The Sun. — London, England, 1828-09-08 00:00:00

of Peace to meet too often in Quarter Sessions; but, fortunately for us, a regular provision for J ustice would enable us to free them from the necessity of making such a heavy sacrifice of their time on our Recount. As to the machinery of Grand Juries, it Gray, indeed, be very well dispensed with. a man receives a fair trial soon after he is accused, he can have no cause of complaint ; and we do not see why an unnecessary . burden- should be thrown on society, in serving incessantly on grand juries. Nothing shows so much the utter indifference of the higher classes of England to 'clie situation of the lower classes, than the circum stance of the evil of holding to bail in paltry cases of assault should have been suffered to exist so long, with the evidence allbrded, that in one prison up wards of 2,000 individuals every year were cooped• up on that account alone. No doubt the difficulty • must be much greater in the metropolis than in the country of finding bail; and hence the proportion for the country w►ll not be nearly so heavy, But still there must be a large mass of persons in the kingdom suffering the rigours of a long imprison ment, from inability to procure - bail. The impri sonment is most nnnecessary, because the failure to appear might be taken as a confession of guilt, and subject the defendant to punishment: If a man chooses to abscond, be in reality inflicts a heavier punishment on I nimself than the law would inflict on him. (FROM TUE 111ORNING HERALD.) A Noble Earl in Wiltshire is said to have dis charged all his gamekeepers, and given permission to his numerous tenantry to sport over their respec tive farms. We suspect that the Noble Earl will have no reason to - regret this ; but that he and his friends will have just as much sport, and that he will see his table quite as well supplied, as when he had a tribe of licensed poachers ,(for the majority of gamekeepers are no better) quartered upon him. We are glad too that this example has been set by greattt landed proprietor in that very county where the Game Laws have been strained to the most cruel and impolitic extent; and certain we are _that the Noble Lord, and those who, we trust, will be rowel to follow. his example, will sleep none the worse for the consciousness that the county prj,son is not thronged, and the morals of the agricultural population defiled, by their unreasonable " pursuit of A vain and worthless object. We rejoice, too, that thii example has been set by one cf the old aristo- ' (lacy, who on this subject, we believe, have borne a great deal of the odium which ought to alight upon the Ravi homilies, those mushroom excrescences of the Squirearchy, who, having been unexpectedly set on horseback, seem, in the terms of an old pro verb, scarcely to know where they would ride tn. There can be little doubt but that great part of the evil of the Game Laws has arisen from the over-preservation of game, by means of which the Cockney shooter has contrived to indulge him self in a battu or two in the year, instead of enjoy ing a whole season of fair legitimate sport. This has suited the gamekeeper still better than his employer, as the evidence before the Lords' Committee incon testibly proves; where it is placed beyond a doubt, that some of the principal sellers of game are those who are paid by their masters as its preservers.— This being the case, we are glad that an instance has occurred of the master's eyes being open to this abuse ; and that one great landowner has been found to tut the Gordian knot by which a false interest was kept up, which was advantageous only to the party for whose advantage it was not intended.— The farmers, besides, are the legitimate game keepers. rite way in which the tenants in question are said to be treated, is that in which they should all be used. They feed . the game, and they will preserve it, to as great art extent, at least, as it need be preserved for any fair sportsman, or any rea sonable purpose; and we trust, therefore, that the success with which this experiment of Lord Rad nor's will be crowned, may be such as to induce others to do the same thing, and thus bring about that practical amelioration of the Game Laws which Puliament, much to its discredit, has not had the sense QK the patriotism to effect. (FROM THE NI.W TIMES.) Our observations on the Small Bill Currency of Lancashire, and the admissions of the Duke of Wel liogton, in a correspondence to which we referred, with certain eminent country bankers, have called down upon us the rebuke of a certain Morning Jour nal, which we certainly did not expect would offer any opinion on such a subject. We give our con temporary credit for the best intentions; but, with out designing any offence, we think it would evince more judgment if it abstained from discussing a question which it is plain it does not understand. If the Morning Post had locomotive powers, and the gift of speech, and were to walk some morning into some fashionable milliner's shop, or into that of some respectable tailor, located either in Bond-street, or within the lines of Temple-bar, and were to in quire whether the artist therein could render a rea son why York and Carlisle could not as easily resort to a metallic currency as the city of London, un doubtedly the said - artist would reply he saw no earthly obstacle whatever : " We have done it," would the respectable tradesman observe, " and what is to hinder the stupid and ignorant people of the country from doing the same ?" This sort of reply from a London milliner or tailor would be natural and insulting enough ; but it is just each an answer as would be given; and is precisely that which the Post, and a few of its Metropolitan friends, invariably give. We have done it," say these ultra-wise people, " and therefore we insist, that the people out-y: doors, the pi;ople who live in the country,ought to do the same l" Far be it from us to make any at tempt to convince these persons by argument that they are in error. We cannot afford time for a task thankless and unprofitable. All that Wu desire to do is, to submit such suggestions, in a diffident a n d temperate manner, as may induce them to study t h e subject better, . and make some effort to comprehend it. We have asserted that a large portion of the circulating medium of Lancashire consists of trades men's bills, payable, not to the bearer at sight or on demand, but so many months after date ; and which bills pass current as if they were notes of the Bank of England. Our contemporary says, that these notes are not created by any acts of the Government —that they do not owe their existence to the Ines allre of Mr. Peel, which, it is expected, will come into operation in April next. We affirm that they do.. Here,. aherefore, is issue joined—here is a case to go to