The Sun. — London, England, 1867-01-08 00:00:00

REVOLT AT A FRENCH PENITENTIARY FOURTEEN BOYS ROASTED ALIVE. (From a CorreTondent of the Morning Herald.) DRAGUIGNAU, Jan. 2. At the court of assizes of Draguignau, chief town of the department of the Var, has begun, to-day, the trial of a case without example in the criminal annals not only of France but of the whole civilised world. On the 3d of October last the Penitentiary of the Levant, the largest of the group of isles known as the Islands of Hyeres (a reformatory where young boys are trained to husbandry), rose in open revolt ; and that rebellion had the most appalling conse quences, for no less than 14 boys were literally roasted alive, so to say, by the ringleaders, who stood deaf to the supplications and the agonising cries of the victims, all the while preventing their escaping by the only issue left to them, with a ferocity ren dered more revolting by the youth of the criminals. As we have just said, the isle of the Levant is the largest of those called Ilyeres, lying off the town of that name which is situated at about six miles from Toulon. The isle of the Levant measures about 4,000 acres almost entirely fit for cultivation. Till now only 80 hectares have been cleared up ; the re mainder is a virgin forest of trees and Of heath as high as arbuscles. All the produce of the most favourite countries are to be found in that island. It possesses the flora and the feathered tribe of Africa. Myrtles, lentisks, parasol pines, and arbutus, which, like the orange-tree, produce at the same time flower and fruit, grow there in luxuriance. The vine also grows marvellously, and the forty arpents converted into vineyards give a delicious wine. The whole isle belongs to the Count of Pourtales, who, following family traditions, conceived the philanthropic idea of establishing in it an agricul tural penitentiary colony, of founding there an esta blishment like the one created at Mettray, near Tours, by M. de Metz. M. de Pourtales asked for DO assistance, did not apply for charity, public or private. That foundation dates from 1860. Since that time the colony, wisely administered, has given splendid results. Every boy, although costing only twopence a day to the State, was receiving on the average £l2 on leaving the establishment. The disposition and the temper of the prisoners were excellent. The colony had 250 boys at one time, and 230 were living there when the revolt occurred. And it i 3 a remarkable fact that the day after the revolt the bulk of the prisoners tracked on the heath the ringleaders, and arrested them themselves. Moreover, when the revolt was raging, many of them had spontaneously formed a guard to protect the residence of the director of the colony. The director is M. Fauveau, who has been a long time at the head of the central prison at Clairvaux, near Arcissur-Aube. He undertook and fulfils his mission at the penitentiary of the isle of Levant as an apostolate, and he is in daily communication with the boys, towards whom he shows as much "mansuetude as firmness. As to the question of reformatories for young people, the State in France seems to have come to the conclusion that - they were not progressing in the task, difficult and ungrateful, but engaging and noble, of restoring to honesty young minds often suffering from the involuntary fault of a fatal birth. It is not with the traditions of a cold administration that children are impressed and re trieved ; only a missionary burning with the sacred fire can touch their hearts. That circumstance explains why the French Government has now but four penitentiary colonies— St. Hilaire, in the de partment of the Sarthe ; St. Bernard, in the depart ment of the Nord, near Loo; Gaillon, in the depart ment of the Eure ; and St. Antoine, near Ajaccio, •in Corsica. Things went so badly in the last colony that the Government were resolved to suppress it, and to send to the Penitentiary of the isle of the Levant the 65 boys it was composed of. It was on the 28th of September that those 65 Corsicans were landed in the Levant. In less than six days from their arrival they contrived to raise up a rebellion in the colony, which had been till then a model of discip line. It seems that incendiarism was in the traditions of the Corsican colony of St. Antoine ; moreover, in that colony the prisoners did not work, they wan dered about and 'robbed the neighbouring houses. In the paternal colony of M. de Pourtales they com plained that they had too little to eat and too much work to go through. They refused to work, they disbanded, and by means of fine promises and ter rible menaces, they succeeded in winning over a good number of the oldest boys of the Levant Peni tentiary. The refractory band asked for meat at every meal, fur tobacco and coffee, and for six hours of play a day. The rebellion was soon concocted, and on Tues day, Oct. 2, it was ushered in by seditious songs. It burst out in the evening after bedtime. The ringleaders got up from their beds, put down the lights, broke the windows, demolisged the partitions, and expelled the guardians. In view of preventing more devastation, one of the latter suggested to the prisoners to go down into the yard; they went down, vociferating and making awful noises. Then they formed a band, and went towards the house of M. Fauveau, which is situated not far from the penitentiary, and called the Castle. According to Lhe act of accusation, they intended to pillage that house, and, perhaps, to commit criaie.s more terrible. But they were prevented from doing so by the im provised guard protecting M. Fauveau's house, as we have already said. Sixteen accused are before the Court. The first of the ringleaders is named Copdurier. It is he who proposed to liberate the boys who were under going disciplinary imprisonment. His proposal was eagerly adopted, and the rebels, armed with axes, marched to the doors of the cells where the prisoners were confined. They broke open nine cells, and, of course, their occupants enlarged the nutaber of the revolted. Then they went down to the cellars, the hogs- THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 8, 1867. FATAL SHIPWRECKS. LIVERPOOL, Sunday. On Saturday night, during the gale and snow storm, the iron ship James Crosfield, of 1,000 tons, bound from Calcutta for Liverpool, was wrecked off Langness Point, Isleman. All hands were lost. She had on board nearly 1,700 bales of cotton. GREAT YARMOUTH, Monday. A sad disaster occurred here yesterday, resulting in the total loss of two vessels, while there is every reason to believe that their crews also perished. The weather on Saturday night was exceedingly stormy. There was a terrific gale from the S.S.E., the wind blowing with the force of a hurricane, while the sea ran mountains high, so that no ordinary boat could live in it. At about 11 p.m. flares were seen in the south part of the roadstead in the direction of Gorieston, and about midnight a brig, which after wards proved to be the Ark, of Sunderland, was driven ashore to the south of the harbour. The Coastguard fired rockets, and the mortar apparatus was used, but there was not a soul on board the stranded ship. It is supposed that the crew took to their boats and were drowned, as no tidings of their safety had reached Yarmouth up to this afternoon. At daylight yesterday the masts of another brig were seen to the E.S.E. of the pier, and, from a boat which was subsequently picked up, it is believed that the Sarah, of Sunderland, is also lost. Yesterday after noon the body of a sailor about 40 years of age was cast on the beach near the Star Battery. Deceased had a medal iu his pocket, besides a leather purse. The mast of a sloop, the Ann and Charlotte, from Goole for London, is just visible on the edge of the dangerous Scroby sand. The vessel was driven on the sand during the itorm on Saturday, but the crew of .four hands were saved, and were taken to the Yarmouth Sailors' Home. PENZANCE, Sunday. = During a strong gale from E S.E. yesterday (reports Mr. Nicholas B. Downing) a schooner went ashore at Long Rock. The Richard Lewis lifeboat, of the National Lifeboat Institution, was at once launched, and was happily the means of rescuing the shipwrecked crew of six men. Again this morning the same lifeboat went afloat and saved the crews of 11 men from the Selina Ann, bound to Plymouth, and tile Heiress, bound to London, the former vessel having gone to