The Sun. — London, England, 1870-09-06 00:00:00

THE WAR. THE REVOLUTION IN PARIS PARIS, SUNDAY. We live in strange times. Each day has its own sensa tion. We had - not recovered from the overwhelniing news from the seat of war when we heard at our doors the ominous murmurs of " D4cheance !" " Vive la France !" "Vive la 116publique !" In truth, it is no wonder that the long irritated people, maddened by the continual de feats of their army, which was so long the admiration of Europe and the boast of France, incensed by the knowledge that they have been treated as children and kept in the dark on what concerned them most closely, or - rather have been deluded. by promises of victory and triumph which the promisers must have known to be illusory, should take their hffairs into their own hands, and elamour for a change; not of names, but of the whole system. the lash few days have been fruitful in events, but this Saturday and Sunday have epitomised marry a long volume of history. On Saturday, for the first time, the veil was fully withdrawn and in place of the news which Count Palikao had told us he was keeping back for strategic reasons, but, which, if known, would illuminate Paris, came the startling announcement of the total collapse of Mac- Mahon's army, UV° capture of the Emperors the surrender of the whole force, the wounding of the General himself, and, in fine, fire complete and disas trous defeat of the army on which the hopes and expecte, tions of France have been for many weeks centred.. For once the Ministers have spoken truth. A great misfortune has befallen the country, and the people who have so obstinately persisted inmaintaining that Prussiawas at her last resources, and that the cry " ABerlin " would speedily be raised with fresh vigour, are painfully undeceived. Happily France is really a great nation in spite of all mistakes and boastings. Her people have risen to the emergency with a fortitude and a dignity worthy of them. They manifest no panic, only grave and deep-seated anger against those who have so unjustifiably misled them, into a war for which thay were ill-prepared, although the duty of preparation rested with those who provoked the combat. The emotion produced in. Paris when the disastrous rumours which were current were officially con. firmed was very great, and spread from the Chamber to the people. As soon as the intelligence had been corn. municated to the Deputies, M. Sehneider,, the President, proposed the adjournment, for the Ministers themselves had not, he said, had time to deliberate, and every one re ouired time to reflect on the situation. M. Jules Favre in a few brief words agreed to this, but de clared that his party demanded the deposition of the Bonaparte dynasty and the establishment of an Executive Committee invested with the powers requisite for repelling the invader, General Trochu remaining in charge of the capital. This proposal was listened to in profound silence, only broken by the voice of M. Pinard. who said, "We have not the power to pronounce the deposition." The sitting broke up with no further ex pression of opinion. Scarcely had the echo of the disastrous news com municated to the Chamber died out, when groups might be seen forming everywhere in the streets. A band of from 1,1500 to 2,000 persons marched on the Boulevards des Italiens, Montmartre, and Poissonniere, uttering various cries. At the head of these men, among whom were Gardes Mobiles sharpshooters, walked a group of individuals carrying eight flags. About sixty sergeants de vile suddenly appeared on the scene, and rushed on the band, and in a short space of time the streets were deserted. Between nine and ten a band of three or four hundred persons went before the hotel of the Governor of Paris crying out "Vive Trochu !" The boulevards pre sented the same appearance as on previous evenings, and on all sides the disastrous news of Sedan formed the chief topic of conversation. When one of the crowds was passing the station of the National Guard in the Rue Rivoli they paused to cheer it Trustily amid cries for the dEcheance. Further on they reached the gate af the former Minister of State, where the Governor of Paris now resides, and would not rest until the General himself appeared. He was pale, with tears in his eyes, but was full of fire and energy neverthe less. " You asked for me, gentlemen," he said calmly. " Here I am. What do you- want of me ?" " We want news," cried a voice. "Gentlemen," replied the General, " it is a disaster un paralleled in history !" " Proclaim the deposition ?" cried several. "Gentlemen, lam a soldier. I have taken au.oath. To break that oath would be a breach of honour. The Chamber must answer you." This speech was loudly cheered, and the cry, "Do the Chamber !" was raised. Later in the evening the same band, which had considerably increased in numbers, passed by the bridge of La Concorde, and called for Gambetta. Gambetta appeared and harangued the crowd for some fifteen minutes, advising them to be calm and confident. " Gentlemen," he said, "at the moment when the head of the state has fallen into captivity, let us shew by our digni fied attitude that all the imputations they have charged against our party were nothing but odious calumnies. At this time there can only be one thought—the people— but the people must rise and repel the foreigner, who is intoxicated with his triumphs. Let us shew Europe and the world that Patriotism and Revolution can be synony v mous terms. Paris holds in its hands not only the for tunes of the country, but the fortunes of the French Revolution." He was interrupted by cries of "Vive Gam betta," but resumed—" No, gentlemen ! Do not cry Vive Gambetta,' or vim any man. There