The Sun. — London, England, 1841-01-13 00:00:00

MORNING EDITION. . - ORNi - N (-; ETI - r ---- T ON. :,.. ~. . . , . ` . _ -.4,. 7 : 4 71.-.9.:. i',. _ ....._ ~ , 4 6.0 . • . -, -4 4,0 • -- :CI.;; 0 ? - .:._ ' .._==-.., , ...., :- ' " ' • , Ar.--„, : . - .; -„...--=, ,-,-,*-: , , z fr:, „ ..,,,.. i ..- ~0 ,..-.),,r, , .... ~t A , 1 4 t - . i• i ),...4 ' 1 .." ...' r1.40.k . , . *4` - A , I It/ , ~ , , de., , ' V • , , ''. 1 ' '' , 4 - -.„ ..,,,i 71e t , ' ' —3 ;), ' O. ' i ll •'Y . . ~. -loc , f‘• '• .-&., 144 - ”,-,.', -1_ i • , • / 4 /- '-::' . Pit Pt ~ , -..... b 4 , 0. 4. --- - _, . --, , - .r.- —-........ T., r ,— .i.z) , ,V;k\-- 4 . - er r /, ,......,1 '."."', 4417 ' .." A T:' ' - . .ic.""' ' ....—,, , s.-4 , ,' 0 .7 ' -, - --4,e4Q : - ff-tole-- .. , i.4...v .4 ri „, / T GENERAL POST 'ICE, JAN. 7, 1840. • O. rICE is hrr ti , ve», that her Majesty's NstniaittCr- ' eral will he ready to RECEIVE TENIM.Hti, on i.fire the 28th day of January next, at 4' l ve o'Cloc , f or RUNNING a MAIL COACH with „tilt 110 PSES between LONDON (via YEOVIL) and AtTELI . „The Conditions may ho seen on application at tho Post-officesSil~sburv. SOALirr. Yeovil, and Exeter, or the Office of the Sur 'ec";nil S u p er i nten d ent of Mail Coaches in London. he Tenders are to be endorsed Tenders for the " London ' 1, 0711) and Exeter Mail Coach," sealed up and addressed to I:er Majesty's Postina:,ter-General. By Command, W. L. MABERLEY, Secretary. iE GENERAL STEAM NAVIGA TION COMPANY'S splendid and powerful first-class SIIIPS are appointed to sail for— , LIJIN BURGH, front Brunswick-wharf, Blackwall, every 3aturtlay and alternate Wednesday, at Ten. The LEITH To night, a d the MONARCH Saturday Night. . I ', I , E WCA STLE, from Downe's-wharf, every Saturday Night, ttt ' i glit The ATTWOOD next Saturday. Fn S lay U NDERLIND, from Downes's-wharf. The TOURIST, I'yJm. 15, and 25, at Seven Evening. RAIG EJT 11, from London-bridge-wharf, the RAMONA, n ",,,r3' Saturday E ven i ng , et f , I b n seeltrt berthsi, and for all information, apply at the Offices 3s —e C"mlim,ll :v, 6 te e 9, Lombard-street ; 37, Regent-circus; and , Leadeht. 1.1 841..111 Pa c k ages an d P arce l s are rece i ve d at the Offices, and eay 3' goods at the respective Wharfs. PENINSULAR and ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY, or establishing Stea C"lllmtinication with British India, &c. ; f under Royal Charter , Incorporation, granted November, 1840. Capital One Mi nn', in 20.000 Shares of 501. each, with authority, under the sanction of the Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Trea 44ry, to increase it t.) 1,500,0001. lAtthur Anderson Es DIRECTORS. Ric :sq. iCupt. Samuel Thornton, R.N. hard Il wurne, 17 Robert Thurburn, Esq. John CuPpbell KC H "'Brodie M'Ghie Willcox, Esq. * ' ane is Cirlet *l' K. * * Charles: Wye Williams, Esq. Jo se y i --on, Esq. witelula•itily'ar, Peter John De Zulueta, Esq. h P"wer to add to their number, and elect a Chairman and Deputy Chairman. li Annt-rotts : { fhe Mauagirg , 'irectors. The lion. J. T. Leslie • Jame.;ort Httr , ter, Esq. ss — Mum* SiTgli- ViiicorueLrpeherr, and Co. s o - ' - hi' 4l7 ll4l , eASiii , A , c4..,lt , PiellogitereKvs-; LICiTORS-J. B. De Mole, Esq., Merchant Tailors' Hall ; J. A. M'Leod, Esq., Billiter-street. T he Dir ectors James Allan. t Dir ec t rrs have the satisfaction to announce to the Proprie o and the public, that the ( barter of Incorporation for the biii: ty P a ny, among other advantages, limits the responsi of Shareh o ld ers to the tmount of their respective sub ier'Ptinns has received the Ronal Assent. pplicants.for Sh ares are i n f orme d th a t th e Fi rs t I ssue a t P ar of be allott e d on t h e 2 0t h o f J anuary next, an d that the Deposit 61 . per Share will be required to be paid on or before the of February, 1841, to entitle Subscribers to receive a Di vidend out of the profits, which will be declared in May, 18-11. No further instalment on such Shares will be required for tij mouths. The following vessels, now the property of the Company, Go employed under the Mail Contracts with her a nnually 66,8001.: foe which services the Company receive annually 66 )( 1 001. : :Tens. Horse Power. ORIENTAL ... (GREAT) LIVERPOOL ... 1,540 TAGUS BRAGANZA 687 IBERIA ... 515 ROYAL TAR aioNTRosE Insurances have been effected on all these Vessels. I ;his Company has been formed under circumstances pecu • t i: a.l l, favourable for insuring its success and the prospects for e 'attire are based on the following advantages, viz. : % 0 1',It is already possessed of property in steam-shipping, &c., p , - , r , r ,'arge amount, in active and profitable employment, and the lines 'm extension of its operations cannot fail to render the alre4 2. , f , y estalslished greatly more productive. hav e , " Management is under the direction of parties who . ste am ''"ropetent knowledge of all the details connected with Zf 1 1 l 'avigation derived from long practical experience, some z il,.erti having been engaged in this branch of business for eon years. i tta important branch of the Company's business arises W it the P en T . a " aheady established trading and passenger intercourse insula G 4 ' It has th e advantage of two beneficial Mail Contracts with o r nment. the .' The liability of Shareholders is limited to the amount of Thshares, b y reason of the charter of incorporation. tbe prospectus and form of application for shares may be oh 4pd at the Company's Office, 51, St. Mary-axe, and at 44, c gent-st reet, London ; at the City of Dublin Steam-packet "'Patty's Offiees, th Li Co mpverpool anyand Dublin ; also of the Bankers a nd Solicitors ofe . By order, JANIES ALLAN, S ecre ta r y. GRAY'S INN WINE ESTABLISH AIENT, No. 23, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON . A fter„ ten y ears ' exper i ence, t h e P ropr i etors of the Gray ' s kt i 4 W ine Establi s h men t h ave the sa ti s f act i on o f k now i ng t h at a Jiber a bsed spirit of enterprise with which they commenced It "ess lees accomplished the elsie.et they haped to obtain—the Wttinually increasing confidence and patronage of the public. a „. l ,t was seen that, while enlightened principles and improved T e ros of business were being extended to almost every branch i ttl e ° , atirerce, the WINE and SPIRIT TRADE partook of hei of those advantages—the consumers in many instanc es ‘l4 from small dealers, who frequently, from acci treotal or necessitous circumstances, were thrown into the wine pl afl e . e. w ithout the slightest claim to a knowledge of its princi- Pet e ' n t ; 6 ", e wlng little er nO -- eapti al, generally Ole most Tocire from al i n t ( h T e es 6e si e f ause the s, artieles they profess to understand perfectly unable to protect the interests awn 41.71: directed el their customers. Thus a wide field was open for capital and exertion. tat tle Pr o p r i etors associated themselves with a gentleman edu sius% frown his youth up war d s i n t o a f u ll k now l e d ge an d ac t tance with every department of their business, embarked esZies capital, epened• direct communications, and ultimately pert ,f lintimate relations with the wine growers and ship all countries, thereby placing themselves in the most p:°'s'able position to take 'advantage ef both the Home and ratree'gn Markets. They have always sold at a fixed and mode tif t r°6 t , which, together with their inereasin ,, desire to gra theY oth the tastes and wishes of their friends, has enabled tmulinentoce.suceeed in ra i s i ng t h e i r E s t a bli s hment to its present The lui et ßonded, as well as the Duty-paid Stock, embraces every ps s ib t 'f Wine, f rem t h e most econom i ca l u p t o the highesttio G e ntl emen who pre f er it c an make their se le the llog,sheads, or Quarter-Casks, in the Docks. e hp;, D uty -paid St oc k th ere are a l ways f rom F or ty to Fifty "of Wine on Draught, of which any quantities may be b ozen The Bottled Stock contains from Five to Six Thousand y ears of Port Wine of the best Vintages, from two to ten thei,plrartlihotytotlifee;retdh.e whole at the lowest prices consistent with IR thenaost various and most curious of the Sherries shipped peg late r 13 . aY of Cadiz are to be forted in their possession, i and rich treat * the Connoisseur in really Pure and Virgin Th e I, for tk roptietors, in returning their best thanks to the Public .1 1e "4 cons tantly-increasing encouragement their exerti , ,ns n a i t ,!Ifit with, beg to add, that their Business will continuc, re eti 'a* continued since the Ist January, 1834, under the dr ittatZit of Mr. Kislingbury, the :Managing Partner ; and their kr,f.'.lde w ill stimulate th em s till f ur ther, if possible, to de c its entire confidence. HENEKEY, KISLINGBURY, and CO. WINES IN WOOD, Itclu ding Duty, and expense of Delivery in London, tol- er PE' R QUARTER CASK. li,lp'feorrood o ditto Wine £l5 10s. 17 Os. i mmediate bottling E.I9 10s.. and 21 10s. k it extraordinary old Wines of high character £24 and £26 k RY pale, golden, or brown l5 105. Kle (excellent Dinner Wine) l7 10s. superior 01d..... . .. first cla ss Wi ne ILltr aordinary old, high character . los. and 24 Os. 26 Os. golden do. (Santa Maria de Xeres) r-ast India, very choice 27 Os. 30 Os. ItlA4) EUthe , • 16 16s. best quality i" IA 14 1Asi'''noon particul CAPI ALA, best quality.. Ojv••• ............... . ................ £B, and 9 10s. T AC, hest quality . WINES IN BOTTLE, 13 041, Per Don, exclusive of Bottles. t from th e Wood ze °4s. to 303. '-,Perior old, best marks ,IL,ted, two years in bottle 32s. to 365. aup.rior, five to eight years in bottle . 4 os. to 48s. Ms. to 60s. Itai r P,rw choice, ten years in bottle r* f IY,gold. 245. to 30s. tl i, colour or . browu__ Wine t ,i t Pale, excellent Dinner Wine • „ u th perior, any colour .365. to 42a, e extremely pale, dry and high-flavoured 425. "very superior choice qualities 4Bs. to 545. The gi)lden (Santa Maria dos Xeres) 4Ss. ... • ' AmOntilladO, very old tf,,v Tv superior old East India 6os. A D direct Id lest India 48s. to 545. F •ast Indi a , very o ld 6os. It ti se Serci a l, very o ld an d scarce B4s. AS DEU from the wood 9 8s. PUS ° ld crusted 2 to 4 years i n b o ttl e 32 5 . an d 365. ELLA S t i ili v ro .. ••• . 