the Jury upon the facts. That these notes abound is admitted by every man conversant with business in Lancashire—that they never were so abundant as at this moment is equally incontestiblc —that they are used by bankers in a way never known before is inclisputable, and if these circumstances have not been produced by the last edition of the Currency Bill, how are they to lie accounted for ? The pro fits of country bankers are principally derived from lending their credit to others, which credit -costs them nothing Gut the p r i ce of starnp r s, paper, risk, the rent of their premises, and the salaries of their c lerks. For this credit the bankers charge an ad valorem custom of five pounds per centum per annum. if they are compelled to have g o ld i n t h e i r possession equal to the a mount, or nearly so, of. these transactions , it is p lain tha t they Ca nnot h azar d them at so low a rate of interest. If they have any unemployed cipital it is better to invest it in laud, or in the Funds, than lend it out to tradesme n , ma nufacturers, farmers, or others. The Government has interfered with their most profitable circulation, and it has passed a law to restrain them from issuing it after the sth day of the next month of April. Bat the banker has a right to avail himself 4.c'et't'fil i r means to defeat the effect of this law, raid be there fore, in Lancashire, and especiallt in Liverpool, has resorted to the small bill e4pedient. Werf; , he toAis count with his own notes, tbesomight be returned to him in an hour aft erwards,and gold demanded for them. He cannot afford to dISCOUrre liberally, and at the ' same time run the risk of being called on for gold. He, consequently, discounts bills with bills. Instead of giving notes payable on 'demand at a moment's notice, he gives these small bills, none of which, though endorsed by him, and which, contingent upon the credit of others, he is liable to pay, yet are lone fide the debts of others, and in nineteen cases out of twenty must be paid by other persons. He has by this means a safe mode of transacting busi ness, and deriving a profit, not from one-pound notes payable on demand, but from bills payable at cer tain dates, and endorsed by numberless persons.— That this mode of meeting the wants of the public owes its origin to Mr. Peel's measure, is as clear as that the sun shines. It never was heard of till lately. It is a desperate and a most undesirable ex pedient; but it has been caused by the measures of the Government, and they will be called upon at no distant day to answer for the - effects of it. It is a deplorable state of things—it is a prelude to a panic, which will eventually. crush those who have for several years battened upon its profits in London. Our contemporary accuses us of endeavouring to ex cite alarm in the armory. Paltry imputation ! It is that of a parish beadlo, when any allusion is made to his authority or his tyranny. Our -contemporary might to know that this " alarm" requires no stir ring on stir part. It rages from one end of the king , dom to the other. It pervades every class of men, from the landowner to-the farmer, from the lord of a thousand sheep-walks to the industrious wool grower, from the banker to the humblest trader. All look forward with intense anxiety to next year. As to the "prosperity" which the Post speaks of, we should like to know where it is to be found.— The Mau who asserts Great Britain is in a prosper ous or contented state at this moment ought either to be confined in the nursery orplaced under a keeper. Let tl.e Poston this point, poll its London ;7upporters, the men and women who sell silks or tape, ribands, stoneware, periwigs, or pickles, and what will they say ? Why that such a summer as this, puffin°. St. Swithin aside, they never experienced in London. Few bills have been paid, few purchases have been made, no old debts have been liquidated, and the town has fled to the country, leaving almost all its obligations behind it. On this point the Post, we should think, has the Means of satisfying itself by inquiries in the proper quarter. The attempt to refute our statement as to the admissions of the Duke of Wellington, by an appeal - to certain speeches of his Grace, is more ingenious than convincing. It is not our province to inquire what the Noble Diike is reported to have' said on this or that occa sion : we deal only with facts. We only assert that his Grace has admitted, in a letter written by him self, that Mr. Goulburn's calculations were under, rated, and that many of his statements on the Budget were false. We are restraimed from allud ing to the correspondence in w hich these admissions arc made, but what we state we state on authority, which, as we said befOre, is above suspicion. But we shall be more explicit soon. (FRONI THE NEWS.) TORYISM AT ITS LAST SHIFT. " To tills condition it is come at last." The thorough-bred and thorough-paced back-bone Tory—or English Ultra in religion as well as po litics —now, like a hard-run fox, begins to lower hi s brush, and to show his teeth During the last few days, Lord Kenyon, a Protestant of the first water, has put forth a public letter-1,1)m which we may pretty well guess how it fares with the party, who have now, it seems, got wind of the pack of many coloured Liberals which are close at their heels.— The Orangemen are a little inclined to jhow fight, in Ireland; and certainly of all the mad tricks of their mad party, there never was a folly so bare faced. What chance would they liar,: with the great mass of the population in Ireland as raised by any overt and bloody act ;—by the massacre of a few Catholics, placed accidentally in their power They could not protect themselves against an ex termination in detail, if such a desolating contest were commenced; and, what is worse, the Go vernment could not protect them. Slaughter, and death would march, armed with fire and sword, through the island; committing a carnage that were perhaps without precedent from the date of the Christian Dispensation. There is no fury so horrible, so unmerciful, and so vindictive, as that Which is excited in the form of religious persecution; and the pent-up antipathy and animosity of seven centuries, if permitted suddenly to burst forth in the sister country—one of the blackest and bloodiest pages in the annals of Christendom would be added to the lengthened records of the mistaken zeal of enfuriated sects; but to my Lord Kenyon. Taking the Protestant Ascendancy-men to be what their actions proclaim them, and Catholicism to be what the Ultra Tories describe it to be, one thing were very evident, viz. that without any interference front others, Catholicism would beat its intolerant opponents to the ground in twenty-four hours. It is the elite of British Society; it is the nation—that stands between the excited Orangemen, with