The Sun. — London, England, 1828-07-04 00:00:00

er even E XECUTION. —(THIS MORNING.) quently se it so " DEATH OF MONTGOMERY AT THE OLD BAILEY. struck Ti Inerning the usual number of the lower class, and did everal of a in • not B a il., . ore tespeetable grade, assembled in the Old tan wM br ta wittietts the last moments of John Montgomery, R-4111 g forged notes; Wm. Rice, for burglary at Tot- of that Rnhata. Geor e lforris and James Anderson, for I.o`'"Perate assault and g robbery on a 111:111N1113 had been de :he ma. h: j ed r , j t'ta her lodgings by Mary Morris, a prostitute. On a mere kaaa C ia t they called this girl as a witness, and she de ,that th e prosecutor was qu i te d run k at th e t i me o f 'wode )A LUZ., I,e ' taw:, The prosecutor himself, and two watchmen, iERRA',S deaf h e was sober, and Mary Morris wagcommitted p with vitae b u r'` • AS she said that she would bring several' li vanity lite r Zeler trialnti what she had deposed, a respite tt arrived at lc . as they —ewgate at three o'clock vester •'▪ Y aft ernoon for Morris and Anderson. They received it 13ER E s 'i l p L p e gr a a rea ciau slY, they had made up their minds to die, and efficient , J oh almost disappointed at the respite. I 1 • 4110 otgoluer was a man of getletnanly ex . terior, eetl(43 , and conn y ections. He had once borne Ins Ma :ngiand le•Ys eunimiasion, but by', irregularities he had dissipated an, and ~," a nd his mode of Halt* for some subsequent ears as flu ? onahle. Owing either to the exhaustion did sealy t next .11 :our ce __, • • out Ingenuity, or far more probably to the modern . no r- ""aestt of tradesmen, his name and stratagems became ccountg , „ known and the latter frequently frustrated. His passing ": 1a af living, in consequence, being more precarious, he severalßani had recourse to a more desperate game---that of Was to ao ah • n g forged notes. His gen tlemanly address and inai• n "' I Ing plausibili ty h a d ena bl e d hi m to mace mare trades than any other man upon record, an d h ar dl y a county ay that iii gland was without one of his victims. natural and acquired a dvantages had also made him 1 ,2' l dan gerous man to soc i ety i n c i rcu l a ti n g his forged , -0- " , and, i n a l most every case b roug h t aga i ns t hi nt , h e ieen re. 9 t did without the s li g h test susp i c i on o f hi s d ec epti on . t 144 , however, the iron hand o: the law fired him; his onto do and description b e c am e published, and numerous e have it 'IN Were brought against him. Whin placed 1 W bar of the Old Bailey, he pleaded " Guilty" L V er y one of them. He was admonished by the , ,„ I ,M Jud ge that no expectation of mercy amid k Y.) th hel d nut to hint bylais pursuing that course, but he an -1,1",'.ed firmly and resignaally, that lie perfectly understood t 'urtiship but he had formed his resolution after great 'liberation:and persisted in his plea. It is not known ,is tiltther he depended on the interest of his friends, or the ay, was 41 he offered, for a commutation of punishment, but l l ' certain, that front that time Ire prepared himself for '"e Worst. He conducied himself with the calm serious, his re- lof an unfortunate ma n , an d p a id every attent i on to Lips 15 devoboes. Rh friends were waiting till nine o'clock last night for Counsel r ' l Pite, but the priso n d oor c l ose d w i t h out one, and they her the , a W him, for the last time, resigned and firm. After their sdietion le llartur e he pr ocure d ma t er i a l s , an d commence d wr i t i ng a ly, that e . tt, r to one o f hi s fellow-risoners as the turnkey locked , of thisl 44 11 1 1 for the night. At p that time the thunder rumbled ordship " the prison vau lt s w i t h a f ear f u l ve h emence , b u t tett that as fte ented alike U ns h a k en e i t h er by the noisy elements or ipg the he own reclines. At 20 m i nu t es b e f ore s i x t hi s morn i ng , k single " turak4, opened the cell, and saw hitn stretched dead Ir. Pit-. ' i t : big bed, He itnntediatelv alarmed Mr. Knox, jun., satisfa" 7_ Surgeon, and Mr. Woottier, the Governor of New ' There Le i • They hastened to the cell, anti found him lying in ;curt of '*Ping positiou, with his eyes open, and the muscles of her anti " count enance undist ur b e d. No symptom of suicide to devil ° '"d he discovered. His stomach was emptied, and no. moving Pa earane e of his having taken poison presented itself; nor a ppear, by external symptoms, to have died of apo ;pc On th e t a bl e lay the letter wh i c h he had f i n i she d , 1-e:etix.wtuhritickhe7usiaattilave occupied him for two hours after - left him. It was looked to with 'arr want tY, hut nothing appeared in it , which could a su Pposition of his having medidated self and it e4tr ne a "°a When he wrote it. An inquest will of work_ aurse be h e ld an the body . It. is known that there are o e a chera , kat prepa ra ti o ns (Prussic acid for instance) trill caus e i nstautaaeous d ea th by operating on the roprie- "ye- Such might have been the case with yontgomery : abbey, • e m ight hav e h a d some suc h po i son se cr e ted, but the Co, art iu- H2e r' , Jury will decide that question. ~, mine ; wretched young man William Rice was then at taitm t" et t by the Rev. Dr. Cotton, and the flev. Mr. Baker, and stored the in at the usual time. His youth ex , p r ess-roo m ex stances "e<l considerable pity as he advauccd with a fearless, yet Ito the '' s Pectable demeanour, to be bound. He prayed inwardly ha de- r itb his eyes raised, and front that moment never spoke. k Walked to the scaffold with the Larne unconsciousness r terror, and trembled not while the rope was adjusting d that Ida handkerchief tying over his eyes. The drop fell, remov- I Straggled violently for some seconds after which -could raised hie handa gently, the executioner hung on the Waage ) 4, and he moved no more. m time IAY.) erling, mica ; tobart, Susan, ; anti d the i Ma , from !ft the , Per- rrived Ike of oz. ey left ee per Re. Bank iequer 48 9 ; 2; 72 ; 60_; m,56 dean, over about lashes qat of Pauli If. the ming ut of com- cause nto a one ills of vorn treeq sire of lives seat visit 1 Sir. THE MARKETS. -(THIS DAY.) EXCHANGE. bThe supplies of most kinds of Grain Chia week are bat rb Y good, and of Flour there is a fair quantity. The eat trade remains very: heavy at Monday's prices.— Beaus, and Pease are dull, but unaltered In value. Meet a very indifferent sale, as so many parcels now 4 " nut of c on di t i on. The Flour trade may again be Ported extremely heavy. rand ARRIVALS. !lOW, .. Wheat. Barley . . o.tts. I Flour. 