The Sun. — London, England, 1866-09-07 00:00:00

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vininv. SLIMMER SEASON.—Doors open at Half-past Seven, performances commence at Eight o'clock precisely. THIS EVENING, a New and Original Drams, in Three Acts, by Wafts Phillips, Esq., entitled THE HUGUENOT CAPTAIN. Principal characters by Mr s . Stirling, Miss Neilson, Miss Augusta Thomson ; fir. Geor,,e Honey and Mr. Vining*. Grand ballet of lioliemians, in which MII Flageo let, Ciodoche, Comete , and N ormande, will appear. New scenery by Mr. F. Lloyds. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL AD ELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. 11. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7 precisely, THE FLOWERS OF THE 10.1)RES t'. Messrs. Paul Redford. Killington' Stuart, ,Shaw his sth nppearan cP), Ashley. Stephenson ; Mrs. A. Mellon (Mis 3 IVo Agar), Miss Furtado, and Mrs. Millington. To conclude with a Buriespe Oper.t, called PI EL EN ; or, T •ken from the G7eek. Messrs. Pau'. Bedford, Shaw, R. Phillips. Ashley, Eburne ; Mrs. A. Mellon, Miss Furtado, Miss Seaman, Miss Gcdsall, Ltc. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. bole Lessee and Manageress. sTrs nwanborough. THIS KvEN“rr. THE D BACHELOR. Mes,rs. Thorne and Price; Misses roducedJ theohnston Lateste and II ...ens. After which. will be p Editi of KENILWORTH. 3le,ra.Thorne, Jame, Fenton, and T urn er ; Mesdame s Ada Swanborough, Raynham, John stone, and dolt To be followed by WAITING FOR THE UNDER GROUND. To c nclude with AIR. AND MRS. WHITE. T" "SUN" NEWSPAPER.- G. R. GLENIE, Sporting Library, 4, Connaught terrace, Edgware-road, is specially appointed AGKN r to deliver the LATE EDITION of "THE SUN" at the earliest possible moment after leaving the press. lie is able to deliver copies in Town, the Suburbs, and in many parts of the Country at a comparatively early hour the same evening, say 40 miles by 9 o'clock. -- • • ' ' Orders by Post punctually attended to. THE "SUN" NEWSPAPER.- G. It. 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LATEST INTELLIGENCE.- Mr. CHAPMAN, of the White Hart, Acton, Middle sex, begs to inform Lis friends and neighbours that the Latest _Edition of "The Sun" can be seen at his house as above. - FOR THE LATEST POLITICAL and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE sec the Late Edition of "The Sun" at Mr. Blake's, Queen's Ihad, Windsor street, Uxbridge. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.--11.naing, 12h. 28m.— Afternoon, 12h. 55m. To-Morrow.-Morning, Ih. 20m.—Afternoon, Ih. 45m. E,1 7 '` THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 7, 1860. LONDON, FRIDAY, SEPT. 7, 1866. It must have been with great satisfaction that the Sheffield Cutlers welcomed their member as a guest at their " Forfeit Feast" last evening. The state of Mr. ROEBUCK'S health has, unfortunately, pre vented him from taking that active part in the political events of the year which is congenial to his taste and his talents. The House of Commons missed his fitting and straightforward addresses, and the public at large had reason to regret his silence. In the midst of the confusion of parties and contradictions of professions by practice it would have been satisfactory to have heard the opinions of one who, whatever his mistakes or indiscretions, never condescends to modify his views to suit the clamour of the moment, or to profess what he does not think for the sake of being on the popular side. Mr. ROEBUCK is an old Reformer, and it was not likely that he would pass over the exciting events of the session in silence. lie re minded his hearers that, since he had met them last, great changes had occurred. The first remarkable event was the life and death of Lord RUSSELL'S Administration ; the second, the Fenian con spiracy; the third, the Continental war. It may be questioned whether Mr. ROEBUCK did not do the Hibernian heroes too much honour by mentioning them in such company, but he did not trouble himself to take further notice of them. Neither did he enter upon the broad area of Con tinental politics, though it is not difficult to guess from his antecedents upon which side his sympa thies would have ranged themselves. Upon home affairs, however, he was less reticent, though Earl RUSSELL for one might regret that he broke silence. Mr. ROEBUCK did not spare the late Government his satirical comments on their collapse. " I have no doubt," he said, " that every gentleman in this room has seen a ship start from her port with all her sails full, with her rigging all complete, with her hull shining with paint, and her streamers flying ; and they have seen, I have no doubt, that same ship seeking a harbour of refuge, with her tackle torn, her sails split, her hull shat tered, her cargo thrown overboard. That is a type of the RUSSELL-GLADSTONE administration." Mr. ROEBUCK'S picture of the late Government's inauguration was, however, rather too favour able, since a good deal of uncertainty was felt at the outset as to their tenure of office. They were not carried into power by any particular merit of their own, o r b y th e i r a d vocacy o f any popu l ar principle. Lord PALMERSTON'S popularity kept the old Cabinet in office until his death, and after that it was natural that there would be some attempt to remodel it so that the same party should retain office. But even without the stumbling-block of Reform it may be doubted whether the R USSELL Ministry would have weathered the Session. Mr. GLADSTONE, the most popular member of the Government, was indispensable to his colleagues, but at the same time it was no secret that he differed from them on many points. The very Reform Bill on which he staked the existence of the Cabinet was clearly not entirely to Lis mind. It was a matter of common remark in political circles that it was only after he had fought on its behalf for some time that he showed any warmth in his advo cacy. 'When he was at last roused from cool indif ference it was always on behalf of the principles of Re form, not on the merits of the particular measure. It is quite as well for Mr. GLADSTONE'S reputation that the Bill should have failed, seeing that he would have been inseparably identified with it, and it was not worthy of his talents or consistent with his principles. Mr. ROEBUCK politely said that ti Earl RUSSELL, on looking back upon the events of the past, saw one remarkable event with which he was connected, but only as the fly upon the wheel. Ile believed that the Reform Bill was carried by it was not carr i e d b y himself. No such. thing ; him, nor by his Administration, it was carried by the people of England." But Lord RUSSELL be lieved that, having done so much in the past, he could do more in the present, and did not fear that he would be able to carry another Reform Bill in his old age. But everything was changed. It w as no defaultin the present House of Commons, said Mr. ROEBUCK, which rendered a new Reform Bill neces fary. " This House of Commons, the produce of the Reform Bill of 1832, has run a race of legisla tion unexampled in the annals of the world." One of its first acts was to wipe out the stain of slavery. Another was to reform and popularise the municipal administration, another to amend the laws ; and one of their latest but not least valuable reforms was to free the commerce of the country. All this, said Mr. ROEBUCK, was