The Sun. — London, England, 1867-06-05 00:00:00

ASCOT — R OYAL ASCOT.— CALL AGHAN'S RACE GLASSES, '23A, New Boud-street, W., corner of Conduit-street. N.B.—Sole Agent to Voigtllnder, Vienna. CE.YSTAL PAL AC E.—The GRAND ILLUMINATION of FOUNTAINS and FIRE WORKS POSTPONED, on account of the Rein and Wind, until SATURDAY, when, combined with the OPERA CONCERT, a great Afternoon and Evening Feto will be given of an unusual character. Tickets for this day will admit on Saturday. Full particulars an ou nced To-morrow. BY ORDER. Crystal Palace, 11.30 a.m., Jane 5 VBEAT RE R YAL DRU RY-LAN E. .1 Sob, L..issee and Manager, sir. F. I. Chatterton. M. ware. J. E.V T HAT RASCAL JACK. Rona:. .T. Neville, C. \Varner ; Me dimes B. Aleync, C. ThompAon. ro conclude with THE Gi EAT CITY. 3ressrp. C. Warner, F. Morton, .J Fitzjames, C. Harcourt, tVi lier P, lohnst J. ne C. C ovvi acr, IV. M'lntyre , .1. Rouse, J 1.. lliesCVmes Roberts on, It. G. Le Tuiere, C. Thompso n. COMllle nCe at Seven, THEATR.E ROYAL ADELPIII. Sole Proprietor and Itaniv.ter, Mr. B. Webster. TILTS EVENING. anew Musical Drama. GARIBALDI IN Miss itsden. Miss E ily rill; Messrs. It. Phillips, J. G. Taylor. and Ashley. After which. DORA. Messrs. Henry Ner.lle, Winton Ashley ; Miss Kate Terry. Miss Hu_lies. To conclude with GOING TO TILE D..:ItTIY. Ma,srs J. Ckre, J. G. Taylor ; Mrs. Billin;ton and Miss Seaman. T°LBORN THEATR E ROYAL. ,:iole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. :.ef ton Parry. THIS EVENING, a new Farce, MY TURN NEXT. Mr. Belmore, Miss Foote, lass Lennox. After which, Boueicault's drama of FLYING SCUD. WORTS. NeViiie, Belmore, Blake, Garden,Vollaire ; Mesdames y Josephs, C. Saunders, B. Foote, Raymond. CrYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. RSole Lemeee and Manager. Mr. Vlninir. THIS EVENNG, at 8 o'cluck, A AND CLEO PATIO.. Mare l Antony. Mr. IL LoraineNTONY ; Enobarbus, Mr. Verner ; Charmian, Mina Page ; and Cleopatra, Mias Glyn. lIEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET, Sole Lessee and Manatrtr, Mr. Bucket me. Tals EVENING, rERFECTI')N. Xr. Kcndal and Miss Burke. To be followed by A WILD GOOSE. 3le , srs. Sothern, Bucketone, Rogers. Gordon, White, Vincent, Weathersby, tte. ; Mesdames Burke, Hill, Chippendale, Laws, Sidney, (tc. To conclude with DEAF AS A I'OST. Mr. Compton. Commence at Seven. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. New Management. Sole Lessee, Mr. B. Webster ; Manager, Mr. 11. A igan. THIS EVEN-ING, THE BEST WAY. Messrs. Clayton and H. Wigan ; Mrs. St. Henry. Attar which, THE LIAR. Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Mathews. Follcwed by rATTr.r. VERSUS CLAT MR. Mr. Chas. Math CNcB. To conclude with OLYMPIC GAMES. Messrs. H. J. Montawue, G. Vincent. Murray; Mes/iames E. ?arrcn, G. MoweD, Sheridan en , ti arris, N. liarris, St. Henry, and Roselle. oors op at hall-pa st Six; commence a t Seven. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. bole Lessee and Manw_reress, Mrs Swanhoron2 . ll. T rIVENING, WAITIN,I FOR TUE UNDER GROUND. Followed by THE LITTLE SAVAGE. Atter which, PYGMALION ; or, The Statue Fair. Mcssra Thorne, D. .lamer, and Fenton ; Mesdames A. 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Ta-Moratow.-Morning, 4h. 23m.—Afternoon, 4h. 59m 'l7 4 Z7 4, 1g, , :‘ LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 5, 1867 The morning sitting of the House of Commons was occupied by the discussion on the Bankruptcy Bill, which the Attorney-General explained had been modified since the last stage. It did not appear that the House takes at all a favourable view of the affair, if we are to judge from the various com ments that were made upon it. It is true that there is no snare complicated subject brought before the House than this one, nor upon which more various opinions are found to exist. The most learned seem to fail whenever they attempt to put their hands to this task, and after using all their efforts they find that their ingenuity is not appreciated at all in the manner they expected. We cannot see that the changes which have been made in this bill are for the better, for they are very stringent in some respects, and the arrangement that the bank rupt's estate afterwards acquired should always be liable for the remaining sum due to his creditors is one not likely to be popular, and in many cases will be likely to workunjustly. Sir ROUNDELL PALMER'S defence of his own scheme was a good one, and he pointed out that there were difficulties in the way of the present plan. Mr. MoFFArr complained, with some justice, that there was too much of the old spirit of officialism in the measure, and that is to be regretted, because the public have long been weary of the cumbrous character of these rules and regu lations. The Scotch bankruptcy system is one which has long worked satisfactorily, and never fails to command the attention of all who give their attention to its peculiarities, and it does indeed seem a pity that it cannot be adopted in this coun try, but it seems that the time has not yet arrived when our lAwyers will see the advantage of sim plifying matters. The real object of Bankruptcy Courts should be to obtain as much as possible of the debtor's pro perty for the benefit of the creditors, and surely both learned and simple observers must recognise that, this end gained, the rest is zecondary, if not unimportant. The consequence of the plans pro mulgated and adopted in England has been to in crease the cost of procedure to such an extent that it often occurs that the interest of the creditors is sacrificed to the vindication of the prit:eples of -.mane. It is to be trusted that some arguments of this sort will have weight with the committee of the house which is to sit upon this bill, and that • they will look after the main chance, and consider the payment of creditors to be the one thing need ful in the working of the Courts of Bankruptcy. If they decide upon going further they will fare worse, and so will all those who have to suffer from their mistakes. There are other means which might be adoptedfor the punishment of fraudulent debtors, and the sooner this is looked into the better; but the immediate object of the end in view, the appropria tion of the property of the debtor for the satisfac tion of the creditors, should not be lost sight of. \Ve are not without hope that the I-louse will see this, and to judge from the tenour of the discussion of yesterday some notion of this sort seems to be taking root in the minds of some speakers. The Attorney-General will, we have no doubt, consent to such alterations as will amend the present scheme, but we feel convinced that the system that now pre vails in Scotland will be the only one in the long run