The Sun. — London, England, 1841-01-13 00:00:00

...--0 0 10 480 le* Nir. RNENI NG ED t I ONT. Grill:RAl. POST-OFFICE, JAs. 7, IS4O. tC • , ts ,.1 • Civm that her Majesty's TE~ U Atstina.ter-General will he re a dy t o RECEIVE ,i,LNDET,S, on or b e f ore th e 28th day of January flu x% at } . 0 % 1 ‘1 o'Clock. for RUNNING a MAIL COA . CH with EXE ' 4l - HORSES b tween LONDON (via YEOVIL) and ! . Elt. e ,:lhe Conditions may be seen on application at tiv Post-offices Awry, Yeovil, and Exeter, or at the Office of the Sur raid Superintendent of ]flail Coaches in London. I h n :74 Yeovil) and Exeter - Mail Coach," scaled up and addressed her Majesty's PostmaAer-General. By Command, W. L. MAI3ERLEY, Secretary. r'ilE GENERAL STEAM NAVIGA s,r-, ON COMP are appointed to sail for— ,..•..L'INBURGII, from nrunswick-wharf, Blackwall, every „ 4 _t,°r l tayand alternate Weiviesalay, at Ten. The LEITH To -44ots and th e MON A R C H Saturday Ni g h t. flt ',! 2 .1V CA S TLE, from 1 3owne's- wharf, every Saturday Night, The A TTW'JOD next Saturday. p r sUN DERLAND, from Downes's-wharf. The TOURIST, 41 3'. Jan. IS, and" at Seven Evening. eq ,y from Lond on -b r id ge - w harf, the RAMONA, 3 Sati - tin Freurn. , -"t Sit s ofttte .eenre berths, and for ail information, apply at the Offices Companv, C 9, Lombard-street ; 37, Regent-circus; and Le adenhall-Istreet. h mall Packages and Parcels are received at. the Offices, and goods at the 4espeetive Wharfs. NI,NSULA-R apd ORIENTAL STEAM Nr.l% IGA.TPiN COMPANY, for establishing Steam of Inc ,th British India, ; under Royal Charter granted November, IMO. Capital One Mil aa7:;:n t2°, ° ( -?°. 4ares of st)/. each, with authority, under the utt o f t on Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Trea hil t° in err:ase it to 1,500,0001. 'Arth ur DIRECTORS. a Anderson, E sq . iC ap t. S amue l Th orn t on, R . N . Sir 'Bourne, Esq. Robert Thurburn, *p r _ An Ca m pb e ll , K . C . IL *B ro di e M.Ghi e Wi llcox, Esq. Jev Atis Carleton, l'sq 'Charles Wye Williams, Esq. 1 H Ewart, s ' Es4. l'eter John Do Zulueta, Esq. 4 ‘..artley, Eq. la Power to add to their untiier, and elect a Chairman and Depoty Chairman. The Managirig Directors. Au bn ., n, The Won: J. T. Leslie Melv;lle. 3 {Jameson Hunter, Esq. - " 3- -Messrs. Williams, Deacon, Labouchere, and Co. Sott r rtnixn COUNSEL—H. Bellenden Ker, Esq. 1. B. 1)e Mole, Esq., Merchant Tailors' Hall ; J. A. INl‘Lcod, Esq , Billiter..street. SECRETA ity—Mr. James Allan. t ur ,_ ,Jireetors have the sat isfaction to announce to the Proprie c4) and the publk, that the Charter •f Incorporation for the biI:P a HY, which, among other advantarres, limits the responsi slri Slytrehelders to the amount their respective sub iti°,l,l has received the Royal Assent. • PPileants for Share; are informed that the First Issue at Par 11 % .„ta vi r 4 l) • allotted on th e 20th o f J anuary nex t, an d t h at t k e D epos i t I st 1 ; Pr Bhare will be required to be paid on or before the hdend °' l c , bruary, 1841, to entitle Subscribers to receive a Di. (ntt if the profits, which will be declared in May, 1841. •• 141 " further instalment on such Shares will be required for 11,‘,11‘t h 1. f be following vessels, now the property of the Company, q e otr.ployed un d er th e M a il C on t rac t s w ith her Majesty's ° ' h, rornnit, for which services the Company receive annually ORIENTAL :Tens. Horse Power. 1,673 VIREAT) LIVERPOOL ... 1,540 TA GUS • - BRAGANZA 687 - IFERIA ROYAL TAR AIONTROSF 650 ... ...... Insurances have been effected on all these Vessels. 1 6 7 ,his Company has bee!' formed under circumstances peen ti;Y favourabl e f or i nsur i ng i ts success, and the prospects fur e kture are based on the following advantages, viz. :- to l. It is already possessed of property in steam-shipping, &c., tr s. large amount, in aetiee and profitable employment, and the li ss - , ii s ect extension of its operations cannot fail to render the . 17.4' established greatly more productive. . . lay,. '' s Management is under the direction of parties who st a „, - CO mPetent knowledge of all the details connected with of th e o a r potent derived from long practical experience, some 2 ; , ek havit, been eng aged in this branch of busin e ss for --x,een years. ' a 3 fen u ; A u important liranch of the Company's business ari s e s with the p • eo alread , st bli hed trading and passenger intercourse Y t ' 4. , i.t , eninsula. as 0 has the a d vantage of two benef i c i al Ma i l Contracts w i th overnm eni. t i t :.• The li a bi l i ty of Shareholders is limited to the amount of 'ii i r nstes, by reason of the charter of incorporation. isi tt ~' tapetus and form of applicat ion for shares may be oi ii; e u at Company's Office, 51, St. Mary-axe, anti at 44, et:et-street, London ; at the City of Dublin Steam-packet greet, Offices, Liverpool and Dublin; also of the Bankers ti k i i ~ ees, Nitietters of the Company. • By order, JAMES ALLAN, Secretary. Cr ' I tAY'S INN WINE ESTABLISH MENT No. -3 ' 0 HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON. Aft er . 1 % , „,, t en years ' experience, the Proprietors of th e. Gray's A t ~" Ine Establishment nave the satisfaction of knowing tha b__,llberalized spirit of e,nterprise with which they commenced ti:sit.less has accomplished the elejeet they hoped to obtain- . the n i t ,'"setly increasiel confidence and patronage of the . public. e) , s - t ‘ was seen that, while e nlightened principles and improved o "'`'S of business were being extended to almost every branch r f '°4ll!..erce, the WINE and SPIRIT TRADE partook of i l i i e tli s of i tt those suivantages-the one in many instances sl e t",', suiplie4 from small dealers, who frequently, from aeci t - :i:' s,r nee.essitous circumstances, were thrown into the w is e . lielaz,..tifiw, about the slightest elaim to a knowledge of its princi !'weiisine little or no capital, generally the most incom from o ' l l v ' t l at's of the articles they profess to understand ; and, Mid i t - 'nese causes, perfectly unable to protect the interests well • 43 'it of their customers. Thus a wide field was open for ii;)r.,7led eapital and exortion. The I ropr.ieters associated themselves with a gentleman edu 'Niel "" h i s Yonth upwards into a full knowledge and ac- S I _ ante with every department of their business, embarked est!fies eapital, opened direct communications, and ultimately 7 .) il f ea intimate relations with the wine growers and ship fayet,t, l a, ll countries, thereby placing themselves in the most Purti,,me position to take advantage of both the Home and ri te 8') Markets. They have always sole at a fixed and mode iity C r t ° , l "_t, which, together with their increasing desire to gra %ern :"" the tastes and wishes of their friends, has enabled Tynee' Ar'seeed in raising their Establishment to its present 11 . tsrk t , ended, as well as the Duty-pail Stock, embraces every riesibi t Wine, from the most economical up to the highest ,eetio„e \\ inn, Gentlemen who prefer it can make their se lit the - 1,11)1pes, Hogsheads or Quarter-Casks, in the Decks. Pip e ; :""iy-paid Stock there are always from Forty to Fifty Itaii . ",:, Wine off DrOught of which any quantities may be Omen '''.le Bottled Stock eOntains from Five to Six Thousand 'ears . "f Port Wine of the best Vintages, from two to ten .h Ih, ~,L4,.bOtlig! the i i 1 we/tole at the lowest prices consistent with Trei4-13. offered. io s 6 Imes variens and, most curious of the Sherries shipped 'ffer - of Cadiz are to be found in their possession, and Wi it , a . 'loll treat to Vet; Connoisseur in really Pure and Virgin Th e ts tthe r t . ( tt t i rrors, in returning their best thanks to the Public V ie rust w . i • .ntly-inereasing encouragement their exertions t 1 s . 't 1, beg to add, that their Business u nder !, l'eseok niter.tinued since the Ist January, 1834, the ch . - tit o Mr. Kislingbury, the Managing Partner . ; and their l 'rre i , " will stimulate them still further, if possible, to de '3 entire confidence. lIENEKEY, KISLINGBURY, and CO. IitWINES IN WOOD, vludi ng Din y, anti expe se of Delivery in London, 'Oltp , PER QUARTER I CASK. v._ fi'llt„.ll,eoitrg'Pri:orierdlidi3tetoe.eg W ii : e £ls lOs. 17 Os. e.- ultnediate bottling' £l9 10s., and 21 10s. °(l.El tit nary old N'i Ines of h igh character £24 and £26 p a l e ` t Vale, golden, or brown l5 10s. (extellent Dinner Wine) l7 10s. '' r t'erior 01d... ethzetri rdifieraCtycoll7l: i,,,,£21 10s. and 24 Os. .. 26 Os. ll N‘ i r g i lt ee character 27 Os. ~. p B elde n do. (Santa Maria tie Xeres) V,,l,Si, a ',, t ,i,n,di.a, very choice TI ci - ii l -2 the best quality 1, 44 ,A. ...• • .................. l3 Os. * 9 •114 , "erl particular Ns"fsA b 1' sT,s t , best quality.. itly e ,••• ~ ............... . ................. .. £7, £B, and 9 lOs. , AC, 1. eat quality WINES IN BOTTLE. l' Olt'p , , Pe r D ozen, exc l us i ve of Bottles. S'te cot, Wood 9 45. to 30s. rrii, e,ph,riorn old, b est marks ~., su,'",. two years i n b o ttl e 325. to Ms. etvs reri s., five to eiht years in bottle -421. to 48s. s,_ ot ( n riEt ti y r . ee. ten y ears in bottle th e , • , gold colour sr brown 245. to 30s. olit'''ttle, excellent Dinner Wine th e '.wPeri or . any colour .365. to 425. te r : lt remclv pale, dry and high-flavoured... 4-s. 485. to :4s. fa te j ' , lperior choice qualit ies . :olden (Santa Alart de Xeres) 4Bs. ' ,l nontillado, very old 14 ''''rl , superior old East India 60s. b ‘ P.IlIA direct b ' V est India 4 "l"14 India, very old 603. le Set-rill, very old and scarce . . il-)EU fr om ‘ th e' wood ‘ - )8i. lit? n'ti CrUste,./ to 4 y ears in bottle 325. and 365. R C ' i 'l• LAS 1 4 INT() s, slip "• - ...... '•'••• ••• •••• 283. vA ' ri ch I Tr, ~or try 9 55. to 345. Vli)M ELLA, the fi.iest is ON- -sisit t •l A, London particular 14A, .NALA, the hest quality Isq,tv.goti and superior 15s. and 18s. Ai ( ‘C ........ ... lB3. and 21s. t 0 ,•.1 the above Wines in Pints at proportionate prices. 11111!P.IGN AND BRITISH SPIRITS PER GALLON Is"Ni)Y, Genuine Cognac 1.,A Nn24s. and 26s "AIII . ''‘', Finest old Champagne WtbnhlCA RUM l2s. and 14s. I VIIN'',Eit WORN'S DITTO, best marks , , 'EY, Scotch and Irish, various hns-4.,ortetlis .. . uN,LANDs., . ci, . ... ....... •••• • ' 0 65. 6d. and 28s. Ni' B lllttiß .lll 7 „ • 105. 8(1. , 13s. 4d. and 16s. ...„....,:!.-181-1 CAN, various 4ronuthis .Bs., 93. 4d., and 10s. Bd. 11 41" --------- best quali ty '.. .. 12s. 1, I ISII 1111 kl)11 doe'4l.lls. c . i , , "-- ash without discount, bottles charged 2s per 11 1 111„ 1 ; "'Lovers or eases Is. per dozen, stone bottles 61. per , ehich will be allowed if returned. I , , Pi ENEK EY, KISLINGBURY, and CO. tt• 'lice Cu ~..., .....2..f_ .11 1 petit, , containing all the varieties of their i w clei "---------- upon application. - PUBLIC NOTIFICATION. R ESSI tS. SLOAN and CO., Members of 4 p',, 4 iß N th ," Royal con g f Surgeons. 4, ARGYLL-PLACE, CIF kr,-,,.':STREFTe, e a ( n ) d "i IRONMONGER•LA NE, "i'll ' " l) ,E, may beonsulted from Eight . o'Clock in the /kir 0011 1 Ten at Nig ht , on every variety and stage of leseep, with that delicacy d sccresy they have hitherto ob thtts t reatment. „o"l ;an c T rA b etlt . t m i i nirs p ursue will not subject any patient ni t .:' natu re th or hindrance from business. Cases ' of an ex t , s ey eradicate in eight or ten days, or if slight e o r r t/1 -s h ' i I , li ki t wo or three, without the indiscriminate use of w l - I;kerrii at a moderate expense. Generative de bilit y, 4, 4 ree, and Strictures of the Urethra, unhappily so preys sttred e to teeated u 5 i ., 41, i _ pee these unerring principles which have in tilt,tr s..rs. Sloan and Co. Lon arge a share ef P . ubltc . -.la ir fue.rettearlythirty years in don, aud which it will t be Lette',' exer .ion to maintain. :id :, containing an enclosure, will be anrsernd b return 4V ered r : ts ' ho weverdistant, distant, will be corresponded with until Just published, price 2s. 641. APRACTICAL ESSAY on the DEBILI TIES of the GENERATIVE SYSTEM, their Va rieties, Causes, Treatment, and Cure. By a M ENI Mil o(Ihc ROYAL COLLEGE of SUR G EOM.% London, and Surgeon to a Metropolitan Infirmary. " I am impotent, and no' ll to live-."—Last's Records of Suicide. Sold by Ormhyn, Clthetine•street, Strand; Ross and Nightingale, Liverpool ; Barlow, Birmingham ; and all Book sellt:rsin Town and Country N. 13. Persons in the (...ountry may have th:s work forwarded by post. (free), upon addressing either of the above Booksellers, and inclosmg a remittance NEW WORK ON STRICTURES OF THE URETHRA .lust published, price 55.. APRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE CAUSES, NATURE, and TREATMENT of STRICTURES of the URETHRA, and their Consequences; with a Review of the different Modes of Cure, and an account of the Method of Treatment the Author has found the most efficacious. The whole illustrated by cases, some of them the records of thirty-five years' extensive and successful practice. By FRANCIS BURDETT COURTENAY, 42, Great Marlborough -street. Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, London; and late Surgerm to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure of Sti ic tures of the Urethra. Sold by Bailliere, Medical Bookseller, 219, Regent-street; Simpkin and Marshall, Stationers'-court; Onwhyn, Cathe rine -street, Strand ; Barlow, Birmingham ; Ross and Night • ingale, Liverpool ; and all Booksellers in Town or Country. Of whom may also be had, by the same Author, price 65., PRACTICAL ()13 SERVATIONS on the CHRONIC; ENLARGEMENT of the PROSTATE GLAND in OLD AGE ; with Suggestions for an In:pro - fed Mode of Treatment. To which is prefixed, Remarks on the various other Diseases to which the Prostate is liable at all periods of life. )Vilt* at Ili!) Live(' l-rovrt mstl" B a nk' ittbe l Sad' No. I 5,056. M R i p Nr o l L N Y G T S E I d c I J I T N I o G N S at the PANORAMA of the CITY of CANTON, by an eminent Chinese artist, under a magnifying power, displaying the most elaborate finish. The fine Model of the Under Cliff of the Isle of Wight, and the Painted Glass Pictures, after Martin and Denby, have the fall effect of the artificial light in the Even ings, as have the varied experiments, which are beautifully simplified Als), the Chemical Lectures, the Microscope, Diving Bell and Diver, and all the novel Works of Art and Practical Sci ence, many of the latter i❑ motion, and the Band of Music. Admission, I s. PURSUANT to a Decree of the HIGH COURT of CHANCERY, made in a Cause of AN KERS against EVANS, the Creditors of WILLIAM AN KERS, late of the City of Chester, in the County of Chester, SAD-dealer, (who died in the month of November, 1838), are, on or before the lSth day of February next, to come in and preove their debts before Sir GIFuIN Wit,soN, one. of the Mksters of the said Court, at his ChAmbers in Southampton buildings, Chancery lane, London, or in default thereof they will peremptorily be excluded the benefit of said Decree. WALTERS and REEVE, Plaintiff's Solicitors, 36, Basinghall- street. 1111 BB L L NAVIGATION. .Notice is hereby given that the HALF-YEARLY GENERAL 3IEETING of the RIBBLE NAVIGATION CONIPANY will he held at their OtEce, Chapel-walks, in Preston, in the county of Lancaster, on 'Fit elt SDA v, the Twenty-first day of January instant, at Eleven o'Clock in the forenoon. RICHARD PILKINGTON, St - Tretary to the said Company. Preston, Ribble NavigatiOn Office, Jan. 2, 1841. VATIONAL LOAN FUND, LIFE AS SURANCE, and DEFERRED ANNUITY SO. CIE'fY, 26, CORNHILL Capital £500,000. Empowered ler Act of Parliament. DIRECTORS. T. LA !UTE MURRAY, Esq., Chairman. Elliot son, 111. D., F.R. S. John Rawson, Esq. H. Gordon, Esq. I Clement Tabor, Esq. George Lungley. Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq. A UD ITORS—Dr. .(). Gregory, Professor Wheat. F. R. ;. - ACTUA RY—W. S. B. Woolhouse, Esq., F. R. A. S. LIFE ASSURANCE. Besides the perfect security to the policy holder of a large paid up capital, and accumulating funds, with moderate rates of premium, the following is one amongst many of the advan tages which belong exclutirely to the principles of life assu rance anti deferred annuities originated by t.-le Society, viz.— Power to borrow, (without delay, expense, or ;orfeituro) two thirds of all premiums paid upon a policy of assurance. Premium for assuring 1004 Age, I I Age. 2i 1 Ifi fi 33 30 2 4 4 I 40 s. (1. I Age. £ s. d. 2 10 11 1 I 45 3 9 4 218 8 1 50 4 4 DEFERRED ANNUITIES DEPARTMENT. By the plan exclusively developed by the Sisciety, a single deferred annuity is made, net only to answer the same object, but to equal in amount the entire sun of all the advantages heretofore only obtained by the middle and industrious classes by separate investments in Savings' Banks, Benefit Societies, and Loan Banks. 1. A small yearly or weekly contribution will secure the most ample return for after life; thus-21. 12s. per annum (Is. a week) at 20 will at 65 give the policy holder the choice of an annuity for life of 471. his. 6d.: 394 i. I Is, in cash; or policy without further contributions of 4661. at death. 2. Two-thirds at any time lent on deposit of policy, being a Lund always available during sickness or want of employment. 3. Two-thirds of all payments returned to representatives in case of premature death. The report to the Annual General Meeting of Proprietors, pr)spectuses, tables, &c., may be oletained at the office of the Society, by letter or otherwise, 26, Cornhill, London, or at any of its Branches throughout the country. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Sec PUBLICATION S. Now Ready, to be had at all the Libraries, and of all Book sellers in the kingdom. LONGBEAR D, LORD OF LONDON, A ROMANCE. By CHARLES MACKAY, Esq. Author of " The Thames and its Tributaries," " The Hope of the World," &c. Edward Bull, Publisher, 19, Holies-street, Cavendish-square. This day is published, B RITISH AND FOREIGN REVIEW, NO. XXII. I. Poland—he , . National Dynasty. 2. Hallam's Introduction to the Literature of Europe. 3. The Educatioa Question—Special Religious Instruction. 4. Prussia—her Manufacturing Prospects. 5. The Odes of Pindar. 6. The Court and Government of Russia. 7. historical Publications of Italy. 8. The Porte and the Pacha—Foreign Policy of England. London ; It. and J. E. Taylor, Red Lion -court, Fleet street. RICHLY ILLUSTRATED WORKS COMPLETE, Published by CHARLES KNIGHT and CO. PICTORIAL BIBLE, i n Thr ee V o - X lames, imperial Bvo., hound in cloth. price Three Pounds. 2. The PICTORIAL BIBLE, in Four Volumes, 4t0., price Four Guineas and a Half. 3. The ILLUSTRAI El) COMMENTARY on the OLD and NEW TESTAMENTS, in Five Volumes, post Bvo., price 11. 17s. 61 4. The HISTORY of PALESTINE, in Two Volumes, super-royal Bvo. ; one containing the GENERAL HISTORY from the Age of the Patriarchs to the Fall of Jerusalem ; the other the PHYSICAL HISTORY. Price 2/. 10s. cloth. 5. The ILLUMINATED ATLAS of SCRIPTURE GEOGRAPHY, with Explanatory Notices and an Index. drawn by W. HUGHES, under the direction of the Editor of the Pictorial Bible. Price Half-a-Guinea. 6. THE PICTORIAL EDITION OF THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER. With Notes and an Introduc- lion, by the Her. 11. STEI3I3ING. ALA. In royal tyro. Price, bound in sloth and lettered, 11. Ils. lid.: in calf, with gilt edges, 21. ; and in neat morocco or russia, 2/. 2s. 7. THE TALES OF A THOUSAND AND ONE NIGHTS, commonly :called The Arabian Nights' Enter. tainmcnts. Newly translated by E. W. LANE, with Notes, &c. In Three Volumes, royal BYo. Price Four Guineas. 8. THE PICTORIAL. HISTORY OF ENGLAND, to the end of the Reign of George 11. By G. L. CRAIK C. MACFARLANE. In Four Volumes, surer-royal Bvu. Price Four Guineas and a Half. 9. Till; PENNY MAGAZINE. In Nine Volumes, completing the First Series. Price 3/. 