The Sun. — London, England, 1828-01-01 00:00:00

MAGAZINE DAY• Leith a new year we again v'relcome the ap pearance of these periodiqals, which afford so much delight and varied entertainment, blended with so much i:astruetion. The Ma,qazines of the present day are a striking exemplihcation of the " march of mind," and the progress of libe ral opinion. The genius of education now per vades every class—even the beggar boy can read the sign. post by the road side, and bend his weary way to the busy h aun t s o f men, where h e may one day, with the noble spirit of emulation, t spire to wealth or celebrity. The decided im provement in the literature of the present day is evidently owing to the increasing enlightenment of the public mind, which infuses energy into those from whose genius it demands a gra tification commensurate to its wants. 1f know ledge be power, the more it is diffused abroad, the more powerful, and consequently more happy, will be the condition of the people. On this principle we wish hearty success to the Magazines, and, in short, to every publica tion having for its object the dissemination of sound knowledge, liberal ideas, and enlightened principles. BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE. The present number contains •..irmric good arti cles, and one very bad one—we mean of course, politically bad—and that is entitled the Battle of Navartn, but as we have thnroughly dis cussed its topics in another place, we shall not trample un " the fallen." The article on " Christmas Dreams," and that on " Christmas Presents," are well adapted to their particular purpose, but possess nothing extraordinary. The " Bachelor's Christmas" appears as dull as his lonely fireside at this season of convivial joy. Indeed it is when all the rest of the world can gregate to be happy, that the Bachelor feels he does not belong to the community. His hopes are entombed in the chamber of regret. " lie bath no friesds—cr if that name they men, 'Tis for his substance—when the shadow's gone ! His menijs wait—and act their tutored part,-... But none may share the burden of his heart When sickness sinks him on the conch of Wee, No tender partner soothes affliction's throe : No heaven-sent pledges of connubial bliss Weep o'er his bed, and give the parting kiss ! No prayer, unbought, shall wish his soul to rest — He lived unenvied—and he dies nnbtest! Resigns that being which he 1:61 in vain— An useless link in Nature's social chain." The article on " The Causes of the, decline of the British Drama" is not sufficiently prac tical, and floes not enter into the teal merits of the case. We could say much upon this ques ,ion, but time and space both conspire to pre vent us to-day. If dramatic poetry be the first— the highest species of composition, how degrad ing to our national pride—how gelling must it be 5.3 our national genius to behold its decay ! But the Ghost of Hamlet must not revisit the moonlight glimpses of modern delicacy, and affected refine ment of taste. Even Shakespeare--idolized in his ,rave—would endat!ger his own i mmor t a li t y by re-appearin g t o give a corrected e diti on o f w orks, that sho c k, while they enchain admi ration, by the witching mastery of his genius— ' Glancing from Earth to Heaven, from:Heaven toEartb. In all the boundless license of enraptured ima gination. " Notes of a Journey in the King dom of Kerry," is a very pleasing article, which derives additional merit, from the unassuming pretensions of its gifted author. The other ar ticles may be despatched in a line—they partake too much of the spirit of the season, to be relished by any except those who have dipped in the Nodes, till their senses ran riot in the anticipa tion of another howl.—Waiter—.l say, waiter ! " New Year's a coming, Sir." The following is the most poetical passage in the number, and the best_ in " Christmas Dreams" : " Let not the Time be computed by the lights and sha dows of the years, but by the innumerable array of vi sionary thoughts, that kept deploying, as if from one eter nity to another—now in dark sullen masses, uow in long array, frightened, as if with spear points and standards, aad moving along through chasm, abyss, and forest, and over the summits of the highest mountains, to the sound of etherial music, now warlike and tempestuous—now, as `from flutes and oft recorders,' accompanying, nut 'mans of victory, but lizmats of 'etace. That Life, too, seems, now that it is gone, to Lave been of a thousand years. Is it gone ? Its skirts are yet hovering on the horizon—and is there yet another Life destined for us? That Life which we fear to face,—Age, Old Age! Four dreams within a dream, ae then we may awake in Heaven !" : s .'4EW MONTHLY MAGAZINE. The most curious and important feature in the present number of this Magazine, is decidedly Mr. Leigh Hunt's Recollections of his late friend and patron Lord Byron. We have not yet seen he volume, but, from the specimens here given, conclude that it is more to be commended for is style than its charity. In something less