The Sun. — London, England, 1841-08-31 00:00:00

MORNING SUN. THE PROJECTED BREAKWATER OFF BRIGHTON. (Abridged from the Brighton Guardian.) On Monday afternoon a highly respectable meeting was held at the Town-hall, " fur the purpose of taking into consideration the advantages likely to arise by set ting up a breakwater in front of the town, and the pro ject of Captain Taylor for a floating breakwater, and to take such measures as to the meeting may appear ex pedient." Amongst the gentlemen present we noticed I. N. Wig nay, Esq. 31. P., Captain Sir Samuel Brown, R.N. (the proprietor of the Chain Pier), Major Allen, Captain Heaviside, Thomas Attree, Esq., C. Wigney, Esq., W. Scott Stonehewer, Esq., —Robinson, Esq.,Captain Tay lor, R.N., Captain Morgan, RN., Captain 31‘Quhae, RN., the Rev. James Edwards, &c. &c. &c. The High Constable, Mr. THOMAS FULLER, was called to the Chair. Mr. SOME is CLARKE read the requisition and the no tice convening the meeting, and also the following letter from Captainl'echell, R.N. : " Hampton Court Palace, Saturday, Aug. 21, 1841. " .DEAR Sla—l have received an official intimation from Mr. Sormrs Clarke that you have convened a pub lic. meeting of the inhabitants of Brighton for Monday next, to consider Captain Taylor's project of a floating breakwater; aqiil regret that, being detained here under circumstance:, of a most afflicting and distressing nature, I shall be deprived of the opportunity of being present on the discussion of a subject of such essential import ance to the borough. " I shall, however, hold myself in readiness to give effect to :he wishes of the meeting to the utmost of my power; and, should the invention of Captain Taylor be approved or; it will afford me the greatest pleasure to as sist in carrying out the views of Lkat talented and distill gui.!,hed officer. " I have the honour to be, dear Sir, your very faithful servant, 44 GEO. PECiIELL. '• Thomas Fuller, High Constable, &e." The HIGH CONSTABLE opened the business by saying that he had' much pleasure in presiding at the meeting. If the object for which it was convened should be car ried into effect, it would be of great advantage to the town. It would conduce to its advantage in every respect. They had now a railroad, and he thought, from what he. heard from Captain Taylor, the project of a breakwater would add to the benefit of the town, espe cially as it would provide a harbour for our seamen in the season of distress. I. N. WIGNEY, Esq, M.P., as nne of tho requisitionists for cuneening the meeting, and as an inhabitant of the town, felt much pleasure in attending and moving the resolution placed in his hands. He should not trouble the meeting with many remarks, as Captain Taylor would follow and point out more particularly the nature of his plan; but he wished to call attention to one or two of the important advantages that would arise to Brigh ton from making it the means of direct comma nication between London and Paris. He had made it a particular point to come down from London to attend the meeting that day—(Lend cheering)— considering the plan would be of vital 'importance to this great and important town. Every one, he thought, must see the propriety of something being done to provide shelter in the event of storms, qn a coast which was deficient in harbours. It was a very Treat and important object to protect that useful class of our townspeople, the Brighton fishermen ; every one know the great dangers to which they were exposed, and would readily join in contemplating some plan by which it might be remedied.—(ileac, hear.) Captain Taylor olllsren that plan, which held out an inducement for them not to be backward in providing the remedy. They were all aware that the Government commission had been appointed to make a report on the state of the meets in general, and of the propriety of forming harbours of re fuge. That Commission had reported, recommending the formation of two hundred such harbours ; but the ex pense would be so enormously great, involving an outlay of many millions sterling, that it was almost hopeless to expect that the Government would incur it. Ceptaia Taylor's plan offered a very safe and effective remedy at a very small cost ; and he (Mr. W.) thought,. knowing as he did the dangers of this coast, that it would not only be very desirable, but very gratifying for the people of Brighton that they should show the country the benefit of carrying out Captain Taylor's views in providing for the safety of so large and valuable a class of our fellow-creatures e n-(ll ear , hear.) If a break water were established a t B r i g hton,: it would increase the means of communication with the Continent. They all knew that packets going out had been de tained for hours, and even days, because there was no place of refuge for vessels to go into in stormy wea ther ; but if this breakwater was erected, it would pro vide the means of safe embarkation, and must bring Brighton into a direct route with Paris, which would not only be of great local advantage, but of great na tional advantage, shortening the communication be tween London and Paris, which, vie Brighton, _Might Then be accomplished in eixteen hones. Another advan tage would be this. Brighton we said to be a heated fui coast; but still a great atteaetioa was wanting that was foued in other parts. There was a great paucity of shipping at Bsighton, arising from the shallowness of _:oast ; and in consequence of this want of approach they lost the sight of shipping. Mit if the breakwa ter were constructed, vessels might approach the coast with greater safety ; and in stormy weather they would run in and ensure safety and protection. Another inducement for them to adopt the plan would be found in' the encouragement it would offer to the gentle men of the Yatch Club. They had tried boat races in a humble way ; but if they had the breakwater it would be a safe mooring nor yachts, and gentlemen, instead of going to Southampton, would make Brighton a place of resort, and the townspeople would see their beautiful shipping lying within the reach, and have the pleasure of their company. Taking this cur sory view of the matter, he (Mr. Wigney) felt himselfjus titled in asking the High Constable to call this meeting, and take the opinion of the town on the plan, and adopt it if it met with th e i r a p pro b at i on. A s a Brighton man he had brought the subject forward ; it was a measure they ought to take up warmly; it was one of great importance, and such as all who felt desirous of furthering the sue cess of the town ought most readily to concur in. He felt great pleasure VI submitting the first resolution. Major ALLEN seconded the first resolution, and after making some remarks on the plan, said, with regard to the safety of the coast, he would advert to its usefulness in making the town the resort of many thousands of per sons from distant parts of the country. In late years the progress of steam in this countrylad been very great, and its gigantic power was now perfectly governable and tractable. They had railroads formed in this and other parts of the country connecting them all together. Some two hundred years ago it was so great a difficulty to un dertake a journey from York to London, that a monu ment was to be found in York Minster erected to the memory of a man who, while travelling into a foreign parts,' that was, to London—(Hear and laughter)—had died upon the road.(A laugh.) At that time it took eight days to get from York to London ; but now, ow ing to the formation of railroads, the journey was ac complished in- twelve hours. A railroad was coming to this town ; it was already opened as far as Hayward's Heath, and in a very few weeks it would be opened throughout the whole line, and the journey from London to Brighton would then be performed in about two hours, which would enable the people of York to come to Brighton in fourteen or sixteen hours at the most. From Brighton to Dieppe was an eight hours' voyage ; and when the railroad, which he under sewed was . projected from Dieppe to Paris, was finished, the entiee tourney from York and all the other northern parts of England to Paris might be accomplished in about thirty hours. This was an all - important consi deration ; and connected with a floating breakwater it would be a great inducement to the people to travel by steam; and would make Brighton one of the most im portant towns in the kingdom. The project to be ex plained by Captain Taylor was that of it floating breakwater. A stone breakwater offered such res i stance that the sea breaks over it, and in some instances vessels had been carried over it by the force of the waves ; but a floating breakwater yielded to the most violen t an d tempestuous storms, let the sea rage ever so much or eve . , so high. Waves generally were nine feet high ; the breakwater would be six feet above the surface of th e water, and by yielding to the pressure and violence of the waves, and by the water being thrown through the interstices and corning over the top of the breakwater, there would be comparatively smooth water within its range. If that object could he obtained, it would be of very great advantage to the town ; it 'would benefit the country at large by protecting the coast from foreign foes, and be of great advantage to this town by increasing its trade.—(Hear.) A notion, however, estisted, that it would spoil the bathing, and make Brighton a mere commercial town. No inten tion of the sort existed. There were to be no warehouses built ; . but the breakwater was to nerve more as a refut e m for vessels to run into f rom s t orms than as a place whet.