The Sun. — London, England, 1865-11-30 00:00:00

DR. IJE JONGU'S (Knight of the Order of Leopold of Belgium) LIGHT -BROWN COD LIVER OIL, prescribed as the most effectual remedy for CONSUMPTION. DISEASES OF TY. RE CHEST, and GENERAL DEBIL ITY. Universally recognised by the highest medical authorities TO BE THE ONLY COD LIVER OIL invariably pure, uniformly excellent, PALATABLE. AND EASILY TAKEN. Sold only in capsuled Imperial Half-pints, 2s. 6d. ; Pints 4s. 9d. ; Quarts, 9a, ; by respectable Chemists. Sole Consignees, ANSAR HARFORD, and CO., 77, Strand, London, W.C. R OYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. (Opera Company, Limited.) Last Week but Two of L'Africaine. THIS EVENING will be performed Meyerbeer's Grand Opera, L'AFRICAINE. MISS Louisa Pyne, Madame Lem mens-Sherrington, and Mrs. A. Cook ; Mesrs. Alberto Lawrence, Henry Corrl, A. Cook, E. Dussek, J. s G. Patey, C. Lyall, and Charles Adams. Conductor, Mr. Alfred Mellon. Acting 3lanagcr, Mr. E. Murray. Stage Manager, Mr, W. West. Commence at a quarter to 8. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. - 1l Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with Shakspere's Tragedy of G JOHN: Messrs. Phelps, James Anderson, T. Swinbourne, Raynor. G. Belmore, E. Phelps, C. Harcourt ; Miss Atkinson, Mrs. H. Vandenhoff, Mrs. Hodson, Sze. After which, GALWAY-GO - BRAGH ; or, Love. Fun, and Fighting : Messrs. Edmund Falconer, F. 13arsby, C. Harcourt ; Misses Hazlewood, E. Falconer, nose Leclerc l Commence at 7. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.— Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, THE OVERLAND Comp E: Messrs Chas. Mathews, Buckstone , Chippendale, Compton. Rog re, Clark, Gordon, Braid, Coe, la. ; Messdames Mathews, Snow de)), Hill. Wright, C o leman. Lovell, Am COCK ROBIN? To be followed by WHO KILLED Mr. Chippendale, Mr. C. M a thews ; Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Fitzwilliam. 10. Concluding' with THE BALLET. Messrs. Arthur and Charles Leclercq. Miss Fanny A right, Miss C. Adams, and the Corps de Ballet. Commence at Seven. OYAL LYCEUM T EIEAT.RE.- xl„ Under the sole Management of Mr. Fechter. THIS EVENING, at Seven o'clock, THE DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. Mr. and Mrs. Horsman. After which, at 8, a New Drama, entitled THE WATCH CRT. Mr Fechter, supported by _Messrs. H. Widaicombe, 8. Emery, C. Horsman, R.aymond, Fitzpatrick, Clifford. and Miss Elsworthy. - To conclude with the Farce of NURSEY CHICKWEED. Messrs. H. Widdicomb, Raymond, Moreland; Mrs. Lee and Misa Lavenu. Box Office open daily from Eleven till Five. Acting Manager, H. Barnett. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, GOOD FOR NOTHING. Mrs Alfred Mellon and Mr. Felix Rogers. After which, at 8, RIP VAN WINKLE. Rip (his 76th appearance), Mr. Jefferson, supported by Messrs. Billington, P. Bedford, It Phillips, k'elix Rogers, Ashley, Eburne, C. J. Smith; Mrs. Billingtor, &c. To cpnclude, at half-pagt 10, with THE WIDOW'S VICTIM. Messrs. Bibington, Felix Rogers, Ashley; Miss Godsell, Miss Seaman, and Miss Jenny Wilimore. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, QUIET LODGINGS. After which, at a quarter to Eight,Mes IT IS NEVER TOO LATE TO MEND. character s by srs. Vining E , T. Mel ville, T. Mead, D. Murray. S. Cs.thaem, F. Villiers, J. G. Shore, G. Murray, H. Mellon, C. Seyton, R. Cathcart ; Nis L. Moore and Miss Katherine Rodgers. ROYAL S'IRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress, Mrs swanborough. THIS EVENING, at Seven. NOTHING VENTURE NUT RING WIN. Alter which will be produced a new Opera Burlesque, L'AFRICAINE ; or, The Queen of the Cannibal Islan is : Messrs. Stoyle, James, Thorne ; Mesdames Swanborough, ltaynham, Johnstone, t:o To corclude with MRS. GREEN,S SNUG BUSINESS. GRATIS AND POST FREE. 11 MOSES and SONS' List of rrices, with Fashion Card, for the present Season. MOSES AND SON • respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest fabrics are ^,ombined with the latest and most fashionable designs, and the best workmanship. E. 21OSES and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their lousiness, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices are such as must satiety the most economical. This depart ment is in a oistinot part of the premises, which will be found a great convenience for ladies and children. MOSES AND SON ~/• respectfully invite public attention to their large and well-assurted WINTER STOCK. 