pieces. There are wrecks all over this coast. The Looe, Exmouth, and Poole lifeboats were also launched on Saturday with the viaw of rescu ing shipwrecked crews, although they did not have the opportunity of rendering service in that respect. RAM S G ATE, Sunday. Capt. Shaw, the harbour-master, reports the fol lowing gallant services performed by the lifeboat Bradford, of the National Lifeboat Institution, sta tioned at this port. Shortly before 8 o'clock yester day morning, the wind blowing from E.S E., with thick fog, guns were heard at intervals of 5 minutes, apparently from the North Sand Head and Gull lightships. The Bradford lifeboat and the harbour steam-tug Aid were immediately manned, and left the harbour about 810 a.m. At this time the wind increased and the thick fog suddenly dispersed, when a schooner- was observed on shore on the off part of the North Sand Head. The Aid, with the lifeboat, proceeded through the Cudd Channel, to wards the North Saud Head, and on arriving in the Gull Stream, at 8 30 a.m., fell in with a ship's boat with eight men on board. The lifeboat hove to and they came alongside, and were taken on board the boat. They reported the vessel to be the schooner Mizpah, 140 tons, of Brixham, from Amsterdam to Genoa, cargo sugar. The tug then returned to the harbour with the crew, at a quarter-past 9 a.lll. The master of the Mirpah reports that she went ashore about 7 p.m. the previous evening. On the tide flowing the water was over the cabin floor,when they soon after left her and got on the brig Faith, of Boston, riding in the Gull Stream, where they remained until the morning. On the brig getting under way they left in their boat for the shore, and were picked up by the lifeboat. Again, about half-past eleven o'clock last night, when it was blowing a heavy gale and a heavy sea was breaking, signal guns and rockets were fired from the Gull Lightship. The lifeboat once more put off in tow of the steam-tug, and proceeded in the direction of the light vessel, and on arriving they were told that a large flaring light of distress had been observed in a south-east erly direction. At this time it was thick with snow, and it was agreed to keep about the sands until day light, hut about 3 o'clock it was so intensely cold that the lifebcat and tug were forced to return to the harbour. As, however, it was probable that the services of the lifeboat were required to some dis tressed vessel, she was again taken out about eight o'clock this morning in a strong gale and tremen dous sea. This time, it being . daylight, they dis covered a vessel ashore close to the Trinity Beacon. After attempting no less than six times to bring the lifeboat alongside the vessel on shore, through a very heavy sea and broken water, they succeeded at last in saving the crew, ten in number, from the wreck, the lifeboat losing both anchors and cables in the service, and arrived in the harbour with the shipwrecked men all safe at 215 p.m. The crew when taken off were very much exhausted. She proved to be the Danish bark Aurora Borealis, of Ribe, Smith master, 236 tons, froin Newcastle for Messina, cargo coals—went on shore at 4 30 a.m. Jarman, the coxswain of the lifeboat, reports that he never encountered such terrific weather, intense cold, and heavy sea in all his experience. The crew could not have been saved without the assistance u: the steamtug. SIIIELDS, Sunday Night. About midnight yesterday one of the most severe gales from the S.S.E. that has been experienced for some years burst on the north-eastern coast. It was accompanied by blinding showers of hail, which seemed to cut the face as they were blown before the gale among the watchers on the coast. From 12 o'clock until 5 this morning the wind blew a-hur ricane, and in consequence we have had the greatest loss of shipping at the mouth of the Tyne expe rienced this winter. A look-out was kept by the Pre ventive men and the lifeboat crews, and about 20 minutes past 12 last night the man on the look-out on the south side of the Tyne saw a vessel coming ashore behind the south pier. He burnt a blue light, and immediately three guns were fired from the Spanish Battery, which was the signal for the South Shields Life Brigade to muster. The south pier was covered with ice, and the Preventive men and the Pier Police had to crawl down on their hands and knees, as they could not stand before the blast, while carrying the hawser and rocket lines down. About 20 of the Life Brigade mustered, who were soon increased to 50, and three or four rockets were fired over the ship ; but the crew seemed to be so benumbed with the cold and terrified by the tre mendous gale that they could not use the lines when they had them fired on board. The three Shields lifeboats, the Providence, the Tyne, and the Nor thumberland, were got out and fully manned ; but such was the force of the wind and sea that, though the crews of them pulled with all their strength for two hours, they never got the boats outside the har beur, and were at last obliged to abandon the en terprise and return into port. The first vessel which came ashore with the Mary Mac, of Whitstable, and an hour after she was followed by the Cora, of the same place. At 2 o'clock in the morning a new ship, the Lucerne of Blyth, from London, came ashore, and an hour after that another Whitstable vessel, the Nergee, so that by 3 o'clock there were four vessels all behind the south pier, thumping against each other and bumping on the atones, and threatening to knock each otter to pieces before the crews could be all got off. The night, which was extremely dark, the terrible sea that was running, the gale which blew in violent gusts, and brought with it showers of sleet and hail, the dangerous con dition of the pier from the ice, the howling of the wind, and the smashing and crashing of the ships, with the shouts of the seamen and life' brigade, the reports of the rockets, and the great excitement of every one lest the ships should break up, and drown the men before they could be got off made up the ele ments of a terrible scene. The Cora was driven by the gale alongside thepier, and the crew were at last able to swing themselves frpm one of the yards, on to the parapet, and thussave themselves. TheLucerne,which came ashore after the Cora , ran into her starboard quarter, which she smashed in. She also carried away her mainmast, but as she was the innermost ship the crew of the Lucerne were instructed by the life bri gade to get on board of her, and they had not been there ten minutes when their own ship slid over with her deck to the sea, and immediately broke in two, becoming a perfect wreck. The crew of the Mergee were also enabled to swing themselves off the jib boom on to the pier, all except one lad named Payne, belonging to Canterbury, who was making his first voyage. Ile was paralysed with fright, and though the crew tried to induce him to do so, hp would not leap, and while he was thus hesitating the ship swung over, broke up, and he was thrown once or twice into the air upon the rigging, and was then drowned. The crew of the Lucerne were brought ashore by the life brigade. As the crew of the Mary Mac were afraid that they could not be saved by the life brigade they had their long boat out and put a boy into it. But the boat got stove, the boy was washed out and was drowned. Ultimately one of the crew was able to throw a lead line towards the shore, which was caught by a man who plunged into the surf, and the life brigade was thus enabled to get a hawser and cradle off to them and save them. The four vessels are total wrecks, and two of them, the Mergee and the Lucerne, have been nearly pounded by the sea into matchwood. At 4 o'clock this morn ing there was another alarm of a vessel ashore. The William Butcher, of Whitby, ran on to the edge of the Herd Sand. Her crew were taken off by the Pomfret and Goole lifeboat, belonging to the Na tional Lifeboat Society, but the master refused to leave her, and she was taken off this afternoon with the assistance of three powerful steamboats. But she is very leaky. It seems that the reason why the four vessels ran behind the south pier and were lost was that the masters, having lost sight of Tyne mouth light in the hailstorm, mistook the south pier for the north pier at the mouth of the Tyne. The Mary Mac last Tuesday, while between the Dud geon and Cromer, ran into and sunk the Bonny Lass smack, of