The Sun. — London, England, 1841-10-01 00:00:00

144 V I_4'4WING SUN SECOND - EDITIo SUN OPFICE, QuaPter past Three. AM EP. 'CAN NEWS. (FURTHER PARTICULARS.) PRESIDEN T'S MESSAGE. V No. . TO THE HOUSE O ET F O REP RE lI SENTATIVES OF TIM UNITED STATES. '• It is with extreme regret that I feel myself con strained by the duty , faithfully to execute the office of President of the United States, and to the best of my ability " to preserve, protect, and defend the Constitu . thm of the United States," to return to that House in • which it originated, the 13111 "to provide for the bettlecr •:• collection, safe keeping, and disbursement of the public t_lo .pu bi revenue by m eans o f a C orporat i on to be _sts " Fiscal Corporati on o f th e U n it e d States," with my written objections. In my message sent to the Senate on the IGth day of August last, r e t urn i ng - th e Bill " to incorporate the sub scribers i s • t o the. Fiscal Bank of the United States," I dis tinctly declared th a t " my own opinion has been uni , formly proclaimed to be against the exercise of the power • of Con„e-ress to create a National Bank to operate per s e • over th e U n i on ," an d en tertaining that opinion, my main _ objection to that Bill was based upon . the highest mora l and religious obligations of conscience and the Consti tution. - I readily admit that, while the qualified veto with which the Chief Magistrate isinvested, should be regarded, and was intended by the wise men who made it a part of the Constitution, as a great conser vative principle of our syste:n, without the exercise of which, on important Occasions, a mere representative majority might urge the Government, in its legislation, beyond the limits fixed by its framers, or might exert its just powers too hastily or oppressively, yet, it is a power which ought to tie most cautiously exerted, and perhaps never except in a case eminently involving the public interest, or one in which the oath of the Pre sident, acting under his convictions, both mental and moral, imperiously requires its exercise. In such a case be has no alternative. He must either exert the negative . power entrusted to him by the Constitution chiefly for its own preservation, protection, and defence, or commit an act of gross moral turpitude. Mere regard to the will of the majority must not, in a constitutional repub lic like ours, control this sacred and solemn duty of a • sworn officer. The Constitution itself I regard and cherish as the embodied and written will of the whole people of the , United States. It is their fixed and fundarnen tat law, which they unatihnously prescribe to the • public functionaries, their mere trustees and ser vants. This their will, and the law which they have given us as the rule of our action, has no guard, no guarantee of preservation, protection and defence, but the oaths which it prescribes to public (officers — the sanctity with which they shall religiously observe those oaths, and the patriotism. with which the people shall shit ld it by their own sovereigntt , which has made the constitution supreme. • It must be exerted against the will of a mere representative majority, or not at all. It is alone in pursuance of that will that any measure can ever reach the President ; and to say that because a majority in Congress have passed a Bill. the President should therefore sanction it, is to abrogate the power altogether, and to render its insertion in the constitution a work of absolute superero - kation. The duty is to guard the fundamental will of the people themselves front—in this case I admit unin tentional —change or infraction by a majority in Con gress ; and in that light alone do I regard the constitu tional Is this Bill, now presented for my approval or disap proval, such a Bill as I have already declared could not receive my sanction ? Is it such a Bill as calls fur the exercise of the negative power under the Constitu tion ? Does it violate the Constitution by creating a National Bank to operate per se over the Union ? Its title, in the first place, describes its general character. It i s " An Act to provide for the better colltction, safe keeping, and disbursement, of the public revenue, by means of a corpor a ti on , t o be styled the 'Fis cal Corporation o f ,th e U n i te d States."' In style, en, it is pl a i n ly na ti ona l i n i ts c h aracter. Its powers, functions and duties, are those pertaining to the collect ing, keeping and disbursing the public r e v e nu e . Th e M eans by whi c h th ese arc te be exerted is a corporation, to he styl e d th e "Fi sca l C orporat i on of the United mates." • It is a corporation created by the Congress of the United States, in its character of a National Legisla ture for the whole Union, to perform the fiscal purposes, meet the fiscal wants and exigencies, supply the fiscal uses, and exert the fiscal agencies of th e T reasur y o f t h e United S tates. Such is its own description of itself. Do its provisions contradict its own title? They do not. It is true, that by its first section it provides, that it shall be established in the district of Columbia, but the amount of its capital—the manner in which its stock is to be subscribed for and held—the persons • and bodies Corporate and politic by whom its stock may be held— the. appointment of its Directors, and their powers and duties—its fundamental articles, especially that to establish agencies in any part of the Union —the corporate powers and business of such agencies —the prohibition of Congress to estab lish any other corporation with similar Powers, for twenty years, with express reservation, in the same clause, to modify or create any batik for the district or Columba so that the aggregate capital shall not ex "A five millions—without enumerating other features Which are equa ll y di st i nct i ve and characteristic—clearly the that it cannot be regarded as other than a bank of United States, with powers seemingly more limited n have heretofure been greeted to such an institu tion. It ' b virtue' of th e operates per se over the L mon, y ommiaided, and, in in my view, assumed authority of rote `' PPs s as a national Legislature, as distin gu i s h e d, bank created by Congress for t h e districtf Co - 'ver 'a a , as the local Legislature of tne district. o iY United States Bank heretofore created has diiastetotints. potter to deal in bills of exchange as well as local Both were trading . privileges conferred, • and both exercised by virtue of the aforesaid power of Congre ss , over the whole Union. The question of Power remains unchanged without reference to the este' ' le of privilege granted. If this proposed corpo ' Iti-e.t6nofisCottilunbie bia r , egarded as a local bank of the Lis oirers to Operate over invested by Congress with general the Union, it is obnoxious tat. may tee gra ss still stronger objections. It assumes that Con invest a local institution with general or mee k 'n,al powers. With the same propriety that it •.' L T this in reeard to a bank of the District of • u f -rn ula, it may as to a State bank. Yet who can 111( atls,.e the idea that this Government can rightfully, by l a l i al ",ng, a State Bank its fiscal agent, invest it with the Wiseate and unqualified powers conferred by this Bill ? ~ n I come to look to the' details of s the Bill, d° not recommend it strongly to my adoption. A notic e of some of its provisions will suffice : 4t ' It may justify substantially a sy s tem of dis eel of the most objectionable character. It is to d eal in bill s of exchange drawn in one State and Payable in another, without any restraint. The bill • it.. ex change may have an unlimited term to run, and in rcret<abiltty is rowLere guarded against. It may, 0 ' 4O , asstime the most objectionable form o f cc . r e ..""atiol'. It is not required to rest on any actual, substantial lexchange basis. A drawer in one ,Place becomes the acceptor in another, and so in Th ` n ti rn the acceptor may become the drawer, upon a uu i ,tuesal iu understanding. It may, at th e same time, mere local discounts, und er th e name o f t 'Oft in bills of exchange. A bill drawn on Philadelphia on w ill ilen, New Jersey—at New York on a border tuc k in Ne w J ersey — at C i nc i nnati on Newport, 'Ken theK,Y, not p t multil other example, might, for any h 1 this o Bill to re y strain it, become s a mere matter of ;ea! acc ommodation. Cities thus relatively situated 6 ,,, ° s tnd Possess a d vantages over c i ties otherwise situated, .0 etion decid e d a ch aracter as most j ustly to excite dissa usra . bee econd. There is no limit proscribed to the pre . I nitun in the purchase of bills of exchange, thereby etvreeting none of the evils under which the cont . 1 1 4 nity now labour, and operating most injuriously "oil the agricultural States, in which the Mequon @S in the rates of exchange are most severely felt. 4-Nor are these the only consequences ; a resumption o f_specie payments by ' the banks of those States Would be liable to indefinite . postponement—fur, us t he operation of the agencies of th e i n t er i or wou ld -• ° licitly consist' in selling bills of exchange, and the Parehases Could only be made in specie or the notes hanks paying specie, th e St a t e b an k s wou ld e i t h er Th lat e to conti nue w i t h th e i r d oors closed, (Sr exist at the . this national monopoly of brokerage. Nor • be passed over without r emar k, t h at, w hil s t - the b: Ti t c i i et of Columbia is made the esat of the principal k' s „ kits, citizens are exc l u d e d f rom a ll participation in tnefit it might affiml, by a positive prohibition on from all discounting within the district. c are some of the objections which proud :tee..l,3,S exist. against the details of the bill ; others. he urged of' much force, but it would be ,:tfiil. t eatMile to dwell upon them. Suffice it to add. Ses'yetiieSlis charter is designed to continue for 'twenty ‘:likt;,`,.,4out competitor-Htlist the defects to which Oise teZtl!nded being found, in the fundamenterlaw u. , ett!aition, aro irrevocable—and that. if the objets 011 e j.O1-founded it would be over-hazardous to pass , („ into a law. 6 1 . 