The Sun. — London, England, 1841-01-19 00:00:00

EVEN ING EDITION. MONEY MARKET and CITY EIV S. (MONDAY EVENING.) HERA LD.—A singular report is given in the Ameri can papers of one of the Commis sioners for managing the state debt. of Indiana, and providing for the payment of dividends, the last of which in July was a matter of con siderable difficulty, but it is only Lair to add was eventu ally acccrmplished, much:to the credit of the State and its officers, although at great pecuniary sacrifices in the sale of stock and excessive discounts on exchanges of paper available for remittances to New Orleans and New York. These difficulties in making provision for the dividends falling due arose however from no want of apparent assets, or credits, in possession of the State, had they been of a nature to be made serviceable, for exclusive of a debt from the Mortis Canal Corn praly of upwards of 1,000,000 dollars upon balanc Vie State was and appears to be still a holder ,f :State, bank, railroad, and other stocks and shares, of -very indifferent repute to the extent of above 1,000.,000 dollars more, the larger proportion of which was i'acon vertible into real values on any terms, and what in',ght be disposable, only so perhaps in the way of depoP:it as col lateral security for money advanced on an. emergency. The Commissioner in his Report confesses rxith a candour approaching to simplicity, that he had "-made indiscreet sales of bonds. . . . I must say," he states, " that I have made contracts for the sale of our bonds that I would net with my present experience make again, but at the time they were made, in the honesty of my heart I believed them to be for the interest of the State." The unsale ;able stocks and shares referred to were doubtless a part of the consideration received in satisfaction of con tracts for the sale of Indiana Bonds to unsubstantial parties. But past experience was not sufficienti:. :smart to prevent the worthy Commissioner from faPs.„ ing into, other blunders. For example, he was jtiggif.d by the Morris Canal people to hold over or waive.'tbe .heavy claim of the State before noticed, on mortgage of -the Morris Canal itself for 1,250,000 dollars. He atatss :himself for his justification that the canal is worth 2,000,001 j but:cost 4,000,000 ; that it produces 70,000 dollars a year; bul as the expenses of management and worki ng anek.unt •to 50,000, there results, even should the valuatir,a b e realised, no more than 20,000 del Lars annually towards the interest upon 1,250,000, which at 6 per eel: 4 4, would be 75,000 dollars, to say nothing of principal for ever un redeemed. The poor man appears to have been duped every way by the Morris Canal Company, foz- it was from them also he received, and the State was saddled with, the 1,000,000 dollars and upwards of discredited stocks and shares before mentioned, by way oft payment of In diana bonds. CHRONICLE.—Lord Al.',horp, now Earl Spencer in moving, on the 31st of May, 1833, that the Howie re solve itself later a Coro.mitrte of the whole House on the re newal of the Bank Char*.er, said, " It is certainly a ques. lion of great importance whether it is desirable to trust such a power in the ',tends of persons not legally respon sible,:or in the hands of a Government which is responsible: and another poiot is, whether the profits, necessarily to be derived, sheeeld belong to the Government, or be allowed to the Company? The advantages, and the only advantages I have been able to discover in a Government bank instete'e of a private company are the responsibility of the mreageri and the profit to be derived front this undertalr.i n ; but it seems to me that they are much 'more than counterbalanced by the practical evils bf such a system." His Lordship then referred to the temptation of Government to abuse its power, and to the impolicy in that case of permitting any resistance to be given to the commercial interests of the country in periods of difficulty—a course frequently pur sued by the Bank of England. His Lordship, therefore, throw aside all idea of a Government Bank for the ma nagement of the paper circulation of the country, and then touched upon another point, which, he observed, had been urged upon some occasions, that although a private corpo ration ought to have the management of the circulation, vet that Government should have a direct control o ver it s affeirs. He states that he did not think this control would be very effectual, and, to a certain extent, he thought it would be liable also to the objection already stated, " but," added his Lordship, " I do not Icnow what great objection there would be to adding t o the practical experience of the Directors the opi mion of the Minister of the day." This adds to the weight of precedent afforded by the Bank of F, ante the important opinion of Lord Althorp, which every man in this country will receive with deep respect, that be knew of no objection to the interference of Go vernment in the management of the Bank. Hie Lord ship, however ; did not think that the establishment of Government control would be of any great advantage. It ruight, he thought, be of some advantage, but not to such ten extent as to make it desirable. The only remaining theek, therefore (and he admitted it was imperfect), was the publication of the accounts of the Bank. His Lord snip then alluded to the principle on which the Rink Had conducted ite business for the preceding five or six years, which ho explained to be the retention of one• third of the liabili , iee to be kept in bullion in the Bank coffers. He very justly observed, that they had the ex perience cf the effect of that inoc'e of management c:trieg a period of considerable difficulty, and he came t o th e ceo . cluelov that it was justified by experience. " Publibty of acii 4t5," said his Lordship, "will enable all nice to judge whether the Bank continues to act upon this wholesome eneiple, or varies from it. It may be said, that the eiasik Directors are not legaliy responsible for their conduct, and Pleat the'/ cannot be punished if t'sey depart from their firmer practice. This is true ; but we must. a , trnit that there is a responsibility to public opinion, and that it will have its control upon men in every situation. Theretote, I am prepared to propose the contieueti,ei of ra single bank of issue in the metropolis, subject to the control of publicity." The publx will thus see that the Mound on which the Bank of England charter was last renewed, as a single bank of issue, was the confident be lief and understanding, that the bullion would be kept on e s fix e d principle of one-third in amount to the liabilities. 'l'he conditiou has been almost entirely disregarded ever emcee The agreement has been broken with the country, and the question now comes to he cono.lered —shall it be renewesP No one, we presumes, enwil propeee to do so on the Fame terms, Without one expressed clause in the Act of renewal, hindine the 13 ink to adhere to certain principles of management, .w e scarcely think that a proposal of renewal would hate any chance of success in Pediment. The point of importance to the public is, should it be renewed even with a clause exposing the Directors to punishment ii, case of forfeiture? We have stated our views on that head al ready, and l , elieve that the only sato remedy is to add ro the check of perfect publieity of accounts the control of citfi teers chosen by the Gown. Lord Althorp was averse to 'tire idea of any compile try enactment to compel the Direc tors to abide by a ;iced principle of management, because lie saw and felt th h only way by which the Directors could expect to maintain public confidence was by proving that they were' possessed of that judgment and steadinese of purpose winch rendered penal clauses to compel there to act raitVells to the nation useless end unnecessary. Experience he, now shown how far that reliance was well placed. The' Direetrus have been weighed in the balance and found wan bog ; and when Lord Althorp sees how his confidroce ili-in has been misplaced, we confidently hope be will admit :hat Government control, after all, re ilu . isite to ensure uniformity and st ea di ncse i n our motic 'eery system. N.—Tie Tallow trade is in a depressed state, owing to ihe apprehended influx of extensive supplies from Buenos Ayres. The fact of Rosas not having ice 'pted the terms offered him by the French Tit!, up to within a day or two of the actual conclusion of the treaty, seems to indicate that he was no very willing party to it. The public securities were dull to-day, but this was not the result or the consequence of any depression in prices. Consols for immediate transfer only alternated from 90 to 904 , and for the Account were all day at 94 Exchequer Bills were at 10s. prem., and India at Bs. discount ; hut these quotations were all but no minal. Bank Stock was 4to 1 per cent. higher again to-day, being firm at 169. - The Reduced Three-and-a- Half per Cents. realized 98i to 99 ; the Three per Cents., 90 to 90:1- ; the Old Three-and-a-Half per Cents., 98 a ; and the New Three-and-a-Half per Cents., 954 to a- Foreign Stocks partook of the general dullness, but, like our own funds, they supported their value. Spasish Bonds went rather higher—viz., 24-4 to 4. Portuguese Three per Cents. were dull at 20i, and the Five per Cents. were not dealt in. Mr. Richard Thornton has I received an answer from the Lisbon Government, ac cepting, of course, his offer to receive the reduced di vidend, and disclaiming any intention to place the In demnity Bondholders on a worse footing than they are at present, but, on the contrary, a desire to raise the value of the security they bold, and make it more mar ketable. Colombian Stork was at 23i to t, Buenos Ayres at 19} to 2.0, and Peruvian at 15 to 16. French Five per Cents. were 1 11 f. 75c., and Dutch Two-and a-Half per Cents. 