The Sun. — London, England, 1841-10-18 00:00:00

MORNING- SUN CHARTISM AND ITS ADVOCATES TO TEE EDITOR OF THE St7..V. SIR—I awn an old advocate of Stiffrage— too old, alas, to be more than a silent, hot anxious, looker-on upon the efforts that have been made, during the late few years, to oht•tin for the working class the right, in cemmon with their frhow-countrymcn, to a vote io the election of the men who tax them, and enact renal !acs for their government. W.ll you rer mit me to offer a few remarks, through your excellent paper, upon the course which has been pursued by the leading advocates of the Charter I shall do SO in sin. cerity and candour, and if -I cannot speak of all their proceedings with approbation, I sympathise too much with them in the object they are striving for, to dwell with harshness upon the mistakes which they may have honestly fare() into. LA me premise that I approve of the Constitution comprised in the Chart,r; and I think it is a very wise improvement upon the old and vague agitation for " Parlirimentary Re;orm," which ended is the imperfect and inadequate measure, the Reform Act, to go for a written and well-defined Constitution, about which there can be neither mis• take nor fraudulent mystification. And now, Sir, for the inode of making the Charter the law of the 1 Ind. In a country where we are all more or !ens prone to follow ancient precedents, I would first endeavour to find a sanction for the principles of the Chaster "in the wisdom of our ancestors ;" and here I find a power ful argument for the minds of Enol.shenea, which has been almost entire)r overlooked by the advocates of the People's Chatter. It is a constitutional principle, laid down by some of our most eminent writers and law)ei-s, that taxation and representation are co-extensive. In fact, the theory of the British Constitution is this— that no freeman can be ta.red without his consent, ,_triven through hi': representative in Parliament. Now, the revenue of the State was, in ancient times, raised from the land, and the lend- f owners then exercised all the powers of legislarien ; but during the last century and a-half the laadowners have contrived to shift the burdens of the State to the shoulders of the whole community, by levying taxes, through the Excise and Customs, upon articles of Con sumption, such as beer, sugar, tea, coffee, tobacco, &c., which taxes full with the greatest weight, in proportion to their ahil.ty to pay them, upon the labouring class. As every man is now taxed, and as it may be easily proved that the poorer the man is the larger is the share of his income paid towards the expenses of the State, it follows, that, according to the acknoieledged principles of our Constitution, every man is entitled to a vote in the election of Members of Parliament. Looking, I say, to Tie peculiar character of the English people, who arc fond of precedent and e,tablished authority for guiding them in their public proceedings, I think this constitutional view of the Suffrage question is cal culated to have great weigit in tufluencing their minds in favour of the Charter ; and it has seemed to me to be an unfortunate oversight in .its advocates that they have not dwelt more stroweey upon these arguments. Another rnislake has, 1 think, been fallen itito by the le !dint!, Ctartists, in putting forward prominently their own views I.:ws shall, or shall not, bo p ',eked by a Leeis!ature eieeteil by universal euthage. Ne man ought to presume to say what will he the de osiors of such a Legislature, because no individual can possibly be able to dictate the policy of the representl tiara of the wild! people. Unfortunately, the plans put forth by some et the Char ist speakers have been ill judged and impracticable. For instance, one man proposes to put down machinery, and his views are put forth as a part of the designs of Cieartisin. But how can any individual know that a PAr:ianient, elected by universal suffrage, would pass laws to discourage the in:- provement or invention of machinery ? Ia Arne- e i e a and Switzerland, two republics where every man has a vote, machinery is carried to greater perfection than in any other foreign countries, and the laws protect and encourage machinery in those republican nations. Osher Chartist orators have fore- I told that the growth of large capital; in the hands of I individuals will be prevented under the Charter. Thin I do not believe ; and at least I maintain that no man can be empowered to till what the people's represents tves aid do. Tne experience of the whole history of the world is against any such proceedings. Every Go veinenent protects individual property, great or smul:. A large capitalist is at safe in Ituasia as in England or America. I would not vote for the Charter unless I conscientiously believed that capital wou d be as sacred under a Government elected by universal suffrage as at present. Aga . n, otLer Chart;st speakers have ad vocated a re v form of society, different from any thing that has existed since the world was created. Others hare put forth peculiar dextrin, s respecting private property in land, or bare advocated the Charter j for the purpose of carrying out their own I views respecting the current;. I think every rational friend to universal suffrage will per. ceive that this mode of agitating fur a Charter is I not only impolitic but indefensible in principle. F. 1 an individual to uneertske to ley down the law for toe whole people is a presumptuous usurpation of Cleir rights, and an invasion of that demf,cratie principto of government which he professes to advocate. Fern a careful observation of the Chartist mov. meet, lam I led to believe that much odium has been brought upon the good cause, by the erroneous conduct to which 1 am alluding. Men of property have been frightened ; I men of business have shrunk from these doctrines ; timid people have been driven to regard with favour our rapacious aristocracy, from an apprehension teat the Chartists would be worse legislators than even Peel and the Duke of Buckingham ; and the women, who exercise a vast influence in public matters, have caught a tenfold prejudice. Their fears have pictured the Chartists as a band of desperate characters, beet upon nothing but the plunder and op• , pressrun of the weak and defenceless. A very little reflection would convince the middle and I property classes of the erroneousness and injustice of , such opinions of their industrious fellow-countrymen. I , Who are the men that claim the suffrage? They are our mechanics, shove:en, ploughmen, porters, labourers, &c., the men, in fact, to whom we entrust the care of our property in a thousand ways, and who fulfil their several duties better than any other people in the world. And is it probable that to entrust them with a vote for representatives in the Legislature would all at once con vert this orderly, industrious, and honest community into a band of spoliators and oppressors? A moment's reflection would, I say, convince the middle and wealthy classra that the effect of j iving to the working class the rieht of suffeige would be to else ite them mai-ally and mentally, and mete a,e the self-respect is t,:e source or strength of ready etery ;at times quality. These would be the neceasary convictions arising from a calm view of the matter ; but when their fiars are excited by the rash and violent doctrines to which I hove alluded, their minds are rendered unfit for a ca/ni consideration if the subject. Ole great mistake in the tactics of the Chartists —the recourse to physical lorce.—llas been since atoned for by the party, and repudi ate d b y ovar y real o f any weight amo ngs t + t tern. I ne e d no t, t h ere f ore , a ll u d e to . it, except to remark that the increase of the army to the extent of 5,000 men, and the scheme of the rural police, grew o u t o f that unknoto atP mistake of the Chartist leaders. A not h er falseA, rerv t e l enust Acknow,- led in the recommend at i on of ze sacred rzonth ;' during which the working classes were to suspend their labours in order to secure the Charter. These, how ever, are pas . , errors, and I men l y allude to themin order to put the frieads of universal suffrage on their guard for the future. There is, however, a new plan at present in operation, to which I must refer at more l e ngth, because it bears practical!), upon the actual ag i ta tion for the Charter. I allud e t o the plan recom mended by some of the leviers t o p et d own (ve other agitation, especially that against the breatl-t Upon this subject I will trouble you with a s , .coad it t ,.. Let me. is conclusion, repeat ti e s" I bay , ven tured to offer, that the ad , o , Aide itae ei e . ace , lf e' se P e t ur t i h n g e Charter confine t hemselves to their to all teen a vo ice in the Goees .ement, 'hetet under daking to fbrekl the policy! token the peopic, I"arli a. meat will pu LPtate again su ggest t h at the best tirue• ground to take for eonatneing the nainds of the middle class and ell isadla their prejudices, is Chet of the aionent and ennstitureinal tight of every mar; ro tax hints, If for the puracses of revcove. Lee the Chartist lecturers and writers expose the evils of class legisi tion, as exhibited in our present unjust system of taxation, the enormous expenditure in places and pensions, the ne aafeat of the education of the poor, end in the eppres 'sive monopolies, maintained at the eitoente of the many, for the benefit of the few. These are the themes for popular lecturers ; tI:C 5C are the evils which Cobhatt, Cartwright, Hunt, and others used :o ring incessantly k the ear s pi the multitude, as arguments iin f avonr of Parliementary Reform. Brit let riot the advocates of the 'a;harter in future denounce machinery, oe se u _ ' threaten the • d of capital, or argue . in di fence ,t the oast! -tax, gho,k _unlcss they wou ld be touters to the t h e ..4.7:d use 1 and justify the s us pi c i on th a t they are eneentee of t lie people. 