Gravesend, and it is feared killed a man. A considerable fleet of light and laden vessels put into the Tyne to-day. The master of the Olive Branch, from Ghent, reports that last night he lost Robert Sharp, a seaman, overboard, off Flamborough Head, who was drowned. The weather has moderated to-day, and the snow is fast disappearing. heads were brought up into the courtyard, they were broken open, and every one drunk as much as he could. The aim of the revolt was the death of the spies. First, it had been settled that they should be taken to the heath and to the bogs, there to be killed with stones, but that idea was given up for another ten fold more atrocious. The victual storehouse was pillaged, and another warehouse, containing petroleum oil and inflam mable matter, was contiguous to it. They broke open three doors giving access to the passage lead ing to that warehouse. A fourth door, opening into the warehouse itself, more solid than the three others, resisted, and the only portion of it that they could break was an upper panel, and to enter the petroleum warehouse through that aperture they were obliged to scale the door to get up to it. The most daring went into the warehouses through that breach, and pillaged all the victuals and pro visions. They found out quantities of sugar, sau sages, brandy, bacon, .&c. After the older boys had satisfied their gluttony, Condurier communi cated to them an idea of his. " Let us shut in there the spies, and then we shall set the place on fire." The plan was adopted by the followers of Condurier, all of them more or less intoxicated. Two fellows, chosen from among the worst, were entrusted with the fulfilment of the diabolical deed, and they executed it too well. The young ones, enticed to come and pillage the victuals in their turn, hastened to do it, having not a shade of distrust. The arch-plotter kept away some of them, and admitted the intended victims. Fourteen boys were in the warehouse. He judged that the moment was opportune, and he told a certain Fernandon to light a heap of paper, pre pared for the purpose. They had also taken the precaution of pouring on the floor a large vase full of petroleum. The flames, therefore, rapidly ran over the whole place. That fire was to devour the 14 boys who had been admitted into the warehouse ; one could escape only through the broken upper panel of the door, and a jet of fire at that spot rendered such escape a sheer impossibility. The flames had not yet ascended to the panel, when one of the unfor tunate boys, named Garibaldi, saw the danger, jumped at the panel, and tried to get out. But another boy, Allard, true to hii orders, ran at him and thrice thrust his knife in Garibaldi's legs and chest. The blood flew in torrents, and the poor fellow fell back in the flames. Then a heartrending scene occurred. All the boys inside managed to get at the window, clung to the bars, and cried for assistance with the ac cents of the most: moving despair. But the ring leaders now surveyed the victims with an implac able coolness, while they repressed by words and threats every mark of interest, every sign of pity, given to those unfortunate boys. The watchman of the semaphore established in the isle, prompted by a generous feeling, tried to save them. To use his own words, he was carried off as a feather, and thrown into a ditch where he broke his legs. One of the boys who had tried to give a wet blanket to his friends suffered the same fate. The poor fellows suffered the most excruciating agony ; their faces were black, their cheeks melted in the fiery flames, their hair blazed ; but soon death put au end to their sufferings. When the ware house was entered next day their carbonised corpses were but shapeless remains. Then the rebels wallowed in the grossest orgies. The next day they had a mind to begin again, and when they saw the chaplain and the family of the director go out to sea to escape danger and seek assistance deadly vows and dreadful imprecations were uttered against them. It was only during the evening of the 4th that assistance came to hand. The fire was still raging, and if there had been a little fresh wind the whole range of buildings would have been destroyed. I give you only a short sketch of that awful drama. The trial will last several days. The town is quite full. M. Mayet, councillor of the Imperial Court of Aix, is presiding over the trial ; M. de Merville, procureur-general of the same court, is conducting the case for the prosecution. The president has appointed ex officio counsel for the prisoners, who look as if unconscious of the awful position they are in. How is the Powei of the Pr sident to be Proved ? Congress is puzzled how to deal with the PRESI DENT. Both Houses regard him as their enemy, and they apparently hold with MAccuLtvELLI that it would be folly to leave power in that enemy's hands, of which they can deprive him. The House of Representatives has directed the Committee on the Judiciary to prepare a report of the practice usual in cases of impeachment, and when the document is sent in it is probable that a debate may arise on the proposition to impeach the PRESI DENT. It is a singular fact that on Mr. JOHNSON'S own motion when Governor oh Tennessee a prece dent of impeachment was established, which has been strongly urged against himself. The case of Judge WEST H. HUMPHREYS is the only one which could furnish anything like a precedent to be used as a guide. But the position of a mere judge of a United States District Court is so dissimilar from that of the PRESIDENT, as well as the time of the Judge's offence, which was one of actual war, as to render it almost useless for the purpose. Failing impeachment, it is proposed to render the PRES!- ' DENT ineligible for re-election. On balancing the arguments for and against a measure like this, there • can be little doubt that such a change in the Constitution would be injurious. There is no ' office in which experience is of more value, and it is advisable that the changes should be as few as is consistent with the spirit of the Constitution and of good government. A great crisis might arise at the very moment that it would be necessary to elect the new PRESIDENT, and the interests of the country might be damaged materially by a change of Administration being forced on it at a critical moment. Such, for in stance, was the case with Mr. LINCOLN'S Adminis tration. The midst of a perilous war was not the time to put the helm into the hands of a new man . The country felt this, and, without hesitation, re elected Mr. LINCOLN. That they acted with the greatest wisdom there can be now no doubt, and with such a case before us it would be little less than madness to deprive the people of the power of thus recording their sense of the manner in which their affairs had been administered. It is in accord ance with the spirit of the American Constitution, to enforce as strongly as possible on the PRESIDENT the will of the majority of the nation. If the people cannot re-elect the PRESIDENT for another term of office, one strong inducement for him to carry out the popular wishes would be removed. On the other hand, if the people retain the power to re elect, the PRESIDENT who sought another term of office—which nearly all do would be com pelled to shape his course by the sentiments of the majority. It may be urged, that the national opinions and feelings may be wrong, and the PRE SIDENT, in withstanding them, may be right, and that it would not be wise to hold out to the head of the Executive an inducement to pander to public tastes and opinions. If this be so, Democracy is an error, and the sooner a ruler is made absolute the better. Democracy is, however, held in America to be the true theory of Government, and so long as the Con stitution is founded on that theory the measures of Congress should conform to it. Democracy does not enforce constant changes of Government. Its object is to obtain frequent expressions of public opinion—to give the people after short intervals a legal means of sweeping away obnoxious Govern ments. But it does not, and is not intended to en force, constant changes of rulers. A third plan, and one Congress is pretty sure to adopt in depriving the PRESIDENT of power, is to reduce his patronage to the lowest possible point. To effect this it will be necessary to revolutionise the whole system of the public service, and adopt a plan based on a Euro pean