The Sun. — London, England, 1841-02-13 00:00:00

,in rect • tcn the feet ~•~ ' the rho 301- ron iish pis" les§ unt 7ny, let, • ,er, inR a nd ual the ,ar, the ,y al erg leir $l. OS§ " c.e ler, °so , 7 rol 1$ or , r I ~ ~z~ 'for red 10 - .or' o re jhe ,our ,rit, . 1)1 1 ' cric et - • g° bi - Cli It': 65, 11• CO pe ENING 14`,DIT1ON. . O NEY CT and CITY NEW ~.. CHRO (FRIDAY vENING.) ha s N E I CLK—.As th e C omm i ttee on b an k s o f i ssue 1. :(men re. appointed, we have good grounds for expect mg that no obstacles will i o a be allowed to stand in the nay u t f . a complete inve ti ti into "'the effects produced on the circulation of the Country ga°n by the various banking . eats. , bli 1, th e issuing notes payable on demand." Such vier, mmittee, r words u;ed on the first appointment of the CO . ~t. and wc suppose they : have not been altered on thci :-aPPeintment. There is, perhaps, an unnecessary de fgree o f va gueness in the words used, and Mr. Hume re retted th at the Chancellor of the Exchequer had not lualtted what was the object of the Committee, and the re !Filch was svishedfor. On that subject the recent Pain " le t by Mr. No;man may be consulted with much ben ctlt, and it obe lio"Ped that the Committee bill accordingly , void the rock on which they struck dur gi last Session , by getting tossed about in a sea of c oefusio n reletive, to what Mr. Norman term s " th e eeonoinisin,g expedi en t s , or t h e aux ili ary currency. " T he ''''3l-cl, of their appointment point out the " effect of notes ;;,r6ned payabl e on demand " as the object of their inquiry. , 1 . ,,",n ''' no mention of bills of exchange on bankers t e ci li c t e_s and it is . not necessary for the Committee to Ilse er .."' too main object by going too much into abstract --minationa regarding these matters, and as to what are strietlY speaking "deposits " and what are not. The on the of bills of exchange current must depend ;greatly ben, the comparative value. of , money. Th . ey are regulated e state of credit. ‘1 hen money is cheap, that . is, is a full currenc •• and when banking aecornreolatien 0 4 , obtained on tts ) ; terms, the emount of inland bills of exchange will increas,i—will be large. When money .. tight, that is, when the bank has put on th. a cr e," the bills current will he diminished, 4 te ,, n —n ugh we have seen cases of exceptions, owing to the e a l e t4 . tioll to increase discounts eluting a pressure for e -), from th e high rate of interest. But as a gencri l ir ru e l- ' w e may state with safety that the amount of banking . • -"rnmedation will be diminished hi proportion with an nierease in the value of money. That increase is chiefly P ri t a ° ll cin eed !iy a diminution in tle tees of . the . c le ire v u a l n a i: oils , or, in other words, of the n issued by tt R• banking establishments payable on demend. Thus h t , • 'ee that the notes payable on demand form the e -14 of the bill or auxiliary currency, as the bullion ought to form the basis on which paper issues should, on th e ot h er ~40 the hand, depend. By a rigid shiting, then, on effect of these paper issues upon prices, and to 1 the r f a e „ l4t . ,, i value of money, the Committee will get the v l", n ,u, , tion of the whole fabric of our bill system, and II), j , " " 1 find also, if we be not very much mistaken. that ey l ikri reque „ n ,, t '' ups and downs " which afflict our . o . n s of th e et ' aeo derange the great commercial transactions rul e ofuntry, are to be traced to a departure t re e m n that ),. ration convertibility " which ought to . govern . . h t g - ;;, °f CI banks of issue, squaring their liabilities, by . a t r i e e -ar- 1 0 tile state of the foreign exchanges and the rota. 'ta c t ti re rn°nn t of bullion. There never was a more striking of e e , - ent than tl t f the late Mr. Page on the s . ubj,e rslirr ' ' , a (-) , , I a strinive exception to the issues, tnat they tonne( ,• r, thei r e r i n ' r at law of men being bound to pay interest upon dot, rat N payable on demand arc nothing more ell;rellietlianth.an debts,te d yet the debtors receive interest their ''' arnount, and the greater their debts the greater 1 ik Profits, i titel lB • - •—A commercial letter from Madrid of the . 2d Gse,lntnnates, though rather vaguely, that . the Spanish lilitlYnrnellt has formed the magnificent project of ceta._ ..,r this In g a c ontrol over the opium trade with China. For Ptiti s ilu i r Peso it has been suggested to throw . open all the trine n t he Philippine blends as places of deposit and f k i t (Or th e ractlerat merchandise this it nations, on payment e sid erabi e duty. From this it is anticipated G that , a con ell k ° r eTenue will arise, of which the . osertitnent . is th '' ° wn to stand in great need, and, if suc . cessful, tk e e r : t we uld also be a point gained of immense import ; elisi iie 4 t tb.e country, imparting to it altogether hc a a re n t e ht y , i tov erni e ! In r egard to commercial affairs._ T It lm, Os' .motives, without doubt, of _the ITl C' e e n at the tits 'l.°Ut need not be remarked that there . exists hardly ightest ch a nce of these objects being realized ell Who , nee .. end ev en 4° have so much difficulty in preserving a smooth f bl to ore. tete Cours e at home are necessarily too ee . . e . _ 14 04: t . in such distant possessions as the Philippine I - elia rh , "Neil their having retained at all under the many M l ° Spain has undergone is next to a miracle. tarn sr) '"--The foreign exchanges more favourable this af re ettieg d n ' and as the spring trade advances hopes :ere be"ent'Y entertained that the rate of discount w 1 - 17 ° lighter, and public confidence be increased.. Oi; . e Prices current of bills on Paris were 23f. 52c. to Pre a k ; on Ainsterdam I'2 21; on Antwerp 12 21 on 1 0 , tort 1314_81 , I on Hamburgh 13 7k ; and on Trieste I ' to •-) ' kr ) i l, , ••• • 4 y tit"e, Lnglish funds a steady businees was done t o . fi at , °bout i per cent, advance on the previous qui ta ' for t 3 h . Consols were 881 to i for Money, and BSI- to 4- At ie ..° 25th instant. Exchequer Bills were 3s. to 7a. le e ai; India Bonds 12s. to 17s. discount. ; Bank Stock f 111 e ; p lnd the Reduc e d Tnree per Cents., 88i-do -a :9 'ttlind - °re ign account w as se ttled t o -d a y, a nd it wa abo ut 1 th e fl uctuation in Spanish Bonds had been S ti,, —• l is and in Portuguese A per cent. Spanish At. ktie %e t ? ek W as not higher than 23: to 23i-. ; AI P.e o.rtii ti- eae tFive per C ents . were at 31i to / at ti t i t - ' 7 .1 to i ; Brazilian at 71 4 1 to 72, and Russian Th, lt . l 'roo„k aL lway Shares were depressed. Great Western i th e ir t 2 2. to 0 .1, and Birmingham 83 premiu t m, , an d S har r ' ght° n 7i discount. P,•ovin&al Bank of act an es were et 18 to 18 1 premium. Ab •••-------t LIT ICAr SUMMARY OF THE MORNING JOURNALS. the h e m E -- ` °rlr in.7 Chronicle thus accounts for the result of 444 ar Surrey Election :—. The lateness of the appear. hacr t , t) Mr. Alcock, and the knowledge that the Tories generatilleed the delay to the best account, led to a . very , , 41 030 8 t ,belief that if he proceeded to the poll, st . ill . it wag ( tow ! , ,liniPossiblo that he should succeed; and it is well cur ti; "It electors will not brave intimidation and lin elNte trouble of polling, especially if the season be l ilillit i ltt w hen not buo ied up by the hope of success. 4 ea 41 t his case undue Y influence and intimidation baste Pollia"ereised is notorious. Tory Magistrates at the itrikiP%ths displayed their partisanship in the - most vo ted - r manner. One peer, the Earl of Eldon, actually . 4 40, 4 'I Mr, Antrobus; and when a Peer ventured on 01 Nlr, Ste P , it May easily be conceived that other supporters li Al to it Antrobus would by nu means be scrupulous. 1 r _ testes fa well entitled to the thanks of the electorsif eae, e. n rtiey for the determination Inc has evinced in their elec tor The battle which he has fought will satisfy the tututh: t hat if they arc true to their cause, he will . betru, e -1. lo Net, bo fought this battle with a view to a , Th e ° 7 , ne e" Thtlie-„4,lntess speaking of Mr. Marshall's proposal for ex -2'4 i'' tue franchise sa s—" Ask the working men in :::::ene ibe i :h th at e precise ' benefit they dr a w, or whether they f ree et ; i n Y be at all from the possession of the elective %l e hll.'? Apart from the occasional fingering of a misc . - practice of which in the United States . ts t liey tc ,l t ', (4, and current as political venality can makQit, 'rid h2` t heir six days a week, earn their scanty wages, t hffr, -I ,e as despsrate a struegle with poverty as our owe and 1711`4 °Peratives at home. Republican bribery, as we 4 tl al e a future opportunity of showing, is the rotten t es , t ttte rt ;i f at l t h l ' t o o r r n s le s h i° 4 B ld br , i y b e e h r l y in ex ist en ce. T hen, Is a, have. under Mr. Marshall's con a,,‘rol f . e : l rr ginre 7 Men returned to Parliament without i`eriti)— qualification and paid a salary by their consti (llh: . " 11 d in .1 ' b l urchaseable tools th . J ali, , .. prooaoeity et ic . p . for e 'r c 'stry thlt mieht choose to bid high enough 4 4 , 1in tel, ° ;), ° P e r ration or camivance ; and if Parliaments were 3 ,,(1 i": 'fugitive nature of their delegated honours, in. roe: `noaneing responsibility, would furnish only the 14Th" er Motive for r - • early harvest of corruption. !Ri e 3f°reing Post, an 'in ‘ of Lord Morpeth's Irish 'ithi4etrtibt-°n Bill, says—" Il lt was g not we believe unti "" Iril ree (I 'Ya et Lord Morpeth's proposition of his thlrlen',B,4 Measure to the house of Commons, that a l t, 4i ti to Zne"ht struck her Majesty's Cabinet, and they ;Ye tn t i e l'nother, ' Well, if we must, we must, so good i ll to I, i : fin ality of the Reform Act. Perhaps it is as 'Mele e ;gin with 1r 1 d ' What was it induced this ehile-i Terrninati n e a h m. • zeal for a new elective hen. . in g er:: :reland--this—t ! i nse of the propriety of refus -egistr,4lenrnent ofn new acknowledged abuses in the te t , anon, u : re of I,' n itss a complete change were made . in the ,* a eer.st'le franchis e to be registered? We believe .t ,-I,'ltet,;`,,n'onication-fr Mr. O'Connell. At all cventc,. s t . " ii e ti v ery . 