The Sun. — London, England, 1841-11-13 00:00:00

MORNING SUN appooint A ' kr , rent—a cessation of that repeal agitation ‘%hich n • ~onnell has kept up for so long a period. The %iranr4.e bigotry of the old Dublin Corporation, and the aens'iles s rav i ng for repeal should fall together, and be i nterred in one common grave." The following is from the Sherborne Journal:—" 'We have this week the high gratification of announcing the firth of a Prince of Wales. Such a gladful event dis- PCs the gloom which would otherwise arise from the 'depression that we hear of in the manufacturing districts; And it will, in all probability, prow: a lucky card for Sir -Robert Peel, who really seems to have fresh difficulties ea ted every day." The irn l n C4 ua 2 r rm il lo — me il t,i l Tec7r - g t e. C. 1 3 1 7 . r af Prince * of Wales Was discharged by his father I ;seorge 111. out of his own Pi/ate income ; 50,0001 was, to be settled on the Prince, 4° be paid out of the c ivil li s t ; an d a ll th a t was de rd was 60.000/ as a temporary aid to equip him at outset in life. COP/MIEN nEFORMIr. Th e Anti -Co rn -l aw 'cause has accomplished more Zithin the l ast two months than dur i ng t h e s i x prece rig• There are now 60 Associations in and about the ni et r o P6..is t o p romote t h e repea l o f t h e b rea d-t ax . , ~ r.uxiliary branch to -the Anti-Corn-law Associa e4°ll Was formed i n .the parish - of: St. Anne on Thursday ‘ rAing,'e and a Provisional Committee chosen. , The fi rst anniversary of the Derby L ib era l O perat i ve et hsociation w as h e ld at t h e L ecture H a ll, W a r w i c k, on t t011(1 ay last. Five hundred sat down to dinner. Among n Q mPany were Eward Stutt, Esq., M.P., W. Evans, 1 - 4 T. Gisbo d rne. Esq. r , Dr. Forester. STAT.XSTICSI. h . o i. e "! Population of Rome has lung been 'matter of dis 1. but the most unexaggerated statement is perhaps , :—lt appears from the very learned and trate researches of M. Dureau de la Mane (Econo "°Mtblique des Romains), that the area of Rome, in - , tr "ed within the walls of Aurelian, which have been to td and laid down with the utmost precision, amounts 811 about 3-s t h s t h e area o f P ar i s ; an d t h e f a i r pre offil,Ptioa is, that its population, as compared with that of /t a r's, would be in a less proportion. The population n ine, including its suburbs, in its most flourishing Period ' may be fairly estimated, allowing for troops and so `nets, at betweea.s6o,ooo and 570,000. How small cl e er it may apneix-when contrasted with the statements o : h ave bjen long current as to its vast magnitude. a 11 0 `,.„ 1/ ' ati °n of 600,000 is really immense for a city like without either manufactures or trade, and the in tli,ltants of which chiefly depended for subsistence on t ota g r eitnitous distribution of the corn supplied by the i ll ered province& LAW AND POLICE. Zursdayi at Guildhall, an aged woman was charged *l t o b reaking two panes of glass, in order to ensure red in Bridewell. She was convicted, and or stierh' to be imprisoned 'for a month, Sir Peter Laurie Ir at iog, as he pasSed sentence, ahat the Governors of of t l i l ie well had last week resolved to reduce the dietary pry; to that of the Poor-law Union in its vicinity. ". - Lambeth-street, Richard Hart, who had been a ; 0 7 1 :fighter, was charged with stabbing and attempting 1 1 , - " ° ‘ 4 a policeman. The policeman it appeared had of i,:anely interfered when the prisoner was beating one as Q t Cogs, a scuffle took place, and great violence was e si , en both sides. The prisoner was remanded till the" geon could he examined. X.XTFAXARIT AND SC7ENTXF:C. 4 10 ‘ B erlin, the second part of the poems of the well set:4 lioffinan Fellerinaier have been prohibited on iso lul t of ,their dangerous tendency. Legal proceed ilep;4ts"ve been also , commenced against him, likely to e him of his professorship. So e i p a per was read at a late meeting of the Statistical C o et Yt entitled " Statistics of Newspapers in , various acre s, by Mr. P. L. , Simmonds. In 1696, there the b ut , nin e n ews p a p e rs published in London, all of er eas 4 Weekly interval., In 1709, the number had Z 1 in , to ei g ht een , o f w hi c h one was published daily. 1 4 4 1 , 24, th ere were tree daily,, seven three times a tlv4 t hree halfpenny posts, and the London Gazette vt e , L ,e Wee k. In 17921 - thirteen daily and twenty-seven Papers. PINE ARTS. p c Gallery consecrated to the memory of Goethe, in th e „et ace of the Grand Duke, is so far advanced, that 1 4tir'nter Neker, who had to, furnish the pictures re tie, g to the ballads of the great poet, has left for Leip kfte, The architecture and decorations of the Gallery are Th 4e signs of Schinkel. qa s inzliversity of Oxford has determined on pur- Indli,, f a Y subscription the drawings of Michael Angelo , 'eeti o 'Lelle, formerly in Sir Thomas Lawrence's col- Pos e — ; 5 00/. has already been subscribed for the pur etsl4; they will b the in e Unilaced inversity the new galleries now in t of erection. Tli a COURT—WASICIONABL3. 1)11W Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge left town Col o , e ,;'oesday, for Petworth , House, Sussex, to visit p e e' and Mrs. Wyndham. for N/T d e rl e,Nicholas Estherhazy left town on Wednesday, Th e ; ,',! e ton Park. Ralf t ''''-aranis of Bute has arrived at Willinghan on a / I ° . t ,the Bishop of Lincoln. 4 1lia s e f , ' ai l and Countess of Wilton arrived in Grosvenor- Tuesda.v, from the Isle of Wight. tii llaer °ell ene; 4 , the Russian Minist er, g ives a g rand ~I,orltopirY atA s hburnham House. Eli urh embarked at Devonport on board .eam C QTO zo,. r , an on Sunday, and the next morning sailed I ndia. l Spencer and Radnor are shortly expected at .e 3.14 ; , i4, Northamptonshire, on a visit to Sir Charles I lkke"nt Duncannon is shortly expected in Cavendish- Dublin. - ------ TL„ MISCELLANEOUS. , ''ttr t ,'„ ls uL was the anniversary of the festival of St. It‘e i r " , the soldi er an d Bi s h o p o f Pa nno ni a . H e wa s 4 44 1 - e ttt Iconoclast of his day, breaking down all the i niages and altars standing. France had for nt esteem for him that his helmet always 0 efor e in battl e . t 4) I:, 4 ‘ ,,, b lindrad an d s i x ty-f our gentlemen have applied thi s - ,‘"raitted as attorneys in the Court of Queen's Bench ; and eleven gentlemen to be re-admitted. " e t 11. '"day last the Members of the Post-office Li t% 41 e i !nb gave - a public dinner to John Addy Curran, tk uar rister-at-law, at the Northumberland Hotel, N'-rtiquan Dublin, in testimony of hisgr . eat services and /IL -4 48 1 ,1n the cause of Reform, and civil and religious Th Q , l ullwards of 150 gentlemen were present. trl,, t.-err.olition of the Ranger's lodge in the Green tri (1" residence of the late Lady William Gordon, has "t sti el ` l ed on by the Commissioners of Woods and and the whole of the. site with the shrubberies, I. ttl k i e ni t .rt h „ rown into the park. . The lodge is the only lee k .i. I, obstruction to a sight of the park from lt 111 Y. kti'„ understood that an arrangement will shortly be 4 et lty 'l i sM trA the mail from London to Edinburgh in 0 4 . RUMOURS Or THE 1111.7. ll abl4 n h t nellt, it is said, intend to bring in a Bill to eklim Lan to purchase Battersea-fields for a . park, to tx , -t ow 7 c'tster Park It is also the intention of the Torres ns'truct a carkage-road alongside the water, ri det, l) , c 'nd with the intended road from Vauxhall -4 • ..-attersea-bridge. Irela ndb lide rstood that the Roman Catholic Bishops of d',,, i tler ea " t 4v e determined to apply to the Government for t, ii ll t ai bi e :'f the grant to Maynooth College, and . that a tlAt the nt °n PPointed by them are,to wait upon the Lord art the subject. A general feeling . prevails ..... el" ta ilt should be rejeCted altogether, it Sir !Co t 'N'l lSes to increase it an adequate aniount. To . . . .. . . - 6; 14 ) fi, T HE EDITOR OF THE SUN. . )4 11 ;: 41 1; -- t - "eg leave, respectfully, to correct you in . the It - " I li ) 3 4- 1 You h ye' published respecting the Bristo tiSliciulta44, l ectio a n. You have reversed the statement, k-421 • 111.-i;toure been five Liberals and eleven Tories, as 174 1 : 4 correctP.apers will prove. You may rely on this I am a true Liberal, and will do to my t kth st to r s cPPort the cause, but wish to keep to the as ' ana sure you do. a,„_ I am Sir, yours, respectfully, trad_street, Bristol, Nov. I]. IL W. B. REID. 4otoe ca nnot account for the mistake, but, as our Corre titt4veat beli eves, i t w a s u nint en ti ona l . I t i s worthy of h tti t k that in several returns sent the politi cs o f the 4 are not even hinted at.—ED. Sun.] it AIL WAYS IN GERMANY. (From the Courrier Francais.) Leonstruc ti on of railroads in Germany is advancing kutortat rapidity. A h s a s v e e mb re ly cei h 7d d eur t io h u e s 2 in 9th fo o ri taherfroth the General Assembly -v CO hy the shareholders of the railroad from Berlin rig no "'all -7 4 ) k awn under the name of railroad . of Berlin rt iaci ' 4.4 ' it traverses not only Prussia, but the two Prder-Palities of Anhalt Dessau and AnhLt . Coethen, in Salt t° A, j° ll l the line of Magdeburg at Leipzic, and and thus of Prussia R ich 1 ,. 4 t' great line which unites the capita eaa . '" l ' e stlen, Leipzic, Halle, and Magdeburg. The - w aa begun on the 15th of April, 1839, u s e: c r . onthe 31st of August, 1840, the ed to 1 1 4 ,.t 1'. 1; 1 b1 ; 'en Coethen and Dessau was 01 3 9 ' 1 , '24 4 1, 4 % On the Ist of July, 1841, the sectior b .1 11 06'V e rlin and Juterberg was opened, and finally the 'lle was opened on the 10th of September, 1841. kc lth - 4- line of - 140 miles in length was finished in 29 t Nli o -s ' The whole expense amounted to about four or il -t ,' Of dollars. But it must be said that the railway' %rxt'aerlin to Coethen has but one rail, like all the lie; ) 'a railways, except those from Leipzic to DrFs t4iveltrilycl front Vienna to Neukirchere. The trains 114 " - -?