The Sun. — London, England, 1866-09-08 00:00:00

31ft. GLADSTONE AT SALISBURY. strength and much of its prosperity from that bene ficial intercourse of industry and trade with every other country which not only increases wealth by wholesome and salutary exchanges, but which knits together the hearts of men in the several countries of the earth, and helps to make those one in spirit and in feeling whom the providence of God Al mighty has made one in race and nature. (Cheers.) Well, the short and decisive war we have seen goes to invest Europe, so far, with the blessings of solid, well-defined territorial divisions, and promises to leave the administration of States and Governments in hands well suited for the task, with the people of those States attached to the persons under whom The Right Hon. W. E:Gladstone, M.P., the ex- Chancellor of,the Exchequer, has for some days past been on a visit to the Bishop of Salisbury, accom panied by Mrs. and Miss Gladstone ; and a distin guished party has each day been invited to meet them at the palace. The Liberals of the city have seized the opportunity to present the right hon. gentleman with an address, approving of the policy of the late Government, and the part taken in it by Mr. Gladstone. The presentation took place yes terday afternoon in the Council Chamber of the city, the Mayor (Mr. R. Stokes) having convened a public meeting for the purpose. There was a very numerous attendance, and Mr. Gladstone received a hearty welcome. The Mayor presided, and briefly opened the pro ceedings by explaining that he had called the meet ing in compliance with a very numerously-signed requisition of the inhabitants presented to him on the previous evening. The address, which was read by the Mayor, was in these terms To THE RIGHT HoN. W. E. GLADSTONE, M.P. " Sir,— We, the Liberal electors and non-electors of the city of Salisbury, gladly embrace the opportunity of your visit to our ancient city to address you in testimony of our respect for your personal character and admiration of your public career. " We desire to tender our earnest thanks to you for the many additional benefits that have accrued from your management of the financial affairs of this great country, and wo trust that ero long the power of inaugurating fur ther fiscal improvements may again be in your hands. (Cheers.) " We also beg to express our profound regret that the course of action pursued by a section of the Liberal party in the past session of Parliament has led to the overthrow of the judicious measure of reform introduced by you, and which, having justice for its basis, we believe to be essen tial to the welfare of the community. " We cherish the conviction that the country is ripe for action in this matter, and that the next session must wit ness a Liberal Government dealing satisfactorily with the they i-.re to be ruled, and the rulers themselves com petent to discharge all the duties that are conducive to the maintenance of general peace and order. (Cheers.) As to ourselves, we can hardly say that the results of the legislation of the year have been satisfactory. We have got a great unsolved ques tion in our hands ; and I think that question of such importance that I would not, for any conside ration, say one single word that would tend to hn pede or to prejudice its solution, irrespective of the quarter from which that solution may come. (Laugh ter.) If a good, honest, effectual measure is proposed by those now invested with the responsibilities of Government, let us embrace it with all our hearts — (cheers) —and let us say nothing and do nothing at this time either to drive them onwards or to drive them backwards. Let us leave in their own minds and in their own hearts the discharge of the respon sible duties which they have courted and assumed ; looking first and foremost of all—above and beyond all—to the satisfactory solution of the question which has assumed a magnitude far above anything per sor.al, far above everything personal, far above everything connected with the immediate interests of party, which has become national and imperial in the truest sense. Only this I will say, while there should be no haste, and no precipitation, it is impor tant that the solution should not be too long delayed. question. " We trust that your life may long be spared, and that this country may continue to have the advantage of your great abilities, and of your undoubted political honesty." Mr. GLADSTONE then came forward, and was greatly cheered. After alluding to the personal associations which entitled him to feel an interest in the city and neighbourhood of Salisbury, and making some graceful references to his friendship with the late Sidney (Lord) Herbert, the right hon. gentle man, adverting to public questions, and especially to that of Parliamentary Reform, said—Upon that subject I feel that the country is unquestionably not in the dark so far as my opinions, desires, and in tentions are concerned. No one has accused me of any undue reserve in the business of putting my countrymen in possession of all I had to say, so far as it might be regarded by them as a matter of inte rest. In truth, I have had a task to perform which, I fear, has been beyond my strength, and to my defective performance of that task—(no, no) —I do not say you, but at any rate many impute—as they have a perfect right to impute if they think fit—the failure or the miscarriage during the present year of that great question. I may not, perhaps, wholly concur in the opinion, at the same time I feel that it is an opinion which they have a perfect right to entertainif they think fit, and which if they enter tain they do better to express it. (Hear.) How ever, what I observe is this, that there . is a great disinclination to express any aversion to a further reform of Parliament—(cheers)---and there being a great disinclination to express plainly that aversion, other modes are adopted of accounting for the failure that has occurred. One of those modes has been, as I have said, so personal to myself, that I think it better to pass by that topic altogether, only assuring you that if it be my fate to take a further part in the prosecution of that question, I shall honestly endeavour to avoid any faults which I may have heretofore committed ; and at the same time, while endeavouring to avoid those faults, I shall also endeavour to avoid any of those half hearted modes of speech and action which un doubtedly are in favour with certain portions of the community. (Laughter and cheers.) But, gentle men, there is another charge that has been made, (Hear, hear.) There is a sense in the minds of the people of this country that the subject has been trifled with—(hear, hear) —and the manifestations, espe cially among the working classes of the community within the last two or three months, have been such that if I were to look at them with reference simply to the promotion of the views of the late Government, I should hail them with an unqualified satisfaction, for indeed they must have been amply sufficient to convince those who persiited long after conclusive evidence to the contrary, in the idle assertion that the nation was indifferent to reform. (Cheers.) But I frankly own I am not one of those who desire to sec this country perpetually torn by agitations and dis cussions upon questions of organic change. (Hear, hear.) I think that if we were wise—l think that if we addressed our minds to this subject in the spirit of moderation and of justice—in that spirit, I presume to say, by which thelate Government at least endea voured to be guided, and by which I am persuaded its members will strive to be actuated hereafter—it is in our power still to effect a satisfactory settlement of that question. I think, however, it is a time to make cautious men reflect, when separate classes are so much called on to act in their separate capacities why are we to have all this separation between the working classes and other portions of the community? (Hear, and "bravo.") This attempt to draw that broad and invidious distinction to castsuspicion upon them with regard to their motives and their compe tency has naturally reacted in a vigorous, distinct, separate, intelligent reaction upon their part. I think it was impossible but that such must be the result. (Cheers.) But happy shall Ibe when the day arrives when all such separate action will come to a c!ose, and when we as a united community, all classes under their several and distinctive names, be they richer or be they poorer, be they higher or be they lower, shall look upon this question