The Sun. — London, England, 1848-03-15 00:00:00

~~ .~ NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF " CONFESSIONS OF A P 'IETTT WOMAN." Just ready, in 3 vols., post Svo., THE RIVAL BEAUTIES. A NOVEL. By Miss PARDOE. Amthor of " The Conrt and Rehm of Louis XIV.," " The City of the Sultau," and " Confessions of a Pretty Woman." Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. Now ready, at all the Libraries, la 3 vols., ADVENTURES OF A 3IEDICAL STUDENT. By the Late R. DOUGLAS, Surgeon, R.N. With a Memoir of the Author. " A most remarkable series of narratives—remarkable for the power—we will not hesitate to add the genius, with whleh the whole of them are treated."—John Bull. " Resembling the' Diary of a Late Physician' in the tragical and often terrific character of the tales."—Morning Post. • We can imagine no more delightful reading than these volumes. Many of the sketches hold you breathless throughout."—Weekiy Chronicle. Henry Colburn, publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. ER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. The Nobility, Subscribers to the Opera, and the public are respectfully announced that a GRAND EXTRA NIGHT will take place on THURSDAY NEXT, the 16th of March, wiles will be per fcwined (for the second time), Verdi's new Opera, entitled ATTILA. Odabell3, Mdlle. Sofia CruCelllCioresto, Sig. Gardoni ; Ezio, Cuzzanl ; Uldino, Sig. Guidl ; and Attila, Sig. Belettl. After which a Divertissement from CORALIA, in which Mdlle. M. Taglioni ss ill appear ; Deutschen Rhein Vaise, by the Ladies of the Cerpe de ballet; the admired Pas de Rosiere. by Mdlle. Marie Taglioni. To be followed by the Second Act of IL I3ARBIERE DI SI VIOL lA. Te eoaitlade with the highly'snecessful New and Original GIIAND BALLET, In Tear Tableaux, by M. Paul Taglioni, entitled rIORITA, of 13 Refine des Elfrides, The Music, composed by Signor Pugni ; the Scenery (entirely new) by Mr. C. Marshall ; the Appointments by Mr. Bradwell ; the Cos tumes 1,7 Mies Bradley and Mr. Whales, under the superintendence of Madame Copere. The principal parts by Mdlle. Caroline, Rosati, bldlles. Ansundon, Julienne, Lamoureux, Thevenot, Jenny, and Mdlle. Marie Taglioni; M.M. Dor, Gouriet, Venafra, Di Mettle. Applications for Boxel, Stalls, and Tickets to be made at the Box oftlee of th 3 Theatre. lIDATRII ROYAL, DRURT-LANIL cuulus N TUATIONAL DE IS EVENING, Avartety efIQUESTRI*N. and GYMNASTIC PERFORMANCES by the entiro Troupe. 're conclude with a GRAND CAVALRY MANCEITVRE, by the following Ladies :—Mademoiselles Methilde, Brilloff, Virgin* Flo rentine, Emmeline, Ducoa, Coralie, Stanley, and Amaglia. Doors open at half-put Seven, performance to commence at Eight. Second price, Half-pact Nine. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. linler the Manscement of Mr. B. Webster. sole Lessee. AIR. AND MRS. CHARLES KEAN. THIS EVENING, Will be performed a new and original Play, entitled THE WIFE'S SECRET. Lord Arden, Mr. Howe ; Sir Walter Amyott, Mr. :Mules .ean ; Jabez Sneed, Mr. Webster; Harrington, Mr. Ulla ; Brouillard, Mr. Rogers ; Lady Eveline ♦myott, Mrs. Charles Lean ; Maud Mrs. Keeley. 'After which, the laughable Farce of UNCLE Jon's. Uncle John, Mr. Farren; Friend Thomas, Mr. Tilbury; Edward, Mr. H. Tan desottoff ; Hawk, Mr. Rogers ; Mrs. Hawk, Mrs. W. Clifford ; Mrs. Comfort, Mrs. Stanley; Eliza. Mrs. L. S. Buckingham. To conclude with the Farce, called DEAIIE'T ELIZABETH. Mr. Lionel Lax, Mr. Keeley ; Mr. Winch, Mr. Rogers ; Betsy, Mrs. Keeley. Sta;;e Manager, Mr. Farren; Acting Manager, Mr. F. Web:tor. J. T. Archer, Box-book keeper. Boxes, ss. ; Pit, 3s. ; Gallery, 2s. ; Upper Gallery, Is. Doors open at Half-past Six, Performance to commence at Seven. • I ItEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIII. Under the direction Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING Will be perfbrmod Tam FLowErts OF THE FOREST. To be followed by a new and original Farce, entitled OUR NA rioxa L DEFENCES ; or, the Cockshot yeomanry. Primcipal characters by Messrs. Lambert, Wright, P. Bedford, Sanders ; Ma same Celeste, Miss Emma Harding, Mrs. Laws, and Miss Weelgar. rs souelude with A NABOB FOR AN HOUR. Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2.5. ; Gallery, Is. Doors open at Half-past Six, Performance to commence at 5 cyan. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestris. Sole Lessee. Mr. Charles Mathews. THIS EVENING Wl.ll be performed a new comic Drama, entitled NOT A BID JUDGE. After which, a New Fairy Extravaganza, entitled THE GOLDEN tIRANCII. Principal characters by Messrs. 11. Hall, Harley, Ker ridge, Madame Vestris, Miss K. Fltzwilliain, and Mrs. Nlacnarnara. To conclude with a new Piece, entitled DON'E ON BOTH SIDES. Dress Boxes, ss. ; Upper Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, ls. N• nalf-price to any part of the house. The :iew Box-office, No. 2, Wellington-street, 15 open to the Public every day, from Ten till Six. The Interior of the House has been entirely re-designed by Mr. W. 13radwell of the Cclosseum. FRENCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. .Lessee, Mr. John Mitchell. 33, Old Bond-street. THIS EVENING Will he performed LECHETIALIEIt D'ESSONNE. Madame d'llerbelay and Le Chevalier d'Essonne, 31,111 e. Matballe. To conclude with LA PECHE AUX BEAU PERES. Dorothee, Madlle. Nathalle. Doors open at half-past Saved, and the Performances to commence at Half past Seven. Ilexes and Stalls may ha obtained at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, 23, Old Bond-street. PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Mr. J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and Manager, Duchess-street, Portland•place. 'MIA EVENING. Will bo performed Shakspere's Tragedy ' of OTIIELLO. Othello, Mr. Macready ; Desdeniona, Mrs. Batler. After wlirch a new Interlude called MAMMON aid GAMMON. To conclude with the Musical Piece of " NO." Sir George Doubt ful, Mr. Dodds.; Conanaodore hurricane, Mr. Neville ; Maria, Miss 17. Stanley. nress Circle, is.: Boxes, 45.; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. STRAND THEATRE. NZW MANAGEMENT. GREAT ATTRACTION.-OPERA COMIQUE. TIM': EVENING• The performances will commence with Donizetti's Opera, THE ♦IJGIITEE OF THE REGIMENT. Tonto, Mr. D. King; Scr ioant litilpizio, Mr. Borrani ; Ortensio, Mr. _R. Romer; Spontino, Mr. H. Horncastle ; Maria, Miss I'oolo. After which a new grand BALLET DIVERTISSEMENT, by of dlle. Louise Blanche, Miss Cushnie, and Mr. W. Srnidt. To be followed by a new Extravaganza, called THE CRUMM LESES ; or, A Rehearsal Rehearsed. Nicholas Nickleby, Mr. Suminers; Mr. Lenville, Mr. °sherry ; Smike, Miss J. Coleman ; 31rs. Cruounles, Mrs. b. Redo. The whole to conclude with the Tares of THE LOST LETTER. Principal characters by 3iessrs. Ozborry, Hornet:title, Mice Jame Coleman, and Mrs. L. Redo. Private Boxes, 11. ls. ; Boxes, 4s. ; Stalls, 3s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gal ory, ls. Half-price at Nine o'clock. ♦sting and Stage Manager, Mr. Oxborry. LOYAL SURREY THEATRE. Lessee, Mn.s F. Dolldire,l4. 1, Daviage-terrace,Keisington-read, Surrey.. THIS EVENING, Will be performed TIIk.3IZIICIIA.NT Or Shylock, r. T. Eva*. ; Portia, Mrs. R. Gordon. After whim &Series of Tabloaai Vivant Of the late RRVOLII TION IN PAWS. To he followed by rEMALIie POACHIRS. Jahn Meadowe, Hr. %V. J. Hammond. To °oilcloth with ICINGE RIM - 11.RD TE THIRD. ; Pit, Is.; Gallery, Gd. ASTLET'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Fourth Week of the New Gorgeous kipectacle. Tlll5 EVENING, The New Gorgeous Spectacle, THE; BATTLE or TYE AMAZONS. with all its splendid appointments, lac. To be followed by, and the evening's entertainments to terminate with ,A. GRAND EQUESTRIAN FETE, in which the Equestrian and Gymnastic Artistes will appear each evening in their peculiar and lacomparable Feats and brilliant Scenes in the Circle. Box-office open from 11 till 5. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. TIIIi TIIIRD EDITIONS _"TIIE SUN" CONTAIN, AS USUAL, THE LATEST PARLIAMENTARY INTELLIGENCE, AND ALL OTHER NEWS UP TO THE HOUR OF POST. Orders receirsel . by all Newsmen, and at the Sun•ofce, 112, Strand. ME WEATHER—SUN OPPICH, MARCH THERMONSITER, Lewest, 34 ; Highest, 45 ; Noon, 46. 13Anoanrrsa, 29.75.—W1ND S.S.W. ; cloudy. 111 , eif WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY. M , ,rninz.. 40 ruiriutea after Evening .. 22 rainrites after 11 , ' • 'k':',t.i. • • it,:,:t* ,;,, , ~,,?,1:4, 6 k:oi l s i a'AT-711rAzz., 11, "." i gi e. - 1 , .* ""....,!-'... p ... •-• i' i ..., • -'ealligillii.A 417,;.- -. -*r• I. - ' ~, -.' ''• 4. '',..'..t.4 , —4 • " - .‘' 44:t 1 , '1... •T• go '.„ ~," 0,.. , jr.,.., aliening ..