32.t Tor P r fl? , tta I ant Sir, your ob e di en t S er vaet, ` 1 ":o 1641, AN OLD RADICAL. ?J. " IR• iN I.;ATLIN__ AND A!R. .111.;CKINCHANI,— I f Y tread your very an nty:Alf, now res idi ng hi Londjn, hare America, wil t work on our ca.tive country, tore of m pee. nth+ r satisf act i on; inasmir:h as tii.., It:I -y pursuits has led Its to visit nearly all the p lace s and institutions you hare so vividly and so justly described in your g. s . In reafli,-; them. We have e en varried along by a ft;ling scarcely n less vivid a:l d lessb real thin it we', .1,14,,, . travellers with you, autl actively pas 3- iP,.., ,, over the 7,f:curs you have :;c4 graph - h.-ally desorKiel I think you 1-.5. , . e hrLught to the Parent Country, a very encouraging and just aCCOunt of her Transatlantic Child, and this at a time when peculiarly desir a bl e, to m general and come; infor.n a ti on i s remove mutual prejudices, and to promote a fair and friendly understam.lng between the two countries." Mr. Catlin is the distinguished author of ' 4 On the Manners and Custom s or the North A.incr:cna Indians," and gives the above v oluntary and powerful testimony 'w in a letter to Mr. Buckin g h am, of the value of his recent wort: B on America, the second edition of which is, we find, published this daY, and may be had either complete or in shilling parts, t h e latter a great desidera tum, as it enables all classes- to inr,Jr,u th emie l vtz c Jr . reedy of " The Great Esptzli4s," _MORAL TAM WORT H. (from the Examiner.) A miniature :..t!.ttle of thv Premier, a ful!-!ength not A span krig, was exe::ute. - 1 the other day, to the admira tion of the curious in small matters. This miniature statue wou'd ncvertheles be a gross exaggeration of the size of life, if the height of the great origina wire to be measured by some of the little doings imputed to him. We do not place credence in all that the world says even of S;r Robert Peel, nor do we rest implicit faith in the subjoiced statement, which is published as an extract from a letter from Mr. Acland," and re mains uncontradicted " There is in Tarnworth a grammar school, founded by Sir Itot , ert's father, for the gratuitous education of the children of the inhabitants, so long as a Peel shall represent the borough ; and I am credibly informed that the master (S.r.vage by name, and, as it should seem, servile by nature) informed the boys a few da3s since that he had received a letter from the Prime Minister, ordering him to discharge the children of all those who had signed the petition ? The way keing thus prepared, the relieving officer and his colleagues went, round to the parents of he children to • inquire' if they had signed that important document. And the public may believe that some disclaimers were the con requence." If there be any truth in this statement, some invalu able moral lessons have crowned the system of tuition adopted in the Tamwcrth Grammar School. The few lines, indeed, are full of them—they overflow with morality. First, there is an established temple of knowledge wherein electors may be legally bribed, by the gratui tous education of their children, to return a Peel mem ber, whatever may be his opinions or qualtfications— the school to be shut up the moment the borough ceases to be open to the descendants of its founder ; thus realiz;ng one of the evils (that of off•-ring a bribe ;n the shape of a reward cArtingent (rpm success) which it is said the Ballot would produce. Tile infamy to be horn of the ballot-box is bred already, it seems, is the Tarowoith Grammar School. Next there is the teacher communicating to his pu pils, en the authority of the Queen's Prime Minister himseif, the inatruc'ive a , tel affecting te4son, that their parents have been guilty of some dark offence, whereof ingratitude to the dispenser of gratuitous education is the very least ingredient ; yes, guilty of something too mysteriously criminal for lit t`e boys to understand, but demanding the visitation of the sins of the fathers upon the children, by instant dismissal and disgrace. Then cotres the edifying spectacle of the parents, when questioned by the scrutineers, disavowing their own reitions, and prochirning their genuine signatures to be forgeries ; perhaps, fastening their proper pothooks upon other people, in their eagerness to avoid suspicion, and tracing their own legitimate crosses t 3 a neighbour over the way. Sir Robert, when he boasts of the morality that abounds in Tainworth, does net do it justice ; he • should describe the agencies that are vainly employed to extin guish it. He would best show its triumph, by showing the workings of Toryism for its destruction. Recent events, sufficiently authentic,te.l, would aid Lim, with out the assistance of this moro apocryphal, though un• contradicted, story of the Grammar School. THE CENSUS MDCCCXLI. (From the Spectator.) The returns of the Census lately completed, we are informed, will show an increase of upwards of 80 per cent. on the population of 1831 in the great mai:Lilac turiog districts, and a decrease of 21- per cent. in the agricultural district=. The rate of increase on the whole nation is about l 2 per cent. The most rapid increase has taken place in Lancashire, Lanarkshire, and Forfarshire. These facts suggest two observations, which we address to the serious attention of all who have it in their power to influence the measures of Government or the Legisl nine. The first regards the bearing of the facts upon the Free Trade controversy. The rapid increase of population in the manutacturing and slight decrease in the agricul tural districts, have be ee mainly caused by the migration of labourers from the letter to the former. Cceteris paribus it will be found, that the ratio of children born in the country to the population there is at least as great as that of the children born in townr, and that the proportion of children who survive is not less. The population of the manufacturing districts has been increased by families flocking into them in search of employment and food ; the population of the agricultu rel districts has been elminished because numbers who could not find there the means of subsistence have gone to reek it in the manufacturing districts. The number of indivedua!s who can support themselves within the com pass of Great Britain by cultivating the sod bat parsed its maximum ; all future additions to the population must earn their support by manufacturing industry, or they must starve. But, owing to the restrictions im pcsed upon trade, narrowing our markets, the present tor manufacturing industry is :ate/Lily over-fillett ; there afe more people i.vl!ing to work to the manufae.. turing districts than can find sufficient employment and vka g es to provide them adequately with the necetisa-ies of life. There is only one way to relieve our already superabundant population, and pravide for inevitable increase—that is, to extend our markets by removing every restriction which prevents men from trading, to nny place where a profitable return is to be had. The produce of our soil can feed, clotle, and otherwise maintain, a certain number of human beings ; the feltries into which our native mister:al and other raw products, with those we import from abroad, can be worked up, will buy food and other means of mainte nance from other countries for a certain number more : the ficl I of agricultural employment is flied up and runnitsg over ; the only resource for the surplus is to leave the country, or to add to the numbers of those already employed in manufactures. The restrictions on commerce, which narrow the field of manufacturing in dustry, are neither more nor less than laws for keeping down the people to a limited number by s t arv i ng t h em . Our second remark relates to the bearing of the facts stated above on the question of Paliamentary Repre sentation. At present the Representatives returned by the influence of the landowners constitute the ma jerity of the Hquse of Commons. How long will this be tolerated, seeing that a process is going on by which the population of the manufacturing districts is rapidly incte ising and that of the agricultural districts graltenly diminishing ? The returns of three 'farmer censuses give tLe following comparative proportions of tauel cc, in centesimal parts— linge qed in Engagi'd in Engaged _ _ Agricidture. Trade, &c. othi::rw - iso. Total. 1511 1821 1531 The seeming addition to the proportion of families not engaed either in trade or agriculture, in 183 i, was owing to an improved mode of classification. On the two former occasions, labourers in the agricultural districts employed in mines, road-making. and the fisheries, had been classed as agriculturists, wherever they were accustomed to cultivate their own gardens or work its the fields during harvest; in tl'e manufacturing districts, all persons engaged in road-making, inland navi gation, car a:e.See., had been classed as engaged in menu facture.s. In 1831,the families ot all such individuals were mnsel to the third column. Now, from 1811 to 1831 there had beea a steady increase in the number of c" sons employed in transporting goods, making re ..