1cl usion, I take leave most respectfully to say, H' i l i a e yo felt the most anxious solicitude to meet . ‘ ,4l •ltit 3 or Congress in the adoption of a Fiscal lv , i t li eb, avoiding all constitutional objections, "s• feel. ! n ionize conflicting opinions: Actuated b 3 Pg , 'l . lase been ready tte yield inueb, in a it •witi"onediation, to the opinions of others. And dor se e x , I great pain that I now . feel compelled tt • • t th e ° e ll o l e Congres s a second time in the same session. „Itiores Minenceinent of this session, inclined from Veee re ," 1"I'r to the Legislative I submitted t, Whel ,S 3 h e so o. P putty of adopting. a Fiscal Agent tarotusiseretral't,, without violating the Constitution, would tr o t - the publ.* pe s e cirm the le money from the Executive con ng.' be et ! operations of the Treasury, without :LgteeDttle: tensotne to the people, or incoacnient or e1k.,771!" the Government. It is deeply to be re -3.t.,;1"110t„ a this department of the Government can s'aPti°n coustitutienal rrounds .I,6liio,aca_tt,,en'ethesepadvitea,cct. in tti oetwe,,n : s.ra concur with the this las ' t measure proposed oie objects. Owing to the brief seessor an, • period of the . death of my lamented eeo-:11.1 ieit tim e to t s." my o‘,l • • •.! installation into office, I was, in girt endatimi of pare and submit a definite re uy. own, in my regular message ; and has been wholly an s .' I nY mind wiiiious attempt to conform my occupied in a most s comimmicatio action to tine legislative t i • my obsectione,l am confined by the Con ., • tiot to ss , n, simply to this Bill, but the period of the regular session will soon arrive, when I it -Gill be my duty under another clause of the Con stitution "to give to the Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consi deration such measures as I shall judge necessary nd expedient.' And I most respectfully sunmit, hi a a spirit of harmony, whether the present ditli:rence of opinion should be pressA't farther at this tune, and whether the peculiarity of my situation does not entitle me to a postponement of this subject, to- a more aus picious- period for deliberation. The two Houses of Congress have distinguished themselves at this ex traordinary Session, by the . performance of an he mense mass of labour, at a season very unfavourable, both to health and action ; and have passed many laws, which I trust rill prove highly beneficial to the interests of the country, and fully answer its just expectations. It has been my good fortune and pleasure to con cur with them in all measures except this. And why should our difference on this alone bt pushed to ex tremes ? It is my anxious desire that it should not be. I, too, have been burthened with extraordinary labours of late, and I sincerely desire time for deep and deliberate reflection on this the greatest diffi culty of my Administration. May we not now pause, Until a More favourable time, when, wit:i the most anxious hope that Congress and the Executive mai cordially unite, some measur e o f fin ance ma y b e deli berately adopted, promotive of the good of our common Country ? I Will take this occasion to declare that the con clueions to which I have brought myself, are those of a settled conviction founded in my opinion on a just view of the Constitution. That in arriving at it, I have been actuated by no other motive or desire, than to uphold the institutions of the country, as • they have come clown to w: from the hands of our God like ancestors—and that I shall esteem my efforts to sustain them, even though I perish, more honourable than to win the applause of men by a sacrifice of duty and my conscience. JOHN TYDER. Washington, Sept. 9, 1841. CABINET RESIGNATIONS. • (Front the New York Commercial Advertiser.) Well : the evil hour has arrived. The machinations of the conspirators who have been labouring for three months past to separate the President from the Whif. party, and to drive from the public service " those ster ling patriots and sound-headed statesmen, whom public sentiment and his own knowledge of their merit induced the lamented Harrison to place in charge of the several bran Ches of the Executive Government," have been so far crowned with success, that the Cabinet is broken, Messrs. Ewing, Bell, Badger, and Crittenika - sn't in their resignations on Friday, and successors in their several departmcnts were nominated to the Senate on Saturday. The Madisonian of Saturday morning states, as the impression then prevailing, that the Post Master General would remain at the post which he has filled with so much honor and general 'favor. But sub sequent advices assure us that in the course of Saturday, Mr. Granger gave the President notice that his com mission would be placed at his disposal on Monday (to-day). Thus, of that Cabinet which was not only the pride : of the venerable patriot who formed it, but of the na tion, Daniel Webster only remains. His position, it is not to be denied, is critical, but he does not remain without having fully surveyed it, and calcu lated its responsibilities. We know, and be himself knows, that he will be assailed for not having relin quished his post with his late associates. his motives will be impeached by some and questioned by mom But in the belief that duty to his country, in the present cri tical position of our foreign relatiorp, requires hill. to remain in his present position, at least for a time, at the special and urgent solicitation of the President he will remain. And those who know him need no assurance that having arrived at a conclusion founded upon , the basis of public duty, he will stand Like Atlas firm, Though storm and tempest thunder on his brow, And ocean roll her billows at his feet. The determination of Messrs. Ewing, Bell, Badger, and Crittenden to resign, was formed at a meeting on Thursday evening, at which Mr. Webster was not pre sent, There was a wide difference of opinion among the Whig members of Congress, as to the course Mr. Webster ought to pursue. The younger and more ar dent politicians demanded his resignation also. Not so the abler and more experienced hen. Most, if not all, of the Eastern Whig members, particularly from Mas sachusetts, as we are advised, insisted on his remaining in office. Mr. John Quincy Adams was particularly urgent upon this point—believing, us he affirmed, that the question of peace or war with England, in a measure, hangs upon his continuance in the State Department. The President himself is equally anxious upon this subject. For the present, therefore, at least, Mr. Webster re mains, being determined not to act rashly, or in any‘‘ ise to compromise the interests of the republic by a mea sure of mere party policy. And we have strong confi dence that time will show the wisdom of his determina tion. In this city, so far as we can gather the evidences of public opinion, that opinion among those wh o h ave substL ntialinterests at stake, and who look more to the wain e of the country than to the influences of party politics, is strong and clear in favour of the course upon which Mr. Webster has decided. THE NEW CABINET. (From the New York Commercial Advertiser of the instant.) Walter Forward, the new Secretary of the Treasury, is a native of New England, but has long been a resi dent of Pittsburgh, in the State of Pennsylvania. Ile is a lawyer of eminence, and some twenty years ago was a member of Congress, supporting Mr. Crawford for the Presidency, in the memorable contest which resulted in the choice of Mr. Adams. It has been er roneously stated that Mr. Forward was, a supporter of General Jackson. Such was not the fact. He was a stanch friend of the American protective system, and his views upon the policy of standing by the great manufacturing as commercial interests of our own country are unchanged. He was an able Member, and we believe an officer of the late convention of Pennsyl vania, for reconstructing her constitution. He was ap pointed First Comptroller of the Treasury by General Harrison, and it is admitted' on every hand that hepos sesses all the requisite qualifications for the head of the Treasury Department. Abel P. Upshot', of Virginia, is the now Secretary of the Navy. lie is a resident of Mr. Wise's district, and a warm personal friend of the President. He has never been in Congress, but as a Member of the Virginia Le. gislature has often shown hiniSelf to be an able debater and an acute reasoner. • As a Member of the Virginia Convention for reemodelling her State Constitution, in 1829—a body combining the highest talent of the State —Mr. Upshur obtained a proud intellectual rank. In deed, the honour of the projet of the new Constitution, and the " form and pressure " it received in the course of the discussion thereon, are in chief due