri daine, the Minister of Commerce and Agriculture. The meeting was very numerous. The Minister, after having announced that the duration of the Session would be one month, addressed the Councils in a long speech, the first part of which was a retrospective view of the laws which had been passed, and the measures which had been adopted for the encouragement and protection of the three great branches of industry represented by the Council. The Minister then said :—" All these interests had been the objects of the most earnest solicitude on the part of the Government. He alluded particularly to the law for the definitive establishment of the metrical system, the encouragement of fisheries, the law relative to the responsibility of owners of vessels, the ordonnance respecting quarantine, and the law relative to public sales. Alluding to the important law for the better re gulation of child-labour in factories, the speaker said that nothing could exceed the sympathy and zeal which had been manifested in all the departments, in order that this measure might be carried out in the spirit in which it had been conceived, and he had consequently been able to choose from amongst the most respectable men the inspectors who were to see the law executed. The Mi nister then announced that a bill for the protection of new inventions had been carefully prepared, and would be brought forward next Session—and remarked on the appointment of new professorships at the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers for mechanics, descriptive geography, chemistry, and agriculture. The want of scientific schools in the south of France was next noticed by the Mi nister, and he observed that something must be done for that purpose. M. Cudin Gridaine then noticed the cattle and sugar questions, at which, however, he merely glanced, as subjects of deep importance, which the Councils would have to take into their most serious con sideration. He next enumerated the various measures which the Councils would have to discuss, and said that, with a view to the increase of the commercial relations with foreign countries, they would be led to inquire what modifications could be made in the tariffs, particularly as regards iron, woollen, and cotton manufactures, glass, &c. The Minister then proceeded to say that, as a general means of enlightening the Councils in their examination of the French customs tariff, and the commercial relations of France with foreign countries, he would call their attention to the commercial situation of France during the last few years. At no epoch had the foreign trade of the country become so much de veloped as at the present moment; since, in 1840, the total amount was 2,063,000,000 f., which was the largest sum hitherto attained, and surpassed by 331 per cent. the average of the 10 years from 1830 to 1839 in clusive ; out of the above total, foreign produce con sumed in France, and French produce or manufactures exported, amounted to the sum of 1,442,000,000 f. This was to be divided as follows :—lmports: natural products and raw materials, 697,000,000 f. ; manufac tured goods, 50,000,000 f. Exports: natura products, 184,000,0001.; manufactured goods, 511,000,000 E These facts were sufficient to show the increased occupation given to France by the extension of her trade. Trans ports by sea entered icto the total system of interchanges of goods for 1,481,000,000 E, or about 71 per cent., and this occupied ships, the burthen of which was measured by 2,896,000 tons, a figure which would have been increased to 3,330,000 tons, if the old system of measure ment had been adhered to :—thus giving an increase of 43 per cent. over the tonnage of the years from 1830 to 1839. This result included the tonnage of ships of all nations employed in this branch of French trade; but the augmentation of French tonnage alone was 422,000 tons, or 49 per cent., all branches of French maritime trade had not, it was true, been so prosperous. Thus the. navigation between France and her colonies had lost 11 per cent. compared with 1831 ; 13 per cent. com pared with 1836, and 20 per cent. compared with 1838. This formed one of the subjects connected with the Sugar question, which the councils would have to examine. In some particular markets, such as those of North America, Egypt, Portugal, and the China Seas, the total of French commercial interchanges bad shown a slight falling off as compared with preceding years ; but this was compensated by the increase in other quarters. Government was watching these vicis situdes with care, and was on the look-out for applying effectual remedies and improvements. The general amount of exports had exceeded by 25 per cent. the average amount from 1830 to 1839 ; but this had not held true, for all branches of French manufactures ; thus jewellery, watches, clocks, articles of modes, and worked skins, had fallen off in exportation. The Government, wishing to facilitate and encourage the export trade as much as possible, had been occupied with the question of directing commerce into as wide and liberal a path as possible. Thus treaties of commerce had been formed with several nations, and the Customs tariff had been revised ; useless prohibitions had been abolished ; two heavy duties had been reduced ; and others had been modified. Government, with a view to facilitate international com munication, had ordered the building of steamers for Transatlantic expeditions, and was, at this moment, diligently occupied with the preliminary measures for establishing a line of steamers between Suez and the island of Bourbon. The Minister concluded by stating that, charged as he was by the King with the direction of duck great interests, in which sometimes there ap peared fh be differences as to the degree of encourage ment and protection to be given to each, it was neces sary for him earnestly to solicit them to cultivate con ciliatory feelings amongst themselves, and so to facilitate the important task imposed upon the Government, which had need of assistance and support from the re presentatives of the three interests. It was only by their coming to a cordial understanding with each other on the great questions which they would have to discuss, that they could enable the Government to give due deve. lopment to the productive and commercial resources of the country. When the Minister had concluded, the members of the three Councils retired to their respective Committee-rooms to select their Presidents and Vice Presidents. The result was announced as follows : Ccuncil-General of Commerce, M. Legentil, President (no Vice-President) ; Council-General of Manufactures, M. Mimerel, President, M. Berard, Vice-President ; Council-General of Agriculture, the Duke Decazes, President, M. de Gasperiu, Vice-President. MONOPOLY OF QUICKSILVER. (From the Bankers' Circular.) Admitting the expediency and necessity of regulating a paper currency by the supply of gold and silver, that supply must, as far as the mines are concerned, be unob structed, equable, and adequate to the annual absorp tion or destruction of those metals by manufacture, wear and tear, or loss ; and, if it be not so, the