*1 fe w number ; the inconvenience of the - "'t,P . ; i s thus less felt. Until now there was but ie 4 ' l daily from Berlin to Coethen. But this 4 , l l 4 4 : 4 ;f (l ti r e e taY, which destroys the principal advah railroads, will not last long. The adini 'llagen,"l dk.lared that it was only a temporary a i r : * kit — "t• 011 the railroad from Vienna to Bruno, t to" every al is greatly fefelt: there is but one tram uaY, and t wo every Sunday. From the 10th rl li)er .:11 M 1 th to the 15 t h o f O cto b er , 46,920 p ersons railroad, and the produce was 59,260 dollar?.. Z e ei P t of merchandise is not known. The result is auraging. 411.t ili It - e weli k nown, and the fact is verified in Germany, tll 4 w ember, l of travellers increases every year. In g ee " the 24th to the 30th of October, 1841, there . I_4Nesd,"'al passenge rs on the railroad from Leipzic to l gtv for , who paved 5,641 dollars. Adding 3,461 clef 1 . 4 e r •l 'pggage, - It receipt of 9,110 dollars will be found. '4iPat,,esPoncling week elrik"9°4`47i,:o9 (1 -, 1 the year before only gave a Pr essla ar . s. and . A er t ot b hindhand. in Th now ninety leagues la is TA e :11ITIC IN DEVON A ND C OR NWALL.— I r . i. t" sr l rits _ 4,l y the Third Report of the Registrar-General -Deaths, and Marriages, just published, that 4740 41 4 4 -' b een a Devonshireea from 1837-8 in the Clea r ,,, Lot deaths in, and a progressive in- Of 44 the rest f tZath s England; and that the pFop_ertion „„-", „ v anced ages have been greatest in Devon, m 4JO reet.—Plymouth Journal. MONEY and COMMERA , IAL NEW CITY, FRIDAY EVENING. There has been less business doing in the Stock Market to-day, and prices were not buoyant, though they kept up to yesterday's range. The Three-and-a- Half per Cent. Stocks were less dealt in. For immediate transfer Consols realised 89 to 89*, and for Account 89* to 89+, Exchequer Bills were in brisk request at 13s. to 10s. prem., for those stamped as genuine; both large and small loans in the Stock Exchange were obtained at four per cent. upon the deposit of this security. Bank Stock was worth 164 to 165, and India Stock 245* to 246*. The New Three-and-a-Half per Cents. were were 991 to 99i. The Foreign Market was very quiet, and no alteration occurred in prices requiring special comment. Spauish Active Bonds were dull at 29* to 298 ; Mexican Bonds, brought 25* ; Colombian, 1 19+ ; Brazilian, 57*; Chilian, 71 ; Austrian, 1081; and Dutch Fire per Cents. 99+ to 99+ The ReilWai, Shares were steady in value to-day. Great Western realized 15 to 14+ ; the New, 7; Bir mingham 67 to 68 ; York and .North Midland, 34 ; and South Western, 14* premium. Brighton were 124 ; Blackwell, 16 ; Eastern Counties, 15* ; North Midland, 35; the New, 8; and South Eastern and Dover, 23 discount. Australian Bank Shares were 104 to 11 ; and London and Westminster, 1+- to 1* premium. The Foreign Exchanges were firmer, but no particular alteration occurred. Pails was ,25f 678 c. to 72ia. ; Hamburgh, 13 10 to ; and 'Trieste, 953 to 54. (From The Sun of Last Night.) LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, Nov. 11.—We have again to notice a very beery business in the Cotton Market, the sales not amounting to more than 3,000 bales, all to the trade, with a tendency to farther redue- tiun in prices. LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, Nov. 11.—The trans actions at the Stock Exchange are—ln Eastern Counties, 7:1 ; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 43+ ; Great North of England, 64 ; London and Birmingham Quarter Shares. 21 1 ,1 ; Ditto 32/. Shares, 52* ; North Midland Thirds, 14* ; North Midland, 75*; Manchester and Leeds Quar ter Shares, 22i. MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. 11.—There is no improvement to note to-day, though business might have been , transacted - at late quotations, generally. Sales have been made in London and Birmingham; Old, at 158, and Quarters at 214; London and South Western may be quoted 52* to 53 ; South Eastern and Dover, 19* to 20 per share. There are no later arrivals to-day from any quarter. The English Stock Market opened rather flat. Con sols are 89* sellers for Money, and 89* buyers for the Account. Exchequer bills have improved to 10, 13 prem.; business was done at the latter quotations yes terday afternoon. Although Spanish Stock comes 1 per cent. higher from Madrid, it has but little effect upon the Market here at present ; the Active Stock which closed last night at 21* 4, is now quoted at 21+ i; Deferred, 108 "*; Passive, 44 5; Portuguese Five per Cents., 291 30; Ditto, Threes, 17. 1 181 .4„ 4 There has been but little business doing in the English Funds. Consols 898 89 for Money, and 89“ for the Account ; Three per Cents. Reduced. 88 878 ; Three and-a-Half ditto, 98 97 a ; Bank Stock, 165 164 ; New Three-and-a-Half per Cent. Annuities, 998 I ; Ex chequer bills, 11 13 10 ; the market looking downwards. There been a fair business doing in the Foreign Se curities. Spanish Active Stock is now 21i ; Deferred, I 0 ; Brazilian Bonds firm, 578 ; Colombian, 191 ; Mexi can, 25-.4 ; Portuguese, Five per Cents., 298 ; Dutch Two -and-a-hlalf per Cents., 518 ; Ditto, Fives, 994 991-. Not much doing in Shares, and but little alteration to notice in prices. —Great Western, 794 ; Ditto New, 57; Ditto Fifths, Bf-, 4 ; London and Brighton, 374 364 ; London and Birmingham, 157 ; South Western, 53 ; South Eastern and Dover, 194 20. The Hamburgh mail clue to-day has not yet arrived. No alteration to notice in prices. The fine weather, cheering as it is, does not prevent the anticipation of a gradual decline in the duty on foreign corn, before the spring fairly sets in, until the minimum rate is attained, and this is likely to prove another disturbing cause in the Money Market, as re gards the Foreign exchanges. In the meantime, the receipts of silver from South America have been of material relief, as a remittance to the Continent; but these we cannot always hope for. We perceive that our contemporary, the Chronicle, has wisely taken up a point to which we drew attention under this head so=e short time back, viz., as to the effect which damp and inferior wheats, under the present system, are allowed to have upon the official averages. It is evident such parcels, being unfit for consumption, do not afford a fair basis upon which to calculate the average value of food, since a party going into the market to buy such an article as was proper for human food would find that he must pay considerably higher for it. In this way foreign corn is kept from us, when domestic grain of good quality is in reality so high, as to justify a lower range in the scare of duties. Consols, Money, 89 89A- ; Ditto, Account, 89/1.894 ; Mexican, 254 254 ; Spanish, 214 214. CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bank Stock 164 India Stock. ... . . .........246 3 per Cent Red. 94 Ditto Bonds pr 3 per Cent Cons B9b iDitto Old Annuities ... 3i per Cent Red.. 97i Ditto New Annuities... I \Tevv 3i per Cent 99* Ex. Bills, 1,000/....21d 12 pm New 5 per Cent — Ditto 500/ lO pm Long Annuitiestoexpire Ditto Small. . Jan 1860 l2 7-16 Bauk Stock for Acct.., Oct 1 R 59 l4 India Stock for Acct.... Jan: 1860. _l2t _ Cori l suls for Acet B9A FOIZEIG: FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per cent 1081 Portuguese ' &per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent Ditto, New Ditto 291. Brazilian 80nd5.... s7i Prussian, 5 per cent. Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent Russian,,s per cent...— — Chilian, 6 per cent...... Ditto, 51etallid ~ Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, 5 per cent 24 Ditto, 1824 l9l Ditto, Deferred lOl Danish, 3 per cent — French, 5 per cent. —f. —e. Greek, 1825, 5 per cent — Exchange —f. —c. Mexican, 5 per cent.... 251 French, 3 percent —f. —. O Ditto, 6 per cent, 1825 Dutch, 2* per cent sli Peruvian, 1825, 6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent. SHARES Eastern Counties Railway (23 pai) — Ditto Debentures ( 6 paid) 7l Great Western Railway (65 paid) 79i Ditto New Shares (50 paid 57 Ditto Fifth (4 paid) ... 8i London and Brighton (50 paid) 37& London and Blackwall Railway (25 paid)... 9 London and Birmingham (90) ... ... .. 158 London and South Western North Midland Railway (100 paid) Ditto New Shares (40 paid) ... 32 Ditto Thirds (15 paid) ... 134 South Eastern and Dover (43 paid).., 20 York and North Midland Railway (50 paid) 84 Ditto New Shares (15 paid) COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY). Amsterdam CF. 12 7 ,:Gibraltar ... Ditto, at sight Rotterdam ...2 U. 12 8 'Genoa . ... 25 85 Antwerp Hamburgh M.B. 13 1311 Altona Paris, 3 days' sight ... 25 55 Ditto, 3 months 25 80 Marseilles Bourdeaux 25 85 !Milan Venice ... 47 Naples ..............39* Palermo, per oz 114 Lisbon Oporto s2i Rio Janeiro 27 Frankfort on Maine... 150* l'etersbargh, 3 Us 37i 8er1in..... Vienna, effec. fi. 3 M 953 Trieste, ditto Madrid Bahia Buenos Ayres New York, 21 days sight 46i Philadelphia 46 PRICES OF BULLION, PER OZ Portugal Gold Coin £3 17 b Cadiz . 36 Bilbao ...36 Barcelona Foreiin Gold, bars 3 17 9 New Doubloons 0 0 0 New Dollars 0 4 10h Seville Silver in Bars... 0 4 1I DERBY MEETING OF MANUFACTURERS.-- A public meeting of the hosiery manufacturers and others, engaged in trade in the Midland Counties, will be held in Derby, on Thursday, the 9th day of Decem ber next, when a full exposition of the present state of trade in the counties of Derby, Nottingham, and Lei cester, and the condition of the operatives, will be made; a plan of co-operation will be then adopted, to facilitate the repeal of the Corn and Provision-laws, and a general reform of our commercial system. From the high stand ing and ability of the parties expected to attend, we an ticipate a great treat for the friends of commercial free dom, and we most fervently hope their endeavours will be crowned with success.—Derby Reporter. During the early part of the week Clifton was honoured with a visit from Lord Lowther, the Post master-General ; and we have heard that the Pier, at Portishead, has been since visited by several official gentlemen connected with the packet department.