-- the management of inland navigation in .ads, and turing districts; while the class es' ' . the rnatsufac half-labourers had gradualle ' ... half-manufacturers agricultural districts, I. .., oeen diminishing in the the factory-syst ..otn the greater development o f - fore, of th- ...an. The progressive decrease, there np,-- ..., number of families dependent for support agriculture, as. compared with the number de-, I henelent o n tr a d e and manufactures, must be if any thing underriveil in the table quoted above from the I Population Returns. It appears, tt ea, that the num ber of fans ltrs dependent for support upon trade and manulactuie , , had for twenty years previous to 1831 exceeded th at o f t h e f ami li es d epen d ent upon agricul ture; and s i nce 1 831 the populat i on of the manufac turing distric , s has inereace I thirty per cent while tl hdlimlh,eminjor,i,e.ulißtirel districts hascxperiened ' a posi tivethe agrieulturnise.'sma:e y a styled) , and uniform process, .becoming a smeller and smaller minority. T ignorant this case is not a mere in digent and majority 7, the minority does not embrace exclusively wealthy and inteliigent. The value of th e rn i r t e e capital litainl v o e ; :t t era n d e aienh u in n e t r r 3 y .' ; anducitl t h b e u i l l 6 d r i o n :: athned agricultural d ir e a a l is increasin g while the lattTeruusetermadse'neaatrllyeastot equal quite eskilled labourers of ; wh e . cral in intelli re ached its utmost 'lois.the manufactering districts are gence to the agricultural labourers . atre upp eri upuiut and, ,p, st h in the skilled artisans there will be found a class to i equal . to culturing can produce no parallel. The th e egri midele classes of the manufacturing interest are o f na tur a l abilities and acquirements v q ,n i i e n those of the agricultural interest, mere physical strength, it is a miztakethteo manufacturings thatuppoPsaertiuof the agriculturists as a class exci 1 the reanue icio • j labourers. Io every other respect c'a'ses are at least equal to the agricultural, and e l r aptitude of combined operation they surpass them as much as they do in numbers. Under these circum stances, it is not in the nature of things t: at the " !andel preponderancy" in time House of Commons should muc h ' lng er be tolerated. We mere!) , state facts : the application is left to be made by the parties interested. Where the wealth, numbers, and it telligence of a nation reside, there will the power be else. The transfer of power from a retro grading to a growing interest canna be averted either by declamation or logic. ,The evening before last, as several getioarmes were fi were try - mg to separate some men who g hting in w a street outside the Barriere de la Cuurtiile, they were resisted, not only by the combatants, but also by a crowd of people, who were witnessing the scene. During the scuffle that ensued, one of the gendarmes received a most dangerous wound in the thigh from a knife, and wa s obliged to be removed to aR hospital in a ma* Two of the tut:n who were creating the distuxb eme *-re esr€stcd. INCREASE IN THE ROYAL NAVY.' (r )74 .. )))) The dock-yars of Woolwich, Shevrocss, Chatham, Port:Ancuth, Plymouth, and Pembroke, pre.Tut quite a warlike appearance, as for the I.t.t three weeks the greatest activity prevails in gutting ready immediately for active service no less than twenty-five ships of war, of different classes, in consequence of the unsettled state of our relations with the United States of America and China. Great difficulty is experienced in obtaining able bodied seamen to man the vessels put in commission ; in consequence of which the Lords of the Admiralty issued yesterday the following Notice, which was posted up in the environs of the Tower, the St. Katherine, London, East and West India Docks, Greenwich and Woolwich, and extensively circulated at all the ports : " Landsmen of good character can be entered for the Royal Navy, provided they are not less than 5 feet 7 inches in height, nor exceeding 25 years of age. " The above must combine good physical power with muscular strength, and will have to undergo a strict medical examination. Preference will be given to water• men, or men accustomed to barges and other river craft.' DOLBORN BRIDGE VIADUCT. The model of Mr. John A. Galloway's plan of a viaduct from Hato -garden to the S sracan's Head, Skinner -street, exhibited on Thursday in the Court of Common Council, has been very much discus:el by the members of the C rporation, and the subject will undergo immediate consideration in the Court. He states sub stantially the object and plan, to the following effect : Tile numerous accidents which are daily occurring, occasioned by the steep and slippery ascents of Hol born-hill and Skinner -street, are too notorious to need more than a passing reference, nor can it be necessary to do more than mention the inconvenience sustained by the public in consequence, because the number of plans which have been suegested to obviate the diffi culties sufficiently attests that the public mind is alive to the subject. Almost all the plans hitherto suggested have, however. foiled, either because they have proposed schemes which would create an entirely new lice of street, or so fill up the old line, as to destroy the value of the houses and shops, and thus the trade would be diverted, and the preseat traffic, which cre tea business, taken away. Avoiding both these errors, and profiting by the failure of other schemes, the projector of the present plan has devised a viaduct, which he thinks will entirely obviate the objection urged against a new line of roa . i, and at. the same'time will enhance the value of the houses on the present toe by diminishing the traffic in the street, which brings no businesa, and will I tore the foot and such of the car riage passengers as may have business on Holborn. hiil, Farringdon or Skinner streets. It is intended that Halborn-hill, from Hatton-garden to the Saracen's Head, Skinner -street, shall be widened where re quired, so as to form a street of the uniform width of 80 feet. This will be effected by the rem-v of some of the projecting houses in the line. In the centre of this street will be built a viaduct 30 feet in width, and extending in a level line from Hatton garden to Skin ner-street. This ";:duct will be used only for horses and carria;es passing direct from Holborn-hill to the city, and from the city to the west end. On either side of the viaduct will remain the present streets, leaving room on either side for two carriages to pass each other, and an ample footpath. This plan will, therefore, preserve to the present lice of shops all the advantages that are derivable from a great thoroughfare, while it will relieve the inhabitants from the pressure and inconvenience of those carriages which now merely pass their doors without contributing to their trade. And in order to give a free circulation to the air, and to make the appearance of the viaduct light and elegant, it will be carried on light iron arche , and of a design so at at once to become an ornament to the City, while by its utility it will add to the transit of its traffic, and for ever put an end to those frightful ac cidents which are now of almost daily occurrence. It is proposed to seek from Parliament power to levy a very slight toll upon horses and carriages to effect so impor tant a work ; and from the calculations which have been made of the daily number of carriages and horses passing, all the c , •st of purchasing houses and affording compensation to their occupants, and of erecting the vi 'fillet, it is considered certain that a profit of at least 10 per cent. on the outlay will be realised. The neces sity of some improvement is so apparent, that it is confidently anticipated that if this plan be not immedi ately adopted, some other must be carried into tffeet, which will divert the trade from, and destroy the value of, the present line of houses. This plan, arwe said above, has given rise to a great deal of discussion. It is by some considered that so great would bo the saving in cattle by travelliog on a level line, inst.2ad of pulling up the steep Intl on either side of Farringd, , n.street, that the viaduct would be come at once the exclusive passage for a I vehicles, the pas,engers in which did not visit the city for the pur pose of shopping in that particular locality. This seems to be the general opinion, and it is believed that the trade of the busy neiehbourhood would not suffer by the great relief thus afforded to heavy vehicles ; but it is objected by se, eral that it would be inconvenient to build the viaduct in the middle of the street, in con sequence of the heavy appearance of an object which, of whatever materials composed and with whatever skill and t iste erected, must cast a gloom ever the shops, likely to interfere with business, which requires in this time of extensive competition, all the aid deriva de from show and parade. The most probable course will be, it is believed, the erection of a viaduct upon Mr. Galloway's principle, built close to the south side of Furriogdon-street, Holborn, and Skinner -street, so that hut a small number of houses may be sacrificed to an improvement which will be likely to be exceedingly ad vantageous. The most influential men in the Cor pora..ion are in favour of the latter mode of erecting the viaduct, as the traffic at present existing will not he in juriously affected by it. The subject will come on for discussion in all proba bility on the next Court-day. In the enc4ntime the in habitants in the locality are in a slate of excitement as to the ultimate decision. Some of the members of the Corporation are in favour of a small toll for inning over the viaduct, while others say the improvement is one for which, as great benefits are likely to arise to the city from its adoption, the Corporation ought to pay out of their own funds. [Whatever plan may be adopted, we trust universal opposition will be made to a toll in a gre it thorough fare like this. The Corporation of London is not re duced to such a degree of poverty as to be compelled to establish a nuisance of this kind in the heart ry the City. —ED. Sun] THE WOOLLEN TRADE. the crops spr result l a td b e; l probable ca a in r e P t d i n o t t o ol ? ; t The prospects o f th e woo ll en trade for the ensuilog winter are far fr om encourag i ng. of the • t e i ventured urharvest,eodw tiosh,gani beens: t i w n he v July, t l r e a e t s t i The o inion w r not, but what is the amount of the deficiency. Tiv. re - e of 1,900,000 qua: t ern o f foreign rrra;-, 2 7 had so slight an influence on p r i ces , i t conclutled that no great difference wit' De experienced betwixt the pric e o f fl our i n the • indt ed, some intelligent n- years 1841 and 1842 ; price during the enp•-• calculate on a higher Assuming the than the past agricultural year. we ~,. • truth of this opinion, it is obvious that ;.