The Sun. — London, England, 1870-02-22 00:00:00

THE __SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 22, 1870. THE APPAREL OFT PROCLAIMS THE MAN." BEST MATERIALS, BEST STYLES BEST WORKMANSHIP, and LOWEST PRICES, at E. MOSES and SON'S. Every description of Clothing ready-made or made to measure, flr all ages, all occa sions, and all classes, at E. MOSES and OUN'B. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress, Mrs. Swanborough. Tins EvENnto, at 7, THE HEIR AT LAW: Mr Clarke, Mr James, Miss Bufton, &c. With THE TOODLES. Concluding with INO. WOODIN'S CARPET - BAG AND SKETCH BOOK, Egyptian Hall. Piccadilly, every Evening (except Saturday) at 9; Saturday Mornings at 3. Admission, Is, 2s, 3s. Ari immense assortment of WINTER CLOTHING, in all the newest designs and materials, at E. MOSES and BOWS, OVERCOATS from 19d. to L 5. CHRISTY MINSTRELS, St. James's Hall, Every Night, at Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 3 and S all the year round. ZOOLOGICAL 0 , kRDENS, Regent's -park, OPEN daily (ex cept Sundays). Admission, 1L; on Mondays' 6d. Children tinder twelve, 6d, SOY'S OVERCOATS from lOs. 6d. to 455. For the convenience of Ladies accom panying their Eons there is a separate de partment for Boys' Clothing, and it is fur bished with a splendid assortment of Suits, Overcoats, and Clothing for all occasions, including all the favourite designs ar.d the most fashionable materials. ROYAL AL HAMBRA PALACE. THREE BALLETS Promenade Concert. Band of 80. Begin at 8. le. Box-office o pen from 11 to 4. Orders by Post are attended to with care and punctuality, and the easy and accurate system of self-measure introduced by E. 0‘.3 ES cud SON enables them to guarantee a faultless fit. v yit nit • Any article not worn or injured will be Pxciianged, or, if desired, the money will be returned. All Goods are marked in Plain Figuren, from which no abatement can be made. The Stock of Hosiery and Drapery, Hats Ina Caps, and Boots and Shoes, is un squalled for magnitude, variety, and cheap ness. A very large assortment of BLANKETS, from ss. 4d. the pair. Complete Outfits for all Climates, with every requisite for the voyage. List of Prices, with Rules for Self-men sure, Patterns, and Fashion-sheet, gratis and post-free. E. MOSES and SON'S Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset till Saturday evening at sunset, when business is resumed until eleven o'clock. E. MOSES and SON, Ready-made and Be spoke Tailors, Habitmakers, Woollendrapers, Hatters, Hosiers, Boot and Shoe Manufac turers, and General Outfitter for all Classes. Tile following aro the only addresses of E. 110SES and SON:— LONDOY. CORNER OF 3IINORIES AND ALDGATE. NEW OXFORD-STREET, CORNER OF HART STREET. CORNER OF TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD AND EUSTON ROAD. Country Branch BRADFORD, YORKSHIRE. TEIEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. F. L. Ohattsrton. THIS EVENING. at THE WIFEf: Julian St. Pierre, Mr T. C. King; Messrs Barrett, Howard, M Intyre, Moreland, and C. Moore ; Misses Edith Stuart and Hudspeth. After which, at 9, BEAUTY AND THE BEAST; or, OLD MOTHER. BUN 0 i t : Misses Jessie Vokes, Victoria Vokes, and Mosina Yokes, Messrs. Fred. Vokes, W. F. Yokes, Brittain Wright, and Harry Boleno. THEA'T'RE ROYAL, HA YMARKET. Sole Lessee. Mr. Backstone. THIS EVENING, at 7, POPPING THE QUESTION. After which, at 20 minutes to 8, 4 ;UR AMERICAN COUSIN; Characters by Mr Sothern, Mar Buckstone, Mr Chippendale, Mr Braid, Mr Hogers; Mrs Chippendale, Miss F. Wright, Miss F. Owynne, Miss C. Hill, &c. Concluding with DE 4.F AS A. POST: Mr Compton and Mrs F.. Fitzwilliam. Box-office open daily from Ten till Five. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHL Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. WEBSTER THIS EVENING, at 7 o'clock. OPEN TO CONVICTION. Messrs. G. Bohnore, J. D. Beveridge, C. H. Stephenson, Miss L. Grey, and Mrs. Leigh Murray. At 15 to 8, NOT SUCH A FOOL AS HE LOOKS: Mr. H. J. Byron; Mersrs J. D. Beveridge, C. H. Stephenson, Georeg Be!more. Miss Lavis, Mrs Leigh Murray. and Miss M. Hearts. And TEL NIGHTINGAL . Mr Benjamin Webster; Messrs Arthur Stirling, J. D. Beveridge, Skinner, lliss Furtado, Mrs Alfred Mellon, 3liss Eliza Johnstone, Mrs Caulfield, &c. Box-office open daily, from 10 till 5. No fees for booking. Boxes can be secured a fortnight in advance. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE Lessee and Manager—Mr. Benjamin 'Wester. T FIN EVENING, at 7. FORMOSA : Messrs. J. Rouse, Rig nold, Ashley, Taylor, Lin Rayne, Phillips, Leeson, Eburne, Romer, &e.: Mesdames Billington, K. Rodgers, M. Brennan, E. Barnett, L Grey, &e With A F TF,fl: DARK; 3lessrs Bignold, Ashley, Rouse, Lee son, Phillips, Rayne; M;sses it. Leclercq and Barnett. LYCEUM THEATRE (under the mananment of Messrs Mansell (elegantly redecorated by MacTilh!osh): TEAS EVENING at 9.3O'..TVENTY MINUTES WITH A. TIGER: Messrs Cogli!itn, Odell, and Wilmott; Mesdames Rig nold and Morgan. Aft r waich, CITILPr.RIC, by nerve: Messrs M. Marius, G. Vincent, Odell, Lapierre, Coghlan. and 11. Nerve: Mesdames Dolaro, Rtzlmna.n, Romanelli, Nel.ie Nesbit, and Miss Emily Muir. p I 0 YAL STE. AN I) 'T lIE ATR E. L, Sole I.essee and Manageress, Mrs Swenberough. THIS EVENING. at 7. THE Man T LAW: l'esrs. J. S. Clarke, D. Janie Crouch; Mesdames Button and Claire. Followed by TIT E TO( )0 ES: Mr Clarke. After which, I? O; Messrs Thorne. James, Fenton, Turner ; 3lestlarnes Sheridan, Newton, Maitland, Lte. issue. LOIVDOiV, TUESDAY, FEB. 22, 1870. WE are at last promised a reform of the remark able system of judicial procedure between natives and foreigners which prevails in Egypt. An International Commission has been sitting at Cairo, and has decided to recommend the abolition of the Consular Courts and the establishment of a different system of tribunals in their place. The change has long been grievously heeded. Tile judicature which at present exits was founded on the self-satisfied notion that " barbarians " were not fitted to arrange disputes in which Europeans were concerned, and accordingly an agreement was ex torted from Egypt, in virtue of which a foreigner was empowered to bring all his legal business before a consular tribunal of his own nation. No doubt this measuring out to Egyptians treat ment which would never be offered to the most in significant European State has been highly beneficial to " whites;" but it has proved very disastrous to the Egyptians. Nothing, in fact, has done so much 'to restrain the development of commerce in the land of the PHAROAUS. No prudent Egyp tian will accept the surety of a European, or make any compact with him; for even if he survive the adverse chances of a Consular Court, it is in the power of his adversary to appeal to his home government, and carry the suit to a distant land. If a foreizuer be in possession of any article claimed by a native, justice can readily be defeated should it be on the side of of the latter. If one Consular Court decides against the foreigeier, he hands over the property in dispute to a confederate of a different nationality. The same court will not do in this case; the native must sue the swindler before the tribunal of the lattefe own nation. i nus the process may possibly go on through some sixteen courts. "Foreigner's and foreign capita) s.re kept from Egypt by such a state of the law, or rather by the want of justice, except those who are tempted to come to Egypt by the distraction of the