The Sun. — London, England, 1849-02-27 00:00:00

hich it was said had been carried below the wants of the country. Mr. URQUHART concurred with the Right Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Herries) in saying that he had no faith in the sincerity of this movement on the part ot the Hon. Gentlemen opposite. The Hon. Member for the West Riding had said, that in consequence of a pamphlet written by him (Mr. Urquhart) an alarm was spread that this country was about to be invaded by Russia. He (Mr. Urquhart) now, as he had elsewhere, distinctly and emphatically denied that assertion; so far from it he had always stated that Russia was destitute of all the physical means of coercion which armies and navies con ferred, and that her mural and political. .influence over Europe would be innocuous so lon g as this country had a Ministry who knew ho w to exercise a peaceful and commercial policy against her. As to what numerical strength of the navy and troops was necessary to main tain the honour and safety of the country, that he con sidered to be a question for the Executive Government to determine, and he ho p ed a just decision upon it would be arrived at when it came regularly before the House for discussion. Mr. MACGREGOR would vote with the Hon. Mem ber for the West Riding, because he was also an advo cate for economy, taut not because he took 1835 or any other year as his basis. He could not go so far as Co say that the expense of this country could . be reduced to the extent of ten millions.—(Hear, hear.) He had exa mined with great care every item of expenditure con nected with the army, navy, and ordnance, and he be lieved that in the last-named branch there was a great room for reduction.—(Hear, hear.) He agreed also with the Hon. Member for the West Riding in every thing he had said respecting the colonies, and went so far as to contend that if we could not preserve the Ca nadas without a garrison of 4,000 men we could not keep them at all.—(Hear.) The fact was, we must retain them by good government, or lose them altogether.—(Hear.) When he recollected that these provinces contained a population of two millions, with a militia of 180,000 men, he telt that with bad government it would be impossible to hold them with 4,000 men. One suggestion he would throw out with respect to the troops sent to our colonies, and that was, that instead of their being brought back at the end of their term, those troops should get the op tion of remaining and settling in the colony. With re ference to the amount of taxation, he asserted that this country had heavier burdens than any country in the world. He believed that those burdens might be re duced to the extent of from four to six millions, but to do that suddenly would, in his opinion, be im possible.—(Hear, hear.) He agreed with the Hon. Member for the West Riding in thinking that there was:very little cause to apprehend war with foreign countries. He believed that the desire for peace was as great in France as it was in this kingdom, and that from the other countries of Europe there was no reason to apprehend war.—(Hear, hear.) For these reasons the army and ordnance might be reduced to the peace establishment, but he would preserve our navy in a force sufficient for the protection of our commerce and colonies. With regard to the taxation of the United Kingdom, he considered that in any revision that might take place Ireland ought to be made to bear her whole amount of expenditure, including the constabulary and army necessary for the preservation of the peace. He did not think that England and Scotland ought exclu sively to pay income and property-tax for that purpose. If they meant to carry out their revision of the naviga tion-laws they must reduce the burdens on British ship ping. He threw out these suggestions as the practical mode of at once reducing the expenditure and render ing the taxation of the country less burdensome to the people. Mr. ANSTEY rose, but was for some time unable to speak, on account of the loud cries of " Oh, oh!" from different parts of the House. He observed, that much of the expenditure of the country which had been com plained of by the Hon. Member for Montrose had been sanctioned by the reformed Parliament; for to what else did they owe those marauding enterprise., those pirati cal incursions, and levyinga of war in the interest of Spain, but to that Hon. Member and his friends, who from 1833 to 1840 swelled the majorities of the Noble Lord the Secretary for Foreign Affairs? By whom was the war in China denounced but by the party now and then occupying the Opposition benclies? So also with re spect to the Affghan war, and the war in Syria. The question was, whether they could afford to reduce their present establishments? Considering the statistics which had been produced by the miserable mi nority that now represented the Manchester school, he felt it would not be safe to do so, and that it was the duty of every well-wisher of his country to oppose the amendment. Colonel SIBTHORP said he should feel it his duty to vote against the motion of the Hon. Gentleman the Member for the West Riding of Yorkshire; but vote with her Majesty's Government he could not. He could not rely upon the integrity of either—they were both equally had—(Laughter.) He thought the Hon. Mem ber for the West Riding a snake in the grass, and he should take care and nut be bitten by him.—(Renewed laughter.)—He had the same opinion of the Govern ment, and he should therefore vote with neither. (The Gallant Colonel then left the House amidst continued laughter and cheers.) The House was then about to divide, when Mr. BRIGHT rose and said, he was sorry to detain the House from a divison, but as some things had been said on the other side to which, perhaps, a fitting reply had not yet been given, he was desirous to say a few words. The Right Hon. Gentleman the Member for Stamford had read a lecture to the Members on that side of the House. It was quite evident that the out-of-doors agitation was unpalatable to the Right Hon. Gentleman.—(Hear, hear.) The Right Hon. Gentleman had, possibly, no stimulus from the consti tuency which he represented with respect to the question of national expenditure and taxation; but he begged to tell the Right Hon. Gentleman that his Hon. Friend (Mr. Cobden), his Right Hon. Colleague (Mr. Gibson), and himself, represented a large body of electors, and that those electors most correctly represented the feel ings of a vast majority of the population amongst whom they lived.—(Hear, hear.) The Right lion. Gentleman must therefore excuse them if they thought this question important, not only from their own convictions respect ing it, but also on account of its vast interest, though it might be feebly but honestly represented in that House. —(Hear, hear.) The Right Honourable Gentleman had in an impromptu speech prepared some time ago— (A laugh)—quoted a great many papers to show that ids Honourable Friend was wrong in what he had said about France. The fact was that his Honourable Friend did not say at all what the Right Honourable Gentleman had imputed to him. He did not attempt to prove that we wets taxed either more lightly or more heavily than France; but to disprove and dissipate the notion that the Republican Government of France had imposed a greater amount of taxation upon the people of that country than had been imposed by our Government upon us. But let the Right Hon. Gentleman look to the American Government. It had been said in some of the public papers that the increase cf population in this country since 1835 formed no small reason for the increase in our expenditure; but what did he find stated in a work which had been recently published by Mr. Mackay, an English barrister, entitled The Western World, a work which every Member of that House, as well as every individual in the country, would profit by reading. He found it stated in that work that from 1832 to 1836 the annual average expenditure of the United States was 21,000,000 dollars, and that in the four years ending 1846 it had increased to 22,000,000 only; that in 1135 the population was 15 000,000, and that in 1845 it had increased to 20,000,000; that, in fact, the population had increased 33 per cent. while the expenditure of the federal govern ment had only increased to four per cent. It appeared also that the whole taxation of the state of New York did not amount to more than I Is. per head, our expen diture—exclusive of jibe national debt and the civil ser vice, and including only the army, navy, and ordnance, amounted to more than I Is. per head of the population of the United Kingdom.—(hear.) It was also worthy of remark, that although the sea-board of America had im mensely increased within the last few years, neither their army nor navy had exhibited those signs of extensive and increased expenditure which we had found in this country. The Chancellor of the Exchequer had said that the expenditur e by which we maintained our colonies enabledht honourable urabie Gn ushutoo obtain supplies lies of raw material. Did the Rig mean b to assert that we obtain more wool from Australia, a had soldier s and sailors the re? or that b ecause up s p e ly we of cotton from the United State s would be less if s e - 13 ad not a fleet up on the coast? or tha t corn would we flow to us from every part of the globe, although we had not ships watching t he vessels passing to and f ro w i th those supplies ?