The Sun. — London, England, 1867-08-13 00:00:00

Naval and Military Intelligence. Yesterday the Duke of Cambridge, K.G., Field- Marshal Commanding-in-Chief, paid an official visit to Chatham garrison, for the purpose of inspecting the troops in that district. His Royal Highness, who was accompanied by Major-General Lord W. Panlet, K.C.8., Adjt.-Gen. of the Forces Gen. Sir J. Hope Grant., G.C.8., Quartermaste Lime. r- Gen. ; Col. J. F. M. Brown, C. 8., Assist.-Adj t.- Gen., Royal Engineers ; Col. T. 11. Clifton, aide de-camp, and other officers of the Staff, arrived at the railway station shortly before noon, where he was received by Major-Gen. F. Murray, commanding the district, under a salute of 21 guns from the Spur Battery, and on alighting rode direct to Chatham great lines, where the whole force of the garrison was drawn up. It consisted of the mounted A troop of the Royal Engineer Train, the corps of Royal Engineers, under the command of Colonel J. L. A. Simmons, C. 8., Director of the Royal Engineer establishment ; the Ist Depot Battalion, under the command of Col. J. W. S. Smith, C. 8., consisting of the depots of the Ist and 2d battalions of the Ist Royals, Ist and 2d battalions of the 15th Regiment, 2d battalion of the 17th Regiment, 50th (Queen's Own) Regiment, and the 109th Regiment of Bom bay Light Infantry ; the 2d Depot Battalion, com manded by Colonel W. Rickman, consisting of the depots of the Ist battalion of the 2d Royals, Ist and second battalions of the Bth Regiment, 29th Regi ment, 30th Regiment, 82d Regiment, and 106th Bombay Light Infantry ; the 3d Depot Battalion, under the command of Col. the Hon. J. J. Bourke, including the depots of the Ist and 2d battalions of the 10th Foot; 2d battalion of the 14th Regiment, Ist and 2d battalions of t he 22d Regiment, 34th Regiment, and 45th Regiment, together with the Chatham division of Royal Marine Light infantry, under the command of Col. G. Lambric, aide-de camp to the Queen. The troops were formed on the 'summit of the Chatham lines at 11 o'clock, in ci!,tatrins of companies, the mounted Royal Engineer Train and the Royal Engineers, on the right, the battalions of infantry in the centre, and the Royal Marines on the left flank. Notwithstanding the in tense heat of the day the whole of the men carried their knapsacks, as well as their entire equipment. On the arrival of the Field-Marshal Commanding in-Chief on the ground he was received with the customary Royal salute, with colours lowered, the bands in the . rear playing the National Anthem. Commencing at the right his Royal Highness rode up and down the front and rear of the columns, and inspected the officers and men of each corps, the line extending to a distance of upwards of half a mile. After inspecting the battalions his Royal Highness rode to the flagstaff, at w hich, to prevent crowding, a considerable space had been roped off, the whole of the bands being massed in front. The whole force then marched past in columns of grand divi sions at quick time, led by the Royal Engineer Train, with their pontoon waggons and the whole of their engineering equipment, after which they coun termarched past in columns of companies at quick time, followed by the entire force marching past in contiguous columns of companies. This marching past by grand divisions and battalions was effected in excellent style, although the intense heat affected a few of the men so much as to necessitate their falling out of the ranks. The programme of the day's operations included the repelling of the attack of a force marching on the garrison from his base near St. Mary's Creek, for which purpose the whole of the troops had been supplied with 20 rounds of the Snider blank cartridge, this being the first oc casion of the review of the forces at Chatham by the Duke of Cambridge since they have been sup plied with the new breech -loading rifle. The opera tions commenced by the moving forward of a strong body of skirmishers from the Royal Marines, the line being formed of the Royal Marines and infantry with a sufficient number of the latter in reserve. On the skirmishers being driven in to their supports, the lines advanced and poured in a sharp fire of mus ketry. After moving in echelon the force changed front to meet the attack of the enemy on the right flank, the entire fore.; on the ground being engaged. A series of interesting manceavres followed, the whole of which were directed by the Duke of Cam bridge. Considerable interest was felt to know the manner in which the troops would use their Snider cartridges. The result showed that in future com manding officers will require to prevent their firing too rapidly. After advancing by battalions and salut ing, commanding officers were ordered to the front and addressed by the Duke of Cambridge, who, in 'the course of his observations to General Murray, criticised the manner in which the troops had gone through some of the manceuvres. Alluding to the new Snider rifle, he remarked that commanding officers must give the greatest attention to the in _ struction of their corps in volley firing. With regard to the skirmishing, particular care should be given to prevent the troops firing too rapidly, which they were likely to do with the Snider rifle, while with the ordinary Enfield the difficulty was to in duce them to fire quickly. In conclusion, his Royal Highness expressed his satisfaction at the manner in which both officers and men had acquitted them selves. At the termination of the review the Duke and Staff proceeded to the lower lines and inspected the encampment formed in the interval after his ar rival by the Royal Engineer Train, the teats for several hundred men having been pitched, the horses picketed, and the pontoon -waggons made ready for unloading. After riding round the encampment his Royal Highness proceeded to the Royal Engineer fi e ld-works to witness some esc alading operations by the Royal Engineers, previous to which he inspected a portion of the batteries, parallels, and other works thrown up by the Royal Engineers during the sum mer. In order to give practical effect to the opera tions of the Royal Engineers for exploding concealed batteries in the ground to be traversed by opposing troops the ascent to the glacis of the trenches was honeycombed by mines, the exact position of each of • which was indicated by conspicuous marks. Small charges of powder were inserted in each, and on the passage of the troops over them they were fired by means of the voltaic battery, wires from the garrison communicating with each of them. After an attack on the bastion at the back of Brompton-barracks by the Royal Engineers, who were concealed behind the breastworks thrown up, the advance was sounded, when the attacking force swarmed out with their ladders and other implements for the purpose of • scaling the trenches separating the portion of the garrison to be captured. During theaveration of fixing the ladders a sharp fire was kept up by a party of Royal Engineers, under cover of which in about a couple of minutes the trenches were scaled, the Royal Engineers swarming up the ladders and mounting the glacis. About five minutes served to enable the entire force of several hundred men to enter the garrison, when the Duke of Cam bridge ordered the retreat to be sounded. Imme diately on this the Royal Engineers slid down the parapet of the works, and having regained their ladders under cover of a party of riflemen the trench was recrossed, and their escalading laders dragged up after them, the whole operation not lasting longer than a quarter of an hour. The Duke of Cambridge then rode through the Hut-barracks and inspected some other portions of the works drawn up by the Royal Engineers, after which he proceeded from Brornpton-barracks, where the whole of the recruits in the garrison, amounting to several hundreds, be longing to the varipus