The Sun. — London, England, 1841-08-21 00:00:00

. MOrt.NrliTtr4r -F4144 .fig._.. to the revenue officers, ho were admitted only into a few houses. The' questiOn of the census was still the principal topic of the press in Paris. Government had ordered an in terptetation of some points of this question to be inserted lit the opposition Paris Papers. Tumults' continue hrtiaking out in the south. AtAubusson, and - Livenhae, they had been put down by the military. • H. PARIS, AUG. I9.—Five per Cents., 1161- ; Three per Cents., 7':f. 50c. ; Spanish, 2U4. FRENCH. AFRICA. ter;, The news from Algiers of the 10th is unimportant. Between 600 and 800 individuals, belonging to the tribe r , of the Medgiers, bad made their submission to the Go- Yernor-GeneraL ry The power of Abd-el-Kader is represented to be on 7 ; the decline, and great preparations were making for a fresh campaign against him. It was said he had sued •,, for peace., and that he had received for answer that the first condition of the treaty must be his being embarked for France. . . : A French squadron had arrived on July 1, at Tunis, ,4 ; where it was expected to remain many months. After a .coriference which the Commander had with the Bey, the 1 4 „1„, garrison of La Goulette had been increased from 1,200 bn„ to 6,000. If supported by France, the Bey was su p - Itr, 9 d i psCd to be able to resist any attacks from t he Ottoman •rt o . ) % Ode, as he had a regular army of 15,000 men, a good 1) ;/ „ . „; artillery, and could command a multitude of armed 146 BedouiAs. • , • SPAIN. The accounts from _Andalusia, received in Madrid on the 12th instant, led to apprehend that disturbances would shortly occur at Malaga; Seville, and Grenada. It was believed that the Government would demand ex traordinary. powers from the Legislature before the cloSe of the session. From Madrid we learn that there is every proba .- lenity of an outbreak between Sp ain and Portu g al. A letter from Lisbon of the 7th had been shown to Espartero on the 12th, purporting that a politi cal and religions crusade against Spain was getting up at Lisbon. 'At the same time the Spanish Government is in a state of great apprehension from other quarters. Tt was expected that tumults would shortly break out in all the great towns of Andalusia. At Valencia the Ultra-Liberals were discontented with Espartero's answer to the Queen's protest, and many 'murders have'been committed. Spain seems threatened with a new revolution. The •Republicans and Ultra- Liberals intend framing a new Constitution, and esta blishing a. federal Peninsular Government,- to include Portugal•and Spain. The negnciations relative to the loan of 60 millions, of. reals have as yet been attended with no result. Madrid Bourse.—Five per Cents., 241 / at 60 days. GERMANY. The Cofagne Gazette of the 16th announces the failure of the firiii.of . Thomayer mid Co., of Vienna, and adds 'that several commercial failures had also occurred in Trieste: The Gazette of ~ Upper Germany states, under date Silesia, 2d inst., that the corn trade was particularly brisk in that'province, and that wheat had increased 40 per cent. on account of large orders from England. SOME EFFECTS OF THE MANU FACTURING SYSTEM. (No. I.) TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Manchester, August 17. Sin,—So much has of late been said by the TOry. journals about the frightful effects of our, manufacturing system, that you will allow me, I hope, to make a few observations per contra. I by no means intend to point' out all its effects, but merely a few which have struck me, and which are . likely to interest the public., At present, as you are well aware, Manchester is far from prosperous ; and many of the labouring classes, particularly the hand-loom weavers, are in a most piti able condition. I am assured by those who have known Manchester many years that within their memory trade was never so bad as at present, nor distress so great. At the same time it is a remarkable circumstance, that this distress does not obtrude itself on our notice in the hateful form of squalid street beggary. You see groups of people in the streets with their hands in their pockets; they are waiting for work to be given out, or they have nothing to do. They present the lamentable spectacle of willing and strong hands ready to be employed, and no man wants them. You see a very striking feature . of '•society here, hosts of working men discussing subjects i of n the street in the middle of the day, and at all hours the day ; and if you press in among those groups you find' that the topics are either political or religious. There is a want of work and a want of wealth, and there is intellect in operation reasoning on the cause of it ; but these are no beggars. I have seen more beggars in one short hour in your prosperous metropolis than I have seen in Manchester, though I have walked much about the street. in three days. This is a very curious fact, and the explanation ap pears to me honourable :to the people and the system. On mentioning the subject to a friend, he accounted for it by the vigilance of the police, and the care of the mu nicipal authorities. But in other places mendicity societies a vigilant police, and the utmost care of the magis trates do not suffice to extinguish street beggary. I am, therefore, persuaded that the power not the will of the authorities is much overrated, and that unless the correction of the evil sprung from the manners of the people, it would be impossible by any coercive means, in a season of great distress like the present, to prevent much street beggary. The ministers at the Anti-Corn law Conference, have afforded a much more satisfactory solution of the difficulty. Not one only, but several of them, whose congrega tions are composed of manufacturers, have borne a de lightful and a strong testimony to the independent spirit, a the, working population, and their kindhearted ness to one another. The records of the Poor-law Com missioners attest the fact, that in the manufacturing dis tricts the Poor-rates, especially in Manchester and Liverpool, never reached the same pitch as in the southern agricultural districts. The hand-loom weavers and others of the suffering classes, though they have now been exposed to great privations for many years, have never had their independent spirit broken down by Paying wages out of rates, or establishing a general system of pauperism, such as. that which ;as depraved so. shockingly the peasantry of England. Even now, after struggling in vain against the system which bears them down as ruthlessly, as the Indians were extirpated by a different and a stronger race, the hand-loom weavers seek relief in emigration, rather than in the poor-house. Here the poorer classes have yet some power as well as the will to help each other, and it is much to their honour that you see not scores of beggars, who, as I know, render the agricultural districts of the South neither.a pleasant nor safe abode. Has this independent spirit no connection with cotton spinning or with that go-ahead system which prevails here, and which some persons are anxious to check ? For many years the new trades which arose and in creased—(and I shall hereafter call your attention to a remarkable and very recent instance of this)—de minded new hands, and till our fiscal regulations stopped the growth of our manufactures, gave the la bourers here an advantage in relation to capitalists, and enabled them to command high wages, if not their own terms. No such demand has existed for the services of agriculturists. On the contrary, the demand for their services has been lessened ; they have in consequence been completely at the mercy of the farmer and the landowner, which has contributed even more than bad laws to their permanent degradation. The comparative want and comparative plenty of employment in the con ditions of society are necessary and permanent. The prosperity of the manufacturing artizans made them re gard that relief as a degradation which the peasantry, from its being mixed up with their wages, considered to be a right as honourable as the receipt of rent or tithes. That prosperity, too, was the parent of the spirit of in dependence, and the main element of that resistance which they now offer to the degradation which impends over them, and enables the Magistrates to prevent ex tensive beggary. But for this noble disposition of the people, which raises, as one of the Dissenting minis ters at the Conference said, our estimate of human nu ture, Manchester would in such a season of distress as the present probably be worse than London, and as bad as Ireland. The peasantry, so idolized by the Tories, were not exposed, in 1829 and 1830, to one-half the pri vations which now afflict the population of the manufac turing districts, and they were hurried into ill-concocted, and stupid, baseless, incendiary riots. These facts are cor roborated by the Report of the Hand-I om Weavers' Com mission ; and they suggest—which is a cheering view, . as our corn and manufacturing population seem destined to increase —that the manufacturing system may pos sibly teem with similar moral results.,he manufaT ith cturih is ng labourer, for example, continually associates w fellows, and his sympathies are continually exercised. Ile works with another, and both are mutually and visi bly dependent and serviceable. Throughout the great community it is palpable to all, and no individu al pro ably occupied for an hour, if other branches are arrested, and other individuals cease to labour. The mutual de pendence of individuals who, in the same factory, pass one piece of work from one to another, to complete it, is not more palpable and certain than the mutual and re ciprocal dependence of the machine-maker, the cotton spinner, and the dyer. Circumstances like these make the manufacturing population mindful of the feelings of each other, and Prompt to respect them, which is the very essence and sum of moral civilization. It practi cally teaches the lesson of doing to others as you would be done unto. The peasant more frequently labours in silent solitari ness than in company. Driving a cart , mending a hedge, holding a