__(Hear, hear.) The Right Lion. Gentle man bad also said th at we could not do without forces if w e were to maintain o ur colonies, or to keep up the volition of troops in India. He admitted that it was a monstrous thing that we should send out bodies of men to Indi a , to be kept there (such of t hem as lived) for 20 or 25 Years. But, why were they sent out? Why, he would ask, had we 8,000, or 9,000, or 10,000 soldiers in Canada? He believed we had more soldiers in Canada than the whole standing army of the United States. — (near, hear.) If the Canadas were well governed, as he Believed they were, we could keep them united to us by the bonds of mutual interest.—(Hear, hear.) He knew that the Chancellor of the Exchequer would be supported by a considerable number of Members on that (the Ministerial) side of the House. He begged to re mind them, however, that last year they voted with the Government at the beginning of the session on some of their measures, which before the end of the session the Government came down and told them they could not proceed with. The same thing might happen on this teuestion. The fact was, the Government did just what the country said they should do.—(Hear, hear.) The question with the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the Noble Lord at the head of the Government was not what precise sum would do, but how much would take the edge o ff tk e ag it a tion out of d oors , an d h ow much would Hon. G en tl em en allow them to d o . B y next year,perhap s , when the agitation out of doors wo u ld have become universal, they would have the Chanc e ll or of th e Exchequer proposing to reduce one, two, four, fiv e , or perh a p s the ten millions w hi c h hi s H on . F r i en d asked for. I t was o strike l entirely a question of pressur e . off ten milli ons a t once , b u t to reduce expendit ure to tlieocweest limits. Let the House for a moment consider whence came, whom they professed to represent, and what was the feeling of their constituents. The Right Hon. ember for Stamford, one of the leaders of the a g ricu a l t n T i l ve i: e ar S t i y tt — i they were a triumvirate now, he believed, „ i i, c i on _ t eould, no doubt, support th e mo Z n in o e f °ra h Hon> Member for Buckinghamshire for the relief of t the agricultural distress. But did he know what the farmers were talking of ? It appeared that th e r e h a d been a meeting at 17, Old Bond-street, but no report of its proceedings appeared in the Protectionist papers. There was even a report that it ended in a wran g le ; but , at all events, they stood adjourned t o the 7th of March. When they meet, let them not attempt to tell the farmers the free-traders were playing them false.— (Ironical cheers.) They had never played them false (Renewed ironical cheering, and eries of " t )h, oh ") Honourable Gentlemen opp site had over and over said that the Right Honourable Baront•t (Sir R. Peel) i was pledged to support the corn-laws, mid the Ire e traders had always told them it was no such thing. The Right Hon. Baronet had repealed those laws because he happened to be the Prime Minister, but any one who stood in his place must have done the same.— (" Oh, oh !") Every year more of the farmers were coming round to free-trade opinions.—(" Oh, oh !") Had they not seen the farmers at their country meet ings giving up all hope of restoring protection, and looking to a reduction of taxation as a means of relief? Some proposed an alteration in the malt -tax, but Gen tlemen who knew a little better what was passing in the mind of the Chancellor of the Exchequer candidly told the farmers that if they went to Downing-street and demanded the reduction of that tax, they would be asked, " What had they to offer as a substitute ?" (Hear.) The question had been put to him in deputa tions over and over again, and had always placed the deputations in a fix ; but then they were appointed nut to propose the substitution of a new, but the removal of an old eix.—(Hear.) The farmers would naturally answer they did not know what to substitute, but that it appeared to them Government spent more money than America did—for farmers now knew there was such a country as America, because corn came from it.—(" Oh, oh," and a laugh.) Sometimes, too, they would stroll along Pall mall, and see the magnificent clubhouses in the course of erection—(" Oh, oh")—and the thought would come into their heads that 17,000,0001. was a larger sum than they ought to spend for army and navy, for the farmers were not afraid of the French, though very much afraid of French corn. —(A laugh.) No doubt there was distress, particularly in the southern counties. It was the duty of the agricul tural Members to press on the Government with the frce traders—(" Oh, ob!")—not if they did not like it—the necessity of making every practical reduction in expen diture, in order to effect some diminution in agricultural as well as in manufacturing suffering. Let them recol lect what that taxation really was They were accus tomed to vote millions as if every county in England was a California, and as if the gold was not produced by the sweat and industry of men who were as much entitled to their honest, merciful, and just consideration as the proudest and wealthiest in either House of Parlia ment. When he turned to the last three years, during which the manufacturing population had suffered the most intense misery, and when he saw how noble bad been their conduct, he thought that the present ques tion, supported by opinion so universal and fortified by facts and arguments which there had been hardly an attempt to meet, deserved the greatest consideration at the hands of the House, and that if they would not con cede the whole, they would at least go as far as they could in reducing the expenditure, and lessening the suffering of the people.—(Cheers and counter-cheers.) Mr. DRUMMOND said that the Manchester Guar dian was a great libeller, if the statement of the Hon. Gentleman opposite as to the spirit of their meetings wai correct. If the free-traders went to the farmers, the latter might be reminded of the saying—trust not your ene mies, even when they bring you good news. The grounds on which the motion was justified were a gross delusion. When a man lived in a tranquil village in COrnwall or Wales he might leave his door open, but he suspected the Manchester gentlemen used locks and bars, and took precautions, according to their opinions of their neighbours. In the same way the present ques tion was not one of finance but of safety. The) must look to the state of their neighbours. It was a delusion in the farmers to bring this motion forward as a means of relieving then burdens.—(Cheers) The free-traders swallowed the camel of 28,000,0001. interest on the national debt without an effort, but they could nut get down the little gnat of IS 000,000/. for military and naval expenditure. they ought to du was riot to diminish taxation, but to relieve the public debt, which was the only mean, of freeing capital, and it was deluding thin people to tell them there was any way of in creasing employment but by increasing the capital o the employer. In the meantime the Manchester school. not the mass of the people, were using every effort to put our population out of work, and, nu matter what Mi uister was in Downing -street, there was not one membi of any Government who dared to stand up for the English labourer against the foreign labourer, and ever) one of the free-traders was going to employ foreign labour alone, and to discard English labour altogether. The House divided, when there appeareil— For the amendment Against it Majority —l97 _ The House then went into Committee of Supply pro forma. The House resumed; the Chairman reported progress, and obtained leave to sit again on Friday next. RELIEF OF DISTRESS (IRELAND). This Bill then passed through Committee. In reply to Mr. STAFFORD, Lord J. RUSSELL stated that he would endeavour to bring on the Irish Poor Bill on Thursday. VICE-GDARDIANS (IRELAND). The House resolved itself into a Committee on this Bill. Sir W. SONIERVILLE proposed to fill up the blank in the Bill with the date of the 25th of March, 1850, a, the period to which the power of the vice-guardians should extend. Several Irish Members objected to that date, and wished that of the 29th of September next to bo axed in preference. The Committee then divided, when there appeared— For the original motion 5O Against it _ _ Majority fur the Government Colonel DUNNE then moved that the Chairman should report progress. Sir G. GREY hoped the Committee would allow the Bill to pass through this stage, and take the discussion on bringing up the report. The motion was then withdrawn, and the Bill passed through Committee. The Overseers (Cities and Boroughs) Bill, and the Out- door Paupers Bill, were read a second time. The Petty Sessions Bill, and Distraining for Rates Bill, were committed pro forma for the introduction of amendments. Mr. HEADLAM moved for, and obtained leave, to bring in a Bill to consolidate and amend the laws relat ing to the conveyance and transfer of real and personal property vested in mortgagees, trustees, and persons under legal disabilities. The House adjourned at One o'clock. ROBERT HOUDIN. - ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Close of the attractive Entertainment. M. ROBERT IIOUDIN will have the honour to repeat his extra ordliaary SOIREES FANTASTIQUES, at this Theatre as follows: This Evening (Tuesday) February 27. To-Morrow Morning (Wednesday) „ 28. Thursday Evening .. • • March I. Saturday Evening • • • • „ 3. Being the last Entertainment, owing to M. Houdin's departure for the provinces. Evening Performance at Half-past Eight; Day Performance at Half-past Two. Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, Is. ; Amphitheatre, Is. 6d. Boxes, Stalls, and TiAets for this extraordinary Entertainment may be secured at Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street ; and at the Box-office of the Theatre, which is open daily from Eleven till Five o'clock. I 11EATIi6 KOYA.L. EIAYMARKNit. Mr. B. Webster, Sale Lessee and Manager. Old Bromptoa. The public is respectfully Informed that this Theatre has, durb.g .he recess, undergone very extensive repairs sad alterations and the whole redecorated. THE SUN, THIS EVENING, Will be performed th• Drama of THE HOUSEKEEPER. After which, THE WONDER. Don Felix, Mr. C. Kean ; Donna Violante, Mrs. C. Kean. To be followed by an Arabian Nights' Entertainment, entitled CAMARALZAMAN AND BADOURA ; or, The Peri who Loved the Frince. Characters by Messrs. Bland, Keeley, Mrs. Keeley, Mits Horton, and Miss Reynolds. THEATRIL ROYAL, ADELPIII. r'nder the direction 01 Madame Celeste During the Recess this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the riginal designs by Digby Wyatt, Esc{ , executed by Mr. Sang. A dew Stage, Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved sys tem of Ventilation, &c., &c. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs added to the Seats, and Stalls rendered mere comfortable. TTIlg F,VENI Will be performed COCKNEYS IN CALIFORNIA. After whieh, the original Drama, called HARVEST tIOME. Principal characters by Messrs. 11. Hughes, Lambert, Wright, P. Bedford, 0. Smith, Madame Celeste, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Frank Matthews, Miss Turner, &c. To conclude with JOHN JONES. Guy Goodlack, Mr. Lambert ; Eliza Melton, Miss E. Chaplin. ROYAL LYCILIIM THEATKE. Under the Management of Madame Vostris. Sole Lessee. Mr. Charles Mahe we. THIS EVENING Will be performed SHAVE YOU DIRECTLY. After which, a new Fairy Extravaganza, entitled THE KING OF IRE PEACOCKS. Characters by Messrs. Harley, John Reeve, Selby, H. Hall, Marshall, and 11. Marshall ; Miss Kathleen Fitzvril nein, Miss L. Howard, Mrs. Macnamara, Miss Marshall, Miss L. Marshall, Miss Coleman, and Madame Vestris. ' a r l:pri ui e ci to ulle : Prt it a hU o S t E th D e h U ons. r.. Dress Boxes ,ss.; Upper BOXES, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. Ni PRINCESS'S THEATtI. . Mr. J. M. Maddox., Sole Lessee and Manager. During the Recess this Theatre has been re-decorated and smile. :fished in a superb and costly manner by Mr. IlurwitZ. A new Chan delier has been fitted, and the best arrangements have been made for the due Ventilation of the Theatre, and the coutiort and cenveilence of the audience. THIS EVENINCI, Will be performed the Opera of LA VIV.V.s.T.DIERE. To conclude with a new grand Pantomime, entitled ISLITFF KING HAL ; or, Harlequin and th (Charmed Arrow. Harlequin, Mr. BOlogna ; Pantaloon, Mr. Paulo; Clown, Mr. Flexutore ; Sprite, Mr. De Darr ; Columbine, Miss Fawcett. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMP,HkIci-----------. his Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty ATIIZ. Under the Patronag e of h i e ,r r ine f e sje ki st b y er t t he Queen . , 5 Royal Highness Mr. Batty respectfully announces that he hits entered intoen gagement with the celebrated American Equestrian Young dez, who has just arrived in this cou . sitrY, and whose talent t n . ; gained for him the title of the first rider in the world. lie will make his first appearance ou Monday, March Sth. THIS ETENING, The curtain will rise at a Quarter to Seven o'clock precisely to the magnificent Spectacle, by Fitzball. entitled CORA SCO ; or, the Warrior's Steed. To be followed by an inimitable display of SCENES DT TIM CIRCLE, supported by the first Equestrian talent of the day. To conclude with a romantic Melodrama. Boa-office open from Eleven till Five. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. THE LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. —DEATH OF MR. THOMAS LONG, THE ASSISTANT SECHLTART.—This gentleman died yesterday morning of pleurisy, after a few days' illness. He had been con nected with the London and Birmingham Company almost from the commencement of the undertaking, and enjoyed the entire confidence and the esteem of Mr. Glyn and Mr. Creed, the respected late secretary of the company. Mr. Long was a man of excellent business habits, full of courtesy and honourable feeling, an in valuable officer, rigidly attentive to his duties, warm• hearted in his friendships, and kind and benevolent to all who sought his advice and assistance. His death will be deeply lamented by all who had the pleasure of know ing his public usefulness and private worth. THE BEER BILL.—We understand that the Earl of Ilarrowby has promised to bring in a Bill for the gradual repeal of the Beer Bill early in the present I 'min.—Yorkshire Gazette. r HE LEGAL TITLE ASSURANCF co \IPA NT. p ro y-icionaily Itegistere , l, January ii, 1619.) Capita - - 2,000,000 i., in 80,000 Shares, of 151. each. Prelimiintry Deposit, 23. 61!. per Shcic Prospectuses and lull information may be obtained at the Tondo .11", Offices of the Company, 13a, Cannon-row, Westminster, on ap plication to G. F. HOWE, Hon. Sec., pro tern. Now ready, in 2 vols., with Portraits, 255. bound, MEMOIRS AND CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR ROBERT MURRAY KEITH, K. 8., MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY At the Courts of Dresden, Copenhagen, and Vienna, from 1769 to 1793; with a Biographical Memoir of Queen Caroline Matilda, Sister of George 111. Edited by Mrs GILLESPIE SIITTFI. Henry Celbura, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. This day is published, in post Bvo., price 10s. 6d., ECOLLEC )NS of an OLD SOLDIER; being Memoirs of Col. F. S. Tidy, C. 8., 24th Regiment, With Anecdotes of his Contemporaries. By Mrs. WARD, Author of " Five Years in Kaffirland." Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, (Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty). THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE FEBRUARY 27. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 31; Highest. 45. Noon. 43. BAROMETER, 30.08. WIND E.S.E., light hreeze, and fine clear weather. ,! W ATEtt AT LONDON tsnl~+~i►'• THIS DAT —Morning, 41 min. after 4 I Evening, 0 min. after 5 ro-Nfoaaow— in. ,19 ,fin. aite• 5 Event], , 42 min. after 5 tentn 01 :- - - - 111,111", _ 4 LONDON, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1849. The House of Commons assembled last evening at Four o'clock. On the order of the day being read that the House re solve itself into Committee of Supply, Mr. COrDEN rose to move the resolution of which he had given notice, pledging the House to reduce the national expenditure to the standard of 1835. In bringing forward this reso lution he by no means intended that what he was about to propose should be done instanter, he was not so un reasonable, he only wished to pledge the House to the desirableness and necessity of what he was about to sug gest. Comparisons had been made between the expen diture of France and that of this country, but in taking the expenditure of this country at 44,422,0001. in 1835, and at 54,185,0001. last year, it should be recollected that in France there were a number of items charged in the Budget which in England were local charges, such as the charges for religion, education, roads, and bridges; and for the Ateliers Nationaux, of which of late they had heard so much, as if every union workhouse in this country was not an Atelier National. Taking the -.est of the collection of the revenue in this country last year at 7,000,0001., the poor-rates at 8,000,000/., county-rates at 1,000,0001., the highway-rates at 1,000,0001, the expense of religious establishments at 6,000,000/., and adding these several sums o the 54,000,000/. which appeared in the Budget, it would appear that our actual annual expenditure last year was 77,000,0001, while that of France was only 72,000,000/ e and that during a year of revolution. The Hon. Gentleman then drew the attention of the House to the great increase which had taken place in the amount of these local charges. The poor-rates had increased from 4,300,000/. in 1837 to 8,341,0001- n 1848. The county -rates had increased from 671,0001. in 1835 to 1,266,0001. in 1847. He was convinced that this tendency to progres ' •iye increase in the local charges could only be stepped by general legislation—it would never be stopped by 1 the local authorities themselves. The Honourable Gen leman then proceeded to justify his adoption of the year 1835 as a standard by