branches of the service, were drawn up and inspected by him. His Royal High ness brought his official visit to a close by the in spection of the Soldiers' Institute, one of the most complete establishments of its kind in this country. After partaking of luncheon at Government-house, the official residence of Gen. Freeman Murray, his Royal Highness left the garrison shortly before 4, the guns at the Spur battery firing a Royal salute as he took his departure. Her Majesty's screw ironclad steamships t he Minotaur (flagship of Rear-Admiral F. Warden), Achilles, Lord Clyde, Bellerophon, and despatch screw steam vessel Ilelicon sailed from Portland harbour early yesterday morning for the westward, 'where they are to cruise for a short period, the ren dezvous being near the Scilly Islands. The Helicon subsequently returned to her anchorage to await despatches before proceeding to join the squadron The United States' ship of war Minnesota, 43, Commodore Alden, 17 days from New York, ar- rived yesterday in Plymouth Sound. Shehas a com plement of 622 men, with 27 officers and 46 mid shipmen, and is bound for Cherbourg and other ports. The screw steamship Lion, 60, Capt. John M. Hayes, C. 8., was hauledinto thebasin at Devonport yesterday (Monday), preparatory to being docked. Miscellaneous Foreign News• from time to time, to resume the subject. The justifications of the Lord ought not to pass unno ticed by those who revere His moral government of His own world. We invite from our readers the communication of any similar facts of which they may be cognisant. The Bill of Rattazzi for secularising the conventual property was brought in during the autumn of 1854. It passed the Senate, but the debate upon it in the Representative Cham ber had hardly commenced when, on the 9th Jan., 1855, the King's mother, the Queen Dowager, was smitten down with sudden and fatal illness, of which she expired on the afternoon of the third day after her seizure. Her interment took place on the 16th, and the Royal family had scarcely returned from the funeral when it became necessary that Maria Adelaide, the Queen Consort, should receive the last Sacraments. She died at daybreak on the 20th. On the same day the Duke of Genoa, the King's only brother, aged 33, was smitten down with sudden and fatal illness. Notwithstanding the best efforts of medical skill, he expired on the evening of the 10th of February, on which very day Count Cavour had resumed in the Repre sentative Chamber the debate on the Convents Confiscation Bill. On the 17th of May, the Infant Prince, who had been born on the Bth of January, followed his mother to an untimely grave. Pre viously, in March, 1856, there had died the Couut Giacinto di Collegno, Senator. It was he who had originated the project of law against the Religious Corporations, the iniquitous measure that has given legislative effect in the Bill of Rattazzi. His illness was unintelligible to the faculty : he was still in the prime of life. Before his death, he sent for his parish priest, and made, before competent wit nesses, a solemn retractation of the share he had borne in the law of conventual spoliation. On the 29th of October in the same year died Count Joseph Siccardi, aged 53. He had suffered intensely for a year. He sent for the parish priest, but was unable to do more than answer with the word " yes," when asked if he retracted the hostile speeches against the Church which he was the first man to make in the Piedmontese Senate. About the same time another Senator, the Baron Mar gharita, made a similar retractation, and died. On the 4th of April, 1860, the President of the Representative Chamber of Turin, General Quaglia, read out the names of the deputies of Bologna and Ravenna, just elected to serve in the " Italian" Parliament from the usurped Papal territory. No sooner had the President pronounced the names of the traitors than he was smitten with apo plexy ; he was carried home and died within forty eight hours. Bianchi Giovini, editor of a blasphe mous and revolutionary Turin paper, called the Unione, commenced to write a popular history of the Papacy, which it was designed to blacken and vilify. He had published the first three chapters, and had written and put to press the fourth ; but before its appearance the impious author was struck with paralysis, and disabled from further abuse of his literary talents. In the same year there died also Cornero, a Deputy, who had brought in a law against the Church. In addition to what is stated in the article we have quoted above about Count Cavour, it is well known that he was seized with his mortal illness on the Ist or 2nd of June, 1860, the day on which the national festival of the unification of Italy was appointed to be held ; that he received the last Sacraments (without retractation, and, therefore, it is to be feared, invalidly ; for which the monk who communicated him was severely reprehended at Rome) on the feast of Corpus Christi (then for the first time dishon oured by being ignored by the State), and he died on the following morning. To the account given of Farini, it should be added that his madness was caused by the fixed idea that he was haunted by the ghost of Anviti, whom he had caused to be torn to pieces by the ferocious revolutionary mob of Parma. His shrieks from the horror of this bloody vision are said to have been terrible. About Fanti it may be truly added, that his savage order of the day, at which even the Liberal press cried out shame, will not soon be forgotten in Italy. In the year 1865, there died Massimo d'Azeglio, noble man, diplomatist, author, and statesman, a promi nent abettor of the Revolution. Ile was cut off in the midst of his career, and in the flower of his age ; also Brofferio, Deputy, and a popular writer, noted for his scurrilous attacks on religion ; the Deputies Varese, Boggio, Chiassi, and Cassinis ; the last committed suicide. In 1865, also, five deputies were forced by ill-health to retire from their Par liamentary duties. About the same time there also died a remarkable number of other noted revolu tionist partisans, all men in the prime of life. Amongst them were Gioca, Manna, Pareto, Pivio, Valerio, Ztambianchi, Roberto d'Azeglio, Pinelli, and MOntanelli. Millontone was smitten down by para lysis as he was returning from the council, where he had proposed the nullification of the Concordat and the persecution of the Catholics, and the Coun cillor of State and Vice-President of the Chamber, Da Farina, a Sicilian, and subject of the Kingdom of Naples. He was the first who planned the iniquitous and traitorous invasion of the Neapolitan territory. Avignone, a revolutionary priest of Milan, notorious for his persecution of the vicar-gene ral and clergy who remained faithful to the Holy See, died also. He was struck down suddenly. One more solemn fact has to be added to the pre sent enumeration ; it is the most striking and mournful of all, for it relates to the defection of a Prelate of the Church—one of those " who seemed to be pillars," whose function it was not only to walk in the way of truth themselves, but to strengthen their brethren therein. Monsignor Caputo, Bishop of Arcano, in violation of his duty to his rightful King, publicly recognised the usurpation of Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel. He is reported to have said that he hoped to sing High Mass at St. Peter's to celebrate the fall of the Papacy! He became grand almoner to Victor Emmanuel. Ile died on the 6th De cember, 1862, after his own vicar-general and the clergy of the Chapter had been compelled, on account of his impenitence, to refuse him the last Sacraments, which he ultimately received from the hands of an interdicted priest, one of the Garibal dian crew. He shared the treason and the untimely fate of the Count of Syracuse, uncle to the young King of Naples, who was cut off in