— Bristol Mercury. . _ We learn - by letters received yesterday from Glasgow, dated the 9th inst., that since that day week a number of failures had taken place in that city. Among the more important houses, seven have been named to us with the supposed amount of their liabilities, but we have deemed it advisable to withhold the particulars. In the meantime we may observe that these failures have added greatly to the existing apprehensions in that important commercial mart.—Chronicle. OXFORD, Nov. 10.—INCENDIARY FIRE.— This morning, about five o'clock, an extensive fire broke out in a large farm-yard belonging to i\ Ir. Gale, of Cud dekcien, near this city, and within a short distance of the Bishop of Oxford's palace, which in the course of a short tune destroyed a large quantity of valuable property, consisting of four wheat and hay ricks, two barns, one of which contained near 3,000 sacks of potatoes, and the other a quantity of wheat ready for market. The fire was first seen issuing from a corner of the barn, and owing to the wind, and not havien to save gineson a la the spot, rge it soon gained such an ascendancy that, , o u n p d u s l l e ‘ d v o d r t o h w n o . f wo o Hadl, barn a r r o n w c oonft buildings e r w 'e a r a s l o h b u l i n g d e r d e tohundred p b o the wind been in a different quarter the parish church soonmust ahaatvhee news fallen a reached prey t o the this citydevouring oy o engines element. were i l\ s . 1 mediately despatched, but owing to th e distance, and the rapidity of the fire, when they arrived th e y were of btit little service. The estimated loss is about 3,000/., part of which, we understand, is insured in the County Fire : office. We regret to add that there is no do ubt of its being the work of an incendiary. PORTSMOUTH, WEDNESDAY.—Orders have been received in our dockyard this day to get 12 ships ready for sea immediately; four of them to be of 50 guns each. In consequence of this order a number of addi tional workmen have been taken on, and the black smiths ordered to work three hours longer each day. The Pique arrived at Spithead to-day from Halifax. The Illustrious was towed out of harbour this day. In I honour of the birth of a Prince of Wales the Royal standard was displayed on the bastions, semaphore, 1 King's-rooms, and other public establishments ; and in i the afternoon a grand review took place at Scuthsea. The 73d Regiment was brought over from Gosport by means of the floating bridge, and, with the 32d and 34th Regi ments, under the command of Sir Hercules Pakenham, fired several feus de joie. THE SUN, LONDON, SATITRDAN,&„Novvg,,Bot 1841. LITER AT U RE. AMERICA AND THE CORN-LAWS; or, FACTS AND EVIDENCE SHOWING THE EXTENSIVE SUPPLY OF FOOD WHICH MAY BE BROUGHT FROM AMERICA, AND THE EFFECTS OF THE RESTRIC TIVE SYSTEM ON THE BRITISH AND AMERICAN TRADE. By JOHN CURTIS, of Ohio, United States. This is a most valuable pamphlet, full of facts and cogent reasoning. Mr. Curtis appears in the light of a great benefactor to the two nations, and if their rulers • had half his knowledge and philanthropy, the peace between them would be, in spite of frontier brawlers and newspaper in cendiaries, for ever assured. We quote the following specinven from page 15 : Wheat once formed a leading article in, the exports of the United States. The trade of that country with Great Britain was then double the present amount, in proportion to the number of the population. Had the trade of the two countries continued free, it would have increased with the increase of population and capital. The legitimate exchange trade has decreased between England and America for thirty years. What part has the restrictive system had in producing this result ? A few facts may enable us not only to answer this question, but to anticipate the consequence of a continuance of the same policy. From the time of the revolutionary war in America until 1812, the trade between the two countries regularly increased with the increase of the population. The average annual consumption of foreign merchandise in the United States, for each inhabitant, was— Frem 1790 to 1800, 395. 4d. 1 ' 1800 to 1810, 41s. Bd. In 1812 came the second American war, and in 1815 the British Corn-law, which was promptly followed by the high American tariff of 1816. For ten years prior to 1830 the annual average consumption of merchandise had fallen to 225. 6d., while the population of the States was nearly double, and their capital treble that of the ten years preceding 1810. Soon after 1830 followed the modification of the American tariff, and the importations based on the great transatlantic loans of that pariod. But, notwithstanding the stimulation and extravagance of the time, the average annual consumption amounted to only 31s. per head of foreign produce during the ten years prior to 1840. Abating the importation based on the loans of the last few years, and the trade of England with the United States has not increased in amount for the last thirty years, while the population of England has increased from eighteen to twenty-seven millions, and that of the States from seven to seventeen millions. CORN AND COTTON. With a POSTSCRIPT on DISTRESS. By ONE OF THE PEOPLE. This pamphlet contains the substance of a series of articles which appeared in opposition to the repeal of the Corn-laws, in a landlord's journal, which was written rather to flatter the prejudices of the landlords than expound the principles of the important question at issue. A specimen of the unfairness—the one-sidedness of its facts—and of the hollowness of its reasoning, may be found in the Postcript at p. 61,where the trade to the United States, from the example of the year 1837, when they were lessening a small portion of their indebtedness to England, and ex ported to this country, for a wonder, a million ster ling more than they imported, is represented as a trade of which the balance is against us, and must be habitually paid. with money. Every person at all acquainted with the fact knows that .he reverse was, till 1837, and is, on the average . Ull ..ile the case, and that annually the exports from England to the United States exceed the exports from the United States to England. One-third of their whole foreign trade is carried on with England, and in the ten years ending 1839 their imports exceeded their exports by 53,032,1641., a great part of which went from England. Even during the last-three years-1535,1839, awl 1840, the exports exceeded the imports by 21,351,097 dollars. Bating the partisanship and one-sided ness of the pamphlet, however, it is extremely well-written, arid bad the ingenious author a better cause to advocate he would have done it, we have no doubt, with distinguished success. A TREATISE ON THE COMMERCIAL SY S TEM. AND STAMP LAWS OF GREA7' BRI TAIN, By AYLING CIIAMBERLAIN. A pamphlet directed against the restrictive system, and especially advocating a revision of the stamp duties as well as the tariff. The fol lowing specimen shows how the rich have been able to influence the Legislature to make partial laws in their favour : Suppose the estate of a deceased mrson to be worth 2,0001. ,• it will be seen by referring to the Stamp Act, that 50/. probate duty must be paid on proving the will. But suppose another to be worth 10,0001. ; common sense and common justice, one would think, demand that this estate, being five times the amount, pay five times as much duty, viz., 2501. ; but no, 2001. only is de manded. Here, then, supposing the 'duty on 2,0001. to be no more than it ought to be, is clearly a loss to the revenue of 50/. • But suppose a third estate to be worth 20,0001.. an every=day occurrence recollect, certainly if 50/. is to be levied on 2,0001., 5001. ought in fairness to be levied on the 20,0001. ; but how stands the case ? Look at the Stamp Act, and you will seo this 20,0001. is only charged with 3,50/ ; the revenue therefore loses 1501. But, suppose a fourth estate to be worth 100,0001., a very common case ; why is not this 100,000/ to be charged with 2,500/, if 2,0001. is charged with 501. ? But it is only charged with, 1,5001. ; a loss to the revenue therefore take's plaoe of no less a sum than 1,000/. from the proportion of taxes which ought to be received from the estate of one individual, if_those who are poorer do not pay too much. There is another part of this schedule by w hich the effects of intestate persons are taxed, and as much fault may be found of it as of the other. The tax is levied most partially; a few words will prove this. Suppose a person to die intestate, worth 1,0001. in personal property, his effects would be charged with 451; but suppose another to die worth 7,0001, his effects should be charged with what? Seven times as much, I am told, 315/. It should be so; but 2101. is all that is demanded; 105/. too little, if 451 on 1,0001. is no more than right. Suppose again, eight individuals to die intestate, worth respectively, in per sonal property, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 25, 30, and 35 thou sand pounds; assuming 451. to be a just charge on 1,000/, the revenue, in consequence of these sums being taxed at a lower rate would lose no less than 3,4751. It is really difficult to imagine upon what principle or method of calculation the framers of these schedules have proceeded: if indeed they have proceeded upon any principle or method at all. To this should be added the fact, that no administration duty whatever is charged on freehold land and houses; so that while the estate of a person of the middling class, who may at any time die and leave to his family a bare provision in personal property, is . charged with a very heavy tax in probate duty; the' fttmily of a rich landed proprietor, who dies possessed of freehold estates to the amount of perhaps 500,000/, or in fact to any amount, however great, is not called upon to pay one farthing in this way. This is fair taxation indeed! 'Wise legislation! MEND YOUR FIRST FAULT.