° they might receive or discharge merchandise. How the money for carrying out the plan was to be obtained was to be left to the judgment of the meeting. It would entail a great expense, but not anything like that of a stone breakwater. Each section would extend about 60 feet in len g th, and would cost about 6001. A patent had b. en obtained by Captain Taylor for the improvement of breakwaters, and a company was before the public, although, he believed, not yet incorporated by Act of Parliament, for the p urpose of carrying out the inven tion. That Company challenged public inquiry, and stated that they would contract with harbour trustees :and other parties for the formation of floating break -waters. Some outlay would certainly be required to carry the object into execution, and the means must be raised either by public subscription, or by the aid of the public companies, such , as the Chain Pier Compauy and Me Railroad Company.—(Hear.) Capt. TAYLOu then presented himself, and was received with muoh cheering. After it had subsided, he ob served, that from the very able manner in which their worthy member (Mr. Wigney) and the gentleman who had just addressed them, hid pointed out the advantages of the floating breakwater, it would be unneces sary for him to dwell at any length upon them. In deed, they had exhausted the subject, and he would therefore merely touch upon it in a nautical point of aeew. In respect to the protection the breakwater would afford, it would become a very important appendage to the harbour of Shoreham, because vessels would he enabled to anchor at all times of the tide, and those passing up and down the channels would avail them selves of the same protection. If the meeting would allow him he would read to them the details of the plan, and afterwards he should be most happy to give any explanation that might be required. The calculation s on which the plan was formed he would not then explain, .as it would take up too much time but he would ine ; stibmit them with the , , utmost confidence to prac tical men and ensineers. The Gallant Captain here read at great length a manuscript des cr ip t i on o f his scheme and the presumed advantages it wo u ld c l went onfer ; and a ft erwards on to state that the most eminent, mathematicians. and shipbuilders had declared that a breakwater con. structed upon the principle of the model then upon the table, would be one of the strongest pieces of timber work that could be put together. Water, it was well known, was perfectly tranquil at from 16 to 18 feet be low the surface; and it would therefore be unneces sary to construct the sections with a greater draught of water. The moorings for forming a harbour of refuge off Brighton would be laid down in a W.N.W. and E.S.E. direction, in about six fathoms low water. This would afford shelter from the most exposed quarters, embracing 16 points of the compass, and permit of an easy entrance to, and exit from, the harbour. The holding ground was of the finest quality, chalk and clay. The portion of the breakwater that was immersed in the water was from 16 to 18 feet deep, and about 20 feet wide ; so that the sea would have to bear against the fluting body, which would offer twice the resistance of the momentum of its velocity upon the part above the line of its floatation. The sea would also have to raise the moorings ; and therefore there could never be a strain upon them more than equal to their strength, and consequently they never could be broken, and although great allowance had been already made in the calculations for the power of the wind, yet it should be borne in mind that the wind could not act upon the breakwater in all its force while the sea was breaking over it. Nature pointed out the angle of elevation best calculated to resist the power of the sea. Witness the new stone and the slope of the exposed beach. On this principle the breakwater was constructed; the angle of re tistance was always in proportion to the violence of the sea. A section of the breakwater, being of an open struc ture, with its internal parts filled with water, and the whole free to yield to any sudden impulse, would not encounter great resistance from a wave breaking upon it. The wave would be divided in every possible direction, and its water entering the breakwater, would have to displace the comparatively stagnant water. The fluid, like the atmosphifre supporting the human frame, would embrace and support every part of its structure, and there would consequently be but little strain upon the moorings. In reply to some questions by Mr. Wilds, . . Capt. iMI•QUuAL, R.N., said that a chart had been made and soundings taken ; but Capt. Taylor's friemb thought it unnecessary to submit them until they knew what the inhabitants of the town' were willing to do.- -(Hear, hear.) _ The resolution was then put in the usual way, and carried ncnz. con. Several other speakers moved and seconded resolutions in favour of the plan, which were adopted. The Rev. JAMES EDWARDS then moved that a Com mittee of eleven gentlemen be appointed to consider the project; and having stated that the Chain Pier Com pany had promised to give 5001. towards its accomplish ment, he said he thought the Railway Company might have done the same. But as he did not find their names in the resolution, he supposed their money was yet to come.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) Captain HEAVISIDE, in seconding the motion, said that no doubt when the resolutions of that meeting were presented to the Board of Directors' in London they would do what was proper. The Company had already done a great deal fur Brighton. Mr. CHARLES COOPER said the Directors of the Chain Fier Company had taken this stupendous work into their consideration originally with an impression that the security of the breakwater would lie in the moorings, and that in south westerly gales the sections would be blown from their moorings against the Pier and do it a great deal of injury. Sir Samuel Brown, who had erected the pier at his own private expense and who was ever de sirous of improving and benefitting the town, had also enter tained a similar opinion, and had come from the north of Scotland. to Brighton at a very great personal incon venience to look into the plan ; and he, Mr. Cooper, was happy to state that that eminent civil engineer had come to the conclusion that it would not only be useful, but was perfectly practicable and safe—(Cheers)—and more than that, he had proposed to the Company to give 500/. towards erecting the hicakvvater, provided seven sections of it should be laid down. Mr. Cooper eulogized the public spirit of Sir Samuel Brown, and his culogium Pound a ready echo in the meeting. The motion was then carried by acclamation and the Committee was appointed. Capt. MonGAN proposed a vote of thanks to Capt. Taylor, which that gallant officer duly acknowledged. Motions were then passed appointing Mr. Somers Clarke Honorary Secretary and authorizing the High Constable to pay the expenses of the meeting, and also thanking him for his conduct in the Chair, all of which were unanimously passed, and the meeting afterwards dispersed. EXCISE INFORMATION ADULTERATION OF BEER.—Lord Sydney, the Rev. Sir Charles Farnaby, Bart., and a full Bench of Magis trates, assembled at the police-hall, Bromley, Rent, last week, to hear an information which had been filed at the instance of the Commissioners of Excise, against William Epps, the keeper of the Three Tuns, in Becken ham, charging him with adulterating his beer. The pe nalties sought_to be recovered amounted to 1,400. Mr. Mayow appeared on the part of the Crewn, and Mr. Nobler defended the accused, who pleaded " Not Guilty," _ _ Mayow, having stated the case, called Mr. Golding Bird, the surveying-general examiner of Excise, who stated that in consequence of numerous complaints made to the government, in July last, of the bad quality of the beer retailed in Beckenham, he, with Mr. William Millen, visited that quarter, and amongst other houses entered that kept by the defendant, who, on being told their errand, conduct e d th em i nto th e cellar. Flavin.- obtained from the p unc h eon o f b eer on draught a sample, he tasted it, and without applying the usual test discovered that it had been most grossly adul terated, and told the defendant so. This he strenuously denied, declaring that he had put nothing into it but a little sugar ; but on witness drawing his attention to a solution of stuff on the head of the cask, and telling him that the contents were totally unfit for con sumption, he admitted that h e h a d mixed with the beer a handful of salt, and two 'buckets of water. Witness knowing that colouring matter had also been put into the beer, afterwards searched the .house, and in the bed-rooni found some of .that article, besides other ingredients used in the adulteration of beer. Of the beer on draught, and that as it came from the brewery, wit ness took samples, which he produced. The samples 'were uncorked, and the stench arising from that adulte rated was really dreadful. That taken from the puncheon as delivered, was fresh and good. Mr. Hobler asked whether there was anything per nicious in the beer ? Mr. Bird—l will not swear whether there was or was not, but it was altogether unfit to be drunk, and that its effect upon the system of any one drinking it, must have been very baneful. Adul teration causes a second fermentation, which produces diarrhoea and other diseases to a fearful extent. Lord SYDNEY wished to know how long the defendant had kept the house ? Mr. Bird—The defendant told me 4 years. He said he had not been playing tricks with his beer longer than a year and a half. He stated that an old publican had put him up to it. Lord SYDNEY—What did you say to that ? You very likely