The Sun. — London, England, 1816-08-22 00:00:00

y. 17. I"t'UCllLdo .tlie DU KE,of NVELLING'FON. LETTRIt FROM TUR TAME; OF OTRANTO TO THE DUI4.IC r OF WELLINGTON. Nonehaled from our lastl 'File I't+lice is a political 'magisterial office, whieh, hi , ,ide its particul tr funetions, noeyt striae by irreguetr, hu . rt jeat, leg;d, and beneficial Inca sores, to ineteahe the streneth, and the resoarees of the. Government. The publicity of the pro ceefiings of the governing power naturally limits itseilicacy... It is, much employed on gliett ob jects, others are lost in the erowd and escape it. In the order of society all is not external,all is - not visible. In the . midst of this public world, there is as it were a secret one. The ordinary po .er of Government does not penetrate thither, the resadt is too far out of ifS way. Partie4, however, will not have such a police. They want denunci confidential communications, descriptions of persons, intrigites, and a number of inconsiderable trifles, to which they give greek importance. The properties of all the officers of the police are scarcely sufficient for the complex movements of a machine which may serve to plunge honest and respectable melt into ruin, but which is of no use whatever to the State. To what did the importance attached to the escape of M. Lavt4lette tend escape eteerly proved that the Government cannot possibly have eyes and ears, and placed the heroic devotion of a young woman its a still clearer light. People may say whet-they will, the whole has sensibility for magnanimity and generosity. 'Mis forttme is an affe.ctieg object. - It is very true that every Goverument has a right to pursue its enemy, bist where is- the necessity of making a noise where true was not aide to keep him fist or to seize him again. The evetition of this rklit is Ik9t Imre as it is lawfid, and in opinions Power . does not altc,, r s. carry the general conviction with it . Admirable &fleet of the power or morality ! fittore rinses host thum•elves with the cir cunistatices tinder which M. La vllette was snat ed from th at h; and all the exertions of 81101014 y not sot ceed in dishonouring thine who sur- . routided him with their noble and efficacious com passion. . Whoevt;r is not inexioable and inhu- Man has not refused his approhatirth to the result of theircourage: they became guilty before the .but they fulfilled a vow of humanity. have been often reproeched for not havi-g in formed the . King of what the Comtier - , the Mi nisters; the Fot•eigu Mieisters, did every day . , relief passed in the interior of families, This. is the . poli'ee of a Courtier who wants to .please,.'or of a sultordinateagent,who is oblived to have recourse to sal) means to give himself cousepreoce 7 -it is not untie. , y The tranquillity of States does not depend on things :that affect. only the higher classes of so.; ciety, or on the nature of the dispositions ob served there, • The itaibition of great has not any political influence, todess it be united with some popular Interest. Their hot holes, their Conspiracies, are impotetit - aml unavailing, unless they are favoured y tke active ca-opetation of the multitude. No opposition in the public councils, uo secret parties aro to be feared, when the Alonarch has on his side the attachment and, strength of. the , people. The repose of the State depends 'on the intel leer teti state ot;the working classes, of which the , people consists, and which , form the basis of the social ediflCC., This state must be, if,l may so say, the s't'ile object of the care and the'vigilance 'of a good police. • The .t.roWil ‘'ill always be quiet when their interest _is openly aml,hottestly attendert to; when every tline.; is removed that Can Weaken their con fidence, nsetessly offend theirpiejudices, corrupt. their way and manner Of thinking . and acting, anti suisteed their ignorance and credelity., Het:Anse these principles were departed frdm. because an obsequious and thoughtless Police bad etbsereed almost exclusively the Steps of 'the great instead of attending to the people,it happened that in the midst of prosperity,. opulence, and peace, it was nuable to suppress the 'first ebullitions of the Revoltnionolie materials of which, however, bad been increasing and maturing fur forty years, without being observed, or at least without any otAtittele hring laid in their way. Vge have not Awoken tit the pereon of the