The Sun. — London, England, 1828-07-03 00:00:00

elle 5, for :ts of I ion,' 1 act se rejoice t ; a new • uld co-a s tc.ltuiedi $ priest of an adm ' o cement mad;. to said, a ' the gale tot thernselv,d, Duke of 11 Lev. Mr. a b,.in a nints: end when, again whe at the akin. - and driol. in the cink• ithuiiasni and the anent. raVEMET 1.) =red 1111 merick. !cted gartil es of eanlY indeed' travagant iot stop' in ,that tb Sousel and Oa' of the 0 . the rest. 1, as Saws' ed enorold itmate ref ided. n-oprietori every Pt y to the h' Lid ; and I. Idlords of the ay to tall' : matiseticc :awn on 9 a matter etter.) of the 6 / this day,' ;ustine ohn °re f ' support ) arrive 11 1 , ds to DO by the lo are in mot to itholic IZI freeholA Let irvi L Proteste r dace, whe for ward. n in Cla of six g' ye et er CIS) it Edws nergies fe depotatid d forget who woo l wishes/ Ti. Lawler polite, car t principle old feuds )f the land , when ress to t'l? ;mat era fact, eves: en, in OP iearance that Lb' d one, ant =anent', We are every moment in expectation of the arri val of Mr. O'Connell himself, and the state of ex citement in which the whole town is kept is alarm- The streets which are all very long and very Ilarrow, are choked to suffocation, and for several Nies on tke road to Limerick multitudes almost be- Yond number are collected, awaiting the approach of their candidate. I r ku sober Englishmen can have 'Io idea of the extraordinary enthusiasm which per wades all classes here. It is understo o d th a t M r . Vesey Fitzger a ld w il l ue' put in nomination to-morrow by Sir Edward O'Brien, and the nomination will it is said, be se conded by a Roman Catholic gentleman. His rival \yin be nominated by O'Gorman, and the nomina tion iecende Steele. The inhabitants here are preparing for a general i l ltiiithiation this evening, in honour of Mr. O'Con. 411, whose arrival is expected every hour. (From the Times.) DUBLIN, .MoNDAv.—We have just heard that a third candidate, F. S. Butler, Esq. (a Protestant), to b e put in nomination against 111 r. Fitzgerald, to i ntstira that gentleman's defeat, in case the objections a gainst Mr. O'Connell are valid. From Limerick learn that the wh o l e garr i son o f that city h ave f 'teived - orders.,to,h e ld it se lf i n rea di n ess to m arc h Clare Cistle,"about a mile and a half from Ennis. (Prom triajoriti, ection el nor Re' ht s al eriat Par, a Catholic C orres p on d ent of the Morn i ng Herald. , DUBLIN, MONDAY, JUNE 30.—N 0 wo rds can n rig er' ''ctibe t o you t h e exc i tement of the public mind rc "h g 4 tding the election of Clare. j navel-, in the t h is 0 Ptc' c ottra t of.. my observation, wit nesse d so exc i te d a t ( stat e of nour, we ' publi c feeling. Heaps of l etters from high iat Meet' 'Natters waived in t hi s c i ty to -d ay, Ca l l i ng upon the Friends'of Government," to whom t h ey were ad return (4 d ' veil, •to stand by Mr. Vesey Fitzgerald. All is ti to pro' it ( : his duty' h vain. O'Connell will be returned; or, in . ease , ~ -e be refused as a candidate by the Sheriff, a Pro ig being leitairrientleman• will be started, and lie will be as le South Rhittrairly successful. I s a y if he be refused, as day _ the a report' is in general circulation this morning uty. V that the Sheriff, actin t:rrwhich the g Under the opinion o f ex-Attorney -G momeyt. Sergeant Illackburne, neral (Saurin) and Mr. will refus e t o receive hi m equalil las 4 candidate; and it is further added that est, this direction has been co untermanded by an 01 der • , from your side, from a quarter of high authority, to :•. ' ` O . tefuse - him at ail events. and to trust to an indemnity lust. t,lii,„ for the act. I must say I do not believe this. I rushing k4- 6 :--- e ,. ,_.. Nit Ittn g e , the Assessor, left town with all anxi ' I 'ls - rni -. 'nade uto receive Mr. O'Connell as a I, on his ktididate, - and thit t e was determined to recommend ,vorn DY his servants pure 'unmitigated green—the colouring of the carriage itself green also—the dress of the agitator himself that of the Order of Liberators— and that of the gentleman who accompanied him, Mr. Nicholas Purcell O'Gorman, Secretary to the Catholics of Ireland, who was dressed in a green coat, with white silk lining, the buttons being en graved with a shamrock, with the legend " Erin go Begh ;"— a ll contr ib ute d to awaken in the minds of peasantry here the idea that the time is coming When the people will be free. While the horses were changing, an immense mul titude collected around Mr. O'Connell' s carriage, and would have taken the place of the animals in drawing him through the town. However, lie re - monstrated with them, and after some observations as t o the handle their enemies, and the enemies of their country, would take of all ,their actions, he prev a il e d on t h em to l et the horses' be substitutes. their •. .. . it • Similar triumpns, appears, attended the pro gress of the Learned Gentleman through Kildare. Across the' Curragh he was accompan:,ed by several thousands, preceded by bands of music, the party b ear i ng fl ags, in dusk and several scribed Success to O'Connell,"—" The Man of with Vesey Fitzgerald, the Peo le ' " Down They trott e d a l ong sVellinetonf and Peel."— a smart pa ce . Mr. O'Connell's carr i age at r., • As Me n;- through •• •• ; 47 4 tl t t he A y Pproached, the diff e r en t t owns • bonfi- went were all illuminated, and • ..es awl tar barrels were blazing in all directions. They arrived in Nenagh, about 71 miles from Dublin' ott Sunday m orn i ng , an d were met b y a ca valcadepf horsemen : the peasantry in their Sabbath attrre /net Mr. O'Connell about a mile from Nenagh, and accompanied him into the town. After break fasting at the hotel, Mr. O'Connell and his friends 'went to the Chapel to Mass. Afterwards the Leader addressed the people from the foot of the altar: he spoke at great length, and the cheers and Shouts of approbation resounded through the build . nlg, and was caught by a numerous crowd outside.. lie called on, the people to assist by•their prayers in the success of the great event, which was that week, he anticipated, about to take place. He declared his intention to poll the entire county, and stated, that as far.as he could go, in a constitutional way, he we•uld proceed in this great struggle for Inland and freedom. -Mr. O'Gorman subsequently addressed the people. They afterwards set off for the county of Clare, and were still accompanied by the horsemen. They crossed the Shannon at O'Brien's Midge, part