- v look for a continuance of ail those embarrass — 4 ; and painftl circumstances which have characterised the woollen trade, and in common with it, all the great staple trades of the nation during the last three years, and of whiJh the principal features are privations to the labourer and torturing anxiety to the capitalist. It is in vain to hope for any great change for the better, so long as food maintains its present price, or in other and more plain t'rms, whikt the supply of food is inadequate to the fuli and healthful sustentation of our teeming population. To look abroad fur an increase of demand as a means of relief, is to forget that we sui cidally cut off that source, by a practical refusal to ex change our produce for such as other nations base to give us. It may be, and indeed is said, that our com mercial system allows us freely to import the foreign raw material of manufactures, and therefore that we may look for relief in the larger exchange of our manufac tures ere long. To say nothing of the uncertainty as to the lime when this most desirable consummation is to be arrived at, we answer that the expectants omit the trifling circumstance that the power to import raw matetiul is principal y dependent on the ability of the mass of our people to consume artiel- , s of clothing ; and inasmuch as that ability is most seriously lessened by the absorption of tbeir e trnino in the purchase of food, we must continue to import on a comparatively small scale ; and that as a further consequence, the purchases from us by the nations producing the raw materials in ques tion, must be oltimttely measured by our purchases from them. We have dammed up the stream, and when its current et ases to flow, and the surface becomes calm and stagnant, we vittuly expect it to flow again whilst we pertinaciously and blindly refuse to remove the obstruction. _ _ --- appear most discouraging. To us the prospects of the " w re ho lo le ok tra fo d r e n o 9 f i t m he m e e m di p a i t r e e , Arcslag% andt restdr e r t a : b v l e e a change o s for i n t t e o t u t e s r s a.. 0 l u o n n i g u s e t s : 3 11e . tem of commercial policy is pursued. All the results of th a t polley plainly appear to us resAvlble into one—an inadequate supply of food. The process by which we arrive at this conclusion is simple. The Corn and Pro vision -laws, except in years of atatolute searmty, practi cally confi:.e the people of this country to the supply of tl:e home soils. The protective duties by which this object is s!!cured, force into cultivation infilior lands, . tu n t d e. i rais i e the p r i ce o f a ll the f oo d we p ro d uce to th e ley.l of that prud uce d f rom the worst l an d s un d er col ence, to say nothing of the lalse and unprofit able , directionand o w f l t ii h e ev c e e r p y ital and industry of the na tion, th e consumption of every article of clothing is of food, w ill suffer still fsuurctche,srsiversontrriasectioinn.theliperniccee too, a narrowing market for the libour of our operatives i s coincident, and in taut consequent, upon a high and rising price for food. PersittAuce in this system will aggravate its manifest and gigantic evils. Our soil does not enlarge, and agricultural improvements have failed, palpably failed, to force a supply co-equal with th growth of our own .populltion. practicaly rosuitt cur ropittlyiacremsib pop u h t .: you to t h e amps. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1841. reiveiy stationary produce of our soil, and whilst dein; th:e, vainly hope for relij on sn:ne and indofin'ta ground, such as is expressed in the wi , c c.tws "that when trade is at the wont it is sure to mcnd," and " that fluctuations in trade are natural and unavoidable." The truth is, that the manufacturing energies of the nation are paralyzed by restricting them to just such a measure of employment as is equal to the purchase of the agri cultural produce of the British Isles. That produce is inadequate to the employment and sustenance of our people, and the attempt to uphold the present system is neither more nor less than an attempt to keep down by star►ation the level of our population to the level of our supply of food. The nation only wants the para lysis on its energies removed by the abolition of all re strictions on imprt and export, again to rise to pros- perity and happiness : to expect the one without the other, appears to us most absurd and irrational.—Leeds Mercury. POLICE INTELLic,ENCE. M4NSION-110U.S.E. EXTENSIVE PLUNDER BY MEANS OF FORGED ORDERS.—Edward Beaman and Solomon Levin were brought before Alderman Pirie, charged under the fol lowing circumstances. Inspector l‘l'Lf an :t Ited, that having heard that a large quantity of calico had been obtained by means of a forged order, he set his men to work, and succeeded in discov,ring to whom a quantity of the goods had been sold. He then took Levin into custody, and was informed by the prisoner that he had had the goods from the prisoner Beaman, whom he expected to meet at a public-house in the evening. After some delay witness succ( eded in apprehending Beaman, in bed. It was cvidee, in his opinion, that the plan cf robbery was a deep one, and that several persous were con cerned in it. Mr. Thomas Hadgley, landing and delivering clerk at Miller's Wharf, Lower East Smithfield, stated that on Saturday afternoon, between four and five o'clock, a person presented an order for the delivery of goods belonging to Mr. George Saogster, of Queen-street, Cheapsicle. The order was for thr. e bales, and marked W G: 321 ; the second marked 0:D: & Co., No. 349 ; and the third marked G : G : & P., N:,.84. Those bales had come from Aberdeen, the order far which was signed. A horse and' tart, which were owned by a person known at the "'liar!, wore with the man who pre sented the order, the writing on which was like that of Wm. Russell, of the !MW of Sakester and Cu. The order was put into the hands of the warehouseman for 'oading, and the man who presented it was asked where the owner of the cart was, to which be replied, " Close at hand," and that haste must be made, as he was in a hurry. No suspicion whatever was ent , rt lined of . the man, who had been in the warehouse in the course of the morning, and, no doubt, had taken the numbers and letters on the bales. Mr. Hugh Russell stziod that the goods so marked ,Ind numbered were cunsigoed to their house from Scot land. He knew nothing of the order. _ _ Mr. S4ward, of the Commercial-road, linen-draper, stated that the prisoner Levin, whom he knew, had called upon him on Monday with two or three patterns of calic , •, and wished to know whether he would buy any. Levin asked sd. a yard fot the article, and wit ness finally arranged to give him 4d. a yard, and settled with him for thirty pieces, V 4 itness afterwards sold some of the goods at 4i,'. a yard. Levin mentioned that he bought the goods of Beaman, and witness wished for an invoice from the • party of whom the calicoes were purchased._ Lcvin, upon being asked whether he wished to say anything in that stage of the proceedings, said that he had nothing to conceal, and he hoped his sta'ement would clear him of all imputation. On the Sunday, while he was nut, Beaman called and left word for him to be At his (Beaman's) house, in S'. Thomas Apostle, on Monday morning ; on that morning they accordingly met, and Beaman asked him whether he could sel'. any calicoes ? He then took Beaman to the house of Mr. &►ward, and sold the goods at 4d., which, upon receiv ing from illr. Seward, he handed over to Beaman. That was all he knew of the transaction. Alderman PIRIE asked whether the money possed from the hands of Levin to those of Beam in 9—Mr. Saward said that such was certainly the fact. PIRIE (to Levin)—Then you know this Beaman ? Levin—Yvs, I know him. Alderman PIRIE asked Beaman whctber he wished to say anything?