11:11, • ....... 4,200 qrs. 340 qrs. 2,30(1qr5.i 5,500 sacks. orcl4 ..... •••• 2,200 con ofEce 150 • ' cr L AVERAGE PRICE OF BRITISH CORN, f,thhe Week ended June 27, ISS, made up from the Returns e Inspectors in the different Glues and Towns in England and Wale. Ih e , t • , per Imperial Quarter. ari e „----565. I 7d. Oats I 21s. 4d. Beans—....— SSA, 2d. WA.' 4d. Rye 31s. I Id. Pease... 395. Bd. 7he4 . Per Winchester Quarter. Beans 475. O. atleL"'"-^51,. 10d. Oats —..... 20s. Rd. 4d. Rye 30 I s. Ild. Pease —.:3Bs. 'less T • SM ITHFIELD MARKET. . hie day's supply of Beasts was very limited, and that ° tiler kinds of fat stock (ly no mea n s great, but the mi ler _ being unfavourable for slaughtering-, and the trade I , t ,he carcass markets very dull, each kind of meat met ' lt ' a very sluggish sale—Beef, Mutton, and Pork, at . ,HelY Monday's prices; Lamb and Veal at an advance of 4. Per stone. "ICES PER STONE OP BLES. TO SINK THE orrA LS. iferi s. d. to m . d . . s. d. to s. d. „,,,,, ,„ ,3' Beasts 2 8 3 0 Large Lambs 4 0 0 0 riiiV ol Auality ditto :3 0 3 6 Prime sma l l ditto... 0 0 56 I.,,, o * large Oxen 4 4 4 6 L arge coarse Calves 3 6 4 0 '" Scots &e. 44 4 6 Prime small ditto... 310 5 2 L ni ti Sheep oar, quality ditto 3 2 3 6 Small Porkers,...... 5 2 5 6 I o,7t,'*-_,lvoolled ditto :3 8 4 0 Suckling Cakes 12,. to 325. each. 4403 mM/ethers 4 2 4 6, Quarterold Pigs las. to2ls. each. i , sUPPLY, AS PF.R. CLERK'S STATEMENT. --*, stß. `Sheep and Lambs.' Calves. I Pig av s. A < S7 I 10,620 414 , 1 120 ,"e,d useful short hors; Milch Cow, that bad recent l y -Was worth from 211. to 23/. • • ~----- `,I.:ING ATE AND LEAI)FNHALL MARKETS. At per stone, by the Carcass. Iry a. d. to s. d. s. d. t oe. d. 1144" , ................. 2 8 310 Teal 'l 4 410 2 8 310 Pork ."7 Lamb 4s. Ocl. to ss. 2d. 7 1 , FISHZIARKE'f, 1111.1.INCisGATE. but • o's market exhihita moderate supply of , • ' tlw orn' quality was very fine . The sto c k was prin.. .1,,7 1 11 Y from the coasts of France and Holland. —The fol , p, l i t were the prices :-- ni t i t be Turbot, each 2OA Od. to 245. Od. ki ll 0 small, per do. h o t' buries, each 0 0 l5 0 2 0 10 6' Sn N three i 1,. Per pa ra 8„. - ”on per lb at • • 10 7 0 li a „t• each 6 0 24. 0 t r ipocks, per dozen C ut , each .... ....... • •••• :3 0 8 0 Li v l , otts, each . Liv Flounders, per quarter!) 1) ut e „,Ee 6 ,per alb. 1.1 4 '.•.4 Plaice, tier 3 basket 0 0 .0 0 6 0 - if I,,4,Lobgters, per score 4O 0 50 ° )L ust iltiitto 4q, per 120 Rev. ," !O 00n, florae SOUTHALL MARKET.—JuIy , 2. u Y'r, Thi ' day' s tuar k e t was inoderateiy we ll supp li e d, but the hoth f rom L on d on an d the su rroun di ng neighbour :D°4 httving been pretty ntunerous, such kind of fat stock let w ith a tolerably ready sale, at the following prices er rette of 81b. to sink the otEllst— ruttZ-----. '3s. 4d. to 4s. 6d. I Veal 4.2 d. to ss. 2d. 3 6 4 6 Pork------ 44. 5 4 b 4s. 4d. to ss. 4d. con, , prop me rableortion of the supply left the market unsold: etT HAI LSII AM MARK El'.—July 2. I u to 4s. 4d. I 4s. ntl. to 4s. 4d. 0 Land) 4ti 1 Pork .4 (1 0 0 t Supply . good, trade with Iluttun, Lamb, o and Veal, brisk; with ett depressingly dull. STEYNING ARKET.—June 39. 4tt. Ott. to Is. N. .I Veal 48.4 d. to 4s. &I. Atm + 4 0 4 8 Pork— 0 0 Lamb A. 45., 6d. to ss. 4d moderately fair supply, arid a dull trade. ARUNDEL 51A llkET.--July 1. 3s. ltkl. to 4s. 6d. 4s. Od. to 4s. 64.1. Lamle ul tton 4 0 4 6 -.I 0 0 0 W 4d. to 5; 4,1 A good'supply, and a dull trade. RuMroici) 31 ARKET.—JuIy . le, P. Si. to F, d. .. d tos. d. dig 1 'I 4 4 4 Veal ................ .. - :1 IU 5 0 ~ .................. . 6 t win .3 4 4 Pork ... ............... 4 2 5 U a:‘ , . I.4nth Plgsl6s. to 2Oti. each . Supply good, and trade very dull.. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. Housr , OF Lor t o-;, Juty The Criminal jastico Ireland Bill, the La.•ceny Laws tl , e Stamps on Policies or I.isn ranee Bill, the Plate Glass Duties Bill, and the India Prize Money Bill, were read a third time anal has p ed.. Mr. R. Gonpos ant others from the Commons brought up the County Lunatic Asylums Bill, to which an amendment to their Lordships' amend ment had been added. ", On the motion of the Earl of LIMERICK, cer tain returns connected with the Lish Butter Trade were ordered. _ _ _ Lord CLH?DEN presented a petition from Dun dalk, against the Market Towns in Ireland - Lord GWYDYR presented a. petition froM Boston ' Lincolnshire, against Slavery. The Hotel Licensing Bill went throu g h a Com mittee. Lord GWYDYR presented a petition. from certain lead miners in Carnarvon, praying for ad ditional protection to British lead. Lord GOSFORD presented a petition from the Irish Mining Company, praying for protection to the Mining interests in general. - Lord 'KING said - that before their Lordships pro ceeded'to the question to be discussed this evening, he felt it his duty to present to them . a petition closely connected with the subject. It came from a persou known to their Lordships, to whom he was sure they would pay every attention. It was the petition of Mr. Cobbett, and the petitioner's object was, that their Lordships should not in any degree vary the Act of 1826, by which the circulation of notes under .5/. was to cease after next April. For his own part, the - Noble lord thought that the ' worshippers of paper-money were of the worst description of heretics. He was an enemy to declarations of any sort, but if he were to have a declaration, he cer tainly 'would prefer one, stating that the worship of paper money was a superstitious and damnable idolatry.—(A laugh.)—He thought that bY this means he would exclude from Parliament persons much more wicked tharr those against whom decla rationswere at present levelled. In fact this love of paper was the most damnable of all heresies; lie had called it the other day the Manichwan heresy, because its votaries worshipped the very principle of evil; for paper money was their god, and high prices their heaven.