The Sun. — London, England, 1852-04-09 00:00:00

8.4.NK RETURNS. -..0.----- (Trona the London Gazette of Tuesday.) ,A.* Account, pursuant to the Act seventh and eighth Victoria, cap. 32, of the Average Amount of Bank Notes of the several Bauka ot Issue in England and Wales. in Circulation clarity, the Week ending Satur day, the 27th day of March', :852:- Average PRIVATE BANKS, amount. - Andover Bank, Andove r -Heath and Ct 10,128 Ashford Bank, Ashford-jemmitt and Pomfret 11,263 Aylsharn Bank, A.ylaham-R. and G Copemsn 4,205 Aylesbury Old Bank. Aylesbury-Riekford and aunt 22,377 Baddock Bank and Baldock and Biggleswade Br-k, 2.aldock- Wells, Hogg, and Lindsell ... 26,648 Barnstaple Bank, Barnstaple2Nlarshall and Co 10,659 Basingstoke and Odihve. Bank, Basingstoke-- Seymour, Lamb, and Co ......... ... ....... . ....... 15,834 Bedford Bank, Bedford-T. Barnard . • •••• ...... .. 31,983 Bedford and Bedfordshire Bang, Bedford- Trapp, Eralrhead, and Co. ........................ - .Bewilev Bank, Dewdley-Nichols, Baker, and Crane ................................................ 11,413 Bicester and Oxforrishire Bank and Oxford Bank, Blcester-T.hb and Co. •• •••• ••• ••• 13,558 Birmen,vham Bank, Birmingham -Attic& ds, Snooner, and Co.. ... :. . ..... ............. .. .... :. .... 21,376 .3irminr,harn and Warwickshire Bank, Birming ham --j• 1.. Moiiliett., and Sons ....... ....• .... 10.755 3'-ndtord Bank, 131andford-Bastard and Oak 7,034 re,nf- Boston-Garfit and Co • 52.183 ioston .••• •• -, Boston Bank, Boston-Gee and Co Bridg vuter Bank, Bri , l2;water--J. &J. Seale) 135:556104 Bristol -Bank Bristol-Miles, Harford, and C. 32,730 Brosetey and Bridgnorth, and Bridgnorth and Broselcy Bank, Broseley-Messrs. Pritchard 15,994 Beekint,:ham Bank, Buckinghara - Bartlett, Parrott, and Co. ................................. 19,822 Bury and Suffolk Bank, Sudbury Bank, Stow- Market Bank, Bury-Oakes. Bevan, and Co. 64,893 Banbury Bank, Banbury-Gillettgds a y 5,9,224 Banianry Old Bank, Banbury-MesrCobb... 23,853 Baer. City Bank, Bath- Nloger and Son .. 3,170 Bedfordshire Leighton Buzzard Bank, Leighton Buzzard-Bassett and Grant ..................... 32,531 Birmingham Bank, Birmingham -Taylor and Lloyds . ................................ .... ....... ... 28,618 Bradford Old Bank, Bradford, Yorkshire-H. A. and W. M . Harris and Co 12.680 Brecon Old Ba nk, Brecon- Bri g hton Union Bank, Brighton-Hall, West, 25,571 and Borrer Burlinirton and Driffield Bank, Burlington- 10,748 Harding, Smith, and Co Bury St. Edmunds Bank, Bury St. Edmunds j. Wor ll e dge and Co. Canabridge Bank, Cambridge-lfortlock and Sons ge and Cambridgeshire Bank, Cam- Ca bridge-Messrs. FOrSters Canterbury Bank. Canterbury-Hammond and Co . Carmarthen Bank, Carmarthen-Morris. and Sons ... 15, 471 Chertsey Bank, Chertsey - Mess rs. La Coste ..• 2,862 Colchester Bank, Colchester -Round, Green, and Co. ............................................... 16,894 Colchester and Essex Bank, Witham and Essex Bank, and fladleigh Bank, Suffolk, Colchester -Ntills, Bawtree , a nd Co 30,127 Cornish Bank, Truro -Tweedy and Co, Coventry B a nk, Coventry-Little and Wood c .... 6,923 cock City Bank, Exeter - M ilford and Co 20225 Craven Bank, Settle-Birkbecks and Co 73,713 Cardiff Bank, Cardiff -Tow g ood and Co 4,634 Chepstow Old Bank, Chepstow Bank, Mon mouth Old Bank, Ntonrncuth Bank, Brecon Bank, rind Ross and Re.refordshire Bank, Chepstow-Bromage, Snead, and Co. Derby. Bank,, Derby -Nielsrs. Evans Derby Bank, Derby-Smith anti Co. Derby Ole. Bank and 'Acarsdile and nigh Peak Bank, Derby-Crompton, Newton, and Co , Devi :e:s and. Wilt s hire Batik, Devize 3- a u9r,hes . Locke, and Co Piss 131nk; Diss-Oakes, Fincham, and Co Dencast,er Bank and Retford Bank, Doncaster - Cooke and Co Darlington Bank, Durham Bank, and Stockton on-Tees Bank, Darlington-Bathhouse, & Co Devonport Bank, Devonport-Hodge and Nor- man Dorchester Old Bank and Dursetshire Bank, DorchesterWilliarns and Co. East Cornwall Bank, Liskeard—Rohins, Foster, and Co. ..................................... ......... East Riding Bank, Beverley—Bowl, Hall, and Bank C.. , ................ ......... Essex and Bishops Stortford Bank, Chehnsford—Sparrow, and Co. Exeter Bank, Exeter—Sanders and C 0.....„,., Fakenham Bank, Fakenhana—Gurneys, Birk beck, and Co. Farrinis,don Bank and Bank of \Vantage, Far rim:don—Barnes and Medley Farnham Bank, Farnham—Messrs. Knight Faversham Bank, Faversham—ailton and Co Godalenng Bank, Godalming—Aellersh and Keen thillilford Bank, Guildford—Messrs. nay don.. Grantho.ra Bank, GT imthaln—liardy and C 0.... Hastin7,s Old Bank, Hastings—Sznith, Hilder, 6,843 12.656 39,157 27,96 9,712 10,140 56,053 71,03 43,840 39.394 27,622 18,180 6,258 12,910 5,289 4,163 6.670 24,471 25 310 and Co. Hereford City and County Bank, Hereford— Matthews and Co. Hertrord and Ware 13ank, aertfori—S. Adams and Co .... • 21,02 Hull Bank and icineston-anon-Hull Bank, Hull --Smith, Brothers, and Co Huntingdon Town and County Bank, Ilanting• don—Rust and Veasey laryirich Bank, -Harwich Cobbold, 111.1 Co 3 77' Hemel llerapstead Bank, Hornel tienpitead— Smith, and `Arnittinill •• Elertl'or ls hire, flitch:2n Bank, Hitchen—Sharplea and Co.• lierlforci, Ross, and Archentield Rank, and Ross and Archenffeld Bank, idereford—Morgan Hoskins, and Co 'Trivial Bank, Ipswich—Bacon and Co. Ipswich and Needham Nlarket Bank, Suffolk, Hadleigh Bank, Alunningtree and A istle y sank, and . Woodbridge Bank, Ipswich— Alexanders and Co. Kentish Bank, Maidstone —Mercer, Randall, and Mercer Kington and Radnorshire Bank, K, inc.rton—J 'Davies and Co . ...... . ........ .............. Knighton Sank Kni,hton—J. Davies and Co. k. 1.5,509 9 1,580 34,99 13,203 17,15 U 53,23 13,900 18.453 9,582 - - - Knarennoroun.h Old Bank and RipnnOld Bank Knaresborongh —Terry an 1 t' 0...... Kendalßank, Kendal Cre wdson, and Co. ............................................... . Kettering Bank, lietterin4—i)ot,n anti Sons.. Lane End Staffordshire Bank, Lane End—C Harvey and Son Leeds Bank. Leeds— Beckett and C o ............. lAeds Inion Bank, Leeds—W.:Willi a ns, Brown, and ......... . ........ ............... ........ Lei,!ester Bank, Leicester—Pagets and lCirby••• Lewes Old Bank, Lewes—A,llneux and C 0.... Li held Bank, Liehaeld—Palrner and Green... Lincoln Bank, Lineoln—inaith a n d c o " Lftmpeter Bank and Llo.nillo B ' atilt, o very —David ,Tones and Co. . ................. ... Loughborough Bank, Loughborough tans rind Cradoek ...................... ... .... )Lymington Bank, L y t nington—C. and .S. s t Barb'?. .......................... Lynn Regis and Lincolnshire Bulk, Lynn Regis —Gurneys and C 0..... . .......................... Lynn Regis and Norfolk Bank, Lynn Regis-- Jarvis and Co. ref seelesfield Bank, Macclesfield—BrAOklehurst 18,554 33,954 7,782 5,160 52,112 37,297 26.117 30.367 13,349 70,564 9,579 and.......................................... Manningtree Bank , Aanningtree — linon and Co. Marlborough Bank, Marlborough and Wilts. Old Bank, Marlborough Bank, Aarl borough Old Bank and Hungeriord Bank, and Eiung•arford Bank, Marlborough—'tanner and Pinlkney ..... Marlborough and North Wiltshire New Bank, Marlboroucrh—Virard, Nterriman, and Hillier Merin n eths hire Bank, Dolgelly—Jones and 1,704 Williams Miners' Bank, Truro—Willyams and Co 12,562 Monmouthshire Agricultural and Commercial Bank, Aberv.venny—atileys and Co 25,911 ifonmouth Old Bank, :\lortrnouth Bank, Brecon Bank, Chepstow Bank, Chepstow Old Bank, and Ross and Herefordshire Bank, Monmouth —BromaE,re and Snead lfonmouthshire Newport Old Bank, Newport —W. Williams and 50n5........ Newark Bank, Newark—qodfreys and Hutton 24,417 Newark and Sleaford Bank, and Sleaford and Newark Bank, Sleaford—Handley, Peacock, and Co Newbury Bank, Newbury,Bunny and Slocock 21,406 ewznarket Bank, Newmarket—Eaton, Ham mond- and Son Norwich Crown Bank, Norwich—Harveys and Hudiuns . 44,820 Norwich and Norfolk Bank, Norwich—Gur neys and Birkbeck erottingharn 'and Nottinghamshire Bank, Not tingham—Hart, Fellows, and Co 8,136 Nuneaton Bank, Nuneaton—Craddock and Co ........ .............. amid Bank, Plymouth—Harris, Mudge, and 14,912 58,897 25,716 ii. 0..... ..... ' ........................................... """ Sti-um' Bank, Sarum Everett, and 00 . - Lai...... . . ............ ... ......... ne qn. mnßank, Nottingh am —Smith and Co. 24,285 7-vf° ' h Y Bank and Oswestry O ld Bank, Os ita, 10,844 OrfOrd•o t a roxon and Co .......... .. and 0,. - ilk, Oxford--Robinson, Parsons, Oldßank ............... ~...-. Wells 013111"ge'Tonbridge and Tonbridge Wolin and ';'•11k, Tonbridge and Tonbridge Beeching d e f t: oaks Bank, Tonbridge (4,, OeOleihire , , Wit any e ii ..... ;" ' - . ....... .' • " ' ... 2: and en ..., ... ........ %y ak. Witney —Clinch, lease's Old Bank, ifnli — ti ... .,,,"" 9,293 Beverley Bank, Hull' t L"-ult Old Bank and ?Nuance Bank, Penzance -- 1 1 3 L , ..1 1(1 Co 37,553 /Peterborough Bank and Ou n "' a u and C 0... 