The Sun. — London, England, 1865-03-03 00:00:00

------ LIFEBOAT .SERVICES.—During the storms of the past year 1864 the boats of the National Lifeboat institution have saved 432 persons from different wrecks on our coasts, The Institution also expended L 19,531 14s. sd. in the same perivd on lifeboat establishments, in addition to gra nting ts £1 lif ,s6 eboats, 9as wa ds rer dsher for means. saving 693 shipwrecked per sons by i a The Committee of the Institution earnestly A i'PEAL to the public for ASSISTANCE to enable them to meet the continued heavy demands on the Institution's 110 lifeboat establishments. Contributions are received by Messrs. Willis and Co.. Herries and Co., Contts and Co., and by all the London and country bankers ; and by the Secretary, Richard Lewis, Esq. at the Institution, 14, John-street, Adelphi. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. (Opera Company. Limited.) PRODUCTION OF GOUNOD'S MOCK DOCTOR. TliIS F.TENIN . .'7, the Opera of TIII 4 I MOCK DOCTOR (the English wor .s by hares Kenny'. principal characters by 3lesdames Poole, Thiriwall, and I. anny liuddart ; Messrs. her ay Haigh, A. Cook, C. Lyail, Duss.k, Lingham, and Corr. i. ConduAor, Mr. A. 31EL LON. Alter which, the Grand and highly successful ral.tomim acces e, CIN DERELL A. Magnificent bet:nay and gorgeous sories. Commence at Seven. THEATR E-R OY AL, DRURY-LANE, Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING, Sir E. L. Bulwer Lytton's Play of RICHELIEU Messrs. Phelps, Waiter Lacy, IL Marston, E. Phelps, Neville, Sinclair ; Mrs. Hermann Vezin, Liss IL Howard, &o. Alter which, the Grand Christmas Pantomime, HOP O'MY THUMB AND HIS ELEVEN BROTUEE' ; or, Harlequin and the Ogre of the Seven -League Boots : Messrs. G. net more, Torn M a tthews, G. Weston, Master Percy Roselle, &c. Misses Lydia Thompson. R. Lcclercq, ac. ; Messrs. Bolen° C. t h e A. Barne:., T. Morris, Cormack, Saville •Md Boleno,Misses Gunnies, and Signor Tese,ano. THEATRE-ROYAL, E-R YA L, HAYMARKET. Lessee. Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, FISH OUT OF WATER. Mr. Comp ton ; Miss Caroline Bill, &c. To be lollowe I by DAVID GARRICK. Messrs. Chippendale, Sothern, Buckstone, Rogers, Clark, Coe, Wea thersby, ac. ; Mesdames Moore, Snowdon, Fitzwilliam, &o. After which, LORD DUNDREA.RY MARRIED AND DONE FOR Messrs. Sothern, Buckstone, Braid, Gordon, Clark, White, Coe, Weathereby, &c. ; Mesdames Snowdon, Hill, &c. With PRINCESS SPRINGTIME. Mr. Compton, Miss L. Keeley. To commence at 7. NE" THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI .— owe rroort.&. , r sau al:. ri. b IWO 41:1'. fIIL3 EVENING, ICI ON PAELE FRANCAIS. Mr. J. L. Tool?, Mr. R. Phillips, Mr. Billington, Miss K. Kelly, Mrs. BilLngton, Airs. H. Lewis. Atter which, tha Comic Drama of MASKS AND FACES ; or, Before and Behind the Curtain. Mr. Benjamin Webster, Mews. Pant Beatord, Billington, Ashley, Stuart, C. Smith, Mrs. Stirling - , Miss IL Simms. and Mrs. Billington. To conclude with THE AREA BELLE. Messrs. J. I. Toole, Paul Bedford, and Mrs. A. Mellon. Commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Sole Management of Mr. Fechter. THIS EVENING, SIMPSON AND CO. Messrs. S. Emery, C. Horsman, Collett; Mesdames C. Horsman, lien rade, E. Boyce, and Elswortny. After which, at half-past Es, a New Drama, entitled THE ROADSIDE INN. Raul Mamile, Mr. Fechter. Messrs. Widdicomb, C. liorsman, I 4 itzpatrick, Garden, Moreland, Raymond, Collett; Mesdames E,s,aorthy and B. Percy. To conclude with TWO IN THE MORNING. Messrs. Wit.ldisemb and Eme. y. Doors open at Half-past Six. The Box-office open daily from Elevat till Five. CYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. _ILA) Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. tIIS EVENING, a new Farce, by Mr. David Fisher, entitled HEAitT-STILINGS AND FIDDLE-STR NUS. Atter which, THE hTItEhT3 OF LONDON. Messrs. J. W. Ray, D. Fisher. D. Murray, J. Nelson. 11. Forre,ter. IL Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Marston, Miss Emma Ilarnett, and Miss Fanny Uwynne. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress. Mrs. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, at 7, THE WILFUL WARD. Mr. Belford ; Miss Palmer. Atter which, the great Comic Drama, MILKY WHITE Jllecsrs. Craven, Stoy le, Jame.; Miss Swanborough. To conclude w th TdE " GRIN" BUSHES : Mr. Fenton, ; Mesdames itaynham, Simpson, Johnstone, &c. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied, as soon as published every Evening by W. ALEXANDER (late MIOOKS). Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish- street, Oxford-street. i r HE LAST EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the Latest SI'OUTL)Iti , pan be had Every Evening of GLENLE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, llyde-park. THE LAST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied as .Foon as Published containing all the Lel , 7.sT NI Ws and SPORTISG INTELLIGENCE, by H. W. HARRIS, NeA spaper Agent, 4, Black/Mrs-roan, London, S. HIGH WATER AT LONDON.BRIDGE. THIS DA'.—Morning,`, sh. 56m.—Afternoon, 6h. 20m. To-Monßow.-Itorning, 6h. 40m.—Afternoon, ih. 10m. tilt ~~ LONDON, FRIDAY, MARCH 3, 1865. -.--- When the House of Commons goes into a Com mittee of Supply, the occasion generally gives rise to a long debate, though it does not always secure a full house to listen to that debate, or a very practi cal result to it. At the same time, the proceedings of the noble lords and honourable gentlemen cer- tainly require a rigid supervision, and the facts that are elicited in such discussions do not tend to re- move the general feeling of satisfaction and suspi cion with which the public regard the proceedings of the Admiralty. The name of that venerable institution is a byeword for extravagance, reckless outlay, and inefficient mismanage ment ; but no one or two persons can bear the blame which belongs, in fact, to an effete and unwieldy system. The debate on the Navy Esti mates usually excites more interest out of doom than it does within the walls of Parliament, where members find the details and examinations, the charges and counter charges, tedious to listen to, since they have no bearing upon present divisions or future elections, whatever their importance to the public Fortunately there are some members who have sufficient energy and knowledge of the subject to take up arms on behalf of the taxpayers, and to scrutinise pretty closely the application of the public funds, as well as to criticise the way in which the work is done, and to insist upon the necessity of the English fleet retaining its pre-emi nence on the seas. With the object of Mr. BAILLIE'S motion, however, we cannot altogether concur. The Select Committee asked for would only create further delay, when our armaments are already in an unsatisfactory state. The experiment system has certainly been carried far enough, if not too far, as costly guns have frequently