the example of those who, n 1816, adopted 1792 as the standard for the reduction , f the expenditure, and by the examples of Mr. PITT and Lord CASTLEREAGH. He found that in 1835, the in erest of the debt was 28,514,0001., and in 1848 it was 28,563,0001., being a difference of 50,0001., but the esti mates for the army, navy, and ordnance were, in 1835, 11,697,000/., and in 1848, 17,645,000/., to which must be added 1,100,000/. for the Kafir war, making a total of 18,745,000/. for our military establishments. The civil expenditure, consolidated fund, and miscellaneous expen diture amounted, in 1835, to 4,251,000/., and in 1848 to 6,598,0001. This included the grant to Ireland. The ,„ only portion of the civil expenditure upon which any re duction could at present be effected was on the miscella neous eat imates, and ho therefore felt they must reduce the enormous expenses of our military establishments. In 1336 there had been 5,000 seamen added to our navy on account of the apprehensions entertained of a war with Russia; in 1838 there had been an addition of 8,000 men to the army on account of the rebellion in Canada; and in 1839 an addition of 5,000 on account of the Chartist out break at Newport; in 1840 there was an addition of 5,000 sailors on account of the Chinese war, and the operations on the coast of Syria; in 1842 another addition of 4,000 sailors on account of our disputes with America on the boundary question; in 1845 there was an increase in the army, navy, and ordnance estimates of 1,700,000/. on ac count of the Oregon dispute; and in 1846 they had a further increase of 1,200,0001. in these estimates owing to the hostile attitude assumed by France on the question of the Spanish marriages. None of these causes which had led to these successive augmentations in our navy, our army, and ordnance, now remained, and yet those estimates had never been reduced, although the causes for their augmentation had long ceased to exist. We stood at this moment in reference to our foreign relations in an infinitely better position than we occu pied in 1835. We were then in an uneasy position with regard to Russia and the Northern Powers, and were marauding on the coast of Spain. With whom did we now dread a collision? With Russia, with her serfs, who would give her plenty to do?—with Germany, or with France? If England took advantage of her insular po sition, and would not interfere with other powers, never had she stood in less danger of war than at present. It was said that the establishments were much too low in 1835 ; he denied it. The Honourable Secretary to the Admiralty said that the dockyards establishment were almost in a state of ruin in 1835. That argument had been used in 1816, when it was proposed to reduce the establishments of 1796. It was said that Mr. Pitt had expressed his regret for having reduced the estab lishments so low in 1796, until Lord Grenville:declared in the House of Lords that Mr. Pitt had always expressed his approval of the reduction of 1796. lie would appeal on the subject, to the Right Honourable Baronet (Sir James Graham), whose ad ministrative powers he admired, and ask him if the dockyards in 1835 were in a state of desti tution. The time was now come when it was their duty seriously to consider whether they could reduce this expenditure. He could understand how Protectionists might consistently vote for maintaining our colonial establish ments, but he could not understand how Free traders, or those who thought Free-trade must be henceforth the rule of the country, could vote for these establishments. We had gives the colonies Free-trade when they liked, but they must defend themselves. It was said we were to make the colonies integral parts of the kingdom ; but how could we do that unless they shared our taxes and our debt? Henceforth this country could not expect to derive aiy greater advantage from her colonies than other nations, and therefore she was not bound to keep up an establishment for their defence. It might be proper to keep up such garrisons as Gibraltar, or Malta, but it was unjust to the inhabi tants of ,this country to tax them for the maintenance of colonies such as Australia and New Zealand, which could support themselves, and in which the condition of the labourers was infinitely superior to that of the small farmer in this country.—(Hear.) They must prepare to relieve themselves from the expenditure they had incurred in those colonies. Why, in Now Zealand they had to every ten colonists one soldier, armed, fed, and clothed at the expense of the people of this country, among a population, every man of whom carried his rifle as a matter of course, and knew how to use it. What did they want with troops in Australia, when there was not a single aboriginal inhabitant? He believed those troops wore intended rather to keep down the colonists than to defend them. This was a system requiring a total change, and if that change were made there would be no difficulty in making the reductions he pro posed. With regard to the troops at home, he thought that there were an infinitely greater number of troops than there was any necessity for. At no time, either in Ireland or England, had there been one hundred men in arms assembled during the last, year against the Government. He be lieved, as far as England was concerned, that had it not been for the Irish element there would have been no turbulence in this country, notwithstanding the heavy distress which weighed upon the working classes in 1847, who, aware that every morsel of food that could come from abroad was permitted to come, were per , fectly loyal and tranquil. He had heard with some in dignation that it was the troops and special constables which had prevented a rising last year. He did not be • . , 47, , crS i)1 E U "" • LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRITARV 27, 1849.7 brliev-! it ; re lievf. it, ?Ina iopoi it i k4 b M tit luntry wws • xposed tq the electric shock of the Freat:h voittlution, and they had reason to congratulate themselves that it had taken such little root in this country, and that .herefore it was their duty to be merciful. The con dition of the people of England was no ex cuse for keeping up our forces ; therefote, the House ought to call upon the Government, as an act of justice to the taxpayers, to reduce largely the military and Laval forces of this country. He would not d ell upon the advantage it would be to elmatori CC' 2.11 1 agriculture to reduce taxation. He would not read.. country gentlemen of the benefit of the reduction of the malt and hop duty. But it was no awe talking of the reduction of those duties unless they re duced the naval and military establishments. There were all sorts of taxes which different persons desi;:ed see removed; but none of them could be removed unless they reduced the expenditure. They ought to consider the probable amount of danger to the country from reducing - the forces, and the probable amount of danger from continuing the burdens; they could not but conclude that the country was in more danger of being crushed beneath these bur dens than of being injured from abroad. It might be said that we must increase our forces because other powers had done the same. With regard to the navy we were the first offenders. We had begun the increase, and now France was willing to reduce, and we should follow her example. In the cost of collection of the revenue there was great extravagance, and they might make a considerable reduction in that item. Then, with regard to the Woods and Forests, i. the Noble Lord the Member for Bath (Lord Duncan) saved by his Committee only half the 600,00001. be would enable the Government to make a great reduc tion in taxation. He would if he had the management of the expenditure devote ten millions sterling and no more for armaments, which would give him 1,600,000/. more for civil expenditure than in 1835, without exceeding the expenditure of that year. — (Hear, hear.) He was convinced that every step they took in mitigating the pressure of taxation on the people did more for the securing that at tachment of the people to our institutions and, by so doing, for securing the country against foreign attacks, than all the armaments that they might maintain. —(Cheers.) The Hon Member concluded by moving his resolution. Mr. HustE seconded the motion. A long and interesting discussion followed, in which the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, Mr. Hume, Sir DE LACY EVANS, Mr. HERRIES, Mr. MILNER GIBSON, Mr. BRIGHT, and several other Members took part, and ultimately the motion was negatived by a majority of 275 to 78. The cause of Financial Reform will be materially promoted by the debate of last night. The Hon. Member for the West Riding was never more suc cessful in the House of Commons. His speech will bear comparison with the happiest efforts of RICUARD COBDEN on the platform of Covent-garden Theatre. There was the same simplicity and earnestness of purpose—the same order and arrangement of materials—the same clearness and lucidity, and that plain and unadorned eloquence fot which the Honourable Gentleman is so eminently distinguished. The fair and temperate manner in which be brought forward his views de servedly elicited the marked