Monarch, it insist he thesobject of a particular observation. My doc trine; could not suit those who wished to make ofo l e Police, not a department of the Magis tracy, , whityli devolved under one common pro tection all' the parties that had arisen in the Re voltitimr, end all that bad contended against it, Jolt atl iequisit ion which would ,remove their s'e cret denunciations—my system was extremely dis tastefol to those who wanted to brand the past, in order to have it arbitrarily persecuted and pu stished for pardoned tromgrewions. The lessons of history are lust, and yet they ought to be re- . membered ; all does not succeed with hypocritical conduct ; one gains the confidence of men only by oprighthess, it is as necessary for the exercise.of rights, as for the fulfilment, of deties,, , But why inquire of the paSt, if we throw from it no instruc tion for the present, if we observe iu it only the faults orothers, and never our own ; let us be come wiseessed greater, if we possib ly can. yid Children I to-day you tread under foot what you admired yesterday: when will you tit•length he come reasonable, when wilt you learn to .0),- serve 'oncl to judge? Several of thOse who now speak With contempt of all that has passed within . the fise,and twenty years, were actors very suli s • , 'ordinate, and unknown actors, indeed, in most . Id.the Scenes of our Revointion. By , the help of their obscurity, they would, a s circumstances itertnitred, deny.or confess their parts,..but they , have acted's' port as well‘as others, they appeared upon thetheutic; even .the consideration which they.enjoy in their communes, howeVer ineonsi `,aerobic it - be, they owe to the places which they filled tinder Napoleon. 111$1'n . y haVe &one good; let them not fear to confess it, The good always adores life, at what ever, jieriod if . may,have been . done. Instead of struggiing ; d w an ishing to entreat-as it it were des itied, "they mOst_eutifess with all the world,. that .rnrons. like those ofnatorc, do Hot Pro-. duce evil alone. It js"an extravagant attempt to seek to observe whatever Iris heeu effected, thatis "great'or • useful in our Revolotions—. No one can deceive in respect to what has passed within tliese 25 years.—" The world is full ofit. • If people were sittiugated by Napoleon, they stew but little judgment in seeking to depreciate lion; the more they lower him thee inure they debase theinselves. tee traveller smiles with pity, • when he seesat what great expellee the eagles are destroyed the noniuments herene.ved or created, as it the memory of the actloos was dekroyed with the eagles ! •It Would be far inure reasonable to explain and to justify the admiration that was paid to him. At the commencement of Napoleon's Govern meet all was miracle, hiS glory had filled among all 'wh's, the highest as well as the lowest ; be possessed not only the genius ot battles, he pos sessed a science which is inure tisefuLthan strength to . combv—he understood how to employ it. His foresight seemed to Make him master 61 - events -obstacles were foreseen, every thing seemed cal ciliated butore band to valienish them. The trea ties were emieltided as rapidly as the battles were gained.--At what time did France shine with greater splendour ? When did she possess more power, than when all the Sovereigns . recognized Napoleon—when, all the soleitittities'af• religion consecrated him upon the throne ? lie the interior every trace of discord and dis union seemed to he forgotten !• Stich various, such complicated interests seemed to be recosicil-. ed ; all parties lived peaeeahly togerher. The se• vetou religious persuasions shared temples anal al.- lots with. each other; who did not then seek the favour of a look from iSrapoleoll? Those w!“-). !Iwo bowed themselves , the lowest in the oust be- . tore—him, confess it the least. Abroad Napoleon had ended the *mein the first hai: les ; all' the Sovereigns dfesired'to.live a,t pent: with him. lu .case of hostilities, tlie love of glory would have united the whole French youth under the standards ,and laurels ; the • yowls who had learned to consider heroism as a' water min enjoyment. . • flee fate of Napoleon was too rich in wondei iii our astonishment that people, who t ere noire capable of adiniring than jadg:og, doubt believe that the cause of thew lay neyouti the (molt. Ills empire. assumed the appearance of duration, and alonist the propel ties of t hat sat.rcd elimaeter, .which , intressel eipon the woks over tOlicli it passes iii its tapid career. rlil , licit. power which seemed to be eternal nits tle,t royed irself in thee excess of his ambition, the hope tend the fear of sreing• it revive ed him to ..klae 1q141)(1 of Elba ; all my Lord is, suilk.