The Sun. — London, England, 1867-04-04 00:00:00

~~ IRELAND, DUBLIN, April 3. The details of the affair at Kilclooney-wood are • most interesting. The wood is situate about seven miles from Mitchelstown, county of Cork. It was reported to the authorities that a party of the rebels had been lurking there for some time. Mr. Neale Browne, R.M., with Sub-Inspector Rudge and the constabulary of the district, went out last Thurs day week in search of them, but none were found. Acting upon further information, Mr. Browne for warded a requisition for the services of the 'Water ford flying column, and on Saturday the column, commanded by Major Bell, and accompanied by Mr. Redmond, R.M. (Dungarvan), proceeded from Lismore to Mitchelstown, and at 1 o'clock on Sun day morning started, by the southern road, to the neighbourhood of Kilclooney-wood, Mr. Neale Browne, R.M., Sub-inspector Rudge, and about 20 constabulary from Mitchelstown, Kildorrery, and Kilbenny, proceeding by another road, which led to the northern side of the wood. The column, which consisted of one troop of the 6th Carbineers, two companies of the 6th Royal Warwickshire Infantry, and some of the Military Train and Royal Engi neers, in all about 120 men, was distributed so as to completely surround the wood. What followed is narrated by the witnesses at the inquest, which was held at Mitchelstown on Monday. Mr. Henry Ed ward Redmond, stipendiary magistrate, stationed at Dungarvan, deposed that he was out on the morning of Sunday, the 31st of March, with the Waterford flying column, at Kilclooney-wood. He reached the wood about 5 o'clock a.m. Major Bell ordered the wood to be surrounded, and he sent Lieut. Carey in command of a small detach ment. The wood ran north and south, and the high road ran north and south also. Lieut. Carey's party was posted on the south side of the wood. Mr. Redmond went to search some houses on the west side. While there he heard some shots in the wood. He immediately ran towards the firing. On getting to the fence near the wood he saw some of the soldiers firing in the wood. He called out and asked them what was that for—had they been fired at? The answer was " Yes ; they fired at us first, and they are firing now." He then ran forward a little in front of the skirmishers and saw two men, one armed with a rifle and the other with a revolver, and they were going from tree to tree, firing on the soldiers. He told the men to protect themselves. Almost at this moment the two men turned and ran towards a river, which was then not more than 20 yards distant. Immediately on seeing them turn he called out to the force to cease firing. They did so, the soldiers repeating his order one to another. The two men rushed forward and jumped into the river and endeavoured to cross it, one a little above the other. Mr. Redmond jumped in after one of them, and some of the soldiers after the other. The one presented his revolver at Mr. Redmond, who caught him in the river, and presented his revolver at him, and they had a struggle. He called upon him to surrender, and he did so. The deceased man was the other who had jumped into the river. Immediately after he captured M'Clure he saw the soldiers drawing out the deceased, who was laid on the bank. He was then wounded and lay on his back. Ile was bleeding profusely from a gunshot wound under his right arm. He was also wounded in the left hand, one of the fingers being injured. The stock of his rifle was smashed by a bullet. There was a bayonet on it, about where he held it. The damage was near the guard of the trigger. We sent immediately for the doctor and priest ; the military doctor—Dr. Segrave—was on the spot and did everything he could for him. He even read prayers for him. Witness heard no other shots fired after he gave the order " Cease firing." Consequently the deceased must have been wounded before that. The bugle sounded at the top of the hill " Cease firing" about the same time. Deceased said he did not fire at all ; that he would have fired, but his rifle missed. This statement was positively denied by James Pye, a soldier, who swore posi tively that Crowley fired at him first, that he and the other man kept firing from behind trees as they retreated towards the river. They fired about nine or ten shots altogether. This wit ness jumped into the river and pulled out the de ceased. He had his head under water, and was float ing down stream, which was about 3ft. Gin. deep. Mr. Neale Brown, R.M., corroborated this evidence. He further stated that Dr. Segrave, while endea vouring to stop the bleeding of hiS wound with one hand, read prayers from a book which he held in the other; that when deceased complained of the cold of the ground the soldiers gave their coats to make a bed for him ; they waited some time for the clergy man, and then . he was taken up by the soldiers and carried out of the plantation. The clergyman over took them, and the man was laid down and left with him. He was afterwards raised again by the sol diers, and carried by them out of the road. They tried to get him into a respectable farmer's house, but both the man and his wife refused him admit tance. The only way of giving him assistance and saving his life was to bring him to Mitchelstown. They brought him on a cart until they met Dr. Rogers, who kindly took him into his phaeton. Dr. Segrave went with him, and the hospital sergeant followed on the car, with the police escort close to them. When he came into Mitchelstown the man was dead. On the conclusion of the inquiry the jury without any hesitation found " That deceased had died from the (effects of a gunshot wound caused by the firing of the military party in the execution of their duty." The number of soldiers firing in the wood was five, and one of them was hit by the rebels. M'Clure first gave his name as M‘Guinness ou being 0 questioned, but afterwards said it was M'Clure ; and his description, it is said, exactly corresponds with that in the Hue and Cry of the " Captain " M'Clure who headed the party of Fenians that attacked Knockadoon Coastguard station. The re volver which he had contained six chambers, three of which had been discharged. A package of tea was also found upon him. Kelly wore across his shoul der, when captured, a havresack, which was found to contain a quantity of ammunition and of raw pork, besides a drill book, a book on the first leaf of which were written the words " Journal of the Campaign," and which contained an account of the attack upon Ballynockin Police-station, and several other incidents of the recent rising ; a lithographed map of the county of Cork, and a plan of a part of the county, neatly drawn with pen and ink. Crowley was very widely known in this part of the country. He was a well-to-do farmer, having a long lease of about 50 acres of land between Cloyne and lAidleton. He was about 36 or 40 years of age, but was not married. His sister, who came to claim his body, informed the police that when he left his home about a month ago he took 40 sovereigns with him. Va rious conjectures are made as to the object with which he and his two companions came to this part of the country. Some people think there must have been a large body of men in the wood, who have escaped, and in corroboration of this view it is said that one other man was seen escaping over the hill during the encounter at Kilclooney-wood. It is also said that after the attack on Knockadoon Coastguard station, M'Clure and the principal men engaged in the attack managed to get on board a small vessel near Youghal, which was to convey them to France; and that the vessel was driven back by the easterly gales which prevailed, and was obliged to put into Queenstown harbour, where the party on board suc ceeded in effecting a landing without the knowledge of the police ; and that when they were encountered at