-4-k2z),lnt LONDON, NNX DNESDAY. - 11ARCII 15, 1848 Lord PALstaxsToN has recently, through a diplo matic communication, addressed to the English Ae!bossador resident at Paris, expressed his solicitude that the members of the Provisional Governmenteeheroidf the French Republic shou ld thorou g hl y comprehend the sympathy entertained towards the victors of the late Revolution by the people and the Administration of Great Britain. The Noble Viscount has even alluded to the hospitalities shown towards the de throned exile of Claremont and his illustrious, but unfortunate family. As one of the most distinguished of the Ministerial advisers of her Britannic MAJESTY, and especially as her Majesty's Principal Secretary for Foreign Affairs, Lord PALMJIASTON has explicitly declared that so far from those hospitalities being intended in any manner as the expression •f feelings inimical to the recent movement of French democracy, they are lavished upon Louis Pifinirri solely in a spirit of magnanimity. They are such hospitalities, in fact, as would well have befitted the character of Albion had they been awarded to the ex-Emperor NAPOLZON, when he came like Trim- MISTOCLMS to seek shelter from "the most just, the most powerf u l, an d the mos t generous o f hi s enemies " With th e exce pti on o f th a t one d amn i ng act of perfidy and revenge—that indelible blot upon our insular escutcheon the proceedings of our ruler, under like circumstances, have invariably evinced the same liberal munificence. They hare invariably expressed by their forbearance the noble-hearted and open-handed policy which is alone certain to ensure to itself the admiration of our fellow countsyruen. The soriiiality of the reception afforded THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY_ EVENFIN6, MARCH 15, 1848. to the unfortunate when once their wildered footsteps have touched the shores of England, has become:the proverb of our kindliness among the nations of Christendom. If we consider for an instant the dif ferent personages who are at this moment sojourners in the metropolis or its ♦icinity, we shall the more readily comprehend the nobility of our national disposition. In one direction is the dwelling of the Conde DE MONTE.. MOLIN,—in another that of Dom Micruni. DE BRA GANZA,—in another that of Prince Louis NAPOLEON. Very recently a villa in the Regent's Park was the tenement of the expatriated Duke of VICTORY. A moment's consideration would enable us to add very considerably to this remarkable catalogue. From all countries the children of woe flock to our coasts as to their last and most secure retreat—as to the im pregnable fortress of their sorrows. The victim of an infamous intrigue—the disarmed despot whose crimes are without palliation—those miserable personages who have encountered ruin either through an unanticipated accident, or through an organized conspiracy—men of all ranks, of all classes, of all races, find a home within the ocean boundaries of Great Britain. This capa bility of affording solace to the evil-doomed is one of the holiest of our national prerogatives. It cannot — it shall not be violated very speedily. And no con tinental state can be more fully enabled to appreciate our humane jealousy upon this particular than the Republican State which is at this moment being organized in Paris ; for of the many eminent men who constitute the Provisional Govern ment at the Hotel de Ville, there is one who has per sonally experienced the advantage of our magnani mity—we mean Citizen ARILAND MARRAST, the editor of the National, recently one of the secretaries to the Republican Administration, and now one of the chief champions of the Revolution in his new capacity as the democratic Mayor of Paris. Citizen MLaa►ST himself once found a haven in England as well as the ex• Ru G of the FRANCA, commonly called the Count DE NEUILLY. There is one distinction, however, which it were well for Englishmen to draw immediately, and which it were still better for them to act upon henceforth and for ever. The distinction is that which exists between generosity and prodigality—between an exalting courtesy and a degrading flattery—lsetween the reception of a criminal, as criminal, or as a hero. For instance, it appeared to us, from the moment when the match was lighted by ODILON PARROT in the Champs Elysies, and when the popu lar explosion burst forth, hurling royalty to the winds, and scattering the Orleans dynasty in all directions, it appeared to us, we say, from that mo ment probable, that the fugitives from the Tuileries would, like so many of their predecessors in distress, very speedily appear upon the horizon of London. In anticipation of this occurrence we suggested the pro priety of receiving those fugitives as became our pro verbial amenity as a people, though we, at the same time, maintained that their welcome should be of a silence so profound as to indicate our abhorrence of the cause in defending which they had met with their destruction. Some individuals were fired with such supreme indignation at the execrable career of Louis PIIILIPtIi since his first retrogressive steps in 1834, as to demand some public mani festation of contempt immediately upon his appearance. Of this cruel system of retaliation WALTER SAVAGE LANDOR was the most impor tant advocate, and while we permitted our columns to be the medium through which his suggestion was first promulgated, we accompanied that suggestion with our most resolute protest—a protest which was morally enforced by the historic claims of Great Britain to the characteristics of humanity, dignity, and magnanimity. We may acknowledge at once that the letter addressed to us by Mr. LANDOR was published by ourselves for two reasons—first, out of a feeling of respect for his eminence in literature, and secondly, because his communication afforded us an opportunity of giving expression to our own sentiments. Since those re marks were written many disgraceful circumstances have transpired in reference to the ex-Royal Family of France, or to those Ministerial sycophants who have shared in their downfal. Louis PIIILLIPPE himself PunArrE, the systematic violator of his royal oath, of that oath which he swore solemnly before GOD and man: to the Charter of 1830—Louis PHILLIPPS, who huckstered the virginity of ISABELLA, who pandered to the despotic views of METTERNICH, who lavished bribes upon his " creatures" in France, and arms upon the marauders of Switzerland--Lours PHILIPPB, this traitor to the cause of liberty, was welcomed at Newhaven, at Croydon, at Claremont—with acclamations ! Sight seers have stood agape before the carriage—have wrestled with each other for the privilege of shaking hands with him, have been fain to kiss the ground upon which he has trodden ; and the stern hospitality which should have been shown to a fallen tyrant has been changed into a senseless and criminal ovation. Of all these disgusting and reprehensible acts, how ever, the worst that has yet come within our know ledge has been the lip-service paid to that monster of Ministerial turpitude, M. GUIZOT, by an ill-witted and perverse committee of the Athenaum. The oc currence to which' we are here alluding is described in the following protest, which is now, we believe, in active course of signature : "It is understood," says the protest, " that six members of the committee of the Athenaum, as suming a power supposed by some to belong only to the whole body, have declared M. GVIZOT an hono rary member of this club, and as many members think that the power, if legitimate, has been most injudiciously exercised in the peculiar position of M. GUIZOT, we whose names are undersigned present this exposition of our views to the committee, as a formal protest against the appearance of M. GuizoT, in the hope that it will obviate the necessity of appealing to a general meeting, which may produce the public rejection of that gentleman, or such an admission as cannot be agreeable to him." Heartily do we coincide in the indignation felt by the vast majority of the members of the Athenaturn at this unjustifiable exaggeration of the rights of a committee. That M. GUIISOT is eminently entitled to a mark of honour of this description by reason of his brilliant genius as a historian, and, generally speaking, as a man of letters, cannot by any sane mind be denied, but that he also richly deserves every token of contumely and abhorrence is equally certain, if we only bear in recollection his atrocious policy as a statesman. " 13 it more advisable to erect a sign-post at the beginning of a man's life, or a gibbet at the end ?" Such was the very significant and most apposite question asked, some time back, at a public meeting by an advocate of education. Brief as it is, that one sentence is worth all the arguments that were ever brought forward on the subject. It is an emphatic exposition of what education really is, and what are the all-important benefits which it alone can bestow. This sentence is particularly recalled to us just now, by the appearance of a pamphlet, bearing a title similarly significant and suggestive—" The Prison and the School." The very name of this little work expresses almost as much as its contents. By placing in close juxta-position two words so widely diffe rent in signification it necessitates a com parison between their apposite tendencies, and compels us to decide between the sign-post and the gibbet. The author of this pamphlet, the