„ and sunk for ever on Ae. field of Walerluo, One thing goei before aii—honesty; he who in the &Isla his greatness was the arbiter of Fittrop.e, saw when he made a spoivof his own pledged word,. when, he . wanted to netfie .this sport, time prerogqiVe of his throne, how in an erit T l degree the just indignation of tite.same Sosercigeb, .and (tithe. same nations,. whose coisfutenee he hail gained, anti to whom he had given his everyluad in' EtirAipe, armed itself to ovArtnrow an arbitrary, .1 powcr t w hip 1 nijt tegolated by itidgment, nor sanctieord , by its own interest, .N.apoleon found hiii.selt moo cri-, ical a kititation., that like all those whoabuse their: power, he was compelleo to be always victorious, : that he might nits iinwhi:a . ted by revenge.. , •May what his passed illtSl MCC alto' having escaped one abyss, we way not he deyouved by another. All irregular power destroy*: itself. The most opposite extremes- prodnes. the %pinta Hphenomena itt the eatablishment, and irlttuge nations into equal misery. As .soart us lot pneoujrolied power is in the hands of one or of Lonany , „ • the snot al deterioration of individuals and !ttie weakhess of the State will always be the eon-. 7srquenee. 'Mere needs fur this no ticipotistn, no ;'danger ; it may proceed front the lightning which .trout heavey, or trOm the , torrent of popular errors, which, if they do not otPerthrow,.at least lay waste. . , I foresaw the storms which•mot: be caused by ; the mode of election, and the consequence of the elections of• one of the Chambers, ‘visind that the activity of the Deputies', which seemed to be come' destrpctive, migiabe checked by the for minion of CommtinalAssemblies. The overthrovr of this (list bulwark of our liberties has led to . the destruction of till the rOst. Min, before .he beltings to the Government and the State, belongs to the place where .lie was born: • In the boom of his family, the •first feeling for a country is originated and unfolded, and the interest of_ the commune is the first elvineitt of all politico!: inte rests. Those' who take it for granted that been may be united by a number of complicated fortis; that they may be governed by the publication of some abstract principles, are unacquainted with both the buntawheart and the sources of power; , one might say that they have-studied the anatomy of free co.nstitutions only in dead systtnis. Obe• thence forms the measure and the limit of power ; positiVe institutions unite men, together : the more the usual relations existing among them tire the -more do their confidence and their strength increase.; the more means a Government has, the mine strong and powerful it is ;.but by the re4stahlishment of the municipal Govern ment, the Throne may be 'amalgamated •:with the People. The manicipalities are.the first units in the order of the national representation - ascend ing the legislature, and the last,in the order of the executive 'rimer, which descends. to :.thens, and ends with Otani however, lesiened tlie number of so many sutall e , Onimunes, which cannot touch and balance each oiler. without being in each other's way, instead of helping one another. The nature of timings and of tt►eri requires, and even (tenpin's, that the, civil and political bodies be not too great or too small. In the order of auciety as in nature, there must be neither giants nor dwarf,- I have suffered myself to be lod away by im& lici t my Lord, which tire beyoiathe object of my letter, and which lam first to treat-of in my Mc Moir. The system which .began to be -predoinjimat, and which gained pound daily, compelled nie,to on withdrawing from public affairs, .as had tetircd•under Nditioleon As soon as it seemed to me impossible to - effect any ,gooit, l'he o King, had been able to tage again liossessiuu of the . . Thrnne. Amidst the rolling of the thunder, I did riot believe that he would be able to maintain himself upon it, Corruption and inexperience ruin States—virtue and talents preserve them. 1 beg ged his Majesty to accept toy resignation ; I deli vered into his hands the letter which contained the motiveS for