their daggers only half concealed in their party-coloured costume, and the lynx-eyed crowd s o f C at h o li cs resting on their swords. But for the superior sense, and the honest intentions of that very portion of society which the Ultras are constantly abusing— and for the hopes which the Catholics justly enter tain that their claims will be ultimately conceded by just men—the Protestant Ascendancy question would have been settled by the sword long ago, and 'the bigots would have been embalmed in their martyrdom. A crisis is, however, at hand ; its near approach is indicated by a thou sand circumstances ; and all parties seen) to be preparing for the worst. Taking the letter of Lord Kenyon, in connection with what has crept out, from the Tory Papers; and combining these lights with others—there can be no doubt that the question is to be settled in the next Session of Par liament ; and against that period, the Protestants are to fall in ; and every man " put his house in order." Lord Kenyon contends, in a candid way,— and in terms, which he admits he could not use in the House of Lords.,—that the King is with the PlN tcstants. He takes the interpretation of the late King, and of the late Duke of York, of the Corona tion Oath—viz. as a matter of conscience, that is binding on the Royal mind. " Whatever. might be the opinion of other persons," yet this deviation from the Constitutional maxim would place the sta tion of the King at variance with the existence of a responsible Administratimi.. We take the following words of the late King, as quoted by Lord Kenyon; and we ask whether it contains the language of a limited Monarchial power, as it is recognised both in the theory and the practice of the Constitution : " Will any one tell inc that my people will not sup port me, in governing according to my Coronation Oath ? I will walk to Charing-cross; and appoint •the first respectable nine ?ten I can find, for my Ca bin 4 Mini.gers, to support such principles, and I • am sure my people will support me. We will sup 'lose the late King weak enough to have made use o he was prepar e d to act upon it; what W° thi - danguage (for his Condu c t i s now matter of history) the natural inference ? Wh y that lie WilS eh or prepar e d to throw off the a i n t d" : l l ( . 11'1' 1 0 1;) : t e unso und mind, although a cari cature i n i tself, is r estraints of a. Constitutional Mi n i stry. This di lemmaprobable,—siiasituaotifmti pposi ng the Bing, highly lig n; the Royal Mind to be inconvertible to a c o mmon sense understanding of common sense terms. Wh en a British Soyereign finds that he has no men within the range of his Court, or of his Aristocracy and Commons, that would venture to advise him on the pursuit of a policy. which vas opposed. to the judgment of parFamelit and to public opinion; and he chose to go out on the highways to pick a Cabi net that was as obstinate and bigotted as himself, — to what end were it if that Cabinet could not com mand the majorities (2f the • House? he present King has Ablit and Ministers about him now, 1% 110 were the most likely persons on earth to join him in continuing the system of exclusion ;- if they thought it were in the power of the Crown to command a Parliament that would support them and stand by them to the end. But a respell-. sible Minister has something else to look to, beside ,the personal prejudices of his Sove reign, When the Parliament shall concur • in the expediency of granting the Catholics their rights,—the King will not stand out, because he has no ground to stand upon. He may dis solve the Parliament; but what would that do for him ? The country would return another Parlia ment.more opposed probably - to his views; and if he refused to acknowledge them, they would proceed to exercise their functions ; and the country would be in a state of • civil war. Our Noble Protestant !And says, in speaking of " the present crisis of the question,"—" It seems about to be terminated by the Legislature, in the next Session, whether Ire land is or is not henceforth to be given rip to Popery :" " I cannot refrain," he says, " fr om imploring the real Protestants of the Empire to step forward, and by their declarations and exertions call down the ,mercies of Heaven, -to rescue our Pro testant brethren in Ireland, and the glorious Con stitution of the British Islands, from such a curse as the restoration of power to Popery." Now, in the first place, Ireland is given up to Popery, because it is essentially Catholic; and therefore they (the Catholics) have the more power, and the better reason to pray and to demand that they shall not be given to Ultra Protestantism. How the "Decla rations" are to be franied, so as to "call down the mercies of Heaven," as Belligerents in a war upon mankind, for abiding by a conscientious faith in their God, we know not, and should never venture to guess; but thei-e is something most shockingly wicked and blasphemous in the very idea of such a thing The next Session may decide the question; and we hope it will. As Protestants, we do not fear the result ;but we should have fears for the continuance of a system of exclusion ; and if a terrible day of reaction arose, in a pertinacious adherence to such a policy, we should know how to censure•the men, who chose to place their lives on the struggle for redemption from such a galling wrong. " The lime is come," says Lord Kenyon, " when the Protes tants must defend or abandon their religion as apart of the British Constitution." If the religious bigotry that will not grant a man his rights, for presuming to think differently from others, on particulai subjects in religion—be a part of the Constitution of the land—it is the worser part; and the sooner we get rid of it, as a " part and parcel of the law," the better. " Let every parish declare its sentiments," says the Noble Lord. What then ? We should have probably the Parson and the Clerk; with the Blacksmith, Tailor, Shoemaker, &c., on one side; and should have counter declarations on the other ; urging the justice and the expediency of conceding equal and fair privileges to all men, and the bond of national harmony. The country would be divided— on parchment—and the cry of Justice, from the ma jority, would resound far above the howling wail of " No Popery!" which amounts to no more than crying" No difference of opinion !" " No daylight !" " The Immortal Memory," and " The liberty of reading the Scriptures all .!n one way!" We shall conclude our notice of the active steps now taking by the back-bone Protestants, by alluding to some hints thrown out to the English and Irish who op pose the Catholics. They are called.upon to attend to the writer, who will " avert a reproach, to which the Duke of Wellington might seem justly liable"— of being too favourable to the Catholics. The Duke is supposed to be