regulating power is a cheat, and gives out fraudulent results. Again, if a standard of value in the precious metals be esta blished by law— taking a certain quantity of gold or sil -1 ver of a certain fineness, and stamping it at the Royal Mint —on the calculation of certainty and equability in the supply, an d if ly, from any cause the supply becomes . materiallyand perm ane ntly di m ini s hed, the standard ceases to be a just one ; and it must be re-adjusted to prevent oppression to the people in paying an undimi nished amount of taxes, unreduced rents, and other fixed pecuniary obligations. Further, if, under such circum stances, an equitable adjustment of the standard of value, or an equitable reduction of rents, taxes, &c., do not take place, the Government that permits the injustice to con tinue, causes an ever-springing motive to arise in the breasts of the people to rebel against the oppression. n thatm t o none the test but otfhe experience.richest These proofs we could enfor ce b y c i ting the highest au thorities on public law in o ur l anguage to confirm them. Now It is letw usell t ores and will b k ri n n o g w th e yield pure metalwis productithoutth in the use of quicksilver, iehea that the price of this groat measure deter mines the quantity of silver coins into and b ars t h at shall be annnua lly poured from the mines the civili ze d world. The The mines of quicks ilver are _ not i o low in worked t o any extent in any part of the world_except Germany and trwiig thenn the po latter im c r o t u a n n t e r e y. . of this Spanish, Spain commodity to the production of silver—and_ bein g dis posed to do justice to the people—have always, w hil e they had the p 40 dollars per quintal. possession of the mine s, kept the price mo derately low, viz., at about Th at Government ha; sometimes at former periods farm e d 42 dollars per out these mines, but the price, we believe, never rose i n the hands of the contractors above 41 or welfare of the quintal. Unhappily, however, for the interests of the commerce of the world, unhappily for the heavily taxed people of poor old England, Mr. Roths child about seven or eight years ago got possession of the silver mines of Spain, making a clear profit by working them, it is said, of 80,000/. per annum. How did he accomplish this ? He trebled the price of quicksilver, which now sells for 120 dollars per quintal, instead of the old, just, and almost uniform price of 40 dollars; and through the medium of his great power and influence in Germany, he induced the proprietor of the only other important source of supply in the whole world simulta neously to do the same. Extract of a letter fro R. Thornton, Chairman THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1841. of Committee of Spanish Bondholders, addressed to Sig. Surra y Rull, Minister of Finance for Spain, dated 7th August, 1841 ; "It must be well known to his. Highness, as having formerly served in Peru, and it cannot be hid from your Excellency, that under the Government of Spain, which through an especial tribunal supplied her colonies with quicksilver at a low fixed price, the yearly coinage of Mexico was about $30,000,000 New Granada 3,000,000 Peru, about 7,000,000 Chili, about making, in all, say. ..543,000,000 to which adding, say 20,000,000 for silver produced in bars, but not coined, we arrive at ... 163,000,000 of hard dollars. as the yearly produce of silver alone of the Americas formerly Spanish, while quicksilver was supplied at a cheap rate. From inquiries which I hare made, I believe I do not exaggerate when I state that the present monopoly of that sine qua non of amalgama tion has injured these young nations to the extent of at least 20,000,000 dollars annually, depriving them, in the same ratio, of the means of paying for the wines, brandy, and paper of Catalonia, the wines and fruit of Andalucia, the iron of Biscay, and the goods of British manufacture, and inflicting a proportional injury on the currency of all countries. I humbly submit to your Excellency that a monopoly so injurious should not be continued." In corroboration of the above we state that a gentle man intimately acquainted with the statistical affairs of Mexico and South America, recently arrived in England from that part of the world, assures us that thousands of tons of silver dug out of the Mexican mines are thrown aside, because they contain too little silver to admit of profit when working them with quicksilver at its present high price. Formerly, when it was at a moderate price, viz., one-third of its present value, every pound of this ore would have been worked to bring forth the silver contained in it. The exports of quicksilver from London and Liverpool to Mexico, Peru, &c., were, in the years 1837, 1838, of bottles 29,373 against 21,904 in the two succeeding years 1839, 1840 ; these are the particulars— Years 1837. 1838. 1839. 1840. Bottles 14,800 14,573 10,811 11,093 If the supply were increased thirty per cent. above that of the latter years, if 21,904 were augmented to 29,373, the supply would be brought up just to the level of the former, and if with the increase of the supply the price were lowered to the old standard of forty dollars per quintal, what a prodigious difference it would snake in the production of silver for the uses of the commer cial world. The labour bestowed in the production of the ore has been expended, and it is ready to be con verted into bullion. There it lies a useless and offen sive mass, just us a Pennsylvanian farmer suffers heaps of manure to accumulate from generation to generation, when spreading in either case would increase production, promote trade, and in the former case would relieve and benefit the ole commercial world. " Money is like muck, (says Lord Bacon), no good except it be spread." Money hidden amidst thousands of tons of ore, raised by great labour, because a rich monopolist must grow richer, is to blast industry at its source, and mock the institutions of society in the exercise of one of their most important functions. Our well-informed friend considers the estimate of five millions sterling as the amount of the falling off in the annual supply of silver, compared with the supply when quicksilver was comparatively cheap, a moderate estimate. What proportion of the seven or eight years during which the Spanish contract has been in the pos session of the present possessor has been marked by the high price of quicksilver, we do not exactly know ; but the total deficiency in the supply of the precious metals to Europe, caused by his inexorable interdict, cannot be less than from twenty to thirty millions sterling. Now we care not what a man's views or opinions con cerning money may be ; they may be as strict as Mr. Hume's, as lax as Dr. Smith's, as inconsistent and con tradictory as Mr. Ricardo's, as antiquated and absurd as Sir Robert Peel's ; yet, if he be a man of sense, we would calmly ask him why he attaches so much import ance to the possession of one or two millions more or less of bullion in the coffers of the Bank, and looks en with out concern at the master evil which puts it in the power of avarice to keep twenty or