2Bs. CA„SIION h 21s. to 345. _ , rie or dry vf,',M.;AVELLA, the finest 385. it'I)ONIA, London particular °Bs. O:k‘r.,ISALA, the best quality l'r, „E, good and superior 15s. and 18s. "ANTAc ...... - lBs. and 21s. .................................. . te ?e, R EIGN above Wines in Pints at proportionate prices. 114 AND BRITISH SPIRITS PER ,4 G s A a L n L d O 46 N s . lkN 111 1 DY, Genuine Cognac JA ; V NbY, Fine s t o ld Charnpa.gne .... ..... ...... 28s. and 325. V lAIC A. RUM Iv TIMER BURN'S DITTO, best marks l2s. and 14s 16s. ' s ' l( EY, Scotch and Irish, various liit.i.repgti,, 2.s 16s. and 18s, Itt • LA M)S, Schiedam I • - kis. 6d. and 28s. I% i t. NI Nllllllll ..„....,, ti•ISH GIN, in 10s. Bd., 13s. 4d. and 16s. various strengihs...Bs., 9s. 4d., and ..„s; Bd. 12s. ------ best quality 1 , .. NI BRANDY do t 4 '. l., i s-Casli w i t h out discount, bottles charged 25.. per 114 0 , ...ainpers or ca ses I s. per d ozen, stone battles bcl. per 4, which will be allowed if returned. HENEKEY, KISLINGBURY, and CO. t i O . (' A' l ri , e Currents, containing all the varieties of their s, for warded upon application. ----- PUBLIC NOTIFICATION. hNI.EBSRS. SLOAN and CO., Members of Aff,Op th e iloyal College of S irgeons. 4, ARGYLL-PLACE, I t ', ll Eq / . % , 1 ,,;TREET, -- and 23, IRONMONGER-LANE, R''''thi ne ,' l l ) E, may be con •ulted from Eight o'Clock in the Iphilis \quit Ten at Night, on every variety and stage of I t e ,,tved'',',''it4 that delicacy and secresy they have hitherto . 01)- h, treatment they pursue will not subject any patient t -th e „ a Tait-tit or hindrance from business. ors Lase. of an ex ,7,eent 'lre th.ey eradicate in eight or ten days, if slight or 144-,,,tw0 or three , witl out the indiscriminate use of mer. ' 4 ' at a mojertte . m:pense. Generative debility, an( Strictures of tht - t Urethra, unhappily so preva 'tlirftl to tr, a Cdupo n th , is(, unerring principles which have in tt4lltrt, ' esrs Sloan and. Co. so large a share of nubile na• 4 . lir'i ut Z !marl y thirty y'ar in Londo-n, and which it will be nett exert ion to rhaintain. • ontait.ing oaclosure, will be answered by returp t t emi tred " , ti ) .?ow an ever dist ant, will be corresponded with until . I `, . No. 15,086. MORNINGS and EVENINGS at the POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. PANORAMA of the CITY of CANTON, by an eminent Chinese artist, under a magnifying power, displaying the most elaborate finish. The fine Model of the Under Cliff of the Isle of Wight, and the Painted Glass Pictures, after Martin and Dunby, have the full effect of the artificial light in the Even ings, as have the varied experiments, which are beautifully simplified. Als the Chemical Lectures, the Microscope, Diving Bell and Diver, and all the novel Works of Art and Practical Sci ence, many of the latter in motion, and the Band of Music. Admission, Is. ]URSUANT to a Decree of the HIGH COURT of CHANCERY, made in a Cause of AN KERS against EVANS, the Creditors of WILLIAM AN KERS, late of the City of Chester, in the County of Chester, Salt-dealer, (who died in the month of November, 1838), are, on or before the 18th day of February next, to come in and preove their debts before Sir GIFFIN Wir.soN - . one of the Masters of the said Court, at his Ch ambers in Southampton buildings, Chancery- lane, London, or in default thereof they will peremptorily be excluded the benefit of said Decree. WALTERS and REEVE, Plaintiff's Solicitors, 36, Basinghall• street. ASPECIAL GENERAL MEETING of the MEMBERS of the ORIENTAL CLUB will be held at the Club House on MONDAY, the 18th inst., at Two o'clock precisely. T. CORNISH, Secretary. Oriental Club, Hanover-square, Jan. 11, 1841. BBLE NAVIGATION. Notice is hereby given that the HALF-YEARLY GENERAL MEETING of the RIBBLE NAVIGATION COMPANY will be held at their Office, Chapel-walks, in Preston, in the county of Lancaster, on THURSDAY, the Twenty-first day of January instant, at Eleven o'Clock in the tritir4N Secretary to the said Company. Preston, Ribble Navigation Office, Jan. 2, 1841. ATIONAL LOAN FUND, LIFE AS -11 SURANCE, and DEFERRED ANNUITY SO CIETY, 2.13, CORNHILL. Capital £500,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament. DIRECTORS. T. L AIMIE ;MURRAY, Esq., Chairman. Elliotson, M.D., F.R. S. John Rawson, Esq. IL Gordon, Esq. Clement Tabor, Esq. George Lungley, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq. AUDITORS-Dr. 0. Gregory, F.R. A. S'. ; Professor Wheat stone, F.R.S. ACTUARY—W. S. B. Woo'house, Esq., F.R. A. S. LIFE ASSURANCE. Just published, the Seventh Edition, Revised by the Author, price 7s. 6d. in cloth. -11 .ETTERS to a FRIEND, on the EVI -4 DENCES, DOCTRINES, and DUTIES of the CHRISTIAN RELIGION. Besides the perfect security to the policy holder of a large paid up capital, and accumulating funds, with moderate rates of premium, the following is one amongst many of the advan tages which belong exclusively to the principles of life assu rance and deferred annuities originated by t. ..e Society, viz.— Power to borrow, ( without delay, expense, or forfeiture) two thirds of all premiums paid upon a policy of assurance. By OLINTHUS GREGORY, LL.D., &c. Baldvcin and Cradock, 47, Paternoster-row. Also, MORNING COMMUNIONS with GOD ; or, De ♦otional Meditations for Every Day in the Year- Translated from the Original German of CHRISTOPHER CHRIS TIAN STURM, Author of " Reflections," &c. By WIL LIAM JOHNSTONE, A.M.. The Fourth Edition. In a handsome pocket volume, price Bs. in cloth. Premium for assuring 100/. Age. I£B. d. I Age. I s. d. I Age. I£s. d. The Ninth Edition, with numerous Cuts, price 7s. 6(1. half.bd. 25 I I 11863521011 45 I 3 9 4 THE SWISS FAMILY ROBINSON; or , 30 I 2 4 4 I 40 218 8 50 I 4 4 2 Adventures of a Father and Mother and Four Sons on •.v.,r-irsr•rly, • 11.71T•Tirnyr,r, v - ,• - ••• - • • mr.u..-..”.• a Desert Island. DEFERRED ANNUITIES DEPARTMENT. By the plan exclusively developed by the Society, a single deferred annuity is made, nr,t only to answer the same object, but to equal in amount the entire sum of all the advantages neretofore only obtained by the middle and industrious classes by separate investments in Savings' Banks, Benefit Societies, and Loan Banks. Baldwin and Cradock, 47, Paternoster-row. Also, 1. TALES from SHAKSPEARE. By Mr. and Miss LAMB. A New Edition, vtilth 22 fine Cuts. 7s. 6,1. 2. A DESCRIPTION of more than THREE HUNDRED ANIMALS, with fine Cuts, 12mo. Enlarged Edition. 9s. 3. The LIFE and SURPRISING ADVENTURES of ROBINSON CRUSOE, with 46 Engravings, price 61. 6d. in cloth. 1. A small yearly or weekly contribution will secure the roost ample return for after life; thus-2/. 12s. per annum (Is. a week) at 20 will at 63 give the policy holder the choice of an annuity for life of 471. 16s. 6d.: 3941. I Is. in cash; or policy without further contributions of 466/. at death. 4. KEEPER'S TRAVELSin SEARCH of his MASTER. 14th Edition, Elmo., 6s. 5. STORIES from the HISTORY of ITALY. By ANNE MANNING. 19.m0., 7s. 6d. 2 Two-thirds at any time lent on deposit of policy, being a fund always available during sickness or want of employment. 3. Two-thirds of all payments returned to representatives in case of premature death. The report to the Annual General Meeting of Proprietors, pr)spectuses, tables, &c., may be obtained at the office of the Society, by letter or otherwise, 26, Cornhill, London, or at any of its Branches throughout the country. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Sec PUBLICATIONS. Now Ready, to be had at all the Libraries, and of all Book sellers in the kingdom. LONGBEARD, LORD OF LONDON, A ROMANCE. I3v CHARLES MACKAY, Esq. Author of " 'Th e Thames and its Tributaries," " The Hope of the World," &c. Edward Bull, Publisher, 19, Holler-street, Cavendish-square. This day is published, B RITISH AND FOREIGN REVIEW, NO. XXII. I. Poland—he , . National Dynasty. 2. Hallam's Introduction to the Literature of Europe. a. Th e 1 7 ...1.,,ti0u Queuion- Special- Inftructlon. 4. Prussia—her Manufacturing Prospects. 5. The Odes of Pindar. 6. The Court and Government of Russia. 7. Historical Publications of Italy. 8. The Porte and the Pacha—Foreign Policy of England. London R. and J. E. Taylor, Red Lion-court, Fleet street. RICHLY ILLUSTRATED WORKS COMPLETE, Published by CHARLES KNIGHT and CO. PICTORIAL BIBLE, in Three Vo- I lumes, imperial Bvo., bound in cloth, price Three Pounds. 2. The PICTORIAL BIBLE, in Four Volumes, 4t0., price Four Guineas and a Half. 3. The ILLUSTRATED COMMENTARY on the OLD and NEW TESTAMENTS, in Five Volumes, post Bvo., price 11. 17s. 6d. 4. The HISTORY of PALESTINE, in Two Volumes, super-royal Bvo. ; one containing the GENERAL HISTORY from the Age of the Patriarchs to the Fall of Jerusalem; the other the PHYSICAL HISTORY. Price 2/. 10s. cloth. 5. The ILLUMINATED ATLAS of SCRIPTURE GEOGRAPHY, with Explanatory Notices and an Index, drawn by W. HUGHES, under the direction of the Editor of the Pictorial Bible. Price Half-a-Guinea. 6. THE PICTORIAL EDITION OF THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER. With Notes and an Introduc tion, by the Rev. 11. STEBBING. M.A. In royal !Ivo. Price, bound in cloth and lettered, 11. Ils. 6d.: in calf, with gilt edges, 21. ; and in neat morocco or russia, 21. 2s. 7. THE TALES OF A THOUSAND AND ONE NIGHTS, commonly :called The Arabian Nights' Enter. tainments. Newly translated by E. W. LANE, with Notes, &c. In Three Volumes, royal Bvo. Price Four Guineas. 8. THE PICTORIAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND, to the end of the Reign of George 11. By G. L. CRAIK and C. MACFARLANE. In Four Volumes, super-royal Bvo. Priee Four Guineas and a Half. 9. THE PENNY MAGAZINE. In Nine Volumes, completing the First Series. Price 31. 6s. LIBRARY FOR THE YOUNG. 1. PICTURES and DESCRIPTIONS of REMARK ABLE EVENTS in the HISTORY of ENGLAND, from the Invasion of the Romans to George IV. Illustrated with 126 Woodcuts. In 2 vols. Price 10a. 2. HISTORICAL SKETCHES of SPAIN and POR TUGAL. With 14 Woodcuts. Price ss. 3 UNCLE OLIVER'S TRAVELS in PERSIA. With 24 Woodcuts. 