that will satisfy the ends of justice, and to gain the approval of the public. The Parisians are not having at all an entire holiday, and their pleasure is not unmixed with grave considerations of business and questions of a political character which involve mighty interests. The visit of the King of PRUSSIA is the subject of conversation in all circles, and the theme of com ment among all who look beyond the present moment to the future results of the scenes now enacting around them. Since Count BISMARCK accompanies his MAJESTY some additional interest is imparted, and curiosity is stimulated to a great degree. It is not likely indeed that the visit is only to see the wonders of the Exhibition, or to speculate upon the progress of decadence of the different nations that exhibit their skill. Perhaps undue importance is attached to the affair, but some excuse is to be made for those who are jumping at conclusions, when we consider the Prussians themselves are not behind hand in looking at the thing in a serious light. It appears that prayers are offered up in the churches of that country to supplicate that the blessings of above may rest upon the meeting between the two Sovereigns, and thus that the cause of peace may be advanced and fur thered, so that their expectations may be on tiptoe in the circles of theTarisians without calling for that criticism or awakening that ridicule which sanctions, justly at least, such extreme ebullitions among our neighbours. We have no doubt that a good deal may depend upon the result of this visit, and it is no secret that the success or the failure of the schemes of compro mise that will be treated of or touched upon will involve the interests and happiness of many communities. We hope for the cause of humanity, and the progressive prosperity of the nations of Europe, that a satisfactory issue will fol low upon this meeting, and that we may, for some time at least, hear nothing of those rumours of wars which shake society to its foundations, and retard the interests of civilisation and the spread of commerce through the course of unnumbered years. However, there is no use to think of such an end, if the Prussians will not =cede a good deal of their expectations and lower the tone of their de mands. The Emperor NAPOLEON has had a good deal to put up with , and he must be disappointed at the course of affairs during the last year or two, and he will not be ap peased unless he distinctly understands what is the policy that Prussia has determined upon to pursue. If BISMARCK be wise he will appreciate the signi ficance of the situation, and determine that his ventures shall now be for peace, and that his only safety will lie in discretion ; but if he does not do this the consequences will be serious to his own reputation, and disastrous to the prosperity of the country he serves with so many professions of zeal. The Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry into the recent acts of intimidation and outrage at Sheffield have commenced their arduous labours, . and held their first sitting at the Council Ila Sheffield, on Monday. The inquiry, as was na tural, excited a good deal of interest, and both masters and men were fully represented. The Mayor, and other gentlemen unconnected with the trades, were also present during part of the sittings. Great interest has long been felt respecting the working of these associations, and the facts brought to light of late have tended to confirm rather than to dissipate any estimate formed of their mischievous effects. We have heard a good deal of the general working of the unions so far as the ordinary rela tions of business are concerned, but the Sheffield inquiry especially refers to the outrage and " rat toning" cases which have given that town an un enviable notoriety. 'Whatever opinion may be formed of the rights of men to demand an increase of wages or to " strike" until they coerce their employers into giving what they want, there can be pnly one verdict on the conduct of those who employ violent means to injure and destroy those who refuse to listen to their arguments. It is a proof of the dangerous tendency of these unions that any working man should ever have been per suaded that such intolerable oppression could under any circumstances be justifiable. The readers of " Mary Barton," celebrated for its faithful pictures of working life in the great cities of the North, will remember the passage in which John Barton describes his visit to the poor man whom those on strike had injured. When the strong workman stood in the hospital ward, and listened to the moans of the miserable sufferer, his heart sunk when he recalled his own share in his sufferings, and he resolved never again to take part in such cruel injustice. No doubt if many of the union men could see the effects pro duced by their conduct in various quarters they would change ther minds, and, to do them justice, most of the unions disclaimed: any sympathy with the Sheffield outrage. But the system of " rattening" is nothing more than tyranny under disguise of numbers, such tyranny as no master dare practise against his men, or any man in the upper walks of life dare try with his associates and fellows. It is nothing more or less than compelling a man by force or contrivance to_ do that which he would not do by choice, and, in spite of all the talk about the rights of labour, it is contrary to the whole spirit and tenour of English legislation. We have always boasted of our political and social freedom, but it seems that so far as trades and their men arc concerned, this freedom has no existence whatever. A regular system of terrorism goes on, to which it is only wonderful so many should be found to submit year after year, but the evidence both of masters and men reveals some astonishing facts. Th us it ap pears that in the saw trade the masters have to find the tools for the men, no member of the Uniou filling a situation being allowed to find hi s own tools. The object of this rule is that in the event of a strike all the loss shall fall upon the masters. In the Scissor Grinders' Union both masters and men are forced to contribute to the funds, although the former receive no benefit from them. It is a common thing if the masters' subscriptions are not paid tip to steal the " bands" and thereby stop the work. The evidence of JOHN PLATT, who worked for 17 years as journeyman, afterwards Lecoming a manu facturer on his own account, and who, in both capacities, belonged to the Scissor Grinders' Union, gave an illustration of this. Ile refused to pay to tb e unio n 2d. per week for the privilege of having an apps •entice, and accordingly he found one morn ing tha.73 six of his wheel-bands had been