than fourteen pages (for the extracts do not exceed this) we are taught to believe that Lord Byron possessed every petty fault and folly that even a puny retail cockney shop-keeper in Cheapside or Houndsditch would be ashamed—from their very insignificance—to acknowledge. Mr. Hunt —making good use of his time and his mate rials—has provsaf, or endeavoured to prove—iu these fourtee n pages, that his friend was a coward, a coxconfo, a man destitute of common honesty, (never paying his debts but on compulsion) a heartless egotist—mean—waspish—jealous —en vious and malignant. If he even amused him self with humming a tune, " it was" says Mr. Hunt, " done in a swaggering style, though in a voice at once small and veiled :" if he hap pened by chance to hold his pocket-hand 7:erchief in his hand, it was " in order that his jewelled fingers might lie imbedded on it as in a picture." " I doubt ;reatly whether he was a man of courage." 1 bis is disingenuous in Mr. Hunt. Surely his m . determinati o n t o re main to the l as t mo ment Missolonghi, and perish under its walls sooner than yield, argued something akin to bravery. Besides, no other than a man of courage, would have been a tra veller (frequently alone) in such countries, as his Lordship visited, while yet a youth. But even had he put forth no very striking claims to this quality, the common courtesy of a gentleman al ways takes for granted the existence of courage in another, until its existence be disproved. When they rode out for the first time together, Mr. Hunt pretty broadly hints that Lord Byron was vexed because he rode so well, and told him so in a tone of manifest chagrin. This, to say the least of it, is improbable. " Lord Byron," adds Mr. Hunt, " had no conversation." This is l i the very remark that his Lordship communicated to Mr. Murray, respecting his biographer. Envy ? probably has some share in this splenetic opinion:: for it is not likely that the autho r of the finest tonversational—if we may use such a term 4 poem in the language, could himself be veil deficient in that respect. " Lord Byron, pursues Mr. Hunt, " was superstitious," but we will not even allow this to be genuine' as if he was "thereby afraid of conced ing a point in favour of his late friend. " A the highest pictures in Lord Byron's poetry," h 4 remarks " were imitations " (is Heaven and Earth,' with all its simple yet awful imagery ; one of the noblest poems that the !Inman imagi nation strung to its loftiest moods ever yet put forth—is this an imitation ?ifit be so, it is like Milton, an imitation of the Divinity !) so in the smallest of his personal superstitions he was maintained by something not, his own." His biographer goes on to state, that " the love of money, even the gratitude he evinced when it was saved him, had not taught him the only virtue upon which lovers of money usually found their claims to a . good Fonstiatetton ; lie did not like payinc, n 'debt, and would undergo pestering and pursuit to avoid it." We really cannot and gill not believe this of a man who sacrificed so much to the Greeks. HiS Of his title Mr. Hunt. put faith on every opportune occasion ; he remarks, in addition, that his Lordship was an ill-read man, (he certainly had not studied in the corti-ey school, whether of politieSMorals—or religion)—and that he disliked Sandys' Ovid-, because it re minded him of his marriage-day. He was also, it seema, jealous o f Mr; dint, because he could lay '`d Itre piano, " knew nothi ng o f t h e Fine. Arts, (whence conic the eloquent criticisms in Childe Harold, 4th canto), pronounced Reu bens a dauber," and, in faet., did emery thing that was likely l.ii bring him down to the level of the most degraded, abject, heartless, and contemptible creature upon earth. There are some people (the majority of whom are to be found in the list of what is Called " intimate friends") who have extraordinary keenness and sagacity in hunting out the defects of their acquaintance, There is no putting such men off the scent ; they will track a fault through all the " High ways and Bye-ways „ in which it may lie couched, drag it forth into open day, and make the most of their shrewdness as sports men. By some singular obliquity these men can never espy a redeeming trait in their friends': they are peculiarly blind to their good qualities, and accordingly Mr. Hunt, whom we are sorry to see taking his place among these worthies, finds out (in solitary atonement for the monstrous mass of abuse heaped upon the de parted poet and patriot, who sang and died in the cause of freedom) that Lord Byron, when half drunk, was very agreeable, and admired his (Mr. Hunt's) conversation so much, that he re fused to let him leave him. " Then," says Mr. Flout, with no slight self.complaeency, "he was the proper natural Byron, as he ought to have been." In speaking thus of our biographer, it is but right to say, that we judge only from four teen pages of his volume; possibly the remainder may contain a salvo—if so, we have then wily to regret that some determined