thiS step; the King did me the •honour to answer, that he would consider of it ; I waited for souse days tor an answer ; as. I did not receive any, I took the liberty of Writing a second letter, in which 1 again explained all my motives' —all my 'apprehensions respecting a futurity, which threatened at once his throne, his dynasty, and the independence of my country. His Ma's jesty now accepted my resignation ; and was do good as to give me, in it letter written with his own hand, the•assuranee that - he would not forget my services—and that I should not lose any :part of my property in consequence of nu y-removol. Nothing further remained 'for me but to choose ' the place of my reiirement. When one has the misfortune of being celebrated, the - most ineonsi derable place to which one may, retire becomes important. l was resolved at least, by tl. Simpli city, the priva('y, and the:happiness of my do niest;c life, to secure myself from calumny. King caused an Ambassador's place to be offered me ; I gave Saxony the preference ; had "been so fortunate as to approach its Sove reign ; his unvarying integrity, which proeured on the throne general love, and when he Was re moved from it esteem, was the cause of this pre ference. "To the latest. day of my life I shall cheri , h t rmimory of t testimonies of goodness which I received flow thi , Prince after my arrival in : Dresden. It is particularly under misfortune that we learn duly to appreciate the value of be nevolence I must add also, •tloit in all the re lations into which I co me , in pollSAlpleaCe of my Mission with the DAL! of Richelieu, 1 have ex . peyienced every thiiig which a ak :i n of honour 410 feeling call do, tri soften air injitstice which all his efforts could not pt event. It is asked why. I did nut, upon-leaving : t he Millis), y,,,enter into the Chitinhei uif Oeputies, to whip ii several elector,it cifit.i:us,'among the rest a. Paris; had (Amgen Inc ? .1 Could I have eontemled v.•;:h advantage against the continually increasing excesses of re-action ? 1... n any one red ‘l the debates of the Chamber, and lie will see ‘+ hat 1 'night expr.t. froth th:s roo t est., A. noble minded mail, fur. 1). Argeosen, attempted tirraise his voice to point out 'the 'cense& nod' the atitior,S of the trould,s in the South of, France. Furious cries hindered him from - proceed.- Jug, the trutli"Unts rcpaised t; oin , the tabitne . lif the tuition.. What success could one hope hi an a,iscnibly in which t! le plrty,o(exaggeration gait) eti influence, \then (hi!, part , ', considered the most :ntolerable anni-cliy as thehecessary in'strument of rite tesiOration . 'ot orderl What ithotilti one say , f to melt who' saw the strength and power of the King in Vinlettee and treason in the language of nuxleration ? `Called to *peak on the •gi eat intth res:s of- the nation, whet Means does oue!possess fto he heard by those, Avijolbiolt they have only uo deliberate on the pride of some tudividnAs ? ..What could I lut , ve added . to all that 1 did as Pre 'sident of the , Governineht of France, a 4 Mini4ter, to otr iz e,, to conjure their: violch4 glen .to vlcriace their person:Ll vengance to the general good, and :to chilli.: only on the welfare of all 7 1 have es..- lianstett,' in respect to theta, all that can interest a fri e nd' to.hiseountry, I shall not cease to re p,,,it to them from my exile, my last words when. 1 was leaving l'aris.--•-•'r.tloW ifitre . one venture to s p ea k of the tritnipfr of a party when the sante. will either fall upon or all tet all ! There is no h o p e - ,.01 one latioital independence, no true ho no-nr except in our union," . The iictittragenient'whiti' s . the spirit,:of extra ' Vitgallee gave to the - re-actions soon announced the ; intention to make tote of them. That deputy . who , read it libel frOn, the 'lribune could e as ily giv e us information respecting the source of those encottragements, 'it he would tell . when he ob tained the libel, .and who is the author of it. In rain : should .I have reekonedon the support of the sound part of the assembly." This part pos sesses talents, just views, reason, it even- forms. the nlnJovity. - .lint there are amon g it 'many timid 'm :in! en, re swayed by the fear o f draw ing great e ~..,,v 'n their country, by thei r resist * w ance, thaw .y , t ieir submission ; Sometimes they are terrified with the phantoms of our revolutions, the spring of which