—The Queen (of George the Second), once said to Whiston, " I hear you are good at telling persons their faults ; now, as every body has some fault of other, I should like to know what you have chserved wrong in me." Whiston would have evaded the question, but the Queen was not to be denied. " Why then, Madam," said Whiston, " the people complain that you talk to the King when at chapel, instead of minding the service." " I believe," answered her Majesty, " there is some truth in what you say. But now tell me of another fault." " No, Madam," said the old monitor, " let me see you mend the first before I mention another."—Memoirs of George the Fourth. CITIZENS ENNOBLED, &C.— The following notice of citizens who have been ennobled will probably be considered interesting at the present moment. John Coventry was an opulent mercer of the City of London, and Mayor in 1425. From him is descended the pre sent E&rl. of Coientry. Sir Stephen Brown, Mayor in 1438, and again in 1448, was a grocer, and gave to us another peer, in the person of Sir Anthony Brown, created Viscount Montague by Philip and Mary in 1554. The Legges rose to be Earls of Dartmouth. The gallant sea officer, George Legge, was the first who was nobilitated, created Earl of Dartmouth in 1682. He was descended from one who was Lord Mayor of London in 1347, and in 1354, having, by his industry as a skinner, at tained to great wealth. Sir Geoffry Bullen, Mayor in 1458, was grandfather to Thomas, Earl of Wiltshire, father of Anne Bullen, and grandfather to Queen Eliza beth, the highest genealogical honour the City ever pos sessed. Sir Baptist Hicks was created Viscount Camp den ;he was a mercer. The Capels, Earls of Essex, are descended from Sir William Capel, draper ; he was Lord Mayor in 1503. Edward Osborne, cloth-worker, was Lord Mayor in 1502—he gave origin to the Dukes of Leeds. From Sir "William Craven, merchant-tailor, Mayor in 1611, sprung the Earl Craven. Lord Viscount Dudley and Ward is descended from William Ward, a wealthy goldsmith of London, and jeweller to Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I. ORGANIC R EM A I N s.—A rare discovery has re cently been made in Mr. Brewer's quarry, in Box field, Box, of Fo . 3sil bones. They were found in a cavern, 70 feet under, the surface, and have the same appearance as the freestone, or oolite, but are much lighter. They are numerous, and amongst them the vertebrae are very; d'istin6tr'llnd some have bones like legs, and a head, but there fOicothing to indicate that they belong to any existing *cies. Nothing of the kind has ever before been7ptindinhe locality, nor in cutting the Box tunnel; kVtll.kli sOcAmens of vegetables and fish have been fotinditiloe , inferior oolite, an d th e clay on which it was reeunibeelit.,—lfiltshire Independent. MACH INERY.—A great 'change in the trade of the machinist has taken place since 1820 —namely, the introduction of a multitude of refined and elaborate mechanical inventions, under the name of tools. " In stead of being, as formerly, simple implements, of ea sy construction, they are of great p ower and nicety, and in fact are indi▪ spensabl e t o t h e fabri cation of good machinery ; thei▪ r value ranges from 1001. to 2,0001. By means of them machinery may be con structed by mere labourers much better than it was formerly made by first-rate workmen. With some ma chines a boy will perform work formerly requiring the labour of two men, whilst many are self-acting. The machinery produced by these tools is also better as well as cheaper, and although they have had the effect of dis placing the machine - mahing labour to the extent in some instances of one-half, yet the aggregate number of individuals engaged in the trade of machine 'whiny has increased materially. In fact, tools have introduced a revolution in machinery, and tool making has b:come a distinct branch of mechanics, . . . and a very hi pofiant trade, although twenty years ago it was scarcely known. Mr. Jenkinson says, r‘ that where 501. were expended in tools formerly,- 1,000/. are in vested now." We recommend the passage in italics to those who ascribe the sufferings of particular classes to the displacement of labour by machinery. It would be easy to produce a multitude of parallel eases. The ..atctcliing4atne, no doubt; stipeitedecl a certaih'nuniter of Workmen or workwomen at first ; but it has enabled those countries of Europe where it was intrOanced to make stockings for the world, and the manufacture now employs probably six times as many persons as it would have dune, if knitting by the hand had still been the only proces in use. Even the power loom, we have no doubt, employs many more individuals than it has superseded.—Edinburgh Paper. VERY LIKE A W. 14 A LE.—....011 Saturday, Alex. Kerr and John Ross, fishermen, whilst fishing at the tail of the Scaur in Lochryan, caught a hallibut, weigh. ing,llst. 411 b., in the following manner:—ln pulling up a long line, they found the monster attached to it, and endeavoured to draw it into the boat with clops, which, however, were broken in the attempt. Kerr then thrust his arm through the gills of the fish, and succeeded, after a desperate struggle, in getting it into the boat. On examination, it was found that the hallibut hadswal lowed a cod weighing 171 b., which had previously been caught on one of the hooks of the long line.—Stranraer Advertiser. 'Thursday morning, about a quarter before eleven o'clock, a most alarming fire broke out on the premises Of Mr. Smellie, copper-plate printer, in Bedford-court, Covent-garden. The Chandos-street engine was almost instantly on the spot, followed by others. Luckily, a plentiful supply of water was obtained, otherwise the damage must have been serious, owing to the denseness of the neighbourhood. The loss has been variously ru moured, but,:from-what we could gather, does not ex ceed 100/. Mr. Smellie is insured in the Hand-in-Hand< offbce, CURIOUS li o was B passingEßY ° then thieves sthe procession were, as mi g ht b e expected, very bus i ly employe d . Lord Mansion Mayor's House, se D , a the Amongst the persons robbed was a French gentleman. The way in which the robbery was committed had a good deal of coolness and comedy about it. The gentleman had his watch, to which there was a guard, in one waistcoat pocket, and a purse containing 15 sovereigns in the other, and he kept his arms down so as to protect the property in both pockets. As he walked along a well-dressed person, who had noticed him for some time, said to him, " Oh, Sir, if you carry your arms in that way, you will have your pockets picked as sure as ever you were born." " Ah," said the French gentleman, "Sere, I shall thank you let me knoW how I carry my arms." " Why, this way to be surf.," replied the polite adviser ; and taking hold of one of the Frenchman's, rased it up, and, with amazing quickness, whipped out the purse, while the grateful foreigner passed along, saying, " Sare, I thank you vera much fur showing me how not to be robbed." The gentleman aid not ascer tain that he had lost anything till he got into Wood street, where he visited a family and mentioned the ad venture pretty nearly as it is stated above. The state ment of this robbery at the Mansion House brought to mind an impudent robbery which was committed on Ludgate-hill in the mayoralty of Alderman Thompson. Upon that occasion a little elderly dre;sy man, who had a diamond pin in his shirt, stood out of the crowd upon the steps of a hall door, and was enjoying the procession with great dignity. The sparkling gem in his shirt, however, soon attracted the attention of a gang of thieves, who went over to the place on which he stood, and held him by the arms, while one of the fraternity quietly took the pin out of the little fellow's shirt, and fixing it in his own, said, " I say, old fellow, don't it look a precious sight better where it is now, eh ?" It was in vain the loser cried out. The gang drowned his voice by their vociferations; and, getting among the crowd, proceeded in their work without any interruption from him. COACH ACCIDENT. -- On Thursday morning, about ten o'clock, as the Birmingham mail was proceed ing along Barr's. lane, it came in contact with a timber waggon unloading at the yard of Mr. Trapnell. The concussion was so violent that the coachman and three of the passengers were thrown off, one of whom was severely injured. He was immediately conveyed to Mr. Macdonald's, surgeon, in St. James's Barton, where he was promptly attended to by that gentleman, and imme diately afterwards proceeded to Reading, the place of his residence. One Gf the horses received some slight bruises, but we are happy to add that no Turther injury was done.—Sherborne Journal. MURDER WILL OUT.—A mason of La Marche, in the Nievre, lately undertook, for a reward of 10E, to carry the illegitimate child of a poor neighbour to the Hospice at Autun, but next day the body of the infant was found drowned in a river. The unfortunate mother, hoping that at some future day she might be able to re claim her child, had written its baptismal name and the name of its godmother on a piece of paper, and sewed it to part of the dress. This remained unobliterated by the water, and led to the ascertaining of the identity of the child. The man has not yet been arrested, but the officers of justice are in pursuit of him.—Paris paper. GREAT MINDS IN SMALL BODIES. — It Would cost little exertion of memory to swell the list of great minds in diminutive frames, who, " ingentes animos augusto in corpore versant." The names of David. Alex ander, Pepin, Tamerlane, Napoleon, are best known among the rulers of the earth ; and in private eminence those of Horace, Pomponatius, Fracastor, Vida, Galli leo, Sarpi, Pope, Rousseau, Wilberforce, Grattan, Cur ran, Gibbon, Erskine, Sir Humphrey Davy, the Ven dean chief Charette ; and so many more, among whom are some living statesmen—Guizot, Thiers, and Lord John Russell, who resemble the homuncio exilis staturcv, of Demosthenes.—Gentleman's Magazine for November. DREADFUL ACCIDENT.