The Sun. — London, England, 1841-12-20 00:00:00

bring his stomach to the attitude of entire prostration. The bended knee, no less than thefull-length prostration to the ground, is a symbol of homage from an inferior to a superior, and if not equally humiliating to the per• former, it is only because he has been made familiar, by practice with the one and not with the other. In Europe the bonded knee is exclusively appropriated to the rela tions of sovereign and subject, and no representative of any sovereign in Christendom ever bends the knee in presenting his credentials to another. It has been seen how the British Government and na tion had accommodated themselves to this self-arrogating system of the Chinese. It was by establishing a mono poly on their part, adapted to the monopoly of the Chi nese system. The exclusive right of trading with China was granted to the East India Company, and all the commerce of British subjects with the Celestial Empire was transacted by means of commissioned supercargoes, appointed by those merchant princes, without diploma tic character, and without direct intercourse with any officer of the Chinese Government. But on the expiration and renewal of the East India Company's charter in 1833, the exclusive right of trading with China was discontinued, and thenceforth the quasi political intercourse between the two nations transacted by mere commercial agents of tite East India Company ceased, and in the third and fourth year of the reign of William the Fourth, an Act of Parliament was made and passed, " to regulate the trade to China and India." In pursuance of the powers conferred upon the Crown by this Act, the sailor King issued three Orders in Council :-1. Constituting and appointinr , William John Lord Napier, William Chicheley, and John Francis Davis, Superintendents of the Trade of British sub jects" in China, with an order for the government of I British subjects within the Chinese dominions. 2. Creating a Court of Justice for the purposes therein mentioned. 3. Imposing duties on the ships and goods of British subjects trading to China, for the purposes therein mentioned ; that is, of defraying the expenses of the establishment. The order for the imposition of duties was afterwards rescinded, and the order for the „constitution of a Court of Justice was sus pended for further consideration. The Chief Super intendent, Lord Napier, was instructed to announce his arrival at Canton by letter to the Viceroy. The Superin tendents were instructed to take up their residence at the port of Canton, and to discharge the duties of their commission within the river or port of Canton, or at any other place within the river or port, or at any other place thereafter to be designated by an order in Council, and not elsewhere. One of the most remarkable circumstances attending all these transactions is, that in giving these instruc tions to the superintendents to take np their residence at Canton, and to the chief superintendent to announce his arrival by letter to the Viceroy, they appear not to have been aware of time possibility of any objection to this.course of. proceeding on the part of the Chinese. Accordingly—Teri his arrival in China, after organizing board, of superintendents at Macao, Lord Napier with his colleagues and the secretary of the commission pro ceeded immediately to Canton. You have,in the first despatch from Lord Napier to Lord Palmerston, the primitive and efficient cause of the present war between Great Britain and China. It was in the attempt to execute two points of the instruc tions to the superintendents.-1. That the chief super- intenzient should announce his arrival at Canton, by Ewer, to the - Viceroy, and the other, that the saperin - -tendents should take up their residences at Canton. Lord Nalaier, with the open-hearted and inconsiderate boldness of a British sailor, attempted to execute these points of instructions to the letter, with out for an instant conceiving that each of them was in direct conflict with the vital and fun damental laws of the Celestial Empire. This ignoran;:ke was very natural, and very excusable in s Captain (>1 the British navy, but how it came. to be shared by the Privy Council and the Secretary of State of the British Empire's more unaccountable. The instruc tions were explicit and p6sitive. Had there been the re motest suspicion at the time when they were prepared, that their execution would meet with resistance by the Chi nese authorities, it could not have failed to be noticed in them, with directions how the superintendents were to pro ceed in such an event. Until then the official protector of British commercial interest in China had been &supercargo of the East India Company, denominated by the Chinese a Towpan, whose representations or remonstrances in behalf of 13ritish subjects to the Governor of the two.provinces, Kwane• ' -tung and Kwang-see, were alway s presented in the form of petitions, and always ecnniminicated through the medium of Hong merchants, without obtaining or claiming direct access to the Chinese dignitary himaelf. That this mode of communication was to cease from the time of the expiration of the exclusive privilege of the East India Company, was equally well known to the British and Chinese Governments, and in the controversy which im mediately followed this first collision between Lord Na pier and the Governor Canton, the latter once and again asserts that ample warning had been , given to the British merchants that when, by the expiration of the privilege of the East India Company, the functions of the Towpan would be superseded, some suitable messenger must be substituted to settle with the Hong merchants 'those trifling and insignificant concerns of commerce which it was far heneat4 the dignity, of the Government of the Celestial Eitqlitle,to laroyide for or to notice. Bat I am alreadyitres.passlng upon. our patience—a brief and summaryViee Of the sequel is all that your time will at presenk, ~The proud and generous British noble ,in4ririer persisted in. his determination to hOld direct coiriultinication with tha Governor of the two provinces, Leo, and to continue ,tus residence-at Canton till he was otiliged to call for an armed force from the British frigate in wbieh he had performed his passage into' Canton ror the protection of his person from as saide• by the armed force of the Governor ; who, on his own part issued edict after edict against the barbarian eye, laboriously vib, Napier, who had come by sea more than ten thousand miles to the flowery laud of the Celestial Empire, for what purpose the chief of the two-eyed peacock feather could not tell, but against all reason, and itinerant of all dignities, pre tending to correspond with the Viceroy of the two pro vinces of Kwang-tung and Kwan-see, upon matters of trade, by letter instead of by petition, and to assume the functions which for a century and someitens of years had always been performed in all humility by a Towpan, pe titioning through the medium of the Hong merchants, who attempted for several days to negotiate a compromise between the Governor and the Noble Lord Superin tehtlent without success, till at length an edict was issued brthe Governor, which suspended the British trade. The British commerce in China was prostrated at a blow, and the only alternative left to Lord Napier was to retire under numerous insults and indignities to Macao, - where, on the 13th day of October, 1834, he died of cha grin and a broken heart. And here we might pause —my brethren of the Massa chusetts Olistoricr t l Society—do I hear you inquire what has all this to do with the opium question, or the taking of Canton ? These, I answer, are but incidents in that movement of mind on this globe of earth, of which the war betwom Great Britain and China is now the leading star. Of the four questions which I have proposed this evening to discuss, we have nut even reached the con elusion of the first. The justice of the cause between the two parties. Which has the righteous cause ? You will perhapS be sur prised to hear me answer, Britain—Britain has the righte oils cause. But to prove it, I have been obliged to show that the opium ques ti on i s not the cause of the war my demonstration is nut yet complete. The cause of the war is the Ko-tou !—the arrogant and insupportable pre tensions of Chi na, t h at she W ill hold commercial inter course with the rest of mankind nut upon terms of equal reciprocity, but upon t h e insulting and degrading forms of relation between- lord and vassal. The melancholy catastrophe with w hi c h I am obliged. to close, the death of the gallant Napier' was the first bitter fruit of the struggle against th at sion of China. , - mig ! t a' , t 'ulting and - senseless preten addr'esi: be permitted again t o the Hight of time, you, I should pursue the course of the 4 1 , 1 , 4 inquiry through : the i four ques tions with which I have of them all is involved in . the .41,1. t. the solution of the first, the justice o f th gertninating element e. -This I have sought in the natural rights of m e , n .t s With reference to the last of my four questionswhat are the duties of the Go vernment and the people of the ij o i to d ,Greach. ,:,Stotes resulting from the existing war between ears_ nt a il l if that war, I leave to your meditations th e . l as i' e n ve t a?.n and China? sten, bearin which the winds have brought to our e ransom of I Canton. When we remember the scornful refusal from of Mr. A the gates of Canton, in J u1y,1834, the letter of peace and friendship from L ord . g we trace the ie tu r t o the GoVernor of the two Provinces, and the co:el? refusal to receive the letter itself, and compare it.wr t h ° th u : ransom of that same city in June, 1841, whole line of connection between cause and effect. May we not draw from it a monitory lesson, written up on .1, beam of phosphoric light, of preparation for war and pre , . , nervation of peace. , ' _ MADAME DE S EV I G NE AND HER CONTEM PORARIES.