thus addressed—" When Ireland shall be deluged in blood ; when civil Ivar shall riot in her provinces; when her towns shall be beleagured awl her houses burnt, will not every finger point to your Grace's Government as the author of these calamities ?" "No !" says the writer. " The Duke, like Death,' will come when he will come.' You are to ' give the Catholic dog rope, and he will hang himself.' If you stop them now,' you will only scotch the snake, not kill it." There is advised to be some snug and sly waiting and watching till the days are shorter and the nights longer and dallier; the Duke sees all this like a good- General, and is stopping for the battle to begin; and then he will have an excuse forgoing to work. " Then"—! (we take the words of a Tory writer, known to he somewhat in the confidence of the Duke) :---" Then will the Duke pop down upon them, with all the • strength, the vigour, the energy, the prudence ! the means and the might of his Majesty's Most Gra cious Government ! ! !" This transforming of Go vernment into a sort of wary animal of prey, is so monstrous, that it could have been only dreamt of in the hell of some ripe and revolutionary mind,. that thirsted for blood: If the Duke do not connive at such bloodhounds in his train, let him denounce and prosecute them; or his " system of Government' will soon like to " fright the isle from its propriety ;" " cry havbe I- and let slip the dogs of war!" (FROM THE EXAMINER.) LIBERALITY OF THE WELLINGTON HEART, AND STRENGTH OF TILE WELLINGTON MEMORY. For the last week it has been our daily joy to read of the Duke of Wellington's water-drinking at Cheltenham, and, in common with the rest of the world, we have stored our minds, we hope not Ml prof tably, with the number and capacity of his beakers. Nothing has indeed been wanting to the fullness of historical knowledge, but the detail of their consequences, which the squeamishness of the age forbids to be recited. Were it riot for this re straint, with what news we should be regaled The Duke has, however, flown front Cheltenham, and we have no longer the satisfaction of reading that on such a day he drank such a glass of water, at such a Spa. But, as might be supposed, his Grace has not gone from Cheltenham without leav• ins something behind him. Ile has left a huge mea sure of the liberality of his heart, a sovereign in magnitude, and a token of the strength of his me mory of an old-soldier-recollecting power. The case may be resolved into this arithmetical form :—As a sovereign tip is to the recollection of an old soldier, so is the Duke of Wellington's action to the libe rality required. Or in algebraic terms : an old sol dier, plus one sovereign, is equal to the liberality of the Wellington heart, equal to twenty shillings. " We have two anecdotes which the Duke has left behind him here, which at once shew the liberality of his heart and the strength of his memory. • lie was struck a few mornings since by the face of an old soldier, in the Well and for a few mo ments gazed at him. The man observing that he was noticed, instantly pulled off his hat, and was asked by the Duke, whether he had ever seen him (the Duke) before ? Yes, your honour, I saw you at Salamanca.' The Duke, to try the accuracy of the tale, asked him how he recollected the fact ? your honour rememberS; replied the Veteran, you drew our regiment out into line yourself, and the French would not give us battle that day, but we got at them next morning, your honour, by six, and here is a wound which I received when we turned their left flank,' sheaving the musket-shot wound in the arm, the sleeve of which he removed. The sol dier mentioned his regiment, the precise name of which we do not hmacdtatelv recollect, but the Duke instantly presented his old companion in arms with a sovereign. Next morning the Duke was attacked by an impudent fellow, who claimed ac quaintance with his Grace on the score of having given him a glass of water during the battle of Wa terloo. Bc off, you scoundrel !'said the Duke; ' I never took a glass of water during an engagement in my life.' As the impostor skulked off, the Duke watching his paces, exclaimed to the party who ac com;:anted him, I am sure that fellow was never a soldier in his " /give thee sixpence ; I will see thee damned first." The " glass of water" smacked too strongly of Cheltenham, lacking indeed the salt, and purse-aperient quality. Had the knave said that he had shaken the bullets out of the Duke's boots after the battle, the liberality of the Wellin,c,r tort heart, formed into close column, AVOIII , I doubt less have deployed into shillings. The Great Cap tain, though he escaped wounds through the divine goodness, was in the habit, according to authentic newspaperorep or o, of h av i ng hi s c l ot h es per f orate d like a s:eve with balls; and, when he stripped after action, round shot, grape, &c. would tumble from him by dozens. - We have thought it odd, that hea ven which has so just a care of th e great man ' s per son, had not more regard to his clothes. When a guardian angel is about the matter, it is surely easy to turn a shot another inch wide of the mark, but guardian angels never think of the tailor's bill, be cause they themselves wear no breeches. If these things were a little better considered, we are certain heaven would have spared the Duke's coats as well as his body. They should pray for this economy in churches. (FROM Tint SPECTATOR. LONDON UNIVERSITY-PROFESSOR FARISII 9 S LECTURES AT CAMBRIDGE. In looking over the list of Professorships esta blished by the London University, it has occurred to us as extraordinary, that in an institution which has aimed especially at catching the spirit of the age, there has been founded no lectureship to teach and explain the " arts of life," as they may be called ; the more p trticularly as at Cambridge there is. a foundation which has been worked upon with such singular ability and ingenuity as to attract universal attention. .In a course of lectures which occupies a part of two seasons at Cambridge, ProfesSor Parish expounds the principles and practice of the arts, from the cutting of a canal td the manufacture of a penknife or ahat, in a manner to render all his hearers conversant with the most essential - and ne cessary occupations of life. The canal is surveyed before the audience ; its soils are dug out and exa mined; it is supplied with locks and quays, until the whole swims before the eye. • With a like precision is a coal-mine sunk or a tea-cup spun. Every thing is to be seen at work in miniature. Professor Parish was not the first lecturer on the foundation, but he was the first who turned it chiefly to the arts. Per ceiving that there were no means of becoming ac quainted with those arts and manufactures which have enriched this country and made it celebrated to the