model. An official class will be created, to which men will be appointed young—and only after an examination—when their rise will depend on their capacity and good behaviour. The PRESI DENT host Of course retain the power of dismissal, but it will be controlled by public opinion, which would not permit a gentleman who made the service his profession,to be discharged from his office with out good cause being assigned. The QUEEN holds this power ; and the public more frequently com plain of its being too seldom, rather than too generally exercised. It may be doubtful whether in the future it would be advisable to fill such an office as that of the PRESIDENT by any man not directly elected for the post by the people. As the Constitution now stands, but one election only can occur in each interval of four years. The case of the PRESIDENT'S death, impeachment, or incompe tency, is provided for by the Constitution, and it is an open question whether this contingency would not be better met by the nation immediately select ing a successor. The chances of a Vice-President thus succeeding the ruler of the Executive is so improbable as to enter little into the calculation, and the opinions and merits of the candidates for that office are not scrutinised as they ought to be in view of such a contingency. The quarrel, how ever, between the PRESIDENT and the Congress will be productive of a real benefit to the country, if it ends—as we have every hope it may—in creating a public service class—educated and trained—to fill the offices of the United States Administration.— Anglo-American Times. the act, whatever milling rights might have been acquired since 1714 had been acquired subject to the paramount right which thepublic had, that the fish should not be taken or hindered by such dams from passing or going up tho river to spawn. If there wore no such enactments restrain ing mill-owners, it would be competent for any person to plant himself at that part where a great river ceases to be navigable, and to erect so largo a darn as to practically an nihilate the whole salmon fisheries of the river. Hence the. statute makes the salmon pass a paramount right over all milling rights, and that on the ground of public policy. Now the question was, whether the mill darn of Messrs Garnett came within the above prohibition. Their coun sel contended that the statute had gone into disuse, and was therefore inoperative ; that, at all events, this dam had been used 20, 40, and 60 years, without challenge, and that the title was now good against all the world ; that the Prescription Act had now repealed the statute of George 1., and that it was at all events repealed by the Fishery Act in 1S61; and that even if the Ist Geo. I. could be looked at, this dam did not, in point of fact, take or hinder the fish from passing up to spawn. The learned commis sioner then combated these several points, showing that the weir was supposed to have been built in 1781, and at all events that it had not been proved to ' have existed before 1714, and that it must have been illegal up to 1861. They did not think there was any authority for saying that the statute of 1714 became inoperative, because it was not enforced. It only showed that no one felt sufficiently aggrieved to set it in motion, but it did not alter the essen tially illegal character of the act prohibited by the statute. If then, the mill darn was illegal up to 1861, how had it since become legal? The act of 1861, though repealing previous acts, and among them lstGeorge 1., did not make legal anything that had been previously illegal, and what they had to try was whether this dam was legal in 1861, and if it had anything illegal since that date. They saw nothing in the late Salmon Fishery Acts, which made this darn legal, or which could warrant them in finding it to be now legal, though the remedy had no doubt been now altered. Then it had been contended that the dam did not take or hinder fish from passing up the river. The baulk (before described) was occasionally lifted, so as to make an aperture through which the fish often did effect a pas sage. But this was only used as matter of fairness and occasionally, and was first put in about 49 years ago, not because there was any obligation to do sn, but because Mr. Garnett, being a lover of the sport, wished to assist his neighbours in that respect. This was generous and neighbourly; but the question was, whether ho had ever legally acquired the right to do this. When the baulk was closed, did it hinder the fish, and had Mr. Garnett the right to a dam of that character ? They considered it did, and their order must be that the dam must be al tered so as to render it legal. According to the act of 1865, their order must be such as would "render the dam incapable of taking fish;" and the only way to do that was to make an opening in the top of the dam, at the site of the previous baulk. It was impossible to make an order which would not in some way injure the milling power. The owner of the dam had made no suggestion or they would have endeavoured to give it weight ; but as he relied on his absolute right, and considering the import ance of the case, as affecting:his milling interests, would probably take the opinion of a superior court, they must come to the best decision they could on the evidence be fore them as affecting the practical form of their order. What they would therefore order was that the planks on the top of the stonework of the dam, which were shown to be first used since 1827, should be removed ; and also that the baulk be removed, and two inches more under the baulk, during the whole length of such baulk, and that this opening shall be permanent during the whole year. Mr. Jordan, Messrs. Garnett's counsel, immediately gave notice of appeal to the Court of Queen's Bench. Report on the General Land °fade. The magnitude of the domain which has fallen into the hands of the Anglo-Saxon race is best estimated by the study of the Reports of the Territo rial officers of the United States Government. England rules over spaces of the earth's surface as large as that of the United States, and so does Russia. But in none of these is the grasp so broad and comprehensive. India is peopled by numerous races, divided into numerous provinces, writing languages so different that even the charac ters are wholly dissimilar. Great Britain has no permanent hold of Hindostan —the English are there as strangers and aliens, and will one day—perhaps sooner than they imagine —have to withdraw. Vast as is Australia our race has as yet no really substan tive possession of the country, the settlements being, when compared with the area, but a few widely scattered localities along the coast. The regions occupied by Russia, as well as those of British North America, extend into the most unhospitable portions of the globe, fitted only as the dwelling place of the Esquimaux. The Indian Government issues no reports for the information of the people they rule, descriptive of the steps taken for the advancement of their material wellbeing. There the inhabitants do not organise themselves into companies to open up districts by railways and canals, to dig out minerals, and to clear and plant waste tracts of jungle. Whatever steps are taken in this direction are by their rulers, and almost wholly in England, with English capital. The colonies in Australia are separate communities, having governments as distinct as if divided by oceans, and only connected by the chance of being located on the same island. For grand figures con veying grand designs we must turn then to the United States ; and there we will find all we can de sire in the last Report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office. The entire area of the Re public is estimated at 3,250,000 square miles, with a population calculated in 1865 at 35,500,000: , Of this area the public lands comprise 1,465,468,000 acres, of which 474,160,551 acres have been sur veyed. During the year ending 31st May last the Government disposed of 4,500,000* acres. A portion of this became the freehold property of Eu ropean emigrants and other settlers. A liberal portion was conferred on railroads along the line of their tracks, and some went to endow schools and colleges, as well as reserves made for other purposes. The land thus appropriated was generally of the richest soil, blessed with a genial climate, and possessing great facilities