stolen. After F,ome delay and demur he agreed to pay the motrey, and received an anonymous note telling him where to find the hands. " I paid," he says, " sixpence a week to the union, though I was an employer of other grinders, and as such en titled to no benefit from the funds. I expected no benefit whatever from paying the additional 4d. a week, and 1 should not have paid, only I knew my bands would be taken if I did not. I did not wish to b:long to the Union." So much for English liberty. Truly, foreigners may well ask what it is which we boast so much about. Afterwards Mr. Purr left the Union, and the consequence was that he could not get fnen when he wanted them. He remained without men for nine weeks, not wishing to get into a quarrel with the Union, of which he seems to stand in wholesome awe. At last e put on three non-unionists, and the 'orm of " rattening" then adopted was to steal five dozen pairs of scissors. " I dared not," says the same witness, "go to the police the first time I was rattene'r for fear of receiving somo personal violence ; I might, like others, have been maimed for life." The member of a firm of saw and file manufacturers gave a shuilar account of the system employed. Some of their men not having paid up, the wheel-bands were stolen, thereby inter fering with the work, and injuring both masters and men. The men went at once to the Secretary of the Union to make arrangements for getting the bands back. They were told they must pay the money due, and a certain sum for " expenses." Having done this the bands were returned, or rather a note was sent telling where they were concealed. "He did not give information to the police, as he did not think they could have got the bands back." On another occasion, however, for this sort of occur- rence is by no means uncommon, a policeman cap tured a man with the bands in his possession. When the Union found that he was in custody, the secretary offered to supply new bands at the expense of the Union. Ou being asked why it should not be treated as an ordinary case of larceny, he replied that he never knew bands stolen for other than trade purposes. The system is, as we have said, so op pressive and exacting that it is only wonderful that masters and men should so long have submitted to it. As it is, we must remember that this " ratten ing" is the mildest form of annoyance, and that much stronger means are often adopted to keep up the influence and authority of the Union. Such evidence as we have, too, gives us only half the story, since numbers, both of masters and men, are afraid or reluctant to come forward for fear of the subsequent consequences. CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, Tuesday Evening. The Emperor of Russia, in celebration of his visit to Paris, it is said, has issued an ukase granting a partia amnesty to the Poles compromised in the last insurrection. The date of the amnesty coincides nearly with that of the Emperor's arrival in the capital. M. Guepin, of Nantes, who sent a letter to Gari baldi, requesting him to make an appeal in favour of peace, has just received the following interesting answer : --" My dear Guepin,—Thanks for your beautiful letter. Yes, morality wants emulation in progress and not in war. It is time that people should understand themselves without wanting to exterminate each other. It is time that the iron appropriated to the manufacture of terrible instruments of destruction should in future serve for machines useful to the people, who have not peace. It is time, in short, that the laborious and suffering classes of all countries should proclaim to the diorganised oligarchy that its reign is over, and that the jus faderis has ceased to be, and that those without work should cease to live upon those who do. With a view to put an end to the system of servility there are no doubt difficulties to overcome among the upper classes, but the post of all difficulties is to be vanquished by the people themselves. They may tell me that the people are deceived. "Will they allow themselves to be deceived eternally ? Will they for ever act like the camel, which bends its knees before its master to receive the burthen upon its back, or like the dog, which crouches at its master's feet to receive chastisement? "Do not imagine that my specific for the cure of so many evils is revolution. No, there is no one in the world who can now ad vise or desire revolution. That would be too terrible. The revolution of 'B9 would ap pear like children's play compared with the social revolution which ferments among the oppressed classes. The rancours are too keen between the crushed people and the patricians who have the monopoly of enjoyments. God forbid that such a thing should happen. In the meantime it is for the great population of London, Paris, and Berlin, to give themselves the word of order, and to form fraternal concord. Let each of U 3 find his Hyde Park and proclaim to the world that by the grace of Heaven we wish to be brothers. ' The fraternity of the peoples,' there is our desire, and let the first article of olrr compact be War is impossible be tween brothers.' (Signed) " G. GARIBALDI." There are some interesting historical recollections connected with the Elysee, which is now occupied by the Emperor of Russia and his two sons. That palace was built in 1758, and it was successively the residene3 of the Count d'Evreux, Madame de Pompadour, and the Duchess de Bourbon Conde. During the revolution public fetes v beautiful gardens. It was afterwardsinhabited ivenin by it '1 rat, and by Napoleon the First in 1815. It was there that the Emperor signed his second abdication. The Duchess de Berri and the Duke de Bordeaux also resided in this palace. It again became the property of the Civil List in 1830, at the revolution which drove Charles the Tenth from his Throne, and in 1848 it was occupied by the commission ap pointed to distribute national rewards. From 1849 to 1852 Prince Louis, now the Emperor Napoleon, lived in it. It is capacious, beautiful, and admir ably arranged, and would be a suitable residence for the greatest soveriegn in the world. Within a recent period the Palace has been improved and en larged by one other wing, and a splendid parade has been constructed. The complaints against the cabmen have been so numerous since the opening of the Exhibition that the Prefect of Police has considered it necessary to issue some stringent regulations to prevent the system of evasion which prevailed. It was not ex actly a strike, but it entailed almost the same in conveniences. In Paris you pay for a cab or other similar vehicles either by the hour or for a journey, but the fare is the same either for a long or short journey. Thus, if a cab