law and the difficulty of punishing the guilty." Still more hurtful, perhaps, is the tendency of Europeans to refer all their disputes, of whatever kind, to their consuls, and thus converting the most trivial legal question into a case for diplomatic interven tion. In fine, the evils of the system are so serious as to entirely blOck the course of progress in country which is capable of rapid development. It is beside the question to inquire under what circumstances a Government is so barbarous that it ..r tree present rate or re-election, the entire cannot be permitted to administer its own laws, and personnel of the House of Commons will be changed : when it becomes sufficiently enlightened to be before the expiration of its natural life, as the body spared the insult of foreign tribunals forcibly planted of man is supposed to be replaced once in every on its territory. It is clear that Consular seven years. Thirty-three new members were Courts are from their nature unsatisfactory; they are elected during 1869, and since the new year an extreme remedy only to be applied in cases of the the work of reconstruction has advanced direst necessity. It is also clear that between such a sys at the rate of a dozen a month. These tern and perfect independence in a State where law and changes are sufficiently numerous to admit of the order are unsettled, there are various measures which most important results. Mr. GLADSTONE'S majority i may be adopted. Such a mean the International might have been seriously affected ; the Opposition Commission has found. It has overcome the diffi might have risen to hopeful proportions; the Censer- culty by recommending mixed tribunals with native and vative reaction might have set in at last. The fact is, foreign judges. There is to be a competent court to however, that we have been troubled with the maximum administer justice to natives and foreigners alike. of political disturbance with the minimum of results. From this there is to be a right of appeal Seldom have so many elections occurred at once; to one High Court, and the judgments are to and more seldom still has so much battling borne be executed without any interference on the part of so little fruit. The relations of parties remain in the Egyptian Government. The first tribunal will precisely the same state, and nobody of any conse- consist of three European and two native judges ; quence has entered Parliament by means of these the second of four Europeans and three natives. vacancies. In Southwark the return of 'Colonel BERES- Thus the " civilised " interests will command a ma- FORD in place of Mr. LAYARD won the Conservatives a seat; but at Bridgnorth th e T ory, Mr. WarrmonE, I ority. There will b e no fain- v ii i ,j uotku Lu Durorcana, whilst the natives have such confidence in retired, and no candidate was opposed to the Liberal, European magistrates as to be willing to go before Mr. FOSTER. Mr. DAVID WILLIAMS slept with hi s tribunals where numbers are against them. What they fathers, and after a faint Conservative protest Mr. do object to is the intolerable oscillation between the HOLLAND reigns in Merionethshire in his stead. Even I different consular tribunals, and the monstrous appeals the contest at Nottingham, lively as that borough I to the home Governments. The new system will of usually becomes at election time, can decide only the course put an end to these suits. The administration interesting question whether the lambs really will I will be uniform and final. choose such a representative as Mr. DIGBY SEYMOUR, as they nearly did a few months ago, when that gentleman opposed Mr. SEELEY. The numerous Irish elections have been remarkable for nothing beyond an exceptional amount of riot. When the ATTORNEY - GENERAL became a judge, the Mallow electors very properly selected a Liberal, Mr. MUNSTER, in preference to the many-sided Major Kxox. A real Conservative is an intelligible choice ; but a candidate who lays himself out for both Tory and Nationalist votes, as Major KNOX did, is a political phenomenon with which reasonable people cannot sympathise. Two of the last batch of Liberal peers have been re placed by two Liberal commoners, who were con strained to swallow fixity of tenure and divers other extreme doses in order to win their seats. At Londonderry a vigorous attempt to oppose the re-election of the Irish Attorney-General ended only in a little more Irish uproar. At Dublin University one Conservative lawyer has been followed by another. The real Fenian M.P. for Tipperary is pre vented from taking his seat by circumstances over which he has no control, and the "sham Fenian "is exceedingly likely to take his place. Nothing could be more ordinary than the sum total of these exciting battles. The same may be said of the elections during 1869. Well nigh fifty new members effect no important alteration in the Lower House. By far the most important and interesting con , test was that in Southwark. The exciting three cornered struggle between the Liberal alderman, the Conservative wharfinger, and the Radical artisan has occupied a large, but not disproportionate share of public attention. And yet its real significance., was appreciated by few t the time. By most writers the contest was regarded as a simple case of very bad management - in tlle . Liberal camp, a foolish dir!siou of strength until it was too late to rectify the blunder. Tt ia 11u such interpretation can be put upon the It is certain that the middle class Liberals— the tradesmen and the like—voted for Sir SYDNEY WATE [mow until his case was hopeless, and then trans ferred their favour to the Conservative. ColonelßEßES- , FORD won his seat by a coalition of Conservatives and moderate Liberals against Radical artisans. The natural inference that the working class, irritated at this arrogant exclusive spirit, will in future fight their own battles, is borne out by the candidature of Mr. APPLEGARTH at Maidstone, in opposition to Sir Jolter Lunnoere—one of the most thoroughly competent and appropriate representatives that the Liberals could have chosen. That another three cornered contest will lead to another Conservative victory is pretty certain. Parties in Maidstone are balanced much more evenly than in Southwark. Nor will such an issue in itself be deplorable; for a little more strength to the Opposition would do good. But it will indeed be a national cala mity if party divisions are hereafter regulated by industrial grades, if politicians range themselves only in the two opposite camps of employers and employed. Yet to such an end are we apparently tending. Surely there could have been no harm in letting Mr. ODGER win the Southwark seat. There could be no reason to fear that working men would be shovelled wholesale into the Lower House. All experience is against such a conclusion. Working men have neither the opportunity nor the training to enable them to figure in large numbers as active politicians. None of the French revolu tionary leaders, MIRABEAU, DANTON, VERGNIAUD, ROBESPIERRE—Were working men. None of the representatives of universal suffrage in France at the present time are artisans. The masses must have their leaders, and in France they find the ablest men in the country ready to do their work much better than they can do it themselves. Mr. ODGER'S candidature can be regarded as little more than an attempt to break the spell, to reform the rich man's club, to prove that wealth is not the only