enemy of Mr. Hunt's should have thought it worth while to condense all the bitter venom of the volume in one single number of a Magazine, to which Mr. Hunt, we understand, is himself a chief contri butor. Of the remaining articles we have not much to say : the review of the " Red Royer" is spirited and judicious, and has an opinion of its own (this is a noVelty with modern p er i o di ca l strictures.) " Letters from the Levant" are eloquent, and true apparently to nature ; and " Table Talk Abroad" a pleasant, gossipping, and rambling miscellany. We subjoin an ex tract " You have seen Pitt, you say?" " Yes; - and, in the first and only instance, shortly pre- Timis to his death. I was in the Court of Exchequer, as he passed through it to join the other Ministers and Judges in the Exchequer Chamber, whence they were to proceed to the ancient ceremony of pricking for sheriffs. The appearance of national affairs was then most gloomy, and the public mind greatly disturbed. A crowd had assem bled for the purpose of beholding him, and it was with diffieulty that the officers in attendance could preserve a pileup for the Premier. He entered alone, hat in hand ; hut so sooner were his ears assailed with the cries of dis approbation, which broke forth from the mob on his ap. rearance, than, with somewhat of an air of defiance and of scorn, he placed it on his head, and firmly regarding those who on either side of him manifested their dis pleasure, calmly and slowly pursued his way. His face I thought singularly inexpressive of the high talent he pos sessed—not like his great father's. At times, and only at times, a few and not deeply-marked lines between the eye-brows gave sign, and (if considered) strong and effective sign, of powerful genius and deep reflection. Haughtiness appeared to me the prevalent character of his features, mingled with the spirit of ' high resolve,' of firmness and endurance. I❑ proceeding through St. James's Park to his office in Downing-street one day on foot, he was recognised by the crowd, which had front some other cause been attracted thither, anti be was accompa. nied with all the honours of mobility to the place of his destination ; but vain were the efforts of popular fury and clamour to arouse his indignation. He went upon his way unmoved; and gradually the noise subsided, until, as he reached his house, there was sufficient silence to enable him to he heard ;—there, bowing to the populace with ironical courtesy and respect, he begged leave to return them his thanks for the honour of the public escort which they bad condescended to afford him.' " His late Majesty having asked him if he had never thought of marriage ; I have never yet had time, Sire,' was the characteristic and laconic reply of the Minister." THE MONTHLY MAGAZINE. This is a spirited and lively number, and be gins the year, we hope, with a determination to reform—that is, to throw overboard its old bal last and take in fresh stock. The first article on " Personal Identity," may, we think, he identified with Mr. Hazlitt ; it is not in his happiest vein, but contains points (as is the case with even his very worst and most slovenly compositions) worth remembering. " The Major and Myself,"—penned as we understand by a well known comic dramatist, is worthy his light airy talent ; it is a piece of small autobio graphy, but must be read through, not cut up into extracts, to be appreciated. " Travelling Particularities" have nothing particular . but the name to recommend them. " Notes on the Month" are intolerably stupid—but this is no thing new. " Lord Wellesley's Administra tion in Ireland" is tame but useful ; a few good facts may be gleaned from it, and we recommend it accordingly. We have no space for extracts. THE LONDON MAGAZINE. This periodical has reached us so uncon scionably late in the day (12 o'clock) that we have little or no time left to speak decisively, either in its praise or blame. From what little we can glean ; it seems to consist chiefly of Re views—one of which, Lady Morgan's late Novel, is well and impartially written. " Th; Annuals," is a good analysis of a stale subject ; the past year is already dead, and some one or two of the " Annuals" are, we fear, in the same condition. We may revert perhaps to the " London Maga zine," or at any rate, extract from its columns, at some future opportunity. while the pulse of being beats high to the fond tune of " Home, sweet home," rendered still more endearing by the certainty that it can never be revisited: The first article in this num ber is marked by strong reasoning- mid a perfect knowledge of the subject. It combats, and we think successfully, the "claiin of the East India Company to the right of imposing takes without limitation." Nothing can be more monstrous than the assumption of such power by people who are in fact irresponsible in a great degree for the consequence of their acts. We know, that an immense Eiiipire like India must be governed by another fa shion to what prevails at home ; but then we think that the feelings and.the