the midst of his days, after he had joined in a base alliance with the enemies of the nation and of the royal race to which he belonged. Men must be blind—nay, besotted—who refuse to recognize in these events something more than the dispensation of blind chance :--‘' How IT FARES WITH THE POPE'S ENEMIES. —ln the awful drama which was played in 1860 in Italy, when the Marches and Umbria were invaded, the principal characters were enacted by five per sons, whom we may call the heroes of the drama. They were-Ist, Count Cavour, who, on September 7, 1860, sent to. Cardinal Antonelli his famous ultimatum; 2d, Manfredo Fanti, Minister of War, Commander-in-Chief of the Troops on the Fron tiers," as he signed himself in his order of the day ; 3d, Carlo Luigi Farini, who countersigned the celebrated proclamation to the Italians on October in which he said : I have caused my soldiers to enter the Marches and Umbria, putting to flight that gathering of all nations, and of all tongues, which had assembled there ;" 4th, Carlo Persano, who bombarded Ancona, and who boasted of having hurled against the Pontifical city in less than three hours more than 1,600 shots ; and lastly, Enrico Cialdini, who, in his order of the day of 11th Sep tember, called the brave and noble defenders of the Pope ' a troop of drunken foreigners' (ten masn di briachi stranieri); and said to his troops, Figh, against and destroy without pity . those hireling assassins.' Now, what was the end of the first four? The bare thought ear of it makes sed whenela one shudder Count with horror. Not a y had p Cavour, while smoking a, cigar after dinner, was stricken to the earth with a s udden mortal blow of sickness, and in a few days he died a wretched death ; and that too, just within the time which he had appointed for his entry into Rome. Soon after, Fanti was attacked by a mysterious disease, which for two years kept him just within the con fines of life and death, and, after having caused him the most exquisite tortures in every way, ended by bringing him to a premature grave. He was followed by Carlo Farini, who, having reached the rank of Prime Minister, went mad, and was reduced to the most wretched of all states to which man can be brought. But there is more to tell—a more striking fate , if possible, than tha t of the oth er t hree has already fallen upon the fourth hero. On the 15th of April Carlo Persano, the hero of Ancona, was condemned to that state of degradation men tioned in our last—condemned in a most severe sentence by the Senate of the Kingdom, presided over by that very Senator Marzucchi, who., in October, 1860, proposed t o the senators an order of the day in honour of Persano, the bombarder of Ancona. Of the five, there only remains unhurt Enrico Cialdini, and, whilst we are far from re joicing at the unhappy fate which has attended the first four, we wish a happy and long life to the fifth. But for four out of five to come to such lamentable ends is a large proportion, and gives matter for serious consideration ; and so much the more when we remember the remonstrance ad dressed on May 27 th , 1860, by Guiseppe Ferrari, publicly in the House of Representatives, to Cavour, Fanti, Farini, Persan o, and Cialdini, who were present. Ferrari said •.—" The Papacy which you believe to be dead, or almost dead, I, who am not suspected of extravagant veneration for it, Most firmly believe to be full of life ; and I see that the many people who attack it most warmly comprehend it most." la hthoseh her words t e o so tehhe for happy men laughed. TheyAtg four of them have ve rified the words of the speaker, and have proved by_the misery which has befallen them how " ill they understood " the strength of the Papacy. Their fate recalls to our mind the case of the Deicide Jews nineteen centuries ago. How true it is that history repeats itself. Let us pray for these unhappy people in the words of Manzoni Oh gran Padre ! per Lui cho s'immola Taccia alfine quell'ira tremonda, E de' ciechi I'insana parola Volgi in meglio, piotoso Signor. (Father Almighty ; for His sake who gave Himself in sacrifice ; let Thy dread wrath now cease at length ; and, 0 merciful Lord ! change to the better the insane words of the blind.)" THE GOLD FIELDS OF NOVA SCOTIA. The Money Market Review of the 3rd instant, in an article on the production of gold, refers to the area over which the gold-bearing quartz of this province extends ; and states that in some of the districts gold mining operations were making an almost fabulous return. Lamenting the apparent apathy of English capitalists in neglecting these gold-fields, which may be said to lie at our very doors, Mr. Hamilton, the Chief Commissioner of Mines at llalif ax, observes that " The Americans are gradually settling here, and are picking up all our best things ; " and we revert to this subject just now in consequence of the appearance of a joint-stock company just advertised which proposes to work one of the grants made by the Crown at the Ovens promontory, in the county of Lunen burg. In calling the attention of English capitalists to the reports of the Government Commissioner of Mines in Nova Scotia, we shall not be supposed to aaVocate the interests of any company in particu lar, but we would observe that at a moment when so much distress prevails among the hardy and industrious miners of Cornwall, it seems only reasonable that some attempt should be made to turn the mining skill and judgment of these men to a practical account, and we know of no field where their enterprizing character aud capability could be better brought to bear than the gold fields of Nova Scotia. It is true that just now there is great dearth of speculation in the English money mar - ket, but little doubt can be entertained that a very few weeks will reanimate the small speculators in mining undertakings, and that capital associated for Joint Stock enterprise, will readily be sub scribed' for bond fide companies whose proceed-' ings will bear such investigation as the experi ence of the last twelve months has rendered necessary to be made into every project newly in troduced to public notice. Nor imust it be for gotten that economy and prudence in the manage ment are the main ingredients for producing satis factory results to those whose capital has been invested. We are expecting further intelligence by the next mail from Halifax, and shall continue in our next publication the news from the gold districts of this British province, towards which we would earnestly direct the attention of English capitalists. gestminster Gazette. COUNTRY MARKETS. COLCHESTER—Auu. 10. This market was very moderately supplied with wheat, but business was steady. Last week's prices unaltered. Harvest will be general next week. Wheat, white 72s 76s Beans, Mazagan......335 3'B red 688 718 Middle and 5ma11..44d 98s Barley ... 425 485 Peas, white. 38s 424 Oats grey ..... .......36s 42a CHELMSFO IRD—Ava. 9. To-day the supply of gral were scarce. Most descriptic at late rates. in was very short, but buyerS )us of Spring core disposed of Whett, old white 588 728 new COB 755 old red !,6s 66s new 61s 70s 8ar1ey..... 26s 338 Chevalier Its 538 Grind ng •t6s 32s Malt.. • Chevalier 685 76s Oats Peas, Partridge Vs 42 5 White .,315 3 88 BAling 36s 401 Dun.... ..... 3Bs 4 05 ditto, new --s Beans, Tick, old 4os 455 new. 398 43s Harrow 1 icks.42s 4 68 new.. —4lB 458 Mazigan ABERDEEN—Aim. 9. At our market to-day . there was a quiet business done, with a thin attendance. Prices for all kinds of grain were on a par with last week White wheat 58s Od to 63s Odt 6 9 1 b 11 bushel. Red wheat 50s Od to 58s 04 Potato oats 26s 0 6 d d to 2 98 2 ?.: 0 0 d d } Bern 4olb 1.1 bushel. C om mon oats 35s 6d to 368 ad ( Barley 35 s 6 d to 36s 6d) 531 b 1-1 b u shel. Oatmeal 20s 6d to 21s 6d % boll of 280Ib• Flour, line 52s Od to 518 Od V sack of 280. b. KIRKCALDY—AuG. 10. Small supplies of wheat and oats. There was no barley. Wheat is above the currencies of last week. Wheat. Batley. Oats. First 62s 6d ' —s 6d 2138 611 t•econd 6ta Od I—s 0d 355 Od Third 6ss Od —s Od —a Od COAL MARKET. Price per ton at the closeof the market s s . d• . d. Walls End Hetton ... 