have introduced this old publican to the Commis sioners before now, and caused him to be fined. If you have 'not, I dare say your zeal will direct you to him, and accord him a just punishment. Mr. Bird—l merely said the old publican, whoever he be, was no friend a his, and for the future he had better be an honest man, and deal fairly with his neighbours. Lord SYDNEY, after consulting with his brother col leagues, said there is only one decision they could arrive at, and that he was persuaded was a just one. It was to find the defendant guilty, fine the defendant one hundred pounds, and order a di.:itress to be immediately levied on his goods to enforce payment. SEA-LIONS. (From the first number of a new Paris Paper called the Journal de la Flute. In 1825 the Captain of the French corvette Victoria, while at anchor in the Bay of Tunis, bought of a Moor ish merchant two lion's whelps of the mount Atlas breed. The whelps made themselves perfectly at home in their floating hatitation ; they grew up and became lions —sea-lions as they were. Under the tutorship of Van Amburg and carter they received an accomplished education, and 'were allow e d t o go ent i re l y fre e ; t h e l engt h and breadth of the ship were equally at their disposal ; they even docile and beautifully tame ; they rolled and played like brothers with the cahve-boys, and seemed to understand all that messed. The them. 4ra ins of .I'c and tambour w ere n ot hi ng obscure to quiet At th e h our of ftView, they sat with Tn9esty at the side of' the drum, and o b serve d as the regiment &Ale& One of their favourite customs was to run to the port-holes of the s hip w h enever a strange beat hailed them. Their heads and yellow teethes then jatted out like th ose of two Gorgons, theft eyes me nace,d, and their jaws resembled two tertible chasms, that lightened the visitors. Once the Men on board were wonderfully delighted at the panic th e y cause d to n A m erican Commodor e , who, a at e t ladder, found himself face towhen face with of thtehsee At this unexpected ap into his bete, tan the whole round of the vessel to eit the opposite g fin ou d t in i g n 4i tt ice p s i e n a g r l a, l il l a c r e In :e s tie ! e r a s p o e eel c p e r r e e e m i 9 a 1. 1 re faces, contented of concentrated anger istiidmeselfbitivitthtloieryrein that lie was very ready to visit the commander, but re fused to have anything to do with his sentinels. The commodore, thus having his self importance wounded, complained to the Admiral against th e li ons 01 the 'Victoria. They were enchained ; their „ native ierocity again regained its sway ; and they were obliged to be thrust into a cage of iron. The unfortunate animals could not stomach this insulting treatment ; a low mo an _ choly succeeded to some days of furious rage, they fell ill, and soon after died, to the regret of the whole ship's company. The story of th ese Li ons o f A t l as b ears great affinity to that of some sea-officers—a strange race—of a fierce and independent character—of carriage free and degagee —of a character irreproachable, worthy in every point to be entitled Lions of the Sea. Their exquisite manners attract wonderfully in a strange land,- they have about them the perfume of aristocracy which seduces, and is as charming on land as at sea. They have no idea of that strait jacket thing, economy ; but make debts on an illimitable method. For all moveables and immoveables they have their epaulets Let our Lions run the whole length of the cable, and they are unequivocally fine fellows, but contradict in any way their generous impulses—only muzzle them in any shape, and the same result will arise as on board the Victoria—you will lose all your lions. THUNDER STORM. --W e were visited at Ul verstcne, on Saturday se'nnight, with a dreadful thunder storm, which commenced soon after three o'clock in the morn ing, and lasted several hours. A little after four o'clock th, warring elements reached their climax of hostility. The light ning struck the earth close to the Ure Mill-darn, and pierced through the root of a tree. No serious damage has been sus tained by the lightning that we have heard of in our norther' districts—Lancaster Guardians. THE AUTHOR OF " PAUL PRY." THE SEPTEMBER NUMBER OF CIOLBURN'S NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE AND HUMORIST, Contains : PHINEAS QUIDDY; Or, Sheer Industry. By John Poole, Esq., Author of " Paul Pry." Illustrated by Phiz. Chapter I.—lntroduction of the hero. At his start in life he has the rare good fortune to be possessed of Nothing. By what means he converts that property into Something. A friend to the needy, his virtue is rewarded. True, sher in dustry, and its resnits, exemplified by a brief history of a . - worthy Scot, his master. Chapter H.—Janet Gray introduced. A touch of the . (un )ro mantic. Quiddy's first love. His declaration, and how it was received. Chapter llL—High cogitations and resolutions. A - notable contrivance. A perplexing proceeding. A question for an F.R.S.. A word touching " fine" writing. Our hero a somnambulist. Chapter IV.—Our hero's scheme proceeds prosperously. The Number for September also contains—Bajazet Gag, by Douglas Jerrold, Esq. The Molten Cal', by Mrs. Gore. Ca naletti in London, and a variety of other interesting papers by distinguished writers. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. 13, Great Marlborough-street. THE NEW PEERS AND BARONETS. Mr. COLBURN begs to announce that a SUPPLE MENT to the recently-published Edition of MR. BURKE'S PEERAGE AND BARONETAGE FOR 1841, containing ALL the NEWLY-CREATED PEERS and BARONETS, with full details of each dignity, origin of the title, &e., is in the presl, and will be ready for delivery, with the Work, in the course of the Next Week. "„. Orders received by all Booksellers. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. TVS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of 6 4.7.11_ AUSTRIA having AUTHORISED and GUA RANTEED several DISTRIBUTIONS of MONEY DIVIDENDS, which (tbou4h they are NO LOTTERIES) otTer many possibilities of obtaining LARGE FORTUNES, HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH and at LUBECK, Arc now SELLING BONDS for the'said TIONS. Persons desirous to purchase for the Next Distribution' may re?eive, PREVIOUS to giving any orders, the PROS PECTUS and PARTICULARS, upon addressing, WITH PUT DELAY, a line to HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURG% or to HEINE BROTHERS, at LUBECK. The NEXT DISTRIBUTION contains DIVIDENDS of £25,000 £6OO £l2O £BO 5,000 400 110 70 1,500 200 100 60 1,000 100 90 50 800 150 The largest Dividend of the Distribution of Ist March last, TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND POUNDS, was remitted to London acd vicinity by HEINE BROTHERS, alio remitted, during a few years, 22 large Money Dividends, 'mom 600/. and upwards unto 25,0001., besides many Dividends of smaller amounts to England, Ireland, and Scotland. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 31, 1841. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. UNDER T;iE MANAGEMENT OF MR. DAVIDGE AND MR. WILLIS TONES. Overflows to the Grand Epestrian Fetes—Last week of Mazeppr. THIS EVgNING, AUGUST 31, Will ba acted Lord Byron's Spectacle, called MAZEPPA ; OR, I'HE WILD HORSE OF THE DESERT; introducing Mr Ducron 's Magnificent Stud of Forty Horses, hielly-trained Palfreys, Fairy Pemeys, Equestrian Troop, and Companies of both Theatres. After which, NEW SCENES IN THE CIRCLE, in the Largest Arena in the World, in which Madame Ducrcrx, Sig nor Hillier, the Great American Rider, the British Horseman, Signor Felix Carlo, and the First Artistes in Europe will appear. To conclude with, TURPIN'S RIDE TO YORK, intro ducing Mr. Duero% 's Hanoverian Black Charger, and the entire Stud. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MR. OSRALDISTON. " Deeds and Doings of the Dark House I" with its astonishing scenic effects and startling situations, will continue to be Flayed every evening, with the new and successful drama of " Sweet Poll of Horselydawn." THIS EVENING, AUGUST 31, The New and highly-successful Drama of DEEDS and DO INGS of the DARK ROUSE; or, SIMPLE BESS of BIL LINGSGA TE !—Bradburn, Mr. Dale ; Charles Elford, Mr. Seaman ; Davey Dubbs, Mr. Gardner; Hoppy Bob, Mr. Paul; Ann, Mrs. W. West; Simple Bess, Mrs. G. Lee. After which, THE SCARLET MANTLE.—ArnoId, Mr. E. F. Saville ; Ernest, Mr. Dale ; Dyrke, Mr. Cullen ; Cor nelius, Mr. Gardner; Agnes, Mrs. W. West. To conclude with SWEET POLL of HORSELYDOWN, in which Messrs. James, Seaman Paul, Williams, Gardner, Cullen, Mrs. L.c, Mrs. Howard, &c. &c. will perform. Boxes, 25.—Pit, Gallery, 6d. Half-price to the Boxes only, at Half-past Eight. To. morrow, The Dark House, Scarlet Mantle, and Sweet Poll. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. 