6s. LIBRARY FOR THE YOUNG. 1. PICTURES and DESCRIPTIONS of REMARK ABLE EVENTS in the HISTORY of ENGLAND, from the Invasion of the Romans to George IV. Illustrated with 126 Woodcuts. In 2 vols. Price lOs. 2. HISTORICAL SKETCHES of SPAIN and POR TUGAL. With 14 Woodcuts. Price ss. 3 UNCLE OLIVER'S TRAVELS in PERSIA. With 24 Woodcuts. 2 vols. Price is. 6d., 4. The OLD SPORTS of ENGLAND. With many Woodcuts. Price 2s. 6d. 5. The ELDER BROTHER. By Mrs. BARWELL. With Woodcuts. Price 2s. 6. CHIVALRY and CHARITY, exempliGed in the Lives of Da Gueselin and John Howard. Price 24. 7. The FIELD, the GARDEN, and the WOODLAND. With nun erous Woodcuts. Price 4s. 8. FLOWERS and their ASSOCIATIONS. With Co lured Eates. Price (3s. BOOKS FOR EARLY INSTRUCTION. I. ARITHMETIC for YOUNG CHILDREN, being a series of Exercises exemplifying the Manner in which Arith metic should be taught to Young Children. Price Is. 6d. EXERCISES for the IMPROVEMENT of the SENSES, for YOUNG CHILDREN. Price Is. 6d. 3. DRAWING for YOUNG CHILDREN. With Draw ing Copies,•nrinted on separate leaves. Price 3s. 6d. The DRAWING COPIES are also printed on Cards, and sold with the Exercises, in a case. Price 7s. 6d. 4. FIRST EXERCISES for CHILDREN, in LIGHT, SHADE, and COLOUR, with numerous Illuttratior.s ; being a Supplement to " Drawing for Young Children." Price 4s. Charles Knight and Co., 22, Ludgate -street. POPULAR EDITION, Price Half-a•crown, by post 3s. tid. 101 . Alt RIAGE—Its Intent, Obligations, and _21.1 Physical and Constitutional Disqualifications Medically considered; with interesting and remarkable Illustrations, gra, chic, narrative, and remedial : an original, comprehensive, and insportant Work, addressed elsielly t• Young Men, and ealled PROFESSIONAL RECORDS. Also, Companion to the same, called MEDICAL CON SULTATIONS. Price 2.5. 6d. Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street ; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Harris, 25, Bow-skeet ; and all Booksellers. t , .; ,, r1 f i / /././ . ~. , '.-- 7' - , / . (7 - . *;::: ~., ~ .t , ‘c t . \:: ..„. . • - ~,,, *, 0. , A s. , . ..,VV-. • * '' Iti "" .......,,, AP) ,? ;1 4 1 ' " - r N P . :1 4 ' Atli, I 1 ..1,,,,..-..1. '-',-;. „:•.. .v___ .; _ p , i c .........:,- ~ v . „.: r ,.,......1i.„,:. ,_.. r wrriiir4ok )---4..-z„-itr-,-.-,?-,-1,\7: ~' ,',..'...,,..4,...' ~., ~..,,,, '1',,,. ; :••-•---...„.._' , i ~. 1 1 4 24•& , _ kc.rc. .. 1. •'; \ :-. ; -4 , 4" 7c 7 .., 7 . , ;5'i•41- 1 :‘,9..% ,-..)\ I t--- ' ' ./. 17 ::) ......,- ~ tom'' ---..-N , : 2 ,, .. , ..1 1) , * e --. _ff >e ..„,, _......,,,,,........ / .., .....f, ...... ,„.,_. .,r _.......‹...4 ---.., ..i # ..,. c. N.. • ' • , 0 .1 !,4 1- ..-. - - -, • I -,- - I . ~... 1 ) 11 `;'' I .' j '7 _. -. , ‘,., ~, • '.. 1.r. , f a ' , -- c -- ) ,/ /. ... 40 ../ fr•tf.l,- -: cll 4lk i l 1 7,z.,..........p • -'-' i ..) ' ''' WIIVQ1)1 I ('N4 -`--1/4{11)0111 ' ' "- Y r 1 01 . T '' . ' (-- . ///M4,4 ) , 1) 1 ' c;lv- 70.-.; - . !.• ).;./. PRICE 5:1. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. (TUESDAYEITISNING.) CIIRONICLE.--The President's Message was the chief subject of attention this morning, but the interest in it was not sustained. It is, in fact, looked upon as a dying eulogy, by Mr. Van Buren, on his own official existence, founded on his having carried on the affairs of the Union, since the year 18:.17, in the midst of much commercial dis tress and suspension of specie payments, without having had recourse to a national debt or a national bank. The Sub-Treasury Bill, of course, forms the principal subjsct of self-praise ; and, as he leaves the public Treasury with only $BOO 000 in its coffers against 4,000,000 of Treasury Bills in circulation, he very gravely assures Congress that " an overflowing Treasury; however it may be regarded as an evidence of public prosperity, is seldom conducive to the permanent welfare of the people." This is similar to the well-fed, purse proud parsons in this country telling us that no rich man can cuter the king dom of Heaven ; which may be all very true, hut few people, nevertheless, seem to prefer poverty when they have an opportunity of filling their pockets; in the same way, we suspect, this doctrine of Mr. Van Buren will find few admirers amongst the citizens of the United States. An empty treasury always brings along with it-vogue no tions that means must be, adopted_ to supply the deficiency, and certain disagreeable associations of new taxes force themselves upon the people's mind under such ciroli7t stances, which by no means add to the comfort of their fireside contemplations. Measures have been adopted very promptly indeed by Mr. Clay to show that be has no bellef in the blessings of the sub-treasury scheme and empty coffers, for he has already given notice in the Senate of his intention to introduce a bill for its immediate repeal. Mr. Van Buren, however, meets all such hostile demon strations towards his oflicial policy zis the emanations of po litical excitement, which have misled the people for a time, but which will not long maintain their decep tive influence. After briefly retracing the chief measures of his Government, from which he maintains that much benefit has been conferred upon the people of America, he consoles himself with the expectation tialt they most, in the long run, receive the reward due to merit ; that they " will receive the final sanction of a people whose un biassed and fairly elicited judgment upon public affairs ig never ultimately wrong." Mr. Van Buren assumes, as the ground of his enmity to the establishment of a national bank, that it has been " repudiated by the framers of the constitution as incompatible with the rights of the SLates and the liberties of the people." There is a party in the United States who ate opposed to a national bank, upon the ground that the power to establish it was not conferred upon the Federal Government by the Constitution ; and it is acknowledged that every power not abso• lutely conveyed by that instrument to the g°T., e ; fi rat Government was reserved by the lem b e elie T e : the people. But the Harrison take a different view of the question, constitution, " the right to coin money, slid to to regulate because, by the the value thereof" is specially conveyedtot i be Federal Go vernment; and they construe this to be a canveyance of the power necessary to use the proper instrument for re. gulating the money which they arc be given to the Go authorised to coin. They say, for instance, that if po wer vernment to maintain a navy , it necessarily co act , the right to build ships ; and so th e ri g ht to co in money neees. sarily conveys the right to construt the machine, and use the means requisite to giveit circulation and vitality. They recognise no difference between the right to coin money and issue paper currency ; specie, an d convertible paper issued as its representative, they look upon as one and the same thing, and that the greater paver conferred necessarily includes the less. The Van Buren party apply a much narrower meaning to the words used, and deny that, in the strict and literal sense, they I ale sufficient to carry out the right of founding a national bank of j „ 00 . Mr. Van Buren states also that the framers of the Constitution held the:same opinions. Some of them, perhaps, may have done so ; but others, and, we should say, the majority of them, did not; for many of them, we hoar, took part in the debates which preceded, and supported the former charter granted to the Bank of the United States, under which it existed for years as a national id- the conclusion that the class of people of whom the to:vns had got these specimens, were no very desirable representatives for the nation. Thus the operation of the Municipal Reform has materially aided the restc ration of the popular mind " to its sound and pristine health ;" and the experience of Liberal power wall be for many a year the safe guarantee of Conservative prin ciples. r t is not, indeed, to be taken for granted that every burgess who has voted for a Conservative Town_ Councillor will also, if he happen to be a Parliamen tary elector, record his vole for a Conservative Member. The ties of private connexion and the respect for pri• vale character may not infrequently influence a Liberal, as he calls himself, to vote for Conservative Town- Councillors. He excuses himself to his brother Radi cals by pleading that the town elections are net political bet local affairs, and that his duty is to do the best for the town. But, though for these reasons you must beware of calculating upon the universal assistance of your corporate constituents in your Parliamentary elec tions, yet this great and clear advantage you derive from your municipal victories, that they create an opi nion of the moral strength of the Conservatives, and show the Liberals to be in a disunited, undisciplined, and uncreditable state. This appearance of affairs not only encourages your friends and disheartens your enemies, hut operates in a very practical way upon your canvassing -book, by bringing the wavcrers to your side. The Conservatives, therefore, bid fair to meet the next general election (and it probably will not be a very distant one), with all the appliances that can secure success—with good majorities solemnly pledged in their favour—with the popular opinion, not only of the Pakliamentary electors, but of the burgesses, loud in their cause—and with all the contingent advantages appurtenant to the p irty which possesses the supe riority both of the numhers and of the ground. ( From the Morning <-Idveriiscr.) That we are ngeielly, if we may use the expression, the special organ of the Licensed Victuallers, whether in the metropolis or in the provinces, is a fact