of communication in railways and navigable rivers. The mineral wealth beneath the soil is only beginning to be known. " The precious metals," says the Commissioner, " are "deposited in three broad belts striking across the " United States. One known as the Appals , " chian gold field, traversing the older States " of the Union, in a line parallel with the " Atlantic coast, and appearing in Virginia " and North Carolina ; the other is the Rocky Moun lc thin gold fields, traversing all the more recently " organised territory ; and the third, the Sierra " Nevada gold fields, extending through the country "bordering on the Pacific." These metals exist, chiefly, in California, in Nevada, in North Eastern and South Western Oregon, in Washington terri tory, in Idaho, Montana, Colorado, Southern Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona. These districts will be penetrated by the Union Pacific Railway and the gold returns enormously increased. It is estimated that the auriferous soil exists over an area of a million square miles, and now yields an annual product, adding the value of the silver to that of the gold, of over 20 millions sterling. In California alone since 1848 there has been produced 200 millions sterling, while the mines of Nevada, Colorado, Idaho, Mon tana, New Mexico, and Arizona, are making large annual additions to the yields of California. Iron is distributed generally throughout these territories, and copper can be obtained in immense quantities in particular localities, while lead, tin, and zinc are found in several of the States. Petroleum exists in abundance in the public lands west of the Rocky Mountains, as well as in the Eastern States. A remarkable spring is mentioned under the ocean opposite San Luis Obispo, north of Point Concep cion, some three miles from shore, from which springs oil in such quantities that in calm weather the surface of the sea becomes covered with it for 20 miles. Another curious feature is found near Los Angelos, where a spring fills a small pond from 50 to 100 feet in diameter with oil tar, which the inhabitants of the surrounding plain, known as Tar Lake, use for the coating of roofs and otherpurposes. There is no wonder that a country so enriched by nature should be the great emigration field of the world, and should possess such power of absorption that, however great nifty he the flow, the demanl is still for more. In the olden times the settlers had to hew their farms from the forest. But the country now principally selected is the treeless prairie, and attention is being strongly directed, not to the best means of destroying timber, but to the best mode of cultivating trees. The Commissioner pointedly calls attention to this. All Western farmers are urged to follow the example of Ohio, and to begin the planting of woods, so successfully accom plished;in that State. It is said that trees of some sort will grow in the United States wherever men will settle, The Bureau recommends that the home stead law should be amended, to make it compul sory on every settler on localities without trees, to plant, and to require the Government surveyors to scatter seeds over the places they survey. It is also suggested that the military posts and Indian agencies should inclose spaces for groves, and it is thought that once the habit becomes general, and, eelings of emulation and pride are raised among the settlers thus to ornament and utilise their homesteads, that the practice will become universal. We have even a better guarantee that the Government will not direct the attention of its people to this subject in vain, from the fact that it will be alike profitable and useful.---A itylo- A inerican Times. sPißir OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. -e TIMES.—The political commotion of the time is producing its effects in a plentiful crop of per sonalities. Mr. Lowe's alleged demerits have been the theme of every platform ; Mr. Bright began his autumn campaign with tremendous philippics on Lord Derby and the Tories. The political chiefs on either side have had the discretion to keep clear of the fray—the Ministerial party by preserving a rigid and mysterious silence, which neither civic blandish ments nor agricultural joviality can induce them to break ; the members of the late Government by the device of a Roman pilgrimage. But the contest is too exciting for the weaker and less experienced partisans. More than one seems to have lost his head entirely. Mr. Danby Seymour is deceived by obvious misprint into charging Mr. Bright with the promulgation of a doctrine too absurd and monstrous to be uttered by any but a French Communist; and without even the excuse of a misprint he turns " half " into " all," and makes the subject of his criticism talk simple nonsense. But it has been re served for Mr. Garth to show how unruly a member the tongue may become when the excitement of a local election is added to the excitement of a national agitation. This gentleman, an experienced lawyer of the Home Circuit, well knowing the meaning of defamation, and not ignorant of the nature of evi dence, has b,ten hurried by party spirit into making a number of assertions most derogatory to Mr. Bright, and entirely, as it seems to us, unsupported by proof. The correspondence which we publish elsewhere shows Mr. Garth adopting mere hearsay reports, and framing out of them definite charges against Mr. Bright, less with regard to the latter's political conduct than to his private relations with his workpeople and townsmen. Mr. Garth, when called upon to give his authority for these asper sions, is only able to quote all extract from another electioneering speech, that of Mr. Pope Hennessy a few weeks since, and some equally in con _ elusive accusations of Mr. Ferrand. No one is better aware than Mr. Garth that such ult.; I supported statements do not -.justify any man in attacking the private character of another, and it was nothing less than an attack on private character of which Mr. Garth was guilty. He told the Guild ford electors that Mr Bright had been hooted away from his own premises ; that his own people distrust him ; that when thousands of men were out of em ployment during the cotton famine, and people who had no direct interest in the matter subscribed liberally, Mr. Bright did not subscribe a halfpenny; or, if this be an incorrect report, as Mr. Garth sug gests in his letter, he at any rate charges his ad versary with niggardly conduct at a time of great national distress. The accusation of proposing a loan to the working classes for the purpose of ob taining an unfair advantage over them in the matter of wages is also as grave a charge against an em ployer of labour as can be imagined. In the corre spondence with regard to this matter Mr. Bright has plainly the better of his opponent. Mr. Garth may well regret that he ever permitted himself such unworthy comments on a political adversary. Un doubtedly the hustings do tend to encourage a licence of phrase, and much may be forgiven and forgotten at election time. Mr. Pope-Hennessy's display of Irish denunciation amused rather than offended the public ; but when a grave Queen's Counsel follows on the same side, and deliberately states things to be facts for which, when questioned, he can only adduce rumour or private conversation, people will believe that platform recklessness has been carried too far. The incident should be a lesson to speakers in the position of Mr. Garth. He pro bably never gave his words a second thought. He had heard it said that Mr. Bright had done this and that, and, lending to the narrative the willing , ear of political dislike, he made the Guildford elec tors the confidants of his information. He doubt less never reflected on the importance, we might almost say the enormity, of the offences he imputed, nor remembered that the reporters were • there to give his charges a circulation far beyond the limits of his borough. The consequence is a humili ation at the beginning of his political career which should make bim a wiser and more cautious man. The moral we may draw from this incident is a very old one, but one which requires to be now and then brought to the minds of all those engaged in politi cal discussion. It is, " avoid personalities." When a man engages in public life his public conduct is all that his opponents have a right to criticise. Whether or not Mr. Bright's firm be popular with their