'rueett(rineans may have been, one cannot but admire anti: up tho! and offhand manner in which Ministers 1 4 . "e ent,,.,.'r.trunds to an important change in. the legis• would been h4O ~Itutiort of the country. Other . Ministers . 1 have n di, noon perhaps a little obstinacy mig it 14, v"i edi la Y e d, in adhering to what they had so often -, rtt theiri deterrnit t not to change. But our pre. 11411eci'nitie4,40T?.. deliglit'faul°ly" accustomed as they are to the t e "sity af 4 Polite and dignified Court, yielded to the t aunt its a-i)perorcunatances with am admirable . grace, which rl t M or Plate organ in the witty and elegant Via i ,iitli th :t e a l r ti l li h , B:rtiaoirrel:: IptP°A:fe,:?tt:isir.(?l:nbtjAt. tor.d.f,enoyefr:icias e r . r em e contains e s in the Designs 4"11 ‘ld'rers of l'• . Co protected even evcn to perpetuity, certain small fees. and the system it e" ',ell because the law has afforded them the stem n et r‘ of prole .; • • dv by should I N , wo r k c .Hon against piracy ; an. . et. Rifled for neual!y well in this country ? Is it to be s a , f : cleei gn, vn`oment that a designer, or the p o rietor th, f exp ea , e 4 ‘ ,, " . , 1 deem it worth his while to incur rp the e ra 'hits at b ". the' Same labour when he knows that j a tPert7 in tit"' geraus or industry may become comma months, instraa of c, mason property ttn,,iltilledv,,ei.?.... 'thereoree. has been, and there is still, a forma ; I : 4 i t s p,, j e e ti lv ar n th . is and a variety ‘itit the gen itin sbject ' of other subjects. . a question of lime has been mooted a ; ',Ton o f 11 _„"_:luetio n is not a question of time, but 'he s• '" i I prosperity and supremacy. tva''')(int?trialt(ir,Z4'l, Courts Bill eornments as . follows on . the Go. but To • . l3ill :—" What does it propose Nisi we 1 , 1 ,. g"o cheap justice' to the people Well, 17:41141'e 7, l i t st l ic e e,ur . ity that what it will . give to the people s aff, i Y ri o b :'t all. A had article at a .ow price . i r derl h 'irgaln. And w e say there is no security .t.t 4 l l l at c e.. th e 7 B l l ll ., is liiill that the article of which it is to re 11,v. 'orni s h e l L wld be a good one. On the contrary. the tiot,4 nisi :, i itself :,trong pre: , ,ulnptive grou : id. for lie d, beth i . '' s . r , .. of ' justi ce ' whteli it is to disp-nse will nee .. t which is likely to command the pubic rein& ea itli t,,vision„•: 1t . principles which lo u t• to. t ,'etic h u _ , to a c great t rw ae pub,ic stiovvii to be necessary fur the securing . . " e 4 of • . % Pure, upright, and efficient edmini s _ nfrieireee Jenstice. One of those principles is, that Judges kieesaf.",°Y the One should be removeabie at the ef th e ,Of the Cr ow e n i other nut r ta at the plcasuie rer,: 'a'cret, ry of Q. , or, in wor ..„ Department, who e,:i".7ei.tstlia, _....eate. for tine Home . t it it:r ri , the ,It,iton.tion of the executive Government which i t t r pr aposex 7 inistration of justice. Ike G . °vertu-L en t kli :i th e tti,.,t ti at .he local Judges to be appointed under tt 4-.C. ie NJ'' '. • ant (-(1 ""te, Ciould be whelly dependent 4PO'l'''''. ' 'Obite' of ' ll O Crown That effords no guaran iel4,l"etnic:e..sto the suitors. ' The :enure of the . jud . icial ' 41 1e.,.... ee " ' to be as uncertain a , the locality of the ' , I one ifs to be unfixed, the other ambulatory. ECO D 11 DI THE FUNDS-(CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bank Stock 3 per Cent. Red B9 Ditto Bonds 3 per Cent Cons ...... .. 88a Ditto Old Annuities — 3i per Cent Red........ 97i Ditto New Annuities... New 3, per Cent .. ... 97 Ex. Bills, i,00(/....2, , ,d spm New 5 per Cent Ditto but)! ti pm Long Annuities to expi re Ditto Small Bpm Jan. 18 ;0. Oct 1859 — India Stock for Acct ... Jan. 1860 ... FOREIGN FUNDS. . . A ustrian, 5 per cent Portuguese, 5 per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent Ditto, Ncw Ditto..... Brazilian Bonds .... .. Prussian, 5 per cent.... BuenosAyres, 6 per cent 241 Russian, 5 per cent. . . Chilian, 6 per cunt Colombian, 6 percent... 22 Spanish, 5 per cent 24 Ditto, 15:24 — Ditto, Deferred .. Danish,•3 per cunt..... French,s per cent... —f. —c. Greek.lB2s, 3 per ctent. Exchange .. Mexican, 5 per cent.... French,3 per cent —f. —e. Di to, 6 per cent, It - 25 Dutch, 21 per cent .... 50 I'eruyian,lB2s,6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent..... 99 S If A R ES. Birmingham and Gloucester Railway (100 p) 80 Great Western Railway (65 paid) 9oi Ditto New Shares (30 paid) Ditto Fifths ( 4 paid) Loudon and Brighton (50 paid) London and Greenwich Railway (20 paid) £1 London and Sou:h 11'stern .... • •• 58* SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. (From the Globe.) We are not about to institute an investigation into the causes of epidemic diseases, nor will we attempt to define the occult properties of the atmosphere, by which the human constitution is affected by disease or recover ed to health. The Marquis of Norinanby last night availed himself of scientific investigation, illustrated by facts, sufficiently to establish the case he presented to the House ; and carried with him not merely the feelings but the judgments of their Lordships, so as to secure the adoption of the measure he proposed, not merely with out opposition, but with strong expressions of commenda tion. Every man who desires to secure himself and those of his own house from the visitation of epidemic diseases, should be sensible of these facts—established as they are by the testimony of the most eminent in medical science—that the air is often charged with noxious exhalations. arising from the ;ltras( tan of animal and vegetable matter. The exhalations arc generated in low and marshy situations, or where stagnant water contains dead vegetable matter ; and their production is greatly promoted by heat. Their precise nature is not known ; for they have never been obtained in a separate state ; but it is ascertained that they are suspended in the air ; that naturally they do not extend far beyond ! the place where they are generated ; that by currents of wind they are capable of being carried to a great dis tance ; that they exert a powerful agency in the pro duction of' the most malignant diseases ; and that a long exposure of them wonderfully shortens human life. Tha ravages of the cholera in 188 1 will not be soon forgotten. The statistical inquiries to which that fearful visitation gave rise, afford a powerful illustration of the necessity of some sanatory regulations, to be provided by the Le gislature, and guarded and enforced by the penalties of law. The writer of this article was at that time resident in a town where the number of victims was very great, in proportion to the number of the inhabitants. A committee of health was appointed. As the disease was principally confined to one part of the town, a searching investigation was instituted, in the hops of discovering some peculiarity in the locality by whien the pestilence might possibly be caused. An old drain, leading to the river, was opened ; and such was the pestiferous exhalation which issued im mediately upon its covering being removed, that quick-lime in large quantities was required to neutralize the foul ex halations which arose, before the workmen could com mence the necessary operations. The main channel was found blocked, and the smaller drains from the houses which communicated with it were also clogged. Along the sinuous course of the main sewer, extending through a considerable district, the disease raged. The cause of the pestilence was detected ; a lime-kiln was built for the purpose of purifying the atmosphere ; the drains were cleansed ; and.the disease was arrested from that very hour. Not a single case of cholera oc curred after the cause was discovered—a convincing proof of its origin ; and furnishing a powerful warning to the inhabitants of that town, and to all others, against suffering accuruulations of noxious matter, which, sooner or latter, will not fail to generate pestilence and death. (From the Courier.) Lord Ellenborough, who of late years has made pro digious advances in the science of political economy, as evidenced in his patronage of New Poor-law mercies, appears also, in imitation of the Right Rev. Metropo litan Suffragan, to be making considerable progress in the new Drainage philosophy. He attributes wonders miraculous to sewerage, which the world never dreamt of before, for the very best benefit con ferred by sewers, as vulgarly believed, is that they afford convenient and comfortable shelter for the rat consumers of garbage and other impurities out of sight, instead of leaving them exposed, as in the streets of Lisbon and Paris, to the pelting of the pitiless elements in the pur suit of their vocation. His Lordship gives us cause for bitter regret that the following remarks were not present to his mind on any one of the multifarious occasions when the new Poor-law and its murderous tendencies came before the House of which he is so active a Member. For the reporters make him say that " he believed the moral end religious improvement of the poor to he totally inconsistent with their physical degradation. To build churches, to build school-houses, and to employ cler gymen and schoolmasters, was in his opinion utterly idle, while the physical wants and destitution of the poor continued as debasing as they new were. We be gan too far from the real source of the evil, unless we placed the pcor man in such a position that he might have some self-respect--that he might have something like a home. The object of their legislation should be —what perhaps this Bill would do ultimately—to secure a home to the poor man." This is generally excellent, although we think the Noble Lord is superfluously earnest about a " home" for the poor man, seeing that a very secure " home" has been provided for him ;d -read:, in those Bastiles, denominated " Union Work houses." ‘Ve arc entirely of his opinion that, until the " physical" wants of the people arc first and well at tended to, it is but a cruel mockery to he legislating for their " moral and iegious iml rovernest." But when he was so eloquent in demonstrating tne inutility of build ing