The Sun. — London, England, 1841-12-15 00:00:00

114 Iv' 0R IN TNT' c TT* COM BINATION OF LANDLORDS To ARREST THE PROGRESS OF SOCIETY. (From th e B erw ick Advertiser.) (I:: B erwickshire possesses in its water-power, cheap ! , 4 1 1 " ne ," and ab un d ance o f f ue l , an d f ac ili t i es o f trans ""ssi°n, very considerable advantages for the establish : k raen t of manufactures ; and yet with the necessity of j e r ) , j eg up a continual stream of emigration into other o r t nets, in order to drain off the redundant population . I , ll e county, manu f actures are a ll b ut tota ll y un k nown Within its bounds. A stranger may be supposed likely to ascribe the jatioi?ary chara c t er o f t h e popu l a ti on i n th e M erse to the e!imat e being inhospitable, and the absence of so „Y industrial pursuits fitted for the district to indolence or ignorance of the people. s s tit surmises, w e need not say, would be Bt ' a ,s ll Y erron eous — t h e c li ma t e i s an exce ll e nt one, 41 1.1.4 the p eop l e natura ll y i nte lli gent an d enter , .f t l l 'ing• How then does it happen that emigration be forced on the inhabitants of the district to I ‘, l e " cal extent as to keep its population stationary ; and ""Y have they not rather introduced into the county some of t h ose pursuits to gain a l i vel i hoo d b y w hi c h t h ey t have to go else w h ere an d l eave h om e and friends ? Dif ehr.ent causes will n o d ou bt be assigned for this state of Nags, but we well know that we speak in concurrence tha t the a ll b ut un i % ersa l pu bli c op i n i on w h e n we say 'at the industry and energy of the county are curbed an d beaten down by its landed proprietors. These are 11 t, few in number, and, from motives the most puerile short-sigiited, are banded together almost as one tll arl, to prevent the river sides and valleys of the e i: 44 tY producing anything but cattle and corn. t : (s fing at the immense additional value given h - l and in the counties where manufactures rave been introduced, it might be supposed that this eaolation on the part of the Berwickshire lairds pro ceededr from the most disinterested motives—from some roma ntic and wholly unselfish desire to preserve the Fellas a rural Paradise, where noise and smoke (l e " be for ever unknown. But they make no secret It their rea l motive—an i ncrease of emp l oyment, t h ey ci a , wouldcause an increase of population, arid an t o e e rea r of population (such is lairds' logic) would tend n increase of parochial burdens. And therefore it :othat they rigidly exclude all manufactures from the k i u r n ,t3', being ena bled, by m e a ns of the pr e s e nt " ad -1)0 ab le „ system of Scotch Poor-laws, to drive out their 7 to find employment or charity in other districts. I : would be eas y t o a dd uce a b un d anc e o f f a cts in °f of what has just been stated ; but the truth is so Ell known in the district that proof is scarcely neces• Y* For the sake of those at a distance, however, we 01; Rile one or two instances in illustration, and shall tol is l° with the most recent. The principal exception h e "e absence of manufactures from the county, has 1;', 11 the paper manuf ac tory of the Messrs. Trotter at p k ", 4 nbou se near De ns e ( t h e d ea th o f the senior t ear of w hi c h fi rm, we regre t to recor d in our obi forY of this week). This manufactory has existed nearly a century, and has Luray afforded A ri p a --tiou to about a hundred individuals. Many 4 this has lived in comfort, and reared his family, ocheB Sequestered spot, and the mills have been in lit b r and obvious respects a great benefit to the loca- V d trhere th ey are s i tuate d . B ut t h e ne i g hb our i ng St I 11 " things in another light—and have succeeded h a ,ait in gett i ng r id o f t h e " nu i sance ." Th e w ills 41' 4 4 been built on leasehold property, and the lease toot near its ex pi r y, a renewa l was soug ht, but peremp f, h 'Y refused, an d t h e l a i r d d ecree d th a t the whole 1e 44 9 e should be levelled with the ground—that the tp r acturer with his valuable machinery should be ex he°. and the wor k men and their families sent to seek p ot ir bread elsewhere. The laird of Broomhouse is Suit 11 solitary instance. After receiving notice to thepm: ,t 1 .,V,. 1 e firm we have named surveyed the banks of kb, yv hattadder and Blackadder for some spot !ma tt: for the reconstruction of the doomed establish tio,") bet were on all hands met with the expres " al a determination to have no manufactories in f r o ar district." At last a purchase of a suitable spot I N ? an absent p ropr i etor h a d p ar tly taken pl a ce, when 1 1 4 °I the n e i g hb our i ng l a i r d s t oo k th e a l arm , and, wi th n g the ear of th e intending seller, inspired him to re} Portion of th e i r ow n spirit, and persuaded him ri u e s t e or, within completion of the purchase. Another afte r a few miles of our own town, was th e w ards found disposed to sell a suitable site, and wit : t ansfer of th e proper t y was a b ou t t o take pace, 4 44... the own er o f t h e b an k on t h e o pp os it e side of the 4 44 .1 refused his assent to the erection of the to 4 1 1 ,7 " eauld," and the project had again " aband one d. Th us h un t e d through the th e nt Y , there seemed to be no alternative for 464 rotlemen named but to abandon the es ' ferti i l 4 ° lent or t rans f er it t o so me other district, when ; • 'o th e h ato,, a sale of some property occurred which was a nd it ','l'd of trustees bound to accept the best offer, a re nu ' r . into the hands of the Messrs. Trotter, who acnager erectin g a large paper-mill on the spot. As a e stdbli s h men t,'h o wever, of the same kind has 44 %.4: x13 ted at this place, the Lairds have not been Jee t 4- of having succeeded i n the patriotic oh- - -4 0 pi:' l °g one manufactory less in the county. We flop o i;ea the history of this case merely as an illustra- Of on e the system," and as affordin g some ex pla na ti on ki l i re ' Portion of the " phenomenon" whi c h B erw ; c k- Presents to those at a distance. of Ua th e other and , ?ertainly the more strange portion the phenomenon, the means, namely, by which the lai rds manage to rid themselves of the redund an t popu iit4l ,en , whom they prevent finding employment at home, obvious we cannot enter at present. This topic sill afford some instructive illustration of the wisdom ' 4l benevolence of the Tory lairds, (tor a Whig laird is dlI but unknown in Berwickshire), who, while their' or gans l ,,, maintain that it would be better for England ere her manufactories " engulphed in one ruin," and i:," 13 have such an intense dread of the " demoralize -1;1141 which attended them, yet annually send off, to be supported by this demoralizing and hated employ tti". the overplus of their own population,—aye, and - aged who have spent their strength in their service. (From the Morning Chronicle.) h en —4l ease cargoes of destitute human beings have th' a Conveyed of late from this country to Ireland, and thl ! 'rah papers are loud in their complaints against 11 4 Ie ountry on that account. One shipment of 130 p a u been follow e d by an other of " . three hundred Irish ti n e'ra, man, t women, i;: a deek." Th and children, huddled together e Cork Southern Reporter says that if freighted with this last cargo, " had not and discharged her living cargo at so early an feat In the morning, there would have been a mem dile)," of indignant feeling which it would have been , 1/ 1 111. . 11 , indeed, it would have been proper, to repress.' Alai n a tale tlld by the manufacturers at Derby ex s'llY these cruel shipments are resorted to. laad' lla and disease are stalking over the towns of Eng. % Ni tta(' the law of self-preservation absorbs all minor vhuerations. liov e e ' e argoes of human beings sent from England N ay Itistither h ouse not h ome i n Ireland, and their fate int o f .` 4 easil y ant i c i pate d. Every Irish paper we look tot4 t ruishes us with accounts of the large multitudes day l os t at to die. Tne Newry Examiner, of Satur ,?tle 404 - contains an account of one hundred and ninety k"riren r s, Many of them above eightylpars .of age, '144 from one estate, the lands of their fathers, after th,zgrst et • A o f p artic le of property, . and • `.left rippe. every the e f ts wander, penniless, without a home, as exiles Irish la nd of their birth. We can easily believe the J oh -rnalist, that many of them have already died of Ti... 410 1‘ a nd want. 4JA ' LA GER OF (CARRYING FOWL ING PIECES UNCOCKED. 7i 4 11 ° .. illu strate the danger of the usual practice of car-t e _ 1 6 , e a ,_gan uncocked from a supposition of the safety of It ! : Yer: "hat: in that state, I will mention a few cases out att t 4 Many i n w hi c h thi s unfortunate habit has been e d with f a t a l conseque nces or severe injury. Se- f ' 4 7. ' ' llli ae, Years ago a young man, the intimate of a friend of qter having enjoyed a day's shooting, was ar n ; good ill' 'est ' ri g home with a friend who drove him in gig. J 'bt lv all accident might happen to his gun, he earr!leadmi-t ker, e ,, ell his legs, and fur safety had let down the _ °ff then the nipples. Unfortunately he had not taken 0)„ each 0 co pper -caps, and one e ec q ) of his feet, back, and the happening to ch arge ne of the hammers, drew it slightly % It I !,ead ge ti was driven like a bullet literally through his 4 e4tt e l ;'',; top of his skull being blown off and his brains ' A e't about the road. llis death was instantaneous. 1). 1 Nic e rY short time back some inconsiderate or ignorant _ th e ` 4l took a loaded fowling-piece with him on one 1 . 14 .--,:d ai ! w aYs. Of course it was taken from . him,. g a m nd . 41 1 , 5...... 11 1 the boot under the seat. Here again the _ Perhaps fur security, as may have been imagined re left upon the nipples, which were armed with PPer. „ „ c aps, in order to be ready for action. On arriv ' ,C the station, where the owner of the gun intended th e %lit, one of the porters drew it towards him by 44 1 . 11 zzle, which was the only part that presented it fi of ti;: e T le of the hammers caught against some portion Se L , - ,,, 4l ,ggage in the boot, the piece went off, and the ;41:','ctiled one than, and seriously wounded another. 