is destroyed ; sometimes they are., hreatened with the 14ayonet of the fot eigners. It is absurd to suppose that any party could now obtain the smallest assistance from without ; if particular engagements, stronger thit.o the general engagements of Royalty are the consequence. , It is no longer the Sovereigns who triumph over France. A party then triumphs over the nation ; thecivil Wars has but changed places, the Ultra royalists are victors, and all the rest of the French the vanquished. . . What tukantage could be derived from giving up the Government to a party ? The grave 'mold soon close over its Goverrititent; even terror could not long support itl for terror vanishes at the first glimpse of security. Another, party would conic in in its turn, and would prevail; what would be cobie of France, what of Europe, if we were torn hy'ehanging parties, and transitory ; victories of parties ? . . Wherein such a state of things should we find the nation ? There is no more anygenetal interest, all the bands of social existence are dissolved, the heart of the State is wounded ; there is no more any thing but the shadow of a country. Remind , England, nty . l4 t ord, that it owes only to the sur rounding ocean its safety froth our storms and dis orders, which were comnion to all nations; let it reMember, that - the ocean Was on the point of being passed.' (fur happiness WOl.llO be more ad vantageous t 9 it than our misery.' But it will be too late to prevent it, 'when we are 'beat (limn' under it. ' -„ . 1 willingly behold the image and emblem of the Sovereigns, to whom our fate is now consigned iii that diversity, which the ancient mythology represented with two foces ; the one turned to the post, the other to the future. The Sovereigns tvillinot miss ttaecond ti me t h e i r generous o bj ect ; our: reyo,httion§ mgye.disturh Europe; we shun goin 4,1,1 e guarantee of o u r•i n d e p eu d ence, be ,. mun e we sapniguargntee:to onrselves our rep9sq. liar tru t h tile be 'the thought that there is a nariv will Blake itself the dreadful instrument Of the destruction of Friince. I do not refuse to my enemies the ,justice which I owe to all men, rarty spirit is more : blamed.. than criminal. Those who have brought the Mco , narchy to the brink of the precipice, fancy per. flans that they have saved it ; their ignorance in matters of Government is i tt discovery they have • yet to make. In human affairs people often suffer themselreC to tie led into the most lamentable excesses, hi ' names that they have consecrated. Heaven grant that the word legitimacy may not cost as many lives as the, word equality. The bad is almost 09 -• ways done under a sacred pretext. 'Happily error is not immortal like truth ; all on earth has aer end. . I .do not feel myself able wholly to.jostify myself in respect to the reproach made me of nub having entered into the Chamber olDepinies. ought to have appeared upon the Tribunal, had • it been only to give Occasion in my person for otte instance More of a tyranical and violent act ; 'misSion to Dresden might appear as a result of what. I foresaw, and yet I was not allowed to act for myself, and avoid these attacks. My Lord, on the 19th June 1 wrote to your Lordship: The'Republichas made us acquaint ed with the excesses of liberty--the Emperor willt• all the fatal excesses of power ; my wish is equally.; remote groin these excesses—to find independence, order, and priiee. I repeat at this m,nuent the same wish. May excesses of every kind have - reached the goal. The excesses of ill paties are alike when once the . passions are aroused k noblest sentiments may be exaggerated to a degree' in which they are only hurtful. I do not •com . plain, nor do 1 wonder at b.eittg:! barushied from France . 11 those whom I assisted to.- return to ,that very France. 1 know the ‘vicked. 