to him. His labours were so well-directed and so efficient in the Convention, that Mr. Madison, Mr. Monroe, and John:Randolph, :united in pronouncing hiin its ablest Member. On the decease of Judge Barbour of the Supreme Court, just at the close of Mr. Van Buren's Administration, Mr. Upshur, then a Judge of the High Court of Appeals of Virginia, was named as a suitable candidate for the bench ; but being a Whig, his high claims were, of course, disregarded, and a mar. greatly his inferior was appointed. Judge Upshur is an accom plished scholar ; and, as a political metaphysician of the Virginia school, is said to be the greatest man at split ting a hair in the old dominion. But as ropes and not hairs are used in the navy, there will be little room for the display of that sort of skill in that department. We regret deeply to part with George E. Badger ; but what must be, must ;" and we see no reason why Mr. Upshur may not fill his place well. John M'Lean, of Ohio, if he accepts, Will be 'the new Secretary of the War Department. This gentleman is now one of the associate Justices of the 'Supreme Ccsurt. He has been too long and constantly before the public to require an introduction, and yet we cannot consent to pass him by in the new station to which he has been in vited, without notice. Twenty years ago he was a young but able member of Congress from Ohio. In 1822 or 1823 he was called to the office of Postmaster-General by Presi:lent Monroe, as the successor of the late Return ,Jonathan Meigs. He was continued in that office during the Administration of Mr. Adams, because of his high moral integrity and the efficiency of his con duct of the department, notwithstanding his avowed preference for General Jackson in opposition to Mr Adams. But Mr. M'Lean would not allow party politics to intrude into the administration of his department, and neither removals nor appointments wore allowed by him from political considerations. Mr. Adams:approved of this course ; and, although the principle cost him his up,otpteohntallok; place, yet be would Oct displace John'APLean. On the e a d rt r in e e so n i t u i t t i l o t n o 'tae•ac:sstail°cennotfe General a grand political maChine.• 'To this course John M'Lean would not consent; and the consequence was, that he was transferred to the be nc h of the Supreme Court, to make NM fora con veniep t Postmaster -General. Such an instrument was found:in William T. Barry, who filled the department with corruption to saturation. Judge brlscati is ;member of the Meth odissEpiseopal Church. He is a man of activity and energy. lie has preserved the; ermine of justice spotless ; and if he leaves the bench for the camp, he will make an able Secretary of War. I'lugh S. Legere, of South Carolina, th e. successor of Mr. Crittenden, as Attorney-General, as a scholar and statesman, is one of the ablest and most accomplished soundness and elegance t his of the republic. The men scholarship were eminent} l • displayed, some t we l ve to i fifteen years ago, in the pages of the Southern uart erly l• to nam Renkw—a work which was published, advo cate the peculiar doctrines of the South upon the science lima' economy He has sinc e —falsely so called—of po written occasionally for other periodicals, and the depth • of his learning has recently been displayed in the the aurae ter and age of Demosthenes. . New York Review, by an article upon Mr. Legere reputed also as an able lawyer, as we- know he is an eloquent speaker. He is descended from an ancient .Ilugue not family, which emigrated I to South Be.ing th e sge of Protestant persecutions in Be ing a supporter of G enera l J ac kson, he was return, in sent as the first American Ch arge t o B e l g i um . On his 1836, he w as e l ec t e d to Congress from Charleston, 115 . op position t o 11. C. Pi nc k ney, t h e can did ate o f th e I\ll li tiers. Ile separated front the administration of Mr. Van Buren on th e S u b- treasury quest i on, an d wen t ou t or Congress. During the late political campaign he oils one of the ablest, and most efficient orators before the public in this and oilier States ; and inasmuch as we are obliged to lose Mr. Crittenden, we rejoice that the President has found Hugh S. Legere. • Charles A. Wickliffe, of Kentucky, succeeds Mr. Granger at the head of the Post Office Department, We know less of this gentleman than of tithes of his associates hi the Cabinet. lie came into Con gress in the early part of General Jackson's admiuistra fts-his political frictd . tind - supportcr. Disgusted, however, with the usurpations and horribly corrnptidr.e of that admmistr,ition, Mr. Wickliffe soon left the JaC!:- on ranks, and has since been acting with the Whigs in the local politics of Kentucky. Ile is a man of energy and ability, and is understood to be rather opposed to Mr. Clay. lie cannot make a better Post-master than Frank Granger ; but we trust he will make as good. Such, with Daniel Webster at its head, is the new Ca ! binet of President Tyler. It is strong in character and talent, and thoroughly Whig in its principles. The op position, therefore, who have been laying " the inhering unction to their souls" that they were to gain by the change they have been labouring, with certain conspira tors in our own ranks, to produce, are doomed to bitter disappointment. And in regard to such a Cabinet, with characters and capacities such as lots been briefly sketched, what is our duty ? Deeply as we lament the course which the President has pursued on the Bank question, we can nevertheless perceive no good reason for giving countenance to opposition to his administra tion, with such a Cabinet. A ROW IS CONGRZSS. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE :3. Thursday, Sept. 9. The House went again into Committee of the whole. Mr. Cushing hoped the amendment of the Senate ould rot be agreed to. Mr. McKeon hoped the amendment would be adopted. Mr. Cushing replied, and was followed by Messrs. Wise, Adams, Ingersoll and Stank- ; the latter making some remarks which reflected on 3,1 r. Wise, that gentle man moved to the seat of Mr. Stanly, when they were soon engcged in a personal encounter, Mr. Wise striking •the first blow. The Speaker having resumed the Chair, and order being restored, 11Ir. Wise got up and said that he rose, perfectly cool, to make acknowkdgmentS to the House for having vio lated its dignity, and asking its pardon, submitted him self to the infliction of any punishment which its judg ment ini;:ht dictate. He had suffered his feelings to overcome him, on the utterance of a word front the gentleman of North Carolina, which he could nut brook, either in this House or elsewhere, and had struck him. He had gone to his seat to remonstrate with him. Mr. Stanly said the gentleman had not attempted to remonstrate with him, but had attempted to browbeat him, as he dues every one who dares to differ with the high-souled He began to warn me. I told him I wanted none of his warning. He asked me to go out with him. I told him to go himself, I wanted no thing to do with him. He said that what I had said placed me beneath his contempt. I told him he was a liar—with that he attempted to strike me, but he failed ; and if the House had riot interfered, I would have given him that punishment which his insolence deserved. He (Mr. Stanly) would ask no pardon of the House, and if he was in the position of the gentleman from Virginia he would resign, or submit to the punishment of the House in silence.' Mr. Ingersoll was not acquainted with the mode of proceeding in such cases, but offered a resolution that a Committee be appointed to inquire into the circumstances attending the affair, and to recommend such punish ment as they might think proper. Mr. Andrews hoped the resolution would not be adopted, as it was found at the last session, when such an affray had occurred, that they could not agree on a salutary and proper punishment. He would therefore more to lay the resolution on the table, and move farther that Henry A. Wise be immediately expelled from the floor of the House. Mr. Hopkins moved the previous question on Mr, Ingersoll's motion, which was seconded, and his resolu tion was agreed to. The Committee was ordered to consist of seven members. A more minute account of the " scene," is given by the reporter of the Intelligencer, as follows : While Mr. Fillmore was in the midst of a sen tence, the reporter (who had' noticed Mr. Wise cross over to the seat of Mr. Stably, and had observed those two gentlemen in conversation, apparently of a very excited character) saw Mr. Wise raise his hand violently, and aim a blow at the face of Mr. Stanly, who as instantaneously met or returned it. A violent fight followed, and in less time than it can be described in this report, a scene of mingled uproar and fight, such as the reporter in many years' experience has never witnessed on the floor of the House, ensued. Messrs. Wise and Staid . ) , were lost to the sight of the reporter in the general rush, while Mr. Arnold, of Tennessee, and Mr. Butler, of Ken tucky, were noticed in a violent personal struggle, striking at and grappling pith each other. Mr. Dixon 11. Lewis and Mr. Gilmer, and others, were seen in the midst, endeavouring to .quell the disturbance, which had now reached a point at which it seemed impossible to arrest its progress. The members had rushed from all parts of the hall, some rushing over and others standing upon the tables, literally piling