—Beaman declared that two men called upon him on Toezdal morning, and asked him to get a price for some calicoes for them. He thought all was right, and he therefore went to look after 111 r Levin, who accordingly disposed of the goods. AidermAn PlltlE—Pray what we e the names of these men ? Prisoners—Thut I don't know ; they were strangers to me. Alderen — tn Penis—How did they find you out, if they were strangers to you ? Beaman—l am sure I can't say ; they bad heard of me. I suppose ; one of them %, as a short man, in black. That's ail I know. Alderman FlRlE—There are more behind the scenes in this pertorMaoce. You can both get Counsel, if you please. I shall remand you tits Wednesday. Levin—l don't see that I have any occasion for Cmin sel ; mina is a straishtfortva-d case ; I piid over the money the instalt I got it. Beaman—Yes ; and I paid it over to the person who employed me when you pre it to me. The prisoners were remanded. Beaman is known at the Conapter as an adept at this sort of business. Two persons, named Mardell and Whitaker, were charged with having eomnrtt.'d an assstilt upon a yOling I tdy named Miss Al4K.suce, in a Camberwell omnibus, the one ba..ing 'Awed his hand upon her knee and shoulder, and the other endeavoured to prevent her giving an alarm to the conductor. Alderman PIRIE said there coal be no doubt of the bad intentions of the defend ants. Ladies must be pre• teeted from such ruffians in public vehicles ; he should order the def , ndants t) find good bail to answer the complaint at the Sessiont. BO W-STI?E.ET. John Odell Ratkbone, a letter-carrier in the employ of Vac General Post-office, was charged with stealing money from letters that bad come into his possession by virtue of such employment. Mr. Peacock, the Post-office. Salieitor, attended to conduct the prosecution. John Pleyel, an inspector of )Pater-eatriers, stated that the prisoner tele a lefter.carriet in the service of the Post-office, and *As employed to deliver letters in the Guldero , ervare district. Mr. M‘Gowan, of Great Windmille•tr,et, Ha)market, resides in that district. la consequence of that gentleman havng made a com plaint at the Pot t-office that several letters containing money, and which had been put into the Post-office di. rected to him, bad not.been delivered to him, witness made an arrangement by which he expected to detect the guilty party. On Monday last he received a sove reign from Mr. Blott, a clerk in the Post office, and which thet gentleman previously markt) I in the pre sence of witness. Witness afterwards enclosed that sovereign in a letter, which he directed to Mr. M'Gowan, Great Windmill-street. Oa the following morning that letter was placed among those which the prisoner had to deliver. Witness subsequently re ceived information that that letter had not been deli. vered to Mr. M'Gowan, and he consequently went in search of the prisoner, whom ho found near his (pri soner's) residence. Witness dt sired he would accom pany him to the Post-offiie immediately. He asked to be allowed to go home first, but witness refused tea per tett him. On arriving at the Post-office, witness told the prisoner that he was suspec - ed of having stolen' a sovereign from a Litt .r directed to Mr. M'Gowan, and that he must be searched, He said he had but one letter that morning for Mr. M'Gowan, and that he had duly delivered it. Toe prisoner was then searched by Pcake, an officer employed by the Post.office, who found in his trousers-pocket a sovereign, a half sove reign, and Bs. 6d. in silver. Witness immediately identified the sovereign as the one he had enclosed in the letter to Mr. M'Gowan. Prisorer, on being ques tioned respecting it, said that he had had that sovereign by him for a considerable time. Witness identified some pieces of paper, now produced, as forming a portion of the letter which he had sent to Mr. M'Gowan. Their as Blydon proved placing the letter in question amongthose which th e p r i so ner had to deliver. P eake, the constable, stated that having searched the prisoner as above-rnentioned,.he rece vett some informa tion which induced him to go to the King's Arms pub lie-house in Marylebotte-street, Piccadilly, that is also in the prisonel'a district. He searched the water. closet, and found among the soil several pieces of paper, which were afterwards identified as forming part of the letter th a t h a d b een sent to M r . M'Govrae. Mr. M'Go wan state d , that on F r id a y last he received a letter from Northampton, but none enclosing a sove reign, and in consequence he m Ida a communication to the authorities of the Past-office on the subjed, Mr. Blots, a clerk in the Post-office, identified the sovereign found on the prisoner as the one he had marked and given to the first witness. The prisoner, who declined saying anything in his (Ponce, was committed to Newgate for trial. .31ARLI30110 UG u-S TRE ET. Mr. Henry Crick, of No. 125, New Boni street, aN pesred before Mr. Hardwieke, to charge an elderly ptitleman with the following unexpected assault : While he was walking in Harewood-place, an hour andp revicoouusllyd, onlyh ewaacscsouudndet fornly a nd violently attacked by the defendant. H e d e f en d e d himself till the police came up. C om pl a i nant h. i d n ever seen him b?fore, that the defendant h a d mistaken him assa ulthiml or som e bsupposing that onee se, or that be was insane. The defendant, who p os itively refused to give any rime or address, sa id t h e com plainant well knew why be assaulted him. Mr. HAROWICK considered it would be advisable to fine the defendant 51. or a month's imprisonment, as the most likely means o f ma ki n g the friends of the de fendant acquainted with what had occurred. The defendant pulled out a handful of 101. notes and handed one to the officer. Mr. Crick said he did not feel quite satisfied with the mode of settling the charge. What security bad he that simile violetea would not be repeated towarda him ? Jf the gentleman was really insane, out of regard to the safety et tV - . puYic..% Iv ought cot to be perm t. led to go at. large. M. HARDWICK acquiesced in the reasonablenes s of these remarks, and having received an assurance from Mr. Crick that he bilevecl the defendant would repeat his vioknel, Mr. Hardwick then reconsidered his decidon, and desired the 51. note to be return:A to the defendant, with an intimation that two sureties of 20/. each would be required. Defendant—You are acting illegally. Your first decision was a fine of 5/. I tendered you the money. You have no business now to call on the to find bal. Mr. HARDWICK-But I do call upon you for bail, and you must procure it before you arc released. The defendant was then removed. UNION-HALL. The landlord of the Union public-house, in the Mint, was summoned under the Act, for keeping a disorderly house, by permitting music and dancing, without a li cense. A policeman stated that he had found in the house a room fitted up as a concert•room, and that there were sixty or seventy persons, chii_fly boys and girls, some of whom were decked out in spangled dresses, and wore masks, and were dancing to the music of a violin, violincello, and a harp. The defendant said that he did everything in his power to keep the corn puny who frequented his house select—that many houses in the neighbourhood hid music without any li cense—that the people were now so fond of music that he might as well close his shop as not keep up with his neighbours. The Magistrate said, whatever others did sill the defenlant was bound to adhere to the terms of his license ; he should fine him 103., and if he wanted to have music and dancing to amuse his neighbours, he must obtain a license for it. LAMBETH-STREET. Win. Hawes, a man of respectable appearance, was charged with pawning watch-cases which had been en. trusted to him by several watchmakers to polish and spring, to the value of 30/ The pawnbroker, Mr Vesper, slated that the pri soyer had been in the habit of pawning property similar to that which bad been produced, and he had always considered him a respectable watch-case manufaqurer. The prisoner did not deny pledging the whole of the proi.erty, and in each he was convicted in the penalty of a shilling and the amount of the goods, or ot:e month's imprisonment. An a:rangement was come to that Mr. Vesper should give up the watch-cases to their different owners on the payment of a third of what they had been pawned for. At the earnest solicitations of the manufacturers, who said they believed Hawes to be honest, but that his necessities had driven him to the acr, and that they were to employ him again, the prisoner wds ul timately discharged. TH.4_IIES-OFFICE. Margaret Hayes, alias Carr, was cha-gel with attempting to commit suicide. It appeared t the unfortunate creature, a victim of seduction, had been deserted by her betrayer, and for some time had dragged on a miserable existence in the Match Walk, ShadweP. On Welnesday she preferred a charge be fore the Magistrate, against a woman who had cut her head open with a jug, and otherwise brut illy used her, but then forgave her assailant, who was consequently discharged. The prisoner had since suffered much from the wound in her heal, her mind seemed affected, and being seven months gone in pregnancy, and without a fr,end or a penny, she flung herself from the swivel bridge into the London dock. A Thames Police con stable, named Jones, heard the splash, procured a hook, and fortunately soon succeeded in extricating her. She was conveyed to a public house, and, with medical aid, resuscitated, after which she was taken to Wapping Workhouse. The prisoner now expressed contrition, and said the injuries in her head had so affected her, that she scarce knew what she did. The MAGISTRATE athnonished tho poir woman, and ordered her to be again taken to the workhouse. SHJ PPING JNTELLIFENCE (Lan-Ds.) LONDON, OCT. 16. —Wind this day at noon W., variable. RAMSGATE, OCT. 15.—Arrived the Briton, from London for Smyrna, with cutwater and figure-head car ried away. Ellen, Bremen, for Charleston, with fore yard sprung ; Ahnina, do., for ditto ; Eleanor, leaky, having been struck by a sea, and with loss of anchor and chain. DEAL, OCT. 15.