encomiums of the Chan cellor of the Exchequer and the Hon. Member for Stamford. The tone of the debate too was encourag ing, and afforded the strongest indications of the progress which the question has made, and of its high standing in the public estimation. Economy and re trenchment are not fashionable topics. Sneers and ridicule would have been freely resorted to, if they could be used with safety. The elaborate arguments advanced by Sir C. WOOD and Mr. HERRIES, the finan cial leaders of the Whig and Protectionist parties, proved how fully they were alive to the importance of the subject. Men do not bring forward their utmost force, or open their heaviest fire, to repel some trifling demonstration or mimic attack. An active and vigorous defence exhibits the strongest evidence of the formidable character of the onslaught that has been made. It is now manifest that the great question of financial reform has obtained a footing in the House, that it will receive a fair discus sion, and that its advocates will be listened to with attention and courtesy. This alone is a step of no trifling consequence:; an important posi tion has been attained from whence the future ope rations may be conducted. How many years elapsed before CHARLES VinmEns received similar attention when dilating upon the iniquities of the corn-law monopoly, and the injustice of taxing the nation's food for the benefit of a privileged class. How long was it before a Cabinet Minister rose to reply to his arguments ? The task was entrusted to some third or fourth-rate Ministerialist—some candidate for place, who was put forward to break his first spear, to flesh his maiden sword against the free trade champion! How long was it before the entire strength of Ministers was put forward, and every vote anxiously canvassed by the Government whippers-in ? Free trade was virtually carried— the corn-laws were tottering on their foundation, when more than 300 representatives of the people divided on the motion annually brought for ward by the Honourable Member for Wol verhampton. Last night 353 Members re corded their votes, and the entire debate was lis tened to without impatience or interruption. Are we not justified in saying that the cause of financial reform made important progress, and that the most sanguine anticipations may be indulged in as to its future success ? It is true that the amendment was rejected by a large and decisive majority, that 78 Members only walked into the same lobby with the proposer and seconder, while 275 voted with the Go vernment. Still, for the reasons we have assigned, we regard the proceedings of the evening as consti tuting a decisive triumph, and affording a most pro pitious omen of future success. It must be borne in mind that Mr. COBDEN did not profess any expectation that his proposition could be carried into immediate execution—that the Budget for the present year could be reduced to the standard of 1835. That would take time to accomplish, the retrenchment should take place gradually. Many expenses must be suffered to die away—we cannot at a moment's notice turn 100 admirals adrift, or cashier 100 generals. It is by abstaining from filling up vacancies that the number can be reduced within reasonable limits. It is so in other respects ; undertakings that have once been commenced must be brought to a conclusion. It would be an unwise economy to sacrifice all that had previously been expended, for want of a small addition, to permit the outlay of thousands to remain worse than useless for lack of a few remaining hUndreds. Vast reductions cannot be effected by the mere wave of an enchanter's wand. They must be slowly and; steadily carried out. Everything must be patiently looked for. The great object cannot be lost sight of for a moment. Now it was that constant and unceasing desire for economy that Mr. COBDIN wished to enforce ; he did not demand immediate specific re ductions. If his motion had been carried, it would imply nothing but the attempt to bring the national expenditure within the limits which fourteen years since bad proved to be sufficient, the House would be committed to no particular course. A general prudent economy wherever practicable was all that was required. _ Many persons voted against the Hon. Ge n tl eman because, although desirous of limiting the national expenditure, they did not believe that so much as 10 ,000,0001. could be cut off, or that the " Cobden Budget," could be fully carried out. Had every real financial reformer voted for the amendment, to say nothing of the professing reformers, the minority would have been very con siderably increased. The Hon. Member for Glasgow took the correct view when he stated " that be should vote merely upon the principle of economy in regard to the finances of the country, and without reference to the expenditure of 1835, or of any other year." This was the true point from whence the matter should be regarded. We should consider the present wants and exigencies of the country ; we should reflect upon the many important changes that have taken place, and suit our establish ments to present circumstances rather than to those of a former period. Let our expenditure he reduced to the utmost extent, but also let the amount be more equitably apportioned and fairly distributed upon those who have the ability and who are i n justice bound to sustain it. This is e BLk We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. I The Jourual des Debats publishes the following 1 account of the recent occurrences at Turin, from j• which it will be seen that GIOBERTI has overcome his colleagues, and that an armed interposition on the part of CHARLES ALDERT, in support of the Grand Duke of T USCANY is imminent : " The ieterveet:on et Pe diuont in Tuscany appeared imneineet, from the ittt. ad ns manit.sted tl that point by M. Gioberti, President of the Council, and tram what has just passed at. Turin. We shed bow narra! e, with some details, these events at Turin, ).ince They will necessarily exercise a decisive influence on the res-lti tions of Rome and Fiore nee. In et, der to bring back internal peace and cru liberty, and in order to restore ro the national cause 01 Italian independence the lessee turned away from that object by civil discord, M. Gru berti, on the 19th, proposed in the Council or Ministers an intervention in Tuscan), in order to re-. stablish there the Prince and the constitutional regime That proposition was strongly opposed by all M. Giob , rti's colleagues, .xcept M. Rattizzi. They declared that such a measure would excite in the majority of the Chamber of Depu ties the most violent tumult, and, in tact, that majority has already more than once given proofs of its ultra democratic tendency. M. Giuberti insisting in his pro position, his colleagues appeared to yield, but they demanded, by way of compensation, that the Roman Re public should be recognised. This M. Gioberti formally refused, fur to do so would have been to act in contra diction to his principles and his recent manifesto, which has done him so much honour. The next day, M. Gioberti, not being able to remove the grave difference which existed between him and his colleagues, sent in his resignation, as did M. Ratazzi. That intelligence, when it became known in the city of Turin, was received with a universal sentiment of regret and disquietude. The patriotism of M. Gioberti, the decided services which ho had rendered to the cause of national independence, and his late declarations in the Parliament in favour of real liberty, and against the wild follies of the Republicans, had gained him throughout Piedmont a great popularity. His unexpected resigna tion was looked on as a public calamity. All the classes of the population collected in the streets, discussing the retirement of M. Gioberti, the causes which led to it, and the opposition of his colleagues and of the Republican party to his policy. 