churches and school-houses, and employing clergy men and schoolmasters, with a view to elevate the con dition of the poor socially, morally, and religiously, instead of previously relies ing them from the debasing degradation of " physical wants and desti tution," we are rather surprised that his Lordship s'iould, as it would almost seem with purpose "afore thought" carefully omit from his enumerated buildings those dungeon structures called " Union Workhouses ;" and from the list of benefactors and instructors of the poor, those tender-hearted souls, the Somerset House Commissioners, their Secretary, their assistants, and their deputed deputies, the guardians, relieving officers, and masters of the workhouses. These are the people for freeing the poor fully and finally from all physical wants, which of course supersedes the expensive neces s.ty of churches, clergymen, schoolmasters, Drainage Bills, and all other the array for moral and religious in struction, comprehended in what the Right Rev. Bisho? of London terms " the appliances of religion." In truth, the poor have plenty of lip-salve, whatever else more sub stantial they may be short of. (From the Standard.) What is the use of Mr. Joseph Hume ? is a ques tion often asked, but a question which cannot be long doubtful to any reflecting man. Nothing is created in vain, though we cannot alivars reach the pur pose with which some animals are called into existence—many reptiles, for example, and some familiar vermin. Much as we may be perplexed to discover the use of these things, the analogy of nature assures us that they have a use. In the case of Mr. Joseph Hume the inquiry is the re verse of difficult. He is created and permitted to exist as the representative of a principle—if we may dignify with the name of principle, the enmity to what ever is reverent, generous, and amiable. We have men who hate a Church, and hate pure religion—the reli gion of Protestants—we have too many of such men ; but as they are generally persons of mixed character, the manifestation of their hostility does not produce the proper effect in showing why the Church and the Protestant religion are hated. Again, we have more than enough of Malthusians, free traders, clippers and parers of the salaries of soldiers, sailors, and humble officials, new Poor-law admirers ; but these men, too, are of doubtful conduct in other respects. There are some amongst us, too, so eaten up with envy and spite as to regard every man with abhorrence who has earned the affections and gratitude of his coun t r y by splendid public services.. These persons, however, are often wanting in the qualifications of a pcifict mold. Whit is necessary for the information of the public Rued is a meeting in one of certain qualities, until, as Junius says, " their combined sweets torture the sens Every one knows that Apelles fornied his ideal of consummate beauty by a selection from the charms of all the fairest of the fair daughters of Greece ; and it is only by a similar selection, though on the side opposite to moral beauty, that kve can have a perf, ct repreentative of the anti. Conservative. It will not do that we have here an anii-Churchman, who may be a generous and fair man in other respects ; or there a pro-papist, who may be distinguished by some good qualities ; or in another place a Malthusian free trader, who may respect the constitution and laws ; or . beside him an envious, who may not be an ungenerous, pers'on. Such distributed qualities prove little ; but when we have them united in one, the tpe of all the classes, there can he no nnst:ike as to the true source of each distinguishing characteristi c ; and all of them we have united in the lion. Member for Kilkenny. Let no man then say that Mr. Hume is not of use—his merale, as a means 01 public instruction, is beyond all price. Last night s exhibition of Mr. Hume, the Miniterialist, in 'con tact with Sir Robert Peel, the leader of the Oppo sition, is of great value. Ministers proposed a pen sion to Lord Keane. Mr. Hume objected to the grant, upon the pretext that tho Noble an d Gallant Lord lies under an unexplained charge of murder! au thenticated by the nan,es of his accusers. Sir Robert . Peel indignantly defended the absent Noble• man—showed that the charge of murder amounted to this :—A marauder had been wounded by a vidette, posted by Lord Keane's order to protect the peaceful agriculturalists of a part of AfTghanistan occu pied by her Majesty's troops : the fellow bad died of the wound ; and the regiment to which he belonged having misbehaved in the face of the enemy twelve months after, thought fit to trump up this fable of murder, as an apology for their cowardice. Mr. flume's assertion that the charge had been authenticated by names proved to hare been an utter falsehood, as it is impossible to doubt that it was a deliberate one. Lot any one read Sir Robert Peel's splendid speech, and then say, if he can, that the person these conduct called for that speech is (f 710 use. COMMON PLEAS.-(THIS DAY.) (Sittings at Nisi Prins, before the LORD CHIEF JUSTICE and a Common Jury.) MILLAR V. THOMPSON. The plaintiff is a tradesman carrying on business at Dorking:, and bringa this action a4,,,inst one of the direc tors of the " Joint Stock Trades Banking Company," to recover 100/., the amount of a promissory note signed by the Manager on behalf of the Company. It appeared that the note was put into the hands of one of the Directors, named Francis, to be put into circula tion for the purposes of the Company, and he applied it to his own use, paying it over to the present plaintiff in discharge of a book debt. The defence was that the Company had been defrauded of the bil), and that Millar knew it ; and secondly, that there had been no consideration. The LORD CillEF JUSTICE was of opinion that the defendant faded to prove that there was no considera tion, or that the plaintiff knew of the fraud cAnmitted on them. Verdict for the plaintiff. LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY. BIRMINGHAM. FRIDAY Nion.r..—The half-yearly meet ing, of the London and Birmingham Railway Company was held this d at the Queen's Hotel, in this town. GEORGE Cann Gcis, , Chairman of the Board of Directors, presided. Some preliminary business having been disposed of, the Secretary ( Richard Creed, E;ig the following Re port of the Directors, which was witysimously adopted : ". - February 12, 1841. " The Directors have to !nod that the traffic for the six months which ended on the 31st of December last, has considerably exceeded that of any preceding - half-year. The accounts which have been laid before the Proprietors at the present meeting show a receipt on the revenue state ment (I)), under the usual heads ef passengers, &c., par cels, merchandise and cattle, of 405,040/. 14,., being 61,8461. 7a. 91. more than for the six months to 30th June last, and 61,1301. Ils. 6d. more than for the same period to 31st December, 1833; a result which is the more satisfactory, that it is not accompanied by any correspond ing increase of charge. " Maintenance of Way,' which, in addition to the con tract price for keeping the road in good working condi tion, comprises all extra expense for slips, and for repairs of station buildings, is 6,228/, 18e. 83. IC3S than for the preceding half-year ; a reduction of charge which is due to the generally,improved state of the works, and rspe c;ally of the principal embankments, which, by their in (leased stability and consolidation, have presented an ef fectual resistance to the heavy winter floods. " The per centage of the locomotive and other charges, as compared with the receipts, is, in every case, less ; and the gross charge on the trafiic (including the mileage duty to Government and parish rates) will be found in the last half-year to be as 301. ss. 7d. per cent. to the cross re ceipt, instead of 341. 163. per cent., which it was in the preceding half-year. " Deducting from the net profit of 186,6891. 11,. Bd. the sum of 20,8221. 141. lid., which was taken from the reserved fund, pursuant to the resolution of the last gene ral meeting, there remains a disposable balance of 165,866/. 161. 91., on which the Directors recommend that a divi dend he declared of 41. per 1001. share ; 11. per 25/. share ; and 19s, 2d. 2.stlis on 241. ; called before the 31st of December, and paid on each 321. share ; leaving a sum of 10,866/. 16s. 9d. to be carried to the credit of next account. " In referring to the progressively-increasing traffic of the railway, as eviccel by the halt-yearly Reports, the areetors may be allowed to notice the gratifying fact, that out of 1,483,123 passengers, conveyed on an average sixty-five miles and a quarter each from the 17th of Sep tember, 1e39, to the 31st of December last, according to the Stamp-office returns, not one accident attended with loss of life or limb to a passenger has occurred, although during the whole of this pert)d the works were under going those extensive repairs which are inseparable from great excavations and embankments, and requiring the frequent passage along the line of trains heavily laden with materials. If, then, under these circumstances of disadvantage, the Directors are enabled to exhibit results which in the infancy of the undertaking could only have been attained by regulations well considered, and, with few exceptions, carefully observed, it must be admitted that railways afford ample assurance for the safety of tra velling, and that the London and Birmingham line pos. SeSiCS resources adequate to any ex tent of traffic. " The Directors, having carried the proceedings of the Harrow inquest before a higher tribunal, purposely ab stain from any comment on the extraordinary verdict of the Jury. " Reverting to the statements of accounts which are be fore the meeting, the Directors have to remark that the expenditure On the stock or capital account (C) has been, with few exceptions, for the objects to which they called attention in their last Report, namely, extensions of stations, and the additions to the Company's carrying stock, which an increasing traffic requires. " The recommendation of the Directors to create new shares, under the powers of the Company's