—A few days ago, a gentleman of the name of Gibbs (of London) was riding a very beautiful and spirited horse, on the road about a mile and a half out of Dartford, at the turn of two roads the animal took fright at a pointing- post, and galloped off at a dreadful rate down the hill till he came to the chalk-pits. The animal gave a plunge and fell near 90 feet over the cliff. Mr. Gibbs beim , warned by two or three persons, who witnessed his frightful situation, had the presence of mind to throw himself from his horse. He was immediately taken up, and it was found he had broken his arm in two places. The horse was killed on the spot. On Thursday last about thirty individuals of the labouring population left Mclksham as emigrants to the island of Jamaica, whither several had before gone, who are doing well. They are employed on the coffee plantations on the hills.— Wiltshire Independent. CORN-LAWS.—On Tuesday night a lecture on the Corn-laws was delivered by Mr. George Thompson, in Bristo-street Church, Edinburgh. The audience, which was highly respectable, amounted to about four teen hundred, and was admitted by tickets at sixpence each, admitting two. The lecture last e d nearly three hours. STATE OF TRADE AT MANCHESTER. — There was little change in the market on Tuesday. Owing to the advance of the season, and the non-arrival of a Ilamburgh mail, the demand for yarn for the conti nent of Europe has considerably abated, but no material alteration has taken place in pripes. Manufactured goods, with the exception of fustians, continue greatly depressed, and it is difficult to force sales without sub mitting to serious sacrifices. Some attempts have been making to bring about a more general agreement for limiting the hours of, labour ; but hitherto, we believe, without suzeess.—Manchester Guardian. SHANNON IMPROVEMENT.—The first stone of the new bridge across the Shannon, at Athlone, was laid on the 6th inst. by Mr. Long and Mr. Buck, the engineers. It is expected that the new bridge, with the other improvements at Athlone, by the Shannon Com missioners, will be completed in less than four years.— Dublin Pilot. THE IRISH PRESENT TO JERUSALEM.-A letter from Messrs. Briggs and Co., of Alexandria, dated October 21, has been received by Mr. Hamilton, an nouncing the safe arrival at that city, and subsequently at Beyrout, of the Catholic Testimonial in Hebrew, Arabic, Latin, Greek, and English, that " God is mer ciful," and that " Holy is his name." It must, there fore, have long since arrived in the Holy City, its in tended destination."—Dublin Pilot. CORONER'S INQUEST.—Last evening an in quest was held at the sign of the Life-Guardsman, Knightsbridge, before Mr. Higgs, the Coroner for West minster, on view of the body of a female unknown. Thomas Spredrow, the Beadle of Knightstridge, pro duced for the inspection of the Jury a Leghorn bonnet, trimmed with green watered silk, a black lace veil, and a pair of black kid gloves, found on the banks of the liver, and which are supposed to have belonged to the deceased, also a pair of gold ear-rings, two gold finger. rings (one plain, and the other set with six pearls and a turquoise in the centre), and a platted hair neck-chain with gold snaps and four slides, which were found about the person of the deceased. The Jury then proceeded to view the body, which is that of a female about twenty or twenty-five years of age, of rather stout make and short stature, dark hair and fresh complexioned. One of her fingers was much marked by needlework. She had on a muslin gown with light pink shaded flower, white petticoat, a red chequered shawl, very fi ne w hi te cotton stockings, and a p of nearly new winter boots edged and lined with fur ; her apparel was of the best quality. There were no marks of violence about the body. The Coroner said that through the medium of the public papers no doubt, the relatives or friends of the deceased would be found. Verdict—Found Drowned. The flannel pAticoat of the deceased was marked S. 8., No. 3. SINGULAR DEATH OF A GREENWICH PEN- SlONER.—Yesterday morning, just before six o'clock, the body of an old Greenwich pensioner, named John Phill potts, aged 75, was discovered hanging from the bedpost in a ward in the Infirmary : his throat was also cut, and when found he was quite dead. It would appear that the unfortunate man, who had been in a bad state of health for some time, had suspended himself by the cord of the bedstead, aid afterwards, repenting of the act, had at tempted to cut that part of the rope which was round his neck with a knife that was afterwards found near his person, but had failed in doing so, and in the attempt had so lacerated his throat that he died of the wounds. MOTHER AND DAUGHTER BURNT TO DEATH.—An inquest was held on Monday last, at Bevercotes, near Tuxford , over the b odies of Elizabeth Whittington, aged 5 2 , and Elizabet h Whittington, the younger, aged 15. The daug hter, who was an idiot, was, on Sunday last, left in the house b y her mother whilst she went to feed her pig, and, on her return. she found her enveloped in flames ; as soon a s the girl perceived her mother to extinguishreturning she tbe a n m u e p s to the her, mother's clothes and, in endea vouringcaught fire—their shrieks were heard by a neighbour, Mrs. Baker, who ran to their assistance, when she saw the poor idiotic girl burnt to death, and lying on the floor, and the mother trying to stop the progress of the flames by pumping water over herself. The poor woman lingered in a state of extreme suffering until evening, when she expired. Verdict, Accidentally burnt to death. Nottingham Review. Sifri l l-10iiii'S CONVERSION, " The Limerick Reporter announces the Coliiersion. to fhe Catholic faith of the Rev. Mr. Sibthorp. What will his brother, the ultra-1 cry Member for Lincoln ; F ay to this His very whiskers, we suspect, will bristle up hke a cat's back with horror."-- London Sun of Saturday. No such thing. We should not be surprised were the gallant thlitiderer against Maynooth to follow the ex ample so well set by his reverend brolier. The honester the zealot, the more chances there are in his favour of the triumph of truth. We have had extraor dinary instances, within the last few years, of the spread of Catholicism among a portion of the English Aristo as nay the most violently opposed to its doctrines. What reason is there to suppose that Colonel Sibthorp, with all his bigotry, may not soon be among the number ? 'or our part we should not be surprised if he became before long a thorough-going Catholic. He is a zealot, It is true, and, we firmly believe, an honest one ; and the g re2er likelihood, we repeat, that he may open his eyes to error, and embrace the faith he now inveighs against with the acrimony of the Grand Turk,— Limerick Reporter, THE GRAND POLISH BALL AND CONCERT IN GUILDHALL. A numerous meeting of the members of the Common Council and of the Committee of the Literary Associa tion of the Friends of Poland took place at the Guild hall yesterday. Deputy Peacock in the Chair, for the porp 6 se of making the necessary arrangement l sf t y i r i t i h t e ball and concert alL:ounced for Wednesday the 7 1 Mt. AT4DERTON stated -t the sale of tickets, both at the West-end and in the City, ha., already been so great that he felt it his duty ehended, t o recommen d u 2 the Committee the propriety of raising the price, as many ap, from former experience, that the Hall might be over from whilst, as the ball and concert were merely a. signed to encourage a charitable object, he thought the public could have no reason to complain of such an ad vance in the price of admission.—(Hear.) The Cl/AU - WAN stated in reply that the Committee had already taken due precautions to limit the issue of tickets to the ntruber which the Hell could accommo date. These precautions were now become doubly ne cessary, since he had the gratification to announce that Miss Adelaide Kemble had, on being applied to, at once acceded to the wish of the Committee, and pro mised to lend the attraction of her name and talents to the approaching concert.—(Great cheering.) Talent was the inheritance of a liemble, but when devoted to the advancement of a noble and interesting charity, at the moment when public enthusiasm had 11 - ailed the rising of a new and a brighter star above the horizon of the musical world, our admiration for her talents deepened into esteem.—(Cheers.) There could now be no doubt that the ball would exceed in brilliancy an its prede cessors and he hoped the Noble Lord near him (Lord Dudley Stuart) had some gratifying announcement to make, and he would therefore call upon his Lordship to address the meeting. Lord DUDLEY STUART then said he had been an- „.... ticipated by their worthy Chairman, in one of the most important statements which he had to make, namely, that in relation to Miss Adelaide Kemble. He felt also that he we totally inadequate to render that amiable young lady justice for the cordial manner in which she • had promised them her support, and the hearty sym pathy which she had manifested towards the unfortunaie l Polish exiles. There was an old Latin proverb, ” Bis dat, qui dat cito," which he would take the liberty of translating into " Who gives at once what he intends, Gives twice his gift, and makes more friends," • a proverb never more appropriately exemplified than in the case of Miss Adelaide Kemble, who had doubled the favour she granted by the handsome manner in which it had been conferred.—(Cheers.) It was with great pleasure, also, that he announced the intention of Lord and Lady Palmerston to be present at the ball, a letter from whom to that effect was in, the Chairman's hands. It was no less gratifying to find that Lord and Lady Stanley and Sir James Graham had signified their desire to patronize the ball, whilst Lord and Lady Wharncliffe and Lord and Lady Sandon had also ex pressed their intention of being present.