themselves one on the other, and several canes were seen by the reporter raised up as if in the act of striking. The Speaker dprin g thi s t i me had resumed the chair' in formally, but no one paid the least regard to his voice, and he called in vain on the officers, none of whom were observed by the reporter, with the exception of the door keeper, who was endeavouring to close the doors and windows against the crowd from without, who attempted to rush within the hall. The general melee (of which the reporter was taking notes) continued from two and a half to three minutes. It then subsided, as it appeared, though by what direct process the reporter could not understand ; but he heard the voice of Mr. Wise, who had returned to his scat, ad dressing the chair. •- - - THE ATMOSPHERIC RAIELWAY. For several months past a portion of the Birmingham, Bristol, and Thames Junction Railway, the project of which is now abandoned, has been the scene of continual experiments, performed' with a view to ascertain the Practicability of a new system for propelling carriages along a line of rail. The force employed for this purpose is simply that of atmospheric Dressure, and of the mode in which this force has been rendered available by the inventors, as seen in the specimen of their apparatus laid down for the space of half a mile at Wormwood Scrubs, we will • endeavour to give a brief description. Be tween the rails - upon which the carriages move is laid a continuous cylinder of cast-iron, having all the appear ance of a common gas or water main ; within this tube, which is interney coated with a greasy preparation, a piston attached to the leading carriage of the train is fitted air-tight ; and the slanting iron plate which esta blishes the connection between the piston rod and the carriage passes through a longitudinal and flexible valve, forming the upper portion of the main. Now, it is evi dent that the carriage being in this position, if a vacuum be formed in that part of the tube which is before the piston, the air, which gains admittance behind it through that portion of the valve opened by the iron plate alluded to, will force the piston forward, and with it the entire train. This vacuum is produced in the tube by means of an air-pump communicating with it, and worked by a stationary engine. It is proposed that when the system is extensively applied, the tube should be divided into sections of suitable length fur exhaustion. and separated by a peculiar kind of valve, constructed for the purpose ; it will therefore be necessary that a separate engine be stationed at each of these intervals throughout the road, and which have been determined at 2i or 3 miles. The longitudinal valve which forms the upper part of the main, and portions of which are continuously • raised as the carriage travels, is bedded in a composition of bees' wax and tallow ; and as the carriage moves on, a heated tube runs over this composition, and seals the valve hermetically after the passage of the piston ; so that when the carriage moves from one section of the tube to another, that which it leaves behind remains air-tight, and is again fitted for exhaustion. We were recently present at the performance of some experiments on the apparatus in question, on which occasion the carriage travelled over the portion of the rail laid down, which, as we have said, extends to half a mile, with the most perfect ease, and, notwithstanding the rough and irregular manner in which the rails are laid down, was propelled at a maxi mum speed of3o miles an hour. To give a notion. of the time w hich would be occupied in producing a suffi cient 'vacuum in three miles of tube, the proposed length of each section, we will state that from a barometric gauge in the engine-house, a vacuum equal to 171 inches of mercury was obtained in one minute; a distance of' three miles could, therefore, be exhausted in about six minutes. having given a rough idea of' the principles of this new system and of their application, it may be as well to glance at the advantages which, according to the statements put forth by the patentees, will accrue from the adoption of their stlem.-2, These they sum up in two - important words " economy and safety." The first assertion they make out by very plausible esti- mates ; and the second is grounded, first upon the physical impossibility of a 'collision occurring, since the motive power cannot act in two directions at the sam e ti me t and second , upon the fact that a train cannot get off' the rail, as the leading carriage is firmly. attached to the piston, which travels in the pipe between the rails, and that, as no engines travel with the train, accidents from fire or explosions can never occur. It need be no wonder if a project which promises such advantages as these has hitherto met but with little no tice, as the very men who are likely to have their awn don attracted to it, namely, railway- proprietors and engineers, are those whose interests it appears mostly to threaten, and w ho accordingly have generally treated it with ridicule. Of lute, however, Mr. Pine, the trea surer of the Dublin and Kingston Railway Company;has taken up the subject with great energy, and has pub lished a letter addressed to Lord 'Homed), setting forth the merits of the invention, and proposing that as there appt ars to be some intention of establishing a system of railways in . lrcland, it should, under the protection of the Government, receive a fair trial upon an extended line, with a view, if found successful, of adopting it tviiich, as the traffi c i s not through ou t t h at country , to considerable, railways with a single track would be found amply sufficient. A scheme so plausible in appearance as this, holding forth a prospcct of so important an amelioration in rail way travelling., and against which no valid objectli as have hitherto been raised, does indeed seem to call for a fair trial, by which its alleged merits may be attested or confuted.—Y'imes. Amongst the sporting feats performed in the of Scotland thi s season, we are informed that )i I so celebr a t e d b y S i r 11. Davy in his S i gt ato llll le' lo w 4sahon were kill e d angling betwe en th e 10th of March and the 14th o f J uly, by J. Young, super htendant of the fishings, durin g hi s f ew spare hours ; and by Mr. St. George G ore , w h o rents Sir-Francis Mackenzie's fshings and s h oot i ng there, 152 salmon and liil l l : e ;t il i s a 7 , rrilsc, between the 15th of July and the 10th of August. GOOD ADVICS —Keep out of bad company. for the chance is that when the devil fires into a flock he will hit somebody. MA GA Z INE DA Y. CZ: WOOD'S 11L-IGAZ/XE. One would almost imagine it impossible, at this time of day, to say anything novel or inter esting on thesnbject'of Homer; yet the Author of " Homer and the llomeride has written , a very ingeniou s an d readable essay on this trite theme. After some lively allusions to the famous river Nile, the doubtfulness of whose source he compares to the obscurity that hangs over the great epic poet of old Greece, hs proceeds to 'speak of the theory of Wolf, that the Homeric poems were not the production of one, but of many minds; and adds that this theory is still upheld by several eminent European scholars. How this may be, we know not; but for our own part, we cling to the orthodox faith, and hold that the Iliad and the Odyssey were the work of one and the same individual. They could no more have been a joint production, than " Ham let" or " Paradise Lost;" and it needs only to read them with attention, and mark the cha racter of their descriptive touches, to see that such is the case. it is easy enoug h to i mag i ne one Homer ; but to imagine a dozen or more, all imbued with the same poetic spirit, and exhi biting it in precisely the same manner, is an absurdity to be repudiated by all but a German Commentator, who, though he may possess pro found learning, is apt to be a very way Ward and fantastic critic. " Vanities in Verse" are by Mr. Simmons. They are carefully and gracefully penned, especially the p oem on " H o ly cross Abbey." " Ambition : a'Farce" is rather a se rious affair —very unlike Mr. Horace TWiss's tragedy of the . " Carib Chief,"%vhich is one of the drollest farces we ever read : lii " England and her European Allies". there is one sagacious re mark —namely, that " the most likely source whence danger to England and the other States of Europe may arise, is France, in her present anomalous .and unsettled condition." The state of France is indeed just now as precarious as it was previous to the Revolution of 1830. There is a feverishness about her that indicates a very disordered state of health, and no one can tell how soon she may break out into open insurrec tion. The refusal of juries to convict on the most flagrant libels ou the Royal authority, is a truly ominous symptom. Speaking of the Em peror Nicholas, the at.cthor says t h at " i n h i s public capacity as a monarch, he has conducted himself with so much enlightened humanity and justice, that his alliance is a great honour to whatever people possess it." The decimator of Poland—the ruthless, inexorable tyrant, who, in his thirst for vengeance, waged war even against helpless Polish i n f anc y, i s certainly an Idly of whose " enlightened humanity" a free country, like .England, has r ea son t o b e proud ! "Brigh ton" is a lively rhymed squib, from which we quote a few stanzas : So, this is your summer To meet a new-comer ! The sky.'s black enough to benight one. From Mondays to Mondays, (Above all on Sundays,) It pours down its deluge on Brighton. If I walk on the cliff From the sea comes a Whiff, That whirls off my hat though a tight one ; If I stroll through the streets, Every soul that one meets Looks like a drowned weasel, in Brighton. If I stir in the day I'm half buried in clay, And, 'twixt 'sand, salt, and chalk, I'm a white one ; If I slip out at night, Not a glimpse of gas-light • The temiA.