Acts, for the redemution of the mortgage debt of 1,375,0001., having been acceded to by the Proprietors individually, a resolu tion of approval by the present meeting will be required to give effect to the measure. " The Directors have to announce the resignation of Mr. Edward Wilson, and their election of Mr. Christopher Hird Jones to supply his place. They have also to report the limented death of one of the original Directors of the Company, John Sturge, Esq., and that they do not pro• pose to fill up the vacancy. " The following Directors go out of office at the pre sent meeting, and are re-elieible :—Edward Cropper, Esq., Robert Garnet, Esq., George Carr Glyn, Esq., David Hodgson, Esq., Thomas Tooke, Esq., and Joseph Walker, Esq. A resolution was then passed, declaring a dividend at the rate of 8 per cent. rer annum out of the profits of the undertaking. Another resolution was passed, authorising the conver sion of the mortgato debts of the Company into new shares of 3'2/. each. A discussion of considerable interest, arsing wet of the following circumstances, then ensued :—The principal . workshops of the Company •for the repairs of engines Ste., have been erected at Wolverton, a station about midway between the two termini of the railway. So ex tensive is the establishment at that place that a consider able village, composed of the men in the Company's ser vice and their families, has sprung up where formerly there was not a single habitation. The Company has erected houses for the men, arid allotted gardens to them, and some time since voted a grant of money fur the erection of schools for the infant and adult population, but still there was no means of supplying them with religious instruction. The trustee.s of the Ratcliffe estate, through which this part of the railway is made, thereupon offered to build and endow a church, and to provide a fund fo,- future repairs, if the Railway Company would contribute 1,0601. tewards this desirable object. Accordingly, at the last meeting a proposal that such contribution be made was brought forward by a gentleman named Jones, who, it is worthy of notice, is himself a Dissenter, and was car ried with but one dissentient voice. In the interim be tween that meeting and the present some twenty-eight or thirty of the Proprietors, almost all of whom arc members of the Society of Friends, objected to the grant, and me morialized the Directors on the subject. They also took the opinion of the Attorney- General upon the legality of any such grant when made by a Railway Company, which opinion was against the grant. The matter now came on for discussion. The Quakers contended that, however de sirous they might be of promoting the moral and religious instruction of the Company's servants, it was not right that they should be compelled to contribute to the sup port of the Church of England, from which they con scientiously d tiered. They proposed, therefore, that the resolution of the previous meeting should be rescinded, and that the amount required should be raised by volun tary subscription. To this it was ninv!cl as an amendment that their proportion of the 1,0001. (about V e d. per share) should be returned to all who dissented from its appror:ria tion to the purpose proposed, and after a very long discus. sion, which was conducted on both sides with much good feeling, a vote was taken, when there appeared for the amendment 25, against it 17, thus confirming by a majority of eight the original grant of 1,000/. subject to any deduction which may be made in respect of the dissen tients' shares, As, however, it was understood throughout that it was not the amount of money but the pr'neiple in. ' volved, which formed the subject of dispute, it is not likely that the grant will be seriously diminished from this cause, hut, it so, it wa's understood tilet the full amount would be la ids up by voluntary subscriptions en the part of the proprietors. The . Dtr . ectors named in the concluding paragraph 6tf the report having Men re-elected and other buiiness trans acted, a special vote of thaniza to the chairman and Direc tors for their able and arduous exertions behalf of the Company, rtaa carried by acclamation, and the meeting I..rparated. tl t TB E SUN. LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUA RY 13, PAL tine advantage of communication both to London by N-weastle, an I to Liverpool arid Manchester by Car lisle. 3. The west midland line, fr m Carlisle by Bea took, through Clydesdale, to Edinburgh and Glasgow, by two diverging lines of thirty miles each, from Syming ton, in this county, or a point on the Clyde above Lanark. This is strongly advocated, as giving the nearest communication both from Edinburgh and Glasgow to London, as well as the west of England, with the ad vantage of accomplishing this for the greatest part of the way by only one :inc. This line is reported as the st by Mr. Locke; and it may be worthy of remark that it appears to have been by this line, and also from a similar point of divergence, that the Roman armies marched from England to both the east and west of Scotland ; and front near the same Roman station diverges the great par liamentary road, executed by the late Mr. Telford, under the Government Commissioners for improving the Commu nication between England end Stirling, or the north of Scotland. 4. The westmost line, from Carlisle by Dum fries, Sanquhar, and Ayrsire, to Glasgow. This is held out to be the best communication from Glasgow to all England by the report of Mr. Miller, engineer. The line to Edinburgh from Symington, running on the north of the Pentland range, is considered a much easier line, and through a much more productive district, than the one previously surveyed to Edinburgh by Unfelt, on the south of the I'entlands ; but the point of divergence, we believe, commands both sides of that range, as well as both sides of the Clyde. Sir Frederick, we nave also reason to under stand, was satisfied with the field plans submitted to him by the gentlemen interested in the eastern line, and was sarprised, after the long period elapsing since his appoint ment, that neither of the Nithsdale nor the Annandale and Clydesdale lines had been sufficiently mapped or de lineated, and this circumstance may, p . erhaps, account f, r the rumoured decision in favour of the east line. —Berwick Paprr. THE RAILWAYS Sir Frederick Smith has been activ e ly engage d s i nce the new th the western li t:es pro j ected into Scotland. e inspection i s comp l eted, he will then have before him the whole four Lnes, the merits of each cf which arc strongly advocated by their respective supporters Thu cast line, from Ed n_ burgh, by Dunbar and Berwick, to Newcastle, which its supporters hold as the best line between the two capitals—London and Edinburgh. 2. The east mid land line, from Edinburgh, by Galashiels, through Rox burghshire and the North Tyile, joining the Newcastle and Carlislo Railway at Bexharn, about forty miles frcm Carlisle. This is held out as giving Edinburgh RAILWAYS. A BILL FOR TI-IE BETTER REGULATION OF RAILWAYS. (Introduced by Mr. Labouchere and Lord Seymour, and ordered by the House of Commons to be printed, Feb. 4, 1841.) Whereas by an Act passed in the thi.d and fourth p ars of the reign of her present Majesty, intituled "An Act for Regulating lt►ilways," provision was made for the supervision of railways : And whereas it is expedient, for the safety of the public, to make further provision for that purpose : Be it enacted, by the Queen's Most Excellent Ma jesty, by.and with the consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parlia ment assembled, and by the authority of the same, t: at this Act shall come into operation on the passing thereof. And he it enacted, that th.e provisions of the said re cited Act and of this Act shall be construed together as one Act, except so far as the provisions of the said recited Act are hereby repealed, or shall be inconsistent with the provisions of this Act. And whereas by the said recited Act it is enacted that after two months from the passing of the said re cited Act, no railway, or portion of any railway, shall be opened for the public conveyance of passengers or goods until one calendar month after notice, in writing, of the intention of opening the same shall have been given by the company to whom such railway shall be long to the Lords of the Committee of her Majesty's Privy Council appointed for Trade and Foreign Planta tions ; and whereas by the said recited Act it is also enacted, that if any railway, or portion of any railway, shall be opened without due notice as aforesaid, the company to whom such railway shall belong shall for feit to her Majesty the sum of twenty pounds for every day during which the same shall continue open, until the expiration of one calendar month after the com pany shall have given the like notice as is hereinbefore required before the opening or the railway ; and any such penalty may be recovered in any of her Majesty's Courts of Record ; be it enacted, that the said recited provisions of the said Act shall be and they are hereby repealed. _ And be it enacted, that no railway, or portion of any railway, shall be opened for the public conveyance of passengers until one calendar month alter notice in ►writing of the intention of opening the same shall have been given by the company to whom such railway shall belong to the Lords of the Committee of her Majesty's Privy Council appointed for trade and foreign planta tions, and until ten days after notice in writing shall have been given by the said company to the Lords of the said Committee that the said railway, or portion of railway, is sufficiently completed for the sate conveyance of passengers, and ready for inspection. And be it enacted, that if any railway, or portion of any railway, shall be opened without such notice as aforesaid, the company to whom such railway shall be• long shall forfeit to her Majesty the sum of twenty pounds for every day during which the same shall con tinue open until the said notices shall have been duly given and shall have expired ; and every such penalty may be recovered in any of her Majesty's Courts of Record. And be it enacted, that