uttermost limits of the earth, he set about mas-• tering their details, that he might be the organ of instructing the wealthier and more enlightened classes in the nature of their. processes. He set himself to work : ingenious and mechanical himself, he cultivated the society of practical 'mechanists, and at length made a complete tour of all the works, ma nufactures, and establishments in the kingdom— mastered their practice, and afterwards himself went through the whole of their devices on an exceedingly Minute scale. There is this difference between Pro fessor Parish's lectures and all others—that he does not simply teach theory or teach any thing else by word of mouth : the subject of the lecture is pro duced, if it is a work or a =Chine, and is seen to work ; if it is a manufacture, the article is made. Professor Parish digs - mines, dyes calico, and makes hats in the face of his audience. We should be glad to draw the attention of the founders of the two New Colleges of London to this point ; and that we may do so the more effectually, we will transcribe the de scription of Professor Parish's lectttres from the University. Calendar, which will give a general though a very imperfect notion of the usefulness of a course of this kind. " In the course of his lectures he explains the natural history of minerals, the theory and practice of mining, and of smelting metallic ores—of bringing them to nature—of converting, purifying, compounding, and separating the metals, and the numerous and various manufactures which depend upon them, as well as the arts which are more re motely connected with them, such as etching and engrav ing. He exhibits the method of obtaining coal and other minerals—the processes by which sulphur, alum, common salt, acids, alkalies, nitre, and other chemical substances, are obtained, and in which they are used—the mechanical process in the formation of gunpowder, as well as its theory and effects. Ile treats on the agriculture of the country, and shows the art of procuring and working animal and vegetable substances; the great staple manufactures of the country, in wool, cotton, linen, silk, together with the various chemical arts of bleaching, of preparing cloth, of printing it, of using adjective and substantive colours, and mordants and intermediates in dying, and the processes by which various products are obtained from vegetable and animal substances. He explains in general the nature of machinery— the moving powers, such as water-wheels, wind-mills, and particularly the agency of steam, which is the great cause of the modern improvement and extension of manufactures. Ile treats likewise on subjects which relate to the cariying on, or facilitating the commerce of the country, such as inland navigation, the construction of bridges, aqueducts, Inas, inclined planes, and other con trivances, by which vessels are raised or lowered from one level to anotker—of ships, flocks, harbours, and naval architecture. On the whide, it is the great design of theseslectures to excite the attention of persons already ac quainted with the principles of mathematics, philosophy, natural history, and chemistry, to the advancement of use ful arts, and by drawing their minds to the consideration of the most important discoveries of ingenious men, in all parts of the kingdom, to enlarge their sphere of amusement' and instruction, and to promote the improvetzent and pro gress of the arts." POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION- HOUSE.--TILE THAMES FISHERY.—The frequent violation of the rules prescribed by the LORD MA YO ft and Board of Aldermen, for the regulation of the fisheries on the Thames, has led to the appointment of some extra inspectors, or assistant water-bailiffs, whose duties are often attended with great personal risk, as the fishermen, from a variety of causes, but especially owing to the discharge of imput matter from the gas-manufactories, hare been re duced to the most deplorable state of poverty, of which des peration is the almost necessary consequence : so that whilst the City Authorities condemn the offence, they are compelled to pity the offender. On Saturday, a man, named Pearce, appeared before Mr. Alderman FA RERROTHER, who sat for the Lord Mayer, to complain of a violent assault committed upon him by some of these fishermen. The informations which have been lodged by Mr. Newman, the City Solicitor, on his behalf, stated, that he (Pearce) proceeded on Friday evening towards the Pool between Limehouse and Woolwich, where he per ceived several small fishing-crafts " standing" for shrimps, which practice is contrary to law. He, therefore, pulled towards them, and admonished them, in the first instance, hoping that they would desist; but finding thatnnavhiling, he made an attempt to seize one of the nets, when the man who held the clue-lines struck him a violent blow on the bead with a grapnel-iron, which knocked him down, and the rest of the fishermen approached, with the intention, as they said, of killing or drowning bins ; fortunately, however, some other boats were bearing down at the time, which caused the fishermen to sheer off. The parties are known, and there can be little doubt of their speedy apprehension. Three fishermen, who generally troll in the neighbour hood of Putney, Hammersmith, &c. were charged by the Inspector with using nets, the meshes of which - were of less dimension than is permitted at this season of the year. The offence in each case was fully proved, but the ALDERMAN, in consideration of the extreme poverty of the unfortunate men, was induced to remit the fine, detaining the nets, however, until the time when they might fairly be used. One of them, a wily old man, made a very ingenious legal defence. He contended, that laws were not framed for the oppression of any particular class of his Majesty's subkcts ; and he knew very well that the King had too good a heart to sanction any Act of Parliament which would be the means of preventing poor fishermen from getting an honest livelihood. The MAGisTATE did not presume to call in question the benevolence of 'the Royal heart, but he jocosely observed, that " the King himself had set up in opposition to the thhermen."