9,724 borough—MesArs. Yorke ._ Band • Peter reriorokeshiro Bank, Bayer forCiw -— • - W. Walters ............. , ............ I . l's- .. and Reading Bank, Reading—Simonds a . nr6 ....... • 8,584 s elm li ag B a ak, Reading — Stephens,Bland t : .... . ....................................... j 'l'l'4 toe'ehuiond Bank, Richmond—Roper and ii hdale Bank, Rochdale--Clement, Royd,, 5.225 *M I C 0...... . . .............. ODYStOn Bank, Roysten--Fordhani and Sou.. / 546 a 0,v9.3 7,223 7,390 THE SUN, Average Amenn 1 Rochester, Chatham, and Strood Bank Roches ter—Dav and Nicholson ....... Rugby Bank, Rugby—Butlin and Son 12,994 Rye bank, Rye—Pomfret and Co. Ross Old Bank, Herefordshire, Ross—Pritchard 3,596 an d Allaway ....... Saffron Walden and North Essex Bank, Saffron Walden —Messrs. Gibson Salop Bank, Shrewsbury—Burton, Lloyd, and 13,532 Co Scarborough Old Bank, Scarborough—Woodall 21,147 and Co Shrewsbury Old Bank, and Shrewsbury and Ludlow Bank, Shrewsbury—Rocke, Eytons, .... ..................................... 34,210 and Co Sittingbourne and Milton Bank, Sitting bourne —Valiance and Sou. ................................ Southampton Town and County Bank, South ampton—:rladdison and Pearce 10,620 Southwell Bank, Southwell—Wylde and Co. Southampton and Hampshire Bank, Southamp ton—Atherly and Fall Stone Bank, Stone—W. Moore Stafford Old Bank, Stafford—Stevenson and Co 10,111 Stamford and Rutland Bank, Stamford—Eaton, Cayley, and Co. , Stourbridge Old Bank, Stourbridge—Bate and ink 2,090 9,130 41,878 99,0 a Robins Shrewsbury and Welshpool Bank, Shrewsbury —Beck, Downward, and Co. 22,838 Taunton Bank, Taunton—Messrs. Badcock 21,297 Tavistock Bank, Tavistock—Gill, Rundle, and Co 9,334 Thornbury Bank, Thornbury—Rolph, Yates, and Parslow Tiverton and Devonshire Bank, Tiverton—Duns ford and Barne ....... 8,675 Thrapston and Kettering Bank, Northampton shire, Thrapston—Yorke and Eland 10,456 Tring Bank and Chesham Bank, Tring—But cher and Son Towcester Old Bank, Towcester—J. and S Percival Town and County . of Poole Bank, and Ring wood and Poole Bank Ledgard and Sons Union Bank, Cornwall, Helston—Vivian and Co. 8,523 Uxbridge Old Bank, 'Uxbridge—Hull, Smith, and Co. Wallingford Bank, Wallingford—Hedges & Co. 7,529 Warwick and Warwickshire Bank, Warwick— Greenway and Co. Wellington Somerset Bank, Wellington—Fox. Brothers West Riding Bank, Wakefield, and Pontefraat Bank, Wakefield—Leatham, Tew, and C 0.... 43,419 Whitby Old Bank, Whitby—Simpson, Chap man, and Co 12,770 Winchester, Alresford, and Alton Bank, Win chester—Bulpett and Co. Winchester and. Hampshire Bank, Winchester —Wickham and Co Weymouth Old Bank and Dorchester Bull>, Weymouth—Elliott and Pearse Wirkesworth and Ashbourne Derbyshire Bank, Wirkesworth—Arkwright and Co. . 34,056 Wisbech and Lincolnshire Bank, Wisbech— Gurney and Co. Wivelisconabe Bank, Wiveliscombe—P. and W Hancock ...... Wolverhampton Bank, Wolverhampton—Good ricke 'and Holyoake. Worcester Bank, Worcester—Farley, Lavender, and Co. 6,574 Worcester Old Bank and Tewkesbury Old Bank, Worcester—Berwick, Lechmere, and Co 65,239 Worcestershire Bank, Kidderminster—Farley and Turner Walsall Old Bank, Walsall—CharlesFoster and Sons Warminster and Wiltshire Bank, Warminster— Everett and Co. Wolverhampton Bank, Wolverhampton— Messrs. Fryer Yarmouth and Suffolk Bank, and Halesworth and Suffolk Bank, Yarmouth —Gurney. Birkbelk, and Co. Yarmouth, Norfolk, and Suffolk Bank, Great Yarmouth—Sir E. K. Lacon, Bart., and Co 12,235 York Bank. York—Swann, Clough, and Co..— 39,127 7,262 6,930 3,740 30,42 1 10,550 11,649 3,137 9,989 3,089 4,87 9,051 JOINT-STOCK BANKS. Bank of Westmoreland, Kendal Barnsley Banking Company, Barnsley Bradford Bankin g c , Company, Bradford 46,647 Bilston District Banking Company, Wolver hampton Bank of Whitehaven, Whitehaven Bradford Commercial Banking Company, Brad ford ....~.... Burton, Uttoxeter, and Staffordshire Union Banking Canapany, Burton-upon-Trent Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Banking Company . , Chesterfield .. 7,975 Cumberland Union Banking Company, Work i ngton Cheltenham and Gloucestershire Banking Com- pany, Cheltenham Coventry and Warwickshire Banking Company Coventry Coventry Union Banking Company, Coventry 13,201 County of Gloucester Banking Company, Chel tenham Carlisle and Cumberland Banking Company Carlisle Carlisle City and District Bank, Carlisle 18,580 Dudley and West Bromwich Banking Company, Dudley Derby and Derbyshire Banking Company, Derby 19,649 Dariington District Joint-Stock Banking Com pany, Darlington East o: England Bank, Norwich Gloucestershire Banking Company, Gloucester 133,570 Halifax Joint-Stock Bank, Halifax 17,275 Huddersfield Banking Company, Huddersfield 32,761 Hull Banking Company, Hull 22,684 Halifax Commercial Banking Company, Ha lifax . 12,001 Halifax and Huddersfield Union Banking Com pany, Halifax Helston Banking Company, Helston 1,444 Herefordshire Banking Company, Hereford 16,900 Knaresborough and Claro Banking Company, Knaresborough Kingsbridte Joint-Stock Bank, Kingsbridge 3,135 Lan aster Banking Company, Lancaster . 55,923 Leeds Banking Company, Leeds Leicestershire Banking Company, Leicester Lincoln and Lindsey Banking Company, Lincoln 44,365 Leamington Priors and Warwickshire Banking Company, Leamington Priors Ludlow and Tenbury Bank, Ludlow 9,866 Moore and Robinson's Nottinghamshire Bank ing Company, Nottingham 30,769 Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Banking Company, Nottingham Newcastle, Shields, and Sunderland Union Joint- Stock Banking Company, Newcastle National Provincial Bank of England, Birming ham, Head-office, 112, Bishopsgate-street, London North ,ViltN Banking Company, Melksham 44,633 Northamptonshire Union Bank, Northampton 66,650 Northamptonshire Banking Company, North ampton North and S o u th Wales Bank, Liver p ool 25,932 Lei 's Leivstf.rshire Banking Company, 44,140 SPadredesslteewr .().; i h . i Banking .. Company, Saddleworth 1,704 Sheffield B t altir 7 Company, Sheffield 33,935 St p am an f y or , d s , Spalding, and Boston Banking Cora- Stuckey' tamiord ................... :5 . t . 0 .. 1 .. 5 . ... m .. e .. r . 5 . e .. t .. 52,920 308 379 s Banking C , omp . a . n . y . ,. . B r .. i . 38 829 Somerset shire ..... Bank , ..... and . .. 0 . 1 . 17 se tshirseh iffn ßank, ail ... Lang , Shropshire Banking Company, . ss hy , S itea h mii e coo ffi hid dam e 1 1 et: d i ana and . i i 0 pany, Stourbridge ................... Stourbridge and Kidderminster Banking Com- 57,175 Sheffield and Hallamshire Banking Company, . 23 986 , • ...... Com pany, Sh.llidid . . Storey and t.her.liam Joint-Stock Banking 44,740 (.I..Wenaley.dale ................ Shaftesb nails s t;Wolverham n aadg if : .......... .13 .. nkingdom -- Th o , Banking Company ug.. ..... ordshire a 31,804 Wakefield and B arnP at ° 4-iyZ o ; .. t ' t ' n 'i;: Wakefield ... 12701 PWWhaaritnll:cakilvdejr°Leahiar.n:l-inSiri g .t o ... n .- 8 " an ... k .. in . g ... C . 0ra .. p . an • .. y, Whitehaven ..._..... .... t°ek Banking Company W W e a t ar o w f i tng - fa . a .. ........ . . i... .................... 1 71 . e . ..a . .......b . ..i15itiri:c ; t 3 76 20 37 3 : , ,3 49 3 2 3 : 2 27 6 WBilatsnkan.l3dnDsotorlset.ianl;ing! °r "Pan,, Salisbur West Riding Union Banking. i., w d h e i t r o s h fi o e r id ch and Ellesmere Banki .............. "". 31,231 ' -c " ra PanY, Huff, W W orc h e i s te te h r u e rc i h ty . and County Bankii;;^ ..... ug c ompany, y Y o o r r k k CUintyioanoßd a c ti o k un in g ty C ß o a m n p lu a n n id ro Or . p li ao ... y .... y ... o .. r : . : . l, : . . Worcester .O %Amapa", :4568605 Yorkshire Banking Company. - Laeda . ' 1 82 ,820 inland Rel:;nDoeE,AsoNmSerßs:tgHist:usare,of;pfir;ail 3 : B eCurll B7 1852. • 1,245 LIGHT AT THE MOUTH OF NELSON au. BOUR. Harbour-office, Nelson, N.Z., Aug. 22,1851. The Nelson Harbour Light will be known to mari ners as a fixed red light. The light will be visible in a south direction from N.N.W. round to N.N.E. The lantern is elevated 160 feet above the level of the sea ; but the light being red will not be seen at a greater dis tance than about eighteen miles, and at a lesser distance, according to fhe state of the atmosphere. Vessels run ning down the bay should bring the light to bear S.S.E., with the lead going until they got within seven fathoms, when they should anchor and wait for a pilot. The light is in south lat. 41 deg. 15 min. 30 sec., and east long. 173 deg. 16 min. 5 sea. LUNACY PROCEEDINGS EXPENSE; BILL. Lord Lyndhurst's Bill to diminish the expense of proceedings un.ler commissions "de lunatico inquirendo" has be en pr inted. By it, the orders of the Masters will have the sa me force as those of the Lord Chancellor, except it spec i a l cases. The costs of proceedings will be at the ldis cretion and paid only under an order of the Lord Chancellor and the Master, as the case may be. The Master will be required to frame rules and orders for the form of the pro ceedinv, subject to the approval of the Lord Chancellor, who will make the necessary