should be but one aspiratiori from French hearts at this moment—' Vive la France !'" And as the extremities of the crowd shouted for the deposition, Gambetta -continued, " I am going to rejoin my colleagues? I swear to you that to-morrow shall not pass without our having adopted resolutions, manly and worthy of the nation. But we must not ap pear to act under pressure from without, I ask you to retire, and to leave the environs of the Corps L6g,islatif free." The crowd, on being, further pacified by the as surance that an extraordinary sitting of the Chamber would be held at midnight, . retreated peaceably, appointing a midnight rendezvous outside the Palais Bourbon. At half-past eleven some 200 or 300 curious spectators gathered about the doors of the Corps L6gislatif. A cordon of sergents de ville kept the gates on the side of the quays; those on the Place de Bourgogne being kept locked. Four or five persons led by M. Driolle succeeded in getting into the court of the Palais. They were met by General Lebreton, of the Corps Ldgislatif, who took the porter roughly to task. "M. Dr&lle is nobody here !" he exclaimed. " There is no sitting. It is only a meeting, not a regular sitting, and you have done wrong in admitting strangers." Several jour nalists who, as a matter of course, were of the party, pro tested, but there was no mollifying the general, and they wore compelled to retreat At this moment two squad rons of the Paris Guard came up with some foot soldiers, and took up their stations. All over the Esplanade des Invalides and the Champs Elyse& could be seen the throngs of eager watchers awaiting the issue of the sitting. "Not yot ! not yet ! It is not yet time," they were saying openly. At one o'clock bands of unarmed citizens marched through the boulevards, exclaiming, " Vive la France ! The nation is not lost." ' The nation, in point of fact, is discovering its real strength in this hour of humiliation, and Paris is no longer the brilliant butterfly, but the stern self respecting guardian of the national honour. "The Prussians are not yet at Paris-," one hears on every side, and this morning the workmen of the neighbourhood crowned the monu ment representing Strasburg, which stands in the Place de la Concorde. This display was loudly cheered by the passers by, and, in fact, the day of ill us i ons, of apathy, of false security is over. The few Prussians remaining in Paris were roughly expelled, some, indeed, being incar cerated in the prison of La Roquette, and thelong delayed and long-desired permission was given to the Parisian ar mourers to sell the chassepots to the National Guard. All day the excitement has been indescribable, and the troops have been stationed round the 'Tuileries and the Corps L4gislatif. The whereabouts of the Empress and of the Prince Imperial is not distinctly known. The Indepe e dance Beige states that the young Prince is at present in Belgium, as the guest of Prince Chimay, but this state ment is contradicted. As for the Empress, she is said by 'the Patrie not' to be at the Tuileries, but that is all. She seems to have preserved more presence of mind than the Emperor, and has, it is said, written to Prince Napo leon to ask him to return, but he has refused. There was a talk of a petition being presented to the Corps L4gislatif, asking-that the Prince be deprived of his title and rank, of his State allowance, and his seat in the Senate. This, h owe ver, was prior to the eventful S aturday. Happily as yet perfect good humour seems to prevail, the people being apparently pacified by the ready concessions to their wishes. Great anxiety is, felt. All th IHE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1870. PLAN (J PAL AND ITS FOUTIFICATIONS. 'GRAPHICAL L,TAGT 4 7 G 5. shops are closed, and even the cafes have everything pre• pared for a sudden closing. The National Guards, as they walk, carry their muskets with the butts in the air, as a sign that they are in harmony with the people. The hopeless fall of the Napoleonic dynasty from its high estate is a very evident fact. The busts of the Emperor were pulled down In all directions, and the Portraits of the Emperor and Empress in the Hotel de Ville ball rooms were thrown out of the window and trampled upon. Many persons, however, express mutt sympathy with the Empress. As might be supposed one of the first consequences of the new order of things has been the release of Rochefort from St. Pelagie. He 'is no longer the hero of the hour, but was nevertheless escorted by an immense crowd and carried on a triumphal car. " The Rochfort cried many, but the cry of the hour is " Vive la Republique c but G W 3 .54, actuated by a spirit of mutual.forheafaliet they will make the country incur great risks. In the sincere desire to serve the interests of France the Chamber has given its support to men whom at other times it would have denounced and dismissed. The Ministry should respect tht) wishes of the Chamber, and by this means it will increase its own power and authority. the army, broken, dispersed, and demoralised, capitulated to the Prussians. A . - special ,correspondent, writing from Bouillon on Saturday night, says on Tuesday a contest took place at Beaumont with two regiments of the sth corps of De Failly, just as the latter were about to take dinner. The French troops were exterminated. This success allowed the Prussians to advance in the direction of Ba zeille and Carignan, where M`Mahon was to meet them on Wednesday, fighting the whole of the day, with a result which has been interpreted as a victory on both sides. It is certain, at all events, that there was no defeat of the French on that day, that the Prussians suffered much more heavy losses, and that MacMahon retired