leilelooney they were making their way to the Galteee to join a body of Fenians supposed to be in concealment there. It is more probable that they were moving about through the country from one hiding-pl ace to another from the time of the at tempted rising, and that they either sought to make an unusually long rest in the wood where they were captured, oio.d-y of Fenians were engaged in secretly organising a fresh b in expecta tion of American aid. The prisoners are de scribed as young men of middle height and average build. Kelly appears t In his featuresopossess more and the than usual int e llig ence . style of wearing his light, spare beard, he pre sents the appearance of an A mer i can. His manner is stated to be rather well-bred, and his handwriting —if that be his which appears in the papers found in his havresack—particularly neat. M'Clure is stouter and coarse-looking, with large, bold, staring eyes, and a mouth and chin expressive of much de termination. • There was nothing at all military in the garb of either of the men. Crowley's funeral gave occasion to a manifestation of feeling on the part of the people, which was not the less significant for its silence. The reporter of the Daily Express adds that " The first part of the proeession was formed by about a hundred and ten women, walk ing in regular lines, four and five abreast, and carry ing in their hands green boughs, which they occa sionally waved, as if in a species of defiance of the police, confident that they might do so with im punity. No man or boy ventured to carry any emblem, and the male portion of the procession generally walked with a good deal of irregularity. The coffin was borne on the shoulders of the people, the white-plumed hearse, the emptiness of which was made conspicuous by its glass panels, following behind. According to the usual custom when it is intended to show respect to the memory of the dead, there is a shutter or two left standing up in each shop window of the town. A bell is at this moment tolling the knell of a lady who has died at her re sidence, about three miles distant from Mitchels town, but I am told that the half-closing of the shops in the town is to honour the dead Fenian, whose funeral procession has just passed up the street." A man named Terence Kelly was arrested yester day morning at Clonskeagh, by the police of the E division. Ile is stated by the police to be one of the party who attacked the constabulary station at Glencullen, upon which occasion, they say, he was armed with a rifle. Previous to the attack on Glen cullen, it may be recollected that four of the metro politan force and five of the constabulary were cap tured by the Fenians. They were subsequently re leased on the police in the barracks consenting to give up their arms. It would now appear that one of the policemen who was prisoner on that occasion recognised Kelly and took him into custody. The prisoner was removed to Kilmainham. The following Roman Catholic clergymen have been served with a summons from the Speaker of the House of Commons to appear without delay be fore the select committee of the house at present en gaged in trying the merits of the petitions presented against the return of Capt. the Hon. Chas. White, and haveleft for London :—The Rev. John Scanlan, P.P., Toomevara ; Rev. Joseph Magrath, P.P., Silvermines ; Rev. Eugene Malone, P.P., Puckane; Rev. Cornelius O'Brien, P.P., Lorrha ; and the Rev. Con Gleeson, R.C.C., of Portroe. On Monday night the steamer leaving Dundalk for Liverpool was crowded with emigrants, all of the farming class, and apparently persons in a comfort able position, being well dressed, and having with them large heavily laden boxes. The scene at the de parture of the steamer was affecting. The deck was crowded. There were at least 120 persons, young and old, and numbers of them were bitterly weeping as they bade a last farewell to their friends on shore. Trades' Union Commission. The commissioners held their fourth, and first open, sitting yesterday, at Park-prospect House, Westminster ; Sir NV. Erle presiding. Mr. T. Connolly, mason, was the first witness examined in respect to the 11th rule of the Masons' Society, called the " chasing" rule, which prohibits any member performing more than a certain amount of work in one day. The witness explained that it was a rule adopted by a vote of the society three years since, and was passed for the following reasons —Some employers, when they found a man in their employ possessed of superior physical strength, had been in the habit of encouraging that man, by an allow ance of 6d. per day extra, to perform as much work in one day as his strength would enable him to per form, and then expect all the other men in the shop to do the same amount. This system had been found to act injuriously to the health of the men, generally overtaxing their powers of endurance, and it was to put an end to this system that what was called the " chasing" rule had been introduced. There was nothing in the rules of the society to prevent an employer, if he felt so inclined, giving extra wages to a man of more than average skill. The society discouraged piece work as having a tendency to reduce wages, and they opposed overtime as injurious to health. The society, however, did not forbid working overtime when the job required it, but claimed for all such overtime payment at the rate of time and a quarter, which had to a great extent done away with the system of systexatic overtime formerly so common in the trade. Mr. E. Coulson, secretary of the London Brick ayers' Society, was the next witness. He said the head-quarters of the society were in London. It had 96 branches spread over the country, con taining about 5,700 members. Its reserve fund in December last was £3,200. Its annual income was about £2,700--the members paying 3d. per week. Its objects were to support men out of work, with the approval of the society, the relief of tra velling members, and the burial of deceased mem bers and their wives. The amount paid by the society for strikes during the last six years had averaged about £3OO per year. There was no restriction by this society against a brick layer using both his hands in laying bricks, or compelling him to use his trowel in oue par ticular hand. Statements that had been publicly made to this effect were totally untrue. He had him self used both hands in laying bricks on what was called inside work,but where good workmanship was required—as in erecting an outside wall— it was im possible to use both hands in laying the bricks. The society would not dream of interfering with any man for using both hands, in laying bricks. The society objected to piece -work, as it occasioned work to be scamped; but there was no rule against it, neither against over time, nor apprentices, though both were dis couraged. When a job was in dispute the society picketed the premises by placing men on duty out side to dissuade men from seeking work there pending the dispute; but it did not encourage any intimidation. If a man violated the rules of the society the members would not refuse to work with him, but he would be sent to " Coventry." The society were in favour of arbitration, but the diffi culty was to obtain arbitrators in whom both mas ters and men would have confidence. 