1 4 , rnme......38 Imuutas after 1 I Evening 53 minutes after I. of it, or even disgusting their followers by preaching the hateful doctrine of finality. We must look at their conduct as men expected to serve their party, and as .Ministers of the Crown bound to promote the public benefit. In this latter capacity, considering the diversity of views which prevail as to legislation, those Ministers per haps best perform their duty who administer the laws as they find them, without attempting altera-, tions, except they be like the Corn-laws, glaringly and palpably unjust. In the opinion, however, of most per sons, the Ministers have sinned against their duty to the public by not promoting more extensive schemes of le gislative improvement. Some excuse may be found for them in the youth of the QUEEN. WiLmessi the Foment was a mature, and even an aged man, when he gave Parliamentary Reform. The QUEEN is yet too young to 'save very clear and de cided opinions on such subjects, and her tutor might find in that circumstance an obligation to effect as few changes as possible till her MazesTy was able to judge for herself. Considering this circumstance, the strong force opposed to them, and, still more, considering that Lord JOUN RUSSELL has declared it was their conscien tious opinions that further organic reforms should not be granted, we are inclined to :oppose that, as Ministers of the Crown, they conceived :hat they did their duty by not urging forward large legislative improvements. They have failed, in our opinion, much more as chiefs of one of the great parties of the State, than as Ministers of the Crown. Behold Sir R. PEEL. He cares not an atom either for the Crown or the public, except as caring for both serves the purposes of his party. He takes no step, he utters no sentence, without having the suc cess of his party in view. To build up that, to add to it additional buttresses, to lop off over-hanging excre cencies, to moderate the ardour of some, to stimulate the exertions of others, to form a homogeneous corps of well trained troops, each man, both in the House and the country being disciplined almost like a body of Jesuits, to promote the success of the Tories, has been the great object of his study from Me moment that he told his friends to watch the registration till he kissed her MAJESTY'S hand on accepting office yesterday. The Whigs have not pursued a similar course. They have taken no pains whatever to build up their party. They have not even disposed of their patro nage judiciously for that end. They have attended neither to discipline within doors, nor to in fluence without. They have given registration to the winds. They have, in fact, had no head, and each de partment has been administered rather to serve the pri vate friends of the Ministers than form and strengthen a homogeneous party of Whigs. A strong-minded chief, keeping in check the crotchets of some, and stimulating the indolence of others, would never have had his ranks forsaken by one man of talent, but crowds of aspirants would have been anxieus to enter them. The reverse has been the case with Lord MELBOURNE ; and if the Ministers have neglected their duty to .the public, they have altogether forgotten their duty to their party. They wanted an efficient, ambitious, and vigorous party chief. Lord MELBOURNE never was, and, by na ture, never could be, fit for such a post. His sincerity and good nature unfitted him for the office. This made him yield to his oppponents— that made him affront those whom it was incumbent on him to please and gain. Nor is Lord J. RUSSELL different. Had he kept the good of his party in view he would never have affronted Mr. WAKLEY by an ill-timed sarcasm, m r would Lord MELBOURNE have been forward to disclaim all the support the Manchester Conference was calcu lated, if judicionaly dwelt upon, to give to the Whigs, and the measures they had brought forward. The Whigs, then, we conclude, have lost their power rather from in judicious party management than from improperly admi nistering public affairs. The new Government is now to be formed, and gentle men regard this as a great event. They speak of it in a solemn undertaker kind of tone, with affected gravity, as if some dear friend or parent had departed this world for ever, whom they were to know no more, but by his heritage. A sense of great responsibility appears all at once to overwhelm them, and they seem willing to forego the possession of the estate, could they restore the de parted to life. But what seems so awful to them is for the public at large .a matter ahnost.of indifference—one set of gentlemen are shoved into the places of another. It is a change merely of names, not of things. No prin• ciple •is altered, no new measures are proposed. The Whigs cross hands with the Tories ; Lord J. RUSSELL compliments them for their gentlemanly opposition ; Lord STANLEY compliments Lord JOHN for his great talents and great perseverance, which are admired by all, and the people stare with astonishment to see the men they were told were fighting to the death for some great principle, involving the fate of the country, only differ ing as to where they shall sit in the I-louse of Commons; when that is determined, they are the best friends pos sible. They seem to laugh at the people as dupes. .They have called them to take part in their mighty contest only apparently to tell them in the end that they have been making fools of the public. But are the Whigs and Tories quite so sure that the people will be made fools of ? The parties may have degraded the bread-tax conflict to a dispute whether there shall be a fixed tax or a sliding scale ; but the people will not take that view of the question. With them it is bread-tax or no bread-tae, free trade or re striction; and notwithstanding the temporary success of the mondpolists—notwithstanding the defeat of the Whigs—the cause of the people has made, by these party disputes, prodigious progress. The bulk of the aristocracy, and the bulk of the priesthood, were against us ; the party dispute has enlisted a large part of the former on our side. That itself is a prelude tti The Whigs, free from the trammels of office, will b 8• come bolder politician& They must throw themselves more on the people ; they must form more decided prim ciples of Government; and:more comprehensive schemes of policy. They have come into the school of adversity to learn, and we look on their defeat. tt the forerunner of the complete success of free trade. it twist he Oitiiniely geatitying to the AntidireadxidA tkittgue, to observe that their new champion in the House of Commons, Mr. COBDEN, has at once earned for himself the notice and abuse of the Tory journals. The Post of Friday, which rates other journals for their vulgarity, being itself a most courteous gentlewoman, implies that he is an idiot for asserting that the family of a man of two hundred thousand per year expends no more for bread than the family of the common labourer. The Post should examine if the assertion be correct before it abuses the gentleman who, the Post asserts, makes it. Of course neither Mr. ConDEN, nor any one else, meant to assert, or, in fact, did assert—for the phrase criticised by the Post is not found in other papers, and seems to be a mistake of its own Reporter—that a la bourer, whose family consists of seven persons, himself, his wife, and five children, expends as much on bread as is expended to supply bread for a nobleman's house hold, consisting of himself, his lady, five children, and at his different mansions two hundred servants and re tainers. These are expressly excluded from considers tionl because being luxuries which the nobleman might dispense With, if they were included, his horses and doo who consume a portion of agricultural peoditaZi., nil the tradesmen he employs, who do the like, and oh whom a portion of his income is expended, should itho c.thz z i aesilon is 1:o't 3idry a noblertun of hOw a la -letiliiiliS hit in t es3iiir„ blit What bdititifi thb ii6dieinan and by the labourer ; his own and on his fathiliei:=::his Wife afitt —indispensibte*COngitiiPtikin'. .theie is tfl3 hirtitEi; can atVtike U:PM% in atsertir.g that the labourer pays nidie; df the bread . -tat; in this sense; than the nableetnati. 11 1 6 latter 'ebiistimea cdttiPtiiatif , 6l littt M'CiA; and big Lily diela variety of articles, such as chocolate; maecaforti i wine, preserved fruits, &c.; Whieh fOr his use. Thelbilikeit dri bad and potatoes; and if ho and his ° Family do n'Ot 'consul:de more bf these than are consumed by the itOhlentiti's farailyt df •ftrhilSe aeLA.ie Itte.Y fohn if pit a, let the kill ~Midge it9,o Wretchedly the labourer and his family must be fed-. From our knowledge of the mode of living of the tIYQ we believe more bread is consumed by the tAtiottiti,' fa: rnik'y than by that Of ~ tWe ikoblenlkt.k the tik .oil flit 4ia40,14.:?.,a15y of life, it is quite correct, and hounds, to say, that,the labourer pays as much, or snore, than the mart with two hundred tlinlishnd a year. One of the worst effects of the tat is the severity with which it falls on those ; like day , labetifefS4 *hose subsistence consists chiefly, or almost exclusively, of bread. The nines, with somewhat mare eourtt , sy than the Post, condpscends to examine some of Mr. COBDEN'S arguments. It admits their plausibility ; anti only essays to refute them by ascribing to Mr. COBDEN what he did not say. "We do,now compete with foreigners in the neutral market," said Mr. COBDEN, but that does not " throw overboard the danger to our tratio from foreign competition." The competition of foreigners is daily becoming more dangerous, and from its great progress the greatest danger is apprehended in future. The Times infers from the fact, that we have hitherto been able to compete with foreigners; that the distress of our people arises from over-trading. We are sorry to see that once-enlightened Journal on economical subjects adopt this prejudia. , .. Our. merchants might fail frm over-trading, as in 1837, but their over-trading is exias work for the people, and should, at le . ast while it show itself in a greater demand for labour and higher wages. But over-trading here means that our manufacturers make, or have made, more articles than they can sell. Why can they not sell them ? The Corn-laws will not allow them to sell their goods for food. Our people want food—the Americans and others want cottons and hardwares. The law forbids the mutually advantageous exchange ; and the law is the cause of what is called over-trading and distress. Mr. COBDEN is quite