condition of entrance to the Legislature. As a protest of this kind it was both laudable and reason able. The shopocracy have chosen to disre gard it; and they are free to follow their opinions or prejudices. But it must not be forgotten that the "-residuum" is now a power, and it may be a dangerous one. Working men have now votes; they are in a majority in more than half the consti tuencies of the kingdom. To contemptuously disre gard them as if 1870 were the age of ten-pounders is ignorant and foolish. FOREIGN NOTES. PRUSSIA AND BAVARIA. The resistance which the Bavarian Parliament has made to the policy of King Louis, and which has hithertoproved so successful in forcing Prince Hohenlohe to resign, has caused great irritation at Berlin . The Prussian journals have expressed themselves in the most indignant terms on the subject, and have even gone so far as to threaten the Bavarians. They declare that if they persist in their ob stinate course, they must be excluded from the Zollverein, which would bring about a famine. MI i ,SVELLANEOU,• IVE TVS. TILE "PALL MALL GAZETTE" AND MP,. DOUCICAULT The charge of libel brought by Mr. Dion Boucicault against the publisher of the Pall Mall Gazette need never have troubled Mr. Knox at his police court. The quarrel - has been made up to the entire satisfaction - of both parties: Mr. Boucicault Said he would be perfectly satisfied if it well_ asserted that the letter complained of was not written with any intent to damage his character. The publisher declares that this is the very point he wished to express, and so the combatants have shaken hands and made it up. The Pall Mall Gazdts yes terday supplemented its previous concessions by ex pressing its regret at having caused any annoyance, thougliunintentionally, to kr. Boucicault. THE EMPEROR OP AUSTRIA IN DALMATIA. The German papers prophesy the best results from the approaching visit of the Austrian Emperor to Dalmatia, and their opinion is shared by the inhabitants of the eastern side of the Adriatic. All the preparations for this visit have already been made, and it is hoped, for the general peace of Europe, and in the particular interests of ttle Dalmatian countries, that the Emperor will push his journey further into the interior than any of his predeces sors have done. CIIIXA. Sir Rutherford Alcock, while staying at Hong Kong during the first days of the year, received deputations from the Chamber of Commerce, and from a public meet ing held in that City on the 3rd. The Chamber of Commerce view the changes introduced by Sir Rutherford in the Supplementary Convention, and the concessions which he has made to the Chinese, with great displeasure. Sir Rutherford, after listening to their arguments, declared himself unconvinced, for if we acknowledged international law at all in our dealings with China, we must grant her the privileges usually accorded to treaty nations. Mr. Pollard, Q.C., the spokesman of the public com mittee, said the reciprocity question, was just that on which the community were at variance with the Home Government. They held that China was not entitled to all the privileges accorded under international law to civilised communities. Sir R. Alcock said in answer to inquiries respecting the navigation of the Upv2r Yangt. , ze, that he should himself be glad to see navigation granted as far as Ichang, but he thought no concessions could at weeF,ent ha atminp,l COAL IN CHINA AND JAPAN. The Chinese merchants are turning their attention to the coal mining question, and the Nanking Government appears to be willing to open mines with the aid of foreign engineers, though not of foreign capital. At Kobd (Japan) Sir H. Parkes has succeeded in adjusting a long-standing dispute between the Custom-house and merchants, respecting the duty on coals used by coasting steamers. RAILWAY IN JAPAN. The Japan Times of the 30th December announces an important undertaking. A contract has been concluded for the construction of a railway from Yeddo to Kioto, to be built by English engineers. The Japanese Government have been entrusted with a million sterling for this pur pose. The railway will be the property of the Govern ment, and a lien on its receipts will be the guarantee for the interest of the loan. It is expected that the introduc tion of this railway will do more to revolutionise the country than even the change of Government, and that great benefits will accrue from the scheme. OUTRAGE UPON AMERICANS IN HABANA. On the sixth of February four Americans were fired upon by a Spaniard in the streets of Habana. One was killed, and two severely wounded. The Captain-General has used every means to discover the perpetrator of the deed, and to bring him to justice. Secretary Fish received intelligence of the affair, and immediately telegraphed for particulars. SMUGGLING THROGUH THE MAILS. At the Chicago Post-office a system of smuggling through the mails has been discovered, and the Custom house officers have seized a number of articles manu factured in Europe. Books, laces, and furs were put in ordinary newspaper wrappers, and suspicionwould not have been excited had not so many been addressed to one place. A member of the Chicago Board of Education was de tected in smuggling books. Twelve dozen hymn books addressed to Brigham Young have been seized. The exact value of the articles smuggled has not been estimated, but it is believed that a million of dollars is involved in the affair. 1111 TOMLINE, ALP., AND VIE MINT. Mr. G. Tomline, M.P. for Grimsby, recently for warded to the Mint rather more than 25 ounces of standard gold, with a request that it might be coined into sovereigns, and 393 ounces of standard silver, with a request that it might be coined into shillings. Mr. Tomline, in a letter to the Master of the Mint, added :—" I know that the Mint has been for a very long time little occu pied ; and I wish that you would have the goodness to perform your duty as speedily as possible." Mr. C. W. Fremantle replied that, pending the appoint ment of a Master of the Mint in the room of the late Mr. Graham, the department had no power to issue either gold or silver coin. Mr. Fremantle added that a bill introduced into the House of Commons provided that the Chancellor of the Exchequer for the time being should be Master of the Mint ; and from the date on which this bill might become law the issue of coin would be resumed. As re gards the silver bullion, Mr. Fremantle called Mr. Towline's attention to the 9th section of the Act L 6 George 111., cap. 68, which enacted that so soon as a Royal proclamation should be issued for the purpose it should be lawful for the public to deliver silver at the Mint for coinage, under certain conditions. Such a Royal proclatna tion not having been issued the dei art ment had not the power to rec: ive for coinage the parcel of silver bullion which Mr. Tomline hal transmitted, and it was therefore returned to him. Towline rejoins :—" Instead of proceeding against you for the injury you do me I will offer my standard gold and silver in payment of taxes, leaving the Chancellor of the Exchequer to prosecute me, and settle the question whether it be indeed the law that he tnay take in taxes more coins than are permitted to circulate in England, may take them in advance, may encourage the Bank directors to export them, and yet forbid a taxpayer to convert his standard silver and gold into the coins by which his taxes must be paid." LADY POLITICLNS. The people of