The Sun. — London, England, 1841-02-18 00:00:00

EVEI447ING EDTTION. TO CORRESPONDENTS. An English mechanic may enter an American community by merely going to the United States. Residence and paying rates will give him all the political privilege 3 of the community in which be resides. The n an iscript sent from the Fleet Prison has been mis laid or destroyed. If a short statement of the princil al facts were torsvarded, we might find room for it, though the occurrence is,of an old date. Our Correspondents, who wish their manuscripts to be preserved, if not used, should state so in some conspicuous part of their letters. " THE CHINA SUN," Which wag lately _I'M-PUBLISHED, IS NOW Olc SALE. • Price SIXPENCE. Ord , ars received at The Sun Office, No. 112 Strstud. IN PROGRESS, THE RAILWAY SUN With a MAP of all the RAll WAYS in the United Kingdom; containing all the STA TIONS ort each Railway, and a great variety of Information and other particulars connected with Railways. THE CORONATION SUN, PRINTED IN LETTERS OF GOLD WITH A BEAUTIFUL PORTRAIT OF HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN, eau be sent by post free to all parts of the Em- pire. Price SIXPENCE. Sun Office; 112, Strand, London. Will be published on Monday next, 22d inst., price 1,, THE CONNEXION BETWEEN LAND LORD and TENANT, and TENANT and LA BOURER, in the Cultivation of the British Soil ; their Rights, their lltitres,and their Interests. By GEO. WEBB HALL. J. Ridgway and Sons, 169, Piccadilly. THE NEW NOVEL. THE MONEYED MAN; Or, THE LESSON OF A LIFE. - By HORACE SMITH, Esq., Author of " Brambletye House, " " Reuben Apsley," &c. IS NOW READ, in 3 vols. Homy Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street THE IMPORT DUTIES. Now ready, in Syo., price Half-a-Crown. A DIGEST of the EVIDENCE before the IMPORT DUTIES' COMMITTEE ; being the first, of a series of publications on the RESOURCES and STA TISTICS of the NATION. London : How and Parsons,l32, Fleet-street, COMPANION TO THE TOWER OF LONDON." THE FIRST PART of Mr. AINS WORTH'S NEW HISTORICAL ROMANCE, to la Completed, like the " Tower of London," in Thirteen Shilling Numbers, with Three Illustrations on Steel, and Wood-auts in each, and to be entitled WINDSOR CASTLE," will appear on the Ist of May. sold by all Booksellers and Newsmen. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. • UNDER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS THIS EVENING, FEB. 18. Will be acted the New Comedy, in Two Acts, entitled THE WHITE MILLINER. Lord Ortolan, Air. C. Mathews ; :ustice Twilight, Mr. W, Darren ; Robert Conirly t ,Mr. J. Vining ; Saul Sneezum, Mr, Keeley ;_ Lady Ortolan, Miss Cooper ; Albina , Madame Yes. tris ; Mrs. Mdlewpear, Mrs. C. Jone s ; etty Furbelow ; Mrs. Humby. After which, the New Farce, in One Act, entitled BROTHER BEN. Commodore Cutlass, Mr. Bartley ; Benjamin Bowles, Mr. Charles Mathews; Mr. Shuffleton, Mr. Harley; Dorothy, C. Jones. Ts conelude with The GRAND CHRISTMAS PANTOMIME, entitled THE CASTLE OF OTRANTO; OR, HARLEQUIN AND THE GIANT HELMET. Harlequin, Mr. C. J. Smith ; Clown, Mr. T. Ridgway ; Pantaloon, Mr. Mo••ili ; Columbine, Miss Fairbrother. Te-morrow, The Midsummer Night's Dream, with The New Pantomime. Doors to be opened at half-past Six—the performances to commence at Seven o'Clock. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d. ; First and Second Circles, ss. ; Second Price, 23. 6d. ; Pit, 3s. ; Second Price, 2e.; Gallery, Is. Tickets and places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Grogan, at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may as had upon application. Private Bolt, to be had soielv of Mr. Andr :ors, bookseller 167. New Bond-street. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Extraordinary triumph achieved—The present performances more attrative than ever, roars of laughter and shouts of applause attend the scene that caused the late extraordinary excitement in France. THIS EVENING, FEB. 18. Will be acted a Gniiid Histerical Romance, founded on and entitled THE TOWER OF LONDON. The Taioleaax Vivans, splendid Costume, and ♦ppointments from the Desi:ns of the celebrated George Critikshanks. After which will it repeated the Grand Traditionary Pantomime ; entitled HARLEQUIN AND MY LADY LEE; OR, GOOSEY GANDER AND THE SPELL-BOUND GOSLINGS. In which the astonishing and incredible evolutions of the Cask Vaulter will be given, as well as Brunning's Grand Dioramic Synopsis of Syria ; the Pantemimie Characters by the unri ♦alled Boleno Family; Mr. Sonthby, the Original Clown; Miss Sharpe, Columbine ; the astonishing Gysonastique, Signior Felix Carlo, from Franconi's, at Paris ; and the celebrated scene and duet between the Gallic Cock and the English Bull D.g. NEW STRAND THEATRE. GREAT SUCCESS! OPEN EVERY EVENING DURING THE WEEK. Everybody a.stonisbed at the wonders effected by the highly gifted Mr. JACOBS, the Royal Ventriloquist, Modern Ma gician, and English Improvisatore. The raptures of applause that accompany eAch part of the Entertainment is a sufficient proof of the amusement afforded. The Tricks, Transforma tions, and Illusions, surpass all ethers that have yet been pro duced. The Ventriloquism is introduced in such a manner that few can believe one individual capable of performing the whole of the characters heard by the audience ; and the Extern• poraueous Song pleasing in the extreme. Boxes, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, Is. 6d. ; Gallery, Is. Doors *pen at Seven o'clock, and commence at Half-past. Seeond price at a Quarter to Nine o'clock—Boxes, Is. 6d. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery, 6d. Mr. Seguin, 12, Regent-street, Pall Mall, is appointed s o le Agent for disposal of the Private Boxes. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TOMORROW. iferning......42 minutes after 0 1 Evening .—.. 4 minutes after 1. The Publication of die Evening Edition of Tim Sux core menced at 30 minutes after Three. ta4a 4:1 4. 44 t, , • ~02;/111'1%4 un. LONDON: THURSDAY, FEBRUP,RY 18, 1841. The distinction betw(,:en a disease and the pro per cure for it is trit,,and palpable ; and yet, in legislation, at appears to b e con ti nua ' Hy overlooked. Tefobody doubts, we believe, the existence ir e our large towns of a dense popula tion, deeply immersed in poverty, clothed in rags, inhabiting filthy dwellings, crowded in alleys, courts, or closes, crammed into damp and murky cellars, or piled story over story in close unventilated houses, the ground on which they are, built being imperfectly drained, and the free access of light and air being barred out by noisome though profitable buildings. This is a complex mass of evils, breeding alike physical and moral corruption, and engendering epide mics and plagues to spread over large portions of the community..-.-. Lord NORMANBY, and those who advise him, have jumped to the conclusion that the remedy for these evils is a Bill to com pel Individuals to drain the sites of buildings, to erect rooms not less than twelve feet square, with windows four feet nine inches in height, and that walls be founded on concrete. Now we demur to this conclusion ; we acknowledge the existence o the disease, but we doubt the utility of the re medy; we doubt, first . the propriety of legis lating on the matter at all, and next we doubt the wisdom of the specific enactment. We had occasion to mention in The Sun on this day week that, during the last sixteen years, at least, the attention of the Legislature has been continually directed to the condition of the poor. In fact, for a much longer period they have been the constant objects of its solicitude. We then also briefly adverted to the general results of its never-ending interference. We showed that the mass of the people were in the deepest poverty and distress; that wages were so low as not to be sufficient in many cases to support life ; and that crime had increased. In fact, the very evils which are now urged as a reason for more legis lation, are decisive proofs that former legislation has not been successful. The masses are de scribed—after the great exertions which lipve been made, and great expense which has beenifilcurred, building churches and prisons, providing work houses and transport-ships, to instruct, correct, reform, and elevate them—as plunged in filth and heathenism, and as placed in a condi tion, both Physically and morally, of most lamentable destitution. Without entering into details, and showing at length that prisons have not corrected the people--that Corn-laws have not given them abundance of work and high wages—that the increase of churches and of clergymen has not made them religious— we assert that this rough outline of the present condition of the masses, is an unan swerable proof that our legislation on this im portant matter has been and is a complete failure. The end sought has not been attained. That is for us a sufficient reason why we should pause and doubt whether more legislation—whether more of the physic that has already aggravated the disease—ouL•ht now to be administered. On Tuesday Mr. EMERSON