—This was evidently an allusion to his Ma jesty's favourite diversion of Virginia Water. Another poor fellow, after being informed that his net was impounded, looked very melancholy,-tnd begged hard for the " rope," to which Alderman FAREBROTHER, in an under tone replied, that it was no longer his duty to pro vide " ropes," as he was not now a Sheriff. GUILDHALL —O n Saturday , an interesting little girl, nine years of age, was brought forward by a constable named Blundell, who informed the Alderman that last night about nine o'clock, he sawkhe child, and two younger ores, crying - at the corner of Angel-street, and ascertained that they had been just turned out of doors by their father, who lived in the street, and who had first severely beaten the one he produced, who exhibited a contusion on the fore head, and other marks of violence. On inquiry in the street, Ito was told that the treatment of the father and grandmother (the mother from his ill-treatment having given preference to the workhouse) was cruel in the ex- Wine, the grandmother occasionally dashing the young enes to the earth, kicking them, and declaring if she coo!4 kill them no other way, she would one d ay or other poison them. The father's behariour to the eldest was, if pos sible, worse; fur, in addition to flagellation, his custom was to fatten a heavy iron to the child's leg with a chain, which Was padlocked at the ancle, and in which state she had been from Tuesday last until Friday morning. He (Blun dell) took the two youngest home, and was directly attack ed by the unnatural father with a poker, who swore he would murder him for his interference, and levelled a blow at his head, which, had it taken effect, would pro bably have made his threat good. The two youngest were taken in by a neighbour, but the elder begged so earnestly not to be left, that he took charge of her till the morning. The cruelly unnatural conduct of this precious pair was proved by a number of witnesses living in - the house and street; anti the Alderman, after animadverting strongly on the dreadful depravity of the "old hag," as he designated the grandmother, ordered her to be committed for the Ses sions. The children he should turn over to the parish authorities, and require good bail-from their brutal, parent, to meet the arrangements made by that body In default of bail he was also locked up. BOW-STREET.—On Saturday Mrs. Cooke, alias Mrs. Sutton, alias Mrs. Stdmp, alias Mrs. Smith, alias 3.l;'s. - Saunders, Was again placed at the bar, but no fresh charge was made against her, and Rathmacher, of whom* she obtained a pianoforte, not having sufficient evidence to establish the charge of fraud against her, she was again re manded. There was a good deal said by the Magistrates, Sir R. BIFNIE and Mr. ILtr.r.s, and Capt. Pettinghall, about the supineness of the tradespeople who have suffered by the tricks of the prisoner, and who refuse to supra Captain Pettinghall, in the prosecution he is desirous of instituting against them. It was also stated that Mr. Fs.ss, the Secre tary to the Society for Prosecutirur Swindlers, had declined interfering ; he did not app e ar. ' Captain Pettinghall here upon observed, that it could not be expected that he should stand alone in this business, and take all the responsibility and very great expence of such prosecution upon himself. Sir R. BIaNIE said the Captain had done his duty, and the Magistrates had done theirs, and it was very much to be regretted that the tradesmen and the Society neglected to do theirs. These sort of people, who were so reluctant to come- forward and prosecute, were the most ready to east blame upon the police. Fagan, -the officer ; produced a number of letters and documents which he had found in the lodging of the pyisoner Borratt, alias Godfi ey, at No. 12, Francis-place, Friar street, Blackfriars' road. By these are developed some of the numerous frauds in which Mrs. Cooke and her gang have been engaged at Shoreham, Brighton, Highbury Park, &c. By the following letters, found amongst others, it would appear that the gang, under tl , :e firm of " Godfrey and C 0.," had commenced business as timber-merchants, and had attempted to take in the Norwegian timber-merchants - Park-place, Peckham, Oct. 24, 1827. Dear Sir;—l have been informed by Mr. Rodrick that Mr. Blasco is in town, therefore expected to have heard from you by him. I wish I had never seen him, or any of his party—am afraid he will be of no service to you. I wish to know if you mean to endeavour to keep on the business at Skc;tham : respecting the references, I cannot prevail on those that %vold do good. I shall expect to hear from you on Saturday morning, informing me your ideas; if you make your mind up not to stop, you had better come to me as soon as possible, that we may devise some other concern iu London. Mr. Blasco is obliged, I under stand, to keep out of the city, as there is something out against him. I believe he goes to Brighton to-morrow or Saturday with his horse, &c. ; in that case you know how to act. My respects to all friends. Your's truly, W. GERMAN. To Mr. W. Godfrey, 47, Ohl Steyne, Brighton. A second letter from Mr. German to Mr. Godfrey, Old Steyne, Brighton, contains the following extracts : I have not succeeded in getting the bills discounted, and, having been at such a heavy ex - pence lately, am Completely aground ; arid, being partieularlypressed on all quarters, am much . at a' loss what to do. lam afraid we must give up the idea of doing any good at Shoreham. There is no chance at present to open a banker's account, bUt it is very likely I might succeed better in a bankrupt's account. I see nothing else staring me - in the face, from the different disappOinttnimts I - am continually meeting with. I have given up the cargo of deals. lam extremely sorry it is not in my' power to assist you or myself at present, there. fore you must exert yourself, and do the best you can. Your's, truly. W. G. The following letter is a sort of key to the last. It is written by the person whom Godfrey and Co:endeavoured to defraud of a ship-load of deals:— Doter, August 29, Sirs,--Your letter, dated 27th itmant - , I duly received, and observed the conteats; but am sorry to inform you, that after I had wrote to Mr. Guillaume, at Shoreham, I was offered the same or the cargo hire, and in considera tion of the expellee in sailing from this port to Shoreham, I was forced to accept of that offer, so that I sold t.vo cargoes here, and I dare say you cannot blame me for so doing; but. as for the flume lam at your service. Will you have the goodness to send me an answer in return, what sort of a cargo you would wish to have brought you to Shoreham next voyage? I can assure you that I will use all endeavours to bring you as good a cargo in quality as any Norwegian merchants can send. In expectation of your answer, I am, your most obedient servant, P. G. SANDBERG. Mr. Win. Godfrey and Co., London. Others of the document related to a speculation which Mrs. Cooke, then going by the name of " Sutton," en tered into at Brighton, of the nature of which the fol lowing copy of one of her circulars will be a sufficient 4lescriptiiin : Magazin de Mode et de Noveaute s No. 47, Old Steyne, Brighton, near the York Hotel.