—We are requested to state th t 5 _ a the bound work under the above title, in 2 vols., small 8v0.,. , 91. , Is published this day by .Mr Colburn, of Great Marl borough-street,-and may now be had of all booksellers. This interesting work comprises - sketches of above 100 of the most eminent persons of the times, among others —cardinal Richelieu, Corneille, Pascal, Dukeand Dutthes3 de Montmorency, Duchess de Chevreuse, Car dinal Mazarin, Gaston Duke of Orleans, Comte de Bussy Ralfittin, Cardinal de Retz, the Queen of Poland, the Priiiti•ess Palatine, Duchess de Longueville, Duke de la Re&efoueauldt. La Breuyere, the Iron Mask, Madame de Grip an, Mddle. de Scudery, La Fontaine, Racine, Moliere, Boileau, Duchess D'Orleans, Bossuet, Bourda lone,- Pere La Chaise, Turenne, Marquis de Louvois, Tottquet, Le Grand Colbert, Marquis de Dangeau, Comte and Co:ntesso de Grammont, Comte Hamilton, Marechal de Villeroi, Duchesse tie Mazarin, King and Queen of Spain, Duchess de la Valliere, Diddle. de Montpensier, Duke de Lanzun, Princess des Wisins, Ma datrt', des Maiutenon, James 11., the Earl of Holland, VillieraDuke of Buckingham, Earl of Ossory, Duke- of I‘lontag•u, Fout oe ik , Ferielon, Masillon, Monsieur and Madame de co u i floges; Louis XIV., &c., &c. TuE ColiartlNG.;.—We: cannot help making a remark or two on the7very superior manner in which the covering of .the are a l or the Smithfield Club Cattle Show was executed this seawn; • It was more lofty, much better in the arrangement, and altogether of a more substantial character, than ott Runner occasions. And it was fortu nate it was so, as the weather has been unusually unpro pitious, and the rain has descended in unrelenting storms. However, the comp any and cattle were kept dry. 'We find it was erected by Mr. Benjamin Xtlgingten, of 2, Duke-street, Southwark, and it does him great credit. — Farmer's Journal, Dee. 13. . DoDßßoplt DECe.IS.-:—Notwith standino. the present boisterous weather , our market was weft supplied with fat sh eep. Fat bullocks were not s o plentiful. Sales were mach fatly at the following prices :—Beef, from 52s to 58s per cwt ; Mutton, from 5 d to 511 per lb ; Cows and calves, 31. per cwt Wheat, f ro m 143 to 16s the bag of two bushels ; Barley, from 6s gel to 7s 9d do. Potatoes, 2s 444 th e b ag of 140 lbs. —Western Times. 13, Great Marlborough-street. MRS. GORE'S NEW NOVEL, " THE MAN OF FORTUNE," WILL BE READY AT ALL THE LIBRARIES On Wednesday Next, Dec. 22. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Just ready, embellished with,Portraits of Dr. Dee, Paraeelsus, and Cagliostro, THE CONCLUDING VOLUME OF _ _ _ MEMOIRS OF EXTRAORDINARY POPULAR DELUSIONS. Comprising :—The Alchymists, Pretended Antiquity of the Art, Avicenna, Albertus Magnus, Thomas Aquinas, Raymond Lulli, Roger Bacon, Pope John XXII., Cornelius Agrippa, Paracelsus, Dr Dee and Edward Kelly, The Cosmopolite, Sendivogius, The Rosicrusians, Alehymical Writers of the Seventeenth Century, De Lisle, Albert Aluys,_ Count de St. Germains, Cagliostro, Present State of the' Science, &c.— Fortune Telling, The Magnetisers, &c. By CHARLES MACKAY, Esq., Author of " The Thames and its Tributaries, &c. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN. UNDER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS, THIS EVENING, DEC. 20, _ Will be repeated Bellini's Opera of NORMA.—Pollio, Mr. W. Harrison ; Flavius, Mr. Clement White, Oroveso, Mr. Leffler ; Adalgisa, Miss Rainforth ; Clotilda, Miss Grant ; and Norma by Miss Adelaide Kemble. After which, the New Farce, entitled UNITED SERVICE. Captain Whistleborough, Mr. W. Farren; Capt. Pacific, RN., Mr. Bartley ; Rivet, Mr. C. Mathews ; Mr. Euclid Bam, Mr. Harley ; Mrs. Coo, Mrs. Glover ; Mrs. Walker, Airs. Orger. After which the Ballet Divertissement of THE WOODEN LEG.—Principal Characters by Mr. Gilbert and Miss Ballin, Master and Miss Marshall, Messrs. J. and T. Ridgway, Miis Jackson, &c. Doors to to opened at half-past Six—the performances to commence at Seven. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First.and Second Circles, ss. ; Second Price, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, 35.; Second Price. 25.; Gallery, Is. Tickets and places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Grogan at the Box-office, from Ten till Pour, where Season Tickets may be had upon application. Private Boxes to be had so!ely of Mr. Andrews, bookseller, 167, New Bond-street. To-morrow, Norma, with Charles the Twelfth. POPULATION RETURNS. We have had so many inquiries for The Sun, containing an abstract of the Population Returns, that we shall republish the tables, with consider able additions, on Saturday next, the 25th inst. THE RAILWAY SUN IS NOW RE-PUBLISHING, PRICE SIXPENCE. TUE CHINA SUN, AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SUN, ARE STILL ON SALE, PRICE SIXPENCE EACH. Sun Office, Dec. 20, 1841. THE WEATHER.—NOON, DECEMBER 18. ROYAL GALLERY OF SCIENCE, ADELAIDE-STREET. Thermometer... 30 1 Highest 36 1 Lowest 22 Barometer 29.55.—Wind S.E.—Freezing Point 22 Deg. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning Il minutes after C I Evening-- 35 minutes after 6. (Mte LONDON: MONDAY, DECEMBER 20, 184 1. The hardy men of the North are too bold in conscious rectitude to allow themselves to be scared from the noble purpose they have taken in hand by the foul and big words of the Tory Journals. The Times may rave according to . its wont, without having the smallest influence on the stout hearts in the manufacturing districts that are resolved to stand up tor their rights. On Saturday it said : But though the Leeds Conventionists be harmless enough in the way of argument, they may do plenty of mischief in the way of inflammation. Their discourses are intended to be disseminated by a Radical press among multitudes of people, all of them more or less pinched by want, and all of them persuaded that their wages, whether high or low, are at all events lower than they ought to be. And, for the edification of such persons, Mr. T. Plint moved a resolution, that " this meeting regards the Corn and Provision -laws as equally unconstitutional, unjust, and injurious ; and as tending, if pertinaciously maintained, to destroy the attachment and allegiance of the people to the Government." It is absurd to say that such passages as this are merely the expressions of free opinion. They are direct incentives to rebellion. - And, that nothing may be wanting to render .the hint intelligible, Mr. T. Flint takes care to add a gloss of his own. " I do fear," says he, " that this will be the case • and if the Legislature should present itself in the odious light of upholding these laws fur-their own particUlar benefit, who can won der if the bond of allegiance be severed? I hope they will be wise in time. Then follows more such " perilous stuff," about curses loud and deep, and so on. It would not be safe to say, "If the Corn-laws be maintained, the people should rebel ;" but there is thought to be less of hazard in saying, "If the Corn-laws be maintained, we cannot wonder that the people should rebel." And these are the patriots who told us, ten years ago, that if we would but pass the Reform Bill, the people would be so justly and truly represented; that they could never more have occasion to complain of Parliament ! It is unfortunate for the reputation of the Times that it comes with its hints and threats about rebellion after the Morning Post. It is some weeks ago since the latter Journal undertook to denounce some of the opinions of the Liberal Press as seditious and treasonable; but it was, we believe, shamed from such unworthy tactics. The course which for the Post was unsuccessful and abandoned, the Times has now taken up, with this difference, that it directs its arrows against the suffering manufacturers, while the Post, with a brotherly love, contented itself with aiming at other Journals. The Times will suc ceed as little as the Post, and neither Mr. PLINT, nor any other manufacturer, will modify his lan guage the shadow of a shade from any fear of the Attorney-General. For our parts, we feel unfeigned pleasure at knowing that the manufacturers have the sense and spirit to adopt such language, and we should desire nothing better for their cause than that the landed arh tocracy should bring the great question at issue between it and the other classes to a decision, by some criminal