TENNENT, in the debate on Mr. M. PHILLIPS' motion relative to machinery, admitted that the law on the subject had become utterly inoperative. It is therefore a complete failure by his admission ; and Mr. TENNENT is a gentleman who is very fond of law making, and is now busily engaged in carry ing forward at least two new laws. He said that our legislation of 1826, not of the last cen tury, was " imperfect or mistaken." That is, however, but a specimen of the great mass of our modern legislation. It is either imperfect or mistaken, utterly inoperative, or a complete failure ; and the difficulty is, not to find out a law, whether it be a penal or a civil enactment, which has failed, but to find out one which has attained the object proposed by the Legislature. Such being the general character of our legisla tion, we are disposed to pause even in the matter of drainage and ventilation, and to doubt whe ther the people can be most conveniently made cleanly, and habitations sweet, by Act of Par liament. Disease, we may observe, makes itself manifest to the most ignorant sufferer ; the ability to cure it is the rare gift of a few amongst a large class of highly cultivated and intelligent men. If, as is sometimes supposed, diseases vary from age to age, and assume different characteristics in dif ferent countries and at different times, baffling experience, it cannot be denied that the frame of man—the physiology of the body—are sub- ject to almost invariable laws, and are the same at all times and places. So far as form and structure are concerned, the number and shape of the bones, the situation of the various organs, the flow of the blood, and the action of all the great organs of the body, with the general ope ration of the senses, the whole human race seems fashioned on one type, or cast in one mould ; and the anatomist or physiologist, in studying an individual, becomes acquainted with nan in the abstract. The observations of HIP. POCRATES are extremely valuable to this day. The medical practitioner has only one standard type to deal with, and his knowledge of that is derived from the experience of all ages, and the variations from it which constitute disease may be known, classified, and studied. It cannot be said of society that there is of it one standard type. It is never the same or alike in any two communities. It is not even the same from year to year in the same community. It is of itself, therefore, a much more complicated and much less knowable subject than the hu man body and its diseases must be in propor tion much more difficult of cure. The prescrip tions, too, of this day, are intended to operate hereafter, when the condition may be totally different. But though the phenomena are infi nitely complicated, to study them is no man's special profession. No man is educated to cure the diseases of society. There is, in fact, no science of legislation. If, there fore, ability to cure the diseases of the body be the rare gift of a few successful medical prac titioners, how much more rare must be the gift of ability to cure the diseases of society ? But every man claims to be a legislator, and the Marquis of NonmANsy's Bill is, we believe, the suggestion of a few benevolent individuals, who never before tried their hands at law-making. On these general grounds of mistrust, and on these special, grounds we cannot place any confidence in the Drainage Bill. We think that measure comes before us with no other claims to our approbation than the bene volent intentions of its originators. But as the benevolent intentions of every man who advises us in illness, is no proof of his skill, and we do not take his advice, so we conclude that the benevolent intentions of the Marquis of NORMANBY and his Commissioners are by no means a guarantee of the utility of their legis lation. And when we look at their Bill, what do we find ? First, a clause to say it shall not be lawful to build a house without constructing a barrel drain of a certain size. This has no reference to situation, and applies equally to towns situated on a gravelly hill like Highgate, through which water freely percolates, and to towns situated like Lambeth, on a marshy bottom, which, unless drained, are absolutely uninhabitable. It must in some cases inflict a most unnecessary expense. To us it does not appear wise to apply a similar law to such places as Highgate and Lambeth, and each of these peculiar situations should be regu lated by its own peculiar circumstances. Passing by clauses to prescribe drains for houses already built, making new sewers, inspect ing drains, cleansing private drains, &c., for most of which we believe provisions are already made in the private Acts by which almost every large town in the kingdom is now governed, it enacts that houses are not to be built below the level of the ground without areas. We have seen some very good houses lately so built; and if it be convenient for the builder to place his foundations three or four feet below the sur face, why should Lord NoßmAxey prevent him? We know not the advantages and disadvantages of such a practice : does Lord NORMANBY, that he proposes to prohibit it ? Again, it says houses are not to be built in close alleys but another law now makes men crowd their dwellings to have as much room as possible to grow food. The walls, it says, are to be founded on concrete. What if a change in the timber duties should introduce a complete alteration in the style of building, and the walls were to be laid on timber ? Is this to be prohibited ? It prescribes the level of ground floors, against which the citizens of London have already resolved to remon strate. We have referred already to the size of rooms and windows, and it will be an endless source of vexation to ascertain that they are of the prescribed dimensions.' There are other provisions of the Bill, which are like this of needless minuteness, and which must be mere vexations, o render the law wholly inoperative. It is we believe quite impossible for any Legis lature to make such minute regulations for the conduct of individuals with success. It is no better than a revival of the old sumptuary laws, which every body con d emne d. B ut t h eir vexa tious nature and their inefficacy are not their principal faults. There is in human nature a great desire to improve. Workmen and others desire to h a ve better habitations. Th e i nter f erence of the law will act for them, and deprive th em o f the power of helping themselves. The law pro poses to make all clean, and places them all on a level. It will remove the filthy as well as those who desire to improve, from the contami nation of alleys, and take away from the well meaning the appropriate rewards of diligence. We object to it finally, that it makes the Legis lature too like a nurse of the people, and tends to degrade them to babies. Above all things, we think each man should learn to provide for himself, and rely on himself ; that he should look to his own exertions for his own happiness; and because all such laws supersede a man's own exertions, and substitute an enactment instead, we object to this law for draining land, and put ting an end to dwelling in cellars. We admit the existence of the evil, but we cannot praise the remedy. The debate on Mr. M. PHILLIPS' motion, on Tuesday, will have made our readers fully ac quainted with another anomaly of our commer cial law, and with another impediment which a most important branch of our industry labours under. At present machine-makers can carry their.skill •out of the country, but they must not export its. produce. There exists, however, a great demand for that produce in foreign coun tries, and the consequence is that the men expa triate themselves, England loses some of the most ingenious and industrious of her subjects, and they enrich other countries by their labour. A manufactory of machinery has lately been established at Hamburgh, of which the director is an Englishman, the workmen are Englishmen, the tools they use have been exported from England, and they work up English iron with coals brought from England. There is no part of the Continent of any manufacturing celebrity where English workmen, English tools, English machines, and English models, may not be found. Mr. TENNENT stated, that at Berlin last year he saw models of, or originals of, every com plex machine in use in England. It is impos sible, therefore, by our present law, and indeed by any regulations however stringent, to prevent the nations of the Continent from sharing all our mechanical advantages. Even if we had a Chinese wall around the country, and an armed flotilla of guarda costas on every part of the island, it could not be done; and much less can it be done, as long as our country freely permits foreigners to enter and depart, and entices trade from all quarters of the world. The smuggler defeats the present law. He would defeat, for an additional premium, any law, however stringent; and, laying aside our dog-in-the-manger policy, we ought now to consider how our superiority in making machinery, the