been, we may say, wan tonly destroyed. NAPOLEON said that if a gun fired three rounds, it had saved its honour, and surely if it has fired three hundred rounds it may be stared further experiment, and retained for future use in the service, instead of going on to a thousand rounds and trying it till it bursts. There has doubtedly been a system of favouritism and exclu siveness with regard to guns as well as to every other department of the Admiralty, which has in terfered with its efficiency. Sir W. ARMSTRONG, able as he undoubtedly is, was for a long while the Only maker whose guns had a chance, and w hen hon.members talked about the superiority of the guns foreign nations, it is, at the same time, gra tifying and mortifying to remember that they are to a great extent the work of Englishmen, gratifying because our countryme n have thus displayed their old ingenuity and officialpower of invention, and mortify ing because, from mismanagement, their own country has not profited by their abilities. When the superiority of the Russian armamentsis talked of, we have the satisfaction of ti i ofk ; thatwi ngthat the ser vices of the man who gave superiority were offered to our Admiralty-tuad rejected. The story of Captain BLAKELY'S unsuccessful applica tion is well known, but it was just as well that it should be repeated last night. In 1862 Capt a i n BI,AKELY offered the War Secretary to furnish him with an 8-inch gun which should pierce the side of the Warrior. What was the reply of the Minister who was bound to provide the country with the best and most efficient means of attack and defence that were possible? He replied that he could not use such a gun if he had it, and ac- itut -_....--------------7—_ cor di ng ly Captain BLAKELY, rejected by his own 1 country, made an offer to the Russian Government, who at once accepted it, ordered some guns on trial, with which they were so much pleased that they had a large number constructed for their ironclad fleet. The consequence is, that Mr. BAILLIE de dares that English ships, with their present arma ment, would be unequal to meet Russian shipa armed by our own rejected inventor. Other na tions have been equally ready to appreciate his abi lity. The Blakely Ordnance Company, said Mr. BAILLIE, have supplied 300 and 600-pounders to the Federal and Confederate States, and are still supplying them to the Federals. "They are exe cuting orders for the Russian Government-11-inch guns for the defence of Cronstadt, and 8-inch guns • for the fleet. They had orders for the Governments of Sweden, for Spain, and for Portugal ; in fact, for most of the Governments of Europe, and it was only by their own Government that they were not appreciated." This is a fair sample of the manner in which our native inventors are disgusted by the rigid exclusiveness of official routine and the pre vailing spirit of red-tapism. When one man is received into favour he alone is right, and no one else may have a hearing. Our authorities seem to forget that, however great or admirable an inven tion, it may still be capable of improvement. What one man has founded another may build upon or enlarge, and the inventions of one mind may pre pare the ground and suggest the way for another. But our Admiralty system allows of no such chances, and the complaints made of all officials, more or less, apply with double force to the authorities, great and small, of the Admiralty. The Marquis of HARTINGTON, in defending the existing state of things, assured the hon. member that our armaments were not so defective as he thought ; that the 6-ton 7 inch calibre gun, rifled on the shunt principle, has been found most efficient against iron plates, and that a few weeks ago it fired completely through the Warrior target. We have not, he said, many vessels in the navy which were capable of carrying, in numbers, the 12-ton guns, although such vessels were in course of construction. Lord HARTINGTON defended his department from the charge of neglect, and pointed out the propriety of not rashly committing the country to one parti cular gun, before it was fully ascertained which was the most effective. They were, he said, having guns constructed in large numbers, which could be quickly rifled, when it was determined which man ner of rifling was best. So far this reasoning is sound, but our authorities must take care that the navy is supplied with a sufficient number for de fence in the meantime. The navy, moreover, should not be dependent on the War Office for its guns, since they are not properly qualified judges. There should have been more naval men on the committee, for military men, however able, are not the best judges for the requirements of naval warfare. The navy should be able to provide its own guns ; and where is the use of the First Lord being responsible, when, as a landsman, he knows nothing of the sub ject. Lord HARTINGTON complained that it was hard the Government should first be blamed for undue haste, and then for unnecessary delay, but the fact is that the public have had too much reason for censure on both grounds. When the debate went on to the question of the dockyard accounts, the official defence was more difficult. Mr. SEELY'S speech on the excessive cost of fitting out, refitting, and repairing ships in the Navy, touched upon what may be truly termed a popular grievance. The examples cited by Mr. SEELY of the cost of Admiralty repairs were almost amusing. A vessel cost £17,653, which would, at the same rate of calculation, have cost £1.6,964. Another vessel, which in three years had twice undergone - repairs, had cost the country over £40,000, while, if bought new, she would have cost less than £33,000. The engines of the Sharpshooter had cost £9,000, while new engines might have been bought for £5,000. The list is too long to quote, but as Mr. CHILDERS assured the House that a better method of keeping the dockyard ac counts had been decided upon, we must hope for some more light on the subject. One other topic is likely to give the Admiralty some trouble this session. We allude to the Royal Sovereign, about which Mr. LAIRD could elicit no information except the unwillingness of the Secre tary of the Navy to tell too much about it. He is most anxious to give the House the fullest possible information on every point—only the particular in formation asked for is most objectionable, and therefore cannot be forthcoming ! We hope our naval reformers will not be put off with any such ingenious platitudes, but will insist on a full ac count of the management of the Royal Sovereign in and out of commission. We have of late years had several startling inci dents connected with criminal cases brought before us, but it is long indeed since so remarkable an occurrence took place as that which has made the Saffron-hill affray for ever memorable in the annals of justice. It forms, indeed, a subject for speculation, and will naturally