proceedings against the manufac turers before the Judges of the land. Let us look, however, a little closely at the language said to be " incentives to rebellion." Is it not true that the present Provision-laws are "equally unconstitutional, unjust, and inj ur i ous ?" .. Is it not unconstitutional—nay, contrary to the very principles oil which political society is founded, on which any Government ventures to ask Or to. hope for the allegiance of the people— to tax one class to enrich another? The Govern ment is established to give equal protection to every individual and every class, and when it taxes and oppresses'One class it forfeits i's right to the allegiance of that class. Is not that the question which was practically decided by the success of the U n i ted States? The inju s ti ce of • the tax is equally clear and admitted. MIS not L or d S TANLEY said that it enhances rent, or puts money into the pockets of anything the lawmakers? Can a • gbe mo pe abomi nable s tha e n s that they should m a k e l aws to enrich ? Is it not th eir argument that their if t hey did not tax th e estate extent, s people' s bread 9 Can anything be more scand alous c than th a t the y s hould compel the community to pay tbr the cultivation of their efk ates? Bei n g - rest . of the thus any man injurious ? D o . doubt that the law i s Does injus different from • • unconstitutional and unjust, Can , Injury ? lice mean It does not, and to pers ist . in an unjust cours e of policy, because it is supposed to be beneficial, anything- Honesty is to actin the teeth of all exp er ience. is not only the best, it is the only policy; and a • law which is unjust, that is, forbidden by Na ture or GOD, is necessarily injurious. To state such truths is the business of all public writers and speakers, and it is absurd to describe them as incentives to rebellion. To describe the inevitable consequences of such iniquitous laws on the minds - of the people—they producing first,•suffering, then discontent, and, finally, but necessarily, destroying the attachment of the people to a Legislature which passes such laws — is also the duty of every man who wishes to col.- rect injustice, and promote the prosperity of mankind. To say that such language is " incen tives to rebellion," is to pronounce a severe con- demnation against the Government, which is thus set in direct opposition to truth andjustice. But the language of the Times is mere raving, for it can no more be incentives to rebellion to denounce the unjust laws which the aristocracy have passed to enrich themselves than to criticise the ordinances of MENU. It is, unfortunately, a lamentable fact, that the conduct of the Legislature, in reference to the Corn-law, which the Times formerly took the lead in denouncing, has taught the people to despise its authority. Shall that fact not be stated, even to warn the Legislature ? Shall the people go on blindly submitting to injus tice, because it is practised in the name of the law, till England be reduced to the condition of France under the tyranny of Louis PHILIPPE ? Those, in our estimation, are the best friends of the country, and the best friends of the aristo cracy, who warn them in time of the dreadful consequences of their present career, and endea vour to frighten them back, by a representation of the dangers which await their onward course, as was ably and honestly done by the Leeds meeting. From the company which the Tory Ministers keep, it is plain that they will not need to be spurred on by English journalists to try high handed measures with the people. They have begun that in Ireland. They are incited to go on by all the menials of the despotic Courts of the Continent by whom they are surrounded. There is scarcely one of these, from an Ambassador Ex traordinary to the lowest Vice-Consul, who does not continually reiterate that no such free discus sion is allowed abroad. These gentlemen do in deed continually use incentives to rebellion against the people, and against the duty which the Government owes the people. They con tinually remind our aristocracy that on the Con tinent there is the knout, or incarceration in for tresses, for those who use their tongues or pens, or there are laws against bringing the Govern ment into contempt, however much it may de serve to be brought into contempt ; and, according to them, it is a weakness and a disgrace tovur Go vernment that public writers and public speakers are at liberty to use their pens and tongues so freely. They manage such matters, it is said, better in France and Russia; and it will not go well for the aristocracy and the G overnment inEngland till the free expression of opinion be put down here as it is put down abroad. With such en couragement, and incited to rebel against the public andagainst justice by the Times and Post, it would not surprise us were we to find, amongst the measures which the Tories are con cocting to relieve the public distress, some plan for putting an end to the meetings of the manu facturers, and for enchaining the Press. From an erroneous analogy, the precept that self-pre servation is the first law of nature has been ex tended from animal life• to constituted Go vernments; and under the influence of this error—as the unjust laws passed by the aristocracy for their exclusive benefit cannot possibly be maintained if the press and the suf fering manufacturers be allowed to speak freely of them—we dread that the monopolist and starvation Government will endeavour to pre serve itself by striking a heavy blow at the liberties of the people. We can assure Mr. WARD that we had no per sonal motives for our observations last Tuesday, and no intention of making a personal attack on him. He is, however, a public man, answerable to the public for Lis conduct. His connection with the Weekly Chronicle is notorious and avowed, and we could not allow sentiments to pass which were obviously his—which the writer in the Weekly Chronicle does not repu diate for him, and which, in our opinion, struck at the very principles for which the free-trade and Anti-Corn-law party are contending—without alluding to the fatal in fluence which such sentiments might have on the welfare of Mr. WARD'S constituents. We did this in few - words ; declaring, however, that if those were Mr. WARD'S sentiments, the confi dence of the free-traders of Sheffield in him was misplaced. In reply to our remarks, instead of proving that Mr. Webs continues worthy to represent Sheffield, the Weekly chronicle pours out two thirds of a column of fretful, peevish vituperation of The Stu!, and of its proprietor. We have no inclination whatever to imitate the Weekly Chronicle, 'for come into collision with Mr. WARD, or any other individual, and no intention to indulge in personal remarks. As public Jour nalists, however, serving a great and a good cause, we have public duties to perform, and we can only regret when the performance of them obliges us to speak harsh and unpleasant truths. The Weekly Chronicle reproaches the pro prietor of The Sun with being, in his political opinions, " Everything by turns, and nothing long." Such an assertion is the effusion of mere spleen, for The Sun has steadfastly adhered to the Reform cause and the Liberal party, having never changed its opinion of any great measures. or principles, though it has been driven to change its opinion of men, since it came into the hands of the present proprietor. Un doubtedly The Sun has, at former times, sup ported Mr. WARD, and, if it cannot do so now, the change, it is presumed, is in Mr. WARD, and not in The Sun. The Sun has seen with regret two or three of Mr. WARD'S proceedings, but only noticed that part of them which ap peared to it to be a complete sacrifice of the principles for which Mr. WARD, as a Corn-law Repealer, professed to contend. We have reason to believe that the Hon. Member. for Sheffield's conduct has not given satisfaction to his constituents, and the Weekly Chronicl e would better serve his interest by reconciling him to them, than by making a fidgetty and somewhat contemptible attack on us. We are indebted to the Morning Post for abridgement of an excellent lecture on the war between Great Britain and China, delivered at a meeting of the Massachusetts Historical So ciety, by that eminent statesman and patriot JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, ex-President of the United States. As Mr. ADAMS had dis tinguished himself throughout the Ame rican Union by his bold and uniform de nunciation of slavery, domestic and foreign, and us on every occasion he seeks to base even his political views upo'n the code of morals contained in the New Testament, the religious world will naturally feel eager to learn his sentiments upon a dispute which attracts the attention of the whole civilized world. Well, Mr. ADAMS justifies the war on the part of England: He even does more, for he expresses astonishment that, after the provoeations which we received, war was not sooner resorted to by the British Government. He considers that all Christian States trading with China have a right to compel the Chinese Government to treat them upon a footing of perfect equality. It is curious to