21 0 Nostell Cannell Gas.. 19 0 , Wylam Haswell Hetton Lyons lB 6 Tees Trimdon Grange lB 9 Cassop l9 Harton Tunstall C ara d oc 2O 0 Kelloe . 19 9 1 9 3 South Kelloe ships at market, 55—sold. 46. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and New Zealand, via Southamptoa.....Aug. 2s. Ditto, via Marseilles .....Aug. 18 * Ditto, via Panama ....... ......... ......... ... Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Monte Video Sept. 3 . Ditto, by French packet . . Aug. 2 2 Cape Verde. by Brazil packet ...... . Sept. 3. Cape of Good Hope. Ascension. and St. fielena....Aug. 27. China, Penang, and Singapore. via Southampton..Aug.:2l. Ditto, via M arse illes ••• Aug- 18 ' F a lkland Islands •-es lie Pt. 3 Gibraltar, via Southampton ....... ... Aug. 2 2 1 ' India, via Southampton Au Ditto, via Mandl cs Malta, Egypt, A .. .......... .....• Aug. . m 21 Ditto, Marseilles Aug. 1 3 ' Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, via Southampton • Au 21' g. Ditto, via Marseilles Aug. 1 S• Newfoundland ..Aug. 2 1 . Portugal Sept. 3 . Ditto, by private ship to Oporto .. Ditto ditto to Lisbon United States, Canada, California, Ac., by British packet . .. ...... Aug. 2'•. Ditto, by United States packet Ditto ditto (New York) Ditto ditto (New York) Ditto ditto (Baltimore) ....... .• .. ...... Aug. 1/* Ditto, by Canadian packet West Coast of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffc Aug. 1 7 * West Indies and Pacific (except Mexico and Baha- Allg. 13. mas) Cubs and Mexico Au, Bahamas, via New York iv• ~ ado I s. Bermuda, via ditto test I ADVERTISEMENT.] Holloway's Pills. The true:s philosophical spirit of inciiiiry led to the discovery of tht priceless medicine, and the most unselfish labour and t; pense have been incurred in bringing so great a boon ,a the knowledge and within the reach of the aflllwill throughout the world. Every invalid who can read un d ers tand the plain directions in h is own language hs are folded round the pills , which should be taken in ," ; 1 0 doses and at the times dis tinctl y specified therein, while great attention should be paid to diet and many matters All of which, however, aro important, Wag uou ' o t as they . augment the curative powers of the pills,r sr'ce,ro th e m from disagreeing with the most delicate, and time and suffering. Births. • T,T S./ A BINGE R—On the 9th inst., at Inverloeby Castle, - • Lady Abinger, of a daughter. ~pOr° L ONDESB OROUGII—On the 11th inst., at 3 , Gros- square, Lady Londesborough, of a daughter. v l RooKE—On the 12th inst., the wife of Lieut.-Col. R oo late Scots Fusilier Guards, of a son and heir. Marriages. , 0 0 CLARKE— F LETCHER —On the 10th inst., at Vi T i m—r sa Mi ns ter, E. Lionel A. Clarke , Esq ., of 9, Bedfordl,„, irl and 70, Lansdowne - road , N ottin g -hill, to Lorina .11-'!'"vi. seco nd daughter of the Rev. \V. .1 Fletcher, D.D of 1 ' borne. Chu rch, MAW BEY -.MEATH—On the 6th inst., at Trinity' , A to Eastbourne, Lieut.-Col. Henry W. Mawboy, 10-1-'—ilto Katherine Susan Townshend, eldest daughter a the -- Lord Bishop of Meath. Deaths. v V . B AZIRE —On the 11th inst., at 28, Woburn-s q uare, ' • B ' Esq., M.D., London and Paris, aged 32. re, Thog, CARTER—On the 9th inst., at 11, Lorrimore-scrlor e, , b ..,l's Carter, Esq., many years clerk iu the Adjutant-GoLli Office, Horse Guards. stu n DEDIES —On the 7th iust a t Wiesbaden, the Lo(T Y .1 de Denies. our' HENDERSON -On the 10 th inst., at 20, UPPer Sern street, W. R. H. Page-Hend erso n, Esq., of eck°lito Place, Kent, aged 39. h re flii PEILL—On the 11th inst , at south Norwood, JoseP Esq., aged 83. . WruciNsoN— Suddenly, at Clifton Villas, Norwood, Isaac Wilkinson, E. , -q., late of Egharo , ap e Anerley;rceio4l. azire, London : Printed and Published by WILLIA3I A.NEar' 14°* 11g, of No. 112, Strand, Printe r, at Trim SUN Mace, ~,„ Strand,' in the Precinct of the SP voy, in the C OW bLidcUessx.7—Tuesday, August 13,1867. THE SUN, LONoON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 13 1867. A letter from Rome, dated Aug. 3, says—We continue perfectly quiet. No red shirt has crossed the frontier nor disembarked on the shore of the State. Whether of their own accord or under con straint, the Italian Government has been seriously opposing the enlistment of Garibaldians, their con centration in the neighbouring provinces, or their disembarkation on the coast of our little State. Some 20,000 Italian soldiers are, however, sta tioned round the province of Viterbo either as a protection or a menace. In an excursion I made a few days ago to Fiumicino, situated at the mouth of the Tiber, I found the inhabitants in a state of great commotion. A muster of some fifty or sixty were gathered round the mayor (priore), the parroco, a venerable Capuchin, the French Consul, and some half-a-dozen notabilities on the platform of one of the mediaeval towers erected at this point of the coast as a protection against Saracen incursions. In their midst was the brigadier of the gendarmi and an artillery officer anxiously scouring the sea with a telescope. In the offing were to be descried vessels bearing the Italian flag, seemingly in close observation of the coast. It seems Rattazzi has had to give orders to the squadron of Gaeta to cruise in the Pontifical waters so as to intercept any attempt at a descent of Garibaldians, for which the uninhabited line of country between Fiumicino and Terracina would be very likely to be selected. It would seem that the Italian naval officers are tolerably scrupulous in carrying out their instructions, for, on the night of the 26-7th they stopped a Messageries Imperiales steamer on suspicion of carrying Gari baldians. France has also a frigate, the Cato, which, after a short stay at Civita Vecchia, has been keeping a look-out at the variouspossible land ing-places. If this vigilance is sustained, I am assured by persons well acquainted with popular feeling here, there is no danger of any disturbance. We hear very little of the Junta Nazionale Romania : in fact, no one seems to believe in it. The police is on the watch, of course, but has no reason to depart from its ordinary procedure. Thus the Giornale di Roma denies, in its yesterday's impression, the report which was current a day or two before, that 200 individuals who had made their way surreptitiously into Rome had been arrested on the 23rd and 24th. - We have nearly forgotten the brigands. Now and then, however, we hear of captures of small bands in the mountains. The gendarmi had an encounter with a party on the 26th, in the neigh bourhood of Sezze, in which the chief was killed, Panici by name. He was a native of the kingdom of Naples. In his early years he was sacristan of a country church, whence he was dismissed for stealing some of the sacred vessels. On the following day a detachment of gendarmi were sent in pursuit of eight brigands who were known to be lurking about. They had, in the first instance, given themselves up, and had for a time served as guides to the military in pursuit of other bands, but got tired of their change of life and took to brigandage again. They were over taken in a short time and showed fight. Four were killed with arms in their hands, two escaped, the other two were captured. Among the dead were the two famous brothers Andreazzi, who have for several years been the scourge of the provinces of Frosinone and Velletri. They were also of Naples. Both had been tolerably well educated ; one of them had studied civil law. The city of Rome itself has completely returned to its normal condition ; our visitors have all taken their departure ; the