—(A laugh.) The . petitioner. stated that efforts were made by the representatives of those who wished to extend their circulation, to convince Parliament that they were the friends of the poor. .Mr. Cobbett, on the other hand, stated that—and in this the Noble Lord fully agreed with him—none suffered so much from the . Small Note currency as the Poor. Who, he would ask, suffered most by the failure of Banks ? Those, who coulti not afford to refuse a I!. note, or those who were too ignorant to know its insecurity. it was, therefore too absurd for any person to say that he wished to assist the poorer classes by keeping up an insecure and useless paper. money. The Noble Lord well remembered when in 1826 one of those issuers of. paper money became etnbarassed, he was examined before a Committee, who were enquiring into his affairs; when asked what quantity of his notes were out, his answer was, I don't know. He was asked what rule he went by in issuing his money, and his answer was, none. He was then asked, what limit there was as to quantity? he replied, we issue our notes according to the wants of the public ; that is to say, he issued all that he could send out, and this he called attending to the wants of the public. The Noble Lord, after alluding to the Earl of Stanhope's eulogy on the Bank Restriction Act, said that the petition characterised the power given to Bankers of issuing notes as an invasion -of the King's pre rogative.—(A laugh.)—And very justly ; for why should Parliament grant to unauthorised persons the privilege of coining ? This prerogative had bielittven to his Majesty for the purpose of se• curing_ and 'regulating the currency. , If this power were also extended to, these paper-shops, it could be looked at,in no other light. than as an invasion of the privilege:conferred on his Majesty for the security of his people. If such a system were allowed, the effect would be, that there would be no security from panic. As ; to payment in gold, being a complete check on the issue of papers--it was in fact none. There was an esprit du corps among these issuers of paper, and. if a gentleman .were. to ask assistance from them, the very first question would. be "is he one of those who ever asked gold,from us, if so he can have no assistance." ; • . The Noble Lord then presented Om petition, which was read at length by the Clerk. ABUSES IN THE CONSTABULARY DEPART• MENT IN IRELAND. • The Marquis of LANSDOWNE had a petition to present to their Lordships,upon which he wished to say a few words. The petition, which came from Landed Proprietors in the county of Wexford, related to a subject which had. been already once adverted to in their Lordships' House, and the object of the peti tion was to implore their Lot dahips' attention to abuses, which the petitioners felt themselves justified in saying had-attached, and, at. present did attach, to the police system' in Ireland. - Hewas the more de sirous of attracting their Lordships' attention to this consideration—if it were their duty to make an in quiry into this subject—from a knowledge that the abuses of which the petitioners complained were not confined to the county of Wexford, but also prevailed to a considerable extent in the county of Kilkenny,and might, for aught he knew, prevail in other counties. It bad been proved that in Wexford, to which county the present petitioners belonged, the chief constable had been for a considerable period in the habit of converting to his own use the money levied in the county for public purposes, delaying and avoiding, under various pretences, to pay the salaries of his inferior officers, and unhappily—owing to the negli gence of the local government—he had been enabled to sell his estate and leave the country, without leaving behind hint any thing answerable for that defalcation which it was now proved had taken place in the funds intrusted to him, or any thing appl!- cable to the relief of the petitioners, who were great sufferers, though they had no share in the appoint ment of the chief constable. In the county of Kilkenny, contrary to a rule--a rule, he knew not why adopted—which prevailed there, prevent ing the publication of the accounts of the police, at the repeated representations to the local govern ment, of the members of the county, and of the gentlemen composing the grand jury of Kilkenny, whose attention had been attracted to the enormous sums entrusted to the Chief Constable, the inhabi tants of that county were enabled to procure a de tailed acc ount , an d t h ey no sooner exam i ned it, than they discovered that a large portion of those sum' • had not reac h ed their destination. There was also in Wexford a Chief Constable unable to account for the sums levied on the people of that county. lie therefore had no difficulty in stating, upon the show ing of th e p et i t i oners, that a strong-: case for inquiry was made out. Some papers relating to Wexford be on this subject bud cnin_oyeclfor in the other Home of Parliame n t ; ii move o f f o rKt Kilkenny, addressed d ou r 6 oL d tdh etioithe also report proposed local o Go of theo‘ to raritlic Jury l • tne nt of Ireland. He 'shoulti not make th a t motion to. night, but would do so to-morrow, lest there might be any objection to it, b t . 1011 14... he anticipated Done. Let it not be supposed that the evil was confined to the mere pecuniary lost sustained by the petitiouers. The evil went much further, for in those remoti! Parts of the country, when those` individuals selected on the part of Government, were guilty of flagrant delinquencies, the effects of which in civil society, and in transactions between man and man, would not be tolerated, the immoral effect of that example on a people situated as the Irish were, in disposing them to commit acts of fraud and injustice, could not be conceived but by *hose who had been on the spot. It was the example of those superiors in the career and practice of fraud which undermined all morality in the country. It was vain to attempt to oelueate the people, or . to infuse the principles of sound re ligion among them if the effects of that instruction were to be counteracted by exhibiting practical ex amples of grois immorality on the part of persons supposed to be placed in their situations on account of their respectability. He thought this a subject well - worthy of the attention of Parliament and of the Noble Duke at the bead of his Majesty's Go vernment, and he had no doubt it would meet with attention from the Government in Ireland. Ilis Lordship then presented the petition, and also gave notice of moving for the production of the report of the grand jury of Kilkenny to the local government of the expenditure of the constabulary department. Lord FARNHAM saw from the minutes of the other House, that a Bill was now in progress for the amending of the Constabulary Laws, and he thought it would be very easy to introduce into that Bill a cl,iuse, that all those officers entrusted with the public money should be obliged to give, as