'They had a standard rate of wages fixed by the society, but no man of superior skill was prevented obtaining more if the employer would give it. Mr. G. HOWELL, a member of the same society, gave similar evidence. He had been several years a foreman, and had often paid extra wages to men of superior skill, but it was a practice discouraged by the employers generally. I.le considered himself a man of superior skill, and thought the system of having a fixed minimum of wages had operated to his advantage and to all like him. _ _ Mr. C. WILLIAMS, secretary of the National As sociation of Plasterers, was then examined. His executive committee sat at Liverpool. This so ciety had 128 branches, with about 8,000 mem bers. The number of members doubled within the last two years. The objects of the society were the protection of the trade and the relief of mem bers in sickness, with a burial fund attached. By the protection of trade he meant the shortening the hours of labour and the raising of wages. Individu ally he would prefer a reduction in the hours of labour to a rise in wages, as more beneficial to the men. The society looked after the interests of mas ters as well as those of the men. He gave several instances of this ; amongst others the case of Mr. Griffiths, who, iu August last, was building two large hotels at Aberystwith. The men employed on the job struck for a rise; of Is. a week. The commit tee investigated the case, and, finding the men were in the wrong, requested them to resume work. The men refused, whereupon the committee supplied the builder with fresh men from Liverpool, by which he was enabled to finish his work. No branch could strike without the sanction of the committee after due investigation. If the men struck without the consent of the committee they did not receive strike pay. The society men worked under a fixed minimum rate of wages. The examination of witnesses fcr the day was here concluded. The Chairman said if the commissioners did not desire to go to Sheffield to open inquiry . there as to the alleged outrages, the Home Secretary was pre pared to send another cotnmission for that purpose. The commissioners thought the latter would be the best course, and the Chairman said he would com municate with Mr. Walpole to that effect. The inquiry was then adjourned. The Saturday Afternoon Concerts at the Crystal Palace. The directors of the Crystal Palace are leaving nothing undone to render their Saturday After noon Concerts the most attractive of the season. That they are so is very conclusively proved by the immense crowds that week after week throng the concertroom. On last Saturday it was hardly possible to obtain a seat or even standing room, in consequence of the performance, for the first time, at the Crystal Palace, and for the third time in England of Schumann's " Paradise and the Peri ;" the legend on which Moore founded his most exquisite poem, is of Persian origin. In the refined and romantic mythology of Persia, the Penis . are equivalent to the Genii of the Arabs, and the Fairies of the Western World ; but they are more ethereal and less grotesque than either of these, less of the devil than the former, and more of the angel than the latter. They are good, and, with the exception of the angels, the most beautiful of beings. Driven from Paradise, they became inhabitants of the air, occupying themselves in good offices to men, and subsisting on sweet perfumes. The subject of the cantata is the attempt of a Peri to re enter Paradise— " The Peri yet may be forgiven Who brings to this eternal gate The gift that is most dear to heaven!" Twice is she rejected, when her offerings, the last drop of blood shed by a hero in the holy cause of liberty, and a life given for pure self-sacrificing love, are not considered sufficiently holy ; but, on the third attempt, when she presents the re pentance of a sinner, she is successful, and once more re-admitted to Paradise. The story is one which, in its grace and refinement, and in a certain mystic ideality, must have been peculiarly attractive to the genius of Schu mann, of whose music those qualities are so re markably characteristic. He appears to have first entertained it in 1841, though it was not till two years later that he seriously set to work on the composition. The words were translated from the original, either by Schumann himself or one of his friends, and were, of course, necessarily altered to suit the draniatic form into which he threw the story. They have been since retranslated, and, it is hardly necessary to add, that it would now be difficult to recognize Moore's original charming version. With regard to the music, it is beyond doubt a most remarkable work, and there is, perhaps, no one who would have been more successful in the treatment of a subject so fanciful and mystical except Mend elssohn. It is throughout full of the most beautiful conceptions and striking passages ; but here, in a greater degree almost than in any other work of Schumann's, we recognize his want of power in developing ideas. Often during the progress of the cantata we were absolutely startled by a few opening bars, introducing a theme as delicious as it was unexpected, and seducing the mind to that repose which is so de lightful in the contemplation of a beautiful move ment. Suddenly the composer, either from sheer inability, or from a peculiarly constituted mind, lost sight of his original intention, and wandered into that region of mysticism too frequently digni fied by his disciples by the name of elevated beauty. With this one exception, Schumann's " Paradise and the Peri," is not only beautiful but grand. The one wail of the Peri so con stantly recurring— " Ali, Eden ! ah, Eden! my heart pants for thee, Oh, when will thy portals be open to me," is one of those inspirations that could have never been surpassed and haunts one constantly. Again, the solo and chorus, " Sleep on and dream in the odour of rest," though not possessing the wild originality of the former, is a most exquisite piece of writing, and intensely dramatic. Only a master could have produced it. As descriptive music it is almost unequalled, and it was unani mously and most deservedly encored. Coming to the performance, we must cordi ally say that no better interpreter of the music of the " Peri " could be found than Madame Lemmens-Sherrington. She possesses a most beau tiful voice that always arrests the attention by its extreme freshness and (not an attribute unfortu nately of all artistes) its invariably tuneful quality. She eminently belongs to that pure and exqui site school that numbered among its disciples Sontag and Jenny Lind, but is now fast passing away, and has at the present day but two or three representatives. In addition, Madame Lem mens-Sherrington is undoubtedly one of the most thorough musicians of the present time. Barely recovered, as we were informed, and could easily perceive, from an extremely severe cold, the diffi cult music of Schumann's " Peri," was on Saturday a very trying ordeal for her ; but her b si e ng ( i i n es g s ire l d irr ti i l s a e n d w e v , h e i r y e h o n g r e e a a n t d e r w p a r s a i a s l e l t c h a a n t n c o o t u c be l given. liss Shewas Robertine su in ppciertedderbsoyn, who bothMissJulia Elton andhave pleasing voices, but who, as singers, are yet ex tremely young and have much to learn. The music allotted to Mr. Cummings was not very telling or grateful, certainly not effective, but he sang throughout in his usual good style. Mr. Lewis Thomas was heard to great advan tage. The chorus sang unusually well and with very great accuracy, and, as a matter of course, Mr. Mann's orchestra played to perfection and like the splendid musicians they are. The concert on Saturday was certainly the most brilliant and successful we have had during the present season. British Army Reform. Sir CHARLES TREVELYAN has reproduced as a pamphlet, his five letters to the Daily News on Army Reform. Ile brings a broad, liberal mind, lengthened practical and official experience, together with an intimate knowledge of detail, to bear upon the subject, which is of greater importance than is generally supposed. The British army system is rotten to the core. It embodies more that is objectionable both in theory and in practice, than any other institution of the country. It is an inheritance of the worst times of English