blessed gift of Provi dence, can be rendered most advantageous to ourselves and others. Such, in fact, is the object for which Mr. PHILLIPS moved and obtained a Com mittee of Inquiry, and we have no doubt that the best mode of ensuring our own advantage, while we promote the prosperity of others, will be to permit our machine-makers freely to export the produce of their industry. The exportation of machinery is said now to be one of the most gainful trades carried on. The foreigners give a premium of 75 per cent. on its value to have it smuggled. The trade has increased under a partial law—which allows, amongst other absurdities, the exporta tion of tools, but prohibits the exportation of ma chinery—from 60,000/. in 1831 to 308,0001. in 1841. England has, in her coals, her metal, and, above all, in her multitude of skilful workman—all of whom are necessary one to the other—prodi gious advantages for the manufacture, and will long remain the machine-maker for other nations if they can freely export what they want. Certainly some apprehensions exist that if fo reigners obtain our machinery, they will under sell our manufacturers. Part of that arises from the disadvantages our people labour under from the Corn-law, and we are happy to see that the cotton and other manufacturers, sensible of this, do not offer any opposition to Mr. M. PHILLIPS' motion. At the same time, in order to allay all fear, and in order to collect all the facts of the case, inquiry is necessary, and we are glad that the Committee has been appointed. It is an honour to Mr. PHILLIPS, a manufacturer him self, and the representative of a manufacturing district, that he has moved in the 'matter. He and Manchester set an example of liberality which will not be without its effects; and we an ticipate other beneficial effects from his Com mittee, besides a Report recommending that the exportation of machinery be set entirely free. We invite the attention of our Parliamentary and mercantile readers to an article under the title " Spirit of the Public Journals," copied from the Morning Herald, which places in a very clear and proper light the injustice of which the Government is guilty in post poning the settlement of the Danish Claims. There are, however, a few points not noticed in the Herald's article, which we deem worthy of particular consideration when placed in juxta position with it. If our space permit we shall to-morrow enter more at large into the details of these too-long neglected claims. In the course of the debate on Tuesday night, the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER quoted as an authority in favour of the superior claims of the book-debt class of claimants for losses in Den- mark the opinion of the late Sir JAMES MACK INTOSH, who was engaged to advocate them exclusively, whilst the shipping class had lost their advocate in Parliament, the late Mr. STANIFORTH, M. P. for Hull. The former claimants looked with jealousy on the latter class, because they feared that by increasing the total amount of claims made, their chance of success would be lessened. Therefore it was that Sir JAMES MACKINTOSH estimated the amount at from 100,0001. to 200,0001., and ha zarded a sort of abstract opinion that captures of merchant-vessels under such circumstances were in accordance with the usages of war. In this opinion he might be readily fol lowed by any law-officer of the Crown ; but the truth is, that it in no way applies to the case in point, which was never submitted to the legal decision of Sir J. MACKINTOSH. The amount which was subsequently paid for the new claims advocated by Mr. WARBURTON was, in fact, for cargoes of coffee and sugars sent to Hol stein from hence, and, as such, on arrival, put under sequestration, so that they were for goods afloat as much as those now demanded. Among these new claimants, who thus got their money, were the Messrs. THOMAS and ALEXANDER BARING of 1807. It is true that the ultimate documents by which this class found favour certified that their cargoes, at the time of condemnation, which did not take place till later, had been warehoused. Now this only shows the absurdity of the distinction made by the Treasury between "goods on shore" and " goods afloat." Those who were wise in their generation, like the representatives of the CHANCELLOR Of the EXCHEQUER'S father and uncle, were silent on the fact that their property had been- "afloat" when first seized, and only put forth a document to show that, when condemned, the goods were in warehouses. But while the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER adduces this abstract and inapplica ble opinion of the late Sir J. MACKINTOSH, the shipping claimants have the direct opinion in their favour of a former Chancellor, now Lord SIDMOUTH, in his speech in 1808, as well as the acknowledgment of the late Mr.. PER CIVAL 1810. It is perfectly absurd for Mr. BARING to assert that the nett amount paid into the Treasury of upwards of 1,300,0001. was absorbed in charges. The mere sum of about 385,000/. paid out of it as the value of the Danish ships of war, by which the nation was to that extent benefited, would now by accumula or manyof thorn would have, not simply on the physical comforts and enjoyments of our labouring population, but on their intellectual and moral character—a subject which, your petitioners venture to urge, deserves the most serious and anxious consideration of ycwr Honourable House. That, for these and other reasons, your petitioners re spectfully, but earnestly beseech your Honourable House to take into your immediate consideration the Report of your Committee, with a view to an entire revision of our com mercial tariff; being fully persuaded, that the trade of England requires no artificial protection ; but that, stron in her natural advantages, ' her insular position, her har bours, her mines, and the activity and industry of her in habitants, she may, if the restrictions on her productive energies be removed, the barriers to her commercial enter prise broken down, and all her resources brought into lull play under the stimulating impulse of free trade, not only continue successfully to compete with all other nations, but become one of the cheapest as well as happiest countries to live in, and even rise to a degree of greatness and - pros perity which shall surpass any thing she has yet attained, great and prosperous as she has hitherto been. Such a petition does honour to the inhabitants of Ashton, and we hope their example will be very generally followed. The Sun has alreaLy mentioned that the Chambers of Commerce of Edinburgh and Manchester have moved in this good cause. Why is this great metropolis silent? Is the heart of the commercial world diseased and paralyzed? The import duties involve no question of democracy or aristocracy. They concern only the greatneSs of trade and the happiness of the people ; and the citizens of London, heretofore accustomed to take the lead in works of commercial improvement, cannot remain inert and passive . without in curring indelible disgrace. They have of late acquired no enviable character, and people say they are rather gamblers, jobbers, tricksters, and paper-money makers, than great and en lightened merchants. They seem to lose all sympathy with the wants, the distresses, and the sufferings of the mass of the community, as if they were anxious to do justice to the description which Mr. COBBETT was wont to give ofthe " Great Wen." Is their patriotism entirely absorbed in avarice ? Does their respect for the aristocracy, and their fear of the democracy, surpass their love of justice ? Have the spirit and intelligence of the BECKFORDS deserted London for ever ? If it is not to be degraded into a second-rate city in point of political importance, it must bestir it self, and not allow Ashton and Glasgow to run away with the honour of enforcing on the Legis ture a revision of ouu commercial tariff. On V: e question itself we say nothing, hav'ng during the recess, in a succession of articles, brought before our readers the principal evih; of our in - sport duties; and urged the public, to the best of our abilities, to demand a repeal of the odious discriminating duties on coffee, sugar, timber, &c. &c. The Madrid Journals of the 9th instant have reached us. The elections were proceeding tran quilly, the Regency appearing to take just as little interest in them as the electors themselves. ESPARTERO had, however, taken the precaution to surround the capital with 25,000 troops--a step which has not failed to awaken the jealousy of the municipal authorities of Madrid. The' Five per Cents. were done on the 9th for 28 7-16ths for cash, and for_29 at 60 days. The whole of the Paris Journals .of Tuesday have been received. Singularly enough, the majority of the Committee of the Peers upon the Fortifications Bill are opposed to that measure. The Committee is composed of seven members, of whom four are against the Bill, two for it, and one neither one way nor the other. The supporters of the Bill would have constituted the majority of the