suggest the expediency of making such alterations in the law as will prevent the re currence of such a circumstance. It is certainly a proof that the workings of the law were very defec tive , and it is a fearful thing to reflect upon, that, but for the energetic efforts of the Italians mixed up in the affair, an innocent man would have met with a fearful end. The' crime of murder seems not to have been committed at all, according to the last evidence taken, and thus the horror with which the case was before invested is in a great degree re moved. There seems no blame to be attached tothose who convicted PELlzzioNr, for the evidence against him was very conclusive, and no doubt could have c y e s o s f ar t y h e t o cr icimmre, dwell upon d thisto existed in the minds of those who heard it that he w m as ore giffi ne t him poi . nt, lt be is ca t us he e el i doubtless, in the excitement of the affair, many may hastily affirm such to be the case, and virtually attach that reproach to the administrators of the law which really belongs to the absurd restrictions which hedge it round, and often defeat the very objects that they pretend to serve. It is to be hoped that the striking events of this trial may furnish a sufficient reason with many to induce them to forgo their objections to altering the forms of the law as they at present exist. Doubtless, the full truth of this extraordinary affair will never be cleared up, and must remain among those matters which are shrouded in impenetrable mystery; but so far as one can feel assured by evidence and attendant cir cumstances we may feel pret t y certain that the ends of justice have been answered, and above a ll we may rejoice that a grave e rror has been preven ted, and the awful occurrenc e of an innocent man suffer ing the extreme penalty of the law b een avoided. The rules of evidence which have operated so un successfully for the purposes of justice in this case should be altered forthwith. We go on clinging to traditional notions of law and preconceived ideas of propriety, until some serious event occurs, which proves their inefficiency and imperfection. A more glaring instance of failure can never be expected to occur than this Saffron -hill affair, and no longer delays should be permitted to intervene before the necessary steps are taken. Had the precluded statements been made at the first trial, the result might have been very different t o what it was, and I'HEI:SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENiNG, MARCH 3, 186,1., . tibia more than enough to say to show the need of a. (change being made. It is a reproach to our law that - the truth of this affair would not have been dis covered had not Mr. NEGRETTI undertaken it ; and while the result of his strenuous exertions reflects the highest credit upon his zeal and foresight, it also exhibits a lack of research, and a want of care on the part of those concerned in certifying the evi dence, which cannot be too much regretted, when we consider the fearful consequences which they might have entailed. Had MOGNI been examined the result would have been different at the outset ; and although all important bearings of his state ments could not have been seen, still the duty of securing him in the witness box was the same. All is well that ends well is, however, a consolation that may be applied in this case, as in that of others, and we must trust that in future more success will attend the adjudication of such complicated trials. Mr. CARDWELL'S Bill for the Maritime Defence of the Colonies appears to be a very necessary arrange ment, and one that ought to have been undertaken long ago. Indeed the dilatoriness that has so long prevailed seems extraordinary, when we reflect upon the vast interests thereby concerned ; but delays, though dangerous, are very enticing, and when once a subject is put off by legislation there is no say ing when they will take it up. Mr. CARDWELL very truly remarked that no subject had of late years engrossed a greater share of public notice than that of the defence of our Colonies, and more especially that of their power of self-reliance and self -preser vation. Hitherto the question has been mainly considered in respect to defence by land, but there can be no doubt that the maritime form is that of most importance, and is the one to which we should direct our attention, and study to increase in efficiency and extent. The right hon. gentleman explained the great diffi culties which were in the way of " raising a colonial navy." If it were simply a colonial one, foreign nations would not consider in time of war that it had the rights and privileges of an international navy, and yet, if the command were made a divided one, serious obstacles would inevitably arise in re spect to conflicting commands of colonial officers and Queen's officers. It is to be supposed that the consideration of this difficulty was a good excuse for doing nothing at all in the way of action, although a correct estimate of the position was made by the decision that, for ordinary purposes, a local defence was best, and that in a great war the defence of an Imperial navy would be most desirable. Mr. CARD WELL'S proposals appear to meet the requirements of the case, and provide for the exigencies of the colonies as well as can possibly be expected or desired. He suggested that we should extend to the Colonies the same principle that has proved so efficacious in this country—the establish ment of a Naval Reserve. By this means it will be possible for British North America and Australia to train a maritime population in time of peace to the ise of guns, and thus in war they will be available for purposes of defence. Another object of the bill is to enable the Colonies to put their ships in time of war under the control of the Admiralty, for if this is not done, the ships being only under Colonial authority, will not possess the privileges of ships of war. There seems no reason to doubt that this bill will work well, and make that adequate provision for the requirements of our Colonies which has been so long desired, and which on many accounts should not now be longer delayed if we wish to avoid un toward consequences. ?he American Blockade• - - 10- NASSAU, Feb. 3.—Jan. 19, the steamer Syren, for St. John's, New Brunswick ; 20th, G. T. Watson, ditto ; 26th, Mary and Ely, ditto ; 27th, Little , Hattie, ditto. Nassau is a doomed city so far as the contraband trade which has been carried on for the last three years is concerned. In the waters of her admirable harbour at this moment float more than 30 of her fleet of law-defying steam vessels, idle and without employment. There also are here sailing craft which can be counted by the hundred. Her warehouses are filled with goods for which there will soon be no market. The Tallahassee, the rebel war steamer privateer, or pirate as she is called, according to the respective views of the per sons who are speaking of her, came in this port on Thursday, the 26th ult. It is said that her arma ment has been taken out of her, and that she is to be used hereafter as a blockade-runner. There are two reasons which render this doubtful :—First, she is a full-rigged ship, and, consequently, is too conspicuous an object upon the water to be used for that business ; second, the blockade running business is about to be used up. She arrived laden with coal, and sailed January 31 with the same cargo. The attention of the Governor was called to her by the United States Consul. She sails now under the name of the Cha meleon. Feb. 6.