which we have no wish to conceal, although we are aware that it militates to a certain extent, against the force of our arguments when any claim on their part comes under our consideraCon, or any case of oppression dc• minds our attention. A weaker advocate, less skilled in the duties which they oxe to the public, and the rights which they arc entitled to enjoy in common with their fellow,ubj , :cts, would be more succesdul in the cause of justice, became less suspected of partiality or prejudice ; still there is no reason why we should not lift up our humble voice In vindication of the rights and privileges of men who, in later times, have been the sport of legislation, and the victims of magisterial as well as Parliamentary caprice. Placed, with regard to other classes of society, in a position which enables them to exercise great influence upon the minds and morals of the communities among which they may happen to reside—possessing, as they do, a large stake in the welfare of the country, and characterised by uni form sentiments of loyalty and obedience to the laws of their country, it would be prima facie inferred that un der such circumstances the Licensed Victuallers would have formed special objects of protection and encourage ment with any sane Government under which they lived ; but what is the case? For the last twelve years they have been the objects of persecution, and the victims of legalized plunder—encroachment upon their trade has followed upon encroachment—enactment upon enact ment—imposition upon imposition —tax upon tax—and oppression upon oppression, until not only has the trade been ruined in all its best and most useful fete ures, by which it was wont to be recognized, but the Licensed Victualler is not even nosy master, as every Englishman by law is, of his own house. If our readers think that we are guilty of exaggeration in making this statement, let their' remember how many cases of infraction of the law have been attempted to be established against the trade, simply because the sounds of a piano or some other musical instrument were heard within their do miciles ; and, above all, let them look into the Case mentioned in our paper of Monday, and decided at Union Hall police-oce, in which, if the report be correct, no Licensed Victualler shall in future allow his private friends to enjoy his society and their own after the legal hour of the night, on pain of being fined, either for disorderly conduct or the non-observance of legitimate hours. In the last case, as well as in the former, the police were the instruments, and the inter ested instruments. Two of them swore that they heard " several persons singing ' Ilurrah for the Road,' " but without adducing any instance of riot,disorder, or absence of respectability on the part of the vocalists ; and three of the very persons who were thus innocently amusing themselves in a friend's house and at a friend's expense, in a jovial song, swore with equal clearness, and assu redly without any interest or prejudice, that " the per sons in the house were ell relatives of the defendant." Under such eircumatences, but more especially under the doubt expressed by the presiding Magistrate, of the actual intentions of the Legislature as to the ap plication of the Act to beer-sellers or to Licensed Vic tuallers, the clear course to be pursued was to have dismissed the case ; but no : the Magistrate gave more credit to the evidence of the police interested in a con viction than to the evidence of three disinterested per sons, and finally fined ehe defendant in the sum of 40s. for having dared to entertain a few friends in his house We entertain every respect for Mr. Traill, the Magistrate who presided in the above case, as an upright judge ; but if the instance referred to be properly re ported, there never was a grosser departure from the principles of law and justice. The law says nothing upon the subject, and justice and common sense declare that the Legislature never could have contemplated such an infringement of the rights of private individuals, as that of preventing them from enjoying the society of their friends and relatives at any time and at any hour that they might deem proper. To imagine such to have been its intention would be to suppose that it had re solved to make Pariahs of publicans, and outcatts from society of all who desired to furnish it with comfort or convenience. LONDON, W EDNES DAY, JANrUARY 1:3, 1641. PUBLICATIONS. CUVIER'S ANIMAL KINGDOM. In Sixteen Volumes, with 814 Engravings. Translated by E. Gli IFFIT 1-1, F. S. A. , and Others. The small remaining stock reduced to the following pri CeS : Demv Sea formerly £26 8 cloth, now 12 guineas. Royal Bvo., coloured Demy 4to, India pi oof „ 52 16 „ ... „ 24 pounds. See Prospectus at the end of the Edinburgh Review , and the other periodicals. ... . Whittaker and Co., Are Maria-kne, London. To he bad of any Booloeller I.y order. On Monday, Feb. 1 18.11, will be published, price ss. (to be completed in Ten. or not exceeding Twelve parts) Part I. of A I)ICTVINARY OF CIENCE, LITERATURE, and ART, J comprising' the History, Description, and Scientific Principles of every branch of Human Knowledge ; with the Derivation and toefinkt;on of all tho terms in general use. Illustrated by Engravings on Wood. General Editor. W. T. Bit ANDE, F.R.S.L. and E. ; aysistcd by JOSEPH CAU VIN, CONTRIBUTORS IN THEIR SEVERAL DE►ARTMENTS. W. 'l'. Brande, F.R.S. J. C. Loudon, ELS., &c. J. Caurin, Esq. H. Merivale, A.M. T. Galloway, F.R.S., &c. Rev. C. Merivale, A.M. J.( ;wilt, F. R. A. S. E. S. A ~&c. J. 11. APCulloch, Esq. J. Lindley, Ph. D.,F.R.S ,&c.IR. Owen, F.R.S., 4 , 4 ,* The Prospectus may be had of all Booksellers. London : Longman, Orme, and Co. NEW WORK BY CIIANNING. Published this day, price 11 ANCIPATION. By \V. E. CHANNING, D.D. With REMARKS on the LETTERS to HENRY CLAY. By J. J. GURNEY, Esq. Charles Fox, Paternoster-row. R. >LINGAIiII'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. The New Edition of this Work is just completed, in Th'r teen Vol;. foolscap, with Embellishnients, and numerous Addi tions and Corrections. Price 31. London : Baldwin and Cradock, 47, Paternoster-row. Where also, recubtly published, Dr. SOUTHEY'S Edition of the LIFE and WORKS of COWI'ER ; with numerous Plates, 1. Vols. foolscap. Price 31. 15s. Just published, the Seventh Edition, Revised by the Author, price 7s. 6d. in cloth. ir _EIMRS to a FRIEND, on the EVI DENCES, DOCTRINES, and DUTIES of the CHRISTIAN RELIGION. By OLINTIIUS GREGORY, LL.D., &c. Baldwin and Cradock, 47, Paternoster-row. Also, MORNING COMMUNIONS with GOD ; or, De votional Meditations for Every Day in the Year. Translated from the Original German of CHRISTOPHER CHRIS TIAN STURM, Author of " Reflections," &c. By WIL LIAM JOHNSTONE, A.M. The Fourth Edition. In a handsome pocket volume, price Bs. in cloth. The Ninth Edition, with nam i rrons Cuts, rice is. 6d. half.bd. THE SWISS FAMILY ROBINSON; or, Adventures of a Father and Mother and Four Sons on a Desert Baldwin and Cradock, 47, Paternoster-row. Also, 1. TALES from SHAK -PEARE. By Mr. and Miss LAMB. A New Edition, nith 22 fine Cuts, 7s. 61 2. A DESCRIPTION of more than THREE HUNDRED ANIMALS, with tine Cnts, 12mo. Enlarged Edition. 3. The LIFE and SURPRISING ADVENTURES of ROBINSON CRUSOE, with 46 Engravings, price 6s. 6d. in cloth. 4. KEEPER'S TRAVELS in SEARCH of his MASTER. 14th Edition. 12m0., 6s. 5. STORIES from the HISTORY of ITALY. By ANNE MANNING. 12m0., 7s. 6d. The Sercnteenth Edition, price 3s. half-bound. IpOEMS O.N VARIOUS SUBJECTS. Se..;ected to Enforce the Practice of Virtue and to com prise in One Volume the Beauties of English Poetry. By E. TOM KINS. Baldwin and Cradock, 47, Paternoster-row. Also, The SCHOOL ANTHOLOGY; or, Selections for Reading and Recitation in Prose and Verse. By JAMES HEWS BRANSBY. Second Edition, considerably aug mented, with many new pieces. 12m0., price 53. bound. COWPER'S WORKS AND LIFE, BY SOUTHEY. In Fifteen Vols. foolscap, elegantly printed by Whittingham, with numerous Engravings from Designs by Harvey, and Portraits executed by the first Artists, price 31. Iss. THE LIFE AND WORKS OF WILLIAM COWPER, Esq. By ROBERT SOUTHEY, Esq. LL.D., Poet Laureate. This is the only Complete Edition of Cowper that has ever appeared, and includes the translations of Homer. Baldwin and Cradock, Paternoster•-row. --- SIGHT AND HEARING. 