was the case with all other officets; ample security for the money so entrusted to them. • The Marquis of LANSDOWNE thought theing gestton of the Noble Lord respecting security of great importane2. The Duke of WELLINGTON said, that the attention of Government had been already directed to the subject, and It's Noble Friend might rely that Government would attend to the hint he had thrown out respecting security. It appeared to him, that the best mode to secure the settlement of the ac counts Would be to have them settled at very short periods. The Marquis of, DOWNSHIRE bore testimony to the anxiety of the Noble Lord at the head of the Irish 'Government to inquire upon this subject, and mentioned several abuses he had corrected. • After a few words from the Marquis of LANs- DoWNE the subject dropped. SCOTCH PROMISSORY NOTE BILL The Duke of WELLINGTON moved the order of the day for the second reading-of this Bill. The object was to carry into complete execution the law of 1826, its intention beingto prevent the circula tion of Scotch bank notes under the value . of 51. within the .kingdom of England. 'lbis measure came recommended to Parliament by the proceed ings of two Committees—one of this House, and one of the other House of Parliament—and those Com mittees go so far as to say, that if the circulatio n o f those notes cannot be prevented, and if no provision in law can be made sufficiently strong to prevent their circulation, it would be better to put an end to their circulation in Scotland altogether. It was quite obvious, and it was so stated by the Com mittees, that if such circulation of 11.- notes were to be permitted within this country, it ought to be the circulation of 11. notes issued by bankers residing in the north of England, and not in Scotland. It was obvious that it was a hardship upon the people of England, who received those notes, and who were under the necessity of receiving them if circulated, to be - obliged to go and seek for the metallic value of those notes beyond thel frontier. That was, how ever, not all, for they must not only go and-seek for this metallic value from the Scotch banker; who was good security, bat if that systeni'was not prohibited, it was quite obvious that bank establishments would be - set up in all parts of the frontier, for the purpose of circulating those notes within England, and thus defeating, by what was almost • a fraud, all or a great part of the object of the mea sure of. 1826. He was abroad at the time that measure was adopted; but he must say that he con curred in that measure. It was a measure of Lord Liverpool's Government, founded upon the neces sity of the time,--a necessity growing up to that period, and which, in 1825, amounted to such a de gree, as to render that measure absolutely necessary. And he did not found the necessity of this measure upon any theories, which, as stated by a Noble Earl the other day, we ought to avoid, in considering a question of this description. He did not found the measure of 1826 upon such theories, but he must say, that the experience of the last few years 'had proved the falsity of another, which was stated in a former Conimittec,—he meant the theory that all was slfe provided notes were convertible into gold. He-did say that the experience of recent years had proved that theory not true.—(Hear.)—But that experience bad proved likewise the truth of another theory—namely, that U. notes and gold sovereigns - could not circulate in this country at the same period of time. That had been proved by the transactions which had taken place in recent years. If you have gold- in circulation, the advantage of which no man deny, you cannot have one pound - notes. Under these circumstances there could be no doubt that the measure of 1826 was a proper • measure to be adopted. It was contended by his Noble Friend opposite (the Earl of Carnar von) the other day, that the - measure of 1826 had inflicted great evils on the country ; thar the people had been thereby deprived of facilities of trade, and been subjected to all those numerous other disad vantages so often pressed forward in argument upon this subject; but he had left out of the question all the evils which had flowed from'the breaking of the banks. His Noble Friend had lost sight of the fact that paper was but a fictitious capital, and that it was the evils which it entailed that had obliged Parlia ment to put it down. - Why should they have re course to paper, when there was no want of capital, no want of currency in England ? That there was no want of capital; was proved by the state of -the funds, and by the readiness to embark in any scheme, however distant the scene of its proposed operations, which promised to return any profit. It had been asked, if the measure in .question was good for Eng land, why was it not to be extended to Scotland ? But there was a great' difference between the cir cumstances of the two countries. In the first place, the banks in Scotland were on a much more secure footing than those in England. They were established on a different foUndation, and did business on a different system , altogether from the English #banks. In Scotland all the banks were a cheek on each individual esta,blishment. Upon the whole, the system had worked for the prosperity of that country, and he should therefore be sorry to take it from it. But then, he asked, could that establishmentebe so carried on in Scotland, if there. were -not a well-established metallic currency in England ? If they could not procure gold from time to time from the Bank of England, they could not carry it on. Then the only'question that re mained was, were there the means of executing the measure of 1826, of which he was now ' Proposing the completion ? Upon this part of the subject he must trouble their Lordships with a reference to sonie figures, to show the amount of currency at present in circulation. It appeared, from the number of stamps issued, that the quantity of 1/. notes put into circulation in 1822, 1823, 1824, and 1825, was. 9,075,500/. Out of that stun 1,075,0001. circulated in Scotland, leaving in circulation in England 8,000,000 of 1/. notes. Out of that sum it was cal culated that one-fifth was kept in reserve. It was true, moreover, that one-fifth of the banks broke . in 1825, and their notes must therefore be taken to be out of circulation. Adding, then, to that 2,500,0001. the amount withdrawn at that period, the sum not then in circulation amounted to '5,700,0004 ; ducting which froin 8,000,0007., left 