corruption, legalised by custom, and continued with scarcely an effort at reform. It is only lately that Line Regiments beyond a few thou sand men, served in England—the army being re moved from popular observation by its foreign duties ; and thus abuses have been maintained, wholly opposed to the spirit of our institutions. Fairly to represent a nation, an army should em body all classes of the people ; but the British army only represents two. The officers come from the highest, the privates enlist from the lowest, and the system Sir CHARLES condemns fosters and maintains the disparity, placing between these extremes an im passable barrier. The absurdity is committed of basing the supply of recruits on their voluntary act, while every inducement ti.) volunteer is withheld. It is a well-known fact that men of energy, spiced with a little ambition, will not adopt a calling which holds out no prospect of advancement; which sub jects its members to stringent restraints and in fringements on their liberty ; giving them in return but a bare pittance, condemning them to an exile extending over three-fourths of their service, with out the gain that gilds and rewards a voluntary exile's lot. The difficulty of obtaining recruits grows steadily, and has now assumed serious pro portions. An attempt is being made to meet this difficulty by patching—adding little bits to the per quisites and pay of the soldier. These efforts are, however, futile, and must end in failure. The system requires a radical reform. It is opposed to the whole spirit of English institutions, which daily grow more liberal, and if it could be maintained—which it cannot, for it must break down of its own weight unless re formed—it would end in a glaring and ridiculous contrast. Englishmen demand a voluntary system for their regular army. The supply under a volun tary system calls for strong inducements ; to main tain the voluntary system the strong inducements must be given. Although the deduction is clear the Government endeavours to avoid it, and seeks to maintain the army on a plan which must necessarily, and indeed has ended, in failure. The way in which recruits are obtained is simply dis graceful to a civilised nation. The late Mr. GOD LEY, who for several years held the highest per manent post in the War-office, c mdemned it in the strongest terms. " I believe that system," he said, "to be essentially evil, based on falsehood and fraud, and tending directly to infinite immorality. I believe that no thoughtful man can have observed the scenes that take place daily and nightly at the taverns frequented by our recruiting staff, or the head-quarters of a militia regiment on the day that volunteers for the line are called for, without feeling shame and disgust that such proceedings should form part of the recognised machinery of the British military service." Sir CHARLES says " the recruiting of the army is conducted entirely in public-houses, to which the recruits are inveigled by bringers,' who are Crimps' of the worst description, touting about in all the lowest haunts of a town." Failing, therefore, in proposing in ducements which honest and sober men can by a free exercise of their judgment accept, this great nation descends to the lowest form of trickery and imposture. The consequence is that they get together an army which it is found impossible to keep together. In 1858 twenty-nine per cent. of the army at ham had their names inserted in the Hue and Cry as deserters, or 20,360 men out of 70,000. Of these 18,212, or 33 per cent. to strength, were from the line. In order to prevent the army from disbanding, flogging was re-enacted in the Mutiny Act of 1859, with a special applica tion to desertion, and the punishment now known as " branding" was directed to be inflicted with increased particularity. The present Minister of War has, under pres sure of the House, introduced a motion to expunge the clause, and flogging in times of peace will be restricted to the crimes of mutiny, aggravated in subordination, and disgraceful conduct of an inde cent character, and even then will only be applic able to the few men in the army whose previous misconduct has reduced them to the second class. The lash, therefore, can have no further terror for oof all expensive nations the deserter. Nor d oes th e w h o l esa l e d esert i on re present the chief los s t o t h e country. The British army i in the world. in tho se It stands rity o f alone among the most those its foreign service. Enormous sums are demanded from the taxpayers to meet the expenses of the transport and support of the British soldier iu tropical countries. It is above all things necessary that the men should be hardy in consti • tution, and of careful and sober habits, to maintain their effi ciency under every vicissitude of climate, when the expense of placing them in distant stations has been so large. Every loss by death and invaliding, re presents a large sum sunk. Yet the system now in force directly aims at securing the most dissolute, reckless, and worthless class, those most calculated under the circumstances to fill the hospitals and graveyards. Nor does the evil end here. A drunken debauched soldier, whose iron constitution defies alike climate and dissipation, is a source of weakness in stead of strength. When at large his days are passed in corrupting his comrades, in introducing into the barrack-rooms immoral habits, and in fighting against authority. But the chief part of his time is consumed in military prisons, where the substance of the nation is wasted on him, and the time of his comrades occupied in guarding him. The waste in this way is beyond calculation. If the Government has constructed the British army with the direct intention of absorbing into its ranks the most worthless class of the nation with the view of freeing the country from those that might be a burden and a danger to it, we may congratulate it on its success ; and the plan, on the whole, may not be without its merits. But if the national force, on which England will some day have mainly to rely for her very existence, is to be worked up to such a standard as will then insure its thorough efficiency-, the whole system must be changed. We hold with Sir CHARLES that PURCHASE is at the root of the evil. It may not be apparent on the surface, how the money qualification which regu lates the promotion of officers can affect the privates in the ranks ; but we will endeavour to show this in a future article. In the reformed Parliament that England must soon have, the question of Army Reform will be one of the earliest and greatest subjects debated, and such pamphlets as that on the Purchase System, by Sir CHARLES E. TREVELYAN, will pave the way for generally acquainting people with the facts. Messrs. LONGMANS, GREEN, and Co. might have published the pamphlet at a cheaper rate than two shillings if they desired to push this epitome of the talented author's valuable know ledge and experience into general circulation. — Anglo- American 7 biles. The Water Supply of London. At the Royal Institution on Friday evening the water supply of London was t he sub j ect of a lecture by Professor Frankland. He first p ointed out the importance of having a good supply of water by re ferring to the statistics of cholera, showing that the death rate caused by it in London was proportioned to the impurity of the water in each district. Thus in 1854 the rate of mortality in those parts that were supplied with water from the Thames taken above Kew was 8 in 10,000 ; in the parts supplied from the river at Hammersmith it was 17 in 10,000 ; and where the water supply was derived from the river lower down than Hammersmith the death rate from cholera was as high as 163 in 10,000. All the water now supplied to London from the river Thames was taken above Teddington Lock, and was in