were taken from the most remote point of Paris to the Exhibition, the driver would only receive the same fare to which he would be entitled for taking you .to the next street. It is certain that martyrs have been made of some of the poor cabmen by unconscionable visitors or natives who have hailed a vehicle at a distance of some five or six miles from the Champ de Mars, and have paid only as much as if they had been driven half a mile. Thus, whenever a cab man fancied his fare was going to the Exhibition he pretended he was hired or evaded the requisition iu some way or other. This state of things has given rise to sore humorous expedients on the part of those who have wanted cabs. One gentle man stated that he found the only real way of getting a cab without difficulty was to keep a printed bill in his pocket, on which was inscribed "I am not going to the Exhibition," and this he 'THE SUN, LONDON, IVEDNESDAY EVENIN 0, J UNE 5, 1867. held out to the view of the cabman when he wanted a vehicle. Another facetious writer says that he was exceedingly fatigued the other evening, and wishing for a cab to take him home he hailed many coachmen, but all were or pretended to be hired. At last he hit upon the expedient of pre tending to fall down insensible in a fit. Of course he was soon seen by the police, who are empowered in such cases to require the services of the first cab that can be had, even if the driver be hired. Ac cordingly a cab was very soon hailed, and the police lifted the gentleman into it with the view of having him conveyed to the nearest station. No sooner, however, was the gentleman comfortably seated iu the cab than he recovered his accustomed health in an instant, and to the dismay and astonishment of the cabman, he said " All right, it's by the hour." It should be explained that what is almost equally disagreeable to a coachman as an order to drive to the Exhibition is to go by the hour under present circumstances, as to go a few short journeys would bring him as much as to drive about the greater part of the d.ty by the hour. The weather has been temperate and agreeable to-day, and again the majority of the population of Paris seemed to be collected at the Exhibition. ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIE7Y. The probable fate of Dr. Livingstone and the watershed of the Nile formed the subjects brought before the Geographical Society at their meeting on Monday evening. The first paper read, contributed by Mr. Finlay, was an elaborate collection of the observations of recent African travellers on the re spective levels of the Lakes Victoria Nyanza, Albert and Nyazza, - and on the pro communication between baiii ty Nyanza, of Tanganyika, there being a the two latter and the two former. It was stated to have been proved by Dr. Livingstone in his ex ploration of Lake Nyazza that there is no river flow ing from it northwards, but that two small rivers enter it in that direction ; and he was pursuing a course from the north of that lake in a north wes terly direction, towards Lake Tanganyika, and had arrived at only a short distance from it when, ac cording to the account given by his runaway fol lowers, he was attacked and killed. Mr. Finlay showed by a comparison of the statements of Capt. Burton, Speke, Grant, and Sir S. Baker, in their various expeditions that there was a mean difference of I,oooft. in their estimated levels, as determined by the boiling point of water, and that the level of Lake Tanganyika is probably nearly 200 ft. higher than that of the Albert Nyanza, discovered by Sir S. Baker. The inference he drew from that assump tion was, that the waters of the Lake Tanganyika flow into the Albert Nyanza, and, therefore, the ultimate watershed of the Nile. Ile was con firmed in this opinion by the fact that the water of the Tanganyika Lake is fresh, which, if it were an inland sea, having no outlet, like the Caspian or the Dead Sea, would not be the case ; and as it was known that no great river flowed from it towards the cast or south, and as it was very improbable such an outlet could exist towards the west, there seemed every reason to believe that there must be an outflow northwards towards the Albert Nyanza. At the =elusion of the reading of Mr. Fittlay's paper, Sir Roderick Murchison, who was in the chair, m tile some remarks on the expedition which is about to start to ascertai n th e f ate o f Dr. Livingstone, whom he still confide n tl y h ope d is alive, and he in troduced to the meeting Ur. Young, the officer ap pointed to take command of the expedition, and a gentleman who has volunteered to accompany him. Mr. YOUNG explained briefly the nature of the expedition and the course he intended to pursue. The boat made of steel plates by order of Government was so constructed that it could be taken to pieces when they came to the rapids, and carried higher up to a navigable part of the river that flows from the Lake Nyazza into the Zambesi. Ile had had the command of the boat in a former expedition of Dr. Livingstone, and was acquainted with the man Moosa who had brought the account of Dr. Living stone's murder. That man, he said, was not worthy of the least trust, and nothing he said could be be lieved. Mr. Young expressed great confidence that the result of the expedition - would be to prove that Dr. Livingstone is sti" Mr. PETHERICK considered the expedition in search of Dr. Livingstone to be inadequate for its purpose. Ile said that, assuming him to be alive, lie would be in great want of help, deserted, as he had been, by his followers, and the expedition should have been on a scale sufficient to supply him with provi sions and assistance to prosecute his researches. Mr. Petherick discredited altogether the account given by Moosa of the murder of Dr. Livin gs t one ; its very circumstantia lit y , in his opinion, tending to prove that it was false. Sir R. MURCHISON said that it was only a tenta tive expedition, and that it would be supplied w ith everything that was requisite.