2 vols. Price 7s. 6d. 4. The OLD SPORTS of ENGLAND. With many Woodcuts. Price 2s. 6d. 5. The ELDER BROTHER. By Mrs. BARWELL. With Woodcuts. Price 2s. 6. CHIVALRY and CHARITY, exemplified in the Lives of I)u Guesclin and John Howard. Price 2s. 7. The FIELD, the GARDEN, and the WOODLAND. With numerous Woodcuts. Price 4s. 8. FLOWERS and their ASSOCIATIONS. With Co loured Plates. Price 6s. BOOKS FOR EARLY INSTRUCTION. I. ARITHMETIC for YOUNG CHILDREN, being a series of Exercises exemplifying the Manner in which Arith metic should be taught to Young Children. Price Is. 6d. 2 EXERCISES for the IMPROVEMENT of the SENSES, for YOUNG CHILDREN. Price Is. 6d. 3. DRAWING for YOUNG CHILDREN. With Draw ing Copies, printed on separate leaves. Price 3s. 6d. The DRAWING COPIES are also printed on Cards, and sold with the Exercises, in a case. Price 7s. 6d. 4. FIRST EXERCISES for CHILDREN, in LIGHT, SHADE, and COLOUR, with numerous Illustrations ; being a Supplement to " Drawing for Young Children." Price 4s. Charles Knight and Co., '22, Ludgate -street. POPULAR EDITION, Price Half-a-crown, by post 3s. 6d. MARRIAGE —Its Intent, Obligations, and Physical and Constitutional Disqualifications Medically considered; with interesting and remarkable Illustrations, gra phic, narrative, and remedial : an original, comprehensive, and important Werk, addressed einelly to Young Men, and called PROFESSIONAL RECORDS. Also, Companion to the same, called MEDICAL CON SULTATIONS. Price 2s. 6d. Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvallio, 147, Fleet-street ; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Harris, 2.5, Bow-skeet ; and all Bookseller.. Just published, price 2s. 6d. PRACTICAL ESSAY on the DEBILI iL TI ES of the GENERATIVE SYSTEM, their Va rieties, Causes, Treatment, and Cure. Ilya M EMBER of the ROYAL COLLEGE of SURGEONS, London, and Surgeon to a Metropolitan Infirmary. " I am impotent, and no tit to live,"—Last's Records of Suicide. Sold by Onwhyn, Catherine-street, Strand; Ross and Nightingi.le, Liverpool ; Barlow, Birmingham ; and all Book sellers in Town and Countr.•. N.B. Persons in the Country may have th:s work forwarded by post (free), upon addressing either of the above Booksellers, and inelosing a remittance ai. NEW WORK ON STRICTURES OF THE URETHRA - Just published, price 55., APRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE CAUSES, NATURE, and TREATMENT of STRICTURES of the URETHRA, and their Consequences; with a Review of the different Modes of Cure, and an account of the Method of Treatment the Author has found the most efficacious. The whole illustrated by cases, some of them the records o f thirty-five years' extensive and successful practice. By FRANCIS BURDETT COURTENA, 42, Great Marlborough-street. Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, London; and late Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure of Sti ic- tures of the Urethra. Sold by Bailliere, Medical Bookseller, 219, Regent-street; Simpkin and Marshall, Stationers'-court; Onwhyn, Cathe rine -street, Strand ; Barlow, Birmingha:n ; Ress and Night ingale, Liverpool ; and all Booksellers in Town or Country. Of whom may also be had, by the same Author, price (is., PRACTICAL OBSERVATIONS on the CHRONIC ENL A.RGEMENT of the PROSTATE GLAND in OLD AGE; with Suggestions for an Improved Mode of Treatment. To which is prefixed, Remarks on the various other Diseases to which the Prostate is liable at all periods of life. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 13, 1?341. PUBLICATIONS. CUVIER'S ANIMAL KINGDOM. In Sixteen Volumes, with 814 Engravings. Translated by E. GRIFFITH, F. S. A , and Others. The small remaining stock reduced to the following prices : Demy Bvo Royal Bvo., coloured Demy 4to, India proof „ 52 16 ~ „24 pounds. See. Prospectus at the end of tire Edinburgh Review and the other periodicals. Whittaker anti Co., Ave Maria-lane, London. To be had of any Bookseller by order. On Monday, Feb. 1, 1841, will be published, price ss. (to be completed in Ten, or not exceeding Twelve parts) Part I. of A DICTIONARY OF SCIENCE, LITERATURE, and ART, comprising the History, Description, and Scientific Principles of every branch of Human Knowledge ; with the Derivation and Definition of all the wrms in general use. Illustrated by Engravings on Wood. General Editor. W. T. BRANDE, F.R.S.L. and E. ; assisted by JOSEPH CAU VIN, Esq. CONTRIBUTORS IN TIIEIR SEVERAL DEPARTMENTS. W. T. Brande, F.R.S. J. C. Loudon, F.L. S., &c. J. Cauvin, Esq. H. Merivale, A.M. T. Galloway, F.R.S., &c. Rev. C. Merivale, A.M. .I.G wilt, F. R. A. S. F. S.A. ,&c. J. R. M'Culloch, Esq. J. Lindley, Ph. D.,F.R.5.,&c. R. Oweri, F.R. S., &c. a * The Prospectus may be had of all Booksellers. London ; Longman, Orme, and Co. NEW WORK BY DR. CHANNING. Published this day, price 6d. EMANCIPKTIO N. By W. E. CliA/CNING, D. D. With REMARKS on the LETTERS to HENRY CLAY. By J. J. GUR3blEi t rrhlik Charles Fox, Paternosler.iiidk..: D R. LINGARD'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. The New Edition of this Work is just completed, in Thir teen Vols. foolscap, with Embellishments, and numerous Addi tions and Corrections. Price 31. ss. London : Baldwin and Cradock, 47, Paternoster-row. Where also, recently published, Dr. SOU THEY'S Edition of the LIFE and WORKS of COWPER ; with numerous Plates, 15 Vols. foolscap. Price 3/. 15s. PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. The following is the Message of the President of the United States to the two Houses of Con gress, at the commencement of the Second Session of the Twenty-Sixth Congress : FELLOW-CITIZENS O➢ rue SENATE, ♦ND HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES, - - Our devout gratitude is due to the Supreme Being for having graciously continued to our beloved country, through the vicissitudes of another year, the invaluable blessings of health, plenty, and peace. Seldom has this favoured land been so generally exempted from the ravages of disease, or the labour of the husbandman 'More amply rewarded ; and never before have our relations with other couetrits been placed on a more favourable basis thin that which they so happily occupy at this critical conjuncture in the affairs of the world. A rigid and persevering ab stinence from all interference with the domestic and political relations of other States, alike due to the genius and distinctive character of our Government and to the principles by which it is directed; a faithful observance, in the management of our foreign rela tions, of the practice of speaking plainly, dealing justly, and requiring truth and justice in return, as the best conservatives of the peace of nations; a strict impartiality in our manifestations of friendship, in the commercial privileges we concede, and those we require from others—these, accompanied by a disposition as prompt to maintain, in every emergency, our 'own rights, as we are from principle averse to the invasion of those of others, have given to our country and Government a standing in the great family of nations of which we have just cause to be pird, and, the advantages of,whlch are e.7ste.rieneed by tsar Citizens throughout every poitie; :!If the otiith to which their enterprising and adventarous :pirit may carry them. Few, if any, remain inseasible to the value of our friendship, or ignorant of the terms on which it can be acquired, and by which it can alone be preserved. A series of questions of long standing, difficult in their adjustment, and important in their consequences, in which the rights of our citizens and the honour of the country were deeply involved, have, in the course of a few years the most of them during the successful administration of my immediate predecessor), been brought to a satisfactory conclusion, and the most of those remaining are, I an, appy to believe, in a fair way of being speedily and satis factorily adjusted. With all the Powers of the world our relations are those of honourable peace. Since your adjournment nothing serious has occurred to interrupt or threaten this desirable harmony. If clouds have lowered above the other hemis phere, they have not cast their portentous shadows upon our happy shores. Bound by no entangling alliances, yet linked by a common nature and interest with the other na tions of mankind, our aspirations are for the preservation of peace, in whose solid and civilizing triumphs all may participate with a generous emulation. Yet it behoves us to be prepared for any event, and to be always ready to maintain those just and enlightened principles of national intercourse, for which this Government has ever contended, In the shock of contending empires it is only by assuming a resolute bearing, and clothing themselves with defensive armour, that neutral nations can maintain their independent rights. The excitement which grew out of the territorial contro versy between the United States and Great Britain having in a great measure subsided, it is hoped that a favourable period is approaching for its final settlement. Both Go vernments must now be convinced of the dangers with which the question is fraught; and it must be their desire, as it is their interest, that this perpetual cause of irritation should be removed as speedily as practicable. In my last annual Message you were informed that the proposi tion for a commission of exploration and survey pro mised by Great Britain had been received, and that a counter project, including also a provision for the certain and final adjustment of the limits in dispute, was then be fore the British Government for its consideration. The answer of that Government, accompanied by additional propositions of its own, was received, through its Mi nister here, since your separation. These were promptly considered ; such as were deemed correct in principle, and consistent with a due regard to the just rights of the United States and of the State of Maine, concurred in ; and the reasons for dissenting from the residue, with an additional suggestion on our part, communicated by the Secretary of State to Mr. Fox. That Minister, not feel ing himself sufficiently instructed upon some of the points raised in the discussion, felt it to be his duty to refer the matter to his own Government for its farther decision. Having now been for some time under its advisement, a speedy answer may be confidently expected. From the character of the points still in difference, and the un doubted disposition of both