7 , 1 MOSES AND SON'S •"SANDRINGRAIii" and " DAN ISII " WRAPPER :intioduced by them) is the newest and most lashion‘b.e style of Overcoats for the season. ~MOSES AND SON'S • READY-MADE and BESPOKE CLOTHINLI for all classes and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S E• CELEBBAT.ED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, irom 30e. p MOSES AND Niu• HOSIERY and DRAPERY, for all classes and all ages. S 0 N'S "lp MOSES AND SON'S ,jUA • HATS AND CAPS, fur all classes and all ages. E. MOSES AND SO N ' S BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S • OUTFI TS. for ail classes, all ages, and all climates. V MOSES AND SON'S ■`J• LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 156, 157, Minories; 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, Aldgate ; 506, 507, 508, New Oxford—street ; 1,2, 3, Bart-street; 137, 138, Tottenham-eourt-road ; 288, Euston-road. Also, Bradford, Yorkshire. MOSES AND SON'S 11 • Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until 11 o'clock. All articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article nut apprJvcci of will be exchanged, or the money returned. List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, " The Philosophy of Dress," gratis and post free. /11HE LAST EDITION OF ,4 THE SUN," Containing the Latest SPOUTING INTNLLILINACC. ,, fan be had every Nvening of G. R. GLIGNIE, Nzwe AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN" supplied, as soon as published every Evening, by W. ALEXANDER (late BROOKS), Newspaper Agent, a, Old Cavendish-rtreet, Oxford-street. T HE LAST EDITION of " THE SUN " p lied as soo n as Published, conta i n i ng a ll the LA TES su pp lied and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by H. W. lIAKRIS, Newspaper Agent, 4, Blacktriars-road, London, S. THELAI 'ST EDITION o f " THE SUN." J. HOMERS begs to intorrn his friends, and the publics generally, that he supplies the I.AThsT EDITION 01 " THE SUN as soou as published —No. 16, Ilampstead " road, N.W. HIGH. WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tins DAY. --Morning, 11h. 46m.—Afternoon, h. m. '.Co-Moußow.-Morning, 12h. 12m.--Afternoon, 12h. 40m. >ll/t LONDON, THURSDAY, NOV. 30, 1865. The dispute between Spain and Chili threatens to amount to a very serious business unless England is Prepared to take prompt and decided measures to moderate the pretensions of the Cabinet of Madrid. We are now in possession of tho full text of the Spanish Circular Note, and as it is the advocate's pleading on his own side, we may naturally suppose that it sets forward the most favourable side of the Spanish case. There will be very little difference of opinion in this country respecting it, those who are personally interested in the Chilian trade and those who are entirely u neon cernal lookers-onbeing equally certain to declare the Spanish demands to be based upon frivolous and vexatious pretexts, the Spanish acts, precipitate and unwarrantable, and the whole affair manifestly got up for the purposes extor- So far from the Spanish tion and aggression. Government escaping from the difficulty iin which it had placed itself, by disavowing the acts of Ad miral PAREJA, or at least declaring that he bad ex ceeded his instructions, Senor CAErno recapitulates the - whole of the frivolous story, and emphatically declared that his Government is entirely fret) from blame, and will not be answerable for tiler come' quences of Chili= obstinacy. "We find ourselves," he says, " above every charge of precipitation in our manner of proceeding ; we are exempt from all accusation of want of frankness and sincerity ; and we are, lastly, free from all responsibility as to the eventualities which may arise from an enmity as unjust as it is inexplicable, and from an incompre hensible obstinacy which refuses all agreement and conciliation." If these words were uttered by the Chilian Minister they might be appropriate enough, excepting that the needs of the Spanish Exchequer and the extortionate demands on Peru render the conduct of Spain not altogether inexplicable. The same story is told in the Spanish note, the same ac cusations reiterated against Chili, which may be summed up in a few words. After the seizure of the Chincha Islands by Spain, public meetings were held in Valparaiso to denounce the outrageous proceeding. A mob passed the Spanish Consulate, and threatened to pull down the flag, which they were deterred from doing by some by standers. A Chilian newspaper had used strong Language in denouncing the Spanish aggression on Peru. A Peruvian vessel, before the declaration of war, was allowed to enlist for its crew in a Chilian port, and finally the Chilian Government, after hos- tilities had begun, declared coal to be contraband of war, and forbade its supply to either belligerent. To sum up, the offences of the Chilian Government are permitting free speech, a free press, not antici- - - pating a declaration of war, and in preserving neutrality during the dispute with Peru. . _ sympathies of the Chilian people were no doubt strongly enlisted on the side of the sister Republic, but the only direct act that can be charged against the Executive is a negative one, which was clearly within the province of a neutral Government. The grounds of offence