general orders; all rules and orders, however, will have to be submitted to Parliament. There is also an indemnity clause for the Bank of England and other szeieties for all acts and things done or permitted to be done by this Act. SOCIETY OF ARTS. On Wednesday evening one of a series of lectures in connexion with the Great Exhibition was delivered at the usual meeting of the Society of Arts. The subject of the lecture was " The Iron-making Re sources of the United Kingdom," and was deli vered by _ __ S. 11. BLACKWELL, Esq., F.G,S., of Dudley, who said—That however successful the Exhibition of 1851 might be regarded as having been for the great pur pose for which it was designed, namely, to illustrate the progress made up to the present time in the vari ous departments of the arts and manufactures of the world, and however wonderful might have been the vast collection of objects of wealth and industry brought together, it might certainly be asserted that the Exhibition itself displayed in no one of its details any more remarkable instance of modern progress than the vast and stately building which rose with almost magic rapidity from the ground, and which was no less admirable for its beauty and simplicity, than for its amazing vastness, and its per fect adaptation to the purposes for which it was in tended. The veryconception of the idea of the Crystal Palace, and its successful execution, placed prominently forward the great iron-making resources of the kingdom, and the extraordinary degree of per fection to which some of the branches of our iron manufactures had attained. Whilst the other branches of manufactures were illustrated by a careful selec tion of the most perfect results attained in their own departments, the most remarkable illustration of the present condition of the iron manufacture was to be found in the building itself, which spread its lofty roof and walls of light over all it held, and guarded with such perfect care and fitness the boundless stores of wealth collected together from so many parts of the world. The guardian and basis of the Exhibition itself—the Crystal Palace, illustrated no less admirably how the iron-making re sources of the kingdom underlie all departments of manufacture, and become the very foundati on on which all m odern progress must rest—aiding and assisting every other branch of manufactures, and connecting all together in one great bond of unity. It was natural, therefore, that a prominent place should have been assigned in the Exhibition to the iron-making resources of the kingdom, and it was wisely determined that an attempt should be made to collect, in the mineral department, so comprehensive a collection of the various ores of Great Britain as should enable some idea to be formed of our general iron-making resources. No similar attempt had been made before, and, consequently, this was one of some difficulty, and the execution could only be con sidered approximately successful. It would be ne cessary, in the first place, to take a view of the rise and progress of our iron manufacture in order to give an idea of its rapidity in the last half century. Its history might be divided into two periods, the first extending from the earliest historical notice of it which we possess down to the introduc tion of coal as fuel for smelting ; and the second extending from that period to the present time. Eng land was early celebrated for her iron manufacture, and there were few districts where iron ores were now found in which remains of old workings did not exist, and in some districts it was clear that smelting with the charcoal of the forests was extensively car ried on. This was the case not only in the districts where iron manufacture was now worked, but in those in which it bad long ceased ; and the red hematites of the carboniferous limestones' of Lancashire, the Forest of Dean, and Somersetshire, the argillaceous limestones of Derbyshire, Yorkshire, Staffordshire, and South Wales—all now ironmaking localities— were worked at very early periods ; while the iron ores of the green sand and wealden clay formations of Sus sex, Surrey, and Sent, and the hematites of the Devo nian beds of Somersetsnire, and even the hematitic conglomerates of Brock well and Minehead, which have now ceased to be iron-producing districts, were for merly largely worked. Traces of ancient workings had also been found in the ore districts of Northampton • shire, which had only attracted attention since the Exhibition, which showed they were known to the Romans. The early iron trade was at its greatest height in 1615, where, according to " Sturtevant," as quoted by Dudley in his " Metallum Mertes," there were in England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, 800 furnaces, which, if working forty weeks a year, would produce 180,000 tons. Various causes led to a de cline in the manufacture, and, in 1740, it was only 17,350 tons, produced by fifty-nine furnaces. At tempts to employ coal for smelting were made in 1620, but its use for fuel was only established in 1740, the second epoch in the manufacture of iron, which, in 1788, rose to 70,000 tons ; in 1800, to 180,000 ; in 1825, to 600,000 ; and in 1851, to 2,500,000: South Wales producing 750,000; Scot land, 775,000; South Staffordshire and Worcestershire 600,000 ; and other districts, 400,000. In 1851 the exports were upwards of 1,200,000 tons not including tin plates, hardware, cutlery, and machinery, the de clared value of which was—tin plates, 1,018,951/. ; hardware and cutlery, 2,826,1321.; machinery, 1,164,9331.; and adding to this pig iron, bars, wrought iron, wire and castings, the whole value of the exports of iron was 10,424,1391. The causes of this increase were traceable to the demand made by the rapid expansion of all our arts and manufactures, to improved machinery and apparatu', and to the vast and eimost inexhaustible supplies of coals and iron our mineral fields contained. As regarded the two first, this country only possessed them in common with the world at large, but as regarded the last, it possessed a marked pre-eminence, the United States alone bring able to bear any comparison as regarded the area crf coal and iron fields, but possessing no ar gillaceous ironstone, which here existed in this country in such abundance, alternating with beds of coal in our coal fields, an that coal and ore are constantly obtained together by the same working. This proximity existed in no other country ; and in the Exhibition there were four hundred specimens of the argillaceous ironstones of Engiond, while the only other country that pos sessed any specimens was the United States, and those amounted only to three or four. Besides the argil laceous ironstone there were carbonaceous deposits of iron ore peculiar to this country, and the " black band " ironstones of Scotland, Northumberland, North Staffordshire, and South Wales, were unknown else where, and these supplied nine-tenths of the iron pro duced. n The quant i ty o f iron produced was—in 775,000 tons; South Wales, 700,000; South Staffordshire and Worcestershire, 600,000; Shropshire, 90 000; North Straffordshire, 55,000; Yorkshire and Derbyshire, 105,000; North Wales, 28,000 ; Forest of Dean, 26,000 ; Wbitehaven, 12,500 ; Northumberland, 90,000. The ironstones were divided into the argillaceous ironstones and the blackbands or carbonaceous ironstones. The former consist of oxide of iron, alumnia, silica, manganese, soda potash, phosphoric acid, titanium, crystals of nickel, zinc, copper, and lead, the quality vary ing according to the predominance of any of these components. (The lecturer then entered into an ela borate chemical analysis of this species of ore, and stated the peculiarities of all of them in their several districts, and their infinite varieties.) The cost of raising this class of ores was greater than any other, being from 4d. to 9s. a ton ; but from their superior quality and proximity to coal were extensively used. The second class, the blackhand or carbonaceous ironstones, were not so varied, and owing to their general thickness were raised at ls. 6d. to 2s a ton. The two principal constituents of blackbands were oxide of iron and carbonic acid, silica and alumnia existing only in a small proportion. The iron they produced had a greater tendency to " cold•short ness" than any other class, owing to the phosphoric, acid it contained ; and were best adapted for foundry purposes, for which indeed Scotland was pre-eminent. The localities in which it existed were Scotland, Nor. thumberland, North and South Wales, North Stafford shire, parts of South Staffordshire and the Cleo Hills. The discovery of " Blackbands" in Scot land was made in 1801 by Mr. Masked, and the power of using in blast furnaces by means of the hot blast was a new era in iron manufacture, causing an increase in Scotland from 37,500 tons in 1830, and 196,960 in 1839, to 750,000 in 1851. The next most important black band districts were North Stafford