prejudices of the people should be at least. consulted before the en forcement of measures of such questionable utility. That their tendency, nay, their very spirit, is ai+itrary, Must be freely admitted; but cannot the Indian rulers of the present day, if they must introduce obnoxious measures, take a lesson from the examples of the past, and learn to tread more lightly upon the i qprests of that mighty population, who are onl' iettrained from action by ignorance of their own power. The Stamp Act lost us America—is it prudent to en danger the Eastern world by a second display of obstinacy, merely because the Directors will have it so ? An empire, like India, founded on opinion, should not be tampered with. The prize is too valuable to be risked : conciliation should, therefore, be the leading principle of our Government, from which the people will - derive increased benefit, and our power additional se- curity. We have not room for extract, nor of a de tailed criticism of the several articles, but their general tenour is good—i❑ many parts excellent. MA Arrived. Due. O America 0 O Brazil 0 O Buenos Ayres 1 Dublin O Flanders 0 1 France O Gottenburgh :3 O Guernsey & Jersey 0 DEC. 29. St. Patrick Incur. (per sh.) Royal Irish Ditto National Ditto Patriotic Ditto Hibernian Bank Provincial Ditto Royal Irish Mine Imperial Mine Mining Co. of Ireland Commercial Buildings AT a MEETING of the COMMIS SIONERS of the METROPOLIS TURNPIKE ROADS, NORTH of the THAMES, held the 21st day of December, 1827. ORD:CRED, That no additional Tolls for overweight be taken upon any of the Roads, under the superintendence of the Com missioners, after the 31st day of Decc.mber instant. By order of the Board, J. L. PANTER, Chief Clerk and Secretary. Metropolis Roads Office, Whitehall place, Dec. 21, 1827. NEW WEEKLY JOURNAL. TOMORROW, the 2d of. JANUARY, 1828, will ap pear the First Number of THE ATHENJEUM, a NEW LITE RARY and CRITICAL JOURNAL. Conducted by J. S. BUCKINGHAM, Esq., Author of Travels in Palestine, in Syria, and in Menepo tamia, and Editor of .‘ The Oriental Herald," and " Sphynx ;" assisted by a LITERARY ASSOCIATION, including some of the First Writers of the Day. This Work, being considerably larger than any Weekly Literary Journal hitherto published in England, will embrace a greater quantity, more originality, and equal variety, with its contemporaries, without exceeding them in price, being Eightpence per Number, or 11. 14s. Bd. per annum.— Published every Wednesday Morning, by W. LEWER, 14.7, Strand; and to be had of all Booksellers and News men in the kingdom. Orders should be given before the day of publication, by those who desire to possess the First Number, as but few surplus copies will be reserved. ORIENTAL HERALD. This number opens well with the New Year, and deserves our hearty commendations. Indeed we do not know a more acceptable present to those who have longings beyond the " Wide waters of the boundless East," than this repre sentative of Indian news, with all the attractive gossip of births, marriages, and other events which tell that a friend has remembered the land of his birth, and those dear tics from which humanity can never be severed PRICES OF IRISH STOC Bank Stock 2141A Consols, 2 percent. Gov. Stock, 3;:j per cent S9!i Ditto, New 4 per Cent. Gov. Deb. 3}C, per cent - Royal Canal Stock Grand Canal Stock City Deb. 4 per cent Ballast Office Deb. 4 v. ct - Arrived. Due. O Hamburgh O Holland 0 0 Jamaica O Leeward Islands O Lishon 0 0 Malta O Mexico 0 O Waterford 0 p c , ,;_y.,; rillr ! . ,_,_:...h.1.,„ ;c A ,, il *M 414 4 , 4; i`. "v,11.,. 1" -:,- ;rD ..a, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1, 1828. In a SECOND EDITION we shall give the SPEECH of the AMERICAN PRE- SIDENT, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, just received by EXTRAORDINARY EX- PRESS. We have received by express this forenoon Lisbon Gazettes to the: 22d inst. inclusive. The PRINCESS REGENT has authorized the general assembly of the Bank of Lisbon to in crease its capital by '2,500 shares, representing the sum of 2,600 Contos of Reis. Her Royal Highness has set a bright example of generous patriotism, by offering the Bank her jewels and private purse towards its present wants ; and it is expected that this noble example will induce all persons who possess the means of serving their country, by proserving this National Establishment, to come forward for the support of this National Establishment. The difficulties of the Bank of England, at certain critical periods, and its subsequent prosperity, are referred to as proofs of what can be done by the unanimous efforts of a people to support public credit. The following are extracts DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. TMEON, DEC. 16. The General Assembly of the bank bf Lisbon Laving, in the meting of the 13th instant, agreed in part upon the measures which it judged the most suitable to restore the credit of 50 useful an establishment, and 1 having taken into consideration that representation which it made to