wealthy classes have as usual gone into the country, as well as the members of the corps diplomatique, also many of the Sacred College. But we hear nothing of the Pope's visit to Castel Gondolfo. The cholera, or the illness which goes by that name just now, has been more violent this week, and has carried off more than eighty victims in poorest localities. The Pope has put a sum of 25,000 lire at the disposal of the parish clergy, for distribution among the most suffering. Padre Gigli has sent in his resignation. He will be succeeded either by Padre Celle of Bologna, or Padre Spada of Rome. Padre Carvelli will be succeeded by Padre Salvini of Rome, a distinguished theologian. M. de Sartiges left to-day for Baden (in Swit zerland) to take the benefit of the waters. He goes nominally for three months, but he is not expected to return. It is thought he will be re placed by M. de Malaret, who now repre sents France at Florence. General Dumont left with M. de Sartiges ; he takes his report of the condition of the French Legion. He advises raising the number of com panies in the Legion from eleven to twenty, and sending back to their regiments in France those who are affected by the climate or attacked by nostalgia. I have just received the report of the little army of the Holy See for the year 1867, which had not been published the last two years. The number of officers and employe's in the service is 584, or 63 more than 1865. Of these, 410 are Italians, and only 174 foreigners. The majority of these are, of course, in the Zouaves and in the Antibes Legion. The Lieutenant-General is Prince Orsini, ap pointed in February, 1850. Of the 45 generals and superior officers, 28 are Italians ; 9, French ; 6, Swiss ; 1, German ; 1, Spaniard. There was a drawing on Tuesday of 653 certi ficates of 1,000 francs ; 634 of 500 francs ; and 1,323 of 100 francs of the loan of 1860-64. I select the following from among the numerous traditions of the Centenary, which we are conti nually hearing. When the Bishop of Limoges was here, he presented to the Holy Father the chaplain of the Convent of the Good Shepherd, who laid at his feet a casket containing a small sum in gold. This, he said, was the offering of the nuns of his order ; they were very poor, and unable to draw on their community funds, but they had collected their hair and sold it, and this money was the pro duce. The Holy Father could not conceal his emo tion at the message. The excavations always going on in various parts of Rome have lately brought to light on the Palatine some terracotta lamps, ornamented with a device not heretofore met with among those supposed to be of the same date —namely, the fourth century. In the centre hollow is the figure of our Lord, with cruciform nimbus, trampling the serpent, whom Ile is also piercing with a lance surmounted by an ornamental cross which He holds in His right hand ; at His feet are also another hideous reptile, and a lion, the whole subject obviously illustrat ing Psalm xc., v. 13. Cay. Rossi mentions that he has only met one other example of the subject in the first five or six centuries. The object of the immense number of these lamps—far exceeding the requirements of domestic use—which are con tinually being met with, has long puzzled antiqua rians. Rossi suggests that they must have been employed for illuminating houses on occasions of public rejoicing, and that those I have described above, from their Byzantine treatment of the sub ject, and the position in which they were disco vered, may be supposed to have been used in celebrating the victory of Constantine over Max entius. I have myself seen lamps of this form used in modern illuminations: ranged along cornices and labels of windows they have a very brilliant 1 and sparkling effect. Among the most remarkable discoveries of this year, besides those to which I have alluded from time to time, has been that of the lost catacomb of Balbina, which has so long been searched for in vain. The entrance has now been found in the spot pointed out by the conjectures of Cavaliere Rossi, between the Porta San Pancrazio and the closed up Porta Ardeatina. It will be long before, it is fully explored, as it is as extensive as all the already known catacombs. Many relics will doubtless be found in its recesses, although it is known to have been pillaged by the piety of its early visitors ; it is also the latest used of the catacombs. The Church of St. Hedwige at Berlin, ambiti ously intended as a model of the Pantheon, was the scene of a most interesting ceremony a few days ago, on the occasion of Prince Edward Radzewill, second cousin to the King of Prussia (his grandmother Princess Louisa of Prussia being the king's aunt) saying his first Mass ; it was crowded to overflowing. His father, Prince Bogulas Radzewill, has long identified himself with all Catholic good works in Berlin ; one of his brothers entered the Society of Jesus at Munster a few years ago, and one of his sisters joined the nuns of St. Charles Borromeo at Treves last year. The family of the Radzewills is descended from the ancient Grand Dukes of Lithuania. By a telegram, dated New York, August 6, we learn that the debt of the United States is now $2,511,000,000. On the 30th June, 1866, the debt was $2,650,538,238 10c. ; and on October 31, 1866, it was $2,551,310,005 72c. The statement of the public debt on the first February gave the figures $2,543,340,748. Tennessee is in a very disturbed state. What ever may have been the origin of Kentucky, the tc dark and bloody ground," Tennessee is earning its right to such a name. Turbulence and disorder, lynching, murders, and open fights reign para mount. Argument is met with a pistol-shot, and shooting on sight is the order of the day. The Governor is the notorious Parson Brownlow, and the state of the country may be imagined when such an unscrupulous chief rules, and the judgment seat is filled by men such as Houk. The State is divided into the fiercest factions, who meet armed ; the opposing leaders stand on the same platform, and are shot at for giving utterance to their opinions, while the shooter is himself shot by the supporters of the speaker among the mob. Then a great com motion follows ; the crowd splits, two sides are formed, and firing becomes general. On Tuesday, 23d July, a meeting was held at Rogersville. Mr. Emerson Etheridge, the Democratic candidate for Governor, addressed the black and white assemblage. Mr. King, a Republican, gave the lie direct to a statement made by Mr. Etheridge. To this Mr. Etheridge replied with severity, on which he was fired at, and a general scrimmage followed, when two persons were killed on the spot, seven mortally wounded, and thirty others severely. At Knox ville a Conservative meeting was held in a public ball ; the proceedings were interrupted by cheers for Brownlow, when another fight took place, and two negroes were the victims. Another negro was shot dead for shouting for Brownlow at a meeting of the opposite faction. If what Judge Ibuk said be truly reported, ' the condition of Tennessee can be better imagined than described. A man charged with a felonious assault was brought before him, and though the jury found the prisoner " guilty," the judge sentenced him to pay a fine of but 5 cents. In addressing the defendant he is reported to have remarked :—" You damned rascal, why didn't you kill him ? He is a rebel and ought to be killed. If you do your duty you will kill him yet. lam inclined to send you to gaol for not completing the work. Rebels have no right to come into courts in this state. No Union man who kills a rebel shall ever be punished while I hold this court." The cable informs us that the the Republicans have carried the election, which means that Brownlow bas been re-elected. The news by the Cuba, which is to the 30th July, or three days later, is to the effect that in consequence of apprehensions of serious election riots in Ten nessee Federal troops were being distributed to preserve order, and Brownlow's militia were ordered to be under arms. The citizens also were generally armed. It was reported that the negroes in some counties would be intimidated from voting. The Washington Government seems to be ac tively engaged in securing territory. It is stated that negociations are in progress for the transfer of the island of St. Thomas's, and the Times corre spondent says that the impression prevails at St. Thomas's that it would be ceded to the United States as a naval station. It is also positively as serted that despatches relating to British Columbia, to the cession of which we alluded in our last issue, have been passing between Washington and London. 