—Sailed, the steamer Fox, for Charleston: Feb. 11.—Between the 6th and 11th inst. the steamers Secret, Dream, Florence, Caroline, Chameleon, Virginia, Hansa, and Owl returned to Nassau, after unsuccessful attempts to run the blockade. - Washington, Feb. 18.—Advices from the American Consul at London, under date of January 27, state that an agent, whom be had sent to Kingston, Ireland, to look after the steamer Ajax, a supposed rebel pirate, had returned, but the steamer had sailed before he reached that place. learnt, however, some facts which confirmed the a t il h o e v s e t r e ahme her. .0 thatg He sa waited s o h n e her was w not impression that she was to be used as a war vessel. T on he bo ca a p rd ta a in nd of armed, but she had 100 hammocks ready to be put up, and there was not the least doubt but that she was to be used as a privateer. This was the impres sion of all the persons who were on board or had anything to do with her while at the port. She is very small, and is not regarded as a formidable or a dangerous craft ; but with two or three guns in ports like those in the West Indies, where she can run in and coal frequently, she will be enabled to burn merchant ships. She cannot carry more than 15 days' coal. Her armament has gone or will go in some sailing vessel. It was considered probable that she would go to Nassau before arming. THE MAILS, &C.—SOUTHAMPTON, Thursday.— The Royal Mail Company's steamship La Plata, Captain H. A. Bax, sailed to-day with the West India, Pacific, and Mexican mails, and 109 passengers, including Captain Strike, for Jamaica, and Ensign Brady for Trini dad. She takes out £19,800 in English gold coin, X4BO in French silver coin, English jewelry value £1,178, French jewellery value £11,369, and a full cargo of British and foreign merchandise. MORE " MANIFESTATIONS."—Within the last few Weeks " ph ktttp e hefso n areeno o p i ro ena" of rather an extraordinary character have taken place in the village of Stourton, Higher Bebington. These "manifestations" have deve lhipeiinrvrededeeadmhtahgeasilhudies in the cottage of John Haines, who has after eft ee t rahptelglassnaChristmasge hwt neighbourhood toe;ratenh oembtrfhyoueskrrtne: broken, furniture uo r hru esi O slv o darso unearthly 3 noisesg roughly wereoweg iahersyes. turned loose, his ferrets disappeared, dead rabbits, which had been hung up on his premises, were found scattered about the place, and other unaccountable doings took place. Of course the family were alarmed, especially as the "phe nomena" continued at intervals week after week. The cottage has been narrowly watched, but neither Haines nor any of the villagers have as yet been able to find out the cause of the "manifestations." Some of the elderly females of the village, it is said, believe the house to be haunted, but this belief is not shared in by the male por tion of the villagers, who think that a dexterous human w agen cy has been at work to o p erate u p on the fears of th e wor thy gamekeePe w w a ee s " se ag nt o to watch Hainesah th con sulted e the police, and a constable prem ises, but as the o fficer could make no capture the r. About three women's belief that t he manifestations havebeen caused n ot appear to like the pre to state that the " spirits" did whilst he was watching for the by spiritual agency has become confirmed. It is only right se nce . of the constable, for —Liverpol Mercury . "phenomenal' the usual inysterions noises.were unheard. HISTORY OF JULIUS CESAR. By His Majesty the Emperor Napoleon 111. CASSELL, PETTER, AND GALPIN. (Preliminary Notice.) A supplementary volume or two of a rather ex traordinary character ought certainly to be written some day in continuation of the Earl of Orford's " Royal and Noble Authors." It was only a very few weeks since that we had an ex-Prime Minister of England—an illustrious peer of these realms who might yet any day be installed once more at the head of our Government as First Lord of the Treasury —claiming particular attention in the world of letters by the complete translation from the Greek into English blank verse of the earliest, the grandest, the noblest of all poetic masterpieces. And now, here again, as it were, upon the very morrow of the pub lication of the Earl of Derby's version of The Iliad of Homer, we have issuing simultaneously from the printing presses of France, England, Germany, Italy, Hungary, and we know not what other countries besides, a very notable and substantial contribution to Literature—not a translation, but an original work of conspicuous importance, a highly-elaborated History, the History of one of the greatest of the Human Race, The History of Julius Cmar—penned by no secluded student, by no professional man of letters, by no University Professor, but by the Foremost Monarch in Christendom—by the man at the slightest touch of whose potent finger the Balance of Power may swerve to the right or to the left, to Peace or to War. Never have we had greater reason than upon opening this First Volume of " The History of Julius Caesar," to bear in remembrance that famous saying of Dr. Johnson (vide Boswell), that when a man of rank appears in the character of an author he deserves to have his merit handsomely acknowledged. For, in the instance here before us, it is not simply a man of rank who dallies for a while with the delights of author ship, it is the powerful ruler of a mighty empire who, in the midst of the supreme responsibilities devolving upon him as one directing the destinies of the forty millions of civilised France, has—without apparently relaxing for a single instant the ap- ' plication of his energies to the direction of the affairs of his Government—nevertheless, con trived to grapple vigorously with one of the most problematic portions of antique, history, the culminating epoch, as it may be called, in the annals of Ancient Rome. And it is expressly notice able, here, at the very outset, that the imperial author of this voluminous and ambitious History of Julius Cxsar, of the first, and mightiest, and best of all the Caesars, is no more a mere dilletante of letters, than he is, in our sense of the term, a Constitutional Sovereign, delegating the labours of Government to a set of responsible ministers, and consequently having abundant