46 tt , i r iend of mine last season lost one of his fingers has i i ,;a i ding one barrel of his gun while the hammer qi11.,,,,`","0wn upon the cap of the barrel that was already tl e r (1 :, While ramming down the wadding, one of his l intl , l _,„- °l ied upon the hammer, drew it back, and the ji - i ,lng off carricawith it one of my friend's fingers, g r eat inflicted inflicted so serious a wound that be suffered at'al c a ß gun3' for four months, and the stump was not hi° " and his health re-established for nearly a twelve jrr nth. e ramping a hedge or ditch gun in hand, if you will'ason to exp ec t th a t ga me is on the other side and ' e 4 t„ -nt sprung by the noise you are likely to make, do , t hat account be induced to carry your gun . on !It - I, t)eK • A. slip a stumble, or a mistake of any kind, ' 'avi; 7 f atalf to 3 7 0 u or to some one else, or perhaps to a :rite -° g• Al( u!over, people who are in such a hurry ! tee or., t oot well, and if you have accustomed yourself, Jikt cord with m y di rect ions, to cock your gun only Pikti t e ef ''''e you a re go i ng to t i re , you m ay jump in com •,, "tead ave safety with y our p i ece at h a lf-cock, and be as 11 : to blaze away us at any other time. first , , three great po i nts for avo i d i ng acc id en t s are— ciny 07 ; ° ,; i `eeP your gun c le an ; secon dly, l aver to point it at ra th ree ; and thirdly, t o carry i t at half-cock : and these leetkile3 cannot b e t oo d eep l y engraves on the rccob re ttso n ,of all those who handle fire-arms, for which have recapitulated them.—Oil Sporting Mag. REDUCTION OF THE FRENCH ARM 1. The Moniteur of Monday, received by Ex press, contains a long and most important Report, addressed by Marshal &MILT to King Louis PHILIPPE, recommending a reduction in the Army to the extent of one company in every battalion. Annexed to the Report is a Royal Ordinance approving of the pro posed reduction of the troops, and ordering 15,000 horses to be disposed of, The number of the reduced force is 89,000 men—being some thing more than one-fifth of the present stand ing army of France. This will effect a saving to the country of thirty millions of francs, or nearly a million and a quarter sterling. This great saving is at present of the utmost import ance to France, whose - pecuniary resources have been exhausted by the fortifications of the capital. To Europe, too, this measure is of considerable moment, as it serves for a guarantee that no attempt will be made on the part of France to disturb the repose of Europe. Moreover, should M. THIERS wriggle himself into office it will be impossible for him again to menace the peace of the world without making such a stir in the recruiting service as to put Europe upon its guard. The French Three per Cents., the 13th De cember, at the Cafe de Paris, 78f. 40c. CORN-LAW COMPENSATION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Stn,—The leader in the Times of this morning on the subject of the claims for compensation ad vanced at the Conference at Derby, induces me to endeavour to. point out the experimental proof furnished by the leader aforesaid, that a bounty on foreign corn, in duration and magni tude equal , to , the past duty, is the form in which the demand for compensation is most ef fective, and least easily opposed. A tax of 'twenty millions a-year upon the land may be easily repreSented (as it is the ten dency of the Times' article to do), as a mere effort to take beeause there is the power. But a bounty carries with kits own explanation. If a landowner exclaims against the horror of so depressing the value of his land, the reply is ready, " Why is it more horrible, than your in flicting a similar depression on the value of our manufacturing capital by a duty?" If the bounty is represented as amounting to " the overthrow of the whole:landed proprietary of England," this is promptly met by the question, why it should be any worse than " hallooing upon the premises of Mr. Strutt and Mr. Evans, and half a hundred other millocrat millionaires" with a duty. On one point the landowners are very dense, and they can hardly be blamed for it. They will not see, that the demand for a bounty rests on the ground of a judicial punishment; the same ground, in fact, which justifies the judge in decreeing the deprivation of property against the vulgar depredator on the property of his neighbours. If they plead the suffering—the very thing intended is that they should suffer. The object, whether they comprehend it or not, is to leave an example which shall deter future parties from acquiring legislative power, to turn it to the pecuniary robbery of their country. Yours very sincerely, T. PERRONET T.HOMPSON. Blackheath, Dec. 14, 1841. THE BRAGANZA STEAMER. We the undersigned passengers on board the Penin sular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's vessel, detained at Falmouth until the departure of the next weekly mail, in consequence of the Braganza's return to harbour, after having put to sea, conceive it to be our duty to make public the following statement of facts. The voyage from Southampton, usually accomplished with weather more unfavourable Ilan we encountered, in twenty hours, occupied thirty. The Braganza quitted Falmouth with the mails on Monday at noon, but it was soon evident that her speed was more than ordinarily slow, and it was remarked that her wheels made but seven revolutions a minute. A con siderable escape of steam through irregular channels was perceptible, and, owing to the leakage of her boilers, the pumps were constantly going. At half-past seven, P.m.,although the Braganza was making four knots an hour, she was put about, as was subseqUently ascertained, in consequence of the engineer's report that the defective condition of her boilers prevented her generating suffi cient steam to work the engines effectively. Happi'y, although it was blowing a gale, with a heavy sea, we reached Falmouth Harbour about an hour and a half after midnight. In due course the boilers were emptied and examined, and the defects nominally repaired. The steam was again put on, and Wednesday, at noon, the Blue ,Peter was again hoisted ; but those who, even now, calculated upon pursuing their voyage were doomed to a new dis. , appointment, for it was soon apparent that the leakage had not been stopped. The pumps were once more at work, the mails were landed, and the Braganza returned to Southampton to be supplied with new boilers, which, we understand, to have been for some time in readiness ; *but which, owing to an insufficiency of steamers to perform the service, the Braganza has not yet been laid up to receive. With the loss thus occasioned to her Majesty's service we have nothing to do ; the penalty attached to the non fulfilment of the contract rests with the Government to enforce or forego, as it may deem fit ; but, with regard to our own personal inconvenience, anxiety, and risk, we conceive that we have just cause for remonstrance and complaint : the more so, because this is by no means a solitary instance in which vessels wholly unfit have been sent to sea by this Company, thereby subjecting the passengers to unnecessary delay, hardship, and peril. Not two months since, in the " Royal Tar," the passen gers were forced to work at the pumps, and when these were choked, to assist in baling out the water with their hats. The still graver case of the " Wilberforce," last year, must be yet in the recollection cf the public. Until an efficient control is exercised over this and other Companies, it is but too apparent that passengers cannot depend upon that due provision being made for their personal security which they are entitled to expect. It therefore behoves those who have been sufferers from such culpable indifference, to hold out a beacon to others. It is this conviction and this alone, which induces us to publish these facts. Had we been further at sea, or had the duration of the gale net favoured: our return to port, it is difficult to conjecture the disastrous results which mightphave ensued. Falmouth, 9th December, 1841. JOHN CLEMENS. MATTHIAS MAHER. J. M. HUGHES. M. O'DONNELL. JOHN SHORTER. G. BERESFORD. BREAKSPEAR IVENS. JAMES THRAPP. GEORGE It. PURDON, Clerk. JOHN AULDJO. JOHN MAHER. WEEKLY STATEMENT OF LON DON LETTERS, DEC. 14, 1841. THROUGH THE GENERAL POST. Four Weeks, ending Dec. 11, 1841 5,504,139 Corresponding period of 1840 4,408,706 Ditto, as nearly as can be given, of 1839 1,682,912 Increase since 1840, on the Four Weeks' Letters 1,095,433 Ditto, 1839, ditto THROUGH THE DISTRICT POST. Four Weeks, ending Dec. 11, 1841 1,787,325 Corresponding period of 1840 1,564,135 Ditto, as nearly as can be giveni; of 1839 1,021,386 Increase since 1840, on the Four Weeks' Letters 223,190 Ditto, 1839, ditto ACCIDENT BY LIGHTNING. On Friday, during the storm of hail and thunder which raged about one o'clock, an alarming accident happened at the new printing and dyeing works erecting for Messrs. Higginbotham and Co., near Little Govan. Mr. Fleming, cashier of the works, and Mr. Bow, con tractor for the brick-building, were standing in one of the flats of the new mill, looking at the large stalk, and con versing as to the propriety of keeping on a fire to dry it, when Mr. Fleming observed a ball of flame strike the south-west side of the stalk, and darting downwards, the concussion having occasioned a noise like the explosion of a gun. Immediately atter, it was ob served that the stalk was shattered and rent for the space of about twenty or thirty yards. A la bourer, who was employed in working lime at the foot of the stalk, was struck by the thunder bolt, and precipitated into a hole very near to the place where he was standing. On being lifted up, his arms and legs were powerless, and he appeared altogether debilitated for some time, when he regained the use ofilvis limbs, except one leg, the power of which, it is feared, he will not recover. Near the same place at which this person was struck, one of the joiners was en gaged in sawing a plank of wood, and the reflection was so strong from his saw as almost to blind him for a few minutes. The wall of a building erecting adjacent was also struck and broken. The stalk, which was re cently finished, is the largest in Glasgow, and, in respect to building, has a very regular and beautiful appearance. Its height is torn hundred and twenty feet, and it mea sures seven feat in diameter at the top. The extent of the damage does not appear to be great, but it may be found, when examined by tradesmen, to be somewhat difficult in repairing. Mr. Higginbotham was at the works a few minutes after the casualty happened. — Glasgow Argus. ---------- WORTH KNOWING. --- The difficulty of get ting h:rses from a s t a bl e w here surround in g buildings are in a state of conflagration, is well k nown, and that in consequen ce o f such difficulty, arising from the ani mal's dread of sti rr i ng f rom t h e s cene of destru ction, many valuable hor ses h ave per i s h e d in the fl a mes. A gentleman, whose horses had been in great peril from such a cause, having in vain tried to save them, hit upon the experiment of having them harnessed as though they were going to their usual work, when, to his astonish ment, they were led from the stable without difficult Y .