parties to bring the matter to an early conclusion, I look with entire confidence to a prompt and satisfactory termination of the negotiation. Three Commissioners were appointed shortly after the ad j-airement of Congress, under the Act of last Session providing fur the exploration and survey of the line which separates the States of Maine and New Hampshire from the British provinces; they have been actively employed until their progress was interrupted by the inclemency of the season, and will resume their labours as soon as prac ticable in the ensuing year. It is understood that their respective examinations will throw new light upon the subject in controversy, and serve to remove any erroneous impressions which may have been made elsewhere prejudicial to the rights of the United States. It was, among other reasons, with a view of pre venting the embarrassments, which in our peculiar system of Government, impede and complicate negotiations in volving the territorial rights of a State, that I thought it my duty, as you have been informed on a previous oeca sion to propose to the British Government, through its Minister at Washington, that early steps should be taken to adjust the points of difference on the line of boundary from the entrance of Lake Superior to the most Nort'n. western point of the Lake of the Woods, by the arbitra tion of a friendly Power, i n con f or mity with the seventh article of the treaty o f G hent; N o answer h as y e t b een returned by the British Government to this proposition. With Austria, France, Prussia, Russia, and the remain ing powers of Europe, I am happy to inform you our rela tions continue to be of the most friendly character. With Belgium a treaty of commerce and navigation, based upon liberal principles of reciprocity and equality, was concluded in March last, and having been ratified by the Belgian Government, will be duly laid before the Senate. It is a subject of congratulation that it provides for the satisfac. tory adjustment of a long standing question of contro versy ; thus removing the only obstacle which could obstruct the friendly and mutually advantageous inter course between the two nations. A messenger has been despatched with the Hanoverian treaty to Berlin, where, accord,ng to stipulation, the ratifications are to be ex changed. lam Iv p,y to announce to you that, after many delays and iiiiculties, a treaty of commerce and navigation between the United States and Portagal was concluded and signed at Lisbon, on the 26th of August last, by the Plenipotentiaries of the two Governments. Its stipulations arc founded upon those principles of mu. tual liberality and advantage which the United States have always sought to make the basis of their intercourse with Foreign Powers, and it is hoped they will tend to foster and strengthen the commercial intercourse of the two countries. Under the appropriation of the last session of Congress, an agent has been scnt to Germany for the purpose of pro moting the interests of our tobacco trade. The Commissioners appointed under the convention for the adjustment of claims of citizens of the United States upon Mexico having met and organized at Washington, in August last, the papers in the possession of the Govern ment relating to those claims, were communicated to the Board. The claims not embraced by that convention are now the subject of negotiation between the two Govern ments, through the medium of our Minister at Mexico. Nothing has occurred to disturb the harmony of our rela tions with the different Governments of South America. I regret, however, to be obligzd to inform you that the claims of our citizens upon the late republic of Colombia have not yet been satisfied by the Governments into which it has been resolved. _ . The Charge d'Affaires of Brazil having expressed the intention of his Government not to prolong the Treaty of 1828, it will cease to be obligatory upon either party on the 12th day of December, 1841, when the extensive commercial int.„course between the United States and that vast empire will no longer be regulated by express stipulations. It affords me pleasure to communicate to you that the Government of Chili has entered into an agreement to indemnify the claimants in the case cf the Macedonian for American property seized in 1819 ; and to add, that information has also been received which justifies the hope of an early adjustment of the remaining claims upon that Government. The Commissioners appointed in pursuance of the con vention between the United States and Texas, for marking the boundary between them, have, according to the last re port received from our Commissioner, surveyed and esta blished the whole extent of the boundary north along the western bank of the Sabine river, from its entrance into the for th e purpose o f esta . y o e ov i e n u tC b r e s r eC intersection of th e t hi rty-secon d Gulf of Mexico to the 32. d degre e o f nort h l at i tude. The commission adjourned on the 16th of June last, to re-assem • wi th the western b an k o f the Sa b ine, and the meridian line thence to t he Red river. It is pre sumed (' e rn g bushing r b e 1 e e o o f n a c l t a c h t u t e t r u a l t d s e e t l that the work will be concluded in the present season. The present sound condition of their finances, and the success with which embarrassments in regard to them, at times apparently insurmountable, have been overcome, are matters upon which the people and Government of the United States may well congratulate themselves. An overflowing treasury, however it may be regarded as an evidence of public prosperity, is seldom conducive to the ; and experience has incompatibiliteople y with th e sa l utary ac ti on of political institution s like those of the United States. demonstratedpeunanentweil t f s are of any p Our safest reliance for financial efficiency and indepen dence has, on the contrary, been found to consist in ample resources, unencumbered with debt ; and, in this respect, the Federal Government occupies a singularly fortunate and truly enviable position. When I entered upon the discharge of my official duties in March, 1837, the Act for the distribution of the surplus revenue was in a course of rapid exe cution. Nearly twenty-eight millions of dollars of the public moneys we re, in p ursuance of its provisions, de posited with the Sta tes in the months of January, April, and July, of that ye ar. In Ma y ther e occurred a general specielcep payments by the b an k s , i nc l u di ng, tions, these in which th e p u bli c moneys were ith very dep Bad upon whose fidelity the G o ve rnment suspension wo fse ofit deposited, exceptions, had unfortunately made itself dependent fur the revenues which had been collected from the people, and were indis pensable for the public service. This suspension, and ex cesses in banking and commerce out of which it arose, and which were greatly aggravated by its occurrence, made, ti) a great extent, unavailable the principal part of the pub lic money then in hand ; suspended the collection of many millions accruing on merchants' bonds ; and greatly re duced the revenue arising from customs and the public latnia. These effects have continued to operate, in various degrees, to the present period ; and in addition to the (i -crease in the revenue thus produced two and a halt mil lions of duties have been relinquished by two biennial re ductions under the Act of 1833, and probably as much more upon the importation of iron for railroads, by special legislation. While such has been our condition for the last four years in relation to revenue, we have, during the same pe riod, been subjected to an unavoidable continuance of large extraordinary expenses necessarily growing out of past transactions, and which could not be immediately ar rested without great prejudice to the public interest. Of these, the charge upon the Treasury, in consequence of the Cherokee Treaty alone, without adverting to others arising out of Indian treaties, has already exceeded five millions of dollars; that for the prosecution of measures for the removal of the Seminole Indians, which were found in progress, has been nearly fourteen millions; and the public buildings have required the unusual sum of nearly three millions. It affords me, however, great pleasure to be able to say that from the commencement of this period to the present day, every demand upon the Government. at home or abroad, has been promptly met. This has been done, not only without creating a permanent debt, or a resort to ad ditional taxation in any form, but in the midst of a steadily progressive reduction of existing burdens upon the people, lesving still a considerable balance of available funds which will remain in the Treasury at the end of the year. The small amount of Treasury notes, not exceeding four and a half millions still, outstanding, and less by twenty three millions than the United States have in deposit with the States, is composed of such only as are not yet due, or have not been presented for payment. They may be redeemed out of the accruing revenue, if the expendi tures do not exceed the amount within which they may, it is thought, be kept without prejudice to the public in terest, and the revenue shall prove to be as large as may be justly anticipated. Among the reflections arising from the contemplation of these circumstances, one, not the least gratifying, is the consciousness that the Government had the resolution and the ability to adhere, in every emergency, to the sacred obligation of law; to execute all its contracts according to the requirements of the Constitution ; and thus to present, when most needed, a rallying point by which the business of the whole country might be brought back to a safe and unvarying standard—a result vitally important as well to the interests as to the morals of the people. There can surely now be no difference of opinion in regard to the incalculable evils that would have arisen if the Government, at that critical moment, had suffered itself to be deterred from upholding the only true standard of value, even by tile pressure of adverse circumstances, or the violence of un merited denunciation. The manner in which the people sustained the performance of this duty was ii4!hly honour able to their fortitude and patriotism. It cannot fail to stimulate their agents to adhere, under all circumstances, to the line of duty ; and to satisfy them of the safety with which a course really right, and demanded by a financial crisis, may in a community like ours, be pursued, however apparently severe its immediate operation. The policy of the Federal Government, in extinguishing as rapidly as possible the national debt, and, subsequently, in resisting every temptation to create a new one, deserves to be regarded in the same favourable light. Among the many objections to a national debt. the certain tendency of public securities to concentrate ultimately in the coffers of ()reign stockholders, is one which is every day gathering strength. Already have the resources of many of the States, and the future industry of their citizens, been in definitely mortgaged to the subjects of European Govern. 