Nottingham ae partial to antici pating the happy time when wcnen shall be enfran chised-, by largely employing the fir sex in electioneer ing. Ono of the few droll things in connec tion with the general electiQ was the funny speech made by Mr. Bernal Osbone on the influence of Sir Robert Clifton's wife. Mis time Mr. Digby Seymour has got his two dauglites to work. They. have employed themselves in cawassing, and in dis tributing in the public streets and market-place pho tographs of their father in his robs as Recorder for Newcastle ; also cards bearbg the follow ing inscription :—"Nottingham Election, 1870. —Miss Seymour solicits your rote and interest on behalf of her father, W. Digby Seymour." The Hon. Auberon Herbert is assited by Mr. George Potter and Mr. Mundelh, M.P:, but Mr. Seymour looks very formidable, for the Consgvative candidate, Mr. Augustus Thorne, has withdrawn in his favour. Thus Mr. Digby Seymour's developnent is complete. Some years ago he was in the grub date as a Liberal, and in that degrading capacity he rerresented Hull. In the chrysalis stage he appeared as an .ndependent. lle is now a full-bl - own Conservative lutterfly, sweetly flitting about the Constitution, the Altar, and the Throne. WORKING MEN CANDIDATES. The hostility between the middle-class and the arti san Liberals develops triumphantly. Zo sooner ha.s Sir John Lubbock come forward as the Liberal candidate for Maidstone, than Mr. Applegarth springs up in the working man's interest - As th 4 numbers scored by the two Liberals and the two Donservatives at the last election were 1569, 1546, 1412, and 1369, respectively, it is clear that very little exertion on the part of Mr. Applegarth will be meded to lose the party a seat. Indeed, if the two Liberals go to the poll, the victory of the Consenutive, who is un derstood to be Mr. Parbury, must be inevitable. FAGGOT VOTING" IN SCOTLAND. The practice of "faggot voting," though the defini tion of the term may be puzzling to the uninitiated, seems to have been the means of helping aspiring legislators to Westminster, when they ought properly to have remained in content far away to the north of the Tweed. Some of the smaller county constituencies, such as Peebles and Selkirk, are swamped by the importation of people living in distant i)laces, who are qualified; by .uurcha,se of 1,“ of property, just sufficient to carry a vote. The Scotsman says that at the last general election, Sir Graham Montgomeiy was returned by a majority of only three, and but for alien votes he would have been utterly defeated. The total poll of the successful candidate was only 361, showing a small constituency very easily operated on by artificial additions. Th e House of 'Commons noticed this state of things last year, but this year the thing has been done on a larger scale still, and one Conservative agent ha s c rea t e d, says the Pall Mall Gazette, upwards of fifty electors for Peeblesshire, "with not one of whom Peeblesshire has anything to do, and who are scattered all over the empire, from the glens of the Highlands to the shores of Kent, and even to India's coral strand." METRIC 'WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. A deputation comprising Lord Fortescue, Sir Charles Adderley, Dr. Farr, and others, have waited upon Mr. Shaw-Lefevre at the Board of Trade on the subject of the introduction of the metric system into the weights and measures of the General Post Office. The Daily Telegraph, in noticing the cir cumstance, says that the change might be a practical advantage, if the metrical system could be intro duced at the same time into the currency and into the wholesale and retail commerce. But till we see our way to throw our pounds, shil lings, and pence overboard, and to assimilate our currency to the decimal idea which dominates in France and the United States, metric reforms would, .perhaps, do more harm than good. Our contempo rary thinks that the abolition of troy weight without any collateral revision of weights and measures might at present only serve to bother the Bullion Office at the Bank of England, and bewilder the watchmakers and jewellers of Clerkenwell. LOSS OF THREE MILLIONS. A Banker" maintains in the Times the start- ling proposition that if Mr. Lowe - pays the funds' dividends quarterly Instead of half-yearly he must lose three millions of money. It ordinarily happens that the deeper a man's know ledge of financial matters the more unintelligible his explanations, but "A Banker" puts the matter plainly enough :—" Suppose I hold £lOO Consols, and now receive 30s. in January and 30s. in July. Instead of this I am to get 15s..in April and 15s. in July. By this means I gain a quarter's interest on 15s. The process is to be repeated in October. I therefore set half a year's interest on 155., or a whole year's interest on Gd. Now, if lam to4have the interest on 7s. Gd. in perpetuity, I am as much pleased as if Mr. Lowe had given me 7s. Gd. That is to say, Mr. Lowe's proposal gives I t -, 1 per cent on the whole amount of the Three per cents." No process of reasoning will convince this writer that a man who receives money before it is due is not a F ainer. In fact Mr. Lowe's ~Leme was entirety iounded upon ty prepayment gain. THE TELBORAPHS. From a statement by Mr. Scudamore, it appears that the Most Office is steadily progressing with its new business. On Monday hst the total number of messages sent in from the chief London offices was 2,122 ; on Tuesday, 2,421; on Wednesday, 2,598 ; on Thursday, 2,620 ; on Friday, 2,789 ; on Saturday, 2,029. It will be seen that there is here a progres sional improvement, with the exception of Saturday, when business is always slackest. The proportion of messages delivered between the hours of 9 a.m. and 6 p.m., has likewise increased. On Monday it was 78 per cent„ on Saturday it was 90. The depart.. ment is evidently coming round with its work. COMPULSORY EDUCATION. Professor Fawcett, M.P., writes to the Tim es on the subject of the permissive compulsion to be acc or d e d to local bodies by the provi▪ sions of Mr. F ors t er ' s measure. In this question, above all others, Parlia ment should not, says Mr. Fawcett, shrink fro m ex pressing an opinion, instead of abrogating its fun c ti ons to the nominees of town counci▪ ls and country vestries. Numerous difficulties, too, would attend the car r yi ng out of this system. Local decisions to apply coin pulsory attendance might be adopted one year and reversed the next. The school boards in specting a district and finding insufficient ap pliances for education, will order the erection of buildings which perhaps may be rendered useless by the non-adoption of compulsion. Again, in places like London, while school attendance is enforced in one district and not in another, those p aren t s w h o desire to evade the law will be abl e t o d o so by moving into the adjoining nei g hb our h ood, The bill will do little for many children i who most need it. It s not to b e suunosed that the 20,000 children who are receivinx no eaucation In Manchester and Liverpool are grow ing up in ignorance because there are not aclriols for them to attend. Under such circumstanc es compul sion is necessary, but the means of carrying it out proposed by Mr. F o rster are not, acco r di ng t o M r. Fawcett, in accordance with the wishes of the nation and of the House of Commons. THE LICENSING SYSTEM. A challenge by the Times to the committee of the National Association to