Committee, but a rule of the Chamber regulates that when an equal number of votes are given for two candidates, the elder of the two shall be declared elected. There is not a doubt, however, that the Peers will pass the Bill. The KING and the mob will have no cause to complain of the obstinacy of any Peer whose property is not likely to be deteriorated by the erection of the forts round Paris. But let us hear what the Journal des Debats says of the proceedings in the Chamber of Peers : Two preparatory meetings have been held already last week at the Duke de Broglie's and the Duke de Fezensac's, at which the Members of the Chamber of Peers endeavoured to come to an agreement on the candidates to be proposed as commissioners on the project of law. At the first the whole of the members appeared less favourable to the project of law than at the second, which was more numerous, consisting of about fifty members, three-fourths of whom were disposed to modify the project of law by an amendment. The Bureaux were accordingly nu merous ; above 200 members were present; the Dukes cf Orleans and Nemours, the Ministers, who are Peers of France, attended, and the discussion in some of the Bureaux continued from two o'clock till half-past four. The debate was particularly warm in the 7th Bureau, in which the Duke of Nemours presided, and in which there were eleven Lieutenant- Generals, among whom was Lieutenant- General Pelet, member of the last commission of defence, whose opinion prevailed for the present project of fortifications ; and in the 4th Bureau, in which were Count Mole, an enemy to the project, and Al. de Montalivet, who has declared him self decidedly in its favour. . . _ The result has given three members in favour of the pro ject, and four opposed to it. It is thought that to-morrow there will be a new election in the sth Bureau, where General Tirlet was chosen as the senior in age to General Dode de la Brunerie after two ballotings, whereas the standing order re quired there should be three. The Count de Tascher, the Marquis de Breze, Count de Montalembert, the Marquis d'Audifret, M. Merilhou, Vis count d'Houdetot, MAL Gay, Luzac, Portalis, Viennet, Charles Dupin, and several others warmly opposed the project.. In the 2d Bureau a pretty warm debate took place between the Duke of Orleans and the Marquis de Dreux-Breze. M. Parquier seems to have declared decidedly against the project. On the subject of the missing ships of Admiral HUGON'S squadron, we find the following tele graphic despatch in the Moniteur of Tuesday : " TOULON, FEE. 12. "THE MARITIME PREFECT TO THE MINISTER OF THE NAVY. tion amount to 1,500,0001. The so-called war of 1807 was a series of hostile acts on the part of the British Government, and of reprisals on the, part of the Danes in their own harbours and seas, until the 25th December, when by their decree, order ing the condemnation, the period of reprisals, as designated by VATTELL, ceased. The claimants " The Jena, the Neptune, and the Triton were at Cagliari on the 30th ult., waiting for fine weather and repairs to pro ceed again to sea, having suffered serious damage." The Court of Peers has put off the trial of the Editor of the National till the 23d inst. Better have discharged the order for his attendance altogether. The Chamber of Deputies is still occupied with the Customs' Bill. The article under discussion on Tuesday related to the duty on timber for ship-building. BOURSE.—PAR n, TUESDAY. FEB. 16. First Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Prick. Prig, french 5 per Cents ll2 25 112 35 ... 112 25 ... 112 2 43 per Cents 102 ... 1(2 Jl2 3 per Cents 7O 30 .. 76 so ... 76 25 70 30 I a A ot trance 2215 ...2225 ...3 2 25 ...3 25 L 'ditto Bank 1.0001. 11155 ...10J5 5 ...HZ:, have only made claims for losses during the pe riod of reprisals, and none for subsequent losses during the actual war. We see by the Glasgow Papers that the inha bitants of Glasgow are to hold a meeting on the 19th instant to take into consideration the Re port of the Import Duties , Committee. At Ash ton-under-Lyne a petition on the subject has been prepared, which the Manchester Guardian says will be numerously signed, of which the fol lowing is the principal part : That your petitioners have seen, with the deepest inte rest, the valuable and extraordinary evidence laid before a Committee of your. Honourable House, appointed during the last Session of Parliament, to inquire into the policy of the prohibitory and protective duties of Great Britain ; —evidence the more important, as it is in a great measure not that of individuals whose own interests are in question, and liable, therefore, to be warped in their judgment ; but the evidence of men placed in official situations, and giving their calm and deliberate opinions —as to the injurious ef fects of these duties on the trade and revenue of the country. 50001: Stares 5150 ...5155 ...5155 elgian Bank New 0000 .., 98X ... 98 3 4 ... tiB4G Spanish Active V4% 24% 24/4 ... 245 i Passive •••••••••••••••••• 6 ... 6 . 6 .. 6 Neapolitan lOl 80 101 80 ... 101 60 ... 60 Roman ' lOl 101% ... 101 ...111 RAILWAY SHARES. Versailles,R, L.B. ..... 327 50 ... 3.8 73 ... 327 50 327 50 Orleans .. 4Bl 75 488 75 487 '0 487 50 That your petitioners, in support as of m th e e e e h vidence laid be protectriveandtul s ie to a re a c re ord a t fo h r e c ir yo ee tt a r v Committee h ar a zan w x h io il u at s, gross injustice to the community at large, the y prevent them a from economizing their funds by purchasin g e t e cheapest markets, and thereby greatly abridge their :nand of the necessaries , comforts, and conveni ences of li fe.o That your petitioners see with great anxiety, that, by these impolitic restrictions, several important branches of our foreign commerce—such, for instance, as those with Brazil and North America—are already placed in consi derable jeopardy ; whilst others, which admit of indefinite extension—such as the timber trade with the north of Eu rope—arc impeded and limited to such a degree, as to impose a very serious check on the productive energies and consequent resources of the country. That your petitioners have read with the deepest inte rest the curious and important evidence given to your Committee by the Coffee-house keepers of London, prov. ing so clearly the close connection which exists between the system of prohibitive duties and the condition of the people; and the immediate operation which the reduction Strashttrg'to Bate 245 ... k 45 ... 245 Montpellier to Cette BELO IAN 1 . LI ?IDS—Baum/au, FEB. 16. Actual 'Debt, 2)4 per Cent...„. 52 Rothichikl's Loan, sper C0pt................... 1414 Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent.......... 89 --- 3 per Cent. —Thirty.seven---- •• 68% (1.4'1) 0 7 14 Loan of City, 1832, 4 per Cent. 8 7 ,34 Society ot Commerce, 4 .",, per Cent lO2 Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent ...... NationalSeciety. 11 95 Exchange on Londoe (short) --Brussels Papers, Feb. 16. We do not know what degree of truth may be attached to the rumour that has been prevalent of late, that her Majesty's Government have de cided upon the step, which we believe has some time past been contemplated, of consolidating the duties of the Boards of Stamps, and Taxes, and Excise. Certain it is that the state of the public purse, on which, during the past year, there have been heavy demands, coupled with an increase of our land and sea forces, and the acknowledged falling off in the income of one branch of the revenue, seems to warrant in our minds every practical reduction in the expendi ture of the country that Ministers can suggest. We have long been of opinion that not only a considerable saving of the public money may, by wholesome measures of this sort, be effected, but past experience has proved beyond a doubt that where the working out of a system has been con fided to a few efficient heads, a spirit of activity has been infused into all their measures, and comparatively good results have been the conse quence both to the public and the Government. The amalgamations which have already been effected in many of our revenue departments have placed beyond a doubt, even in a practical point of view, to say nothing of the ex p anse, the far greater efficiency of the new over the old system of conducting the public business of the country. The Minister who conducts our finan cial matters must feel this to be the case, and we ourselves hail every proposed practical measure of reduction of expenditure with unfeigned plea sure. RELATION OP POPULATION AND FOOD.—The census which will speedily be taken will show the exact amount of population on the day it collected, and it will show the total increase of the people since 1831, but it will teach us no thing of the oscillations of the population in the interval. We take leave to recommend, there- Tp . .P4 SIT LONDON, THITRSDA.Y, FEBRUArt? 