39, ALBENIARLE-STREET, PICCADILLY, (Opposite the York Hotel), and 76, KING WILLIAM-STREET, BANK OF ENGLAND. rliflE INVISIBLE OPERATIVE VOICE CONDUCTOR, effected by the Messrs. S. and 13. SOLOMON S, OPTICIANS and AURISTSto the ROYAL FAMILY, 39, ALI3EAIARLE-STREET, PICCADILLY, by which thousands of deaf persons have been greatly bene fited, is the size 4,1 a seven-shilling piece, and when fixed into the cavity of the ear is soft and easy, and not more perceptible than having a piece of wool in its place, by which the faintest whisper at a public assembly is heard with distinctness. And defective VISION is brought to nature by toe use of newly invented SPECTACLE LENSES; immediately they are placed before weak and imperfect eye-sight, either by day or candle light, every object becomes clear and distinct, and the most minute particle is seen a it h great distinctness ; by the use of which both the sight and hearing become much unproved. The Messrs. S. and B. SOLOMONS disclaim all con nexieu with persons of the same name, and the sale of am ber spectacles ; the pernicious use of amber spectacles being now well kn,uvn to the public, anti tine vendor being aware of it, he has therefore altered their name, by leaving eut the word " Amber,' and calling them Patent Spectacles." Those which he terms " Patent Spectacles" are no other than those of amber ; the history and destructive use of that mate rial for Spectacles to imperfect vision is fully and most satis factorily explained by the undermentioned scientific authority: Front the " Dictionary of Arts and Sciences" of Andrew Ure, M. 1)., F. R. S., &c., &c. . , " Amber is an indurated vegetakle juice, and not produced by flit., laws of crystallisation, but by the same causes Nshich influence the mechanical condition of gum. Insects are often found embedded in it. Amber is most powerfully electrical lty friction—very hot, to such an extent as to explode into frag ments; the workmen, too, are subject to nervous tremors in their wrists, arms, &c. ; they encounter great danger by handling such dreadful excited eleetries ; amber grows with lime, and is apt to take fire, and is of such a soft nature when exposed to warmth, that it swells, bubbles up, and will burn away with flame. " The above Dr. lire's statements are further confirmed. by Sir D. Brewster and Pliny, as also by Parks and Hems, on Übe mistry. The destructive effects of such a material for specta cles, to imperfect vision, may he ascertained at any respectable Optician's in London. _ _ ^ The Messrs. Solomons' newly invented Spectacle Lenses are not constructed of such a material; but which are very supe rior, and bring back at once dimness of bight and imperfect vision to its •riginal and natural state. These Spectacles, and very small Voice Conductors for deaf persons, are , rly to be had at their establishments, 39, Albemarle-street (opposite the York Hotel), and 76, King William -street, Rank. INFIRMARY for the CURE of STRIC TURES of the URETHRA, SYPHILIS, GONOR RIIIEA, GLEETS, and'all DISEASES of the GENERA TIVE n.ad URINARY ORGANS. Notwithstanding the above Institstit . isclosed, Patients h.i,y continue to receive the GRATUITOUS ADVICE of the Sur geon (Mr. Courtenay, 42, Great Marlborough-street,) by ap plying at his own hcaso instead of the Charity. Hours of Attendance, from Eight to Ten in the Mornings awl from Seven to Nine in the Evenings. On Sundays in the Moraine, hut not in tke Evening.. THE NEW couan MEDICINE!!! HOLLAND'S BALSAM OF SPRUCE, the newly-discovered remedy for COUGHS, COLDS, INFLUENZA, INCIPIENT • ASTHMA, and CON SUMPTION. Medical Science is daily producing new wonders, and among the discoveries which. take place none are more deserving of public approbation than a remedy for those complaints which, in this variable climate, are so productive of fatal consequences to the comfort and lives of the public as Coughs and Colds. This Extraordinary Remedy relieves the raost distressing symptoms in a few hours, and a little perseverance in its use will, in every case, effect a permanent cure. Coughs and Colds, accompanied by a difficulty of breathing, soreness and rawness of tho chest, impeded expectoration, sore throat, and feverish symptoms, will be quickly :übdued, while its use will assuredly prevent consumption from this prolific cause. Holland's Balsam of Spruce gives immediate ease in all Asthmatic cases, and particularly in Hoarseness, Wheezings, and Obstructions of the Chest; while those who have laboured for years under the misery of a confirmed Asthma, hare been enabled by its use to enjoy the blessings of life, and to pursue their avocations with a degree of ease and comfort they had been strangers to for years. Prepared by Charles Holland, and sold by his agent, 'F. Prout, 229, Strand, London ; and by at least one person in every town in the kingdom. Price Is. lid. a Bettie. Sold also by Johnston, 63, Cornhill ; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street. R EPEAL—SIR W. HomAN. —Sir William Jackson Homan, Bar;., of the county of Waterford, uncle to Lord Stuart de Decies, has published a letter, in reply to one from Mr. O'Connell, which enclosed the requisi. tion for the Monster Repeal Meeting, and requested the signature of Sir William thereto. Whilst expressing admiration for the extraordinary talents and ability" of Mr. O'Connell, Sir William declares his determination not to join in the agitation for Repeal, and he states his reasons at considerable length, thus concluding should myself be a zealous Repealer at any sacrifice ; but convinced as I am that repeal and separation arcs one :inn the same thing, which cannot be accomplished without ruin, I do not say to one or other, but, without distinction, to both countries, I cannot (though free to confess that Irish affairs have been too often negligently or ignorantly conducted) bring my mind to concur in the views of the requisition, so far as it tclates to a repeal of the Legisla tive Union," We understand that the Mediterranean mail steamers, the Liverpool and the Oriental will, in future, start from and return to Southampton. In consequence of this arrangement, the Oriental only will, after landing her mails, come to this port.—Liverpool Albion. ST. PETERSBURGII, DEC. 29.—The Grand Duchess Helen, and her three daughters, did not arrive in this city tilt Wednesday last. The severe cold had greatly hindered their journey on this side Warsaw, and delayed their arrival for several days, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. (seem THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.) . (From the Morning Post.) Since the world began there never was offered to public view a more gross example of inordinate greedi ness than that which certain manufacturing capitalists display in their hostility to the Corn-laws. Never, even in this money-making country, did any class of men make such rapid fortunes as - the manufacturers have tirade since the beginning of the present century ; but nothing will satisfy them. With wealth Honing in upon them, as though Pactolus itself rolled through their smoky settlements of noise and toil, they cannot bear that any but they should be prosperous. They have no patience at the thoughts of landlords getting good prices for their • land, while they are getting more than Food prices for their manufactures. This is tl.e lice of human nature. Pamper a nuts, and he becomes cruel, grasping, greedy. He has no law of self-command but selfishness. The ( Pe!' tion is whether our Legislature will minister to this gross selfishness, or rather try to maintain a balance of interests, and give protection to the capital of the agriculturist ngatinst foreign competition. Some of the manufacturers (we refer especial) to those of Co ventry) are quite as clamorous for the continuance of protection to their own trade as they are for the aboli tion of all protection to agriculture. Others cry that they want no protection, land, because they do not want it, they insist that nobody else ought. to have it. What amiable and very " liberal" persons! Because they arc placed in circumstances of extraordinary ad. vantage, they would not only enjoy the benefit thereof, but hinder others whose circumstances are not so ad vantageous from such artificial help as it may be in the power of the Legislature to afford. There is no part of the United Kingdom in which the opposition to the existing, protection of British agriculture is more Y'ru lent than it is in Glssgovr, and yet, of all cities in the United Kingdom, there is not one where enterprise and industry in manufacturing and commercial pursuits have been more prosperous. We have been told by persons well acquainted with that city that the instances may be counted by hundreds of persons who had next to nothing twenty years ago, and yet arc now in affluence—spending large sums in luxury, and at the same time annually adding to their capitals. And yet these are the very persons who grudge to the landowner and the farmer the comparatively small—very small— returns which, under the protecting law, they derive front their capital and their labour ! It is no unusual thing for these manufacturers of articles, the exchange able value of which depends upon the fashion of the day, to realise full fifty per cent. in the year upon the capital they employ, and yet they burn with envy because they cannot cut down those who rarely make more than seven or eight per cent. to the level of continental prices, which would yield them no income at all. With out taking into account the wondrous profits which manufacturing people frequently make, the public can scarcely estimate the shocking and shameful greedi ness which is the soul of their opposition to the Corn laws. We have spoken of tho fortunes made within twenty years, but a recent important trial at Glasgow shows the more prodigious pace at which these greedy people go. We take from a Ministerial paper—one of those which incessantly assails the lauded interest with the most unmeasured alsuse on account of the Corn. laws—the following particulars of the fate of the much injured manufacturers : " A very important and interesting case was last week tried before Mr. Sheriff Alison, in Glasgow, which threw considerable light on the profits of the cotton trade. The Trustees of the Clyde navigation had obtained an Act of Parliament, in virtue of which they proposed to encroach on or remove the works of Messrs. Todd and fliggenbo them, at Springfield. Mr. Todd, the original proprietor of the works, is dead, and his representatives claimed fur the land, from which they derived a feu (chief rent). in addition to his share in the value of the works. Mr. Hig genbotham, who was formerly.an inhabitant of Manchester, had attracted the notice of Mr. Todd by his business-like habits, at a time when the latter was becoming infirm, rather more than six years ago. So imperfect were Mr. Higgeubothani's ideas of the value of the concern when Mr. Todd ofE.red him a share to secure his services, that he stipulated for a salary of 4001. per annum, secured, be • fore he would remove. His modest ideas were destined to no small surprise and expansion. "The works at Springfield contained 16,000 spindles, printing and Turkey-red dyeing works, and about 20 looms. The manufacture was