bring forward a scheme of "ratepayers' control" is promptly answere d by the Rev. IL J. Ellison, the chairman. lle says the plan of the committee is that in each locality there should be a Licensing Board, to be elected annually by the ratepayers, with full powers subject to such limitation as the law should provide, for granting or fefusing licenses. These limitations would, doubtless, says Mr. Ellison, in the present state of public opinion, prevent the closing of public houses by the wish of any majority, however large. But the law " would certainly give to the Board the power of refusing to license any fresh houses, of withdrawing the license from houses which had violated the conditions of the license ; and probably, though this, of course, would not be clone without great opposition, of refusing to renew the licences of the present beershops—purely per sonal licences, be it remembered—when they are voided by the death or removal of the occupier." This alone, supposing that Boards favourable to restriction were elected, would in the course of a few years get rid of the remaining 50,000 of these creations of the Beershop Act of 1830, or, in other words, of one-third the whole number of drii)lcing houses. Mr. Ellison does not enter into the question whether this rate of speed would be at all equal to the necessities of the case. SIR JOSEPII IVIIITWORTII UPON 3IACTIINERY, Sir Joseph Whitworth has been addressing the Foremon Engineers on machinery. lie said the prosperity of England depended, not only on the produce of her soil and mines, but also klcatly on the number of self acting machines' she keeps at work. lie contends that in proportion to the increase of the latter has been her increase in wealth and power. lie considers that the produce of our mines of coal and iron is so abundant that we can convert the raw material we obtain from other countries into an almost endless variety of things which add to the comfort of all. The full employment•cf machinery, he argues, requires a free exchange of the produce of all countries. Engineers have so reduced the cost and time of transit, that when we have this free exchange England will probably be the cheapest country in the world to live in. In his opinion the taxing of imports has long appeared illogical and paradoxical, seeing that the labour of 1,000 men employed in cultivating the soil in foreign countries, could in many cases be obtained for the labour of one man in this country employed op a self-acting 13,q4clijnp, THE SCIENCE OF RELIGION. Professor Max Muller has been lecturing at the Royal Institution on the science of religion, _pre fa3ing his remarks by promising to say nothing that would hurt the religious susceptibilities of the members of any sect whatever. A better knowledge of religion was gained by comparison, even though the comparative system may lead us into the study of error. The materials existing for com paring our religion with that •of other nations were many. The spread of Oriental languages had ren dered this view of theology practicable, and it was advantageous for our religion not to shrink from any comparison with the established principles of the religions of the whole world. The more we knew of subject the more we should find that the purest truth lies hidden in even the most despised religions, and we should learn that God is no respecter of persons, and that he who fears Him and worships righteously is acceptable in whatever form he conies before Him. THE THEOILY OF EVOLUTION'. was not the first, nor would it be the last, timo tha the animal in question had done duty. PRINCE PIERRE BONAPARTE. THE LEADERSHIP OF THE CONSERVA• TIVE PEERS. The following letter has been addressed by Lord Derby to Lord Colville : " 23, St. James's-square, Feb. 21. " l)ii sR COLVILLE,—Whpn f 1- 3, ast: or -Rich- anointed me of the resolution arrived at by the meeting of the Conservative Peers, held at the Carlton on Saturday, requesting me to accept the leadership of the party in the House of Lords, I felt it due both to them and myself, while promising an ear:y decision, to requelt that a short interval might be allowed for the consideration of their propos d. " I could not but feel deeply the value of the confidence thus reposed in me, and my anxiety not likely to reject a position of possible public useful ness was increased by the apprehension that a re fusal on my part might, in the present state of matters, cause a certain degree of inconvenience to those with whom I have so long acted, and from whom I have just received so signal a mark of friendship and regard. "You will not b 6 surprised that, under these circumstances, I should have hesitated for some time before giving the answer which, on deliberate reflection, I feel it my duty to give. " It is essential for the satisfactory conduct of the affairs of a party that its leader should be at once efficient and experienced. Any deficiency in these respects is injurious, not only to the interests of the party itself, but to the proper conduct of public businets. Now, I need not remind you that the practice of the House of Lords is absolutely new to me ; and you will not suspect me of affected modesty when I say that the function of party leadership, honourable and im portant as it is, does not seem to me one for which lam by habit or temperament well qualified. To other claims on my time and attention, though there e many, I will not refer ; for, if no public obstacle existed, private convenience should be set aside. But I am convinced that both to our friends and the public 1 shoula be of less use as a leader than as a simple member of the House of Lords, and this consideration alone decides me, though with sincere regret, to decline au offer for which .1 shall always feel grateful. " Of the work of the House I hope to take my full share. You will not, I trust, often find me absent from my place on any important debate, and you may confidently reckon on such help as I can give. "I have addressed this letter toyou by the Duke's rtqw.st, he having, as I understand, left town.— Believe me, my dear Colville, very sincerely yours, DERBY. ~ To Lord Colville." FRAUDS ON THE ADMIRALTY. It is said that further frauds have been discovered in the mode of supplying necessaries for the Royal Navy, and that a number of the public servants are implicated in the alleged frauds. THE FOREIGN TRADE.—The import entries of foreign goods in the port of New York for the seven months commencing July 1, 1869, and ending January 29, 1870, amount i n va l ue to $149,221,512 (gold), against 5140,990,398 during the corresponding period of the previous year, making an inmeaso of $8,231,114. The exports of domestic products and miscellaneous goods during tho seven months ending January 29th, 1870, amount in value to $120.806,438 in currency, against $91,773,404 for the corresponding period in 1868- 9, making an increase of $29,933,031. The exports of - gold anl silver between July Ist, 1869, to January 19th, 1870, amount to $19,338,914, against $2 ,023,378 during the corresponding, period iu the previous year, making a decroase of $5,684,434. The Customs duties r,ceived between July Ist, 1869, and January 29th, 1870, amount tJ 571,572,2: 6 (gold), against $69,445,951 in the corresponding period of the previous year, an in crease of $5,126,27;3. The gibd interest paid out between July Ist, 1869, and January 2)th, 1870, amounts to $61,218,t-51, against 5111,234,802 during the previous cor zespouding period. Le Credit into-national says :—" These pens eclipse anything we have ever had the pleasure of meeting with, and aro a real boon to literary men and the public in general." TuE WAVERLEY, PICKWICK, Art) OWL PENS. —The Iron Trade Circular says :—" From the testimony of 670 Newspapers the Public may rest assured they are the best Pens invented." Sold everywhere. Shippers supplied by the Patentees. Sample Box, ls. 2d. by Post. —3lAcnvEN and CAAIERQN, 23, Blair-street, Ediuburgh. 