Rev. JOHN Durrox, is al rea d y we ll k nown as a p hil an th rop i s t by his writing s on " National Education." He could not possibly have displayed his philanthropy to better purpose than by attempti ng , as h e h as mos t success . fully in this little brochure, " to elucidate the rela tions between crime and education," and to demon strate, as ho has done most clearly and emphatically, " that the attainment of knowledge prevents the com mission of .rime." As an evidence of the truth of this assertion is the fact, that of 25,107 criminals convicted in the year 1846, only 1,936 could read and write well, and only 8.5 had received a superior education. Hence it is very apparent that the school is the best preservative against the prison—the sign-post is the best warning from the gibbet. By a general diffusion of education we are enabled, as is very justly observed in the pamphlet, " to cut off, at the very fountain head, the streams of demoralization by which the torrent of crime is ali mented and supplied." If, however, the preservative properties of the school be neglected, the only alter native is to make the prison itself become a place of teaching ; second only to the conservation of innocence is the reformation of crime. And this is a oonsidera tion which is too much neglected. " Economically viewed," says Mr. DUFTON, "it is our interest to reform the criminal—socially considered, it is our advantage; and if we regard the ques tion in a religious point of view, it is our duty." The two latter propositions require no exemplifica tion—they are self-evident ; he has consequently endeavoured more especially to enforce the truthfulness of the first assertion, namely, the economy of the system which he advocates. We cannot now parti cularise his arguments—one illustration is sufficient. It appears that the cost incurred by Government in courts of justice, police and criminal prosecu tions, and correction, amounted in one year alone to 1,557,7561. More than a million and a half for one year's punishment of crime ! How much less mid hl hove served for its prevention ? Or how much less, according to Mr. DUFTON, would suffice for the reformation of the criminals ! Not that we are so deceived by our wishes as to expect an entire, or even general reformation, but something at least might he done, especially among juvenile offenders. We are aware that among these much has already been effected, in pursuance of recent prison reforms, but we desire more, infinitely more. Speaking on this subject, and on the duty incumbent upon society itself to assist in the regeneration of its fallen members, Mr. DUFTON makes the following very appropriate observations : "Aids in this difficult task of reformation we may have from a well-organized police, and an enlightened administration of justice; but, at best, these salutary influences can only act upon the criminal parents; the care of the neglected, or rather the perverted, children must devolve upon society itself—upon the nation as a collective body. Wait not until they who have never keard of the value of instruction shall intuitively dis cover its worth, and offer themselves as voluntary stu dents, but go out into the highways and hedges, and compel them to come in.' If every opportunity of training them in virtuous habits be neglected—if every chance of instructing them in useful occupations be thrown away, their inevitable ruin is as assuredly pre determined and predestined as if, according to the Mahommedan belief, it had been graven from eternity on the awful Table of Destiny.' They are lost, and society is the loser. Society has lost all that they have wasted by guilt, and all that they would have gained by industry; and we have purchased this double loss at an infinitely higher price than would have ensured us the double gain. The detention of children in gaols is one of the most expensive modes of punishment that could be de vised, as I shall have occasion to show in another part of this letter; the custody of ohildren in industrial training schools might easily be so managed, as to defray the greater part of its own expenses." Of all great public questions, there is, perhaps, not one of more importance than that of education. It pos sesses universal interest; it affects every individual, whether the ignorant or the enlightened. It hardly requires the eloquence of Mr. MAcetTLAT to assure us that national education concerns every member of the community quite as much as the national defences. It is also a question of always immediate interest. Other topics have their times and seasons, they are occasionally and periodically important :—as, for ex ample, taxation agitates us annually, and elections, whenever a new writ is issued. But education is always, and must be always (until it is established in the most perfect manner) a subject of general anxiety and interest. Nevertheless, it is more than ever brought before us now, not only by th , .! little pam phlet to which we have just referred, but also, although indirectly, by the motion of Mr. EWART, in the House of Commons last night. The question with him is not so much to substitute the sign-post for the gibbet as to abolish the use of the gibbet altogether. It is a matter of very grave and awful importance, and very much may be deduced in support of the proposition. And yet we are inclined to consider education as even, if possible, of still greater import. The one, it is true, decides on the life and death of those concerned, but the other decides on more—on their guilt or innocence. Consequently we are disposed to regard Mr. Dur- TON'S aspirations as not inferior even to Mr. EWART'S for, however much we might rejoice in the abolition of the gibbet, we should rejoice infinitely more in the abolition of all necessity for its exercise. Letters froM Rome of the 6th inst. state, that on the receipt of the account of the revolution in Paris the whole population of Rome repaired to the Aca demy of France to proclaim the French Republic. The people afterwardi prceeedcd to the Quirinal to demand from the POPE the long- prcm ised Constitution. Order was not disturbed at Rome, but the agita tion was at its height. The following reply of the Porn to the address had somewhat allayed the effer vescence:— "The . events, I will not say which succeeded each other, but which have hurried ou to a conclusion, justify the demand addressed to me by the senators in the name of the magistrate and the council. Every body knows that I have been incessantly engaged in giving the Government the form claimed by those gentlemen and required by the people. But every body must understand the difficulty encountered by him who unites two supreme dignities. What can be effected in one night in a secular state cannot be accom plished without mature examination in Rome, in con sequence of the necessity to fix a line of separation between the two powers. Nevertheless, I hope that, in a few days, the constitution shall be ready, and that I will be able to proclaim a new form of government, calculated to satisfy the people, and more particularly the Senate and the Council, who know better the state of affairs and the situation of the country. May the Almighty bless my desires and labours! If religion derives any advantage therefrom I will throw myself at the feet of the crucified Jesus, to thank him for the events accomplished by his will. and I will be more satis fied as chief of the Universal Church than as a temporal prince if they turn to the greatest glory of God." A letter from Naples of the 6th says : " The old Ministry still continues in office; Prince Cariati, who had been called upon to compose a new ono, having declined the undertaking. How this will end no one can foresee." should he refuse to grant the required reforms. The steam-boat companies of Maine and the Rhine have placed their boats at the disp.;sal of the insurgents. The Germanic'Diet has passed a solemn resolution that " black, red, and gold are the colours and em blems of the Germanic Confederacy." A letter from Hamburgh, of the 11 th of March, says :—" Our Senate, frightened by the great de monstration intended to have taken place on Monday next, has submitted to the will of the people. Ham burgh is now as free as Great Britain." It was reported at llamburgh that the Bth corps of the army of Prussia had refused to march to the Rhine. On the Bth instant the citizens of Bremen went en masse, and demanded from the Senate the following concessions : 1. Publicity of the discussions in Senate. 2. Free representation of all eitiaens. 3. Free public discussions. 4. Publicity in all courts of justice. 5. Separation of the justice from the administration. 