'lhe inhabitants of Vancouver's Island are reported to be strongly in favour of annexation. There is little of interest regarding registration in the South. Branches of the Union League, ramifying over the country, are active on the Re publican side, while the Democrats are listless and a tnfwhr P oohe a tmi t ta h wev e Lsha l i i e lt ue whites, sh:ie r iat r ml os t a e Aeulg n glvia e he svbgeatrio7omrfeigast: urged by broe shows ieensgat legal aloegr eat right.r woThesnmajority,p against laajp. ore3rersmajority y as e 2d4nooBsf sas plat ß fo e r p na u , b iudi Republican 2 a s d , o o p o t o e .d the ehe Louisiana Arkan u ca el nC u o g n t v h e e nti r o o n . p theea l g o e f u e the r al cotton r u t a m x s a u nd t. t h A e r o e o p u a v ir en o t f i o t u he o f l epvlciaeust planters Session etah io a no t gm N ro e ri w ttthe O ee r rt l eo e r a a n ui s igoof before adjourning ap- G theeneral levees. r Sheridanoli Political to al i p d n o u i u s o e m d quarrels have interfered with the operations of the Commissioners, as well as with the improve ment of the Mississippi, no plan having yet been agreed upon for deepening the channel, or dredging the bar at the river's mouth. In Charleston harbour nature appears to have neu tralised the work of man, who kindly sunk a stone fleet at its mouth, over which, it was feared, feet sand would loaded accumulate v,'itahn railway l t the y bar iroo become draw permanent. Al,essel of water, has lately entered the port ing , being 8 ut the o , lie wh C i h c i h ca l g ia o s Tribune t g tl a e v d e in ris e a ve t n o deepest ever yet taken into the harbour. been a a m eu o riou rec curious m anner. Mr. Utrritt Smith, the generous negro su T it philanthropist, in one of his liberal moods became a bondsman for Jefferson Davis. Mr. Smith, who had spent his life and his fortune in the cause of emancipation, ought to have been allowed more latitude of action than the Chicago Tribune was inclined to give. In commenting on Smith's course the Tribune described him as a pretended lunatic, stating that on the occasion of John Brown's raid that gentleman had feigned insanity to escape the consequence of being connected with that mad expedition. A suit was brought against the proprietors of the journal, the damages being laid at $50,000. All this is sufficiently- intelligible, but the strange part of the story was the way in which the dispute was settled. The Tribune re tracted the charge, admitting and bringing forward proof to show that Mr. Smith was not a pretended, but a real lunatic. In consideration of this hand some concession, the prosecution was abandoned. We have a specimen of Mr. Smith's madness in the following letter, written by him to Thaddeus Stevens :—" Would to God that Congress were so just and wise as, at this very session, to lend $50,000,000 to the Confederate States—to each of them so much of it as would be - proportionate to her population, and to what she has suffered from the ravages of the war; the share falling to each State to be distributed throughout her territory in loans upon adequate security. This, by proving the love and pity of the North for her, would win the heart of the South, and would thus produce a true and lasting peace between them." But Mr. Gcrritt Smith has furnished for Ile the public has not e only still b e tter proof of his ma , dness g i ve n away all his fortune, b u t actually announced world. his poverty to the lt is possible that p os terity may estimate err itt Smith by a very adif ferent standard from the present generation, class ing him with such men as Howard. The heirs of the Ingraham estate met on the 24th of July, at the Ast or House, New York. estate claimed is one of p rodi g ious value, embracing the site of the City of Leeds, and extending six miles, so as to include many adjacent villages an 000 d h am lets. It is estimated at m ore than 120,000, sterling. Many members of the family have for years past been prosecuting inquiries, which were on the eve of success on the breaking out of the war. At a previous meeting a reward of $20,000 was offered for the discovery of the will. The adver tisement was successful, the document being found, but it remained for, the family to raise the money, which was the object of the meeting. It was thought that the instrument will give them im mediate possession, as the land is without an owner, and many of those at present in possession are anxious to obtain a secure title. Among the heirs is Prentiss Ingraham, who was lately correspondent for this newspaper in Paris.' It was resolved at the meeting to raise this sum, get the will, and to take possession of the town of Leeds at once. On Monday, 22d July, the testimony for the defence in the Surratt trial closed. The last evidence tendered was that of the Roman Catholic priest, Father Boucher,who concealed Surratt in his house in Canada. From his testimony he was at first igno rant who Surratt was. On discovering his name and character (as he held him to be an innocent man) he did not inform against him. This witness en deavoured to throw discredit on Dr. Al‘Millan's character, but as they were shown to have quar relled, and the priest had an evident leaning towards Surratt, what he said had little weight. Since the 22d ult. the Government has introduced rebutting tes timony, and the witnesses for the defence have un dergone the same dirty process of lying and slandering as those for the prosecution. One witness swears that he ferried Surratt across the Susquehanna at William's Port on the 13th April. Others show that a person could • have left Elmira, New York, on the 13th April and be at Washington early next day. At any rate the fact is certain that at least two unimpeachable witnesses swear that Surratt was at Elmira on the 13th April, and a larger num ber still swear that he was in Washington on the 14th. The weight of testimony is on the side of the prosecution, but there is enough in the evidence submitted on the other side to puzzle and perplex a jury. The general impression appears to be;that if the jury act honestly on the evidence before them they will convict the prisoner. But as the trial has assumed a political aspect it is not likely that the jurors will agree. The University boat race. between Harvard and Yale came off at Worcester (Massachusetts), on Friday, the 19th July, resulting in a victory for Harvard. The course was three miles—the time 18 minutes 3i seconds, being a vast improvement upon that of last year. The winning boat is 53 feet long, 20 inches wide, with a 7-inch tresselled back-bone. The Yale boat is 49 feet long, 22 inches wide, with a 3i inch back-bone. The former weighs 175 the latter 1601bs, and both are of Spanish cedar. No accident occurred, in which the crews this year were fortunate, but the inroad of young men into the quiet New England town gave irk to some serious disturbances, as they seem to have used the greatest license with the persons and property of the inhabitants. It is to be hoped that Worcester will take measures next year to enforce order and