7 — f Advt.] The chair of the Geological Society .has been held for two years by Professor Huxley, who, on retiring, has favoured the world with his own deductions on the theory of evolution. Eight years ago, he said, ho had discussed the subject of . palaeontology, .and given his opinions upon it, opinions which by the light of the more advanced knowledge of the present day had been since modified. fle believed that no geologist now held the doctrine that the whole life of any formation ever died out entirely, but that replacements had been gradual. The longer he occupied him se lf w ith th e bi o l ogy of the past, the more ( lid ho c ons id er th a t very littllo change had Olen place in animal types. w ANTIES." The journals which occupy themselves more espe cially with fish; flesh, and fowl matters, are just now interested in the question of horse warrants. Why, it is asked, should a horse dealer be supposed to give a guarantee with every animal he sells, when nothing of the kind is done in any other branch of trade ? The warrants aro of no value. It is notorious that the most extensive trickery prevails in all transactions of the kind. More 'reliance on the ordinary confidence between buyer and seller would produce much better results. It may be so; and if the following story, which is told by one of the sporting papers, be anything like a fair illustration of average horse dealing, the sooner things are altered the bVpr : A large stud was offered to sale at s. A gentleman pur chased a horse out of it for a hundred and thirty guineas, which a few days after had an attack of staggers. His owner sent him to the Veterinary College, where he was immediately reco g nised as having been un der treatment recently, and pronounced incurable. "And what became of him ?" asked the purchaser. "His owner gave him to—the gentleman out of whose stud he had been just purchased." The horse was sent back to auction, sold for thirty guineas, and purchased by the same indi vidual who had so recently sold him. No doubt it A decree signed " Napoleon " is published in the French Journal Officiel, convoking the Chamber of Judgment of the High Court of Justice for Monday the 21st of March. The selection of the jurors will be made by lot before the middle of next week. The object of this decree is not mentioned; but of course it is the trial of Prince Pierre Bonaparte for the murder of Victor Noir. The High Court will meet at Tours, a town in the interior of France, and far removed from the centre of revolutionary discontent in Paris. The ex traordinary announcement in . the Gazette de s n w m ibu aux—that the preliminary vestlgation shews the Prince was provoked before he fired the fatal shot— may be taken as an indication that the offender will be very lightly punished. Why, if the preliminary investigation be secret at all, should legal papers be permitted to sound_ the public by announcements of this kind ? THE LATI , - t i; r7 THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUS"' to be seen Every Evening by 810 at Mr. ROBERT MEACOCK's, .o.4tannia, Kensal New-town. SPORTING. —JOHN ROBERTS supplies the LATEST EDITION of "THE SUN" as soon as pub ished.-1, Bath-street, City-read. E 0. THE LATE EDITION of "THE SUN" at JAMES SPEEDY'S, "The Wehington,"Wellington-street S rand. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied as soon as published, every Evening, by S. Wir,soN, newsagent, awl special agent for the North-western District, 21, Delancey-street, Camden town, N W IIE SUN. - LATEST EDITION • to he seen in the Coffee Room, at the "Southampton Arms," High street, Camden-town, where all Sporting and Political events are freely discussed. THE SUN.—LATEST EDITION t o b e seen every Evening, at Eight o'clock, at Mr GILLMAN'S, " The Wheatsheaf," High-street, 'iamden-town. THE LA ITST EDITION of " THE SUN " J. lI)LMES begs to inform his friends and the public generally that he supplies the LATEST EDITION of "THE St.TN " as soon as published.—No. 10, Ha rripstead-road N.W. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " may he seen at Eight o'clock every Evening at Mr. It. NEWPORTS', the Oxfo r d A rms, High-street, Camden-town rHE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied, as soon as published, Every Evening, by W ALEX AND ER (late Brooks), Newspaper Agent, No. 4, Old zjavorri!sh street, Oxford-street 3 THE LATEST or SPECIAL EDITION of "THE SUN" every Evening, at Eight o Clock, at Mr ROBERTS', "The Black Cap," High-street, Camden-town. (SHE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " 1 supplied as soon as published, containing all the LATEST NEWS and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by H W HARRIS, Newspaper Agent, 4, Black - friars-road ,London, S. LATE EDITION of "THE SUN" at W. SMITH'S •' Camden Stores," 78, Park-street, Camden- town. (OHN GOSNF.LL and CO.'S CHERRY eJ TOOTH PASTE is greatly superior to any tooth Po • wder • given tho to o th a pearl whiteness, protects the enamel from decay, and imparts a pleasant fragrance to the breath. Price ls. 6d.—Red Bull Wharf, 93, Upper Thames-street, London. NOTHING IMPOSSIBLE. GUN AMARELLA restores the Human Hair to its pristine hue, no matter at what age. JNO. GOSNELL and CO. have at length, with the aid of one of the most eminent Chemists, succeeded in perfect iw; this wonairful liquid. It is now offered to tbs public itz a more concentrated form, and at a lower pri e. Sold in bottles, 3s. each ; also 55., is. 6d., And 15s. each, clu ling brush. Re I Bull Wharf, Angel passsage, 93, Upper Thames reet London. E.C. TIT F,ATIZE-POYA L DIMTRY-L AXE. 'ole Lessee t/vi NT:tn,tAror. lir. F. f. Chatter On. TIITA EvE:crra. at 7, THE WIFE: Messrs T. 6:king, Bar lett, Howar,l. M'lnlyra. C. Mourn, Mora:and; Misses E. Stnart and Hudspeth. At t', BEAUTY AND THE BEAST: Messrs. Fra.l. VGlces, 13ritta!n Wr7ght, Harry roieno: 'ilexes &e. TRIR LVFNINO TIIEATIII:-110YAL, HAYMARKET ', at 7 o'cln,k, P")PPTNG Tiff: QTIEsTIOV. After at ••,") to 8, OUR AlumlcAN r(ITT.IN; Messrs ; Mrs Chin - o,ndale, Miss P. \Vrght, &e. Concluding with DEAF A-4 A POST IIOYA L PCINCESS . S THEATIIF:. TIII3 EVENING. at 7, FOR. VO3A : Mes,zv. J. House, Pignold, Taylor, Philips Leeson. Eh , rnf., 1%.1, s,l .111e3 Killington. K. Po I,ro:'s, IBrenrytn. Barnett. flrey. &e. Followed by AFTER DARK : Ilignold, Ashley,- lions:), dc .; Miss hose Le clerc,' an,lSlis3 flar,ett. THEATRE-I:O%AL, ADELPITI. rtrs Eve•:yrs4. at 7. OPEN TO CONVICTION. Messrs .T. D. I3everidge, C. IT. rtephe,son, Miss L. Orey, 9,nd :`,lrs P Alurra,y. At 15 to 8, NOT , UCEI A POOL AS 111: LOOKS: Mr 11. J. Byron. And TttE NIMITINGA LE Mr Benjamin Webster, Messrs Arthur Stirling, J. O. Beveridge, Skinner, Miss Purtrulo, Nrs Alfred Mellon, Miss Eliza John stone, Mrs Caulfield, &e. LYCEUM THEATRE. Tim EVENING. at 7, TWENTY MINUTES WIFH A TIGER Ant CHILPERIC: M. Marius, G Vincent, Odell, Lapierre, anal 31. Ilervti; Mes James Dolaro, Fitzlnman, Ito =twill, Nellie Nesbit, and Miss Emily Muir. )IT - rrxxr, of ig TIIF, SUN " at ;,. Boy , : trot++, • —••••••••-•• TIT E 4, SUN" NEWSPAPER.