—(Cheers.) his Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex had likewise de clared his intention, not merely to patronize, but to be present at the ball, accompanied by the Duchess of In verness. Lord Chesterfield, Count D'Orsay, and several ethers, whose names, in consequence of the rapidity with which they were uttered, we could not catch, were likewise mentioned by Lord Dudley Stuart as having promised to attend. his Lordship warmly thanked the Chairman, the Honorary Secretary of the Managing Committee (Mr. Carr), and the other members of the Corporation, for the great zeal and activity they had displayed. The unfortunate men for whom such exer tions were made might challenge the strictest scrutiny into their conduct, and would to God it were upon the merit of that conduct their prosperity were to depend. The time was now long past since the first ebullition of • enthusiasm burst forth in their favour, yet they were the same Poles who in 1831 withstood the whole power of the Russian armies, and could not be subdued, until at last, under the combination of brute force and diabolical treachery, nature itself gave way. They were the same Poles who fought for the independence of their native land against odds that would have deterred a com munity of lions, while many of them flung into the scale with their lives, the advantages of rank and fortune, and other gifts of prosperity. They were the same Poles who, to the astonishment of all Europe, held out against the mighty armies of their -oppressor, with a courage that equalled the proudest memories of Greece, and realised, in every thing but in success, the days of Marathon and Platea—and great must have been the display of that valour, and glorious the constancy of that suffering, which could dignify defeat itself with the laurels that belonged to victory.—(Great cheering.) He (Lord Dudley Stuart) knew that English men, as well as Eng lish women, felt and resolved that those who survived the conflict, as it were, to show how they could endure adversity in its more slow, but not less appalling horrors, should not at last sink under their accumulation. — (Cheers.) Resolutions were subsequently passed, to the effect that preparations on a grander scale than have been hitherto made in the Guidhall, should at once commence, in the expectation of a more brilliant attendance than has been witnessed, even when the appeals made to our fair countrywomen were most powerfully supported. Miss Adelaide Kemble will be heard to the greatest advantage in the Guildhall, which was pronounced .by Sir George Smart, on the night of the Polish ball, which followed the visit of her Majesty to the Guildhall, the finest area in England for song. BURDEN OF THE CORN-LAWS. The following estimate of the tax imposed on the community by the Corn-laws, is from a spirited little pamphlet, which we arc happy to see has reached the third edition, entitled " A Plea for the Total and Im• mediate Repeal of the Corn-laws" : " The amount of taxation occasioned by the opera tion of the Corn-laws, since their enactment in 1660, down to the present time, has been so great, that even au approximation towards it cannot be made without exciting the disbelief even of those who are acquainted with their principle of operation. But the magni tude of the oppression on the national industry is not less true on that account. The landed interest, since they attained the power "‘ to prescribe the rule of civil action," have been determined to tax the public for their own benefit. Accordingly, when, the unprin cipled system of the bounty had ceased to be operative, from the increase of population raising the price so high at home as to prevent exportation even with the bounty, duties on importation were imposed for the express purpose of artificially maintaining high average prices. And as the bounty on exportation bad the effect of im posing a heavy load of taxes on the community, so the import duties had and have now a still more oppres sive operation. To impose an import duty, and to exempt the home produce, is to legislate that Go vernment shall receive the tax on the small quantity imported, and that the farmers shall collect a like excess of price on the whole quantity sold by them, the Government receiving about five per cent. of the tax imposed, and the home grower collecting the remaining ninety-five, to be transferred to the landowners in the shape of increased rent.* For there can be no ground for believing that under a free trade in corn the price in London would exceed the price at Amsterdam, as neither England nor Holland produces a sufficient sup ply for the requisite consumption. Both are importing countries, and as the expense of conveying corn from the place of growth to London would not be greater than to Amsterdam, it follows that the prices would equalize at the two ports. The average price of wheat at Amsterdam, from 1822 to 1831 was 345. 41d., and therefore may be taken (less abut 4s. 4d. of import duty) as a fair average of the natural priee of wheat in Europe during those ten years. In England, the average price for the same period was 61s. 8/d., or an excess of 31s. 41 which can be attributed to no other cause thon the existence of restrictions on importationt. Then as " the difference between the natural price of an article imported from abroad, and the high price of a similar article produced at home, is a tax imposed upon the whole community in order to put the difference into the pockets of the producer of the homemade article ;" it follows that the community paid this ex cess of 31e. 4id. on the whole amount consumed in the country. Now, supposing that this excess is an average of the increased price of food during the twenty-six years from 1815 to the present time, 1841, the population being 20,000,000, an d the estimated consumption for each person to be equal in value to two quarters of wheat, we shall then arrive at a tolerably correct estimate of the annual taxation, collected by the farmers, and transferred into the pockets of the la n o d o o o c , r ob a o c yo y t , o e3 r oswasted.m4m .i i6 n t2; u 6t n o7 p ot r ,h o se fi 3 t iaa l i b n. unprofitable cultivation. Thus : years, of 1,629,441 6" () m o cr2 o r°a r s ' e u°g:r than °aind d °s o X u totals2b9le overpaid42t ° h 6 ' e National Debt !! But 3B a sum immense it is probablyaid in not one-half of eratiee been o p of the as this sum may appear, laws occasioned the actual by the which has ep rotec t xcess , : th to e the land-owners." It has been officially estimated by the Secretaries of t h e Board of Trade, " that the annual taxation imposed upon the country by our duty on cor n , an d t h e provision duties and prohi bitions, are far greater,probably much more than double, th e amount f the taxation paid to the Treasury." Such an extraordinary fact appears capa ble of the most perfect demonstration : and yet there are statesmen who deny it ; but they are so dis trustful of their ability to sustain their opinions, that they are determined to resist inquiry—a line of conduct not calculated to raise them in the est:mation of the public. No political combination can long uphold such an unparalleled system of public robbery and oppres sion. If it is attempted to be continued, it oug ht to justify a confederacy of the national manhood to resist such en undoubted usurpation of the sovereignty at the taxation of the people for other than national ob jects. It is not merely the triple load of taxation which it imposes upon the country, that constitutes the full amount of the grievance , b ut the loss occasioned by the reduction of the value of labour, the diminution of the profit on capital, and the bankruptcies and insol vencies which are certainly attributable to these laws. The national wealth is wasted by this vicious legisla tion to an amount probably equal to the eatire land rental of the United Kingdom. " Some remarks of all intelligent and experienced Scotch agriculturist have been transmitted to the writer on this illustration; it is not here meant, as has been su pposed, that the farmers are benefitted by the Corn laws —on the contrary, they are merely the tax-collectors for the landowners, and not one farthing of the excess is allowed to be appropriated by them in the long-run: the table of the increase of land-rent will satisfactorily ex plait ato whom it is transferred. The author has never ;iced or expressed " a hostile feeling towards agri cult, [lists," that is, the farmers, On the contrary, his : object is to attempt, like the Scotch agn cultt tsist, "to direct attention filly to the whole ft:j -ell:I:6 er of the system, which are chargeable solely on the imz:entors and supporters of the Corn-lues." He has also :eat pleasure in attaching the accompanying extract from " his letter :—° wince 1815, more farmers hare been than in any other trade ; take for example one of the i i chest and most agricultural districts in Scotland, Hadd ingtonshire, and you will find two sets of tenants (gene rally on leases ofniueteen years) have been swept at!cl the condition of the exi s ti ng set i t m i ght seem inri.dirMus to speak about—at least for one tenant that has ted in his occupancy since 1815, there have besn thrsc r ;, In 1791 the land-rental of the parish of Haddingtonshire, was 2,0001. ; in 1840 it was y t ;ster • Will this not satisfy the farmers that they are 8, deiudo blandishment of the public enemy ? nls editions of this tract, the excess was ' t In the prey,: ined." 4 3, 61. 7 s the author was not aware that in. taken at 27 an import duty of about' 4s. 4d. Prussia an excise tax is II C 25') r [See .C. • - levied on the whole gto.ntiO• consumed, which if an ind there w4:24 . im port duty is tcis country, ought alt, to be imposed to a like min; then the tax on the community I t vl b il e d c w ° l l‘ o ti l n ly ": g a o li t li cy L tl ai le ' p. ll revenue. ESPARTERO at SAN SEBASTIAN-, Nov.-I.