501 to I. In Shares a moderate degree of animation prevailed. Great Western were 18 to 18i, the New 13§ to 14, and the Fifths 64 premium. Brighton were 6 to 61, Blackwall 33. to 4, and Manchester and Birmingham 14i discount. Australasia Bank Shares were 141, and National Provincial Bank of England a premium. GORE'S NEW NOVEL ABOUT PARIS. —As everybody goes to Paris, everybody should read Mrs. Gore's new novel," Greville," or a " Season" in that de lightful metropolis—by the production of which the au. thoress has conferred a real benefit on the public in several respects. First, she has given them something new—and secondly, her lively pages contain a view of Paris, socially considered, such as no writer but herself is qualified ti af ford. The manner in which Mrs. Gore has introduced her readers at once into the heart of society in the French ca. pital is admirable. She has supplied the public with that intimate knowledge of the domestic life of France only to be obtained by long and familiar residence. In short, it could scarcely be thought possible that a single work could so completely familiarise the reader with the society of a foreign capital as this novel of " Greville," and no English person intending to visit Paris should fail to study its sparkling details. TAICORS AND COATS.-Of all the gifts with which we frail mortals are endowed, there is not one so sadly abused and misused as that of " taste" (mind, we do not use the term palatably) ; and of all tastes surely none is so erually tortured as that of dress. The omni potent arbitress, " Fashion," has much to answer for, her sway in nine cases out of ten being subversive of propriety and judg ment . W hat can be more preposterous than to follow, in every minute particular, the style of dress adopted by any distinguished individual? That which may appear becoming upon the person of Lord A—, might be ridiculous on a Mr. It is the power of nice discrimination alone that identifies the man of taste. To a chosen few only does the enviable talent or gift be long of what we call dressing well.—Sportsman. ' CHE NEWPORT CONVICTS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. S IR—As a Chartist, it would ill become me to keep sile• ace, when I owe a debt of gratitude, which may be sat' isfied by a public acknowledgment. That debt I ow e the present Government for its humane conduct to th, 2 Newport convicts. Be their crimes heavy, or, as VI( : Chartists say, a mere act of momentary weakness, ti ,ey are certainly at the mercy of the laie, and (that in it self being no humane guardian), but for the interfe r once of the Melbourne Cabinet, would have had to un lergo the extreme penalty. Then, for their humanity to them, lot all good Chartists cherish the hope that, when so much leniency has been shown, time, and our own good discretion in future, ' may eventually secure a free pardon. At all events, loud blustering is not the method, and to all such I would say, Let your madness have a method, for by bullying and blustering we placed Frost in his present 'unenviable position, reduced the comforts of his family to comparative wretchedness, and for ever blighted - their prospects. Thanking the Whigs for what they have done, and believing they may yet do more, I remain, Sir, with great respect, Your very humble Servant, A LONDON CHARTIST, Monday, Jan. 18, 1841. GOOD REASONS FOR KEEPING OUT THE TORIES. We would keep in the present Ministers, because we have no doubt, that, whenever a revival of popular zeal shall take place, they will yet do much more ; and we would keep out the Tories, because we believe that they would not do anything for the people under any circumstances. But, say the Tory sophists, " There is a dead lock : parties are nicely balanced : the Ministers can do nothing for you : why, then, keep the Tories out any longer r We confess that we do not see the force of the reasoning. The " dead lock"argument will tell against one party as much as another ; and the Tories, if let in, would still be weaker than those who now hold the reins of government. It is an odd thing to tell us that the sheep-dog should be dis missed, because the wolves are stronger than they were. But ecce signum. We remember a very remarkable in stance of a " dead lock." It took place in one of the early Peninsular campaigns, when the Duke of Welling ton thought it prudent, for a time, to retreat before the enemy. Accordingly, he fell back upo❑ the lines of Torres Vedras. There he halted, and the "dead lock" to which we allude occurred. According to the Tory idea of things, ho should have at once abandoned his position, because ho could not advance. But the Duke knew better. He was " biding his time ;" he was watching his opportunity, calculating the moment when he should again make a rush and scatter his enemies before him, and, in all pro bability, was even then anticipating the splendid series of successful campaigns in which he, subsequently, ren dered such essential services to his country. Even so the bare possession of office is the position, in the political struggle, to which the Liberal party are, for the present, driven. But it would be folly to abandon the Torres Vedras until our enemies are strong enough to force our lines and drive us from them. The wiser plan would be, like the Duke, to hold our own as long as we can, still watching for the time when, with the popular support and with union established amongst all classes of Reformers, we shall be enabled once more to make a forward movement and drive our adversaries before us.—L iverpool Albion. -=sf FLANDERS MAIL. BRUSSELS, JAN. 16.—The Directors of the Rail ways have taken measures to secure them against the inundations. At all the points which are exposed little dykes have been raised on the sides of the railway. Yesterday afternoon the Magistrates of Brussels caused a dyke to be raised along the canal of Charleroi, between the Flanders and Ninave gates, that part of the canal, swollen by the waters of the Senne, threaten ing to inundate the lower part of the city. The Senne continues to rise, and the inundation is extraordinary. There is reason to hope, however, that the river will not rise any more, and that the waters will have subsided in two or three days. Thanks to the timely precautions that have been taken, the iroa rail way is not overflowed as in 1839, and no interruption of the trains has occurred. It is not thought the Scheldt is yet free enough from ice to allow the steam-packets to come up to Antwerp. Some persons finding no Court Circular in our columns have believed that the King was really gone to Ar dcniie, as he intended. This is not the case, but we learn that an indisposition, which is happily nearly over, has obliged his Majesty to keep his room for some days. VIENNA, JAN. 6.—The Constantinople mail of the 23d, which arrived to-day, brings little news. Ibrahim Paella was still at Damascus the 13th of December. His vanvaard, which had taken the caravan-road to the coast, had been defeated and driven back at Mes aerial. The situation of the Egyptian army, if the de moralised fragments of it deserve the name, was be coining more critical every day, and it is not impos.,ible that it ►nay be obliged to capitulate, unless Ibrahim re ceives timely information of the submission of Mehemet Ali. The population of Damascus was in a state of great excitement, and some trifling occa3ion might suf fice to cause an insurrection. Emir Reacher El Kessiw was on his march from Zahlc against Damascus. . _ ..., :ThLtil .-11. , . , P ii:ND-21111;esSI.A, J.N. 15, Actual Dcht, 2! ,, ', per Cent. Rothschild', Loan, 5 per C• ht 97 Loan of Thirty Millions, I per Cent.... ----- - (I 40) 9778 ---- 3 per Cent. ----Thirty.seven -- .. ...... 6•:. ) Loan of city, 132, 4 per Cent flit Societv of Cominorce, 'l5, per Ccnt 11 ,3 Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent ... 87 National Society . Exchange on LondoiA (short) —Brussels Papers, Jan. 15. AUSTRIAN FUNDS..—VIRNNA, JAN. 7 five per Coots. Metalliques Four per Cen ts. Three p• - :r Cents. Bank >hares :693 --Ailgemeine Zeitung. Jan. 12 SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS FROM THE MORNING PAPlilts OF THIS DAY. (From the Morning Chronicle.) In another part of this day's Chronicle will be found an exposition of the course of medical study, and the mode of testing candidates for medical degrees, in the University of London, together with the most satisfac tory proofs of the successful progress of that institution, in reply to the mis-statements and misrepresentations of the Quarterly Review. In the Morning Chronicle of 10th January, 1:37, we entered into an explanation of the objects for which the Metropolitan University was founded, and the article in our paper of this day affords conclusive evi dence that our anticipations of its success are fully realized. Does the writer in the Quarterly Review believe that the public will long tolerate that the gra duates of the University of London shall be prevented from practising their profession, for which they have qualified themselves by a good previous literary and scientific education, by an extended course of medical study, and by submitting them selves to -1 more searching examination than that enforced by any other institution of this country ? We trove not. The period has arrived when the Government cannot much longer resist the almost universal call of the medical profession, to which will soon be added that of the public, to place the medical institutions and profession in this country in the position which the advanced state of medical science dictates and the welfare of the public requires. We are far from considering the University of London as a perfect institution ; bat its faults, which have been rendered sufficiently apparent by its workings, are of a nature to be easily remedied. The senate of the Uni versity, as it is now constituted, is too large for an exe cutive body, and too small to admit of such a body being selected out of it. Let