in the most perfect order, and with 'lle other view than to bring himself under 'the protection of Sedan and M67,l6res, both of_Which Offered to him shelter and protection. It was. -undoubtedly •an enorinons. -mistake to allow himself 'to be placed so near neutral territdry; but it remains to be seen how .far he was forced to . do so both by the cwerwhelming, forces of the enemy, and by the wish of securing the nearest possible way of communication with Metz and the army of Bazaine. The troops of the two German Princes—the Saxon Corps and that of the Crown Prince—numbered over 200,000 men, against Bazaine's 120,000. Of the latter, 30,000 belonging to Failly had already been demoralised by the defeat of the previous day. Early in the morning of the Ist the signal for a general attack on the part of the • Germans was given by gun shots, which were distinctly heard here. From that time can nonading never ceased till late at night ; and op the next morning Napoleon sent to King William his sword from w ithin the walls of the little town, which was surrounded on all sides by the Prussian troops. We had :here late at night, on the 31st, great num bers of peasants from the neighbouring vil lages coming to Belgium with all they could scrape together ; but of what was going on the next day no idea can be given. In less than half a day the popula• tion of Bouillon had increased by some 8,000 souls, in addition to which the afternoon brought up some 200 or 300 French soldiers, exhausted, defeated, hungry, and many of them wounded. The number of offi cers amounts to 18, there being a cavalry general 'among them ; and their unanimous verdict was that everything was lost, that MacMaliOn was wounded, that De Failly was shot by his own soldiers, and that the Emperor had been seen entering Sedan, but that there was no chance of his ever getting out of it. All the surrounding villages were on fire, and heavy black columns of smoke were not only to be seen from here, but their smell is still plainly distinguished in the air, which is full qf the screams of the poor peasant families who here took their refuge, and who see now their homes burning. A correspondent of the Siecle writes, in the field near Virton, on the knapsack of a soldier who was driven, in company with 150 of his comrades, on the Belgian terri tory. He declares that his news is very serious, and the day of the Ist of September must mark from, henceforth, as one of the most inauspicious days of France. After a furidus combat, where the French fought one to three, the left wing of MacMahon was beaten and driven back on Sedan. From another source it was reported that' Bazaine, who had combined his movement with that of MacMahon, had been sent back on Metz_ Writing from Florenville. on the Belgian frontier, he says that Paris remains to save France, for since the day before MacMahon had no army. The battle lasted for three days on both sides of the Meuse, from Beaumont to Sedan, and in the valley of Chiers from Carignan to Baseilks. MacMahon's army supported during three days the combined attack of three Pyussian armies, that of the King, that of Prince Frederic, and of the Prince of Saxony, and at last the army of the Crown Prince came up to give the coup de grace. The streets of Florenville were crowded with carriages and around them were stationed whole families in distress, without bread, and without rlielter. They were French emigrants who asked shelter fromßelgium, the Prussians havingburned all their effects. They have destroyed the villages through which they passed. On the thirtieth of August General - Failly bivouacked with 18,000 or - 2Y,000 men near the village of Beaumont-Sur-Meuse. It was midday,- the arms were put aside, the artillery in its parks, and the soldiers employed in making soup, when they were suddenly attacked by a Prussian Corps of 80,000 men. They had neither scouts nor advanced guards. The enemy opened fire at a distance of 600 metres with all his artillery. The French had not time to draw up theirs ; but the soldiers did not fail in courage, and sustained until evening the terrific charge of the enemy. When night came those who were not dead, which means the least in numbers, were compelled to retreat and abandoned their' encampments. It was reported that Gentral Failly was killed. On the Ist .of September the great battle took place; The whole army of Mac- Mann war drawn up in line on the right bank of the Mense, and the Prussians were an tim opposite bank. The cannonade commenced at three o'clock in the morn ing, and until two o'clock the French had the advantage. From the heights on the Belgian frontier they were seen to be advancing on the Prussians, and drowning them in the river. But after that time a new force of the enemy, believed to be that of the Crown Prince, entered in the line, and compelled them to retire on Sedan. At nine in the evening the cannon still sounded. It is be lieved that there were engaged in this battle as many as . 