find JOHN QUINCY ADAMS express ing as his decided conviction an opinion which has over and over again been repeated in the leading columns of The Sun during the opium controversy—namely that war wasjus tified at the instant ofthe lamented Lord NAPIER'S expulsion from China. This opinion of oars was ridiculed and attacked at the time by several of our Contemporaries—it found no echo in the Cabinet; and yet now we have the ex-President of the United States bearing his testimony to its justice and sound policy. There is a dearth of political news in the French Journals. The Opposition papers only await the sentence of the Court of Peers upon DUPOTY, editor of the Journal du Peuple, to declare war to the knife against that tribunal. The Peers, on their part, are eager for a conflict with the Press, the liberties of which they are bent upon crushing at any and every risk. If the Court of Peers find M. DUPOTY guilty, it will have scattered to the winds the Charter of 1830. What revolu tionist will afterwards hesitate to follow the ex ample of the Peers: It will be recollected that the Company to which the Britannia steamer belongs, was sentenced to pay 700,000 francs to the Phenix Company, or to give up the . boat, which caused the accident. The boat was seized, and declared to be a French vessel (Francaise), and was on the point of resuming its service, whe:i in order to get rid of a competition . which would destroy its monopoly on the line between Havre an d L on d on , the English Company has thought fit to claim from the Phenix Company 50,000 francs, as an indemnity for the damage suffered by the Britannia in sinking the Phenix. Thus, if an incendiary, set ting fire to a house, should have his hand burnt, the owner. would be bound to pay for salve to cure the wound. —Commerce. l'he,Gernian Journal of Frankfort mentions that the States lof,Brunswick have, by a majority of 33 to 13, decided that tb.e Grand Duchy shall, from the Ist of nest month, join the German Customs Union, in virtue of the treaty of the 19th of October last. A letter from Posen, of the 2d inst., states that Count d'Arnim had set out for Warsaw suddenly on a mission of importance, which was supposed to relate to some in tended modifications of the restrictive Customs system on the Russian frontier. BOURSE—Penis, THURSDAY, DEC. 16. kirst Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Price, Price. French 5 per Cents ll4 10 ... 116 50 ... 116 0 ... 116 45 '4 per Cents lOO 85 ... DO 85 ... 100 85 ... 100 8.5 . 3 per Cent•. ex div 7B 20 . 78 90 ... :8 20 ... 78 25 Loan dank of France Light ° /sank: 1,0001. Shares 1031 25 ...1C36 25 —103.5 —lO4 5,000 f. Shares 1.060 ..,50€0 . .. L abe ...5055 teleisn Rank Belgian 5 per Cents., 1840 Ks ... 103 ... 10 3 ... Itz Nth' ii Lan Active 24% ... 14% ... 24% ... 24% Passive 5% ... 5% ... 5% ... 5% Neapolitzr, ex div. - 6J ... .1.5 60 Roman.... ....... ...........•-••••• 102 % ... 102% ... 102% ... 102% Portugueses per Cents. RAILWAY SHARER. St. Germain Rouen 455 ... 455 ... 955 ... 455 Orleans . Mulhausen to Thann 385 ... 285 ... 385 ... 385 itrasOurg to Bali „shares red 220 ... 225 ... 220 ... 223 75 : , We have received Madrid Journals of the 9th inst. The abuse of ESPARTERO by Mr. O'CoN NELL has excited the general indignation of the inhabitants of that capital. Mr. O'CONNELL has an old trick, of which it is, we fear, too late to cure him, of speaking a great deal of matters of which lie knows nothing. Mr. O'CONNELL un derstands the state of his own country better, perhaps, than any man in it, but he is out of his element when he attempts to dis cuss questions of foreign policy, upon which we always find him displaying profound ignorance. If the people of Madrid were only aware of Mr. O'CoNNELL's habitual blunders in this way, they would pay very little attention to what he says of the Regent. On the Madrid Bourse on the 9th Fives closed at 32} for cash, and 331 at sixty days. There was but little business doing. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Couneil sat on Saturday to hear Appeals. There were present :—Lord Wharncliffe, Lord Brougham, Mr. Justice Erskine, and Dr. Lushington. Lord Aberdeen arrived in town on Saturday from Windsor Castle. His Lordship presented the new Danish and Saxon Ministers to her Majesty yesterday, on their arrival in this coun try; and on Thursday presented the new Ame rican Minister, Mr, Everett. S UM AMY OF NEWS AND publtr Optnion. " Who runs may read." FOREIGN. Civil war continues to devastate Syria. The Chris tians and Druses are slaughtering each other without mercy. The Druses supplied by Nezibe Pacha, the Go vernor, with ammunition, have ravaged and burned the whole country surrounding Deir-el-Kamr. The Eng lish-Consul-General at Beyrout aftbrds the flying Chris tians all the protection in his power. The Druses want a Napier among them. The correspondent of the Chronicle, writing from Con stantinople on the 24th of November, thus alludes to the state of Syria :—" Syria, for the last eight months, has presented the most lamentable picture of local misrule, intrigue, mismanagement, and insubordination that was ever witnessed in that, or in any other portion of the Ottoman empire. French, English, Austrians, Russians, Egyptians, and even American missionaries have all been actively engaged, and all apparently acting upon diffe • rent views and systems, and moreover with different ob jects.- The result is, that Syria is in a worse condition than it ever was under Ibrahim Pacha, and the Porte has little left but to regret a restoration which, in its effects, is worse even than a privation. So much so indeed, that no one 'twist be Surprised if the Sultan were ere long to propose to restore the temporary pachalic to the son of Mehemet Ali. M. de Lurde is appointed Minister Plenipotentiary of France at Buenos Ayres. The Council of Commerce, Agriculture, and Industry was opened on Thursday by the Minister of CoMmeree. The principal questions to which he directed their at tention were the importation of cattle—the question of beet-root sugar—that of iron, and of a modification of the tariff in general connected with the projected treaty with Belgium. Extract of a letter from Berlin, datOd 6th inst. : • " The commission of Plenipotentiaries on the German Customs Union has already held two meetings, under the Presidency of the Minister of Foreign Affairs. Hitherto, as we learn, they have been exclusively en gaged upon the question of sugar duties. The repre sentative of Electoral Hesse has declared that his Go vernment will never encourage the manufacture of beet root sugar, but the majority of the Commissioners from the north and south of Germany are favourable to it. The accession of Austria is talked of, and the negotia tions with Hanover are going on well." Another correspondent writes on the Bth :—" It has been decided by the Commission on the Customs Union that, from the Ist of January next, the duty on lump sugars shall be raised to ten rix-dollars the quintal. India sugars will remain at five rix-dollars. The Envoys from Saxony and Electoraf Hesse have not yet been heard, but are waiting for further instruetions from their Governments. There; is no dotibt, however, that the resolutions will be adopted unanimously. Our Levant mail, with letter from Constantinople of the 27th, Alexandria of the 26th, and Smyrna of the 29th, has arrived. The 'fiveTurkish vessels prepared for sea, which so much disquiet the French press, are probably to winter in a harbour on the Albanian coast, and some of them at Vold. Zekeriah Pacha had re turned to Constantinople. PUBLIC OPINION. The Advertiser observes, in a leading article evidently penned under a strong apprehension that the doctrines of Puseyism will spread far and wide through the coun try—" Of all the tyrannies to which the human mind was ever subjected, there is none so degrading, or so much to be dreaded, as a religious tyranny. Tyranny begun with religion, never ends with religion. It is sure, sooner or later, to extend itself to man's civil and politi cal privileges also. Spiritual tyranny and civil liberty cannot Co-exist. They . must come into collision, and un fortunately, in the majority of past conflicts, the latter has been the vanquished combata n t. I n appealing, there fore, to our countrymen to enter the lists with the abo minable despotism to which the Puseyites are seeking to subject us, we appeal to them without reference to their views on religions questions. We appeal to them as the friends of freedom of conscience, as the advocates of liberty of thought and liberty of action, wherever that liberty is not incompatible with the rights and safety of society —we appeal to them as the supporters of the. British Constitution—as the pro tectors of those rights and immunities which our ances tors have transmitted to us, and which they purchased with their blood—we appeal on each and all of these grounds to the people of England, to arouse from their state of torpor, to open their eyes to the daring designs which a proud and pampered priesthood, under the name of Puseyites, have formed against freedom of conscience." —Our Contemporary is, we think, unnecessarily nervous respecting