done under the Reform Act of 1832 ; and the result of their labours has been that every man in England might say what he thought, and might do what he liked, so long as he did not injure his neighbour, and that he was the freest man that walked upon the face of the globe. But the Member for Sheffield freely admits that a new Reform Bill is required, not because great changes are needed, not because he admits a natural right to the franchise, but because in the distribution of power in England there are certain men who have not now the power of voting, but who have the faculties and the capacity, " Capacity in every sense to en title them to a vote, but they have it not ; and therefore for the purpose .f putting aside discon tent, I would have brought in a Reform Bill that should have satisfied the discontented of the well-intentioned, and well conducted, and educated of the working classes of the country." But in introducing a Reform Bill Mr. ROEBUCK holds that it would have been expedient to distin guish between the well-conditioned and the well conducted men, and the drunkard and improvident, and he evidently feels some irritation that a bill which he did not heartily approve was brought for ward in such a manner that he felt bound to vote for it. It was, he declared, an attempt to cajole the House of Commons, and when that failed the next effort was to bully them. The Government failed in both attempts, and lost their bill and their places. That, he thinks, is the story of the RUSSELL-GLADSTONE Administration. As for the new Government the member for Sheffield is prepared to give them a fair trial, and he believes the result of the change will be to unite the two great parties now dividing the State. Let the party in power, he said, get rid of some remnants of bigotry and intolerance, and the moderate Liberals will join them, and form a strong party representing the real feeling of the people of England, and pro tect their interests. Whether or no this prophecy is fulfilled, it is fully in accordance with Mr. ROE BUCK'S characteristic independence, and all sides will agree in rejoicing that so bold and uncompro mising a politician is once more laying down the law amongst us in his old outspoken style, heeding and fearing neither friend nor foe. Perhaps we are better able to judge of the hard ships inflicted by the Prussians now that compara tive quiet has been restored than we were at the period of strife and confusion which prevailed at first. The conduct of the Prussians towards those who have been thrown into their power has been most offensive. No one possessed of any feeling of justice, and who entertains any sympathy with the ' unfortunate, can refrain from pity and indignation when he peruses the account given of the meeting between King WILLIAM and the deputation from Hanover. In the most earnest and eloquent man ner was the address presented to his MAJESTY, but those who have observed the doings at Berlin must know pretty well by this time that it is impossible to make any impression on the authorities there by the agency of reason, or by the appeals to honour. A doubt was expressed by the deputation that the numerous addresses that had been prepared against annexation had not been sent to the KING, and they had good reason for uttering this opinion, for no mention has ever been made of them, while the newspapers teemed with the replies vouchsafed to those in favour of annexation. The declarations made by these influential persons bear out the truth of the observations we made the other day concerning the exaggeration that prevailed about the general desire for annexation. It is here stated that more than sixty thousand signatures have been put to these addresses against annexation, and that many more could have been obtained had not the civil commissary of the Prussians " adopted the most severe measures against the propagation of these addresses, expressing the unanimous desire of the country in the most modest form." Let those who persist in declaring that it is in conformity with the general desire of the peoples concerned that the Prussian Government is urging forward its schemes of annexation with such rapidity just condescend to study the words of those who speak what they do know about the matter. Of course, it is easy for the minority to get their addresses sent, and to obtain all possible publicity for them, because the Prussian authorities do all in their power to aid and abet them in the work, while the heartfelt desire of the generality is kept in the shade and false reports are circulated. Thus the units are magnified and the thousands depreciated to carry out the wishes of the unscrupulous powers thatbe in Prussia. The peti tioners declared that they preferred to appeal to the heart of his MAJESTY rather than to his political wisdom. We believe that one is about as likely to be impressed as the other, and so the deputa tion found to their cost. We believe that un prejudiced and impartial persons will think that the arguments are unanswerable which were put forward in this appeal. " Your MAJESTY cannot," affirmed they, " take pleasure in dethroning a prince whose dynasty has belonged to the kingdom for a thousand years, and who also wears his crown by the grace of GOD." The inefficacy of this earnest appeal may be traced to the fact that there was nothing to rely on in the character and conduct of him to whom they were addressed. Vain were the claims of justice, the hopes for mercy, the hints at the policy of such and such a course, when once the inexorable decree has been put forth that Prussia requires any given sacrifice. We cordially concur with the truth of the concluding sentence of the Hanoverian address, and do not doubt that the time will comewililn havew iff h e n e r n e t e h e King of PRUSSIA, or his AESTY, bitter liAvi ca th u w se hi t c o h r i e t g h re a t s t b h e e en ina re t- - successor, will and indifference "Dei gn , your e promise of your predecessor,the ira e the and nxo le on MAJESTY, to accomplishb quest of thousands upon thousands of faithful and grateful hearts will deck your MAJESTY with much more imperishable laurels than the subjection of a feeble enemy can supply." The answer of the KING is quite in accordance witnessedeintoolef his pro rant than m or usual. cewit hedn what a l i bt e u u tw t efeorrhhtaauvpnesa already ri H se ea a vd n ey o n v erians were told that it was absolutely necessary for thesai p d r a o n s n si e a xationto take place, and that duty towards com pelled the KING to take this step so adve t rs h e e t K o l h N i o s own wishes. " Moral power" is all that has ever aimed at, but the force of circumstances has made him change his plans. It is shocking to notice the manner in which King WILLI A3l appeals to HEAVEN, and Makes PROVIDENCE answerable for what Prussia has done in the way of encroachments. Surely profanation cannot go further than we find it carried in this sentence. " The results, the great ness of which I had not foreseen, and I may say never equalled in the history of a struggle between two powerful states for their existence, and in so short a time, are due to the visible interference of PROVIDENCE, - without which even the most perfect army could not obtain such results." Can anything be more outrageous than such an assertion, and what respect can we entertain According to fora monarch who thus commits