—Yesterday,at half-past 7,Espartero arrived here from Tolosa, accompanied by Linage, his Secretary, and the Ministers of War and. the Interior. At the outer gate he was received by some of the authorities and a detachment of the National Guard, each man of which bore a lighted taper. The effect may be imagined masses of light and shade fell on the group, and formera tableau vivant which Rembrant might have sketched ; behind rose the citadel, lofty, dark, and massive, against the starry sky ; and, below, the white houses of the town ever and anon started into light as the flash of the saluting gulls gleamed fitfully on their walls ; the very booming of the sea beneath harmonised with the wild picturesqueness of the scene. At the outer barrier the old-fashioned carriage of the Regent, drawn by five lanky, backahaven mules, stopped, while the deputation spoke a moment with him ; a crowd of eager, gazing, peasants, citizens, women, and fishermen, pressed round, and the dark Castilian countenance of Espartero, looking anxiously from the window, gave a finishing historic touch to the picture. This advent of the Regent, with out any uf the pomp and circumstance of war, was duly appreciated by the inhabitants of San Sebastian, and this morning the house in which he passed the night was surrounded by hundreds of people, anxiously watching for him. At noon I had the pleasure of being presented to this fortunate general. My reception was not only polite, it was unaffectedly kind ; and in a few pithy Cas tillian sentences he expressed his regard for the English. I think he spoke sincerely, though I could not help thinking of Talleyrand's definition of " words given to man to conceal his thoughts." But, to say the truth, during the interview, my eyes were more employed than my cars. The expression of his face pleased me ; it is good looking, though somewhat worn by care and physical suffering. Ills forehead is rather high, and slightly protrudes over a pair of black eyes, which, whilst he spoke, beamed with vivacity and intel ligence ; round their corners serpentined to the very temples a maize of deep wrinkles ; his nose is straight and handsome, mouth well formed, but restless, and his general bearing and voice extremely gentlemanly. I should think his height to be about the same as our own great Duke of Victory. In a balcony of the ante room I saw Linage ; he has the reputation of being remark ably clever ; in person and features he is heavy, almost fat ; by the by e, on one occasion he sold Espartero a sad bargain : during the war the General ordered him, as military secretary, to draw up a proclamation ; this Linage did by translating, verbatum, one of Napoleon's most thundering speeches. In a day or two this belli cose plagiarism was discovered, and Espartero got quizzed most unmercifully. The French authorities of the present day never seem happy unless they are making themselves ridiculous, or different from other people ; for instance, this morning the consular flag was not displayed, though those of every other Government with which Spain has political in tercourse waved in the breeze : this apparently trifling incident has been bitterly commented on by the Spaniards. How imprudent, almost disgusting, parti cularly at the present state of affairs, thus to wound the feelings of a people proverbial for pride and sensitiveness. At three the Regent, attended by a numerous suite, pro ceeded to the Town Hall in the Plaza de la Constitution the streets through which he passed were hung with in- numerable draperies ; damasks and silks flaunted their vanities in the bright sun by the side of substantial coun terpanes, snowy sheets, and modest table cloths, and when Espartero appeared at the balcony he was received by a good wholesome shout from the multitule. Ile waived his hand to the different balconies, the ladies replied with fans and kerchiefs, the peasants threw in the air their red anagorras, and the National Guard again viva'd. Never before did I see Spaniards give way to such an abandon cf feeling. After this display of mutual regard the grand business of the day commenced. In the centre of the Plaza was erected a stage, about three feet from the ground, and destined for the exhibition of a pageant, peculiar, I believe, to this province ; it is called a com p.) se, and is really one of the most elegant things I ever saw. At a quarter-past three a troop of about forty lads and lasses entered the square, preceded by an ancient shepherd and a capital band. The girls wore red boddices, white petticoats, and Swiss hats, and each couple or trio bore between them large shallow boxes, so ingeniously constructed, that they exactly resembled the parterres of a flourishing flower garden, for on their arti ficial surfaces bloomed every description of flower. De positing these on the ground, they ascended the platform and commenced a national dance, whose mazy figure was well suited to the wildly oriental music and the charming refrains sung by the figurantes ; anon as they sang and danced a fairy temple began to appear about the stage, and then a number of gaily bedizened pigeons suddenly flew from it ; the keys of San Sebastian, carried on a silver salver, were carried up to the Regent by two young girls ; after hearing the complimentary address, Espartero turned towards the Plaza, waived his hand, and the Colonel of the National Guard, stepping before his men, cried out, "Viva Ysabela 11., y la Constitu tion ;" then rose from all sides a great shout, and Es partero soon afterwards retired. At four o'clock, p.m., he left San Sebastian for Tolosa. To-morrow he goes to Pampeluna, after that to Sarragosa, and then, I am told to Madrid. What a pity it is that our Government have not had a small ship of war at Passages during the late events. Ido not mean to protect British interests or subjects, thank Heaven ! that is unnecessary here, but the French Government always have a ship of war here, and we ought to act upon this general principle, that where the French have a naval force, however small, we ought to confront it in all ways with another. PAYMENT OF THE CATHOLIC PRIESTHOOD. At tbe dedication of the Catholic Church of St. Ni cholas Without, at Dublin, recently, the following opi nion on the subject of the Catholic clergy receiving pay ment was delivered. It differs in toto from the opinion we have expressed, but we still adhere to what we have written : The Rev. Dr. Miley, in allusion to the project of a State provision for the Catholic Clergy, spoke as follows :—" What wonder is it that the plan to degrade a Church like this, which is not only deliberately set forth by statesmen, but eagerly discussed by the newspaper press, should incite some feeling like indignation ? It is ascertained, it seems, that Ireland is still the difficulty, and that to remove this only obsta cle to the establishment of an oligarchy to the supersed ing of our glorious Constitution, it is indispensable to degrade the Irish clergy in the estimation of the coun try, by persuading or compelling them to become the paid servants of the State. But shall this plan succeed ? If my station in the Church were not obscure as it is, I should be ashamed to ask or to debate this question ; but as it seems to urge for some reply, the humbler and more insignificant the respondent is the better. Again, then, shall this scheme succeed ? Never ! never ! shall the independence of this glorious Church be bartered or sold ; because in the first place, our venerated hierarchy have solemnly reprobated such a project; secondly, be cause the clergy and the faithful have rejected it again and again with indignation ; thirdly, it shall not succeed, because it is opposed to the uniform principles of the Holy See—because it is subversive of Christianity ; and finally, because it is high treason against the common weal. It was by the evil genius of Ireland, Lord Cas tlereagh, that this project was first proposed in the dis astrous year of 1799, when, like the hide of an immo lated victim, the country lay bleeding at his feet, and suffering from the famine and pestilence which ever bang on the steps of war. But our venerable hierarchy, as sembled in Dublin on the 14th September, 1808, re solved, that we neither seek nor desire any other earthly consideration for our spiritual ministry to our respective flocks, save what they may, from sense of religion and duty, voluntarily afford us. This resolution was so lemnly reaffirmed in 1810 in the address of the prelates to the clergy and laity of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland. The Bill embodying sueh a provision, al though earnestly recommended by Monsgr..Quara? - totti, was rejected by the clergy and by the faithful, in various meetings held in Dublin , Cork , Limerick, Kil kenny, and Louth. In a matter of such notoriety, to quote further evidence of the detestation with which the idea of a pension was received, is "so superfluous, that I hasten to conclude this point by the testimony of the Augustine of the Church of Ireland, when before the British Senate in 1825 :—‘ If,' says Doctor Doyle, ' the Prelates approve of a provision e manating from the Treasury—if the Ministers of Christ were to be paid by the Ministers of State, for dispensing the mysteries of God—in that case, I would not create dissensions amongst them ; but sooner than my hand should be soiled by it, I would lay down my office at the feet of him who conferred it ; for, if my hand were to be stained with Government money, it should never grasp a ero zirr, nor should a mitre be ever afterwards fitted to my brow.' As to the faithful people of Ireland, although they longed ardently for the advent of liberty, mil ' whenever she pr esent e d herself with a dowry f rom the purse of Judas , they lilted up their hand s , h eavy with chains, to reje ct her, and cordially as they exu l t at pre sent to find themselves within the temple o f t h e consti tution, they would pre fer to bid an etern a l a di eu to i ts portals, rather tha n see a priesthood c overe d w i t h the glories of fourteen centuries degraded into rude hirelings of State." —Tr mean s Jcurnal. INCENDIARISM.—On the night of Friday last, an outbuilding on the farm of Mr. Wickham, of Rowde, was set fire to and entirely consumed. On the same evening an outbuilding on the farm of Mr. Self, of that -village, was also set on fire. From the situation of these buildings there can be no doubt but that the fires were the work of an incendiary , —Wiltshire Independent. MORNING SUN SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE DAILY I . .4PERS OF YESTERDAY. G L OBE.