being thus trivial, the line of conduct adopted by the Spanish Admiral was extra vagant in the. extreme. Had the cause of complaint been really serious and national, the course pursued by Admiral PAREJA would have been unnecessarily harsh and arrogant. The brief interval allowed for consideration, the terms in which the Spanish demands were couched, the humiliation demanded from the Republic, the extreme measures adopted, the disregarding the diplomatic protest—all indi cated a pre-arranged plan to extort, if possible, from Chili the same humiliating sacrifices that had been exacted from Peru. Fortunately, the aggressor encountered in Chili a Government and a people of another and a more resolute temper, and with a unanimity which obliterated for the time all political differences and party divisions. The Chilian people rallied round their Government and defied the threats, while they refused to submit to the humiliating and extortionate demands, of Spain. The Government of Chili has shown courage and resource, and by the immediate removal of the Customs dues and the arrangements for internal traffic has endeavoured as far as possible to mitigate the effect on Chilian commerce. But the mischief done is, of course, very great. Valparaiso, the great bead-quarters for the trade of the Pacific coast, is now comparatively deserted, trade is at a stand-still, and gold has completely disappeared from circulation. The evil done as yet is only negative, but the threatened bombardment of Valparaiso is a different matter, and should the Spaniards persist in such an unwarrantable act of aggression the consequences will be serious enough. The chief injury which Chili can inflict upon Spain will be by means of attacks upon her commerce. The escape of the Esmeralda, fully armed and equipped, encourages the idea that such a movement was intended by the Chilian autho rities, and should they succeed in getting Ameri can vessels to ply the same trade Spanish com merce will suffer severely. The chief point for consideration now is the course which should be adopted by our own Government in such an emergency, for on the conduct of the neutral Powers the fate of Chili, in fact, principally rests. It is very well for Spain to boast about her national dignity and the impossibility of concession ; but if England, France, and America chose to unite in their representations, she will very soon find it advisable to reconsider the situation. But England need wait for the decision of no other nation in a matter of this kind. It is a simple case of unprovoked attack by the strong upon the weak, for Spain is compara tively strong as regards the South American Re publics. English commercial interests are also deeply involved, though that consideration, rightly or wrongly, did not influence us with regard to the American Civil War. It would be a disgraceful thing if England suffers an independent and thriving Republic to be sacrificed to the greed or ambition of Spain after having shown by the experience of fifty years that it can administer its own affairs with prudence, ability, and success. If Spain be allowed now to coerce Chili there will be no more real safety or independence for any of the Republics. A system of extortion and tribute will be kept up, which will im poverish the Republics and cripple their energies. There is reason to hope, from the line already adopted by Earl RUSSELL, that he will not be re miss in coming to the assistance of the oppressed State, but we hope he will not suffer himself to be deluded by smooth promises at Madrid, while all the time in the other hemisphere the Spanish fleet s bombarding Valparaiso. Accoling to recent accounts it does not seem that the policy laid down by Austria is in a very flourishing condition, or that the Imperial Govern ment will be able to realise its expectations. The EMPEROR is to proceed to Pesth, and open the Hun garian Diet in person, which is no doubt considered a very dexterous design, bat which, in all probability, will not be of much avail. In the long run all the partiescon andcerned will most likely find out that they have been m a d e t oo l s o f, to suit the purposes of statecraft, consti tutional that national rights and ges privilege s have been tampered with, in order to g a i n t i me and to carry opportunities to the autho ritiesout their schemes. The Diet of Croatia has, we learn, rejected the proposition to send an address of thanks to the EMPEROR for This is significant eso e enough, g the h , th e September Patent. in all conscience, and must be recognised Government whether they acknowledge it or not. The proposal of Count AUERSPERG, which declared the September Patent to be in contradiction to the ecnstitution, was agreed to, which is another notable commentary on the conduct of affairs. This course has been considered of so much importance that a Council of