shire and South Wales—the Llynvi Valley bed being the most remarkable—and in the Anthracite district, o f Ystabyfera and Grosce i d o win E , h a b s o w y e a ll ie as on in d s th s o ir se . of ront-y-Pool, Nanta.y.g howy blackbands, Wales, and the Clee Hills, d . s are to be found, as well as in the Cardiff Vale , io o ti f North umberland umberland and tslielDn nr lower ho To e a . r b o I n o i fe e r o o m u e s d b i e s d t r s stone ; and the ext e nt c h a n ge d o f i n d t o e p ti s d i t s s of of b i r l a o c o k s b t o a o u e d a i l r t o e n r: and also in the coal fields of Eng land,d w as estimated at 5,768 Wales, r,nd Scotian cnosatellsyornweitthinibeesd a of coal might be g athered from the fact that the 'antire area of did not exist in the argillaceous ironstone square miles atr : e n ds i e l se sufficient; ftl thO although some of the coal fields enable them to be resource al• ace that fuel was required carboniferous oolitic beds. The most important . iron ores, a, were the hematites or er the coal-measures, Yet they were part of our iron manufacturing a s n m u e f l a t c in tu g ri t n h g e Ernesto ne which impor tant deposits f ormations, and the most were Lanca shire and the Forest of Dean. This class 1 esd bee n not rio h were found most in carboniferous was, from its pro duced A a love t on , g and produced cost of 2s. or 3s. a , a:specie s of •" re d-shortness, " and as a class, at an early plearrioed,maansde,es, though remarkable for its red , and was in great A Some of the hematites in quality in th e the norti%ern districts e Tan— • largely shipped, while the la? .g a per aent and . were the contained, 60 to 65 per sex aips of iron they rendered them gre y at importance. This ore leeks found also kingdom were considered the finest and th e 3 Isle ofworked only to a limited. extent, and b ut . had b existed in Scotland, it also but NAB not much worked. There was also a WU' 1 A L• e class of these m a ' n, in Soopreresoetshire, Devon, ores, the (4 Brown liimmatites" LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING-, of Durham, similar to those used in Belgium, which was little used, owing to the deficiency of means of transport. This country was by no means rich in the micaceous iron ores of the northern countries of Europe and the United States, which was considered the finest class of iron ore known, although some of them existed in Dartmoor and other parts of Devon, but were worked to a very small extent. Of pure white carbonate, the Sperms iron of the German mineralogist, no specimen was exhibited in the Exhi bition, but it had since been found to exist in West Somersetahire. The next class of ores, the discovery of which marked a new epoch in the iron trade, and which had occurred Simultaneously with the develop ment of facilities of transport by railways, without which they would have been comparatively worth less, were those which occupied a position at the base of the oolitic formation, which commenced on the east coast of this island from the south bank of the river Tees to Scarborough, stretched through York shire, Lincolnshire, Rutlandshire, Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire, and Dorsetshire to Le me Regis, where being turned aside by the granitic formations of Devon, it was prolonged into F ranc e. It was first worked at Middlesborough in the north, where two or three years ago deposits of iron were discovered by a workman, and the bed of wh i c h was found to be li feet thick, and to contain 30 per cent. of iron, and could be raised at a less nd peculiar, i n others being ot a brow n i s h ti nge; an d, c oat than the blackbands o f Scotland. Its characterlu b l ue colour, in parts of a greenish b from its peculiar qualities, it could b e pro d uce d at 3s. was a to 3s. 6d. per ton. The existence of this oolitic for mation in Northamptonshire was long known ; but it was only till after the Exhibition that its real value had been ascertained. The supply of this ironstone for all practical purposes would be inexhaustible for a long series of years, and was found to be most valu able for mixing with the argillaceous stones of South i Staffordshire, which could not otherwise have long maintained its manufacture o f pig iron. After de scribing the properties of the beds of argillaceous ironstones of the liar, and the slate formations of North Wales, and the green sand and Wealden clay formation, the lecturer alluded to the evident mi neral resources possessed by Ireland, which, although unworked, contained every species of ore to which he had directed attention. Adverting to the improvements in the manufacture of iron, be stated that the first great improvement, and the base of all subsequent advance, was the smelting of iron by coal, which was known in 1620, but not fully applied till 1740. The weekly production of iron from the first poke furnaces was only 10 or 12 tons, in 1788 it was 17 to 18, in 1796 30 tons per furnace, in 1825 it was 42 tons per furnace, and in 1851 the average weekly produce was upwards of 100 tons per furnace. In South Wales, Scotland, and South Staff ordshire, there were furnaces capable of producing 200 tons per week. Thus, in little more than a century, the improvements had been so great, that two furnaces now produced a larger quantity of iron than the en tire furnaces in blast in 1740, whilst the general iron trade had so extended itself, that now several single firms produced from four to fivefold the entire make of the kingdom in 1740. This increase during the last 25 years was owing to the system of heating the blast previously to its being forced into the fur nace, which was first introduced in Scotland, raising the quantity of iron made there from 20,000 tons in 1820, to 200,000 in 18819, or to 775,000 in the 12 following years ; and it w as gradually intro duced all over England. The next improvement was the application of waste gases to raising steam and heating the blast. The result of these improve ments on price s an d increased supply had been very great. . From 1804 to 1820, Pig iron averaged from 'a to 9/. a ton, being protected by a duty of 61. 103. on foreign pig iron. In 1825, this duty was reduced to 1/. 10e. From 1825 to 1847 the price fluctuated from 21. 17s. 6d. to 71. per ton, and from that year to the present it had ranged from 3/ 10s. to V. 12s. 6d. Every reduction in pr ice had been followed by increased demand, and the removal of protection had led to greater attention, both to economy of produc tion and the quality of iron, which was to compete with foreign iron ;and the result had been a gradual lessening of the demand for expensive foreign iron, from which steel was universally made, and thus extending most materially the hardware and cutlery trade of this kingdom. After glancing at the diffi culties and prejudices all these improvements had to contend with, and the ignorance of the value of ores, which had led to the neglect of important sources of ore supply, and often postponed great discoveries, and which were attributable to the absence of any public collection of ores, and the non-existence of any public means of instruction in mining and metallurgy, the lecturer proceeded to eulogise the efforts which had been made by the establishment of the Museum of Practical Geology, and the efforts directed to this end produced by the Exhibition and its promoters to remedy this evil ; and, in a rapid review of the present state of the iron trade, alluded to the number of per sons employed in all its departments, amounting to not less than 650,000 to 700,000, who were well paid and who were as a class intelligent, though from the nature of their occupation less cultivated than it was hoped they would soon be, and concluded by saying it is impossible not to be struck with the vast and almost inexhaustible supplies of iron which we pos sess, and with the wonderful fact that the extraordi nary demand which railways and other requirements have produced should have led, not to an increased price,but to the constant di scovery of new an d cheaper sources of supply. In this respect the iron trade illustrates most strikingly what appears to be a general law—that the natural resources of the world are invariably developed at the times when the pro gress of society most require them, and when that Progress is already such as to enable us to avail our selves to the greatest advantage of new discoveries. Thus with the iron manufacture ; at first the stores of fuel which our forests contained, and the iron ores which cropped out at the surface of the ground, were am ply sufficient for our purposes; then came the knowledge of the power of smelting with coal, and with this knowledge the ste atneengine placed in our hands the vast stores of mineral fuel of our coal fields. The modern system of railways next produced a de mand for iron of an unprecedented character; and simultaneously with this demand occurred the introduction of the hot blast and