work people ' • whether or not they subscrib e d h an d somely to the Lancashire Fund, is no business of Mr. Garth or any other politician, in or out of the House of Commons. It is quite fair to reprobate Mr. Bright's political harangues, and to resent his attacks on men and orders of men whom we know to be upright and patriotic ; but his speeches during the last few months have been sufficient to furnish matter for hostile comment enough to satisfy even the strong partisanship of a borough meeting at election time. It is by refuting the statements, and reasoning against the conclusions, of the Radical party that attewhhlraeeee classes part srl Cfloohdsofryuntwtshtyaei tare r ni et v edßoh a mr t paii i oit v ovai swesovshtei haves mppfh all eul ci ead telxxhart ta. :hes es e esae s c s: t ivooetapoff orenr ecarry tet representatives i vs t l eia h nsr them elyoef tihtt he y a s om TIMM 37: c of educ . a t tion e and refinement, and whose cause is all the more in jured by the appearance of recklessness and injustice. No public man o f our time has done more ijustice to his opponents, or 'made more enemies thereby, than Mr. Bright himself ; and his conduct in thi s respect ought to b e a warning rather than an ex yl have t ve i c ea al carried controversies eeda o awithout employed int may the thee present sd earnestly eoncauaceh, a w a n n e l d a p p l z o e e n a s l o a u P s i 3 h l and which have only wounded him who has used them. persuade TIMES.—The which u wasstthat, held a t, grand after tteEr Edinburgh disputation ull, wreghd olast on nowt edeikff Democracyerso oughtv ertyo much from our ancestors. Burke may cry out that the age of chivalry is gone, and it is probable that sophisters, economists, and calculators, have inbreased in numbers since he uttered his celebrated lament, but the perfervidunz ingenium Scotoruni has, at all events, not yet died out. North of the Tweed human p ass i ons and prejudices, sympathies mpathies and antipathie s , h ave somehow or- other survived placeth etz s t e o of railw as Mr . ays. TennysonT The old changes, giving remains. The c ann i est of nations got übputthethfearscpeiroitf the Eglinton Tournament, and now a grave Pro fessor of the north Country runs a tilt against Democraey and the passions of the crowd like a very knight-errant, equally enthusiastic and im practicable, and unimpeded by any suspicion of the value and effectiveness of his onslaught. It is im possible not to be amused at Professor Blackie's enterprise, but it is equally impossible rot to feel kindly disposed to him for his spirit in undertaking it. We may laugh at Don Quixote gravely point ing out to highway robbers the impropriety of their way, of life, but respect i s m i ng l ed with our laughter. It seems that the annual soiree of the Edinburgh Working Men's Institute has recently been held, at which Professor Blackie was present. Whether, like Don Quixote, he was in search of adventure, we know not ; but, having au oppor tunity of speaking, he proceeded forthwith to de nounce Democracy. It need scarcely be remarked bow completely this is in the style of the true knight-errant. He is ever ready to:attack a mon ster, and to succour the distressed. But your knight-errant scorns to take an unfair advantage of any one, and Professor Blackie doubtless felt that in making this unexpected raid on the enemy's camp he took them a little unawares. Accordingly he offered to discuss the whole question at some future time with any champion of Democracy who might present himself to the encounter. The offer was accepted, Mr. Ernest Jones was the champion found, and last Thursday the jousting began. Nothing could be more chivalric, mediaeval, dra matic. The professor is the new St. George, burn ing with a desire to kill the dragon which devours all beauty. We are reminded again of the knight who tilted at a windmill and challenged the world to deny that his Dulcinea was the fairest of her sex, or of contending jongleurs in the Court of Love, or of the wandering students of the such ac the rioressur's own countryman—the:semi-myth ical Crichton —who passed from university to uni versity pinning up at the schools a declaration of their readiness to dispute upon anything, from the reconciliation of foreknowledge and free will down or up to the question whether goods taken in withernam be irreplegiable. Mr. Ernest Jones was as confident and enthusiastic as the Professor, and it must be acknowledged that the pair were not ill suited to each other. Both are by way of being poets, though a heedless world has almost forgotten the fact. Yet the praises of Mr. Jones' poetry were trumpeted forth years ago in a most orthodox periodical—the now defunct English Review—and, as it was reported at the time, by a critic who has Am , rican Humour. Irish drollery has long been proverbial. Rich in imagination —prone to exaggeration, careless in expression, and fluent in speech--the Irishman, with his ready reply and his comical way of putting things, makes his " bulls" tell with more effect than other men their truisms. But the irrepressible Yankee is "taking the wind" even out of his sails, and fast attaining the highest reputation for a wit and drollery which has an equal advantage with the Irish of bcing original and national, such, indeed, as no other nation can imitate. ARTEMCIS WARD is an excellent sample of the American style, though he.is too polished and intellectual to convey a real idea of the general type of Down-East humour. SAM SLICK is a charming specimen ; though books cannot fully convey to the mind the effect of the individual. The American humorist is a man with a grave, serious face —never more grave and serious than when exciting shouts of laughter from all around him. A keen sense of the ludicrous, and a happy knock of seizing on it, are strongly his characteris tics. lle has a fitting way of conveying the pic ture in a national phraseology, and then handling that picture in all its aspects in a dry, droll manner, which never loses the serious guise under which it is shrouded. Many American humorists hit the question at issue by a quaint story, more powerful than the strongest argument, though the hearers may not at first perceive the drift till the point is made. The late President LINCOLN was an admirable example of this. The speeches of the American yachtsmen at the banquet at Cowes were full of fun and " chaff," delivered in that peculiar American manner which is irresistibly comic to the English. There are few people who more enjoy jokes than the English, and though themselves not given to drollery, they appreciate it highly in others. ARTEMITS WARD is the greatest success of the seascn, and we venture to say that there was no dinner during Christmas week where there was more merriment than that to which we have alluded at Cowes. Nothing could be more effective than the line taken by these celebrated yachtsmen. Instead of disturbing digestion by dreary platitudes, they sent their entertainers home with sore sides and muscles strained by unwonted exertion—benefited and refreshed by an unusual exercise. The American is known to the world mainly as a trader, and the world is now only be ginning truly to learn the national character. De mocratic institutions and a keen sharpness in trade, have generated an erroneous impression. The true American is a most imaginative being. Poetical, witty, prone to exaggeration, and with high-flown sentiments and imagery. He combines all these with a rare practical &latitude which has deceived foreigners. The war has exploded a host of errors held in Europe of the American people, but it is hard to uproot the prejudices of a century. The freer intercourse now establishe3, and the fact that on this side people have been generally compelled to acknowledge that they were wrong is producing an effect ; it is probable that, not long hence, the American character will be more truly appreciated, and when it is European statesmen will be less liable to blunder when dealing with American questions.