Ministers has been held to deliberate upon the recent proceedings in the Croatian Diet. No doubt the Government will have enough, and more than enough, to do in meeting the demands that will be made upon it by these vexatious ob stacles, and they are likely to be numerous enough. The Diet of Istria has proved an exception to what may be termed the rule with re spect to the practice of the Diets, for it has agreed to a vote of thanks to the EMPEROR for the September Patent. The com- mittee on the Constitution in the Provincial Diet of Styria will, it is said, propose an address to the E3IPEROR in opposition to the September Patent. Therefore it may be safely inferred that a decided opposition will be made to the extraordinary plan THE SUN, LONDON, THipIiSD.AN EVENING, NOVEMBER 30, 1865. proposed by the Imperial Government, and that they will have to modify their schemes if they do not altogether change them. Unless some compro mise or other be made, it is difficult to see how affairs are to be carrried on with any degree of suc cess. This is not a time when Austria can afford to trifle with the wishes and offend the prejudices of the several States under her dominion, and with one thing and another it must be admitted that at pre sent affairs are very unpropitious. Surely there was quite enough on hand with the dispute concerning the Duchies, and other matters at home, without the Imperial Government recklessly plunging into fresh difficulties, and entering upon a struggle of which no one can see the end. It is difficult to calculate all the evils that arise from the late cattle plague, but foremost among them must certainly be ranked the sale of diseased meat. Yesterday this matter was brought under notice at a meeting of the City Commissioners of Sewers, and Dr. LETHEBY, the medical officer of health for the City, called the attention of the Court to the nefarious habit which now rapidly increases, of sending the " carcases of bullocks affected with the prevailing cattle disease to the markets for sale as human food." A more scandalous practice could not be resorted to, and no language is too strong to denounce such a course, which, at the present time especially, is most criminal. It is dreadful to contemplate the injuries that arise from habit, and those who are not informed in Bush mat ters will be shocked to find, from Dr. LETHEBY'S account, to what an extent it is practised. Last week there were 128 quarters of beef, which weighed nearly 8,5001 b., condemned in the Citymarkets, and most of it was from animals affected with the cattle plague. It stands to sense that such a system must be most pernicious in every respect, and, as Dr. LETHEBY truly remarked, the evil is not con fined to the sale of this meat as human food, but we must take into account the harm occasioned by the propagation of the disease in all the places through which it passes on its way to the market. Some of the carcases con demned last week were brought from Scotland, and, of course the risk of contagion is greatly increased in such instances. Care has been taken to find out who are the guilty parties, and it is stated that many of the carcases which came from Scotland have been traced to one person, who " consigned them to different salesmen, and in different names." This shows the devices to which people resort in order to gain their point, and too much care cannot be taken to guard against their despicable tricks and ex traordinary manoeuvres. Dr. LETHEBY very wisely advised that investigation should be made, with a view to legal proceedings, in a case where information was sent to the LORD MAYOR in a letter, stating that a person from Spalding, in Lincolnshire, had sent eight quarters of diseased beef. The Court passed a resolution directing that the necessary legal proceedings be instituted in two cases referred to, and also it was determined that a copy of the report of Dr. LETHEBY should be for warded to the Lords of the Privy Council. This is very satisfactory so far as it goes, because in the present state of things too much cannot possibly be done to guard against the evils which menace us. It must be borne in mind that this sale of diseased meat here referred to is over and above the ordinary traffic that takes place in meat that is unfit for food without being infected, so that all the vigilance that can possibly be exercised will not prove too much to meet the emergency. It is to be hoped that with active exertions the iniquitous practice may be diminished, but it is not likely that it will be entirely checked, for there are some people who are so avaricious and unprincipled that they trade on calamity, or care nothing for the mischief and misery that they thus inflict upon others. Eaymaiket Theatre. The performances at this favourite theatre con tinue to attract large and fashionable audiences, and although the " Overland Mail" is merely a revival, the enthusiasm with which it is received is quite equal to that accorded on its first per formance. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mathews infuse all their spirit into their respective parts ; and Mr. Buckstone, if anything, makes Mr. Lovibond more than usually humorous and laughter provoking. Mr. Compton and Mr. Chippendale well maintained their reputation. The farce of " Who Killed Cock Robin ?" goes amazingly, and from the success of the performances now being given we do not anticipate there will be any change before the Christmas holidays. Prince of Wales's Theatre. This delightful little theatre, at which the fasci nating Marie Wilton reigns supreme, is now nightly honoured with a brilliant and fashionable audience. The entertainments are of a description that well merit the high patronage they receive, placed as they are upon the stage with the most unexceptionable taste. Mr. Robertson's sprightly comedietta, " So ciety," just fits the company to the greatest nicety, and the laughter it calls forth increases every time of its performance. The fair and talented manageress, as Maud Hetherington, acts with all her singular grace and feeling. Mr. Bancroft, as Sydney Daryl, the author, is exceedingly good, and Mr. Dewar, as Tom Styles, is the embodi ment of good temper, good humour, and good feeling. Mr. Clarke, as the younger Chudd, acts with his accustomed vigour, and Mr. Ray, one of the best " old men" on the stage, is the very type of a rich and over-indulgent father. The brilliant burlesque of " Lucia de Lammermoor" still holds its place in the bills, and doubtless it will do so for some time to come, as it is one of the neatest and most sparkling burlesques we ever have had the pleasure of sitting out the second time. National Choral Society. Last evening Haydn's magnificent oratorio " The Creation" was given by the members of this society, with the grandest effect. The founder of the society, Mr. G. W. Martin, conducted the immense body of choristers and instrumentalists ; and never, even in this now celebrated place for the performance of sacred music, has a finer performance taken place. The soloists were Mr. Santley, Mr. Leigh Wilson, and Miss Louisa Pyne, each of whom sang the music allotted to their respective parts with fine effect. The novel feature of the performance last evening was the second appearance of Mr. Leigh Wilson, the new tenor, and we at once say that he more than realised the high expectations formed of him i enraptured ri l ea on his debut a short time ago in " Elijah." The celebrated air, "In native worth," was e x e cuted with great skill, and gave ample opportunity for t he ot s ut p hr l ee a rcyl pieces, and is , fine insistedNn eovwooivncaent. the The vanish," and a beingnd,o , audienceh a were repeated. ppy pair," were very finely sung. Miss Pyne, it is almost needless to say, sung her part with great power ; but we must just single out one piece, "With verdure clad," which she rendered with marvellous power. Mr. Sant ley sang his part, as he alone can sing, " Rolling in foaming billows," and " Now heaven in fullest glory shone," eliciting the greatest applause. The chorus. And band were beyond praise, and well may Mr. Martin feel a glow of pride when the hall fairly echoes with the applause that invariably follows the exertions of his talented choir. We, there fore, briefly sum up our praises, and sa y the glorious choruses of Haydn were given in a manner every way worthy of the composer, and that in the National Choral Society we have a =Weal boat of unparalleled ability. LA TEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) AMERICA. SOUTHAMPTON, Nov. 30. The North German Lloyd's steamship America, from New York on the 18th instant, passed the Needles at 6.5 a.m. to-day. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, Nov. 29. The Diet of Canal°la has voted an address in opposition to the September Patent. The announcement that the Diet of Croatia had voted an address thanking the Emperor for this Patent was premature. THE BOMBAY MAIL ALEXANDRIA, Nov. 28. The Ripon and Syria left here at 4 p.m. yesterday. The former may be expected at Marseilles on the 3d, and the latter at Southampton about the 10th December. Outward mail of 12-18 November. The Orissa left Suez for Bombay at 6.30 a.m.:to day (28th). CALCUTTA AND CHINA (HEAVY) MAILS. GIBRALTAR, Nov. 27. The Nyanza left here at 4 p.m. to-day for South ampton, where she may be expected about the 2d December. FRANCE. COUNT VON BISMARK'S VISIT. PARIS, Nov. 30. The Constitutionnel of this morning, in an article signed by its chief editor, M. Paulin Limayrac, re specting the comments made by some journals upon the recent visit of Count von Dismark to France, says : -- " The Prussian Prime Minister, during his inter views with the Emperor and M. Drouyn Lhuys, naturally spoke of politics, but he confined himself to remarks of a general character, and was far from endeavouring to lead France into hazardous com binations which might endanger the peace of Europe. Count von Bismark displayed great dis cretion and the most perfect courtesy in the steps he took while in France." BOURSE, Nov. 29.