himself. mtloiinsacrh gument murderers and offenders of all kinds against the law may declare th a t P ROVIDENCE is ou their side, and has permitted them to achieve their ends. SUCCeSS is XIQ proof Of merit, and the wrong-doers of earth are often the most favoured by fortune ; but it is a striking instance of what presumption - will do when we meet with this reply of King WIL LIAM. First of all, Prussia goes to war to suit her purposes, then she turns round and declares that she has made such " heavy sacrifices," that territory must be annexed, and sums paid to a very considerable extent in order to indemnify her for her losses—losses, be it borne in mind, which no one called on her to make. The treatment of Saxony is also very discreditable to the Berlin Government, and, if possible, it is still more unpardonabble than their behaviour to Hanover, because it was expressly stipulated that that little kingdom was to preserve its integrity. The Emperor of AUSTRIA, in giving up so much with a good grace, made a proviso in favour of Saxony, and the French EMPEROR took more pains in this matter than in any other part of the treaties. We now see of what avail these efforts and exhorta tions have been. Count BISMARK requires that the King of PRUSSIA shall have the absolute command of the Saxon army both in peace and war, and that the troops shall take their oath of allegiance to that Monarch. Further more Prussia is to employ them as she deems advisable, both in peace or war, and even make them perform garrison duty in any part of his territories. However stern these condi tions, he is to have leave to garrison the fortifications of Saxony with Prussian troops, and destroy or alter them at his will. No wonder that there has been some'demur made to these intolerable demands. It is said that some settlement is arrived at, of what nature does not yet transpire, but in the meantime we may safely affirm that it is a piece of perfect treachery on the part of Prussia, and that the French EMPEROR has been in sulted, and the Austrians are befooled in the affair. The Berlin Government are acting the tyrant to perfection, and may find, as that character generally does, NEMESIS spring up when and where it is least expected, for it is not likely that such a course of misrule can long continue unchecked or unmolested. CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, Thursday Evening. The Moniteur publishes some documents which prescribe the regulations made by the treaty between Austria and Prussia relative to the exchange of prisoners of war. They also relate to the arrange ments for railway communication. The Prussian troops are on the march in various directions on their return home. On the 18th inst. there will not be a single foreign soldier, with the exception of the wounded, in Bohemia or Moravia. The first corps left by Oderberg, the second by Gorlitz, and the fourth from Brunn, by Prague. The guards are expected to arrive at Berlin about the 15th. All these troops pursue their journey by railway. The army of the Maine will remain for some time in its present quarters. The German papers give some explanation rela tive to the delay which took place in the conclusion of the treaty of peace between Prussia and Hesse Darmstadt. The Grand Duke had to choose be tween the loss of Upper Hesse or the dimissal of his Minister, Baron du Dalwigk, who was opposed to the cession of the territories of Biedenkopf and Meisenheim. Another difficulty arose out of a claim made by the Grand Duke to retain as com pensation the territory of Nauhein, which formerly was included in the territory of the Electorate. However, there were mutual concessions and ar rangements, and peace is now concluded. The calculation of the Moniteur was that the an nexation of Venetia would give to Italy an increase of population to the extent of two millions. An Italian paper gives the following as the accurate es timate of the population of the provinces of Venetia. Venice, 294,454 ; Verona, 217,855 ; Padua, 304,732 ; Vicenza, 527,784 ; Trevisa, 308,483 ; Rovigo, 180,646 ; Belluna, 167,229 ; Udina, 484,542 ; Mantua, 154,800. Total, 2,493,475. These provinces comprise 842 communes. In the present kingdom of Italy there are 7,868. The total number will now be 8,710. One of the papers states that the manufacture of guns proceeds with great activity. The needle-gun has been succeeded by a gun upon a new principle which may be fired seven times in a minute. The mode in which this gun is to be employed will neces sitate new instructions in the use of the arm. Some of the troops now undergo the new exercise. One great advantage of this gun is that the bayonet may be used with it even with more facility than with the old gun. The gun is so constructed that it may be fired with great precision. Further accounts have been received of calamities from the storms. Near the canton of Neumatt, in Alsace, a father, two of his sons, and a servant took refuge under a tree. The father, the eldest son, and the woman was struck dead. The younger son was paralyzed for a time, but was afterwards able to go to the village and give the alarm. Num bers hastened to give assistance, but it was of no avail. The occurrence has created much conster nation in the locality. There has been a murder at mid-day in the mar ket at Levroux, in the department of the Indre. A man who kept a chemist's shop had for some time annoyed a married woman with his infamous pro posals. She had children, and, with her husband, lived within a few doors of the assassin. On the previous evening be had renewed his proposals, which had been refused with more than usual indignation. The woman went the next morn ing to draw some water from the fountain in the market 'place, according to custom. The wretch was on the watch for her armed with a gun, and while she stooped down to draw water he fired. The ball entered the back and went through the chest. The poor woman died in a few minutes. The assassin awaits his trial in the prison of Chateauvoux. The weather to-day has been warm and beautiful By exception the sun has been shining all day, and there has not been any rain. The Observatory cal culations, however, speak of unusual derangement in the barometer, with frequent and rapid changes. Winds and storms have prevailed with great vio lence in the Baltic and on the Eastern coasts of the sea. Stormy indications exist likely to bring about more bad weather in the English channel. The arrival of papers and letters this week from Eng land has not been so regular as usual. There have been some shocks of earthquake in the south of France. An artful beggar, well known as Father Antonin, has come to grief. For years past he has been well known in all quarters of Paris as hopelessly deformed and helpless, and money has not been wanting to console him for hi s d e f orm it y. Ch ance , h owever , has led to the discovery that although like the crook backed tyrant Richard, he appeared to have been made up lamely and unfashionably by Nature, it was a journeyman of art who was guilty of his construction. The other day, as usual, he was creep ing on the ground, moaning and groaning, like an unearthly being, craving for money from the charit able. It seems that his habit was to resort to abuse when solicitation was unsuccessful. A gentleman who neglected to comply with his appeal for charity was assailed with oaths and imprecations. Being