--G. R. G _ENTE, Sporthig Library. 4, Connaught-terra.:T. Edgewaro•roa.l, delivers the LATE EDITION of "THE SAN" as soon as published. . 4, 24 4 o r 1,11„ iIER MAJESTI WINDSOR CASTLE, Feb. 21. Her Majesty, accompanied by her Royal High ness Princess Louise, walked and drove in the grounds this morning. Prince Leopold also went out. The Prince of Wales rode out yesterday. LATEST INT= IGEN CE (REV"ER'S TELEGRAMS.) FRANCE. PARIS, Feb. 22. The Imperial decree of i 1.869, referring to the rotation of the Court of Justice, has been abo rshed. The report of M. Chevondicr de Valdrome, Mi nister of the Interior, is published this morning on the subject of decentralisation, and on the compo sition of the committee appointed to report on the question. M. Odillon Barrot is the president, and among the members are M. M. Dupont, White, Guillaume, Guizot, and Prevost Paradel. Nothing is officially known in confirmation o ,he rumoured loss of the frigate Sybille. It is said that the Prefect of the Seine yesterday made a report to the Municipal Council, wherein he proposes to raise a loan of 250,000,000 f. BOURSE, Feb. 21.—Three o'clock—The marks closed as follows per Cent. 3 per Cent E.,1 of thou tit Ts Co2l Credit Alobilier 205 Transatlantic 215 Crodit Poncier 1770 Paris Ga 5,....... 1740 Suez Canal ........ . 340 RAILWA Bank Shares 2900 Eta Fan wives 55 60 Austrian Fives Ottoman Loan 323 Do. Debt. 45 20 Spanish Threes 26 50 Rome Debt.. Deferred . .YS, Orleans ..... Western 63 0 Northern 630 Strasburg 00 Lyons and Mediterranean . 1000 Southern..... 6171 Sardinian Austrian b4 Lombard 770 North of Sp a i n bo o64 li 65 Saragossa 46 Roman AMERICA. (Per French Atlantic Cable.) WASHINGTON, Feb. 21. The Texas Legislature has ratified the Negro Suffrage Amendment. NEW YORK, Feb. 21. The Guion steamship Idaho arrived here at 6 a.m. yesterday. The extra Cunard steamer Aleppo arrived out at a.m. yesterday. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. CLOSING PRICES. Gold closed at 1186, ; the highest quotation dur ing the clay was 119. ; the lowest, 1183. Sterling Exchange on London loBk. 5-20 U. S. Bonds, 1882 ll5l. " 1885 1143. tt " 1867 ll3l. 10-40 46 112 g. Illinois 1441. Erie Cotton—Mid. upland 24kc. Petroleum —Standard White 2 9 lc. 4 Flour, extra state, ss.oc. to $5.60c. Corn, old mixed, sl.4c. PORTLAND, Feb. 21. The Allan steamship Peruvian arrived out yesterday. To morrow, being Washington's birthday, will be a general holiday throughout the United States. ITALY. ROME, Feb. 19. M. Friederick, the theological adviser of Car dinal Hohenlohe, has been accused of sending letters to the A ugsburg Gazette, and has received orders to leave Roane this evening. The rumour that the Council will shortly be adjourned is confirmed. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. PLymounT, Feb. 22. The Union Company's steamer Cambria arrived here this morning. Her dates are Cape Town, 21st January; St. Helena, 29th; and Madeira, 15th inst. She brings 12 passengers and 22 sacks of mails. Business at the Cape was dull. Freights one halfpenny for wool in the grease, three farthings for unwashed wool, and seven-eighths of a penny for snow white wool. Rates are expected to rise. A terrific cyclone had occurred in the Southern Ocean on the 17th of December last. It is re perted that the Cape Parliament would meet on the 25th January. The Governor, Sir Philip Wodehouse, was expected to leave in April. A diocesan synod has been held, but no appoint ment was yet made to the Bishopric of the Free State. The Saxon arrived at the Cape on the 12th o: January. Hopes were entertained that the Home Govern ment would reconsider the withdrawal of troops. The Basutos had all left the conquered territory. News from Natal to Jan. 6 state that the steamship Bismarck had arrived out. A war between the frontier and the native tribes was imminent. The Cambrian's mails were forwarded at 10.45 a.m., and she proceeded for Southampton. AFRICAN MAIL. LIVERPOOL, Feb. 22. The West African Mail steamer 'Norway arrive 4 here to-day. She brings two boxes of specie and `our passengers. The health at all the places on the West Coast was exceedingly good. Trade at all parts dull. The war amongst the natives stops commerce, particularly at Lagos, Brass, and Whydah. The South Coast news was unfavourable. The war between the Bonny Chiefs continued. The draft of water in the Lagos bar was nine 3t. The channel was bad, and dangerous crossing. COURSE OF EXCHANGE. Amsterdam Short ... 11 184 11 18i Ms 12 .., 12 ly Rotterdam l2 f ... 12 1+ Autweri, Brussels 25 ... 25 421 23 37i ... 23 421 13 10 ... 13 101 Short ... '25 15 urg LI Ditto - 3 m s . ... 2i 321 ... .6 25 Mars, ... 25 35 Frankfort-on-ttie-Main Vienna Trieste Petersburg Ocponhagun.. Berlin Madrid.. eadi7 Leghorn Milan 25 37i 2" ' Genoa Naples 1201 1.204 ... 12 6u 12 72} •.. 12 60 12 72i ..•28 ... 28 1 9 25 9 23 6 261. G 271 .. 481 481 2 2 6 6 49 3 3 7 7 t . 2 2 6 6 49 4 9 14 . 21 i‘ l' i tt e i s e s r i nz .................... Lisbon .. Oporto ..., ZG .. 26 371 26 42i ... 26, 371 26 42 - ... 37/ 26 421 - n 371 26 421 - 52), - ... 52 52} THE FRENCH FUNDS. According to Reuter's telegram from Paris, this afternoon, the French Rentes are 73f. 70c. rather firm. ENGLAND'S TRUE POLICY. (From the Anglo-American Times.) The Minister for the Colonies, in his reply to the Earl of CARNARVON, upheld the plan of fede rating the British North American Possessions into a gieat nation, and although be denied that there was any present prospect of the new Dominion ask ing for a severance of the British connection, assert. ing the strong loyalty of the inhabitants, yet, from the tone of the deb a t e , th e genera l b e li e f i s ev id e nt that Canada may soo n assume an i n d epen d e nt position. Lord LYVEDEN only hoped, that if it did i go, the parting would b e as f r i en d s an d a lli es , an d not, as with the United States, as enemies. What interest has Great Britain in baulking, if possible, the laudable aspiration of the United States, to federate into one Republic the country from the Rio Grande up to the North-West Passage ? Supposing that the connection between the new Dominion and the British Crown be severed, what greater interest will England have in that portion of the North American continent, than in the neighbouring Union ? There can be but one answer, which is, that in the former Eng land has a friend, in the latter a probable foe. No one will dispute that the whole of anything desirable, is better than a part. Then why should England try to retain the friendship of what, ill comparison, is a paltry section, when we assert that the warm alliance of the whole can be achieved if she has only the " pluck" and the wisdom to adopt the proper course ? Unquestionably there is a deep-seated jealousy and fear of the United States implanted in the English mind. ROEBUCK'S fare well legacy, " Beware of America," was a use less donation to a nation alreadyburdeued with such Stock. We do not deny that England has cause for this alarm when she puts faith in the bun combe of Young JONATHAN. No doubt that typ'eal personage is fond of mounting his spread-eagle, and soaring into the clouds, whence he gets a hazy view of the British lion, on whom he pours out the words of indignation. But JONATHAN has been rapidly growing older of late, and is beginning to discover that in indulging in