- Cheltenham Journal. I LITERATURE. LEE'S BOOK OF ALL SEASONS. Cleave, Shoe-lane. As a Christmas gift, which with the wishes of' a happy new year , may be , presented to an ad mired female or promising youth for their pro gress in past studies or the practice of amiable qualities, this little book is choicely adapted. The contents of this pleasing duodecimo are excel lently calculated to improve the taste and guide the judgment of children. • Tl:e chapters into which it is divided treat upon an infinitude of pleasing and instructive subjects. Many of them are devoted to zoology, and contain anecdotes of' animals from which children receive especial de light. Illustrated in one page will be found the flury-boat of the Nautilus, and in another that of the Megatherium, whose relics when first discovered were supposed to be the bones of giants. The pages also teem like an aviary with birds in wood-cuts. But the most attrac-•• tive part are the tales, narrated -in the persons of Mr. and Mrs. Parley. In this way, from " Valentine Vox," " The Pie- Nic Papers," and the "Old Curiosity Shop," Mr. Lee has extracted the most delightful por tions; as, for instance, the series from the " Cu riosity Shop," consist of those which trace out the life of the fragile child " poor little Nell," following her through all her simple and affect ing history, to the painful time of her death. In these beautiful scenes, drawn from Mr. Dickens—in the simplicity of his appeals to the heart, and the pathetic tenderness of his descrip tions—there is that which is calculated, by the best methods, to purify and docilise the youth ful heart. In conclusion, we strongly recom mend this cheap and excellent volume to the heads of families for Christmas, holiday, or birth' day presents. Not only is it a fitting winter's wreath for the Christmas parlour, or net year's fete, but a keepsake worthy of presentation to all who deserve such a mark of esteem. THE PRINCIPAL DIFFICULTIES OF THE SLIDING .SCALE, REMOVED, with a Plan for equalizing the Expenditure and income of the United Kingdom. By the Rev. Thomas Farr. Mr. Farr has published two pamphlets pre viously to this on similar subjects, and seems animated with the best intentions. We cannot, however, admit, as he states, that the decision of the majority at the late election in favour of securing an adequate remunerating price to the landlord and tenant, by means ofa sliding scale, has the smallest influence on the nature and charac- ter of the Corn-law, or does anything more then ensure its continuance till the public obtain a conviction of its mischief. Mr. Farr takes a different view, and labours with praiseworthy deference to the temporary opinion of the temporary majority, to lay aside his own opinions. He accordingly slides about, and to secure all possible good effects actually proposes two laws with a sliding scale, in one of which the duty is raised as the price falls, while in the other the duty is raised as the price rises. We shall not discuss his mutually destructive plans, but quote some of his facts. The following statement discloses the effects of parliamentary majorities on the rent of land and the wages of labour, and explains why those who make the laws cart afford to throw away a few hundred thousand pounds in securing an election : The existence of a large agricultural majority in Par liament, the law for the commutation of tithes, and the New Poor-law Bill, enabling the farmer, on account of the surplus population, to employ the labourer at ex tremely low wages, has had the effect of raising the rents of land to an unprecedented extent. Some feoffinent charity lands, all arable, situated in East Suffolk, for which I am a trustee, were let by auction on the 15th of September last, as the custom has been from time imme morial ; both the new and old leases were granted for eight years ; the covenants are strict, a land agent is ap pointed to inspect the property, who, at the annual meet ing when the accounts are audited, has to report whether the covenants have been executed ; a year's rent is paid in advance at the fall of the hammer. The fairest - way will be to publish the auction bill, and show its results. Lot 1. A piece of land, numbered V. on the Map of the Feofiment Lands, containing sa. lr. Ip., and now in the occupation of Robert Read."—Old Rent, 12/. ss. ; new, 191. 15s. "Lot 2. Three pieces of land, numbered VII., VIII., and IX., containing together 13a. lr. 17p., and late in the occupation of mes Copeman, deceased."—Old rent, 18/. los. ; new, 401. " Lot 3. A piece of land, numbered XI. on the Map, containing sa. Or. 14p., and now in the occupation of Mr. John Gibbons."—Old rent, 111 15s. ; new, 16L " Lot 4. A piece of land (formerly in two pieces, num bered on the Map XIII. and XIV.), containing Ga. lr. 3r., and now in the occupation of Mr. Robert Barmby." —Old rent; 111. ; new, 221. 10s. "Lot 5. Two pieces of land, numbered on the Map and ., 'XVIII.; containing together 10a. lr. 23p., and now in the occupation of Mr. Charles Maplestone." —Old rent 4 , l I/. ss. ; new, 261. Sum total of (areas, 641.155. ; of new ditto, 1241. 55.; an incFeAse 4, more than 99 per cent. in 8 years above the rent,giyen in 1833. I am grieved to say the wages of the labourer have not inereaseq in the same proportion. Those who farm their own land, as much for amusement as profit, gene rally give 12s. per week, wet and dry ; those who occupy as tenants, or farmers by trade, pay 10s., wet and dry, and lls. if the labourer is taken off his work during the wet weather. The lowest price of flour, called seconds, was during the year 1835, when it was for a short time as low as Is. 4d. per stone ; it then remained for a long period at Is. 6d. per stone, and has of late been sold at 2s. Bd. per stone. The wages of the Ime chanic, employed by the agricultural labourer, havb in no way varied. A patten- maker, whom I have examined on the .subject, has worked many years for, the same master, when flour was 16d., 18d., and 2s. sd. a stone, his wages were the .same—half-a-crown a day. All the shopkeepers Inform me, when corn is dear in this the most agricultural part of England, their trade is not so good, because the larger the sum of money their usual customers Must lay out in bread, the less they have left for other things ; but there are many who rarely taste bread, particularly those who are too old to work, ,and receive the parish allowance of 2s. a week ; they pay ls. a week for house rent, and have only ls. left for food, fire, and clothes ; they generally purchase a sack of po tatoes, which, with red herrings, constitute their , food, the high price of flour rendering it impossible for them to have bread for the greater part of the year. The landlord appears to be the only gainer. It is singular to find Mr. Farr speaking of the Legislature deciding and settling the price of wheat, as if that were its business. What right has any Legislature to settle the price of any commodity ? The best part of the joke, however, is, that the landlords, as improvers and as law makers, are in conflict with themselves. All agricultural improvement, deserving of the name, produce corn cheaper, that is, lower its price. On the one hand, then, the landlords labour to lower price, and on the other they make laws to keep it up. Poor men ! they are so afraid of their own stupendous improvements in the way of cul tivation, that they guard themselves against thd consequences, and enact a law to prevent them selves frotn being impoverished by their own skill. It is somewhat dishonest, too, to produce a commodity by less cost, and then.demand the same price for it as if it had cost them a greater sum. THE CORN-LAWS. Their Effects on the Trade of the Country Considered, with Suggestions for a Com promise, (ye. ?fe. By David Salomons, Esq. Compromise seems the order of the day amongst Corn•law pamphleteers. Mr. Farr is fur a compromise ; Mr. Salomons recommends compromise, but his compromise is the extraor dinary one of a 10s.fixed duty, with a little slid ing scale of his own between 50s. and 605., when the duty is to vary 6d. for every shilling the price varies. Though we approve of none of these schemes, seeing them put forth gives us satisfaction, because it indicates a conviction that the present law cannot be maintained, and each one is anxious to suggest the compromise by which they may be got rid of. Mr. Salomons's pamphlet points out the influ ence of the Corn-laws on the currency, on trade, and, in particular, their influence and disturbing effects on prices abroad; and Mr. Salomons also explains the great injury these laws inflict on the country, by inducing the merchant to give much more for corn in the nearer markets rather than risk loss by buying at a cheaper rate at a more distant market. We quote a brief passage : In a small degree every market has felt the influence of British demand, but the weight of it has fallen on the nearer ports of Europe, where supplies could with facility be snatched up, to be entered for home consumption dur ing the fleeting interval when the duty was at the lowest. Go to the corn-market, and advise with your factor on the state and prospect of the harvest. St ate to hi m y our opinion of the probability of the wheat. crop proving de ficient, and that the markets throughout the country