* lie had no fear for Dr. Livingstone if he had suc ceeded in passing through the tribe of Meziti or Zul u C a ff res, f or D r. Livingstone on am fformer e wa c beloved by the negroes ; and he had r io across Africa with no more assistance t han he w ould have when de serted by the Johanna men. Sir R o d er i c k expresse d o s e absclon traveled his satisfaction at finding that the opinion which at one time he was alm ost alone in maintaining of the safety of Dr. Livingstone was beco m i ng more gene ral. All the accoun ts recentl y recei ved from Zanzi bar agreed in represe ntin g the report of Moosa not to gi lent contradictoryhi \ e i. l k least relied r t e h l i e e a d r on, e it was known h e had reportsread to differe n t persons. I\i d a paper on "Th e Di sco - and c Disco veries of Portuguese Travellers in Africa 300 Years large rwh the sources the worke rources of the o g h e map Nile were traced to t wo lar g e lak es in the centre of Africa. a f go on"e and of those h e exhibited travellers a i Sir R. MuncinsoN stated that he had received a letter from Sir Samuel Baker, in which he suggested that the Pasha of Egypt might be induced to assist in the exploration of Central Africa and the sources of the Nile by the prospect of the annexation of that portion of Africa to his dominions. Sir S. Baker thought that the Pasha might, with that object in view, fit out a small army for conquest and occupa tion, and expressed his wilhagneS3 to take the com mand. After some observations from Mr. Baines and Mr, Wailer, the meeting adjourned. THE PRACTICAL JOKING ON BOARD THE 1)11(E13E. rbYMOUTII, Tuesday Night. When the Port Admiral last week inspected the Phcobe he observed some slight scratches on the nose of a young midshipman, who, on being ques tioned, answered good-temperedly it was the " Government mark." Captain Bythesea was then requested to report, and, his letter having been sent to Whit e h a ll , two officers of the ship— viz., Mr. Baynha m , mas t er ' s assistant, and Mr. Reddie, midshipm an , were yesterday dis missed from her. In the aft ernoon C ap t a i n Preely made a se cond inquiry on b oar d t h e Ph c ebo, and his report is now under the consideration of the Lords of the Admiralty. It appears that tho midshipman was a consenting party to the scratching of the broad ar row on his nose with the point of a penknife, and that the mark is nearly obliterated. The statement about lashing to the gun, tattoo ing, and rubbing in gunpowder is totally unfounded • - • Lord Strathnairn bas isc,ued a prohibition of a custom which "has of late prevailed to a certain extent in his command,' of officers of regiments making verbal ora tions to their men when relinquishing the command ; these demonstrations must not occur in future, as being " not only in direct opposition to the spirit and meaning of the army regulations," but also "a medium through which it is not considered prudent to express regret at leaving ' the comrades they had known so long and esteemed so much,' or to receive the applause of those whom it is necessary, in the interest of the service at large, to keep in their proper place and at a proper distance." Officers giving up com mands must take leave through the medium of a regimental order. _ MACKEREL—The quantity of mackerel caught on the Cornish coast during the past week was not nearly so large as in the preceding week; still tho Mount's bay and St. Ives' boats managed to got about 100 tons of fine fish fur the London market, in addition to a fair supply for Devon and Cornwall. Good prices wore realised, the figure for numerous lots being 455. per six score. Two large new boats were launched during the week, and four others are nearly completed. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) SPANISH FINANCE. MADRID, June 4 (Evening). At the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies to-day the Minister for the Colonies stated that the revenue from the colonial possessions of Spain will exceed the expenditure by 100 million reals, which will be at the disposal of the Treasury. TILE KING OF THE GREEKS. COPENHAGEN, June 4 (Evening). King George of Greece left this afternoon on board a Russian steam corvette. BELGIUNI. BRUSSELS, June 5. The King and the Count and Countess of Flan ders left for Liege at 6.30 a.m. to-day to await the King of Prussia, whom_they will accompany as far as Charleroi. TURKEY. CONSTANTINOPLE, June 4. Lord Lyons yesterday presented to the Sultan the Queen's invitation to Loudon, which was accepted. The date of his Majesty's departure is fixed for the 22d June. HUNGARY. PESTI!, June 4, Evening. The Emperor will receive to-morrow the deputa- tion who are to represent the Diet at the coronation. The coronation has been officially fixed for Satur- day next. A mixed sitting of both houses of the Diet was held to-day, in which Count George Karolyi, and the Ex-Chancellor, Baron Nicolaus Yap, were selected to guard the crown of Saint Stephen. The selection was received with acclamations. In the Lower House of the Diet the proposed inaugural diploma, the form of the coronation oath, and the bill referring to the abdication acts of the Emperor Ferdinand and Francis Joseph were agreed to to-day. The proposition of the extreme left, that the coronation should be postponed, was rejected. The Diet voted 50,000 ducats for the Emperor, and the same amount to the Empress, to defray their private expenses at the coronation. Count Amtrassy will perform the duties of Count Palatine on the corona- Another letter of Kossuth to Herr Peak is ex pected to be published here. FRANCE. PARIS, June 5. The Gala representation at the Opera yesterday was very brilliant. Three thrones were erected, on which their Majesties were seated, the Czar in the middle, with the Emperor Napoleon on the right and the Empress on the left. There were also fourteen arm chairs for the various Princes and Princesses present. Their Majesties were well received. The King of Prussia will arrive here to-day at 4 Pm. His Majesty will be received at the Railway by the Emperor. BOURSE, June 4, Two o'clock.—The amount of business being transacted to-day is very limited, and at lower rates than those current at yesterday's close. Three por Cents., which opened at 70f. 60c., are now offered at 70f. 37fe., or a fractional decline; and Italian Fives are weak, with a fall of 45c., viz., at 52f. 75e. Credit Mobilier Shares have receded llf. 25c., to 398 f. 75c., whilst Immobilicre remain unvaried. Railway shares are generally dealt in at yesterday's prices. English Consols are telegraphed with an advance of one per cent. Three o'clock.—The marke closed as follows : 4} per Cents 7O 30 Do. end month 3 pr Conte. 92 50 Do. end month 7O 40 Credit Mobilior 392 50 Do. end month Credit Foncier — Do. end month 1492 50 Bank Shares 2500 Italian Loan 52 75 Do. end month 52 75 Mexican Loan Do. Bonds — Spanish Throos nom() Debt - Deferred RAIL' Orleans For Account. . 