6. Trial by jury in all political, criminal, and press cases ; and demanded the concurrence of thel Senate within six hours, or they would proceed to other mea sures. The Senate granted the whole of the propositions immediately. A letter from Berlin, of the 7th of March, an nounces that the Polish Deputies, to the number cf fifty, purpose giving in their resignations, not wishing to form a part of the German States General, as likely to affect Polish nationality. This resolution is, it is said, based on the treaty of 1815, which guarantees the national institutions to all the Polish provinces. A letter from Gotha of the Bth states that as soon as the Duke arrived there from England, on the evening of the 7th, he caused a proclamation to be issued, granting equal political rights to all his sub jects, a representative assembly, and freedom of the press ; and this step of the Duke made an address needless, which his subjects had prepared to present him with. A deputation proceeded to his palace, to demand a national guard and trial by jury, which was graciously conceded. Count FREDERICK Thum, the Kossuth of Bohe mia, and twenty of the most distinguished members of the Opposition, have proposed the immediate con vocation of the Bohemian Diet. They give two rea sons for taking thin step—First, " To express thei r loyal and true sentiments to the Throne, and to make any sacrifice that may be necessary, compatible with the interests of the State ; and, secondly, "To lend their joyful co-operation to a development of the re presentation of the country." An address to this effect has been forwarded to Vienna. The permanent Military Committee, appointed by the German Diet on the 2d instant, had proposed the adoption of various measures for the security of the confederation, in consequence of the events now pass ing in France. They recommended, amongst others, that the fortresses of Ulm and Rastadt be imme diately armed and provisioned—that the garrison of Ulm be formed of 14,000 Austrian, Bavarian, and Wirtemburg troops, and the garrison of Rastadt of 8,000 Austrians and Bavarians—that the garrison of Mayence be raised to 18,000 infantry and 300 cavalry, to be supplied by Austria and Prussia—:that Prussia, the Grand Duchy of Hesse, NVirtemburg, and Baden, be charged with the protection of the western frontier, and directed to adopt such measures of pre caution as they may deem expedient, and to give immediate notice to the Diet of any symptoms of danger they may observe; that Prussia should lose no time in arming the fortress of Lux emburg, and Bavaria that of Landau, and that those two Governments should furnish the military com mittee with a full account on the condition of the other fortresses situate in their Rhenish provinces, The Diet had concurred in the above resolutions, and voted a million of florins to defray extraordinary ex penses. On the Bth the Diet moreover prohibited the exportation of German horses from all the states of the Confederation. A letter from Leipsic of the 9th relates that deputa tions of six towns having presented petitionsto the King of SAXONY, demanding the liberty of the press and other reforms, the Burgomaster of Werdau made an harangue on the occasion. His MeJEsTr re ferred him to his proclamation, and declared that he would submit to the next Diet such demands as appeared to him just and oppor tune. The Burgomaster SCA.WEDLIIIC, of Meerane, then said, " Sire, permit me—." The KING replied "No ! no ! I cannot discuss with you any insensate demands ; I have only to say to you, Adieu." The Burgomaster said, " Sire, do not allow us to depart without some concession.' The lima replied, "I have nothing more to say to you, adieu!" The King's Ministers have pub lished a notice announcing that they had given in their resignation, but that the KING refused to accept it, resolving to convoke an extraordinary Diet for the 20th, in order that it might be known whether the whole country wished to have the Ministers dis missed. A law on the liberty of the press was to be presented to that assembly, Madrid journals of the Bth have arrived. Their contents are unimportant. MADRID BoLs.t, AIARcn B.—The Three per Cents. were done at 23i for cash ; the Five per Cents. at 14 for paper; the Debt, without interest, at 6i; and the Coupons at 10. THE FRENCH REPUI3LIC. PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. The panic in the money-market still continues, and, according to the Constitutionnel, five of the first banking-houses in Paris have determined to wind up their affairs. Among them, it is said, are the firms of HOTTINGVER and Co., DILESSIIRT and Co., and the house of MALLET. M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN has, in the columns of the Pregse, suggested the following plan for lessening the pressure of the financial crisis : " The perpetual debt is a precious force which, when prudently employed and ably turned to account, ins)* resolve, if not all the difficulties of the situation, at least the most urgent and perhaps the most important ones. No fear ought to be felt at having re course to such means, not only for the voluntary conversion into rents of the bone du tresor that are issued, and the caution-money deposited, but also for the redemption by the State of railways and canals, the working of which it ought never to have alienated, and of the great enterprises to obtain coals and to fabricate salt. The perpetual debt is the besom which may sweep the money-market clean—the fund to pay off the liabilities, to save and even to augment the social assets. Of all means of credit a perpetual debt is assuredly the most simple, and it is because it is so , that it is the most powerful. Let, then, the sinking fund, which, under the various titles of dotation, re serve, &c., takes from the rate-payers 125 millions a year, be at once suppressed. Let the Three per Cents. be given at 40f. to all holders of Buns de Tresor and to all persons having deposited caution money; let a similar conversion be effected for all the shares of railways and canals demanding to be dissolved ; let the same means be employed to reconstitute for the profit of the State precious monopolies, such as those of salt and sugar, at a cheap rate; let this bo done, and the French Republic, we hesitate not to say, will soon have rendered to public credit a greater power than that the loss of which is at this moment so keenly felt. The State thus seizing in an equitable manner on important monopolies ; not by violence, but by credit, completing rapidly all the useful works now in course of execution. The State, by this pacific attitude, will re-animate con fidence, acquire new strength, give itself the means of reducing its military forces, without itereasing the charge of pensions inscribed on the books of the Trea sury, and without plunging into misery a multitude of brave officers and non-commissioned officers ; the State, in fine, will multiply the consumers, and occupy usefully the working classes, putting a stop to the sad spectacle of men turning up the earth in the Champ-de-Mars, for the sole purpose of turning it up—a sort of tread-mill in the open air! Does work fail in France? Are all our railways, from Paris te the frontier, from the Atlantie to the Mediterranean, finished ? Have all our canals reduced to the lowest limit of priceithe transport of encumbering matters, of all the objects of which the consumption would increase in immense proportions if they could be placed within the reach of the poor man? Assuredly not." At Marseilles the demand for money is so great, that 50f. are given as a premium for changing a bank-note of I,ooof. into sf. pieces. M. TESTE has been set at liberty, on condition that he shall again surrender himself into the hands of justice when called upon to do so. The reason assigned for his liberation is, that he was not safe in the Conciergerie. The Ministers of Baden and of :Hesse have signified to the Provisional Government the desire of their respective Sovereigns to maintain amicable relations with the French Republic. On Saturday evening an entertainment was given at the Jardin d'lliver, for the bentofit of the •workmen out of employ. The sentinel of he Nation Guard who was stationed at the door was the eldest son of the late Prince POLIGNAC, the last Minister of CIIARLES X. The ilfoniteur publishes the instructions respect ing the election of the Members of the National Assembly for the colony of Algeria. All are to be electors who are born Frenchmen or are naturalized Frenchmen. 