—Two o'Clock.—The market is again dull to-day, and quotations show a frac tional decline. Three per Cents. are •doing at 68f. 47ic., and Italian Fives 64f. 92f c. Credit Mobilier Shares have receded 2f. 50c. Spanish Mobilier If. 25c. Lyons sf. North of Spain If. 25c. Lom bard Railway Shares continue to gain favour, and again show an advance of sf.—at 405 f. Saragossa are neglected at a decline of 5f., the quotation being 191 f. 25c. Mexican obligations, 6 per cent., have advanced to 332 f. 50c. The premium on the obligations of the new Austrian Loan has gone up to If. 50c. Three o'clock. The market left off as follows: it Cents Roman Ottoman Fives ....•• Mexican Loan 5O Do. Bonds 332 50 Russian — Austrian STanish Threes Rome Debt Deferred Do. end month — 3 per Cents. 6B 50 Do. end month 6B 45 Credit Mobilier B7O Do. end month 867 50 Bank Shares — Credit Foncier 1320 Italian Loan — Do. end month 64 92 'NYS. Cash. Acct. ... 821 - - ... 1100 Orleans Northern Lyons and Mediterranean Southern Western Eastern Sardinian, Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona Roman - ~. 825 - - ... 565 - _ - ... 538 - - ... 517 - - ... 206 - - ... 418 - - - 405 , - ... 162 - ... 195 - - - ... 150 - SPAIN AND CHILI. NOTE OF SENOR CASTRO TO THE SPANISH AMBASSADOR IN PARIS. MADRID, Oct. 27. Senor Castro, Minister for Foreign Affairs, has addressed a note, dated 23d inst., to the Spanish Ambassader at Paris, replying to the arguments brought forward by the Chilian Minister in the French capital in support of the course adopted by Chili towards Spain. After recapitulating the grievances of the Spanish Government against the Republic, the Minister says : "The argument sought to be used against Admiral Pareja, and, consequently, against her Majesty's Government, that the Admiral had not negotiated according to the terms of his full powers, has not the slightest foundation. Full powers never con tain the instructions which a Government gives to its agents for the settlement of any matter. They are the credentials serving to attest his character and secure him attention from the Government to which he is sent. But they never mention the in structions by which his conduct is to be regulated, and which it is not customary to make public. " The full powers sent to Admiral Pareja con sist of nothing but a document drawn up in the same form as all of its class, authorising him to ne gociate, but not stating the form o f those negocia tions, nor the time or occasion for prosecuting them. These full powers enabled himto commence negocia tions, and despatch his note of the 17th Sept. They will perhaps serve him till further, when, having ob tained the reparation to which we are entitled, peace may be concluded, and an arrangement made. The full powers, in fact, were necessary, from every point of view. They specify all the general cases upon which a plenipotentiary should be authorised, but they should not be confounded with the instruc tions given by the Government to their agents in certain and determined circumstances like the pre sent, nor even in the ordinary cases of a permanent friendly mission. " Into this strange and lamentable error, however, the individuals composing the resident Diplomatic Corps at Santiago have fallen. Instead of simply using their good offices, they addressed themselves to Admiral Pareja to intimate or point out what was prescribed to him by his powers, interpreting them erroneously, as if they were his instructions, whereof the Admiral alone could be the judge ; and similarly when they subsequently again ad dressed the Spanish Plenipotentiary, it was not to offer their mediation or good offices, but to enter upon the merits of the question, judging and qua lifying it in a manner that appeared partial and favourable to Chili, and repeating the protests they had already made. " Far be it from me to censure the conduct of the Diplomatic Corpsresident in Chili; yet I cannot but believe that, doubtlessly with the best intentions, they adopted a course not the best calculated to at tain the laudable end they had in view. Entirely setting aside the terms of the communications ad dressed to Admiral Pareja, and taking it for granted that their object was to offer mediation or good offices, it cannot be ignored that the Diplomatic Corps allowed the favourable opportunity to escape them by sending their first communication on the 22d, that is to say, 24 hours after Admiral Pareja received the reply of Senor Covarrubias, finally and peremp torily refusing any sort of explanation. And still later, on