the use of the blackbands of Scotland. The more intimate connexion of the old an d the new world by means of transatlantic steamers is followed by the discovery of Californian and Australian gold; giving to the commercial and civilised world at large an ac tivity an d a movement such as it has never before witnessed —causing streams of Population to flow in unprecedented numbers from the older countries of Europe to comparatively new regions, and bidding fair to make the vast and magnifi cen t countries of Central America and Australia the seats of great and important empires. And these populations, not iso lated as the colonists of old --n o t struggling with long periods of poverty and slow growth, but springing up rapidly into flourishing communities —all take with them into their new homes the social wants and re quirements of the older countries which they have left. Iron steamers will be required to continue their connexion with those countries, and to carry on the extensive commerce they will originate; new lines of railroad will be necessitated, not from towns to towns , b u t from state to state, and even from ocean to ocean. And not only in America are these a might - -., movements at work, but elsewhere also. In Indi a, with its 180,000,0 00 of population, railroads must be laid down ; the Govern ment of that country can not be held without them ; its natural resources cannot be developed without them ; the rapidly extending requirements of our cotton manufactures will necessitate them ; and every line of railway that is laid down will lead to the de mand for ever-increasing quantities of iron ; and even in our own country the s anitary measures to which such attention is now being directed will re suire an extremely l arge an d i nc reasing supply of iron, both for an abundant sup ply o f water to the manufacturing dense population s o f our districts, and 8 8 of building, also for the purpos w hich the rapidly increasing prosperity of our working classes will no longer permit to be overlooked as in the past. If the increase during the last 25 year s has been so great—from 600 00 2 500 000—there i 0 tons to 1 I increase during every reason to e x pect an equal increase during the next, 25 years, as the general require ments of society must develop t ern (if not in an acceleratin ratio ; and how to supply these requirements a nothe r great source of iron is . , disclosed to us and blackband us ; to the argillaceo ironstones of our coal fields and t he • beematites of our , carboniferous limesto nes are a dd e d the oolitio ores, with the rich per cents fi g e of iron th e y contain, and the low cost at which t he can be raised, and their exhaustless supplies. Can - this constant progression of means—this constant development of one resource after another s socie -t ty requires it, be other than a wise and m ost b eneficenarrange ment, which has for its purpose the adva nc e ment of society to an even higher higher and point, and th e attainment of that amity among all th e nations of the earth which must ultimately pr eva il.—(Cheers. ) Nur does it appear a less wise a n d a . beneficent arrangement that these stores of min era l wealth so needful for the progress should world'se xist in climates temperate as our own, which has produced the strong and vigoro us A Ing 0 - Saxon race to whom work is less a toil than a passion, amongst whom there are so many who do not shrink to devote their entire lives to the developm en t an d ex ecution of some great en terprise. But ifthe A 1 Saxon race has been given ng to-Saxon large a proportion of the mineral riches of the world, it must not be forgotten that equal to the power thus committed to their care is the responsibi lity thereto attached and they mu st of necess ity be the the guiders a nd prom o t e rs of the advancing civi lisation of the present ; seeing that the very basis of that civilisation is to be found in the increased and increasing Power to adapt to the requirements of so ciety the great physical resources of the world, and APRIL 9, 1852 that the science and the skill of the present day would be comparatively povverles-, but for the stores of iron and coal by which that science and skill can be rendered available. The steam-engine, the railroad, and the electric telegraph, the characteristic features of the present day, are indeed preparing a quiet revo lution for the world ; breaking down class interests and substituting universal interests in their place, they are fast uniting in one bond of unity the entire human race, and are leading rapidly, to use the words of his Royal Highness Prince Albert, "to the ac lcomplishment of that end to which indeed all history points, the realisation of the unity of mankind." Fur ourselves, it should not be sufficient that in the bands of a higher Dower than our own, we are un consciously working out the designs of Providence, but we should strive to discern the coming changes which are arising around us, that thus conscious whereunto our work is tending, we may be enabled to place ourselves in harmony therewith. That we have earnest workers amongst us, m-n working with noble aims, with no party, or mainly national spirit, but in the great cause of humanity itself, the Exhibi tion of 1851 has clearly shown. May its promoters long be remembered with honour, and may the im portant benefits w hick it already appears to have con ferred upon all our principal trades, be productive of the results for which its promoters so nobly worked. After a vote of thanks to Mr. Black well the meet ing separated. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. On Tuesday James M. Rendel, Esq., President in the chair. The discussion on Mr. George Donald son's paper, on the " Drainage of I:ichmond," occu pied the whole evening. The system of pipe-sewers and house drains, of small area, as compared with that of main brick sewers of considerable area, with pipe house drains as feeders, was fully discussed; and it was shown that the latter system was much to be prefetred, in asmuch as the small area of the newly-introduced pipe sewers rendered them incapable of carrying off the sewage ; that they very frequently beco ne stopped up by accumulated matter from the houses; that when this occurred, as their dimensions prevented a man from passing through them, great expense was incurred in breaking up the streets, the pipes were broken to a great extent, and at hazard, in seeking for the stoppage ; and that even the weight of the earth in sinking frequently destroyed those pipes. The system of back drainage, through different pri vate properties, was objected to. Brick drains, above fiftee❑ inches in diameter, were shown to be less ex pensive than pipes of the same area, and their dura bility to be much greater. It was stated that, in spite of constant streams of water through the pipe drains, it was not possible to keep them free from accumulations caused by grease, heir, and other extraneous matters, even at Richmond, which was perhaps as favourable a locality for the trial as could have been found ; the removal of the stoppages frequently cost as much as the original laying of the pipe drains, in consequence of the liability to aggregation in them, as already stated. The street sewers should, in general, and especially were the declivity was small, and the depth under ground was considerable, be of sufficient dimen sions to allow a man to pass up easily, to discover and remove obstructions. With respect to the alleged advantage of the di minished friction from the smooth interior surface of the pipe drains, it was shown that considerable mis apprehension existed on that part of the subject, for that, in point of fact, fluid friction was not dependent upon the so-called smoothness of the surface, and was practically the same in a rough cast-iron pipe, smooth drawn lead pipe, a pot drain, and a brick sewer; but protuberances might have the effect of obstructing the motion of heavy solid substances adventitiously present. It was shown, that the form of the trans verse section of the sewers had much less influence on the action of the sewer than had been recently as serted by certain public authorities. The experiments on the flow of water through pipes, as detailed in a recent blue book of the Board of Health, with the expressed object of demonstrating the ignorance of civil engineers on this subject, were brought under review. Some of the experiments had been repeated by Mr. Ha wksley, with the utmost attention to minute accuracy. The results were found to be so utterly contradictory of the statements made and the doctrines taught by the General Board of Health, and so strikingly in conformity with for mula well known to engineers, and with deductions from philosophic principles, as well as the determina tions of practice, us to fully warrant all persons en gaged in sewerage and other hydraulic works, in continuing their adhesion to the established data. The experiments were