4The Minister of Justice and Public Worship has addressed a circular to the archbishops and bishops directing them to advise the clergy in their dioceses to take part in the elections, and to im press on their congregations the great truths of re publicanism. The commission for the arrangement of the libera tion of all the slaves in the French colonies, have issued a notice stating that "that great act of repara tion cannot be accomplished before the completion of the next harvest." The election of the officers of the National Guard of Paris is fixed for the 18th instant. The old officers, who were all elected under the Monarchy, will be everywhere opposed by Republican candi dates. The following decree on this subject appears in the Ahniteur : "FRENCH REPUBLIC. "LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY. "Citizens,—The elections of the National Guard are fixed for the ath inst. All citizens from 20 to 58 years are part of the National Guard; all the National Guards are electors, and ought to take part in the elections. Since the day was fixed a great number of citizens have inscribed themselves. Tho greater number of the legions have doubled or trebled the numbers of which they con sisted previous to the 24th of February. But it is necessary that all citizens should understand that their right to elect is also a duty on their part. Let all, then, hasten to inscribe themselves. The wish of the Provi sional Government is that all possible facility should be given, in order that the whole of the people should take part in this Republican manifestation. As the lists must be closed on the 13th at midnight, every citizen not inscribed has the right to claim his inscription at the Mairie during the 14th, 15th, and 16th. On the 16th the supplementary list will be closed definitively. " The bureaux of each Mairie will be open from seven o'clock till midnight." (Signed by the Members of the Provisional Government.) " THIS MAYOR OF PARIS TO THE MAYORS ADJOINT OF IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, March 14. PASSENGERS' BILL. Earl GREY moved the second reading of tl.e Passen gers' Bill, and explained the leading provisions of the measure, which have been already debated in the other House. Lord STANLEY expressed approval of the Bill being advanced the proposed stage, concurring as he did in its general character, but he reserved to himself the right of opposing some of the clauses of minor importance when the Bill went into Committee. Lord MONTEAGLE highly approved of the Bill. He would be the last to support any such measure if he thought it would operate as a diicouragement to emigra tion, but in his opinion it would have a quite contrary effect. He rejoiced also that the Bill was only to be passed for a limited period, because the provisions abso lutely required in the existing state of things might not be required under ordinary circumstances. Nothing, he conceived, could be more necessary and useful than for Government to find out the places from whence emi grants were to proceed, and carry them safely to their ports of destination; but, on the other hand, they ought to take care that such emigration should not become over-burdensome to the colonists. lie was sure the Bill would operate for the protection of emigrants, and he believed that the charge on emigration imposed by it was much inferior to that imposed by the United States. Earl GREY remarked that the charge on emigration would be exceedingly moderate, and would be imposed with a duo regard to the interests of the colonists. The Bill was then read a second time, and the House adjourned. ROUSE OF COMMONS, Match 14. PUNISHMENT OF DEATH. Mr. EWART (in continuation from our Third Edition) proceeded to say-In Russia it had been vir tually abolished almost for a century. In Delhi, Tuscany, the Grand Duchy of Baden, and several other places, the abolition of capital punishment had been successfully carried out; and in France the Provisional Government had abolished capital punishment in all cases of poli tical offences; and he had no doubt that the Legislature of that country, when it met, would put an end to it in all cases. Why, therefore, he would ask, was it con tinued in moral England?-(Hear, hear.) He believed that putting an end to capital punishment would tend to moralise the lower orders of the people of England, and would be productive of the best results. No man who had ever witnessed the scene that took place at an execution in this country could be led to believe that such exhibitions deterred offenders from the com mission of the most awful crimes. Looking at the subject in a theological point of view, lie would ask his Honourable Friend the Member for Oxford if it was necessary to take life for life, whether the same holy Word did not enforce the exercise of the prerogative of mercy. Could any one doubt that the issues of life and death should be left to that almighty and all-wise Power that gave it?-(Hear, hear.) Under these impressions, and being convinced that the abolition of capital punishment would be attended with the best effects upon society, he trusted the House would give him leave to bring in his Bill. Sir G. GREY said he he felt it to be his duty to take the same course which he took last year on a similar mo tion of the Hon. and Learned Gentleman, and oppose the introduction of the Bill. If the lion. and Learned Gentleman had proposed a Bill to improve the law in a number of offences to which the punishment of death still remained, he (Sir George Grey) could have con sented to its introduction, but the Bill now proposed by the Hon. and Learned Gentleman invited the House to sanction the principle of the total abolition of the punishment of death for all of ences whatever ; and he (Sir G. Grey) felt that no advantage would be gained by allowing the Bill to be introduced, because it was as competent for the House to pass an opinion on its merits at once as on the second reading. He felt bound to object to the principle advocated by the Hon. and Learned Gentleman, because lie believed that the punish ment of death for crimes of the gravest kind-and he meant by those crimes of wilful and deliberate and pre meditated murder-was indispensably required for the protection of society, and the preservation of human life.-(Hear, hear.) The Hon. and Learned Gentle man had spoken of the sacredness of human life, and said it was out of consideration for that that he en treated the House to abolish capital punishment ; but could the Hon. and Learned Gentleman guarantee at the same time the sacredness of human life by the abolition of the crime of murder itself-(Hear, hear)- or that it would not become much snore frequent of perpetration-(Hear, hear)-and that the sacredness of human life would not be violated to a far greater degree than it was now? There was a great sympathy in the present day for criminals who were condemned to capi tal punishment-not that he complained of it, for it was one of the gratifying features of the age that the atten tion of the public had been directed to the subject of punishment in criminal cases, which was one of those that required the gravest consideration of statesmen and legislators. But it might be carried to a morbid extent. It might be a sympathy for criminals utterly inconsistent with a due regard to the preservation of the lives of those who were pursuing their daily occupations peaceably, honestly, and industriously (Hear, hear)-and who required protection from the hands of robbers and assassins. He believed that during the last ten years not a single person had been executed except for murder or offences which, as far as the persons committing them were concerned, were equiva lent to murder; and therefore the argument of the Hon. and Learned Gentleman fell entirely to the ground when he spoke of the indisposition of juries and prosecutors to convict or prosecute, and of witnesses to give evidence, in consequence of the punishment of death bellsg the penalty attached to conviction. It was also well known that many persons were put on their trials for certain offences for which the punishment of death was applicable, but that it was the ordinary practice that that punish. ment should only be recorded against them, and not carried into effect. He did not say that an improvement of the law, so as to make the practice more consistent with the law, might not be a subject well worthy of the consideration of the House ; and indeed that question had engaged his attention, and ho had a Bill prepared upon it, but he had doubted whether it was wise to bring it before the public at the present time. In former times there were many cases in which justice was defeated by the unwillingness of juries to convict, the moral feelings of the country being shocked by the punishment of death being inflicted for offences of com paratively a trivial character; but by the alteration in the criminal law introduced by the father of his Hon. and Learned Friend behind him (Mr. Hominy) whom he rejoiced to see occupying a place in that House (Hear)-that law had been remedied, and his (Sir G. Grey's) experience led him to the conclusion that in cases of wilful and deliberate murder juries did not hesitate to convict, and that acquittals did not take place contrary to the evidence. It was true that there had been cases in which juries had acquitted on very slight evidence of insanity; but he was glad to say that he had seen opin ions recently given by some most eminent medical gen tlemen that the day was gone by for that defence, and that they were unwilling to give evidence that would lead juries to acquit on the ground of insanity. That, too, it must be observed, was not confined to capital cases, but had occurred in others as well. The Hon. and Learned Gentleman had said that witnessing the exe cution of capital punishment had nut the deterring effect upon the spectators which was urged in its favour ; but the persons who went to gratify a taste which he (Sir George Grey) would not designate of witnessing the dying struggles of a malefactor, were not likely to be deterred by such a scene from the com mission of crime, and were in all probability most fa miliar with crime. But surely the knowledge that the punishment of death would follow with tolerable cer tainty in the case of conviction for certain offences insist have some effect, quite irrespective of anything that could be produced by witnessing an execution on the great mass of the people, who knew that they were rendering themselves liable to by the commission of crime. Now. with respect to the statistics referred to by the Hon. and Learned Gentleman, he found that in England and Wales the total number of persons committed for trial in the following years was,-in 1840, .27,187; in 1841, 27,760; in 1842, 31,309; in 1843. 