somewhat annoyed he gave the crooked blasphemer into custody on the charge of begging, which in France as in England is in strictness construed to be contrary to law. When the police officer took the hunchback into custody, he said he had not been begging. Ile was following his trade which was to offer up prayers for those who assisted him. This was true to a certain extent, for he prayed heartily when he got money, and cursed with equal fervour when refused. It was because the gentleman was rather displeased at being cursed so perseveringly that he resorted to the assistance of a policeman. That officer, however, when told by the prayer seller that such was his trade, asked him for his license, such a document being necessary to carry on any trade whatever in France, and on his being unable to produce the authority said he should take him to the Commissary of Police on the charge of exerciAing his calling unlawfully. Whitt) searching the prayer seller, the police discovered that his de formity was a sham. The hunch on his back was pasteboard, and all his other apparent terrible defor mities arose from mechanical contrivances. They discovered that although he could not fairly be classed as an upright man, yet, if bent and crooked, it was he himself who was the architect of his appa rent deformity. However the crooked man has been conveyed straight to prison. VENETIA. (From the_Times Military Correspondent.) VERONA Sept. 1. All friends of Austria must rejoice that she has been driven out of the false position she has held in Italy, and that her yoke is to be removed from those whom she has so long held in bondage --for bondage it must always be called when knowledge has to be kept from an intelligent people. Here, at Verona, no Italian newspaper can enter unless it is smug gled, and the ignorance of the inhabitants is some thing quite startling. Yesterday, on my return from Milan, I placed the Gazette in a conspicuous position in a handbag, and though the order of the Archduke Albrecht opens the way to many: things that would otherwise be impossible, this one cannot be allowed. An infernal machine or a torpedo might possibly be admitted, but a newspaper— " Gott bewahr !" Though not nominally in the line of demarcation during the truce, Peschiera is actually the spot where the possessions still held by Austria end, and those of the Italians begin. Railways have laws of their own on these subjects, and it would be difficult to stop a train on the bare line, and cause the passengers to dismount for an hour, while their status and the possibility of admitting them were being determined; but the G-aribaldini remain at one station's distance from Peschiera, nor do the Austrian officers seek to penetrate into the enemy's lines. But it is unfair to call them enemies, for it is certain that the two nations are intended by nature and geographical position to be friends. This is sufficiently well understood north of the Alps, and Austria is doubtless prepared to make great concessions, if by any means she may win the hearts of the Italians. But she has added to the cup already overflowing the last drop of bitterness, by defeating the Italian forces both by land and sea, and the Southern press is never tired of taunting their own Government, army and navy, with the disasters that have attended their arms both at Custozza, Lissa, and in the Tyrol; for among the mountains General Kuhn not only held his own but struck out right and left at the adversaries at tempting to advance on both sides of him. Though Austria lost the campaign in the North, partly through the fault of her Generals, and partly through defective weapons, it must not be supposed that her military strength was but a fable. She is strong enough yet, and it is no shame to the Italians, with their young army, to have been beaten by her supe rior organisation and training brought to bear under experienced commanders, the arms of precision being about equal on both sides. Unfortunately, Italy expected too much, and was exasperated at having to receive from foreign hands the territories which she had hoped to win for herself on the field of battle. I have heard 'women reproaching their lovers or brothers for their defeat, and still more for their subsequent inaction ; and when this is the case the irritation must be grievous and the difficulties in the way of a real alliance insuperable for the present. Ministers and Generals may shake hands and be friends, but the heart of the people has been too sorely wounded to admit of a close alliance. The very enthusiasm that has carried the Italian nation so far is now against the chance of their be coming friendly with the Power that, having pos sessed them so long, is only cast out after tearing them and leaving them half dead. During a con versation with an Italian officer of the navy a few days ago he said that what Austria ought to be most proud of in the victory at Lissa is that her ships, plates, and guns are all of her own manufacture and the sailors drawn from her own coasts, while the Italians have had to ransack France, England, and America for ships and guns ; and this does not spring merely from a Pro tectionist feeling on the part of the Austrians, but from the fact that they have in their own country everything necessary for the mate riel of war, and especially iron. Our English artille rists have long given up the possibility of making cast-iron rifled guns, but all the Austrian rifled guns above the 8-pounder are of Styrian cast iron, and have stood very well, though manufacturers have failed to construct trustworthy rifled cannon of much more than five inches calibre. In this they have only failed where the Americans and Swedes have failed before them, and must not be too proud to buy of other countries till they can form manufactories of wrought-iron or steel guns of their own, lest otherwise they should meet with a well armed fleet trained to use their weapons and find even Styrian 4fr and 5-inch plates but a poor protec tion against Armstrong 300-pounders. The follow ing extracts from the letter of a distinguished English cavalry officer, who has travelled since the war through Austria and Prussia, with the object of exa mining the troops of all arms, may be interesting to English readers, and may prevent them from too sud denly taking up the idea that Austria's army is inferior to that of the Prussians because it has been beaten by them this once, under the double misfortune of in ferior small arms and some incapable generals. The officer writes : " One could not but bo struck with the idea that however successful the Prussians may have been in appearance they are really inferior to the Austrians as soldiers. The men were dirty and slovenly. . . . The regiments varied in an extraordinary degree. Some were composed of im mense men ; and others of seedy-looking unsoldierlike little fellows. They drilled, however, remarkably well ; very steadily, but with considerable rapidity ; very much faster than our own. Wo did not see many cavalry, but those we came across were miserable. The men riding infam ously bad, saddlery bad, and horses large but underbred- The artillery . . . steel guns, breech-loaders, heavier than Austrian guns, drawn by six horses. They have three cali bres-4, 6, and 12-pounders, the latter very heavy, but al most howitzers. The train was heavier than the Austrian, horses much