are rising in consequence. Suggest t o hi m t h at w h eat ma y be bought in Sicily, or some Mediterranean port, at 30s. per quarter--What• would he say ? His reply would be—lf you are looking to a r i se i n the mar k et to produce you a quick and sure r e t urn , you ha d better direct your attention to Dantzig, o r H am b u rg, for there you will be in a situation t o rea li se, at a low duty, an advantage you may forego by going to the distant port. You are, therefore, recommended to pay 50s. per quarter at the nearer, rather than 30s. at the distant port—lnverting the ordinary principles of trade, you are advised to buy . the dear inste a d o f t h e cheap , commodity! Surely this is a reckless wa s t e o f t h e pro perty of the country. . Yet it is perfectly tr ue — a matter of daily occurrence inherent in the false principle on which the existing Corn-laws are framed. What have' been, and indeed what are, the effects produced on the trade with the United States at this moment— a country with which we have the most intimate commercial inter course, and to which we export the greatest amount of manufactured goods. Observe the value of our exp orts to that country, and look at our imports, and see what quantity of wheat or flour we have received from th ence . The value of the goods sent in the three years 1838, 1839 and 1840 exceeded 28,512,0001., and the whole quantity of wheat and flour received from the United States, during THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1841. the same period, did not amount to fuur hundred th9lsqu4 quarters, which, at the rate of 50s. per quarter, is under the value of a million sterling ; whilst our importations from ports in Europe were 6,365,000 quarters of wheat and flour, which, - at the same rate of valuation, amounted to 15 914„ 000 V We not only pass by those markets where corn may be had mi the easiest terms, - but we exchange our manufac tures at a disadvantage in order to obtain bullion to pay for an article bought at the highest price at ports within the influence of our low rates of duty. Seeing that we imported nine milliOns of quarters of corn within a period of four years, is it too much to suppose : that, the average price of this corn was raised on us at least 20s„ per quar ter, by which means we have reckhiSslYthrown away nine millions sterling of the resources of the 06untyy. Mr. Salomons, like every person ; ' who treats the same side of the question, points out an im mense mass of evils which 'result:from the pre sent law. For the whole of . ,them, and fin., all the evils which can be imagined of the same de.4 scription, free trade is, the .adequate remedy:, nor has any person pointed out any evils further than temporary ones, which would result from having a free trade- ,in corn. Some land, it :is supposed, might be thrown out of cultivation for a brief space; -we might, it is said, be made 'de:- pendent on other nations; both of which are imaginary, and (were . they real) trifling evils, compared to the dreadful misery inflicted by the Corn-laws. The remedy for sliding scales, fixed duties, &c., is a completely free trade,, which has none of their disadvantages. FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE. BY THE QUEEN---A PROCLAMATION. VICTORIA, R.—Whereas our Parliament stands pro rogued to Tuesday the twenty-first day of this instant December ; We, with the advice of our Privy Council, do hereby publish and declare, that the said Parliament shall. be further prorogued, on the said twenty-tirst day of this instant, December, to Thursday the third day of February next ; and we have, given order to our Chancellor of that part of onr United Kingdom called Great Britain, to prepare Commission for proroguing the same accordingly ; and we do hereby further, with the advice aforesaid, declare our Royal will and pleasure, that the said Parliament shall, on the said Thursday, the 3d day of February next, assemble and be holden for the dispatch of divers urgent and important affairs ; and the Lords Spiri tual and Temporal, and the Kniglit.s, Citizens, and Burgesses, and the Commissioners for Shires and Burghs of the House of Commons, are hereby required and commanded to give their attendance accordingly, at 'Westminster, on the said Thursday, the third day ,of February next. Giveii r at Our Court at Windsor, this tenth day of December, in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-one, and in the fifth year of Our reign. GOD save the QUEEN. BY THE QUEEN—A PROCLAMATION, In order to the Electing a Peer of Scotland. VICTORIA, R.—Whereas Thomas Earl of Elgin was duly elected and returned to be one of the sixteen Peers of Scotland to sit in the House of Peers in the present Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and is since deceased ; in order , to the electing another Peer of Scotland to sit in his room, we do, by the advice of our Privy Council issue forth this our Royal Proclamation, strictly charging and commanding all the Peers of Scotland to assemble and meet at Holyrood-house, and Edin burgh, on Wednesday the nineteenth day of January next ensuing, between the hours of twelve and two in the afternoon, to nominate and choose another Peer of Scotland to sit and vote in the House of Peers in this present Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in the room of the said Thomas Earl of Elgin, deceased, by open election and plurality of voices of the Peers that shall be then present, and of the proxies of such as shall be absent (such proxies being Peers, and producing a mandate in writing, duly signed before witnesses, and both the constituent and proxy being qualified according to Jaw), and the Lord Clerk Register, or such two of the Principal Clerks of the Session as shall be appointed by him to officiate in his name, arc hereby respectively required to attend such meeting, and to administer the oaths required by law to be taken there by the said Peers, and to take their votes ; and, immediately after such election made and duly ex amined, to certify the name of the Peer so elected, and to sign and attest the same in the presence of the said Peers the electors, and return such certificate into our High Court of Chancery of Great Britain ; and we strictly charge and command that this our Royal Proclamation be duly pub lished at the Market•cross at Edinburgh, and in all the county towns of Scotland, twenty-five days at least be fore the time hereby appointed for the meeting of the said Peers to proceed on such election. Given at Our Court at Windsor, the tenth day of De cember, in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-one, and in the fifth year of Our reign. GOD save the QUEEN. At the Court at Windsor, the 10th day of December, 1841, present, the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in Council.—Whereas by the late Act of Unifor mity, which establisheth the Liturgy, and enacts, that no form or order of Common Prayer be openly used other than What is prescribed or appointed to be used in and by the said Book, it is notwithstanding pro vided, that in all those Prayers, Litanies, 4nd Collects which db anywise relate to the King, Queen, or Royal Progeny, the names be altered and changed from time to time, and fitted to the present occasion, according to direction of lawful authority : her Majesty was pleased this day in Council to declare her Royal will and plea sure, that in all the Prayers, Litanies, and Collects for the Royal Family, the words " The Prince of Wales" be inserted immediately after the words " The Prince Albert." And her Majesty cloth strictly charge and command, that no edition of the Common Prayer be from henceforth printed but with this amendment; and that in the meantime, till copies of such edition may be had, all Parsons, Vicars, and Curates, withi n this realm do (for the preventing of mistakes), with the pen, correct and amend all such Prayers in their Church Books, according to the foregoing direc tions: And for the better notice hereof, that this Order be forthwith printed and published, and sent to the several parishes ; and that the Right Reverend the Bishops do take care that obedience be paid to the same accordingly. WM. L. BATHURST. At the Court at Windsor the Excellent Majesty in the 10th day of December, 1841, present, the Queen's Council,—her M a j esty having been pleased to appoint the Right Hon o u ra bl e James Archibald Lor d Wharn cliffe, the Lord P res i dent of the Council, to b e L ord . Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the west riding of the county of York, his Lordship this day took the usual Oathsoptis oaprpAolilnetaeidantoce and be taken thereupon, instead of the Supremacy. G . [ i T e h it e e ofoflolocwtoinbger a l r s t , ic l l B e 4 s l h : o_ull have appeared in the DOWNING-STREET, OCT. 14, 1841. The Queen has been pleased to nominate and appoint Captains Edward Belcher, William Warren, Harry Eyrcs, and Charles Anstruther Barlow, of the Royal Navy, to be Companions of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath. F OREIGN-OFFICE, DEC. 9. The Queen has been pleased to appoint Captain Atkins Hamerton, of the Honourable East India Company's Service, to be her Majesty's Consul in the dominions of the Imam of Muscat. WHITEHALL, DEC. 11. The Queen has been pleased to present the Rev. Francis Wylie to the church and parish of Elgin, in the presbytery of Elgin and county of Moray, vacant by the transportation of the Rev. Alexander Walker to the church of Urquhart. The Lord Uhancellor has appointed Charles 0 vington Ord, of Middlesborough, in the county of York, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. WHITEHALL, DEC. 10. The Lord Chancellor has appointed John Lyon Foster,_ of Hertford, in the county of H ert f or d, G ent., to b e a Master Ex traordinary in the High Court of Chancery. WAR OFFICE, DEC. 14, 1841. Ist Regiment of Dragoons.—Lieut. 3. Yorke to be Cap tain, by purchase, vice Brevet Major Owen, who retires ; Cornet W. B. Barttelot, to be Lientenant, by purchase, vice Yorke • T. Thoroton, Gent., to be Cornet by purchase, vice Barttelot, Dec. 14. 10th Regiment of Light Dragoons—Surgeon D. Murray, M.D., from the 13th Foot, to be Surgeon, vice W. R. Rogers, who retires upon half-pay, Dec. 14. 