4.00,000 men, 250,000 Prussians and 150,000 French. If these figures are correct the battle of the first of September will have been one of the most sanguinary of the century. The account states that it was raining in torrents, and the wounded had not been moved. The Prussians remained in possession, and from afar could be seen the red light of the burning villages. Bazaine was• reported before Metz with 27,000 wounded, and the typhus fever in their midst. THE STATE OF FEELING IN PARIS. The correspondent of the AWandard, writing from Paris on Saturday evening; says :--The Government has tardily made up its its mind to divulge the double disaster which the arms of France have suffered, and the absurd untruths hitherto published respecting the three days' battle having prepared the public for news of a victory, the unexpected disclosure of •the truth in all its fearful reality has caused a general feeling of stupor. Paris, as I write, is fairly stunned by the unexpected blow, and a pall of mourning has settled down on the city on the official in timation that instead of the Jena confidently announced by the semi-official organs, France has experienced another Leipsic, and two of her finest armies, commanded by the elite of her generals, have been utterly disabled. It was - not until the afternoon that the terrible news brought by the London and Brussels papers began to ooze out, and anxious crowds commenced assem bling round the Chamber; but it was not until half-past three - that M. Schneider took the chair, and almost imme diately M. de Palikao ascended the tribund and made the following statement The Government has received no official information, but though not official, the news that had come to hand was probably true. The first item concerned Marshal Bazaine. After a vigorous sally an d a com b a t which had lasted' eight or nine hours, the Marshal had been compelled to retreat to Metz. That news was not good. It implied that the attempt to effect the junction of the two armies had failed ; but there was no reason to hope that another attempt might prove sue ' cessful. The second item concerned the battles which had taken place betweeri Metz and Sedan. There had been a series of successes and reverses, but overwhelmed by numbers, our troops had been compelled to retreat to Sedan and Mezieres—a small number of our soldiers had even been compelled to seek a refuge on Belgian territory, but he repeated they were but a small number. The situation was serious ; the Government had determined to summon the National Garde Mobile to Paris, and with the forces already concentrated in the capital, everything was ready for its defence." This declaration produced tremendous sensation. The further report of the sitting I shall forward by tomorrow morning's mail. The significance of M. de Palikao's declaration cannot be over-stated. It means the two armies of Bazaine and MacMahon are utterly disorganised, and that there is now no army between the Prussians and the capital. Under circumstances of such fearful Import it alight be expected that the semi-official prints and the papers which go in for flattering the mob would, at all events, tell the truth at the eleventh hour. Nothing of the kind. The Liberia this evening has the incredible audacity to gull the public with the following " news " : r " The following information is supplied to one of our contributors by the Foreign Office Details derived from the most authentic sources enable us to affirm that MacMahon, after having on the 31st gloriously retrieved the check sustained on the 30th by the corps of General de Failly, won, on the Ist of September, a brilliant victory tine victoire adatante). He only fell back under the guns of Sedan lest the enemy, rendered furious by these two defeats, should unite his forces and surround him. Entrenched in that formidable position, ha has nothing to fear from mere numbers, and may do the Prussians a great deal of harm: Bazaine has fought two days and two nights without intermission, and when he withdrew under the guns of Metz, the enemy, exhausted by enormous losses, was not in a condition to molest his retreat. The news we receive from Luxemburg does not permit us to doubt that the neutral ity of the Duchy was violated by the Prussians.'" The same veracious print informs us that the French free corps, which is said to have invaded the Duchy of Baden, have been prouided with two bottles of petroleum per man, for the purpose of firing the Black Forest. _ r..........•••.•• ' _ --,... .- - -77: — .....„ • -<:'--- -• '--,--:-,,.._. :: 7 --,,;.„_, .... . 130 0 11 u SLE . C . pr Ige P / I \- ARGENTEUIL- _. ; COAT 4 -, ) - - , • -- C)1 - :, , e IV 4,,,,t 41.... x JO - 4 - rEbas . 047 ~. .. / 7 ~. 441 //' , ?) I •! r FORS DP VEST -- -- /;', it , ///' • 4, -' (4, ..'........ 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At she o'clock a French _staff offices went with a flag of truce to the head quarters of the Prussian army to propose terms Gf capitu lation: He was told that they must treat with General O'Reilly, the Commandant. The General went hi his turn, and was told -that the Frencth army being unable to . defend itself, mus,t surrender at diseretin Up to this time there was no- idea of the Emperor being present in the French camp, andthe silence that was kept on eo important a matber by the flag 'of truce was after- wards severely blamed. All at once a shout was raise, in the Prussian camp, " The Emperor is there." Nearly at the same time ass autograph letter of the Emperor Napoleon's was brought to the King of Prussia, in which he said that as he could nob die at the head of his army he laid down his sword before the King of Prussia. The enthusiasm which prevailed in the Prussian army was im mense, the soldiers threw down their arms and embraced each other, believing that the war was finished. In a short time the musicians played spirited airs, but were ordered to leave off for fear the conquered army might think themselves insulted. Bismarck was sur rounded and congratulated. He replied that he had done little, and that they must thank the King and General Moltke. On the 3rd of September the Emperor went to the Prussian head-quarters, more as a visitor than a prisoner. He was in a caleche, accompained by severs generals. Two TJhlans on horseback marched in front of the caliche ; Napoleon was very calm and smoking a cigar. THE FRENCH PRESS ON THE CRISIS. The Slide says that at last the people of Paris