89G 25 Rorthorn 1220 Lyons and Mediterranean 912 50 Southern 575 Western 562 50 Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard 412 50 North of Spain SaragosEa Roman, OVERLAND INDIA MAIL. We have received via Marseilles papers from Bombay to the 13th and from Calcutta to the 9th May. The following is from the Bombay Gazette:— " Mr. Dickson, of the Bengal Bank, is in Bom bay, and has had several interviews with the direc tors of the Bombay Bank. lle awaits instructions from Calcutta regarding the suggested alterations in the terms of amalgamation first offered by the Bank of Bengal. A deputation of the shareholders of the Bank of Bombay has had an interview with the Governor. his Excellency expressed objections to the State being a shareholder in a public com pany, but would give an early reply on the subject of the support which the New Bank of Bombay might expeA from the Government. The leading natives of Bombay have presented an address to the Hon. Mr. Erskine on his retirement from the Indian civil service. The railway communication between Calcutta and Jubbulpore is uninterrupted ; between the latter place and Bombay there is only one break. 'rile weather is warmer than it has been for several years. The public health is satisfactory, and cholera in the north and west is rapidly subsiding. Tele graphic communication has been interrupted, and the messages delayed by a hurricane, near Mirza pore. A famine is feared in Upper Burmah. Re ports from the famine districts in Orissa continue favourable. A telegram received from Pon dicherry of the 3d inst. states that the light house in that port was on fire. A licence-tax defence fund has been formed in Calcutta for the purpose of resisting illegal assessments. The extra fortnightly mail between Bombay and Suez has been discontinued during the ensuing monsoon. Several raids have taken place on the southern frontier of the district of Silhet. The Bombay Landing and Shipping Company is to be wound up voluntarily. A destructive fire occurred last week at the haymarket, in Byculla, Bombay, destroying property \did' has been valued at about a lakh of rupees. The creditors of Mr. Rustomjee JanEetjeo Jejeebhoy have resolved that his estate should be wound up by trustees, The total value of imports into British India from May to December, 1866, (both inclusive), was £29,598,319, and the total value of the exports £27,996,988. Missionaries of all denominations are exempt from the operations of the Licence Tax Act. The Viceroy, who is now at Simla, is to hold a levee at Peterhoff, on Wed nesday fist. The collector of licence tax at Cal cutta has, it is said, been instructed to suspend pro secu! ions against defaulters ; and it is conjectured that this must have been in consequence of some telegraphic communication from the Secretary of State. Mr. G. Campbell, president of the famine commission, and who has been appointed chief com missioner of the Central ProviticA, proceeds at pre sent on a visit to England. The state of the river Hooghly, according to the Englishman, is again causing considerable anxiety' in connection with ships of large draught." TILE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBURG.—Yesterday a series of papers on the übjo,A, of the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg was issued from the Foreign-olliec. The papers comprise the treaty (the complete text of which has boon already published), correspondence between Lord Stanley and British ambasmlors and diplomatic agents, and the protocols of the conferences held ill Loudon during last Laolith. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. The great flower show which opened yesterday, with moderately auspicious weather, and which is to continue open until Saturday, weather or not, is certainly as near perfection in all departments as the emulative skill of the best horticulturists in the world could have made it. The extension of this floral fete over five days is a most acceptable improve ment upon the more usual plan of taking away at night the plants that have been brought together in the morning. That it is possible, with care and ex perience, to preserve the finest botanical display in perfect condition for a longer period than one short day of ten or twelve hours was proved by the un qualified success of the International Exhibition of Horticulture, on the site of the building of 1862. That enterprise showed what could be done in main taining a vast and attractive show of the most deli cate and perishable flowers in bloom, for a time sufficient to enable thousands and thousands of visitors to inspect at leisure the beauties of an art which, as the regular quoters of Shakspere tells us pretty often, does mend nature, and_ is the nature that it mends. This time, there is no less likeli hood than there was then of the show lasting out its full term of splendour. , The blooms of azaleas, pelargoniums, roses, and other flowering plants ap pear to be in that stage which is most favourable to the hope of continuance, and at the same time there is no reason for early visitors to regret their preci pitancy in having preferred the first to the last days of the fete. The show has been admirably arranged, under the direction of Mr. Eyles, the superintendent of the gardens, in a spacious tent, 300 ft. in length and 150 ft. in width. The middle area for a considerable space is sunken, so that, on entrance to the higher ground, an imposing view is obtained of the entire display. At one end are the roses, Mr. W. Paul's blooming conspicuously as usual. Down the central line of the tent a series of tree ferns, one or two of which attain the height of at least 20ft., has been contributed by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, Mr. Williams, and Mr. Bull, the ord•r of merit accord ing with the sequence of names as they are here placed. Round the bole of each fern a distinct character of display has been aimed at with success in every instance. For example, pots of strawberry plants, in prolific bearing, are exhibited by Mr. J. Fraser, of Lea-bridge, as the ornamental finish for the base of one tree. Next it is observable an ela borately varied yet harmonious bed of foliage and flowering plants, by Messrs. Henderson and Son, and similar to a show made by them the other day at the Botanic Society's fee. Another and larger miscellaneous collection, surrounding one of the most majestic of the tree ferns, will repay a very careful and minute inspection. A Bornean plant, the Cypripedium Stonei, a perfectly new variety, is exhibited by Mr. R. Stone, gardener, to J. Day, Esq. ; and who also shows a Cattleya Dowi', in which the combination of colours is wonderful. Messrs. Veitch have in the same enclosure many ex traordinary productions of their fostering skill and care, the chief of all, perhaps, being a hybrid Alocasia, the parents of which, Alocasia Veitchii and Longiloba, were exhibited merely to show by contrast the distinct character of the hybrid. Tho Adiantum Farleyense, a native of Barbadoes, also found a place in the same parterre, the exhibitor being Mr. Robert Veitch, of Exeter. On the sloped banks of the terraced walk running round the pavilion the principal display of pelar goniums was made