of the franchise as a question of national and imperial interest far above all narrow considerations, and shall unite in offering an extension of political privilege —an ex tension safe indeed, but liberal and effectual to those who have been and who still are excluded, but whose competency for the exercise of those duties, I think and which does not affect myself alone, but affects the Government to which I lately belonged, and on which I will certainly say one word with very great confidence. It is sometimes stated that the failure of the measure introduced by Her Majesty's Go vernment for the extension of the franchise, as the none, at least of those assembled in this room, can doubt. (Cheers.) I trust that solution may be arrived at at an early period. (A. voice—" By the Ballot.") Our efforts—l speak for myself and for those with whom I have the honour of acting—will not be wanting. I can give no pledge on their part, and I believe you will ask for none, except this— that we shall endeavour to keep in view the interests of our country, and we understand those interests in the manner and in the sense in which we have hitherto endeavoured to explain and enforce them. (Cheers.) The question will be best and most fairly judged by the people of this country in proportion as it is detached from every personal consideration. (Hear, hear.) The weight of public opinion, the weight and value of all its indications, would be discouraged if it could with justice be said that the ministers who have been politically overthrown were using their personal endeavours to inflame the public mind. (Hear, hear.) I own to you that I think we have done our part so far as lay in our power. The further prosecution of the question until we meet again within the walls of Parliament lies with the people of this country. I am satisfied to abidetheir verdict. I believe them to be com petent judges of their own interests. It is for them, it is for every intelligent man in every rank of the community, to consider in his own conscience what course he shall take with respect to it. The aggre gate results of the exertions of individuals is that which will give form to the expression of public opinion. With you, gentlemen, for the present — with you, as a sample of the great British public — the prosecution and handling of this great question lies. When the time for parliamentary exertion conies, rely upon it that if you think we have done our duty in the past, so we shall be prepared again to do it iu the future. (Loud cheers.) Speeches were subsequently made by Mr. Fawcett, M.l'., and Mr. 11. D. Seymour, M.P., and a vote of thanks to the chairman, followed by three cheers for Mrs. Gladstone, who was present, brought the proceedings to a close, and the meeting separated. first and most important of the measures connected with an improvement of the representation of the people, was due to the careless, rash, and hasty manner in which that measure had been framed. .Gentlemen, it is always open to a political party to treat as impotent the efforts of its opponents ; and in speaking of a Government there is no extent of disparagement to which its opponents may not with apparent fairness resort. All I can say is this, at any rate the members of the late Government were men who were the oldest and most experienced pub lic servants of the Crown ; and if they really did frame a hasty and an ill-considered measure, it was more blameable in them than it could possibly have been in anybody else. But if haste and rashness are to be measured by the ordinary tests, then 1 must say to this charge against the Government that no measure which has been introduced into Parliament since the great Act of 1832 in relation to reform ever was prepared with one half of the industry, care, solicitude, and patient examination which was bestowed by the late Government upon the bill that they introduced for the reduction of the franchise. It is true that that bill did not con tain a great multitude of provisions. We wished to make it a simple and intelligent measure, and I believe that in that object we succeeded. I believe that the epithet of praise which you bestowed upon it in your address, where you call it a judicious .measure, is an epithet deserved by its provi sions. It i s t rue th a t th e bill has failed. Do not, therefore, suppose that the question is likely to reamin long in abeyance. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, in this room I shall strictly avoid all allusion to local politics, for this reason, if for no other, that I have long enjoyed the privilege of th e friendship of both of the gentlemen by whom this city is represented, and from the elder of them a Liberal Government has, upon former important occasions, received cor dial and valuable support. Gentlemen, Salisbury, I I am happy to s a y , has rendered us considerable assistance in connection with this question. You have reared the man whom Brighton has sent to Parliament—(cheers) —whom you arc glad to num ber among your fellow-townsmen, who is not ashamed of that title, and whom we in the House of Commons—upon all sides, I may presume to say -welcome as an important and valuable addition to the strength of the representatives of the people. (Cheers.) There is another gentleman immediately connected with Salisbury whom upon this occasion I cannot refrain from naming. I mean Mr. Lam bert. (Hear.) Mr. Lambert occupies a position in the public service of which I need not say that it is important and that he well discharges its duties; but this I will say, that he is a man of character, a Alan of talents, and a man of devotion to duty that would fit him for a higher and yet more responsible position. (Cheers.) I cannot bestow too high a commendation upon the manner in which Mr. Lam bert, during the eight months he was engsged in that service, discharged the very arduous and diffi cult duty of examining into the whole of the facts connected with the actual state of the representa tion of the people. (Cheers.) Most sincerely and earnestly do I congratulato you upon reckoning such a man among the citizens of Salisbury, while I as cordially record my gratitude to him for the im portant services he has rendered to the State. (Cheers. ) Now, gentlemen, if we look at the state of public affairs in general—if we look especially t thebeyond our ow n shores—l cannot but entert ain the hope that th e stirring events which have oc curred in Europ e are likely to result in realisation of great and solid benefits for the friend:; of general peace and prosperity. What we in Eng land want to see is Europe tranquil, flourishing, an d industrious. (Cheers.) The days have gone by when that idle and mischievous delusion prevailed, that the strength of each country was to be sought in the depression of its neighbours. We wish to see the United Kingdom of her Majesty strong, but we wish to suit strong in conjunction with the strength and well-being of every other state in the civilised world, and we wish to see it deriving much of its THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 8, ISM. 731. Pennsylvania Second Mort. Sterling Bonds, 1875 : Tuesday, —. ARRIVAL OF PASSENGERS. BY THE ERIN, AT LIVERPOOL, SEPT I.—Miss Hay wood, Mrs. Spear, Mr. T. C. Dempsey, Mrs. Dempsey and child, Miss Alden, Mr. T. W. Griffith and the two Misses Griffith, Dr. J. 11. Woodbung, Mrs. Woodbuug, Miss Woodbung, Mr. H. and Mrs. Champvallier, Colonel Fitz hugh, Mr. W. B. Panorden, Mr. Charles W. Appleton, Mr. A. Brown, Captain D. Henderson, Rev. W. Cullmann, Lieutenant-Colonel 11. B. Reed, Mrs. 11. B. Reed, Mr. E. W. Glasgow, Mr. Pickering, and 131 passengers in the steerage. By 'THE JAVA, AT LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 2.—Mrs. R. W. Baker and child, Mr. and Mrs. James Todd, Mr. F. Furst, Mr. E. Bordelois, Mr. Murray, Mr. Stump, Miss Hughes, Miss A. I. Menkin and maid, Mr. A. Guiterman, Mr. 11. Rycroft, Mr. 0. B. Porter and son, Mr. A. Bidwell, Mr. J. Otto Toussaut, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Colt, Miss M. T. Cowley, Miss M. Colt, Mr. James D. Colt, Mr. J. Hughes, Mr. S. S. Roldham, Mr. A. Parra, Mr. Pollock, Mr. J. A. Post, Hon J. Comics, Mr. and Mrs. B. Rush, two daughters, son, and man servant; Mr. Thomas J. Sabine, Mr. A. Skaliam, Mr. F. G. Banzer, Mr. C. P. Kenerick, Mr. S. W. Russell, Rev. J. Townsend, Mr. J. H. Doyle, Mr. W. Quinn, Mr. L. Hall and child, Mr. J. F. Tweedy, Mr. A. J. Nichols, Mr. R. Thompson. BY THE DAMASCUS, AT LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 4.