18, 1841. fore, to the Anti-Corn-law League, and to all connected with it, and friendly to the repeal of the Corn-law, to collect, as far as they can, in all the manufacturing districts the rate of mor tality in different years similar to those quoted on Friday .last in the House of Peers, by the Marquis of Normanby. In them we shall have an index to the effect of the Corn-law, in starving the people out of existence, assuming the ratio of one in seventy-four as recorded of Manches ter in 1811 as the possible mortality; and the ratio of one in thirty-nine as recorded of Glasgow in 1821, as a high average, as the tests of com;- parison. - EXECUTIONS.—The strange motion of Mr. Rich on Tuesday evening for leave to bring in a Bill to execute criminals in private, and the strange illustrations derived from the conduct of the people at executions by which he enforced his views, demonstrate at once the inutility and the cruelty of putting men to death, because they have done wrong. The motion was meant to re tain for the State the power of putting people to death—it has gone a long way to annhi late it. As it is of no utility as an example, no pretext' remains for practising it. If a criminal be an object of dread, he can be watched or confined like a lunatic; he may be cured or reformed; but the reason for shedding his blood disappears -for ever, the moment the public are convinced that the public exhibition of slaughtering a man tends more to provoke than prevent crimes. Mr. Rich demonstrated that such is the effect, and thereby he has done much to promote the cause of humanity. CORN AVERAG_EN. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORY, For the Week ended Feb. 12, 1841, made up from the Returns 01 the Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in Englan,d a d Wales, per Imperial Quarter. Wheat 6ls. Id. Oats Barley 3ls. 10.1. I Rye ...... 345. 3d. 1 Pease 395. Oct AVERAGES OF THE LAST SIX WEEKS. Week ending WHEAT. iRARLEV.I OATS. I RYE. BEANS. PEASP. Jan. 8 6l 9 33 6 21 6 32 6 39 10 39 11 15 6l 7 3 2 10 ut 8 33 5 1 40 3 39 11 22 69 9 .32 11 11 4 31 11 3) 7 33 le •.9 CO 9 32 3 21 '7 Sl 5 , 3 9 4 3) 3 Feb. 5 6O 7 31 It i 1 7 28 11 139 6 39 10 12 6l 1 31 10 22 3 31 31 40 0, 39 6 IMPERIAL AGGREGATE AVERAGES OF THE SIX VIEFKS Wheat ,Gls. Id. I Oats ......... 21s. 3d. I Beans 393. 9.'. Itarlty, 32s. 6(1, 1 Rye DUTIES OW FOREIGN CORN. Wheat 2ss. 831. I Oats Beans .. ...... 11-. Od Carley 13,.10d. j Rye THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) COLONIAL MARKET. There was but a limited demand by private treaty, and the public sales went off with little spirit. Prices were however firm for most articles. The arrivals still large. TEA MARKET. The public sales went off heavily, and at rather lower rates , a small part only of that offered was actually sold. Company's Congou, Is. 6d. cash. TALLOW MARKET. P. Y. Candle was steady at 46s 6d on the spot, but there was little business done. HAY MARKET. There was a good demand and prices were fully supported. the supply being small. For Straw more money was given. Clover, 41 15s to 61; Meadow Hay, 31 16s to 5/. LLOYD'S S'HIPPING-(THISDAY. LoNnoN, FEB. 18.—Wind this day at noon, light breeze from the southward, with fine clear weather. LIVERPOOL, FEB. 17. —W ind, variable. —A rrived the Eliza, from Newfoundland. Off port, the Sheridan, for New York. Sailed the Malcolm, Malcolm, for New South Wales ; 13olivar, Fenwick, Valparaiso ; Francis, M'Kean, Rio Grande; Dos D'Enero, Farer, Havannah ; Woodside, Welsh, New Or leans ; Lancashire Lass, Norman, Alexandria. The Mary Elizabeth, from China, lies in a small creek on the south side of the Skerries, and fills with the tide. The President (steamer) is at the wreck, saving cargo and materials. The Albert (steamer) has brought about six hundred packages of tea and silk, and returns to the wreck this evening, with the requisites to endeavour to get her off. Several pieces of wreck ( Scotch Sarah) and two pumps showing a depth of twelve feet, have been picked up near Castletown sand. PORTSMOUTH, FEB. 17.—Wind, S. W. to W. N. W.—Off port the Mexborough, Livingstone, Sydney, New South Wales. COWES, FEb. 17.—Arrived Agnes, Norman, Laguayra. CLYDE, FEB. 15.—Arrived the Courtenay, Brown, from New Orleans. CA MPBELLTOWN, FEB. 15.—The Jean, Wyllie, from Dub lin to Saltcoats, was totally wrecked twelve miles to the Southward on the 12th inst., crew saved. LONDONDERRT, FEB. 14. —Sailed the Ann, Johnstone, for Trinidad. DUBLIN, FEE. 16.—Arrived the George, Meara, from St John's, New Brunswick. WATERFORD, FEB. 14.—Arrived the Trusty, Morris, from Newfoundland. CORK, FEB. 15.—Arrived, the Paragon, Harely, from Mar tinique ; Samuel, Walters, Newfoundland ; Albion, Webster, St. John's, New Brunswick ; Bulclutha, Adamson, Savannah. SHIELDS, FEB. 16.—The Isabella, Ritchie, sailed hence three weeks since for Scotland, and has not since been heard of. HULL, FEB. 17. —Wind N. N. E.—The Hebbles floating light, has proceeded to her station. DOVER, FEB. 17.—Arrived off, the Maria and Louisa, Aln wick, from Laguna. BRISTOL, FEB. 17.—Arrived Amelia, Duston, Honduras. The Sesostrim, from Pfkott to the C'yde on shore in Macra• hamish Bay, has been sold with her materials, and not as pre• viously reported as having got off and proceeded. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, WEDNESDAY.—The sales to-day are 8,000 to 10,000 bags, of which 4,000 American have been taken on speculation, and 700 for export. The re mainder to the trade, and at the extreme prices of yesterday— about 400 Surats at 41d. to 5/d. ; Maranhams 74d., Bd. to 84d., 84d. ; 50 Bahias and 50 Pernams 9d. ; 150 Egyptians 1 Id. to 114 d. per lb. LIVERPOOL SHARE LIST, FEB. 17.—Eastern Counties, ; ditto, Debentures, 41. 13s. 6d., 44 ; Edinburgh and Glas gow, 294 ; Glasgow and Paisley, ; Grand Junction, 2041 ; Great Western, Half Shares, 611; ditto, Fifths, ; London and Birmingham, 1741 ; North Midland, Half Shares, 361. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, FEB. 17.—Manchester and Leeds, 74i ; London and South Western 58 581 ; Lancas ter and Preston, New, 20 204 ; North Midland, 75 ; Man chester and Birmingham, 24i 25 ; Eastern Counties, Deben tures, 41 4 ; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 291 294 ; South Lan cashire Bank, 51 54. Extract of a Letter from Islay, Nov. 13.—" We have ru mours of war between Bolivia and Peru, and the event is weekly expected to take place. I have seen letters from the capital of Peru, in which Bolivia is threatened with invasion, and that there is much dissatisfaction among the higher orders of the people in Bolivia opposed to the present administration of Government. Those who have large interests in the Pro vince fear a revolution will soon take place, and the Peruvians are ready to join one party or the other, which will involve fearful consequences." Accounts from Monte Video, Nov. 2, state that Rivera, on learning the Treaty, immediately placed an embargo on all vessels in the harbour, in order to prohibit their going up to Buenos Ayres. There were at the time near 300 merchant vessels lying there ; about 25 of which were American. As soon as the English and American Commodores heard of this embargo, they formally protested against it. BRITISH CONSUL AT HAVANNAH.—A letter from Havan nah states that Mr. Turnbull, recently appointed British Con sul there, had been refused his exequator by the Spanish Go vernment, and had consequently been ordered by his own Go vernment to place the Consulate in the hands of Mr. Jackson, a Member of the Mixed Commission. The cause is stated to be Mr. Turnbull's abolition principles and activity, which gave great offence at Havannah. We have received the Journal of Antwerp of yesterday's date. BOURSE OF AMSTERDAM, FEB. 15.—The amelioration of the Bourse of Paris has caused our prices to remain firm, but the operations have not been extensive. The Spanish funds were animated ; all the Coupons have again got up ; Ardoin's participated in the rise at Paris and Antwerp : after the closing they were 22 1-16 22A ; Coupons, 21i The remainder of the loan of eighty-two millions of francs (above thirty millions of francs) has been contracted for by ;t1.1.1. Rothschild Brothers. At present we are unacquainted at what rate this part of the loan has been contracted for, but we only know it is ay, higher price than that of the last. A letter Irons the Frontiers of Turkey, Jan. 30, published in the Gazette de Cologne, states as follows " Redschid Pacha has to combat against a strong party in the Divan : it is Russia which has excited that party, as she does not wish to see in the Ministry the English interest. THE FUNDS. The British Market still continues in a languid state, with little or nothing doing to the present time. Consols opened this morning at tssa but soon after receded to 88A for the Account ; Money 88i ; Exchequer Bills 5 7 prem. ; Bank Stock, 164 166; India Stock 245 247. . . In the Foreign Market Spanish Active is a shade higher, left off 234 L, at present 231 24 ; Deferred 124 1 / 2 ; Passive 51 6%; Portuguese 31 1 / 2 32 ; Three per Cents., 19 1 / 2 20 ; Brazilian 71 1 / 2 72 1 / 2 ; Colombian 221/2 23; Mexican 27 1 / 2 28; Chilian 62 64 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 504 ; Five per Cents. 