entirely fur the home market. The total number of hands employed was 889. The averege annual consumption of drugs and dye stuffs, from 1835 to 1840 inclusive, .was 29,2061. Average annual amount of furnishings fur the same period was 4,5564 • The average produce in the printing and dyeing de partment was '264,666 pieces of 25 yards each. Sales 264,252. Leaving a dif ference of only 414. "In money the average annual sales amounted to 151,2041. " In estimating the capital employed, we find that five per cent. interest on the whole was deducted before the net profits were taken, and in the year 1640 that interest amounted to 5,400/., representing a capital of 108,000/. This interest, and all charges, including Mr. fliggen botharti's 400/. per annum during the copartuery, being de ducted, the average annual net profits for the six years, from 1835 to 1840, were 11,689/. For this concern the. Clyde Trustees offered but 6,230/. ; but the jury, after having had the above par ticulars proved to them, awarded 43,733/. to Mr. Higgenbotham, time surviving partner in it, and 8,1191. to the heirs of rent. Thus w e fi n d 52,000/, held to be equ i valent to Todd, as compensation for the head business profits of 11,689/. a year ; and a man who sti pulated six years ago for at least 400/. a year as his compensation enriched with 43,733/. for his interest in the concern ! Su c h matters, we believe, are not at all remarkable in Glasgow, and vet in that place, and among the very pe rsons t h us enriched, do we find a clamour as thou g h t h e protection which enables agri culture to exist at all were a grievous and almost in supportable hardship upon them! It is a class of people whose circumstances are thus prosperous, that pretend they cannot sufficiently compete with foreign manufac turers, who obtain labour at a cheaper rate, because food is cheaper. It is this class of people, with their enormous profits, who desire to cut down the wages of the manufacturing labourers, and to throw the agricul tural labourers out of employment is not this some thing monstrous to contemplate ? We admit the great merits of these persons. We admire their ingenuity-- we applaud their perseverance —we rejoice in their prov perity, and we have no wish that it should be one jot abated. But we:do think that they ought to be satis fied, that they should be content to let others lire while they thrive, and that they should not look with so jealous an eye upon the moderate profits yielded by the land. • (From the Morning Chronicle.) Kent is the county for charlatans. There " Sir William Percy Honeywood Courtenny," alias Thom, found believers in his Messiahship ; and his memory has found a worthy eulogic,:t in the person of the Hon. G. P. S. Smythe, who aspires to be the colleague of the notorious Bradshaw in the representation of Canter bury. Mr. Smythe think s that Thom had " glimmer ings of truth dawning on his mind," and was, after all, net so much of a fanatic as Daniel O'Connell. There is no accounting for tastes ; if there were, it would be worth while inquiring into.the taste for quackery evinced by the Tories of Canterbury. The oration of this new aspirant is amongst the most signal specimens , of flip pancy, ignorance, and impudence, we have ever met with. On the cause of Toryism at Canterbury there rests an indelible stain. There it was that en assem• bled faction, at its high festival, graced by the presence of dignitaries of the Church, listener? with applause to the calumnies and ribaldry of a " wine -warmed indivi dual" upon the character of a maiden Queen. Those who assisted at that festival, for eve' dis honoured themselves as gentlemen, Christians, and Englishmen. They showed themselves destitute of the heart or the manners of one or the other. The policy of party, then at its high tide of disloyalty, crested with the foamy hope of a Hanoverian succession, has since ebbed, and left Canterbury calumny aground. And what says Mr. Smythe in recommendation of himself to the people in this unfortunate predicament ? He has the boundless effrontery to talk of " a venal and cor rupt press throughout the country calumniating the an client city of Canterbury , " by " a speech %Odell (he says) I firmly believe was never deli ver ed , b ut was trumped u r u y up with h ciisl t o h ) e alt v ) i , e; ok ti t( the train; xing the c iti zens o f y, the Cant er b ur y Tories, who heard the speech with th e i r own ears, ap plauded the impudent denial as they h a d a pplauded th e disloyal calumny.; 0 that Heaven in its mercy would but send us honest opponents in political controversy and make i it an honourable warfare ! Is Mr. Smythe ignorant that this infamous speech first appeared in the Tory county paper ? I s he ignorant that the editor of that paper was present at its delivery, and was himself toasted by the meeting as the representative of the Conservative Press? Is he unaware that the com position of the printed :speech bears marks of greater care and revision than usually characterise the works of a provincial reporter ? Is he ignorant that its publica tion pa ssed without protest, and that, it re-appeared, with approbatory comments, in the Tory journals of the metropolis and elsewhere ? Is he aware that, in stead of being censured, it was praised and boasted of ; and that the reprobation of the Liberal and loyal papers was founded upon the reports and the laudations of Tory journals ? Is he ignorant that Mr. Bradshaw himself; instead of denying the speech, humbled him- self to the dust on the apology and recantation ? If Mr. Smyth, b e thus ignorant, wher e i s th e knowledge ; and if he be not thus ignorant, where is the honesty that should quality him JO:. a , representative ? We mean, for a representative of the people in Parliament. The representative of a very unscrupulous fraction of a very unscrupu:ous faction he certainly may be, very appropriately. The professions of Tory loyalty to the person of her Majesty come too late. They have recorded their own shame. The columns of their journals of a year ago and upwards, are laden with the foul false hoods which they now vainly dream of charging as in ventions upon their political opponents. While there was a ray of hope in Hanover, they were disloyal. While there was the supposed chance of (bullying right Royal spirit into submission, they were disloyal. While the recurrence of a long-remembered and deeply deplored catastrophe was possible, they were disposed to disloyalty. Was there a dinner-party at the Palace, they talked of Royal orgies. Was the weapon of a— sassination levelled, they were infinitely facetious upon " pistol practice in the Park." Were able and honest men, not of their professed doctrine, put into office, they alluded to the forced abdication of the second James. And now who so loyal as they ? Truly the ancient city of Canterbury must be hard betted for faithful subjects of Queen Victoria, if Mr. Smythe and his supporters arc to pass muster under those colours. Mr. Smythe couples most abundant abuse of the Government with a declaration that Sir Robert Peel and Lord Stanley vote more frequently with Ministers than would his opponent, Mr. Wilson ; and he intends to follow Sir Robert Peel and Lord Stanley. And moreover, he abuses the Septennial Act as a Whig measure, " a blue Act ;" yet he will resist its repeal. After such precious specimens of logic and consistency. it is hopeless for him to offer himself as the champion of the intekigence of the country against Mr. O'Connell or any other oppugner. The meeting that could tole rate'and applaud him, is sunk Mow all def. nee. In his return, the stultification of Canterbury would be far more palpable than its cathedral. These exhibitions are very humbling to our national character. We could almost find in our hearts to petition the Carlton Ciub not to make our canntry the. laughing-stock and con tempt of Europe.. We would say to them, try the nionoy power to its full extent, bribe to your hearts' satisfaction, avail yourselves of every technicality that the most rascally lawyers can turn to account in the perversion of the Reform Act, uprear your Constitu• tioa on the pedestal of the beer barrel, intimidate and coerce every poor dependent creature whose occupation brings him within your gripe—but have some tender ness for the intellectual reputation of a people which has had " the start of the majestic world." Do not fight your battles with shallow and brazen quacks. Observe sonic decorum in your choice of champions, and if you really be as sure of beating us as you pre tend, allow us to fall with decency, and make not your own triumph a dishonour to the English mind. We fear the petition would be in vain. The exigencies of the party require it to be inexorable. Our only hope is, that intellect and honesty are not extinct in Canter bury. Mr. Smythe, like our Contemporary the Stag (lard, objects to the Ballot, because " no scheme which wit or human ingenuity can devise will ensure the ob ject of secresy." If the Tories believe this, why are we not agreed upon its adoption ? They can well af ford the experiment which 9tters are desirous of try ing. Their corruption and coercion may still proceed if the Ballot can give no secresy ; and what would they have more ? Their insight into the vanity of all pre cautions against their own nefarious devices ought to render them tolerant of the deluded believers in the possibility of secret and independent voting. Either their objection is dishonest, or they arc the most unreason able, churlish, and intolerant faction upon the face of the earth. But the very strenuousness of their hostility evinces their dread that protection would be realized. And in the protection of honest opinion they rightly forebode their own discomfiture. (From the Times ) The character of this country is essentially