'I he intervention was approved of doubly, under a social and under a military point of view. If we do not enter Tuscany,' said they, " the Austrians will be beforehand with us, and will oc cupy against ourselves a strategic line which the Tuscans are not in a state to defend.' Soon after a great manifes tation took place spontaneously, and the people prcceeded en masse to the square del Costello, crying Long live Gioberti!' Long live the Kingl" Down with the Re publicans!' M. Gioberti appeared at the balcony of his hotel and addressed the people, thanking them for this marked approbation of his principles. He declared that he could not remain in power except on the condition of persevering in his policy, and of keeping apart from the fierest errors which troubled Central Italy, and that the confidence of the people was the best support that his conscience could desire. After the ovation thus paid to M. Gioberti, the crowd proceeded to the re sidences of M. Valerio and M. Brufferio, ultra-leaders of the Ultra. Democratic opposition in ihe Parliament, and both editors of journals, suspected of Republican len, A dreadful charivari was given them, sarcasms and abuse were uttered against them, and showers of stones were thrown, which broke all the windows. Fortunately, a patrol of cavalry came up, and dispersed the crowd. This day was a complete triumph for the policy of M. Gioberti, and in the end his colleagues sent in their resie..iatien.i, and he remain e d m a ster o f th e position, the King having charged him to compose a new Cabinet. It was believed that the dissolution of the Chamber of Deputies would be the necessary emse quence of that event. As to the entrance of a Pied muntese division into Tuscany on the 20th, we have not yet received any certain intelligence on th point, and the news appears to us premature, although we con sider, that its course must speedily take place. We learn in a more certain manner that the Sardinian steamer the Virgilio went to San Stephano tor the Grand Duke of Tuscany, and took him en the 18th to Via Reggie., where General Laurier was remaining with his troops. Via Reggie. is a small port, about four leagues from Lucca, in the north of Tuscany. The Grand Duke is about to establish himself first at Lucca, with his own soldiers, causing himself to be supported or followed, as may be required by the Piedmontese. Thus will be avoided the grave inconvenience of a foreign intervention—all will pass amongst Italians. Several of the old Liberal mem - berg of the Chamber of Deputies of Florence have pro ceeded to Turin to Charles Aluert and M. Globe rti, for purpose of soliciting their active aid for the re-establish ment of the constitutional regime." The Assemblei Nationale declares that the Sardi nian Envoy had, on Sunday, spoken of the entry of the Piedmontese into Tuscany as certain. The Members of the corps diplomatique (with the exception of the Belgian and American Ministers) were absent from the celebration of the anniversary of the Republic on Saturday. The National is very I indignant at what it considers as an insult studiously ofiered by the Monarchical Powers to the French . Republic, and animadverts more particularly on the absence from this ceremonial of the Marquis of NOR• MANGY. The PRESIDENT of the Republic, on Sunday, pre sided at the opening of the Compeigne and Noyon Railway. He afterwards held a levee in the Palace of Compeigne. The negotiations been the club of the Rue de Poic tiers and the central Bonapartist committee is at an end, and the latter has put forth its programme. At the desire of the President, M. NAPOLEON BoNA PARTE, although in reality the soul of the movement does not come forward publicly, General BACHELER is the ostensible President of the Committee, which has the Liberte as its organ. BOURSE—Piius, MONDAY, FEZ. 26. THREE o'CLocx.—The unfavourable accounts re ceived from Italy have not had much effect on the French funds to-day. The feeling is so completely established here, that both France and England have determined that there shall be no war, that any warlike tendency shown by Charles Albert and these small Italian states has little effect. It is generally supposed that Eng land and France have agreed as to the policy to be pur sued, and that they are determined to interfere for the restoration both of the Pope and the Grand Duke of Tuscany. Exchange on London (30 days), 25 20; ditto (90 days), 25 07k. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, FEB. 26. Boulogne and Amiens, 10—Central France (Orleans and Vierzon), 12 3 4—Namur and Liege. 9 3 /—Nortbern of France, 10 1 A— Orleans and Bordeaux. 3%—Paris and Or leans, 34—Paris and Rouen, 21 1 —Paris and Strasb4 , urg, 4 1 / B —Rouen and Havre, 13 3 / 4 —Sambre and Meuse, 5 1 R — Tours and Nantes, VA. GERMAN Y AND THE NORTHERN STATES. AUSTRIA. It was reported in Vienna, on the 20th, that the Hungarian iGeueral GORQEY had retaken the town of Kuschan. PRUSSIA. It is said that before the meeting of the Chambers, Baron BONIN will be appointed Minister of Finance, and Count ARNIM Minister of Foreigr. Affairs. The KING will open the session in person. SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. FEB. 20. The Danes made an attack at Sunde witt, from Sonderburi„ upon the Schleswig-Hol stein patrol. They are said to have driven them back as far as Atztull, and to have employed large shot. The cause is not known, and we have not yet learned the result. The Duke of AUOUSTENBURG has entered a pro test against the proceedings of Denmark.—Hamburgh Borsenhalle, Feb. 22. HANOVER. The KING has sent the following Royal note to the Ministers declining their tendered resignation : " Gentlemen, " From your letter of the 19th I have seen which vote of the Second Chamber it was which induced you to tender your resignation. Your grounds, I admit, are just, but I greatly lament the circumstance, because I do not think I could find a Ministry of patriotic men more deserving of my confidence and of the confidence of the country. Before I ca❑ accept your resignation, I shall expect to receive a communication from the Chambers, and if it be such as you anticipate, I must try whether I can find a Ministry of honest men who can submit a programme suitable to the government of Hanover, and this I conceive to be a matter of no little difficulty. " You, gentlemen, have, in your administration, laid the foundation of the future constitution and govern ment of the kingdom, with great wisdom and judgment, and I grieve for the country,that it is not to receive the completion of the work from your hands, for it is im possible for any man completely to carry out the ideas of another. " I thank you, g en tl emen, f or your past serv i ces, but i it s indispensable that you should continue the adminis tration of the Government till I can look about mo and see what kind of Cabinet I can form. Then only can I accept your resignation, and if we should be obliged to part, you will ever possess the confidence of your King. " ERNEST AUGUSTUS. " Hanover, Feb. 20, 1849." FRANKFORT. The following section or the fundamental law was adopted by the German Parliament on the 2.3 d : " Every German who is entitled to give a vote is also eligible to be elected to the Assembly, provided he has completed L.s twenty-fifth year, and has belonged for at least three years to a German state." GALICIA. LEMBERG, FEB. 11.—Since our last report, 100 villages in the twelve circles of the country, contain ing a population of 118,137 inhabitants, have been visited with 6,189 cases of cholera; of these 3,415 have recovered, and 2,449 proved fatal, 324 being still under treatment Wiener Zeitung,Feb. 21. V I The Grand Duke - hal; pro::ested avinst p;:tched copies of his protest to all the Courts of Europe. Ihe foreign diplomatic corps have all left Florence to join the GRAND DUKE, who is at Villa Reggio. The union of the Tuscan and Roman Republic has been proclaimed, under the name of the Central Republic of Italy. Rome is the capital of the new Republic. Toe Prince of CANINO has been named President of the Constituent Assembly. in the rot.m of Signor SAlrt. The li. , itiati Ministry preseoted, oo th- 17 a prograt:.me of their policy to the Assembly, of which the following is an abstract : The policy of the Republic should be in a frank, eonciliatory, and worthy, anti truly democratic spirit; ar,d, above ail things, they should promote the estanli.,h- Went of the Italo..n Coustituent. In unison with the Constituent they would c..irry on tin- war. and would not cease to do so until they had brought it to a prosperous issue. The) should, with this view, orgailze these gd lant bands who were ready to exhibit the valour anti spirit of warriors and uatriuts in deli nce of their countrk and in the sacred cause of liberty. The war ended. the Government would do all in their power to cherish the arts and sciences as the sure sources of na tional grandeur. Public instruction should be careful! \ given, but this should no longer be lett in the hands of the clergy, who ought to confine themselves solely to the discharge of their sacred functions. This conclusion they had come to. as they were satisfied that the present system was pregnant with evil. Social questions would occupy a large share of their attention. That liberty, they said, that does not ameliorate and comfort the greatest number, is a bastard liberty. The poor, that numerous class, who had been left in the lowest degradation by the ancient society, should be the objects of their assiduous care, and it would be their especial duty to cure their physical ills and pre pare them for a moral regeneration. Property should be placed under the safe g u a rd of the R e public. 'Liberty, of worship, and perfect tolerance and freedom of opinion should be granted, with security to person aad pro perty, even of those who were opposed to them in their principles and views. Acting on these principles, their Republic would be entitled to the regard of Italy and of Europe." The Risorgimento announces the occupation of Ferrara on the 19th by a corps of 10,000 Austrians. CRIMINAL COURT.