plough or a harrow, he is alone, and has no opportunity of communicating with his fellow-men. His sympathiesare not called into exercise through the greater part of the day . : he is, then, an approximation to a solitary savage, independent of all but his oxen and his horses : he can fulfil his allotted task, as far as he sees, though another be idle. Hence the agricultural labourer is less acquainted with the feelings of others, and more essentially selfish than the manufacturer. Division of labour, which is one of the chief causes of the prograss of civilization, or at least invariably accom pauses it, is carried much further in manufactures than in agriculture. Mutual kindness is t he consequence of • mutual dependence, and both nations and individuals I ecome peaceful and friendly as they help each other. Where many men are at work, order is an essential ele m t success, and the manufacturer carries the order which he learns in the workship into all his affairs. In creasing as the manufacturing population still is, and increase it must if England is to continue pre-eminent, it is pleasing to trace causes at work which tend to make Vie manufacturing population, however formidable to its oppressors from numbers and organization, less selfish, less disorderly, less violent, and less ferocious than the peasantry. When the latter submit with patience, while they have a consciousness of power, to the same terrible privations as the band-loom weavers, and still struggle for independenee„there will be reason to betme ffiat this • theory is in6oriect. Some of your Contemporaries, I am aware, speak of this dependence of man or Men arising from division of labour, and still more,- they speak of the Opendence of •mari_on the machinery he uses, as a great moral degra-.. dation. The results contradict their assumption, and in moral worth as well as manual skill the manufac turers, practising new arts, are superior to the peasantry. They are the servants, I admit, of machinery, but the machinery is the result of mind, and the servitude, rightly understood, is that of physical power to intellect. A machine is in all cases the substitute for manual labour. It; is the product of cool calculating wisdom, the crea tion in moments of deep thought, which in antiquity was exiled inspiration, of such far-sighted men as Roberts, Whitworth, and Dyer ; , it substitutes, therefore, the de liberation of the sage for the capricious, and may-be t - ornetimes the drunken, irregularities of the hasty la bourers. While the hand varies in intensity and skill, the mind-begotten machine is invariable and perfect in its operations. Whatever it is appropriated to perform that it does excellently. In subjecting, therefore, the workman to the operations of machinery, and making him depend on that, it makes him the servant of the noblest intellect with which God has endowed his creatures. _ _ You will remark, too, that the inventors and makers of this machinery become also its servants. It is the off spring of their best and earliest wisdom, the result of their most profound researches, and whatever the pas &oa or the caprice of the moment might dictate, they are compelled to guide their conduct by the creations of their own mind in its brightest. moments. They cannot get rid of their machinery, and are quite as much slaves to it as their workman. _ To me, Sir, this opens a very grand view of society. which, as far as I know, has not sufficiently attracted public attention. The workman in the manufacturing district is the slave, to use the Tory slang. of machinery; but the workman in the agricultural districts, the soldier and the sailor, the bulk of manual labourers, ~are the slaves, or the servants of capricious men. They are governed by passion and uncertainty. Machinery works with something of the regularity of nature, and they' Who serve it serve at least a steady master. The more machinery is increased, therefore, the more intellect, which creates machinery, becomes the guiding and rul ing power of all the operations of man's hand. The use of machinery is extending even in war, and slaughter cannot be carried on without serving intellect. This process, then, is. general in society. More and more; year after year, does man become the servant of that mind-begotten machinery which works with unerring pre cision, and more and more is he liberated from the domi nion of passion and caprice. The phrase, therefore, that man is a slave td machinery, means that he is the ser vant of the highest human intellect, and that its rule over society, as the use of machinery extends, becomes every day . greater and greater. There is another moral consideration connected with this subject, to which I must also advert. It places pro • digious power at the command of man, without increasing his arrogance. An eloquent writer has very inadequately compared a steam-engine to an elephant's mouth, which can rend an oak or pick up a pin. The machinery we use here sets in motion a fly-wheel, for example, which would crush a score of elephants, were they to come within its range. .It spins a gossamer thread which an elephant could not see, and pierces iron plates which an elephant could not lift, with as much ease as a boy thrusts a pin . through a card. I have seen under the same roof an instrument cutting iron as though it were putty, and an instrument taking up the stitches in knitting, with as much dexterity and neatness, and with infinitely greater velocity, than a German lady. The strongest metals are dealt with as a housewife deals with pastry, working it into an endless variety of curious shapes, to ornament her dishes. But neither those who create, nor those who wield .the power, have any of that arrogance with which much less power inspires, even to madness, those who work by strong will, by passim., and caprice. Machinery is fixed, and each piece will in general perform but one operation. It is made by one man, and used by another. Each piece is part of a great system, and the man who makes or who uses it is no more made arrogant by it, than by the knowledge that he is an atom of the universe. In fact, it rather humbles than exalts a man to be made sensible of his single helplessness, whatever may be the power of the many in combination. The sublime inventions of man's intellect, which are here crowded together in millions, seem calculated, like the works of nature, rather to inspire that sentiment of hu mility which is the basis of piety, than the arrogance which is, I believe, more common to theologians than mechanics. From the moral effects of machinery on the mind, I account for the forbearance and endurance of these people. Comparing their works with those of the peasants, they seem more like gods than men ; and were not their wonderful power diffused and distributed as it is, not accompanied by those beneficial influences I have pointed out, society woull be speedily rent asunder, instead of being bound together in harmonious order by their continual multiplication. There are not wanting, indeed, amongst those who assume to be the lights and guides of society, writers who labour to depreciate and vilify the manufacturing system, and the new society which belongs to it. But, after this brief exposition of some only of its effects, I may be permitted to say that those writers have never taken the pains to inquire into it. Whether they err through frivolity or malignity,—through ignorance or spite,—whether they belong to the Gibbies or to the " savagery" of the press,—whether called Table-talkers or Quarterly Reviewers,—whether they belong to the Rosa Matilda or the Tomahawk school,—they have only fluttered and stamped over the surface of sense and things, and have 'never penetrated to the valuable ore beneath. They have talked most idly, or most wickedly, of destroying half our towns, and of the community being as prosperous, powerful, and wealthy, without them, from having just seen some of their exterior or temporary characteristics, while they have known no thing of their independence, their kindness, their power, their humility, and their endurance. Those who under lake to instruct others must, as a principle of trade. never acknowledge that they have anything to learn ; and I am afraid your Tory Contemporaries, who have of late been forward in vilifying the manufacturing sys tem, from a mere party motive, will continue blind to its many advantages.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, AN OLD TRAVELLER. BRITISH IRON COMPANY. The following Circular, addressed to each Proprietor► has been sent to us for insertion ; and though we profess to know little of the actual condition of this unfortunate Company, and the statements come only from one side, yet looking at the vast property which has been sunk in the concern, we think it a duty to publish it. Most of the financial statements have been omitted, but enough is given to show that the affairs of the Company require the serious consideration of the Proprietors:— Castle court, Budge-row, London, August 19, 1841. Sir,—The Directors of the British Iron Company, in their Circular convening a Special General Meeting of the Proprietors, to be held on the 26th August, for the purpose of taking into consideration and deciding upon a Resolution " That the British Iron Company be dis solved," have stepped out of their way in the concludinc , paragraph, in order that they mi g ht be off ensive to the Requisitionists, for the dissolution of the Company, and mislead the Shareholders. The Trustees of the United Shareholders will on the present occasion content themselves with simply stating that it was not a great majority who appointed the par tisan Committee now sitting, but a miserable minority, consisting of twenty-eight out of a meeting of two hun dred. Mr. Horsley Palmer has repeatedly stated that he was a most unfit person to be a Director of the British Iron Company ; and the manner in which the Directors of this Company upon all occasions act. proves that his 61- leagues are equally unfit with himself. In all Com panies, where the Directors understand their duties, it is an invariable rule that whenever they convene a special general meeting, in