right, therefore, in looking to an extension of our trade as one of the beneficial consequences—not the sole one—to be expected from the abolition of the Corn-law. The Times, having now an inclination to make it up with the landowner, has written some of the common slang phrases in answer to Mr. ConDEN's clear and masterly statement ; but it has not refuted anything he said. Mr. COBDEN, if we are not mistaken in the man, will go on and give opportunities enough to the Post to exert its petty talent of abuse, and to the Times to indulge in so phistical mis represe n tations. The whole of the Paris Journals of Friday and Sa turday have been received. In our Summary of Public Opinion will be found a complete epitome of their views respecting the conflict of parties in England, to which we at once refer our readers. The litonitcur of Saturday announces, • by telegraph, the closing of the Spanish Cortes on the 24th instant. It adds that on the 23d, a decree of the REGENT was read, appointing Don FRANCISCO DE PAULA to a seat in the Senate. This, the same official journal of yes terday, (Sunday) admits to be incorrect, the person ap pointed a Senator being M. FACUNDO INFANTA. The following extraots from these journals include all the miscellaneous news they bring of any general im portance. We have received this morning the Toulouse Journals of the 2bth. It will be remembered that M. Gase wrote a letter to the bar, in several towns, to learn their opinions as to the re sistance of the Provisional Municipality of Toulouse to MM. Lejeurs, Astro, and Dunos, on their going to enter on their office. The Emancipator announces that the bars of Amiens, Limoges, and Montpellier, have given opinions favourable to MM. Arzac, Roaldes, and Gase. Twenty-six persons, arrested at Bordeaux during the riots, appeared on the 25th at the police office ; el this number four were discharged, five condemned to ten days' imprisonment, fourteen to a month, and three to two months' imprisonment. Eight of those who are condemned are to remove, when their time of imprisonment is expired, to the distance of ten myria mees from the city of Bordeaux.—Le Constitutionnel. The Pope has addressed a brief, dated the 12th inst., to the Vicar Apostolic of Gibraltar, in which his Holiness codemns, in decided but mild terms, the conduct of various Catholics who instituted the late proceedings against the Prelate. The Pope exhorts them to return to canonical obedience, and adds We are consoled by the thought that, under the glorious government of the Most Serene and Puissant Queen of Great Britain, there is no cause to fear that a fresh injury should be done us, or that the treaTy of Utrecht, which ensures the ex ercife of the Catholic religion among you, should be violated, more especially since, in the most flourishing kingdom of Great Britain, through the justice of her Majesty, the Catho lics and the Bishops enjoy the full exercise of our most holy religion." The Mediterranean squadron, under the command of Vice- Admiral Hugon, left Toulon on the 26th inst., to continue its manoeuvres. The Marengo and Triton, of the line, left en the same day for Algiers. '1 he Tarn corvette sailed on the 24th for Motion, and on the 25th the Cregeois steamer arrived at Toulon from that port. BOURSE—PARIS, SATURDAY, AUGUST 28. first Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Prick. Price French 5 tier Cents 4 per Cents 99 60 ... 99 60 ... tio ... 99 60 3 per (enir. ex. thy 76 95 i 7 5 ... 76 95 ... 77 5 oo rrance I.46ittc Ltank 1.(1111t. Si 0.1 , 33 ...11"S0 _1125 ...lien 50 %no ..t , ares 5110 ...5110 ..4110 ...51 110 Belgian 5 per Cents. 3 per Cents 7l 25 71 25 ... 71 25 ... 71 23 ipanish Active : 1 14 21 1 4 ... 21 ... 21 Passive 4T .. ... 4Th ... Neapolitan 104_5 IC4 50 ... Y. 3 25 LO tioulan lo2•' ... HQ% 1U2% ...102% HAILWAY stiAttEb. 3t. Germain Versailles. L.B 2ll. 25 ... . 211 25 ... 210 ... 210 H. 11 325 25 ... 3i6 25 ... 326 25 ... 326 25 Tougn StAr,stnirg tr. Balc,sharesred 23710 ... 137 50 ... 237 50 .. 23? 50 Orleans . fsk:l.t.il AN P U 1 , 1 1:13-13auts sm. , Auc. 28. Actual Debt, 2% per Cent. ftothschild's Loan, 5 per Cant ...... ...... lOl% Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent 93 . ----------- 3 per Cent. ..... ,---•Thirty.seyen----- ... 71)6 .........------_----(140) lOl% Loan of City, 1V32, 4 per Cent. 9B Society of Cornmcrce, 4 per Cent 93.4 Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent....... ...... National Society. Exchange on London (short) —"Brussels Papers, Aug. 28. HAMBURG BORSEN HALLE, Am 27. Bills. Money Austrian 5 per Cents. . Bank Shares 1615 Anglo.ltussian Loan lOl4 10es% Russian 5 per Cent. Ist series, Cartificate Inscription, Ist Series lO2 101% Russian 5 per Cent. Dup. and Co. 3d and 4th Series ... 9S% 97X Ditto in Certificates New 4 per Cent. (1840) 6 6 1,4 1-6 Dutch actual Debt, 256 pc, Cent llO% 50% Ditto 5 per Cent .... . ... . Polish Bonds New ticket Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cept 733 75 1 A Nolwegian Loan, IKI4, 4 per C.nt Spanish, New 5 per Cents. 15% ErICHANGE% ON LONDON. HAMBURG, Ana. 27.-13 S.—Two months, 13 4X. NTOCRIIOI.M, AUG. 10.—Se.nty.live days. 12. 41. PETERSBURG , '. AUG. to.—Two months, 39 1-16 pence. r RUSSIAN FUNDS.—lsaamw, AUG. 2L Bills Money St. Schuld. Sch., 45., per cant. 104% it , 4 Prussian English Loan, 1830, 4 per cent 101 y s 101 1 4 ExcliAnge on London, three months 6 17A —Prussian Stale Gazette, Aug. 25. EX PRESS FROM PARIS. FRANCE. The Moniteur of Sunday corrects an error into which it had led the public by announcing that the Infante don Francisco de Paula had been appointed member of the Spanish senate it was M. Facundo Infanta who had been raised to that dignity. Of the 2U Councils General who had already made known their opinion respecting the census 19 had voted in favour of Its legality. Few sales took place in the Paris corn market on Saturday. The accounts from the moth of France were exceedingly satis factory. '1 he gathering in of the crops had been favoured by fine weather, and the produce was abundant. The prices had fiteh in three provinciil markets and fallen in nine. The Pon/on/wig of the 2tith fully confirms the report of the abandotlitent by the French of their military hospital in the Wand del Rey, at Minorca. According to the Sentinelle de la Mcirint, the last sick remaining there had been landed in Tou lon by the Oregeols steamer, the rest having arrived at Cette and Port Vendres. The Friedland ship-of-the-Ne grounded on the 24th in go ing out of the harbour of Toulon, but was again sent afloat on the lith. The Armoricain de Brest of the 26th states, that six seamen bed been killed and fifteen wounded on board the Venus frigate lik the bursting of a gun. Accounts from Oren of the 15th state, that the prepaZaticTs for the next campaign were proceeding; that the army wow,: take the field in September, and march in the di:ection of Mascara. The. Three per Cents. were quoted in Paris on Saturday at 77f. 10c., with little business doing. SPAIN. Accounts from Madrid of the 22t1 inst. state, that the Mi nistry was on the point of obtaining the advance of 60 millions of reals. _ . The Commissioners of the Basque Provinces Wefe espeeted in Madrid. Letters from St. Sebastian, of the 24th, state, that a re inforcement of 3,000 troops had arrived in the Ebro, who were to remain at the dist-to:Al of the Captain-General of the Barque provinces. The mistress of the former Carlist chief, Palidos, was arrested at Irun on the 22d inst. A steamer and two smaller vessels of war had been ordered to cruise on the Cantabrian coast. GERMANY. The Augsburg/I UazOtte announces the arriral of Baron James de tiothst hild in the Attstrian capital MONEY and COMVIERdiAt 14t17VS. CITY, MoNDAy - -- - , The tititiliO fi€duritieg utak still a very firm aspect ahtl fifieet,itt.:tlay fete abdut h p'i't cent, better. Consols IttF ittimkdiate tfangitt sere marked 694 to 90, and for Account 901 to i. It Exc - egad Billii wete t5S'.- to 17s. premium, pd India Bonds '2s. to 4s. premiunl. The _ to` Three-and-a- Half,peklents. were 94 to i, and the Thret pet Cents. Re kittOdi 0"4; #. Th 6 , ofelgif Mika *Oh more active to day, and prices fanged ,rather higher. §pailialf Mtbte Bonds touched 2 0 i and tOA. vort*ese Isle* Fiv6 per etnfl, Wets 30-s to I : o ffililitil SiA stet Cen4: 20-Lt6 2i. POraoafl. JO t o Ini, and Dutch Two-arld•a-Halt per ....,e.fria vthire 514 to 5'2. There was a very brisk market foi 81iiires 16zdayi.and in ii. 04 instances better prices were obtained. Grat *.fstgit „' ,031 toiiehtti AS , , the New 7; Birmingham 72 1 / 2 to ii * .ilt i aid ;11. - ,tikitilt i TtstPr,n 155 premium. Brighton were as high as 04 ; I=oo2 add M 1/ o ; a n t hester and Leeds 10 1 A disgOtitit. Pravinciil Bank of Iteland Shares were 16 p rem i um. APliti Botindary.gtiestion is likely to be a sotifee of some trounce to the Nevi go*ciiimeirt, Oar readers may judge of the disposition of the Americans frthis tit. folloScittg extract from a paper received to-day : "Two or three weeks ago there was a rumour that ftte ein'l3 - ii . ittaid, of tlib Vnite'l States troops at Houlton were to hti Ifidi4it firthet iiiitth, PIA totpany to be stationed ai the Fish RiVer post, and afialid A F rift Patrileldi on the Aroostook ; titit We haVe tiOt been able tti Obtaiii qtly eefiaiti information iiiPeCtinti it;,., Othei Vi";,.!! this, that Mr, Webster iiifOttlied A 4rialit iaehiDittian ittat it 1543 IS; toi pla rfi.kr ee gat! it an of haM *ay referred him to the Secretary & filr. na l .rtialark " Soitiethiog appears to bo on foot, but whether it is 2 NM eV 4 fealit3i, , ke hive nil meaps of knowing. We hope it is to ex tie l, the, ilfitisli, ini#rs froth 6t4r soil ; if so, we go for it heart end son!. Invaders tiavii dt'sffiLletiii4r 69 . iong enough. It will even afford us satisfaction to late Mat It'.o ern months tho. rafty lit poiter have found Out that 13'ittsh littol64 *e WA& oft lOkittlerfl.; Lai't Dett;mber it **s first inewri that they were removed From tne I.2iiiliocita to tlYe Ma4awatlEa, : 3 , - ; 1 !0 miles towards the heart of the t.ltLit4. 