thirty millions sterling from the money-markets of the world, of which the Bank of England is the centre ? How can he reconcile his mind to a system which gives an individual foreigner residing in the City of London, the power of raising the standard of value when he can get 80,0001. a year by doing so ? Is it or is it not placing the Royal prerogative of fixing the measure of value in the hands of a speculative loan monger, making him, in the exercise of this delicate and important prerogative, Monarch over her Majesty the Queen ? We have, as we think, laid bare one of the main sources of the evils which now afflict the country ; it is a forced contraction of the basis of the circulating me dium affecting all commercial credit in every country, which causes low prices, stagnation, distrust, and dis content. It appears to us an immeasurably more potent cause of mercantile disturbance and social derangement than the Corn-law—defective as that law is admitted to to be. We are, Sirs, obediently, H. B. & CO. [So far as England is concerned this subject is of little importance —our standard is gold, not silver. The effect, if any, on our currency, will be to make silver more valuable in relation to gold, and raise the currency of the continent, which is silver, to a level in value with our own. The other method, too, of extracting the ores which are in use, besides amalgamating silver with mer cury, will be more extensively adopted if the price of quicksilver be raised, and the object of the monopolist will be defeated.]—En. Sun. MISS COSTELLO'S NEW WORK. Just ready, in 2 vols. Bro., with numerous Illustrations, APILGRIMMAGE TO AUVERGNE, FROM PICARDY TO LE VEL AY. By MISS LOUISA STUART COSTELLO, Author of " A Summer amongst the Boca ges an d th e Vi nes ,"& c . Richard Bentley, New Burlington -street, Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty. MR. AINSWORTH'S NEW HISTORICAL ROMANCE. In 3 vela. post Bvo., illustrated with Twenty large Designs on Steel, by Franklin, OLD SAINT PAUL'S: A TALE of the PLAGUE and the FIRE. By W. HARRISON AINSWORTH, Esq. IS NOW READY. " We prefer the two first volumes of Saint Paul's' to any previous work of tkeir author. Treated as a Tale of ad venture these volumes have great merit. The reader who has once opened them will hardly be disposed to lay them down again.' —Athenaeum. " We are glad to meet Mr. Ainsworth again in the region of historical iorcance, a department of literature in which he has distinguished himself above almost every author of the day. A better subject than that which be has chosen for his present volumes could not have teen selected. Many pas sages remind us of the simple pathos and truthfulness of De fog. "—Observer. _ Hugh Cunningham, St. Martin's-place, Trafalgar-square. Now ready, in 2 vols. post Bvo., 21s. bound, InADAME DE SEVIGNE, AND HER CONTEMPORARIES. Comprising SKETCHES of above ONE HUNDRED of the MOST EMINENT PERSONS of HER TIMES. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. MISS BURNEY'S DIARY. Preparing for publication, uniformly with the Life of Sir Walter Scott, in Monthly Volumes, the first of which will appear January 1. T HE DIARY AND LETTERS OF MADAME D'ARBLAY, Author of " Evelina," " &c., &c. Edited by HER NIECE. " To have some account of my thoughts, actions, and ac quaintance ,when the hour arrives when time is more nimble than memory, is the reason which induces me to keep a Jour nal—a Journal in which I shall confess every thought—shall open my whole heart." Such is the opening passage of Miss Burney's Diary. When we call to mind the person who formed this resolution and ad hered to it during the whole of her long life, was one of the most remarkable and justly celebrated women, not merely of her own, but of any time or country—that her family position, no less than her celebrity, commanded for her an intimate intercourse w ith all who were illustrious in English Literature and Art during their most illustrious era, the curiosity and interest this work must excite, can scarcely be increased. Yet it ought to be stated that shortly after the publicat ion of her second work " Cecilia," Miss Burney w .s spontaneously offered by Queen Charlotte a situation about her Majesty's person which brought her into daily intercourse with every in dividual forming the Court of George the Third. During this remarkable period of her life, Miss Burney never omitted, before she retired to rest, to record in her journal the events and conversations of the past day ; and this Private History of the Court of George the Third during the period in question, will form rart of the work now announced. The Correspondence, which will form another portion of this publication, and will take its place chronologically with the Diary, will include, besides a large number of Madame D'Arhlay's own Letters, a selection from these addressed to her by the various distinguished literary and other persons with whom she was intimate. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street, Orders received by all Booksellers. a is MAJESTY the EMPEROR o AUSTRIA, His MAJESTY the EMPEROR of RUSSIA, His MAJESTY the KING of PRUSSIA, having AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED several DIS TRIBUTIONS of MONEY DIVIDENDS, which (tbnugh they are NO LOTTERIES) offer many possibilities of obtain *ng LARGE FORTUNES, HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH and at LUBECK, tre now SELLING ORIGINAL BONDS for the said DIS FRIBU TIONS. Persons desirous to urchase for the Next Distributions may receive, PREVIO US to giving any orders, the PRO 81"ECTUS and PARTICULARS, upon addressing a line to HEINE BROTHERS. The NEXT AUSTRIAN DISTRIBUTION contains D VIDENDS of £25,000 £6OO 5,000 400 1,500 200 1,000 150 800 120 HEINE BROTHERS having remitted during a short time 25,0001., 18,000/., 9,000/, 5,0001., 3,6001., &c. &c. &c., to London ; 3,6001., 8001., and 7001., to Edinburgh ; 3,6001. to Dublin ; 3,600/. to Beverley; 3,6001. to Halifax ( Yorkshire); 1,2001. to Portleaven Harbour ; 9001., 7001. and 6001. to Li verpool ; 9001. to Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; 900/. to Hull ; 9001. and 600/. to Manchester ; 700/. to East Retford (Not tinghamshire); 600/. to Bideford ; 6001. to Cork ; 6001. to Bradford ; they shall feel glad to remit many Dividends of the next Distribution to England, Ireland, and Scotland. Direct for Proipectus and Particulars, without delay, either to HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH, or to HEINE BROTHERS, at LUBECK. £llO £7O 100 60 90 50 80 Sterling. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN. UNDER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS, THIS EVENING, DEC. Will be repeated Bellini's Opera of NORMA.—Pollio, Mr. W. Harrison; Flavius, Mr. Clement White, Oroveso, Mr. Leffler ; Adalgisa, Miss Rainforth ; Clotilda, Miss Grant ; and Norma by Miss Adelaide Kemble. After which, CHARLES THE TWELFTH.—CharIes the Twelfth, Mr. W. Farren ; Adam Brock, Mr. Bartley ; Eudiga, Madame Vestris. Doors to to opened at half-past Six—the performances to commence at Seven. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First and Second Circles, ss. ; Second Price, 25. 