the members of the senate be at once raised from its present number (38) to 80 or 100, and let them choose from among themselves an executive council, composed of a due proportion of members of the different faculties, and it may then be made an efficient institution. The effect of such a change i❑ the constitution of the University, provided the new members were well selected, would be to strengthen the institution, to raise it in the estimation of the public, and extend the sphere of its influence and usefulness. This increase in the number of its members would enable the senate to place its administration, as regards the carrying out its details, in the 'hands of an efficient body, the individual members of which would be kept from lapsing into inactivity by the surveillance of the larger body, and by the consciousness that the work to be done rested with them, and that they were responsibl e for the character of the University during the period of their administration. Such are the more important altera tions in the constitution of the University of London, which we consider absolutely necessary to render it a really efficient institution, capable of carrying out the important objects which we believe it destined to accomplish. At the present moment, therefore, when a new charter, we understand, is about to be granted, we would urgently press the consideration of our suggestions upon the present members of the uni versity, and upon the Government who instituted it, and whose duty it is to watch over its operations, and to do everything in their power to render it efficient. In its present state, we do not hesitate to express our conviction that it cannot maintain the rank among similar institutions which the Metropolitan University ought to hold ; and we confess that it has been matter of surprise to us, that it has effected so much as is this day recorded in our pages. This could only have been done at an expense of time and labour on the part of its members, which men worthy of being intrusted with such important duties could not be expected to continue. (From the Ti mes .) The Journal des Debals, anxious, as it would ap pear, to make the various departments of its political system hang well together, has travelled far for weapons wherewith to bastinado French democracy, and, by im plication, Thiers and his friends. This grave Con- THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY. JANUARY 19, 1841. servative and Guizot Journal has brought its own fire of haughty Royalism to bear upon the ultra-Radical Mes sage of Mr. Van Buren to the Legislature of the United States. It can find nothing in the Message but rabble po litics. That document it calls " a manifesto of the demo cratic party, in support of doctrines which they have been disseminating for many years, and which, unhappily, had enjoyed a complete triumph until the very last election." There is, however, much and pointed truth in the se vere remarks of the Debats upon " two fatal sentiments, of which America does not stand alone in offering an example to the world "—(take that, you gentlemen of the extreme Gauche)--" that of a spirit of indepen dence carried to excess, and that of an intolerant ha tred of all superiority." " Thus," adds the French official newspaper, " does Mr. Van Buren make a last appeal to that gloomy liberty, and that inexorable jea lousy." The whole article of the Journal des Debats would be worth translating for its eloquence, and for the tone of deep and indignant reprehension of the brutalizing spirit of extreme equality which pervades it, and it is to be regretted that want of space deprives our readers of its perusal ; fer we have seldom seen a more forcible or more edifying exposure of the tendency of the thing called " movement," when it once gets ahead and infects the habits of a people, to batter down all intellectual excellence, all eminence, whether of personal worth or social influence, or worldly prosperity or distinction, however nobly acquired and founded, as being of an aristocratic character, to one dead level of distrustful and dreary mediocrity. " Those," says the Journal des Debats, " who would prepare for every man, and for every people, a sort of isolated and repulsive existence, are , grossly ignorant of human na t ure . Th ey t urn their ' backs upon the road which le a d s na ti ons t o equanimity and to greatness, and individual men to peaceable, pros perous, and virtuous life—to a life of freedom also— because freedom consists in the exercise of the spiritual faculties, whilst isolation cannot fail to paralyze and famish the most precious of those faculties. Such men are guides to a life at once base and brief, true coun sellors of misery. This is not the first, although nearly the best, animadversion that has of late appeared upon that repulsive se lf- su ffi c i enc y an d se lf-d epen d ence , .which distinguishes th e d emocra t s o f N or th A merica from almost all other nations of the earth ; but which, in the judgment of the French Editor, seems naturally to asso ciate itself with other attributes of that same spirit of morose equality which he finds to be growing amongst certain portions of his own countrymen, and of which he is wise enough to dread and deprecate the possible ascend ancy. The Journal des Debats, in some of its reflections upon America, is indebted a good deal to Da Tocque ville, but has pioneered its own path in turning them to account as a warning against imitation within the territories of Louis Philippe, where it concludes with an anxious hope, not merely that the public energies may find vent in works of peace, and in useful labours, but further still, that since " material " undertakings alone can neither constitute the happiness of mankind, nor give consistency to public or private morals, nor obtain for any people the respect and confidence of their neighbours, nor establish the national honour, nor na tionality itself, upon a rock, Governments ought to seek and cherish this latter class of elevated objects as the chief end of all their efforts, and the aim of all their political and social institutions. But if public works of the most pacific and profitable nature cannot do this for a civilised people, what moral influence will France be likely to secure over mankind by menac ing her metropolis with cannonades, or surrounding it with a wall an hundred times more impotent against the combined numbers and skill of armed Europe, than even the gigantic circumvallation of China proved itself against the Tartar hordes, which found it no serious obstacle to the conquest of the Celestial Empire ? By the way, what has become of all our fine Chinese vi sions, and ,of the triumphant shouts of the Downing street journals, for the victories achieved in every quarter of the earth ? Where and how have the Eng lish barbarians obtained that magnificent "indemnity for the past and security for the future," that " three millions paid down ' in ready money,' which was the burden of such pawns, and the staple of so many columns of contemptuous ridicule spirted out against the Duke of Wellington and his Conservative supporters by the morning and evening press of the Whigs ? We fear that nothing is settled. Instead of the little war," according to the linkboy Globe's impertinent use of the Duke of Wellington's lan guage—instead, we say, of a " little war's having al ready produced great results," the great opium war against China has produced no results at all—not a shilling of indemnity—not an approach to a treaty —not even a promise to negotiate worth the least reliance. And what have we really and definitively accomplished in the east of Europe ? What is the actual state of affairs between Mehemet Ali and the Sultan ? Where is still the army of Ibrahim Paella ? Hew far has he proceeded on his march towards Egypt ? Has the Turkish fleet arrived at Constantinople, or is it at Alexandria still ? Has the prolongation of the contest there—for in Syria the fighting is not yet over— not yet produced any change of posture, or return to ill humour in the French Government? Admiral Dup.A-re has at this moment in Toulon 18 sail of the line, well i manned, which our ships (as is complained of by 1 scores of British officers in the Mediterranean) are not, nor in a safe condition for conflict with a skilful Euro ropean eraemy. Is our quarrel with the United States made up, or the slightest approximation towards it 2 Ask Mr. Van Boren, who hopes, as every American I President has hoped, and every British Minister, for .so many years ; but not a single point is yet decided, nor a single atom of American tenacity relaxed, nor a single ground of hope established (though many of ap prehension) which did not exist ten years ago. Then, in fact, there is nothing settled anywhere ; east, ei-eat, north, south, there is nothing settled. Yet out of such nothingness a Queen's speech must be vamped up, and everything like an amendment sneered at! Will the speech allude to the state of Ireland, and the re peal agitation too? We guess not. (From the Morning Herald.) We understand that energetic remonstrances have been again made, within the last few days, on the part of the great Powers, against the continued armaments of France, and that the British Cabinet, which hesitated on the subject, has determined to express its sentiments very clearly, in accord with those of its Allies. The French Government feels itself ill at ease under the accumulatiou of these reproaches, particularly at a mo ment when it had hoped to find something tending to renewed friendship in the speech of the Queen of Eng land, on the opening of Parliament. Our informant, who has hitherto kept us so fully advised in diplomatic affairs, suggests the immediate convocation of a Con gress, as the sole mode of terminating the existing dila terencer. In the face of public opinion, France cannot be the first to disarm, and it is clear that those who