of which town is the county of Clare, and here on their first arrival, in what may be called the scene of action, the most extraordinary spectacle of the day was presented. The venerable Parish Priest, at the head of about 5,000 of his flock, advanced arid met the procession, which the Priest hailed with a degree of enthusiasm that almost drew tears from Mr. . O'Connell and the gentlemen who accompanied him. From this place to Tulle, all in the county of flare, they were met at every point and inters ec ti on h roads by an accum u l a t ing mu l t i tu d e o f a ll vhl ases, ages, and sexes. At Tulla a similar ovation ttended them, and at this time there could not be less than ten or twelve thousand persons assembled. • Here, also Mr. O'Connell addressed the multitude E'.,"•hia own favour. .He entreated th em t o atten d i n 's th e fi rst day of the election, and show their praonsdela. ords th at they.were not the' slaves th e y su p- One day would show Vesey Fit zgera ld h ow hopeless w ere his chances of success. He impressed "" l'is hearers the necessity of preserving the peace, and riot allowing their enemies to take advantage of their folly. He did not wish to heat Vesey Fitzge rald but by his votes at the hustings. - E'rorts, .SUNDAY MORNING:I have' a curious fact to state, which at once evinces the determina tion of the Gentry to withstand the present attempt of the Catholic Association to dictate to, or force a representative on them. Sir Edward O'Brien, of Dromoreland, who was for several Parliaments the colleague of Mr. Vesey Fitzgerald in the represen tation of the county, came home expressly from Dublin, on the first announcement of this extraor dinary contest. He has always been a friend to the Catholics, and almost uniformly voted with the Op position. It was, therefore, deemed advisable by the- Deputation from the Association, to, wait on the wortlay.Baronet, to know what were his feelings on the occasion. Sir Edward promptly told them, that he - should give all his support. to Mr. Fitzgerald, whatever were to be the consequences. This reply has considerably 'chagrined the agitators who cal culated at l eas t on the neut ra lit y o f Sir E. O'Brien. Tbie latter has personally canvassed his own tenantry. Yesterday Mr. Fitzgerald was also engaged in a canvass. The freeholders, in some instances, were insolent to the Right Hon. Gentleman. Such is th e state of things to which the present system of excitement has brought a body of the peasantry, which, with very few exceptions, has been obedient to their, landlords, good tenants, and who, at the time when the great insurrection of 1825 raged in their immediate vicinity, Limerick, were compara tively speaking, calm and tranquil. The landlords are, seemingly, afraid to speak to their tenants on the subject of this election, arid it is to be appre hended that it will end in a total estrangement of all their ties. • 'After mass at the chapel, again this day, Mr. Lawless, Mr. O'Gorman Mahon, Mr. Maurice O'Connell, and Mr. Richard Scott addressed the poodle; the great burthen of their entreaties was, that the peace might not-be broken, and that during the whole pro cee din gs tranquillity might be pre. served. 'din) SEPARATE MEETING OF CATHOLICS, DUBLIN. Yesterday there was a separate meeting by ad journment; ... I iNTH@NY BRoWNE, Esq., in the Chair. Mr. Conway handed in 5/. from the Right Rev. Dr. Kernan, as his Lordship's subscription to the Clare Election ; also a further sum of 50/., collected at a meeting convened by his Lordship at Carrie macross, immediately on understanding that Mr. O'Connell was to sta n d f or Clare. Mr. L'Estrange handed in 231., collected in St. Audeon's parish, and stated several instances of ju venile patriotism that came under his observation on occasion of collecting it. Mr. O'DWYER said, that the various reports afloat this day served to shew the utter hoplessness of the cause of the other party. Out of 100 of these re ports D 9 were lies : the first rumour was, that an unfortunate attorney was shot; this was untrue; the said attorney was still alive and merry. It was also said that the Sheriff was resolved not to put Mr. O'Connell in nomination; this Mr. O'Dwyer also contradicted, as well as some others, and proceeded to observe that Government had directed much of its attention to this election. All the police, all the artillery in the South of Ireland, were on their march for the scene of contest ; there was, however, no occasion for all this. Mr. Lynch had received a letter from his esta blishment near Nenagh. Mr. O'Connell arrived there at three o'clock yesterday. There were up wards of 40,000 persons collected, whom he ad dressed for nearly three quarters of an hour. It was with difficulty that he could leave it at four o'clock. He was then accompanied by .5,000 cavalry, con sisting of the town and country people, besides another troop of a different description—ladies mounted on pillions.—(Laughter.) He had an other letter, which stated that the principal of the landed proprietors of Clare had left their tenantry to act as they thought proper for themselves; so that from this it was thought there would be no contest. Mr. L'EsTRANGE spoke as entertaining consider able apprehension for the scenes that were likely to occur on the Ist and 12th July, in the North. An individual had mentioned to him, that a person in the Liberty had shown him a large bag filled with orange ribbons, to be sent to the North for the Ist and . 12th July. The amount of the day's collection of subscrip• tions-for the election expenses appeared to be up wards of ninety pounds.—Dublin Morning Register, CAMBRIDGE COMMENCEMENT.---This fes tival went off with much eclat, chiefly by reason of the at tendance of the Chancellor (Duke of GLoucEsrEn.) Each day was distinguished by some novelty; and public breakfasts, dinners, morning and evening concerts, sue seeded each other to the great delight of those who fre quented them. Mademoiselle SONTAG was there ; and her beauty and graceful manner infinitely delighted the grave fellows and divines of Alma Mater. The company throughout the festival was highly numerous and fashionable. The first portion of the catalogue of Mr. BROOKES'S celebrated Museum is at length prepared. The delay appears excusable, the description being necessarily very intricate. The sale of the whole will occupy 25 days, commencing on the 14th inst. LITERARY NOVELTIES.