•sts will suffer, in Brighton.. If I ride on the Do . wns A hurricane frowns I'm off, 'tis quite useless to fight one ; On one of those days I fairly miss'd stays, And came by the life-boat to Brighton. For my dreams of gay gambols, My waterside rambles, Serenades, promenades, to delight one ; With an old telescope In my window I mope, From sunrise to sunset in Brighton. Then, as for the shows, I see none but wet clothes, Umbrellas, and faces dint fright one ; Fat squires with lean daughters, .13y salt and spa waters All come to be plump'd up in Brighton. Pray, what's the. Pavilion ? An elephant's pillion, A bungalow, (that name's the right one,) So ashamed to be seen That it's hid from the Steine- , It looks like the Bedlam of Brighton. For concerts and halls We have nothing but squalls, Not even a raffle to bite one Our songs are all psalms, Our feasts arc all qualms, Our mirth is all mourning.at Brighton. " Three Nights in Berlin" is a passable prose tale. The " W or ld o f L on d on " co ntai ns severa l just, though not very encouraging', reflections. We have been struck with the truth of this re mark :—" If you are a scholar, that is to say, a poor scholar, go from door to door among the cabins of' Ireland, whe re you w ill be receiv e d with universal sympathy a nd respect; but of all curses, avoid the cursed indignity you meet with in London, wher e th e ruf fi an i sm o f i n s o lent and vulgar wealth knows no restraint—no decency —no shame— and where every cad with his pocket full of silver, is more respectable than you, while his pocket is full. London is a trad ing-place, and if you come to London to live, you must be a trader." Yet there are generous spirits, even in this trading metropolis, by whom scholarship is treated. " with honour due ;" but these are chiefly to be found among the Well educated members of the learned professions, with whom the study of time ledger is not Vie sole duty of existe nce . " Notes of Travel" are hastily but cleverly dashed off; and " Prospects under the Peel Ministry" are just what might have been anticip a t e d f rom the hi g h T ory cha racter of Maga. FRASER'S MAGAZINE. In discussing " Sir Robert Peel's claim to the confidence of the clergy "—a question which is treated at considerable length in the Number before us—the writer is of opinion that the time has arrived when the clergy ought to forgive the Right Hon. Baronet fbr his apostacy on the Ca tholic question, and he among the foremost to rally round him. That the parsons will rally round Sir Robert, there can be little or no doubt ; he has too many good things to give away, and too much power in his hands, to be neglected by them with impunity; besides, he is strictly orthodox, and agrees with them in his notions as regards the Dissenters; nevertheless, though the clergy may support him, from politic motives, to the utmost, of their abilities, they will never, in their hearts, forgive him for his .conduct in 1529. The " Great Hoggarty Dia mond," is the continuation of an amusing narra tive, which was commenced last month in F raser . It is ,from the pen of Michal Angelo Titmarsh—one of the liveliest pet iodical writers of the day, who wields a ready and vigorous pen, and often reminds us of O'll :Away, whom he appears to be fond of imitating, though without servility. An Essay " On Macbeth" will inte rest, despite the threadbar e na t ure o f t h e topic. Macbeth," says the writer, " is in every re spect the most dread drama that was ever yet composed. Throughout it is addressed to the lintellect and the senses—never to the heart. Terror and horror uniformly prevail over pity." We do not altogether agree with this dictum, for in one of the most remarkable scenes in the " Notes play—that, we mean, where the Usurper receives Election" is sad tidings of his wife's death, and soliloquizes on his own forlorn condition, without a friend on earth to a t l o le t m be care for him, the appeal—and a most touching stuff. " Sir David Wilkie and his Friends" gives some particulars respecting the earlier )ortion of this distinguished painter's career. one or two of the anecdotes are entertaining enough, and not a few are mere twaddle, as where the writer assures us that Wilkie was nearly going mad with nervous excitement, in conse quence of his incessantly repeating a humorous couplet, which he found by chance in Peter Pindar ! In the "Journal of an Autumn in the Country" occur some ingenious critical remarks on the Poems of the Quaker, Green --a man who has lately fallen into very unmerited neglect. Green was a poet of decidedly origi na l Powers, and possessed a vein of quaint humour, which distinguished him from all the Other writers of his day. His felicity of expression, too, was re _ markable. In this respect he las not surpassed, even by Herrick. "Budget of a Blue-jacket" is a sketchy narrative of the 'Prince de Jni nv ill e l s late voyage to St. Helena, whither, it may be remembered, he went, for the purpose of con - ••• to veying Napoleon's ashcb France. We subjoin the sketch of Longwood, at the thne of the party's arrival there : Alter having traversed a thicket of underwood, as triste in appearance as the soil wit,: arid, we arri ve d at Long wood. 'Fite two Lilts which form jhe entrance are i n the same state of dilapidation as the day o n which the Emperor arrived. 13etw•cen these huts and the mansion space of about 800 - fOet; formerly planted w i t h gum trees. Such as were anciently to the left of the road have been either replaced by re-tree 4 or Lave been 'wholly grubbedup. Long'.'ao Mansion consists of a very low-ground -floor, the rooms of which are few, small, 'doubt ` less a n d h um id. Th e ir lugubrious aspect was doubt less som ew h a t, though not much, mitig ated ' when they were furnished and inhabited by. the Emperor. Long wo,Al is now completely unfurnished. The Prince was the first to mount the few steps which lead to the apart ments formerly occupied by Napoleon. His Royal High ness and all of us (the English who accompanied us in ' eluded) took off their hats in entering. General Be:- trand and some of his companions in exile came and stood by the side of the Prince ready to answer his questions, put their bearing was sad and mournful. A profound silence reigned amongst us. The view from the windows disclosed only stabl7s and out-houses. The destruction visible all around had not been caused by the tooth of Time : it arose from the neglect and careless ness of man. The chamber in which Napoleon breathed his last sigh—that sacred spot which a religious respect should for ever protect—that spat - on which his dying limbs reposed—on which Bertrand and the faithfrl Mar chau on glancing at it exclaimed- 7 " He lay there—his head turned towards this side ;"—this sacred chamber is now no more than a mere barn ; the ceiling in ruins ; the floor rotten ; the wall s d am p, d ecrep i t , and full of holes, and the place wbere his bedstead furniture stood is occupied by a corn-mill ; the panes are shivered to atoms ; the window-sashes are rotting away or alto gether destroyed ; and the door hangs t o th e dil a pid ate d wall but by a single hingi ! Our silence still continued; not olio amongst us appeared anxious to break for our sobs.stified the power of speveh within us. On the spot where the chimney-glass once stood we read a mul titude of narne*and of inscriptions in honour of the hero. Opposite the Emperor's bed, there was formerly placed a bust and a portrait of the King of Rome, that poor youth who also died in another exile. Now nothing of this remains—absolutely nothing. NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE. One of the best likenesses we have yet seen of the late Theodore Houk, -appears - by way of frontispiece to this Number, and is accompanied by a biographical sketch, from which it appears that he was fir a short period at Oxford, which we were not previously aware of, ".where he was matriculated and nearly rejected at the same time, from his over willingness to subscribe to the Thirty-nine Articles—' Oh; aye, to Forty, if you choose,' he said ; ' a latitudinarianism that somewhat shocked the grave Master ofSt. Mary's Hall." . On quitting. the University, Hook sup ported himself for some years by writing farces and melodramas for the stage; and during this period he was, of course, a frequent visitor to the green-room, .where he distinguished himself by his wit, and, above all, by his practical jokes, of which he was as fond as ever were Tiekell or Sheridan. The following are a few of his green room pranks : It was during the performance of these pieces that Hook naturally became a constant frequenter of the green-rooms of the different theatres ; and those who had then the privilege of the entree to the couLises can never forget the fun Which his presence produced. The entertainment behind the curtain was fully equal, if not superior, to that enjoyed by the audience before it. Never shall we