followed her movements in that respect cannot give way before her. It is only, our informant says, through the medium of a Congress that a general disarmament, under guarantees, can take place. (From the Morning Post.) The Ministerial Globe extols Mr. O'Connell's speech at the Whig-Radical gathering in Dublin, on the ground " that he made ' repeal' the alternative of Stanley's success in carrying his hated measure." This will sur prise nobody. Does any man doubt that the success of Lord Stanley's Bill will be fatal to the Whig-Radical Ministers, or that these unprincipled persons, the mo ment they are turned out, will turn Repealers, Repub licans, or anything else that may seem to afford them a chance of getting in again ? The Globe, moreover, says :—" It is already whispered that Lord Stanley will abandon his Bill, and will endeavour to engraft its more subtle and insidious clauses on the Bill for the improve ment of the registration which is to be introduced by the Government." Where, we should like to know, is this whispered, and by whom ? At the Reform Club, perchance—perchance in Downing -street—and by men who believe, with dread and dismay, that Lord Stan ley's Bill will be ready to send up to the Lords by Easter, whatever Ministers may be in office. ( From the Morning Advertiser.) Ireland, by the meeting held on Friday last, to which we yesterday alluded, and of which we this day publish the proceedings, has afforded the strongest evidence of her determination to resist the onslaught designed against her franchise by Lord Stanley's Anti-Irish Re gistration Bill. In directing attention to these pro ceedings wo mean not to exaggerate the importance which must necessarily attach to them, and therefore, in placing them before our readers, we merely in the lan guage of a Dublin paper, remind them that " the re quisition was signed by forty-five of the nobility of Ire land, by several Lieutenants and sixty Deputy-Lieu tenants of Irish counties, by forty-six Members of Par liament, by 380 Magistrates, 300 Protestant, Catholic, and Presbyterian clergymen, 300 country gentlemen and landed proprietors, and 400 merchants and members of the legal profession. Notwithstanding theextreme seve rity of the weather, the meeting was worthy of the object, and of the rank and influence by which it was convened. The boxes, pit, galleries, and stage of the theatre were crowded to the utmost extent, both tiers of boxes being prin cipally l eardieo representing r s t eh ; see a ne n to d i un the h t e rt yh . s e” t r e a g n e k, beingßeforew wealth, aml t ai c li r i o inn w gt d ea e l nl d i yg e with ,mgaeennndt completely filled by f as hi ona bl y d ressed persons, italeflalueennc, r o e n ad the an p d r o u c n e d ed er i s n t g o o s ,dwbeyar alle a d n e x s i i r o o u u s s t o h f a a t e t q h u e i y r i n s h g o c u o l d r r e b c e t information on the subject. Another meeting is about to be held in the north of lreland,on a requisition, muster ing a display of titles and numbers almost equal to those who called the great meeting to which we refer, but la mentably deficient in rank, influence, andcharacter. Let us give a few names taken passim from the two requisitions. In favour of Lord Stanley's Bill there first appears " Downshire," against it " Charlemont." On the re lative merits of these names alone may an appeal be safely made to the people of I re l an d ; b ut we confess ourselves at a loss to find in the requ i s i t i on calling the aggregate meeting in Dublin, any names worthy to cope with " Waterford, Roden, Londonderry, Beresford," &c., so familiar to the ears of Ireland in association with blackguardism, oppression, and cruelty. We shall not at present pre-occupy the attention of our rea d ers far ther than to direct attention to the proceedings which we this day publish, and which appeal with equal force to our readers, and to the Members of the Parliament about to assemble. FROlid TXE EVENING FANSHII OF YESTEkDAY. (From the Globe.) We agree with the Examiner that it would be what Fouche called " worse than a crime—a blunder" in the present Ministry to leave fiscal and commercial reforms to their successors. It so happens, however, that the most important reforms of this kind—those reforms without which all others are a trifle—some would be an injustice—are certain of obstinate opposition from banded and strongly organised interests. To meet those interests, we have called for a strong pressure of opinion from without. The Examiner seems to think this in some manner or degree inconsistent with our dislike and distrust of Radical organic changes. We cannot see this. If it were proved that any specific dose of change would give us all the pure rea son of the country, purged of the impure interests, we should be zealous promoters of this change. But this is not proved. We think there is more evidence for believing the contrary. We do not therefore feel our selves inconsistent in opposing one species of change, while we call upon the aid of public opinion to carry another. It is possible certainly that radical changes might save us the trouble of calling in that aid against the present strong and organised interests. That is possible, though by no means certain, as has been ably shown by the Leeds Mercury. But the question is, whether such changes, if they succeeded in the only sense in which success is possible in such a career (in breaking down existing powers, namely), might not probably substitute other interests and influences not more pure, not less selfish, and more ignorant. All these questions will, of course, be answered accord ing to preconceived opinions ; and we have no more pretension to dictate ours, than disposition to ac cept others. But we contend that, unless it be stated as the duty o. Government to start projects of organic change, it cannot justly be imputed to Government as a fault that they cannot, in the present state of parties, propose, with prospect of success, practical measures which thwart powerful interests, unless they are strongly backed by opinion. We do not profess to announce the intentions of Government as to this or that mea sure—as to this or that change in our anti-commer cial tariff. But we will predict, without claiming any extraordinary gift of prescience, that they would not succeed, in the present state of parties, in any compre hensive measure (and really we regard any other as trifling with our present situation), unless the voice of opinion is heard loudly and decidedly in its favour. (From the Standard.) All the Ministerial journals, except the Globe, have given up the attempt to defend the infamous Frost-job ; but that journal having been thrust into the front to carry the Ministerial falsehood, perseveres in supporting it, notwithstanding every rebuff, notwithstanding oven its own repeated promises to relinquish the subject. On Saturday our Contemporary returned to its task in an article which demands a few remarks from us : " No Journal knows better than the Standard when to affect calmness and courtesy. It shall bring charges the most enormous in language the most unmeasured—it shall denounce infamy on a whole Ministry for acts unproved, untrue, and impossible—and then, when such conduct is animadverted on in the terms it deserves, the Standard talks of gross deviation from truth,' and ' indecent and violent injury.' Certainly there have been both in this case; and we think we have shown upon which side. But the Standard's concluding challenge must not escape a word of condign notice. " The Standard requires us to produce our authority for our contradiction of its first statement. We thought that, when a statement affecting any department of admi nistration was answered from authority,' it was sufficiently understood, that authority' was the authority of the de partment answered h r e e s p s o nt Stan bdlaer. N d's e V h e a e h n a g v e e by already, antieip a t i t o h n e . r e for v e e , have challenged those (if any) who believe its statements to find a mouthpiece for their belief in Parliament, and we have ventured to assure them that Government would not shrink from any questions that might be asked." Now we really do not know to which department of the Government application is to be made for an expla nation of Frost's pardon and promotion. Asa convict we believe he is under the care of Lord Normanby—as the inhabitant of a colony he belongs to Lord John Russell. Between the two Lords, however, there is little choice—the one " said the thing that was not," in the matter of Alderman Montgomery's evidence : the other made a speech at Totnes, certain important state ments of which the Bishop of Exeter compelled him to retract after the speech had whitened the town of Tot nes with placards for several days, not to say weeks. However, we should like, from mere curiosity, if from no other motive, to know which of the Noble Lords it was who authorised the Globe to contradict us by a downright untruth ? (From the Courier.) At the meeting which Mr. Booth, on the part of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Company, has con vei,ed, of the managers of the greater part of the other railway companies, it is to be hoped the most enlightened and liberal policy, as regards the public safety and convenience, will be the prevailing feeling. We have already made some comments on Mr. Booth's first cir cular, and to which we would refer the gentlemen of the conference. Signals are absolutely essential to the safety of the trains travelling at such velocity where there can be no deviation in the track ; and whatever code shall be considered best ought to be adopted by every railway company. The difficulty of settling what are the best signals will in all probability be great, as each person will naturally fancy such as he has him self proposed the most efficient ; and as there is an aris tocracy in railways, as in all other concerns (which is