consequence of receiving a requisi tion, that, without making any remark, they send to each Proprietor an exact copy of the requisition, with the signatures thereto, and insert the clause in the deed of settlement which empowers them to call the meeting ; they do not garble the requisition ;--they do not insert in their circular, statements which are offensive and un founded ;—they do not, when the signatures are few, insert the names of the requisitionists, with the number of shares held by each ;—neither do they, when the sig natures are numerous, respectable, and influential (as is the case with this requisition), totally suppress the names and numbers ! The Directors gain nothing by this conduct, because it compels the united Shareholders to correct their mis statements, and to expose their motives. Taking the result of the " past management of the Di rectors as the best guide for the future, it will be evident to every Shareholder who w ill give the matter his atten tive consideration, that unless " The British Iron Com pany be dissolved," in the course of a few years inevit able ruin will fall upon the Company, and the private property of every Shareholder will be in jeopardy, by the liabilities and debts entailed upon them by the present system of management. This picture of impending ruin is neither suggested by the prejudices of the United Shareholders, nor caused by their distrust and want of confidence in the Directors, but is the result of a very careful investigation of the voluminous Reports issued by the Directors in May, 1841 ; and which Reports you will find, if you will take the trouble to examine them, prove, that under the management of Mr. Larpent and Mr. Horsley Palmer, and the other Directors, the total loss sustained by the British Iron Company in fifteen years, amounts to 954,2501., and the simple interest on the paid-up capital, 753,0771., making in the whole the sum of ONE MILLION SEVEN HUNDRED AND SEVEN THOUSAND THREE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-SEVEN POUNDS which has been lost ! ! From the statements made by the Directors concern ing the value and capabilities of the several mines, es tates, and properties of the Company, the Trustees of the United Shareholders have no hesitation in declaring, that they ought to have been extremely productive ; and they are reluctantly driven to attribute the enormous loss of the Company's funds to the gross mismanagement and total incompetency of the Directors, which fact, if anything beyond their own Report is required, can be substantiated, by reference to the opposite results which have arisen from a different system of management, dur ing the same period of time, to the Baileys, the Craw shays, the Guests, and the other great iron-masters throughout England, all of whom have made princely fortunes, whilst the Directors of the British Iron Com pany have lost, including interests on capital, nearly two millions ! ! The Trustees of the United Shareholders having taken every possible means to make themselves fully ac quainted with the present position and future prospects of the Company, are fully convinced that the only safe and judicious course left for the Proprietors, is to at tend the special general meeting, to be held on the 26th of August, at the London Tavern, and to support the • resolution, " That the British Iron Company be dis- THE PUN, salved," by which they will put an end to their lasses —pay their debts—and divide 'fIIIRTIONE PO 1.Y.N15 . , PER, SIIARE—if the valuation Contained - in the pirec- . tors' Report prove true: It is, however, a duty that every Proprigt9r,„pwes to himself and his co-partners, .prior. to tkiKnate i tiing to .peruse with the .utruo--4 attention, the I 4 . orts of; liay, 1841, whereby he will become acquainted with 'the ex tent of the ruin produced by the past management iof the Directers, as admitted in their own Report, and which it is more than probable, shows not all, nor tells ; the worst. In order that the 'United Shareholders may be prepared to act upon a plan well digested, and well organised; on the 26th of August, so that they may be enabled to carry into effect the great of they have at heart for the be nefit of the Proprietors, a preliminary meeting of the Shareholders will be held at twelve o'clock, on Wednes day, the 25th of August, at the LDndon Tavern, to decide upon the best. and most proper course to be adopted, at which meeting your attendance is earnestly requested. JAMES BAILEY, Hon. Sec. FO UAPEN.N Y BOATS.-- TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. trust that. you will make known to the public the following gross outrage. It is one which I learn is constitntly being practised. Yesterday morning, at about a quarter past eight, I had occasion to proceed towards the West-end, and crossing London Bridge from the Surrey side, I perceived that a steam-let was about starting. I paid my fare, and the boat did start, but in stead of proceeding to its destination, the captain giving the word " Go on," she wiis steered to the other side of the bridge, safely moored, when all the men, captain in cluded, went below to their breakfast. I was .told the vessel would start in half an hour ; , being pressed for time I demanded back my money, but was refused, and told to wait. Now, Sir, Ido think that this is conduct that should not be tolerated in a public company. I therefore trust that you will, through the medium of your paper, expose such improper conduct., I am, Sir, your obedient servant, S. A., Jr. Southampton-street, Elistori•sqUare, Aug..2o, 1841. FINE ARTS. BURFORD'S PANORAMA OF JERUSALEM: This painting was exhibited for a private view yesterday; it is a clever specimen of the art, indeed it may rank among the best panoramas that Mr. Burtbrd has produced. The drawings, it seems, were taken from the terrace of the house of the Aga, or Governor of Jerusalem; and the view from this elevation is most comprehensive, embracing nearly the whole of the important stations mentioned in Scripture, and a vast as semblage of monasteries, mosques, domes, mina rets, &c., which sparkle under the rays of an Eastern sun, with extreme splendour. Imme diately in front of the spectator, towards the South, stands the beautiful mosque of Omar, oc cupying the site of the Temple of Solomon, and resembling, from its curious style and variety of gay colours, an immense piece of Mosaic work, the rugged summits of stony and unfruitful hills appearing behind, with a portion of the Dead Sea in the distance, inclosed by lofty and majes tic mountains. As a whole, the panorama is one of the most interesting and picturesque that has appeared for some years. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, FRIDAT.—The Queen and Prince Albert visited Adelaide Lodge this morning, and .her Majesty and his Royal Highness walk e d i n th Park. Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal has been taken airings twice to-day. In the afternoon Prince Albert, attended by Colonel Wylde, left the Castle on horseback for a ride. The Earl and Countess of Albemarle, and Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston, arrived to-day at the Caitle, on a visit to the Queen. At one o'clock this evening, her Majesty, attended by the Duchess of Bedford and the Lady Caroline Somers Cocks, rode out in a pony carriage and four. In another carriage and four were the Earl of Fingal and Colonel Buckley. The Hon. James Howard left the Castle with the Royal party on horseback. Mr. George Edward Anson will have the honour of joining the Royal circle at the Castle at dinner this evening._ _ _ Her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the Princess Royal, are all in the enjoyment of excellent health. The Queen will hold a Privy Council at two o'clock this afternoon at Windsor Castle. His Royal Highness Prince George of Cambridge left his residence in St. James's Palace, at nine o'clock yesterday morning, for Dublin, to rejoin his regiment. His Royal Highness dined with the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge on Thursday evening at Kew, and after wards returned to town. A Committee of the Lords of her Majesty's Most Ho nourable Privy Council held a meeting yesterday after noon in the Council Chamber to take into consideration the grant of Charters of Incorporation to Sheffield, North Shields, South Shields, and Huddersfield. The Lords present were the Lord President, the Secretary of State for the Home Department, the Chief Commissioner of the Woods and Forests, the President of the Board of Trade, and the Chief Secretary for Ireland. Their Lordships assembled at two o'clock, and sat in deliberation until five o'clock. Mr. Nugent, Mr. Brown, and Mr. O'Brien, delegates from the House of Assembly on the affairs of Newfound land, had an interview with Lord John Russell yester day, at the Colonial.office. The Duke of Richmond, Mr. Justice Coltman, Sir James Duke, Lieutenant-Colonel Rawdon (Coldstream Guards), and Mr. T. Duncombe, had interviews with the Marquis of Norrnanby yesterday at:the Home-office. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston left town yester day afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty at Windsor Castle. Mr. Crowder had an interview with Lord John Rus sell yesterday at the Colonial-office. THE REGISTRATION.—It should not be for gotten that Wednesday, August 25, will be the last day for leaving with the overseers objections to county electors. The Tories bestow much attention 6n those matters ; and the friends of Reform should not suffer themselves to be surpassed by their political adversaries. BRUSSELS, AUG. 18.—The average price of wheat last week was 22f. 92c., that of rye, 12f. 21c. THE CLERGY GONE GROUSE SHOOTING.-- With respect to the paragraph which we gave last, week, relative to the postponement of the funeral of a pauper at Bingham, for want of a clergyman to bury it, we can add that no less than five clergymen were applied to, all of whom were out, and could not be found.—Nottingham Review. SHOWER OF STONES.