—Mr. J. B. Plumb, Mr. Thomas Plumb, Mr. Frederick Plumb, Miss Mullock, Miss E. Cliff, Mr. Morgan Davies, Mr. E. H. Plant, Mr. Melba, Mr. Lamirande, Mr. Sipling. By the Hamburg American Steamship SAxoxIA, from New York, sth Sept.—Mr. T. Low and Mr. T. Illowsky (landed at Southampton) ; Mr. M. K. Reicheit and family, Mr. David G. Strawn and wife, Mr. H. Riensch, Mr. Ayrer, M. C. Kiessling, Mr. August Buck and wife, Mr. 11. Mars chall, wife, and child, Mr. Jacob Docker, Mr. William Sander, Mr. William Egrey, Mr. A. Wimpfhemer, Mr. Emil Rich, Mr. Louis Cohn, Mr. John Cohn, Mrs. Auguste Weisse, Mr. Frederick Muller. Proceeded in ship for Hamburg. American Financial News. SATURDAY, August 25. Gold continues firm, the closing rate being 1 48 . I still believe the tendency to be downwards, though there is a large short interest which must first be settled. It is known that a quantity of the precious metal has been or dered f rom Europe, and the tendency o f our ' stoc k s being upwards in the European markets will enable us to turn the flow backwards from Liverpool. Still the shipments from our side have not ceased, the last steamer having taken a considerable sum. Ono per cent. has been paid for cash gold. A story has been floating about that some banks refuse to loan upon gold, but it has not been confirmed that any b an k of importance has done so. 5-20's are at 1101, and 7-30's at 105. The Tribune remarks which bear 6 per cent, that at present rates, in point of interest, there is a decided at 117 i, to 9 per cent. f t av e o g i u ir al o , f I t y h tt e h s- g 2 o o l ' d s, the 7-30's bear currency interest. Gold currency, whereas advantage ge ab i o n u at 140 would make the interest on 5 l 2 d o s be eqt!al to 8 40 currency, hence the high premium uf on exe g hangin gold-bearing bonds. and the immediate advantage.l.t mortgages ' are g less active, or 5-20's. State bonds and railway Y s irregular. After the call and the railway share market the market was dull , and the orders few, which is -ar The prices, to be expected at this ti me of the Y c e lo ' in . i how ever, are still upwards, "bulls" pre natin3 - . The tem per of the street continues decidedly "bullish," and prices will be pushed still higher. Thespeculators, however, are not strong, and stocks being pressed for sale before the second meeting sent the market down. Erie went down es closed steady , 721, and were pressed for sale. Other tat 0 0 but dull. The following are the quotations : M sissippi, 291 to 29g; Canton County, 52 3 to 00, Boston _ Water Power, 32 to 33 ; Cumberland Preferred, 1 to giliCk6llVer, 501 to 501 ; Mariposa Preferred, _4 • to 2 Western Union Telegraph, 57-;,r- to 58 ; Now York Centtl , 10l to 'lol' •Erie, 7 4 1 to 721 ; 'leading, 115} to 110.;--,, , Michigan Central, 1131 to 114 ; Michigan Southern, Bdi, to 85 ; Illinois Central, 122 g, to 123; Cleveland and Pittsburg, 87 to 87g ; Cleveland and Toledo, 114 to 116; Rock Island, 109 k to 109} ; North-Western, 361 to 37; do. Preferred, 68 to 681; Fort Wayne, 1041 to 105. • Money is v er y a b un d an t, an d th ere i s grea t e ase in the market. On call sto 6 per cent. is the figure. The busi ness done is small, and at unchanged rates in commercial paper. Large sums are being paid by the Sub-Treasury r account of temporary loans. The payments are made in National Bank notes. The City Banks do not view these notes with favour, and in some places have declined to receive them as deposits to bo drawn against. The Street report them as at a discount of from 1- to per cent. Next week an attempt will bo made to force the City Bank into making settlements at the Clearing-house in these notes, and will, it is thought, be carried. 'reduce bills 410 with difficulty negotiated, and EA- change remains unsettled. London, prime bankers', 60 days, 106: to 1071 ; at sight, 1071 to 1081 ; Paris, bankers, long, 5.321 to 5.281 ; Antwerps, 5.35 to 5.30 ; Hamburg, 351 to 36 ; Amsterdam, 401 to 401 ; Frankfort, 401 to 41 ; Bremen, 77! to 78 ; Berlin, 71 to 714. Freights are very dull, and rates are nominal to Liverpool. Wheat, 41d. ; flour, ls. 6d. ; corn, 41d. ; heavy goods, 12s. 6d. to 15s. London, flour, ls. 101 d ; wheat, 51d. ; corn, 51d. ; heavy goods, 15s. to 20s. Cotton, 3-16 d. ; ditto per steamer, Id. to id. Nearly $300,000 - have been stolen from the Marine Bank. The money was placed on special deposit by Messrs. Crocker, Wood, and Co., ship-chandlers, who will, it is said, bo the losers and not the Bank. The robbery was not discovered for 18 days. The thieves have so far got clear off, but the detectives aro on their trail. The business of the Sub-Treasury was : —Receipts, 63,522,589 39—for Customs, 6538,000 ; Payments, 6,1,883,8.10 83.—Balance, $95,555,905 57. Gold notes, 6276,0(10. Tho Chicago Tribune of Wednesday says :—" Business is improving, though not rapidly. The receipts of grain aro more liberal and the demand for money is more pressing. To-day there was an increased demand for currency from every quarter, and in some instances considerable " ship ping" was made use of by some of the banks to meet the cheques drawn on them by their correspondents. Exchange was thrown upon the markets with a looseness; Govern ments were being realised on, and in some quarters we hear that telegrams had been sent East ordering currency. There is no surplus of money at any of the banks. Paper is being more closely discriminated, and nothing but what is ' gilt-edged' will now pass. For such the market is com paratively easy at 10 per cent. Outside paper is ignored, and second-class names aro rejected. On the street these sell at 12 to 18 per cent. per annum. There was more exchange offering in view of the scarcity of cu►rency, and the market was 'slumpy' and lower. Round lots of bankers' sold at 50 to 1-10 discount, with a greater supply at these figures than the demand called for. Counter rates were also easier." The Cincinnati Commercial of Wednesday says :—" Ex change is still heavier. Some of the dealers confine their purchases at 50c. off to their customer; and do not offer to take outsiders' cheques at better than 1-10 c. off. The offer ings of paper for discount were a little more regular in the experience of different bankers. In the aggregate they appear to have been less than usual, but the checking was correspondingly increased, and as great closeness in the working of the market is noticed as heretofore." (From L. P. Morton and Co's. Circular.) NEW YORK, Aug. 25. Since our last the course of monetary affairs has been somewhat. disturbed by speculative movements in Gold. Money has been in active demand for gold operations, and the rate of interest has ruled about 1 per cent. higher. Demand loans on the best collaterals are made at 4 per cent. ; but the prevailing rate is 5 per cent. Discounts are more active ; but rates remain steady at 5 to 61 per cent. United States securities have been somewhat irregular; but the late advance is well supported by a steady demand for investment. Five Twenties of 1882 have been less in demand for export, but, with the comparative scarcity of bonds on this market, have maintained the improvement of last week, fluctuating between 110 and 1101 and closing at 1101 to 1101. Railroad Stocks have been irregular, in connection with speculative movements, but are on the whole firm. Erie has touched 741 during the week, but subsequently de clined to 721, and closes at 721 to 797,-. Illinois Central has ranged at 1221 to 123*, and closes at 123. The anti cipation of monetary case, resulting from the redemption of about 870,000,000 of the Temporary Loan, sustains the prevailing speculation for higher prices of securities gene rally. _ . State Stocks have boon firmer, in sympathy with the improvement in other classes of securities. Tennessee's of 1890 have sold up to 94, and close at 931. North Caro lina G's close at 84 ; Virginia G's at 70 ; and Missouri G's at 781. Gold has fluctuated widely, under an unusual scarcity, prodncedby combinations withholding gold from the mar ket ; loans of coin have been made at to 1 per cent. per diem. The price has ranged at 1471 to 151, and closes weak, under speculative sales to realise, at 148/. Foreign Exchange has been dull, owing to the indis position of remitters to buy at the current premium on gold. The market is well supplied with bills, and rates have fallen to 106 to 107 for bankers' 60 days' sterling, and 107 to 1071 for sight. Francs close at 5.35 to 5.30 for bankers, long date, and 5.30 to 5.271 for sight. Cotton has ruled quiet, with a slight downward move ment in quotations. Middling Uplando close steady at 33 to 34c. The receipts at all the ports, reported for the week ending August 21st, amounted to 7,000 bales, and the ex ports for the same period to 7,000 bales. FOREIGN QUOTATIONS. August 24. August 17. London commercial lO5l 106 k 1061 1071 Do. bankers' long lO6 107 1081 108/ Do. bankers' short sight lO7 1071 5271 5231 Paris sixty days 535 530 5231 5221 Do. short sight 530 5271 5231 522; Antwerp 536 1 531+ 530 526; Hamburg MI 36 36 36] Amsterdam 4oi 404 401 41 Frankfort Bremen 771 78 781 79 Berlin 7l 714 714 72 COTTON QUOTATIONS. Uplands. Mobile. N. O. & Ts. Good Ordinary Low Middling 34 to 32 32 to 321 321 to 33 Middling Good Middling MOVEMENTS OP SPECIE AT NEW YORK. IMPORTS.