'Dents to the amount of twelve millions annually, to pay the constantly accruing interest on borrowed money—a sum exceeding half the ordinary revenues of the whole United States. The pretext which the relation affords to foreigners to scrutinize the management of our domestic affairs, if not actually to intermeddle with them, presents a subject fur earnest attention, not to say of serious alarm. Fortunately the Federal Go✓ernment, with the exception of att obligation entered into in behalf of the district of Colombia, which must soon be discharged, is wholly exempt front any such embarrassment. It is also, as is believed, the only Government which, having fully and faiti,fully paid all its creditors, has also relieved itself en tirely from debt. To maintain a distinction so desirable, and so honourable to our national character, should be an object of earnest solicitude. Never should a free people, if it be possible to avoid it, expose themselves to the necessity of having to treat of the peace, the honour, or the safety of the Republic, with the Governments of foreign creditors, who, however well dis posed they may be to cultivate with us in general friendly relations, arc nevertheless by the law of their own condi tion, made hostile to the success and permanency of poli tical institutions like ours. Most humiliating may be the embarrassments consequent upon such a condition. Another objection, scarcely less formidable, to the com mencement of a new debt, is the inevitable tendency to increase in magnitude, and to foster national extrava gance. He has been an unprofitable observer of events, who needs at this day to be admonished of the difficulties which a Government, habitually dependent on loans to sustain its ordinary expenditures, has to encounter in re sisting the influences constantly exerted in favour of ad ditional loans; by capitalists who enrich themselves by Government securities for amounts much exceeding the money they actually advance---a prolific source of indivi dual aggrandizement in all borrowing countries ; by stock. holders, who seek their gains in the rise and tall of public stocks, and by the selfish importunities of applicants for appropriations for works avowedly for the accommodation of the public, but the real objects of which are, too fre quently, the advancement of private interests. The known necessity which so many of the States will be under to impose taxes for the payment of the interest on their debts, furnishes an additional and very cogent reason why the Federal Government should refrain from creating a national debt, by which the people would be exposed to double taxation for a similar object. We possess within ourselyes ample resources for every emergency ; and we may be quite sure that our citizens, in no future exigency, will be unwilling to supply the Government with all the means asked for the defence of the country. In time of peace there can, at all events, be no justification for the creation of a permanent debt by the Federal Government. Its limited range of constitutional duties may certainly, under such circumstances, be performed without such a resort. It has, it is seen, been avoided during four years of greater fiscal difficulties than have existed in a similar period since the adoption of the constitution, and one also remarkable for the occurrence :of extraordinary causes o expenditure. But, to accomplish so desirable an object, two things are indispensable ; first, that the action of the Federal Government be kept within the boundaries prescribed by its founders ; and, secondly, that all appropriations for objects admitted to be constitutional, and the expenditure of them also, be subjected to a standard of rigid but well considered and practical economy. The first depends chiefly on the people themselves, the opinions they form , of the true construction of the constitution, and the confi dence they repose in the political sentiments of those they select as their representatives in the Federal Legislature ; the second rests upon the fidelity with which their more immediate representatives, and other public functionaries discharge the trusts committed to them. The duty of economising the expenses of the public service is admitted o i all hands; yet there are few sub jects upon which there exists a wider difference of opinion than is constantly manifested in regard to the fidelity with which that duty is di,chargad. Neither diversity of senti ment, nor even mutual recriminations, upon a point 41 re spect to which the public mind is so justly sensitive, can well be entirely avoided ; and least so at periods of great political excitement. Au intelligent people, however, 'seldom fail to arrive, in the end, at correct conclusions in such a matter. Practical economy in the management of public affairs can have no adverse influence to contend with more powerful than a large surplus revenue ; and the unusually large appropriations for 1837 may, without doubt, independently of the extraordinary requisitions for the public service growing out of the state of our 'lndian relations, be, in no inconsiderable degree, traced to this source, The sudden and rapid distribution of the large surplus then in the Treasury, and the equally sudden and unprecedentedly severe revulsion in the commerce and business of the country, pointing with unerring certainty to a great and protracted reduction of the revenue, strengthened the propriety of the earliest practicable re duction of the public expenditures. But to change a system operating upon so large a sur face, and applicable to such numerous and diversified in terests and objects, was more than the work of a day. The attention of every department of the Government was immediately, and in good faith, directed to that end ; and has been so continued to the present moment. The estimates and appropriations for the year 1839 (the first over which I had any control) were somewhat diminished. The expenditures of 1839 were reduced six millions of dollars. Those of 1840, (exclusive of disbursements for public debt and trust claims, will probably not exceed twenty-two ,and a half millions; being between two and three millions less than those of the preceding year, and nine or ten millions less than those of 1837. Nor has it been found necessary, in order to produce this result, to resort to the power conferred by Congress, of postponing certain classes of the public works, except by deferring expenditures for a short period, upon a limited portion of them ; and which postponement terminated some time since, at the moment the Treasury Depart ment, by farther receipts, from the indebted banks, be came fully assured of its ability to meet them without prejudice to the public service in other respects. Causes are in operation, which will, it is believed, justify a still further reduction, without injury to any important na tional interest. The expenses of sustaining the troops employed in Florida have been gradually and greatly reduced, through the persevering efforts of the War Department ; and a reasonable hope may be enter tained that the necessity for military operations in that quarter will soon cease. The removal of the Indians trom within our settled borders is nearly completed. The pension list, one of the heaviest charges upon the Treasury, is rapidly diminishing by death. The most costly of o ur public buildings are either finished or nearly so ; and we may, I think, safely promise ourselves a continued exemp tion from border difficulties. The available balance in the Treasury on the first of January next is estimated at one million and a half of dollars. This sum, with the expected receipts from all sources during the next year, will, it is believed, be suffi cient to enable the Government to meet every engage. meat, and leave a suitable balance in the Treasury at the end of the year, if the remedial measures connected with the customs and the public lands, heretofore recommended, shall be adopted, and the new appropriations by Cong ress shall not carry the expenditure beyond the official . estim a t es . The new system established by Congress for the safe. keeping of the public money, prescribing the kind of cur rency to be received for the public revenue, and providing additional guards and securities against losses, has now been several months in opei ation. Although it might be premature, upon an exp e ri ence o f such limited duration, to form a definite opinion in regard to the extent cf its influences in correcting many evils under which the Federal Government and the country have hitherto suffered, especially those that have grown out of banking expansions, a depreciated currency, and offi vial defalcations, yet it is but right to say that nothing has occurred in the practical operation of the system to weaken in the slightest degree, but much to strengthen the confident anticipations of its friends. The grounds of these have been heretofore so fully explained as to require no reca pitulation. In respect to the facility and convenience it affords in conducting the public service, and the ability of the Go vernmcnt to discharge through its agency every duty at tendant on the collection, transfer, and disbursement of the public money with promptitude and success, I can say with confidence that the apprehensions