so long torpid and so long deceived, have awoke and regained possession of themselves. The day of the third appears to have been decisive. The National Guard, and the entire population, united in the [Jame sentiment utter the same cry—War to the death to the Prussians. The depo sition ! Long live the Republic. Nothing less than such an awakening could have enabled us to issue from the abyssof grief and shame in which the Empire has plunged us, and to make a stand against the victorious enemy who is marching upon our capital. It is not only a change of scenery which is necessary, but a change of system. Our rulers feared the people and refused to give them arms to secure the maintenance of the dynasty. It is by the people that all must be done. Before all things it is necessary for M. Pietri to leave the Prefecture of Police, that the sergents-de-ville should become soldiers, and the Garde Nationale take upon itself the care of the great city. Men who enjoy the confidence of the people must organise the national defence on all the chief points of the territory. The safety of the country depends on these conditions.,. The Patric exclaims that their dearest , hopes are deceived, for after an heroic battle their soldiers have been crushed by the number of the enemy. Marshal MacMahon, seriously wounded has died from the effects of his Injuries. France is de- feated, but, as they said before, not crushed. She rebounds from hey misfortunes ; she is ready for the greatest sacrifices, and, drawing new strength from misfortunes, she will yet avenge the cruel defeat which her armies have suffered. In order to attain success two things are necessary : first, for a complete union to be established, and next for a powerful organisation Of military resources to take - place. There are two powers in France which have issued from the universal suffrage—the first of thee powers is a prisoner, and reduced to an unfortunate state of inaction ; the Chamber alone remains, and it is neces sary for it to act with promptitude.. Our military re sources, adds the Fabric, are still considerable. General Palikao, who hitherto has neither deceived himself nar us, has said that with the active forces of the nation he could expel the Prussians from France. Let us, then, resist with energy ; and spare no effort. Let us struggle without respite or relaxation. Honour is safe ; let us save France. The Figaro refers to the Proclamation of Ministers, and says :—" To this last appeal of men who are worthy of all confidence the nation will reply by making a supreme effort. The manly and patriotic energy with which the proclamation has been received by the Parisian popula tion affords a sure guarantee of its success. The crowds of citizens who press round the doors of the mairie of Drouot have received the news of our reverses with cries of " Vive la France ! " without making any complaints which could recall the memory of past political disagree ments. It is not despair which we see depicted on the faces of the lookers-on, but the desire of vengeance ; we cannot but realise that the great days of 1792 have re turned, and that the hour of heroic awakening has sounded. The country is again in danger, but the reso lution which has animated All hearts gives us the as surance that now again the country will be saved. The Journal des DfbatB says that in the days of trial are passing neither through which they nor, the Chamber can reasonably expect to push the exercise of their rights to extremity. If they are not SCENES IN PARIS: FRATERNIZING OF NATIONAL GUARD AND THE PEOPLE. The Paris correspondent of the Times gives the follow ing animated description of the outbreak of popular feeling -on Saturday night and Sunday morning under date, Sept. 4, 1.30 a.m., he says :—We have just had one of those changes which would be startling in its sudden ness if any change in the aspect of Paris could be rapid enough to take by surprise those who have watched it during the last few weeks. For many days there has been a perfectly marvellous calm, at least in the Outward aspect 'of affairs. I scarcely know how to account for this almost lethargic attitude of passive expectation, unless it is to be, compared to the stillness which suddenly comes over the most excited group of gamblers at the moment when some resolute player is preparing his last and heaviest stakes. How ever, it is scarcely - worth discussing now, for already it is •klmost ancient history. There is, a gulf between thi morning and to-night. The news for which Paris has so long been passively waiting has at last come, and has thrown the whole city into a fever of excitement, all the fiercer, perhaps, as a reaction from the recent calm. As I:came along the principal boulevards this afternoon saw at once that something important had happened. Groups were forming everywhere, eagerly listening to excited disputa - fits, each new-comer with difficulty believ ing that such terrible tidings could have been given in the Chamber itself and from the lips of the Minister of War. The reverses of Bazaine and MacMahon must be crushing indeed thus to break down the hitherto rigid barriers of official reserve. Every moment the Boulevards became more crowded, and the buzz of general conversation louder and more animated. Between eight and nine o'clock processions began to form, and I followed on:.s. n Lid' was making its way through the crowds on the pftvement with a very resolute, business-like air, uttering but one jollying cry, " Vive la France !" It led me, as I expected, to the Ministerial offices in the Place VendOme, but be fore we got there it was swallowed up in the conflux of other larger processions, and, in lieu of " Vive la France!' ' " La Dechdance ! la