2,300,0001. at present in circulation. Now a part of that must have been in circulation since 1822. This was the nearest approximation to the truth that could be arrived at. Now, then, what WaS the amount of the c lt irc a i l il the 11. notes ? besides en their Lord ships' table, that the Bank issued between the yeari; 1821 and 1828,78,830,000 sovereign s ,of which t hey h a d rece i ve d b ac k 50,417,000,1eaving28,365,000 still out. From August, 1824, to December, 1825, there had been . exported 6,090,000, leaving in cir culation at that time about 20,000,000 of sovereigns; and .since then there had been issued .2,300,000, making altogether 22,475,000 sovereigns now in circulation. In addition to that, there were 8,000,000/. of silver, 2 0,000,000/. of Bank of England notes of .51. and upwards, and 13,000,000/. of country bank. notes of Si. and upwards, So that, besides the 17. notes, there were no less than 13,000,000/, of country bank notes in circulation in this country. Now, Just to show the abundance of metallic currency aich existed; there had been coined, since the Icommencement of tnepresent coinage, not less than 40,000,000/. in gold, and 10,000,0001. in silver; so that there was. 50,000,0004 of metallic currency still in the country, except the 6,000,(100/. which had been exported. Feeling, then, that there must be a currency in which - the country could have confidence, —one which would nor be liable to sudden fluctua tion, and consequently calculated to produce such scenes of confusion and misery as h a d b een w i tness ed in 1825,—feeling also that the country possessed the means of obtaining a currency upon such,solid, basis, he had no difficulty in corning to the conclu sion, that they might safely adept the measure now proposed. The Earl . of CARNAIWON—•The Noble Duke said, that if this Bill 'were • not pass d it would be better to put an end to Scotch Banks altogether, in order to protect the north country. men from the incursion- of the Picts and Scots. But he (Lord Carnarvon) thought that they might with great safety be left to take 'care of their own interests; without putting on the statute book this monstrous anomaly in the shape of a penal statute. If their Lordships recollected that the Bank Charter had but four years to run, he could not con ce;ve that there would be, any difficulty in procuring such an arrangement as would leave the currency.on the footing of last year, without carrying the measure of 1826 into execution. If that measure were car ried into effect, not only the I/. notes, but the large notes also - must be withdrawn; for he (Lord car . narvon) hithself knew many bankers who were now preparing to call in their a notes, to prevent tl:e run which must take place when the 1/. notes ceased to circulate: He also feared the. consequences of the great diminution it would occasion vf the limited fa cilities which the farmer at present possessed. It had been said that. the panic of 1825 was attribu table to the circulation of bank notes. NoW he (lid not believe that any diminution of bank notes would prevent the recurrence of such a crisis again. Many crises had taken place before that, which could not be attributed to W. notes. Scotland had her 1/. notes, and yet she had not been visited with such a crisis. It was not, therefore, the want of a Wholesome cur rency which occasioned panics or convulsions of this description ; and it was, therefore, not necessary to draw a cordon sanitaire round the frontiers of England. But even admitting that the panic of 1825 had been occasioned by excessive paper credit, the 11. bank notes bore a Very small proportion to other descrip tions of paper. Even if there were an increase of 3,000,0004 or 4,000,0001. of small notes there was' also an increase of many millions in bills Of exchange and other paper securities. Then 'Why wage War against the small notes, as tieing the cause of all the mischief? But perhaps he should be told that, all paper security should. be put down. Let their Lord ships do so—let them have no , security but gold. But if so, he could assure them they would soon re dice the country to a state of absolute poverty. What would then become of credit ? And, destroy ing credit, they would also pOt an end to all specula tion, mid to all trade; which could not be carried on without credit. But of all descriptions of paper credit, the 1/. and 2/.notes werethemost impotent to produce any great national crisis. A slumber of causes . -etmcurred to produce it, great in their united .effect ; but amongst theM all, the same notes had the least, if any thing, to do with it. He again 'contended, there fore, that the small notes ought not to be suppress ed. The Noble Duke said, that a metallic was the safest, because it was the most certain medium of circulation. But he (Lord Carnarvon) was pre pared to show that gold was liable to greater fluc tuation than the notes which they were now so anxious to guard against. Gold was liable to be affected by the state of the excliamses with foreign countries; but if a few Scotch banks were the objects of a run, there was a general concurrence on the part of the others to take their notes, and so guard against ally loss to the pUblic. It was the duty of the le gislature to guard the standard, but not to make it • the sole currency. The prosperity of the country was itlWsys diminished in proportion as its circula tion was contracted; and its prosperity increased as its circulation was expanded. It .might be desirable, (Tr ' tainly, if some invariable standard could be adopted; that the Noble Duke would be de ceived if he though that, so long as specula tion existed, all fluctuations would be avoidiel. Before he sat down, there was one ouestion con nected with the present, on which he wished to say a word ; he Meant thesquestion of a silver standard. If they suffered one metal to circulate over the other, the silver would be the most eligible. It was cer tainly not so likely to expose us to danger as gold. He believed that it was pretty generally known that the Bank of Prance had been able in 1825 to give the Bank of England such assistance in gold as saved it from breaking; and dquestion had •been put upon that occasion to the French Government, inquiring whether or not the Bank of France ought to lend the Bank of England the assistance they required. Now that ought to operate as a warniug,. for it showed the danger to which wgold standard exposed us. - Silver could have been procured . froM Holland and various other