99 1 / 2 . SII A RES.—Great Western 25 26 prem. ; New: 111 12 prem. ; London and Brighton, 7 61 discount ; Blackwall, 44 discount ; Birmingham, 64 86 prem. ; Southampton, 571 561 per share ; Croydon, 11112 i per share; Greenwich, 84 per share ; Manchester and Birmingham, 151 141 discount. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE. RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share. Cheltenham and Great Western. 621 29 ...... to JOINT STOCK BANKS. British North American ......... 40 National Provincial of England... 35 - HALF-PAST ONE. Accounts from Amsterdam in the Journal of Antwerp, re ceived this morning, state that a General Assembly was held there, by the Directors of the Trading Company, to take into consideration the proposals of the Government. This assembly was held secret ; still something was known on the subject of their meeting. The Government appears decided to have the con tract annulled ; that is, the capitalization concluded with the Government, is so much disliked by the Chambers and the public, that the Government refuses to pay the 5 per cent. interest, and proposes to reduce it to 4i per cent. Up to the present time there does not appear to be the least spirit for speculation in the British Market. Consols ha ve been during the w h o l e o f t h e morn i ng 883, alternately buyers and sellers, for the Account; Money t3B ; Exchequer Bills 5 7 prem. ; Bank Stock 164 ; India Stock 247; India Bonds 15 dis. In the Foreign Market some business has been done. Spanish Active 23i 24; Portuguese 32; Brazilian 7 71;; Mexican 274 ; Colombian 224 ; Dutch Two.and-a-Half per Cents. 500 ; Five per Cents. 99k. In Shares very little doing—scarcely a bargain. Cheltenham and Great Western 29. The Dutch mail has just arrived :—Two-and-a- Half per Cents. 49 15-16 t h s 50 ; Five per C ents. 9 7i ; A r d orn 's 22 1-!6th to In consequence of the dry rot making its ap pearance in the roof over the State apartments in Kensing. ton Palace, Government have given instructions for the roof to be taken off and properly repaired. Tile apart ments formerly occupied by the Pr►ncess Sophia are to be rebuilt, and the conservatory, the finest in the kingdom, is to be repaired and beautified. QUEEN'S BENCH -(THIS DAY.) EDEN V. GOLDIE. Mr. PLATT stated the ease. It was an action to recover damages for in,ury sustained by the plaintiff, Martha Eden, an old woman, who had been knocked down and injured by the defendant while driving in his gig. The following witnesses were examined : George Elward Austin—.l carry on business in the Mile-end-road. In the month of July last I was standing outside the door, between nine and ten in the morning ; I heard some one bawl out, and I turned round. I saw two gentleman in a one-horse chaise trying to stop the horse. Before they co u ld d o so t h e horse knocked down a woman. She was picked up and brought into my shop. One of the gentlemen got out of the chaise and put her a shilling in her hand to get a cab and take her home. She was carried home in a chair, being unable to walk. She lived as servant at Mr. Byron's, within a few doors of my house. Mary Anne Baker—Saw the plaintiff lying in the road, and she tried to get up, when the horse or shalt knocked her down again. Joseph Baker assisted to carry plaintiff into Austin's shop, and thence to her master's house. One of the gen tleman gave her a shilling, and then got into the chaise again and drove off. She could not stand at all. Shc was not deaf before the accident. William Hampton—l am ostler at the Black Boy, Mile end-road. I saw the defendant coming along the road driving the chaise: The old lady was crossing the road, and the defendant pulled the horse short up, and sbe was knocked down. The horse was going at the rate of eight or nine miles an hour. Henry Byron proved that the plaintiff had been thirty years in his service. She was about sixty years old. She was three weeks confined to her bed, and can only go about now on crutches. James Cochrane—l called on Mr. Goldie at his distil lery a day or two after the accident. Mr. Goldie said he was very sorry about it, and should see if something could not be done for her. He also said he would call on the medical man. Mrs. Byron deposed that the defendant called on the plaintiff and expi'esscd his rcgret,and promised to call again. He also said be should call on the medical man. He did not call again till after the proceedings were taken. She is not now fit to earn het bread. Thomas Deake, a surgeon, attended the plaintiff. The ❑eck of the thigh bone was broken, and that can never be remedied. I attended her for six or seven weeks. My charge was three guineas. Mr. HUMPHREY addressed the Jury for the defendant, and expressed his regret for the accident, which the defen dant would have made compensation for, but that unfortu nately he had been made a bankrupt. The Jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, damages 2001. 11W 14N MO VIII TIO/441. -- _ WIDOW OF MARGAROT. The last years of thf widow of Margarot, the victim of Tory oppression, were cheered by the bounty of the Qum', conveyed through Lord Melbourne. She died on the 14th instant, aged 77.—See the Morning Chronicle of February 16, 1841. Young, beautiful, and blesa'd with love and light And hope, and all good things that God has givan, Was she, when Tyranny's accursed blight Fell on her quiet hearth, and she was driven Forth with those few, who, for their country's right, Left father-land and home, all fond ties riven, Save one ; her love, which, 'mid the ocean's roar And desert terrors, still clung warmly as before. Sixteen long years of exile and of pain, That lova still cheered his cold ald cruel lot, When be alone, of all that gallant train. Gerald and Skirving, Palmer, Margarot, And Muir, to his own land returned again : They found a distant tomb—it matters not— Their epitaphs arc here—their memories lie Deep is our hearts ; he came—'twas but to die Still she was there—his parting spirit breath'd Into her breast--he went to Freedom's God. In this cold world, old, poor, of all bereav'd, And tottering down the path her lov'd one trod ; Her &All unbroken still, say, who reliev'd Her lonely journey to the churchyard sod, Solaced her age, bid want and pain deport? This was THY task, Queen of the Briton's heart H. Reform Club, Feb. 16, 1841. COMMERCIAL TRIBUNAL OF THE SEINE. Two GREAT ARTISTS.—The Commercial Tribunal, on Thursday last, seemed changed into a dramatic arena. First and foremost appeared the Opera, represented by MM. Duponchel and Leon Pilldt, claiming the cancelling of the engagement of Miss Fanny Ellsler, with 60,000 f. damages for non-fulfilment of contract. The graceful daughter of the air, misled by the triumphal ovations, crowns and dollars, which accompanied,ker steps through out North and South America, and dazzled by the honours rendered her by the Senate of Virginia, has forgotten Paris and the Opera, the first scene of her success ; the ingrate has forgotten the Paris public of connoisseurs, who formed her, gave her useful advice, praised her to the skies, and to whom she is indebted for her talent and re putation. But however forgetful Fanny may have been, the Directors of the Opera have not that sin to reproach themselves with ; they remember that Miss Fanny Eltsler, in December, 1836, formed a first engagement, which was to begin on June 1, 1837, and terminate on May 31, 1841; that by a new treaty dated July 10, 1839, the engagement was extended from June I, 18 , 11, to May 31, 1845 ; that Miss Fanny had taken five months' vacation in extinction of all the holidays due to her up to June 1, 1840; that finally, and on her solicitation, she had obtained a prolon gation of two months, to be deducted from the vacation of three months, which she had a right to between June 1, 1840, and June 1, 1841. According to the directors, Miss Fanny Ellsler ought to have been back to Paris on the 15th of October, 1840, or at the latest on the Ist of January, 1841, in consequence of a further permission from the administration. Since then she should have been at the disposal of the Opera as queen of dance and pantomime ; but she, has failed so to do, and summonses, though legally stamped, have not been able to cross the broad Atlantic, and have simply served to prove that the pretty fugitive no longer inha bits the Rue Lafitte, that head quarter of Plutus and Cupid. _ _ _ M. Scbaye appeared in behalf of the light-footed, and must we add, light-promising Fanny, and begged the cause to be deferred, as he was expecting instructions from bis client. The cause was put off for a week. The cause of the Sylph was scarcely over, when Rober Macaire presented himself at the bar of the tribunal. I was like failing from heaven into its antipodes. Frederic Lemaitre was brought before the Judges far having broken a contract which he had made with the director of the theatres of Metz and Nancy for twelve nights. After the first night's performance, Lemaitre having received 368 f. as kis share of the evening's receipts, took a post•chaise and started. M. Baptiste, the director of the theatre of Nancy, demanded B,ooof. damages. The defendant, who appeared personally to answer the charge, replied, that having played on a very cold night, he was suddenly seized with cramp in his stomach, which obliged him to set off immediately ; and besides, that he had not entered into any regular agreement. That the only engagement was, that he should play as long as there was money to be gained, but that he did not call getting 368 f. in one ever.