—On the evening of the 25th ult., during a violent storm, which was felt at Na varre, Balbaita, and other parts of the country, a heavy cloud burst, and shed, as the Madrid Papers assert, an abundant shower of stones, which covered the ground for the space of a league and a half. Some of the stones are said to have weighed half a pound, injuring the cattle, and killing a great number of birds. This phenomenon, which was only a hailstorm, is, with the usual exagge • ration of the Spanish Papers, magnified into a miracle FATAL ACCIDENT.--Thursday morning, be tween six and seven o'clock, a fatal accident occurred to Henry Blizzard, thirteen years of age, the son of Mr. Blizzard, an Excise-officer, residing in Cornwall-road, New-cut, Lambeth. The unfortunate youth, in company with others, his companions, proceeded to the River Thames to bathe between Blackfriars and Waterloo bridges ; he got out of his depth, and from the strength of the current was drowned before any possible assist ance could be rendered him. At the Eton and Harrow cricket match last week a Mr. G. Bayley scored 152 runs off his own bat ! COMMISSION OF ASSEMBLY.—We under stand, from authority, that it is not the intention of those Members of the Church who adhere to the Protestation of 1)r. Cook at last General Assembly, to attend the special meeting of the Commission summoned for the 25th of August.—Edinburgh Courant. RAILWAYS AND FASTING.—It is rumoured that the proprietors of railways in Glasgow and Greenock are going to memorialize the General Assembly to ap point more frequent fast-days. This would only be giff-gaff The proprietors of the Glasgow and Greenock railway agreed to stop their trains on Sunday, to increase the number of church .attenders. The Assembly ought to make more fast-days, to increase the number of rail way passengers. Not fewer than 40,000 persons left Glasgow by the railwry last fast-day.—Scots paper. LORD MORPETH.—TO the Editor of the Dublin Monitor :—August 16, 1841. Sir, I see that a friendly correspondent in your paper has done me the honour to suggest that an Irish constituency should now return Lord Morpeth voluntarily and unsolicitedly.' I have had such recent experience of the extent of Irish kindness and generosity, that there is, perhaps, less pre sumption in supposing it possible that the hint might be acted upon ; and I am, therefore, constrained to repeat What I have already stated elsewhere, at it is an honour, gra tifyi ng ,however signal an d of whiph I should not be prepared to avail myself. I the' honour to he, Sir, your very obedient servant, MORPETH." It is singular that, while we have experienced such constant rains in this neighbourhood, tho weather in Skye and the other western islands (usually so very wet), has been remarkably dry and fine. So favourable a season has not been witnessed there for many years ; and one farmer (Mr. Smith, at Sconser) had the rare good fortune to cut, winnow, and stack an excellent crop of hay, without one drop of rain.—lnverness Courier. On a cold frosty morning an unfortunate seal- peen was late in his attendance at school, when he was severely reprimanded by his master. " Faith, Sir," said young Pat, "it was no fault of mine at all, at all. The road was so slippery, that every step I took forward was two backward." " Oh, you big blackguard, how can that be ? If you walked in that fashion, you never could be here by any means." "No more I could, Sir, and so I played the road a trick : I turned my back on the school, and made it believe I was going home again." THE CROPS AND THE WEATHER. —During the last fortnight, the Yorkshire Wolds have on the whole been favoured with a number of splendid days of fine and bristling breezes, weather highly favourable for bringing forward the crops. An extensive farmer who has just come across the country, reports the crops upon the Wolds to be very v oni i s i ng . The wheat crops, though small in the ear, appear le .y heavy and good. The oats are said to be excessively heavy. Several fields of wheat between Beverley and Drif field were cut last week, and in the course of ano'h' r week, s'iould fine weather continue, much more will bend beneath the scythe. The quantity of oats sown is very considerable, but the breath of barley is very slight.—York Courant. SATUR i ~~~~ ANTI-CORN-LA W CONFERENeg.- . - afANCIIESTEa, AUGUST' 19. -I The Chair was taken thisanorning at thti used hour • by Dr. Cox, and after a ShOrt address frtim the Chair man, the business of the day commenced. It was an nounced that all who were desirous to give evidence as to the present state of the country would be called, on : in the order in which - their. names were given in. The Chairman said that he was happy to communi cate to the meeting a gratifying piece of intelligence. It was this :--that a deputation was present from the workmen engaged in Messrs. Sharp and Roberts's esta blishment, machine-makers and engineers. One of the workmen came forward, and on the part of the deputation, read the folldwing address : " TO THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS OF , RELIGION, ASSEMBLED TO DISCUSS THE TARES ON FOOD. " We, the undersig ne d workmen in the employ of MesSrs. Sharp, Roberts, and Co.,* engineers and ma chine-makers, are desirous of respeetfutly 'addressing to the Conference our full concurrence in those Views of the injustice:of all laws which restrict the supply of food, and which have led to their meeting, and our admiration _of the courage and devotion to sound prineiples which have brought so many hundreds of Ministers from their usual retirement to meet in Conference upoh this vitally important and all-interesting, subject. " We have long been deeply convinced that the food monopoly is unjust, uti-Christian, and oppressive. Our situation as workmen; in a very large manufacturing establishment, has given us many opportunities of wit nessing its destructive influence on trade, although, oving to the peculiar position and extensive connexion of our respected employers, we have, not hitherto : (com paratively) suffered from its direful effects to the extent that others have ; yet our familiarity with the homes and circumstances of the working population in this town enables us to affirm that the amount of misery and want which the Corn-laws have produced among us is heart-rending and appalling. " We rejoice in all efforts to put an end to a system which we hold to be so wicked and demoralizing, and hail with peculiar satisfaction the present combined ex ertions of men whose frequent intercourse with the poor leads them to feel for their distress, and whose just in fluence in society adds weight to their sentiments. " We believe that ministers of religion cannot devote their talents and valuable time to more blessed or more important objects than in advocating the rights and ex posing the wrongs of their suffering fellow-men. We weleon3e.your assembly with heartfelt pleasure, we sym pathise with you in feeling, and we trust that your efforts will be, sustained in hopeful perseverance that more and more of your profession will soon feel constrained to join with you, and that a glorious success will ere long be your gratifying reward. " The prayers of many who are ready to perish are with you, and their blessings arc upon your endeavours to aid in procuring for them that share of the means of subsistence which was designed, and is provided by the Creator of all things. " We are with sincere respect, &c. &c., (Signed) " BENJAMIN FOTHERGILL, Chairman. "JOHN ALLEY Secretaries." "R. TENNANT [Signed by 614 workmen.) The next address was from the hand-loom weavers. It was received with every expression of sympathy. The Rev. Mr. ATKINS said he should wish to put a few questions to one of the deputation, and the first should be— What is the number of the hand-loom weavers ? Seven thousand. What is their condition ?—One-third of the whole are destitute. How do these live ?—That may be better imagined than described. What diseases prevail among them 2=--Fever and many others. What dwellings do they reside in ?—Cellars, without a blanket to cover them, or a vessel to boil their food. Many of them in this town I know had no food. yester day, and don't know where to get any to-day.--(Great sensation.) What is the opinion of these men as to the Corn-laws? —They attributed the evils of their condition chiefly to those laws. Would there, in your opinion, be any danger of these men joining illegal societies, if their condition was better . ? —No ; and whatever our sufferings have been, we have proved ourselves, I think, loyal subjects of our Sove reign.—(Loud cheers.) This poor man went on to say, that the wages of those employed was Is. a day for fourteen hours' labour; that in 1835, when corn was cheap, their wages were better than in any year since 1815; and though the introduc tion of machinery must have somewhat affected their wages, their opinion was that, but for the Corn-laws, they should never have sunk to the deplorable condition in which they now found themselves; that they were un able to attend places of worship, for the want of decent clothing, and could give no education to their children. • The Rev. Mr. ATKINS observed, that these men showed they had not only hearts to feel, but heads to think, and he rejoiced to have them as brethren.—(Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN said that as twenty-four clergymen were most anxious to speak, he should be obliged to limit each speaker to five minutes.—(Hear, and laughter.) The Rev. Mr. FORD said, on the part of the "New Connexion," that they did not participate in the refusal of the Wesleyan Methodists to attend this Conference-7. a refusal, his mind, which was disgraceful to those who gave it.