shown in the circular not being general), we are almost afraid that instead of the companies legislating among themselves, for themselves, they will farce on the Go vernment a task they have shown such an unwillingness for. If every gentleman present at the conference would take as his text the preamble of the several Acts of incorporation, and bear strongly in his mind that the powers of such Acts were given in anticipation of great public benefits to be returned, and not for exclusive pri vate advantages, such singleness of purpose would make the meeting a most useful one, and the private interests of the Companies would profit in the increased confidence of all classes and descriptions of persons. There can be no sort of objection to a convention for such ends in so large and intermixed an interest as railways are ; and indeed all the rules and regulations of the different Companies, in which the passengers are concerned, should be common to each, even to the mode of start ing the trains ; and every facility should be given to such lines as unite or branch from each other, without favour or affection. Indeed the passengers should never be allowed to know there is such a thing on the great highways of the kingdom as partiality or rivalry. We repeat our opinion, that three men on an engine are not too many, and our dissent to looking to a stoker as a substitute in case of accidents, or as an assistant to the driver in charge ; at the same time we also repeat our full agreement with Mr. Booth, that no person should be placed on the engine or tender, superior to the driver, or who is not connected with the engine itself. With the passenger trains there should certainly always be some head, in charge of the whole train, to whom the passengers could always look with assurance of atten tion, and who should make his regular reports at the different stations, where a journal should be kept of the progress or delay of every train, its time of arrival, sincerely hope that every departure, &c. &c. &c. We Company will agree not to take each other's servants when discharged for gross negligence or incapacity, and this would tend more to force attention and good order than any other means ; and that this should be most effective, we would have been pleased that every Com pany for which an Act has been obtained had been in vited to send a representative to the conference. DAMP WALLS.— Several months ago a corres ; spondent applied to us to know if we could advise him how ' to remedy the nuisance of damp walls. We were not at the time aware of any recipe for the purpose ; but we hap, pened to meet with a paragraph the other day in a re• spectable work, which we shall here transcribe, in order to afford our correspondent the opportunity to put it to the teat :—" A hall, of which the walls were constantly damp, though every means were employed to keep them dry, was about to be pulled down, when M. Scemithall re commended, as a last resource, that the walls should be washed with sulphuric acid (vitriol). It was done, and the deliquiescent salts being decomposed by the acid, the walls dried, and the hall was afterwards free from damp. ness."—Recreations in Science. THE PENNY POSTAGE.—The Tory papers complain that this liberal measure was uncalled for. They forget that the bill passed the House of Commons by a majority of 100, and that Members of all parties voted for it. When the duties were taken off gin, beer, and leather, no one seemed to care how the deficiency was to be made up ! Now, we assert that no tax that has been repealed has conferred such general benefit as the penny postage ; in fact, the public have the full benefit of the reduction, which was not the case when the duties were taken off the above named articles. One of the witnesses who gave evidence to the committee of merchants in Lon don, stated that it ought to be called " An Act to faci litate trade, and emancipate Members of Parliament from the trouble of franking letters for others." Some assert that the rich merchants are alone benefited by the reduction, but this is a fallacy, the advantage being very great to the small shopkeeper, who has been accus tomed to remit his 61., 10/., and 15/. ; and men em• ployed apart from their families, at iron works, rail ways, &c., and w h o can now send their weekly remit tances of 10s. or 205., also find it a great convenience. Such persons can now remit a half sovereign far 4d., whereas the charge used to be from Is. 6d. to 2s. ! The enemies of cheap postage try hard to persuade the public to believe that the taxes put on last year were to make up the loss of the postage revenue : this is a sad error, as the deficiency in the Post-office is but one quarter the amount of the new taxes and increased duties. Not only have we cheap postage, but a vast improvement in the con veyance and delivery of letters. Many new mails have been put on the different roads; day mails have been established in several places, and we shall no doubt have one from London to this city on the completion of the Great Western Railway. Until January last the market town of Tredegar, with its 10,000 inhabitants, was with out a post-office, as was Nantyglo and many other very populous places ; so that not only is the price of postage reduced, but letters are delivered, in very many instances, in less than half the time they were two years ago. In this city alone we have the advantage of four new mail s , which have recently been put on.-13ristol Mercury. THE TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND BUENOS AYRES. The Monte Video journals gives the following text of the Treaty concluded between France and the Go vernment of Buenos Ayres. " His Majesty the King of the French and his Ex cellency the Governor and Captain-General of the pro vince of Buenos Ayres, charged with the department of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Confederation, with the intent of settling and terminating the differences which have unfortunately arisen between France and the said Government, have for this purpose named Plenipotentiaries, viz., the King of the French, M. Angel Rene Armand de Mackau, Grand Officer, &c. &c. ; and his Excellency the Governor and Cap tain-General the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the said Government, Dr. D. Felipe Arena, who, atter having reciprocally communicated their respective full powers, which were found to be in due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles : " 1. The government of Buenos Ayres acknowledges that indemnities are due to the French who have ex perienced losses, or suffered damages in the Argentine Republic, and the amount of these indemnities, which alone remain to be settled, shall be ascertained by six arbitrators, to be named in common accord, three by each of the Plenipotentiaries. In case of disagree ment, the regulation of the said indemnities shall be re ferred to the arbitrement ola third power to be named by the French Government. " 2. The blockade of the Argentine ports shall be raised, and the island of Martin Garcia shall be eva cuated by the French forces within eight days after the ratification of the present Convention by Buenos Ayres. The materiel of the armament of the said island shall be re-established in the state it was on the 10th October, 1838. The two Argentine ships of war captured during the blockade, or two others of the same force and value, shall, within the same time, together with their materiel of armament, be placed at the dis posal of the Argentine Government. "3. If, within the delay of a month from the said ratification such Argentines as have been proscribed from their country at different epochs since the month of December, 1838, abandon al lor part of them, the hostile attitude in which thay are now found against , the Governor of Buenos Ay:es charged with the foreign relations of the Argentine Confederation, the said Governor, accepting from this day, and in this case, the friendly intervention of France relative to these individuals, offers to grant permission to return within this territory to all those whose presence shall not be incompatible with the safety of the repub lic ; and the persons to whom such permission shall be granted, shall not be prosecuted or molested for their anterior conduct. As to such Argentines as are at this time in arms within the territory of the Argentine Confederation, this present article shall be applicable only to those who shall lay down their arms within eight days from the official communication of this present convention, which communication shall be made to the chiefs through the mediation of French and Ar gentine agents to be charged with this mission. Gene rals and chiefs are not comprised in this present article, except those who by ulterior acts shall render them selves worthy of the clemency and indulgence of the Government of Buenos Ayres. " 4. It is understood that the Government of Bue nos Ayres shall continue to consider the republic of Ori ental Uruguay in a state of independence, in like manner as was stipulated in the Convention of peace concluded on the .27th August, 18.28, with the Empire of Brazil, without in any wise prejudicing its natural rights, so far as is consistent with the justice, honour, and security of the Argentine Confederation. " .5. Although the rights and advantages at present enjoyed by foreigners within the territory of the Ar gentine Confederation, so far as regards their persons and property, are common to all citizens, and subjects of friendly, and neutral nations, the Government of the King of the French, and that of the province of Buenos Ayres, charged with the external relations of the Argentine Confederation, declare that until there shall be concluded a Treaty of Commerce and navigation between France and the Argentine Confede ration, French citizens within the Argentine territory, and Argentine citizens within the French territory, shall he considered and treated, in all that concerns their persons and property, in the same manner, as now are or may be treated the subjects and citizens of the most favoured nations. "G. Notwithstanding what has been stipulated in the preceding article, if the Government of the Argentine Confederation should grant to the citizens or natives of all, or any part of the United States of South America, special, civil, or political rights more extensive than those now enjoyed by the subjects of all and each of the most !avoured nations, these rights shall not be taken to ex tend to French citizens established within the territory of the Republic, nor be claimed by them. " 7. This present Convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications exchanged at Paris, within the delay of eight months, or sooner if possible, through the me dium of a Minister Plenipotentiary from the Govern ment of the Republic, who shall be accredited for that purpose to the Government of his Majesty the King of the French." HORRIBLE DISCOVILRY.