—AnDlo-American 7 imes. The Salmon Fisheries Commission. The special commissioners concluded their sittings at Preston on Friday afternoon, for the Ribble, when, at the appointed hour, judgment was deliverei in the case of the Clithcroo weir. The Chairman (Mr. Paterson) delivered as elaborate judgment in this important case. M r . Garnet; be said, had been served with a notice, as the owner of &fish ing mill-dam on the Ribble, at Low Moori-Clitheroe ; and, on the one side, it had been contended that such fishing mill-dam was illegal; and, on the other, it was contended that the commissioners had no jurisdiction—that even if they bad, the weir was in all respects i n conformity with the law, and not in contravention of the ac t 18 61, and so that there was nothing as to which they could make any order whatever. Considering first the question o f jurisdic tion, he said they had to inqui▪ reinto fixed engines, fishing weirs, and fishing mill-dams, and if this was any of these throe things, it could only be a fishing mill-dam, which was defined by the statute to mean "a dam used or in tended to be used partly for the purpose of catching or facilitating the catching of fish, and p art l y for the purpose of supplying water for milling or other purposes." This dam, according to the evidence, was a solid wall of ma sonry, built right across the bed of the Ribble, at a part where it is not navigable. Ho thought an agreement dated 1829, which had been produced, showed that there had been added since that date a row of planks along the top of this stone-work, thus addi▪ ng about 20 inches to the height of the dam. At the end of the dam was a sluice leading to the mill. On the other side was a part of the dam, next the right bank, called a baulk, which was a piece of wood, about 17 feet long and 30 inches wide, which was moveable on a hinge at one end, so that it could be lifted up, and when so lifted it made an opening in the dam itself of a triangular shape. There was no cub cruive or artifi cial apparatus, put behind any part of the darn for catch ing fish. The mill, during most of the four dry mouths of the yekr, absorbed the whole of the water of the river, so that the natural bed of the river, below the dam, was left all but dry. Then when the baulk was suddenly opened, the flow of water down the natural bed of the river enticed the fisk up to the dam, and they crowded at the foot of it ; and if the baulk be suddenly shut again the fish could be taken either by hand as they lay stranded or by nets in the few pools in which water was left. They thought that the fact of there bang no box or cruive close to the dam itself was immaterial, because, though a box was the usual feature of a fishing mill-dam, it was only so because in most cases without it fish could not be easily caught, and where, as in this case, fish could j us t as readily be caught without the aid. of a box or cru i ve, this was not the less a fishing mill-dam, if in point of fact, the dam had been used to facilitate the catching of a fish. The commissioners thought the facts satisfied the definition given by the statute of a fishing mill-dam, and that it was imma terial whether the owner fished with the aid of the mill dam occasionally or constantly, nor did they think it made any difference whether the milling power was so much more valuable than tho fishing power that the latter was insignificant in proportion. On the whole they consi dered this a fishery min -dam, and that therefore they had jurisdiction. Aft er some remarks on the application of sec. 23 and 25 o f the Salmon Fishery Act to this case, which the com m i ss i oners thought did not take this case out of their jurisdiction, the chairman said they had to con sider next the nature of the issue to be raised before them, and he said they considered they had no concern with a more matter of complaint that might arise between A and B, but they presumed they had to deal with only those cases in which public rights had been infringed by reason of the violation of some maxim of public policy as declared by common law, or by express statute. This being their view, the question was whether there was any ground of public policy in the common law or the statutes which prohibited any dams being made Which hindered fish from passing. He said it was unnecessary in this case to con rider u hat eras the doctrine of the common law, for there was a statute applicable to this very run which seemed in point. He then quoted 1 Geo. L; stet. 2, c. 18, sec. 14 of which contained a preamble stating that the several acts for the preservation of fishing had proved ineffectual in certain rivers, the Ribble being one, and therefore it was enacted that any person setting "any bank, dam, hedge, or slouch net or nets across the said rivers" should forfeit £5 for the offence, and the justices should demolish the banks or dams. This remained unrepealed until the passing of the Salmon Fishery Act of 1861, so that since 1774 to 1861 any dam in the Ribble and other rivers named, so far as it hin dered the fish passing or going up to spawn,was been illegal, and th e enactment embodied this principle, that, as mill dam e were not excepted from the operation of and had since achieved the highest Parliamentary distinction; and Professor Blackie's verses have beyond all doubt the merit of vigor, if purchased at the cost of some rudeness. Then, again, if one of the disputants was a Professor of Greek, the other has been a Confessor of Chartism, and it may be doubted whether, for the purposes of the debate, the practical education in volved in some months' imprisonment were not as valuable as a perfect knowledge of the history of the ancient republics. Lastly, if Professor Blackie be Scotch, Mr. Jones is, or ought to be, a Welsh man. Here are all the elements of a very pretty encounter—imagination, knowledge, temper—at which bystanders, and especially English bystanders, may look on, applauding a good blow on whatever side it is struck, and inspired by a more assured im partiality because of the conviction that nothing serious can result from the affray. The passage at arms is gentle and joyous in spite of no blood flow ing from it. The Professor, by arrangement, com menced the attack. On Thursday night he appeared in the field armed with a pamphlet of 54 pages, wherewith to demolish his adversary and put down democracy for ever. From this he discharged argu ment after argument, supplementing them occasion ally by oral additions, when he found the opinion of the ring condemning his written words as too few or too ineffective for his purpose. He concluded, wo are told, amid loud cheering. Mr. Jones took the offensive on Friday night, and was equally vigo rous, equally declamatory, and equally successful. But impartial bystanders must confess that the at tack and defence were alike superficial and unsatis factory. Professor Blackie's best arguments were derived from the American Republic, and ale worth attention as so many reesons to dissuade men from copying the institutions of the States ; but demo cracy and the Union are by no means identical. It is quite possible for an advocate of democracy to admit that the American Constitution is radically wrong, and against such an advoeate Professor Blackie would have little or nothing to say. If Mr. Ernest Jones had replied that in a true democracy the representative or legislative body ought to cor respond in its composition to the varied c'aaracter of the people governed, and that each class ought to find its spokesmen there in exact proportion to its own strength ; if he had gone on to admit that this ideal is not approached, and never can be approached under the present constitution of the United StateE, and that the English House of Commons is far more nearly a copy in miniature of the English nation than Congress is of the Union ; but, allowing all this, had contended that the representation of the several classes of society in Parliament did not ob serve the law of proportion either in respect of num bers or of importance, and that it would increase our strength and better our legislation if we made a step towards observing it, what would Professor Blackie have been abl to reply ? He might say, and with truth, that his arguments had beendirected against Mr. Bright and the Reform Bills of the late 1 `Government ; but when a learned professor descends into the arena we expect him to do something more than to expose elementary fallacies, or, if he defends such a course by the position of his opponents, to show that he is aware of the extreme narrowness of his ground. But Mr. Jones was as feeble in defence. as his adversary in attack. Like many another rea soner,-he glorified Democracy without attending to what his opponent had to urge against it. He ad mitted, indeed, the shortcomings of New York, but