—(Hear, and cheers.) The Rev. Mr. WATSON bore testimony to the fact, that a Deacon of his, who was agent for a large mercantile house 'in Belfast, told him that he was obliged to dismiss 1,000 persons within the last few months, and he had now but 500 in his employment. Dr. REDFORD said the part of the country frpm which lie came, Worcester, was remarkable for three branches of manufacture, needles and fishhooks, carpets, and leather gloves. The latter was in a most depressed state, those brought up to that trade being only half employed. He could further state that the earnings of the inch declined with the increased price of fbod. The Rev. Mr. BLAIR, of Dunfermline, entered into some details of the distress existing amongst the people of the district from which he came, and which was de ducible from the Corn-laws. The Rev. Mr. 1116DoucaLL, of Kilmarnock, said he had furnished answers to several questions which the Committee 'of Conference had addressed to him, and which lie would read to the meeting, together with the questions to which they referred. The Rev. Gentleman then read the lollowing paper, which we publish at length in this summary, believing that facts of this de scription are more important than mere speeches, how ever eloquent and interesting : Question I. Are the working-classes in your neigh bourhood generally well employed or otherwise ? 'State the average weekly wages paid, distinguishing between skilled and unskilled labourers.—Answer. At scarcely any sort of work is there constant employment, and at present there are in this place about 600 hand-loom weavers (besides other classes of workmen) quite idle. The average weekly wages are about Bs. ; but a few— and those a very few—of skilful, well-employed opera tives (such as gun sm i t h s , pr i nters , bl oc k-cutters, tanners, skinners, curlers, engineers, &c.) obtain from 154. to 20s. per week. Question 2. Has the' amount of their earnings been increased or diminish e d w i t hi n y o ur experience?—LAn swer. Decreased at least 25 per cent. within the last fourteen years, which is the period of my residence in this parish. Question 3. How have you found the demand for la bour to be affected by cheap or dear food ?—Answer. I am convinced that dear food has diminished the de mand for labour ; but have not the means of ascertain ing to what extent. Question 4. Have wages risen with the rise of the price of food and fallen with its fall, and in what pro portions ?—Answer. Wages have not risen with the price of food, nor fallen with its fall, but the contrary has taken place, although not in a degree so perceptible as can be stated with precision. Question 5. Is the condition of the labOuring popula tion, as a class, better or worse now, as compared with former periods within your experience ?—Answer. Greatly . worse. Question 6. What proportion do poor-rates in your parish bear to those of former periods ?—Answer. The poor rates have increased 75 per cent., and the popula tion about 10 per cent. since 1828. The following dates and sums are extracted from the parish records : Amount of assessment for the poor for 1828 £1,050 Ditto (for the first half-year) 1829 Ditto (for the last half-year) - GOO Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto • IB3B Ditto Ditto Ditto 800 0 Question 7. Refer to prison reports, and reports of infirmaries, 'dispensaries, and other charities, for statis tics of the state of crime, disease, and destitution in your neighbourhood now as compared with former periods.—Answer. Crime in Kilmarnock, although not of a very serious nature, was on the increase as the population increased ; but for the last two or three years it has been rather on the decrease. This decrease has, in part, been caused by the formation of the Temperance or Teetotal Society ; for a number of individuals who have become members, and who often made their appearance in the police court, are now leading a life quite different from that which they led before they joined the society. Disease and destitution have cer tainly increased very much within the last twelve months. It is believed that malignant or typhus fever never pre vailed so much in this town as it has within the last six months. Scarlet fever has also prevailed very much during the same time, and has been very fatal among the young. Indeed, such is the destitution among the lower classes that where fever enters into a family there is little chance of any of the members escaping being seized with it, from the almost total want of the means to provide the common necessaries of life, or to enable them to take the necessary steps for promoting cleanliness in their houses. Question 8. If your experience be in a rural district, state whether the wages' paid to agricultural labourers are regulated according to the number of their children? —Answer. In the rural districts in my neighbourhood wages are never paid in proportion to the number of la bourers' children. Question 9. What is the state of the middle classes in your district, such as the small traders ; and is their I condition improved or deteriorated now as compared with former periods within your experience ?—Considerably 10. Have you p erce i ve d any connec tion between rai°t(d. high 'Qu and. low-priced food, and an increase or diminution of the funds of your religious and bene- We understand the employers of these men are high Tories, and' have held various civic offices for many years previous to the grant at the late charter of incor poration. GUST ,01, 041, vo t in:stitutans'?,L : l6, I have observed a distinct con nection, and, of late, have been obliged to refuS'e many applications for collections to charitable and rcligiOus institutions, the great majority of my congregation being now barely able to support themselves. Question 11. Have. you , found any falling-off in the numbers of your congregation in consequence of the'di tress occasioned by the high price of feed ?--Answer. Many who a few years ago were respectable, and contri bated cheerfully and liberally to the funds of the congre gation, are now unable to pay seat rents; and numbers, in consequence of the want of decent apparel, who were regular in their attendance on ordinances, never appear in the church at all. - Question 12. Has there been any decrease in the at tendance of scholars at your Sunday Sehools, and if so, to what cause - do you attribute it?---Answer. The atten•- dance of the children of the humbler classes has greatly decreased; and, upon the, parents being visited by the teachers,. it was distinctly ascertained that a deficiency of suitable clothing was the cause. I find it to be the opinion ofthe most intelligent and' enterprising commer cial gentlemen in the locality, that the depression of trade and the gradual diminution of well-paid employment to the working classes is occasioned solely and entirely by the food monopoly. Several other Rev. Gentlemen laid before the meeting thany striking and interesting facts relating to the con dition of the labouring classes, and the share which the Corn-laws have had in producing their deteriorated con 7 dition, when the meeting separated. The following is a more full account than we crave yesterday of the proce e di ngs at th e mee ti ng on Wed'nes day evening. The Chairman resumed his seat shortly after four o'clock, by which time the hall was densely crowded in every • The Rev. Mr. THOMPSON, of Swansea, rose to move the first resolution—" That, influenced at once by feel ings of sympathy for the suffering poor, with whom their official duties bring them into daily contact, and by a deep interest in the success of that religion whereof they are ministers, this Conference feels itself only acting from a strong sense of duty in examining into the causes of the existing distress, and, after the example of the Sa viour himself, in employing its utmost influence to alle viate or remove it." The Rev. Mr. SPENCER seconded the resolution. He congratulated the conference on their proceedings up to that time. As ministers of religion they were bound to relieve distress. The Corn-laws produced distress ; there fore plainly it was their duty to oppose them. Pure reli gion, they were informed in the sacred writings, was to visit the poor and fatherless in their affliction, and what would they say of the man who would walk into the poor man's house, and, seeing the cause of his affliction and distress, would take no steps to remove them? None knew better than the Ministers of religion the cause of the misery prevalent throughout the land. That know ledge had brought together the powerful and influential assemblage he saw around him.—(Hear, hear.) Out of 144 hotiseholders which constituted his parish, 126 were in favour of free trade. The landowners thought them selves the .best judges of what was for the good of the country, and maintained that, as a class, they were best fitted to form a right opinion. Admitting that to be so, he would convict them out of their own mouths, for the landowners of the Continent and America, who were by far the larger number, united in condemning unani mously the existing Corn-laws.—(Hear, hear.) After showing the advantages that would flow to the country at large from a repeal of the Corn-laws, the Reverend Gentleman resumed his seat amidst loud cheers. After a few words from the Rev. Mr. PHILLIPS, of Liverpool, the resolution was put and carried unani mously. The Rev. Mr. FLETCHER intimated that, in addition to those who had already spoken, not fewer than fifty Mi nisters had been specially deputed by their congregations to address the conference. These gentlemen were natu rally anxious to fulfil the trust reposed in them, by lay ing before their brethren the facts which they had been requested to communicate and bearing upon the ques tion they had met to discuss. He would, in the name of the Committee, press upon the succeeding speakers the necessity of being as brief as possible in their state ments, as there was much business remaining to be transacted. It was contemplated to address her Ma jesty.—(Cheers.) That illustrious lady, as appeared by that day's Gazette, had appointed the Hon. and Rer. Baptist Noel one of her chaplains.--(Loud cheers, which were repeated again and again.) Besides that, a petition was to be drawn up and presented to Parliament.— (Cheers.) He would not say much about Parliaments then. They had a better Parliament there.—(Cheers and laughter.) They were also to prepare an address to the country—an address to every minister of religion —to every congregation—and, lastly, to the Methodist Conference. (Tremendous cheering.) There were 50,000 Methodists in the kingdom, and not a Methodist there. They must tell the people, and they would tell them.