—A young man, of i the commune of Renil, waB out shooting a few days ago, ! when his attention was attracted by a large flock of ravens, who were all standing together near the side of a brook, and apparently disputing the possession of the ground. On his advancing to wards the spot the ravens took flight ; but, curious to see what bad attracted them, he proceeded to an examination of the ground. Seing a little hillock covered with snow, he kicked against in order to ascertain what it was, when to his surprise be discovered that he had, by the stroke of his foot, exposed to view the head of a man, He was so alarmed at this discovery that he instantly ran home, and told what he had seen. Some friends re. turned with him to the place, but what was their horror, on removing the body from the position in which it had first lain shrouded in snow, to see a quantity of rats and mice make a precipitate retreat from the inside of the dead man I They seemed to have forsaken the brook and made a nest in the body,which they had entered by eating a hole in the throat. M. Bouchard hastened to the spot as sown as informed of the circumstance, but could not dis cover anything to indicate the name of the deceased, whose death he knew not whether to ascribe to the hand of the murderer or the inclemency of the weather. The deceased was well dressed, and is supposed to have been the mate of a ship. The body, which was at first hard and frozen, was in a shocking state when the " autopsy" took place, from a thaw having in the mean time taken place.—Gazette des Tribunaux. THE USHER.—The career of this humble and unhappy son of learning is thus mast feelingly drawn by Crolly :—" En his turn, our hero himself becomes less amiable : he is fretted and wearied for ever. Day by day, and all day long, the same dull din goes on—the same endless, hopeless toil ; no prospect of good, no respite, no sympathy, no reward,— Pain, pain, ever, for ever 1' _ I Then he is without a friend. For the usher stands always apart—the master is above him, the scholars beneath. He is alone tossed and swung about in the dark and turbid region of his thoughts,—the light o f hope, that once threw a trivial ray upon him, being now diminished to the smallest point. Once, he had a poor refuge in his father's house ; he was at least endured there f it was there he passed his brief holidays. But his father is now dead, and his house is ' the home of a stranger. During the tedious school-hours he is at the oar; a slave chained to his galley. In the in tervals, he cowers over the winter fire, or watches games which he can partake no longer; or he is sent out, at the end of a long file of boys, to keep anxious watch over all, and to check every turn and threat of mischief. His position is such that be is certain to attract dislike, and can never hope to excite affection. Should you enter the school play-ground en some sunny day, you will perhaps see a man with a small book in his hand, pacing up and down, under the southern wall. He is young, but his face is thin and colourless; his cheek hollow, his lips compressed, big eye hard and watch ful. Hu stops occasionally, and casts a fierce inquisitive look around ; or he calls out in a harsh voice, or quells a dispute about marbles, or stops the progress of an incipient fight. If you wait, you will perhaps see him followed by a boy on tip-toe, making faces behind his back, " squaring" as though he would hit him in the spine. If the urchin be more than usually lively, be chalks softly the poor man's back ; or puts dust in his pocket; or thrusts a pen under his collar, having a string and tassel annexed , producing a tail indeed of some pretensions, to the inexpressible delight of :Al beholders. On the walls there is the same man's likene;;', sgrawled in chalk or charcoal, exaggerated and ridiculous, bui still with suffi cient resemblance to enforce your laughter. Do y' ti ask Rho is at once this tyrant and victim? Alas! it is still— the Usher l" Is it not strange that in these matters we should have to use the melancholy words in which Dryden addressed the public of his day. "It will continue to be the ingratitude of mankind, that they who teach wisdom by the surest means, shall generally live poor and unre garded s as if they were born only for the public, and had no interest in their own well-being ; but were to be lighted up like tapers, and wasteth themselves for the benefit of others," O'CONNELL IN CORK. —At no period of his political career did Mr. O'Connell exhibit to more effect the extraordinary endowments with which he is gifted, than on Monday last in this city at the meeting. His va ried powers were eminently displayed ; his playful humour —his ready wit—his electric rapidity in seizing the tone of those around him—his powerful castigation of Ireland's worst enemy, Stanley —his vivid description of her wrongs, and his mode of redress—all spread over the vast mass an enthusiasm seldom before even witnessed in this country. At the dinner, too, he most unquestionably surpassed him. self, for never was he more powerful, more happy, more effective ; never, even in the buoyant days of his youth, when he was wrestling for religious freedom, did his soul rise into higher enthusiasm. His speech on that occasion was almost the eloquence of inspiration—it was an effort even beyond himself, and the effect produced far exceeded any thing we ever before witnessed. --Southern Reporter. _ _ _ • FLOODS AT GREENWICH, LEWISHAM, &C. —The effect of the rapid thaw, accompanied with a vio lent gale of wind, on Saturday night, has been productive of serious losses to numerous persons, particularly to market-gardeners. in the vicinities of Greenwich, Dept ford, Lee, and Lewisham. There is not a vestige of snow visible on Shooter's-hill, Blackheath, nor on Any high laud in this neighnourhk.od, but the valleys have presented nearly on© uniform sheet of water during yesterday. CROYDON PETTY SESSIONS. A person named John Ilarefield, who is respectably connected, and who for some time has been carrying on the business of a smith and ironmonger in the town of Croydon, was brought before the presiding Magistrates, Messrs. Elyard and Sutherland, upon a charge of stealing a large quantity of steel, a number of files and other tools, and a pair of pistols, the property of Mr. James Leman, ironmonger, of Croydon, High-street. The inquiry, from the circumstances connected with it, and from the fact of the accused having all his life resided at Croydon, and hitherto with an unblemished character, created a good deal of interest. James Linton, a sergeant of the P Division of Police, deposed that, from information he received, he obtained a search warrant on Saturday morning, and, accompanied by the son of the prosecutor, he went to the house of a man named Savage, in the Middle-row, Croydon ; and, upon making a search, he discovered a great number of bars of steel, a screw-plate, and other articles, which Mr. Leman identified as his property. He afterwards went to the priso ner's premises, which adjoin those of Mr. Leman, and he there found a quantity of files, thirteen new stove cheeks, and some other things, which Mr. Leman also identified. Upon a further examination he discovered that the back of the prosecutor's warehouse was only separated from the prisoner's by a wooden partition, and he discovered a trap door which offered an easy communication to the ware house, and through which the property might easily have been taken. Joseph Savage proved that the prisoner brought the steel that was found by the police at his house, to him some time ago, and asked him to take care of it, as he expected a dis tress would be put into his house by the landlord, and he consented to do so. There was originally, a great deal more property of the same description, but the prisoner had removed it, and that produced by' the officers was all that remained. _ _ John Colepepper, another sergeant of police, proved that he took the prisoner into custody, and upon searching him he found among other articles a duplicate for a pair of pis tols pledged in the prisoner's name, at the shop of Mr. Messenger, a pawnbroker, at Croydon, and which pistols he produced. Mr. \V. B. Leman deposed that he assisted his father in carrying on the business of an ironmonger. The pri soner had formerly been in their employ, but he left in the month of March last. Both before and since that Zinie, they bad repeatedly missed property, and, in consequei:ce of some information he received, he was induced to apply for a search wnrrant, and he accompanied the officers to Savage's house, where the property was discovered. He had no doubt that the whole of the steel, and other things found there, had formed part of his father's stock ; but from the large quantity they had, he could only swear po sitively to two of the pieces of steel which bore their pri vate mark, and which had never been sold. The pistols produced lie remembered giving to the prisoner to repair a short time before he left their service; and when ho subse quently asked him what had become of them, he said he knew nothing about them. In answer to questions from the Bench it was stated that after the prisoner lett Mr. Leman's employ, he set up in business as an ironmonger on his own account. The prisoner was then asked what he had to say in an swer to the charge ?