a comparative state of purity. In the eastern part of London, which was supplied from a reservoir at Old Ford below high-water mark, the death-rate from cholera had been very high. in consequence of the im proved supply of water to London, the death rate from cholera last year at the West-end was from 2 to 12 in 10,000 ; while at the East-end of London, where the water supply had not been improved, it amounted to as much as from 63 to 111 in 10,000. London is now supplied with water by nine com panies, with a quantity amounting daily to 108 million gallons, which is more than double the supply in 1850. Five of the companies obtain the water from the river Thames above Teddington Lock, two from the New River and the Lea, and two artesian wells. Different plans have been pro , posed for supplying London with water from sources of greater purity, one of which is to obtain it from Bala Lake, and the surrounding district of North Wales, at a distance of 183 miles from London —the cost of the undertaking being estimated at £8,600,000. From that source it is anticipated that 200 millions of gallons might be supplied to London daily. Another plan is to drive the water from Cumberland Lakes, at a distance of 240 miles, but that undertaking would involve the construction of long tunnels, and the estimated cost i5£12,200,000. The quantity to be obtained from that source would be 200 millions of gallons daily for the metropolis, and 50 millions of gallons for distribution to towns on the route. The water rate on house property for the supply from lhe first-named source would be ls. Id. in the pound, which, high as it may seem, is considerably less than the general cost of the present water supply. The quality of the water from North Wales and from Cumberland is nearly the same. The other plans for drawing water from a distance have not been sufficiently matured to deserve consideration. With respect to the purity of the present water supply, Dr. Frank land stated that th; quantity of solid matter varies from 28 to 39 parts in 100,000. The test by per manganate of potass, which has hitherto been relied upon for detecting the presence of organic matter in water, has been found to be very fallacious, as was shown by several experiments. The two principal impurities in water consist of organic matter, and the salts of lime cud magnesia, which produce what is called " hardness." The remarkable fact was stated by Dr. Frankland that no sewage matter is detectable in the water derived from the Thames, though it receive the drainage of many large towns before it reaches Teddington Lock. He attributed this fact to the absorption of oxygen from the atmosfhere, but practical men who are not chem'sts may be inclined to attribute it most probably to the agency of the fish which abound in the Thames, and are the most active river scaven gers. As it will be at least seven years before either of the proposed schemes for supplying London with water from adistance can be carried into execution, Dr. Frankland suggested that, for the purpose of rendering the present supply more pure, large quan tities of animal charcoal should be employed in its filtration. The lecture was illustrated by diagrams and numerous experiments. Strikes. Strikes show the unsettled state of the relations between labour and capital. The law is Divine that man must live by the sweat of his brow. In warm latitudes it takes little work to produce that " sweat." In cold climates the labour is harder to obtain the result, but in all that effect is decreed. The question between the employers and the em ployed is how the workmen are to live. High wages mean good food for the labouring classes, good shelter, a better and more enlightened condi tion. So far the result would be beneficial. But high wages to the employed mean low profits to the employer ; low profits end in the withdrawal of capital. The withdrawal of capital means the ces sation of employment, eventuating in widespread beggary and starvation. The problem now work ing to a solution is intricate and dangerous, and might result in disaster to all concerned—which means the whole nation. When the gold of Cali fornia and Australia began to lie heavy in the vaults of the Bank of England abstruse questions of poli tical economy were eagerly discussed in the columns of newspapers, periodicals, and pamphlets. What was to be the effect of an indefinite addition to the stock of gold, the accepted standard of measure. It was asked if the quantity of gold was doubled, and its value fell in proportion to its in crease, how were other matters to be adjusted? Was the national debt of England to be paid off in the depreciated ratio, and the holders of Consols to be deprived of half their incomes? This question gave rise to a hot dispute, and people were warned that if they lent their money for years it would come back to them worth less than when lent. They were told that land, houses, railways, ships, and such property, would retain their value while the standard fell, and th a t peop l e w h ose i ncomes rema ined sta tionary would in the lapse of time discover that what was sufficient now would become insufficient here after. '['he process being slow the effects were not immediately perceived, and the subject which then created much alarm passed out of mind. We be lieve it to be a fact that we are now experiencing what was then predicted. The value of money has in comes feel and is falling. Persons with fixed feel this painfully, in increased rent, in the price of food, in a rise of almost all the necessaries of life. Since these gold discoveries England has been well governed. Many excellent laws unshackling indus try and giving free scope to capital and labour have been passed, which have tended to cheapen all kinds of produce, and neutralise the natural law in operation. But no legislation can in the end beat nature. What legislation did for England was made strikingly manifest to the traveller. Not long ago England was the most expensive country in which to live, but England is now among the cheapest. Wander where we will increase in complaint is universal of the enormo us in the cost of every requisite for the sustenance of mankind. The greatest difficulty to which the gradual change has given rise is found in wages. Though the process has always been in operation since men in Britain ceased to paint their bodies and rove through their forests like Red Indians, it was so slow as not materially to disturb existing relations. But lately we have been galloping on, and the rapid change requires prompt measures. The increased cost of living necessitated an in creased rate of wages. Once rudely unsettled, where is the process to end? The workmen feeling the pressure, in self-defence organised associations, which have by degrees grown into powerful com binations. The individual workman was nobody, and could speak with no effect. The workman who spoke on behalf of an establishment was listened to with respect by the proprietor, for he knew there was a meaning in what the man said, and a power at his back. The secretary who spoke on behalf of a trade carried terror over England ; and the president who spoke for the United Trades, startled the Go vernment. We cannot wonder at the effect pro duced on the labouring classes when the results of combination became apparent. Trade Societies are now a power in the land, and they are likely soon to be a power in Europe which may astonish and disconcert some despotic Cotrts. The object of these societies is to bring up the price of labour in proportion to the rise of the real measure of value, which is corn and meat. So long as this new power is used with moderation, and is confined to enforcing the just demands of the labouring classes, it will tend to good. It is far better that discontent should appear openly, and in legitimate