Conserva tive. There arc always, indeed, mobs to be collected by rogues, enthusiasts, or bigots, sometimes idle mobs, and sometimes, we grieve to say, hungry mobs, all quite ready to vote that everything they suffer from is every, body's fault but their own ; and at indefinite periods opce perhaps is ten or a dozen years, there arises some general or panic excitement, which hurries along with it a considerable portion of the more respectable classes. But, except for these partial and casual ex cesses, the English are a sober-minded people, willing to be guided by their natural leaders, and excesd ingly indifferent to theories of government. Of po litical liberty, indeed, they are very jealous ; but they care little for political power. I n th e i r p oc k et and in their religion they must not be harassed ; and where any hardship or other abuse is exhibited, especially if its pressure be on the weak, they will have it redressed ; but their interposition seldom seeks to go much further : for they have pretty generally the good sense to perceive that few of us pos sess information or leisure sufficient to qualify us for the incessant toil of politics : and that the best course with respect to our political counsellors, as with respect to our legal or our medical ones, is to choose our men with care, and, having chosen them, to leave our case in thelhands, and upon their responsibility. That is the coMitutional principle of our government, and that is the general inclination of our people. They are Con servative, not because they prefer one set of partisans to another, but because their tendencies are to fixedness rather than to change, and to recognized gradations of power and rank, rather than to an uneasy straining after impracticable equality. The Whigs, from the begin ning, have miscalculated the whole matter, and in no one particular more grossly than in that of their Muni cipal Corporation Bill. They might have learned a les son from the working of their own Reform Act, but they were too dull to take it. The general election in January, 1835, being the second under the Reform Act, had almost doubled the number of the Conservatives in the House of Commons. To men at all capable of being warned, that sudden increase from 150 to near 300 might well have been a warning. It might have taught them that the popular feeling which had en abled them to carry the Reform Act was not a rest less itching for progressive and endless innovation, but a single determination on the part of the people to compel the redress of what they regarded as an in tolerable abu;e of their Representative Constitution. Although the first election—that of 1832—had brought upwards of 500 Whigs and Radicals into Parliament, the next, in 1835, diminishing that aggre gate force by about 150, left the Whigs at the mercy of Mr. O'Connell. Yet the Whigs conld not discern in this any symptom of a Conservative tendency on the part of the nation at large ; or, if they did, they were so infatuated by their own selfishness as to fancy that they could neutralize the mind of the British people by a bit of Whig legislation—by a new elec tioneering job. If the drawing of the great lottery, said they, has not been quite so profitable as we calcu lated, we will have a " little go" in aid of it ; and so they resolved upon passing the measure now known by the name of the Municipal Corporation Act. By that enactment they promised themselves that they should gain an accession of from 57 to 59 seats, and extinguish the Conservatives for ever in a flood tide of popular en thusiasm which was never to have an ebb. Oa the 4th of January, 1836, very shortly after the first general town election under the new Act, we stated our reasons for believing that, favontable as the election had been to the Whigs, they would neither gain their expected accession of seats in Parliament, nor long continue to retain their influence even in the elections of corpora tors. We observed, that as all the Parliamentary no minations appertaining to the corporation system had already been killed outright by the Reform Bill, there were none of them left for the working of the Corpora tion Act to strangle. We showed that the disgust with which the jobbing and roughriding of the Radical town councillors could not fail to inspire the burgesses must bring back the popular feeling in the towns to the res pectable (which, with few exceptions, is the Conserva tive) class of inhabitants ; and that, in three or four years, the municipal electors would finally restore their confidence to a municipal administration of which pro perty and character should be the guarantees. Those were our predictions in 18:16. In 1837, that part of them which related to the Parliamentary elections was verified by a large increase, instead of any diminution, in the number of the Conservatives returned to the House of Commons, and in 1840 the remainder of our anticipations became realized by the overthrow of the Whig and Radical candidates at almost every town elec tion, from the Tweed to the Tamar. From these facts, these unequivocal and sustained. manifestations of the public opinion, both in the Parliamentary and in the municipal elections, it is possible to draw only one conclusion, namely, that the tendency—the ha bitual tendency,—of thC English people ;is opposed to the projects of perpetual change and to the domination of vulgar adventurers. Mob autho rity is hated most when it comes nearest ; and in this view, the Municipal Reform Act will really have been a substantial benefit to the country. As long as the election of democratical pretenders was only into the House of Commons the perception of the evil was lost in its distance and generality, no particular consti tuency having any opportunity to see it in its immediate working. But when the Municipal Act let a herd of hungry Liberals into the domestic administration of the towns,the householders soon became awake to the true character of these gentry. Their insolence, their ignor ance, their covetousness, their corruption, all those quali ties which signalize the beggar set on - horsebaek and speed him to the proverbial termination of his journey, were then seen and felt, and ere long resented, by the indignant householders of the towns. From what they viewed with their own eyes, they formed their judgment of what was less immediately obvious ; and they came to //z-Z49 , , I?, V ENT ING l': ir.)l 17.1 () N. ..... Istitution. Parliamentary precedent, we suppose, h as not much weight in the United States, otherwise Mr. Van f3u...• ren would not have made a statement in liis speech so dia metrically opposed to it. We cordially agree with Mr. Van Buren in his denunciation of a large public debt as being the cause of increased expenditure, and of leading to a system of oppressive taxation. His sentiments on that head will find general acceptation among the people of this country, who must appreciate: the truth of them but too strongly and too well from the test of dire experience. We cannot, however, perceive how ars ernry treasury is to be the best safeguard against such evils, or that an overflowing one would be likely to accele rate their occurrence. If Mr. Van Buren •be correct in taking merit for having devised a system of fiartnetal go vernment " not subject to be again overthrown by Ike suspension of banks, or the explosions of a bloated credit system," we should fully agree with him in believing that the overthrow of his administration was the result of tem porary error on the part of the people, from which they would ultimately recover; but we should rather apprehend, that his system, if persevered in, would produce an oppo site result ; that it would starve the public treasury, and leave the monetary system of the country without any tflicient governing influence or regulating control. to he again visited with convulsions, the victim of new contractions and expansions, the tricks of empa ries, fresh, panics, and wide..spread distress. The Americans have now a splendid field before them—a noble opportunity of regaining their national credit. We trust they will use it firmly and pros:len:ly, taking care to avoid the dang,rous mistake of again rushing into gigantic schemes of slicers lation, over trading, and internal improvements. The ac count! received seem to place the resumption of specie pavinenta this month beyond all doubt.; and that is.a grent step gained towards a return to a better system. Nei change is reported in business matters since the liVit Sr. rival. Exchange on London was 8,3- to 9 prem. •United , States Bank Shares. 651 to 66. TIMES.—The financial portion of the American President's message has naturally been referred to Wit" a good deal of interest in the city. Notsvithstantlin*. his approaching retirement from office, not the s.iglit&t wavering is to be detected in the -principles by which Aia financial policy has been uniformly regulated, and but 1 . .,r that circumstance, our capitalists might base e"'" 81 " c? to the conclu s i on th a t ne ith er th e creation of a natioria.