countries on. the 'continent; but France alone could supply a sufficient quantity of gold to meet the emergency. The Noble Earl con cluded by apologizing for trespassing so lona upo n their attention, particularly as he had already ex- - pressed his sentiments on the' subject the other evening. Lord GODERICH had heard with great satis faction the speech of the Noble Duke in opening this proposition, not only on the grounds on which he had rested the policy of the measure, but also on account of his declaration of the unequivocal adher ence of his Majesty's Government to those principles on which the measure of , 1826 had been founded, and from which they could not have departed without the greatest danger to the country. The Noble Earl who had just sat down, had addressed the House with great clearness, but the substance of his argument after all was, that he gave a decided preference to paper over a metallic currency ; he would not even have paper convertible into gold : he, consequently, advocated - the necessity of enforcing the fatal measure of preventing the Bank from paying their notes in gold. The Noble Earl had stated that the measure of 1826 had been adopted in a hurry, as. the result of the fears of the moment, and had been passed without due caetion. New he (Lord Goderich) had never said, nor did he say now, that the U. notes were the cause- of the great convulsions which had then taken place; but then the mischief was, that when convulsions did arise, the It. notes brought the great body of the public into jeopardy. The Noble Earl said that they were a great convenience. He (Lord Goderich) knew they were, because they were' the medium of the poor ; but that was the ve r y reason th ey were t h e more dangerous. When panic arose, and a run upon a bank took' pl ace , w h o ' s vere the crowd around a banker's door? Why, was it not composed of poor people, of agricultural labourers, and they it was who broke the. bank ? This was said to. be a sentimental argument; but he did not see any thing very absurd in taking the woeful condition. of the poor on those occasions into consideration. The r i c h might survive the shock; but the poor man lost hi s a ll. In 1812, there was a general opinion, that a res toration Of the old currency was necessary, and niustta f k 9 e rthe place the moment circumstances reudered b it possible, and the Bank began - to make pro visioncessation attempt of to rettr therestriction w as said th a t h tallic standard was m a d e too soon, but if they had. i n tote e act. me- It. d e layed that proccedims to the. present time, he f ear dd that they would have committed a most gross error, for they would have been maintaining a' de preciation of 25 per cent. during peace, when all the products of our industry must come in competition with the products of . foreign countries, at a dised smagsse to the extent o f t h at diff erence . Thi s W ou ld have 'thrown the whole commerce of England into confusion. In war, when this country possessed the commerce of the world, such a system would not have borne so heavily on the mercantile system ; , but in peace such a state of things could not be suf- j feted, to remain. But the Noble Lord (Carnarvon) said the misfortune of the case was thiS—" that we , I try to pay in a rectified currency debts contracted Iwhen the currency was in a , 1-7r:ciated state. Now the depreciation began ~. 0.:. yr;io 1808, and end ed in the year ISI. - J, n. 1),..: of about eight years; then he would say, that so far as the charge of debt was concerned, the whole . amount of de preciation referred- to . that portion of the debt in curred during those eight years : and if the depre ciation were about 25 per cent., it followed, as a necessary consequence, that the charge fsn. it NV:-I , also depreciated to the same amount. In 1816, the charge for annuities, on account of .the funded and unfunded debt, amounted to 32 ,500,000/., or there abouts, and the total charge now was 28,000,000/. He was not positive as bathe figures, but he knew that an actual reduction of 4,500,00 a had been made si my the beginning of the year 1816. Now this 4,500,0001. taken from the eharge of debt, was more than sufficient to meet the depreciation of 25 per cent. He b e , lieved the total amount of additional charge for the ' eight years to which he had alludel was 12,000,000, and if 4, 500 f 000/. were reduced since 18 1 6, which met the depreciation, it could not . be said that they were paying in a rectified currency for that which had been contracted for.. in a depreciated currency. He therefore did not. think that in taking this cow se they were acting under a delusion;. neither did he believe that. ,this country was in so crippled a condi tion, that if a foreign power threatened us, we s)t'ould be obliged to bow our heads with shameful InunilitY. His view was totally different from that of the Noble Loid. As to the Bill itself, he thought it absolutely 'necessary, beeause he conceived it would be .unfair if the English banker were not al lowed to ,issue his notes, while, in his own imme diato.circle, he was met by Cie Scotch notes. - . He therefore. thought it his ditty to give this measure his support. Lord REDESDALE defended the Bank Re striction-Act of 1797, which was roundest on the principle of retaining, as far as possible, a supply of metallic currency within this country. What was the cause of the measure of 1797 ? It arose out of the mast extraordinary event that ever occurred in the world. lie meant the. French revolution. What, he asked, was the effect of that revolution ? It was, that the French nation confiscated to the use of Government three-fourths of the property of the country, real and personal—they put an end to trade, and they also confiscated the whole of the population, who were compelled to take up arms. They at that time contemplated the conquest of- Europe. And what wete the pecuniary means they employed ? Why, they issued large quantities of assignats ; but that species of paper did not answer, and their object then was to withdraw from every Country all the bullion that could be procured.