shown, and the formula was given. At the monthly ballot the following candidates were duly elected :—Messrs. P. P. Baly, T. Draw., and J. Gibbs, as members; and Messrs. F. Barry, B. Baylis, R. Daglish, jun., T. Hutchings , T. M. John son, C. W. Lancaster, H. Marten, G. Plucknett, Braithwaite Poole, and Captain Mark Huish, as asso ciates. The papers announced to be read at the meeting of Tue, , ,day, April 13th, were :—" Account of a Swing Bridge over the River Rother, at Rye, on the line of the Ashford and Hastings branch of the South- Eastern Railway," by Mr. C. May, M. Inst. C.E. ; and "Description of the Viaduct erected over the River Nore, near Thornastowv, in the county of Kil kenny, to carry th e Waterford and Kilkenny Rail way,', by Captain IV. S. Moorsom, M. Inst. C.E. METROPOLITAN SE WEBS COMMISSION. Oa Wednesday a special court was held at the prin cipal office, in Greek- street, Soho-square, at which the following commissioners were present: the Chairman, Mr. S. M. Peto, M.P., and Major Dawson. The CHAIRMAN said he thought it right to draw the attention of the Court to the fact that a report had been made to him by Mr. Lovick, one of the surveyors to the commission, with respect to the conduct of a certain builder, as regarded one of the former clerks of the works. It appeared that a person, who was in a certain degree the owner of a sewer at Kilburn, had applied to the proper officer to remedy certain imperfections which he alleged existed in the works executed in regard to this sewer under the super i ntendence of the commission, and at the time he made this request the applicant had stated that he attributed the inefficient manner in which these works had been executed to the circum stance of g ratuities having been receiv e d by th e e l er k of the works from a certain builder. Now this was a serious charge, and an investigation immediately took place, when it was most clearly proved th a t pay ments had been made by this builder to the clerk of the works stationed there, in gratuities to the extent of 21. in one month. It was perfectly manifest that if such a state of things were allowed to continue the commissioners would have no security whatever for the faithful performance of the works entrusted to the superintendence of persons wno received gratuities. It was right, therefore, that the Court should publicly give their officers to understand that such an offence, if established, would be visited by immediate dismissal, and it was also proper that builders and other persons should be publicly informed of this, as likewise that in such a case the Commis sioners would not undertake the liability of keeping the sewer in order. The name of the builder in this case was Newman, but the clerk of works by whom the gratuities had been accepted was not now in the employ of the commission ; he was one of those discharged by the reduction of the establishment. He (the Chairman) had the admission of Mr. New man himself that be had paid these sums ; but he asserted that he did not give them as rewards, but merely because he was under the impression that such payments were customary. It was quite clear that when such cases came before them, the commissioners must employ the most severe measures, and he had just been reminded that by the 29th section of the Metropolitan Sewers' Act, parties in the employ of the commission accepting remuneration, fees, &c., other than those to which they were entitled, were liable not only to be discharged, but also to a penalty of 60/. He would move that this clause be printed and posted up in the office. Mr. PETO and Major DAwsoN concurred in these observations, and recommended that in case of the offence being repeated the penalties in the clause should be enforced. The financial statement was then submitted, from which it appeared that there was a balance in hand on the 3d inst. of 6,0981 93. 91., on which cheques had to be presented amounting to 2,6521. 03. 6d., leaving an available balance of 3,5721. 9s. 3d. Out of this ba lance the Court now authorised payments to the ex tent of 1671. 123. 101 The ordinary business having been disposed of the Court adjourned. [ADVERTISEMENT.] Holloway's Ptlls a certai n remedy for the Cure of Sick Headaches, Dimness of Sight, and Deranged Stomachs.—Extract of a letter from Mr. Di ns _ dale, of Newcastle, dated July 1, 18il. "To Professor Rol. loway. Sir,—l have been a great sufferer for some time from a deranged stomach, sick headach, and dimness of sight, ray digestion was so impaired that I could not venture to eat any solid food, and I was so weak as to be almost incapable of walking a hundred yards. I tried a great variety of medicines without deriving the least benefit, I then commenced taking your Pills, and this invaluable medicine has restored me to perfect health."—Sold by all vendors of medicines and at Pro fessor Holloway's Establishment, 244, Strand, London. GENERAL POST-OFFICE, MARCH, 1852.—0 n and from Tuesday, the 6th April, the mails from the United Kingdom for Norway will be conveyed direct by sea, be tween Denmark and Norway, will and - continuo to be so for warded until f ur th er notice. The rate of postage to be taken on letters add resse d to Norway will be ls. 4d. the half-ounce, -ounce, and so on, ac cor di ng to the scale in operation in the This rate comprisesUni:ed Kingdom for c h arging inland letters. i both the Briti s h and foreignpostage place of thei r destination, and it may h 0 .....A Pa the letters to the e ither paid in ad• vance, or th e l etters may be forwarded unpaid, at the option of the send er , except, bowever j as . . the r egards registered letters. t the posta ge upon which, as well '"" --e registration fee l mutt be paid in adyance. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. wkSTERN ciactin'.—T , ant.m, April 6. CROWN COURT.—(I3 -fore Mr. Justice EaLe.) TH FROMM MURDER. IVilliam Sparrow, Wiliam illaggs, and Robert Hurd, were indicted for the wilful murder of Sarah warts on the 24th of September. Mr. Moody and Mr. Everitt were counsel for the prosecution, and Mr. Edwards defended Sparrow and Maggs. In the course of the opening address Hurd asked the judge to assign bun counsel. Mr. MOODY, after a short time, said that Mr. Ed wards would undertake to defend all the prisoners. Mr. Justice ERLE said he thought no one was so proper to do it, as Mr. Edwards held briefs fur the other two prisoners. Mr. EDWARDS said he would defend them all, but would ask his LordThip to allow him the assistance of a junior, and his friend Mr. 11.. T. Cole had offered to assist him. Mr. Justice ERLE said that would be very proper. The facts of the case rested upon circumstantial evidence. It appeared that the deceased Sarah Watts was a child of about 14 years of age, and was the daughter of Jahn Watts and Leah Watts. They occupied a dairy farm about two miles from Frame. On the morning of the 24th of September the parents, as was their custom, started for Frame market, leav- , . ing the child alone in the house. Tney returned about four o'clock in the afternoon. Upon entering the house the first thing that attracted the father's attention was some blood on the kitchen floor; he also heard a little dog lapping something in the dairy, which adjoined the kitchen. He called for his daugh ter, but she did not answer, and he then went into tha dairy, and there found his daughter lying on the floor; her clothes were tors, and she was bruised and bloody, and quite dead. Upon an examination of the body by a surgeon it turned out that tl.e poor child had been ravished while living, and that her death had been caused by suffocation, as there were marks on her neck and throat, and upon her head. It was therefore clear thst she had been shockingly abused, and then brutally murdered. Some bread, butter, and cheese, had been taken. The parents went upstairs, and found the room had been ransacked ; some clothes and a watch had been taken, but there was no money. There was a silk handker- chief left on the kitchen table. The robbery had been skilfully contrived, for, although it was com mitted in broad dayligh', and within 100 yards of road, and near some other houses, yet there was no eye witness to any part of the transaction, and the girl had not been heard to cry out. The body was removed upstairs soon after it was found. Informa tion was conveyed to the police, and an application was made to the Home-office, and a detective officer was sent down on the Sunday following, and be com menced his investigation on Monday, the 297 h of September. He observsd blood on the floor of the dairy, and that some whey had been spilt from the whey•tub Upon emptying the whey-tub there were marks of blood on the bottom, and o❑ the left-hand side of the dairy-door there was the mark of a person's hand, with blood upon the thumb. There was a mark on the wall, as if the point of a person's shoe had caught against it, and upon comparing the girl's shoe with the mark they were found to