me yesterday, think fit, in the name of the King, and in con formity to Article IX. of the Law of the 31st of March, this year, to authorize the said General Assembly of the Bank to increase its earita! by 2,090 shales, representing the sum of 9,600 contos of reis. Signed by her serene Highness, The INFANTA REGENT. MANOEL ANTONIO DE CARVALIIO. Palace of Ajovla, Dec. 15, 1827. OFFICIAL-DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. LISBON, DEC. 17. Her Highness the Infanta Regent, in the name of the King, being made acquainted with the extraordinary re presentation of the Junta do Deposito Publico of Lisbon, dated the 13th of this month, sees with extreme grief in this document the spirit which unhappily prevails in that Junta, and for this reason orders it to be acquainted, that she takes no notice of so inconsiderate, unseasonable, ille gal, arbitrary, and seditious a representation, and deigns, for this time, to excuse the said Junta from the punishment which it has deserved, out of her Royal clemency; which you will announce to the said Junta for its information. (Signed) MANOEL ANTONIO DE CARVAL/10. Palace of Ajuda, Dec. 16, 18t7. To Sen. Joao Jose Mascarenkas di Azeredo e Silva. OFFICIAL.—DF.PARTAIENT OF THE INTERIOR. lasnow, DEC. 21. By order of his Excellency the Minister Secretary State for the Affairs of the Interior, and in Conformity Article 11. of the Instructions approved by the Rual Di tree of the Bth of October, 1826, the Deputies of the Por tuguese nation are requested to send in writing to this office a declaration of their places of abode, for the greater facility of delivering to them, without delay, the mossages Which may be forwarded to them. LISBON, DEC. 21. On Sunday the ICith, her Serene Highness the Infanta Regent was pleased to give audience to the President and Secretaries of the General Assembly of the Bank of Lisbon, who, in fhe nat‘ie of that assembly, had the honour to kiss her Royal hand, expressing in the most respectful manner the lively gratitude with which that assembly was filled by the generous offer which her Royal Highness had been pleased to make of her jewels and private coffers, to meet the present urgent wants of that establishment. It is to be *sinned that such a noble and spontaneous instance of generous patriotistli net as a powerful stimulus to those who desire the preservation of use of the useful national .establishments which has been of such great benefit to all classes of the State. The temporary embarrassment which has interrupted its operation will be speedily removed, if an honourable and uniform co-operation of the richest • capitalists seconds the desires of her Royal Highness, which have been so nobly and so generously manifested. The 13ank of England offers an example of what patriotism can do when, animated by noble sentiments, it submits to asy sacrifice to maintain the national credit. This great establishment, the meat immense and the most powerful of nil that exist, experienced a similar crisis i❑ 1796, and also in 1812, when it suspended for a time the payment of its ❑otes, and yet it afterwards recovered still greater credit, supported by the unanimous efforts of British patriotism. We have received this forenoon the Nurczn burg Correspondent of the 24th ult., and the Allgenzeine Zeitung of the 26th. The former contains a speculative article from the Banks of the Danube, in which it is assumed that hos tilities with Turkey will not immediately follow the departure of the Ambassadors, and that, as Baron OTTENFELS will remain, hopes may be entertained that he will ultimately succeed in convincing the PORTE of its real interest being to accept the mediation of the Allied Powers.— The crossing of the Pruth by an advanced Corps of the Russian army on a vague rumour of move ments amongst the Turkish forces, and the line of conduct hitherto pursued by the Austrian Ambassador seems to render it probable that neither of the results contemplated by the writer will be verified : FROM TliE DANUBE, DEC. 19. The probable departure of the three Ambassadors from Constantinople, draws the attention of,the public to many important political questions. In general it is not believed that immediate hostilities will be produced by it, especially because it is not conformable with the usual proceedings of Cabinets, for the Ambassadors themselves t• be authorized to give the signal for war, before they have received posi tive instructions from their Courts. It appears, too, that the naval forces of the Allies, scattered as they are, and weakened by sending home so many damaged ships, are not at present sufficient at the same time to act offensively against the Turkish marine, and to check the piracies of the Greeks ; besides the march of the Russia,' army into the principalities seems difficult at the present season, and might, perhaps, not be agreeable to the two Allied Courts, who at present do not seem to make any preparations for embarking troops. These are calculated to give credit to a report that the three Ambassadors, consulting