— They - set about the • attainment of that end in a very efficient manner. They purchased hills on this country at any, price; for there they got batik-notes, which they ultimately changed for bullion. By this means they very soon abstracted from the Bank almost • every piece of gold it had, and they pursued the same course with other countries ; so that bul lion could not flow into England as it otherwise would have done. To keep, therefore, a supply of bullion in the country, the Restriction Act was passed; and if that measure had not been adopted it would have been impossible to have carried on the war. So•far, therefore, from its being a measure of which he was ashamed, he should always defend it as a great political measure. He was aware that sOme individuals were of opinion that, in returning to cash payments, a silver currency might be ad vantageously used in aid of the gold standard.— There were many difficulties connected with this subject, and he feared that it would be found to lead to great inconvenience if an indefinite tender of silver or gold indifferently were allowed. Not only would it lead to great inconvenience, but probably to great frauds. Still it was well' worthy of ,consi dering, whether it would not be possible to meet. those disadvantages by. a silver coinage, nearly of the same value as the gold which it represented.— The material thing to be looked to with respect - to bank paper of every species was, that there should be, as far as possible, gold or silver to answer on de mand the amount of the paper issued. In the last Session, he had _introduced a Bill for the regulation of banks, and he was perfectly convinced that if all bankers were compelled once a. year to strike a ba lance sheet,--as, indeed, all careful bankers did, — there would be but very few failures amongst .that class of people. In . cooclusion, the Noble and Learned Lord expressed his entire concurrence in the Bill. The Marquis of BUTE did not think that the ar guments adduced by the Noble Duke and by the Noble Lord who had delivered his sentiments from the cross bench (Lord Goderich), had gone far enough to show the necessity of this measure. • Lord CALTHORPE—WhiIe he admitted the necessity of the present measure, could not admit the expediency of keeping up the distinction between Scotland and this country. There was so,much in formation required to arrive. at an understanding of the currency question, that he was not disposed to hazard a decided opinion on the subject. He would recommend, however, that this queoon should be submitted to father inquiry. and investigation. - Earl FERRARS wished to know by what mode or way the Government of this country proposed to, pay a paper debt in a metallic curreney'?- The Duke of WELLINGTON said, in reply to the Noble Earl (Ferrars) he had only to say, that he was confident that this country would find no diffi culty, under any circumstances, in meeting its en gagements, whether contracted in paper or in pence. The Bill was then read a second time, and ordered to be committed. Adjourned at a Quarter past Eight o'clock. HOUSE OF COMMONS, JULY 3. Mr. Watmore brought up an account of the re ceipts and appropriation of 'the pew-rents of the pa rish of Lambeth, from the years 1824 to 1827. Sir H. PARNELL postponed the Order of the Day for the committal of the Liverpool Roads Bill until Monday next. Sir F. BLAKE presented a petition from the inhabitants of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in favour of Scotch Small Notes in that town. Mr. WEBB presented a petition from the Inha bitants of Nailsworth, against the Slave Track. Mr. MARSHALL presented a petition from the Inhabitants of Sheffield, signed by opsrards of 10,000 persons, against the additional Churches Mr. BURRELL presented petitions from the Landowners of the Western aid from the Land owners of the Eastern Division of Essex, praying for a protecting, duty on the importation of Foreign Wool. Mr. MABERLY presented a petition from the inhabitants of the city of Westminster, - against the Additional Churches Bill. Mr. ' V. STUART presented a petition against he Slave Trade from the inhabitants of Cardiff. Mr. BARING presented a petition from the Planters of Christophers, Tortola, and 'other Islands, against the Four anda. - .ltalf per Cent. duty. Also a petition from the Planters of St. Vincent's, Nev,is and Dominica, complaining of the wanne r in which they had been traduced on the ground of the Slave Trade. • „ Mr. DICKENSON presented a petition from Yeovil, praying for a duty on the importation of French Cloves. Sir F.. BURDETT moved that the petition-re lative to the Supply of Water to the Metropolis be referred to the Committee thereon.—Agreed to. Mr. J. WOOD p r esented a petition from the in habitantsoiould of Chorley again st the A d ditional Churches ' Bill. Mr. SLANElthoped that this measure would be deferred until t he ensuin g Session of Parlia ment. Mr. JONES s aid that the Bill g ave such extra ordinary powers to churchwardens as h e was sure the House neve r would consent to. iTheta tsof Devizes, ie sazsi prayinghen ordered thatthe to t bee Hu printed. se v Mr. IIENETT presented a petitio n f rom t h e in k ab enforce the revilations relating to Slaves sent out to the Colonies in the year 1823. Mr. R. GORDON said that some kind of amelio ration had taken place in almost every Colony. Mr. ASTELL brought in a Bill to extend the provisions of the East India Mutiny Act to the Bombay Marine. The Bill was read a first time, and ordered to be read a second time on Tuesday next. FOREIGN ENLISTMENT BILL. Mr. LAWLEY presented a petition from the Manufacturers of fire-arms at Birmingham, against so much of the Foreign Enlistment Bill as prohibited the exportation of arms and warlike instruments. Mr. LITTLETON complained that the Hon. Member for Surrey (Mr. Fullmer) gave notice of a motion for a Repeal Enlistment Act ; but after the ' notice had beep on the paper for two months, it was dropped at so late a period of the Session as to prevent any other Member from .advantageously ,taking it up. The Foreign Enlistment Act was of the greatest.possiblo injury to commerce, far it pre vented us from carrying on a trade in. those articles in which we could cornimm,!:a preference. Yet the despotic Government of Austria, and the enlightened Oovernment of France, permitted this trade to be carried on.. lie was sorry the .Hon. Member for Surrey was not in the House to explain why he "had abandoned the Bill. Mr. BARING could not conceive why every state in Europe should allow its subjects to supply foreign countries with ships and lire arms, whilst the inhabitants df this country were alone shut out from this profitable exercise of industry. He did not, think it was too late to introduce a short Bill to place our manufacturers of arms and the ship-build. .ing trade on a level. with those of other countries. With respect to the Foreign Enlistment Act, he could. not anticipate any ill effects to this country from oc., casionally permitting half a hundred spirited and en terprising young men.to emter foreign service, if it should suit their inclinations. Mr. HUSKISSON. said, that the year this Enlistment Act was passed, this country was under an absolute pledge not to interfere between Spai►► and her Coloniesi :,The Hon. Member who pre sented the petition seemed to mistake the law. At the period alluded to, his Majesty was advise,' to issue an order, prohibiting the importation of warlike stores. That order was repealed in six . months, and stores of this kind might now be exported. 