6d. ; Pit, 3a.; Second Price. 2i. • Gallery, Is. Tickets and places for the Boxes to be taken Of Mr. Grogan at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may be bad upon application. Private Boxes to be bad so'ely of Mr. Andrews, bookseller, 167. New Bond-street. To-morrow, the New Comedy, entitled Court and City, with United Service, and Wooden Leg. POPULATION RETURNS. We have had so many inquiries for The Sun, containing an abstract of the Population Returns, that we shall republish the tables, with consider able additions, on Saturday next, the 25th inst. THE RAILWAY SUN IS NOW RE-PUBLISHING, PRICE SIXPENCE. TIIE CHINA SUN, AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SUN ARE STILL ON SALE, PRICE SIXPENCE EACH. Sun Office, Dec. 21, 1841. TO CORRESPONDENTS. The letter from Mr. Baker would lead to a correspondence of little interest to the public, and we must therefore decline to publish it. THE WEATHER..—NooN, DECEMBER 20. ROYAL GALLERY OF SCIENCE, ADELAIDE-STREET. Thermometer... 32 Highest 33 Lowest 24 Barometer 29.41.—Wind N.E.—Freezing Point 22 Deg. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning 53 minutes after 6 I Evening l4 minutes after 7. not on equally good authority, yet still , on authority worthy of credit, that the progress of those manufactures in which England has hitherto excelled is, in several parts of the Con. tinent, very great—that we are already under sold in the foreign markets by Saxon hosiery. and some Species of cotton; it appears likely that we shall be still further undersold in the foreign market, and that there will be still more misery at home,unless some measures be adopted, if possible, to put a stop to the decay of our ma nufactures, and the increase of poverty and want. It is impossible to deny this condition of the ►manufacturing districts, so strongly attested, and almost impossible, we fear, to doubt that it Must become worse and worse, if its cause be not removed. What then, is the cause. It is happily within our power to remove it. The minds of our people have not been smitten with atrophy, nor have their hands lost their cunning. The seasons have not been much below the average fertility, and we every day read proud vauntings of the wonderful im provement in the cultivation of the soil. The land has not been desolated by earthquakes, vol canoes, nor very serious inundations. We possess, in the vast knowledge and skill of our people, the elements of unbounded wealth. Some silly persons, the Premier amongst them, say that evils which have been increasing for years, as our columns testify, are caused by the contemptible haste of a few joint-stock banks to get rich, and their failure—a cause as inadequate to account for the effects as the firing of the guns at the fortress of St. Elmo for the bursting forth of a desolating stream of lava from the sides of Vesu vius. Others, more silly still, say the misery arises from too much wealth. They will have it that our people are impoverished because they have produced too much. If these are not arrant fools, they are arrant knaves. The cause is not single, further than it may be expressed by one phrase—unjust legislation, of which the foremost and most afflicting specimens are the Corn and Provision-laws. There is great distress in the land, and there is also, co-existing with that, a large series of unjust laws, restrict ing trade, and taking away the property of the suffering classes to enrich the law-makers and their immediate dependents and friends. The co existence cannot be denied, nor can it be denied that these laws are sufficient to account for the existing evils. We hold it to be trifling wantonly with important and solemn matters to divert attention, by side-wind inquiries, from this most plain and certain connection. The manufacturers at all the three meetings, they being some of the most intelligent men in the country, were una nimously of opinion that the Corn and Provision laws were the main cause of the distress. How can we remove the cause ? The Tory Journals make light of the distress, and scoff, in an unseemly manner, at the manufacturers and Ministers who have brought the distress to public notice. They do but give utterance, we are afraid, to the sentiments of the party in power, and the manufacturers, it appears, are to be de nied relief, and treated as rebels if they utter the just language of indignation. One Tory Journal brands them day after day as men who deal in falsehood, another as prompters to sedition, and a third says the country can spare them. If the manufacturers expect relief or compassion from those who thus habitually traduce them, they are weak and contemptible, and not the hard headed andstrong- minded men we take them to be. An aristocracy or a Government acts on sys tem or rule ; it has no feelings, no sense of justice or of honour; and all history is a lie if such a body have ever done justice to the people,except on compulsion. Our ancestors heretofore ex torted every right they possessed from the tyrants of the hour, and the manufacturers must by legal means imitate their example, and extort their rights from the tyrant aristocracy. We are, in truth, glad to see, from the language of Mr. BRIGHT, at Manchester, that some of them take this view. We must tell the gentlemen manufacturers that it is idle and even contemptible in them to complain of the unjust aristocracy, and to go on admiring and even worshipping it. Their silly admiration of this Lord and that Lord, and their still sillier imitation of the splendid follies of those who plunder them, are the roots of the power which overshadows and destroys them. Nothing but their own prejudices or passions could work their own ruin. Their deference to rank and to landowners places fet ters on their minds and bodies, and gives them powerless into the hands of their enemies. To be successful they must stand forth independent men, and cease to revere, as the greatest of hu man beings, an aristocratic receiver of rent, the produce of taxation. We were reminded by the Times yesterday, that there is no exclusive class who own and farm the land, and that it is purchaseable by the profits of the trader, or the capital of the ma nufacturer. It follows, therefore, that it is the unfeeling system which crushes the nation. In other words, men are crushed by their reverence for landed property, and for the dictates of large landowners, which lies at the bottom of most of our institutions. If that, in its origin, was just, we are taught by the evils the system now in flicts on the community, that to entertain it, long after the circumstances which warranted it have passed away, is wrong. We are, in fact, en slaved by our own prejudices. It is curious to find the same deference to rural occupations amongst the Communists of France and the Tories of England. " Cities," say the former, " must be destroyed, as centres of domination and cor. ruption." Half our towns, say the organs of the landlords, may be destroyed with advantage to the public. Happiness and virtue are only to be found, say the Tories, like the Communists, in rural districts and rural occupations. Both