if the Lords of the said Com mittee shall be of opinion that the opening of any rail• way, or portion of n railway, would be attended with danger to the public, it shall be lawful for the Lords of the said Committee, from time to time, to order and direct the company to whom such railway shall belong to postpone such opening fur any period not exceeding one calendar month at. one time, until it shall appear to the Lords of the said Committee that such opening may take place without danger to the public ; and if sit' such railway or any portion thereof shall be opened con trary to any such order and direction of the Lords of the said Cummittee, the company to whom such railway shall belong shall forfeit to her Majesty the sum of twenty pounds for every day during which the same shall continue open contrary to such order and direction, and such penalty may be recovered in any of her Ma jesty's Courts of Record. - And be it enacted, that the Lords of the said com mittee may order and direct any railway company to make up and deliver to them such returns of accidents occurring in the course of the public traffic upon the rail /ray belonging to such company, and also such re turns of the arrangements for conducting the public traffic thereon, as the Lords of the said Committee shall deem necessary for their information with a view to the public safety ; and if any returns herein mentioned shall not he so delivered within seven days after the same shall have been required, every such company shall forfeit to her Majesty the sum of twenty pounds for every day during which the said company shall ne glect to deliver the same; and every such penalty may he recovered in any of her Majesty's Courts of Record. And whereas by the said recited Act it is enacted, that every officer of any company who shall wilfully make any false return to the Lords of the said Commit tee, shall he deemed guilty of a misdemeanor ; and whereas it is expedient to extend the said provision ; be it enacted, that the said provision shall be and is hereby repealed. And be it enacted, that every officer of any company who shall wilfully give or make any false notice or re turn, or certificate, or other instrument or document, which shall be required to be given or made for the purposes of this and the said recited Act, to or for the use oftherLords of the said Committee, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. And he it enacted, that it shall be lawful for the Lordk , of the said Committee to issue from time to time such regulations as they shall deem necessary for the prevention of accidents upon railways. Provided al ways, that such regulations shall not prescribe anything of an experimental nature, nor interfere with the num ber of trains, nor with the times of starting trains, nor with the speed of travelling on any railway further than is necessary for the purpose of preserving an interval of not more than fifteen minutes between succeeding trains. Provided also, that no such regulation as aforesaid shall be binding upon any railway company unless the Lords of the said Committee shall have given to such company twenty-one days' notice of their intention to issue the same. And be it enacted, that if any company shall fail to observe any such regulation of the Lords of the said Comm:nee, such company shall forfeit to her Majesty the sum of 201. for cvory day during which such com pany shall so fail to observe any such regulation ; and every such penalty may be recovered in any of her Ma jesty's Courts of Records. And be it enacted, that whenever the Lords of the said Committee shall order the postponement of the opening of any railway, or portion of a railway', or snail issue any regulation for the preventio n o f acc id ents, i n pursuance of the provisions in that beh a lf i n th i s Act contained, they shall make a minute specifying t h e grounds every ch nii c i h ute ordersllall h ore l regulation f u Parliament within one month after such mi nute s h a ll b e made, if Parliament be th en sitting, an d, if P arliament be not sitting, then within ene month a f ter the com mencement of the next Session of Parli ament. And whereas by the said recited Act, the Lords of the said Committee are empowered to disallow all by laws, orders, rules, or regulations ma d e b y ra i lway companies, which shall impose penalties for the enforce ment thereof upon persons other than the servants of of such companies, and for that purpose all such by laws, orders, rules, or regul a tions are thereby required to be laid before the Lords of the said Committee ; and whereas it is expedient to extend the provisions of the said Act to all such by-laws, orders, rules, or regulations as are of a public nature, and that witho u t regar d to the penalties ther. by unposed ; be it enacted, that all by-laws, order, rules, or . rtgulatio ns ma d e, or to be hereafier made, by anyradway comp any , wh i ch are of a public nature, and which relate ,. to or affect other per sons than the proprietors, ofuccrs, and servants of such company, shall be returned to the L or d s of the said Committee, and shall be subject to the powers and pro visions in the said Act contained in regard to the by laws, orders, rules and regulations therein mentioned. Anti be it enacted, that on and after the next after the passing of this Act, no person sh a ll h e em ployed on any railway as an engine-dri ver in the course of the public traffic, unless he sh a ll h are b een licensed in pursuance of the provisions of this Act in that behalf ; and if any person shall be so employ e d on any railway Without having first deposited his license with-the-com- pany to which such railway shall belong, such company shall forfeit to her Majesty the sum of five pounds for every day during which such person shall be so em ployed ; and every such penalty may be recovered in any of her Majesty's Courts of Record. Provided always, and he it further enacted, that in cases of emergency it shall he lawful for any railway company to employ any competent person, whether duly licensed or not, to act as engine•driver in the course of the public traffic, for any period not exceed ing seven days, or such further period as shall be sanctioned on each occasion by the Lords of the said Committee ; provided always, that whenever an un licensed person shall be employed, the company shall give to the Lords of the said Committee, within forty eight hours after such employment, notice thereof, toge ther with a statement of the reasons thereof. And be it enacted, that it shall be lawful for the Lords of the said Committee to cause to be examined any person nominated by any railway company for the purpose of being licensed to act as engine -driver, and to license any such person as shall appear to the Lords of the said Committee to be duly qualified for that purpose, and, when they see fit, to revoke or sus pend the license of any such Berson. And be it enacted, that it shall be lawful for the Lords of the said Committee to appoint, from time to time, two or more persons, one of whom shall be the engineer of the company, or some engineer selected by the company, by whom the candidates to be examined shall have been nominated, to examine the candidates for licenses to act as engine-drivers, and the said ex aminers shall examine such candidates at such times and in such manner as the Lords of the said Committee shall appoint. And be it enacted, that there shall he kept in the office of the Committee of Privy Council for trade and foreign plantation a register of licenses, in which shall be entered the partitulars of every license granted in pursuance of this Act ; and in all Courts, and before any justice of the peace, and upon all occasions what soever, certified copies of the entries made or contained in such register shrill be received as evidence, and be deemed sufficient proof of all matters and things therein registered or contained, without requiting the produc tion of any such register or of any license or other do. current upon which such entries shall be founded, and without any further proof than the product!on of such certified copies, and every person shall be at liberty to inspect any such register at all seasonable times without payment of any fee or reward. And be it enacted, that it shall be lawful for the Lords of the said Committee to provide badges to be worn by licensed engine drivers, and every engine -driver to whom such badge shall have been given shall at all times during his timployment upon any railway, in the course of the public traffic thereon, and when he shall be required to appear before any justice of the peace, rear such badge conspicuously upon his breast, in such manner that the number thereon shall be distinctly vi sible and legible. And be it enacted, that if any person shall act as an engine-driver upon any railway in the course of the public traffic thereon without having a license, or if any licensed person shall transfer or lend Lis license or badge, •or shall act as an engine -driver in the course of the public traffic, or attend when required before any justice of the peace, without wearing such badge in manner hereinbe fore required, he shall forfeit to her Majesty for every such offence a sum not exceeding five pounds. And be it enacted, that if any person shall forge or counterfeit, or shall cause or procure to be forged, coun terfeited, or resembled, any license or badge to be pro vided under this Act for an engine -driver, or if any per son shall sell or exchange, or expose to sale, or utter any such forged or counterfeited license or badge, or if any person shall knowingly and nithout lawful cause (the proof whereof shall lie on the person accused) have or be possessed of such forged or counterfeited license or badge, every person so offending, and every person knowingly and wilfully aiding, abetting, or assisting any person in committing any such offence as aforesaid, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanour. And be it enacted, that every railway company shall retain in their custody the license of every engine -driver employed by them, so long as such engine-driver shall be in their employment ; and in case such engine -driver