—From California, Aug. 12, $3,091,600 ; re ceived previously, $23,426,880. Since January 1, 1866, $26,518,480. Expowrs.—For week ending Aug. 18, $117,990 ; pre viously, $52,185,786. Since January 1, $52,303,776; same time 1865, $19,254,565. From E. F. Satterthwaik and Co.'s Weekly Circular, September 5.) By the "Java " our advices from New York are to the 21st inst. They report more activity iu the State Markets generally. Governments were in fair demand, the 10.40 Five per cont. gold bearing Bonds being the favourite Stock ; on largo purchases the quotation had advanced to 1021, or nearly par ex the Ist September coupon. In Rail- road Stocks, Reading and Erie attracted most attention, the latter being largely bought, probably to secure votes at the forthcoming meeting for election of Directors. Other Stocks, notwithstanding the decreased earnings, were steady. State Stocks and Railroad Mortgages wore in more re quest at something above former rates. Money was still abundant, not more than three per cent. being asked for loans on Government Securities, and four per cent. on first class Railroad Stocks. The following is tho return of the New York Banks: Discounts. Specie. Circulation. Deposits. 8 $ $ Aug. 11, 258,20 3 ,063 8,125,500 27,528,522 211232,263 Aug. 18, 251,951,913 7;515,513 27,796,904 214,310,576 RAILROAD TRAFFIC RETURNS. It will havo been noticed that the traffic returns of American Railroads for the last few months exhibit a fal- ling off from those of samo period last year, but the de crease on most of the lines is comparatively trifling ; this diminution has, however, we believe, stimulated tho ma nagers of railroads generally to economise the working ex penses, and we are informed that, in tho case of the At lantic and Great Western, this has been effected to a con siderable extent, so that the net profits will be at least equal to, if not greater, than those of last year. The corn crop is reported to be the largest ever known, and seeing the farmers held much back last season, there is every probability they will pour on the markets very large quantities, and thus afford full occupation for all the means of transit now in existence. ~........ _ At the latter end of last and beginning of tho present week the transactions iu the London market for American securities were very numerous and heavy in amount, and the price of all descriptions were carried considerably above the quotations of this day week. For the last two days, however, there has been a falling off in the amount of business, and prices have slightly declined. United States 5-20's, which on Monday were taken as high as 73k, have given way to 72+, to 73, and Illinois Central Shares after having touched 801, have receded to 79 to 79k . The recent se ttl emen t derellped a shortness in Fries, the purchases for shipment to Now York having been upon a large scale ; after being 47 they close 46 to 17. A very large business has been done in Atlantic and Great Western Bonds, chiefly in Debentures and Conso lidated Mortgage. The former have advanced 10 per cent., and even at the enhanced quotations aro very scarce and difficult to buy. The sectional First and Second Mortgage Bonds are also firmer all round. 6 O pe F r Fl C a e A n lT s ßA .2 N o sA p c o T n i d o s s: 1 7 8 1 t 1 : ITEhNulTE7.—United States Friday, 73 2131 1 ; Saturday, 731 3; Monday, ti 4-31 34 ;: Tuesday, 73 21; Wednesday, 72/ 73 " 5 per Cent. Sterling Bonds : Thursd. Virginia Virginia G per Cent. Dollar Bonds: 'Thursday, , Friday, —; Tuesday, —; Wednesday, 46. Y Ati„ . and Gt. Westn. (N. Y. Sect.) Ist Mrt. Bonds, 1880 '. Friday, —; Tuesday, 691; Wednesday, Atlan. and Gt. Westn. 2nd Mrt. Bonds, 1881: Saturday, 68, Atlan. and Gt. Westn. (Penns. Sect.) Ist Mrt. Bonds, 1877: Monday, 70 1; Tuesday, —. Atlan. and Great Western Consolidated Bonds,. 1895 : Thursday, 471 6 7 Friday, 461 ; Saturday, 461 ; Monday, 461 6_.1. Tuesday, 487,1 ; Wednesday, 481 74 1 81. Erie Shares, $lOO, all paid : Thursday, 451 265 l ;F riday, 461 ; Saturday, —; Monday, 47 6 1 7 ; Tuesday , 46 611 ; Wednesday, 461 i. Erie Shares, G percent. Convertible Bonds Friday, 70 xc. Monday, 701 ; Tuesday, —. Illinois Central 7 per Cent. Bonds of 1875: Thursday, —; Monday, —. Illinois Central Shares, all paid : Thursday, 791 1 1 1 Friday, 7n 80 ; Saturday, 80 1 ; Monday, 801 80 ; Tuesday, 791 I -I; Wednesday, 791 Philadelphia and Erie First Mortgage, 1881: Friday, —; Saturday, —; Tuesday, —. Philadelphia and Erie First Mortgage, 1881 7 with option to Do paid in Philadelphia ; Saturday, DEPARTURE OF PASSENGERS. By the FULTON, from Falmouth for Now York, Aug. 30.—Mr. and Mrs. F. W. Latham, Miss A. Sprague, Mrs Putman and child, Mr. J. Mitchell, Mr. W. S. Davey, Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Thorp, Mrs. J. C. Cropper and child, Miss 31. C. Barnes, Miss A.M. Dick, Mr. G. J. Kraft, Miss C. J. Kraft, Mr. and Mrs. E. Peekover, Miss E. Eyre, Mr. Edward Billing, Mr. Frank Hicks, Miss Tracy, Miss Rich mond, Miss Mash, Mr. Bronovetz, Mr. and Mrs. Soames and child, Mr. and Mrs. Gretton and three children. By the BELLONA. (s.), London and New York Steamship Line, Captain Dixos, for New York, Sept. 2.—Mr. H. King, Rev. E. B. Inslee and family, Mr. Jas. Chand, Mrs. and Miss Charles, Mr. Samuel Bedding, Mr. Bindon Blood, Mr. Charles Heatley, Mr. Wm. Mancher, Mr. Giles, Mr. C. P. 'rotten, Mrs. and Master Boyd, Miss Josephine Ziegler, Mr. Fromm, Mr. and Mrs. Crowson, Mr. Burton, Miss llollis, Master Hollis, Mr. John Rushby, George Barry, Miss Gillis, Mr. 11. Dunn, Mrs. and Master Mand, Mr. Chas. J. Curzon, Mr. J. Fuzard, Mr. Wm. Walker, Miss A. Busse, and Mr. A. Brown. LIST OF CABIN PASSENGERS PER S. S. BORUSSIA, FOR NEW YORK.—Wm. Ford, England ; J. llaan, Prussia ; Lorenz Breining, Regina Breining, Mathilde Breining, America; W. H. Schultze, mit frau und kind, Maria und Carl Fehmer, Boston ; Henry Meyent, Mina Paulsen, A. Jacobson, mit frau, W. F. mit frau, und kind, Jos. Taussig, mit frau, 4 kindern u. domestic, Boston ; Lucie Witte, mit kind, Philadelphia ; S. Laufer, Cincinatti; A. und Caroline Broth, Jowa ; E. Korlutz, Cincivatti ; Heinrich Albers, New York ; Hulda Haarbleicher, Chicago; Louise Meyer, and domestik, Hannover; Perl Isaac, Friedericia ; G. Siegmund, Blankenese ; Math. Mieske, Flatow ; Louis Briese, Krummel ; Heinrich Steinhauer, Hanau ; Julius Ehnnann, Furth ; J. Silber mann, mit frau und kind, Moscatine ; 0. v. Schroder, mit frau, two kindern und domestik, Costa Rica ; 11. H. Riemann, Now Orleans. Erste Cajute untoror Salon. —Therese Nienstadt, mit 3 kindern, Hamburg ; Marie Wollner, Vanbach : Caroline Nordheimer, Gretchen, und Amelie, Mannelsdorf ; Kathi Lauer, Altenkunstadt ; Frie derich Schenck, Hildburghausen ; Friederiko Imhof, Al lertch ; J. Rosenberg, Reckendorf ; Rosalie Friedmann, Allertsch ; Marie Reinhardt, Bremen ; Nanette Falk, Ham burg ; Friederike Leibig mit kind, Hannover ; Hilmar Kiesewetter, Konigsee ; Henriette Tillmann, Marienwerder ; Saraa Meyer, Beinheim ; Emma Loewe, Hannover; Rosino Loewi, Huschaid; Babette Fischer, Huschaid; Sara Solig mann, Beinheim ; Louis Kemlein, Sonneberg ; Ernst Koch, Coburg ; Huldb Jerimias, Polajewo ; Mathias Tim mermann, York ; Lisette Berk, Gnesen ; Pauline und Emilie Schumacher, Spandau ; Rieke und Jetto Schon feld, Miastezko ; Johanna Machos, Chodziesen ; Charles Linck, mit frau und four kindern, Hanau ; Emilie von Gotzen, Konigsberg; Elise Wolf, Gluckstadt ; Ida und Zerline Hahn, Bergen ; Rud. Ilennig, Gustrow ; Josephs, Gut, Rankweil ; Rudolph Korach, Posen; 11. Adam, Wesel ; Max. Blumexthal, Merzbach ; Sal. Gut mann, Kissingen ; Paul Fusslein, Hanau ; Simon Fleisch mann, Bendershausen ; Mathilde Liebenthal, Furstenberg ; Marianne Bacharach, Seligenstadt ; Julius Simon, Hahn heim ; Pauline Eumpart, Prag ; Herman Schutze, Berlin ; Sara Bar, Marisfeld ; J. Golmann, Kaliseh ; Jonas Kahn, Wurzburg ; Caroline Guldmann, Harburg; Elise Habrich, Coln ; Friedrich