—Wind W.N.W., fresh.—Arrived the Prince of Wales and Prince Rupert, from Hudson's Bay ; Prince Albert, do. ; Shannon, Taylor, Quebec. Arrived from the river the Markland, for Sydney ; Thames, Jamaica ; Roselle, Berbice ; Penningham, fur St. Helena. YARMOUTH, OcT. 15.—The Johanna, of London, was in contact last night off Southwold with a loaded brig, and received damage. PLYMOUTH, OCT. 15.—Wind W.N.W.—It has blown nothing but gales for the last three days, and there is no appearance of a change. KisasTowN, OCT. 14.—Arrived the Naiad, from St. John's, New Brunswick. Coax, OCT. 13.—Arrived the Heart of Oak ; Courier, Liverpool for Montreal, much strained, and with loss of bulwarks, &e , having encountered very severe weather 50 miles W. of Cape Clear. Arrived off, the Medina, Murray, from Miramichi, and sailed for London. LmitrooL, OCT. 15.—Wind, W.N.W., to N.N.W. blowing hard.—Arrived the Sheridan, from New York, sailed on the 27th ult. ; Caledonia and Coverdale, St. John's, New Brunswick ; John Barray, Montreal ; Lacy, Constable, Quebec ; Henry, Prince Edward's Island. Arrived off port the James, Perkins, from New Orlettm, COWES, Ocr. 15.—1 t has blown a gale 01 last night from the Ivcstward, but is now more moderate. SHIELDS, OcT. 14.—Sailfd thq s44s I'4riei, for Port Atidaide, HULL, OcT. 15.—Wind by S., strong breezes.— Arrived the Emily, Hellman, from Bouilieu. DARTMOUTH, OCT. 15.—Put back Darmouth, Terceira. MILFORD, OM 14,-.4he Dove, from Sun lerfort to Wicklow, was driven on shore on Freshwater Sands 3 , *erday, and will be a total wreck—materials saved. A new board, with the following name in gilt letters, " Rob, au Pare," was picked up near St. David's this morning ; also another board painted "Harriett," some spars, Sce. VEssELs SPOKEN WITFL—The Thames, of Alloa, on the 12th ult., in lat. 46, lon. 58, by the Shannon, arrived in the Downs. A large steamer, bound West, 10th inst., lat, 51, by the Maaret end Jane, arrived at Cork. Ann, illkimichi to Annati, off the Old Head 12th inst. ; Cossack, Bristol to Hichebucto, with 3 feet water in her hold, and pumps choked, lat. 44, loth 35, by the Ditb, from Benin, Idea, Cork to Quebec, I 1 th tilt., lat. 46, !on. 26, by the Borealis, arrived at Newfoundland. Princess Victoria, Clyde to Quebec, 12th ult., lat. 48, lon. 28 ; Amazonia, Swansea to Quebec, 20th ult., lat. 46, lon. 44, by the Ratchford, arrived at Newfoundland. Mary Connell, for the Cape of Good Hope, out 21 days, lat. 14 N., lon. 26 W., by the Panope, arrived in the River. Cornwallis, from Waterford, 14th ult., at the entrance of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, by the Carshalton Park, arrived in the Downs. Granville Bay, Livor'iool to Quebec, 17th ult., of An ico3t ; Lady Flora Ha ,t- Lugs, Liverpool to Quebec, 24th ult., lat. 46, lon. 57, by the Endyrnion. arrived in the Downs. Boyne, Mira michi to Belfast, 10th inst., 100 miles off Cape Clear, by the Susannah, arrived at Cork. St. Martin, Newry to St. John's, New Brunswick, 19th ult., lat. 56, lon. 13, by the Sybilla, arrived at Stornaway. ARTESIAN WELL AT SOUTHAMPTON —The contractors for this work have now reached the depth of 76 fathoms, or 456 feet. To those of our readers who are not adepts at measurement, it will give some idea of the depth of this well, when we state that it consider ably exceeds in depth the height of either St. Paul's, Chichester, or Salisbury Cathedrals ; is more than double the height of the Monument in London, and nearly three times the height of St. Michael's Church, in Southampton. There are, it is true, in the ruining districts many shafts which very much exceed in depth the shaft now sinking in the common ; but we are not aware of any shaft being sunk in the' United Kingdom of so large a diameter (some portion of it being upwards of fifteen feet), to so great a depth through the chi) s and sands overlaying the chalk, and lined as this is, with solid brickwork set in Homan cement, or with stout cast iron cylinders. The difficulties with which the contractors have had to contend have been of no ordinary kind, and notwithstanding every precaution the obstacles met with have been such as to cause the frequent choking of pumps, breaking of rods, and damage to the steam- - engines. It is now, however, the oFinioa of those • competent to form a judgment on the subject that the shaft is within twenty or thirty feet of the chalk, and preparations are now making for passing through the green sand usually found overlaying the chalk, at great depths, under the plastic clay formation. Addi tional pumps and apraratus are prepared and now being placed at the bottom of the shaft, which pumps are so arranged that they will afford the means of raising the water from the great depth of 600 feet from thu surface, should the Commissioners deem it desirable to do so, and this too without altering the pumping arrangement in the upper part of th e wor k s . W e con gratulate the inhabitants of Southampton on the prospect of success likely to attend this great undertaking ; and we foul it important to notice, that while the London and Westminster Water Company are circulating their prospectuses for raising a c a pit a l of some hundreds of thousands of pounds, and promising a supply of water from the chalk of the London Basin for a much larger number of houses than there are inhabitants in this town, the rate-payers here have proceeded thus far in obtaining fro:n the chalk of the Hampshire Basin a sup ply of pure water at a comparatively cheap rate. — Hampshire Independent. PEEPING rOM.—In pursuance of an order given at the last meeting of the Town Council, that an cient block called " Peeping Tom of Coventry," has been repainted and gilt, and put up again in the same hole to face all weathers. Those who have had the superinten dence of this important business, have seen fit materially ti alter Tom's position, by placing him more erect, show ing him at greater length, and thereby exhibiting the stumps of his arms and the waistband of his breeches. This is certainly change, but not improvement ; and the bad taste of the job is finished by tying round the neck of the figure a paltry orange neckerchief. SINGULAR MAN.--One day lately, a clergy man qut the question to a married woman in this place— " Did all mankind fall in Adam's first transgresmon : • To which the woman replied, " As for other folk, Sir how they stand, I cannot tell ; but one thing I ken, the my man never fell in Adam's first transgression, for ht told me that he never ate fruit of any kind all the day( of his life ; so that ye see, Sir, he has uaetbing to d. with Adam at all."—Stirling ()Wryer. THE RATIONAL Ci•iARTI!! , TS. AN ADDRESS OF A FEW CHAtifIsTS IN HUDDERS FIELD AND ITS VICINITY TO THE PATRIOTS STRUE3- GLING FOR FREEDOM, WHO HAVE DRAWN UP THE PLAN WHICH HAS BEEN TERMED IN DERISION THE " NEW MOVE." Thrice is he armed who bath his quarrel just; And he but naked, though lock'd up in steel, Whose conscience with injustice is corrupted. SDAKspEARE. GENTLEMEN—Accept our warmest thanks for the ho nest, boll, and graightforward manner in which you have, for a number of years, stoodarcong the foremost to plead the cause of the working millions against avowed foes, on one baud, and professed tri,nds on the other. We cannot allow the present opportunity to pass without testifying our entire al.probation of the plan above, referred to ; and, at the same time, we feel as sured you will go on through good and through ill re port, until we finally gain the goal of freedom. It is rather curious to see how some men are striving to connect the Lew move with one concocted by Messrs. Hume, Place, and Co., hut " no more like it, than Ito Hercules." What their motives are, we leave to Hea ven and their own consciences. The " new move," as we understand it, does not clash against any of the old " move.," but is merely an addition to them, such as schools for education, &c. One would think by yo' r opponen's' arguments, that " izeorance is bl.ss ;" If so, " 'tis folly to be wise." Calling to mind your sacrifices in the cause of a free and unshackled Press, and your straightforward conduct since, we cannot but look with a jealous eye to reports so industriously circulated against you, without evidence and without proof. Hoping that all the chart he oppression, will to the 1., attached to the cause of tru James Clough, Lockwood. Joseph Brook Huddersfield. Almondbury Bank. John Holmes, Kirkheaton. John Thomas, Kirkheaton. lies of petty tyranny, or pub .escue, we remain, sincerrly th and jusece, Joshua Goddard, Rushcliffe. Liver W a re, News .ra .1. Broadbent, hirkheatun. W. Earnshaw, Kirkheaton. W. Orcherton, Kirkheaton, J. Frost, Huddersfield. R. Laycock, Kirkheaton. J. Laycock, Kirkheaton. Luke Bradley, Lockwood. John Wood, Longley. John Robinson, Longley. Jeorge Hailden, Almond- bury. John Taylor, Deighton. A. Mel'o - 1, Dalton: NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. (From the Hampshire Telegraph.) PORTSMOUTH, OCT. 16.