shall leave or be dismissed from or shall die in their ser vice, such company shall forthwith give notice thereof in writing to the Lords of the said Committee, A nd shall retain the license of such engine -driver until they shall have received directions from the Lords of the said committee as to the disposal of such license ; and if such company shall not give such'notice as aforesaid, or shall dispose of such license without or contrary to the directions of the Lords of the said committee, every such compar y shall forfeit to her Majesty for each offence the sum of twenty pounds; and every such penalty msy be recovered in any of her Majesty's Courts of It:cord. And be it, enacted, that every penalty not exceeding the sum of five pounds for any offence against the pro visions of this Act, for the it nforcement of which no proceeding is hereby expressly provided, shall be en forceable summarily before any Justice of the Peace having jurisdiction within the place wherein such offence shall have been committed ; and in default of payment, upon conviction, of any such penalty, the offender shall be immediately committed to prison for any period not exceeding one calendar month, unless such penalty shall be sooner paid ; and every such penalty shall be re turned to the next ensuing Court of Quarter Sessions in the usual manner. And be it enacted, that all notices, returns, and other documents required by this Act, or by the said recited Act, to be given to or laid before the Lords of the said Committee, shall be delivered at or sent by post to the office of the Lords of the said Committee ; and all notices, requisitions, orders, regulations, appointments, certiF.eates, certified copies, licenses, and other docu ments in writini', signed by one of the secretaries of the said committee, or by sonic officer appointed for that purpose by the Lords of the said Committee, and pur porting to be made lay the Lords of the said Committee, shall for the purposes of this and of the said recited Act be deemed to have been made by the Lo}ds of the said Committee'; and service of the same upon any one or more of the directors of any railway company, or on the secretary or clerk of the said company, or by leaving the same with the clerk or officer at one of the stations heionging to the said company, shall be deemed good service upon the said company. And be it enacted that wherever the word " railway" is used in this or in the said recited Act, it shall be con strued to apply to all railways used or intended to be used for the conveyance of passengers in or upon car riages drawn or impelled by the power of steam or by any other mechanical power ; and wherever the word "company" is used in :his or i❑ the said recited Act, it shall be construed to extend to and include the pro prietors for the time being of any such railway, whether a body corporate or individulls, and their lessees, exe cutors, administrators, and assigns, unless the subject or context be repugnant to such construction. And be it enacted, that this Act may he amended or repealed h . ; any Act to be passed in the present Session of Parham: nt. THE ‘, FOItGET-111E-NO;i7 (From the Boulogne Gazette.) A stern-looking matter-of-tact sort of a bookseller, named Regnard, was summoned before the Judge of this Court by one of the most engaging little milliners that could be seen in a day's march—so innocent, so prcposessing, so full of sentiment, the spirit of poetry, and the affections of the heart, that she at once en gaged the sympathies of all who were present. She had summoned the bookseller to restore a book con taining a" Forget-me•not," which was her property. The Judge—M. Regnard, you are summoned here to produce a book belonging to this young► person, called " 'rile Pious Hours of Christian Ladies." Regnard—Oui, Monsieur ; I bought it with a num ber of other books. But it is not a very saleable book. 1 prefer such books as "lc Petite Cuisinicre Bour geoise," cf. " les G:uvres de Piron," which are much more in the spirit of the present age.—(Laughter.) Regine stated that she had been apprenticed to Madame Duval, a milliner. Unhappily she had lately died, and her grief for her beloved mistress was so great that it ;nada her ill, and she was laid upon a sick bed. In six weeks afterwards she went to the house of the late Madame Duval to claim her little effects, when she found that everything had been sold off for the benefit of the creditors. Regnard—Well. that is an affecting story of your's, and reminds me of Paul and Virginia, which, by the.bye, is a book which has had a great sale.—(Laughter.) The Judge (to Regine)—Did you then demand the restitution of your property ? Regine—Only of the one book in question, Sir, which I was desirous of having, on account of its being " souvenir." Regnard—l have brought, Monsieur, a book called " 'firs neures pieuscs des Dunes." It is a good edition, bound in red morocco. Here it is : I am ready to give it up, if Mademoiselle will consent to give me the three francs which it cost me when I purchased it. Rcgine—l am willing to reimburse you for the book, provided you will furnish me with my own cony. That is not my copy ; and it was for restitution of toy own book, and not for an ordinary copy of it, that I. summoned you. Regnard—How Co you know that this is not yours? It is !.lie same edition, has the same binding, and the plates arc precisely what you describe. Regine (sorrowfully)—Oh ! I know my own poor little hook. It always opens in the same place ; and besides, it has been inure used than this. The Judgr—A book has been delivered to the officer of the Court, M. R. , guard, very like that which you produce. Your wife, it appears, found it in- the shop. Look, Mademoiselle, is this your book ? Regine (trembling with joy)—Oh, yes, yes, yes, that is mine. ',IA .14:Aid , How do you distinguish it ? Re - ;ine—lt Llways opens at the same place, nt the mass. Look, you kid see it open. Hereupon RPginc took the precious little volume in her hands, which at once, almost of its own accord, o pened ia the centre, and at the spot indicated, disclosing to sicw a little (hied eincinten of the nsyosotis, or " Forgct-me-not.' Judge—Did you place the flower there ? Itegine—Oh, Monsieur, if I had placed it there, think you that I should have set such a value upon the book? Oh no ; it was placed there by my dear mother, only two short weeks before she descended to the silent grave ; and I have so often wept upon that page when praying for her repose, that the book always opens in the cne place. All present were much moved by the unaffected s'mplicity and affection of the poor girl ; and in deed the bookseller himself had allowed his feel ings to be so much wrought upan, that he refused to receive the three francs Nvi;ich he had paid for the book. Take it," said be, handing her the vo lume, " take it, and keep your money. When you are married, give it to your children ; and, to set them an example of virtue and :affection, you will only have to point to that flower and say, lac doublicz pas.'" GLASGOW CATHEDRAL —Some time hack we informed our readers of the dangerous settlements which threatened the security of this ancient edifice, and that an eminent architect had been commissioned by Go vernment to proceed to Glasgow to report upon the neces sary measures to be adopted for its preservation. There is now no doubt but that one of the transepts mast be en tirely rebuilt ; in the meantime the walls supporting the superstructure of the beautiful spire arc being shored up xi h wood and iron !struts, which, as they most intersect the !;ateway, will temporarily obstruct its pasiage, —Court Jon, nal. It is whispered at the Horse Curtis that on the first vacancy in the command of either of the three regi. ments of guards, or of the Elm:et:old Brigade, his lioyol Highness Princes Albert will he appointed Colonel, and in that case Prince George of Cambridge would unques tionobly succeed Prince Albert in the command of the I lth Hussars.— Court Journal. ,-~- ; ~~ IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, FRB. 11. DRAINAGE OF BUILDINGS BILL. Lord NORINIANBY in moving the second rem ling of the Drainage Building Bill, said that the importance of the subject could not easily he exaggerated. The Noble Baron opposit e (L or d Ellenborough), who had already alluded to the quesiion, had stated in the course of his observations that he did not conceive that the powers given by the Bill were sufficiently large. But his first object would be to allude to the state of things which had produced those evils to which he was now about to apply a remedy. If thirty years ago such a Bill as that had been passed by their Lordships, many of those evils would not have attained their present ex tent, or would probably never have existed. As to the Bill itself, he intended to consider it as but one step in the right direction, and he promised the Noble Lord that he would endeavour to induce their Lordships to continue in the course on which they were then about to enter. The Bill had been proposed to their Lordships with a view to direct the attention of the Legislature to what was admitted to be a serious evil. In introducing the measure, it had been his endeavour to have as little recourse as possible to any new machinery. Perhaps it might be found imperfect in its operation, but his first ob ject Wes to apply the machinery already in existence, and not to establish a new body for the purpose of carrying out the measure. Ile was aware of the disadvantage under which he laboured in dealing with the medical part of the subject, but he would endeavour to allude, in as few words as possible, to that part of the question. It wes now a universally established fact, that very many of the diseases to which human nature was subject, arose from malaria proceeding from a disorganisation of animal and vegetable matter. That was a poison which affected the constitu ' tion as surely, though not as speedily, as any other. It had been proved that that poison had a substantive exist ence; and a certain portion cf air saturated with that ma laria, and introduced into the reins of animals, had been shown to be fatal. It had also been proved, that disease bad