their dig nity and the consistent policy of their Courts, cannot indeed remain longer in Constantinople, but that the Austrian Internuncio, who is said to be provided with the most ex tensive full powers for this purpose, will leave nothing un tried to continue the mediation with the Divan after 00 Ambassadors are gone ; and it is hoped will succeed at length in opening . its eyes to the real state of the case, when it shall be zonvineed that the real sentiments of the Alties are satisfactorily manifested by the conduct of their Admirals towards the two parties. The last despatches to Baron Ottenfels are said to be be of the highest importance in this point of view. VIENNA, DEC. 24. Metalliques 68 13-16. Bank Shares 1041. At the time of our going to press, no fresh adviccs had been received at any of' the Govern ment Offices from Constantinople, or from the Archipelago ; nor have we yet received, as we had expected, yesterday morning's Gazelle de France. The occurrence mentioned in the German Papers, to which we alluded yesterday, of two Pulks of Cossacks having crossed the nut!), in consequence of a report that a body of Turkish Cavalry bad crossed the Danube, shows the complete state of readiness of the army under General Count WITTGENSTEIN to advance into the Turkish Dominions, and that it has orders to do so upon any hostile demonstration by Turkey, without waiting for instructions from the EMPEROR or his Government. No sooner did the report of an act of hostility by the Turks reach the advanced guard of the Russian army, than, without waiting to ascertain whether the rumour was founded on fact or not, the army was put in motion, and an act committed which might of itself lead to war between the two Powers, even if other circumstances did not exist to render such a result more than probable. The aggression, though committed under a mistake, and immediately desisted from, by the retreat of the Cossacks to the opposite side of the river, will necessarily form fresh ground fur complaint by Turkey. Russia has committed the first act of decided hostility, and the PORTE has a just right to expect such an apology for it as Russia, with her present views, will never consent to make. If a doubt, therefore, could exist in the mind of any man before that war would not take place, this event must, we think, in a great measure, dispel such doubt. Now, indeed, i it is generally believed that the arrival of M. RIBEAU riEitnE at Odessa from Constantinople will be the signal for the commencement of war. If so, Russia will undoubtedly act in a manner not con templated by the other Powers, who signed the Treaty of the 6th July. That Treaty does not sanction the invasion of Turkey. Its specific object was the pacification of Greece ; and, al though its Secret Articles bound the Contracting Parties to ulterior measures, in the event of the PoRT E refusing to accede to those terms which the Allies demanded for the more speedy accomplish ment of the grand object of the Treaty, still we are bound to believe that our Ministry never even contemplated the necessity of consenting to the invasion of Turkey by any of the Powers, bi ' cause she would not consent to measures whic for the sake of humanity, and the interests f, Europe generally, were deemed proper to IR taken with reference to Greece. If Rus l i a therefore does advance into the Turkish territo'y, she evidently will do so in violation of the prin ciples of the Treaty ; and, we are convinced, con trary to the intentions of, both the other Allied Powers. Under these circumstances the occur rence which has taken place must, as demon strative of the intentions of the Russian Go vernment, be considered one of the highest im portance, and calculated to excite considerable uneasiness at the present posture of affairs. We have never hesitated to express our apprehensions respecting the views of Russia with respect to Turkey, and every day convinces us that we have not formed an erroneous opinion of her inten tions, nor felt unnecessary alarm at her warlike demonstrations on the frontiers of tilt Ottoman Empire. lastTh n s: iiet t e i rr n9 yemf b ,cet e ,tar r t:t.u o chrl f ee soßlnii:tcyirc:k liberation Treaty Greece, ar z cse , e r t a i,b z iael i lne ci io e b c o e y s t: contains n ve hich t followed, and which have terminated in the battle of Nayarit]. At the same time, if we retrench all the hard words and strong epithets with which the writer in this work sets forth his statement, we shall find that no great weight of argument remains, and that the case which he has made out chiefly rests upon a misconception of the Law of Nations, and a misapplication of its principles. It is in truth the special pleading of a zealous partisan, who holds by forms while he lets go the substance ; who sees all on one side, and nothing on the other ; who is eo keen to give hard blows that he leaves himself defence less and open at every point. According to this writer, Great Britain has lost every vestige of her former fair character by the late transactions ; she has placed herself on a level with Pirates and Freebooters ; she is, in short, sunk " to the lowest point of degradation ;" and to deepen the shade in this picture of dishonour, she is held forth as having been heretofore a model. of all that is honorable, pure, and virtuous ; a " splendid example" of all that is " upright and chivalrous ;" the only nation incapable of violating its faith, and staining its in tegrity. To hear the high-flown eulogium of this writer, we would imagine that those who formerly ruled this country were exempted from the common frailties of humanity ; that they went to war without any of the passions which prompt mankind to such extremities, and that wielding as they did the formidable weapon of a resistless navy, they used it with such Utopian moderation, thoughtfulness, and humanity, that the whole world was conciliated, and that throughout the wide precincts of our naval domi nions not a murmur was ever heard of the op pression of the weak by the strong. But now we are told all is reversed ; we have fallen from our high estate, by having concluded the recent league for the protection of Greece, which is characterised as " monstrous, abominable," as an " eternally infamous treaty of' piracy and spolia tion." The three nations are termed " three great national pirates"—they are compared to " thieves ;" and their manifesto is termed " piratical." Now, what, it may be asked, is the transaction which is stigmatized by all these obnoxious epithets ? It is simply this. The Greeks having long groaned under the most atrocious tyrannies and cruelties, at length finding the opportunity favourable, rose on their oppressors ; a bloody conflict ensues, in which this brave and suffering people, after a noble struggle, are in danger of being overmatched by the successive irruption of Turkish armies too powerful to be opposed. A scene of almost indiscriminate ruin and massacre commences— the country is given up to pillage ; it is abandoned to a lawless banditti to ravage it, and to oppress and murder the peaceable inhabitants. Women and children are seen flying from their homes to perish in the mountains, and pursued by the vengeance of barbarian warfare ; cottages are given up to the flames ; fruit trees arc rooted up ; and it appears to be the intention of those irritated barbarians t.o use or abuse their victory to the utter destruction of the country. The three Powers of Europe, Great Britain, France, and Russia cannot behold unmoved this scene of desolation and cruelty. They cannot steel their hearts against the cries of suffering humanity ; and they have interfered to save this oppressed people—to rescue the victim from the tiger grasp of his tormentor ; to assuage the miseries of an oppressed country, and to heal its bleeding wounds. This is the true and simple character of the transaction on the part of the Allies. This is the head and front of their offending, and for their humanity they are reviled as thieves, - pirates, freebooters, by this writer, whose sympathies, though living in a free country, seem to be all on the tide of tyrannical and abused power ; and it is this unhappy sympathy with tyranny, which, as it has corrupted his feelings, has also vitiated his argument. " Greece," he contends, " is as much the right of Turkey as British India, British America, and Ireland, are the right of Great Britain ;" and the present, interference of the Allies he re probates as " subversive of every obligation which in right mid justice one nation owes to another." His error here consists in judging of Turkey by one law, and of the Allies by another. He would confine them within the strictest limits of political right, while he would a o l f l o ‘ a V b a u n se a fi n d d e c T r u u e r l k t y o e e v e in do es e n v o e t r y species consider that 'we cannot enforce laws against -others „ which we do not respect ourselv es . Greece, .6., tells us, is the right of Turkey by conqu -4, as. India is of Britain. We should like to this writer's ideas of the rights- of eorvest . Does he imagin e that it gives the conqueror the. privilege of maltreating the conquered at his, pleasure ; and of hanging, drawing, and quarter-• ing them, when they rebel ? Does he c;mceive, that ruler has the right t o was t e , oppress,. and any plunder the conquered ? Does he int con sider that there tan be no right which is not' founded in policy - AO justice ; and that tareright of conquest is, in 'Fact, a political obliga tion, entered into by the conqueror 3 and t!'r.! quered, for their mutual benefits ; and that in virtue of it, while the latter engage to subunit -- peaceably to their new ruler, he is bound to give them protection, to rule them with equity, and to commit no acts of spoliation and oppression. This is the tenure by which he holds his con quest ; and the moment he violates his obligation to the conquered, he forfeits his right of conquest. Resistance to his authority becomes then a ultra question, not of morality, but of prudence. Now was notoriously the case