larger. In fact, everything was heavier. They have a large proportion of train to a corps d'armee. I was very much pleased with the officers I met. They were not so taking in manner or appearance as the Austrians, but they seemed intelligent and business-like. . . . They all spoke most highly of the Austrian cavalry and artillery, and said that they had saved the Austrian army, and they did not appear conversant with the successes of their own cavalry, which have been so glowinly depicted. . . • I came to the conclusion that the zundnadelgewehr is about the worst breechloader extant." Now all this goes to prove what has already ap peared in your columns, that Austria ought not to have been considered as without hope at the end of the campaign, and that Prussia will have some diffi culty to hold her own, if the ancient Empire should re-arm her infantry, put her best men in command of her armies, and rise again to revenge her present humiliation. There is evidently a strong idea pre valent that something of the sort will occur, not next year, but the year after ; and it is confidently be lieved that France will not then bo absent from the field, but on the contrary, will bring about the con test. The officer whose letter is quoted above visited the camp at Chalons, and found the French army speaking confidently of a future war with Prussia, in which they have no doubt of success, for what Frenchman ever doubted the superiority of the national army ? I think I forgot to mention in my letter from Ancona that the Italian sailors are provided with breechloading revolver pistols, on the French even be extended to carbines , pat tern, which can be loaded with much greater faci lity than ours. This i s a point worth attention, and the system might though probably inappli ca ble to muskets, as it would increase the weight too much. The Orleans Railway Company has sent round the following communication :—On Tuesday even ing about eight o'clock the train proceeding to Paris with the mail went off the rails between La Creche and Saint-Maixent (line from Poitiers to Niort). Six persons were killed and eight wounded. The cause of the accident is not yet known. The Augsburg Gazette says :—" The re-establish ment of diplomatic relations between Prussia and Bavaria will very soon take place, and we learn that the Prince de Reuss, who represented Prussia at Munich before the war, will return there in the same capacity. Count Mongelas is expected to be the I\lilliikx of BAYAxia, M Berlin." LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) AMERICA. The Royal Mail steamship Cuba, from Halifax and Boston, arrived at Queenstown at 5 a.m. to day, Sept. 7, with 84 passengers and $16,642 in specie. She landed all the mails except those for Liverpool, and two passengers, and proceeded at 5.30 a.m. All well. (Via Roche's Point.) NEW YORK, Aug. 28 (Evening.) President Johnson, accompanied by Mr. Seward, General Grant, Admiral Farragut, and suite, left Washington this morning en route for Chicago. Great preparations are being made at New York to receive the President, and the Municipality will present him with an address approving his policy. The Philadelphia Municipality refused to take part in President Johnson's reception in that city. General Granger officially states that during his tour thrcugh the Southern States he found no symp toms of organised disloyalty to the Government. AUG. 30. President Johnson and his suite received an en thusiastic popular reception at New York yesterday, and were entertained by the prominent citizens at a banquet at Delmonico's. The President made a speech, expressing his determination to carry out his policy, and restore the Union. Mr. Seward also made a speech, in which he said that the press cried for war with Mexico, Spain, and England. He himself favoured all wars which the nation re quired ; but, referring to the refusal of Congress to admit the Southern representatives, he did not want to go into the field with one leg, and was a little impatient to have the lame leg made right. The New York States' Senate have passed a motion of welcome to the President. Several Re publican Senators have violently attacked President Johnson, accusing him of officially sanctioning the assassinations and massacres in New Orleans, and declaring that his policy would cause another civil war. HUN GARY. PESTII, Sept. 6 (Evening). The wife and daughter of Franzyky, the Hun garian exile who recently obtained permission from the Emperor to visit his sick daughter, are both dead. His daughter died yesterday of typhus fever and his wife to-day of cholera. Puizyky is expected to arrive here to-day. All the persons recently arrested by the police for politizal offences have been released. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, Sept. 6 (Evening). General Frank, the Minister of War, has, at his own request, been relieved of his functions on ac count of the state of his health. He retires perma nently with the grade of Field Marshal. SPAIN. MADRID, Sept. 6. The Queen paid a visit to the Empress of the French at Biarritz to-day. Her Majesty was accompanied by Marshal Nar vaez, the Minister of State. FRANCE. M. Fould, Minister of Finance, has left Tarbes, after closing the Session of the Council-General of the Hautes-Pyrenees, and has gone to Eaux-Bonnes for a fortnight before be returns to Paris. BOURSE, Sept. 6.—Two o'clock.—At the opening of the market scarcely any business was transacted, but after a time the arrival of the telegrams from London announcing the reduction of the Bank rate to 5 per cent. and the rise in Consols of I, coupled with the news from Italy of the reduction of the army and the resolute determination of the Govern ment to adopt a system of rigid economy, had the effect of producing a certain amount of activity, especially in Italian Fives, which have not only maintained the improvement of yesterday, but have still further advanced. French Threes were done at 70f. 15c., or a rise of 22fe. ; Italian Fives at 57f. 80c., or If. 20c. higher ; Mobilier at 672 f. 50c., or an advance of 3f. 75c. ; Paris Gas at 1,605 f., a rise of sf. ; Credit Foncier at 1,368 f. 75c., or 3f. 75c. higher ; Comptoir d'Escompte unchanged at 902 f. 50c. A little more business doing in railways. Three o'clock.—A slight reaction has taken place, the closing prices being as follows :- 41 per Cents 99 25 Bank Shares — Do. end month — Italian Loan 57 30 3 por Cents. 7O 10 Do end month 57 25 Do. end month 7O 05 Mexican Loan 26 Credit Mobilier ... 670 Do. Bonds 152 50 Do. end month ... 