forget the effect produced upon Dowton and the other actors on the stage during one of the serious scenes of a sentimental comedy of the day, by Hook's possessing himself of the livery coat of one of the under performers, and with a tragedy strut marching on to the stage to present a letter to Dowton, who; taken by surprise at the sight of the new performer, equld not utter a word, while the rest of the actors were convulsed • with laughter. We remember likewise one night during the performance of Monk Lewis's. melodrama of One o'Clx:R., or the Wood Demon, that Hook having found that there was a second speaking-trumpet in the pro perty-room,. possessed himself of it, and placed himself in the flies. When the demon roared into speaking trumpet No. I, "My prey —my prey," Hook, with speak ing -trumpet .No. 2, continued the speech and the same voice, " RI. lan devilish hungry," to the great astonish ment of the audience. This freak, however, drew down the serious anger of the manager, who threatened to expel the delinquent, but contented himself with locking up the second trumpet as a partieeps criminis. Theodore Hook's career as a novelist is well known. He was one of the most prolific writers of fiction of the day, skilful in bringing out the odd, humorous points of character, but invaria bly deficient in sentiment, which he never at tempted without incurring ridicule. We sub join the biographer's concluding remark: on this distinguished wit : We will venture to assert that no tan wits of the pre sent day ever said so many things worthy of remem brance as Hook. Had he been blessed-with a Boswell friend, what a book might be made ,of the good things which fell from his lips to create bursts of admiration, or roars of laughter, and to be detailed by the hearers at other tables on succeeding days. All Hook's early days were not however passed in fun—sOme of them were devoted to sentiment. Ire had two serious attachments, and if either of them had ended as he wished them to end, hook might have been a different man in some points, and still the delight of his numerous friends. One of them was the beautiful daughter of a retired actor, whose suppers in those days were celebrated for the wit which sparkled at the table—and the other was the (laughter of a gallant deceased General whom he had met during a visit at Taunton. The former was afterwards married to a member of a noble house, and still lives the ornament of the circle in which she moves; and the latter became the wife of one of our celebrated legal character:l, who has since been Solicitor-General and a Judge, «Ld has now been dead some years. Taunton will long remember the period of this courtship, for his mad pranks and his facetious sallies kept the whole town alive during the time he was one'of its deni zens. " A Tale of a Trumpet," is a lively poem from the pen of the new Editor, Thomas Hood. It cm) tains some smart, satirical hits, but, as a who!e, reads off rather languidly. " Phincas Quiddy " is a continuation of Mr. Poole's new novel. The shrewd, heartless, matter-of-fact character of the vulgar-minded hero is sketched with a pen .of caustic power, and bids fair to be one of the author's most successful delineations. " Gra- . duates and Undergraduates", is a tale the truth and force of which will at once be recognised by all who are acquainted with University habits. " Foreifin Sporting," by Nimrod, is tedious and wiredrawn. The style, however, is manly and unaffected, as is the case with all Mr. Apparley's writings. In the essay on " Country-towns," Mrs. Gore throws off several just and pointed remarks. How true is the following Country townsare daily los ing their physiognomy. The surface becomes smoother and smoother, like that of our current coin, till, by the evenness of the superficies, the value is lessened. It may be doubted whether they alter for the better. A man may cease to he the yeoman, without be com i ng th e gent l eman. Superficial polish is often acquired, when the nature is not intrinsically improved. The hearti ness of the country disappears, but the Politeness of the capital lags behind." The " Suicide's Burial" is un affecting story that makes i ts sure way to the heart by the simplicity- with which it is narrated. " A Reminiscence of an 'lrish Squire" will please /those who are content With good-humoured mediocrity. DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE. Among the reminiscences of " Charles O'Mal ley, the Irish Dragoon" contained in this Num ber, we find a touching account of his return to his uncle s house, after a long absence on the Continent, which he reaches just in time to see the funeral procession of hii relative moving away from the door. His reflections on this subject evince much true feeling; and we have been pleased with the following remark :—" For the loss of those in whom our dearest affec tions were centred, there is no solace; the ter rible never' of the grave knows no remorse ; and even memory, that in our saddest hours can bring bright images and smiling frees be flme us, calls up here only the departed shade of happiness. The desolation of the heart is never perfect till it has felt the echoes of a last farewell on earth, reverberating within it." In the article headed " Letters from the Coast of Clare" occur several racy descriptive touches. "A Proposal for the Reconciliation of the Protestant and Roman Catholic Churches" is recommended only by its extreme t , implicity. It is the suggestion, it seems, of an Irish parish priest, who, when he can preVail on the wolf to lie down with the lamb, and the fox to- sport in playful ,fellowship with the denizens of the poultry yard, will stand some chance of effect ing a reconciliation between the two antagonist churches. Till . th en hi s proposition must be content to rank among the dreams of a Utopian visionary. From the " Last of our Poetic Gar lands' we quote the following pleasing sonnet:— The wood 'wind-shaken, and the lofty mountain Dark shapes, that hover round each mist-wreathed • height : Lone glen, wild waterfall, and rippling foafitaia The majesty and mystery of night Blend in one mingled spell. All heaven is bright With stars unnumbered, through the blue profound, Calmly revolving in unvarying round, Speaking of peace supreme, eternal might. And cans't thou gaze on all this splendid scene, Nor feel within a consciousness sublime Of something greater than the eye hath seen? Something unchecked by space, unworn by time That pants from earth, and earth's vain dreams to fly, And find its mate and home in yon blue sky. TAIT' S MAGAZINE. The great question of 44 What will Sir Robert Peel do ?" is discussed by Tait this month .with considerable animation. He comes, however, to no clicering conclusion, for he says—" The truth is, poor Sir Robe r t i s hi mse lf as much at a loss about what he is to do, or more correctly, about what he may be able to accomplish, as any one of the guessers. lie has surrounded himself with a Cabinet, some of whom are as difficult to drive in the r:gilit direction as Tipp erary pigs. Sir Robert Peel's best hope, at present, seems the old Whig trust the Chanter of Acci dent; the unknown something that l may arise which h e craves." during th e resp it e then goes on to show that agitation - must neces sarily increase; and that as this is the chief ele ment of popular freedom, he trusts it will be kept up.with spirit, but in _a. constitutie,nal• manner, until there shall ho a large extension of the suf frage, gradually embracing all, and a pure elec toral system. The article is well, and in places, ibrcibly written, but there is not that un compromising sturdiness about it, that we should have expected, from so stern and zealous, a Radical as Tait. The manifest duplicity of the Tories has not sufficiently stirred his bile. He condescends to keep terms with them; hopes that they will "respect public opinion," and that " under the guidance of Peel, and the pressure of necessity, they may extinguish some of the grosser monopolies." A " Cry for Bread," is a poem whose_ sentiment is better than its versifi cation, which halts sadly at times; we prefer, therefore, to quote the " ConQuerors, a Glance at History,' wherein a melancholy truth is thus insisted on : They like meteors through the rack, Flinging brightness round their track— A purple glory, such as streams From tropic sunshine's parting beams, Mantling the waste at daylight's close With richest blush of Eastern rose. Go, studying lump of breathing clay, And scan millenniums pass'd away ; And o'er the waste of perish'd years, What worth thy ardent gaze appears ! What but the great mankiller's power, The splendours of the conquering hour Who heeds the wreck of' human joy When conquering satraps shout, " &stn.)? 