propriety, and if a few of the ringleaders in the recent outrages received the punishment they deserved, the young gentlemen would be taught a merited lesson of self-control. The Russian commissioner detailed by the Tzar's Government to give over Walrussia to an officer appointed from Washington, is daily expected in New York. General Rousseau has been selected for this duty, on the part of the United States. Congress has not yet appropriated the sum de cided on for the purchase, which may create a delay. A. steamer has, however, sailed from San Francisco with a surveying party on board, to make a topographical survey of the coast both of the continent and of the adjacent islands. An officer from the Treasury accompanies the party to organise the affairs of the revenue depart ment. In connection with the sum to be paid to Russia for the cession of the territory, a curious application has been made by the heirs of Captain W. Perkins of Worcester, Massachusetts, who have petitioned that the sum of $385,231 be with held from the amount, being duo to the estate of the deceased captain. It appears that during the Crimean war Captain Perkins supplied Russia with gunpowder and firearms, for which no payment has been made, a debt which. Russia has persistently Paris ignored. The steam ram Stonewall, whose name has been changed to Japan, was to sail for Japan on the 16th instant. She carries the armament originally on board, with a special crew, and two officers of the Japanese navy. The Dunacrberg arrived at Cher bour last Saturday, after making an excellent pas sage, which must be a consolation to Mr. Webb. Some maintain that the ve,ssel is the most powerful in the world ; others that she is a huge imposition. But her purchasers will now have every opportunity of judging for themselves. It is raid that the President is preparing a pro clamation, warning citizens against joining in any filibustering attempt on the territory of Mexico. This criminal intention—if ever entertained—has b een abandoned, as it is known that the Govern ment would forcibly interfere. The intelligence from the city of Mexico is to the Bth of July. Juarez was expected at the capital, and has ordered an election to be held for a successor to himself as President of th e Republic. This is necessary, as by Mexican law Ortega, and not himself, is the rightful President. Ortega, by the written constitution as Vice-President, succeeded Juarez when the term of that President expired. This is the law of Mexico, and by it Juarez is simply an usurper, and has been so for many months. His first step on his return to the, capital will be to secure his own re-election t h ere f o re he has named himself as successor, and, if reports speak true, will secure his election by a wer. Porfirio Diaz more N moderation in the Mexican chiefs. The judicious caapppietaa rlstthouasnie) eois f a h ut i i sn s uga m lw il iw i t t hi a t r h y French Minister is not detained, no obstacle being placed in the way of his departure. But the foreign ministers wait the arrival of Juarez to secure the safety of their countrymen while on the journey from Mexico to Vera Cruz. General Vida ncvre was arrested on the 7th of July by order of and Mejia were Porfirio Diaz, and shot the sam e day.. The bodies ian will be surrendered of Maximilian em balmed. ofMax That to Austria on demand. That Juarez is not des tined to walk over the course is clear from the news by the Cuba. Escobedo has announced his candi dature for the Presidency, and proclaimed his policy to be to exterminate or drive all foreigners from Mexico. The only other items of news by the Cuba arc that it is stated President Johnson has positively decided to remove General Sheridan. The Connecticut Legislature has rejected the Female Suffrage Bill. Fifty deaths from cholera occur daily at Memphis, chiefly among the negroes. Cholera is also raging among the garrisons of the forts on the Western plains. Advices from Brownsville to the 20th ultimo state that all Imperial prefects in Mexico had been exiled for six years. The Bishop of Jalapa had been arrested on a charge of aiding the empire. A general confiscation of Imperialist property had commenced. Foreign prisoners are alleged to have been marched through the streets of Quere taro. Lopez, the betrayer of 111aximilian, had been arrested at Oajaca by the Governor, and ordered to be tried by court-martial for ex cesses committed by him whilst an Imperial officer. New Orleans advices state that the body of Maxi milian had been delivered to the Austrian Legation. The remains are on the way to Vera Cruz, where the Austrian steam ceive them. That vessel is expected at New Orleans on the 14th August. It is stated that the intense indignation excited in Europe by the wanton and criminal execution of Maximilian has not been without its effect even in Mexico, and that Juarez is preparing a defence of his course. Santa Anna is reported to be still alive, confined in Campeacby. The Pall Mall Gazette states :—" It is said on good authority that a document was exhibited by Santa Anna at Vera Cruz, signed and sealed by Presi dent Johnson and Mr. Seward, to the effect that if Santa Anna would return to Mexico and establish himself as President and Dictator, the United States would recognise him as the head of the Government, furnish him with loans to the extent of $200,000 per month, aid him with munitions of war, and permit him to recruit in the United States. The document was doubtless a forgery, and, if it was exhibited, shows how desperate were the means to which the celebrated intriguer was accustomed to resort." It is not known what the turn of public opinion will be on which the act ion of the Govern ment in this case depends. But Mexico might at any time or by any false step bring on her shoulders the weight of United States intervention. Mr. Plomb, Consul-General at the city, will act as minis ter, as the Senate failed to nominate General John A. M'Clernand, whose name was submitted, though Mr. Otteubury's was not presented, in spite of Mr. Seward's known desire. We are informed that cholera bad disappeared from Monte Video, and is visibly decreasing at Buenos Ayres. General Lopez has succeeded in raising a force in the United States of Columbia, and has taken the field against General Santa Aosta, who deposed Mosquera, and still keeps him a pri soner. Elsewhere we give an article from the Standard, of Buenos Ayres, containing full particu lars of the war in Paraguay. _ It is state,' that Austria is prepared to join the uternational Monetary Union, and that negocia ions for that purpose are shortly to be opened at SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—We live in an age of revolutions. The Reform Bill, which was practically settled last night when the Lords agreed to forego those amendments they had made, but which the Commons refused to approve, is, we arc told, nothing. It does, indeed, admit to the franchise some hundreds of thousands of voters, more or less, for the most part of the working class •, but, as Mr. Disraeli has discovered the effect of this enlargement of the electoral body will not be apparent. England is unchangeable. The House:of Commons " may be renovated ; it cannot be reformed." What it did yesterday is the same as what it will do to-morrow. But by the side of this Reform Bill a real revolution is in pro aress. Only last week it was discovered that the grave ceremonial " a call of the House" had become a thing of the past. Mr. Bright was understood to desire a revival of the old form, but, as on investi gation it appeared that the venerable Sergeant-at- Arms would have to send his deputies in a hundred directions at once in search of as many members scattered in Scotland and Switzerland, in Norway and Canada, the project was wisely abandoned. And now it has become apparent that the days of Conferences am over for