—(Loud cheers.) To-morrow would be devoted to the communication of facts and not speeches. They would prepare the documents which he had mentioned at the earliest possible period. The Rev. Dr. PAYNE, of Exeter, moved the next re solution. All protective duties were a blot upon their statute-book, and they should get them expunged as soon as possible.—(Hear, hear.) Only let the Govern ments of the world let science, and trade, and commerce alone, and they would thrive better than under their pro tecting care.—(Hear, hear.) He concluded by reading the resolution," That, in the face of the facts which have come under their notice in their own respective neigh bourhoods, no less than by statements laid before them, the Ministers composing this Conference cannot avoid the 'painful conviction that much of the wide-spread distress of the present time is attributable to provision laws, in asmuch as they limit the supply, and thereby, enhancing thetost of the common necessaries of life, fetter indus try, trepress enterprise, divert the legitimate employ ment of capital, and spread discontent and heart burning through the land." He denied that ministers were unable to grapple with and understand the prin ciples of political economy. Their habits of thought and'closo and consecutive reasoning, peculiarly titled them for its study. After recommending his brethren to render themselves still more conversant with that science,— The hey. Mr. HAnviE, of Glasgow, seconded the reso lution. The Reverend Gentleman read several state ments regarding the locality with which he was con nected. It appeared that there was a vast extent of suf fering, the consequence of which was a great and ra pidly increasing demoralization in the habits of the people. After some energetic remarks on the impor tance:of increasing, and indefatigable exertions in procur ing, an abolition of the Corn-laws, The CHAIRMAN put the resolution, and it was carried unanimously. The Rev. Dr. ErrcHlE, of Edinburgh, moved the next resolution to the following effect :—" That, be lieving the law of Almighty God, as revealed in his Word, ought to be in all cases the rule of human action, that any allowed deviation from it, either in individual con duct, or in the affairs of nations, must incur the Divine displeasure—a:li convinced that a monopoly in bread is anti-Christian in its principle, this Conference, while it seeks the abolition of the provision laws on other high and important grounds, more especially deprecates their continuance as a great national offence against that Being by whom kings reign, and princes decree justice." It afforded him great pleasure to address so immense and august an assembly. He had laboured for forty years for the abolition of slavery, and had happily lived to see the success of his efforts.—(Cheers.) The cause of hu manity was involved in the great question they were met to discuss. The Corn-laws must be abolished, and upon religious principles he protested against their longer con tin u ance.—(C h eers.) _ _ The resolution was seconded by the Rev. JEROME CLAPP, of Appledore, Devon, put from the Chair, and agreed to nem. con. The Rev. Mr. GILES, of Leeds, came forward amidst loud cheers to move the next resolution :- 44 That the laws which restrict the importation of the prime neces saries of life are, in the judgment of this Conference, essentially and manifestly unjust, and operate with pecu liar hardship on the operative classes, by at once limit ing the market for the disposal of the fruits of their labour, and raising the price of food when they are least able to procure it."' The history of the Corn-laws was a piece of unmitigated injustice. The very year the Highlanders were starving for food, no less than 956 quarters of Russian corn were thrown into the river, having been kept for two years in bond and become unfit for use. After explaining the system of juggling in fix ing the corn averages, practised- by the corn-factors in Mark-lane, the Reverend Gentleman entered fully into the nature and effect of the Corn-laws, and showed their injurious influence upon all classes of society, both at home and abroad, and resumed his seat amidst loud cheers. The Rev. Mr. ARCHER, from Antrim, Ireland, came forward, and was very warmly received. The wages of the common labourer in the part of the country from which he came, were no more than from three shillings to five shillings and sixpence a week—(Hear, hear)—and the amount of wages, so far from increasing, was conti nually diminishing. He could hire ten, twenty, or thirty labourers in his flock at five pence a day, and almost any number could be had for ten pence a day. They might figure to themselves the condition of the families of such unfortunate men. He was asked whether the wages did not rise sometimes ? His reply was, no, they never rise. —(Hear, hear.) The proprietors of the soil never, under any circumstances rose the wages.—(Cries of " Hear, hear.") That was a plain statement of facts which would carry conviction to every honest breast. The venerable gentleman resuming his scat, was greeted with the warmest acclamation. The Rev. T. SWAN, of Birmingham, then addressed the COnference. The facts which had been mentioned that day were sufficient to cause the very granite stones to cry out. They proved that millions of white slaves were to be found in this country. Their task was, if possible, to emancipate these slaves.—(Cheers.) He was sent there by the unanimous vote of a church of 800 members, and his venerable brother Morgan was sent by a unanimous vote of 600.—(Hear, hear.) Their people were in advance of them. He was, to his shame he ac knowledged it, wafted into that august assembly on the wave of popular will.—(Cheers.) The resolution was then carried. The Rer. Mr. M'KERRow intimated that Mr. George Thompson would address them to-morrow—(Chens)— and that Mr. O'Connell was also expected.—(Cheers.) The Rev. Taos. Antis/sox read the next resolution:— " That in the undeniable fact of the reciprocal depen dence of the several branches of the human family, this Conference, recognising the admirable provision of the All-wise, Beneficent Creator for securing their indivi dual happiness, maintaining their peaceful intercourse, and enhacing their collective welfare, in consequence feels itself solemnly bound to declare its uncompromis ing hostility to those legislative enactments, which pre vent the ever-increasinir populatio n o f thi s coun t r y from exchanging the products of their manufacturing industry and skill, which they are especially enabled to proffer, for food which they so much need, and which other countries are so well able and most anxious to give in re • turn for them." It was seconded by the Rev. Mr. EDWARDS, of Not lin a am, 'arid tarried unanimously. The 6,llowin,g , resolutionS were then respectively pro posed, and being seconded, were agreed to unanimously That no of eetual relief- can be supplied. either by parochial assessments or the benefactions of private or associated charity, - that the necessary remedy for the existing distress is full employment and adequate rerunneration ; and that it is vain to hope to elevate the la bouring classes from their present depression so long as the existing system of provision laws continue to in terpose bet Ween the bounty of God and the necessities of his creatures." • " That this Conference, deeply interested in the main tenance of the various benevolent and religious institu tions which exist in our coantry, and which depend for their support on the general prosperity of the commu nity, is penetrated with the conviction that the resources of runny of those institutions have been already materially aft eted by the prevailing distress, and fears that unless that distress be speedily and effectually alleviated, Chris tians, instead of enlarging, must contract their sphere of benevolence." Thanks were then voted to the Chairman, and the Conference broke up at a late hour. IRELAND. MIZ. O'CONNELL IN DROGHEDA. DHOCIIEDA, TWELVE O'CLOCK, MONDAY NIGHT.— Mr. O'Connell arrived here to-day shortly before three o'clock, to attend a meeting that had been convened by the inhabitants, to petition for a repeal of the Legisla tive Union. The Honourable .and Learned Gentleman was also invited to a public en t er t a i nmen t got up by the patriotic trades of Drogheda, which took place this evening at the Linen-hall. He left D u bli n a t e i g ht o'clock in the morning, accompanied by Tom Steele and Mr. O'Neill Daunt, and at Balbriggan, and other places along the line of road, the party were met by thousands of the country people, who greeted Mr. O'Connell and his friends with the most enthusiastic shouts of acclamation. In the town of Drogheda the houses were decorated with laurels and evergreens. Every street and alley wore a verdant appearance. The procession returned from where it met Mr. O'Con nell in the same order as it had left the town ; and about half-past two reached the West-gate, when the ni.mbers assembled amounted to upwards of twenty thousand. The whole cortege then , proceeded to ,the Merchant's-quay, opposite the shipping, where a large platform was erected for the accommodation, of the speakers. . . Mr. O'Connell was attired in the Volunteer uniform, and appeared in excellent health and spirits. On the motiol of JOSEPH M'CANN, Esq., secendeitby Mr. JOHN COLLINS, Nicholas Boylan, Esq., J. P. of Hit town-house, was called to the chair amid loud cheers. The first resolution was proposed by Mr. B. B. STAF• FORD and seconded by Mr. O'DONEGAN. Mr. O'CONNELL came forward amidst loud cheers to address the assembly. The Hon. Member said, I come here to-day to begin the agitation of the Repeal of the Legislative Union.—(Loud cheers.) Every thing we have done hitherto is as nothing compared to that vital question.—(Cheers.) The Whig party are virtually out of office ; in the course of three weeks they will be en tirely out of office, and the Tories will be in power. One thing, blessed be Heaven, and one thing alone remains for us, and that is the Repeal.—(Hear and cheers.) How many of you are Repealers ?—(Cries of " All, all !") Then hurrah for the Repeal.—(Renewed cheer ing.) My purpose was always the same.