—The following remarkable paragraphs appear in the Post of this morning, and, we suppose, are to be assumed as proceeding from some source con nected with the party in power . " Whatever uneasiness or displeasure it may occasion , to Radical writers, we still retain, and still think it right.. to declare, our opinion that they who affirm that any existing law ought not to be obeyed, but ought to be, resisted, deserve punishment for every such public; affirmation. And if 'this be true generally, the truck becomes particularly pressing and urgent when the law which men are recommende to resist is of very high importance, and is from its very nature one about wkich popular passion is extremely liable to be excited. The law which imposes a graduated scale of duties upon the import of foreign corn, is that which some Radical writers publicly excite the people to resist ; and when they are taken to task for co doing, they maintain that they are right in counselling resistance to the law." " If the -Government be mare anxious for the praise of being called Liberal,' than for the protection of rational liberty, it is easy to see why this should be permitted to go on ; but if the Government do its duty it will put the law in force, in order to punish those , who print and publish that the law ought to be resisted. Regulated liberty can only exist in proportion as the law is respected. 'They who resist it are the enemies of liberty, and they who allow resistance to the law to be openly inculcated, when they might prevent or punish such inculcation, do not protect the liberties of the people as they ought." Fifteen y ears back or so, we happen to remember that the Quarter & Review had a sort of lucid interval. of Liberalism, during which it exclaimed, " Let thc7 aristocracy look &Arc they leap!" So say we to Sir Robert Peel. We advise him to look before he leaps ; and to employ part of that time, which be has given himself so liberally, in deliberating whether State prosecutions will prep up the Corn-laws. There is no doubt that direct incitements to re sistance of any the worst law are punishable ; but we are not aware that such incitements are put forth against the Corn-laws. We should like the Post to quote the: puelications to which it alludes. We do remember, indeed, direct incitements of resistence to the law, not. meey years back ; but those did noe proceed from tie Anti-Corn-law League. We remember exhortations to the people to take up arms ; and no obscure recom mendations to inflict violence on public functionaries. We remember that those recommendations took effect. in disturbance of order, destruction of property, and violence to persons. We are not aware that any such effects, traceable to such causes, can even be asserted against the agitation far repeal of the Corn-laws. Yet the Tories, through their organs and their tools, were themselves the abettors of the first of these agitations, which threatened resistance to law by torte of arms, and actually made that resistance, unreprcrved by their Tory allies. When and where have the patty of Trade and Industry done this ? There is nothing mew in the Tories reverting suddenly to the old ex-oflici'o course, after abusing their opponents for putting thee law in force under more urgent circumstances. More than a century back they employed precisely analogous to ctics. STANDARD.—It is stated in a Morning Joe real favourably disposed to the pclitical Roman Catholic party, that the Roman Catholic Bishops are preparing- A petition or demand for an increase of the grant tv MaynOoth, and it is further surmised in the same journal that it this petition or demand prove unsuc cessful, the 'present grant aid be no longer accepted. The principle of the grant bring admitted by the Legislature, cannot be affected by the more or less of 'limey granted, and the increase is therefore an open question, all other circumstances apart ; but if it be presumed to ask for more money for the Maynooth establishment, surely the demand must be preceded by a satisfactory explanation of the expenditure already made. If it can be shown that the State has been allowed the fair control ever the system of education at Maynooth, promised to it at the foundation of the establishment, and if the college can point to the success of its system in pi e ducing a class of good Christians and good citizens:, nice scruples will not prevent the extension of the means of so loyal and beneficial an institution. If, oth the other hand, the Roman Catholic Bishops must confess that all State control has been inge niously evaded, and that the produce of the college are but a corps of political agitators and repealers, their demand will come with an ill grace, and their surrender of the (present grant will be cheerfully accepted. It is plain that something must soon be done in the matter, and the Roman Catholic Bishops seem to prove by their present movement a conviction that inquiry can be 119 longer postponed. COURIER.—The " great plenipotentiary" Elliot has at length crept back, as we see, a disgraced official, into this country. His Whig employers were at last forced to remove him from his large salary, and deprive him of the means of any longer disgracing by his incapacity, and retarding by his vacillation, British interests and British progress in China. His country might forgive him for having been so repeatedly duped and humbugged by the stalest devices which the threadbare trickery of Chi nese imposture could practise on the most childish intel lect. A man may be deceived with the best intentions, and his country could not undertake to supply him with better brains than his Maker had given him ; but " Eugland expects that every man shall do his duty," and we think that the discarded Plenipotentiary will soon be taught by the averted glance, and the cold sa lute, the contempt felt here towards a public officer, who has so discredited his mission, his country, and himself. We wish not, however, to break this poor butterfly upon a wheel. Let him sneak out of the country as soon as ha can, and we assure him we would not have wasted our ink on him were if not for the pur pose of noticing one of those odd coincidences, that, by occasionally happening, call to mind the old adage of misery makes us acquainted with strange bedfellors. It appears that Sir Gord on B remer h as arr i ve d i n this country along with Elliot—th a t th e y h ave tra velled together many t h ousan d m il es—that they h ave been shipwrecked t oget h er ; and, i n a word, have b een in one another's companyto coue so pi lon t g he tb n a s t m t e he of fri t e h n e ds on o e f Elliot begin always with that of the other. Does the wretched incapacity of the Whig incubus presumeao shelter itself for a moment beneath the mantle of that distinguished officer, whose services ,are still fresh in the mi n ds of his grateful coun trymen ? As well might the mongrel cur be coupled with the noble staghound, as aught of Elliot joined with Sir Gordon. We remember right well, and so doesihis country, that by Sir Gordon Bremer, at the beginning of this year, the forts of the Bocce Tig ris were captured, and all the defences of Canton anal 1- lated, which the lolly of Elliot alone prevented our troops from immediately occupying. tY NEWS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF MONEY IIiARKET and C HERALD.—A meetine• for the purpose papers as having been held in that city 1 to be styled the ITIar"DAT t Dublin capital of one mil lion," London and Dublin Bank," with a theprospectus laid of establishing a new Joint-stock increase. From this not to and power of that is before the meeting, it appears cl - to diminish the ' • calculate s to r c e k po j r 3 reported in recen bank of issue, a provision chance of runs on occasions o f sudden panic. The only teetota ni b ll • 0. societies to curious conceit of turning of banking ; for, it is ac count as a leading element ros prospectus, " thebenefitial i s gravely observed in the other notable feature about this banking prcject is the societies in promoting order celiarly expedient time for and industry, ofsuch bank.lf it were deemed the establishment catch the disciples of Father M politic to set a trap to , b • it 'a tluenceeftl ie it would surely haye been as wellto bait with thew: fender temperance thisP are . , , . , t h e sign of the te m perance 1 I who presided, mad. some judi c i ous observations on the deficiency of banking capital in Ire as compared with population , territorial extent, and bank. Lord Mountcasle , Ire land, facilities. By banking capital, solid money capital is of course to be understood ; for if capital were to be represented by bank issues of a credit circulation, it is quite clear from past experience that there n ee d b e, would be, no more stint or want of that sort of capital in Ireland than there is now and has been in the United iSntadt,essi)iteTohte.lcannirbi(emsnongqiinaetsiit)ir of th, A a i t r l . re o la .c ed on i n s er now, that state of industrial and agricultural progression, which, as it calls for the extensive employment' of more capital, so does it afford the best security for its invest ment. From the number and respectability of the par ties attending and taking an active part in this meeting it may be hoped. and would seem tolerably certain in deed, that the project will lie carried into effect without much delay. CHRONICLE. —We regret to find in the columns of a paper so well informed and respectable as the COHr rier Francais, very illiberal views regarding the financial embarrassments of this country. After alluding to the lean which the Bank of England received from the Bank of France in 1839, and observing that sonic people. even then, from a species of intuitive distrust, were of opinion that the accommodation should have been re fused, the Courtier Francais states that its conductors• 31 1 ' Oic