Dinkel, mit frau und kind, New York ; Georg, Dotterweich, mit frau, Dunkirch ; Jacob Kruse, mit frau, Kathi Kruse, Charleston ; J. Fernschild, mit frau, New York; Carl Kiesow, Illinois; Helena ' Fuhring, mit kind, New York; A. Forbriger, mit frau, und 3 kindern, Mario Berger, John Ilerkelrath Cincinatti; Lisette Hellmann, New York; Henry B. Dunker mit frau, Missouri; Jean und Michael Biebinger, St. Louis ; Hannchen Brahe, Augusta ; Georg Zack, San Francisco; Petronella Breuer, Ohio; Joseph Cohn mit frau, San Francisco; Marie Gilbert, New York; Johannis Schmelzle mit frau, Cincinatti; Abraham Mayor, New York ; M. Gottler, Wilhelm Leffler, St. Louis ; Moritz Stamm, Dorpach; Ernst Schipke', Ohio ; J. Schwab, New York ; Herman Schutze, Berlin. Fatal Boiler Explosion in Chatham Dockyard. Shortly after the hour for the commencement of work in Chatham dockyard yesterday a terrific ex plosion occurred in the steam hammer-shop, by which two of the workmen lost their lives, while between 20 and 30 others sustained more or less serious injuries. The scene of the calamity was a building in which the steam was generated for work ing one of the large four-ton steam hammers, as well as for driving some of the machinery used in the metal mills. It would seem that steam had been got up in the large boiler, when from some cause which at present seems altogether inexplicable the boiler, which was of 20-horse power, and capable of working up to a pressure of 601 b to the souare inch, burst shortly after half-past 7, when all the establishments were in full operation and the yard crowded with workmen. The results which fol lowed the explosion were most fearful, nearly the whole of the buildings adjacent to the steam ham mer-shop being laid in ruins: The top of the boiler itself, which was calculated to weigh between six and eight tons, was lifted high into the air over the roofs of the foundry and smithery, in the passage way between which, marvellous to state, it fell, without effecting any damage beyond tearing away a small part of the foundry wall. Had this portion of the boiler in its descent swerved only a very few feet either to the right or left it must have fallen on one of the shops, each of which was crowded with workmen, when the consequences would have been most calamitous. The boiler-house, a portion of the foundry, and the hammer-shop were levelled with the ground, and the boiler in the adjoining building turned completely round, while portions of the iron roofs of the buildings destroyed were carried to a considerable distance, pieces of angle iron weighing several hundredweight being hurled on to the roof of the adjoining building sheds. Immediately the occurrence became known all the available members of the dockyard police force, under the direction of Mr. Superintendent Strength, together with numbers of the dockyard hands, were on the spot to render assistance, and to search among the ruins for the bodies of those workmen found to be missing. After searching for about an hour the body of Robert Stallwood, one of the stokers, was discovered, and an hour or two afterwards that of Frederick May, also a stoker, was found, both men being very much mutilated, a nd quite dead. The bodies were afterwards removed to Melville Hos pital to await an inquest by the coroner. As intelligence of the occurrence became known in the town crowds of the wives and other relatives and friends of the workmen congregated in front of the dockyard to ascertain any particulars respecting the injured, but every precaution was adopted by the dockyard officials to allay the anxiety mani fested, the whole of the workmen employed in the departments where the accident occurred being sent to their homes. Among those who received the most serious in juries were Mr. llooper, foreman of smiths, who, while engaged at his duty, was struck by a portion of the building, a stone from which was hurled through the smithery, striking him on the thigh, which was broken ; Edward Willmott, severe burns from the scalding water and steam ; and William Shackleton, who sustained a compound fracture of the arm. The whole of the above were immediately removed to the Melville Naval Hospital. Among the workmen who sustained less serious injuries from being struck by portions of the exploded boiler or the debris of the buildings were H. Fuller, R Reed, W. Brewer, A. Bennett, A. Cooper, C. Brewer, J. Hillman, W. Brown, T. Barnes, T. Scott, F. Boatman, H. Hastrick, E. Nest, G. Phil lips, W. Pitt, Record, R. Overy, J. Fowler, J. Terry, H. Sinclair, J. Meagher, W. West, J. Hodges, A. Lovett, R. Harris, W. Colesworthy, and W. Webster. These were removed to the dockyard surgery, where their wounds and injuries were promptly attended to, after which they were con veyed to their homes. With regard to the causes which led to the ex plosion of the boiler no satisfactory reason can at present be assigned. An examination of the broken portions made immediately after the occurrence by the writer proved the plates of which the boiler was composed, as well as the, rivets, to be of very supe rior workmanship, while the boiler itself had not been comparatively a long time in use. The safety valve was found in its proper state, and therefore negatives the supposition that it had been tampered with by the engine-driver or stokers to make up for a deficiency of steam. A minute inspection of the remains of the boiler appears to lead to the con clusion that the water had been allowed to get too low, and that caused the explosion. During the whole of yesterday a large number of workmen were engaged in clearing away the ruins of the buildings destroyed and in taking down those portions which were considered to be dangerous, the operations of those employed being superintended by Major Pasley, the superintending engineer at the dockyard. The lofty chimney-stack, which escaped destruction, way found to be in such a tottering condition that it was decided to throw it down, and the work was effected, without accident, during the morning. The still loftier stack at the metal mills appears to have been shaken by the explosion, and it is not improbable that, from prudential reasons, it will be decided to take it down. For some con siderable distance round the scene of the accident the yard was strewn with rubbish, while scarcely a single whole pane of glass remains in any of the adjacent buildings. The whole of the machinery in the shop adjoining the boiler-house in which the ex plosion occurred has been rendered useless, while the roof and sides of the building itself have been blown down, and altogether the large workshop so shattered and shaken that it will require to be re built. The extent of the property destroyed by the explosion may be inferred when it is stated that it will occupy several months to re-erect the buildings entirely and partially swept away. Last night Mr. T. Ilills, the coroner for Chatham, opened an inquest on the bodies of the two men killed. The coroner, accompanied by the jury, proceeded to the scene of the accident. They found the boiler which burst lying on its side among a mass of brick work and rubbish. One of the safety valves had been thrown some distance, but the other remained attached to the disconnected part of the boiler. An examination of both the safety valve and steam-box proved that they were in good working order. The plates of the boiler were three-eighths in thickness, and, with the exception of one or two which will doubtless be found to have led to this accident, were as nearly as possible perfect. The inquiry by the jury will, therefore, resolve itself into the exact con dition of the boiler, and the quantity of water it contained at the moment of the accident, the latter being not the least important point to be kept in view. The coroner said as it would be necessary to ob tain professional evidence as to the condition of the boiler, he proposed to adjourn the inquiry until the following week, and this course was acceded to by the jury. _ _ From inquiries made at the hospital last night it appears that all the sufferers are going on favour ably. The official report of the accident was trans mitted to the Admiralty last night: Interestin; Antiquarian Relic. Under this heading a paragraph appeared in The Sun of December 16th, in reference to the finding of a curious old gold cross and chain in the process of excavations in Castle Bailey at Clare,;,in Suffolk. The discovery was a matter of great interest and curiosity to the lovers of antiquity throughout the kingdom, and at length Mr. Stephen Jenner, the owner of the Castle