—Itt the Literary Gazette of Saturday next (No. 598), will be given an Ac count of the Irish Order of Liberators, its Origin, and Purposes, with an Engraving of the Medal worn by the Chief, DANIEL O'CONNELL, and the other Members; Legendary Ballad, by L.E.L. ; and other original articles. In the Review department, Mr. ELERS'S Sketch of the Italian Opera during Seven Years, with selected Anecdotes of all the principal Performers (unpublished); PLA NCHE'S Voya ge down the Danube, with curious German Tradi tions (unpublished) ; Dr. WALsit on Ancient Coins, His tory of the Gnostics, and their polluted 'Worship and Emblems (unpublished); SENIOR'S Lectures on Political Economy ; The Bride, a drama, by JOANNA BAILLIE, with Extracts; and other Reviews. Further Particulars of the Settlement at Fernando Po--remarkable Habits of the Natives. Account of the Solar Spots now apparent, with an Engraving. Transactions of Learned and Scientific Societies, Dramatic Criticisms, the Fine ArtS, Foreign Correspondence, &c. &c.---. Published every Saturday, by W. A. SCRIPPS, 7, W ellington -street, Strand, and 7, South Moulton -stre e t, pike Bd.; or stamped (for country circu lation by post) Is. Also in Monthly and Quarterly Parts, f ri the of year receiving 82 8 are th e n m u 17 - for the conveni ence of t hese who h ave on l y occasional op. ppoarrttus for ready.Th _The fiat two Quarterly IMPURE AND raTnY .• A TER.—A . cor respondent observes, t he public ean have no longer cause se to complain either of the filthy state or impurities oldie river wa ter, since the 1 I t.oenments of th e fi rst medical men in England have proclaimed the remedy to he in their own has.:. It; after the pnblic expusitisn before the Com mittee of the House Of 'Commons, viz. —That a consider able quantity of htuunan excrement, in a subdivided and undecomposed state, actually p asses constantly in their cisterns, they Can resist the certain means of purifying, as well as chrestalisiag, all the water they can consume, they tto cease to complain. The reme d y i s one of ought at health of our tead ers ,. and at the such v as t i i nport to the 1 same time so refreshing (in a, much as it cures both the smell and taste), that Ale have deemed it expedient to have ocular demonstration of the facts, which had previously received the high san , ,iion of all the respectabl e part of the medical world (and to which we earnestly invite attention), and the result we uithesitatingly proclaim to be must com plete and salutary. The price of this God-seed (for so we must call it) is an additional iirlucement why no re spectable family should be without it. GEORGE ROBIN S is the patentee, and hi: Oilier, at No. 69, Strand, daily and bourly attests it, ealuAble qualities. the Sheriff to do so. In case of the refusal of the Sheriff, it woold h. the ditty of the Assessor to give his opinion of Oa, law publicly upon the point, and then to duclare that he should be 110 longer considered the Assessor of 'the Election, his advice not being follo.ved. Amongst the rumours flying about town to-day is one that has caused some alarm ; but I have made every inquiry into its truth, and I cannot find any authentic source to trace it to. It was said that Mr. Edward Hickman was shot in a duel by a Protestant Gentleman at the Liberal side. It is generally understood that Mr. Hickman mentioned to his reputed adversary last week that he hoped nothing would occur to disturb, the friendship which had hitherto existed between them, but that lie heard an attempt was to be made to bring over his freeholders to Mr. O'Connell's side, and that he had his pistols ready, and would use them against any man who would thus interfere. It is said that the gentleman thus cautioned replied; that he, after such a threat, felt he was bound, as a man of honour, to show his regard for it, and that Mr. Hickman's freeholders would be the first he would canvass. Probably this conversation, which certainly did occur, may have given rise to the report of this duel, which the rumour alleges took place late yesterday even ing, in the county of Limerick. I repeat my own disbelief of the affair, although I think it right to give you the foregoing account. Letters from the south and south-west of Ire land, in town to-day, state that parties of mounted police are proceeding from every quarter of the country towards Clare; and I am enabled to say that there is a general movement of cavalry and some pieces of artillery towards the same quarter; but these precautions are unnecessary. The people are too well disciplined to break the peace, and give their opponents-who have all the law, as the peasantry phrase is, at their side—an opportunity of outiing them down. You are already aware that Father Maguire is on the spot. His influence in Ireland is immense, from the opinion generally entertained of his being a persecuted man. O'Connell's reception in Nenagh yesterday was meat extraordinary. The entire population poured out to meet him. Thousands of pedestrians, each man bearing a green branch, typical of peace, in his hand, went forward to meet him miles on his route: Four thousand horsemen at least, all in precession, and bearing at intervals ban ners, ornamented with appropriated devices, and pre ceded by a band, attended him as a retinue. Through out his various addresses he besought the people to be peaceable, and the effect of his advice was visible. After he had passed through the country the crowds dispersed. A body of horsemen attended him as a guard of honour from one district to another. OLD BAILEY.-(TITIS DAY.) OLD COURT. 1 his morning these Sessions commenced before the Right Hon. the LORD MAYOR, the SHERIFFS, the RECORDER, Mr. Justice LITTLEDALE, &c. &c. MALICIOUSLY SHOOTING. George Watts, aged 56, was indicted for having fired a pistol, loaded with powder and ball, at Thomas Bullock Watts, on the 26th of April last. The prosecutor stated, that he is an attorney, and lives in Charles-street, Pentonville. On the 26th of April the prisoner came to him, and demanded some money. Witness told him that he had none. Soon after this a pistol was fired, and witness heard a whizzing noise near his bead, as if from a bullet, which was afterwards found in the ceiling. Witness secured him, and found another loaded pistol in his right hand, and two others were found in his pocket. He was overpowered and delivered into custody. Cross-examined by Mr. PLATT.