- lug getting money. The Director, - in reply, said that the story of his illnvs was all fiction ; that before he set off he made a very hearty meal, washing it down with a bottle of Bordeaux. He produced letters to prove that an engagement had been entered into, and he claimed for the loss he had sustained in consequence of the precipitate retreat of Ruy Bias and Robert Macaire. The Court, after hearing the respective counsel, post poned its judgment for a fortnight. VICTORIA THEATRE.—Laroche has com pletely recovered from the accident he met with some days ago. Noel and he now perform nightly, and go through their wonderful evolutions to the great amusement of a numerous audience. The management, on Monday next, bring out, on a grand scale, The Dumb Savoyard and his Monkey, for the purpose of introducirg Blanchard anti Howell of Drury-lane Theatre. This is the way to suc ceed. Nothing like novcl4y. The long-contempla - ted removal of Hatton- Garden Police-eourt is now positively decided upon, and the spot intended for the erection of the building is a piece of ground in the 13 zgnigge Wells-road, Clerkenweli, op. posite Frederick-street, leading from the Baguigte Wells in Gray's Inn-road, at present occupied by Mr. Smirke, a timber-merchant, who has received notice to quit by Lady day next. Arrangements have been made to pull down the I resent premises, and to commence the intended erec tion next month. NEWSPAPERS.--De Tocquevil!e, in his work on America, gives this forcible sketch:—" A newspaper can drop the same thought into a thousand minds at the same moment. A newspaper is an adviser who does not require to be sought, but who comes to you of his own ac• cord, and talks to you briefly every day of common weal, without distracting your private affairs. Newspapers, therefore, become Inure necessary it, proportion as men become more equal, and individuals more to be feared. To suppose that they only serve to protect freedom would be to diminish their importance ; they maintain civilization." LIFE INSURANCES, &C,—Mr. Godson has just placed on the notice book of the House of Commons, in timation of his intention to promote a very useful inquiry ; namely, to propose the appointment of a Select Commit tee to investigate " the present state of the companies for effecting assurances on lives and for granting annuities." A measure imperatively called f6r, by the gross frauds and heartless infliction to which certain companies base re cently made so many victims. Married on Wednesday, by special license, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, at Lambeth Niece, the Earl of Eglinton and Winton to Mre. Howe Cockerel!. A numerous party of friends and relations were present. The happy pair set off immediately after the ceremony to Roehampton, where they intend to remain a few days previous to their departure for Eglinton Castle. IMPROVEMENT IN SOUTHWARK.—Mr. Al. dermal) Humpbery, on Tuesday, just as the Honse of Commons was about to rise, brought in a Bill for forming and maintaininga new street from out of the High-street, in the parish of St. Saviour, Southwark, to or into Great Surrey-street, otherwise Blackfriar's.road, in the parish of Christchurch. The Bill was read a first time, and ordered to be read a second time. The day, how. ever, was not appointed for such second reading. LOSS OF THE THAMES STEAMER.--The sub scription for the relief of the numerous widows and or phans of the unfortunate crew of the steam-ship Thames, has just been increased by a donation of 251. from the Queen Dowager. More than 80 persons are now suffer ing the greatest distress in consequence of the melancholy loss of this ship. THE LEVANT MAIL. .....—....5.--_ intelligence We have received the Levant mail, bringing itte_n_lB u ,, ,, from Constantinople, Smyrna, and Alexandria, of the 2ittinii,. and from Malta of the 6th inst. 'fhe letters from Coosa ... no le do noticonfirm the reports prevalent at Paris of even t 1` surrection having broken out at the Porte. No sucht,es was looked for on the 27th, though a change of Minis ry , expected. Cir C e o a s ss s i r en AN e T oa i s ii t o ex , ar J e Ax io . fo 2 r 7 m .— ed ß t f m r t ec th en e t fo of the strongest posts occupied by the Russians, has fallen i s '_'_ .. the hands of the Circassians. '1 he contest was ver:acr,„ guinary, for the assailants stormed the place with their .es t__',... tomed fury, and the garrison defended themselves witkd 14 rate obstinacy. After repeated repulses, and the loss the' During and put the whole of the Russians troops to the sword. co, artrroilt oufcrr:a,;e: the late storm twelve Russian ships were wrecked on the s a' a „ men, the Circassians at length forced their way into ort, and a large steamer was driven on shore, which the Circasti. ii_f completely gutted. Ihe blockade is much more remiss nr; formerly, and the Russians seem at present to be wear) . ° war which has caused them so much trouble and loss of men. 0 Reis Effendi has been very coolly received by the Sultane o° several late occasions—nay, it is said that in a recent a u t tli the his Imperial Majesty went so far as to upbraid him 55 1 _ 1 ;. tion deplorable state of the country, and the desperate eonu'und of the finances. He is accused of introducing sudde,n is, impracticable reforms, and chimerical administrative s)'it_oci_ln., utterly inconsistent with the genius of Islamism and the . ,s a to ners of the people. Reschid Pacha has many enemis, raj do not fail to attribute every untoward incident and finan_f, o , difficulty to his mal-administration, but with all their ni re a s "_ A prepense, none has ever called in question his disinte.e ie.'', and honest intentions. Reschid Pacha was precipitate i.ccrn fusing the loan in London, even on unfavourable terms, t Ti the end it would have proved a great gain, had it only l'',,:a eluded the necessity of the fatal issue of paper m oney. u. i ,11, agents of a great northern power are very active at prese able triguing to compass the downfal of the only Minister c t aP . e bt of carrying into effect the reforms from which we are aug to i At th expect the regeneration of Turkey. die eaten} Soulinah mouth of the Danube, whe re b y of Adrianople, Russia has only the right of estab lishing a ill'atin„, tine, a flourishing town has already sprung up, with f o rtiti d e: i and of no inconsiderable strength.. The passage by l'i' ten ` - c i e or.• overland to 'fehernavoda, is now regularly performed, an . on o f fortable inns have been established for the accommodat i n t h e travellers. This is merely intended as an exp erimet ; success of which probably depends the cutting of th ° le r 'lr talked-of canal from Kistendgi to Tchernavoda. a i andri' 3 ' MALTA, FEB. 6. —I enclose you a letter from ...sex. ~ be , to the contents of which I have nothing whatever to al sa id t ' , , yond the following intelligence brought by a Lev an ... - gi ssr o a ut ao to be from an authentic source. It is written fromur the 19th January : "' " IBRAHIM PACHA ROUTED. retrea t tg General Jochmus attacked Ibrahim Pacha on his lie Ere from Damascus, but met with no resistance, nor was.'' ct i o to ever returned. Ibrahim, supposing he had become a v'' t il ps er ori f the Sultan's General, took to flight, after throwing his and ammunition into the river Jordan." 'ved bete ALEXANDRIA, JAN. 27.—The Hecate steamer arr' . .„ o ., the last night from Beyrout and relative despatches frusviaa Admiral to Commodore Napierto releasing th e iiong troops in the Pacha's service who have left their countr?",,n t he with the Egyptians. The Commodore left for Cairo a u te bea, 24th, so Colonel Napier, who is charged with the des f en his after an interview with the Pacha this morning, subject Highness refused to enter into negotiations on the _ 44 by with him, started immediately for the capital, accomPau a Government cavass, in order to see the Comma nder. ° ret° The Hecate brought orders for the Stromboli t the bar , immediately to Marmorice, and she has already hafting foie boor in charge of a Lieutei a it, the Commander taking is coals as fast as possible, and most probably with the Commodore to Cairo. The Hecate is ago ~,,, (the Admirars!despatches having beer [taken thither byGllea'jetgb)p for the Admiral this afternoon. She left Beyrout the n th and brings no very important Syrian news. the e r C ai_ ... ar , ti , i mus was at Jerusalem with part of the Turkish sr:lotsa t there had been a slight skirmish at Medjee being at Damasc is, and part at 'Jaffa. On the 1 , -- s ix ti llie : (abot" ne joni° from Gaza), between a detachment of 1,500 irregular the for' and a few Turks, under Colonel Rose, which ended in an d four, mer being repelled with a loss of from 30 to 40 men , 'c o lon!' were killed and 12 wounded on the side of the Tur k ''' k. I' l l Rose himself having been severely, wounded in the attac,boba. Nile steamer was at Gaza waiting for Ibrahim Paella , p a ella , not arrived, but the advanced u under llenikleY, . / jai force amounted in all to about "5,000 men was there, and Ibrahim was hourly - d• l e expecte • ~,.al at On the 24th we heard here of qoliman. Paella's ,"" - 11 the, Acaba with 8,000 men, some pi g ece a' s rd . Of.canir.