D 6 cMance !" became the watchword incessantly shouted or chanted in stentorian tones, of an immense mob. I did not at the moment know whether it was aimed at the Emperor or the Ministry, but other cries I heard soon afterwards shewed that the people were almost equally ready for the overthrow of both. I have' used the word " mob," as it comes natu rally to hand when one is hurridly describing seenes of popular commotion in the streets, but it suggests a scarcely fair or correct idea to Eng lishmen who have known London since the "reign of the roughs " began. My neighbours to-night were -most of them well-dressed men, belonging apparently to the respectable classes, and, notwithstanding their great excitement, their behaviour was orderly in the extreme. They did not wait long in the Place VendOrne, and, fuiding that they were starting for the Tuileries, I hurried on ahead in order to get a place near the gate, which was most likely to be the centre of attraction. On my waY a decidedl significant scene—a highly ' suggestive " sign of the times"—presented itself. We had to pass a group of the National Guard on dutY and rifle in hand ; but this did not prevent their eagerly fraternising with the crowd, and one of them was so outspoken and so. extremely liberal, to say the least, in his views of the political situation of affairs that two delighted Republicans then and there insisted upon kissing him. His less ardent companions had nothing more serious to undergo than vigorous hand-shaking all round, but the fraternisation was evidently so cordial and sympathetic on both sides that if those National Guards at all represent their brethren, the Government are not likely to find them of much use in putting the people down. It is •said that on the day of the re-opening of the Chamber for an extraordinary sganee they refused to obey any order to fire upon or even charge the people ; but I saw th en now h ere any suc h symp t o ms of fraternization "avec effusion" as I saw to-night. The crowd had to wait some time in the open space between the Palais Royal and the Tuileries, and its impatience • naturally found vent in cries even less complimentary than "La Decheance 1" though this still remained the first favourite ; " Vive la Republique I" made not a bad second, and " A bas l'Enzpire !" came, I think, third. I only once heard "A bas l'Empereur 1" although through out the 'evening especially since the news •of his capture has arrived—the orators of the Boulevards have not spared to speak of him with the profoundest con tempt, a feeling which has been gathering for weeks, and has now come to , a head. When a cavalry soldier happened to ride up, and a few of the more. turbulent spirits wanted to prevent his passage in the Tuileries, their opposition was at once overruled by the indig nant remonstrances of the majority. It was evi dent that the demonstration was well in hand, and when at last the gate opened, and General Trochu appeared, the delegates, seemed perfectly satisfied, and immediately agreed upon an adjournment to a house in a neighbour ing street, at which the Deputies of the Left usually hold evening conferences. Having a carriage close at hand, I again got a start, and was at the house in question when the crowd approached it. I shall never forget the orderly, disciplined way in which they slowly moved up to it, uttering not a sound, probably to prevent the alarm being given to the police. The Deputies had not met that evening at the house, and though the concierge, ,not the least dismayed at the number of the callers, or their unexpected visit, most politely offered to send for a Deputy "if the gentlemen would wait a few minutes," the offer was not accepted, but another adjournment—to the house of M. Jules Simon, at the Place Madeleine—was immediately put and carried nem. con. I accordingly hurried off there to secure a seat for the expected oration of M. Simon, but we were all again doomed to disappointment. When the crowd—or rather only this time a very small detachment of it—came up, M. Simon was not there, and one of his friends ear- ) nestly deprecated any further " manifestation " as, to say the least, unnecessary, s the Chamber meant to settle everything next day. It did not seem then to be known that an extraordinary seance was to be held at midnight. Possibly thii was an afterthought, on account of the Emperor's reported capture and the surrender of 40,000 Rench troops. THE LAST GREAT BATTLE. The details furnished by the correspondent of the Standard relative to the last great battle are very interesting :—"Although I shall only know in the evening the results of the day, and although shall have missed about three hours of the battle field, I can decidedly announce to you that to-day will certainly be marked in the annals of war as one of the most sanguinary contests which perhaps ever toot place. I have observed since daylight all the movements, and up to two o'clock a rapid and continual. cannonade is increas ing, and an infuriated and desperate fight is going on on both sides without interruption. From my observatory at the flank of the battle-field and within about two miles of r it, I Can distinguish nearly all the movements. New corps d'arm6,e arriving successively round the hills, columns advancing and retrograding, batteries of artillery taking new positions or annihilated in the middle of the confusion. I try to appreciate the number of troops en gaged—l should say at least 300,000 men. The battlefield comprises a space of about four miles, on the line between Carignan and Sedan, in a north-west direction; it embraces a large tract of country right and left of the Meuse and Chiers rivers. It encircles the vil lages of