1" And what's the worth of million groans, Of flaming, towns, and rorish'd thrones ; But added ruby light to fling Around the forehead of a king. With kindling eye and throbbing heart, Go thread the maze of history's chart ; Track ago on age of glory, bright With battle's wild and bickering light ; And what amid the blaze appears! One conqueror girt with million spears ! Earth, with its mountains and its floods, Luxuriant plains, and waving woods, Its sunlight, and its thaasand springs, Its myriad haunts of living things, Is but a scene where wildering plays, Of victory' light, the lurid blaze. From Nimrod, seek to Zenghis Khan, The mystery of life in man ;. From Irak's p ro ph e t searc h ye on To myriad-starred Napoleon; And own 'tis folly closed in death, The sport of every conqueror's breath. Historian, what the boon so vast, On human kind thou lavished bast ? Is it that o'er a nation's name Thou fling'st some mighty felon's fame? And o'er the duet of empires blent, Thou rear'st a Ciesar's monument ? The " Fairy Surprised" is a pleasing story, told with that unaiii?eted earnestness which wears the impress of truth. A young man meets a, beautiful girl at a fancy ball at Salisbury, dressed in the costume of the fairy queen Titania; on: quitting her presence that night, he does not meet her again till five years have elapsed, and she has ripened into a lovely six cimen of womanhood ; he then renews his acquaintance with her; reminds her of their first chance meeting at the ball, which she has long forgotten ; awakens an interest in her heart; and. while telling her one day a dream lie had the previous night, becomes so suddenly overpowered by his emotions, that in the agita-, tion of the moment he raises her hands to his lips, while she, in the most charming and natural manlier possible, sinks into his arms.. Of course, they are soon after married, and the author takes leave of them at the church door, leading us to i. fer that they were as happy as the day is long. " Chapters on English Poetry" contain some sound criticism on the merits of Moore, Keates, Crabbe, and o th ers . O ne on the difference be tween Crabbe and Elliott, the Corn-law Rhymer, is pal titularly felicitous. " Amenities of Literature" is a notice, interspersed with copious extracts of Mr. D'lsraeli's latest and most elaborate piiblication. UNITED SERVICE JOURNAL. Among the most interesting papers in the pre sent Number is one entitled "The Confessions of a Spy," in which a minute account is given, evidently by one who was on the spot at the time, of the state of Paris during the Reign of Terror, and particularly towards the close of Robespierre's career. Though we have narra tives in abundance of this extraordinary period, yet • it is one which will never lose its interest, so dramatic was its character, so strange were the actors, and so crowded was everyday with startling events. The "British Colonies con sidered as Military Posts," is an article replete with serviceable inf orma ti on ; an d of the " Cam paign against Meheinet Ali" we may say that it tells pleasantly what has been told a dozen times already. SPOI?TING MAGAZINE. In the Number before us, we have two cle verish engravings, one, "A D ay w i t h t h e Phea sants;" and the other a pretty sylvan sketch re presenting Sir Henry IVotton's fishing-seat near Datchet, where old Izeac Walton used to be a frequent and a favourite visitor. The literary contents arc of the usual calibre, and the most acceptable paper is " A Sportsman's lteeollec dons of the Woods and . Waters of Canada." METROPOLITAN MAGAZINE. Mrs. Trollope's "Blue Belles of Eng'hind" is here continued. There is little in the story to interest, and still less in the dry, hard manner in which it is told. The present chapters are specially dull. " Tales of the Pump -room" are told with vivacity ; a little judicious abridgment, however, would not have been amiss. " Auto- Biographical Sketches " furnish us with some pleasant reminiscencies of James Hogg, espe cially of the splendid literary dinner that was given to him by his admirers at the Freemason's Tavern, on the occasion of his visit to London. Mrs. Crawford, the authoress of th ese ` c Sketches," who is an enthusiastic admirer of the Ettrick Shepherd, says, "Greatly as I ad mire Burns, who sprang from the same ranks as Hogg—the one a ploughman, the other a shep herd—l cannot but feel that the latter is by far the more surprising man of the two. The lan guage of Burns has strength and energy, and often melts into pathos, but it is frequently rude and unpolished, the rhythm lame, and the rhymes still more defective. The diction of Hogg, on the contrary, is fervid, poetical, and elegant in a high degree, and his versification harmonious and complete." " Acting on Sus picion" is an agreeable story, which inculcates a useful moral. ST" ATISTICAL ACCOUNT OF SCOTLAND. No. 33. T his Part includes the account of the twelve parishes of the island of Shetland and a part of the county of Renfrew. The population of Shetland is 'about 30,000, and appears to be decreasing. A great number of the young a n d a bl e -bodied men have left the country, and the consequence is, that in many parishes the women are in proportion to the men as two to one. In some parishes the mode of supporting the poor is singular. Each parish is divided into districts, and a pauper is appointed to each, who resides a given number of days in the house of one fitmily, or receives a certain al lowance for maintenance. There appears to be no compulsory asseF:sment. The statistical ac count of Greenock will be read with interest on account of the great increase of the trade in that thriving sea-port within the last half century, and also as being the birth-place of the cele brated and amiable James Watt, the improver of the steam-engine. THE DOMESTIC DICTIONARY Part 111. This little family b oo k , which will be com pleted in ten monthly parts, contains much - in- Prench as well as Eng formation on cook ery, lish, with numerous, instructions for making pickles, jellies, sauces, wines, Sz.c. It serves the purpose both of a recipel and cookery book, and the articles appear •to have been drawn up by one who is a judge of such matters. We do not profess to be connoisseurs in these arts, and will. therefore leave our readers to judge fur them selves from a specimen : Musmtoom C.yrsuP.—Having skinned and peeled the large field mushrooms crush theta into a pulp, adding a table-spoonf u l of salt to every quart of pulp : let them stand for a day and a night ; then pour oft' the clear liquor, and add to every quart about twenty cloves, thirty peppercorns, and the same quantity of allspice ; boil very gent l y for about half an hour ; then putlnto, bottles with the spices. Some persons add port wf_nr ; but thi s ra th er i n j ures tha.l improves the flavour, and Weetionable fur many sauces. A little mace . may b e added, but it is not essential. HEREFORD ELECTION. The Tories here could only get up 200 names to a. requisition to a resident gentleman of their politics, Mr. Edward Griffiths, of New -court, to come forward for the vacancy created here. Mr Griffiths, like a prudent man, knowing that this number 'did not much exceed one-fourth of the whole constituency, and did not reach within three, hundred and forty of that which voted at the last election for the present Liberal .Member, at once declined what he knew must prove a hopeless contest. Mr. :Hobert Puls ford, of Hyde Park-terrace, is canvassing- with every prospect of success on the Liberal side. In his canvass he is accompanied by those popular gentlemen Sir Hobert Price, Arr. Kidgwin Hoskins, Mr. Bolton Clive, and Mr. Biddulph. ‘:`e have every reason to think that if Mr. Freshfield (Tory), who is mentioned as coming ' tin-ward, having already failed in so ninny attempts to get a seat in Parliament, he will be left in a minority of at least two hundred EVENING SUN WEST INDIES. • ' Her Majesty's packet Swift, Lieut. Douglas; arrived on Wednesday at Falmouth.' The following were her sailing dates :—From B ar b a d ooa A ugust 13, St. Lucie and Martinione 15, Dominica and Guudaloupe 16, Antigua 1 1 / 4 7, Mont serrat, N evis, and St. Kitt's 18, Tor tola 19, and arrived at St. Thomas's on the same day, where she remained for the Leeward Islands and Jamaica mails until September 5, when she left for England. To the date of her starting there was no intelligence of the arrival at Barbadoes of the follow ing packet, the Magnet. She has brought on freight about sixty thousand dollars ; and passengers, Mrs. Jeffers and family, Mr. Trot, Mr. Hope. Mr. M`Evoy, Doctor Phillips, and Signor Alliago. The House of Assembly at Jamaica was further prorogued by his Ex cellency the Governor, from August 30 to Octarber 5, by proclamation. It had boen mooted that the jurisdic tion of the Courts of Quarter Session should ho extended from 201. old currency to SOL sterling. Ills Excellency the Governor commuted the sentence of death, passed on William Young fur th': murder of a policeman, to transportation for life. We regret to state that our accounts from tho islands, particularly from Dotninica, Martinique, Guadaloupe, St. Kitt's, and Jamaica, represent the continued veva lence of sickness ; and among the deaths recorded we find that of the lady of the Lieutenant-Governor of Dominica. Letters from Trinidad demonstrate the proskrity of ; that island and an assuranu is afforded of, at least, 5,000 hogsheads of sugar being realised next season be. yond that of the past. By the arrival of the Jane, at Kingston, Jamaica, front Carthagena, we are" informed that the rebel General Cormona still besieged that place. The Jane reports, that on reaching her destination she made for a small harbour in the vicinity, named San Domingo, where she landed her cargo without any obstruction ; but that the Little William, which followed her from this port, made direct for Boca Chica, where she was laid hold of by Carmona's gun-boats. Fortunately, however, her Majesty's schooner Pickle was in sight, and went up to her relief. Carmona made :ome how of resistance, Int did not venture an attack, and the Pickle bore her