7th Regiment of Foot--Lieut. T. St. Vincent H. C. Trou bridge to be Captain, by purchase, vice Bernal, who retires, Dec. 14. Bth Foot—Ensign W. Bayly to be Adjutant, vice Holmes, promoted, Dec. 14. 13th Foot.—W. F. Pounsett, Gent., to be Ensign, by pur chase, vice Scott, promoted; Assistant-Surgeon J. Robertson, M.D., to be Surgeon, vice Murray, appointed to the 10th Light Dragoons; I'. G. Scot, M.D., to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Robertson, Dec. 14. 28th Foot—Lieut. H. H. Lake, from the 31st Foot, to be Lieutenant, vice T. Bunbury, who retires upon half-pay of the 54th Foot, Dec. 14. 31st Foot—Lieut. J. L. Wilton, from half-pay of the 54th Foot, to be Lieutenant, vice Lake, appointed to the 28th Foot, Dec. 14. 46th Foot—Assistant -Surgeon J. A. D. M'Bean, from the Staff, to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Cowen, promoted to be Staff-Surgeon of the Second Class, Dec. 14. 92d Foot--Lieut. J. Cox to be Captain, by purchase, vice Bayly, who retires ; Ensign J. C. Gordon t o b e Li eutenant, by purchase, vice Cox ; C. Gordon, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice J. C. Gordon , Dec. 14 . 2d West India Regiment—J. C. 111 Therson, Gent., to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Clarke, deceased, Dec. 14. Ba EVZT. —Lieut.-Colonelhalf-pay Unattached, to be Colonel in the Army ; Captain W. Fothergill, of the 50th Foot, to be Major in the Army, Nov. 23. OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, DEC. 11. Royal Regiment of Artillery— Second Captain E. F. Grant to be Adjutant, vice Dupuis, who resigns the Adjutancy only, ' April 14. Corps of Royal Engineers--Second-Lieutenant R. Burnaby to be First-Lieutenant, vice Durnforcl, promoted, Dec. 7. Commission by the Governor and Captain of the Isle of Wight. }I. P. Gordon, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant, Nov. 25. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Cumberland. Si: G. Musgrave, Bart., to be Deputy Lieutenant, Nov. 4. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Westmoreland. Sir Geo. Musgrave, Bart., to be Deputy Lieutenant, Nov. 4. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Cambridgeshire. Cambridgeshire Militia—William Huntly Campbell, Esq., to be Captain, July 1. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Staffordshire. Queen's Own Royal Yeomanry—William Briscoe, Gent., to Rangers—Clumber Troop —G. H. Vernon, be Cornet, vice Izon, resigned, Dec. 9 . Commissions by the Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire. 3t o°fSßE:lll:ruPteY• Gibson' 13a- Unwin, deceased. Mansfield Troop—E. Wright, Gent., to be Cornet, vice C. Colvile, promoted. DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY. Ge S n h t. e , rw tote Fi ß rs a t n Lieutenant, vice E. FRANCIS SHERWIN, dentist, Bruton -street, Berkeley square. BANKRUPTS. masons, Harrow-road, to surrender Dec. 23, C' th V e Court at twelve, and JOHNSON, stone Jan. WlLLlAM2sateleven, EaVt inghall-street, official assignee ; Turner, Percy-street, Bed ford-square. HE NRY CASTLE, ship-owner, Lucas-street, Bother }lithe, Dec. 24, at twelve, and Jan. 25, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, Frederick's-place. Old Jewry, offi cial assignee; Haslain and Bischoff, Copthall-court, Throg morton-street. WILLIAM MOWBRAY POTTS, grocer, Newcastle upon-Tyne, Jan. 7 and 25, at one, at the Bankrupt Commis sion-room, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Galsworthy and Nichols, Cook's-court, Lincoln's Inn, London ; Dove, Newcastle-upon- Tyne. GEORGE SHAW, grocer, Wakefield, Yorkshire, Dec. 22, at eleven, at the Sessions-house, Wakefield, and Jan. 25, at twelve, at the Commissioners'-rooms, Leeds. Laurence and Taylor Old Fish-street, Doctors'-commons, L on d on; H ax b y and Scholey, Wakefield. WM. BALLINGER, baker, Swansea, Dec. 21 and Jan. 25, at eleven, at the Castle Ilotel, Swansea. Williams and David, Swansea. BENONI FISHER, ironmonger, Walsall, Staffordshire, Dec. 28 and Jan. 25, at twelve, at the Swan Hotel, Wolver hampton. Philpot and Son, Southampton-street, Blooms bury, London ; James, Walsall ; Wheates and Staniforth, Sheffield. JAMES TRUBSIIAW, jun., iron-founder, Stafford, Dee. 31, and Jan. 25, at one, at the George Inn, Stafford. White and Eyre, Bedford-row, London; Foster, Wolverhampton. JAMES WELDON, feather merchant, Bell's-buildings, Salisbury-square, Dec. 24, and Jan. 25, at eleven, at the Black Horse Inn, Kidderminster. Michael, Red Lion square, London; bird and Saunders, or Talbot, Kidderminster. RICE WILLIAMS, woollen draper, Pwllheli, Carnarvon shire, Dec. 29 and Jan. 25, at twelve, at the Commissioners'- rooms, Manchester. Johnson, Son, and Wetherall, Temple London ; Mawson, Manchester. ISAAC TAYLOR and URIAH TAYLOR, clothiers, Meltham, Almondbury, Yorkshire, Dec. 30 at two, and Jan. 25 at ten, at the Pack Horse Inn, Huddersfield. Battie, Fisher, and Sudlow, Chancery-lane, London ; Stephenson, Floyd, and Booth, Holmfirth. THOMAS PEAK PEARSON, grocer, Liverpool, Dec. 28 and Jun. '25. at cue, at the Clarendon-rooms, Liverpool. Vincent and Sherwood, Inner-Temple, London; Littledale and Bardswell, Liverpool. ROBERT SANDS, lace manufacturer, Nottingham, Dec. 27 and Jan. 25, at t we l ve , at t h e G eorge t h e Fourth hotel, Nottingham. Perry, Smith, and Perry, Nottingham ; Austen and Hobson, Raymond-buildings, Gray's Inn, London. ROGER HA SLAM, cotton-spinner, Little Bolton, Lan cashire, Dec. 24, at one, and Jan.. 25, at eleven, at the Com missioner's-rooms, Bolton-le-Aloors. Morris, Allen, and Simp son, Bartlett's-buildings, Holborn ; Glover, Bolton-le-Moors. WILLIAM KEEP, tailor, Northumberland-street, Strand, Dec. 21, at one, and Jan. 25, at twelve, at the Court of Bank uptcy. Green, official assignee, Aldermanbury ; Parken and Webster, New Boswell -court, Lincoln's Inn-fields. WILLIAM SMITH BATSON, JOHN WILSON, and JOHN LANGHO RN, bankers, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Dec. 22 and Jan. 25, at ten, at the King's Arms Inn, Berwick upon-Tweed ; ' Weddell, Berwick-upon-Tweed ; Meggison, Pringle, and Alanisty, King's-road, Bedford-row, London. ROBERT DRAKE, engraver, Bristol, Dec. 28 and Jan. 25, at two, at the' Commercial-rooms, Bristol ; Surr, Linnbard street, London; Whittington and Castle, Bristol. DIVIDENDS. At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street. G. Pound, licensed victualler, Dalston, Jan. 6, at twelve— T. Brettell. printer, Rupert-street, Haymarket, Dec. 30, at twelve—F. Child, attorney-at-law, Cannon-street, City, Jan. 5, at two—W. Scoons, innkeeper, Maidstone, Jan. 5, at twelve —T. Birks, sen., tallow melter, Chelsea, Jan. 5, at eleven. In the Country. E. Tyler, ironmaster, Birchhills, Staffordshire, Jan. 11, at one, at the Swan Hotel, Wolverhampton—T. Syers, tailor, Liverpool, Jan. 10, at one, at the Clarendon-rooms, Liverpool —E. Cooper, E. P. Cooper, B. Cooper, and J. A . Cooper, clothiers, Trowbridge, Wiltshire, Feb. 9, at four, at the White Hart Inn, Chippenham—G. Taylor, hosier, Leicester, Jan. 5, at three, at the Castle of Leicester—R. Caldeeott, draper, Chester, Jan. 8, at eleven, at the Royal Hotel, Chester—B. W. Browne, cooper, Lowestoft, Suffolk, Jan. 4, at one, at the King's Head Inn, Beecles—J. and W. H. Hamilton, calico printers, Manchester, Jan. 6, at ten, at the Commissioners'. rooms, Manchester—C. and W. Sydebotham, ship smiths, Li verpool, Jan. 5, at one, at the Clarendon-rooms, Liverpool. CERTIFICATES—JAN. 4. W. Playne, saddler, Gloucester—H. Pountney, jun., grocer, Birmingham —J. R. Berry, wine merchant, Cambridge—H. Thompson, timber merchant, King.street, Clerkenwell—J. N. Lane, chemist, Birmingham—J. Graham, linen draper, Man chester—B. Sarson, iron master, Birmingham—F. G. Noakes, tailor, Deal. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. H. R. Cooksey and J. P. Handley—T. Bamford, M. Wheatley, and W. Bamford, blacksmiths, Babbington Col liery, Nottingham—D. Griffin and W. H. Freason, cotton ma nufacturers, West Ham, Essex—P. and J. Cotterell, patent cast-iron hinge makers, Darlaston, Staffordshire—C. H. and J. Macken, tailors, Conduit-street, Hanover-square J. M'Laren, sen., J. M'Laren, jun., H. M'Laren, P. M'Laren, and W. Bryan, general merchants, Manchester (so far as re gards W. Bryan)—T. G. and J. Barlow, iron merchants, Bucklersbury—J. Rees and J. Gough, coal merchants, New port, Monmouthshire—T. Lupton, S. M. Diggles, and W. Lupton, wool merchants, Bolton, Lancashire. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. D. and P. M'FARLANE, dyers, Spoutmouth, Glasgow, Dec. 17 and Jan. 7, at twelve, at the Black Bull Inn, Glasgow. WILLIAM FORSYTH and CO., wrights, Glasgow, Dec. 18 and Jan. 8, at one, at the Chambers of Strang, Yuille, and Keyden, Glasgow. JAMES WADDELL MACKIE, merchant, Glasgow, Dec. 21 and Jan. 11, at two, at the Chambers •f J. Drew, Glasgow. LLO Y D'S SHIPPING. LONDON, DEC. 14.—Wind this day at noon N.W. RAMSGATE, DEC. 13.—The Proven, from Altona to Swansea, which put into this harbour on the 7th instant, did not strike on the Brake, as reported. Arrd. Mary Dicks, London, for Rio Janeiro, with loss of anchor and chain ; British Queen, Shields, for Mauritius ; Argo, London, for Trieste, with loss of anchor and chain, and windlass upset. DEAL, DEc. 13.—Wind S.W.—Arrd. from the River, Ellen, for Berbice. Put back, Dovecot, China. LIVERPOOL, DEC. 13.—Arrd. Lady East, Carless, Bombay, sailed from St. Helena Oct. 28 ; Champion, Brown, New Orleans; Shenandoah, Philadelphia; Queen of the Ocean and the Duke, Quebec. . PORTSMOUTHZDEC. 13.—Wind W.S.W. to W.N.W. strong. Put back, Wellington for New York. FALMOUTH, DEC. 12.—Wind W.S W. to W., strong gales.—Arrd. Margaret steamer, Gibraltar; left 4th inst. Cadiz 5, Lisbon 7, Vigo 9. OFF MARGATE, DEC. 12.—Massachusetts, Virginia. STRANREAR, DEC. 11.—Arrd. Chevalier, Clyde, for Trinidad. The Theodore (with herrings), in entering the harbour to-day, took the ground, but is not expected to suffer any damage. OFF CORK, DEC. 11.—Aimwell, Hesse, Calcutta, and sailed for Liverpool • Margaret, Christie, Richebucto. HULL, DEC. 13.—Wind, S.W. by S.—Arrd. Hercules, Ames, New Orleans; Bon Accord, Cape Breton. The Euclid, from Port Dundas to Dunkirk, sprung a leak off the Goodwin Sands, and sank; crew saved. The Royal William, from St. Petersburgh, off this port got in contact with a vessel belonging to Sunderland, the former lost bowsprit, &c., the latter mainmast, &c., and both have put into East Ries to repair. OFF ROMNEY, DEC. 13.