-11e replied that he bought all the things of a man for 11. 123. The CHAIRMAN asked if he had brought forward the man he bought them of, and he replied that he had not. The BENctt said that the charge appeared to be clearly made out and it was their duty to commit him to take his trial, and if there was any truth in his statement as to his buying the articles, it would be very important for him to produce that person at his trial. The prisoner was then fully committed. THE WEATHER IN FRANCE. (From a Correspondent of the Morning Post.) PARIS, THURSDAY.-The usually monotonous character of a journey from Calais to Paris is much re lieved at this period of the year by the various accidents of flood and field incidental to the severity of the sea son. After twenty-eight hours' sea and river passage a long and dreary land expedition remains. It was a cold, cheerless morning last Tuesday, at nine o'clock, that I got:into the diligence of Laffitte, Gaillard:and Co., and it was nearly half•past one before we arrived at Boulogne. Leaving the latter town at two P.M., it was past seven before the diligence reached Montreuil. Up to Abbeville the road improved, so that at one in the morning of Wednesday good progress was made. Between Abbeville and Beauvais the roads were in a dreadful state, being complete glaciers from the partial thaw and renewed frost. We left Beauvais at ono o'clock on Wednesday after noon, and the roads were improving, so as to raise hopes of a speedier arrival in Paris ; but rattling down the hill between Prusaix and Chambly, the dili gence came down with a tremendous crash, the hind wheel coming off, and shivered into a thousand pieces. This episode caused some shaking and a five-hour de tention at a miserable inn on th roadside whilst the machine was raised and repaired. It was eleven o'clock at night before we left Chambly, and then had the en livening sight of a perfect inundation of the village, owing to the melting of the snows from the hills. The scene at midnight, with the current rushing three feet deep through the main street, was very striking. All the in habitants were at the upper windows, with lighted torches and lanterns to show the track. From Beaumont to Paris the journey was rapid, but it was four o'clock on Thursday morning before we arrived in the capital, having been forty-three hours from Calais to Paris. The little incidental miseries of having to awaken persons at that hour, of extortionate coachmen and porters, are a matter of course on such occasions. Let it be recorded on behalf of the humble aubcrgislc of Chambly that our bivouac, for the winds of heaven penetrated into the lodging for " man and beast," was relieved as much as possible by his civility ; and a meal of bread, herrings, wine, and cognac, formed the grand dinner and supper of about sixteen benighted and capsized passen gers. The malle poste has had terrible work to get in at all from the state of the roads. As for my twenty eight hours' steaming at sea, I was truly grateful when I heard at Boulogne that Saturday's steamer from Lon don was fifty-three hours on its way to the French port. As for Paris the thaw is complete. Pelting showers all this day, and the London mail got in at a reasonable hour. MORALITY OF AGRICULTURAL DISTRICTS. —The Report read at the Hants Quarter Sessions con tains the following significant statement :—" From the earliest records of county expenditure, kept in the Clerk of the Peace's office, and from which the Report was drawn up, it appeared that in the year 1792, the amount of sums paid to prosecutors anti witnesses was 1,0081., and in 1840 it amounted to 4,035/. ; and as the increase of popu lation dur.ng that period did not tally with this enormous increase, it must have arisen from some other reason. One of those reasons was the great increase of crime, in proper. lion to the increase of population." The Chairman of the Berks Sessions " was sorry to perceive so large a calen dar;" and the Chairman of the Hereford Sessions " re. gretted to say that the number of prisoners was nearly as large as he had ever remembered since he had had the honour of presiding at these sessions, and some of the offences were of a heavy nature." But perhaps the most convincing proof of the state of crime in the country districts is furnished in the case of this very county of Wilts. From the report of the Chief Constable it appears that since January, 1840, the number of offences which have come under the cogni zance of the rural police, exclusive altogether of those under the charge of the police of the various towns, stands thus : "In the April quarter there were 269 ehaiges ; in June, 368; in October, 501 ; and in January, 300, making a total of 1438." In his charge to the Grand Jury the Chairman of our Sessions, the Tory Member for Bath, said, " The result of the present calendar tended to con firm the opinion he had long since entertained, that by far the larger portion of crime in this county was committed in the rural aad agricultural districts ; of the 84 felonies, 60 at least had been committed in those districts, and but 24 in the towns.— Wiltshire Independent. DARING BURGLARY AND ROBBERY IN EAST SUSSEX.—On Tuesday morning, between one and two • o'clock, the house of Mr. Samuel Holland, Bexhill, was broken into by a body of six armed men, and plundered of between one and two hundred pounds in gold, Hastings bank-notes, and cheques. The burglars were apparently provided with all manner of housebreaking instruments. They effected their entrance at one of the sitting room windows, by first taking out a pane of glass, raising the sashes, and then bursting the shutters. The first alarm was by Mr. Holland being awakened by a person standing at the foot of his bed with a light in one band and a carving knife in the other, who desired him to get out of bed. At the same time the side curtains were withdrawn and disclosed three other men, who declared they did not wish to hurt him if he imme diately gave up his purse, the key of his bureau, and his pocket-book. Resistance was vain, and the demand was acceded to. Meanwhile a visitor, on hearing the distur bance, approached to the room, at the door of which he was stopped by the -muzzle of a gun being present ed at him. He seized hold of the gun, but was Leocked down by one of the party. One of the --ye up her purse to one of the robbers, and herself ladies g.. c . ompah. : qns we o e or k b ep ei t n pr g b i a so rr n e e d rs a i g n ai t n h s e t ir bi r m o , om wa s s . and her The man servan ,_ t, by a unable to get to the assistanc: °1 th e family, but this cir cumstance is, perhaps, not to be reg,: tted, as the for m id a . ble villains would have been too much for he inmates, and a serious or fatal assault might have taken pta.e The transaction occupied only a few minutes. The villain; es caped, and, though an active search was instantly com menced, they have hitherto eluded detection. —Norwich Gazette. NEW PENNY PIECES. Specimens of new coins have just been issued from the Mint, consisting of penny-pieces. They are materially different from those now in use, as there is no lettering upon them with the exception of the date. On one side is a medallion like ness of her present Majesty, and occupies nearly the whole of one of the sides of the pieces. On the obverse is a figure of Britannia, similar to those on the fourpenny pieces, under which is placed the date. The outside of the rim is perfectly smooth, but it is raised in such a man ner as to afford ample protection to the figures on the body when in use COLLIERS' TURN•OUT.—The colliers in Bol ton and the neighbourhood turned out on Saturday evening last, for an advance of wages, amounting to a little more tha❑ five per cent. The consequence was, that ono cot ton-mill in Bolton was stopped for want of coals on Wed nesday last; but the matter has since been arranged, and the colliers have nearly all returned to their work.— Manchester Guardian. The poor freemen and electors of Boston have received seasonable prevents of beef arri bread from their worthy representative, Alderman Sir James Duke, to the amount of 701, and upwards... Stamford Mercury. RV ENING EDITI ()V UNIVERSITY INTELLIGI OXFORD, JAN. 16.—The Rev. Charles A. 'l rhurlow, Balliol College, has been appointed by the Lor d .Biobop Chester Rural Dean in the county and diocese o IrCbes l.4l6 John Mercer and Charles Markham, Esqr f., P:tr °ll4 have presented the Rev. William Butlin, of Li jocoln Col' lege, to the vicarage of St. Sepulchre, Northai epton. The Hon. Mrs. North, of Glenham Hall, hh s pre , en til the Rev. Robert M. White, Fellow of Magdal en Colleice , to the rectory of Little Glenham, with the peep etut curse! of Great Glenham annexed, in the county of 'Suff . olk., The President and Fellows of Magda len (Coll.ege us% presented the Rev. William Thomas P. 61 their Society, to the rectory of Fittleton, Wiltsb ire. The Lord Bishop of London has lice nsecl the Re v ' Thomas Dry, of Merton College, to be the . mini ster of tos church of St. Peter, in the pariah of ithanistolf; Essex, on the nomination of the Rev. W. Wi lso a, vicar al Walthamstow. SPORTING INTELLIGI NGE• TATTERSALL'S—YESTERDAI THE DERBY. Palmon was backed fully at 16 to 1, and hi s r ight tfi, the Premiership, established by an interva' i of full tlarg: points between him and the Rosalie colt, 1 8, and 19 tot several times, and in one instance 20 to 1., having tt l f il laid against the latter ; this movement will no t surpl those who have watched the bettii.