been removed by the changes which put an end to that malaria. There was a Report of a Committee of the House of Commons, from which he would quote a few instances, by way of illustrating that assertion. In Euston-square, at the ter minus of the Birmingham Railway, there was an open ditch, in which the drains of the neighbourhood discharged themselves; and the consequence was, that typhus or some other description of fever usually prevailed in that dis trict. The ditch, however, was covered in, and fever had never since been known to prevail in the neighbuurhocd. A similar case occurred in High -street, Holborn, where fever prevailed for want of a sewer adjoining a slaughter house. The sewer was made, and the malsdv bad disap. peered. If there should he a Central Board of Inquiry appointed, he was satisfied, whatever Board might be, that it ought to he distinct from the Poor-law Commis. sioners. The Noble Lord, after mentioning several dis tressing cases of misery and poverty that had been re. ported to him, drew the attention of their Lordships to a calculation which had been furnished by Dr. S. Smith. We understood the Noble Lord to say that it appeared, from those returns, that fever was co-extensive with pau perism, and in one parish, that cf St. George the Martyr, fully six-sevenths of the paupers were attacked with fever. But in that estimate a large portion of the labouring population was not included, and therefore it fell far short of the whole amount of disease. That the want of sewerage was a principal cause of fever appeared from two maps which accompanied the Report. One of these was a map of the sewers, arid the other of the course of the fever, which were exactly the inverse of each other—the fever having travelled in the opposite direction to the sewers.—( Hear, hear.) The deficient drainage, however, was not the only cause. The crowded and badly ventilated state of the habitations in the parer neighbourhoods tended greatly to propagate the disease. Dr. Smith and Mr. Pennythorne stated instances of three and four families living in one room, and Gine instance of se venteen persons living in the same room by dar, and sleeping in it by night. Toe mass of misery thus laid bare did not, such was the colossal state of the society in which we lived, make any visible impression on the statistical re turrs of the empire, but he was sure the evils that were found to exist in many portions of it only required to be known to secure the assistance of those who were ever ready to stretch forth the hand of charity to those who needed its assistance. And when he remembered how much to the credit of the benevolent in our community was raised front public ss mpathy, to ameliorate the condition of the dis tant negro, he felt qiiite certain they could not be indifs ferent to such a state of things as this as ithin the very bills of mortality, in which their own fate was recorded, when, at slight cost and little trouble, they would be able to avert so much disease and death from so large a portion of their fellow-countrymen and fellow Christians. He had hitherto confined his attention to the metropolis, and had stated that, great as these evils there were, they made no visible impression on our statistical returns, but if they turned to the great manufacturing districts he was afraid they would there find a different state of things. The Noble Baron (Lord Ellenborough) bad alluded to a fac. their Lordships should never lose sight of—that within the last 50 years the proportion between the agricultural and manufacturing population had entirely changed. Bet at the same time there had been an immense increase of population, and they must find some consolation in the immense increase in the amount of produce. lie had not yet received the report from Manchester, end was unable to trace back the mortality during the latter part of the last century, but from another record he found Sir Gilbert Blaine stated the mortality fur the following years was as follows :—ln 1757, one in twenty- fire. In 1770, one in twenty-eight. In 1779, one in fifty-eight, a nd, i n 1811, one in seventy-four. Inquiries on this subject had lately been instituted in the city of Calcutta, and a Committee appointed or, the subject, who, much to their credit, re commended that any sacrifices that were necessary should be made to remedy the evils arising from want of drainnge. In this Report mention was made of the efforts in this cause of the Marquis 'of Wellesley, the greatest statesman India ever saw ; and, as nothing was too great for his con ception, so nothing scented too small to escape his atten tion. The Committee recommended carrying into ef fect his Lordship's propositions. This Committee expressed the greatest admiration at what was doing in England, even in the manufacturing towns. At the present mo ment their exact state could not be ascertained, as the census was not completed ; but if they took the population which i n 1831 was 236,000, to be nose in round numbers 280,000, the deaths last year being 9,270, it would be found the number of deaths in 1841, exactly thirty years after the last date in Si: Gilb.,q3, Blaine's Report, hal exactly doubled. If they turned to Glasgow, they would find Mr. Symonds, a great authority, said, " I have seen human degradation in some of its worst phases, both in England and abroad, but I can Advisedly say, until I visited the wynds of Glasgow I never saw so large an amount of filth, misery, and degradation, exiting in any one spot in a civi lized country." In 1821 the deaths were 1 in 39 1831 1833 1 in 29 1839 1 in 26 1840 1 in 25 Then, as to Liverpool, the calculation made by Dr. Bow ring was, that there were good cellars, and that 35,000 of the working population of Liverpool lived in these good cellars. Tare mortality in the cellars was thirty-five per cent. more than it ought to be with reference to the rest of the population ; about 86,400 lived in close courts, in which there was no under drainage whatever. It was unnecessary to enter into a detail of what must be the consequence of such a state of things, but Dr. Bewrilig had stated in his report, the stench was so horrible that it could not be endured. The condition of the people of Hull wise better than the condition of the p,,pn lation of some other large towns ; b u t Hull wasruing, into great importance as a sea-port town, and many of that ruing new buildings were liable to every posiible objection, and unnecessary to go through the other large towns , but be which it was the intention of his Bill to thwart. It was would just mention a fact which showed how milica!thy to which he halt partial -1,11,7; alluded, must a u r s i t d b l e a — rge thri7l ' Manchester the deaths of Children under three years of age, in 1839, wore 498 in 1,000 ; in London, 398 in 1,000; in the agricultural parts of Yorkshire 282; and in Northumberland 253. Tile deaths in Manchester above 70, in 1839, were only 53 in 1,000 ; in the metropolis 9f.) in 1,000; in the agricultural districts of Yorkshire 202 in 1.000 ; in Northumberland 211) in 1,000. It was not his intention to extend the pro visions attic Bill to Scotland unless lie could adapt theta the machinery at present in use in that country. H e had no objection to the. Bill being extended to Ireland. — on the face of r (Hear, bear ) Indeed lie could saf e ly say, from his kno w - f lie a opportunity o f s public walk s , and of ledge of Ireland , that there was no country the globe that stood more in need o f such a mea or classes taneee of n l a terding to fet the l labouring ) : Public as ocia commenion in free air. That, as well as , grounds, were subjects well wort h y of s . ns and burying ea. Lordships' at tention. The Noble Lord, in co lic uiiou,moved the se cond reading of the Bill, and trusted that their I rdshies would not only pa ss it, but co n n tlnue to give the matter their most serious att ent i on The M b Marquis of SALI - B ( ear ' ) URI' not only concurred in .EVENING;- ED 1 TION. e absolute necessity of some such mei is ire as that which • 1 e Noble Marquis had introduced, but agreed that it was the duty of their Lordships to correct the evils, which were of very great magnitude, it was intended to re me d y . His only objection to the Bill was that it did not go far enough. He had, however, no intention of opposing the second reading of the Bill, although it interfered with many exist inerights, and introduced many provisions which had not Leen so carefully considered as they might have been, or as a Committee of their Lordships' House would enable them to be. He proposed, therefore, that the Bill should be referred to a Select Committee up stairs, and in doing so he considered be was not only furthering the laudable object which the N,ble Marquis had in view, but that ;be Bill would be rendered more perfect, and that a great deal of time would be saved. The Earig3f WICKLOW concurred in the objects of the Bill : but he thought that it was imperfect in its de tails. lie regretted that it did not provide for the better regulation of burial grounds, which, in his opinion, called for the interference of the Legislaturo. lie should wish the provisions of the measure were extended to lodging houses, in which parties often succeeded others who ha I died of fever or same other malignant disease. He was also sorry to find that Scotland was to be excluded from the operation of the Bill ; as there was no part of the em pire more in want of such a measu e than that country. It appeared that in Glasgow the manufacturing popula tion were not allowed to remove the dirt which had accu mulated in their neighbourhood, because the landlords claimed it as their property ; and in Edinburgh public • sewers were often turned into the adjoining meadows. for the purpose of manuring them, to the great d•inger of the health of the adjoining population. lie thought these were evils which required the interference of the Legisla ture. The Noble Earl proceeded to object to the clause requiring that no cellars should be occupied as dwelling_ houses. Such a provision could not be enforced in such towns as Liverpool, where it had been proved that 40,000 inhabitants lived in cellars. He also wished