—Janet, Wilbridge, Quebec ; Johan Christopher, Altona, for Bahia. BIDEFORD, DEC. 13.—The Agatha, from Havannah, which put in here 11th inst., with rudder damaged, &c., is very much strained, and must discharge. PORT FLEETWOOD, DEC. 13.—The Hazard, from Strongford to Maryport, parted her anchors, and drove on Bernard's Wharf, but without damage. SCARBOROUGH, DEC. 13.—The Betsy and Anne, from Maldon to Newcastle, has been brought in here with loss of mainmast, and other damage, having been in con tact with the Jemima, of North Shields, last night. 11Anwicu, DEC. 13.—The Beulah, Dodds, bound to Woodbridge, which was ashore on the Bar of that place, has been got off and carried in. HER MAJESTY'S STEAM VESSEL AVON. Sheerness, Dec. 10, 1841. Sir—ln consequence of its having appeared, in several public papers and shipping lists, that her Majesty's steam-vessel Avon had been ashore on Flamborough Head, and had met considerable damage— May I request you will cause this error to be contra dicted in as public a manner as possible ; the fact being that her Majesty's steam-vessel Driver went ashore on Flamborough Head, and afterwards put into Shields. The Avon arrived at Shields on Dec. 2, where she found the Driver, and left Shields on the 7th, in company with the Driver, and arrived at Sheerness on the 9th inst. The reasons for the foregoing statement are, lest any erroneous reports may be prejudi c i a l to th e pilot of the Avon, Mr. Ranzon, of Hull, with whom lam highly satisfied.—l am, Sir, your most obedient servant, CHARLES JENKIN, Lieut. commanding. To the Secretary at Lloyd's, London. NOTICE TO MASTERS AND OWNERS OF VESSELS. Extract of a latter from Lloyd's agent at St. Übes, dated the sth instant : " Since my last we have had a 'succession of strong gales from the S.W., but I have heard of no losses. The stock of salt allotted to foreign vessels is reduced to 4,000 or 5,000 tons, and as several vessels are expected, it will all be shipped off in a very few days, so that those who may come afterwards will get none ; therefore I request you will publish this, to prevent any more coming, for, if they go away again in ballast, they will have to pay the port charges and tonnage duty." VESSELS SPOKEN WITH.—The Chieftain, from Clyde to Calcutta, by the Aimwell, arrived off Cork. Eliza, Wells, of St. John's, Bth ult., lat. 47, lon. 52 ; Ellen, of and from Liverpool, with loss of jib-boom :and two men, 30th ult., by the Rover, arrived at Teignmouth. Marga ret Pollock, Pye, from Glasgow, sth ult., lat. 9, lon. 25 S. ; Guiana, 9th ult., on the Equator ; Brightman, from Calcutta, out 140 days, lat. 18, lon. 30, by the Kinnear, arrived in the Downs. Acadia steamer, Liverpool to Halifax, 27th ult., lat. 49, lon. 35. AN INDIAN EXECUTION.—WhiIe we re mained here the chief caused a wretched prisoner or two, whom his people hld caught, to be blown from the mouths of cannon, a mode of death, perhaps, the quickest and least cruel of any. One of the unfortunates, the only one I saw executed, being blown to shivers in a second ; his legs and head, both severed from the trunk, being the only portions we could recognise afterwards as having be longed to the human form. The wretch was tied, stand ing on the ground, with his back to the mouth of the cannon, and met his end with the same philosophy that most natives evince on those occasions.—Captain Fane's Five Years in India. THE BOY JONES.--.ThiS extraordinary lad, whose repeated visits to Buckingham Palace caused so much alarm some time ago, and who after being released from prison was sent out to sea in a merchant ship, has lately returned to England, and is now at Liverpool. His case is likely to come under the notice of the autho rities, for it appears he was sent away without the con currence of his father, who has received a letter from him stating that the ship in which he had been induced to leave England had returned to Liverpool, and that he had been subjected to much ill-usage on board. There ap pears to have been some irregularity in the mode of getting rid of this troublesome lad, and a good deal of money unnecessarily e xpended by a t ra d esman named James, residing in Westminster, and a Thames Police inspector, named Evans, who, after travelling about with him in England and Ireland for a month, eventually pro cured him a berth in a Liverpool ship, and not at Cork, as was stated some ti me age. PRICES OF CANAL,DOCK,ASSOR ANCE COMPANY SHARES, &c. &c. &c. LONDON, TUESDAY, DEC. 14. Number Dividend ~ Price sr per CANALS. per Shares. Annum. Paid. Share 1,766 7 percent. Ashton & Oldharn...ANerage97 l .l3s.sh. 104% 1,482 41. Ashby.de-le-Zouch ....Average 1181.8 h. 72 1,260 Basingstoke... lool.sh. 5 1,065 .41. Brecknock and Abergavenny l5O/. sh. 92 1,003 1.1601. 101, Birmingham, 1-16th share -814 & 711. 200 1,000 . ...... ~ Ditto & Liverpool Junct.l9.9l. sh. 100 prl 21 600 31. Bridgewater and Taunton.lool.sh. all pd - 400 51, Chelmer and Blackwater ... lOOl. sh . 105 500 321, Coventry 1001. sh. 800 Croydon. Average 311.28 10d. sh. - 2, 60 51. Os. Dud1ey............ 1001 eh. 94 600 131. Derby lool.sh. 120 20,0e0 4 per cent. Danube and Mayne 411.13 e. 4d.pd 30 3,575} 4' Elle.sTnereand Chester Average 1331.5ta. 75 231 621 Enmesh ... ............ ........... ••• 1031 ssn• 735 ,297 351. Forth and Clyde....Avcrage 400/. 16s. h. 6:0 21,600 7/. Grand J unction 1001.6 n 111 2, 415 258. Grand Onion lool.sh. 26 ',500 1,0001 41. pia cent. Ditto (optional) Lan 1001. 096 ... ..... Grand Western ....... ......., U. sh. allpd 10% 600 131.121. yd. Glarnorganshire, Aver. cost 1721.135. 4.1. 230 749 12/. Orantham lsol,sh. 220 6_238 21. Os. Iluchicrairld ..-..Average 5 /1. 68.6 d. oh. 26 100 Kensington lOO sh. allpd 10% 2%328 11.10 s. Kennet and Avon, Av. 391. 186.10 d. sh 22% 11,6991 11. 7s. Lancaster Average 47!. 6s. 8d . 28 2,897 j 301. Leeds and Liverpool lool.sh 740 5451 111. Leicester 140!. sh 150 Ain 51.08, Leicester & Northampton Aver 831.10 e 71% 2,409 101. Monmouthshire lool.Bli 200 250 10!. Melton Mowbray ........... lool.eh. 117 500 251. Mersey and Irwell .......... lOOl. sh. 550 5,000 21. 100. Macclesfield lOOl. sh. all pd 23 247 174 Neath 1001.51, 325 2,400 51. Peak Forest kvar..ge about 781. sh. 72 1,418 Bs. Regent's (or London) Av. 331.16..8d. eh. 9 5,6eg tit. Rochdale Average 551.,h. E 5 500 81. Shropshire 1251. sh. 137 800 101. Os. Somerset Coal lso4sh. 180 3,600/. 41 per cent Ditto Lock Fund Stock 121.105. ah. 11 % 700 361. Stafford and Worcester. 1401.5 h. 680 WO 151, Shrewsbury 125/. sh. 280 300 9! 3t0urbridge............ 1451. sh. 396 3,647 21. 08, Stratford-on-Avon A ver....791. 9s. Ncl. sh. 35 MS 1211 Swansea lool.sh. 265 3,762 2/. 12s. Severn and Wyc &Railway Av.2fil 9s. sh, 45 2,6000 h. 321. IN, Trent and Mersey, } share lOO/. sh. 500 6,149 .. ..... Thames and Medway Av. 191. ss. Bd. sh. 2 I,ooosh.] 161. Warwick and Bkrmikgham 1001.sn• 250 I,o6o}sh, 950 13% Warwick and 'lepton' 100/. sh. 117 7,000 41. Worcestsr Sr Birmingham Av.7Sl.Bs. sh. 55 5,000 265. Wilts and Berks Avarice 671. 10s Bd. sh. 283( sun 6,. Wyrlev and Essington 1251. sh '74 48 ..... .., Wisneacn . ..... ... ..............„..„ 152.. sh. 50 905 li Wey and Arun llOl. an. 20 DOCKS. 2,600& I 3 p• C. Commerc'al ........ 1001.3 h. 61 • 1,06515 h. 5 per cent. East and West India ,„.........., Stock 102% 3,238,31011. 31. p.ct. London ............ Stock 72 Ditto Bonds 2,209 3/. 6s. sd. Bristol Average 14'1.95. ah. 75 68,3241. 5/. per cent. Ditto Notes, various amounts lOB 352,752 5 percent. St. Katharine Stock 92 &Wig/ 44 per cent. Ditto Bonds ..., lOO% 200,000 4 per cent. Ditto Bonds for 10 years ....,, ....... Deptford Pier ........... ......... ah. 20/. pd 10 _ _ BRIDGES. 1,800 li. Hammersmith 50/.sh. 21% 7,231 1,700 IL 15s Ditto, New. of 7e per cent.. ..... .501.5 h. 15-b J,OOO ..... Waterloo 1001. .h. Vyi 5,000 2 : 38. O d. Ditto, Old Annuities of Si 801. poi 21 5,000 19e. 3d. Ditto, New Ditto of 71. .... 4O/. pd 18% 80,000/. 51. per cent. Ditto Bonds 5,848 27s Vauxhall .......,.Average 70/.los. 3d. sh 26 ASSURANCE COMPANIES. - --- - -- 2,000 3110 a Albion 50.000 [ 6 ln e ,: c c i e ,N Alliance British &Foreignlool.sh. 114 pd 13% 50,000 6 per cent. Ditto, Marine lOOl. sh. 51. pd 4% 24,000 41. per sh. Atlas 5Ol. sh. 51. pd 14 1,20011 h. 54 Birmingham Fire 2501. sh. 551. pd 10754 90,000 41. percent. British Fire 250/. sh. 501. pd 40 12,000 61. per cent. British Commercial 5Ol. eh. 51. pd 6 5,000 51. percent. Clerical & Medical Life, 1001. 5h.21108 pd 5% 4,000 310 s County lOOl. sh. 101. pd If 9,000 its. Eagle 0,, 1 / r nd per cent las. j Economic Lite 10001. sh. 2501. pd 406 a 30/ 2,271 221. percent. European Lite 20/. sh. all pd 22 50,000 2s. Ditto, New 20/. ah. 21. pd 1% 1.000,0004 a per ct Globe Stock 115 20,000 5/. Guardian 30,000 4s. 03. Hope 5O/. sh. W. pd 55a 2,400 51. 123.6 d. Imperial Fire 5OO/. sh. 501. pd 133 7,500 12e. Imperial Lite lOO/. sh. 101. pd 11 13,459 54 percent. Indemnity Marine lOO/. its. 8/. pd 23 2,020 31 10s Kent Fire 5Ol. sh, all pd 92 31. Ditto Life 5Ol. pd 66 10,000 16s. Law Life lOOl. sh. 101. pd 31% 5,000 10s, London, Fire 251. sh. 121. 10s. pd 18% 3,000 10s. London, Ship .....„ 251. sh. 121. 10s. pd 18% 1,000,0001. ... ..... Minerva Life 1001. sh. 590,0004 ..... „.. National Loan Fund ..... .... ... . . 21.55. pd 1% 30,000 51. per cent. Palladium Life .... sh. 21. pd 21 its 50,000 5/. per cent. Protector Ufa "01. sh. 21. pd 18s Od 10,000 4 per rent. Protestant Dissenters ....160/. sh. 5/. pd 5% 9.500 1!. Provident Lite lOO/. sh. 10/. pd 20 200,660 4s. Od. Rock Life .............. ................ .... 2/. pd 37 89,2201 51. per cent. Royal Exchange Stock IEO 6,009 5 per cent. University Life 1001. sh. 51. pd 8% 10,000 4 per cent. United Kingdom Life 1001. sh. 51. pd 75( JOINT STOCK BANKS. 25,000 Agric. and Corn, of I reland2s/. sh. 10/. pd 15,000 8 percent. Australasia 401. sh. 401. pd 53 10,008 10 percent. Bank of Birmingham 501. sh. 104 pd 13 10,000 10 per cent. Birmingham Bank 5Ol. sh. 101. pd 13% 30,000 6 per cent. London & Westminster 1001. sh. .(11,, pd 21 34 60,000 5/. London Joint Stock 504 sh. 10/. pd 1 2 36 3,008 4 per cent. Lancaster ....... ...... ... ... . . 100/. al). 