of those who felt it to be their duty to oppose its adoption, have proved to be unfounded. On the contrary, this branch of the fiscal affairs of the Government has been, and it is believed may alway s be, thus carried on with every desirable facility and security. A few changes and improvements in the details of the system, without affecting any principles in volved in it, will be submitted to you by the Secretary of the Treasury, and will, ! am sure, receive at your hands that attention to which they may, on examination, be found to be entitled. I have deemed this brief summary of our fiscal affairs necessary to the due performance of a duty specially en joined upon me by the Constitution. It will serve, also, to illustrate more fully the principles by which I have been guided in reference to two contested points in our public policy, which were earliest in their development, and have been more important in their consequences, than any that have arisen under our complicated and difficult, yet admirable, system of Government. I allude to a na tional debt, and a national bank. It was in these that the political contests by which the country has been agitated ever since the adoption of the Constitution, in a great mea sure originated ; and there is too much reason to appre hend that the conflicting interests and opposing principles thus marshalled, will continue, as heretofore, to produce similar, if not aggravated, consequences. Coming into office the declared enemy of both, I have earnestly endeavoured to prevent a resort to either. The consideration that a laree public debt affords an apology, and produces, in some degree a necessity also, for resorting to a system and extent of taxation which is not only oppressive throughout, but likewise 50 apt to lead, in the end, to the commission of that most odious of all offences against the principles of a Republican govern ment—the prostitution of political power, conferred for the general benefit, to the aggrandisement of particular classes, and the gratification of individual cupidity—is alone suffi cient, independently of the weighty objections which have already been urged, to render its creation and existence the sources of bitter and unappeasable discord. If we add to this its inevitable tendency to produce and foster extrava gant expenditures of the public money, by which a neces sity is created for new loans and new burdens on the people; and, finally, if we refer to the examples of every government which has existed, for proof how seldom it is that the system, when once adopted and implanted in the policy of a country, has failed to expand itself, until public credit was exhausted, and the people were no longer able to endure its increasing weight, it seems impossible to re sist the conclusion, that no benefits resulting from its ca reer, no extent of conquest, no accession of wealth, to par ticular classes, ncr any, nor all its combined advantages can counterbalance its ultimate but certain results—a splendid government, and an 'mpoverished people. If a national bank was, as is undeniable, repudiated by the framers of the Constitution as incompatible with the rights of the States and the liberties of the people; if, from the beginning, it has been regarded by large portions of our citizens, as coming in direct collision with that great arid vital amendment of the Constitution which de clares that all powers not conferred by that instrument on the General Government are reserved to the States and to the people ; if it has been viewed by them as the first great step in the march of latitudinous construction, which, un checked, would render that sacred instrument of as little value as an unwritten Constitution, dependent, as it would alone be, for its meaning, oil the interested interpretation of a dominant party, andaffordieg no security to the rights of the minority ; if such is undeniably the case, what ra tionsl grounds could have been conceived for anticipating aught but determined opposition to such an institution at the present day Could a different result have been expected when the consequences which have flowed from its creation, and par ticularly from its struggles to perpetuate its existence, had confirmed in so striking a manner, the apprehensions of its eailiest opponents ;—when it had been so clearly de monstrated that a concentrated money power, wielding so vast a capital, and combining such incalculable means of influence, may, in those peculiar conjunctures to which this Government is unavoidably exposed, prove an overmatch for the political power of the people themselves; when the true character of its capacity to regulate according to will and its interests, and the interests of its favourites, the value and production of the labour and property of every man in this extended country, had been so fully and fearfully developed; when it was notorious that all classes of this great com munity had, by means of the power and influence it thus possesses, been infected to madness with a spirit of heedless speculation ; when it had been seen that, secure in the support of the combination of influences by which it was surrounded, it could violate its charter, and set the laws at defiance with impunity ; and when, too, it had become most apparent that to believe that such an accumulation of powers can ever be granted without the certainty of being abused, was to indulge in a fatal delusion. To avoid the necessity of it permanent debt audits inevi table consequences, I have advocated, and endeavovred to carry into effect, the policy of confining the appropriations for the public service to such objects only as are clearly within the constitutional authority of the Federal Govern ment ; of excluding from its expenses those improvident and unauthorised grants of public money for works of an ternal improvement, which were so wisely arrested by the constitutional interposition of may :predecessor, and which if they bad not be so checked, would long before this time have involved the finances of the General Government in embarrassments far greater than those which are now ex perienced by any of the States, of limiting all our expen ditures to that simple, unostentatious, and economical ad ministration of public affairs, which is alone consistent with the character of our institutions ; of collecting annually from the customs and the sales of public lands a revenue fully adequate to defray all the expenses thus incurred, but, under no pretence whatsoever, to impose taxes upon the people to a greater amount than was actually necessary to the public service, conducted upon the principles I have stated. In lieu of a national bank, or a dependence upon banks of any description, for the management of our fiscal affairs, I recommended tke adoption of the system which is now in successful operation. That system affords every requi site facility for the transaction of the pecuniary concerns of the Government; will, it is confidently anticipated, produce, in other respects, many of the benefits which have been from time to time expected from the creation of a national bank, but which have never been realised; avoid the manifold evils inseparable from such an institution ; diminish, to a greater .extent than could be accomplished by any other measure of reform, the patronage of the Federal Government—a wise policy in all Government, but more especially so in one like ours, which works well only in proportion as it is made to rely for its support upon the unbiassed and unadulterated opinions of its constituents; do away for ever all dependence on corporate bodies, either in the raising, collecting, safe keeping, or disbursing the public revenues, and place the Government equally above the temptation of fostering a dangerous and uneonstitu• tional institution at home, or the necessity of adapting its pulley to the views and interests of a still more formidable money-power abroad. It is by adopting and carrying out these principles under circumstances the most arduous and discouraging, that the attempt has been made, thus far successfully, to demonstrate to the people of the United States that a national bank at all times, and a national debt, except it be incurred at a period when the honour and safety of the nation demand the temporary sacrifice of a policy which should only be abandoned in such exigencies, are not merely unnecessary, but in direct and deadly hostility to the principles of their Government, and to their own permanent welfare. The progress made in the development of these posi tions, appears in the preceding sketch of the past history and present state of the financial concerns of the Federal Government. The facts there stated fully authorise the assertion, that all the purposes for which this Government was instituted have been accomplished during four years of greater pecuniary embarrassments than were ever before experienced in time of peace, and in the face of opposi tion as formidable as any that was ever before arrayed against the policy of an Administration; t ha t this was been done when the ordinary revenues of the Government were generally decreasing, as well from the operation without of hout the e Go the laws as the condition of the country , Ind without the creation of a permanent public ddebt,ryorreisinicuit wterreisagef theany liability, other than such as the ord ina ry ley Government will speedily discharge, and agency of a national bank. If this view of the thwar ranted period it embraces , be d they are tbhye the as n for are known to exist; if the arm y and navy have b een sus tained to the full exte nt authorised by law, and wh ich Con gress deemed suffic ient for the defence of the c ountry and diplomaticth service hasandeprotectionofitsriglitesethe itshonour; if its ci v il an d sustained if ample provision has b een mad e b for equallyadministrati on o f j ust i ce laws and the execu tion of the ;if the claims upon public gr atitude in behalf o f th e s ol diers of the Revolution have been promptly m et and faith fully discharged ; if th ere h ave been no failures in defraying the very large expenditures growing out of that long continued and salutary policy of peacefully removing the Indians to regions of comparative safety