by Mr. Charles Turner, Mr. John Fraser, and others. Among these elegant plants, covered with bloom, might have been pointed out several which were on show in the Regent's Park last Wednesday—an argument in itself for the practicability of keeping such objects before the public gaze longer than is usual. The prize-win ning pelargoniums were the strikingly vivid Lord Clyde, the Ellen Beck, the Sainton-Dolby, the Countess of Waldegrave, the Godfrey Turner, the Lucy, and, in fact, all those tried varieties which have established themselves in the favour of nursery men and amateurs within the pant season or two. On the upper ground the azaleas made a dazzling and sumptuous appearance, lining the sides of the tent very richly, and helping the general effect in a most notable degree. Among the larger objects of the show deserve to be specially recognised a splendid pair of Dracaena species, standing one on either side of an opening for visitors to pass up or down. The array of ferns contributed by Messrs. James Ivory and Son ; the orchids of Mr. Penny, gardener to 11. 11. Gibbs, Esq. ; and the same descripton of plants by Messrs. Jackson and Co., aided conside rably to establish the general character of excellence ; while everywhere the numerous and perfect speci mens of horticulture supplied by the.Messrs.Veitch, who undoubtedly stand foremost as producers and exhibitors of new and rare plants, raised the stan dard of excellence to the highest pitch. Their Majestic Pandanas Veitchii, the same that attracted so much notice at the International show, reap peared yesterday with undiminished prestige. As the afternoon wore on, the weather seemed to promise better and better for the four days which are to follow. A fashionable assemblage took up all the chairs upon the terrace and lawns, and would have taken up more if they had found them. The band of the Ist Life Guards, and another band which, for the reason that it is not worthy to be named in the same day with the former, need not be named at all, played alternately till the arrival of the time for dismissing the company with " God save the Queen." ,A meeting for the election of Fellows took place, in the course of the day, when twelve new candidates v►ere added to the list, among them being the Hon. C. W. Wentworth-Fitzwil- Ham, Col. John D. Scott, and Dr. Moxey. 77 1 ERMO-ELECTRICITY. A thereto-electric pile, as our readers know, is formed of rods of two different metals soldered together alternately ; a difference of temperature at two points of junction induces an electric current. This principle has been lately applied by General Morin in a very ingenious manner to the registering of minute variations of temperature in a given medium. His apparatus is composed of fifteen brass rods and as many iron ones, constituting a thermo-electric pile of fifteen couples. Suppose ono of the soldered. points of junction to be kept at a constant temperature, the freezing point for instance, then another junction being situated in a given medium at another tempe rature, a current will be excited in proportion to the difference. The existence of this current is mani fested by the deviation of a magnetic needle, the electric fluid previously passing through the bobbins of a common multiplicator. The needle itself is suspended by a silken thread. Let us now suppose the needle to be situated in the plane of the mag netic meridian, and to be provided with a vertical shaft proceeding from its centre and supporting a copper needle at its lower end. As copper is not magnetic, it cannot exercise any influence on the desired result ; and being parallel to the iron needle, arid, consequently, in the same vertical plane with it, will strictly indicate the same devia tions. A horizontal disk of white paper, situated under this copper needle, and supported by a verti cal shaft, which revolves by clockwork, completes its entire revolution in the course of an hour, being in fact neither more nor less than a dial-plate which, instead of being fixed and provided with moveable hands as in a common watch, or rather chronometer, is itself moveable round a fixed hand, which is re presented by the copper needle. The latter has a sharp vertical needle point fixed at its lower sur f,ice. At the expiration of every quarter of a❑ hour the paper disk suddenly springs upwards, meets the sharp point, and is thus pricked by it. This mark will show what was the position of the needle at a given hour ; and as this position marks the degree of intensity of the current, which is itself but an exponent of the temperature of the medium under consideration, it follows that by this contrivance the variation of temperature which has taken place in the course of a quarter of an hour is registered. We need hardly add that the paper disk returns to its ordinary level as soon as it has received the mark of the needle.—Galignani. SIR A RCIIIBALD ALISON.—We regret to hear that Colonel Sir Archibald Alison (the now baronet) has been confined to his room at Fossil for the last two days, with an attack of ague, accompanied With; a, cousiderabL) degreo of fever.—Glasgow Herald. oz Court - . .4t tint HER MAJESTY, &c• BALMORAL, June 2. The Queen drove out yesterday morning, accom panied by Princess Christian. In the afternoon her Alajesty, accompanied by Princess Louise and Prince Leopold, and attended by the Duchess Dowager of Athole, drove to the Lynn of Quoich. _ . . Prince and Princess Christian went out driving. Dr. Jenner left the Castle for Lon lon. The Rev. Dr. Caird arrived at the Castle. JUNE 3. The Queen yesterday attended Divine service in the parish church of Crathie. Prince and Princess Christian, Princess Louise) and Prince Leopold accompanied her Majesty. The Duchess Dowager of Athole and the Equerry were in attendance. The Rev. Dr. Caird, Chaplain to her Majesty, officiated. In the evening Dr. Caird and Mr. Walpole bad the honour of dining with the Queen and the Roya l Family. THE ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA. Brilliant Success of " Don Carlos." The event—emphatically the event—of the operatic season of 18G7 came off last night on one of the noblest arenas of the lyrical drama in Europe—the stage of Covent Garden. And it resulted in as brilliant a triumph as the admirers of Signor Verdi's genius as a musician, or the supporters and en couragers of Mr. Gye's rare enterprise, and still rarer abilities as an operatic manager, could in reason have anticipated. Whatever those antici pations may have been, the " east" certainly afforde d them every encouragement, being in effect as fol io ws—Elizabetta di Valois, Mdlle. Pauline Lucca, La Prinessa d'Eboli, Mdlle. Fricci ; Tebaldo, Ackermann ; Rodrigo, Signor Graziani ; Filippo 