alike entertain an unfounded prejudice against the new population of manufacturing towns; and, by honouring the aristocratic landowners, the manu facturers half assent to the vulgar error, sanction the degradation of their occupation, and are parties to the oppression of which they complain. The Spectator asks, " what crime is there in being a landowner, to justify the exaction of the whole deficit of revenue from his class exclu- sively ?" The community replies, what merit is there in being a landowner to justify the exaction of an immense sum annually by taxation from the whole community for his class ? Though there be no merit, it may be doubtful if there be no crime, because the landlords have entered into a conspiracy to starve a portion of the people. The landlord who does not protest against their con duct, shares the crime of his class, and deserves to be mulcted for their offences. In the nature of rent, however, there is some ,hing so peculiar that it would seem reasonable to make it contribute largely to the expense of the State. Rent, according to modern authorities, is what remains after the whole expense of cultivation is paid, the capital employed renewed, and its legitimate profits paid. It springs only from the necessity to cultivate inferior land; rent only begins when land of an inferior quality is taken into cultiva tion, and it increases as men are driven to use worse and worse soils. It is the result of the greater produce of those lands which are more fertile than the land last taken into cultivation. Why that peculiarity in soils, which makes one yield more than another, should belong to one class only of the community, is difficult to say. Ateordingly, as it is seen that rent rises in the progress of society, from the increase of popula tion, and the necessity of having recourse to soils of less and less fertility, it is said that this extra produce of the fertile land should belong to no individuals, but should belong to the State. It• is said that this natural revenue ought to go to pay the expense; of the State. If the rental of the country, therefore, be sufficient to bear all the expenses of the State, there ought, according to this theory, to be no taxes, and all taxation should be paid by sent. This is the answer to the Spectator's question, why the class of the land- , owners should exclusively bear the burden of the State. The Spectator says, speaking of Mr. COBDEN'S speech at Derby— There may be dignity, if not prudence, in refusing to offer any inducements t o th e l an d e d ma j or i ty i n Parlia ment to repeal the Cora-laws beyond mere abstract appeals to justice, but there is quite as little dignity as prudence in augmenting their prejudices against the cause of free trade and its supporters by threatening them with confiscation, even if they grant what they at present refuse. The Spectator objects, therefore, if we under stand the meaning of the passage, to threaten ing the landlords. But it is admitted by the Spectator, or was formerly admitted—what it now admits we know not—that the Corn-laws plunder the many for the few. The Spectator would then have the many speak to the plunder ing few fairly and softly, and ask them gently and kindly to take their hands out of the people's pockets. Thus the stern, rigid, unbending Spec tator is the encourager of robbery. It would have us bribe the landlords by fair and soothing words to allow the people to enjoy their own, Apart from the meanness of such a course, worldly wisdom demonstrates that it is not pru dent. Men are not to coaxed from rapine by flowery speeches. We mentioned yesterday that we apprehended the Tories would propose a plan to relieve dis tress, by putting down public meetings and en chaining the press. While our remarks were composing, the Times was preparing a demand for a new law to put down the Repeal Associa tion in Ireland. Here are our Contemporary's words : Above all, the Repeal Association must not be suf fered to continue its mischievous existence. We wir, not pause to discuss with M r . O'C onne ll the quest i on ' whether it be so constituted as to be beyond the reach of , the existing law. If it be, let a new law be made that shall reach it. We hold that, at all events, it must be put down—by the present law, if the present law be apt for the purpose ; if not, then by express Act of the Le gislature. If the Repeal Association must be put down because it annoys the powers that be, why should manufacturing associations and the press be spared? The same arguments which would jus tify putting down one would justify putting down the other. Indeed the reasoning against the latter is more forcible, because there is much more danger to the aristocracy from the discussions on the Corn-laws, than to the State or the aris tocracy from the proposition to repeal the Union. We have, therefore, called the attention of the public at the right time to the probable designs of the Tories. They cannot retain power without using coercion, and coercion they will use if they are permitted. Forewarned is fore-armed ; if the starvationists succeed, it well be the fault of the people. We gave yesterday a summary of the proceed ings of'a meeting held at Leeds, for the imposi tion of a Church-rate, but the subject is of too much importance to be passed over with such slight notice, and we therefore give to-day a full report of the speeches and the result. These manufacturers, whom the Tory landlords i n th e i r madness would destroy, are an active, intelligent, and persevering race, and we are mistaken if they allow themselves to be crushed, either by Church, or what is commonly called State, but which in reality means the aristocracy. The very- Tories themselves in the manufacturing districts begin to see the selfish purposes of their Church and State friends. In Leeds, which returns one Tory Member, ten thousand persons assembled to decide upon a Church and, of course, a Tory question, and the friends of Sir ROBERT PEEL were defeated by acclamation. Affairs cannot go on longer under the present system. While the Church gets ten millions a year for religious services, and still agitates every parish for -more, and the landlords join with the priests in raising the price of provisions and restricting the labour of the first artisans in the world, the people starve. When the sup porters of Sir ROBERT PEEL find that their trade decays, and that they cannot put money in their pocket owing to the selfish laws passed by a fa voured class, we shall have a re-action which nei ther Whig, Radical, nor Chartist ever dreamed of. We yesterday published a letter on the Observ ance of the Sabbath, not that it contains any argu ments which in the slightest degree invalidate those urged by another Reverend Correspon dent last week, but in order that on such an important question both parties may have a fair hearing; and we are glad to find that though the two venerable pastors of the Church pursue different routes, they come to the same point at last, namely that the Christian Sabbath (adopting the words of St. IGNATIUS) ought not to be kept as a Jew ish Sabbath. This, hovrever, is all the praise that can be given to the arguments of "J. S." in opposition to those of his fellow-labourer in the vineyard, and as he seems to boast of his supe rior abilities at the adva'aced age of four score, we may be permitted to remind him that both his logic and his memory are defective. 