3 l ?M. die Governor end the majority of the Legislature, did not appear 10 h‘ ii*alro of the fact, lid fares any measures taken to remove them waft centerned; and nothing has been done towards removing them tb this day, Sottie cool rciolvea were passed just before the adjournment of the Legislature about the boundary in general, and that was all. The bold and active State policy of Gover • nor Fairfield's Administration, we regret to say, is not fol lowed up,'' • ______ (From The Sun of Last Night. ) The following is an extract of a letter received at the North and South American Coffee-house,dated New York, Aug. 14. " We have authentic intelligence from Washington, on which we safely predict the veto of the President t o the Bill which has pas s ed - both Houses of Congress, for the establishment of a National Bank, with branches in the several States. We place so much reliance on the high character of our informant, that we feel no . hesitation in saying that no Bank Bill will become alaw this Session. That several ptiu-r measures which have been looked for with great aniiety . will share the same fate, and that a breaking up of the Harrison Tyler Cabinet will be th.a cliMax of the extra Session, From which the hig party, expepOdao much. • The Van Buren or democrat ic p art y are . in high spirits, and confidently anticipate a resumption by their lea , ting of the reins of power at no distant day. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, AUGUST 28.—We have had an inactive Cotton Market to-day. Tho sales to the trade amount to about 3,000 bales in export or speculation. Nothing to report. Prices are steady. LIVERPOOL SNARL" MARKET, AUG. 28.—The following transactions comprise the business done at the Stock Fa change : —Great Western Half Shares, 55; London and Bir mingham 321. Shares, 524 ; Manchester and Leeds, 56i ; Mid land Counties, 78; ; Bank of Liverpool, 18i ; Commercial Bank of Liverpool, 16. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, AUG. 28.—The Share Market is still improving—Manchester and Birmingham, 21 ; South Eastern and Dover, in ; Manchester and Leeds, 58; Manchester, Halves, 24; Manchester and Liverpool Districz Bank, 91. 16s. 9d.: Manchester Assurance, 91. 17s. 6d. The English Securities fully maintain the advance of Satur day. Console opened at 89i for Money, and 90i for the Account. Exchequer Bills, 15 17 prom, ; Spanish Active Stock, 201 4 ; Portuguese Five per Cents., 294 30*; Ditto Three per Cents., 174 18i. Quebec papers to the 12th inst., and Montreal to the same date, hare been received ; at the latter place some heavy trans actions had taken place in flour ; and prices were advancing. Exchange on London, 91-. The advises from Madrid received this morning state that the Ministry was on the point of obtaining the advance of €0 mi.lions of reals. _ _ _ The rrivate letters received this morning from New York and Philadelphia respecting commercial affairs, are much more favourable. The English Stock Market continues exceeding firm, with a further tendency to advance. The arrival of I Mr. Jaudon in this country has caused a qui vice among the jobbers and loan fry, who have succeeded al ready in draining the pockets of John Bull of so much of his surplus cash, in exchange for the trashy Bonds and Shares of American bubbles, large and small. We not pretend to say that Mr. Jaudon really wants more money for the rotten institution he represents as agent, but we know that many parties her e would attempt to get it for him, if he did. We have had enough of State securities. The landlords, it seems, know something of the Corn rig, as well as the speculators, for they art bringing to Market a glut of damp and inferior Wheat so as to establish a much lower range of prices, and prevent a decline in the duty on foreign, since, while these samples are called at 6s. to Bs. lower, old parcels are but 2s. cheaper, and it is these latter parcels only, as being sound grain, which can give a fair cri terion for the averages. Consols, Money, 89 90 • Account, 891 a ; Colombian, 20 ; Mexican, 261 ; i'ortuguese, 30i ; Spanish, 20a Markets gradually improving. CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bank St ock lndia Stock • 3 per Cent Red 9o* Ditto Bonds 3 per Cent Cons B9l Ditto Old Annuities ... 31 per Cent Red.. New 3i per Cent 9 Ex. Bills, 1,0001....2047 pm New 5 per Cent — 1 Ditto 5001 lB pm Long Annuitiestoexpire 1 Ditt Small 2O pm Jan. 1860 l3 Bank Stock for 0pg....1706 Oct 1859 — India Stock for Acct ... Jan, 1860. — Consols for Acct 9oi FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per cent 109} Portuguese, 5 per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent illitto, New Ditto 3o} Brazilian 80nd5.... — ;Prussian, 5 per cent. Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent !Russian, 5 per cent — Chilian, 6 per cent — (Ditto, Metallic Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, 5 per cent :20,3 Ditto, 1824. .. .. 201 Ditto, Deferred Danish, 3 per cent 79i 'French, 5 per cent. —f. —c. Greek, 18:45, 5 per cent — Exchange —f. c. Mexican, 5 per cent.... French, 3 per cent —f. .—c Ditto, 6 per cent, 1625, Dntch, 2i per cent. ... 25 Peruvian,lB2s, 6 per ct. 16 pitto, 5 per cent . _ . SHARES - Great Western Railway (65 paid) B3 Ditto New Shares (50 paid • 56j Ditto Fifth (4 paid) London and Brighton (50 paid) 47 London and Blackwall Railway (25 paid)... 16 London and Birmingham Railway (90 pd) 1621 Ditto New Shares ( 2 paid) London and Greenwich Railway (20 pd) 7; London and South Western London and Croydon Railway (Trunk) l3i Manchester and Leeds (70 paid) North Midland Railway (100 paid) Ditto New Shares (40 paid) South Eastern and Dover (38 paid)... 18 York and North Midland Railway (50 paid) 741 ~9~r:~ aaa~ LONDON: TUESDAY, AUGUST 31, 1841. At the Cabinet Council held on Saturday it was unanimously determined that the resignation of the Ministry should be immediately for warded to the QUEEN. Lord MELBOURNE immcdiatelw repaired to Windsor, and commu= nicated the determination of the Council to her MAJESTY, who ordered Sir ROBERT PEEL to be sent for. Sir ROBERT PEEL accordingly left town this morning, about eleven o'clock, for Windsor, to receive her MAJESTY'S commands to form a new Administration. The determination of the Ministers was offi cially communicated to the Houses of Parliament yesterday evening. The Duchess of SUTHERLAND resigned her situation of Mistress of the Robes on Friday, thus preparing the way for the Tory ladiin to surround her MAJESTY, There has been a Ineeting of the landowners called to consider Sir R. PEEL'S speech, at which the Duke of BUCKINGHAM and his friends have derzlared themselves satisfied with the Right H,' ii. baronet. The union 13 perfect, therefore, and the Tories may carryon the Government with a high hand. It will be an act of kindness in them, when so fully assured of their strength in the Houses of Parliament, if they grant to the necessities of the nation the least relaxation of the odious laws they have assembled to maintain, There is an end of the Whig Ministry. Lord lime BOURNE in the House of Peers, and Lord JOHN Rus- SELL in the House of Columbus, yesterday announced its dissolution: though we have frequently felt it to be our duty to censure their acts, we cannot deny that we see their departure from office with considetublOi•egretr. If they were not the wisest, discrettesb, host ginistfy s that ever stood at the he.m Uoe idniiipitrO them rather with their successer f k th&n. with an abstract idea of per fection, and we dread what is to come. We have no partiality for what is called 0, sttoill vernment; which means some man, or lite* •Olio46'itivd a strong will, profiting by the obedience tof ruthlessly to carry out a theory, and titakehilig by their help all the interests itnd aftlittiOns which stand in the way, NAPOLEON'S was a strong Government, bet Et was aethroned and exiled. The Peke o a, - - LLNGToN's was a strong * Gterettenent, lnit lii was obliged somewhat ignontiniotisly ;to tiVe 44 1 .6.. The country can at present ill ekAailgt. the mild care lessness of Lord MittitollateE, and the easy firmness of Lord tionle Ittitsm, for the vice-like gripe of Sir Be. "Mitt PEEL and the tiger-like spring of ray Ileed iltAnt Backed by the army of monopolists., Whose tools they are, and stooping to do their bidding., that they may be the more powerful, these statesmen Will foein i 1 Atimg Government, intent of enforeiitg Wtong and unjust principles. But the .sti.enget And more overbearing is such a GovernMent of monopolists, the greater must be the frictiein with society, and the sooner will it efid in some terrible catastrophe. The causes which have brought ItekYtit At tali of the Whigs, lie within themselves. Their power was essen • tially derived from the people ; but when they obtained the favour of the Crown, they turned their backs on their friends, and sought to hold office by the help of the oli garchy and the priesthood, who never forgive them the destruction of the Boroughniongering Parliament, and to whom, by this deference, they gave the means to de stroy them. This was the capital error of the Whigs. Thereto must be added, which is common to all statesmen of our day, too much reliance on existing institutions, con siderable ignorance of the natural -laws which dictate the progress of society, and hence the want of any com prehensive and great plan of policy. Their principles of Government were not settled and determined from a combined view of what was clue to institutions, and what living society demanded. They did not adjust the rival claims of the p ast an d the future. They were accordingly one day foi: - coticezaion and anc.tlier. for re sistance—now expounding the largest principles of Reform, and then giving us the least possible portion dui M )-. 