29,591; in 1844, 26,542; in 1845, 24,303; in 1846; 25,107. The number of commitments for murder in the five years ending 1831 was L 317; in the years ending 1836, 355; in the five years ending 1841, 284; in the five years ending 1846, 360; or, for the 10 years ending 18:36, 672 ; for the ten years ending 1846, 644. In cases of attempts to murder, capital punishment having been abolished in 1831 in all cases except where bodily in juries dangerous to life were inflicted, the number for the live years ending 1831 was 453; for the five years ending 1836, 661; for the five years ending 1841, 937; for the five years ending 1846, 1,099. Of rapes, as to which capital punishment was abolished in 1841, the number in the five years ending 1831 was 252; in the five years ending 1836, 278; in the five years ending 1841, 319; in the five years ending 1846, 597. Of arson, as to which capital punishment was abolished in 1837, except of dwelling-houses or ships when life was endangered, the number in the five years ending 1831 was 212; in the I five years ending 181'6, 336; in the five years ending 1841, 183; in the five years ending 1846, 581. Of forgery, the capital punishment in all cases remaining capital having been abolished in 1837, the number for th e five years ending 1831 was 312; for the five years ending 1838, 350 ; for the five years ending 1841, 564; for the fire years ending 1846, 731. And of burglary, the capital punishment having been abolished in 1837, except in cases where persons in the dwelling were wounded or assaulted, in the five years ending 1831 the number was, 1,299; in the five years ending 1836, 1,060; in the five yea's ending 1841, 2,154; and in the five years ending 1846 it was 2,701. He did not quote these figures with any other view than to caution the House against the supposition that if they abolished capital punishment in all cases of murder there would lie no increase of the crime. The Hon. Gentleman had a le verted to the report of the Committee of the House of Lords last session, moved for by Lord Brougham, and stated that that report and tho evidence contained strong arguments in favour of the abolition of capital punish ment; but it happened that he (Sir G. Grey) had prepared himself to cite the opinion of that Committee, but as an authority in the precisely opposite direc tion. The Honourable Gentleman had selected cer tain passages which helped his argument, but had not referred to the opinion of the Committee itself, which he (Sir G. Grey) would presently quote. With respect to public executions, no doubt many-evils might arise from them, but that point did not affect the question of abolishing capital punishment. Then the Hon. Gentleman had drawn the attention of the House to various modes of putting the sentence of the law into execution, but he did not think that the English people would adopt the French model, and, upon the ; whole perhaps there was no mode less repugnant to their feelings than that which was now in force. The Hon. I Gentleman had quoted the qualified opinions of two or three of the judges, but had omitted to state that the great majority of the English judges , the whole or the 1 ik*b, sud eight or tom 01 the r lrish Judges, had in; pressed the unqualified opinion that it was not consistent with the present state of society that the punish meat of death should be wholly abolished. And here he would quote the un an i mou s opinion of the Committee of the House of Lords to which reference bad already been made. It wa - 3 as fol lows : " Respecting the expediency of abolish ing capital punishments, they found scar' any difference of opinion. Almost all witnesses and all authorities agree in opinion that, for offences et th e gravest kind, the punishmentiof death ought to be tained."—(hear, hear.) That was the opinion of Committee of the House of Lords, which the lionouraiW Member had cited in favour of his views. Upon the theological part of the question he would not now cuter , further than to remark that he felt convinced there was nothing iu the Scriptures to fetter the judgment in this matter and to cripple the means of maintaining -th s security of society. The lion. Member had referred to the punishments which were in vogue in Russia and other countries, but the English people would net b : likely to tolerate the introduction into their crirain, code of those terrific punishments, the infliction of whie the criminal seldom, if ever, survived.—(Hear, lie was aware that one of the first acts of the Pro"' i sional Government of 'France had been to abolish eaPi , °' punishments with respect to political offences, but P i !. Hon. Gentleman had said they had done s o in regeral. all offences whatsoever.. If so. it was new to him (s '1 George Grey); but, on the contrary, he had observed that the punishment of death had been put in force. sgl justly too, upon a person who had been f o und guilty . ?, stealing a silver spoon. Upon the grou n d s h e had OM" he trusted the House would not consent to the introdue* tion of the Bill. Sir C. BURRELL, who was nearly inaudible, Ws s understood to express his hope that the day would mot come that English jurisprudence would be so altered se, not to afford security to life and prop er ty. lie shoul d cordially support his Right Hon. Friend in his oppoli . tion to the introduction of the Bill. Mr. B. OSBORNE said, that the speech of the Hon' Member who had just sat down reminded him of the anecdote of the man who was thrown ashore in a strange country, and seeing a gallows there exclaimed, Thank God, I'm in a civilised land." He was not prepared NO to agree with all the views of the Hon. Member for Dumfries; but that Hon. Member was, nevertheless, es' titled to the greatest praise and honour for the course h • had taken in regard to this subject, 'and there was s° reason why his Bill should not be introduced, in the hope that out of it some measure might be framed whirs would render our criminal law more humane. gr Osborne then stated his objections to public executions , and referred to the disgraceful and disgusting see" which had taken place recently at an execution in Ire' land, when, guilty as the criminals were, the syrupsthf of the spectators was with them. The mob which col: leoted at these executions consisted for the most part or women, children, and thieves, and it was well know* that the best harvest for pickpockets was under the gs l ' lows. If these executions were necessary, he could net understand why they did not take place within the pre' cincts of the gaol, and he suggested that the Govermeo should take the subject into consideration. Mr. LENNARD said that the result of the abolition of capital punishments had, so far as it had gone, bees satistuctory, but the House was now called upon to legislate upon different principles, and it was question' able whether the same arguments that applied to offences against property would apply to those against life. 