—The Columbia, troop steamer, Mr. Robinson, commander, arrived, on Monday last, in 29 days, from Antigua, with damaged machinery ; she went on Wednesday to Woolwich, to be paid ofE The Sappho, sloop-of-war, Commander Fraser ; Fair Rosa mond, Lieut. Bultnan ; and Gleaner, ketch, Lieut. Jeayes, were at Antigua ; and the Firefly, Hecla, Tar tarus, and Flamer, steam packets, were at Barbadoes. The West Indies were considered healthy, but the is landers were in great trepidation lest a war should break out with America—an event which would ruin the trade of the West Indies. The Nutna, transport, arrived on Sunday from Ber muda, with invalids and naval stores, and proceeded on Thursday to Chatham. The Styx steamer, Captain E. S. Vidal, is hourly ex pected at this port, from the Eastward, fur the purpose of embarking Sir Charles Begot, the new Governor-General of Canada. Late this evening she had not made her appearance ; the heavy westerly gales must have detained her. His Excellency arrived at the George Hotel in this town, from London, last evening. The Cambrian, 36, Captain Chads, C. 8., fitting at Plymouth, is ordered to be ready for sea by the Ist of November; she is to proceed to China. We learn by recent accounts from Valparaiso, that Rear-Admiral Ross, has shifted his flag from the Presi dent to the Basilisk, and that the President and Actaeon had gone to Callao. The next ship fur England will be the Orestes, with two millions of money on board. The Queen, 110, Captain Rich, will be taken into dock, next week, for the purpose of cleaning her copper. The Vindictive, 50, was commissioned on Thursday, by Lieut. Luard. tihe has been taken into dock to have her copper swept. The Rapid, 10, Lieut. Tryon, arrived on Wednesday, from Liverpool and Bristol, with 56 seamen fur the ships fitting at this port. She sailed again to day fur Waterford, to bring round others. Thu Mada gascar, 44, Captain Foote, is ordered to be ready for sea by the Ist of next month. It is understood she is to relieve the Seringapatam, in the West Indies. The Thunder, Commander Burnett, and Lynx, Lieut. Burs lem, ►sere yesterday towed to the Nore by the Monkey steamer. The Illustrious, 72, will be ready fur sea in three weeks; she wants only fifty seamen to complete her complement. The Siren, sloop•of-war, is ordered to be gut ready with all dispatch at Woolwich; she will be completed about the 25th for service in China. The Volcano, steam-vessel, Lieut. West, was expected to leave Woolwich to-day for this port, on her way to a foreign station. In Barbour—St. Vincent, Victory, Queen, Excellent, Illustrious, Vindictive, Warspite, Madagascar, Belvidera, Royal George, North Star, Driver, Hazard, Pantaloon, Rapid, Viper, Apollo troop-ship, Alban and Echo steamers. At Spithead—Julin Fleming, East Indiaman. Captain John Brett Purvis is appointed Commodore, with a blue pennant, at Rio Janeiro. The ship is not named. Sir George Seymour and the Right Hon. H. Corry (Lords of the Ad►uiralty) arrived here on Wednesday, on an official visit. They are accompanied by the Sur veyor of the Navy, Sir W. Symonds, and Capt. Brand red), of the loyal Engineers. Messrs. Enchain, Laing, and Atkins, the master ship wrights, appointed to survey the ships in ordinary at this port, arrived here on Monday, and nave since been em ployed on that service. PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. (For Promotions bestowed for services in China, see Fri- day's London Gazette.) PROM3TlONS.—Mates—jelm Moore (1841), of the Caledonia ; Henry Chads (1839), of the Endyinion (acting), to the .Nimrod ; R. M`Kinley Richardson, of the Sulphur (when lie shall have passed for navigation), to the rank of Lieutenant—his commission bears date Oct. 8. APPOINTMENTS.—Commander Hon. W. B. Devereux, to the Snake. Lieutenants—E. Tatham, to the Spartan ; J. Sibbald, (from the Siren), to the Illustrious ; Robinson, to the Hazard. Masters—F. J. Gruzelier, re-appointed to the Siren, vice Dor, who is in the Marine Hospital, at Woolwich ; F. Willis, to the Snake. Purser—Mr. Cornelius Dealy, to the Snake. Assistant Surgeons—Dr. M. Burton, to the Ferret; Dr. Wm. Webber, to the Vixen; J. Bernard, to the Rhadumanthus; John Cockin, to the Siren; A. Adams and Dr. Winchester, to the St. Vincent; Dr. Roggen, to Hazard; and A. G. Tucker and J. Campbell, to the Queen. Master's Assistant—R. W. Ward, to the Cambrian. Mates—H. Bally, to the Malabar; Henry George Williams, to the Excellent; S. H. Ricketts, to the Siren; R. L. Curtis, P. W. Coventry, W. Mould, G. Cleveland, J. Wyburn, H. Temple, E. Lloyd, L. de Provost, to the Queen. Midshipmen—H. Molyneux, Allan Percy, J. C. Byng, to the Queen ; W. Peel, to the Cambrian. Volunteer, Ist Class—Logic Augustus Whimper (from the Upper School at Greenwich), to the Malabar; J. V. Lovett, to the Implacable; A. French; and J. Lloyd, to the Ganges; C. A. Wise, to the Curnwaliia ; J. Parrott, to the Hazard; . 1 3 . B. Payne, to the Queen; and R. H. Burton, to the Implacable. Royal Marines—Major Morrison, recruiting service, to Oxford ; Captain Gillespie, recruiting service, to Hereford ; Captain Willer, to lI:M.S. St. Vincent, leav ing Captain Pearce the first for sea duty; Second Lieut. James A. Stewart, to the St. Vincent. The following Officers are appointed to the Vindictive from the Belleisle :—Lieutenants—Washington Carr, F. Ellis, J. Gennys, and W. Luard ; Master—Chas. Pope ; Surgeon—Dr. A. Allen ; Purser—John Cole ; Mates Messrs. Kinsman, Hurnby, and Morton ; Midshipman— D'Aguilar ; Clerk— Thomas ; Volunteers, Ist Class—Messrs. Makie, Hayden, Pratt, and Meltnouth. -The following Mates passed fur Lieutenant at the Navai College, on Tuesday :—Messrs. F. L. M'Clin tock, Excellent ; M. H. Perceval, Indus ; W. L. Part, ridge, Dido ; H. G. Williams, late Hazard ; P. W. Coventry, late Comus. Mr. Thomas Carstairs Gray, passed at the Naval College for a commission in the Royal Marine Corps. The following Warrant Officers have been superannu ated :—Mr. J. Briggs, Gunner, 84/. ; Mr. W. White, ditto, 451.: Mr. J. Fox, Boatswain, 84/. ; Mr. G. Sim mons, ditto, 351. ; Mr. J. Williams, ditto, 3:31. ; Mr. W. Hindmarsh, Carpenter, 841. ; Mr. J. Underhill, ditto, 50/. ; Mr. R. Roberts, ditto, 45/. PLvatou'ru, OCT. 14.—The Tortoise convict ship, which sailed last Sunday, was obliged to put back, owing to stress of weather. On Friday the Impregnable, 104, Captain T. Forrest, with Rear-Admiral Sir F. Mason's flag, sailed for the Mediterranean. The Avon steamer, Lieutenant C. Jenkin, arrived with a detach ment of marines from Woolwich, for embarkation ; the Avon has since gone to Liverpool. The Netley tender arrived from Liverpool, with volunteers for the Cam brian, and has since returned to Liverpool for mere. The Rapid, 10, Lieutenant Tryon, arrived from Liverpool, and sailed the next day for Portsmouth. The Belleisle, 72, will be paid off on Satur da y ; most of her officers join the Vindictive, 50, fitting out at Portsmouth ; she is to be converted into a troop-ship, and when ready will be commissioned. In Harbour—Caledonia, San Josef, Belleisle, Malabar, Cambrian, Spartt.n, .Nightingale, and Ferrett. In the Sound—Tortoise. HOP INTELLIGENCE.--WORCESTERI OCT. 15.--In consequence of a large supply of new Hops being at market on Saturday last, a decided flatness in the demand was observed, and some of the lowest de scriptions did not fetch so much by ss. per cwt. as on the previous market. Fine qualities come in very short, and are difficult to obtain at the late currency. Duty 13,00 C/. Tne scale returns for planters' Hops sold and weighed on Saturday last is, new, 1,348 ; old, 178. In the week, new', 744, and old, 142 . Present prices, per rown 100 s. to 1205.; fine, 130 s. to 1475.; choice, 150 s. to 1605.; 1839'5, from 90s. to 1265.; 1837'5, from 60s. to 845.; very few old Hops left. ACCIDENT ON THE DUNDEE RAILWAY.— On Monday last, as the up-mail train from Arbroath was pass ing Westhaven, an old woman was standing upon the rails at the foot-crossing in the curve there. As soon as the engineer observed her he reversed his engine, and sounded the alarm whistle, but from the speed at which the train was going, it was impossible to stop it in time, and the coigine struck the old woman upon the right shoulder, threw her off the line, and killed her on the , epot.—Dugdee Paper, H E MARKETS-SATURD AY. ANT) I.I.:AnENHALL . The supply of meat was good, but the trade bottgllt only a small quantity and on some descriptions' lower prices we re paid. fleet', 3s. 9 d. to 3s. 4tl. ; Prime, s. Mutton, 3s. 4d. to 4s. 2d.; Veal, 43. BA. to 53., Pork, 4s. GI to ss. 4d. per stone of sib. Poultry end game were in short supply ; trade good, and last prices were supported. Eggs dull of sale at 4s. 6d. to 7s. 6d. per 120. WHITECHAPEL MARKET. The rain had a bad effect upon the Trade, and pric es were rather lower. Veal s o ld m uch worse. In Beef slid Mutton little alteration. B ee f, 2s. Bd. to 4 5.: Mutton, " 2s. Bd. 4s. 2d. ; Veal, 3s. Bd. to ss. ; Pork, 3 s. ss. 4d. ; Lamb, 4s. to 4s. Sd. Clover, 31 to 6L ; Meado w Hay, 41. to 41. 15s. ; Straw, 11. 12s. ; to 1/. 165 . TEA MARKET. In Free Trade Tea there was little busines s trans acted, the attention of buyers being directed to the publi(c firm, declared fur Tuesday ; but holders were t and ~ prices were supported. Company's Congou moved on slowly at Is. %Id. cash. The deliveries still keep large. TALLOW MARKET. There was more activity in the Market ; 475. 3( 1 . Ills the value of P. Y. Candles on the spot ; for delivery up to the end of the year. sellers at 475. per cr/t. SPIRIT MARKET. fe e ' For fine sorts of Rum the demand was good, slid is- u parcels were sold at full rates but common kinds weore i dull of sale, and rather lower. Proof Leewards 1 4t ; to Is. I Id. Brandy in fair request. British Corn SP" - • dull at 10s. 4d., cash. OL MABKET. Prices firm, but WO the Market dull, for both Engli 01 !:1 For be shortlyeign.Tli declared.e arrivals small. Public sales of ,Col° L 1.7 will I ?Cal l ' h Al a Se COUNTRY CORN MARKETS. ...,...--- , NW' Wheat. Barley. ! Oats. Beane* .--••- ''' .....