675 Spanish Threes Credit Foncier 1365 Home Debt Do. end month 1380 Deferred - RAILWAYS. For Account. Orleans BB6 25 Northern 1175 Lyons and Mediterranean B9O Southern 537 50 • Weston' 568 75 Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard 416 25 North of Spain — Saragossa l4B 75 Ditto to Barcelona — Roman 65 BANK OF FRANCE. (REUTER'S EXPRESS.) The following is the return of the Bank of France for the week ending to-day, together with the cor responding figures of the previous account : DEBTOR. Sept. 6. fr. e. Capital of the Bank 182,500,000 Profits in addition to capital (Art. 8, Law, June 9, 1857) 7,044,776 02 7,044,776 02 Reserve of the Bank Aug 30. fr. c. 182,500,000 and its branches 22,105,750 14 22,105,750 14 Reserve in landed pro perty 4,000,000 4,000,000 Notes in circulation 958,38T.;,975 980,520,725 Banknotes to order and receipts payable at sight 27,332,056 7 29,838,684 71 Treasury account cur rent creditor Current accounts, Paris 291,163,820 75 306,326,761 52 Do. branch banks Dividends payable 1,621,817 75 1,789,904 75 Discounts and sundry interests Rediscounted the last six months Surplus of receipts not distributed Sundries Total 1,696,162,707 51 1,737,053,982 45 CREDITOR. Sept. G. Aug 30. Cash in hand and in fr. c. fr. c. Branch banks Commercial bills over due Commercial bills dis counted, not yet clue 262,955,141 3 299,739,706 Do. branch banks 337,395,288 343,553,990 Advances on deposit of bullion Do. branch b an k s 11,410,600 11,457,400 Do. on French Public Securities 13,263,300 13,218,600 Do. by branch banks , 8,072,300 7,939,000 Do. on railway shares and debentures D. branch banks 23,094,400 22,574,300 Do. on Credit Fonder Bonds Do. branches Do. to the State (Con vention, Juno 10, 1857) 60,000,000 60,000,000 Government Stock re serve 12,980,750 14 12,980,750 14 Do. disposable Rentes Immobalisdes (Law, June 2, 1857) 100,000,000 100,000,000 Hotel and furniture of the Bank and landed property branches Expenses of manage ment 1,100,529 44 1,066,229 09 Sundries Total 1,696,162, 707 51 1,737,053,982 45 Certified by the Deputy-Governor of the Bank of France. (Signed) Aavw-p, Cotton Supply Aisociation. At the usual meeting of the executive committee, held on Tuesday, September, 4, a letter was read from Rio Janeiro acknowledging the receipt of a grant of cottonseed for San Paulo, and stating that though considerable damage has been caused by insects, and the consequent falling off of the boll before opening throughout, there is still an earnest determination to persevere in cotton cultivation, and that at the coming seed time a greater breadth of land will be planted than last year. The writer is endeavouring to secure more care in cleaning and preparing the cotton for market, and to introduce better machines, so as to prevent the injury so much complained of by the use of the saw gin. It is a long fibre cotton which is grown all through the province. A letter was received from Berdiansk reporting the ar rival of seed sent by the association, and stating that the climate is sunny and dry, and appears to be well suited for the cultivation of cotton. The frosts cease in April and return at the end of October. A further grant of seed was made, and it is hoped that the experiments will pro-re suc cessful. A letter was read from the honorary agents of the asso ciation at Bombay, advising the despatch of two parcels of cotton, forwarded by the Commissioner of Chandah— one, Sea Island, grown from seed supplied by the association, and the other New Orleans Dharwar acclimatised. In a communication enclosed from the Dharwar Cotton Com missioner-in-Charge, that officer states the great want that exists in the Indian cotton districts of a suitable animal power for working cotton gins, and which is particularly the case in the important district of Dharwar. Several machines have been introduced which have proved failures, chiefly from their non-adaptability for bullocks and buffa loes, the only animals available, whose movements are much slower than those of horses and ponies. What are wanted are small, compact, cheap, and simple machines for working one or two gins at the rate of two bullocks or buffaloes for one gin, and three animals for two. If such were provided, not readily put out of order, and easily re paired by the rude means available in the Indian Alofussil, a large sale of them might be effected. A copy of a despatch from the Government of India, dated Simla, June 25, was received from the India-office, describing the results of experiments in cotton cultivation in the Central Provinces during the season 1865-6. These efforts to im prove cotton culture, to introduce an improved staple, and to organise the cotton marts in the Wurdah district, have been made under the supervision of an European officer, ap pointed as superintendent of cotton operations there, and who was directed to take up land in different localities of sufficient extent and good quality for the intended experi ments. Acclimatised New Orleans seed, obtained from the Dharwar Cotton Factory, was provided for the purpose. One object was to ascertain whether exotic cotton would best succeed as an early or as a late crop, there being a dif ference of opinion on the subject. Five fields in different parts of the district were selected, each field containing ten acres, seven of which were prepared for the early sowings in June, 1865, after the first fall of rain, and the remaining three acres in each field were reserved for the late sowings in August and September, about the close of the monsoons. In two fields sown in September the seeds in one day did not germinate, and in the other they germinated irregu larly; the plants were withering in October, and in Novem ber the field was given up as a failure. The same result at tended two fields sown in October. Thus, of the late mon soon sowings, only three of the 15 acres sown yielded at all, and their yield was only 37 seers, or 741 b. of seed cotton. The yield of 41 acres of the early sowing was 5,4751 b. seed cotton. The average yield per acre of the early crop was 13311 b., and of the late crop 251 b. per acre. One part of the scheme in qurdah was to induce certain landowners to take an interest in the experiments, and to conduct similar ones on their own farms. Seed was supplied to the four landholders of Wuthora, Wurnaira, Sirpore, and Bairool, the first of whom only tried the late sowings, which failed; but the early sowings were generally successful. In Wur naira and Bairool the New Orleans seed has won the con fidence of the people, and applications for further supplies have been received. The experiments are continued this year under direct Government supervision. Papers were also received from the India-office describing the attempts made in 1864-5 to introduce the cultivation of foreign varieties of cotton into certain districts of the Ma dras presidency. In Ganjam, New Orleans, Peruvian, Ha vanah, Egyptian, Bourbon, and Ooppum seeds were distri buted among the people ; and the collector reports that though the exotic plants seemed to thrive on the hills, the ryots were everywhere discouraged by the excessive care and attention required to bring the plants to maturity. The seasons were not propitious, and the quantity of cotton ob tained from the cotton was very small. In Nellore the Peru vian and New Orleans varieties were tried in 1864, but without success, owing principally to the adverse character of the season. In Madras and Tanjore large quantities of the various descriptions of foreign cotton seed were distri buted, but the result was in every case unsatisfactory, and the collectors are of opinion that it is useless to carry on the experiment any longer, as the soil of this part of the country is evidently unsuitable for the cultivation of exotic cotton. In the Salem district the cultivation of Peruvian, Egyptian, and New Orleans cotton has been attempted with various results, and samples from the Namkul division have been forwarded. The plants grew well and flowered abundantly, but the pods as soon as formed were attacked by insects, and the produce was either destroyed or ren dered worthless by discoloration. The sub-collector of Salem reports that on the whole he looks upon his experi ments