leisure for the cultivation of his own powers with out detriment to the affairs of the State over which he rules, though rules for the most part merely nominally. Than the author of this book— Louis XIV. himself could not more emphatically re mark, L'Etat c'est moi. The Government of France, means this very Author of the History of Caesar— means, in effect, the Emperor Napoleon 111. Not his Ministers, not his Chambers, but—himself. From his cabinet in the Palace of the Tuileries, from which he grandly dates his brief but suffi cient Preface—from his cabinet in the Palace of the Tuileries, in which Palace, by the way, he himself first drew breath, so that it is truly his home, his very birthplace—from his cabi net in the Tuileries, the reigning Emperor of France, himself, in his own person, directs the ope rations of the vast and complicated machinery of his empire —hither and thither—in all directions, in the provinces, in the colonies, among the prefects of his empire at home, among his ambassadors abroad at the courts of his brother Sovereigns. As directly, as immediately, as actually with his own mind and will as even when in 1859 he conducted the legions of France from victory to victory across the plains of Lombardy in his capacity as Commander-in- Chief upon the field of battle—so directly, so immediately, so actually with his own mind and will, during ordinary times of peace or of quasi peace, does he himself preside over the conduct of the affairs of his Government in all its various departments—over the movements of his fleets and of his armies in all quarters of the globe (as his Speech from the Throne indicated plainly enough, it may be remembered, only the other day)—those fleets and armies of his which are more or less widely scattered according to the exigencies of the moment, along the confines of Europe, Asia, Africa, and the two Americas. Yet it is this Ruler, this veritable Ruler of Men—one who so far resembles the Centurion of the Gospel that he has but to say to his armed men " Do this," and they do it, " Go thither," and they fly whithersoever he lists at his bidding—it is this Emperor who is now reigning over the 40,000,000 of France who has contrived, amidst all the cares of empire, to write upon en during tablets, in characters sufficiently noble to accord with our sense of what is befitting alike the Writer and his Subject, a History of Julius Caesar not unworthy of having been penned by an Emperor Napoleon. Thus far, at least, may be pronounced already as our deliberate opinion in regard to the re markable work here submitted to our consideration. o it s h , e instant, s tcaon course, s s e e , e g l y that a First this The chapters making up this first of the four volumes into which the History is apportioned, afford—(as m Firs ay t be unders understood upon Volume, though Volume, is at the same time One Complete Quarter of the . Whole Work)—these introductory making up the bulk of the first of the four volumes of this History, afford us already far more than a mere taste of the quality of the writer as a historian, they reveal, amply enough to admit of our pronouncing some judgment upon them, the powers of the author as a biographer of the greatest of the Caesars. If the work needed any justification in coming from the hands of a reigning monarch—but that it does, we cannot for the life of us recognise, seeing that Napoleon 111., whatever else he may be, has at the least been no Roi Fainéant while writing this work, has, at the least, been no crowned Pococurante neglecting the sterner duties of his high position, in order that he might the more selfishly enjoy the luxury of letters at the expense of the interests of his people—supposing, we say, that the work under notice, as a literary produc tion from the hand of the Emperor Napoleon required any justification whatever as coming to us from the pen of a great Ruler—that justifica tion the Imperial author has himself incidentally supplied upon the very threshold of the stately fane he has here erected to the glory of Caesar—where he remarks—" My object in writ ing this history is to prove that when Providence raises up such men as Cesar, Charlemagne, or Napoleon, it is to trace out to the nations the path they ought to follow, to mark with the impress of their genius a new era, and to accomplish in a few years the labour of several centuries. Happy the people who understand and obey them ! Woe to those who disregard and oppose them They act like the Jews, they crucify their Messiah !" A dis tinct analogy is, therefore, designed to be indicated , a direct analogy is, here, intended to be dis cernible between the epoch, the history, the life, the rise, the fall, the fate of Caesar, and the epoch, the history, the life, the rise, the fall, the fate of Napoleon. Therein—that is to say, in this very analogy—as projected by the reigning Napo leon in his present literary masterpiece—lies his full and complete justification (if any such were really needed by him) in writing it. Afterwards, later on, we shall have abundant opportunity to enter into that careful analysis of the work to which it is unquestionably entitled—by reason far more of its own intrinsic importance, of its erudition, its eloquence, its comprehensive scope, and its minute detail, than by reason either of the grandeur of its theme or of the splendour of its author's position in the eyes of his contemporaries. At present it may suffice for us to have p ronou nced upon it the preli minary opinion here i n di c ated, an opinion dic tated, let us say at on ce , by the simplest sense of justice towards a great man in a great position writing a great work, rather than by a mere courtly regard for the wisdom latent in that gracious remark of old Samuel Johnson's, already indicated-a-to the effect that literary merit, coming before us so conspicuously, should, by the one o'clock train, accompanied by Admiral as a matter of course, be handsomely acknowledged. La Ronciere-Lenoury, and M. Dubuisson, his aide.. As this already world-famous work has now been issued from the Press of our own country, in its English Version, by the Messrs. Cassell, Petter, and Galpin, it reflects the highest possible honour upon those gentlemen, while, at the same time, it signalises in a remarkable degree the resources of their immense establishment. It is a master production of the typographical art. By the beauty of the letterpress, the mere quality and colour of the material of the paper upon which it is printed—by all the little accessories of read ing and annotating, we might even say, of its mere binding and blazonry, the book comes forth—as it ought to have come forth—im perially. In conclusion, as already intimated, while his Imperial Majesty the author, has (quite superfluously as it still appears to us) justified his labours as a historian by his hint at an analogy be tween Caesar and Napoleon—the popular publish ing firm to whom the issue of the English Version of " The History of Caesar" has been happily en trusted, have justified their selection as the Em peror's Publishers by the really superb manner in which they have given to the world his last and noblest achievement as a Man of Letters. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAM.) AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE AUSTRALASIAN. The following are the heads of the news brought by the Australasian : NEW YORK, FEB. 22 (Noon). Since Sherman's occupation of Columbia, Charleston has been evacuated, and is now occupied by the Federals. The greater part of the city has been burned. The Confederates are fleeing northwards. General Schofield and Admiral Porter cap tured Fort Anderson on Sunday. The fall of Wilmington is shortly expected. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, FEB. 22 (noon). To-day being the anniversary of Washington's birthday the Exchange was closed. Unofficial prices. Gold, 201/. Exchange, 219 k 5-20. United States Bonds, 111. Illinois, 119. Cotton, 83. ARRIVAL OF THE ST. DAVID. GREENCASTLE, March 2. The Montreal Ocean Company's steamship St David, from Portland on the evening of Feb. 18, arrived here this evening. _ NEW YORK, Feb. 18 (Evening). Philadelphia papers announce that the Rich mond papers of Thursday state that Sherman's main columns had reached Kingsville Junction, 25 miles north-east of Columbia. The communi cation south of the Florence Railroads and on the Charleston Railroad is interrupted. A Confederate flag of truce boat was blown up on the James River. All on board were lost. The House of Representatives has passed the Tariff Bill, and rejected the proposition to tax sales of merchandise. Mr. Stevens's proposed tax of 10 per cent. upon gold sales has been defeated. NEW YORK, Feb. 18, 11.30 p.m. General Grant reports to Mr. Stanton this even ing that to-day's Richmond Dispatch says Sherman entered and took possession of Columbia yesterday morning. General Beauregard communicated this intelli gence officially yesterday. From this despatch it appears the Federals shelled Columbia on Thurs day from the south bank of the Congaree. During the night they moved up the river, and on the fol lowing morning forded the Soluda and Broad rivers. During the Federal passage of these rivers Beauregard evacuated Columbia. The Federals soon after took possession. Two days previously, when it was decided not to attempt the defence of Columbia, a large quantity of medicinal stores were destroyed. The Dispatch presumes that the fall of Columbia will necessitate the evacuation of Charleston, which the Dispatch thinks has already commenced. The general impression is that Sherman will now proceed to Charleston, to establish his base, but the Dispatch does not see what need he has of a base. He subsists on the country, and his army has not been exhausted by any battle. Since he left Savannah, Sherman declared his intention to march to Columbia, thence to Augusta, and thence to Charleston. This Beauregard considers was uttered as a boast to hide his designs. The Dispatch thinks that he will next strike at Charleston or at Florence. It was reported yesterday that the Federals had captured Augusta, but the Dispatch discredits the report. The Charleston Mercury announced a temporary suspension on Saturday, with the view to its removal to another point, this being deemed necessary by the progress of military events. Captain Semmes has been made a rear-admiral, with the command of the James River squadron. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW Yon, Feb. 18 (Evening). Money easy. Gold, 2041 ; Exchange on London, 2211 ; do. Paris, 2.271 to 2.20. Stocks steady. New York Centrals, 1121 ; Illinois, 119 ; Erie, 741 ; 5-20 United States Bonds, 1101. Cotton quiet—. Middling Upland, 85c. Flour dull. Wheat heavy. Corn dull. Provisions slightly firmer. Coffee steady. Sugar and molasses quiet. Petroleum dull. Crude, 48c. ; refined, 67c. Feb. 18, 11.30 p.m. Gold, 204. Stocks dull—New York Centrals, 1121 ; Illinois, 119/ ; Erie, 73i. CANADA. QUEBEC, Feb. 17. The House in committee has sanctioned the ap propriation of $330,000 for the expenses of 'the arrangements on the frontier to prevent raids. It has also appropriated $50,000 on account of the money refunded to the United States in the case of the St. Albans raiders. MEXICO. NEW YORK, Feb. 18. The New York journals publish advices from Vera Cruz stating that fighting continued in the interior of Mexico between the Juarists and Impe rialists. It is also asserted that there is an annual deficit in the Mexican Treasury of $20,000,000. MEXICO. PARIS, MARCH 3. A despatch from Admiral Mazeres, published to day, announces that a small detachment of fusiliers, m arines, and Algerian sharpshooters, under the command of the captain of the frigate Gazelle, having been abandoned by 200 Mexican troops, by whom they were escorted, were captured at San Puebla by the Juarists, after a heroic defence. FRANCE. PARIS, MARCH 3. The Emperor has addressed a letter to the Minis ter of the Interior recommending the following measures of public utility at Lyons :—The abolition' of bridge tolls over the Soane, the demolition of the wall surrounding the suburb of • Croise Rousse, the widening of the approaches to the archiepiscopal palace, and the establishment of a square in the suburb of La Guillotiere, and of another near the Grand Seminary of Lyons. A new fraud has recently been practised on the gold half-napoleons. It consists in cutting away half the thickness of the milled edge and recutting the notches. Each piece thus loses from 25 to 50 centigrammes. The public should therefore examine the edge, and if it appears defective, refuse the piece unless it weighs 3 gr. 22 centi. Prince Napoleon arrived on the tat inst. at Havre de-camp. The Duke de Morny is now sufficiently recovered from his late indisposition as to be able to take car- riage exercise. The Patrie has the following :—" The powers which the Government exercises under the law of the 27th of February and the 2d of March, 1858, called of General Safety," expire on the 31st of this month. Article Bof that law, voted by amend ment, runs thus The powers granted to the Go vernment by Arts. 5,6, and 7 of the present law, will cease on the 31st of March, 1865, unless they should be previously renewed.' We think we are right in stating that the Legislative Body will not be called upon in the course of this month to pro long the duration of those exceptional arrange ments, which a regard for the political and social interests of the country suggested to the Govern ment seven years ago." BOURSE, March 2.—The market continues heavy, and prices have declined. Threes, for the Account, are now at 67fr. 90c. Mobilier have been vari able, and are also lower, having been done at 918 fr. 25c. In Railway Shares there is not much doing, but prices are upon the whole tolerably well sus tained. The market closed as follows : 4 per Cents 97 Do. end month 3 per Cents. 