these flights he has really been supplying his enemies with the shafts of ridicule. The native American element has no such hostile feeling against Great Britain as Great Britain has against the United States. It has had, indeed, a chronic indignation ; a perpetual grievance, till it has grown to consider a grievance against Great Britain to be a part of the American atmosphere. Notwithstanding, there is a genuine veneration and respect for England, which might easily be nursed into real kinship and alliance, and the way is sufficiently c'ear. If Canada can establish the new Dominion, and form an independent nation, let it do so ; but not aided by England in an unfriendly spirit towards the United States. England has no direct interest in the matter ; and, as a questiota inti mately concerning the future well-being of the inha bitants of the continent, it is notright that sheshould • interfere, to give, perhaps, a bias in a wrong direc tion, which may ultimately lead to most disastrous Consequences. If England does interfere, it should Le in promoting annexation to the Union instead of en deavouring to divide the continent, bscause therein lies her wisest course. She will never be quit of her false connection with the Dominion till the Domi nion is thus absorbed, when the political severance from North America will be as complete,- as it is desirable it should be. From that connection the good is imaginary, the evil real, and the danger threatening. But when the political connection is thus severed, the relations between the kindred people of the North American continent and of the British Isles will enter on a new phase. No possible ground of quarrel could arise; even did a large sec tion remain hostile, but the whole Republic would assume a changed position towards Great Britain. Now, there is a Union made up of States, which hand down traditions of England's oppression and violence. In reality the States which experienced the injustice are but a small section of the Repub lic; others have been acquired and settled, large enough to swamp these, extending from the Alle ghenies to the Pacific, while to those great States will then be added a territory exceeding in extent the area of the Republic. With wholly different traditions the new Provinces will enter, and the effect must be felt from the Executive Mansion down to the school of the village " =rm." In deed it is in these schools where the influence will be most potent ; for if American history has hitherto consisted of a record of British injustice, the sequel will then be given in a great and generous atone ment, as the termination of the political connection of England with the Continent. If the Thirteen Colonies had a tale of misgovernment to tell, a Dominion larger and more populous than they were, will have a longer story of an enlightened and libe ral policy, and the Dominion will enter the States fo cast its voice decisively in favour of the most amicable relations between the mother country and its great offspring. We would put it to Lord GRAN VILLE or to Lord CARNARVON if there be not truth in these remarks--if they do not indicate the best solu tion of all North American difficulties. Yet no Peer hinted at such apolicy, and they very wisely refrained if perceived— for the nation is not yet ripe for it. Still the vision, even in that House, is not wholly lost of a federation of the English-speaking people-- that sort of federation which works smoothly and flexibly, as the great aims of the different sections are identical, and their interests not diverse. Sup posing it to be recognized that Great Britain, her colonies, and the Union are to have in com mon a well-defined foreign policy, approved by each and all, and that their intercourse is regu lated by an international code accepted in a ge neral consultation, would it not be for the Bri tish interest, as well as of all the English-speaking people, that the North American Continent, from the Rio Grande northward, should be one, not two nations? We believe that, if these desirable ends could be achieved of broadly harmonising a foreign policy and regulating intercourse by an improved international code, while England fully trusted in the fidelity with which the covenants would be ob served, there only could be but one opinion as re gards this Union. Then, would it not be wiser to cease to allude to this Confederation as a dream, and to take hold of it as a policy, not merely for dis cussion, but for action ? There is, however, we re gret to sayjone huge barrier in the way, in England's pride. If North America be federated into one Union, the centre of the world's power must gravi tate there, and England will see the seat of Anglo- Saxon dominion established across the Atlantic. We grant that this is not a pleasant prospect for the proud old country, but it is inevitable, and ought to be so recognized, and not permitted to interfere with the policy which promises most advantages. INTERNATIONAL COINAGE.--We have received a paper signed by Leonard Bruton, secretary to the Bristol Chamber of Commerce, giving notice of a resolution to be proposed by that body at the annual meeting of the Asso ciated Chambers of Commerce, to be held next Tuesday at the Westminster Palace Hotel, approving the following decision of the Royal Commissioners, as reported July 25, 1868 :—" Upon full consideration of all the circumstances, we do not recommend that this country should merely adopt a gold coin of the value of 25 francs to be substituted for the sovereign. The reduction of the value of a pound would disturb all existing obligations, and would cause the many and serious difficulties which we have stated in the earlier part of this report, whilst if at any future time a more complete assimilation of coins should be determined upon, a further change would be required, in many re spects more difficult of application." The change alluded to was to reduce the English sovereign from 113 to 112 grains of fine gold, equal to twopence in the pound, or one per cent. The Bristol Chamber also approves the recom mendation of the Commission, that the further consi deration of the question of a uniform international system of money and accounts should be remitted to a general In ternational Congress. The paper before us controverts the statements made in the report of the sub-committee of the Associated Chambers on these grounds : —l. rlo report of the Itoyal Commission of 1868 is ignored, although e manating from persons peculiarly qualified to frame ono. 2. The countries which have formed the monetary union acted in as much accord with their own interest as if England, Ireland, and Scotland invited the world to adopt their monetary system. 3. The United States are shown not to exhibit the strong disposition to join the mone tary union asserted by the sub-committee, nor Canada, nor China, nor the Papal States, though all are claimed. 4. The assumed advantages are either fallacious, or weighed down by the disadvantages, or greatly exaggerated. The subject is of deep interest, and although we are not biassed in favour of any particular scheme, we strenuously advo cate whatever tends to uniformity, as simplifying mercan tile transactions, and making the advance necessary on this point to bring up a lagging interest into the line With the onward march of civilization. rmf}rt.' I I dittc Cent 5 pe lias 84 2 Vic( 1 3ra ban Port a ri s beb Ven are Am( Subi Cab 14k terd Z,54 . takc and rho and the