as having been a success. Mysterious Death of a Volunteer. Yesterday morning Mr. Richards, deputy-coroner, held an inquiry at tho Green Gate Tavern, City-road, respect ing the death, under very painful circumstances, of Mr. Tomson Bradbury, aged 47 years. Mr. R. A. J. Warman said that he knew deceased inti mately. Ho had been a clerk in the London and Westmin ster Bank for 20 years, and was superannuated about two years ago. Ho and witness weremembers of the 3d Middle sex Volunteer Artillery Corps. Deceased lived at 30, West moreland-place, City-road ; witness lived at the Angel. On Tuesday evening, Aug. 28, at a quarter past 10 o'clock deceased visited witness at the Angel, and loft at 1. Ho was quite sober. He refused to take a glass of ale, saying he did not feel well. Mr. Edward Bradbury, solicitor, 40, Trinity-street, South wark, brother of the deceased, said that tho latter had been under a doctor for ramalissement of the brain. He used to become giddy at times, but would recover his memory before falling to the ground. Deceased used to attend car bine drill regularly, and never had a fit. He thoroughly understood all about artillery practice. Ho was not a drunkard. Police-sergeant George Eades, acting inspector at Old street station, said that at half-past 12 o'clock on the morn_ ing of Wednesday week deceased was brought in by a police-constable, who charged him with being drunk and incapable in Tabernacle-row. Witness took the charge. Deceased smelt very strongly of rum. He said when asked hi s name, " I shan't tell you." He staggered about. Wit ness had put him into a cell made purposely for drunken persons. It was a boarded cell, the floor being on a slant- It did not strike witness at all that it was a fit deceased suffered from. Witness did not see any injury to deceased's head or neck when ho was brought in. Saw no blood or marks of blows. Deceased was visited several times dur ing the night. He took off his coat and waistcoat at seven o'clock in the morning. When told to dress he took off the remainder of his things. He was let out into the charge room, when he began to yawn as if in want of sleep. At 8.15 Dr. Yarrow, the police surgeon, was sent for, and he said that delirium tremens wore fast coming on, and directed him to be removed to the workhouse. He was sent to the warkikouse shortly after nine o'clock. Police-constable Clark, 149 G, said that ho and another constable removed deceased from tho station at about a quarter to 10 o'clock on the Wednesday morning. Witness saw no blood or marks of injury upon him. He was in sensible ; he could not be got to speak. He walked to the workhouse, being led by the hand. Ho walked very slow. Police-constable Swan, 90 G, who assisted Clark in lead ing the deceased to the workhouse, corroborated the evi dence of that officer. Deceased did not fall on the way, and did not complain of his head. Witness did not notice any blood streaming from his head. He appeared as if stupi fied, and smelt of drink—brandy apparently. Deceased did not speak. He did not know where he was going to. Ho was told, but appeared to be insensible. Witness must have seen blood on the clothes if it was as now on the coat and waistcoat. Ho did not notice any on him. Ho was not knoeked down or struck by any one ; no accident hap pened. Witness did not know whether the ward into which the deceased was put was a lunatic ward. Joseph Maddock, gate porter at St. Luke's Workhouse, said that deceased was brought to the house by two police men at half-past 9 o'clock on Wednesday morning week. Witness did not notice any dirt upon his coat. There was some little blood trickling from the right ear. Witness did not notice the mark of a blow behind the ear. Deceased was insensible. Ho was taken to the lunatic ward by order of the master, to whom witness reported the case, stating that it appeared to be doubtful if it was a case for the re ceiving ward, as the deceased was brought from the station as having been drunk and incapable. After hearing some further evidence, the proceedings were adjourned. The Marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat, Minister of Marine, has returned to Paris from La Rochelle, where his Excellency bad gone to preside over the Council-General of the Charente-Inferieure. " We have announced," says the Patric, " that a conference was to take place at the end of the month of August on board the French frigate Re nominee, in the roadstead of Canea, between the deputies of the island and the Ottoman authori ties. We are sssured that the meeting has adopted the basis of a compromiseregarded by the mediating Powers as an arrangement honourable to both parties." The Nuovo Diritto of Turin believes itself able to state that 58 general officers of the Italian army are going to be inuaediatelY placed ou half-pay. C our t . dttur e„ , h e. %tut lir HER MAJESTY. -0- BALMORAL, Wednesday. The Queen, accompanied by Princess Christian, drove out yesterday morning. Princess Louise, attended by Lady Churchill, went out riding. In the afternoon her Majesty, with Princes Louise, and attended by Lady Churchill, drove on the road to Alt-na-Guithasack, returning by Birk Hall. The Duke of Edinburgh, attended by Lieutenant Haig, honoured the Earl and Countess of Fife with his company at a ball given at New Mar Lodge yes terday evening. Major-General the Hon. A. N. Hood has suc ceeded Lord Chas. Fitzroy as Equerry in waiting. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge has arrived at Invermark Lodge, on a visit to the Earl of Dalhousie. On the arrival of the royal duke at Brechin he was greeted with cheers from a large number of people who had congregated to await the arrival of the train. The Earl of Dalhousie left Invermark shooting lodge on Monday morning, and rode across the glen in order to pay a visit to the Queen at Balmoral. Sir George and Lady Grey have left Invermark Lodge for the south, on the conclusion of their visit to the Earl of Dalhousie. Sir Archibald Islay Campbell has been suffering from serious illness during the past few days. The Dean of Carlisle and Mrs. Close have arrived at Brown's Hotel. HASTY REMOVAL.—The Count de Chambord, the Duchess do Berri, and the Duke de Modena aro removing from their palaces at Venice all the moveable objects-- mirrors, panels of marble, and gilt or carved woodwork. Those precautions," says a letter from that city, were quite unnecessary, for those residences are placed under the special protection of the law, and no one would certainly have touched them. There is nothing to prevent the Count de Chambord and his mother from continuing to pass the winter at Venice, particularly as that city will be gayer in the approaching season than it has been for the last 80 years." THE LATE PRINCIPAL GRAVES.