'He argues, that because ov.r SAVIOUR appeared to his disciples twice on the: first day of the week, that day should be observed as the Sabbath, without reflecting that he appeared to them a third time, when they were at sea fishing. If he studied his Bible carefully, he would find, too, that ST. PAUL preached oftener on the last than the first day of the week ; that he preached, in fact, on all days; and that he never made use of the expression t attributed to him— " Remember the Sabba th day to keep it holy.'' If our venerable friend confounds MOSES with St. PAUL he must admit that his quotations are worse than useless, because they only de ceive. He assumes also that the letter to which he refers, was opposed to the Ob servance of the L )rd's Day, whilst it had the opposite tendency, and described, in terms of great exultation, the blessings which a Christian (not a Jewish) observance of it confers on mankind. If argument.s are not founded on facts, they only defeat thos e who use them. The news brought by the Levant mail from Egypt is exceedingly unra.vourable to British commercialists. A letter fi orn Alexandria of the Gth of November, states, that MEHEMEr ALI had ordered the Commercial Treaty between England and Turkey to be carried into effect in all the ports of Egypt, aad that one of the immediate results was the. raising of the duty Irom 3to 12 per cent. !British goods which had paid a duty of 3 per cent. were required to pay the remaining dxity • of 9 per cent., and in case of refusal to be seized. In con sequence of this order- large seizures of British goods actually toolk place at Cairo, nor did it appear that the new Consul-General was over eager to afford protecti.on to the merchants, whose commercial rights were thus fraudulently invaded. The PAICHA gave no notice to the merchants of his intent ion to infOrce the Treaty, and his conduct in. clai ming an extra duty upon goods upon which. ti .me regular duty charged when they were lands NI in Egypt had been paid, is clearly a violation ( international law. Madrid Papers of the 11th inst., have been duly received. In du Gazette of that date we find a decree of the Regent, granting an am nesty to all the sold iers implicated in the attack on the Palace on th .e 7t,'l of October. This is a very salutary meal are, al Id a complete answer to all the furious a n d nu founded diatribes of Mr. O'CONNELL at the Dub,,..in Corn Exchange. On the Madrid B ,our se, on the 11th, one bar gain took place in t he ' Threes at .23, for 60 days, to the amount of 200,0 30 mats; twelve bargains in the Fives, at 321 for cash; 32.1 for'6o days, for 5,960,090 IN gals; seven bargains for 10,309,576 re.ais took place in the debt without interest, at 5k 6 for as: ;h, and 6.1- for 60 days. The French Jour n a, Is of Friday and Saturday have been duly rec AVE. d. On Friday the Court of Peers found a I ,atch of the prisoners guilty, but as the Court will h, Ave to deliberate upon their punishmer i t 1 nay yet be a week before sentence i s pros iounced upon them. In the mean time con, 'essors are set at Vis ~fort .., :2. ..- ( 1 $ , nu W , i cl 4, Nfo,„ i ..r., 'At et 7.— . THE PRINCE OF WALES. The following is a copy of the original document, di recting the insertion of the name of his Royal High ness the Prince of Wales in the Litany, when read in the Principality : _ " Yn y Llys yn Windsor, y Degfed o Ragfyr, 1841, yn Bresennol, ei Hardderchoccaf Fawmydi y Frenhines mewn Cynghor. " Yn gymmaint a'i fod trwy Weithred ddiweddar yr Unffurfiad, yr bon sydd yn sefydlu y Liturgy, nen:y Gwas anaeth Cyffredin yn orchymynedig na bo un Ffurf neu Drefa o Weddi Gyffredin i gael ei harferyd ar gyhoedd, amgen nac a bennodir neu a osodir allan i'w harferyd yn a chan y Llyfr dywededig, er hynny darperir ar fod yn yr holl Weddiau, Litanies, a Cho:ectau, y chai ydynt mewn unrhyw fodd yn perthynu i'r Brenhin, y Frenhines, neu i'r Eppil Brenhinal, i'r Enwau gael en newid a'u cyfnewid o Amser i Amser, a'u haddasu fel y bo yr Achos yn gofyn, acyn ol Gorchymyn Awdurdod cyfreithlon : Rhyngodd bodd i'w Mawrhydi heddyw yn y Cynghor ddatgan ei Brenhinol Ewyllys, Ar fod yn yr holl Weddiau, Litanies, a'r Colectau, dros y Brenhinol Deulu, i'r Geiriau, Tywysog Cymru' gael eu rhoddi i mewn yn nesaf ar ol y Geiriau 6 Y Tywysog Albert.' "Ac y mae Ei blawrhydi yn gorchymyn yn gaeth, Na byddo yr un Argraphiad o'r Llyfr Gweddi Gytfredin o hyn allan gael ei argraphu heb y Diwygiad hwn : ac yn y cyfamser, hyd nes y caffer Coplau o'r cyfryw Ar graphiad diwygiedig, dud i'r holl Bersomaid, Ficceriaid, a Churadiaid o fewn y Deyrnas hon (er rhwys!ro Cam gymmeriadau) ddiwygio a Phin ysgrifenu yr holl gyfryw Weddiau yn Llyfrau eu Heglwysydd, yn of y Cyfarwyd diadau blaenorol : Ac er helaethach Hyspysiad o hyn, argrephir a chyhoeddir y Gorchymyn hwn yn ddioed, a'i anfon i'r amrywiol Blwyfydd ; a bod i'r Gwir Barchedi gion yr Esgobiou ofain fod Ufudddod cyfattebol yn cael ei dalu iddo. " WM. L. BATHURST." THE WEATHER-PARKS. In the Regent's Park, on Sunday, several persons had the temerity to venture on the frozen surface near the Marquis of Wellesley's mansion, and were sliding and skating for some time ; the ice, although very strong, bent beneath their weight. About two o clock, whilst a gentleman was skating on that part of the ornamental water facing Hanover-terrace, the ice gave way, and he was immersed in the water. lie was immediately got out by William Griffiths, iceman No. 2. Towards the afternoon great numbers ventured on, although the ice was broken at the sides. In the forenoon a serious accident occurred in this park to a boy, named Jones, residing with his parents in North-street, Lisson-grove. The poor little fellow was sliding on a kind of gutter, caused by the late heavy rains, which was frozen, when he fell, and fractured his skull. In Hyde Park and Kensington-gardens crowds of persons were collected; but the only part of the Serpentine capable of bearing was near the bridge. On the Round Pond in Kensington-gardens great numbers were sliding and skat ing, as in the Regent's Park. The Royal Humane Society's men were on duty. The ice in St. James's Park was very thin. Sunday was piercingly cold, and in the forenoon there was a slight fall of snow. About two the weather cleared up, and the remainder of the day was clear and fine. The thermometer at the entrance of the superin tendent's office in the London Docks stood, on Sunday at noon, at 29 degrees. At four o'clock in the afternoon it had risen to 33. Throughout the day there was a slight breeze from about N.E. EXTENSIVE FRAUD ON THE BANK OF ENG LAND AT LIVERPOOL.