'Piee was too much reason to believe that innocent N eater had suffered from incorrect, but honest verdicts, end, It that occurred, be it ever so seldom, it was an argumeSt in favour of a substitute for the punishment of death, 4 01 efficient one could be found. His lion. Friend had ese argument which ought to carry with it great weight, ill favour of his motion. In the case of a man unjuslif convicted of murder, and afterwards executed, the/ placed it out of their power to remedy the wrong on his Ur nocence being eventually proved; but if capital punish' ment were done away with, they would retain in their hands the opportunity of reversing the mistaken sentence and of restoring him to his position in life. lie referred te the dreadful assassinations which disgraced Ireland, 0 furnishing them with the most palpable evidence of the inutility of capital punishment as deterring from the commission of crime, and he thought that if by their legislation they evidenced that reverence for hum** life that they would not execute the most hardened of offenders, they would be taking the most direct means to educate the people up to the same standard of mo rality. It was well known that among juries called upon to decide in murder cases there existed a nervous die position to avoid the verdict of " guilty," by finding di* prisoner " insane," and when this feeling was prevalent among the class from which juries were taken, the Legislature was called upon to interfere. He considered that, at any rate, the experiment ought to be tried for It time; it could not do much evil, and it might be pro ductive of much good by satisfying the whole eomnstt• nity as to what would be the effect of a permanent departure from the existing code. He had great plea sure in seconding the motion of his lion. Friend. Mr. Alderman SIDNEY regretted that the Right Honourable Baronet had met this motion with so direct a negative. The time, it was quite evident, had arrived when this question must be fairly tested. The consi deration, after-all, was one of expediency, and while all the argument showed that the crime of murder would not increase by abolishing the punishment by deaths he, himself, had every reason to be convinced that the effect of the spectacle of a public execution was to trengthen the criminal tendency to a very great extent. —(Cheers.) They saw, when the sentence of death was passed in a court, the Judge and jury in tears, and in the crowd at Nanette,* when the law was being carried into effect, they witnessed all sorts of demoral izing and licentious riot. The criminal, himself, when he appeared on the drop, Was cheered like a candidate at a county election. If Parliament, then, was satisfied that nothing less than the life of the offender could expiate the crime of murder, at least let the endeavour be made to administer the*. law with more regard to public morality, and in a way more in unison with the spirit of Christianity. lie did not see what objection could be ma le to a trial for a *season, of the principle advocated by his lion. Friend, and the Right Hoe. Baronet might. rest assured that, even though he per sisted in his opposition this year, the time would coats , when lie would see the, necessity of taking a different course. Mr. ROMILLY thought that the evident object with all parties was to protect human life, and they had, therefore, only to consider in what manner and by what system. that protection• could best be secured. He would impress upon the House the expediency of putting an end to capital punishments for every.crime whatso ever, except the one crime of wilful and deliberate murder. This crime of wilful and deliberate murder stood on speci a l grounds. It was the crime most difficult to prevent. If they proclaimed it to the world that such was their solemn regard for the lives of their fellow creatures they would' take life only on the absolute com mission of murder, they would establish thesame general standard among the .people, 'and, for these reasons he was not prepared to go the whole length with the Honourable Membei for Dumfries. He would suggest, . however, to that Hon. Gentleman that, if he withdrew his present motion, and waited until the Bill of the Right Hon. I3s.rdnet was introduced, be might find an opportunity, by bringing forward some amendment, partly to accomplish his views. One or two observations upon a subject not strictly before the House, namely, the very .disgraceful scenes which occurred at the public exhibition of the punishment of death. He could not but think it would be wise no execution took place in public.—(hear, hear.) He was convinced that the knowledge of the fact that - the offence of murder would be farmed by the punishment of death would have a• muoh miter effect in deterring from the commission of the crime than anything else. He believed that public executions produced . very in jurious and very demoralising effects. If, as soon as sentence was pronounced,. the convict were take* back to prison, and it was known that that was the last moment he would appear to the world, it would have more striking effect than a public execution. He was s little apprehensive that, as the feelings of many who advocated the abolition of capital punishment for the crime of murder had been acted upon by a horror arising from the number of criminals who had been executed for trifling offences, should the crime of murder increase after the abolition of. that punishment, he feared that there would be an opposite reaction, and that the punish ment of death might he again enacted not only for mur der, but for other crimes. • Sir G. GREY wished to explain, in order to prevent misapprehension, that.in the crime of wilful murder he meant to include the crime of intended assassination, a• in the case of Mr. Uniacke- Bailey. Lord NUGENT said, agreeiug in much of what had fallen from the Hon. and Learned Gentleman (Mr. Roreilly), he could not agree with him, in recommend ing the Hon. Member for Dumfries to take the offer of his Right Hon. Friend (Sir G. Grey), and to withdraw his motion for the sake of taking the chance of prevailing upon the Committee on the Right Hon. Baronet's Bill to adopt the principle of the great measure he had brought before the House that night. In the first place, he doubted whether lie could make up his mind, or arrive at a conviction, to vote the affirmative with his Right lion. Friend, that it was desirable to read a Bill the second time, the object of which was to retain the punish ment of death; and in the next place it would be an ad vantageous mode of recommending the great principle to tho House, and it would be difficult to induce the Committee to take into consideration the introduction into such a Bill of a clause excluding the punishment of death. The Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Ewart) had brought before the House the statistics of the effect which the punishment of death had had in reducing crimes of vine lence. From the laws of Rome to those of the present day he had shown in an unanswerable manner that, ge nerally, crimes of violence had increased in proportion to the violence of punishment and decreased in the ratio of its moderation, lie knew it had been said that within. the last five years some crimes, in respect to which the punishment of death had been abolished, had increased. Cases of violence against the other sex had been men tioned, but he held this fact to be a most valuable Ads mission in their (the abolitionists') favour. What did it show? That prosecutions and convictions, whilst the punishment of death was affixed to the offence, were rare, and as soon as capital punishment was repealed prosecutions and convictions became more frequent, be• cause all reluctance on the part of the injured party was removed, and attorneys ceased to recommend, as they generally did before, a prosecution for the lesser offence. knowing the disinclination of juries to convict for the capital offence. Then, as to the offence of shooting with intent to kill, in which there had been an increase, that was the only other crime practically open to the punishment of death. lie put this offence in the same► category as successful attempts to murder; and if theses had been an increase in attempts to murder, notwith standing the punishment of death, it was another proof that capital punishment did not deter from the crime of murder. lie would not refer to authorities—Sir Samuel Romilly, Sir W. Grant, Sir James Mackintosh—all of whom said that the punishment of death was A letter from Messina, of the 29th ult., says— " We have been bombarded from the 22d till the 27th; but yesterday there was a suspension, which we hope will be continued to-day. We have not been discouraged by this cruel bombardment, but on the contrary are prepared to sem our magnificent city utterly annihilated, provided that our cause does but triumph. The fire set to the free port by a shell on the 26th is still burning, in spite of all efforts made by the citizens to extinguish it. I shall not speak of the operations preparing for a general attack upon the citadel, from fear that my letter may fall into the hands of the enemy. Such is the state of Messina. In all the other towns of the island everything is quiet and going on with perfect order. The Parliament is convoked for March 25th at Palermo. The King will be requested to open the session in person." The Turin Risorgimento announces that a conflict took place on the 3d at Brescia between the military and the people. The details are not given. Advices from Naples of the 6th inst. announce that no new Ministry had yet been appointed. The Sicilian Parliament was to meet at Palermo on the 25th of March. The Ministry at Turin offered their resignation on the Bth. The KING has charged Count CRIARE BALB . O and the Marquis LORENZO PARETO with the formation of a new Ministry. The law establishing a communal militia in Pied mont is published. This institution is intended to defend the Constitutional Monarchy, and to assist the troops in the defence of the country against a foreign invasion. All Sardinian subjects of the age of from 21 to 33 are called to form part of it, the clergy, foreign consuls, and soldiers excepted. The chiefs of legions are named by the Km.) from a list of ten, chosen by election ; captains are named by the KING only; all other grades are supplied by election. A letter from Genoa, of