'less of the human heart,'and I ani accuTtomed the caprices of fortune. In'the situation in life int. ;vhich I ant, it is always a, contrary thought th 4., it i, nt,t in tine power of any man to change the. , ()attire of things. Falsehood can never become . irnth. terminated; all iny ainbiti9r" is s.itiAied, Since I..have obtained among ( 1,0 :1 fi . ench an esteem, vi which •'ncvery where follow , Iny name and iny person. The jaitice and the': Voice Of. cvntutirs will decide w!leiher in tli 4 C lots bt ought site)) niislort no ~11 my co , '" try, the tanlt was nn all Sides or nor, and 011 oide was the greatest. • I repeat to youvGratetbe-ussitrances of my bight consideration. {Signed}• The Duke of o-rax.vro.. BRIGHTON, .417 G. By the arrival o!1 thoi Neptane . Packet, Captain CaEES:EMAN,. last nigh t ' we learn the parieulars of a fatal affair off Saturd4 last the Nancy Packet, Captain P A "' ITRtOGf., front London, arrived 'phi* the hachour„, jtv - heie she lay all the follov,ing (lay, ‘' itl,out at' ,tempting to enter the pOit. On Monday tuorii ing, about four o'clock, a party of Officers-, about 20,1rgin the Custom-house, took a boat alai " 111 ' off to the vessel, and desiretrthe Captain to brilt to ; this was not immediately Complied with, wbr: the whole party tired a volley of small tass,e,; tiff shots only damaged her sails. Tike cr ew td c NatuT vvcre inticaitlateA, a nd b e i n g u narmed the time, tan below for security. Another vol ley was fired, awl we re:fret to state two struck the captain ? 4)rie. of which peitetratetil2.!. through his body, and another wrotinfled ifs the neck. The Officers bOurda the . vessel; An' 'brought her to the pier lieutr at Dieppe) ‘ L v heir t. ei fouwere an g sh o e ol w is as in two hours after he eras wounded, levingi: , n n et d t„ n b i t i tt bn n o o rd a . rti , c i l i e le o c f Wife and ten children to deplote this m elanCh"li - catastrophe. The delay of the vessel eatvriag harbourp is not accounted tor,, and it is suppn:scis that the Captain thou.Olt of evading the duties briceeping out at sea; Which excited °/1 the part of the officers a suspicion thatlbe smuggling. LATE Mt!RDER NEAR FAR*HAM.-111C t" per sons suspected of having committed a horribt , murder upon the hod T of an old termer it For s p hotil-bCat, on . Sunday morning last, have aol , "I" on furthevinquiry, roved to he quents. On Monday forenoon it Was dise° ve , l "2,,,.; that a man of . indiff erent Character,' by trauc.; turner,. mid living adjacent, was missing loin 1 , home,home, and much suspicion was excited. ,in ;1 1. course of the afternoon, a smock-truck witv in i l r ,l- some distance from the pl ace , which, HP" c '7 - examination, was ascertained to-belong to t e dividual in question ;. it was in part rent, and ao b b l i o ol od uittte . nsdina T ey h na e lfit m leer a sn u to.r l oo ii nt m l; though evidently washed, still retained Mar : S it ie f was met, in the e placea.arrd under ' ito' strong circumstances of suspicion, secured. bee t' l murder, however, is not supposed to have c ,„ effected singly; and it is evident that tite,lo`:'4 tunate deceased has resisted his murderers, as 1 ;6 . body has been cut and wounded in at least the places. It is known that a few days. ue' r " murder the deceased had received nitwit 70 1 . 1 ' 1) a mortgage. staehtl . - H it On the 17th inst. at Mer B ri IRTHS- iin-ro , tv, Dublin the LOY ° . Reverend Dean of Ross, of a son and heir. ,:, th* On rrilay last at Stz.tighton-lionse, finutinCtion s " -P Lady of Lieutenant-G e n e r a / Onslow, of a daught,___2.l•,..---**** MARRIED.. 14 11 1 41 ,' On the 19th of January last, at Calcutta._ E— all fi ecal' i Eurof the Reng . al Nledical Establishment, to Maria tl- •, es ty' 4 daughter of Benjamin Bunn, gm, Paymaster of his Is) “'" s9th Regiment of Foot. of 014 On Monday last, at thyton, Henry Ushorne,°pop!) don-Hall, N i irfolk, t o Phoebe Am, Ortest dauFhter Birch. Esq. M.P. of the Hazels, Lancashire. Arr• Olt Tuesday, at St. Margaret's Church, , est tlitat4 „ C. A. Lees,ol the Inner Tette, to Sophia, youov., t tt% of the late Francis ' , nacho, sq. of ; Westmitol et 4ter • lia O in i s i ,------ . , DIED. v IS'il' , the 90th instant, in Grostenor-place,'Mrs. WO , r of widow of the late Rev.,Heary Willinulg, woo Chalburg, Dorset. . In llolton-street, where she had resided S7 Years,l.. lili'' Ph ' zalirth 011 i vier last, i Wife. Op . Mondry at Hartley Lodge, Lady 1-letstlicli•ei of Sir William Heathente, Bart, 'f . of Sir. On Tuesday last,\M rs. Mark w l s Dibdin, aged 35) -e ' Dibdin, jun. or !9t.triler's Wells., tpan da; At Smyllant Pall:, Soot latid,an the s th ins t. Risher Marquee -it, Esq, of lir:Wield. ' • r ... 2 .,... 2 ,................................r......r. '",--------. LONDON : Printed by J. IS. CAItSTAD No IS, .is • t o, imililinFs`; and published Lv W. A. SCHIPrS; A i , 1 1 3 y r e i r % sis e ' at the .Sun-Orriclt, No. ISt, Strand : witer A di l';wedi mentt. nrdore_ I.L•tteri.&c. (Pot:paid) /iPtlll 7 be 3'l"-.