—Witness had been engaged in a law•suit. The prisoner had been insaue for fourteen months. A statute of lunacy had been taken out, and an inquest had been held at the London Tavern. Witness was examined, but his evidence was. rejected. The prisoner executed a deed of assignment of all his property to witness in March, 1827. Did not see him fire the pistol. The prisoner's wife was present, and remonstrated with him afterwards : he then muttered something which witness did not hear. Mr. C. PHILLIPS, for the prosecution, said that the servant girl was not present in Court, therefore he should offer no more evidence. The prisoner said, in his defence, that his brother had used him shamefully, and driven him out of his mind. . . Dr. Monro, Dr. Box, the medical attendant at Newgate, Mr. Fenner, a surgeon, and other witnesses, gave it as their opinion that the prisoner was insane. Mr. Justice LITTLEDALE summed up, and the Jury returned a verdict of Not Guilty generally, without reference to the ground of insanity. NEW COURT. Elizabeth Simpson was indicted for stealing, on the 23d of June, two brass eandlesticks, the pro perty of Mr. Colon, a gentleman residing in the vicinity of Bedford -square. The Jury returned a verdict of " Guilty," but strongly recommended the prisoner to mercy. James 111`Farlane stood indicted for stealing a watch, the property of a gentleman named Brown, residing at Wapping. It appeared in evidence that the prisoner had re cently left India, where the prosecutor had a brother residing, who had entrusted the prisoner with the watch, enclosed in a little bag, to deliver to his brother in England ; but instead of taking it to its ;roper destination, he broke open the box, and pledged the watch at Canterbury. The theft was discovered by I a letter from India, received by another hand. The prisoner was acquitted, by reason of a flaw in the indictment. THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) FISII-MARKET, BILLINGSGATE. This morning's market exhibited a very limited supply of fish in general, with a corresponding demand.—The following were the prices : Prime Turbot, each 2ls. Od. to 245. Od. Ditto small, per do. ...... .......... ...... .. Fine Dories, each 5 0 15 0 Soles, per three pairs Salmon, per lb. ss 1 6 1 10 Fine Whitings, per 15 3 0 12 0 Scate, each Haddocks, per dozen - 6 0 24 0 Brill, each 10 1 6 Gurmitts, each Live Flounders, per quartern Live Eels, per t10. Dutch Plaice, per basket 3 0 7 6 Fine Lobsters, per score 45 0 50 0 inferior ditto' 10 0 20 0 Fine Crabs (each) Fine Prawns, per lb. Shrimps, per gallon Fine Yarmouth Red Herrings, per litnrired 0 0 7 0 Scotch ditto 0 0 6 0 Dutch Pickled Herrings, per keg 6 0 0 0 Slackarel, per 120 3O 0 40 ti HAY M AIME l'S—(At per lead of ;Jti trusses. ST. J A 51 ES'S. .i. a. X. a X. s. X. a. lowland Mead. Hay 3 10 to 4 0 Clover Flay ..... .... 4 oto 6 0 Upland Ditto 4lO 510 Oat Xitraw ll4 118 ttye-grass Hay - 4 10 510 Wheat Dito ..... .... 1 18 2 2 New Meadow Hay 315 4 0 A moderate supply, and a steady trade at Tuesday's prices. SMITHFIELD. X. Lowland Mead. Hay 3 0t o 4 0 Cloy. Hay generally 4 10 to to 10 Upland Nitto 4 0 415 Do. extra fine O4) 6 0 Ity - e-grass Hay 4 0 415 Oat Straw ll9 114 New Meadow Hay 3 11) 4 0 Wheat Ditto ll4 118 Supply moderately good, tra e dull, and prices about as last quoted. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. IPSWICH RACES. WED N EWA 1", JULY 2.—The Gentlemen's Purse of 50ga. Heats, two miles and a quarter. Colonel Wilson's gr. c. by Johanna-- I I Mr. Wetherby's g. Tokay, 6 yrs Lord Tavistock's ch. m. Leeway, 5 yrs 0 0 Sowerby's br. f. by Whalebone 0 0 Won easy. A Pony Race of no interest followed. GRAND CRICKET MATCH. The Grand Match between J. Bailey, Esq., and ten of his neighbourhood, against eleven of the Marylebone Clubs, which was played at Lord's Cricket Ground on Monday and Tuesday, was decided in favour of the latter, as follows J. BAILEY, ESQ. MARYLLIONE. Ist Innings Qd Ditto 148 2d Ditto.. 125 198 281 SPARRING AT THE ROYAL TENNIS COURT, WINDMILL -STREET. Young Dutch Sam took his benefit yesterday at the above place. " Lots of fun" were promised, but somehow or other it did nit draw, and the attendance was thin. Ned Crafer and Latham opened the ball. Ned after wards announced that he would have a benefit o❑ Thursday night, at the Wheat Sheaf, Camden-town, when he promised some high fun at a low figure. Murphy and Brookery fidlowed, and the latter challenged Jetn Stockman for 101. a-side. Jein took up the gauntlet, and offered to stake a sovereign, but the invita tion was unproductive. The Bomford Baker then very unceremoniously kneaded away at Bill Savage, dealing out hits in baker's dozens, till he had nearly . deranged Bill's upper crust. The latter seemed weak. Lock and the Bristol Baker then took a manly retie, very much to the advantage of both, and the enllghten ment of the rustics. Jem Stockman and John Belasco then produced a spi rited set-to, in which one of the mufflers on Jem dispersed its contents, during a manly rally, to nearly all parts of the Court. Some new mufflers being procured, they were intro duced on Spring and Tom Gaynor. The latter is so much improved in quickness with band and foot, he got well away from . some of Spring's very sharp returns. They were loudly applauded. Dick Curtis and Tisdale then made a fine display, rather to the advantage of Dick. After Donovan and Barker, came Young Sam and Harry Jones. Sam began to make play, but the " Sailor Boy, though still an invalid, stopped him well, and Sam took nothing by his motion. Sam stated that Tonillricher had promised to set-to w ith him, but had not arrived, why, he knew not. Thanks being returned, the Court adjourned. GEORGE ROBINS, the indefatigable, and we nosy add, universal auctioneer, brings to our mind John Ball's song of Monsieur Nting-tong-paw; for in truth, Mr. ROBINS sdls every thing and every Ivhere—one day we hear of his knocking down princely collections of pictured, jewels, &c., to the enormous amount of half a million ; and the next, half a county of valuable land is distributed by his potent catapulta. Freeholds and leaseholds, copy holds and securities, our friend GEORGE Conveys to new hands, with more facility than the stamp officer can put the impress upon the leedt , . or is he entirely confined to the li v i ng , for even the rel i es of mortality, under his ham.- mer acquire the benefit of resurrettion.