13y the Act,, however, we were prohibited from fro - nishing foreign powers with vessels which niighr be used as transports ,or ships of war. This, lte thought, might have been a very wise .provision when it was passed, but he slid not think•it ought to become the permanent law of the country. A ship might be converted into an article of war, but it was not. necessarily so.- Our artificers were not fully employed, and he thought this part of the Act might be advantageously repeated. It was closing up one source of British industry, and therefore he did_ not conceive that it was at all necessary. He' should therefore join his Hon. Friend (Mr. Baring) in requesting his ilviajesty's Government 'to modify the • existing 'law, so as to give facilities to our shipping trade. • Mr. LAWLEY said the petitioners - .were awvar►. t hat the Order of Council was repealed, but they understood that ships carrying articles of war into, port might be seized. Mr. HUSKISSON explained. • Sir R.• WILSON said this law was passed at the instance of the King of Spain ; and irr proof of this assertion he mentioned what fell from Mr. Canning when the Hon. Member for Montroe proposed the repeal of the law, in order to enable our subjects t(1 enter into' the service of Portugal.. The Right Hon, Gentleman then said, that such a repeal would be but an act of political justice. This being the case, it was. clear that the . Bill was originally in., tended, to be. merely a temporary measure, and it was'unjust towards the South American States, and other States on the Continent of Europe, to allow it to remain a permanent part of our law. Mr. PALLMER expressed himself favourable to a repeal of this law in the form in which it notes stood. Mr. Secretary PEEL did not at that late period of the Session think it prudent to make any declara tion as to the policyintended to be purstted by his Ma jesty's Government upon this subject,but he had given the subject sufficient consideration to justify him expressing his doubt as to the propriety. of the line nZ policy pointed out by the Hon. Member opposite, who thought that every subject of this realm should be at liberty to enter into -the service of a Foreign State, without any restraint, save and except the dower •of the Crown •to recall such person. lli Hon. Friend had shown that, by'the present state of the law, the free export of military stores was permitted, and the only restrictions left were that, Aritisbsubjects should not be at liberty to enter int(' the service of Foreign States, and that ForeignPowcrs should not be at liberty to retort to this country for the r re permission uerpoeseofbur to do either ildingshipso of v which wouldtNarinourports---flit in his (Mr. P.'s) opinion be highly •inexpedient._ He put it to the House whether it would be .wise, whether it would be decent, to allow British subjects to . - erve, for instance, in the Turkish or Egyptian fleets in t heLevant,whilst our fleets were employed in block ading those ports, some of which those fleets wished, to enter and depart from. With respect to the Un limited right of foreigners to build vessels of war in our harbours, lie wished to know - whether ought to be allowed, when the probability was rlt ships so built would be employed in' annoyis and committing depredations upon our commerce ? Alt nations had, under the present state of the law, the right of building in our ports ships for commercial purposes. He now conceived that the right of restraining them from building ships, for other purposes than those of commerce, ought,to be allowed to remain in the Crown, the more. , especially, as the House must be satisfied tbai meth right would never be oppressively exercise Mr. P. THOMSON stated acme wbich occurred. not long since. A large order for military eqnipme*tsf, had been sent from Egypt to this country, bt A t the. law prevented the execution of it here, anal it was, taken to France. At to the argument which the, Right Hon.Gentlemanhad founded upon the piracies in the Levant, it appeared to him that they had been liable to all the loss that had resulted from those piracies, without being ollowed the small counter balancing advantage of blinding the vessels of the countries whose pirates infested the :;eas. Mr. BARING sAid, vie win g the question as a commercial question, there could not b e tw o opi nions upon it : and if it were only a p art o f the ACI which the Hon. Me mber ' for Sur rey intended to re peal, he was not sorry. fired. that the m ot i on o f that Hon. Member had been defe WYNN could not see on what principle the conduct of men could be justified who, leaving their wn country, hired. themselves as soldiers - to foreign powers. To him such a practice appeared little short of hiring murderers.--(Cries of " Hear.") it was his opinion, that when two states were at war, I h e subject of another state, who allowed him elf to be hir e d by the one party to fight against :he other, 'was, if he raised his weapon in 91101 :I cause, guil ty of murder.—(Cries of " Hear.")— Etnope had never been visited with a greater curse than those hired bands - of soldiers, who, after the ter mination of the wars between England and France,. ..vent about Europe, ready to fight on any side, and in any cause, if the wag4of the service were sufli , cleat to make it worth their while. These, he would contend, deserved no other term than that of mur derers. s It was their trade to slay all whgm they were paid to oppose. With respect to the law be fore them, it merely changed the penalty of the iminer law, which was death, into a fine. (Th e H oe . Amber added some further observations, but we ,vere unable to catch the purport of them.) Sr R. WILSON was not at all surprised that (tie Rif;-lit Hon. Gentleman (Mr. W. Wynn) had ntered into a defence of the Bill, bevatne 'he be ,:eved that Rit'ht Hon. Gentleman to have !seen one