Bailey, forwarded particulars bf the discovery to her Majesty's Treasury, where upon her Majesty was pleased to express a desire to possess the curious relic. Accordingly it was at last delivered up by the person who had taken pos session of it to the Treasury for her Majesty, and the Queen now possesses it as her own, it being claimed as " treasure trove." Her Majesty ex pressed a wish for the true history of this curious relic to be searched out, and directions were ac cordingly given by the Treasury for that pulpose, and the investigations prove the account we pre viously published as to its supposed history not to be correct. The Secretary of the Treasury has now favoured Mr. Jenner with the following very inte resting particulars of their research, which are this week made public by that gentleman :—By a re ference to the will of Countess Philippa, dated the 21st of November, 1378 (proved 11th of February, 1381, and registered at Lambeth Palace, and also by the will of Edmond, Earl of March, also regis tered at Lambeth Palace), it is clearly proved that the gold cross found in the ruins of Clare Castle is not the jewel bequeathed in the will of Countess Philppa to her son Edmond, nor that bequeathed by Earl Edmond to the Abbey of Wigmore ; but there is strong reason for believing that it formed at one time a part of the Royal collection of jewels belong ing to King Edward 111., for it is recorded that he had among his jewels, kept for safe preservation in the Tower of London, " un croys d'or double overe de triffure quo est de la croys Jhesu Crist, et ne puit estre preise,—" a cross of gold which represents the cross of Jesus Christ, set with pearls, and cannot be valued." This description exactly answers to the cross found at Clare, for that, it will be remem bered, had four large pearls, one at each tranverse section of the cross, while the cross itself, with the figure of our Saviour upon it, was most beautifully foliated, and the chain, about two:feet long, was of the richest description. How this precious Royal jewel came to be found in the ruins of Clare Castle is thus accounted for :—lt was the common practice of our Sovereigns, in former ages, to bestow on their children and grand-children, as wedding gifts, rare jewels and relics ; and as Edward lll.'s grand daughter Philippa was married to Edmund Mor timer, the Lord of Clare, and upon her marriage came to reside at the Castle, she in all probability had this jewel given to her on the occasion, and it was by her taken to the Castle, where it got lost. What confirms this history, almost beyond all doubt, is the fact that this particular jewel, before-described in old French, disappeared from that very time from the numerous inven tories which are extant of the Royal jewels. Thus this once Royal jewel, which has been buried at Clare, lost for 500 years, has once more come into Royal possession in the person of our beloved Queen. The real finder of this curiosity was a poor lad of Clare, named Walter Lorking, and recently, upon the representation of Mr. Jenner to her Majesty, through Sir T. M. Biddulph, the Keeper of the Privy Purse, she has been pleased to forward to Mr. Jen ner a donation of £3 for Walter Lorking, who has rightfully become the possessor of the reward. . EXTRAORDINARY LARGE STURGEON.—On Wed nesday last the crew of a Harwich fishing smack captured a noble royal sturgeon within a few miles of the shore. It was found to be of the extraordinary length of 12ft. 2in., girth 40 inches, and entire weight 156 lbs. This superb fish was forwarded to Mr. Smithers, of Duke-street, Lon don-bridge, where it has been exhibited during the past two days, attracting a vast number of spectators. " There is no shame to our manhood - if we distrust our own ability to endure the anguish of the body. . . It is no secret that of late local anvethesia has been produced to such a degree that the patient, retaining his consciousness, can watch the surgeon's knife as it cuts to cure, and yet be without the slightest sensation of physical suffering."—Daily elegraph, July 13, 1866. "To none is the public more in debted than to Mr. Day."—lllustrated News, page 8,0, June 9. "Mr. Day has succeeded in robbing tooth extraction of its horrors, and we think we are only fulfilling an act of duty in giving publicity to the fact."—Court Journal. p. 582, May 2.1. Painful teeth, or diseased stumps extracted without pain. ,No chloroform, and perfectly safe. Every description of teeth, combining the latest inventions and improvements in dental mechanism, may be procured from Mr. DAY, dentist (late principal assistant to Mr. Eskell, of 8, Grosvenor-street, , 291,liegent-street (3 wort , tcom the Polytechnic). SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—A document which we publish elsewhere represents a most important step in the progress of European civilisation. It is a Monetary Conven tion between France, Belgium, Switzerland, and Italy, and it amounts in effect to an announcement that in the course of two or three years the coinage of half continental Europe will be absolutely identical. The Convention appears equivalent to an argument ou the part of Belgium, Italy, and Switzerland to assimilate their coinage, with the ex ception of copper money, to the French system. gold coinage will consist of pieces of five, ten, twenty, fifty, and one hundred francs. The highest silver standard will be the five-franc piece; and the smaller coins will be two francs, one frank, fifty centimes, and twenty centimes. The silver coinage, therefore, will descend' to the value of twopence, and the maintenance of a distinct copper coinage will consequently be of very little importance. The range of the coinage will be, in fact, extremely con venient. The 100-franc piece will be a convenient form for carrying sums of money, and will answer all the more considerable necessities of the traveller, while none but the most insignificant transactions would require a coin of smaller value than the 20- centime piece. It is to be observed also that the coinage of these four countries will not only be as similated, but the money of each country will be a legal tender in all the others. The four Govern ments agree that their Treasuries shall accept all the gold and silver coinage of the contracting States ; they will mutually exchange the amounts of their respective coinages which may accumulate in each other's hands from time to time ; they will commu nicate to each other annually the total amount and the relative position of their issues, together with all the arrangements and all the administrative docu ments relating to coinages. In a word, these four countries, stretching right across the most impor tant part of Europe, will be as much united for all purposes of monetary exchange as the different parts of these islands. The old coinage is to be withdrawn from circulation, and, with some exceptions, this is to be accomplished before the Ist of Jainuary, 1869; so that this reform will be in practical operation in less than two years and a half. Events have moved so fast that it'is difficult to realise the immense ad- vance represented by this Convention. The time, indeed, is not long past when every canton in Swit zerland had a different monetary standard, and the coinage of France within quite a modern period was excessively inconvenient. The present French coin age is a model of convenience, and it is no wonder that it has been taken as the standard in the present Convention. The napoleon has already become a re cognized medium of exchange in the contracting countries, and the Convention does but legitimatize and complete a process which the force of circum stances had commenced. Accordingly, in chang ing from Belgium to France or from France to Switzerland the traveller has for some years been put to but slight inconvenience. But it is in Italy that this Convention implies the most remarkable revolution. Seven or eight years ago, before the events of 1859, the various coinages in that country were enough to drive the traveller to distraction, and must have been an intolerable obstacle to commercial intercourse. Every petty State and Duchy had its own money, and refused to acknowledge the coinage of its neighbours. Pass ing from Piedmont through Lombardy, Modena, Parma, the States of the Church, Tuscany, and Naples, the traveller would at each step have had to employ a different system of calculation ; nor can we suppose that the old coinages have as yet been entirely absorbed. By this Convention, however, in a few years' time a complete uniformity will b e pro duced