—Beo omte ' s cele brated museum of anatomy is, we perceive, to be separated by public &action, under his direction. Now, although we wisht Mr. Ilonins well, and are heartily glad that he has the office, We yet cannot help feeling a deep regret, that so highly valuable and unrivalled a collection, formed during many years of unremitting practice, by one of the most st.ilful anatomists in the world, should be doomed to he -lispersee4, when, as a whole, it must be oldie greatest con sequence to the progress of the science of surgery. FINANCE COMMITTEE. The following is a copy of the Second Report from the Select Committee on Public Income and Expenditure : ORDNANCE ESTIMATES. The SELECT CommirreE appointed to inquire into the State of the Public Incom e and Expenditure of the United Kingdom, and to. consider and. report to the House, what further regulations and checks it may be proper, in their opinion, to adopt, foi. establishing an effectual controul upon all Charges incurred in the Re.; et *, Custody, and Application of the Public Money; and what further measure d can be adopted for redu c i ng any part of the Public Expenditure, without detriment to the Public Service :--Have further proceeded to an examination of the matters referred to them, and agreed to the following Report :-- The Committee thought it proper to commence their proceedings with the examination of the Esti mates of the Army, Navy, and Ordnance, because they expected, by taking this course, to be able to report their opinion on each of those branches of Expenditure before the period should arrive when the public service of the country would render it necessary that they should be brought under the consideration of the House: but although they have used all the diligence in their power, they have not been able to accomplish that object with respect to the Estimates for the Army and Navy, and by no means so fully as they could have wished to do with reference to the Estimates for the Ordnance, which form the subject of this Report. The Committee think it right to state in this place, that while they have been engaged in collect ing a very extensive body of evidence, and a great mass of documentary information relating to the prin ciples and details of the Expenditure in these three great branches of the Public Service, they have not been neglectful of that very material object of their inquiry, —the present State of the Income and Expenditure of the Country. —Upon that subject they intend forthwith to submit their views and con clusions to the House in a separate Report. , In reporting upon these Estimates; the Committee haVe been induced to give the precedence to those of the Ordnance, because they have found, in the course of their inqUiries, many circumstances to lead them to the opinion that the principles on which the Ordnance Department is constituted, are better for securing an efficient and economical despatch of bu siness, than those on which the other two Depart ments are founded. They are disposed to think, that they may have occasion' to recommend to the House, to examine whether the mode of conducting business and controlling the Expenditure, in the Ordnance Department, may not be usefully introduced into the other Departments. The Committee have not had time to do more than inqnire, in a general way, into the principal items of the Ordnance Estimates; they beg, there fore, in now remarking upon them, to have it under stood, that they &not wish their observations should be considered as final, or as precluding them from entering upon fUrther investigations with respect to all the subjects treated of, or from making additional recommendations with respect to any particular branch or item of expence, if at a future period, upon more minute inquiry, they shall conceive such inves tigations or recommendations to be requisite; 'and they particularly desire to state, with respect to some parts of the Estimates on which they . give no opi nion in. this Report, that their silence is not to be considered as marking their approbation, of them,' but as proceeding solely from the want of time, which more minute investigation would require. The Committee, in making the following general observations upon the, questions of expenditure and retrenchment, are anxious to explain the principles by which they have been guided in reporting their opinions to the House. In the first place, they unequivocally declare their full assent to the prin ciple, that no Government is justified in taking even the smallest sum of money from the people, unless a case can be clearly established to show that it will be productive of some essential advantage to them, and of one that, cannot be obtained by a smaller sacrifice ; and the Committee think, that the Legis lature. of thi s country is More particularly bound never to deviate in the slightest degree froth that principle, in consequence of the' great perManent burdens which the vast amount of the National Debt has imposed upon the people. The Committee are aware that nothing requires more wisdom and pru dence than to fix the public expenditure at such an amount that the real wants of the people shall not be made to give way to any imaginary wants of the State; the latter arise from so many sources, that it is frequently very difficult to prevent the operation of an undue influence. With regard to retrenchment, the Committee are sensible of the great difficulty which lies in the way of its accomplishment; for if, with the view of ren dering it in any great degree effectual, they should feel it to be incumbent upon them to propose reduc tions in the army and fleet, they will have to oppose themselves to great authorities and to the alleged necessities of the public service; and if, in seeking to obtain any considerable savings in official esta blishments, they should propose, as they probably will be obliged to do, a considerable reform of the administration of the public . expenditure, they will have to contend ss ith deeply-rooted prejudice's, and with the private interests of many individuals. They are also sensible of the ungracious nature of the bu siness in which they are embarked; that all parsi mony is of it quality approaching to unkindness, and that every economical reform must operate in some quarter with severity; but the present circum stances of our finances render the attempt abso lutely indispensable. The Committee particularly desire to draw the attention of the House to the fact, that the ancient and wise controul vested by our financial policy in the hands of the Treasury over all the departments connected with the public expenditure, has been in a great degree set aside. Although it is the prac tice to lay the annual estimates before the Board of Treasury, the