the dangers likely to accrue from Puseyism. That it is spreading, and will spread still further, is un deniable ; but we have no fear that it. nill ever seriously affect the head or heart of the community at large. It is at variance with the spirit of the age. It is two hun dred years behind-hand. The character of the times is one of progression ; that of Puseyism, of retrogression. " Go ahead," says the people, " Go back!" say the Trac tarians. Again, the tendency of the age is to encourage the simplest and homeliest forms of religion ; the obvi ous tendency of Puseyism is to crush real vital religion beneath a tawdry load of ceremonial observances, as Tullio, crushed her father beneath a weight of glittering armour. The Post, speaking of the gradual progress of the Tories during the last seven or eight years, says--" All that time public opinion has been flowing in their favour, and at last, upon flood tide, they were borne into office; and since their accession to office, though they have taken time to consider what ought to be done, and though they have not taken any pains to flatter the pre judices of any portion of the public, still they seem to stand as well as they did when they obtained the Govern. ment. Their opponents do not aPpear to have gathered any hope that the Conservatives are speedily to be ex pelled (unless we take into account the stray flourish of honest Lord Palmerston at i'ridgnorth), but on the con trary, they advertise the world that the ' Liberal' party must be restored before any such thing as a restoration of the Liberal' Ministry can be dreamt of. So far as public expectation goes, the Conservative Administra tion must be regarded as strong, and likely to last."--- We see no indication s at present that the Tory Admi nistration, as now constituted, i s lik e ly to last. Most certainly it will not last, unless on the approaching Ses sion they announce an entirely new system of policy. But this cannot be done, so long as such obnoxious men as the Duke of Buckingham, Lord Stanley, and that bright brace of Baronets, Sir James Graham and Sir E. Knatchbull, have an influential voice in the Tory Coun cils. These men, who are the Jonahs of the State vessel, must be thrown overboard, or the ship will as suredly founder. Alluding to a sig n ifi cant lead i ng ar ti c l e th a t a p peare d in the Times of F r id ay, respect i ng the insufferable ravenousness of th e T ory suba l terns , t h e Ch ron i c l e makes the following remarks :—" Certain untoward cir cumstancesin the p os i t i on of his party seem t o prey upon the mind of the writer in the Times. Success has brought anything but satisfaction. To abuse the Whigs is some relief ; although the ceaseless resort to so poor a consolation indicates that the gl or y o f conquest "gins rto pale his uneffectual fire.' And even in abusing the Whigs, it happens, as we have lately shown, that the fes tering at the heart becomes obvious, in the unconscious use of phrases deseriptive of Tory vexation, disappoint ment, and apprehension. How forlorn was the confession on Tuesday last, that you will never want a strong party' (the very phrase by which Toryism has delighted to describe itself) when 'you offer an unlimited license of spoliation.' And how yet more forlorn the ejaculation, but what is your strong party, when thus collected to do?" This, we have no doubt, is the very question that Sir Robert Peel is constantly asking himself, and which neither he nor any one of his cads can answer. They have collected their party; they call it a strong one ; yet despite its s t reng th, w h a t are th ey to d o with it? Will the Premier muster it under the banner of the Corn-laws? Will he head it against Free Trade ; sound drum and trumpet, and bid it rally to the charge against the anti monopolists ? He dare not—for his life he dare not ! Whet then will he do with his " strong party ?" Nothing decisive ; but just ground his arms, and coolly wait to see what turn events will take. In the absence of some fresher and more attractive theme of abuse, the Hen& falls foul of Mr. O'Connell, as will be seen by the following passage :—" We never entertained a doubt that if there was one man in the United ICingdorn who perverted his talents to the worst of purposes —his influence to the. most mischievous of applications—his position to objects having the least legitimate degree of relation to it—that person was no other than Daniel O'Connell. That he had been, from first to last, a mere adventurer--unrestrained by any scruples of real regard for his country, but actuated by any and every impulse the impression of which coin cided with his instinctive selfishness—that as a partisan he was as unsteady as he was vehement—as faith less as he was unsteady—and as rash as he was faithless ; we, of course, were satisfied who had nar rowly watched his public career for the last thirty years. Besides all his politico-pantomimical changes (as gro tesque.,, abrupt, and unblushing as those of his motley prototype on the stage'), we detected in the various actor the same individual ; in the mutable demagogue, the immutable Daniel O'Connell." —And it is precisely because he is the "immutable Daniel O'Connell" that he maintains his strong hold on the affections of his countrymen, and extorts the respect of a vast body of the English Reformers. His immutability is his title to general. consideration. Were he otherwise—were he to rat like a Graham, or vacillate like a Peel—he would soon become a mere nullity. The great champion of Catholic Emancipation need desire to have no better epi taph inscribed on his tombstone than this—Here lies the immutable Daniel O'Connell ! We take the following from the Times :—" The plaint uttered at Derby by the midland millowners has made itself heard among their northern brethren at Leeds and at Manchester ; and they have re-echoed the cry with a shrillness which strikes very sharply on the ear, however little it may move the understanding. The only one of their allegations, whether in the way of fact or of argument, which has any sort of truth in it, is that a great deal of distress is existing in the manufacturing districts. We are quite sure that there is no class of men whose sympathy is more awake to the sufferings of their poorer fellow-subjects than those who are held up to obloquy as the causes of this distress—the Conserva tive gentlemen of England."—lf the Tories really have this sympathy for the poorer classes of society, they have a queer way of showing it, by refusing them the advantages of cheap bread, and keeping up those mono polies under which they are ground down to th e very dust. But you r t rue Tory is a cross-grained animal— so much so, as to make his very sympathies wear all the aspect of antipathies. I - COMMERCIAL REFORM. On Thursday the important meeting on the state of the cotton trade, and its distress, was held .at Manches ter, when a numerous body of deputies attended from the various towns comprised within the great cotton district, of which Manchester is the centre, and made invaluable and authentic statements upon the condition of the trade, and population, and wages—the extent of pau perism, and the effects of the food monopoly. At a meeting of the Bishopsgate Anti-Corn -law Asso ciation, held on Tuesday, Colonel Thompson's opinion was reiterated by the lecturer, " That the time was come for demanding compensation from the landlords, for twentyfive years of unjust spoliation of the people ;" and in conclusion, it was resolved that the Colonel should be invited to address the Association on the 22d instant. Mr. Sidney Smith delivered a lecture on the Corn-laws on Friday, at Twickenham. MONEY—TRADE—COIVXMEXCE. By a letter from one of the largest iron -masters in Wales, it would appear that they consid er th e worst period of depression past, and tha; from the orders on hand an improvement in the iron trade may be confi dently anticipated. PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS, The anti-coercion system in lunatic asylums is in every way found to be the most advisable. This plan (said Mr. P. Laurie, at the meeting of Middlesex Magistrates) was first adopted by M. Pinel, in France, and the benefi cial results attendant on his kind treatment caused it to be introduced into this country. Fifty years ago lunatics were treated as criminals of the worst character: instead, however, of being prisons now, they are hospitals of cure and asylums of benevolence. te,t # . •• ,10, • - . •-• ca ' • 1.1 0 r 7t- • - %:•• ELECTIONEERING. At the Meeeting of the Members of the." Borough of Marylebone Reform and Registration Society" onthurs , day, it was unanimously resolved that' the Msoeialion should indemnify the Committee .against tholability,of its debt of 2001., and the Society was ordetedt ear- tied on. Notwithstanding the taunts of' ttlF,Atiprints upon the distressed s t a t e o f th e S oc i ety , it .lisinspArbi dur ing the evening that the position of 44"t3d1Vievative rival in Wigmore•str ee t, was j ust doubly. tkpliKble. NAVAL AND MILITAIeIr. The Owen Glendower frigate is about to be„fittedOut at the Chatham dockyard as.a convict ship, for. Gibraltar, where 300 convicts