with regard . to. Turkey—the rights of conquest had been rno4t, savagely abused. The Greeks have revolted,„ and are in danger of being subdued by the: Turkish armies, which would cause the desola- ; tion of the' country ; and, to avert this herd , catastrophe—to restrain the career of barbarian. vengeance, the European Powers interfere, an, we are told that this is " utterly subversive o, every obligation which in right and justice one nation owes to another." What obligations„ - we would ask, of right and justice fire here. subverted ? Can the barbarian confine of Greece have any right to waste pillage the country, and to massacre its helph%is inhabitants? And yet, this is all that they are - - restrained from doing by the interference of the Allies. What law then is here violated F Ac. t . cording to our notions, every moral sanction is rather upheld by the transaction. Who is it that suffers damage from it, or who hac a right to complain ? Not the Turks, who, we main tain, have forfeited every right or title tidy ever had to the dominions of the country by thei r notorious abuses •f it ; and unless we arc pre.„, pared to maintain that massacre, oppression, and pillage are among dm sacred rights of Rule ., we must admit that the Allies a re entitled, a cording to the clearest principles of the Law Nations, to interfere for the emancipation Greece. ucliettrarlitz,ed b transaction, even if it. were . be condemned on the printiple of expedient is o tat all characterized the epithetr; applit to it by this violent but inconclusive reasoner. The principle of expediency is, howev.. , ,- dlr., ferent question, which we may discuss on gom, future occasion. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE--(THIi tY.) FROM LLOYD'S. DEAL, DEC. 31.—Wind 5.5.W.,--Realain, th e Friends, Holland; and Susannah, GibLons, for Oporto. PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 31.—Wind S.S.W.—Pi • back, the Lady Holland, Snell, for Mar—s at Maria, Lawless, for Sierra Leone. FALMOUTH, DEC. 30.—Wind the Erin, James, from Landon for Vera Cruz. LIVERPOOL, DEC. 30.--The Great Britain, French, bound to New York, is at anchor outside, having carried away her bowsprit. DOVER, DEC. 31.—The Betsey, White, from Maldan to Galway,- lost windlass, anchor, chaiii, s kedge, and hawser, this morning, ander Dungeness,, and in running for the harbour, grounded behind thi', North will be i g Pier Head, in nextwher tide. e remains, bu: it ;s ex pected THE FUNDS—(TnIS DAY). CITY, TIVEL PE 00' This being New Year's Day it has been apt a a holiday, at the Bank and English Stock Exchargr, but a few of the brokers and dealers have met. at the neighbouring Coffee-houses, in consequence of the unfavourable state of the weather, but hitherto no business in private bargains has been done, the nom: nal price of Consols being 84i a nd some havp is fused to sell even at 844. The Foreign House has continued open to-fity, yesterday being settling day for the account, but it might just as well have been shut for the hrisiness doing ; Mexican 6 per Cent. Bonds are 45i ; Ayres, 43 5 ; every other Foreign Security reutitint at yesterday's quotation. In Shares there has been some trifling b• , :i7:els Brazilian mining Shares are 70 2 ; Real Monte. 40 GO pm. ; Colombian, 21i 2 per share : anc United Mexican, 20 19 dis. In the City there is sot the slightest intellirrce from Turkey; an a rrival from Trieste of the rill, ult. does not make the least mention of the dotruc. zion of the Greek fleet A Sci o, and the ge4efal. opinion now is that the report has arisen from ALI burning of three or four pirate vessels. FORElOX.—Brazilian, 60 4; Buenos iyro4, 4 , . Chilien, 24 6 ; Colombian, 26i '7; Daniel'., 5 [4 t;. Greek, Hit lit ; Mexican, 5 e r Cent., 34 6 ; Dig,,g, p 7 e; Cpmeni.,l34osliiv:; P i el i Tisn, 44* bi; Portageee. 71 , .;, ".: ; Russian, 91/ F ; Spanish, iof 11. M i sms.--.Anglo Atex i i i ca d n i , s. 6 ; o c6.7iLdbiisa.l);, B g r l siilia. 2 3, , -,! r share ; Real del Men" , 40 60 pm. ' Tlalpm..-alans, iNs 90 die. ; Unites] 7 ,f e ziesn, 30 19 dia. ;'Mexicsn Ornsur, 9 per share. TTV 0 0' 6 ' tiff;. A few private transactions in Consols rovig ' , Pen made a shade lower than the morning's piiet," Rt. -". 84, to 84k. There is a rep ort of Mr. ..itrgitford C a nning being expected hourly in Lonc.ou. ''tie 2; Foreign Funds continue at nearly the pr;. , .F, e, the commencement of business, except Russian, y- ~ek., . a re a trifle lower, 901 to 91,as well as DaniA)9l4. ; Brazilian Bonds are 594 to 60. In regard to news, there is none at pr. - gent, i.,id in the Foreign market, which is open this 310 - ..nthi - ,.., their chief o ccupation up to the presert time v ,1 playing and kicking about a bladder. . Tbe-Put ,e 1 1 also put up a placard , on which is writtf-1 , , " Hell ti closed," 4seaning the British market. .A.hgt ter!' ix n '' . , i also placed at the door of the ennrnnilo with both houses on w hich is written,, " '.. /-"rtt lug Shame." ,TNRIf4 &e= , ;:: :, %-- Consols for Account; 84: """ 4 " • -,1 ` r. I~ ~ ~~