—The premature decease of this polished gentleman and ripe scholar, so long the head of the Training College at Battersea, has most unfortunately left five orphan children in need of im mediate assistance. Two of the elder children are, by the kindness of friends, to be entered as candidates for admis sion to the Clergy Orphan School, and in order to provide for the other three it is proposed to raise a fund for their future care and education. The following gentlemen have kindly consented to act as trustees of the fund, viz.: — W. Evill, jun., Esq., Lyncombe Homo, Battersea Rise; P. Cazenove, Esq., Clapham-common ; W. G. Baker, 9, Cedars-road, Clapham ; and H. S. Thornton, Esq., Clapham-common, as treasurer. The afflicting circum stance of five young children, hitherto tended with the greatest care, being suddenly bereft of both parents, lei alone in the world and totally unprovided for, will, We feel assured, be quite sufficient to commend their case to the consideration of that benevolent and charitable portion of the community who aro ever ready to extend their as sistance to worthy and deserving objects. That these poor children are, in all respects, proper recipients for that open handed charity which so distinguishes so many of the good and generous in the land, the names of the above gentlemen, who have undertaken to receive subscriptions on their behalf, will be at once a sufficient guarantee. CHOLERA IN THE HOSPITALS.—Last night Harriet Hubbard, aged 28 years, one of the night nurses in Guy's Hospital, in the Petersham or cholera ward, died of cholera. During the whole of the progress of the disease she had attended to the patients with unremitting zeal, and has now at the termination of the epidemic, and when there are only a few rapidly recoving cases, fallen a victim to her great exertions. It may be mentioned that all the males brought to the hospital attacked by cholera have recovered with the exception of Daniels, while all the women and children have succumbed to the disease. One affecting episode is related with regard to one of the suf ferers. It appears that a German, his wife, and two chil dren were admitted. The wife and children died, and while in a state of delirium the husband and father was beseeching his wife to come to him their bodies were being borno to the door of the ward. He got better and left the hospital cured. It is only due to the hospital authorities and all employed in attendance upon the extra number :of patients the cholera had thrown upon their hands to state that they took the most prompt and active steps to meet the emergency, and that the best medical skill, the largest amount of comfort, and the utmost atten tion was being bestowed upon all requiring it. ATTEMPTED MURDER BY A CONVICT.—On Wed nesday a murderous outrage was committed in Chatham Dockyard by a convict, who attempted to kill an as sistant warder, and inflicted such injuries as were likely to prove fatal. John Fletcher and other convicts were era ployed at the extreme end of the dockyard, close to the dockyard extension works, breaking stones, when Fletcher suddenly attacked Mr. Boyle, assistant warder, with his heavy hammer, inflicting fearful wounds on the right eye , the nose, and the jaw. A civil guard, named L. Irwin, iru" mediately rushed up to the aid of his fellow-officer ; the convict threatened Irwin with his hammer, and the guard, in self-defence, made thrusts at the convict with the bayo net, inflicting various wounds, and eventually knocke d him down with blows from his rifle. Assistance arriving . ' the wounded men wei e removed to the hospital at the Vl' son at St. Mary's, and surgical aid was obtained. It vitl S found that the injuries inflicted on Mr. Boyle, the assistant warder, were of a most dangerous character, and it WO feared that they would prove fatal. The wounds of the convict were also found to be of a serious character, but less apprehension is felt for the result in his case. F l et cher is a desperate fellow, for it appears that he is now un dergoing a sentence for a crime attended by violence ; he has been condemned to seven years' penal servitude for highway robbery, with violence. A good deal of insubor: dination has been manifested of late by criminals confined in St. Mary's Convict Prison, near the dockyard. Quite recently a number of the prisoners were flogged for ill' subordination in regard to the food supplied ; and naW an assisiant warder has narrowly escaped being murdered oa the spot by a dastardly assailant be cause he had to r e p ort the prisoner for laziness, &c. The unfortunate warde r was still alive yesterday afternoon, but remained insert" Bible, never having recovered consciousness, and his cag e is considered by all to be quite hopeless. The guard Irwin , in rushing forward to endeavour to rescue Boyo, fell agaiu st a piece of granite, so grazing both his legs, from his knee ° downward, that to-day he has been obliged to go into /Joe' pital. Messrs. Roger Cunliffe, Sons, and Co., banke r° and money dealers, have notified their removal t ° 6, Princes-street, Mansion-house. Notice has been given by the Anglo-Italian Ba t t that the tenders of shares for extinction Will b opened on Monday, the 10th inst., at the offices ° f the Bank, at half-past 2 p.m. The Foreign and Colonial Produce Markets ali t ' ing the last few days have presented a more an'" mated appearance, and yesterday a fair amoun t ° business was done, consequent upon the further re duction in the rate of discount at the Bank of Eno land. Tea at public sale, however, has sold sloWlh but in coffee and rice large dealings have been re ported at full rates. Sugars have been in mode rate demand, at steady prices, but in tallow the opel l ' a tions have been limited both for consumption an on speculation, without material change in cl ll°- tations. A number of old coins was found some little tide ago at Villeneuve au Roi (Haute Marne), and tee Prefect of that department, in visiting the cortanu t y recognised them as Gallic. The Municipal Council being informed of their value, came to an unaninloo vote that they should be offered to the EmperOrtis, nobody had so much right to the relics as the Dso torian of Caesar and of the Gauls. His MajestY v et , pleased to accept with thanks, in an autogr a p h 1 00 ter addressed to the Prefect, the offer which lul u been made. A desperate attack is reported from Nisnie'' sup prisoner named Vumoer, a Bavarian, surreptitionb-- obtained in the Infirmary a kitchen knife, and g c4 „, ng , to the room of one of the warders named 11.1 % 1. 0 he reproached him with having reported him .prisoner), and made a cut at the man's neck, di v ' e , ing the jugular vein and causing almost instant3lier ous death. The murderer then attacked another prisoner, named Cahn, and stabbed him in the domen. He next attempted to com mit swel 0• wounding himself with the knife in several lOcer. Neither Colin nor his assailant is expected to reoT re l t A deplorable accident occurred two days I:ls',.jje Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine). A wooden house at es , corner of the Place des Lices and the Rue des r a te , St. Michael, which had long been in a ruinous st, and was in course of demolition, suddenly f.°oo with . a loud crash, burying several workmen 01 , t o ruins. The neighbouring inhabitants flocked to . ita spot,. and, being encouraged by the Prefect who rl he arrived, vied with each other in efforts to r esole victims. After much labou t/P r the bodies were ot ee cated, but in the case of five life was extinct ; others were severely injured. i fd The billALg held eflcial ra to t h e pr( 41e nts at zegotiatit Cas es, at T he b consisted l 'ithdra w £ 4 ,000 f c Th e 13 fav °tlrabl b"sbrnen ' been iner the Labili usual ana actiy, cir Bullion Ii t t , t Ii Public De] Ot her So en ta3 Ii Q,„ verurcie ot her sole] Vote s Une The re' lat isfaetc creased 4 be en dim t, . C 1,72 0,0 ba ne be( ac counts Treasury Jeri , alt e d 45 1, an( D° t~h D o. I~ a u~ o, col c,,, i ,_ . 1).