Balan, Waldencourt, Bazeilles, Nonilly, Douzy, and Brevilly, the village of Telaigne being its extreme point to the south-east, Sedan the corresponding point on the north-west, the centre of the battle being at Douzy, at the junction of the Meuse and Chiers, on a plain nearly three miles in width, at six miles from the Belgian frontier. As early as two o'clock this morning the cannonade began and the attack commenced ; at four o'clock a.m. the French army had fullY 'advanced from Sedan, and from that hour the whole of the artillery werr engaged, and the battle wrs developed in all its fury. Up to half-past eleven o'clock the French had been winning ground, their progress forward being per fectly sustained, and the retiring of the Prussian columns to the south and the withdrawal of their ba,tterles were perfectly noticeable. At a quarter to twelve a standstill of the principal corps d'armde took place, which lasted about twenty minutes, and the engage ment began again along all the line with Increasing fury. At that time the position of the two armies was exactly thus. The French army, with its right wing sustained against the fortress of Sedan, turning back to the Belgian territory, was occupying the villages of Balan, Bazeilles, Douzy, up to the Douzy sugar works, and mastering the point where the rivers Meuse and Chiers make their unction. The Prussian army occupied the villages of Telaigne (Carignan side), Brevilly, Nouilly, and Wal dencourt, their staff being at Noullly. The confluence of the two rivers is about the centre of operations, and for the last two hours, up to two o'clock, the battle encircled that spot, the struggle concentrates around it, and the possession of it will likely remain to-night to the victorious, and decide the day. I have left the battle-field for two hours, but, from the small village of Messincourt, only four miles distant, I hear the cannonading going on with the same sustained regularity. It will be most likely the greatest slaughter of human beings which •ever took place in one day. Amongst the different incidents I noticed in the morning, I have seen the destruction of a full regiment of Prussian Dragoons by a powerful bat tery of mitrailleuses, and nearly in the same time a French brigade culbute by Prussian artillery. Since eleven o'clock the village of Waldencourt is on fire. As I have not been able to ascertain exactly if any other corps d'armee than the one of Prince Frederick Charles and Steinmetz are engaged On the Prussian side, I cannot give any faith to the news that the army of the Crown Prince has arrived, and joined in the contest. I certainly saw in the morning a Prussian corps of about 30,000 men with vowerful cavalry, arriving freshly on the battle field, but was it not the reserve Prussians from Carignan, or perhaps the vangnard of the Prince of Saxony's army ? Impossible to communicate for the last two days with•the' French staff. lam nearly separated from them by the Prussian battle line ; I can only appreciate and conjec ture on what I witness, but I shall endeavour as soon as I can to join the French generals, and I shall complete' my outline sketch by the real details of the affair and the . enumeration of the corps de armee engaged on both sides. Four p.m.—l am off again to the battle-field, and dis patch my letter to the Beigian frontier." [ADvEraisEmENT.] Holloway's Pills. Fevers and Febrile Complaints.—ln the summer this type of diseases usually makes its appearance, being occasioned by the miasma of decomposing animal and vegetable matters evolved by the sun's heat, probably aided by the sudden electric disturbances in the atmosphere. These purifying Pills and specifics for arresting the transit of the fever poison through the frame, and for expelling all morbid matters from the blood. They ward off diseases by rousing the liver to increased action; while they regulate the impulse of the heart, and steady the circulation, they improve digestion and stimulate the kidneys. Holloway's Pills act so mildly that they are particularly, efficacious in removing all febrile disorders, without irritating the brain or nervous system. THE BELGIAN,.PRESS. The Indepenciance Beige publishes a despatch from its London correspondent, stating that - Lord Granville intends proposing an armistice. All the neutral Govern ments are agreed in advising Germany not to dismember France, which would perpetuate the war. L'Etoile Beige, writing on this intelligence, says that European diplomacy is, at last, of opinion that the time for intervention has arrived, and perhaps by a prompt and decisive movement the diplo matists may now make us forget its former failures and the negligence anti want- of foresight which allowed this terrible war to break ant unprepared. But it must be. acknowledged that this time diplomacy will have a most arduous task, all the more sobecause it will be as difficult to make France cease a desperate strife as to obtain a wise moderation front victorious Prussia. L'Etoi/4 Beige goes on to discuss the situation in Paris and speculates how long the authorities will en deavour to keep the people in the darla " What," it asks, "will France, who has been rocked until the last moment in idle illusions and falsehoods, say to this news ? What will Count Palikao say—he who bift a few days since hinted that Paris would be illuminated if he only ven tured to make known the' facts which he was keeping concealed in the interests of the public. If the Indepenclance Beige is to be believed; Count Palikao has not told the truth to the Empress who on Friday, up to a late hour, knew nothing of the capitulation of the army of MacMahon or the capture of Napoleon 111. Must we insist on the epilogue of this imperial tragi-comedy ? Must we chew the caricature of Caesar entrained in the rear of the armies, hiding himself at the moment of the murderous battles, and finally surrendering himself in an open carriage, his cigarette in his mouth, driving to the quarters of the King of Prus s i a as if he were taking part in some grand gala.w In another part of the paper the Ministerial proclamation tothe French people is published., and l'Etoik Beige adds the significant comment that the Ministers merelymention the capture of the Emperor incidentally at the close. A v 97 little mare would have made them forget it altogether. And thus finishes the EmPire THE BATTLES OF SEDAN. A military correspondent of the Times gives the follow ing account of the disastrous . battles which have ended in the capitulation of MacMahon's army, the surrender of the Emperor to the King of Prussia, and the overthrow of the Imperial dynasty :—On Tuesday last the Prus sians, having occupied the woods near Beaumont, suddenly surprised De Failly very much as they had done at Wissemburg, and after a severe action fought on Tuesday afternoon, in which some of the Marines particu larly distinguished themselves, De Failly, with consider able loss, repassed the river and- joined the mein army. On that afternoon the Emperor was at Carignan, but later in the evening the orders for a retreat were given out, and, leaving one division near Carignan, the rest of the army threw back its left and occupied the heights between Bazeille and Francheville. Early on the morning of Wednesday the Prusstan army, having crossed the Meuse, opened a heavy fire upon the right and centre of the French position. The division left at Carignan fell back close to the Belgian frontier, and, after , . - making a long and useless detour with no enemy near at hand, got one brigade into position to the left of Francheville at about 2 o'clock in the afternoon. In the meantime a heavy fire had been going on, especially on the French right, without any decisive result, but rather favourably for the French. At about 1 o'clock the Prussians pushed down a considerable cavalry force, and drove a crowd of French stragglers into the woods near Francheville, but a division of French cavalry deploying on the heights to their left checked any further' advance. Towards 4 o'clock the tire slackened on both sides, and had almost ceased long before dusk. Soon after daylight on the morning of Thursday the battle recommenced with a heavy cannonade on both sides. During the night the French left hadbeen still further reinforced, and their line now extended from Bazeille by Givoque to the heights in front of La Chapelle. Thus their right rested upon the Meuse. and their left upon Belgian territory. In the , meantime the Prussians had occupied the heights of Francheville in force, and had brought up some fresh corps not engaged on Wednesday. They searched the woods on the Belgian frontier with clouds of light cavalry, and pushed forward to the attack ef La Chapelle, which they carried with eat', at about 11 o'clock, the village being defended only by a battalion of Frans-tilemis. The attack upon the French right and centre, which occupied a strong position on the main road from Bouillon to Sedan, with a sluggish and wooded stream running along the front, had not been successful ; but after taking La Chapelle the Prussian left advanced rapidly, and pushing back Lebrun's corps in utter disorder, together with five cavalry regiments on the French extreme left flank, completely turned Givoque. The French division on the left fell back in utter rout upon Belgian territory, and the cavalry, galloping wildly from the field, broke up into small detachments, and sought safety in the immense woods of St. Cecile. The French right still resisted stub bornly, but, passing the Meuse near Donchery, the Prussians threatened their communications, while their completely victorious right gradually hemmed in the remains of the army of MacMahon. MacMahon himself had been wounded, and by five o'clock the whole French army was in full retreat in a disorganised state in the direction of M6zieres. About 7,000 men had already reached Belgian territory, and the roads near the frontier were blocked with deserted caissons, while cavalry, infantry, and artillery, all mixed together, still crowded wildly on. The Prussian cavalry pushed for ward on their right, and by 7 o'clock the French army rarly surrounded. At eight the Emperor, who had in Sedan, sent in a proposition to surrender himself, and at 10 on Friday morning he did so in person, while BIRTHS. On the 2d inst., at Eaglebrow House, Lymm, Cheshire Mrs. T. P. Norris, of a son. On the 2d inst., the wife of Captain H. D. Hickley, R.N. H.M.S. Tamar, of a son. MARRIAGES. On thej st inst., at Christ Church, Ealing, B.f,T. Batty, of Yorkshi re , to Amy Louisa Davis, youngest daughter of C. T. Davies, Esq., of Ealing, Middlesex. On the Ist inst., at St. George's, Bloomsbury, Sp e ncer, younger Son of the late Henry Pratt, Esq., to Sarah Louisa, second daught er of Joh n F armer, of Putney. DEATHS. On the Ist inst., at 30, Blessington-road, Lee, Kent, John Pitcairn, Esq., of Lloyd's, aged 83. On the Ist inst., at Middle Deal, Edmund Taverner , Esq., aged 62. London : Printed by GIDEON ACLAND BOYCE, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, and Published by him at THE SUN Office, No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of Ile Savoy, n the County of Middlesex. Tuesday, September 6, 1870. t C I o -eeth N T C l ari d , -_____._ C' than While vge,, noie O ttee, to R. 248, h\A fic'rat Nib Il[ th e 2tig. p B,k„ /.., itoib 9r _e,, z ,e, , a di E 11 4 s. 4' ..,_ 1 4 t he 1 Il.l'''. ol b ~,, Oi 1. t Thi outi Cur's S afq esPe( for tl Bank