the 24th inst., when the blockade had already been declared, instead of proffering their good offices and negociating with the Chilian Go vernment, they were almost exclusively occupied in analysing the notes exchanged between the Admiral and Senor Covarrubias, in a manner that, as I have already said, appears partial and favourable to Chili, but which did not at least conduce to the noble object by which they were actuated. " The diplomatic body had then had more than the time necessary to interpose its good offices. The disapproval by the Queen's Government of the arrangement concluded by Senor Tavira, and the approaching arrival of the new Plenipotentiary with his squadron were known as early as the 12th Sep tember at Santiago. The instructions given to the latter by the Queen's Government, in the presump tion that the diplomatic body would visit him upon his arrival at Valparaiso, desired him to engage in conference with that body, and interest it, so far as his dignity would permit, in a prompt and pacific arrangement. This presumption was deceived ; none of the members of the diplomatic body thought pro- per to visit Admiral Pareja, neither upon his arrival nor during the four days which elapsed between the 17th and the 21st, the respective dates of his note and of the reply. If that had taken place—if, at least, the diplomatic body had offered in writing to employ its good offices at a useful time and oppor tunity, i.e., before the refusal of Chili on the 21st— I can confidently assure you that Admiral Pareja would have facilitated an arrangement by every means in his power, for such was his wish and that of the Spanish Government. Two favourable op portunities were therefore lost; the first before he forwarded his note on the 17th upon arriving at Valparaiso ; the second before the peremptory re fusal of Senor Minister Covarrubias had been re ceived. All that was done afterwards was, perforce, tardy and inopportune, even looking away from the form and matter of the communications. The de duction may be clearly drawn that if, inspired be so laudable a desire, the foreign diplomatic body had profited by these two propitious occasions, it is very probable that the disadvantages com merce is now suffering might have been avoided, and which we are sincerely the first to deplore. " All these explanations—those contained in the circular of this date, and the text of the annexed documents (already published), contained in to day's Gazette, will supply your Excellency with suf ficient data to rectify the facts, and bring back to its veritable bearings that public opinion which has been led astray either by political (tames, or by the material interests which find themselves injured. N, .o one can deplore more sincerely than the Go vernment of the Queen the disadvantages which may be suffered by the subjects of friendly and allied nations which maintain close commercial relations with Chili. A striking testimony to the solicitude it feels upon their account is afforded by the text of the instructions given to Admiral Pareja, in case hostilities should occur. But, at the same time, no one can be blind to the fact that right is on our side, and that now, when unfortunately eventualities such as those in which we are at present engaged towards the said Repub lic hare come to pass, no Government can take into account, otherwise than by lamenting and averting it so far as possible the damage which may be caused to the commerce of foreign nations. We have frequent examples of blockades which have been prolonged for months, and even for years, during which commerce has had to suffer incalcul able injury ; and, in the present case, no Govern ment can be surprised at the measure adopted by the Government of the Queen, which has preferred this preliminary act of blockade to more serious hostile acts, en tailing the destruction of property and the effusion of blood ; which constitutes an additional proof of the moderation, desire for peace, and conciliation which have always animated, and still animate, the Cabinet of Madrid. " These considerations cause us to hope that the Governments whose subjects may more directly suffer in their interests owing to the paralysation of commerce, penetrated with the justice and right which are upon our side, will exert their influence with Chili no longer to refuse us the moderate satis faction we ask from her for the numerous and re peated insults she has offered to a nation which has always admired her and treated her as a friend and an ally ; and we entertain that hope with the greater reason because the satisfaction we ask contains nothing undignified or humiliating. " I authorise your Excellency to read this de spatch to the Minister for Foreign Affairs, and to Senor Rosales, the Chilian Minister, in answer to the animated observations he addressed to you at the conference mentioned in your Excellency's de spatch of the 19th, to which I have had the honour to reply. " God preserve your Excellency many years. (Signed) "M. BERMUDEZ DE CASTRO." Dr. Pusey on his Hopes of Reunion. ....