excused them on the ground of the mixed character of the inhabitants of New York city. The plea is not without force, but it leaves Mr. Jones's abstract, praises of Democracy without a leg to stand upon. If the form of government of a country must de-. pend upon the traditions, feelings, and habits of its inhabitants, we cannot argue upon the applica bility of Democracy to a nation without taking into account a thousand circumstances which Mr. Jones disdained to consider. We are, in fact, relegated to the domain of expediency as the true method of inquiry. We must weigh the history of the past . and the temper an d compos iti on o f t h e present be fore venturing to recommend any alteration in the: constitution or government of any people. The due between Professor Blackie and Mr. Jones over the body of Democracy will probably do little harm if it does not do much good. Should it set anybody thinking on the subject, it will need no further jus tification, fur nothing was more evident last sum- , mer than the ignorance of the House of Commons on Reform. It was plain that it had never been considered as a practical question, and that men had talked about it for years without caring to ex amine what was meant by the phrases they glibly repeated. Anything would be better than such a condition of the Parliamentary mind. To be thus ignorant is to be the subject of blind impulse, of raw haste, and of rash errors which may rable. We may hope that some improvement has since taken place, but it would be idle to pretend that much does not remain to be done before any satisfactory legislation can be achieved, and if Pro fessor Blackie does nothing but draw attention to the fact, that small result is not without its value. -' COUNTRY MARKETS. COLCHESTER-JAN. 5. At the market to-day wheat was in short supply, and the trade was inactive, at is to 2s over former terns• Barley also is to 2s higher. All other articles were un altered. Wheat, white Us 708 Beans, Mazagan......33s 408 red G2s 67s Middle and small..l4d 488 Barley ... l2s Hs Peas, white. 38s 12 6 Oats CHELMSFORD-JAN. 4. A rather short supply of wheat at market, which sold at is to 2s per qr advance. Barley in bettor demand, and at is per qr more money. Other grain firm, with no material change in value. Wheat, old white....s2s 66s ' Peas, Partridge 41s 434 new .b s en Wh,te ....32s 3 6 ! old red 50s 59s Boiling - s —7 new 50s 58s Dun .3 88 400 Barley.... 26s 33s ditio, new....--s — 4 Chevalier -a —s Beans, Tick, old __los 45s Grinding * , ss 30s new. ...38s 4 261 Malt 58s COs Harrow t icks.42s 5 6 ,, . 3 Chevalier 61's 62s new . ..108 4461 Oats 2ls 27s Mangan ...• ..198 4361 GRANTHAM-JAN. 5. Not much wheat on offer to-day, and there was a fair inquiry at is to 2s per qr. above last week's rates. Supo - , rior qualities o f b ar l ey were a small show, and sold al higher prices. Oats fully maintained their value. Peas easier to purchase. Beans dull at rather lower rates. Old white wheat, 65s to 725; old red, 60s to 68s ; no° white, 68s to 71s ; new red, 56s to 64s per 36 stone. Bar" ley for malting, 38s to 455 per qr.; grinding, 30s to 34s pot, 30 stone. Oat s , o ld , 30 s to 32 s ; new, 25 s t o 30 s per `.4 3 stone. Beans, old, 42a to 525; new, 39s to 46s per 38 steno*, Peas, 35s to 40s per 36 stone. NORTHAMPTON-JAN. 5. There was a fair quantity of wheat at market—the de mand was tolerably active at fully is per qr.. more monel . Barley in firm demand ; best sorts rather dearer. Oats tolerable show, and with a steady demand last weeo prices were fully supported. Beans had a downward dopey. Peas not much in request' at lower rates. New white wheat, 58s to 655; new red, 46s to 64s ; old white, 62s to 68s; old red, 61s to 66 s per 36 stone. Barld for malting, 42s to 51s per qr. ; grinding, 29s to 36s per 9' stone. Oats, old, 26s to 33s ' • new, 23s to 32s per 24 stone.' Beans, old, 46s to 49s ; new, 42s to 45s per 38 stone. Pea , 38s to 42s per 36 stone. ABERDEEN-JAN. 4. Business was again dull, with little alteration in oUrl quotations. • White wheat 52s Od to 60s Oth 621 13 bushel . Red wheat 48 s Od t o 55 s Od j" Potato oats 24 s . 0d t o 26 s Odk 40lb 1 bushol! Common oats 23 s 6d t o 25 s Od Bere 318 Od to 32s 6d t „, " V bushel. ' lb V Barley 32 s Od to 33 s Od j Oatmeal 20 s 6d to 21 s Gd boll of 28 0 Flour, tine 43 s Odl o 50 s 6d VI sack of 280. D. KIRKCALDY—JAN. 4. Small supply of wheat, good of barley and oats. Aw kinds sold freely at a rise of is per qr. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First...... 565 Od ' 24s .4d 22s Od 1 ::•econd.... :9s Oct I 38s Od 2.is Od Third- 61s Od 4,s Od 29s Od Births. HAY—On the 7th inst., at 44, Prince's-gate, the wife of 11 ' Hay, Esq., of Haystone, of a daughter. TURNER.-0a the 7th inst., at Streatham-hill, Mrs. Har° l Turner, of a son. WOODS—On the 6th inst., at Hyd e - par k- gar d ens, the Wif° H. Woods, Esq., M.P., of a son. WELLIAMS—On the 7th inst., at 97, St. George's-v: O4 Pimlico, London, the wif e o f W. Williams, Esq barri r ter-at-law, of a son. Marriages. FULLERTON — MAITLAND —Ou the 3d ink ,at Cally It Kirkcudbrightshire, Lieut.-Col. Fullerton, of Bengal Staff Corps, to Isabella., eldest daughter of t" late S. C. Maitland, Esq., of Dundrennan, N.B. 4, MACKRESON—HARTLEY—On the 2d inst., at S. M Walthamstow ' Essex Charles Mackreson, Esq., of Fio . , road, Stockwell, to Rosa, second daughter of J. Hartio.o Esq., of Walthamstow. Deaths. ASHBY —Ou 110 6th inst., at Well-street, Hackney, 111. ' 4 B. Aehby, aged 71. EDMESTON—On the 7th inst., at Homerton, James .Edine ton, Esq., aged 76. GREENHILL —On the sth inst., at The Whist, Aslif °l. Kent, Richard Greenhill, Esq., aged 74. .erf . JACKSON—On the Gth inst., M r . R an dl e J ac k son , of 11 dlesham, Surrey. PROWSE—On the sth inst., at Camden-place, Lewish s Kent, S. R. Prowse, Esq., aged 82. TALLENT—On the Gth inst., Edward Tallent, Esq., of W eill : Horkesley Park, near Colchester. 0 1 1 London: Printed and Published by WIL LIAM AN :9— ,z - lf of No. 112, Strand, Painter at Teti SUN Oiroc, Ni",, I Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, is the COun' laidctleses.—Tuesday, January 8, 1667. LON On the the Hot regards No impr The manages Provinei This tion ; to point ot present 'lament The I supp or t, Metrnp o "hose to Write Jame; ; ; TIIE th, UNITE] LAND, the Bth to treat for suppl Rowed V calendar of three The al of the Tc the Lot Admira It after Tw noticed u authorise E verT Admiralt " Tender at the De oinerset responsit Person t( mance of CO Tit rIPHE IL the UNITED LAND d( January ready to tract for t F] for the us may be d( 1867, bott Tho Co as no The Lo theinselve the Tend( Tender Lion will 1 The Co to make o The Co agent resi dress of ti No Ten form pros on applies troller of the Postro the contra No Teni treaty, an( or an ages the day of each perso sureties in Eve r y _I Admiralty of the Col House, sig become b £3OO for ti Baer, and .1 The Con the Contra By ( TT) The SEI receirinK BREECH-: repeating, future man The folk military no Not to e] To bo 51 hollow of tl c. WE Must not servico. Must car . The fore fixed accon Must be : allow a slip Must not 10 per cent. Must be t rough usag f breech -load also, of heir men, qua of ont3 L Must be a and exPosu Snider 's con dental e$ lc b eing mane; Quality, Optional. L. TH: Optional. Optional. Capable' o aiming, th e 0• ACCURA The arm than 86in. a and bin. at Tho meat shots each. deg. Not or f u g .3 4 min. The shoo at 1,000 yan that of t ni h e el viz., 12 half hours in wai Distance Wax on b inlay b e Slip( 'necessary by No arms ..Pecification V a .ting the pir 4 ninon, shout Office, Pall-/ The spe m i by the Ordni b ers, who w War, and wl select and re as may appei Such as may warrant thei ditions of wi Each accei for experinte to the specie munition pei bland. Eact committee 1 1 , Ploy. -"LCOlll.l,tiuL the ural "PPly o The Secre arm which, by the comet is select, A second r uli ng a sati arr., A third rei hies which • awarding thi of sustaining Various clime The shooti as they may (: the cartridge sidered as thi It is cleat+ will a compel such prize wi given to the'. eervico. MAG Magazine a eived and e 3 loading 'Miff uches, includ The limit o elusive of the It i s i n di s , bayonet. The Secret Magajo az Present define to be fulfilled Those Magi f or further trii This sum is arm, The Seerett Adopted produ opted into t and that the n Ga tos shall h o • if the r ifl e t 11 ' 10 the „rvi 174 °Mee,