‘.'n'i,ii g i ,i r ;o 3 e i h . `:f women and children. Since then it is said he Suez, but at all events in a few days we may ext — " P d e t, to b e his arrival at Cairo. t , ff3d, a" Walker Pacha left in the Turkish frigate on th e i ,", Car?' saluted when outside the reefs, which was returned bY t l- o , e tia!'' fort. The Tahiri Bahiri steamer also went to sea , se e n thus leaving us without a T ur ki s h vesse l of any sort in_,'Gor,l Said el Gharbi, Colonel of th e Al ex andria Nationals ener' died two days ago at Rosetta. His property , w hje ! mous, falls to Government, h e b e i ng w ithout any L 9--e. -- , . ANS • M. GUIZOT and the A VlBltiv . be g _____.....-. A number of American gentlemen resident in P' l l,lotf ir anxious to testify to M. Guizot their admiration of,h,isovehigh,Prr duction to the Life and Writings of WaShinetr 50f re tented to the Minister an address with forty sign a ti n e ' ,/ of respectability (from the five great divisions of the . 1 ord questing that he will allow his portrait to be paint ed " A l . tneri e° that it may be placed in the Library Hall of the the pieta': Congress. To this M. Guizot has assented ; a nci A ile_a_,l e '' is accordingly to be executed by Mr. G. P. ` - ",st, 1-ale young American artist, residing at No. 50, lin e 1 , of h',. who has painted very remarkable full-length portra' - (i'en e ",o Louis Philippe, Marshal Soult, the Duke of St A ss ni es ; 3 .9glo v- 0 Cass, Dr. Gilchrist, &c., and to whom a gold inr", ~,ere• r A lfaoslltoviyienarg ts for the his od p d i r c e t s u s re i s o e q x o h e ib st i i te oo d , the w at ith. th r i . e pil ' n Guizot annexed : " Sir,—The undersigned ci izens of P th arl e . ij llF":e Ts Sar se taaYt _A C:: :l it°hr Am erica, sojourners in Paris, being deeply ii9Pr-intro•-; the duction f friendly n t dl o yyospoirrittairadhlegeendeitrialorteoxfcetlhleenc,,eLoiffe tahoeicti,i‘tiia'rgit..:ie%i of Washington," have united for thepurpose of ha., to to sit for your picture to an Americ p an a p rtist , vri' ° -- se i' l to a high repute in his profession. Our ulterior Pil'r 4 , 0 1 .4 ",, transmit the portrait to th e Sp ea k ers of our Congreper;io request for it a place in the library of that body as e ote r ; in vent memorial of the pr o f o und es t r espect which , s. e . a na fee i for your personal character and intellectual shou ld troPh' true particular, of the gratitude which all Americans the ot . for your liberal agency in exhibiting anew to Enr ° iinea ce nature of their revolution, and th e di s tinctive pre-el'' its hero." , Affair' ec i . . " Paris, Feb. 12, Department of Foreigo ror e a to " Gentlemen,—l am profoundly sensible to ,1 m• plea' ing. I accept with gratitude the honour ru ai t 'be i' 4 , - st confer. As soon as I shall be disengaged from - in otee'', t ;,t, tive occupations which, at this juncture, leave n 0 icor a r.- ii my own disposal, I will cheerfully give to the Ail l r troi t '„ies whom you designate, the sittings requisite for in?' P . lo'rest gratifies me exceedingly that the United States 7 t be g or y have found my homage to Washington worthy ,° t he lib i o, man. I shall rejoice if a place be assigned to me lu i VIVO. gentlemen, o f Congress,toanr receive e I e i v t h e a thenk you for tahsezoanneceepotfio,rri j • urno s o t tli ,: . o guished consideration. THE ELtCTRO-TYPIt V. NEW POSTAGE LABEL. nien t st ate d. under this al;e lead authorised il tile t contradict j o liing p o s t t h a e a c f o t e b r a e l e 0 supplied 1 e only reason that the Post-office 1 0 /1 1 ° D es i4 ' with the new medallion envei ° L g rea t that the demand at the Stamp-office itS,filec°: sa thatit has been impossible to prepare t''''' v eld; s r . y stock. The chief security of the env t ou i thc i , n the threads interwoven in the P 3 P i , t illui l4 t.e . is no intention whatever of heirdisc° issue. -Ired fe • r e We copy from the Herald the a rtic le otlo' to : pos ' 46° 1004 ° "Our readers are, no d ou bt, awar e that the _ first ,„; 0 0, rities have i ssue d a new enve l ope , to replace thovseeiope econ;1, 0 1- into use und er th e p resen t sys t em . This en wait chjeh on the right-hand corner, a neat medallion P ° 0 6 0 05 w bice Majesty. but, in consequence of represel le w ith up plY have been made to Colonel Alaberly of the W l ' i' cio t tol. 00 the mark can be forged, orders have been gi vel , e Leet ib ; any more of the envelopes. On AlondaY t 'd to Its ha Chemistry at the Polytechnic Institution s cat ve ry, , e the lead offered to teach nine of the most dience, when lecturing on this wonderful di sel ' in t blot i g nor t 0. t iev .0 ( Post-otlice authorities in London could sel e ; bop . , i ceP o tirt forty-eight hours each boy should produce s itillu i e ga d the new medallion, so perfect that the IT: , Dine should not to able to detect which were t.H e ', ,orne t a teti which the counterfeit. The Lecturer exhibitriect, and s itse lf, which were taken from the original, quite P t e her s fvel se ove r that, as the medallion was made to produce 4ble to ' c og' the productions were so exact that it was impos u - thor iseu lat, be which was the authorised and which the una,-, Ge ron% r ity , lie added that, having- made this known to their 00 1 10 was engaged on a series of experiments, hY_ f o rgery; ths ° to show the applicability of the invention t_o con 10 0r .0 tb° fact this invention, which has not been k il vn i o tion t ree } every r e twelve months, must create a complete re . ," j oeed thingscience foofr bcopying n s the prints, e d ie o c e t u r m o_ e t i y i p ts e , , an d t hirig pro is a substance can be exactly copied, and a e g h Pe e verY duced from a m ere copy o f th e en graving ivit _ woo_ „ o r distinctly mark e d, th a t even th e artist hires e la te se r t he he P f r oin unable to discove r wh e th er a print from t d, or t o be duced was taken from the plate he had en g ral rave r w° rose rw electro-type plate, for even the slip of the, _g am of T aris e f shown as exactly in the one as the other. the P ru " - itwn) as the law at present stands, for instead imitation _ its e l f ) tion for forgery too, most probably some c o l f itlicu lt Y `i v° ncti °° _.l ° ,l the electro-type being a . false and counterfei t ereprodu.ceesinst. be an exact copy, the original (being rinL CI gtiard ~t it .l ,l b e fore f trad es- paper , hands o so say, for instance, a five pound note.. Ibe that c" forgery of notes now being the p men not au fait at detecting forgery. th oc tet' detected, many hundreds might get into rea tio , n a t he very simple, and has become so generally-.1,!„.0n0r cn o w oi Lecturer truly observed, it is to be feared cus" tr erre tue-- will avail themselves of the discovery to, est neighv" prof er purposes, and to cheat their more liu" 0 CA NIBERWEI L Cli d U i li n e workmen e n ' g g -- ~.....i...........—, . 0. v . MAN o a d n g , iron, MANUSCRIPTS FOUND IN THE v it-- ph. . c 0 cllle—arSinagtuarwdaayy a t ifltee.rrnuoi f o i l: ,: t s o t i l k j e C c a: o l . : . church was sorting the contents of a ba s ti orr f. v th a a ri t o t u ia s yu r forripe eril: other & r e e . l ' ies fo , r th s e d v e an w e and e a d the church steeple. It was formed of s heet c i a - rfl w s intended to represent a roll of paper, Ira v i "gh the I somewhat lengthy dimensions running throng CO Curious to see how such a ttic hing had W e l , r e. e strueted, the workman, on picking up roll of 01. 0 6 0 J IS eeded to break it open, when, to his surPrige, b c . „ p ot , - -s was really what the artist had intended to Terc 041 pen and paper case. The interior was fOUnd t° . c°'' tb° three scrolls of paper and a large card. On on; „ u stil a papers is, " This Phane was gilt by John .4111"?.5, Foulder, November 27th, 1797 (Xtat) 17 ,c,all'snother Wrote this with the point of this Phane." u L la on paper is, " John Foulder, sen., wrote this with tf e ,t Joh n November, 1797 ;" and on the third piece we ITO. o f the Gallington, November 27, 1797." On the back s e woo card is the following announcement :—" Th is Ph i ell and made by Robert Broad, workman to Mr. Wlla•t-sle'd 31 wrote this ,vith the pen, Novcrnber 27th, 1797, ag..ijet cathaelointrn.n(‘ found,o 1 damk years." From which certificates it appear s to % tx .el , that the use of copper pens was antecedent to that et 0 / The implement thus handed down to us, wit" "' cc 1 , . iale ° its capabilities, is a foot and a half long•