correspond, and the point of the shoe had mortar upon it. The clothes of the girl appeared as if she had been put in the whey-tub. She had been seen alive at one o'clock. Then came the question, by whom was this dreadful outrage committed—rape, robbery, and murder ? The pri- sonars with another man had been seen together at a public house, as the father and mother went to Frome in the morning of that day. The three prisoners lived near Frome. Sparrow knew the house of Watts and the inmates well. The prisoners were seen toe gether about twelve o'clock, when they were heard to make an appointment to meet again within an hour, and then they separated. About two o'clock they were seen going in the direction of the house of Watts, and within half a mile of it. Hurd then appeared to be leading them on, as he walked first and beckoned them to follow him ; but Sparrow and Maggs were shortly afterwards seen without Hurd. About three o'clock a man was seen running from the direction of the scene of the murder. Between three and four o'clock the prisoners were seen again, but they had then changed their dresses. Maggs was seen hand ing something over to Hurd. In the course of the afternoon they were all seen in the market place of Frome, and one was heard to say, A . watch, but no tin." They were seen together several times that evening. Three witnesses swore that the handkerchief found on the kitchen table belonged to Sparrow ; but when he was taken he declared he had not had a silk handkerchief for seven years. On Monday, the 29th of September, there was a fair at North Bradley, about seven miles from Frome. Sparrow was th ere , an d a woman named Watson said to him, that as he came from Frome, he must have heard about the murder ; to which he gave this extraordinary answer, "that he saw the child since the murder; that he was there on the Thursday (the day after the murder) ; that she was lying near the whey-tub with her clothes right over her head, and had blows oil her head that had been inflicted by a stick ; that she had been put in the whey-tub, and it was covered with blood from her head ; and that he did not think it would ever be found out, as only one man had done it, and he wo uld never tell " was ask e d if he knew how it was done, and be said, " Yes, I'll tell you how it was done. She was knocked on the head w ith a stick, and then she was held in the whey tub till she was dead, and then taken out and laid on the floor." He had a knot in his neckerchief under his ear, and some one asked him if be should be hung soon, and be said he sup posed it would not be lung first. "'"K the blood had not been found at fTh°:'boatttosahluot time the the whey-tub, and the holy of the girl had been carried upstairs on the Wednesday, and he had not been there on the Thursday. On the Tuesday morning Sparrow's hand was tied up, and he said be had been bitten in a row the previous night, but upon ex amining the wound it was clear it had been inflicted some days, and therefore it was supposed that the poor child, in her struggles, might have bitten his hand, and that would account for the mark of the hand with blood on it upon the wall of the pantry. He was taken into custody upon another charge on Wednesday, the Ist of October, and then his hand was examined ; and, from the festered state of the wound, it was clear that the injury must have been inflicted some days before. Maggs had been seen with Sparrow half a mile from the house shortly before the murder, and they were seen together shortly after it had been perpetrated. A few days after the murder Maggs was heard conversing with another person about it. That person said he had h ear d t h at Sparrow was going to "peach," and that he was not only to have a pardon but the 50/. reward. Upon which Maggs said he could not get the pardon or the 501., for he (Sparrow) was the man who killed her, and be would not have killed her hut she knew him. With regard to Hurd, the evidence suggested that he was the accom plice and the planner end leader of the robbery. Smith, the officer, upon this went to each of the pri soners, and before he took him into custody gave him an opportunity of explaining his conduct on that day. Each made a statement which turned out to be quite false. Sparrow was taken itto custody on account of a watch he had, and which it was supposed might have been the watch taken from the house of Watts. Sparrow said he had bought it on the 24th of Sep tember of Robert Hurd, and that Maggs was present, and this led to the apprehension of all the prisoners. He said he had not paid for the watch. Every Ell deavour had been made to trace to whom the watch belonged, but without success. To prove the case for the prosecution no less than 43 witnesses were called, whose evidence extended over a vast variety of smell and minute facts, and made out in great measure the summary we have given. At nearly nine o'clock at night the case for the prosecution was closed, and then the Court WAS ad journed to the next morning. April 7. This morning the trial was resumed. Mr. EDWARDS addressed th e j ury for the risoner?, P urging upon them th a t a weaker case h the had never been unhappy of submitted to a jury. The blood had seemed to c a ll for vengeance, girl stance was caught at with a and every circum view of di scove ring the villains had committed thi s h orr id cr i me . It was who found that a watch had been t a k en f rom the hours, and, in the cours e of inquiry, it was discovered that appre hension of the prisoners. And Sparrow bad a watch, and that had led to the suit of the watch affair ? Why , it was cleaTlypro Ile got up. that the watch had never belonged the oo Watts. casehad been complained of the manner in wh . ic e ti nd t ed yet, what was the proved a charge et the magistrates which affected their lives, and atto 3 rney to be present had refused to permit These men were apprehended On their behalf when the .; I Ile also complained of the tion before those o an attorney was under inveA;iza mo and proceeding to examine denly u p on the '''ewmot substantiating something like by tffiheceidinetective officer in coming sni de adopted them with an view the magistrates the men, having guilt. his friend to put in those when he called upon had tim l e V t h o e collect themselves, made statements, and yet stateme nts, his friend had refused t o put thenin. Surely in such a case they did n o t want to entrap a verdict. He also complained most strongly cf th e mode in which his triend had o p ene d t h e case, for tt.e opening amounted to this—' , I can't prove a single fact against the prisoners, but I believe them to be guilty, and therefore I cell upon you to find them guilty of this charge, although it may cost the forfei. ture of their lives." Hs admitted that n more hom.ur• able min than his Learned Friend did not exist, and he could only account for his friends conduct by supposing that he had a ll owed h i mse lf to be carritd away by his feeling of horror for the orinae that h a d ______ hen coo,mi—erl, and by a desire that the perpe tr.oor, • f c , lute should he puoiso.d. The Learned C )unsel , h , n, with great force, analysed the evidence to show that there was nothing in it which at all brought home guilt to the prisoners; and urged very strongly upon the jury the fact that the prisoners had not attempted to leave the neighbourhood; they had remained where they were known. Was there evi dence upon which they would even hang a dog? But he should cell witnesses to show that the prisoners were at different places, and differently dressed from that to which the witnesses for the prosecution had • spoken. Witnesses were then called, who swore to baying seen the prisoners in Frome somewhere near about the time the murder must have been committed. Mr. Wool' then arldre,s-d the jury in reply. The Learned JUDGE summed up, and the jury, after a lengthened deliberation, returned a verdict of Not Guilty. As soon as the verdict of Not Guilty was delivered, Hurd said, "My Lord, we are all innocent. Pro vid,.nce has done this. " Maggs then said, "I declare to Gad we are inno- cent." Sparrow said, " Wo were not within a mile of the spot. God has done it.". lord then said, "My Lord, it will all be found out within a month. Let me speak to Mr. Smith (the detective officer.) They all then said, " Let us see Mr. Smith." CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. OLD COURT. (Before Mr. Baron MARTIN and Mr. Justice TaeFouan.) FORGERY.-- Mary Ann Mannson, aged 29, described as a spinster, was indicted for feloniously forging and ut tering a receipt for the sum of 101, with intent to de fraud the governors of Christ's Hospital. The prisoner pleaded not guilty. Mr. Clarkson and Mr. Bodkin appeared for the pro secution, and Mr. Lilley defended the prisoner. Mr. CLARKSON opened the case to the jury. There were various annuities payable by Christ's Hospital, founded by various charitable persons deceased, and amongst them was a fund out of which a certain number of paor blind persons were paid lu/. a year. In Feb., 1851, a person named Lusby became entitled to the an nuity, and as neither he nor his wife, who was in the same service as the priHcner, could write, he secured the assistance of the prisoner in preparing the necessary certificate to be signed by the clergyman and church wardens of the parish in which he lived, upon which be was to obtain the annuity. He was paid the first an nuity of 101. in January. 