subsequent course of expenditure is not practically restrained as. it might to be, by one governing and responsible power, but remains too I much under the separate .management of the de , partments. introducei time The ehe theyt tend. d e " c Y The want of a constant c h ec k over the expen diture, which is the con seque n ce of the departure from the old and co ns titu t i ona l course, has esta blished a sc a l e of exp ence greatly. beyond what existed during f or m er per i o d s of peace. Each de partment naturally en d elv O urs to exalt its own im portance ;' and wishes t o promote its general efficiency, and to have every t hi ng in it complete and per fect. Hence th e d es i re to secure these objects, rather th an t h e ex i gency of the public service, has b a d too muc h i nfluence over a great partof the pub lic expendit ure . I n some branches of the service, old modes of con d ucting public business, full o f co.lplexity an d i nconsistency, have too long been suffered to exist, official forms and r e t urns h ave b een multiplied, an d the result has been an unnecessary increase o f establishments. While, however, the Committee cons i der thetuselves called upon to make these remark s upon what appears to them to be de fective in th e ex i sting system, they fed at the sam e t many 1 esp e l c c t e s i c a o i j i s u i s d t e i c ra e b l b e o i u n il ip d ro t v o em d e e r c i l t a s r h e a V t e b ü b t e e i :I I to expense now compl a i ne d o f , P rincipally origi nate d i n t h e extraordinary circum stances of the country during the last war, which led to measures, suggested by. the difficulties of the moment, rathe r than by a due consideration of the charge which they would occasion. The long con tinuance of this'system established habits which have never been eradicated. Although the Select Committees of Finance, and the Pruliamentaty Commissions of Inquiry, which have been appointed during the last twenty-five years, did not succeed to the full extent that was ex pected, their Reports have been highly beneficial. Some important reforms have been the result of them, and the body of information whiCh they con tain has been of essential use to the Committee. In pursuing the same objects of reform and retrench- Sir Henry Hardinge, on being asked, " Who are the officers who constitute the Board of Ordnance ?" replied, " The Lieutenant-General, who•is the chief officer of the Board; the Surveyor-General ; the Clerk of the Ordnance; the Storekeeper, and the Clerk of the Deliveries." He then proceeded to say, " Each-officer has a separate control over his own department: I conceive .. great advantage is de rived from the present constitution of the Board of Ordnance; each Board eater has a separate respon sibility, as the Head . of a Department, and he, there fore; incurs the responsibility of taking care that the Department of which he is the head shall be con:- ducted according to the regulations laid down ; ht has the power of investigating and rectifying any mismanagement, if any such exists in his own office, and he meets at the Board three times a week for general business, where others have the power: of checking the arrangements in his office, if any thing is going wrong; and I consider the s y s tem a much better one th an t h at o f mere Board Officers, where no one has a control over a separate department. I consider myself responsible that all regulations re lating to Accounts are carried into execution ; the Surveyor -General is responsible that the duties of the Department which he superintends are properly s executed ; and th en t h e M as ter-General having a controlling p ower over th e whole, can check any net of the Board, an d i s , i n fact, supreme over the Bo ar d and the Department." tiiiiiiigigTteho, askedhavingen.Cthoemmoh:iietstgeGoeirlalgEvidence c: e " Does your Grace' concur in th e op i n i on ex. pressed by Sir Henry Hardinge ?" To w hi c h his t the following a dt.e?ftl re lt.iiDicu Henryitikte question Grace replied, " Entirely." His Grace proceeded to say, in answering other questions_." The Board of Ordnance is, in myopinion, a model forßoards— for every Member of the Board has a particular de partment. This is always .scar advantage, on account of the celerity with which business can be done; and at the same time there is every check, because every thing comes under the view of the Board ---ab hough in its detail's it is managed by one head, and , then the whole business conies daily under the superintes4-• mice of the Master-General from the reports which he requires. There is a detailed minute of all the proceedings of the Board, and the Master-General has daily under his view a knowledge of every thing which is going on in each department. There hardly any duty that an officer performs that doe:: not come, in some degree, under the revision of the Board ; for instance, each of these gentlemen making i report periodicallY of all the business they r transact, of the Number of accounts that they have settled, the 'lumber of returns they have examined—all this is reported td the Master-General ; sO that it comes before the Board, and any transaction at the Board itself conies, before , the Master-General." In respect to the best manner of forming a Berard for controlling the Public Expenditure, the following part of the examination of the Duke of Wellington appears to the Committee to be of great importance: Q. " Is your Grace of opinion that this system of in dividual management is better than by Committees of Boards " Yes, certainly." . Q. "Does your Grace conceive that iu the former case the inferior officers and clerks perform their duty better ?" —A. 