the 9th instant, says that there was a current report that Austria was prepar ing an attack on Piedmont. This news, instead of discouraging the people, had given rise to the greatest enthusiasm. The Prussian State Gazette publishes the royal decree on the liberty of the press, to which we alluded in The Sun of yesterday. After recapitulating the resolution of the Germania Diet, by which freedom of action in what relates to the press is left to the individual States of the Confederacy, his MAJOSTY declares that he has instructed his Minister at Frank fort to urge the Diet to the adoption of a further resolution, directing the simultaneous introduction of freedom of the press into all the German States. If this endeavour should prove unavailing, the KING pledges himself to abolish the censorship at once in the Prussian dominions, and to refer the details of the law, as regards the press, to the Prussian Diet at its next meeting. At Hesse Cassel: the people have intimated to the Elector, that unless their demands are complied with within three days, he must be prepared to take the consequences of his refusal. The: troops at Hanau, Marburg, and Geissen, have fraternised with the people, and are preparing to .I march on the cePitai to force the Zleotor to abdicate THR DIFIBRENT •RRONDISSEMEiiTS. " Citizens,—The Provisional Government feels the greatest interest in having all those who are entitled to be in the National Guards inscribed in the elect Oral lists. You are therefore requested to take measures for in creasing the number of the Council for taking the cen sus. But as the number of citizens to be inscribed com prises the whole of the population from twenty to fifty five years, it is necessary that the greatest facility should be given to allow every man to exercise his right. The preceding decree has arranged for the closing of the lists. The people of Paris will see in this measure a new proof of the lively solicitude which animates the Government, to the effect that complete equality should preside over these operations. " ARMAND MARRAST, Mayor of Paris. " Hotel de Ville, March 12." Letters from iChambery mention that King CUARLES ALBERT had been burnt in effigy in that town, and that the people of Savoy demanded their annexation to the French Republic. COCAS AUTHENTIQUE.--PARIS, *MARCH 14.-Five per Cents. (closed Feb. 23 at 116 E 10c.), 73E, 721., 72f. 50c , 721.,721. 50c., 72E, 25c., 50c., 72E, 72E25c., 72E, 72f. 50c., 721., 72f. 25c., 59c., 721., 71f. 75c., 721., 73f. 50c., 72f. 71c., 75c., 721.; Four per Cents., 65f.; Three per Cents., 49f., 481., 48f. 50c., 491.,49f. 50c., 49f. 25c.. 491., 481. 50c. 25c. .50e. 25c., 46f. 50c. 25c. 50c., 48f. ; Bank of France, 1,600 E, 1,500 f., 1,400 f. ; Neapolitan, 72f. 50c. ; Roman, 67f. ; Belgian Five per Cents., 1840, 69f. ; Obligations, 1,101., 1,0051., 1,002 E 80c., I,ooof. Exchange on London -one month. paper, 25f. 37ie. ; money 25f. 35c. ; three months, paper, 25f. 22ic. ; money, 25f. 22frc. PARIS BOURSE, TUESDAY, MARCH 14.-The market has been again depressed to-day, and prices at the close were marked rather lower than yesterday-Threes closing at 48E, and Fives at 72f. Very little business has been done, and that little for cash only. No quo tations for the Account are given. The market closed as follows :-Three per Cents., for cash, 451., for account, 48f. 25c.; Fives, for cash, 72E, for account, 72f. ; Bank of France Shares, 1,4001.; Neapolitan, 72f. 500. Spanish not quoted. RAILWAYS.-The Share Market has been equally de pressed, and quotations are generally lower. For cash Paris and Orleans last marked at 7251. ; Paris and Rouen, 400 f. ; Rouen and Havre, 200 f. ; Avignon, 250 f. ; Vierzon, 2001. ; Strasburg and Bale, 335 f. ; Nantes, 3271. 50c. ; Northern, 3371. 50c. ; Bordeaux, 307 f. 50c. ; Paris and Strasburg, 3351. ; Paris and Lyons, 285 f. LLOYD'S SHIPPING-(THIS DAY. LONDON', MARCH 15.—Wind S.S.W., moderate breez . e and dull hazy weather. DEAL, MARCH 14.—Wind N.N.E. A. 31 r t. N.N.E. to N.B. by N.—Arrd. Tropicus, Popken, Rotterdam for Boston; Alb.rdina, Deddes, ditto, and sailed for Liver pool ; Effort, Brownhen.d, Hartlepool, and sailed for Aden ; Neptune brig, North, and sailed westward. Arrived from the River and sailed, Volusia, Finlayson, Truxillo. COWES, MARCH 14.—Wind N.—Sld. Victory. New Zealand ; Plancius, Java ; Mary Caroline, St. John's, New Brunswick ; Nestor, St. John's, Newfoundland ; Little John, Barcelona ; Jonge Jacobus, Lisbon. SOUTHAMPTON, MARCH 14.—Arrd. Duke of Cornwall steamer, Dublin, and proceeded for London. ALDERNEY, MAncH 12.—The Waterloo, Blackler, of Brixham (coal laden), drove from her anchor in the roads 10th instant, and drove on shore on a sandy beach, after having struck the rocks. The cargo will be saved, but the vessel is seriously damaged. Wws, MsacU 11.—The Scotia schooner, of this port, was driven ashore this evening, behind the South Quay, from her anchorage in this bay, and it is expected she will become a total wreck; crew saved. PLYMOUTH, MARCH 14.—Wind S.W.—Sld. Adelaide, Port Philip ; Ann, Eliza, and Jane, Paimbouf ; So phia, St. Helena; Cornwall, Trinidad. TORBAY, MARCH IS.—Sid. Persian, Sierra Leone; Emma and Minna, Mogadore. FALMOUTH, MARCH 14.—Wind N.N.E.—SId. Un daunted, Adlaide, South Australia; Mary Sparks, China; Unica Hija, Havannah; Cato, St. Vincent; Ann, St. John's, Newfoundland. MILFORD, MIRC II S.—Wind N.N.W.—Arrd. Prin cess, Newton, St. John's, N.B. CLYDE.—SId. Zenobia, St. John's, N. 8.; Madonna, Barbadoes; Euphemia, Newfoundland. DuaLIN, MARCH 13.—Wind N.W.—Sld. Enterprise, Trinidad. LONDONDZRRY. --.^. Sid. Provincialist, Philadelphia ; Fanny, New York. LYNN, MARCH 14.—Wind N.W.—Arrd. Coronilla, Rector, St. Andrew's, N.B. NEWBURGH, MARCIE 11.—The Pilot, Shields, to this port, which went on shore to the north of this place, 7th inst., was got off yesterday, after discharging part of her cargo. IfosTox, MAncrt 13.—A large schooner, with one mast standing, has sunk about half a mile from the land, in three fathoms at low water in neap tides, Trusthorpe church bearing S. by W. W., Saltfleet Mill N.W. by N. MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.) CORN-EXCHANGE—WEDNESDAY Since Monday tho arrivals of English Wheat, coast wil-e and by land carriage, have been small, and the show of samples to-day was trifling. Although the attendance of buyers was not large, the demand was steady, at fully the advance noticed on last market day. The best Foreign Wheat moved off freely, at very full prices, but the middling and out-of-condition sorts were neglected. Barley and Malt were in improved request, at late figures. Oats, though in good supply, were firm, at late rates. Beans, Peas, and Indian Corn were very dull. Flour steady, but not dearer. ABRITALS. Barley. 2,490 qrs. Wheat. Eijifish ...... 2,260 Ire. Oati. I Flow. 1,340 Ira. 1 2,310 ski. 700 I -- 4,690 -- Lriih. ... ..... Foreign ...... 3,0 1 1,280 J unit., 3,9411 qrs. WEITECEAPEZ. Our market was tolerably steady at fully previous quotations :—Beef, from Ss to 4s; Mutton, 3s 34 t• 4s 8d; Veal, 4s to ss; and Pork, 36 10d to 4s 10d per 81114. SECONDARIES'.—(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Secondary POTTER.) SHEPHERD V. RATMENT. This was an action to recover the sum of 51. 103., the balance of an account for board and lodging. The defendant allowed judgment to go by default, and, on admission by the defendant as to the amount due, a verdict was given for the plaintiff'. The defendant's ATTORNEY then applied to the Learned Secondary to retain the writ till next term, in order that a motion might be made to the Court of Queen's Bench to deprive the plaintiff of costs, under the 129th section of the County Courts Act, the amount recovered being under 201. The Learned SECONDARY said that he did not con sider he had power to stay the writ on such grounds, and could only do so where the verdict was not, in his opinion, in accordance with the evidence, or where some informality appeared on the proceedings. An applica tion, however, could be made to a judge at Chambers who bad the power to order a stay of the proceedings. The point was ono of considerable importance, three being several cases pending for the decision on the above point. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. (THIS DAY.) (Before the Assistant-Judge, Mr. Sergeant ADAMS.) THE BUSINESS OF TAE COURT.—The grand jury came into court about eleven o'clock, and complained that they had no bills to go on with. The JUDGE ordered the police in attendance as wit nesses to be all called into court, when he told them it was quite scandalous that when there were so many im portant cases in the calendar there were now at eleven o'clock only seven cases ready to go before the grand jury. The police and the witnesses were paid for their loss of time, and they ought to be prepared early with their cases, and not waste the time of the juries, who were not paid. He would not allow one shilling for ex penses to policemen or other witnesses in any case not rea ly to go on et ten o'clock in the morning. , oUs eri ( dist vroi