channels seek its redress, than foster beneath the surface, and end in convulsion. Through these organisations the skilled and unskilled workmen of England put forth their representatives on a platform which commands national observation. The tailor in a Liverpool alley, the shipwright in a Blackwall lodging, and the " navvy" working i n a tunnel, instead of enun ciating their own crude se n ti ments, know that what they complain of is spoken in good language into the ears of the rulers of the kingdom. Thus the men are satisfied, and cease to trouble them selves about their grievances, knowing that the the proper man is doing this for them in the proper place. Indeed, they virtually cease to think, allowing those they elect to think for them, while they act as they are directed. They are told to strike, and woe betide the man who neglects the order. When the object is attained in the opinion of the elect, they are told to work, and they do so cheerfully. Of all the Conservative creatures the most conservative is a good, steady British artisan. The power in the hands of the leaders is immense, and we earnestly hope they may use it with discre tion for the true interest of those they represent, both politically and materially. We believe it may be made the means of vast good if they only recognise this truism that the interest of the em ployers and employed are not antagonistic, but identical.—Anglo-American Times. Suffering at the South. Everything goes to prove that the sufferings at the South from w an t o f the commonest necessaries of life are getting to be simply appalling ; and, that unless something effective is speedily done to relieve the starvation and misery that exists there, that we shall soon have a chapter of horrors opened for other nations to contemplate, only second to that of the "Irish famine." Whilst some well directed efforts are making in New York to start a ship load of supp li es t o th e p eo ple in dis tress, this would seem, from the accounts that come up thence, scarcely more than a drop in the - bucket, compared to the pressing needs at last making themselves felt. To show what the people of a single district are suffering, the New York limes publishes a letter from a gentleman in Lancaster District, South Carolina, under date of the 18th, that paper vouching for the writer, as a gen tleman of high character well known in New York. The letter was addressed to the Southern Relief Commission, and says :—"This district, owing to the disasters consequent upon the war, and the almost total failure of the crops, is in a most deplorable state of destitution of the necessaries to support its people and live stock. The district con tains about ten thousand people, and not more, perhaps, than twenty families of the whole number have a supply of food for the season. There are about five hundred individuals in a very alarming state of want, and unless immediate relief is afforded many of them must perish by starvation. The balance of the population, not including the twenty families, and the five hundred individuals, have very limited supplies of provisions on hand." Whilst already a vast deal has been done to relieve the suffering thousands down there, it will not do to let such appeals as the foregoing go unheeded by any portion of the community, unless the national cha racter is to suffer for such omission. With the great North and West--as ever— filled with abundance, measures must be taken both by Gayer nment avid people to rescue the population in question from starvation, no matter by what means caused. Likely for years to suffer from improvidence, from bad cal culations, and so on, consequent upon a sudden and wholesale breaking up of their old labour system, they must be tided over their difficulties by the more fortunate, unless the matter is to become a national reproach.—Baltimore Commercial. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TRIES.—Mr. Childers and Mr. Stansfeld deserve credit for having placed our Naval Expenditure during the recent debate in a very clear light, and enabled the country to consider the Estimates from a comprehensive and important point of view. At this moment we are at peace with all the world, and likely, it may be hoped, to remain so. It has been agreed on all sides that there is no present proba bility of a naval war, and it has also been conceded that our naval force is certainly not in arrear, as far as strength goes, of that of other countries. This being our position, and there being no special obli gation pressing upon us or suggesting unusual exer tion, we are asked for eleven millions of money for the service of the Navy. Mr. Stansfeld then bids us say, if we can, what is the justification for this enormous outlay. Must we really spend so much for purely peace purposes—that is, for maintaining the police of the seas and protecting our commercial interests in various parts of the world ? It is im possible, replies Mr. Stansfeld, to venture on any such assertion. No naval man, he thinks, would allow it for a moment. Then,. what is our motive or warrant for such expenditure ? Clearly this, he answers,—that we should be prepared for the not impossible contingency of a ,great naval war, in which we might have to fight for the independence or existence of the nation. In other words, it is our true policy to assert and maintain our ascendancy at sea, and that cannot be done without an expense commensurate with that incurred by other Powers on their military forces. This conclusion corresponds no doubt with the instincts of the public as well as the traditions of the country ; but then Mr. Stans feld proceeds to argue that our practice is not at all in conformity with any such theory, and that, instead of spending all these millions on a powerful fleet to assure and establish our naval dominion, we are really frittering them away upon small squadrons and peace services, to the neglect of substantial strength and efficiency. What the public safety requires is that we should be prepared at brief notice with an overpowering naval force for decisive action, whereas we have not got this force, and are not, with all our outlay, going the right way to get it. A few years ago, when men-of-war were repre sented by wooden two-deckers, and their armaments by 32-pounders, we had only to provide reserves of men, and we were safe ; for we could then send such squadrons to sea as no rival could hope to encounter with success. But all that is now past. We have got the men—in fact, we are voting 70,000 this very year—but we have not got the guns, which are now 300-pounders instead of 32's, or the ships, which must be ironclads instead of two-deckers. Nor is our vast expenditure directed to the recovery of this lost power. It is lavished on small establishments at foreign stations, and these are the very establish ments which Mr. Childers has called in question. Mr. Stansfeld says that eleven millions a year make an outlay too great for mere peace purposes ; Mr. Childers says that these very purposes are injudi ciously considered and imperfectly fulfilled. At various points of the globe, and on a variety of pretences, we maintain a large number of ships and men ; in fact, with the exception of the Chan nel and Mediterranean Fleets, our whole force afloat may be said to be distributed among these establishments. If we ask for a more precise de finition of the service which these squadrons are sup posed to perform, we are told that they " protect British interests," or " keep the police of the seas." It is not easy, however, to understand how the former condition is fulfilled. The interests of our merchants might be occasionally jeopardised, no doubt, in foreign ports by the injustice of foreign Governments, and possibly the presence of a British man-of-war or two might produce a good effect, as at