—The conductress respect fully offers to the nobility, gentry, and visitors of Brighton and its vicinity, a splendid and elegant assortment of every individual article of female habiliment for their inspection, impressed with the assurance that, in regard to style, fashion, the quality of the various articles, and economy in charges, this establishment will be found in every respect equal to any-house in London or Paris. Foreign, wed ding, mourning, anu other orders executed with care and punctuality. When " the season" was over, the " conductress" and her whole establishment quitted Brighton without paying the bills of those tradesmen whom they had favoured with their patronage during their stay. After the failure of the gang at Hampstead, Mrs. Cooke, in the name of Saunders, by means of false references, ob tained possession of a richly-furnished house at flightily).; she there formed a deep-laid scheme for carrying on her frauds to a greater extent than'she had done on any former occasion ; and, but for an accident, she might have re ceived into her "parental" care a number of the junior branches of the most respectable families. She issued the following circular " ilighbury Park.—Establishment for Young L Alrs. Saunders respectfully begs leave to assure parents, guardians, and the friends of female youth, that the most unremitting attention will be paid to secure those young . ladies intrusted to her care the advantages of a superior education. I.iberal and enlightened minds have admitted the disadvantages resulting from large e stablishments ; where it cannot be reasonably expected that, where un limited numbers are received, on the principle of economi cal charges, that due attention can be paid to the improve ment of each individual, In the various branches of edu cation. Indeed, at many seminaries, the additional charges frequently mislead, and surprise those whose views have been directed to an economical establishment. Mrs. Saunders respectfully submits her system and charges, for the appro bation of those, who, in placing tlrir daughters or wards at a seminary, are desirous of ensuring a solid, ornamental, and liberal education, under the eye of a parent, whose anxious study it will be to conciliate and secure the affec tion. of her pupils ; and by every indulgence and attention to their comfort, health, and intellectual improvement, unite all the ideas of home with the acquirements of a seminary. —Mrs. Saunders's establishment consists of a select number; therefore the restraints and formality of. a boarding-school are dispensed with, .and the young ladies will consider themselves as in a family." The terms were 100 guineas per annum, exclusive of masters. Those who have children under their- care would do well to take a caution from this, and make strict inquiries into the character of "Est iblishments" of this description before they send their daughters to them. One of the ac complices of this " Mrs. Saunders," alias Mrs. Cooke, she calling herself Esther Eliza Drumntonfl, who was examined with her husband, Drummond, and the rest of , the gang, was the companion of "Mrs. Saunders," alias Mrs. Cake, and would, no doubt (being a clever and ac complished woman), have been an yr:s/stunt in this ",Esta blishment for Young Ladies ;" and, in her trunk , l'Agan, the officer, found, whim he took her into custody, a well thumbed book, in which, as the officer expressed himself, were some of the most beastly p'etures he ever saw. It is a curious fact that Mrs. Parkinson (who was held to bail a day or two ago for uttering stolen notf.s of the Greenock bank) was a witness in the brief' with Godfrey (and we observ e d her in the office during part of M rs . Cooke's examination) ; and that Mr. Parkinson, her bus. band, was one of the persons the Cooke and Saunders' gang referred to for character, at the tune they were car t vino on their frauds in Beaumont-street. Mr. HALLs observed, that these facts s h owe d h ow rely extensive were the ramifications of th e f rau d s w hi c h had' been carried on by the prisoner and the other parties who were in custody. Fagan -ailed the attention of the Magistrates to several memorandums in one of Banatt's, alias Godfrey's, com mon-place hooks :—Mem. Cecil -court, St. Martin's-lane, a cheap cook-shop. (Laughter.) Mena. Bedford Head, Southampton-street, Covent-garden, good singing Tuesday and Friday evenings._(Laughter.) Mew. Paid fees of Neutgate, Bs. Nem. Bed at Dotter Butler's, corner of Covent-garden. When they residerl in Chelsea, Mrs. Cooke made 4 9 1" pear that she was a West Indian, and received her-remit tances every quarter, at which time she promised to pay all demands. The tradesm en o f w h om s h e h a d obtainea, goods were induced to believe that she was a woman 0. the re.pectability and character she represented, from the, circumstance of her bein g .in posses s i on o f Captaintinghall's house., This louse she had taken for twelve months, at the rent of 140 guineas, which she und.r" " should be paid quarterly. Am ong th e tra d esmen ismc n ' she had defrauded, and who se cases h ave n ot bean- made, public, was, Mr. 'White, of Duke-street, Chelsea, of w ig " she obtained grocery to the amount of 91. Mr. 1 18 !F e4 of Church-lane, butcher, supplied the house with.;:me: t " principally rump-steaks, to the amount of 18/.' I ‘ ll- * Wilson, of Charles-street, baker, is her creditor to the, amount of 41. A green-grocer near the Admiral KtpPel . ::; in the Brompton-road, has a cl a i m u p on h er to th e onnumq of 3/. A 'inilkman, in. Bury-street, has also a chim-olx' n her to th e amoun t o f 21. 10n. Mr. Pye, a fishmonger, o ' , Knightsbridge, supplied the house with fish, cbieflY oysters, to the amount of 51. 10s. A shoemaker, in-the' Fulhara-road, has also a claim to the amount of above 2 " , Mrs. Cooke and her friends had also the use of a.one-hor' carriage for several days, sail the hire of that remains un paid. The persons whom they had defrauded would in elude nearly, all the tradesmen in the neighbourhood wher e they sojourned.—The prisoner is to be brought up ar i " this day. MARLBOROUGH-STREET.