are to be employed in 'repairing , the fortifications. LAW AND POLICE. A Commission of Lunacy was held on Friday at Hornsey Wood Tavern, to inquire into the state of mind. of Mr. Charles Carter, in possession of property in the Isle of St. Vincent, and now confined in Northumber land House Asylum, Stoke Newington. The Jury found that he was of unsound mind sinc3 April, 1829. Robert Woods, Isaac Jaques, and Th omas M o l yneux, have been f ou nd guilty of the wilful murder of Mr. Grayson, of St. Helens, and committed for trial at the next assizes. On Friday John Graham, a respectable carpenter, was charged at Greenwich Police-office with wilfully breaking a street gas-lamp, in order to pass his Christmas in prison. He had come from Canterbury, and had had nothing to eat for twenty-six hours. The Magistrate remarked on the wickedness of destroying property which had nothing to do with his sufferings, and com mitted him to seven days' imprisonment and hard labour. A gentleman of fortune, named Wyllie, who has been already brought up three times for assaulting strangers in the streets, appeared on Friday again at Marlbo _rough-street, charged with assailing with a stick Mr. Bull, landlord of a public-house, in Tothill fields. The prisoner began by mimicking some habitual motions of Mr. Bull, and when spoken to, struck him severely. The Magistrate urged that as the repetitions of the offence were becoming serious, appeal should be made to the sessions, and the defendant was ordered to find two sureties for his appearance. The three men, Steptoe, Sharman, and Griffin, c h arge d with robbing Ward's Chippi ng Norton waggon, were finally examined at Guildhall on Friday, and fully com mitted. STATISTICS. For the last thirty years the ratio of suicides has never varied, as regards the population of Westminster. They are as one to 8,000 of the population, and are generally three males to one female. THEATRICAL. A new theatre has just been opened at Dresden ; and another splendid one at Breslau, in Silesia. The widow of tie late John Emery, the actor, a short time since, received intelligence of the loss of one of her sons, William Emery, a fine young man, residing at New Zealand, who was drowned in a storm at sea. ECCLESIASTICAL. The Puseyite Rector of Leadenhttm, in the diocese of Lincoln, has introduced into his church a moveable cross, an altar with candlesticks and burning tapers. He ad ministered the Eucharist early in the morning by taper 'light, and adorned the back of his surplice with a cross, and also the prayer-books. On the roof of the building the Litany w•as painted in Latin. The Bishop has or, dered all those things to be removed. X.ITEIZAiiIt AND SCIENTIFIC. Dr. Southwood Smith pronounced a fine eulogiuni upon the late lamented Dr. Birkbeck in the - course of a lecture delivered by him at the - Metropolitan Literary Institution on Thursday. "He to whom the truth was, revealed clear as a sunbeam," said the speaker, '• opened to the working classes the great book of nature, taught them how to read it, and enabled them so to understand it as visibly to soften, refine, and eleiate their hearts-by the contemplation of the beauty, purity, grandeur, and beneficence displayed in its pages." At the meeting of the Botanical Society of London, held on Friday, several specimens of undescribed British' plants were presented, viz., " Lindria Bauhini," disco vered by Mr. - W. near Penryn, Cornwall, in 1830 ; again found at Shirley, near Southampton, in 1840: also by the Rev. Mr. Hinks, in the county of Cork, last summer. Also " Lolium multifiorum," discovered by Mr. W. in a pea-ibld at Claygate, Surrey, in August, 1840. couirr—r.a.s}noiraimm. The Marquis and Marchioness of Normanby have given up their projected continektal tour for this year. Lord and Lady Hamilton Chichester left Farrance's Hotel, Belgrave-street, on Friday, for' Malta. Lord Granville Somerset left town on .Monday fortis verpool, where the Noble Lord intended to embark' on Thursday for Ireland. The Earl and Countess of Beverley leave Portman square on Friday next for Lord Redesdale's seat in Glou cestershire. Lord and Lady R. Grosvenor left Park -street on Thursday, for Eaton Hall, Cheshire. The Earl and Countess of Carnarvon has arrived at Highclere, near NeWbury, from Somersetshire. • Yesterda w 31ZISCSIAIAVEOLTS. y as theanniversal of e d of ' hair, Superior of the Abbey of y Innisf th allen, eath the ru O ins Hin- of which are still to be seen in the isle, situated in the midst of the Lake of Killarney: It was fonnded by a . King of Munster in the sixth century, and is celebrated by Spencer in one of his stanzas. ." A Tory dinner was given at Kingsbridge on Wednes• day to Lord Cou: teney and Sir J. B. Y. Bullhr; at which there was abundance of choice eating and drinking, and a still gr ea t er amount of indifferent speaking. Many good things went into the mouths of the orators, but very few carne out of them. ----- KING ERNEST'S HATRED OF SONGS.—Ad vices from Hanover state that a seizure of a collection of political songs, termed ." Songs of a Cosmopolite," has Just been made in the capital by order of Government.— Galignnni. I MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. (From The Sun of Saturday Evening.) LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, DEC. 17.—There has been a dull market for Cotton throughout the week, and holders have continued to supply the demand freely, the tendency has been in the buyers favour, but we cannot quote prices lower than the extreme decline no ticed in our last. A limited business has been done •in Bra Ails, but prices have been stt\tionary. For Egyptians the demand has been rather better, at our last quotations. Surats are without change. 2,500 American have been taken on speculation, and 550 American and 50 Surats for expor tation. 1,200 white and 500 stained Sea Islands are announced for auction on Friday next. The prices de clared by the Committee for fair American to-day are— Bowed, 54d. ; Mobile, 58d. ; and Orleans, 6d. LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, DEC. 17.—The trans actions at the Stock Exchange this day comprise —Lon don and Birmingham New Thirds, 26 ; Manchester and Leeds Quarter Shares, 38; Ditto, Half, 264 ; North Midland Thirds, 16+ ; North Union, 75i ; Union Bank, 104. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, DEC. 17. Our Market exhibits more firmness than yesterday's.—Tl, following sales have been effected :—Lancaster and Pres. ton, 274 ; London and S ou th W estern, 57 ; Manchester and Birmingham, 28+ ; Manchester and Leeds, Quarter Shares, 31. 16s. ; Union Bank, 61 I Is. Up to the present time not a bargain has been done in the English Stock Exchange. Consuls are 89* f for the Account. Exchequer Bills, 10 12 prem. Spanish Active Stock is rather flat at 23i i. There has been but little business doing in the Stock Exchange. Consols have been alternately buyers and sellers at 89+ for the Account, and for Money they have been 90*, Three per Cents. Reduced are 898 ; Three and-a-Half ditto, 99*. Bank Stock is quoted at 1651166; Exchequer Bills, 10 12 prem. There have been but four bargains done in the Foreign Market,. Spanish Active Stock is now quoted 23+ ; Deferred, I ; Portuguese Three per Cents., 19* ; Dutch Five per Cents., 998 There has been a fair business doing again to. day in the Share Market, and in some of the lines a further advance has taken place. London and Brighton are 38,1 ; Great Western, 84 ; Ditto Fifths, 9i* ; London and Birmingham, 1631 164 Ditto Thirds, 261 27 ; Manchester and Birmingham, 281 29 • York and North Midland, 90-; Ditto N ew Shares, 31+,21-. In the absence of any late arrivals, the probable re vival of, trade next spring, or early' in January, is anxiously discussed by those interested. On the whole the prospect is considered rather ' favourable, though from the experience of the.- past no very san guine anticipations ought to be indulged in. A good deal, we imagine, must necessarily depend upon the course the American President will adopt, and upon the tidings we receive from China. Consols, 89* 4.; Colombian, 208 ; Mexican, 26+ 2 ; Spanish, 231. _ _ ", CLOSING PRICES. . BRITISH FUNDS. Bank Stock 166 , India Stock .............. 3 per Cent Red. B9k Ditto Bonds —pm 3 per Cent Cons 9O/ Ditto Old Annuities ... 3/ per Cent Red.. .. .. . New 3i per Cent —l Ex. Bills, 1,000/....2id 10 pin New 5 per Cent — Ditto 5001.... lO pis Long Annuities toexpire Ditto Small. 11 pm Jan 11860 .. 12/ Bank Stock for Acct... Oct 1859 — llntlia Stock for Acct.... -- Jan. 1860. Consols for Acct B9/ FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per cent... ' Portuguese, 5 per cent. -- Belgian, 5 per cent — Ditt o , New Ditto Brazilian 80nd5.......... 631 Prussian, 5 per cent. Buenos Ayres, 6 per cea , Russian, 5 per, cent — Chilian 6 per cent..... 72 'Ditt o , M e t a llid — Colombian, 6 per cent : ;Spanish, 5 per cent 231 Ditto, 1824............... Ditto Deferred . . 11ii Danish, 3 per cent - - French, 5 per cent. —f. —c. Greek, 1825, 5 per cent Exchange —f. —e. Mexican, 5 per cent.... French, 3 per cent —f. —c Ditto, 6 per cent, 1625 Dutch, 2/ per cent. Peruvian,lB2s, 6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent. SHARES. Birmingham and Gloucester Railucav (100 p) 65 Bristol and Exeter (60 paid) ... ..... . ... .. 