Vera Cruz, for instance, or at Jeddo. But Mr. Childers, while admitting that we, a nation of traders, may be called upon to intervene for the protection of trade, alleges that our precautions are taken not only on the most expensive, but the least effective system for the purpose. If the theory is good for anything, it must mean this—that in the event of a resort to extremities the British squadron on the station will be at hand to insure the safety of British interests. But the fact is, according to Mr. Childers, that we enjoy no such guarantee. lie tells us tha in the actual event of any such con tingency the British squadron would, in the majority of cases, simply have to " cut and run" to avoid capture by an overpowering forces. Mr. Kinnaird, too, reminded the House on Monday that a practi cal illustration of the case occurred the other day at Valparaiso, where the British squadron had not been strong enough to go into action, and British interests on the spot were left to suffer in conse quence. Nor was the conclusion drawn by Mr. Kinnaird otherwise than logical. He said that we should either maintain adequate squadrons abroad or none at all. That is obvious • but an " adequate" squadron would me an a squadron always strong enough at every point to meet the hostile force forthcoming at that point--a standard of force which it would be impossible to keep up all over the world. There remains the alternative of keeping no foreign squadrons at all ; but this would not be satisfactory, and so Mr. Childers suggested his third course, as combining superior efficiency with a considerable saving of money, THE " WESTMINSTER GAZETTE" ON THE CONDI TION OF MERCHANT SEAMEN. —There are 350,000 seamen of all classes serving under the British flag in all parts of the world. 197,000 of these serve in registered ships trading directly from or, at least, coming occasionally to, the United Kingdom. The remainder man intercolonial and other vessels entitled to bear the British flag, but having no direct communication with the home ports. Nine months in every year—for all the best years of the lives of seamen —are spent on shipboard, whilst a great portion of this time is actually served on the high seas. Withdrawn thus from the protection of the laws under which we live, and from the still more potent safe guard of a healthy and well-informed public opinion, it should be no subject of surprise that seamen suffer physical ills from which we are happily protected. It is under these circumstances that the governance of the mercantile marine becomes the subject of exceptional legislation. .The Merchant Shipping Act, wisely conceived in many respects, has remained in many important particulars, a dead letter. The very existence of some of the laws intended for his protection is un known to the seaman, whilst the machinery for the application of oth ers is so little adapted to the case, that they are seldom set in motion. Even in the most important matter with which human laws deal, even life itself, the seaman is denied that protection extended to the rest of his countrymen. When an Englishman dies on shore from accidental or suspicious causes it is alike the interest and the duty of a certain public officer to institute a legal inquest into the circumstances attending death. But, in the case of seamen far away from the watchfulness of the public eye, they may—and many frequently do—meet their death by preventible accidents, by brutality, or, still oftener, by a slow poisoning process result ing from a well-known dietary arrangement de structive to health and fatal to life. Yet, in no such case occurring on the high seas can any in quiry be instituted unless the body is embalmed and brought to land. It would be futile to ex pect the captain to embalm what would, in too many cases, be criminating evidence against himself, or against his master, the owner. Tr ue , in some of the more wholesale losses of life, where it is also attended with loss of property, occasional but most unsatisfactory inquiries are instituted, in which there are none of the cha racteristics of a prosecution, no cross-examination of witnesses, and no persons put on their trial. The unsatisfactory nature of these proceedings, even in the few cases in which they are instituted, is well illustrated by the ineffective investigation which followed such a conspicuous loss as that of the " London," and which was well characterized in the House of Commons as a " whitewashing in quiry." The infrequency of even such whitewash ing inquiries is well evidenced by the experienced of a recent convict. It was notorious on 'Change, and well known to the police, that the shipowner in question had been concerned in the wilful destruction of fifteen excessively insured ships, under conditions necessarily so extremely dan gerous to life, that, though we are not told so, it is difficult to conceive how the ships could have been wilfully destroyed by the agency-of rock or tempest without the sacrifice of human life. Yet no conviction followed this, by no means singular, criminal, until after the destruction of the sixteenth ship. Then an accomplice, who had frequently been similarly employed, dissatisfied with his share of the profits, gave such testi mony as brought his master, the shipowner, and others within the reach of the ordinary courts of justice. A conviction was thus, at the end of a long-notorious career, secured, and twenty years' penal servitude righteously inflicted. The assump tion in every case of shipwreck should be, that the ship is built to float on the surface and not to go to the bottom, and that she is intended to be navigated in safe waters and not on the top of the rocks. When the ship fails . to comply with x,."‘• these af_:_- - ariptions, and founder at sir Io shattered on the rocks, the officers and such 0 1 the crew as are within reach should be tried in the new Vice-Admiralty Courts, in the same wal as the officers and crews of any of her Majesty: ,, ships are tried by court-martial, however obvi ously excusable may be the loss of their vessel. The accused should thus be obliged to defend themselves, and if they can throw off the blame on the shipowner, the underwriters, or others , they will, no doubt, endeavour to do so—truth will be elicited, and the guilty party punished . If reasonable protection be denied to the seaman a life, such as is given by the law to that of the landsman, we need not be surprised that iu the, lesser matters of physical and moral h ea lth, and of property, still less security is afforded True, in some details, good laws have been, framed, but with conditions w hi c h h ave ren dered them wholly inoperative. The seaman himself i 9 sometimes expected to institute proceedings under practically impossible conditions, and to be acquainted with the particulars of Acts of Par' liament, couched in legal language, and contain' ing upwards of six hundred articles. But law's are chiefly meant for wilful evildoers, for the unrighteous, and are rarely called into opera' tion in the ordinary affairs of every-day life bi the more respectable members of the communiti . Public opinion, social usages, and religions influences, shield us on all sides, and exert 5 beneficial silent authority, the extent of which We hardly recognize until we are withdrawn front their shelter. It is to the absence of these gentle but powerful influences, and to the presence, of baneful customs, that w e m us t t race m any of the evils incidental to the seaman's isolated and unfriended poSition. The British shipowner is commonly understood to be the millionaire princely owner of a splendid fleet—the pride o f his country, the envy of the world. But though. there are a few such gentlemen in possession of noble and well-found ships, and a few large, and liberal navigation companies, of whose fleets the country