-(THIS DAY.) OLD COURiI (Before the RECORDER and Mr. Alderman Gums.) Robert Duncan, a young man about 23 years of age, Mary Duncan, described as a sit,gle woman, a few years his senior, and Pierce Wall O'Brien, apparently about 45, surrendered to take their trial, on a charge of con spiracy to defraud the London and North-Western Rail way Company, with a view to obtain money by false pretences. _ _ Mr. Clarkson prosecuted; Mr. O'Brien defended t} ,e prisoner Mary Duncan; Mr. Metcalfe defended O'Brien; and Robert Duncan was undefended. It appeared from the opening statement of the counsel who prosecuted, that on the sth of September last, very early in the morning, the mail train from York to Lon don was travelling on the London and North-Western Railway. O's the same morning the down train coming up had arrived near to the Leigh ton Buzzard station, when a collision took place between the two trains, which was fortunately un attended with loss of life. On the 26th of October fol lowing a communication was received by the London and North- Western Railway authorities, representing that by the York mail train that came from York on the morning of sth Si pt., one Mrs. Duncan, the prisoner, and her brother, Pit me Wall O'Brien, another of the pri soners, haviste been in the sa me st cond class train toee then coming from York had sustained very serious in jures, for which tin/ had been advised to apply nit compensation. The prisoners, i❑ the first instance. had put themselves into the hands of a .4r. Harrison, a soli citor. who had been imposed upon by the plausible story which the prisoners related to him, but afterwards, sus• peeling or discovering its falsehood, declined to prone d further with their case. On the receipt of the letter the railway authorities directed Mr. Porter, their medical officer, to make inquiries into the nature of the inju: ies alleged to have been sus tained by the prisoners, Mary Duncan and O'Brien; and accordingly on the very day on which the letter was read at a int-sting of the board of directors, on the 28th of October, Mr. Porter made his appearance at the house of Duncan, quite unexpectedly as it respects the latter, for the purpose of ascertaining or inquiring into the nature of the injuries stated to have been sustained. W hen Mr. Porter entered the house he saw the male prisoner, Duncan. " Oh," said the latter, on seeing Mr Porter, " I expected to have seen a lawyer, not a medical man ; Mrs. Duncan is ill at this moment, and you cannot see her." Mr. Porter, at that moment, not being pre pared to anticipate any fraud, thought he heard some rustling noise at the back of the shop in which he was standing, talking to the male prisoner Duncan, and after some further conversation with the latter, Mr. Porter was ushered into the back- room, where he found Mary Duncan, the prisoner, lying in bed, and he was told of the nature of the injuries which she had sustained by the collision. Among other things Mr. Porter was told that the collision had brought on premature labour, and that she had suffered a mis carriage forty-eight hours afterwards. He took it for granted that this story was true, and from motives of delicacy, did not make any examination of Mary Dun can's symptoms. Mr. Porter then asked to see O'Brien, whom he found in another room up-stairs, and who described his symptoms to him. Upon this Mr. Por ter reported the circumstances to the board of directors, having first endeavoured to find a Mr. Hunt, a medi cal man, to whom O'Brien, the prisoner, had referred him, as having been in attendance on O'Brien; but Mr. Porter was not able to find the medical man, Mr. Hunt. Shortly afterwards, on the 2d of November, a second letter was written by the male prisoner, Duncan, to the authorities of the railway, on the subject of the injuries in question. The letter bore the address of 59, Great George-street, Bermondsey, and stated that he, the male prisoner, Duncan, was willing to accept 601. for the in juries done to Mary Duncan, the female prisoner; and that the prisoner O'Brien was willing to accept other 60/. for the injuries which he alleged he had sustained, provided the money was paid within a week. On the 7th of November the prisoners employed an attorney, who proceeded forthwith to bring an action against the rail way company, to deliver a declaration, and so forth. In the meantime the company had proceeded quietly, in conse.• quence of the suspicions that arose in the mind of Mr. Porter, to make inquiries on the subject matter of this family; and then they found that the prisoner, Mary Duncan, who was represented to have sustained all those injuries by the collision, so far from having been at York, or anywhere thereabouts at that time, that she was at home perfectly well, that she was never in the train at all, and never had sustained any injury by any collision what• vet, and that it was altogether an inven tion from beginning to end. With respect to O'Brien, the prosecutor was not in a condition ro show where he was at the time of the collision, fruitless inquiries hay- Mg been made with that view. The trial was proce,thog when our report left. .AEW COURT. (Bcfore the COMMON SERGEANT and Mr. Alderman MOON.) A young woman, named Harriet West, was in kilted with uttering a cuunlerfeit It appeared that the prison. r, on the 7th February, went into a chandler's shop, kept by a Mr. ficr4sw, at Mount oreacent, Gray's Inn-road, and purchased an ounce of tobacco and some other articles, amounting altogether to 7d. She tendered a shilling in payment to Mrs. Renshaw, who, on taking it to the light, discovered that it was a bad one, and imnudiately gave the prisoner into custody. Ou being taken hold of by the policeman, she eudeavuured tl5 put her hand to her mouth, but was prevented doing so, and in her hand were found four bad shillings done up in a piece of paper. The prisoner, in defence, denied knowing that the shillings were counterfeit, and said that they had been given to her by a man with whom she lived. The COMMON SERGEANT—That is very probable. The jury round her Guilty, and she was sentenced to imprisonment for six months with hard labour. Ann Smith, a young looking woman, dressed in widow's attire, and havi ng an i n f ant in her arms, was indicted with three distinct cases of uttering counterfeit coin—on the 27th of January, of uttering a shilling, upon James Grant, greengrocer, Clerkenwell; on the Bth of February, of uttering a half-crown upon George Reed, coal-dealer, Wilson-street, Clerkenwell; and on the 10th of February, of uttering a sovereign upon a Mr. Wiseman, a broker, in Clerkenwell. The latter case led to her detection. She purchased a bedstead, and gave the sovereign in payment. A man was waiting outside, who carried the bedstead away, but some suspi cion having arisen in the mind of the broker, the woman was pursued and taken into custody, The man suc ceeded in getting away. Mr. PAYNE, for the prisoner, denied that her identity i❑ the first two cases had been proved, and said with respect to the latter case, that she was not aware that the sovereign was other than a good one. The COMMON SERGEANT having summed up, The jury found a verdict of Not Guilty. Mary Francis, a young married woman, was indicted with uttering three counterfeit half-crowns. The jury found a verdict of Guilty, but recommended her to mercy on account of her previous good character. A man, who called himself the prisoner's husband, said, the witnesses had been entirely mistaken in her identity. The COMMON-SERGEANT.-Fully believing, prisoner, that you were the instrument in the hands of another I will not mention, but who, I am sure will be here one of these days, and whom, if he does come, I assure I shall take care of, I will only sentence you to three months' imprisonment in the House of Correction. The prisoner left the deck very much affected. Several other minor Mint prosecutions were tried in the course of the morning, but none of them possessed any feature of importance. LLOYD'S 6HIPPIN 6.—(THIS DAY. LONDON, FEB. 27.—Wind E.S.E., light breeze, and fine clear weather. STATE OF WIND AND wEATIIER AT THE PROVINCIAL PORTS THIS MORNING, AT 9 A.M., Colchester S. s' ~ fine. Ghegow S, W. by W., frosty. Glouces,tr N.N.E., f rosty. Gosport Leith Lowesteffe N. W., frosty. Liverpool Newcastle Portsmouth Yarmouth N.W., rule. M. 2 :~~ DLAt., 26.—Wi Castle, .Nladras; Pilgrim, Clark, Cuba, both for bul.,n. Sld. Newcastle; Planet, ditto. Arrd. from the River and ski., Lady Peel, Frawr, Sydney, New South Wales; India, Campbell, Bombay; Surthatnby, Jenning, ditto; Gratitude, Aden; Alexandrine., Fateo,er, Algae Bay; Champion, Steel, Rio Janeiro; Qui en of the T)ne, Clark, Buenos Ayres; Ruby, May, St. Vincent's; Prince Albert, Meyer. New York. LONDOND7ERRY, - FEB 23. --Amt. Java, Duffy, St. B•unvwi k. E PETE RHEA D, FEL 25. -S.O. , I i TINe, LIVERPOOL. FEB. 26.—Wind N.E —Sid. 21st. Red 13 0 —, Wihningion, Cri.itert St aft.s , 26. re. , Aiii,ruerce, Sagua, La Grande; Saxony, New Orleans; Brandon, d Ito; Ei!en, savant at]; Rob R y, Virginia; Franklin, B iAiitnote; Ar.sbelh, Nk, , , York; Jonn S. de Wolf, tato; Bellona, Halifax; Medora, ditto; Architned , 5, Nevvfoun , iland; Roam', Senegal; Plyinou.h, Halifax. 26. Plata, Buenos; Ayres; Willi m Fisher, Janeiro; E-irl of Durham. Bahia; Irene, Pernambuco; Sesustris, Maranhatn; Jane, Antigua; Express, St. Thomas and St. Domingo; Caroline, La Gila) ra; Buena Nista, New Orleans ; Cornelia, Batavia ; Ann and Jane, Singa pore ; Courier, Calcutta ; Linton, Calcutta ; Bland, Calcutta ; Duke of Lancaster, Bombay ; Robins, Bombay; Belle Isla, Cape of Good Hope ; Belle, Africa; Rothesay, Africa; Plata, Buenos Ayres; Wiltiam Fishatt Rio Janeiro ; Dauntless, Apalachicola ; Cainiltus, Sa vannah ; Intrinsic, Savannah ; J. C. Calhoun, New Yurk ; Jane, Wilmington, United States. HULL, FEB. 26.