and prosperity ; if the p u bli c f a i t h h as at a ll t i mes , and every where, been most scrupulously maintained by a prompt discharge of the numerous, extended, and diverai fied claims on the Treasury ; if all these great and per. SIGHT AIID HEARING. _ ? a, . ALBEMARLE-STREET, PICCADILLY, ( Opposite the York Hotel v V and 76, KING WILLIAM-STREET, BANK OF ENGLAND. THE INVISIBLE OPERATIVE VOICE CONDUCTOR, effected by the Messrs. S. and B. SOI.OMONS, OPTICIANS and AURISTSto the ROYAL FAMILY, 39, ALBEAIAR LE-STREET, PICCADILLY, by which thousands of deaf persons have been greatly bene fited, is the size of a seven-s hiding piece, and when fixed into the cavity of the ear is soft and easy, and not more perceptible than having a piece of wool in its place, by which the faintest whisper at a public assembly is heard with distinctness. And defective VISION is brought to nature by the use of newly invented SPECTACLE LENSES; immediately they are placed before weak and imperfect eye-sight, either by day or candle light, every object becomes clear and distinct, and the most minute particle is seen with great distinctness ; by the use of which both the sight and. hearing become much improved. The Messrs. S. and B. SOLOMONS disclaim all con nexion with persons of the, same name, and the sale of am ber spectacles ; the per vicious use of amber spectacles being now well knriwn to the public, and tile vendor being aware of it, he has therefore altered their name, by leaving out the word " Amber," and calling them " Patent Spectacles." Those which he terms " .Patent Spectacles" are no other than those of amber ; the history and destructive use of that mate rial for Spectacles to imperfect vision is fully and most satis factorily explained by the undermentioned scientific authority : From the " Dietionary of Arts and Sciences" of Andrew Ure, F..R.5., &e., &c. " Amber is an indurated vegetable juice, and not produced by the laws of crystallisation, but by the same causes which influence the mechanical condition of gum. Insects are often found embedded in it. Amber is most powerfully electrical by friction—very hot, to such an extent as to explode into frag ments ; the workmen, too, are subject to nervous tremors in their wrists, arms, &c. ; they encounter great dangerby handling such dreadful excited elect ries ; amber grows with lime, and is apt to take file, and is of such a soft nature when exposed to warmth, that it swells, babbles up, and will burn away with flame." The above Dr. Ure's statements are further confirmed by Sir D. Brewster and Pliny, as also by Parks and Berns, on Che mistry. The destructive effects of such a material for specta cles, to imperfect vision, may be ascertained at any respectable Optician's in London. The Messrs. Solomons' newly invented Spectacle Lenses are not constructed of such a material ; but which are very supe rior, and bring back at once dimness of sight and imperfect vision to its original and isatural state. These Spectacles, and very small Voice Conductors for deaf persons, are r.ly to be had at their establishments, S 9, Albemarle-street (opposite the York Hotel), and 76, King William-street, Bank. INFIRMARY for the CURE of STRIC TURES of the UR Ent RA, SYPHILIS, GONOR RMEA, GLEETS, and all Di SEASES of the GENERA TIVE and URINARY ( iRGA,NS. . . - _ Notwithstanding the ab, ive Insttinti:. is closed, Patients iday continue to receive the GPIATUITOUS ADVICE of the Sur geon (Mr. Courtonay, 42, Great Marlborough-street,) by ap plying at his own hcase in stead of the Charity. Hours of Attendance, f com Eight to Ten in the Mornings and from Seven to Nine in the Evenings. On Sundays in the Morning, but not in the Evening. THE NEW COUGH MEDICINE! ! ! IIOLLAND'S BALSAM OF SPRUCE, the newly-discovered remedy for COUGHS, COLDS, INFLUENZA, INCIPIK NT ASTHMA, and CON SUMPTION. Medical Science is daily pros luting new wonders, and among the discoveries which take plat !e none are more deserving of public approbation than a rern.!dy for those complaints which, in this variable climate, are so productive of fatal consequences to the comfort and lives of the public as Coughs and Colds. This Extraordinary Remedy ;relieves the most distressing symptoms in a few hours, and a little perseverance in its use will, in every case, effect a permanent cure. Coughs and Colds, acco npanied by a difficulty of breathing, soreness and rawness of the chest, impeded expectoration, sore throat, and feverish symptoms, will be quickly subdued, while its use will assuredly prevent consumption from this prolific cause. Holland's 13alsam of Spruce gives immediate ease in all Asthmatic cases, and particuli irly in Hoarseness, Wheezings, and Obstructions of the Chest ; while those who have laboured for years under the misery of a confirmed Asthma, have been enabled by its use to enjoy the blessings of life, and to pursue their avocations with a degree of ease and comfort they had been strangers to for years. Prepared by Charles Holland, and sold by his agent, T. Prout, 229, Strand, Lon don ; and by at least one person in every town in the kingdo as. Price Is. I Ad. a Bottle. Sold also by Johnston, 68, Gornhill ; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-stye et. REPEAL—SIR W. 110 MAN. Sit William Jackson Homan, Bart., of the county of Waterford, uncle to Lord Stuart de Decies, has published a letter, in reply to one from Mr. O'Conni •11, which enclosed the requisi. tion for the Munster Repel Meeting, and requested the signature of Sir William thereto. Whilst expressing " admiration for the extrac rdinary talents and ability" of Mr. O'Connell, Sir Willi am declares his determination not to join in the agitation for Repeal, and he states his reasons at considerable ler, gth, thus concluding :—" I should myself be a zealous It epealer at any sacrifice ; but convinced as I am that repeal and separation are one and the same thing, which cannot be accomplished without ruin, I do not say to one- or other, but, without distinction, to both countries, I cannot (hough free to confess that Irish affairs have been Liao oftini negligently or ignorantly conducted) bring my misrd to :oneur in the views of the requi , ition, so far as it relates to a repeal of the Legisla tive Union." We understand that the Mediterranean mail steamers, the Liverpool and the Oriental will, in future, start from and return to South ampton. In consequence of this arrangement, the Orient rl only will. after landing her mails, come to this port.—lA - verpool GUARANTEES.—The Court for the Relief of Insolvents held on Monday,. ha the case of a Mr. Daunceys who had become guarantee For his creditor to the amount of 6,000/., that they could E u t rt remand as for a debt contracted. / f / PRICE sd. manent objects, with many others that might be stated, have for a series of years, marked by peculiar obstacles and difficulties, been successfully accomplished without a resort to a permanent debt, or the aid of a national bank, have we not a right to expect that a policy, the object of which has been to sustain the public service independently of either of these fruitful sources of discord, will receive the final sanction of a people whose unbiassed and fairly elicited judgment upon public affairs is never ultimately wrong ? That embarrassments in the pecuniary concerns of in dividuals, of unexampled extent and duration, have re cently existed in this, as in other commercial nations, is undoubtedly true. To suppose it necessary now to trace these reverses to their sources, would be a reflection on the intelligence of my fellow-citizens. Whatever may have been the obscurity in which the subject was involved during the earlier stages of the revulsion, they cannot now be many by whom the Thole question is not fully under stood. Nut deeming it within the constitutional powers of the General Government to repair private losses sustained by reverses in business having no connection with the public service, either by direct appropriations from the Treasury, or by special legislation designed to secure exclusive pri vileges and immunities to individuals or classes in prefer ence to, a n d a t t h e expense o f, t h e great majority neces sarily debarred from any participation in them, no attempt to do so has been either made, recommended, or encou raged, by the present Executive. It is bel!eved, h owever, t h at t h e great purposes for the attainment of which the Federal Government was ins stituted,have not be e n l ost s i g h t of. I ntrusted on l y with certain limited powers, . cautiously enumera t e d, di s ti nct l y specified, and defined with a preci s i on an d c l earness w hi c h would seem to defy misconstruction, it has been env con stant aim to confine myself within the limits so clearly marked out, and so carefully guarded. Having always been of opinion that the best preservative of the union of the States is to be found in a total abstinence from the exercise of all dollish' powers on the part of the Federal Government, rather than in attempts to assume them by a loose construction of the Constitution, or an ingeniou s per version of its words, I have endeavoured to avoid recom mend ng any measure which I bad reason to apprehend would, in the opinion even of a considerable minority of my fellow citizens, be regarded as trenching on the rights instrument of the States, o r th e pr ov i s i ons o f the hallowed of our Union. Viewing the aggregate powers of the Federal Government as a voluntary concession of the States, it seemed to me that such only should be exer cised as were at the time intended to be given. I have been strengthened, too, in the propriety of this course by the conviction that all efforts to go beyond this, tend only to produce dissatisfaction and distrust, to excite jealousies, and to provoke resistance. Instead of adding strength to the Federal Government, even when success ful, they must ever pre ve a source of incurable weakness, by alienating a portion of those whose adhesion is indis pensable to the great aggregate of united strength, and whose voluntary at t ac h men t i s , i n my est i mat i on, far more essent.al to the efficiency of a Government strong :n the best of nil possible strength, the confidence and attachment of