over the whole of Italy. The States of the Church, if they are then under a separate Govern ' went, will be the sole exception. In four or five years' time, it is said, the traveller will be able to pass from Calais to Brindisi without changing car riages ; but long before then he will be able to jour ney from the north to the extreme south of Europe without once changing his money or making the slightest alteration in his calculations. The boon which such a reform will confer upon travellers is obvious. The necessity of constant exchanges is not only a great annoyance, but is the occasion of considerable loss, and in the condition of Europe 50 years ago the story is scarcely an exaggeration that a traveller, starting with a sovereign and ex changing it at each successive frontier, found it at length reduced by this process alone to the value of a farthing. But increased convenience to travellers means increased intercourse, and it is impossible to exaggerate the benefits to the countries themselves which must accrue from such a Convention. A uni form and simple coinage has the same effect in its way as a railway on a uniform gauge. Its introduc tion is an operation of precisely the same character. The gold and silver pieces are the metal rails of mercantile intercourse and of mutual transactions, and they serve as effectually as the iron rails to facilitate exchange, the levelling of values, and the comprehension of mutual interests. The mere mechanical convenienoe in mercantile trans actions must be incalculable. In large concerns the constant transfer of accounts from one standard to another must of itself involve an enormous amount of labour, which will now be to a large extent abolished. A difference, indeed, still remains in weights and measures ; but when several countries have the same coinage they have least one standard in common, and the one most frequently used. A Monetary Convention of this sort is not exactly a Zollverein or Commercial Treaty, but it must pro duce in some respects very similar effects. These four countries for the future will in some important points trade with each other with more facility than with other countries, and the inevitable consequence will be that their mutual transactions will be greatly augmented. We have observed that this Conven tion still leaves unaltered the present divergence in weights and measures ; but within the same coun tries it cannot but be a step towards a similar agree ment in these points also. Indeed, the preamble to the Convention expressly states that one of the objects contemplated was " to contribute to the pro gress of uniformity in weights and measures" as well as in currency. The attraction which has proved so powerful in the one instance cannot but, sooner or later, be equally efficacious in others, and we may reasonably expect in time to see a complete uni formity in weights, measures, and currency through out the whole of what, after the Emperor Napo leon, we may call " the Latin races" of the Con tinent. If Spain ever possesses any metals to coin, and has any use for weights and measures, it will obviously be for her interest to join the Con vention, and the whole of Western Europe will then be assimilated. We may reasonably hope that a similar process will now take effect among the German races. Germany some years ago, with all its little petty principalities, was even worse than Italy. The Zollverein introduced a great improve ment, but up to the present moment there have still existed three or four principal systems of coin age, either totally distinct from each other, or ren dered all the more puzzling by an apparent resem blance. The incorporation of Northern Germany with Prussia will, no doubt, be followed by the adoption of the Prussian coinage at least as Lir as the line of the Main; and if the Southern States would agree upon the same coinage with Austria, the European system would be as simple as we can reasonably expect. A universal adoption of the same system is neither to be expected nor, perhaps, desired. The assimilation, for example, of our own coinage, weights, and measures to the French sys tem would not bring us advantages sufficient to compensate for the immense inconvenience of the change. So long as there are a few distinct and well-adjusted systems we shall have all that we can desire. It is very remarkable how rapidly Europe is tending to this simplification. The intricacy and confusion of but a few years ago are becoming rapidly fused into a few widely-spread languages, a few large kingdoms, and a few comprehensive sys tems of currency and of measures. Every change, moreover, in this direction renders further changes of the same sort inevitable. The instinct of union is resistless, and daily gathers strength as it pro ceeds. Commercial treaties and the constant pro gress of free trade are but results of the same instinct, and all work together to the same end. We con gratulate the four Governments who have signed this Convention upon having furnished so good a precedent, and we trust the example may be speedily imitated. THE " ANGLO - AMERICAN TIMES." -• When the great political events which followed the Four Years' War in America are told by the historian, scenes which to us—who now seeing through a glass darkly, lose their full significance— may yet in history's pages mark epochs, and stand as the pillars of turning-points. Such a scene, which the historian may one day delight to detail, oc curred on Saturday afternoon, August 18th, 1866. In the East Room of the White House stood Presi dent Johnson, and by his side General Grant. Before him was a crowd of distinguished American citizens, Delegates from the Convention, pro nounced by the President to be the most important that had ever assembled in the United States since 1787. From the hands of Reverdy Johnson the President had received a copy of the proceedings of that Convention, and he was replying in studied terms to the complimentary address of which that gentleman was the spokesman. The President's manner was earnest and emphatic. His words had a terrible significance. He was delivering one of the most extraordinary speeches ever made by a great ruler to a great nation. A crisis had arrived, and the leading and most prominent figure was that of Andrew Johnson. He stood in that room, and through the delegates spoke to the Great Republic, explaining and defending hid measures, and de- nouncing the strong and factious opposition di rected against him. " His efforts," he said, " had " always been directed to the Restoration of the " Union, and when he thought he had succeeded a " new disturbing element arose from a body which " assumes to be the Congress of the United States, "but is in fact a Congress of only a part of the " States. This Congress pretended to be for the " Union, when its every step tended to perpetuat e " disunion and make a disruption of the States 111- " evitable. Its legislation, instead of promo tin g " reconciliation, had partaken of the character of " penalties, retaliation, and revenge. Such h ad " been its course, while he had reverenced " and supported the Constitution. He had been " charged with being despotic and tyrannical, when " every act of his life had been opposed to despotism " and tyranny. Such charges against him were " only intended to deceive and delude the pubhe, " and were made by Congress merely to cover tile! r " own acts. All he wished was that the public " should justly understand the nature o f the " struggle now going on in America, and he had " full faith in their support. Tyranny could be " more readily exercised by the many than by one " man, and he had seen a Congress gradually en " croaching upon the Constitution, violating da y " after day the fundamental principles of the (.3-0- " yernment, acting as if there were no limit by our" laws to the scope of its power, and endeavouri n g' " although in a minority, to exercise powers, wh ich ' " if permitted, would end in despotism or monar cli f " itself. Because he dared oppose this he had b een " denounced in the severest terms. Slander, vi tt !' " peration of the bitterest character, had made their " way through the press. His race was almost run , " he had nothing more to gain, for he had mounted " to the top of the ladder of preferment under " American Institutions. If he wished authority; " or desired to perpetuate his power, it would have, " been easy for him to hold and wield that pla ced " in his hands by the Freedmen's Bureau Bill. " With the army it placed at his discretion he could i " have remained at the capital of the