—(Hear.) I was a Precursor for Repetl, because many and many an honest and conscientious man told me that we would get from England, and an English Parliament, all Ireland wanted—that if we only asked multitudinously for those measures of relief which Ireland wanted, an English Parliament would grant them to us. Well, I made the experiment, and Ireland backed me in my exertions. The charm now is over—there is no longer any expecta tion of getting anything from a Whig Ministry, and every honest man must now rally round me in looking for the repeal.—(Cheers.) I want to know what chance we have if we look to an Imperial Parliament for re dressing our grievances. —(Hear.) The first great griev ance is the Church nuisance. In Ireland the Church temporalities are in the hands of a fraction of the people. —(Hear.) They say they believe us to be in error ; we return the compliment, and we say we believe them to be in error, and I won't consent to pay them for the propa gation of error.—(Cheers.) In Parliament they tell me that the grant to Maynooth is given for the support of error. I say to that, take away the 9,0001. a year for Maynooth that you say is given for the support of error, and I will take away the two millions a year which the Established Church in Ireland gets for what I think to be the support of error.--(Cheers.) I know only of one remedy for that evil, and that remedy is to be found in the middle of College-green, opposite a certain statue.—(Cheers.) I have news for you. I in tend that my statue shall be in that place, instead of the fellow that is now there.—(Cheers and laughter.) I came here to ask you to help me to do that.—(Cheers, and cries of " We will.") Why, it would be worth your while to go from this to College-green to look at the statue of an Irish man, for there never was one raised to an Irishman in Ire land since the English came here. No, not one, even to Henry Grattan.—(Hear, and cheers for Henry Grattan.) The next thing of which we have to complain is the measure of Corporate Reform given to Ireland, and on this point the most insulting and outrageous oppression has been perpetrated on the people of Ireland.—(Hear, hear.) In England they got a full measure of corporate reform several years ago, but in Ireland it is only com ing to us now, and so is Christmas. Well, before Christ mas we, will have, not a full measure of corporation reform, but one instalment of it—and let me tell you, and it is some comfort to me to tell you, that on the 27th of October next the present filthy corporation is at an end.—(Cheers.) I will tell you what we will do ; the best. thing that can be done, is to make arrangements to bring the carcase of the old corporation here. Oh, no ; we will bring it up higher—we will have the funeral on the banks of the Boyne, and we'll erect a pillar opposite to where the pillar now stands at the other side, in com memoration of the old corporation of Dublin.—(Cheers.) I will tell you that there never will be another battle of the Boyne in Ireland—(Loud cheers)—and for one rea son amongst others, the Irishmen that fought the Boyne were satisfied to save their lives by flight ; but, if the Irish ever have to tight that battle again, no man will leave the ground but the conqueror. —(Cheers.) There is the elective franchise in Ireland, and the present state of it is another of our grievances, Na man can have a vote that has not 104 ft-year clear out of his holding, and that makes, in fact, 201. by the construction given to the Act of Parliament. Well, in England, a man who has a holding of the value of forty shillings a year has a vote. England is a richer country than Ireland, and yet the franchise is lower in England than in Ireland. It is a gross insult to us to make that distinction between the two countries.— (Hear.) Do you know anything of how the administra tion of justice will be conducted if the Tories get into power ? I will. tell you. They will make judges of every man who has been most virulent in his bigotry and hatred towards us. Those are the men that the Tories will select to put on the bench, and what remedy have we for that grievance ?—we have no remedy but the Repeal.—(Cheers.) As I talked awhile ago about _burying the old corporation of Dublin, I will tell you what we'll do ; we will got an old dead rat and roll an Orange scarf about him, and put him in an Orange coffin, and call him the defunct corporation of Dublin, (Laughter.)— " I will plant a laurel tree, and call it liberty, Says the Shan Van Voght. And I'll take an Orange rat, that is both big and fat, And I'll call the corporation that, Says the Shan Van Voght.' Let 'us struggle for Repeal.—(Cheers.) A shout will not do ; you must join me manfully, and enrol yourselves under my banner.—(Cheers and cries of "We will. ) Remember that the throne is filled by an illustrious lady who shows the utmost superiority of intellect, and the greatest purity of heart. Oh, may God bless hell— (Cheers.) She is conquered by the Tories as well as we are, but she has strength in her prerogative to break the Tory fetters, and we will help her to defeat them. Three cheers for the Queen.—(Loud cheers.) Let us, for ever, banish disloyalty, tumult, and turbulence amongst us ; let us meet in open day, in the presence of the Magis tracy, in view of the police ; let us combine constution ally and legally, until one universal shout is raised from Cape Clear to the Giant's Causeway, and from Conne mara to the Hill of Howth, for the restoration of our native Parliament. Then, hurrah for the Repeal !—M r . O'Connell sat down amidst loud cheering, which lasted for several minutes. _ _ _ Mr. PATRIK BOYLAN proposed the nexuternetssoplueeticoini: F: Mr. STELE seconded it in a very eloquent Mr. JOSEPH APCANN, Baymount, proposed the next resolution, which was seconded by Mr. fluoli O'NEILL. Mr. JAMES MARKEY, and some other speakers fol lowed ; after which the immense assemblage separated. THE DINNER. This entertainment took place at the Linen-hall. The number of tickets issued was 500, which were all bought up at an early hour in the day ; and several persons went away who were unable to obtain admittance to the dinin*-room. Nicholas Boylan, of Hilltown, most ably tilled the Chair Mr. C o lli ns , of Drogheda, presided as Vice-President. O n t h e r i ght of Mr. Boy l an sa t Mr. O'Connell, Mr. M ar k ey, of Walshestown ; Mr. Patrick Markey, of Sarsfieldtown ; Mr. Nicholas Marker , of Naul-park ; an d M r. Thoms Steele. On the left of the Chairman sat Mr. Berkeley B. Stafford, of Moyne, county of Louth ; Mr. Patrick Matthew, William O'Neil Daunt, the Rev... Mr. Langan, and the Rev. Mr. Kelly. Letters, apologising for their absence, were read from John O'Connell, Esq., M.P. ; Henry Grattan, Esq., ; Most Rev. Dr. Croly, Right Rev. Dr. Blake, and Right Rev. Dr. Cantwell. After the customary toasts, the Chairman gave " The Repeal of the Legislative Union."—(Loud cheers.) Mr. O'CONNELL rose, and was received with enthu siastic applause. We are now engaged in a new struggle. —(Cheers.) The Catholics of Ireland had gone through three ordeals. They had been three times in power since their religion was persecuted in this country, and they never persecuted in turn.—(Hear, hear. A Voice : " And they never will.") Never. We are the descendants of those who refused to persecute, and we have a more thorough conviction of its enormity than they had. England persecuted for conscience sake, and religion was blotted out there. Catholic Ireland never p e rsecuted. Like captiv e I srae l, s h e was b oun d with c nig? ; vet, being freed from them, has not one spot upon her history to call to her recollection the pain ful effects of religious persecntion,--(Loud cheers.) .We now come to the political question of Repeal; and I want to know how many of you will submit to the present state of things ?—(A voice " Never !") Will you sub mit to have the ecclesiastical revenues of the land in the hands of the clergy of the minority ?—(" No, no,") And, let me ask, what chance have you that an English Par liament will remove the injustice? It is a claim not de manded, or a crime not committed in England—it is a crime not committed in Scotland; and Ireland will never be tranquil, and she never ought, as long as such an in cubus is allowed to exist. I will not detain you by en tering into the (lentils of the Corporate Reform question. lORNING- SUN- Aiiisnicli means itrildebtity of: rights betwwn two coan tries so united ; it means that each possesses equal rights and frimclinies. -Bat is that the case as regard Etv.;!and an.! Ireland ?-“ Hear, hear.) limolic.eg thtlf tht rrtriei are coining into - power ; and in what suite will tkt 4 0 1 7 ministration of justice be when that evil falls upon 1;4 1 land ? Remember that bad laws, when well adminis tered, beeoine - tc!erable and bearable, and even tend to promote protection ; while,good laws, badly adminis tered, become a grieYous oppression by the nice dis tinctions of phrase which are taken .by partisan Judges—the haughty insolence evinced by the Ma gistrates, whose feiends are in power---and, above all, by the kind of . Justices you will have to preside over the Courts throughout the country. Will you bear all that ?—(Cries of " No, no!') They almost proclaim already that a rebellion must take place, but they have not as yet tried it. Will you rebel? Oh, no, no—(Cheers)--we'll never rebel again, because Ireland will abide her hour—she will never violate the law; but if the Orange faction, backed by the English Tories, attempts to deprive us of our liberties or legal rights, oh, it would then be no rebellion.—(Cheers.) That would not be a rebellion, and in principle nothing is so, provided it is successful.--(Cheers.) In either case that of the .people of Ireland would not be so, be cause the people of Ireland would not follow such a course unless driven to defend their altars, their homes, and liberties—(Hear)—and no man will speculate on surviving such an issue, unless to become an unhappy victim. We may, in such a case, be stretched on the field of death, we may be placed in a :state of inaction and b e s il en t for ever in our graves, but we should be living or triumphant. It was only yesterday that I read of a riot that took place at Dudley, which arose in consequence of the colliers having turned out, not to get higher wages, but in order to prevent the wages which they had been receiving from being lowered.