'A, tift,,-4, , , r .; t',, ,, 's ~.-', 0 .?,c4:::-z , <, t 417,,5„ ~ i, 1,-4. , ,•,',.,',,,,,4 , ,z . pr i ,—• 7: -4 t9Rrazmisviffe =- '"- ''-.lr: COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, MONDAY.—Lords Melbourne, It. Grosvenor, A. Paget, Marcus Hill, and the Hon. James Howard, left the Castle this afternoon. The Queen and Prince Albert took their usual morning's walk, and in the afternoon went out for a drive, her • Majesty and his Royal Highness in a pony phmton, the Prince driving, the Earl of Fingall and Colonel Wylde attending on horseback, and the Duchess of Bedford, Lady C. S. Cocks and the Hon. Miss Cavendish occupy ing a phmton. Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal was taken her accustomed airing. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge returned to his residence at Kew yesterday, from a visit to the Duchess of Gloucester, at Bagshot Park. Viscount Melbourne arrived at his residence in South street yesterday afternoon at half-past three o'clock, from a visit to her Majesty at Windsor Castle. The Rev. James Carlisle, and the Rev. Robert Vaughan had an interview with the Marquis of Normanby yester day at the Home-office. The Earl of Gosford, and Mr. Wallace, M.P., had also interviews with the Noble Mar quis at the Home-office yesterday. Sir Robert Peel left his residence in Whitehall-gar dens at half-past twelve o'clock yesterday for Windsor Castle to have an audience of the Queen. Before leav ing town the Right Honourable Gentleman visited the Duke of Wellington at Apsley House, and had a long interview with the Noble Duke. Sir Robert arrived at Windsor Castle in an open carriage shortly before four o'clock, and had an audience of her Majesty. The Right Hon. Baronet remained at the Castle until five o'clock, and then took his departure for town, arriving in Whitehall-gardens at seven o'clock last eveniug. Her Majesty the Queen Dowager, accompanied by his Serene Highness Prince Ernest of Hesse Philippsthall, and attended by Lady Frances Clinton, Lady in Waiting, the Hon. Caroline Boyle, Maid of Honour in Waiting ; the Earl of Denbigh, Sir Andrew Barnard, the Hun. Captain Edward Curzon, and Sir David Davies, left Marlborough House, at ten o'clock yesterday morning, for the terminus of the Birmingham Railway Company, in Euston-square. Her Majesty and suite left by a spe cial train for Sudbury Hall. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE: TATTERSA LL'S—YESTERDAY. The business done here yesterday was so trifling as scarcely to warrant a quotation. The following were the only bets we heard : ST. LEGER. Even on Mr. Rawlinson's Coronation—taken 7 to 2 agst Lord Westminster's Van Amburgh—taken 10 to 1 agst Mr. Bell's The Squire—taken 700 even between Tearaway and Middleham—taken SWANSEA RACES.—FRIDAY. The Hurdle Race Stakes of 5 soya. each, and 15 added, were won in two heats by Lieut. Reynard's Tipthorp. The Ladies' Cup, once round, was won by Mr. E. Bradley's The Duke, 4 yrs (Astley), beating Mr. Bevan's Wallace, aged, and several others. .-`•, Swansea Stakes of 5 sovs. each, 2 ft., and 15 added. cues room:, ..; were won by Mr. Davies's Merry Lass, aged ( Harris), beating Iles i gerus and Topsail. . The Tradesmen's - late of 401., Scc. Two mile heats. Mr. Parr's Aisnvrell, 6 yru . ••• ••• (Owner) 1 1 Mr. Gough's kausta, 3 yrs 3 dr Mr. Davies's Merry Lass, aged ...... ...• •••,:: , The Hack Stakes Were won by Mr. Bu. on s York. The Fo•ced Handicap of 3 sous. each . One mile. 0 1 Captain Reynard's Accelerator, 5 yrs... k Harris) Captain Davies's Merry Lass, aged • .. 0 2 Ws Gough's Hesperus, aged SOUTHAMPTON RACES--YESTERDAY. The Southampton Stakes of 20 sovs. each, h ft, and 5 only if declared, with 100 added. The second saves his stake. two miles. ( 14 Subs.) 10 of whom declared. Fir F. Collier nd Rory O'More, 5 yrs, Bst 61b ....(Nat) 1 Mr. Booth's Colchicum, 4 yrs, Bst. .. Won by two lengths. The Shirley Stakes of 15 sows. each, 5 ft, with 30 added from the fund, for 2 yrs old, - 7st. ; and 3 yrs, 9st 21b ; fillies allowed 31b. The winner to be sold for 1501., if demanded. The last three-quarters of a mile. (3 Subs. ) Mr. Payne's Australia, 3 yrs (Nat) 1 Mr. Roe's Decision, 3 yrs 2 Ltd Huntingtower's fby Langar, Sister to Portrait, 3 yrs 3 The Maiden Plate of 301., given by the Ladies of South ampton, added tea sweepstakes of 3 sous. each, for 3 yrs old, 7st 21b ; 4 yrs, Bst 21b ; 5 yrs, Bst yrs and aged, 9st alb ; If-bred horses allowed 71b ; mares and geldings allowed 31b. Th e second to save his stake, and receive Si. from the fund, and thew inner to be sold for 100/. Heats, once round and a distance. Mr. Payne's Australia, 3 yrS... (A lad) 1 1 Mr. Lucas's Traitress, 3 yrs. ....... Mr. Sadler's Defy, 3 yrs... Won easy. The County Members' Plate of 501. was not run for when cur account left. Th e Council General of the Rhenish Railway c omp :nrinet at Duren on the 16th inst., and came to a resolution 'id open the line from Aix-la-Chapelle to Cologne on the 6,! . .. 11 of September. The Cologne Gazette s tates that on the 22d 4 very satisfactory experimental . trip took place on the whole line. ~ The utility of the electrZl•magnetic telegraphs t§gattolishecl by Professor Steinhell,' says a letter from Munigh t 20ith lust:, " was yesterday demonstrated. Last night the ttiouicipA authorities of our Papital received in c 1 by meting of this televaph that ;: i°lerit fire , bred f ikst ,:okett out in the vttlar2s of Gtetin; an " e l iw i t h i b„ ten , , ;h ich enabled them to render su e t .. eumpt, ass l o bi t ", by dial,,. _ engines and other ski, if2A ift . fif e w a g ga t tin d,, b etb ,„: it had time to eliter•cl bey6lld ffie'lll'Ont:ts.lii w ho i t i m d firs_ broken out." . O l e evcr n g d A lamentithist datdeirt happened on of the 18th inst., on the tAllway between Magdei:Org i a loc Selicenebeck, through a• collision liicitvtt i a, lantivg engine which was coming in d CoufroYtYladi7ro,' d in the the sante line of rails. A mistake had heft/ Ti 1.,"., were • to the f ', egniti.F: Three of the men belonging , i i, None 4, the 1 1 ..iiled on the spot , and several others wouniro.eus,y proceeding to pas§efigets If ere reported as having been se. , -1 f accident liar. 1 injured. e n ti o n along On Satufday morning a dreau u that betwten one pened to the Hastings tnail, It appea vo ri_ ii was and two o'clock in the morning' Tonbrldgegwells, the London, shortly after passing t 4 g a t full apt ed. They laid horses became restive, and ret o. rne. to a turn in the r . c. d not proceeded far when they ca into the Maidstone road, a m iddle :the road, they ran leading from Tonbridge-w as fi g v r a e s t violence. The The the where, notwithstanding every coachman to keep them in the t. the coach against a post, upset in e and killed a au ttc it ni .w r i t th unfortunate driver thrown off . on the spot ; the guard was alto very seriously bruises.in j!ired. The passengers are said to have escaped with a few DEATH OF TH E GOVERNOR OF BARBA- D oEs.—The mos t important from our Island files is the death of Sir Evan Joh n Murray M‘ Gregor, Governor of Barha..does, who departed this life on Monday, the 14th inst. The Hon. John Breathwait has been sworn into the temporary adminis tration of the Government as President,— Guiana Chronicle, June, 1841. - , 1 MORNING SUN S %A RV OF NEWS AND Vublic epttlton. " Who runs may read" FOREIGN. The most appalling accidents are constantly impeding the progress of steam navigation in the 'United States. To the sad list of disasters lately reported we hare to add the destruction of the steam boat Erie by fire on the 9th of August, and the loss of one hundred and seventy lives. Of the unfortunate persons -thus prematurely consigned to a watery grave, about one hundred and forty were Swiss and German immigrants in pursuit of freedom and happiness in the new world, denied to them in the old. .Ttie property destroyed is estimated at 300,000 dollar:. The spot where the Erie was burnt in August 1841 witnessed the destruction by fire of the Washington in June, 1838. The "'resident of the United States has appointed the Hon. E. Everett American Minister at the Court of London, in the room of Mr. Stevenson, who is recalled. Mr. Everett, we understand, is not a save-breeder, and after all that has taken place during the residence of Ivir. Stevenson among us, we should be disposed to regard the appointment of a slave-ho!der to the fjnctions of an Am bassador to a e British Court as an act of discourtesy to wards a most respectable class of her Majesty'S subjects, if not to the Government of this c ountry. On the recal of Mr. Fox Mr. Webst , r proposes to change the st at of negociations with England from New York to Washin:ttoa. Uounnon sense suggests that the place for carrying en negociations is the seat of the legislative anu e.,ecutive department; of the Federal Go vernmeL t. M. de Bodisco, the . lussian Minister at Washington, who recently espoused an A aerican wife, is about to be recalled. Rumour states that he is to be sent to Vienna, which we doubt, that postbeing always reserved for first-rate Russian diplomatists. Baron Al arechall, the Austrian Ministe r at Washing ton, has also been recalled by his Court. From Lisbon we have news of the 23d inst. The bread-taxers of Portugal are a set of as hard-hearted scoundrels as their brother monopolists in any part of the wJrld. 