- debt, ner the establishment of a national bask, can het e after take place in the United States. That the policy of General Harrison, who will succeed to office in March next, is opposed to th a t o f Mr. Van Buren. i° wellknown, Wire particularly as regards the ferination of a national bank ; but it seems to be an upieinfi pretty currently entertained here, that , a few pientil longer may so tend to coasolidatoe the sub-treasury a.yatc-it. by which the Government is enabled to dispetia , .With a bank altogether, and to reconcile the people to it, toper.l a lion, that the Harriion party, with all their prealileetioti for a national bank, will find it difficult to carry it two operation. Mr. Van Buren's account of the situation tut which the Government was paced by the failure of the banks in 1837 is thought by many persons here to ho simple, clear, and convincing, and to aff o rd a justification for ail the subseqticnt • proceedings o f tho Treasury. It has fully exposed also the unfair ease of some of those attacks upon the Goren - meet during the first attempts to act for itself, when some creation of debt was inevitable ; in the course of which attacks the essential fact was usually kept out of sight, that the deposit banks, at the time of the: general stoppage, held Government money to the amount of about $23,000,000, which was locked up and bec.:rnat inaccessible by the failure. That the Government shoa.l have made its way so well as it has done, under so entire a su.pension of its resources, is the real matter of wonder, and very much to its credit. The statements in the jour+ flak that his return is a false one remains yet to be proved'. There ara‘ many persons here whose interests it would suit to s+ e a national debt recommenced in the United States, and, shove all, to find the reconstruction of a na tional bank sanctioned by Congress; but much praise 14 given to hint, nevertheless, for the consistency of iiis principles, and his perseverance in them ; nor has the -pas saf,Te in the speech been overlooked, in tibial he decestbee tile degradation and insult to which every country is ,suh. ject which consents to borrow money from foreignera. Mr. Van Buren, it is observed, touches very lightly on the debts of the separate States, a hich did not be withio his province, but his remarks on the fatal consequences and degradation of borrowing money abroad apply equally to them. Of course the subject of the adoption of such State debts by the general Government is not even adverted to, and it appears, in fact, that no party was ever formed in Congress, possessed of the least influence, for toe aor:- port of such a measure. Altogother it may be inferred that the great struggle for the ascendancy of the banking interest. though notice,. have been given to bring it early forward, will be suspended until GePeral Harrison cony; into power Mr Van Buren anticipates at least the possibility of its suftcess, but he predicts at the same time, in that cave the plum of all that overtrading and excitement by which the e,..nritry has suffered for the last three years, and from the cu: l ß , '- quences of which it is just beginning, in his opirii , ,u, to recover. 'rho report of the Seeraary of the Treasurr, which' has likewise been received, shows in greater detail they financial c,tndition of the United States. The aggregate ordinary receipts for the year 18.10 are ateA uown et $17.197,763, and tkose from additional sonrces—s the" receipts of p i , ic;pal and intereA out f what was due Irons former deposit banks, but not availtable till Itnuary, 1840, the receipts from the fourth bond of the " Litti!.ett Bank," and front the issue of Tr k ea3nry notes instead of others redeemed, arc estimated at $8,790,000. which, together with the available balaned in . the Treasury. viz.,7V2,246,7-19, wilco the total means in 1840 ~sj2a 244,512 flutterer, $700,000 of tll ' s3 amount is doubtful, as that amount had net been anertnined to be paid from the banks. The current eApontii tures fur 1840, exclu%ivo of trusts and the Poit....)ser, have been $22 489 349, which, with:the addition for the funded debt and interest for the cities of the disnict: of Colombia, and the rcdemp ion of Ticasury notes, i• in. creased to $26,643,655, so that tho available balance on. the 31st of December, 1840, is computed at $1,590,655. Proceeding to the estimate of the receipts and expendi— tures for the present year, he sets down the ordinary meangi at $24,160,855 (including the balance above given) . which, with,the addition of a small sum due from the banks, and an issue of Treasury notirs under an Act of the 31st of last March, is increased to $24,723.473. The estimated ordinary expenditures for 1841 are $19,250.000, which would leave a balance in the Treasury of $5,473 473:,. were not certain other payments to be deducted. These: are on account of the funded debt, and for the redemption of Treasury notes, amounting in all to $4,649,200, whiclr reduces the balance to $624,273. ' POST.—The English funds were lower to-day, Con sols closing 891 to i f t't r money and for the 15th instant. , ex. dividend, which is a per cent. on the opening value.. Exchequer Bills left ()flat 9t. to 11s. prem. ; India Bonds Ss. to tit. dis. ; Bank Stock 164 i to 54; India Stots 2484 to 9f. The decline in Consols was ascribed to to somewhat considerable sale of stock made in the course 551 the morning by the brokers who usually act for the Banta of England, the operation being assumed to be on account of the corporation. Thu African Colonizer contains same remarks for the guidance of persons proposing to embark in Sir T. F. Buxton's enterprise on the Niger. The testimony (4 Mr. Laird, of Oldfield, is laid before the public is proof of the insalubrity of the spot selected as rbc site of the intended colony. Mr. Laird states, in le narrative drawn up by him on this important sub ject, that, upon the occasion of his visiting the Niger years since, every precaution that medical skill could suggest was used as a int ans of averting the mortality experienced by Ins party at that pc.. riod. On entering the river dotilee awnings were spread fore and aft; the sides of the vessel were raised by canvas , to a height of eight feet from the main deck ; chloride of lime was daily sprinkled in the forecastle and cabin, as well as upon the decks. White men weie never to work except under the awnings, and on no account to sleep exposed to the dew. Every attention was also paid to their diet. The principal predisposing causes of sick ness were, in the opinion of Mr. Laird, the sudden change from the open sea to a narrow winding river, the want of the sea breeze, and the prevalence of the dreadful mi..sma to which the expedition was exposed from the surrounding swamps. Of the stench of this miasma he says nothing; but the actual experienve can convey the smallest " In those accursed swamps one is oppressed not only bodily, but mentally, with an indescribable feeling of heaviness, languor, nau•ea, and disgust, which it requires a considerable t ff.art to shake off:" One great caul' of sicknes3 was, he thinks, the want of excitement. Much opposition had been looked for on the past4ge to rule. • The minds of the crew had been prepared to dare every thre ing, fig.(o,errrge, etltvhfieu) mile of everyist, hoiezluddnah;;:vaciej ii rendered na4calotnefddi t tin : ehl e cuo. tre m ;:ni. ;: a m y n t a iog te, thing, :nd overcome every obstacle to their progress, b ut , countrymeng hi • al about met they had be fore t t i h i . the exception o of one excitement ir ifl i p n r g o produced i b s y b: i. a n n s: a n o e se rn o . e i a d su a before their . s u iteresting, An d country. pro i‘ t i r r a . ct L et i l ,ir v d oy i s a g , e ic , s o ir n o ly us a o fi r a p t end I • tiOnof Sir Fovvell Buxton , in take part in the Mger which "leek. duttprieetmaldi,cedexmcisti:mdY'li:osciw.tahme s w am py country', .aa possible o L tt a tre ( s ' l7 a p i r m r;:. departure,in possessi en o f certain ay i t i e r n a infweoa:cfrdey,d„pluflio(i,nbiii:i passible way, en in the. feeding them country, tripl e t h v o i f si s o p i i i r s, :trsh t .' a L ii ns , antly, and above al; things having music on board. e considers a European going out to t h e se countries placed hi an unnatural position, stead that chance of saving hint is in stimulating in utmost,u i latin e g ii h c i l m ial t a o te t s he theonly and preventing him, by ar tificial aids, from sinking into a hopeless state of dejection.. The African Colonizer aflirms that there is a fatality. in everything touched of late years,by Sir Futrell Buxton," • and expresses a conviction that the attempt to found a settl.,:ment On an island of the N ger, which is announced f t i l b t e ltis, the first object of his expedition, will prove no ex ception ;o the general sbortiveness of his schemer. It is , anticipated, moreovel, that the cause of African eivihr,a tion land, a r n et d ar t l i e ( . , d p b ro y m tl o i of a colony in Beau commended, before exposing the lives of their fellow-el:ea ort,itiko i t n al g ve n r e e l e r r c y .- tures to the Vapours of so p te c e s ri t 's i l f a e no r tf o i u nt : he a i r i e 'n g d io e cove and branch of the river explore d . Toe a heavy responsibi- Tne saints arc unquestionably a l t i o t Y d o f e a x e p rid . ing o ff several cargoes upon e ar themselvesfearful ,A.arn in in warnings s o r ar t erience n i"'Y the wporuelsde n t. l (9 i ‘ l i k t_t stance. The of unswpect i„ P g . li a il n a d ut t h h r L f " ht!ess t . ieings.t . 9 .. a distant part of the they are to and ninsitt, is a philat btleiekvie•ioarladi,ivewhocarlye, toy drunkenness thropy that we cannot und ers t a nd. in thn:idst HERAL 4 flp io ..—By tho simultancous arrival of three packet sidpiaafel.bave been received from New York to tLe 20th ultimo. Tllere appeared to - •be no question of the resumption of specie payments by the Philadelphia Banks at the time fixed in she preterit month, an event which it St.os anticipated would exercise a very beneficial influence tißlhe mercantile afl'Airs .of the Union • fur Op present year,. 'lie most strenuous exertion were Dna§ SPECIAL GENERAL MEETING tj of the MEMBERS of the ORIENTAL CLUB will be held at the Club House on MoNCAY, the 18th inst., at Two o'clock precisely. T. CORNISH, Secretary. . Oriental Club,' Hanover-square, Jan. 11,1841. I I - 1 awl ►f Sib I itnno TE ed Feb• 804 Hnm• ;Ore rilsoth aoi Brid• rpo . o l . csh ire , Da' Faber, Ne're 10 4 oo mit Corr Fell' ,oftgh 4 Fel l cester Glow U. 25 310' ~don ; JO' mote' ,rtsoor .101' Co pist.• V b. Ng° ' ~