—Wind N.N.E.—Arrd. Royal Vic toria, Hunter, Savannah. SWANSEA, FEB. 26.—Wind E.N.E.—SId. Jenny Jones, Adelaide, South Australia. NEWPORT, FEB. 26.—Wind N.E.—Sld. 25th, Adolph Werner, St. Thomas; Catherinde, Minde, St. Thomas Apollo, Havannah. GLOUCESTER, FEB. 26.—Sld. 25th, Emu, Calcutta. PLYMOUTH, FEB. 26.—Wind E.—Sld. 25th, Ben Accord, Calcutta. SOUTHAMPTON WATER, FEB. 27.—Arrd. Severn steamer, West Indies. DEAL, FEB. 26.—511. Victor, Hobart Town ; Alice Maud, Port Natal ' - Lalla Rookh, D emerara ; S uper ior, Demerara ; Ellen, Trinidad. OPEN-AIR MEETIN G in COVENT GARDEN.—(THIS DAY.) An open-air meeting, which had been called by the High Bailiff, was held this day in Covent garden, to take into consideration the treatment of pauper children. A platform was erected in front of Saint Paul's Church, for the accommodation of the speakers and the re' porters. There were more than 1,000 persons present; The High Bailiff, Fran c i s Smedley, Esq., presided, and said he had convened the meeting in consequence of requisition addressed to him by a numerous and most respectable body of the rate-payers of Westminster, W take into consideration th e recent awful destruction o' , human life, resulting from the system of farm' ing out the pauper children of the metropolitan parishes , which, it seemed, had received the approval and sanction of the Poor-law Board, and which had been acted upon by the various boards of poor-law guardians. The meeting had also been called for the purpose of eonsi' Bering whether the present poor-law was or was n° l suited fur this country. Several rtsolutions, condemning the treatment to which the pauper children had been recently subjected at Tooting, having been put and carried, the meeting separated. WEST INDIA MAIL. (BY ELEC TRIC TELEWtAPII.) SOUTHAMPTON, TUESDAY MORNING.—The Rota Mail steam-ship Severn, Captain Vincent, arrived her. at 9 o'clock with a portion of the West India Mail s ' principally from the Leeward Islands, &e. She bi ll no mails from Mexico, Honduras, Jamaica, o r klavannah, which were to have been brought up t ° Bermuda by the Forth. The Severn sailed from get : muds on the 13th i n ,t after waiting ne ar ly e i g ht da i s tor the Gult steamer. No intelligence of the Forth's le had reached Bermuda; the fact, however, of the WO being so long delayed is almost a confirmation of the ufr favourable news. The Severn was dispatched home, in consequence of having broken her starboard paddle shaft between St. Thomas and Bermuda. The Avon met with , a precisely similar accident near Demerara; she will consequently be the next s hi p h ome f rom Ch a gre , and Bermuda. The Severn came across the Deal with only one paddl e , an d p er f orme d t h e voyage i n 13 days; she has a very trifling cargo, and only 3, 00 specie on freight. There is very little news o f i mportance f rom th e various islands. At Barbadoes the weather was fine and the crops vourable; business was dull. The fever had re-apper in St. Ann's Garrison. PENINSULAR, MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, TUESDAY MORNING* The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Co pang's ship Indus has just arrived with the heavy tion of the Indian Mails, and &tea from Alex:taw" - 10th February, Malta 16th, Gibraltar 21st. She brings seventy passengers; specie on freigh t ' value 24,3001., and a large general cargo. Her Majesty's ship Gladiator had arrived at Gi b ' raltar. A detachment of Marines were embarked °it board seven of the steamers of Sir Charles 146 ; pier's fleet, whi c h sa il e d to the eastward °, the 19th to cha s ti se th e pi rates on the Moorish co me t ' under the command of the Ad m i ra l. A s, h oweve r, R e boats or piratical vessels could be discovered, the 11 11 „ dron re. enter e d th e b a y w i t h out b e i ng ena b led to Iwo'''.„ plish its design. By the Atalanta steamer, which has just arrived bete from Havre, we learn that yesterday the Cotton ID, O ket opened very b r i s k, an d sa l es amounted, up t o . 5 7,, o'clock, to 1,256 bales, which were disposed of at winced rates. In other articles little doing. RUMOURED LOSS OF H.M.S. ST. VINCENT' A letter from Toulon, of the 23d inst., mentions $ re. t : port of the loss of th e B r iti s h s hi p - of-the-line St. Vince° off Tangier, bearing the flag of Admiral Napier. n it THE CIRQU E N ATIONAL DE P ARIS AT Vigo LANE THEATRE.—A m orn i ng per f ormance takes P',lo here to morro w , w hi c h w ill be attended by the wb.-og of the Blue-coat boys, the proprietors h all of kindly invited one thousand of the scholars, the Christ's Hospital to be present on the ncessiv ei The performan ces w ill be precisely the same as Iti ,0 were on the evenin g o f Saturday last when her Ils.Vi t o l and Prince Albert honoured the Cirque National a u s their presence. It is quite a treat to watch thei'' , countenances of the juventles at these delightful mor tj pertormanees, which are now fast drawing to a elose: v y the pros...tit is the last week but two that the cotnr remains in London. he OPERA COMIQUE, ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. first performunce of Richard Law. de Lion, and 6 Concert ala Cour, was actendi.d by a brilliant a udit 4 j c io , amongst whom w e no t i ce d—Th e C onde de MonterCo., her Serene Highness the Princess of Parma, the . si . a o chioness of Downshire, the Earl o f Kil morey, t h e Bue'i de Ambassador, and Baroness Brut now and Mdlle. 0 1 0 de Lechuer, the Turkish Ambassador and suite, LaclY m p. Dunaterville, Lady Louth, Cointesse de Lansfelotr rain .Ryder But ton, Lord Cranhourrie, Baron Nie l ' : t 1 Lady J. ddrtll, Sir George and Miss Talbot, LadY o p Miss. Goldsmidt, Sir Henry Webb, the Hon. F. By ri• Mrs. and the Misses Standish, Mr. Henry Greville, Dennistoun, and Sir William Haste. ROYAL NAVAL SCHOOL, NEW CROSS. —Li h Colonel Petit, C. 8., of her Majesty's 50th Regime"' ifs presented the lib era l d onat i on o f 50 gu i ut as to thiii.o . Ntitution, a g ra tifyi ng ev id ence o f t h e good fee li ng e x r. ing between the tw o se r v i ces . W e understan d / b at W. Drew, who was a pupil of the Royal Naval Se-lr e r came out as Eighth Wrangler at the last Cambride rb ,4 amination, and that a t t h e h ea d of t h e li st of 1,01 number of marine cadets, who l as t wee k rece i v ed 1 . 11 , commissions as second-li eu t enan t s i n t h a t va l ua ble clot. is Mr. de Courcy M ea d e , son o f C omman d e r . I hit Meade, who has just completed his education i“ school. lier THE GUARDS.—Th e I s t b a tt a li on o f Scots FLII I 0 0 Guards will be removed from Chichester to Londo n the eat of March next, and will be replaced by tb e g ee battalion of the .same corps at Chichester on the s date. eftl o4 MEETIN G OF T HE UNEMPLOYED.—BIRMIN- Die MONDA v.--An open-air meeting of the artizans of for mingham was held on Gosta-green this afternocO t he the purpose of memorialising the Government 0 00% subject of the distressed state of the trading and w° o r oe, b classes of the town and di s t r i c t, an d " requiring d , diate measures for the empl o y ment o f t h e poor: 0011 a population of about 200,000, f rom 400 to 400 reyero) were present. The m e eti ng was a dd ressed by f le „ the Chartists, and a memori a l to t h e H ome Secretar y effect above stated was adopted. 0 AT I t 4; PLUNDER OF TH E I MPERIAL A RSENAL AT • -bot -The Commissioners of th e M etropo li tan P o lice ye , transmitted to the Commissioners of the Gusto:as b ioli partment a list of weapons, banners, models, ral' have been stolen from th e I mper i al Arsenal at vi e try and which it is suppos e d w ill b e b rought to th i s C ou for sale, and requested that the same may be O r f, r de nicated to the sever a l o ffi cers of the revenue, in -bee° that, in the event of any of the said articles haring o rfs' landed, or bei ng h erea f ter landed at their repectileP4ical they may repor t th e c i rcumstances, for the infortaP of the Commissioners of Police. the DARLEY MAIN C OLLIERY EXPLOSION• rif list of sub scr i pt i ons for the numerous families berO l o ro by the catastrophe at Darley Main Colliery, he it are oe' that upward s o f 1,2001. has been put down for this volent object. BIRTHS. On the 22d inst., at Eatington Vicarage, Warwicif'9biro, the wife o f th e H e y. H . Wedgwood, of a daughter. T , .1 , On the 2d inst., at Northwicti , the wife of the Re.. M. Wilde, of a daughter. T ., !I RO , On the 23,i inst., at Haresfoot, the lady of A. S. ' IQ- , Esq., of a daughter. ....-0"-- rf . 01 ! DIED. On the 2cth inst., at Dorking, Surrey, Gertrude Aue`li 6 ici , Hickman, widow of the late Lieut.-Colo el t7regorY man, 01 the H 0... .Eat Indl,. G,lnpanv's Service. borof: On the 22d inst., at the Rt , ciory . , Ruan Llan o)/ o f 10' Cornwall, the Rev. Richard Budd, in the 4t.th yea r incutnheucy, aged 75. London Printed and P u bli s h e d b y MURDO y0t7D.0112 No. 11 2 , 6 lrand, Printer, at The Nun Office, 1 ' 4 0 4 ° Strand, . •he Pr ec i nct a the Savoy, iu Sh. . Tueadv, Filfruary 27, 1649 ] RL Jac Rod V.: The z. J. I hal t. by %el With P( Sion •ysi has, hitu Mixt] II ti ar., MX• A t .1p --...._ I te n n, , hov Ate T 1 Oftlc fi The M Claw John Johr.