'Though bread is as dear in Lisbon as in London, a la'. downe: in the Cortes brought forward a motion for prJrenting the importation of corn from tho North to the South of Portugal, with a view to prevellt the introduction of corn from Spain, where bread is cheap and abundant. A Committee of A rts 'and Sci ences, to whom the motion was referred, reported against it ; but a Committee of landowners declared so strongly in favour of it, that it was supposed it would be carried. This is carrying out the principle of monopoly with a vengeance.' We expect next to hear of some Por tuguese legislator proposing a system of parochial Corn laws fur the protection of the parochial agricultural in terests. The French Journals of Friday and Saturday are oc cupied with the proceedings in Parliament. The Debats, ever " strong on the strongest side," attacks the Whigs and praises the Conservatives, now that the former are out, and the latter in. One paragraph in the article is, however, worth quoting :--" The opening of Parlia- . ment," says that Journal, " has given the Queen of Eng- • land an opportunity for taking an honourable initiative in expressing her satisfaction at the re-establishment of harmony between the leading Powers of Europe. All those who sincerely desire the peace of the world and the true interests of humanity, will rejoice with us at seeing friendly relations renewed between two nations, which are at the head of civilisation and liberty. The English Parliament replies negatively to many paragraphs of the Speech, but that which announces that France has again joined the family of European nations, was received with unanimous approbation, and the tribute of respect paid by the sneakers in both Houses, to the wisdom and cou rage of the King of the French and his Government, are alike honourable to those who give and those who re ceive." The Presse, alluding to this paragraph in the Speech from the Throne, says :—" The language of the British Government is a just homage to the influence of Franc e. Whilst France remained aloof, however united the other Cabinets might seem to be, no person could flatter him self that the peace of Europe would not be disturbed ; but‘now all chance of perturbation has disappeared, tor we are in accord with Europe. This is a truth which the English Government has solemnly recognised, and we must be thankful for the acknowledgment, for it has not been made without a great mortification of pride. The Courrier Francais ridicules the silence of Sir Robert Peel with regard to his policy, and says that the hunger of the people will compel him either to resign or to meet the bread-tax question. The National says :—" The situation of Sir Robert Peel is full of Peril. He has to cover the deficit of the revenue, to modify the Poor-laws, and to diminish the obstacles which in paralyzing commerce stifle produc tion, suspend labour, and enlarge the bleeding wound of misery, which has arrived at such a depth in the social body. He has to provide against the importation of corn for the winter, and for the exportation of the gold to pay for it. With this exportation of gold the value of specie will rise, the rate of discount will be increased to from twelve to fifteen per cent., credit will be shaken , and disasters will accumulate. The resources of Eng land are undoubtedly great, and the national spirit full of energy ; but the position of England is no longer what it was ten years ago, and as the internal situation of England always controls the foreigu policy, we may venture to pre,liet thitt the Tory Ministry, weak at home, -- will continue abroad that restless and malevolent policy by which the Whig Cabinet has for the last three years disturbed the world. . The &ale and the Quotidienne are equally hostile to Whigs and Tories. The Constitutionnel sees the progress of events a breaking up of the now triumpi'ant Tory party. It observes upon the debate :—" I:h° Whigs will leave the Ministry stronger and with more influence in the country during their administration. The ground upon which they have given battle is the best they had ever chosen, and the best theme of opposition that could be. defended is a good system of finances, and the alleviation of the sufferings of the people. Sir Robert Peel does not reveal his plans, and the speeches which he made to the electors show the care which he takes to elude the difficul ties of his position. He is himself moderate and concilia ting, but he has to keep peace with the casse-cous of his party, whose votes have brought him into office. These temporizations will last as long as possible, but a day will arrive when the old Tories will be tired of treading in the steps of the new Conservatives. In order that the business of Government may be carried on, it will be ne cessary to come to an understanding with the modera te party of the Opposition, and to submit to the conditions which it may think proper to impose. Sir R. Peel will not, we imagine, consent to expose himself to the retro grade experiments desired by, the old Tories, and whit would infallibly lead to political and social revolution. The state of the crops in the North of France is ex ceedingly satisfactory. The French have finally abandoned-the hospital in di* island of Del Rey (Minorca). The last of the sick are now at Toulon. The capitalists at Madrid were ready on th to accept the New Loan contract for sixty reals. 22donillss PAILLIAMENTARIG Viscount Melbourne, on the• Peers assembling llist evening, communicated to their Lordships that he and his colleagues, in consequence of the votes of the two Houses of Parliament, had tendered their resignations, which had been accepted, and they only held office till their successors were appointed. The Marquis of Normanby withdrew the Drainage of Towns t Bill. The Borough Improvement and Building .....egulations Bills were read a third time. The Admi nistic.tion of Justice Bill was read a second time. h,: ie,: rd Chancellor introduced a Bill to in demnif y som T e he sob iord who had incurred penalties by neglect ing to subscribe the roll of Parliament when he took the oaths. Would any other person but a Lord be indemni fied for violating the lay' ?. iain\sNteorst.iey , In the Commons Mr. ebnrman Crawford presented a petition, praying that the House of Commons might be dissolved and sent to the people, not the electors, for re election. A significant sign. Lord Marcus Hill having presented the answer to tho Address, which stated that her Majesty would imme diately take measures to form a new Aslministration, Lord J. Russell annonnced the resignation of Ministers, following that up by several observations. Lord Stanley complimented the Ministers ..ondeatthhe. goodness of their lives and the decency of thei.i,,; He found fault, however, with the man:serdidinsp:wielelleih:oi t „as h es e ,, Queen's name had been used in the S like e ao a r l d l iJi.olytaulssserlleescaliidese,mtipiehastpicea:y tohpaetehteelhi A f f :% t Stew After some petty observations by and some routine business, the noose of Lords, adjourned to next Monday. col fi e nmeibio I n di; li f Sir Robert Peel, n c n o i d: i c a at cation of Right t the' : :2,llpirier;Ta,),,iariiietn.:_siiigns.h:tia,iita:tTeai_:isoisatt):,neeexailitclicriloraihs.sotelGsoovote'rnCmomentnt.,oLns.,,r‘h‘ -'There e br w de a ct s -------- 4 3 3 - 1 - , inscidt r iiticidioct : :ri . but iit ,t o h f ey a t e v o e l r o e , i e n a d u i t e i a, oa tio s u e s x , not 1 ~,„ . and he willnot bind ' e l Tr i t ic aLl; f lion. Baronet's sPee Policy, . himsilf t.t.' mhosret.plr 0 ; : e l :ei s ib t s c l a esi : r r e y ial 11 for r ''i. him" r' t a d o pt a more liceral sY s4 ' 9ln osni C 0 ns : 11 :i :hi l l : a : is . in all its ti liamn d e e i t ls a ce i r l 4 . ww i . • of the Poor- a, , .. .the ;In a i i i i t l er of accidents, and Oat if it,shoala cb,r;;;;11b),- he will not allow principle or constituency id s l an cf i n ~:i.z; way, In a word, we gather km his ;T ea* that he is merely a political weathercock, who he g uided will tuni c and turn, and turn again, according to the l'lng ' ; t a e g n i: :: t,l.lCeceelientli 7nielritl: . 1 e says, aYs , the whole (in estioa shiftings of public opinio.l. the praise of the Irish Tories in these decided terms :-.--,, Ths leading Conservatives in Ireland arc moderate inert, anxioul to obtain the good will of the whole body of th e peop;P, thou g h exceed- • itigli opposed to agitating partisans, and coarse ferocious brawltirs, Sir Robert Peel may find men, and we believe lie will find men, of -the Conservative party in Ireland, who are moderate, just, and even `liberal,' in the best sense of the wortl."—Sir Robert Peel, we suspeet, will he . sadly puzzled to find Irish Tories of the character al luded to by -our Contemporary. Where are they to come frOm 7 We have heard of none such in Ii eland, and we have great doubts of their existence, for Toryism in that excitable country always assumes its most bbnos iou:s form. • The Herald after commenting in the most high-flowiu terms in the transcendent merits of Sir Robert Peel's speech, goes on to observe :—" With a Conservative Government. we shall have great principles disensse(.tro,4 acted upon, instead of the rimscraole croLc.;lo: 6 GI tiiith. Ul' that scrim: of f:ee traders in morals, politics, religion, law, and commerce ! 'We shall have intelligible theories of e, \Trained laid down and illustrated, i ns tead. of fancy THE RAILWAY SUN, AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SUN, ARE NOW RE-PUBLISHED, PRICE SIXPENCE EACH. Sun Office, Aug. 30, 1841. ; ; io Z h p to r 01 ix i T k i k g „.! ) t r 4 a