—During the last week a fraud to the extent of 1,3301. was committed upon the above esta blishment, by means of forged checks upon a Belgian bank, known by the title of " Societe General pour favo riser I'lndustrie Nationale." The guilty party is a foreigner named Ranyier, between 35 and 40 years of age. His height is five feet four inches 7 - he has a florid complexion, and reddish hair. He speaks bad English, and but indifferent French. He is supposed to have arrived in Liverpool since the Ist instant, in order to em bark for America. The following is a description of the notes obtained :—One 3001., dated the 3d of February, 1841, No. 47,312 ; six 1001., dated the sth of February, 1841, No. 79,366 to No. 79,371 ; five 501., dated the 6th of October. 1841, No. 13,363 to No. 13,367 ; two 401., dated the 7th of June, 1541, Nu. 40,575 and No. 43,961 ; five 101., dated the 10th of September, 1841, No. 70,010 to No. 70,014 ; ten 5/. dated the 12th of October, 1841, No. 74,837 to No. 74,846. A confederate of Ranyier's N 4 as supposed to have gone to Leeds on Friday se'nnight, and the police-officers were on the alert to secure him. Their eff or t s, h owever, if h e did enter the town, were unsuccessful. THE WET WEATHER.—The pages of history inform us that in the year 1348, " It rained from Mid summer to Christmas so constantly that there was scarcely one day and night dry together. This wet season caused great flood s and a pestilence, which raged for one whole year. The earth was barren, and even the sea did not yi eld its accustomed quantity of fish ! !" Every one must be struck with the extraordinary coin cidence between what is recorded of 1348 and the present year. It has rained al most incessantly from Midsummer to Christmas. At no one period within the memory of the present generation have the fresh waters been kept up above their natural lev e l f or so l ong a t i me ; and the probability i s, that nearly five centuries have elapsed since a similar v isi t at i on has befallen this coun try.— Wiltshire Independent. Whi Atit. LONDON: TUESDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1841. Within ten days there have been three great meetings in the manufacturing districts, repre- senting the interests of six or eight counties, embracing not less than 3,000,000 people. At Derby, at Leeds, and at Manchester, the same or similar tales have been. told. There are great numbers of insolvencies and bankruptcies. Ma nufacturers have in general been working since 1836 at little or no profit; but they keep their mills going, because to stop them would be utter ruin. Masters are getting out of busi ness as fast as they can. Workmen are in general not above half the week employed, and are poorly paid. The actual suffering amongst them, their wives, and little ones, is appalling. Multitudes are insufficiently fed, they are des titute of clothing, bedding, and fuel. Poor-rates are extremely high, and are increasing, while the means of payment are diminishing. Crimes are increasing. Scores and hundreds of little shopkeepers who have contributed to the rates have shut up or have failed, or are unable, from want of custom, to contribute to the rates. Sictness and death necessarily follow in the train of poverty and want. Misery of the most afflicting kind pervades this important and numerous part of the com munity-, with no present hope of improvement. This is a very b r i e f an d con d ense d v i ew o f th e statements made at a ll t h ese meetings by resi dent manufacturer s an d m i n i sters . All the asser tions were supported by numerous facts, and there is no authority capable of gainsaying them. If such statements be not credible, human testi mony is in no case to be relied on. Manufac turing England , we are assured at all these places, never was i n suc h a d ep l ora ble co n diti on before, and great alarm for the consequences is mingled with great affliction at the existing distress. It was also stated at these meetings, though MORNING SUN work to terrify them into confession of guilt, and hopes are held out to then' that if they find more work for th e Procureur-General and the Peers, they may look forward to a mitigation of their sentence'' DUPA UR and COLOMBIER have already swalloweu the bait. These men s en t f or M. P a sc l utEn, t he Chteellor, to whom they made confessions 85 black as that judicial hack could desire' The consequence was, that on Friday two ca r " riages full of workmen, in the Faubourg St. Antoine, were seized and lodged in pris° Of course the example thus set by one portil of the prisoners will be f o llo we d by the rest, a ll thus we may expect to hear of arrests enough t° keep the Peers employed for weeks to come. But the great affair of interest in Paris is t he case of M. DUPOTY. If this man be fo ul ' guilty, the Charter of 1830 is of no m ore value to Frenchmen than an old song. Tile Peers will then have as openly violated the constitutional liberties of Frenchmen tts QUENISSET violated the law in levelling pistol at the head of the Duke of NEgovils' From that period the bonds connecting th e Crown with the nation will be broken, and It", will be a question of policy and convenience b long France may submit to the despotic y-oke 0t . , 0 the House of ORLEANS. The Co u rt of pee o Y trampling upon the charter, releases Frencluneu from any allegiance which they may sari °e themselves to owe to the ORLEANS dynasty. We have given in another column the opening Speech of the Minister of Comm erce to the Coon' cils of Commerce, Agriculture, and Industry' now sitting in Paris. We recommend the it to - attention of Pro-Corn-law legislators at lin% In France the effect of protective duties has b ee ., nearly to ruin the elegant manufactures of POa"T and to lead to a decrease of trade with l'ort u g Egypt, North America, and various other Sta tes. The beet-root monopoly is playing the veil deuce with the French Colonial trade. I, ilo By a Royal Ordonnance, dated th e 7th inst., t". ° ,, s , of of 649,126 f. remaining unemployed out of the cr eo n a 6,000,000 f. opened to the Mini s t ers o f P u blic Work s s t be War, by the law of the 10th June, 1841, is placed 3t . 1 13 disposal of the Minister of War, t o con tribute t 0 b)' the expenses of the fortifications of Paris, authorised the 11law of ry 3d April, 1841. -et' . Geais, the deputy for Provins, in the S ein c i e Marne, has, in consequence of his failure, resign n e fo g , seat. M. d'Ossonvile, son-in-law to the Duke de n it to lie, comes forward to succeed him, and M. Simon , 3 Sous-Prefect, is also named as a candidate. asse ls A correspondent of the Augsburg Gazette at Br; d in says that it is now proved that the persons iimplica.e.oo, the late abortive conspiracy kept up communi e3ll o ell not only with the Orangeists, but also with the Vr e Republicans. fou r A Toulon letter, in the Commerce, says that the, e ; ships of the line, under orders for sailing, left tha_tjrto on the 12th inst., and, it was beli eve d, would pr° °- • Tunis. 