20/. pd 30 25,000 16 per cent. Liverpool 1001 sh. 121/. pd 18 36 50,000 71 percent. Manchester and Liver pool Distrizt.... ........ } s°l • Bh * 151 pd 1031 20,000 7 per COAL Manchester lOO4 sh. 10/. pd 4% 20,000 8 per eent. Provincial Bank of Irelandlool. sh. 25/. pi 41 10,000 6i er cent National Bank of Ireland 501. eh. 1711. pd - 17% 10,000 6 per cent National Proviucial Eng.loo4 sh. 35!. pd 343 f 10,006 Ditto New.. 104 eh. 101. pd 10 10,000 Gloucestershire .501. sh. 10/. pd 32 6,000 10 per cent. Hampshire 5Ol. sh. 54 pd 9 GAS LIGHT AND COKE COMPANIES. - -- 2,500 16s 0d Bath 901. sh. 161. pd 22 5,000 British 401.8 h. 161. pd 18 b. ,„ fsl.percent. Ditto Provincial "" land Bs. 6s, 201. sh. 191. pd 24U 928 51 10s Birmingham 50/ ah. 96 4,250 2/ Os Bristol - 2O/ sh. 36 2,250 31 101 Brighton 2O/. sh. 1374 750 31 lOs Ditto, New 2Ol. sh. 161. pd 9 2,471 41 per cent. Brighton General 2O/. sh. all pd 9% 1,000 71. 10s, Continental Consolidated ....75!. 621/.pd 110 1,000 10!. City of London .„ .1001. sh. all pd 195 1,000 6/. Ditto, New lOO/. sh. 751. pd 150 4,000 31.05. Equitable SOL pd 20 10,000 3/. per cent. Imperial 5Ol. sh. 59 800 51. per cent. Isle nt Thanet 251. sh. 20/. pd 18% 2,350 61. per cent. Independent 10/. sh. slip. 55 9,000 41. per cent. Phoenix 5Ol. sh. 391. pd 92 1,000 4/. per cent. Ratcliff lOOl. sh. SO/. pd 63 4,000 South MAropolitan 501. sh. - 1 , 3341. pd 18 9000 51. per cent. United General 501. sh. 47/. pd 27 240 51. per cent. Warwick ... 501. sh. 50 400 51. per cent Wakefield 251. sh. 22 2,000 3/. Westminster Chartered .. .. -50/. sh. 5,8 6,000 12i. Ditto Hew ... . .....g 1. 'b. 101. pa 113{ 780 3 per cent. Yarmouth .... 201. sh. 181. pd WATER WORKS. 4,800 345. Birmingham 25/. sh. 25!. pd 21 . 6,433 71. East London ... ... ..........100/. sh. 162 5,500 2/ 1 5s. Grand Junction ....... 411. 153. 4d. sh. 55 2,000 21. Kent 1001. sh. 5136 372 IN. Liverpool Bootle 2201. sh. 325 1,500 2 /10s New River London Bridge Water Ann- 60 6,486 21 105 Manchester and Salford 1001. sh. .54 1,000 5 per cent. South London lOO/.sh. 98 8,294 414 West Middlesex Average 631.1125. 9d. sh. 90 1,360 11141 York Building Co. Lessee Prop. 1001. sh. 35 IRON RAILWAYS. 6,300 2/. Os. Birmingham and Derby .. lOOl. pd 47% 9,500 Birmingham and Glouceste ... r.." ICO/. pd 55% 15,00 11. 41. Bristol and Exeter .... ..... 1001. sh. 60 pd 2734 7,500 ......... Cheltenham& G. Western 1001. sh. 72%1. 2234 3,000 .... ..... Clarence 1001. sh. 1001. pd 20 8,000 60,000 ......... Eastern Counties 25/. sh. 23/. pd 7% 10,000 Great North of England 1001. sh. Wl. pi 66 10,918 13 per cent. Grand Junction lOOl. sh. all pd 193 25, , '00 :3 per cent, Great Western 1001. sh. 65/. pd 81;4 25,600 Ditto New 501. sh. 50/. pd 593 8 6,000 5 per cent Gosport Junction.. 5O/. sh. 501. pd 55% 2,000 6 per cent. Hartlepool 1001. sh. 100!. pd 145 8,000 Hull and Selby .501. sh. 50! pd 38 2,100 4 per cent. Leeds and Selby. .. . ... ........" .. .. . ... 100 di, 65 5,100 10 per cent. Liverpool& Manchester 10(1.1h. 100/.pd 199% 7,968 10 per cent. Ditto Half Shares 50/. pd 90 11,495 10 per neat. Ditto Quarter Shares 251. pd 45 36,000 .... ..... London and Brighton 501. sh. 501. pd 36% 24,000 10,000 3 per cent. London and Greenwich ...201. sh. 201. pd 6 25,000 Ei per cent. London & Birmingham 1001. sh. 901. pd 162 25,000 21. Os. Ditto Quarter Shares ....25/. sh. 51. pd 224 31,250 Ditto New Shares .321. sh. 32/. pd 54 36,000 5 per cent. London and S. Western Av. 381,175. 9d, 56 33,900 ......... London and Croydon/ Av. 13/. 15s. 9d. 11 ....-.. Ditto New Scrip.... ll% 13,000 5f per cent. Manchester and Leeds...loo/. sh. '7Ol. pd 67 13,000 Ditto Half Shares 5Ol. 251. pd 25 10,000 ..... .... Manchester and Birmingham 701.5 h. 401. 30 Ditto Extension 7l. pd 2% 10,000 2/.los. Midland Counties `OW. sh. 1001. pd 84% 15,000 31. Os. North Midland .... ..... 1.01. sh. 1001 pd 6 . 11.10 s. Ditto New 40/. pd 33 1 4 10,256 ......... Northern and Eastern.... 501. sh 35/, pd 23 2,600 .... ..... Preston and Wyre 5Ol. ah. 30/. pd 36 28,000 ......... South Eastern and Dover 3Bl. pd 18 1,000 10/.per cent. Stockton and Darlington .... lOO/.sh. 265 9,000 ......... Thames Haven .501. sh 5!. pd 6,000 MINES. 8,000 Albion Copper 5/.1 1 ). 211. pal II 4,000 11. ss. Altcn l5l. sh 121. Its pd 10 10,000 .... Anglo Mexican.iss. 51 pm.lool. sh. al 1 d 1)4 Ditto Subscription ..... .. "251. pa 1% 2,000 10/. Bolanos . - 130 . 1 . . sb all pd 35 10,000 11. 103 Brazilian Imp. iss. 51. pm... 251. 5h.201. pd 5 0000 ..«..... Macaubas & Coates United 251.111.254 pd 4 11,000 ..... .... Ditto St. John Dal Rey ...201. ah. 141. pd 1% 10,000 Bolivar Copper Company, 201. sh. 201. pd 1 10,000 ......." Ditto Scrip ............ ..... 104 sh. 101. pd 2 20,000 ........ British Iron .... ....... ....JON. sh. 601. pd ,000 British Copper 51. sh. 411. pd 1% •". Cats Branca • ................6 . 11. pd 6 Candonga..".. . ".... ...... 10,000 11 Copiapo ...........„ ..... 204 sh. IdL pa 10 8,500 ... Columbian, in. 54 pni....551. eh. 551. pd 0% 2,850 3/. Euglish ............ ..... 144 Gs. pd 2 20,000 .....,... General Mining Assoclation2ol. 5h.184 pd i% 6,155 3,008 .... 11,500 Real del Mont! Unregistered..••• ••••• ..... 2 Ditto Loan Notes. 1501 . Pd 100 50.000 DIM. Scrip w D ei i t tt c o o N rk ew ... S .. c .. r . i .. p...... ... . 501. ah 501.. pd 1 41 pia LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. , London, with Bronze Ticket 7sgs. sh. 21 I .cm 1 , 0 „,,„ 0 ° ***** " ..MN.... London University .... ..... 1001.. all sh pd 7 Russell .25gs. sh 70 0 .....».. Ki ng . College .. ................ ......1001. • 6 1 934 M ISCE LLANEOUS. 5 )0 , 1 5, Australian Agricultural.lool4sh. 281, pd 89 1 6:)00 1. er cenL British American Land Company 35e4 pd 9 10 000 per. conk. Canada C0mpany.........10 0/. sh. 32.1. p 4 28 'OOO 5/. per cent. Upper Canada Loan ......... a 91 0, City Bonds, 4 per cent, ... .. .. ..... . 77, ... .... 100 20.000 It. 68. General Stearn Navigation 151. ch . . 14/ . ...pd 24 3 i 101. percent. Hudson's Bay Stock ....... ... gm .............. ... ,„,.. 14 London Corn. Sale Rooms ....Av. 751. eh. 19S 000 v ..". 0 , . Caoutchoue Company .. . .... "..IN/. pd 12 31 New Brunswick Land dompa . ......... Pd 0. 12 1 z 2,154 5/. per cent. Reversionary Int. 50c...100/. sh. 1001. pd ~,•;7. 2,633 51. per cent. Ditto New ... . ........... 100/. sh. 100/. Pd "' 4,000 ......... Thames Tunnel . ... ."......501. sh. all pd 10 Ro m os. Van Dianeres Land....lodl.sh. 141. pd 736 LIST of SCOTTISII COMPANIES' P.RICBS DEC. 11, 1841. B. 1,000,0004, 61. p. c t . B ank ot Sco ANKS t1and...831. 61.8d.5h. all pd !V u 1 , 000 . 0 01 1 . et. p. ct. Royal of Scotland !„,, 661 ,'.1' 311 p Pd 9i 0 % 500 .00 V. 81. p. ct. British Linen CompanY , "•'" II - d 165 500,0001. M. p. ct. Commercial .5001. sh. 1 001.1x 1 .. h 101 pd ' 6 500,00°, * 6 P. et. National ... .......... .loUs— - ' 84 500,0001. 81. p. ct. Glasgow Union . .2501 • sh. 501. pd 71 1.000,0901. 6 p. ct. Western of Scotland ....200 1 . sh 401. pd INSURANCE COMPANIES. ... h. 11. pd 255.0 d. 25 0,0005 h. 61 P . ct. 'Scottish Union ..... ..... . I° ' . 76500 10 p. ct. Hercules ........... tia d JO/. sh. all pd O 10 0.000 10 p. ct. insurance Co. of Sco .n_ . .2001.58. 10/. pd IN 50,000 10 p. ct. North British...-. . 1001. sh. 101. ;x1 19 1 ~ 0 02 1 0 10 p . p . c c t t .. Ed Caledonian idburgsch onufrazn.d i..r.1.......,:: 1,1,491: pd MISCELLANEOUS . 15 . 100,000 31 p. et. West of 4,818 a j........ Edin. and Cilas.. . ... ... 961. sh. all pd 46 al5Ol. sh. all pd 10 Edinb. Joint Stock DibittloS2CtE ll ocaLLtedA7,7.do.wU7St e. r. 25/. sh all pd 34 50/. sh 461. pd 40 025,40! 2,1 per pe cent . Shotts Iron toundery 3 4,500 10 per cent . 251 sh. all pa 52 .201.11%.. all pd 21 1 0 1° . "h cs30 3p - err cent. Edinburgh h h c & d Le al i o th as. G . l . as .... s 2 .2 0 5 1 1 .11 . 1 a 6 / 11 . pd pd 49 % ,-.A . ,,,, g 0w Gas 4,450 10 pei cen . ,' 750 7 1 percent .Ed Le rn h bu C rg m h l & G n a rl Da .... llelthass.way 50/. sh 30 1150 "'"'" -------------- NOVEL APPLICATION OF THE DAGURREO TYPE.—The French police have availed themselves of the expedition and accuracy of this mode of taking likenesses. As soon as a great or notorious criminal falls into their hands, they take his likeness by means of the Daguerreo type, and send copies of it to the several agents of the police ; so that, if he should escape from one charge, he may, if accused of another in a different part of France, be easily recognised as as old offender. M. Daguerre never contemplated such an application of his " type."— Cheltenham Journal. MORNING S THE GIGANTIC MISSOURI LEVI . ATHAN, Olt MISSOURIUM. Mr. Koch, who has discovered the bones of this gi gantic animal, now exhibiting at Egyptian Hall, is a Prus sian by birth, who for the last fifteen years has resided in the United States, and the perfect skeleton was found by him on the shores of the river Pomme de Terre, a tri butary of the Orsage river, in Benton county, state of Missouri, N. lat. 40 deg., W. long. 18 deg. The strata of the river in which the Missourium existed, exhibit six or seven different changes, in the first or original stratum of which, formed of quicksand, the deposite of the skeleton was found, and in the brown or alluvial soil composing the next stratum, the remainder of the skele ton was contained and covered. "This stratum was mixed with a great quantity of ve getable matter, mid most of this is in a wonderful state of preservation ; but what is still more surprising, all the vegetable remains are of a tropical or very low southern production. They consisted of large quantities of cypress burs, wood and bark ; a great deal of tropical cane and tropical swamp moss ; several stumps of trees, if not log wood, yet bearing a very close resemblance to it ; even the greater part of a flower of the Strelitzia class, which, when destroyed, was not full blown, was discovered em bedded in this layer ; also several stems of palmetto leaf, one possessing all the fibres perfect, or nearly so. To those who are not acquainted with the nature of this Plant, it is well to remark that it is not found at present further north than the northern parts of Louisiana. "The time when the revolution of the earth took place, during which the Missourium lost its life, was be tween the 25th of September and 20th of October, which is proved by the fact just