—(Hear, hear.) There were three troops of cavalry sent to cut them down, and they were commanded by the Rev. Mr. Cartwright, as the attend ing Magistrate—(Laughter)—and, by the bye, I thought of the circumstance, when talking of Catholic ascendancy. I was considering how strang e it would appear, if on some commotion at N avan , my friend here, the Rev. Mr. Langan, would go .at the head of three troops of ca valry, to cut down his parishioners.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) Why,. the circumstance is so ludicrously improbable, that my Reverend Friend appears quite astonished how I could make such an assumption. But I come back to my sober question, "Are you pre pared to submit to Tory rule"—(Cries of " Never 1")-- 'to thatrais-government that has the diabolical features of giving no relief, no redress, no remedy ?- It is a kind of political hell, replete with that eternity of suffering from which all hope is bani Shed. There is no remedy while everything is calculated to aggravate and augment the evil. Mr. MAI:KEY—We have still the Loyal National Re peal Association to stand by us. Mr. O'CossELL—J humbly thank you.• I believe I know something of that assemblage.—(Cheers.), Rebel lion, force, violence—we will have none of them, but wel come, wherever it comes, resistance to rebellion, force. and violence.—(Prolonged cheering.) You all know that I have been for forty years or upwards struggling for my native country.—(Cheers.) For nearly- thirty years of these I had principally confined myself to the question of Catholic emancipation. I had during that time addressed many meetings of the wealthier classes ; I have attended many meetings of the aristocratic grades of society. I hare also addressed the operatives of the towns and the agricultural population in rural districts ; and with the experience which I have thus acquired, I am able to pronounce what are the topics which seize with strongest hold the Irish mind, that convulse with excitement the inmost hearts of the people, and that prompt them with au almost convulsive effort of readiness to raise aloft their sinewy arms. I know all this, and I so lemnly declare before you, that though the impulses 0C religious feeling were strong within them, when I spoke to them of religious equality, and of the propriety of en joying " happy homes and altars free," yet I have never raised such a stream of determination within their veins, such a decided, or so enthusiastic a spirit. of unani mity and order—(Cries of " Hear, hear")—that I hwen never elicited such a shout of triumphant anticipation as whenever lat all touched on the repeal. I tell you to do nothing that I am not willing and ready to do my self ; and I will, therefore, go from parish to parish_ to set you an example of the way that I wish you to work. The Hon. and Learned Gentleman concluded amid the most tremendous cheering. Several other toasts were drunk, after which Mr. O'Connell retired, and the company separated. ORDER OF LEOPOLD OE BELGIUM. A Royal Decree, of the 14th of May, signed by M. de Meulenaerc, is to the following effect " Desiring to give a striking proof of the warm friend ship which we bear our brother and cousin, his Majesty the Kino•of Greece, - - - - "We have decreed his Majesty Otho 1., king of Greece, is named Grand Cordon of our Order ; his Ma jesty the King of Greece shall take his rank in the order from this day's date, and shall wear the military in signia." - Resolution of the 21st of May, signed by M. de Mnelenuere, gives the rank of Commander of the Order of Leopold to M. Gabriel de Lessert, Prefect of Police at Paris, and to Count Rambeteau, Peer of France, as proof of his Majesty's satisfaction with the service which they have rendered him, and a new mark of his personal regard, THE BOULOGNE AFFAIR. The riot to which we yesterday alluded, arave o Tuesday evening during the grand ball. The ball-room presented a most extraordinary coup (rail. The first ob jects that met our view were three notorious English swindlers, who sat at a round table swilling brandy and water. We also saw several of the most objectionable of our -countrymen, who could never by any remote possi bility have gained admission into any society deemed reputable in England. We found Lord _Maidstone in the ; ball-roam, and some of the officers of the Life Guard:9, several of whom are staying here. Lady Cardigan is also here at the hotel de Londr es , an d several persons of distinction are, we understand, expected. Tickets having been liberally dispersed, especi a lly to. the English, who const i tute t h e ch i ef support of tho town, the National Guard of nonlogne, about 3,000 in all, became indignant because the whole of their corps could not be admitted into the theatre, which, though fitted up with the greatest dexterity, could not be made. to aceommodate more than half the number. An at— tempt was accordingly made to tbrce a passage, and rt.- pulsed ; but the rioters .quickly returned to the charge with showers of stones, which broke many windows, injured several individuals, and might have led to. consequenees more serious, had not the military beers called out. The Lancers and Gendarmerie had their horses saddled and bridled, and were ready to mount at a minute's notice. It has since transpired that it was the intention of some of the blackguards who were foremost in the riot to have set fire to that part of the temporary building of wood which was put up at the back of the Theatre, and to have availed themselves of the confusion to carry their infamous projects into effect. If the place had been set ou fire. hundreds must 'have perished. The building was a long room built up with light dry wood, and if once. set on fire would have burnt like touch-paper. The build ing was, on the very fiat alarm, or, as we have h ear d, before the actual riot commenced, surrounded •by a strong detachMent of the Infantry of the Line—the 27th Regiment, the soldiers of which evinced the best feelings and the most perfect coolness. The mob, which at one time 'presented a dense mass, reaching all the way from the front of the Theatre along the " Rue de la Spectacle" into the large street which runs at right angles with it, had it not been for the troops which were assembled by beat of drum and. sound of trumpet on the first signs of insubordidation, would have forced their entrance into the theatre, and of course there could have been little respect for persons, property, or even lives. The soldiers, however, drove them back by main force with the butt ends of their mus kets. We have heard that some few were wounded by bayonets, but cannot vouch for the truth of the account: The Cavalry, the Gendarmes, and Lancers of the line behaved well; they scoured the streets in large bodies, and succeeded in dispersing the mob, which the infantry had driven back en masse. It does not appear that this outbreak partook much of political feeling, though the. cries of " Pee!" everything but the lawful Government of the country, " A has les Anglais ' and "Aux acmes!" were symptoms not particularly pl l e v a a s s an a t g f a o i r n t s h t e th fo e rei t g a n y e o n r, whoand t i s lie n l o o t ya p i o . pul f a i r am e a o ni n m g o st si t t h y e bad subjects of the city. yearly twenty persons, implicated in the riot, have, been arrested, and amongst them are several English men. That Englishmen can lend themselves to such dis.- : 1 gra ceful acts is to be regretted, but when it is considered that a certain portion of the English residents at Boulogne ar e composed of the refuse of their own country, it is no. matter of surprise that they should join any other black guards in breaking the laws. Yesterday a member of thot London swell mob was arrested in one of the hotels, The fellow was found in one of the apartmeftv by a servant of the establishment. He affected to be fast asleep, and snored in confirmation of his assumed somnolency in a way that led to his detection. There have been petty depredations during the fetes, and a tolerably good har vest for the pickpockets. The fetes are about to termi nate. They have been a strange mixture of the pantomime and the serious. Taken as a whole, the thing may be. said to have gone off well. BOULOGNE,SUR-AfER, WEDNESDAY NIGHT.—.AII i s quiet again here. The banquet and the ball, the r aces and the rows, are over, the whirlpool is gradually be coming weaker, and Boulogne has again sunk into its pristine state of apathy and insignificance. THE WEATHER.—NOON, AUGUST 20. ROYAL GALLERY OF SCIENCE, ADELAIDE-STREET. Barometer Thermometer... 78 Highest........ 78 J Lowest.... ..... 66 Wind S.W.—Freezing Point 32 Dem CRICKET MATCH.-_A match of this manly game will come off at Garrett's !grounds, Copenhagen fields, on Wednesday, the 25th inst., between Eleven Gentlemen of the Islington Albion Club and Eleven of the Montpellier. Wickets pitched at ten,o'clock. MRS* TROLLOPE'S NEW NOVEL.—The great body ot novel readers will, we have no doubt,•be exceed ingly gratified to learn that Mrs. Trollope's new work, " Charles Chesterfield, the Youth of Genius, " is to ap pear, compl e t e i n th re e volumes, in a few d ays. ever great Mrs. Trollope has heretofore shown herself in, her sotitical pictures of society, her sketches in this new work, particularly of certain literary coteries andi personages, have a piquancy, spirit, and vigour, which, completely throw into the shade all her former doings_ Her satire, however, is so admirably tempered by wit and humour, that even those who may be tonsideredt to fall under her lash, can hardly refrain from partici pating in the amusement site affords. The work will drive additional attraction from numerous illustrations 1 y Phiz. !eiveti etters ances venue In the ied to taken It i 5 liow - next arty, a t of t fail, ered, Idant and be of cow ?filo that )OSC, shed op; s ot call .3ful led. t in ipts of illy h a t, i pa l yed ate ted ; ; ire ait