—An elderly resrct; able-looki ng man , win) gave his name Esa u Campbeh; Was charged with indecently exposing his person to a yowl female in the service of Mr. Dulan, the foreign booktitite i. in Soho-square. It appeared by the evidence of the complainant, a veil decent and modest young girl, that the prisoner came on iday, _in the. afternoon, -to Mr. -llulan's shop, and Bike' for some "imperfections," - that is, certain missing of books published by Mr. Du!au. The young man iot"I shop at the time, having occasion to go t o _ ano th e r part 0 f the house to look f o r th ose "i m p er f ect i ons, " he rettneted the complainant to stay in the shop with the prisoner, during his absence. This she accordingly did, and th prisoner . begati to converse th her about . the fineness nz i the weather, th e b eau ty o f th e c o un t ry at t hi s sea son of the year, •as compared with London, &s. At this time she was standing at the shop-door, which was closed, 00k ing into the square, and the prisoner was sitting on a chair very near her, and on her suddenly turn 7 ng round to set the shopman was returning, she saw the prisoner's Pen n exposed in a most indecent manner. [Here she described the mode of expOsure, which was of a very Offensive nature.] The shopman having come back, without being able just then to find the "imperfections," the "prisnOe r went away, but returned again the same evening for- 111 0 "imperfections," and the complainant, having in the nle ll . l l time made known his indecent conduct, be was given int ° the custody of a constable and taken to the watch-house. The prisonor was ordered to find bail to meet the charge , at, the Sessions, and in default he was locked up. QUEEN- 8 QUA R I?, George Greenwoodwasebard with beating his wife in a most brutal manner. The husband, in his defe . nee, said iislvrfew as given If drinking. Tl.is defence was positively contradicted ; wherene the husband said that his wife was jealous of her nieP' wholivel with them. Niece —Jealous of nr, indeed ! I wonder at your ime, (fence, Sir ; d o y ou thi n k I wou ld h ave any t hi ng to 14 to mit a fellow as you ? flu.band—She is jealous of you, that's all I can say. I Well, repli e d th e n i ece , you are a b out t h e l ast o b je ct' should think of--I can have your betters any day. Sortie smart words then took place on both sides, whe t it was inti ma t e d to t h e M ag i strate that the parties w i s hed to s , parate, and the defendant would allow his wife a a le Palate maintenance. This was agreed to, and the delet e dant was bound in his own recognisance to keep the po ce r ; The peace; howeier; was not kept Wig; for in ash tithe the wife returned to the office, and got another gra', rant i,gainst her husband for breaking .her head wi th glass bottle. TOWN-lIALL.—On Saturdav,lthe driver of one of the Richmond stages to St. Paul's, was charged before k g ; Alderman SMITH with comm i tt i ng an assau l t u pon tri pretty young wife of a milkmau, in the Borough-road .. • Tne fair unfortunat e , w h o was a t ten d e d b y h er houl" . 1 and her . husband's s o li c it or , a f ter an _interesting ,preludt delicate confu s ion, commenced- the recital of h e r %log', by stating that she hid known the prisoner for about elf weeks, for her first introduction to him being at the GOON and Gridiron, in St. Paul's Church-yard, where she are with her brother-in-laic, and a female acquaintance. T he r. stayed an hou r , an d t h e pr i soner insisted . upon seeing " e h - 6 part of the w a y h ome , s h e consente d , an d as they we nt fn proposed her g i v i ng h er h us b an d t h e " go- b y " ( to wh ° o she had been marri e d a b ou t a tnonth—a little month) ". live with him, and be his dear," and that he would br' n u his coach for her the next day in the good man's abse? re " Alderman SMITH—And did you consent to that also'th, " Y---a—e--s" sque e z e d o u t th e gen tl e d ame , at leg after a deep sigh. itd Alderman SMITH—So, then, you were scarcely 1na r . . 41 a month, when you consen t e d t o e l ope w i t h a stra nge '" ee on the first asking ? But, proceed, we . shall imPOve we go. on. ate° " A few days afterwards," she continued, " be e- „it when my husband was f rom h ome , an d then the complained of took place. Alderman SMITH—And did you cry out? The Attorney—Your Worship, the door was locked. ad Alderman SMITH—But her mouth was not. Well' a .. ....,.... -- when did y ou i n f orm your h us b an d o f it? - . rhe lady said in a day or two. all The coachman was then asked if h e wi s h e d to Pi . 0 thing, and answered, nothing further than that_ it ol he y his coach-box, and not at the Goose and Gridiron, . first became acquainted.as R . . The Ahlermm said; it, was of small consequence , , A t was clear no assault bad been cm - unfitted, and le ' l '7 . , liberty to go about his btisiness. - il The Commission was opened at .Cardigan ° the ISth ult. by Sergeant lizywoon: There was no t o ne prisoner fur trial, the ofteers' wands were therefore tie, nor:awl with white ribbons. _ to From the accession o f Ki ng GEORGE 1 11 ' the pr e aeut ti me , b e i ng a per i o d of 69 years, there . b u sf o e f been 81 Bish o p s a p po i n t e d i n t h e E sta bli s h e d Cbor e ",,; Ch England and Wales. The following list shows to tI of the 26 Scea the new appointments have been Ml' ; London, 1; Bangor, 1 ; Hereford, 1 ; Chicheste r ' b, Norwich, 3 ; Lichfield and Coventry, 3 ; Peterboroug6; 3 ; Lincoln, 3 ; Exeter, 5 ; Gloucester, 5 ; Carlisle' st. Rochester, 5 ; Oxford, 6 ; Llandaff, 8 ; Chester, B ', .11 David's, 11; Bristol, 11 ;—Total, 81. By this i t - „ j , be seen that Canterbury, York, Durbam, Winc b ~ 11 1 , Worcester, Salisbury, St. Asaph, Ely, and Bath and ilenod have always during the time before-mentioned, bee n by translation.. BIRTHS. d rie;` On the 3d inst., at Dorking, Surrey, Mrs. Fi l-e Young,. a sn. dy of On the of sth o inst., at the vicarage, Tuxford, the 16 the Rev. 'E. B. Elliott, of a son. of a On the 4th inst., at Higlibury, Mrs. John CattleYt daughter. MARRIED. , C. On the 6th inst., at St. Pancras new amen, •—• Hodgson, of the Grange-road, Bermondsey, to nlm,a' youngest daughter of William Lewis, Esq., of Oenaburgn street, Regemt's-park. On the sth inst., at Starst o n, N or f o lk, by the Reßev VV. Alfred 01; P. spencer, M.A., r ec t or o f S tars t on , th e R e livant, M.A., Fell o a of Trinity- College, Camlsr id g e y Alicia Olivia, daught er o f Li eu t enan t-G eu eral Spence r, o Bramley Gran ge , Y or k s hi re. On the 6th i nst . ; at S treat h am, J o h n Elli o tt Fox, FM . ; of Finsbury-shout=, to Mary, eldest daughter of Hear , Howl, Esq., of Upper Tooting. On the 4th inst., Mr. W. H. Sadgrova, of Brixton,'. lieitor, to Julia Crole, eldast daughter of Mr. John HO' mond, of Rotherhithe. On the 4th inst., at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, by the C. 11. D. Griffith, Mr. John Angus, of that town, to MO.. A. Temporley. _ rr ito On the 4th inst., at Ho!beton, by th e R e v. J. L. 1 111 ,. t he Captain Harris, of the Lith Lancers, youngest son or e s late John Harris, Esq., of Radford, to Jane Diana, you l l d daughter of John Bultrel, Esq., of Fleet, in the county . Dtvon. DIED. • r°' On the 3d inst., at his seat in Bedfordshire, after 4 . P -el tracted illness, John Polhill, Eq., of Cave , iii sll.llll age O d n 7o tlie 6th inst., at Wal.vorth, sincerelY riiretitifelr' Frances, eldest daught er of Mr. J o h n Join - Woo', of Pudd lane, Lower Thames -street, aged 31. t r ( On the 3d instant, aged 62, much and desereed,Y 0 , spected, Jane, wife of Mr. Robert Ste h neoit -of Etfro, place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. PRINTED anti PLJELIsHED by MURDO v r: at tho sus °mos, 112, STRAND, LONDON. I