28 Great Western Railway( 65 paid) Ditto New Shares (50 paid) Ditto Fifth (4 paid) • London and Brighton (50 paid) 3B London and Blackwall Railway (25 paid)... 11 Ditto New Shares ( paid) London and Birmingham (90) ......... ... Ditto Quarter Shares ( S paid) 23/ . Ditto New Shares ( 2 paid. 27 London and Greenwich Railway (20 pd) 6/ Ditto Scrip. (6/ paid) London and South We s t ern Manchester and Birmingham (40 paid) ... .. 29 Midland Counties Railway (100 paid) Ditto Quarter Shares (15 paid) 2li North Midland Railway (IOU) a . 74 Ditto New Shares (40 paid) • South Eastern and Dover (43 paid) 2O/ Ditto New Shares ( paid) York and North Midland Railway (50 paid) 90 FOREIGN MAILS. ST. PETERSBURG, DEC. 4.—The St. Petersburg Com mercial Jourual contains an article written by Mr. Harter, Consul at Warsaw; in which it is shown that those Eu ropean States; which desire to maintain and to improve theirmanufacturing industry, have no interest in wishing for the reduction or the abolition of the duty on corn in England. ROM TUE MAINE, DECEMBER s.—lt is but too certain that the atf+ir of the fortresses in Upp er. Germany has coM"',to a pause. . In order to find out how we are to build ,according to the most in genious theories the b es t p oss ible fortresseS, the execu tion will be delayed till the French come over the Rhine to give us another lesson, and teach us what we ought to have done. Meantime, the fortifications of Paris proceed rapidly, and we have only to wait till the iron railway from Strasburg to Paris is finished to go in a feW 'hours to Paris, and see how such works are rapidly executed. HANOVER, DEC. 10.—The Privr'Cabinet Counsellor Von Lutckeu, was attacked on Wjdnesday evenineby an unknown person, and severely wounded orr the head by a blow with a stone. Mr. Lutcken, though wounded, ran after the man, and called after his assailant, who was stopped by a servant of Count llarderiburg, but contrived to escape, and has not yet been taken. Mr. Laitcken was conveyed to the Royal Palace, and immediately at tended by two surgeons. His wound, it seems, is not dangerous. _ BRUSSELS, DEC. 16.—T0-day being the King's birth day, was celebrated in the usual m anner , by t h e dis playing of the national colours on the public buildings. BRUSSELS, DEC. 17.—Sir George Seymour, the Eng lish Minister at this Court, had a private audience of their Majesties on the 15th, to deliver the letters an nouncing the birth of the Prince of Wales. Their Ma jesties will set out on the 18th for Mons, to be present at the ceremony of opening the iron railway to the fron tiers of France, which is to take place on Monday, 20th. THE HAGUE, DEC. 17.—His Highness the reigning Duke of Saxe Meiningen and her Highness the Duchess Ida of Saxe Weimar and suite, arrived at Cologne on the 15th, in the evening, on their return from London. ST. PETERSBURGH, DEC. 6.—The Nerva being almost wholly free from ice, Isaac's bridge was again laid down yesterday (Sunday), but flakes of ice again coming down, the bridge was taken up at a late hour in the evening. DUTCH FUN DS.—Awirriatoam,D o s u c e . 3. l7. ti mil Actual 11:At, 2)4 per Cent Jitto, ditto 5 per cent. Amoi t Syndic,•434 per cent £o34 111 Ditto, ditto, 334 per cent 75% 76t h Commercial Company, 4' per cent 154% 15514 Ditto (1835 and 1837) 5 per cent. Loan 1837, 5 per cent. 97 % 9;34 Exchange on London, One month l'3 10 Two months Hamburgh, One month 35 el Two months 35 50 Dutch Papers, Dec. 18. BELGIAN I. UNDS-13ausend, DEC. 17. Actual Debt, 2% per Cent. Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent lOl% Loan ef Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent. 92 -----. 3per Cent. -., - -- ir % ------- (1340) iol h Loan of City, N 32, 4 per Cent ......... Soeie ty of COMM. me, .15-;, per Cent — Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent ............. :44 National Society. Ekchange on London (short) — --Brussels Papers, Dec. 17. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, Die. 9. Firdperectits.Metelliques Fonr per Cents. 99% Three 14 r Cents. Bank Mmes.... .. . •••••••••••••••• ................... Oa 111 l6lO ..Allgerrieine Zeitung. Dec. 13. HAMBURG BORSENHALLE, DEC. 11 _ _ Bills. Money Austrian 5 per Cents. Bank Shares 1625 1025 Anglo.ltussi•an Loan 1(8 int+ Russian s , per Cent.lst series, Curtificate Inscriptinn,'lst Series . lOl% —. Russian 5, per Cent. Hope and Co. 3d and 4th SerieS 98% Ditto in Certi fi cates New 4 per Cent. (1840) 86% 86% batch Actual Debt, 2% per Cent 50% 50% 'DM° ' • 5 per Cent Polish Bonds New ficket nil% 'Analo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent................... 77% 77 Nmivegiari lAan, 1834, 4 per Cent.... ll ' -'% 102% Spanish, New 5 per Cents IS ~ i 18 EXCHANGES ON LONDON. HAMBURG, Dec. 17.-13 7.—Two months, 13 5I(. RIGA, DEC. 29. —Three M on th s, 3 8 % . Elitism's, Dec, 11.— Three maths. 8. 19 )2. CORONER'S INQuEst.-Late on Saturday night an inquest was held at the King's Arms Tavern, Holborn hill, before Mr. Payne, the City Coroner, on v:.•, , v of the body of Mr. Ezra Hodgkins, aged 59, formerly an opu lent innkeeper and coach-master, who committed suicide . under circumstances of a most afflicting nature. Thomas Showle, porter to Mr: Parker, proprietor of the King's Arms, proved discovering the deceased about 11 o'clock on Friday morning suspended by a rope to a horse rack in one of the stables in the yard of the inn ; he imme diately cut him down. Mr. Parker, the proprietor of the inn, said he had known the deceased a great number of years ; he was formerly an innkeeper and coachmaster in wealthy circumstances, but of late years had been so far reduced as to be compelled to drive coaches and do whatever jobs he could obtain. The change in his cir cumstances was mainly attributable to the long coaches being taken off the roads in consequence of the railways ; he was a sober, respectable rr an. Mr. George Butcher, of the Bell, Holborn-hill, said he had known the deceased for a length of time ; saw him last on Friday morn i ng, he had been so unfortunate as not to b e c w a i b le , a bu h t e thatdt witness that he had got a badge t o d r i ve a able to take home daily sufficient money to his employer, who in consequence dismissed him ; he was very dejected at the time and wept bitterly. The Jury after com menting upon the melancholy nature of the case, re burned a verdict ,of " Temporary mental derangement." The Agrain Gazette states from Bahia that a Russian ship of war. had passed by that place on her way to Silistria, to take soundings and observations for a created the Viscou n t chart T o he f ticheinngloouft h s o the vr f e de n h an a ue s b Beaumont a Knight of t h e P olar Star, for his 1 work Vassyedois depuis Charles XII. work de ed Les MORNING SIN COURT CIRCULAR. An d WINDSOR, SUNDAY.—The Qu e en and o f Albert, her Royal Hi g h ness the' ;; Dtlclie sg e Kent, and the Royal Suite, attended D'l l d Service this morning in the private Chap!' the Castle. The Rev. Lord W. Russell official: e l ; assisted by the Hon. and Rev. E. S. I( ePP e At the conclusion of the Ser v ice, her Mai e " ,ty and the P r i nce , an d part o f t h e Royal Suite, re ceived the Holy Sacrament. Her Majesty an d P r i nce Alb ert en joyed, til n a usual walk in the forenoon, both yesterdaY to-day. at His Royal High ness P r i nce Albert abe t ~,,,4 Norfolk farm yesterday, attended by the T u . of Warwick, Si r Ed war d-B owate r. Colonel ~ buthnot, and Mr. George Edward :Aison. • Count Ravenslow, the Earl of Aberdeen , al tire Spanish Minist er took their departure fr°o the Castle yesterday. Sir James Clark ar r i ve d l as t night at the 6154 1. tie, and returned. to London this morning. 1 . 1 ,1 ,e Their Royal Highn esses t h e D 1 1" li t he - Duchess of Cambridge, Prince George a nd • Princess Augu s t a o f Cambridge, attended by Lady Augusta Somerset, arrived at theirrear, dente at Kew on Saturday, from honourinf; ' at Earl and Countess Delawarre with a Vi sit ' their seat, Buckhurst Park Sussex. n Sa' The Danish Minister arrived in town ?, lo r turday from a v i s it t o h er M a j es ty at Wu l— Castle. r ater , Captain Polhill an d M r . B. Di srae li had views with Lord Sta n l e y a t th e C o l on ial -offic e Saturday. „ g pied The Turkish Charge d'Affaires, acce lli r. - ter" by Mr. Salanae, her Majesty's Oriental 10 1 or , preter, had an interview with Sir Robert re e . pg , Saturday at his official residence in vow street. 