1851, but in the month o March billowing Lusby died, and the widow requested the prisoner to caq and couitaunica:e the fact to the hos pital authorities. She, boa ever, never did so, and when last January arrived she forged a second certificate, and obtained another 101 in the name of the deceased Loshy. Some formal evidence having been put in as to the issuing of the blank form of the certificate, and the payment of the first anti second annuities, the two certi ficates were produced. The receipts for the money on both occasions wt re signed Maly Ann Lusby, and the amounts were paid in two 101. Bank of England notes. Eastaheth Louisa Lusby examined by Mr. BoDani--I am a widow. My husband was named Robert Lusby. He died the 15th March, 1851. Once before his death ho received an annuity from Christ's Hospital. We were living at the time at No. 1, North-place, Walwortb. I knew the prisoner then. She lived at Miss Sea ward's, in Grosvenor-park, Walwortb, where I used to go to wash. I remember being at Miss Seaward's when something was said about going to receive the money. My husband called with one of the papers produced, and the prisoner told me to go with my husband to Mr. Garland, the churchwarden of Newington, and get it signed. The prisoner afterwards met me at the hospital, and while I and my husband waited outside she went in and got the 10/ in a note, which she gave to my husband. After my husband died, in March, I asked the prisoner to write to Christ's Hospital and tell the authorities of his decease. She said she would do so, and when I saw her again she said she had written. Just before last Christ' mas I saw her again, when she repeated that she bad properly reported the death; but on the sth of JanuarY of the present year she asked me if she should got the money this year for me, and I refused to let her do any' thing of the sort. I afterwards went to the Hospital and found that my husband's death was not known there, and that a second 10/. had been paid on his ac:, count. Th e pr i soner then ,threatened to throw herself in the river if I said anything about it. I knew the P ris oner in Miss Seaward's service for nine years or more. NeTwhienglitoenv: Mr stat . e o d a t s h l a o t w, he the i,i g r n e e c d tor the of fir t ii h t e c p e a r r a i fi sh cat o: . This year he reciived a second blank certificate, which he returned to Mrs. Lusby unsigned. Ite were thennot in p the handwriting roved that the o f h e ti name s those sthe parties last h c w e rt o i fi s ; cat signatures they purported to be. Mr. Reid, who resided in the same house with Mr. Lusby, where the prisoner formerly lodged, stated that , after Mr. Lusby received the blank certificate from the. clergyman he went t o the hospital and ascertained the!, a second annuity had hem paid. He was shown a book which was signed Mary Ann Lusby, and he believed th e writing was that of the prisoner. This witness giel identified the hand-writing en the back of the meow' 10/ note as being that of the prisoner. George Kinnair, police cons'ahle K 1, stated that tlio woman at the bar WA., given into his custody on a charg e of obtaining a 10/ note from Christ's Hospital unde r false pretences. She said sh 4 had never received a for.i thing from Christ's flspitr.l. in her li' e , and asked there was any gent l ernsti at the ho.pitsl that could identify her. He told her he could not say th, re we s ' and she then asked who was to be brought against he r ‘ i He told h er , and alio th en said she did receive 10/., an d sign papers for Mrs. Lusby, which she knfw was wrong. She had two 5/ r.otes, two wvereigns, 7s. 6.1. in silve r, and a saving s b an k b ook in her pssession when she wa s searched. This was the case for the prosecution. Mr. LILLEY then proceeded to address the jury fo r the defence, a r : d con t en d ed that the evidence which ha d been produced was not sufficient to substantiate the charge. At all events he vvus convinced that the forger,' and sf utterinng in thi s case had not been proved to the a?,tio called for a ver ofdie discriminating men, and he therefore r ofuittal. The Learned JUDGE hotving summed up, The jury having retired, returned into court with a ;The is senter tied to he imp r i soned and 10 0 verdict. p o r f is G on u e i r l q w • to hard labour for nine n3oi,ths. YW IR D CO 7 . (134 - ire the COMMON SERGEANT.) SINGULAR CASE, --A labouring man, named George pis Hudson, pleady gu i lt y to a charge of perjury and cell cy. Mr. UIFFARD said, he was instructed by the Commi s ' siouers of Ba ikruiycy who prosecuted, to mention till nature of the charge, and to leave the Court to des with the p r i soner as it thought proper. The prisone r was called as a witness at the Bankruptcy Court, in Ov a ' case of a bankrupt named William D enman , au he swore that he borrowed from Denman 251. en the 29th o f J anuary, 1852, and gave him a stamPed receipt for the money cn that day. The receipt wa' produced and identified by the prisoner, but on mania; ing it it was discovered that the stamp was not issue° from Somerset-house until the 12th of February, 18 52 ' about three weeks after it was said to have been given to the bankrupt. Seeing the truth could no longer be coo' cealed, he at length admitted that his previous story vy 9s a concocted fiction, and that he never received the money' On being searched, a paper was found on him containing s w a r y i t t t n e n t h i e n s c t , r ) u m c m t i o i s n i, s i e b a y e rthe respectingbankrupt as to what he was t ° circumstances, the Commissioner th th oti e g l h oa t send the case to this court, but he wished it to be Me n : tion' d that he believed the prisoner had been used as a tool by the bankrupt for his own purposes. a nd Al h r. ad P b ß e E e sup', whose wife camgenintgo said he was a poor and illiterate, though an honest man, bank' NaDlEedFtGinA:siwho. whoaappeared for the prisoners distress n it . U hi n s d d e u rt ty bes to o and begged him to attach his signature to the p . apal:: He could neither read nor write, and was entirely Igo°, Ile now expressel: rant of the consequences of his am d the Coon' his great contrition for the offence, and hope the him rec i e n ipt g b r y eat the would deal mercifully with him in consequence of li t !! wife and family, . who would have no means of sou sistenco if he were imprisoned for any long peri o d. Several pers, ns gave the prisoner a good c h ar acter for honesty and veracity. The COMMON SERGEANT said he would postpone pus" Sonhia B utler, s p insters ROBBING CHILDE , , 16, __ • d for siealiog eapven half crowns, the metier the prisoner. of Sarah Johnson, from the person of Maria Johnson. I t a ppeared that the prisoner accosted Maria Johnso l3, girl, as she was leaving a shop on Ludgate . i l, n ,a g s s i e u n c t i e lc o:e up( n t bill, where r w is h a e l r i e " s ie be had just received some money for he, mother, and pretended to know her family, and induce: wak with her along some retired lanes in the her City. Taking ingadvantae of the opportunity thus afforded her she succeeded girl's pocket, abstra ct i ng t h e money from t he The jury found the prisoner Guilty. Thee were several indictments against the prisoner for similar robberies upon children. The COMMON SERGEANT sentenced her to imprison' meat for twelve mouths. The Je Liverpool Watch Committee have decided that no member of an Orange or Ribbon society shall be, allowed to rema i n, or be engaged, in the police force or the borough. BIRTHS. OF A ao On the 7th i nst., at llarnbledon, Hants, the wife of Erasalli 3 Saunders, Esq. On th e B t h inst OF • OAUGHTETit. Captain Pell. ~ at the Willows, West liam, the wife of --------- On the 21 inst. MARRIED. hey. Thomas Ilotchinson, vicar assi•ted by the Rev. Joh ( ' t ht Sawbridgeworth Church, Herts, by all DJohnsone, M.A., Charles Keilat:d Lee, Esq., of pip / wall, evon, to Fanny, eldest d aughter of the late Franc i s Edo, sq., of Pishohury Park, Herts. D On the 2d i ns t., Lieutenant Andr lED. ew Dunlap, R.N., aged. 36, youngest son of the late J. Dunlap, Esq., M.D., of SY d ell ham, K en t. On the Gth inst., at, St. Vincent' s , Addington, aged 2% Mary Rachel, wife of Ge orge Rusher, E,q. Oa the 7th inst., at liattle, Napoleon Drew, Esq., aged 28. London: Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNth of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Wiwi No. 11 . ,1 st r and, in the Precinct of the SAvoy, th. On* w. pinta legs ktlu 0 4mi4 Os lib& r ,pr su At