67 70 Do. end month 67 85 Credit Mobilier Do. end month Bank Shares 3500 Cr3dit Foncier 1272 50 Roman RAIL' Italian Loan 64 75 Do. e.nd month 64 85 Ditto Threes New Mexican Russian — Austrian Spanish Threes Home Debt — Deferred reys. Cash. Acct. Orleans Northern lOl5 ... 1015 Lyons and Mediterranean 948 75 ... 948 75 Southern 582 50 580 Western 541 25 Eastern Sardinian 306 25 305 Austrian Lombard 547 50 ... 546 25 North of Spain 320 ... 317 50 Saragossa 395 ... 390 50 Ditto to Barcelona ••• TURKEY. (Via Trieste.) CONSTANTINOPLE, FEB. 25. Mr. Laing's project for the conversion of the floating debt has been accepted by the Porte in principle, and the negotiations concerning the de tails are progressing satisfactorily. The prices of the local securities have greatly risen in consequence. A disastrous fire has occurred at Galata. lives were lost. 150 The difficulty between the Porte _and the Persian Government is becoming more serious. The general interruption of telegraphic communi cation continues. THREATENED RUPTURE OF DIPLOMATIC RE LATIONS BETWEEN THE PORTE AND PERSIA. CONSTANTINOPLE, Feb. 22. According to the Levant Herald, the misunder standing between the Porte and the Shah's Govern ment on the subject of the Customs' tariff in force between the two countries not merely continues, but has attained proportions which even seem to threaten a rupture of diplomatic relations. The loss- occasioned to the Turkish Treasury by the con tinued operation of the old treaty is even greater than the former estimate represented, extending far beyond the mere difference in the import and export rates levied on merchandise passing through Turkey to and from the Persian frontier. In the single article of tournbeki—the Persian preparation of tobacco smoked in Narghiles—the loss to the Turkish Customs under the existing tariff is rela tively enormous, not merely from the difference be tween the old rate still levied - on this article, and that chargeable on tobacco under the new treaties with the other Powers, but because of the effect of its, at present, comparatively free importation on the consumption of the highly taxed native leaf. In the other exclusive article of salt, the loss to the Porte is nearly as. great—this, too, being not merely enormously smuggled over the frontier, but openly and largely imported under. the old tariff, to the immense detriment of the Porte's monopolist rights. in the article under the new conventions with the other Governments. When to these heavy evasions of duty is added the loss on the other imports from Persia—which are made in the names of Persian subjects at 3 per cent., exported hence to Europe in those of others foreigners (under the new treaties) at 5 per cent. instead of the 12, pay able under the existing Persian treaty ; the extent of the loss sustained by the Porte may be readily imagined. It is against this that the latter has in vain appealed to the Teheran Government ; and failing, has now formally intimated to the Persian Minister, that from and after the 1-13th prox., the strict rule of the old treaty will be applied, and all Persian subjects in Turkey be prohibited from en gaging in retail trade or industries of any kind. Orders to this effect have been forwarded to all the provincial authorities ; in the capital the prohibition will be enforced by the Minister of Police. The consequence of this measure—which is forced on the Porte in self-defence—will be ruinous to thou sands of Persian subjects throughout the empire, as, to say nothing of the large colony established in Stamboul, there is hardly a town in Asia Minor or the southern provinces in which a large propor tion of the local retail and mercantile trades is not in their hands. P A I N. MADRID, MARCH 2. Marshal Narvaez has laid before the Congress the treaty of peace with Peru, the bases of -which agree with the intelligence via Southampton. The Finance Committee of the Congress have made their report, which approves the bill intro duced by the Minister of Finance. PORTUGAL. LISBON, MARCH 2, 11 P.M. The Marquis of Sada Bandiera has signified his inability to form a new Ministry. At this hour it is supposed that the Duke de Louli will be recalled by the King. MALTA. MALTA, February 25. Her Majesty's surveying steamer Hydra left on the 16th February for Cephalonia and Patros to prosecute her hydrographical researches in Grecian waters. Her Majesty's surveying steam-vessel was undocked on the 24th, and will shortly proceed to follow up her surveys in the vicinity of Maretimo and Sardinian waters. H.M. steam gunboat Cockatrice is to leave here to-morrow for Constantinople, in order to reassume her station with the Weser in the Danube. H.M. despatch steamer Caradoc, placed by the naval Commander-in-Chief at the disposal of his Excel lency Sir Henry L. Bulwer, her Majesty's ambas sador at the Sublime Porte, left Malta, after refitting, on the 18th for Alexandria, to carry his Excellency to Constantinople. Sir Henry has been passing the winter in the neighbourhood of Cairo to recruit his health, which has been very much shaken by the recent illness he suffered when on a visit last autumn to Greece. H.M. steam corvette Pelican returned to Malta from the vicinity of Bengazi on the 24th. She was sent to assist in picking up for repair and re-submerging the section of the Malta cable broken between Bengazi and Alexandria. The Fanny Lambert, previously engaged in this service, returned to Malta to replenish fuel on the the 18th. During the five weeks she was out the weather was more boisterous than any one at Ben gazi and Trepoli had ever recollected for upwards of 30 years ; but she, nevertheless, contrived to pick up and buoy the broken end of the cable, which buoy, however, it is feared, will have been detached and carried away by the heavy stress of weather, which has subsequently prevailed, and the dredging work will probably have to be gone over afresh. Few opportunities in such weather were afforded the staff for touching the cable, but sufficient has been detected by testing . with the accurate instruments employed, to prove that in the neighbourhood of the break, some 30 miles to the southward and eastward of Bengali, the cable is in such a weak and precarious state, for an extent of several miles, that other breaks cannot but be looked for ; and a new and stronger cable, better adapted to the rocks and coral bottom will have to be laid when fine weather sets in. The Fanny Lambert having refilled and filled uP fuel, took a fresh departure from Malta o n the 24th, proceeding, in the first place, to Tripoli to exam lue and repair a small piece of the cable in t h a t Wino; diate vicinity found to be defective, an will afterwards proceed to the locality Of the break. She has on board an increased staff 0' electricians and telegraphists, besides °P e ratives, among whom are Mr. Gibson, the , government inspector, Mr. Temple ; on behalf oi the contractors, Messrs. Bacon, Bruce, Crow': Farmer, Joys, Fryer, Horne, Hoskins, Hough, and telli, Saunders, Smith, Stevens, Watkins, a Wimble. The Royal Oak, Resistance, and Enterprisrd,e, ironclads, attended by the steam gunboat Vil e I put to sea on the morning of the 23d, an d return eu . in the evening after a few days' exercis e of the re °. heavy armaments, all which, we understa nd, highly satisfactory. The Cossack, steam corvetw,o is being fitted out at Malta dockyard Wit h Ord screw raising apparatus. out At a court-martial held at Malta, on the February, on board the Hibernia, under the 1°1e; dency of Captain Coate, of her Majesty's usher Gibraltar, Thomas Steed, assistant engine er of o , s , Majesty's ship Victoria, was tried for drunkeall;,e and having pleaded guilty was condemned to loss of all seniority, and severely re p r imanded', o f The only naval movement during the Wee'tter foreign ships of war, is the arrival from Corfu, e).._„ ;experiencing very heavy weather, of the Austrib steam corvette Graf Dandolo, Captain lian ta '. l r , eight days from Corfu. The Mosquito and Itnlrs7 Prussian gun brigs, bound for Cadiz, continue `n port wind bound. Since the 6th inst. the weather has been . mor e of less - boisterous and rainy, with a succession strong -winds from the N.W. and W., butt una tended with any great oscillations of beir; meter since the gale of the 6th an d d o On the night of the 21st the island was 3:115, visited by a gale from the N.W., with heavy 0 ,11 accompanied by hail and sleet, and which las ted yesterday, when then there was a slight fall of sno w an almost unprecedented occurrence here. the atmosphere was very cold, the thermomete r in ing open air standing as low as 40 deg. Fahr. S eal3 ,h a men declare that they have seldom witnessed siv: continuation of bad weather. Each day br e d some tidings of disasters at sea, and it jec re lit that more will yet be known as news from C LW.,, points of the Mediterranean gradually arriTe,so‘pie number of vessels have bore up with damag e — d ila. ward bound from Baltic sea-ports and Al a CflUrt eirSAN% HER MAJESTY. itf a r b 2 ' WINDSOR CASTLE, ..----„ e ,, hn er , The Queen, accompanied by her Royal P' w- „•po'l Princess Helena, went out walking this 101 ' -1 attended by the Duchess of Roxburghe. atiog Mr. J. A. Vinter had the honour of sub3.4o - her Majesty his portraits of their Ro yal i t er nesses the Prince and Princess of lA r al es ' Winterhalter, lithographed for Messrs. C°lll3 Scott, and Co. The Prince and Princess of Wal es " lo n ei Co The Prince of Wales, attended by Lie ut • - ;0 ' Keppel, visited the South London Working '-" a - Industrial Exhibition yesterday. e, itt• ,The Princess of Wales took a carriage ariv tended by te Hon Mrs. B s ruce. The Prince and . Princes of Wales went ° the evening to a party given by the Earl or Countess of Fife at their residence in G ros place. ,49 Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and r rij itli of Wales honoured the Earl and Countess of rife;l to their presence last night at a small dance, previr of si of - which the noble earl and countess entertained ciw°' his Excellency the French Ambassador the Dlll%° 3e Albans, the Duchess of St. Albans and Lady I)l3 ', 7 . ° sc oiP / clerk, Viscount Falkland, the Marchioness of Eln Adare, Mr. and Lady Charlotte Russell, 11 011 % Ashley, Captain Fox, Miss Moncrieffe, Lumley, &c. nv THEATRE ROYAL, P ADELPHI.—Her rt - d 3 (1 1 ., ness the Duchess of Cambridge, attended by La Y . 1 , - ,; 11 10 6 : Somerset, Col. Home Purves, and Capt. El-a- 5 7 171 0 ' the performance at the Adelphi Theatre last eirem at her presence. parl The Earl de Grey entertained a large - dinner last evening at his house in Carlton-gardeo',o U The Countess of Derby will g ive a S erl iv r est' evening parties after the Easter recess at the 13111i' dente in St. James's-square. The Earl and Countess of Minto have arrived 0 11 Farrance's Hotel from Paris. The Earl and Countess Percy have lef t ' - 1,0 1115$ a visit to the Duke of Northumberland and Lady ,ea 111 ' Percy at Torquay, Devon, for a few days. " The Earl and Countess Russell entersl3ol; Excellency the Prussian Minister and the Cou r d stoff, his Excellency the Hanse Towns Minister, Lady Bloomfield, Lord and Lady William C°l4toaeorra Hon. James Stuart Wortley, Mr. and lion. Yrs' Howard, and a select party at dinner last eveniot TA; family residence in Chesham-place, Belgrave-sqllP;io Countess Russell afterwards received a sraall c friends, including most of the diplomatic corPs• Lord and Lady Stanley of Alderley er": a large dinner party on Wednesday evening, 116 t ' ..° residence in Dover-street, Piccadilly. BANK OF FRANCE. PARIS, A'-' B.- it ffrao ce The following is the return of the Bank:°; h e O f ' .or the week ending to-day, together Wi, responding figures of the previous accos t • DEBTOR. Fe b, ". C . fr" 000 ' 182, 5001 March 2. Capital of the Bank 182,500,000 -- Profits in addition to capital (Art. 8, Law, June 9, 1857 Reserve of the Bank 7,0 109 0 2 2,1°d ' 7,019,191 80 , 760 22,105,750 14 # .e• 4, 0 5° °- 'll 6 • 4,000,000 785, , 773,377,175 -- and its branches Reserve in landed pro perty Note s in circulation Banknotes to order and Alb' '35 5, 4 ' 5,522,556 55 receipts payable at a 61 sight 0 0' 0 Treasury account cur- 87,15' 5 rent creditor Current accounts, Paris 130,244,590 6 2 0,5 7 ' , 0 ,93 9 Do. branch banks - 2,1 0, / e j, Dividends payable 1,911;401 75 , 2 12 Discounts and sundry 5,6,V? 05 interests ,8 1 ,,- 4 . , Rediscounted the last 2::: . 0 six months 2,789,444 05 9, 10 , 0 6 Jv Sundries - ' 8 3 I ,° ------- 265 TotalD 19• c" cD3II Taoritcll 1,264,350,1462. 52 1 , i e. ..3 0 A 6 , Cash in hand and in fr. c. 071,63'7 os 05 Branch banks 6077 ° 60 Commercial bills over due 59 ,11, Commercial bills die- ' ~„ 289, 9 -0% counted, not yet duo 269,112,2 32 i 294, 09 ' 0 Do. branch banks 300,700,342 --- ~/ ,3 1 ~ Advances on deposit of 1 2,0% 4 00 bullion 14,252,831 35 3, 39 ' Do. branch banks 3,209,300 Do. on French Public gOO r 10 4 0 0 OA -400 27,506,•'50 27,154,400 --- 16' 04,3 16,531,300 00 9" o 00,V Securities Do. by branch banks Do. on railway shares 13 973,500 -- 8,171,100 --- and debentures D. branch banks Do. on Credit Foncier 05,700 -- 289, 260 -- Bonds Do. branches Do. to the State (Con vention, June 10, 1857) 60,000,000 -- Government Stock re- 0 ' 60, 0° ' A '-°0 12 00,167°. Jl 12,980,750 14 ,i 696,13 36,656,737 91 0 100,00A0 vl-0 serve Do. disposable Rentes Immobalisees (Law, June 2, 1857) 100,000,000 -- Hotel and furniture of si s 460, 0 g 6 10 ° 617,70 5 31 r,,057,' 7 558 DO .3 337, 13" , d cei 146 52 17 Total ............ 1,264,350, ff lk' (Signed) The Senator Governor of the O> R 0171414 -D. the Bank and landed 8,417,776 --- property branches ... Expenses of manage- ment Sundries 1