‘g of late. Eringo an t Coronation may be quoted at 20 to 1, Marshal Soulti 22 to 1, and Sir Hans at 28 to 1, the prices, however, being purely nominal, not a bet, to the be at of our knowledge' having been made about either. Tw entry-five to one AV laid three or four times against the K 'tight of the Whis tle; and the same against Cameleon and 1 talph, with offers i f go on from the layers against the first .t.wo. The Duk e() ) Wellington, the Nob, and the Dariolett'A colt, were WV' at an improvement on Thursday last ; ;a nd some bets sre r : laid against outsiders, without leading to any alterSt t worth notice. The following were the c losing prices 13 to 3 agst Scott's lot 2S to 1 agst Sir G. Heathcote's lot— A e . and aft. n--" 4. 1000 to 10 agst Lord Stradbroke's lot- -ditto 16 to 1 agst Palaamon—taken freely 19 to 1 agst Rosalie colt—taken 20 to 1 agst Eringo 20 to 1 agst Coronation 22 to 1 agst Marshal Soult 25 to 1 agst Camelion—taken 25 to 1 agst Ralph—taken 25 to 1 agst Knight of the Whistle 28 to 1 agst Sir Hans • 30 to I agst Prince Caradoc—taken 35 to 1 agst Duke of Wellington—takes 40 to 1 agst The Nob—taken 45 to 1 agst Darieletta colt 50 to 1 agst Morning Star 1000 to 15 agst Must:apha—taken and afters yards 1000 to 15 agst Mustap.ha Muley—taken 1000 to 10 agst Lady Strut—taken 1000 to 10 agst Macheath 100 to 1 agst Nebros 1200 to 1000 on John Day's lot agst the Rot ia l; ..e c olt taken 1000 to 10 agst Ralph and Palaamon—take It 4000 to 200 agst Ralph and Knightsbridge.. -4taken tbp The Epsom Coursing takes place on Friday v est; entries must be made, as usual, at the Spread . Eagle' THE MA RKETS. D. A The highest urii e fPRICE O k F BR he Nl E ttfoolis is 934 d, r the y G.,,,c1 Bread may be had at 7%ii. PRICES OF SEEDS. Per Cwt. 1 Per Quarter ~g; New Englsh Res Clover...sos 84s St. Fein OA Old Ditto Ditto —s —s —s Rye Grass —4 •-• 4 0 New Foreign Ditto —s 55s 7 s Pacey Grass —3 b o, Oil Ditto Di; to —s —s —s Linseed, for feeding ~.--s. t o. 7, irew White Clover 45s 50s 60s Dit t o, fir sowing —s off I , Old Dittu Ditto ... ...... —s —s —s Ditto, for crushing -5 • ; 61,,,,, ew Trefoil —s 28s 4es Hem, —s' l 5, f• - Old I,itto —s 20s 30s Canary —s 1 lt 'l'r folium ... ............ ...--s 4Ss 70s' Per Bushel. 1 0 4 E,glish Carraway ......—s .50s 51s White Mustard .... ilsOd to i ii,, Foreign Ditto .—s 46s 50s Brown Ditto 14s Od to. i i e Coriander —s 14s 18s'Tares .7s 6tl to' PRICE OF OIL. Rape Oil, brown, per ton £44 0 Dino, refined Linseed Oil 2B 0 Lins.rd Oil Cake at the Mill (per 1000) ........ ...,,, l4 0 Rape t ake, per ton 7 0 PRICE OF TALLOW, SOAP, &c. per 1121 b. ig Town Tallow £2 13 6 Melting Stuff X I I 4 Yellow Russia White .. 0 0 Graves 0 Soap Ditto 0 0 • Good Dregs PRICE OF RAW FAT, per stone of Sibs. etl. Price of Tallow (as stated by the Tallow Melters) 3,6 COAL MARKET. Ships arrived since last market-day, 18. s. d. Adair's Garesfield litolywell Main 2O 6 Ord's Redhugh Tanfield Moor. 22 6 Tanfied Moor Butes l9 0 Walls End Hilda ....... Walls End Killtngworth Walls End Riddell's 23 0 W..E. BraddylPsHetton... Walls End Hetton ..... ........ Walls End Lambton ..... Walls End Pemberton ...... Walls End Hartlepool ..•••" 50 Hartley ............. N •• 1 3 j 3 Howard's Netherton . 1$13 0 " j 3 Wersbro Park ........... , d/ CHURCH-RATES.—PUBLIC MEETIN,' 00 LEICESTER.—A great public meeting, called bi Fri , Leicester Voluntary Church Society, will be bola e h ,. il day next. John Biggs, Esq., Mayor of the b0r0ug,54,, to preside. Our respected members, John E a stisop,e, pr e and Wynn Ellis, Esq., with Daniel O'Connell, Esq.si.ei; to be present, and the objects of the mee tin g arc e t c () ,b ' V .S , the abolition of Church rates, the suppress ion of e'i astical courts, and th e lib era ti on o f Mr. Baines. S 3 01 c meeting, called at such a juncture, for such purpoB97ood sustained by such men, will, we are persuaded, c °lll , l and the attention and awaken the enthusia am of the tc) : a e t ° county, and be felt through ou t th e l a a d. We "; for thank the High Church party in St. Vdartin's 138,, tu r;',;dlist this treat, and to them will b e l ong th e h anour of "'"", pet. a fire in England that prelacy will never be able out.—Leicestershire Mercury, Vela St theh INFANTICIDE.—An inquest was ••-- d gs4l Ringers Inn, Hingham, before Edward Press' 00, one of the Coroners for the county, on Fri& Y' th o e o edt , January, and by adjournment on the follow,'"g '-- ell" ! on the body of a female child, found dead uns ler Peeoriso I circumstances in the parish of Hackford. A p's t , l i g h oir ! examination was made by Messrs. Cooper and SO° „Vet 1 geons, who were of opinion that the child was bor e d ill: but died from neglect. The Jury, after a lengtbtliare vestigation, found a verdict of Wilful Murder agai,°t sgi ear Ann Harvey, the mother ; and the Coroner issue d ii a , a: rant for her apprehension, and placed it in the IL, Mr. Andrews, the superintendent of police.---- 2/12 Gazette. • ir A Correspondent says he hears that it ij i .o,f tended to propose as a Standing Order of the 0°11 „ - ;;°', .' Commons, upon its assembling, " That the promo s ,6 1 ' ! every railway, or similar private Bill, shall publi s "„ r° of all persons who have applied for shares, and after so d refused to take them when allotted, setting forth their t) p - , il° and addresses." This measure will, he is of opiol Fsf' more to prevent fraud, than any which the wisdonl °,,,, sO' liament has yez devised. It is well known that 0 1 7'00 1 a large number of persons not only in London, bot ll . l o . i S , of the large towns in the country, who apply for tig almost every new company, and sign an ureclertallo of take the shares that may be allotted to them, .and 'Oil the deposit, without the remotest intention of J g o se v their agreement in the slightest respect. The P r° ,lilie`' Standing Order would enable new companies to i 3 e„, ° ;,es , , guard against these modern levanters.—Railway" -L . ' i del 7 COUNTY VOTERS.—We remind our r e e ril' who are about purchasing copy - hold or freehold 1 9 1 0 4 0 r . that if the purchaser is in the actual p ossess ion th ere 50t? in the receipt of the rents and profits thereof, from 112 / e s a rli e of January, he may claim to vote for a Member of ye': ' ment for the county in which the property is sittlat e. lo l ' t vided it be of the required value o f 40s. freehold , °,,i, , copy hold. Vide Reform Act, 2W. 4, co o. 45, see. 1 ' a l l „ Authors, it appears, lik e common . men, a rc i - , . more or less mercenary, and have as keen an eYe Asg e/ sent profit as other people: they adopt the old 1 , 1 "„ - ref° . "a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush," All" I oo s ' t , a draft, payable to " bearer," upon Coutts, or " ca ° o ol/. Loyd, and Co., to an order for ten times its 11- o stli . upon the well-known firm of Time, Futurity, and e c tt e's The new Census will be taken on the fr b tP; July next. Provision is made for taking the 0 0r13 11:t d °' persons who shall sleep in every house on the 11 '100? Wednesday the 30th of June. This will happeu yief t l b : the Sessions in every county town in England, ° l rby s' population of such towns will be much increase u influx of strangers. • di STEEL FIRE-IRONS, with Bronzed letol; 15s. per Set, Bronzed Fenders, 9s. A variety l o th e toms and prices, from the above to 30s. at which P r es tr ° fenders are particularly handsome, with splendid sere l i„ e hi , OW,: richly intermixed with steel, the ends are steel, an d " _o p. porters for the fire-irons bronzed. Polished steel r e p i from 4s. per set. tP le Catalogues gratis, containin g the p r i ces of every s r Furnishing Ironmongery. oot' RIPPON and BURTON, W e ll s - s t ree t, Oxil Ase - . - Established 1820. ITH S. On the 15th inst., in S t. J a ms's-square, the Ladf stllllef ' of a son. ; , b P 4 ' On the 14th inst., at Cheshunt, the lady of H. Se l— ' ~,s , G• ef a son. 1 49' On the 15th inst., in Russell-square, the wife of ---• M.D., of a daughter. si ssil l g t°ll On the 16th inst., in Albion-road-terrace, Stoke --e , 11 14 r Mrs. W. F. Sadler, of a daughter. , Fell On the 16th inst., at Blackheath, the lady ef J• ~, bit' Esq., of Hallgreen, Kincardine, North Britain, of a Win, si On the 16th inst., in Sloane-street, the lady of '''' e t' taker, Esq., of a son. Ce le On the lith inst. , Mrs. Beaman, King - st reet, garden, of a son. MARRIED. .p i rw )1 _4 1 1: On the 11th inst., at Brighton, Mr. T. Moores, - -, s- r street, to Isabella, the second daughter of the late of chinson, Esq., Earby Hall, Yorkshire. On the 15th inst., at Tonbridge, G. C. Courthe'Pec'o3,64P'' Whilig,h, Sussex, to Anna, eldest daughter of J . Del „.." of Mabledon, Kent. ___.--------- D/E.D. On the 14th inst., at River near, Dove , J. PhiPPg.),;:qabet On the 14th inst., at St. dros%, near \Nrrinchestor, ..„..—edov,:i the youngest daughter of the late - W. Faithful!, Est , 7 0.- On the 14th inst., in the Dover-road, Mr. I'. W r ' t ". l , ° / 3er' the late firm of W. and P. Morrison, leather naercho' OS" On mondse th y, aged 48. e 14thinit., Mr. C. B. Harman , late of Wilw 1 40 court, Fleet-street, aged s`). . o f On the 15th inst., at Clapham, T. A _Crafer, E. , j ° esty's Treasury, aged 69. . n cl On the 15th inst., Mr. .1. l'apinean, of I.llark-lane• g a ll '- On the 15th inst., J. Bourne, Esq.,. of Stalmine Amelia, ofC :, Eton Lodge, Lancaster. r _, e' iot On the 16th inst., at Theobalds , He rts, S. Chauncy, Esq., aged 83. On the 16th inst. , M r. A . Le i g hton, of Ex—nutly.tree Clerkenwell, aged 57. , 1...,nd0n: Printed and Published by soap No. IN, Strand, at The Suit OMee, I %°' 0 1 ' the county of Middlesex.—Tuesday, Jasuarl i" 110 ma 4114, oft lin, Wil 4 • Qf q Sit 23 G —C a Dr Jet Jan Jos, a C 1n ti the of r , littl i !hei r , dent trail Pies Pete from per Arc VOr *ate tit y th e ern, :. f or 1,44. P eet trat sery ~~ 117 A vi i XI A C A PO s t ,