nation, an" " with 50 or 60 millions of dollars of appropriatio n 66 a t his disposal ; with the machinery to be worked " by his own hands, with his satraps and depen " dents in every town and village, and with the " Civil Rights Bill following as an auxiliary In " connection with the other appliances of the G -0- " vernment, he could have proclaimed himself Mc " tator. But he desired to place all power in . the " hands of the people, and upon them he relied. " He disregarded the taunts and jeers of Congress " and of a subsidised calumniating press. He A C ; " knowledged no superior but God, the autho r " his existence, and the people of the United States' Such was the unreserved and outspoken statement 01 the President of the United States—a declara tion of open war against the Legislative Body—elected hY. the people ; and the still more extraordinary staterneneu that he could, had he willed it, have made himse l ! Dictator, and placed himself above the law, but that , he had been, and always intended to be, guided 14 the Constitution. The President is here repo rteu to have said that it would have been easy for Mal t i n have overthrown the Constitution of the Unite" States—that the question had been one of virtue,. alone on his part. IN e cannot but regard this stateine? as unfortunate, both imprudent in declaration and an exaggeration in fact. That he and Congr ess were at open war are facts which no one attempts to disguise ; but that the supreme power rested in the hands of Congress is undeniable. The POS I ; DENT has no power of adjourning or dissolving that body, but that body has the power of impeaeho,,,P and deposing him. The President spoke as if 11'" orders, though illegal, would have been implicitly obeyed. The great question whether the countrY supports the President or Congress has yet to decided. One or the other must give way. -I ';4 England this question would be speedily decid ed the dead-lock had occurred here. Parliames would be dissolved and an appeal made to the pe,, e- ple, and drat appeal would settle the difficulty vilt, out further controversy. In America, however, to!: appeal can only be worked out by the slow proco; of years. The present Congress must meet .1 December next, and there can be little alteration effected in the House of Representatives. Nelb year the 40th Congress will commence its existencie' but only enter on its Session in December, 1 86 The efforts, therefore, of the New Party ea e not tell on that body at once. In the S ena " , the difficulties of effecting a change are still gr eatei i; It can only be accomplished by working th rougi ci the Legislatures of the different States who On o the Senators to Washington. As the Senators are elected for four years, the process must l' i 3 slow and difficult. The battle, then, must be fought out between the President an d t present Republican Congress. But the N e i ,. Organisation has one trump card. great political revolution may occur in b e Northern States. The mass of the people maY come penetrated with the truth of the principles forth by the Philadelphia Convention, re posl.n o o faith in the honesty of the party ; and if the nat i° raises its voice in favour of the President's pol'al.. the opposition of Congress must cease. The tc j i dency of public opinion in the Union will be eager o f watched from this side, pending the settleinell_two this matter of overwhelming importance. earnestly hope that the nation will speak out, on e way or the other. When keenly aroused the Pel er arc the best judges of the position, and whatf may be English comment on the decision, we °the little doubt that the voice of the nation will b ode voice of wisdom, justice, concession, and In ration. COUNTRY MARKETS. - - WAKEFIELD..--FRIDAY. ;# h the The wot weather having seriously interbred vi'• - •J , harvest, new wheat is 3s and old 2s dearer than on ": 1.- last, with a fair business. No change in other articlee• LINCLN.—RIDAY. ftti Our market to-day was moderately supplied with w pre' and sales were effected at a rise of 3s per qr oil t he well vious week. Barley was a middling show, prices for must be quoted same as last week. r 36 New white wheat, 49s to 52s ; new red, 45s to 4 8 1 stone. Barley for malting, 37s to 40 s per qr ; gr 1 11 76 to 32s to 35s per 30 stone. Oats, 25s to 335. Beaus' 51s per 38 stone. LIVERPOOL.—FItIDAY. We had a good attendance at our market to-dal o 9 wheat met a good demand at an advanc e of 3d to -04 red and 2d per rental on white since Tuesday. F l °T r . i ners firm at is more money. Oats una ltered. Oatmeal fi ot and 6,1 dearer. Beans steady. Indian corn rather e 3 to purchase. DERBY—FRIDAY. scit e ! A middling supply of wheat, which met with an " 40 a1 ,,, , vs calve OOP demand, prices being 3s to 4s higher. Barleys 0 1, to hand, and were in good request at previous rates. unchanged. Beans rather a heavy trade. r go New white wheat 503 to 53s ; old red, 50s to 539 . 1 fiat stone. Barley for malting, 36s to 42s per qr. ; os„t c . , 37s to 38s per 30 stone. Oats, new, 27s to 2 9 5; o ld ' t' 34s per 21 stone. Beans, old, 50s to 525; now, 4 -"' per 38 stone. S T AMF ORD—FRIDAY. t 14 ' A fair supply of wheat, which sold at 3s upon A 5-° Barley a tolerable show, and unchanged in value. at recent rates. Beans steady. Qs Pl . New white wheat, 48s to 525; red do., 451 "; to stone. Barloy, malting, 36s to 40s ; grinding, stol i " per qr. Oats, new, 24s to 28s ; old, 28s to 32s per 0 Beans, 48s to 50s per 38 stone. Peas as of late. • Births. f 41 BLUNDELL —0 n the sth inst., at 10, Stratton-stree-103 dilly, the wife of the Rev. T. B. H. Blundell, of , Rectory, of a daughter. :fp, of G HARnisoN —On the 2d inst., at Sydenham. the I" - e Harrison, Esq., of a son. flesX 6 til SurroN—On the sth inst., at Benham Park, ,„ wife of Richard Sutton, Esq., of a daughter. Of' -OnVENNEIL- the sth inst., at 42, Gloucester-0'5;10;V n park, the wife of F. T. S. Venner, Esq., of a dtl t ty, "" BLUNT— On the 27th July, at Ahmednuggur, c . `" . t wife of Major A. Blunt, R.H.A., of a son. GiVOY AI EESWORTII —On the 7th inst., at Victoria-road, - the wife of Robert Ebsworth, Esq., of a s on. eo, 0 GREGORY— 0 n the 7th inst., at Beavrell, Huret-gr° • t o et wife of G. B. Gregory, Esq., of a son. f 11. i i° PAINTER On the 6th inst., at renge, the riff) °- Esq., of a son. A Marriages. s ria A " BAINBRIDGE—WEDDALL--0 1 1 the (th inst., at - t i , f Ly -,' s ,J, Carlton, H. C. Bainbridge Capt. 11.3120 Ru sse ll-,,P l i 0 , Corps, eldest son of Henry Bainbridge , a o f Li-' Kensington Esq., to Annie, younger daughter «, M. Weddell, Esq., of Westbank, Carlton. liv r" I, c „gel NEWTON—STORES — On the 6th inst., at the Parl e :Gol.„ , 4 Doncaster, the Rev. Horace Newton, St. J .. .,0 1313 ,; t 00 ::, Cambridge, youngest son of the lateWra•r4e,. s ' "' 11 0' of Barrells Park, Warwickshire to Fr 3ll— fA l youngest daughter of the late iobort Stomas, Doncaster. Deaths. , 1 4° ' ARMORY— On the 3d inst., at his London reeretT111;1111 9, Sussex-place, Hyde-ptrk-gardens, after a su i e " la John Ashburjr, Esq., of Manchester aud Loaueiltioa'y, 61st year. Friends will kindly accept this iatieles. Buses—On the sth inst., at 55, York-terrace, neg e :O. ,„1 , Harold, the eldest son of Col. R. Y. Bush, ag e- 1 . 11 0 ',F 0 6 BROUGHTON—On the 4th inst., at tbo Royal 1414°410r' tal, llaslar, Thomas D. Broughton, Lieut. IteY i - 0 0r ..( 5 ' i .• 4 LI., son of Col. W. D. Biaughton, Royal fls-il i, '' l' f I.r- , 4, 4 ' CLERK—On tho ith inst ,at 118, Eaton-adil` Anne, wife of tho Right Hon. Sir George C lls Penicuik, N.B. ca t- DUTTON—On the 6th inst., at St. Petersburg, d . _ o p Dutton, of 26, Beaufoy-terrace, St. John's-W°, soll' FELD—On the sth inst., at Fcldenstein, Richrao%. ~i, John L. F. Casimir, Count Do La, Feld, tie d ~,' e , f r''' FRANCILLON—On the 3d inst., at Lansanuel J 9 cillon, Esq., County Court Judge. Cleric/ 4 -- -- ---.-2--.*--°....--' " - - _ A I f AtiVelo.lo; London : Printed and Published by WILLIO-- .- s ,, 1 ,- , le of No. 112, Strand, Painter, at THE Sun tills Strand, in the Prcoinet of the Savoy , in t be Bliddlerea.—Saturday, September 8, ISM O NI 1 tert a i ni After there. ,_,____ 1. ( 1/ This Dublin It i s som e. Sold by the Whole s 8, G ( )bac " Kin., 14, R ,. Pr o '', fre e on Tl. abis fog foi par WE; ] Jew, ?AN A Ivan, a Trinid• Calif o; On Ravin; Cud J Or pa ss Rote] 1 / I . o llrbe ' Aerieg 8 , AI INE P:)M P leave I as folic NAI VIL PEE ST. EIJI] Dc D( ' Fare Particu 8 , A rfl-11 Cani s tE TIIE to H . 31 4n d oth For gt llr I°,l nd o ut. the London C° ri , bAy`; they ' w willin z Vorts t Nro of