all those who make up its constituent elements. Thus believing, it has been my purpose to secure to the whole people, and to every member of the Confederacy, by general, salutary, and equal laws alone, the benefit of those Republican institutions which it was the end and aim of the Constitution to establish, and the impartial influence of which is, in my judgment, indispensable to their preserva tion. I cannot bring myself to believe that the lasting happiness of the people, the prosperity of the States, or the permanency of their union, can be maintained by giving preference or priority to any class of citizens in the distri bution of benefits or privileges, or by the adoption of mea sures which enrich one poi Lion of the Union at the expense of another ; nor can I see in the interferenc: of the Federal Government with the heal legislation and reserved rights of the Sates, a remedy fur present, or a security ' against future dangers. The first, and assuredly not the least, important step to ward relieving the country from the condition into which it had been plunged by excesses in trade, banking, and credits of all kinds, was to place the business transActicus of the Government itself on a solid basis ; giving sad re ceiving in all cases value for value, and neither counte nancing nor encouraging in others that delusive system of credits from which it has been found so difficult to escape, and which has left nothing behind it but the wrecks that mark its fatal career. That the financial affairs of the Government are now, and have been during the whole period of these with - spreading difficulties, conducted with a strict and able regard to this great fundamental principle, and that by the assumption and maintenance of the stand thus then on the very threshold of the approaching crisis more than by any other cause or causes whatever, the community at large has been shielded from the incalculable evils of a general and indefinite suspension of specie payments, and a consequent annihilation. for the whole period it might have lasted, of a just and invariable standard of value, will, it is believed, at this period, scarcely be questioned. A steady ahercnee on the part of the G..vernment, to the policy which has produced such salutary results, aided by judicious State legislation, and, what is nut less im portant, by the industry, enterprise, perseverance, and economy of the Arne6.ln people, cannot fail to raise the whole country, at an early period, to a state of solid and enduring prosperity. not subject to be again overthi own by the suspension of banks, or the explosion of a bloated credit system. It is for the people, and their representa tives, to eecide whether or not the permanent welfare of the country (which all good citizens equ•,lly desire, how ever widely they may differ as to the means of its accom plishment) be in this way secured ; or whether the management of the pecuniary concerns of the Government, and, by consequence, to a great extent, those of individuals also, shall be carried back to a condition of things which fostered those contractions and expansions of the currency, and those reckless abuses of credit, from the baleful effcts of which the country has so decidedly suffered—a return that can promise, in the end, no better results than to re produce the embarrassments the Government has expe rienced ; and to remove from the shoulders of the present, to those of fresh victims, the bitter fruits of that spirit of speculative enterprise to xhich our countryme.: are so liable, and upon which the lessons of experience are so un availing. The choice is an important one, and I sincerely hope that it may be wisely made. A report from the Secretary of War, presenting a de tailed view of the affairs of that department, accompanies this communication. dTial7i e i s a u , l s t , o h r i y: h d t u l t ,, i , cs ar c n o l n y n h ec as ted be w e 'i n th c t o h l e ist r a e n n t i l o y va e l n o g f aa t e h d e on the Northern and Western frontiers, and in Florida, have rendered it impracticable to carry into full effect the plan recommended by the Secretary for improving its dis cipline. In every instance where the regiments have been concentrated, they have made great progress; and the be>t results may bu anticipated from a continuance of this sys. tern. During the last season, a part of the troops have been employed in removing Indians from the interior to the territory assigned them in the West—a duty which they have performed efficiently, and with praiseworthy hu manity ; and that portion of them which has been sta tioned in Florida continued active operations there through out the heats of summer. _ The policy of the United States in regard to the In dirties, of which a succinct account is given in my Message of 1838, and of the wisdom and expediency of which I am fully satisfied, has been continued in active operation throughout the IN hole period of my administration. Since the spring of 1837, more than forty thousand Indians have been removed to their new homes west of the Mississippi; and I am happy to add that all accounts concur in repre senting the result of this measure as eminently beneficial to that people. The emigration of the Seminoles alone has been atten ded with serious difficulty, and occasioned bloodshed, hos tilities having been commenced by the Indians in Florida, under the apprehension that they would be compelled, by force, to comply with their Treaty stipulations. The exe cution of the Treaty of Payne's Landing, signed in 1832, but not ratified until 1534, was postponed, at the solici tation of the Indians, until 1836, when they again re. newed their agreements to remove peaceably to their new homes in the West. In the face of this solemn and re • newed compact, they broke their faith, and commenced hostilities by the maesaere of Major Dade's command, the murder of their agent, General Thompson, and other acts of cruel treachery. When this alarming and unexpected intelligence reached the seat of Government, every effort appears to have been made to reinforce General Clinch, who commanied the troops then in Florida. General Eustis was despatched with reinforcements from Charleston, tinops were called out from Alabama, Tennessee, and Georgia, and General Scott was sent to take the command, with ample powers and ample means. At the first alarm, General Gaines organized a force at New Orleans, and without warteh.g for orders, landed in Florida, where he delivered over the troops he had brought with him to General Scott. Governor Call was subsequently a summer campaign, and at the close of it, officers who had g qf as replacedto o k place by General Jesup. These events and changes on entering up3n under the administratiofuthoefto conduct lh Notwith standing the exertions u I found command there for eighteen months, the administration of the Gevernment, the terri tory of Florida a prey to Indian atrocities.tliese. A.s.tr.enuous hostilities to a effort was immediately made to bring _ close ; and the army under Gene d ra Jesup, as as reinforced until it amounted to ten thousan men, and furnished with ' every description abundant supplies of In this campaigngreat' number of the enemy were and destroyed ; but the character of the contest captured et ! The Indians, • only was chang ed, d having been defeated in , engagement, disperse every m bands throughout the country, and became ., an enterprizing, formidable, and ruthless banditti. General Taylor, who succeeded General Jesup, used his best exertions to subdue them, and was se conded in his . efforts by the officers under his command ; but too, failed. to protect the territory front their de predations. By an act. of signal and cruel treachery, they broke the t ruce made with them by General Macomb, vier was sent from Washington for the purpose of carry ing . into fleet the expressed wish of Congress, and have continued their devastations ever since. General Armis tead, who was in Florida when General Taylor left the army, he permission, assumed the command, and after active innter operations, was met by propositions . for Peace ; and, from the fortunate coincidence of the arrival in Florida, at the same period, of a delegation from . the . Seminoles, who are happily settled West of the Nliisis sippi, and are now anxious to persuade their countiymea . to join them there, hopes were for sonic time entertained e n ix pye c predecessor.inot effid that the Indians might he induced to leave the territory without farther difficulty. These hopes have proved fallacious, and hostilities have been renewed throughout the whole of the territ or y. Th at this contest has endured so long, is to be attributed to causes beyond the control of the Government. Expe rienced Generals have had the command of the troops ; officers and soldiers have alike distinguished themselves for their activity, patience, and enduring courage ; the army has been constantly furnished with supplies of every description; and we must lo o k f or t h e causes w hi c h h ave so long procrastinated the issue of the contest in the vast extent of the theatre of hostilities, the almost insurmount able obstacles presented by the nature of the country, the climate, and the wily character of the savages. The sites for marine hospitals on the rivers and lakes, ~ , r A ~~ The Seventeenth Edition, price 3s. half bound. POEMS ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS. Selected to Enforce the Practice of Virtue and to com prise in One Volume the Beauties of English Poetry. By E. T OMKINS. Baldwin and Cradoel, 47, Paternoster-row. Also, The SCHOOL ANTHOLOGY ; or, Selections for Reading and Recitation in Prose and Versa. By JAMES HEWS BRANSBY. Se.coud Edition, considerably aug mented, with many new piee.ts. 12m0., price ss. bound. COWPER'S WORKS AND LIFE, BY SOUTHEY. In Fifteen Vols. foolscap, elegantly printed by Whittingham. with numerous Engravingsi from Designs by Harvey, and Portraits executed by the first Artists, price 31. 15s. THE LIFE AND WORKS OF WILLIAM COWPER, Esq. By ROBERT SOUTHEY, Esq. LL.D., Poet Laureate. This is the only Comply to Edition of Cowper that has ever appeared, and includes the translations of Homer. Baldwin and Craalotk, Paternoster row. I