01l W in dsor Saturday Earl of • Aberdeen arrived in tensor Saturday from a visit t o tier Majesty at i n Castle. Despatches were received yesterday at the e % lonial-office from the Governor of Van Di e° Land and of the Cape of Good Hope. o f h et The Lords of th e J u di c i a l C omm ittee to o Majesty's. Most Honourable Privy Counci l ' 58 Saturday in the Council Chamber. Royal Lord Campb e ll, on t h e part o f t h e i r 14°. -- Ro yal gave , judgment on an appeal from the , `,", -- re- Court of Jeitey . "Brottard. v. Dumaresq, • versing the Judgment appealed' against. a r t of Lord Brougham gav e jud gment , o n the r ,P„ - r t of their Lordships, on an a pp ea l f rom the "f s bid First Instance of Civil Jurisdiction in the, Batty of Trinidad, " Sir Ge orge Fitzgerald,loll,loeut v. Rundell and Bi gge , ' affirming the ju" of the Court below, with costs.. • f the The Quoen's Advocate, on the par t ° pr.' respondent, made an application to their lit ive ships to dismiss an appeal from the Pre n r t., r; Court, " Sir Robe r t Wil mot H or ton, "' bo w.'" C. F. Wilmot, E. N. Wil mot , an d J. 13° The Court granted the application. e2ll, The Queen's Advocat e th en o p en ed a rl A g e yoy from the Prerogative Court, " Deare v. and had not concl u d e d w h en the Court 1.05e* ROCHDACEN ,EW TORY, TRATES. e inW It appears that soon after the' resent MinistrY'r - es ,tor power, some consultations of the Rochdale 1 1 7 ' o ' air place, as to the best means of obtaining additiods lair trates of their own political opinions, and as to t he d th e persons to be recommended to the Chancellor " so on Duchy of Lancaster for that purpose; and it v ei l r tie s ; became apparent, that they were divided into two pa, er one composed of Mr. C. Royds, with one or two " 11 ,„. r etit , on of that gentle man; th e ot h er comprisino. the bulk of the To r y p ar ty, w i t h w h om (s; lnu : re l# scarcely need tell our readers) Mr. ROPI S .05 means a favourite. After some preliminary c li , s l l , ( 1 5 : 0113 and consultations, a meeting of the party was . '", c on' a list of names was pretty unanimously a greed LIP° ' i t. taining, if we are correctly informed, those of 1W : 1 ' :Al l% . wisle, Mr. D ear d en ( t h e L or d- o f the mi t uor i_ 7 f , pie James Fenton, and Mr. Roby. These flames sve r e to believe, for war d e d by t h e Chairman of the meet rgh be Sir s it u o lti r t t tel Peelto, who in i p n ro re p p e l r y' a d n e th si o r the Chancellor of the Duch f - 3 ), rom 0 . w on doubt, the recommendation of the meet' ll4 ' cau se receive due attention. Owing to sou le sotn, ° which we do not exactl un derstand. Sir y little delay took place in complying - .11 0 ) . " 5 31r. slot , Robert's request ; and, in the meantime, and his three or four friends, who bad been on i t he o of forwarded to the Chancellor ofthe ag el ' er Duchy „ al , • t names, wnich they had privately agreed iir h , t t reicltyth(altvethbreoYrlustweac; Chancellor Lord Granville Somerset, wh ° - yore' ~ probably heard of the list that hati been laid be , ith Robert Peel, and concluded that it was identical one forwarded forwarded to him by Mr. Royds, proccede.,L nO furti.,4; have, without delay, and with little or quiry, to make an appointment of MagistratOlufr°l The parties so appointed are we understand , A Ti l if y 1 a wisle (whose name, almost as ' a matter of colir,sT s i3 both lists) ; th e R ev . G eorge Cottoti,, ',J eurateao, the churches ; and a Mr. Butterworth,' better 6 s V Rochdale as Capt. Butterworth. 61 0 442 As soon as these appointments ,were mad 4 "T„h" the members of the COnservative party 'n -11( "T:for they excited the strongest feelings of choler Guardian. . NOTICE TO 'MARINERS. 10 .Her Majesty's ship Howe, in Malta 1 111 The black buoy on C4leN'lr.:M3c°(;:islBl4oall., off 111 .. 6 0. 5 0 31 1 e 1l end •of Corfu, -which bore S.W.. by 5., - •ser rej from the red one, has 'disiippeared; which 'l'" ° f - 0 .',. clear; as a guide:of cunSiderable'importande to vt 4 , i l e s t . he P lan" ing the shoal when passingtb the northvva r T:f Corfu' of Paxo, and steering for the south chanr; e :; %.dnairal• (Signed) FRANCIS MASON, .hat are happy to'hear , d the W old e -established firm of dect o o n r, g feY; B3ll . llt e dh - ° . C . r -- °1 ; b:-11111-11k: erg, Petersfield, will shortly resume burin " shire ANTIQUITIESIndependent. tc,._awhlnedecse.itseptnre, At ! ile' IN THE TEMPLE', f .--,1 pt ir end of ofvfcbotuthittie of f h hall the are K o ights considerable Tem p l a tern.s. ar g i o i L I j '; , Gothic arch, of the same style of architecture - ..0. c" t e ery T , em an p d le in Ch th u e rc a h p , a f r o tm rnl en s arches y d isfit.); in or both e(i lv i ( r h o rooms thick iareck coating are "whitewash. In th g h r o mned vaulted ceiling of great beauty , The but lire elegantly lastr an d se t sadl barous ' rooms ' some old walls Of immense thickness, " sea i .e, b mains of an • . , soMe elegantainteGO l'• arches espon n ' ° ' d ill t lie corr _, , ai le . the Milne- above' t s ; but they are now, alas' s"' d s tair darknesS, Choked with modern brick partitions an c ant' cases, and soiled with the damp dust of loa n Y - and,,,,,c ties.--Addiso ' • • /i s History of the Knights Tenzpg"-' I. OP MISLE misletoe is in great request, to- decorate the r °° l - r itf °' give license to romps and gallantry. The siog li % istg i the growth and form of the misletoe broug ht , z ,,,stiaolt. man centuries repute among the Druids, for the purpose of 'J tn aelr./ c a e n npi t h ri i e n s g oafftetrhwisarcls sort s t 0 propagate astid e t.) this eell a a p r r l s a o ° p n u p f t 1 n . n e P d l:ti b il f irlb eeet t gal; ; ' , :e° e l in-l' i n111:1 ti se.ebb: s . iler i er s ': superstition, and its use •has thence been . , c°ll t '• eetty.? so fr om d i ffi the e : .15 ' i :' tds i 11- o f ,h 1 rush statetheseed people when once it is fairly rooted. It was long ot te r ,i, to be impossible , v er, i thrush , which , ich feeds on • the berries. Lately, 101r-I,' nis°l has been, successfully 'propagated by causing the ,' r o, ca i. berries, w • Inch are very viscid, to adhere to the ' 4 her s ' t le such • •fi tut-trees as have b ncrenis . , i to ~,,r. f been most co q tea i l ,t))/ 1' growth. Upon the bark of these the seeds i ./. A A urinate and take root. ' 3LI °l 'l When Parliament assembles on the 0 4 II r the 5 d' February, it ' of the country. This week has added anothererabar ,!, list of great meetings to declare the advano of ni nou' rassment, if not of ruin, among all classes in th e e -vorb'' factoring districts. The whole West Riding 0. ' te jioto shire has just made such a declaration. Howeve r en ess ; sato if these reports• maybe in the detail, from the' r crnai the and the triteness 4 the subject, as well as j ttenl i°l- i gloomy character, they merit the profoundest a ~e t, o as emanating from such wide and important trending country. District after district, each cotilPre to Ol e , a • great counties, has avowed itself unable to coPe ' t op.° - burden that oppresses it. If the reader were ..... 00 0 „ blank map of the United Kingdom, an d i o colet.. o the ii' parts which have thus spoken in one tint—saY i o rti °ll. ' l appropriate hue of black—he would find a larg° Pd thal ' I , of the country clothed in the shade of trouble; l' tt il c aul''''; the most important and wealthy portion. , ~.)I,,L i slei I, ' prises the iron district of Western Scotland, 'Alt" v il leki l9 and other trading places ; the iron district of A 4,41 Liverpool and Manchester, and the districts e 11,100,1,1 to them in Lancashire and North Cheshirei drobtotf•A Riding of Yorkshire ; Derby Leicester, -Nlll'4ll and their surrounding districts. ' . nts J.Qll3' 1 The accou tat?i wide region are all alike ; they represent such a s ,:p. 1 things as, when it is permanent, is called the cle ct te , rep el nations—their retrograde condition. Nowthese, . _. j p . sentations cannot be neglected in the ensuigSessitoeu 00,1 theyare denied, proof must be brought agai nst ta e a d, i cumulated natte evidence in support of them. If they , ar gip " I i d, it becomes those whomake the admission to , are whether they pronounce _ ,__, an d a _. the evil be hopetes , • e 01 openly to resignthe todecline. and trill, empire to its ~ if 04 whether it ••is to be remedied. In the last ells'' , doe „, t pro ea will not accept the remedies offered, 04 n 3-- ',,,r ei "-- other d' reme les of their own. No.one will irctlf,-- think of prolonging paseive negleet.--S ectutor-,191,7,- ,r P ' • "il tto A vessel was seized a few daTs ago to 18 ' 1 of under circumstances which do creditto the-vigilance 0 t as the officers concerned in it. She had cleareArt..-„al•ti, coasting vessel, having at the time o'6 Ida "" 1 ,01 which b y the Customs' Acts she ought 'not'forlfave. %ft it"' • without giving bond for their due delivery in a dif• port. It was suspected that her destination was f io' whe ori . oiod, ferent from what her clearance indic ated, and the point of starting, Messrs. Forsyt h and Holmes, l he r ing waiters, boarded and seized her. On searching,illa she was found to be nearly full of mac hinery. ;in vessel has been condemned, and the machinery is pc) the Queen's stores ....Observer. Ar The three sons of General Raindre, of t he ' ,.., . tillery, have all served., ; in Jtfrica, and l ia%•e becPrn 6 Ysi ot tims to their duty. ' 'file eldest lost a lei at the' Sili,ds ~, Constantina; the second was killed beforerblidali, t0r•,..„.4,,,,i( the end of 1839, and the yonngest died lately in t! , ,Aig t, 1 , -,J pital of a disease caught in the last camp:lig". II ; iltr,li of them had attained more than their thirtieth yea X./4:1 each had reached the rank of Captain. MORNING SUN ~. ~~ THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1841.