off in safety. On Sunday night, when the Jane left, the Su san, another venture from this port, was also going in to San Domingo, all well. Desertions were still taking place at Carthag,nnm, an d no faith or dependence was to be placed in eitlier party. The Government squadron had returned, as was ex pected, with another vessel—the Santander, which they fell in with at Zapote, taking in cocoa nuts on account of a Mr. Gregg ; and being u n d er C o l om bi an colours, they had press e d her into the service. - A French vessel of war had arrived from Santa Mar tha on the 12th. Hort:lichee had retired in disgust, a n gone to Rio le Hacha; Collaros still remained in Ocan Hernandez in the Savannahs, and Mande in rapayan with 600 m en , h emmed in by' Flores on one side, and Mosquera on the other. The sloop Jane Ann, Capt. Durant, sailed from Ja• maica on Aug. 24, for Carthagena, convoying important despatches (received by tne schooner Vcloz) from the Constitutional Governor of Rio nacho., to him of Car thwena' and also a small carg o o f to b acco, r i ce, and corn, for the use of the garrison. Another larger vessel will, we believe, sail within a few days, with an additional supply of provisions for the troops in Carthagena. The brigantine Jane, Capt. Robinson, likewise sailed on the next day for Rio Hacha, having on board th, , few butt dred stands of arms required by the Governor for tAo accoutrement of his forces. The accounts from Texas, by these papers, state that three Commissioners had arrived in San Antonio, front Mexico, for the purpose of proposing a suspension of hostilities between the two countries, and opening a direct trade between the Texan and Mexican provinces. This, it is considered, is all that is wanting to impel the voting Republic to the utmost state of prosperity with unparal leled rapidity. • President Lamar bad arrived at Galveston. It was generally understood that the object of his visit was to despatch Corn. Moore, with two armed vessels, to the coast of Mexico, to co-operate with the Yucatanese and Federalists against Vera Cruz, in consequence of the indignity lately offered Judge Webb, as minister. A large portion of the citizens of Vera Cruz, it is said, are friendly to the cause of the Federalists, and it is be lieved the province could be revolutionised with little difficulty. TURKEY. • (From the Augsburg Gazette.) Tahir Pacha menaces considerable changes when he gets back to Constantinople. He is to be Grqind Vizier himself, Halil Scraskier, whilst Reschid is to 'be restored to the post of Reis Effendi; Rizi to remain 74us/iir of the Palace. This is unlikely; but Reschid 'regains lose ground. He endeavours to win the priests'and the popu lar voice to him. The circumcision of his sons was cele brated with unusual splendour, and the richest presents made to the linait Ins. His salons at the feast thronged with. white •turbaned.ulemas. Reschid's 'carriage is now fre quently seen tt the gate of the Syhiek-el-lslatn and the liairaskere. Munn these caresses may tut succeed to bend the Iligh-p r i est ' s party. The old s) , stem is likely to triumph. For example, 111111 Mustapha Paella W U named military and civil governor of the island of Mi tylene, thus uniting military and financial authority against the provisions of Gulhane. The pin„gins caravan for Mecca has set oT, the Porte having given five mail lions of 'piastres for the expenses. The Emperor Minh Menh, of Cochin China, is dead. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. THIS DAY. TIMES.—Th e advances on stock which the Bank made yesterday, without previous notice, - have been the subject of much conversation in the City. There is no doubt that not only were advances made by the Bank broker, but that money could actually be had on stock from the Bank itself during a certain portion of the day. Such an operation, offering as it does the fullest encou ragement to speculations for a rise in the Funds, is in itself most illegitimate, be:. without a notice it is parti cularly blameable, as it shows a design to carry on a plan, almost in opposition to the notice last put forth. The Directors theraselves must have soon perceived the wrong course they had adopted, for the plan was soon given up, and even in the late part of yesterday money could not be procured by a deposit of stock, nor are any such means at hand to-day to relieve a pressure for money. Thus the whole remains a matter of great mys tery as to whether it was intended as an aid to the Trea sury, or as an operation of their own ; but whichever view is taken, it seems to place the Bank in an unsatis factory position. The Directors certainly ought not to have embarked in a transaction meant to supply the de ficiency in the subscriptions to the proposed conversion, unless they were quite sure of not being obliged to stop short in the middle of it, since, in so doing, it was cal culated to embarrass rather than to assist the Treasury. If they originated the advances for purposeS of their own, they are still less to be defended, for nothing is more fully admitted in banking affairs than that loans on stock ,by a Government Bank are not a strictly legitimate ope ration. To begin it, however, even if fora purpose of . their own, and then suddenly stop short, makes it something more than an error of judgment, and almost ridiculous. POST.—The advances made by the Bank, in connec tion with the Government measure for the reduction of the unfunaed debt are, we hear, li m i te d to parties who have sub icribed for the furnishing of Exchequer Bills. They are made upon the deposit of this class of paper until the operation shall he completed, so as to prevent the ready funds of subscribers from being unnecessarily locked up during the interval. Such an arrangement cannot be fairly complained of on the score of partiality or otherwise when the merits of it come to be properly understood. A circular has, it is understood, been sent to some of the Shareholders of a large Joint Stock Bank in the country, the management of which has been frequently animadverted upon of late, calling a special meeting fur s a a n i( e L a t r o ly d e day ter tni e o f b o j r c e c h t oh t such o m d e e e o t i f n p g r be eed e 1 , 1 g i t to be adopted at the annual general meeting of proprietors about to take place shortly. No comment need be made on this display of official cirmunspection. SUN. There was a heavier Market tbr Stocks to-daYt money continuing very scarce. The sooner the present Government issues the Scrip . for the new lit" :,1 1 , 1 : better, for at present all parties suffer from.. us eircumstam.a of 2() per cent. on each tender sent s deposit money beintg4locukbeldic up, , la w rg it e h . out a frortliy ee ni r ly . accommodatiun to tainly yields an interest to the subseaa'Lethros7l'l'4ll'rhn! other hand, if the Scrip were in the 31arket, went would derive all the benefit of the monecyb'.une i while the public would have the use of som e t range twain repre senting that money. Consols took the sal , to b By i to-day, viz., 88i to 89i forpreseut transLfelr, s. °" I to 13s. for Account. Exchequer Bills werdiseount, being pre mium, and India Bonds were heavy a t theshade N lower ew T h fo r r e e ca a e n l d ) a a d i i f a 98i to 98i. remained at . 2 23. to 22j: ; and Active Spanish Bonds 63_ and 66. Mexican Bonds ßnizi at 29. Portu at _art,and per tsl. were at 301 ; Danish at guese New Five l S w t rre k 801 to +, and Dutch Two- Share 3 pSett:occk2esi.irtese.eded to 246, an d accepted for some of the extent, and easier rtesv ruse from Gf istern brought the New 4, the Tho, bargains t - T :; c t l : w e per r C e e titots.a limited. t li ti n l i d Railways. Great \ ' e 7 t h e Thirds 21, the York and North Birmingham " South Western premium. The the 3lidland Counties 26, the Midland 26, a nd 4 t2 New 8, and the Birmingham :43 ii et is o c t e lsl t 'e tnt. Colonial Bank Shares were Loudon Joint-Stock J t-Stock 2 premium. aN ß n r od i r g tG l i t i t l t o tti de v s E . 5 to .51, and . . The Quarterly Review is r emar k a bl e for igno. Of the latter quality we gave a co and impudence. to promote the public happmess. Of choice ran specimen on Tuesday. That journal boldly recom as this is of its impudence. When -n tll e e n f d o s rn iu te o r re q p uali a tr tile first page of the journal as es proof, delivers a lecture, he requires but one single voice reads for all the auditory. In of cases the lecturer reads better and more one of his auditors, and certainly iabimeogeuprt strikingktretearset sttrTnli a .ad . aje : oh : iis s ttl3:a n any far better than the greater number of them. The dis course is more impressive than individual reading.; it serves for all who hear, and no copies more than one is required. Lecturing, then, is a great means of saving time and money, and of obtaining an improved instruc tion. The Quarterly Review is, however, ignorant of these effects, and therefore concludes that lecturing, to be beneficial, should be confined to lectures on subjects requiring the exhibition of plans, di:lol%lms. models, specimens, or e.xperiments. W to admire—the hapudenee, or the self-conceited ign orance of the Quarterly. e arc at a foss whi c h most on h T Tursday last. 'in ever y res p ec t a great iin• he new iron brid ge at N ewn b am was opened it is prevenient and ornament to that part of the town.— . Cambridge Advertiser. THE SUN, LONDON, SRI DAY, OCTOBER 1, 1841. 4 0 t to ft r' al ) " ,cts