11., M. Petit ; Grande Inquisitore, Signor DA' gagiolo ; Un Frate, Signor Fallar ; Un Braid° , Signor Rossi ; and Don Carlos, Signor Naucli e ; With such artistes as those, aided by the skilled chorus and the almost peerless orchestra of th e Royal Italian—and all of them brought into perfect concord by Mr. Costa's Prospero-like wand as Conductor—the latest manifestations of Verdi capabilities as an operatic composer were ser e ' of course—before a note was heard—of adequs te interpretation. But now that the ordeal of the first night's public performance of "Don Carlos," here is England, has been passed through, the succ es A B achieved, through these agencies may be pronounce' to have been complete and unmistakeable. t : anticipative apology was proffered on behalf 01 M. Naudin before the opera commenced, but his admirable singing throughout proved it to 115/0 been altogether unnecessary. As to the flits en-scene, it could hardly have been sur passed—whether drill, dresses, appointments' scenery, or machinery were looked to. As affordiug corroboration of the announcement here made of O il latest, and certainly not least, among the numerous triumphs already achieved under Mr. Gye's operatic management, let us subjoin the pick of the opinie l3 l put forth in regard to last . night's performan ce ° " Don Carlos," as those opinions are expressed by the chief among our morning contemporaries. The Times, of to-day, contents itself with remark' ing little more than that—Last night Mr. Gf e fulfilled one of the most important promises of hie, prospectus by producing an Italian adaptation el Verdi's last grand opera, " Don Carlos," with th e splendour and completeness to which the fre quenters of his theatre have been accustomed since Meyerbeer's " Huguenots " was brought out in 1858. The Morning Post says of " Don Carlos" is an opera in which Signor Verdi's music is, bore° doubt, the finest that he has composed. it is dramatic in the best sense of the ive r i j that is to say, it fits the subject perfectil every individual personage, every body personages, every scene, of no matter w hat de scription, being properly characterised by the tnee le ; Accordingly there are no songs in " Don Carlos el f which one can say that they have been written f e d the sake of the singer. But it must not be imaginem that it that the opera is deficient in melody. 011 contrary, it abounds in melody, which is el hat of a much higher order of beauty than t",ja to* which the composer has accustomed us in 'a other works. Nor must it be supposed We, moment that this fine music, because not S P o cially written ad captandum, is not likelDmia exercise any charm on the general public. , as interesting and as striking as it is 1111,„0.4 niably beautiful. The musical critic of t he adding in conclusion—We cannot remember ey .. first night at which more genuine expression s of _a thusiasm were elicted than at this first represen; tion of the Italian version of " Don Carlos,'' widiot terminated at a little more than half an hour p midnight. The Morning Herald not only observes that th° ar" first performance of Verdi's new opera " IW, C OO los," took place last night in presence of one 0 1 , er most crowded and brilliant audiences we remeni_uoa to have seen at the Royal Italian Opera, but goe s i, it to chronicle its triumphant success, which ilicl?eutro declares, was never in doubt from the brief m ai d, duction to the finale. The band, says the Ile r as io did wonders, oonsidering the difficulties of the in e , and the comparatifely short time given them f °r _ b r io hearsals, and the chorus were almost irreproaclo , throughout. In short, adds the critic, the perf°trtl33ho ance of " Don Carlos" last night was one 0 ' re . most remarkable " first performances" ever membered, even at the Royal Italian Opera. l et The Daily News takes occasion to record the; ng of its production and favourable reception, a'igri that the performance last night was in every respect admirable. The same critic , renaar'-ot, afterwards in regard to the scene in the s econd a o f before the cathedral, with its various gr° lll : se 1 1 11. s, people, monks, and soldiers in glitteri n g cair : that it was one of those grand effec ts of as stage management peculiar to the Royal ).t3 Opera. t it The Telegraph says of the new opera O a t hat contains the most carefully considered laltisi° Verdi has yet given to the world." f a ct ail There can be but one opinion, ill t ' o oo B to the eminent success achieved last evening by Signor Verdi as operatic composer and by r irr Gye as operatic manager, as well as by all the of the cipal artistes to whose skill the interpretation .° varied merits of "Don Carlos" were entrusted.. TOO GOOD NEWS TO BE TRUE. . We are authorised to contradict the reporva 15 have been in circulation for the last few days as t ° . t t b o tontion of the Queen to endow a convalescent 1100P1;:,--• The Manchester Guardian of yesterdaY 0/000 " The statement that Mr. Chaplin had devoted X131.'11010 the Hermit's winnings to the restoration of Cathedral is contradicted " THE DUKE OF RousslLLos.—Origirles, "M ; ig V °tl: tions, Philologio et Monuments Antiques, p ar 31. ' fi e a ls ' il ___ -------........ d l u c li e ou , 5 3 5 7 i110n, ire pa.rtie, prim Four Shillings/ cl;('eniel:4l i o s ri p , ul;lish ' ed B° i l or re :: n e , o a f m t l isie; wanderings ni.e ncto nio-Lsqounaciroen.:This work, written Ciinnno.ian nationalities. It begins with the Seythians Red 00 5 , in the Eastern athn l e: the stone monuments of Sabeism discovered b 7 th°f' and lmt n y shoes ancientth e r accheasr tinaut,el ri t s r t i ut be : an,oeltr:hotorst,htteadSafaiyres, Aonsi.peytiirsi3O:catiibti:ot HoNESTY yronees, his own country. i 0 01 not take a • - 'tad purse, yet who would steal what is a to ii P 4 t o. , —many men there are who, for the Woria,...wiec value importance. An Instance has just r e3c d so o ' h w a h v e e reafirm of long standing, Messrs. Ro stand, 50 D ort , acquired a high reputation —a " good naine, „,,giere6 a to u r a the value of those articles which they have cliS'l„,iiiati prepared for the toilet. Learning the reputation 701,9. attached to Messrs Rowlands' preductions, O tae ~,, :W I tocepers ot SMALL repute, by a new and despicable :111 t fraud, have concocted some trashy aiticles, and c ,, s od , endeavour to pass them off as "Mac ' Oionto," thow4li a glance at the signature, vilicli„,o the that of 3lessre. A. lOwland and Sons, at once csoaviolot s purchaser that he is lyiying not the real roductiou, the tpurious and trashy imitation. We forbear MentiOnil.slll names of parties, in. the hope that tha hint pit gill. prevent a repetition of practioGs so injurious And VP° ICalydor, opt