10 0 A letter from Rome states that the Duke de Tor fo r has brought a company of French actors to Rowe+, re . the winter, at his own expense, to g ive a series presentations in his Palace. but By Royal Ordonnance, of the 7th inst., n° ll- vi eell French vessels are to be employed in transport bet France and Algeria, exceptin cases of urgency s tem' General de Rumigny, who is going to take the „,r o l e a, ment of Algeria ad interim, al:lived en the 11th at -V n i c a The equipages of the Prince de Joinville reache d ' ° , fi ro , the same day, and are waiting his Royal Highness s ' s of The Seniinelle of Toulon says :—" The four 51 , 1 1 1 ,,' for the line, destined for the Archipelago, are all rea sailing. They are to be joined by several fri g ate s : cool' mud La Susse, having completed the term of " 1- l e mand, will, it is believed, be succeeded by the ne promoted Adml Le Ra" jot t was e r ' The steamer H ira avre, bound to that p o rt from , n dam, was run foul of by an American vess el as 5 ' 10 coming'out from the port of Rotterdam, on h er et uni• voyage, not many days back, and was forced t° but the She repaired her damage, and sailed again, ht l e h' weather was so bad in the Channel that she She at liged to put into Boulogne for several days• length made Havre. u roP ° ~ The Municipal Council of Mulhausen, on t he sition of the Mayor, M. A. Kcechlin, has just vo t b e tze of annual sum of 100,000 f. for an indefinite nurfitieue e. years, together with the land required in the ban „pa the town, towards the formation of the Mulhanse" Dijon railroad. r e ' The Bordeaux papers state that the Abbe L 3 c ° ,,, er e he the Dominican, is now preaching in that city, w :n i 3 ter excites the greatest attention. By order of the 3 ,0 d t o of Justice and Public Worship he is not a llow U su al appear in the dress of his order, but only in the ecclesiastical costume. ftent e e a A heavy inundation has been experienced at so within the last few days, where a bridge has bee n C a seJ away, and some of the quays damaged, but the ' I have at length subsided. a e The Hare of Caen announces the destruction by ' t e t e the house of the Count de Bricqueville, and also ef ro at great shot-manufactory of M. Benard, near jo g, l'Eveque. The latter accident was caused by lig - 1, 1° ,01i during a storm in the night of the 7th instant. '-' 1) - n ' e at, smaller houses in the neighbourhood were likewi se tr ess• so that numerous families are thrown into great dis gas A correspondent at Calais says that the went o ld 0 01 ' so bad yesterday, that the steamer for London c° l.l _ f o urs' leave the harbour. A fishing-boat from Boulog; nee?, dered off the port during the previous night , and / of five men perished. poisf The father of Quenisset is said to have arrived 111 for with the purpose of presenting a petition to the the The pardon of his son. professors of the Ecole des Beaux Arts bar g elec o rcf M. Ingres as their President, and M. Jarry de Vice-President, for 1842. Par is t i Count Le Hon, the Belgian Minister, left FlLl'ise terday, to be present at the opening of the T u ee l Wi t ' Mons railroad, a ceremony which is to be honotlroinas. the presence of the King and Queen of the Deq , te a e l) The Belgian Embassy wits brilliantly illitd°otlt. Thursday evening, in honour of the birth-daY as L Admiral Jubelin late Governor of Guadal°lls the been been named a member of the Commission, of Nu' lto rerf Duke de Broglie is President, to inquire into theosioniel system and the political condition of the French c ot 11 0 ,, m A correspondent of the Sud writes fro BeYrboarclr the Maronite Patriarch has taken refugealts ,J English ship of war, and intends to proceed to The Sud states that the Sultan was lately 1 er fol lij while going to a mosque in Constantinopl e t 0 ,P bhi nta his devotions. A fanatic in the crowd callenbe pl" giaour, for the reforms which he patronised it! I sev erell pire. The man was immediately arrested, and if° punished. !jo t h avi ng A letter from Constantinople represents the too of the Sultan to be dangerously ill, the physicit ll 7 o ,oo l.l announced her to be in an advanced state of 1 341 consumption. so o n . 0 % It is stated, in a letter from Rome, that, tt, s , he 1` e the railway of Castellamare shall be finish ed ' to /1:0 of Naples will make another, which will extent l ia th, frontiers of the Roman States, near Terracing, ,05cY a railway will be made from Leghorn by th e e r, , 0 Government, through the Maremme, to the fr ond Si A letter from Vienna, in the Swabian lliercu `buy aO l . l that the creditors of the house of Geymuller that bills will receive a dividend of 50 per cent., there will be no dividend upon book debts. Belg l All M. Dupont, an inhabitant of Verviers ( • ,en t ato' fev ( died there on the 12th inst., aged 102. He r his faculties to the last moments, and, until with l oag ° days of his death, passed much of his time in 0 3 d be , the During the last harvest at Dieter, province 0!.,P.1;e:f.: in Holland, a plant of rye was cut with 42 stal,t3 rovo' high each, having a ripened ear, containing I °,, e d ft' ) upon the average, so that the produce of the which they sprung was 4,200 fold. f ro - of We learn from Berlin that as the Prineefe,toniej was, on the 7th inst., returning from an in .; 11 n - t tet o l,o the barracks of the Cuirassiers of the Guard' vvithole, by Colonel de Stockhausen, the horses ran as`,,'%Y t he P ee t carriage, drove it against the town-wall, brollo raoll'itbe and threw the coachman from his box. At ; t , e the horses were checked by the shock, the c re d ev,o, Colonel jumped from the carriage, and meet jury, but the coachman, being entangled in _ fle d :T n g could not be released in time before the frigh' fle* mats got away again, dragging him with them• much hurt, but is not in danger of his life. 9. BOURSE—Panis, SATURDAY, DEc• r t A', int Highest Lot - 91 Price Price. P. 0 o p • i ei,ch 5 4 per Conti 4O 640 ••• 90 ••• - 1 6 ' per Cents lOO 91 1 1 0 iP ••• 1( 22 /0• 3 per Contr. ex div 7B 25 . 18 30 . 3445 0 . • ,1 +nt.i, 01 erance Latfitte Sank I,ooof. St tires 104: ...IC4O 5,000 f. Shares 5060 , ••• 5 """ Iguan Rank Belgian 5 per Cents. 5 per Cents., 1840 1027 ... 102 X '" p,ntsh Active 14. .E 4ta ••• 2 8••• Portuguese 5 per Cents. .eapolttar, ex div. 102.3 i 102% ••• e,9 RAILWAY RAILWAY SHARES 60 ••• j 5 6, St. Germain Versailles, L.B 197 50 ... 197 50 -• 75 ..• 45,1 H. El 3lB 75 220 -• 455 "'el/5 iy 4:.5 455 ••• ••• 2. urleans . . it, ,cl , lrlz to Batr.shares red 2:25 225 ••• . .', NO RTHA MPTON.—(From a COrreSP Onr.jp 0' —A County meeting was held here on Thu r ipe c i P to address the Queen on the birth of the tbg 061 Wales. Mr. Markham, in the absence o f n Sheriff, was in the chair, and Earl Spence r a l fa u en_74l , Mr. Cartwright seconded the address. An "i f ill vas moved and seconded by C. Harrison a nd e at ° o f P I , lane, both working men, containing a staten' s ,ion prevailing distress, and a prayer for the retil n ' din en d, bo punishment to political offenders. The in"! an tive c d put, and in the opinion of the Chairman the Chartists thought otherwise, and acr o bill t ),bo" Chairman, while Mr. Markham, with tLe W er e clergy left the hall. A number of resolutionrsdoe, passed, and the meeting separated in good ' 10) ..1 .9, to SELECT PREACHERS FOR 00°„ refi relicOV' gentlemen who have been designated *oh ae e ttroe Select - 1 - ,too succeed those who will go out of office at e a . are, we believe, all anti-Tractarians, with 5he 450 30 of Archdeacon Manning, the apostle of PU S* diocese of Chichester.—Oxford Chronicle. `r. i Ift. hts