mentioned of the cypress burs being found. There was no sign or indication of any very large trees, the cypresses that were discovered being the largest that were ever growing here at the time. " About 200 yards froin saiedeposite stands a sin gularly formed rock, which not only bears the appear ance, but can be considered as a monument of great an tiquity, formed by nature, against whose rough and rug ged sides can be distinctly traced, in deep and furrowed lines, the former course of angry waters ; yet its summit is full 30 feet above the present level of the Pomme de Terre. The rock has the appearance of a pillar, on whose top rests a table rock far projecting over, on every side ; from the base of the pillar to the lower edge of the table is 30 feet, and from the base down to the deposite of the bones is 16 feet—making, from the stratum on which the bones were deposited to the edge of the table 146 feet. "By a minute and close examination the formation of the said rock, as it now appears, was found to be pro duced by the long action of the river against and around it ; and had the river continued to act with the same force for 100 or 200 years longer, the pillar would have been so far worn away, that the table must have fallen. It now stands as an indisputable witness, that the water, at the time these animals existed, was at least 46 feet in depth." That some idea may be formed of the enormous di mensions of the Missfourium, we transcribe a few of the measurements of the skeleton, as it stands at present in one of the large rooms of the Egyptian l lall, Piccadilly, where it has been placed for public exhibition. From Mr. Koch's own pamphlet : "Extreme length 32 feet, height 15 feet. The head measures, from the tip of the nose to the spine of the neck, six feet ; from one zygomatic arch to the other, fuur feet ; from the lower edge of the upper lip to the first edge of the front tooth, 20 inches; from the front point of the lower jaw to the first edge of the front tooth, 8 inches; from the edge of the upper lip, measuring along the roof of the mouth to the socket of the eye, efeet; from thence to where the atlas joins the head, 101 inches. The whole number of teeth is eight—that is, four upper and four lower, not including the two tusks. The formation of the nose is very peculiar : it consists of a bony substance inter woven with cells, and presents a broad, flat appearance ; it projects 13 inches over the lower jaw, and ends in two nostrils, which are somewhat raised on the face." The Missourium is also distinguished by two enor mous tusks, which partake of the quality of horns, being curved backwards. They were carried almost horizon tally, and are in length 10 feet, exclusive of a part 15 inches long, which forms the rcot, and is buried in the skull. When first discovered, the right tusk was solid in the head, and was only subsequently broken off in the course of being removed from place to place. The re maining bones of the skeleton are of proportionate size. EPISCOPAL CHURCH AT BLAIRGOWRIE.-- A requisition, on the part of 100 individuals, in Blair gowrie and its neighbourhood, has been sent in to the Bishop of Dunkuld, soliciting his Lordship's permis sion to form themselves into a congregation in connec tion with the Episcopal Church of Scotland. We learn that the Bishop has complied with the prayer of the re quisitionists, and steps are being taken to open a place of Divine Worship, according to the Episcopal form, in Blairgowrie, immediately. —Perth Constitutional—[This is one of the results of the Non-Intrusionist persecu tion. If it continue a little longer, the Episcop a li ans or the Dissenters will be join e d by all the respectable re ligious churchmen of the country.] DISTRESS IN IRELAND.—TaIk of Paisley, and the poverty of its unemployed population ! Most sin cerely do we sympathise with these people, and happy , are we to observe the successful exertions made to miti gate their sufferings. But we will venture to assert that there are few districts in Ireland—we see that even the weavers and spinners of Ulster are experiencing the ge neral distress—in which the pressure of want is not much more severely felt than in Paisley, or in any other part of Great Britain. As a sample of the real state of things, we are anxious to call attention to the following extract from the Kerry Examiner receiv ed this morniug—" It is,we are sorry to say, a fact but too well known that extreme and general distress prevails at this moment among the humble classes, both in town and country; owing princi pally to the late very unfavourable season, and the con sequent deficiency and deteriorated quality of every de scription of crops. This is particularly the case with re gard to potatoes and turf—the poor man's chief means of sustaining existence.—Dublin Evening Post. THE MOST EFFECTUAL CHURCH.--TO myself, the most effectual Church is that in which I see the signs of Christian affection in those around me, in which warm hearts are beating on every side, in which a deep stillness speaks of the absorbed soul, in which I recognise fellow-beings, who in common life have im pressed me with their piety. One look from a beaming countenance, one tone in singing from a deeply-moved heart, perhaps aids me more than the sermon. When nothing is said, I feel it good to be among the devout ; and I wonder not that the Quakers, in some of their still meetings, profess to hold the most intimate union, not only with God, but with each other. It is not with the voice only that man communicates with man. Nothing is so eloquent as the deep silence of a crowd. A sigh, a low breathing, sometimes pours into us our neighbour's soul more than a volume of words. There is a communication more subtile than freemasonry, between those who feel alike. How contagious is holy feeling ! On the other hand, how freezing, how palsying is the gather ing of a multitude, who feel nothing, who come to God's on house h ot without e r asi f h reverence, tey without were a l s o s v e e m , who hl ed gazeat a show, around ow each , whose restlessness keeps up a slightly disturbing sound, whose countenances reveal no collectedness, no earnest. ness, but a frivolous or absent mind ! The very sanc• tity of the place makes this indifference more chill ing. One of the coldest spots on earth i s a Ch urc h ev it er to so me ma t o l y iat ri a te c s os i t o ly r God's service, that priests, who tra ce t h e i r li neage to t w e i m th p o le ut i d s evo se ti t on. apa l r y2ia h t y is Apostles, have consecrated it, if I find it thronged by the worldly and undevout? This is no Church to me. I go to meet, not human bodies, but souls ; and if I find them in an upper room, like that where the first disciples met, or in a shed, or in a street, there I find a Church. There is the true altar, the sweet incense, the accted priest. These all I find i n sanctified souls. The Church; a Discourse by Dr. Channingdust published. STAVELEY.—For some time past a courtship has been carried on by a certain couple in this peaceful parish, and matters became so far matured that the banns were published, and Sunday week was appointed for the w e ddi ng -day. Of course every preparation was of the happy bridegroom ; but, made, and sundry additions were procured w the ward robehat had to bear witness to the truth of the old h a e dage,t for " there's many a slip between the cup and d h t ich lip,"was at the hour appointed for the meetingn alas ! the fair bride y w of making im mediately to precede the for them "one flesh," the aspirant f Y it was found that on Fri day honours was non est inventus. On inquiry , his clothes and some eat day week he had packed way train from Eckingt ° ti l des, for which he has left the great coat and other neighbourhoodar minus the damage. The eat ables, and had left the sc en u s e ta P o t i on hi , s ta tiv n e g n w tu i r t e h s h b im y a a rail ne; tailors of the be thankful for . 13 ment, or to as her inclination or good sense may inauspicious union,hi re Chronicle. deserted fair one is left either h rtoesleaameenftrohmeradissomappewoihnatt dictate.—Derbys D IST RESS IN PAISLEY.—We are happy to fi n d that the number twenty-four, though much is to be feared increase d only t wen heavy failures lures which occurred a of the unemployed has, during_ . last. week. dents 4,750 ;females , I 1 609 dependents 3,218 ; dependents Kilbarchan Johnstone Barrhead few days ago. The numbers now are :—males 1,900, be of unemployed amounts to nearly 13,070. &c., the num r from the effects of some su w Argus. c 7 i . d Including e n t occurred m • whichPiPe in n the to a man ' named Charles' Ben jamin,otGal singular ;ilsgol SINGULAR t4 ac 7 h L is am m b o e u t t h h: conveyed im mediately i i ee years ha p o e f L age it w a h p o pe re an side t s ha a t t N he o. ,e . as Walking remains in pipe was when n g h t e he st l r V ue h k itec ag h a t i p s e t l-ro g ad po w sti ith hy a s fo t r r c ee ed t into his throat, and a portion of it broken off. He Eas.;;Aowing in prof he e short time m fe e ll d d ia o t w el n y c t o o n t v h u e lse L d on w d i o th n h afeo s n p y i t . al , H w e h e was re a very dangerous condition. x a Tß si A eg O le ßD r l ee N t A o ß f Y p P et O at l e ' e A s TO w Skitter's garden, at Shrub End Farm -exam, since E , the top of which, when green, extended over a space measuring 33 feet in circumference. A few days since it was dug up, when the amount of produce was found to be 231 ota toes, some of which were very fi --ne, and the greater P part eater fit for the table.—lpswich Express. WEST INDIA MAILS.--Tile following com munication, respecting the transmission of letters to the West Indies will serve for the guidance of the public : (Copy.) " General Post-office, Dec. 10, 1841. Sirs—ln reply to your inquiry, I beg to inform you that the Postmaster-General has authorised ship letter bags to be made up and forwarded by the steam-vessels about to sail from Southampton for the West Indian Islands, prior to the commencement of the new arrange ment for the transmission of the regular mails to the West Indies. I am, &c. (Signed) "THOS. LAUREN CE, Assistant Socretar , y. 46 messrs. Powles, Broth ers an d C o., 13, Austin-friars," i s 0 sale s e ans, ices 1 rtIO C' ares' .31) 0 ad or