„,„, eal... h Per Quarter. a. to s. a. to a. a. to s. s. to .. A 4) , Abingdon 5B 73 no 26 24 30 40 42 . ... Andover 66 70 33 34 1 .',5 27 -• -•::: "" ... ' Banbury 64 74 32 40 25 33 36 40 *'''' 44 42 . . Basi gstoke 60 72 32 37 24 :8 42 . •• a •• •,. Cirenc-ster 6O 70 :•2 25 24 25 40 4e. r o ..., Coventry - 65 23 39 25 31 33 -- ,r• Uaventry Darby 64 77 30 10 23 29 42 4 . e• Howden - 63 - 30 17 41 _•-• a Hunger fo rd 50 72 29 37 25 30 40 45. '''_., .... Halton .. .. . - '-'" 40 4 4 Mai • enhead 55 8l 32 35 25 31 40 4 ' - i •••• Notti , gharn 60 75 30 25 .1 28 4) . 44 '' ' ... Wantage %Varwick - :it 36 '26 32 - -' - 2, 4 0 Winchester ... 76 - 36 -- 2 a .._ T4° - . I York 52 64 30 33 18 20 36 40 .... A i A 6 Per Bushel •. d. a. d . a. d. a. d. a. d.' 5. d. a. d, 4. .1 u. ill, , .. a 6 w Birmingham 7 0 I 6 3 6 4 6 36 . 40 ! 5 0 7 0 . HULL COll2 MARKET , lb, Wheat, Whit( (per Quarter) filed 64,00i. Red tills. 2 (2i 8 91. :0: : Foreign Barley, Malting 29s. 30 1 . . 114 ,* Grinding Oats, British Foreign (in bond) Beans 3ss, , O; Beans ' Pease, Grey Blue and White 36a. 3es. IP , . Linseed .... LW. sos ( 12 ...• Flour (per sack) _..c -/• • Vt. b lis. 48% b" Rapeseed per W quarters) EDINBURGH CORN MARKET. Vs% Wheat. Barley. Oats. b ea n,. 4 , , First 1.75.0d 371 Od. 27a.44. 46a. Od. ' 44 I Second 76 0132 0 25 0 ,44 0 4./ 0 l'n ird Average price of Wheat 3!. 105. 6S• PRICES OP PROVISIONS AC. to. Reef, per in. ........ Os. 54. to Os.Pd.j Freshßutter, Ils. I , S d t o 0 11 , PRICE OF PRVISIONS A . . Reef, per io. Os. 5d. S to Os.Pd. O Freshßutter, C Ds. 1r Od '''' o fo 11 / edutt0n—............... 0 5 0 7 Salt Ditt0,............. 010 90 0 ; Vea1.,,...,,,,,,••••••ww0 0 7 010 Ditto, per cwt.-8 6 0 (1 11 P0rn......,,,,,,....,....,0 5 0 7 Eggs, per dos... 14 0u 9 0 Lamt4 per qr. ....... 1 6 4 6 OatStraw(hpl.).. 7 9 0 fallow, cwt......... 39 0 41 0 Wheat Ditto... 7 " f " Quartern L0af...., u F 0 9 Barley Ditto ....... 5 0 1 0 p0tat0e5,1411)....... 0 0 0 4 Hay, per5t........ OIL EDINBURGH MEAL MARKET ~ 0 , , Per Sack of 28011:. Imp. Per Stone of 141 b. In% f First Oatmeal second ditto._ t , • Birleymeat. .... 1 11 0 8ar1eymea1............--• 0 1 P*lsensoal 1 8 0 Peasemeal . ...... . ........... Pot Barley from 30s. to 455. per sack CORNWALL MARKETS. (Calculated at 24 gallons to the bushel.) Wheat. _Barley. 1 1: 1V:" . 1 ------ tr 1 ° '.l' 11 s. d. to r. d. s. d. te s. d. 1 . * .. . Truro — 0 10 0 0 3 8 -- " 5 • f 'Octane — , 96 0 39- 6 13 i St. Austell 0 7 7 0 3 I 3 1 Bodmm 0 88— 0 4 4 --0 , 3 Iskeard 0 7 6 --0 3 6 -,- 7, I'l Launceston Camel ford 9 0 10 0 3ti 3 4 2 6 ,, ' Penrance. 7 8 8 4 0 4 0 -- - tg i • . civ M T e n INTELLIGENCE. 1 ,1' „ . 0 a - 2uantity of Copper urea sold at lledruth la* week... 2,“"./ 7w 0 Average Produce .... 1 54 19 04 Zu•muty 01 tine Copper t ow 19 , • Amount of sale. la.} 06 . Rs. 6d —Averagr S:andard, ..-•-• . ---- - Four prtsoners of La Force, who with sel 0 - others ha i just been liberated, their term of ir lI P7• -° lO9, rant having expired, entered the shop of $ vvine -- ,," d ots opposite the prison, to celebrate their enla r g e— er. One of them haring, whilst they were drinking , • cei‘el in a cupboard, the door of which wa s ~,„°Poeuoic anvass bag, apparently containing money, he c ° " -- si fter•- cated the discovery to his companions, and shorq, ~d wards they obtained possession of - it unperceigeu.,lnt• succeeded in effecting their escape with it. It coli the 400 francs, which the wine-dealer had set aside for payment of a bill. fac r o L th tT s E ilt . e — rsm A it . h ß ., . N S .. A l4 V , O co lt rn Y hill E , ln L d on S do O n(orm ' r _it s e il t v h e e t; ',, , Bank of England).—The best wrought Fiddl e -Pattern r ' t o -,. Spoons and Forks, a. 7s. 2d. per ounce. Th e f o llowing t r e or • weights recommended, but the articles may be bad Debt heavier at the same price per ounce : ~ ~ tl. oz. s. d. x„ ib 0 12 Fiddle Pattern Silver Table Spoons 30 at 7 2 ... 1 ",,, 3 4 12 ditto Dessert ditto 20 at 7 2 ... „' 13 0 12 ditto Table Forks 30 at 7 2 .. • lu a 4' 12 ditto Dessert ditto 20 at 7 2 ... 7 i i i 3 2 ditto Gravy Spoons 10 at 7 2 ... 4 0 8 I ditto Soup Ladle... 10 at 7 2 ... ",' 16 0 l ' 4 ditto Sauce ditto... 10 at 7 8 ... 0 0 0 4 ditto Salt Spoons (gilt strong) 2 10 3 1 ditto Fish Slice 12 ditto Tea Spoons... 10 at 7 8 ... „ 1 5 0 1 ditto Pair Sugar Tongs (strong) u , te alrf.. N.B. A price current, stamped as a newspaper, ill sz!,! o eo . drawinzs, and containing every information relative ? . , ... , n„, l -,. d chase of silver or She ffi eld plate, may be hail en appil‘P•"_. to a will be sent int* the country, free of postage, in sow" paid letter • r-- C. J. DENT begs to acquaint his F ------d riea 1 °L a .: the Public that he has just had the honour of receiving subjoined letter from the Admiralty : ( Copy. ) 18 41 ' " Admiralty, 29th September, of Ho " Sir—The annual trial of chronometers for the 06 0 00' Majesty's Government :laving now terminated , I a s %Jett* mended by my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty . you that their Lordships have directed me to purc hase a t Loos ' low ing chronometers at the various prices specified again respectively, viz.:-- Dent, No. 1,571 55 gnineas Dent, Ne. 1,606. Dent, No. b,621 (pocket) 3O view t h. " Their Lordships having been pleased, in orde r i• Stioalif superior performance of 1,571, to assign to it a polo'. increased price to that usually given. " I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, mt. "F. BEAUFORT, HydreeP to " To Mr. Dent, Chronometer Maker, 82, Strand. . de l Out of 60 Ci.ronometers, by various Makers, eull e of tya the late trial by order of Blew Lordships, the eiv" ° , above three, with two selected for the Niger ExPe dit la: others, enables Mr. Dent to affirm that he belie ves be ' or tb. year supplied their Lordships with mere Chronozeieter:ool use of the Royal Navy than hare been furnished to any other Maker. hot it f It affords Sir. Dent additional pleasure to state t-hoooor. to their Lordships' high recommendation he owe , tO N i k er having made a Geld Chronometer, presented ti the - to ; , edition by his Royal Bigline:s Prince Albert. , w i tobet to Dent's Lectures en Chronometers, Clocks, alga ;ate' be obtained at 32 , Strand, price one shilling , but Ipre' customers Jratuitously. Present price of Two-day Chronometers, e k i A e ß he hn T ae H mtt: S e A. . 43 0 o n the the 13th 13th inst., n instant,st.,at B a st E t ere frs. so D el ls t bdi e n i n in g t o ll 'ol f :" ,4-1 7; Charles Home, of a son. f 0 11)11, On the 14th instant, at Chippenham, the led/ o " ' , Goldney, Esq., of a daughter. • 'd ' WI° 1 On the 14th instant, at Chippenham-park, Cats!,:brLgenaha iik' the lady of the Rev. Augustus J. Tharp , vicar f tow" - . .4, of a daughter. tty o otreq. the On the 14th instant, in Westbourne-place , — _l ado 1 " - • the lady of R. Buchanan Dunlop, Esq., of Drnw" e- ~,,a county of Dumbarton, of a daughter. of. hg ts PP.' On the 14th instant, at Millbtooke, Isle ,'" .--•'' Robert Sewell, of a son. the' MARRIED. . H e ms. brio, On the 12th instant, at Bovingdon Church, ' floun ir ;of Rev. Joseph Stevenson, Charles, third son of - I °L' u yo utql Esq., of Lincoln's Inn, London, to Eliza Jan e ; sl a an l4. daughter of the late Joseph Steavenson, Est ' °' or • hall, Herts. , r ot o s, • On the the 12th instant, at St. George's, ~en°,-,eic-zir„),.. tCohlasralehselSlai,moposioynd,aEogsqh.t,orofof23th,eßleartneal-.stsret.et, P. °- of I°- George , l l b i square, Regent's-park. Li ve .r Old On the 12th instant, at St. Bride's Church , o ot, h ie the Rev. Hugh APNeile,_ Hugh Au,tin, Esq. , rn A er r ;: le Cr*" ' don, to Eliza. soungest daughter of the late !LPL" • Esq., of Glasgow. to of At u n., p-t On the 12th instant, at Ball lesson Church. c° .‘ OW o f tE ß h a se O g r t i n: a , tseo mi the lnic il oi l tb i o a l e 4 e m r : t h ol If instant, aßiaidllayYm oE b ns y egy- the :' trim, by the Rev. James O'Hara, William Fre n 7 ti ght er tter I square, to Matilda, Johnstone, yeuogea t t o o f RABeenvinf.se,,st.yirouNnvgir:: i jpetrobrtio: die f ' DIED. •s e iti ll od Wa O li n ac t e he E Zt s h i je o , f August last, at Neernuch , in t he - $ 0°11. '"" Edsaqu;htoefr Gower -gstereoeit of fever, in the 30th year of his age, Lieutenant _ f fir s Wallace Elmslie, E6stt, Native Infantry, brother o ffi cers, who raised a handsome monument w 11 0°' mory. d 7 5 0 f iiii°' On the 7th instant, in the Close, Exeter, age , o io daughter of tl.e late Rev. .I,,hn Mulso, Prebend bon', f a a s n h t reyl,c aesldheesitotsoo4Z3l,: 00;., chester Cathedral, and Recto r of Meanstoke, aad or ..,, itiOr the county of Hants. of e °/1 Is t. On the 9th instant, at Penrith, Cumberland, _ of the, t he tion, Joseph Aloffat Blenkinsop, only surviving 20 . 7„ 0 ,0 o' es . John Blenkinsop, of the Commercial -road, and g"'_,,t, CP late Jcseph Moffat, Esq., of 14, Great Ormond-stm- sob square, aged 18.G osp ort, it 11' 0 On the 13th instant, at Anglesey, near , AOO , of Catherine, eldest daughter of Alr. George Set"' rt ; i is . ire ° ford-street, Russell square, aged 15. , On the 13th insta nt, suddenly, at his chambed 44. ~ ...04 buildings, Gray's Inn, W. C. Bousfield, Esq., 1 - e s iog 0 On the 13 th i nstant, Mr. James Trehern, of 0 , 0 75, deeply lame nted b y his family and friends. ,oro lt, . u s On the 13 th in stant, at Needham-market, ° .. 55 s od Watney Norris, the infant daughter of Henry Jam loos Norris, aged 2 y ears. f. o g r. On the 14th instant, Eleanor, the beloved wife Butcher, of 71, Red Lion-street, Clerkenwel l- o f - '" -- "iO —_--- 0 Y °ll (h i° London : Printed and Published by MURD stria ) • • No. 112, Strand, a t Th e 5" Ge , No. 11 i the met! •f Midilogoz, Monisy, OotolAr Igo MORNING SUN