ever. Never more will the business of both Houses be suspended in order that a few elderly gentlemen in cocked hats and seated in arm chairs may receive from the hands of a few others, equally respectable and elderly, standing and uncovered, the written statement of reasons why the latter venture, in all humility, to differ from the Lords of Parliament. The Commons found they could send their " reasons" by a clerk without submitting to the indignity of waiting per sonally upon the managers of the Peers, and they chose the alternative. The omen is terrible. The first symptoms of the coming Revolution of 'B9 were the cries of " Couvrez vows" and " Decouvrez" in the States General, but, threatening as the sign is, we have still some confidence that we are not entering on a similar era of convulsion. There are, no doubt, rationalists who will ask whether it was not better to upset once and for ever an obsolete ceremonial. At this Conference of the two Houses which bore such a mysterious sanctity nothing used to be done beyond the handing of a paper from a Commoner to a Peer, and if a clerk can do the same office more expeditiously why should not the change be made? We cannot bring our selves to argue with such audacious inquiries, and turn with alacrity to consider the action of the House of Lords when the " reasons" of the Commons were brought before them. Lord Derby recommended the Upper House to defer to the resolutions of the Lower. There had only been three considerable points of difference between the two houses, and upon one of the three the Commons had yielded, while on the others they had stood firm. Lord Derby yesterday advised the Peers to give way on these remaining points. Had he been content to offer this advice his speech would have been brief. Unfortunately he practised no such prudent self restraint. In the course of his remarks he quoted Lord Eldon's advice to the barrister who was afraid he might go wrong as a Colonial Ju d g e— " Give your judgment, but never give your reasons for it" —as a condemnation of the " reasons" the Com mons had urged for dissenting from the Lords' Amendments, but he seems to have forgotten that it might tell equally against himself. The Lords had made two amendments which the Commons had flatly refused to accept. Lord Derby had made up his mind to recommend the Lords to yield. Had he simply pleaded the advanced period of the session, and the necessity of preventinv all chance of a failure of the Reform Bill, he would have said enough, and would have consulted the dignity of the house. What he preferred to do was to insist at leng. h upon the superior policy of the Lords' Amendments, and he thus contrived to exalt the power of the Commons and to reduce his own house to a position of insignificance. The Lords were made to appear like au excellent but hen-pecked husband who has made up Hs mind to give way to the more resolute will of his wife, and foolishly thinks he can save his own dignity by proving to her the unreasonable cha racter of her demand. The worst of it is, too, that dispassionate observers will come to the conclusion that in this case the hen-pecked husband has not got the wisdom on his side. Lord Derby began by condemning any increase of three-cornered con stituencies. He thought they had not worked well, and he appeared to be quite unconscious that the experience of three-cornered constituencies in the past is wholly irrelevant to what it may be in the future. Lord Stanhope and Lord Harrowby both repeated a desire to see more three-cornered con stituencies created, and we are content to wait with perfect assurance that their wishes will be fulfilled. The more important parts, however, of Lord Derby's speech related to the rejection of Voting Papers and the reduction of the Copyhold and Leasehold Franchises —points upon which the Ccmmons had disagreed with the Lords. Lord Derby went at considerable length through the reasons why the Leasehold Franchise should not have been reduced, and concluded with the observation that with the e xception of two counties, and perhaps a part of a third, the increase in the number of voters, conse quent upon the reduction,would be very insignifi cant, and would not exercise any material influence in an election. It is impossible to imagine a con clusion mote condemnatory of the previous reason ing. It was no doubt a temptation to Lord Derby to expose the confused phraseology of the Com mons' " reasons," but it would have been wiser to refrain. Lord Derby treated the subject of Voting Papers with more brevity, but declared his entire approval of them. Ile even looked forward to a time when they might be adopted, but the light and careless way in which he referred to the possi bility of increased intimidation and corruption in consequence will scarcely tend to diminish the jea lousy of the llouse of Commons. The result, how ever, of his elaborate demonstration of the Com mons' reasons for disagreeing with Voting Papers, and for insisting on a reduction of the Copyhold and Leasehold Franchises, was a recommendation to de fer to them which was immediately accepted. An Irish Peer, Lord Clancarty, expressed some regret that a collision between the two houses had not been preci pitated, to be followed by an appeal to the country, in which the judgment of the Lords would he thought be upheld ; but even this daring Peer silently, if reluctantly, acquiesced in the more peaceful policy of the Prime Minister. The supposed necessity of his case led Lord Derby yesterday into a strange series of contradictions. The reduction of the copy hold and leasehold franchises would be inoperative except so far as to bring a certain additional number of voters on to the register • yet the reduction ought" to have been resisted. I Votine• papers might be abused, and certainly they were brought forward by Lord Salisbury at the latest moment, yet they ought to have been adopted. Triangular constituencies have not worked well without a provision for secur ing the representation of minorities, and they ought not to be increased in number with such a provision incorporated in the law. The enfranchisement of voters is nothing ; the purity of election is a trifle ; the direct representation of the several elements of a large constituency is a dangerous heresy. On the whole, the Commons were wrong on every point, but they must be allowed to have their own way. We confess to being rather of Lord Russell's opinion. The Commons dissented from the objec tionable amendments made by the Lords ; they accepted the amendment that was useful. The Commons believed that the owners of copyholds and leaseholds worth £5 a year are well qualified for the franchise. The Commons believed that the use of voting papers would facilitate undue influence and corrupt practices. We join with Lord Russell in concurring with both these conclusions. We join with him also in the fixed conviction, unshaken by the alarms of prejudice, come from what quarter they may, that the amendment to which the Com mons did agree is the first expression of a just and beneficial principle, the scope of which must be progressively extended to the improvement of the constitution of the House of Commons and to the real emancipation of all sections of voters. TILE "WESTMINSTER GAZETTE" ON THE POPE'S ENE MIES.—Under this heading we have copied else where an article from an American Catholic paper, which mentions some striking instances of the visi ble vengeance of Providence on the unhappy men who took part in the Italian Revolution, and in the spoliation of the Church in the Kingdom of Pied mont and in the Duchies ' and in the usurpation of the dominions of the Holy See. Many additional and still more startling facts might be added to those collected by our able Transatlantic contem porary. We proceed to narrate some of those which have come to our own knowledge, and we hope, I