that some remuneration should he granted to surveyors. The Marquis of WESTMINSTER here observed, that those subjects should be best discussed before the Select Committee, which, ha believed, it was the intention of the Government to appoint. The Marquis of NOR M ANB Y was willing to consent that a Select Committee should be appointed ; and he thought it would locz better to submit to that Committee all objections of detail. The Earl of WICKLOW observed that, be would in that case reserve any further remark he might have to make for the Select Committee. The Marquis of WESTMEATII wished to know whether all the provisions of the Bill were to extend to Ireland. The Marquis of NORMANDY said, that the provisions of the Bill were to be extended to Ireland, although he did not know whether it might be found advisable to em ploy the same machinery in that country as in England. It was certainly his intention to ace a similar 1311 intro duced into Scotland, but he thought it would be better to leave the framing of it to some of the law-uffizers of that country, as the Bill might have particular interests to deal with. The Bill was then read n second time ; and ordered to be reforred to a Select CAnmittee, which was appointed for Friday ❑ext. _ _ Their Lordships then adjourned till Tuesdly. ROUSE OF COSIMO_', S. E'ER; 11.. LORD KEANE. (Continued from our Second Edition of last night.) Mr. WILLIAMS begged to know whether it was in tended that the Governor of India. or Lord Keene should institute proceedings 90inst the authors of the statement ? Sir J. 1 - 10 BHOU SE said the Government li;u1 been so shocked at the appearance of the ReplAt of the Military • Commission, that they had thought it their duty to call Upon the officers to explain how it had found its way to the public. It answer to what his lion. Friend had said relative to the conduct of the two squadrons of Bengal Cavalry, Col. Denny, who commanded them, had stated th,,t their conduct was so bad that they had been disbanded. An Hot. MEMBER said, as one of the Director:, of the East I idia Company, he felt it his duty to state that he. believed there wail not a syllable of truth in the imputations upon the character of Lord Keane.—( !fear, hear.) And with regard to Msjor Clihborn's disaster, lie believed Lord Keane had no more to do with it than any lion. Member of that 11,,use. Mr. HOGG said, when the Hon. Member for Kilkenny had mentioned the rumour to him he (Mr. Hogg) had expressed, his horror and disbelief of it, and he stated that no such rumour had r. ached him. Next day he went to the India House, and knowing that the news v.ould reach the Chairman in the first instance, he had inquired of him, and bad ascertained that no communication on the subject, public or private, had reached him. Now would the !louse believe that if there was the remotest foundation for it no report would have been forwarded to the East India Company or the Home Government ? lle believed the watement to be utterly unfounded. Mr. HUME wished to correct one statement of the Hon. Member, because he had not introduced the state.. mint relative to the Military Commission. He would ask the House whether, when individuals gave their names to a newspaper, the paper would dare to pubfish their statements if they were altogether devoid of truth ? lie hoped the explanation of the Hon. Gentleman would prove correct. Sir JOHN C. HOBHOUSE begged to remind the lion. Member that there was no name to the statement in the newspapers. liad any name been ;Ixed to the villalious charge, for he could' call it n,thing else, an op- Fortunity would have been afforded of intiu,ring into the truth of the mutter. Mr. O'CONNELL said—Was not this quite manifest, that if those persons were ready to give their names they had the India House and the Board of Control to make their complaints to? It was really too herd that the cha racter of a Gallant Officer should be assailed in that way. —( Hear, hear. ) Lord HO \VICE said the explanation of the Right Hon. Baronet wait as satisfactory as possible ; and ho would be glad to hear the [lon. Member for ktikenny say that, the explanation was satisfactory. Sir HCSSEV VI VIA N understood that Lord Keane bad never heard of the man's death until he saw it in the Agra Ucithbar. The House then went into a C. mmittce of the whole House, to consider her MAjcsty's gracious message relative to Lord Keane, Mr. BERNAL in the chair. Loaf JOHN RUSSELL said it was unnecessary for him to mr.he any statement relative to the merits of Lord Keane, or the conduct of the expedition under his com mand. These points had been sufficiently dwelt upon when the vote of thanks was passed. His Right lion. Friend the Pruident of the Board cf Control had then made a statement which would enable the House to judge of the gallantry and good conduct of the expedition by which the integrity and strength of the Indian Empire had been maintained. Under these circumstances it was quite impossible to imagine upon what grounds opposition could be raised. The proposal he had to make now was somewhat similar to the case of Viscount Lake in the year 1808 ; and with regard to the character of the services so to be rewarded the House had already pronounced its opinion. He therefore with great confidence proposed the resolution, reserving to him , elf the right to reply to any oljecions which might be raised by the lion. Member for Kilkenny. The Noble Lord then moved that a sum of 9 0001. per nnnam be granted out of the consolidated fund Pi a reward for the distinguished services of Lord Keane, and to be continued to his two next surviving heirs. Sir R. PEEL would not wait to hear the objectionr, of the lion, Gentleman, so perfectly satisfied was he of the justice and sound policy of the grant, and he . could not anticipate that any objections of the Hon. Gentlemau e position in which he the u i l i ds stood, ll ak e he his fel o t p p in ro io u ' d 's. of ilia ( t i ii ;poritviity of seconding the resolution, although, technically spenknig, it did not require a seconder. He would not be dissuaded from that course by the opposition that had been threatened, nor the prcliminatti di,cussion that had taken place with respect to the merits of Lord Keane. He carted not whether Lord Keane prosecuted the paper or not, and he should be sorry to impose upon the Noble Lord the neceisity of prose cutin“." the scandalous attacks up on hi s Lair farm., as the test cf his honour and his inriocence.—( hear, hear.) He thought every lion. Member's feelings would supply art answer to the charge. The party, when he signed the communication as " Injo!ed Innocence," should have made it " Detected Cowardice."—( Cheers.) He would noc disturb the unanimity that appeared to prevail in the House by a reference to any political questions. He thought that it was a general rule, that when the C.own conferred honours of that kind, it was necessary to support those honours by pecuniary grants. It was, he thought , general rule, that the distinctions conferred should be . fo proposal for a pecuniary lowed as soon as possible by a grant. He belrved it necessary to uctic i e thew matter:., delays on yr iateve . r gr ), in order to protest against any also l a l' r nwrits of Lord being ertablished as a principle By whatever test he tried . the T ur i e . , ,,, , ' was bound to say Keane and his army. he (S:rhßi;my deserving of the vot.. ill . cases of this natorc. that that general ellieei d • under his commend, that those merits by the privations and n su o;p ri r n o g po e sl r l e f d he tried t. , i t Z e ti greatest by y st privations, and overcome their obedience to command isci y oline which distinguished' the uy g s rc u a b t m o i t tte d d inicu __by that example of r the than gallantry they ever British troops even more_ , If h e tried those merits by the brilliancy of e xhibitecn their-exploits, be could refer to the capture of the fort of if he tried them by the general sucerss e' the cx. lti d es that test also, the general results of the ;tam -1G: : j u dt : z i n trl , °en w e: cre in favour of Lord Keane and his army. liss (Sir R. Ieel) found that general usage attached pecta in, e i ar w y o p u r i rcivbise exceedingly totlsto rewards adjudged Sad i j n u del d e gi c :d to tom thesake the tddier: fastantl exception to that rule in the care of the exploits performed in India. That would b e th e l ast exception he would by desirous of making. Those operations, %%Ida it was pro posed to the House to reward, were nut carried on under their eyes ; the places in which they were conducted were not familiar to them, and it was of the more importance therefore that th e y s h ou ld convince these men nhoset sack a n example in distant countries, that they warn net obli vious of their merit, and that they were ready to bestow 1 1) 01 1 them the sante rewards as if those services were per_ formed under lion. Me " eves. He could not h elp , , taning toat opport un i t y o f express i ng the regret he fit at the loot of yarn: gallant officers whose services had been -mous oh the utmost importance. It was impossible to g iv e a ny. public testimony sufficiently worthy of such services. It aso,s impossible to read the account ri the sufferings they etulurtd, and the valour they exhibited, without feelitqzs of sympathy and admiration ; and when speaking of the exploits of the Indian army, and when contemplating the be stowal of rewards upon the chief', they should also remem ber the gallant services of men of inferior rank, toy offering some solid trdaite of respect to their memory, Lord HO WICK said, that as on the one band he, in oramon with the House, had admirei the exploits of the army under Lord Keane—(he entirely:disregarc'ed, as be al ready stated, all that had been said in the bcginninc of the evening, and he trusted that that subject was fol• ever sib. posed of) --RS on the one I. nd he th oug ht it i m p s is s ibi e f o r any reasonable mart to oppose the vote now prop o:ed, as, on the other, Hon. Members ought to prevent the it minds from receiving any natural bias to the other side, and be induced to mark their indignation against the charge, so improperly, as be took it, brought forward in these news..