may well be proud, these are only the happy exceptions amongst a less wealthy o', less liberal class. Ships are fre q u en tly owned in many shares by small tradesmen, retired sea officers, and other men of small means, who engage in this trade for speculative - purposes , 4 and know their seamen only as so mall, objectionable figures on th e wrong s id e 01 their account. Nay, even amongst the larger owners, few have any personal acquaintance what . ever of the seamen whom they employ. Indeed • the crews are so changed every voyage that it je somewhat difficult for even the officers to knoll anything but the names of the men under their command. Personal influence on the part of the officers is thus reduced to a minimum, and on the part of the great majority of the owners has 11° ' existence at all. The softening sway of the better portion of the fairer sex is also, unhappilif withdrawn during the seaman' s l ong absences fronl home; whilst his family, if he has any, are My known to, uncared for, and unprotected by his employers. The difficulties that surround the sailor's married life are thus magnified, matrimony is discouraged, and vice in its very worst fornisi with all its moral, physical, and spiritual penali' ties, fostered and promoted. With, too often, grasp' ing and rapacious employers who have no knoll , ' ledge of or interest in their seamen ; with, fre: quently, ignorant, uneducated, and ungoverne d officers ; with an urgent competitive rage for cheap' ening supplies ; and with strong incentives t° carry the largest possible cargo-load, what wonder that seamen are constantly lodged in deleteriou s holes, unfit for the carriage of cargo, and hardly 0 for brutes, fed on meat which would be eon_, ' demned by the mar k et i nspectors, given fOT, water to drink, an d treated with a brutality which is a disgrace to Christianity, to civilizatiol l t and to humanity. What wonder, then, if the race becomes demoralized degraded, and even brutal; ized. And if a spirit of opposition and even of enemity is engendered between the seaman all his officers, and between both and the owner The owner declares the seaman to be an un' grateful, hopeless, blackguard. The seaman be', lieves the owner to be a grinding, selfish monster', actuated by unlimited hostility t o hi s class' Both alike personally unknown to, and mu tually t ignorant of, one ano th er ; an d b ot h equa lly fault. A little more heart, and a little more ink' vidualizing interest, would promote a far bette r relation btween these hostile heads and hands the sphere of labour at sea, than any amount o' compulsory legislation. Let the owner remembe r , that, if the se a m an b e a d egra d e d an d debase': Englishman, he is very much what his employer have made him. He started in life with all the advantages of school and Church and family ence enjoyed by his brethren on shore ; he ha s been withdrawn from all these aids, and he has. reached the unhappy goal indicated, from avoidable circumstances entirely within control. These, brutalizing circumstance s are no t f oun d i n the Royal Navy ; they are n ot f oun d i n th e g reat ships companies' and in several other liberal eu m ploys; they are not found in many foreign mer; cantilc services ; and there is no reason whateve r why they should find shelter in any vessel uncle' the zegis of the British flag. COUNTRY MARKETS. GAINSBOROUGH—T lIESDAY. Our corn exchange was well supplied with wheat 04. day. F armers as k ed more money, but factors and m iller would not give it, an d a s l ow sa l e at l ast week ' s prices iv' the result. Barley slow, and other sorts as before. HULL.—TUESDAY. At our market to-day there was a short supply of Enc lish wheat, which me t a s l ow sale. In foreign notbilifc, doing. Oat s , b eans, and peas no change. Linseed 10 " 2s per qi. lower. English whit e w h ea t , 5 8s to 665; red, 54s to 63s • ' Date ' sic and Konigsber g , 65 s to 68s • Baltic red, 60s to o„--nbe Danish and Hamb urg, 58 s to 60s ; Russian, 57s to s ' a Barley, English, 36 s t o 49 5; grinding, Mediterranes'„" ' 34s to 35s 6d. Oats, new English, 26s to 28s • Russl 26s to 275. Beans, old E ng li s h , 58 s to 60s; foreign!?. to 445. Peas, English bl ue , 42. t o 44 s Od ; foreign sYD't"' 44s to 455; grinding, 43s to 44s Od per qr. SALISBURY.—TUESDAY. The attendatfee of farmers, millers, and dealers to-dal► and the quantity of grain shown was short. Wheat had b downward tendency. Barley easier to buy. Oats, bed and peas unchanged. The following are the quotatio ns : —Wh ea t rea li se d f 46, rs° 4 56s to 64s ; barley, 37s to 51s ; oats, 24s to 328 ; beans, : o to 58s ; and peas, 40s to 52s per qr. Tares, from 5s 6ci A a 7,6 d per bushel ; Best b rea d, 15d ; h ousehold ditto, 1' per 81b loaf. Flour, 45s to 49s per sack. -MONMOUTHSHIRE —TUESDAY. Since the advent of more spring -like weather the loci, markets have been better attended. Home-grown will, shows a downward t en d ency, F oreign wheat decline d . „ , to 2s per qr. Fine barley at previous quotations, and ferior rather lower. E ng li s h and foreign oats at provio rates. Beans without change. The following are the average quotations:—Wheat, r ed9 . of, , s 3d to 7s 6d p er b us h el ; white, 7s 6d to 8s Od ; infer„ d' Gs ld to 6s Gd ; malting barley, 46s to 52s per qr ; ing ditto, 34s to 36s Od; beans, 44s to 50s ; white oats, to 28s 6d; black ditto, 24s 6d to 25s 6d. COAL MARKET. Price per ton at the close of the market. J. West Hartl e y Holywell M a i n l6 6 Russell ' s Hetton... ... 1° 6 Tunstall 14 Hetton Lyons .... .... 16 3 East Hartlep00l Cassop Ships at market, 77—sold, 39. I - ADVERTISEMENT.] - Holloway's Pills. Confide- do Advice.--To all persons who suffer from bilious 1i,e 1 : 6 0 aches, disordered stomach, biliousness, or flatulency, t o t, Pills are most strongly recommended as the safest, b e er and quickest mode of obtaining ease without weakening irritating the nervous system. Holloway's Pills are eec if cially useful in clearing away excess of bile, which wet l y produces fever, unless remedial measures be adopted 10 : 1 ,0 out delay. In asthma, bronchitis, and congestion of Ti lungs, they may be relied upon for removing all darl e er and by purifying and regulating the circulation theyit tually prevent relapses, by rousing the liver to a ' ft , secretion of bile, and quickly carrying it off from the of tem. Th ese Pill s ward off low spirits, listlessness, those distressing feelings often called nervous. Births. the BEAUCHAMP—On the 2d inst., at 30, B r y ans t on -square, - Hon. Lady Proctor Beauchamp, of a son. die BYNG—On the Ist inst., a t 20, C ar lt on House-terrace, - Hon. Mrs. Henry Byng, of a son. be SUGDEN—On the Ist inst., at Wells, Somersetshire Hon. Mrs. Sugd en , w id ow o f t h e l ate Hon. Hy. bug"' g of a daughter. WALsu—On the Ist inst., at Tilney-street, Park-lf` Def Lady Emily Walsh, of a son. Marriages. ° LAWRENSON —LILLICRAP —On the 21st ult., at the Cat t, ll° Cathedral, Ply mou th , Ri c h ar d Charles laslev, eldest Is, of Ralph Crotton Lawrenson, Esq., barrister-at-laW , Martha, daughter of the late William Bryant Esq., 'lymouth. Ise BAILEY—LOVERIDGE— On the 2d inst., at St. M a ryleV ail Parish Church, J a m es , e ld es t son o f James Bailey, 13 ,01 St. Germans, Cornwall, t o E m ily, y ounges t daugbt7os, the late John Loveridge, of St. John's-wood, and . 11 " bury, Devon. Deaths. if , BENNETT— On the 2d inst., at Caversham-road, N.W.7 Bennett, Esq., aged 38. BECKLEY—On the 2d inst., at 22, Almorah-road, Islipr ton, Mr. John Bickley, aged 61. „gO 4 FORSTER—At Pimlico, John Herring Forster, Dn./ 84. London: Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDO oft of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE Butz Office, 1 1 °* Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the Co Middlesex.—Thursday, April 4, 1867.