'f Q. "Has ea,7 l, jndividual offi , er the patronage of his ilepartvnezit ?" a r A . .ach of the principal officers of the Ordnance ha s the patronag of his own department. The Master-Gen era l h as t h e patronage - , of the appointment of all the officers out of th ose part i cu l ar dui,:rtments." The Committee h as given to the evidence of the Duke of Wellington and Sir :: 4 enrY Har dinge the consideration that is due to it in coil sequence of, the high authority f rom which pro ceeds. They have considered th e circumstaCces on which it is founded ; and the r es ult is, their con curring in the conclusions which the Duke of Wel lington and Sir Henry Hardinge have come to, in favour of the general constitution of the Ordnance Department. fhe Committee are of opinion, that where there is collective responsibility, eaLh indi vidual is disposed to consider himself as in a great de gree relieved from personal responsibility; but that where there is individual responsibility, no such feel ing can exist ; responsibility is then brought home to each individual, and is a constant motive to render him faithful in the discharge of his public duty. The Committee think that in the latter case (which is the case of the Ordnance Department), while, on the one hand the advantage of a prompt and con sistent administration is secured by personal respon sibility, on the other, the tendency which there always is, when power is vested in a single person,to abuse it, is effectually restrained by the continued checks of the controlling authority of the Board and Master-General. But, however wise the principles may be, which are the basis of the Ordnance system of Administra tion, the Committee cannot forget the waste and profusion which marked the conduct of this Depart, ment during the last War; a circumstance which proves, that notwithstanding an establishment may be framed on the best principles, matters fluty go wrong unless it is controlled by some higher power. So that, although the Committee have no hesitation in expressing their approbation of the administration of the Ordnance Department as it is now condticted, they feel, at the sometime, as experience spews, that no perfection of the forms, or of the organization of a Department, can alone be a security against abuse; but 'that it is" indispensably necessary that the Treasury should at all times, and on all occasions, exercise a real authority over it. 'The following extract from the evidence of S.:r Henry Hardinge will explain to the House the im provements which have been introduced into this Department since the year. 1820. " The Ordnance Civil Establishment," he says; " in 1820, consisted of 504 civil officers and clerks, and the expense was 127,9321. The consolidated establishment of 1828 consisting of 530 civil officers and clerks, their salaries amounts to 121,0001. ; that is, including the whole of the departments transferred to the Ordnance. So that, in 1828, we are performing all the duties of the depart ments transferred, for 6,000/Jess than the Ordnance alone cost in' 1820. In the four departments which have been transferred to the Ordnance since 1820, there were 200 officers and clerks, and their salaries "amounted to 41,1554 ; adding ate Ordnance of 1820, the total number, previous to the consolida tion of the four departments with the Ordnance, will be 704 civil officers and clerks, amounting to 169,087/. The total number this year amounts to 330 civil officers and clerks, their salaries amounting to 121,6814, being a reduction in favonr of 1828 of 174 clerks and ciuil officers, and a saving of 47,406/." The Committee feel it to be justly due to this de partment, to acknowledge the good public spirit which has been displayed by the forms which have been introduced into it, and by the zeal with which the business of it is carried on. While, however, they are called upon to bear testimony to the great exertions made by the Duke of Welling -ton, and to bestow praise on the Board of Ordnance for the improvements they have effected during the last eight years, they would fail in the proper discharge of their duty, were they not to mention that many valuable reforms were made by his predecessor in office. It appears that the Treasury, in consequence of the Conunittee of Finance of 1817 having pointed out several abuses, proposed .various measures for putting a stop to them, whieli were readily adopted by the Master General and the Board. Sir Henry Hardinge says, in the evideace given by him to the Committee, " It would be a great injustice to those who preceded the Duke of Wellington, if I were to attempt to claim this (the saving which had been mad e i n t h e expen di ture o f the Department), as a merit solely effected since 1820."—" The reductions that were made by the Master General who preceded the Duke of Welling ton were made on a large scale." " I find that in the years 1817, 1818, and 1810, three-fourths of the whole expenditure were diminished."—" I beg to state, that on the Estimates since 18,17 .up to the present year, the Ordnance Department have credited the public, in diminution of the votes required of Parliament, a sum exceeding 2,000,0004 in amount. This system was first put into operation by ,Lord Mulgrave and my predecessor Mr. Ward." The Committee cannot take it upon themselves to say, whether, notwithstanding so much has been done in diminishing the ,expense of the .Ordnance Establishment, every practicable reduction has been made; since, in order to form a correct opinion on this question, it.would be necessary to enter into a!I inquiry be prosecuted which, h owever, t h ey by t h e G overn : - de tails of the duties of inferior officers and subo r di nate departments.--,The,multiplicity of claim s on t h e at tention of the. Committee will not p erm i t t h em to are t n e of t it etrfin some uopvcuinii opinion other.cb should way, as it will appear, in a sub- scriuen i,pa . rt of this Report, t h at t h e present esta blishment i s a much greater charge to the public than - it was some years ago. FROM lIATSELL'S PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS. " Sir John Leech, having sat in the House, not having taken the oaths, as he was bound to do by the Statutes, went out of the House to the Lord Steward's Deputies, de siring to have the oath ministered to him : but they first askin g him Whether he had sat in the House, or in tbiq Parliament? Whareto he answered he had ; and they then demanding whether he had taken the oath in part, or 110111 at all ? He said, none at all ; they forbore to give him the oath till they had first acquainted the House with it, which they did. A debate arose, in which Mr. Crewe said, Sir John Leech cannot serve in Parliament, for then th e House should dispense with an Act of Parlia , merit,. • which saith—‘ He,whe sitteth in the House un .neurn, shall be accounted as a man not elected or returned.' •-;i e John Leech was then called to the bar, where he kneeled ; and then being bid stand up, he confessed he had at in the Muse a quarter of an hour, on Wednesday morn ing last, being unswcra. He was therefore disahlial to serv e in this House for this Parliament, and a new writ was sent forth by course, not by order." —Pail. 1620. " The oaths alluded to were the oaths of siTrtmacy and allegiance."—Note in Resell, vol. 2, p. 83. Tl:e Esex Hop Plantations are not so I,toini;,:ng as they wti e a few clap back... 7 ,6'oex licral(f. ment,s the-Committee feel convinced that it is es sentially necessary, in order to give full effect to efforts, that what they may have to propose shall enibrace nieasuresfor securing, Ist, A clear and uniform System of Accounts in all the Offices; 2d, a principle of Simplification and Consolidation in the transaction of publiii sbusineSs; 3d, an effectual con trol in the Treasury over the departments; and lastly, a strict adjustment of the Numbers of our Military and Naval Forces, so as not to exceed what is really necessary for the peace and security of the Empire. With respect to the first of these objects, the Committee, in :order ;to lose as little time as pos sible in. Requiring : the `means of proposing to the House a plari.focreforming the mode of keeping 4C counts, took this' branch into consideration very soon after their appointment; but theyl found they could not make any progress in it, from their not being sufficiently acquainted with the details of the existing systems of Accounts. This difficulty is new, however, in the way of being removed, in consequence of the Treasury having appointed a Commission to examine into the practice which prevails in each public office,' and to report the't opinion upon such a plan as may seem to them the best adapted for keeping the accounts of the Public Expenditure. With respect to the second object, the Commit tee confidently expect that some departments, or branches of departments, will be found to admit of being so consolidated as to relieve the public service from the disadvantages Which arise from their having been constituted at a period when the principles of banking were unknown as well .as other modern modes of carrying on public business ; they also her chat some Beards and checks which were originally framed to restrain the practice of making an im proper use of the public money, and which are no longer necessary, may be discontinued; improved regulations, an increased vigilance on the part of Parliament; And the general publicity of o ffi cial pro ceedings, having introduced more correct principles of conduct in the public departments of the State, and repressed this abuse. With respect to the next great object to be se cured, namely, the establishment of an effectual control in the hands of the Treasury, this is nothing more than the restoration to the 'rrea, sury of its ancient authority: It is necessary that this control should be constantly exercised in deter mining the amonnt of expenditure to be incurred by each department, in securing the application of each . sum voted in the Annual Estimates to the service for which it has been voted; in regulating any ex traordinary expenditure, which, upon an emergency, may be deemed necessary within the year, although not included in the Estimates ; arid in preventing any increase of salary or extra allowance, or any other emoluments, being granted, without a minute, ex.: pressive of the approbation of the Board of Treasury. The Committee have further to observe, that it is expedient, not only to restore, this control, but to secure it from being again set aside; which cannot be effected except by the House of Commons con stantly enforcing its application, by holding the Treasury responsible for every act of expenditure in each Department. But when the Committee thus mention the House of Com:irons as the last resort for protecting-the' public from profusion, they can not, consistently with their dety, refrain from saying that some striking instances have .of late taken place of the House itself having very unfortunately inters fered when the Government had proposed very wise' and salutary measures of. retrenchment, to prevent their .being carried into effect. The - Committee allude to the repeal of the law for making a deduc tion from the salaries of all Civil Officers, to form a 'Superannuation Fund; and to the House having relaxed the restrictions respecting the Pensions of Widows of Officers, and Half-pay Officers receiving their Half-pay when appointed to civil employments. As to the fourth and last object, which has been stated as necessary to be Attained, in order to an efficient reform in the Expenditure, namely, the re gulation of the Amount of our Military and Naval . Forces by the real wants and necessities of the State, the Committ ee at.? strongly of opinion that this is a principle that ought not on any account to begiven up to speculative apprehensions. As the Army and Navy are the great sources' of' expense, it is only by keeping them within proper limits that any great saving can be effected; and therefore it is particularly necessary. carefully to examine the rea sonings and statements of those individuals, who being qualified, from their official stations, to give full information on these subjects, are liable to be led by professional feelings to recommend a higher standard of preparation for war, than a less biassed view of circumstances might suggest. The Committee, after full consideration, adopt the opinion expressed by the Select Committee of Finance of 1819, that —" It is difficult to deteimine the proper mean to be preserved between a position of complete preparatiOn for defence, and- that state of economical reduction which may prudently be conceded to the resources of the country." But, during. a period of peace; the Committee must ad vert, as that Committee did, "to the necessity of turning times of tranquillity to the improvement of the revenue by retrenchment and economy—with out which the best means of defence may be render ed incapable of exertion in moments of alarm and danger." They beg earnestly to press this ob servation upon the serious attention of the House. The powers and duties of the Ordnance Depart ment are minutely described in the Twelfth Report of the Commissioners of Public Accornits; in the Twenty-first Report of the Select Committee of Finance of 1797; in the Thirteenth Report of the Commissioners of Military Inquiry; in the Third Report of .the Select Committee of Finance of 1817; and in the documents contained in the Ap pendix to this Report. The information Which is contained in these Re ports makes it unnecessary to give any elaborate statements of these powers and duties. The-Com mittee, therefore, will do no more than bring 'them Shortly under the notice of the House, by quotations from the evidence of Sir Henry Hardinge, and the Duke of Wellington.