---- Dr. Pusey has addressed the following letter to the editor of the Weekly Register : " Christ Church, Oxford, Nov. 22. " Sir, --I thank you with all my heart for your kind-hearted and appreciative review of my Eireni con.' I am thankfal that you have brought out the main drift and objects of it, what, in my mind underlies the whole, to show that, in my conviction, there is no insurmountable obstacle to union of (you will forgive the terms, though you must reject them) the Roman, Greek, and Anglican communions. I have long been convinced that there is nothing in the Council of Trent which could not be explained satisfactorily to us, if it were explained authoritatively, i. e., by the Roman Church itself, not by individual theolo gians only. This involves the conviction on my side that there was nothing in our Articles which cannot be explained rightly, as not contradicting any things held to be de fide in the Roman Church. The great body of the faith is held alike by both ; on those subjects referred to in our Art. XXII., I believe (to use the language of a very eminent Italian nobleman), ' your [our] maximum and our [your] minimum might be found to harmonise.' " In regard to details of explanation, it was not my office, as being a priest only, invested with no authority, to draw them out. But I wished to in dicate their possibility. You are relatively under the same circumstances. But I believe that the hope which you have held out, that the authorities in the Roman communion might hold that 4 a re union on the principles of Bossuet would be better than a perpetuated schism,' will unlock many a pent-up longing, pent-up on the ground of the ap parent hopelessness that Rome would accord to the English Church any terms which it could accept. " May I add that nothing was further from my wish than to write anything which should be painful to those in your communion ? A defence, indeed, of necessity involves some blame; since, in a quarrel, the blame must be wholly on the one side or on the other, or divided; and a defence implies that it is not wholly on the side defended. But having smoothed down, as I believe, honestly, every diffi culty I could to my own people, I thought it would not be right towards them not to state where I con ceive the real difficulty to lie. Nor could your authorities meet our difficulties, unless they knew them. You will think it superfluous that I desired that none of this system, which is now matter of ' pious opinion,' should, like the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception, be made de fide. But, in the view of a hoped-for reunion, everything which you do affects us. Let me say, too, that I did not write as a reformer, but on the defensive. It is not for us to prescribe the Italians or Spaniards what they shall hold, or how they shall express their pious opinions. All which we wish is to have it made cer tain by authority that we should not, in case of re union, be obliged to hold them ourselves. Least of 'all did I think of imputing to any of the writers whom I quoted that they took from Our Lord any of the love which they gave to His Mother.' I was intent only on describing the system which I believe is the great obstacle to reunion. I had not the least thought of criticising holy men who held it. " As it is of moment that I should not be mis understood by my own people, let me add that I have not intended to express any opinion about a visible head of the Church. We readily recognise the primacy of the Bishop of Rome ; the bearings of that primacy upon other local Churches we believe to be matter of ecclesiastical, not of Divine law ; but neither is there anything in the supremacy in itself to which we should object. Our only fear is that it should,through the appointment of one bishop, involve the reception of that practical quasi-autho ritative system which is, I believe, alike the cause and (forgive me) the justification in our eyes of our remaining apart. "But although I intended to be on the defensive, I thank you most warmly for that tenderness which enabled you to see my aim and objects throughout a long and necessarily miscellaneous work. And I believe that the way in which you have treated this our bond fide endeavour to find a basis for reunion on the principle debated between Archbishop Wake and the Gallican divines two centuries ago' will, by rekindling hope, give a strong impulse towards that reunion. Despair is still. If hope is revived in the English mind that Christendom may again be united, rekindled hope will ascend in the more fervent prayer to Him who maketh men to be of one mind and one house,' and our prayers will not return unheard for want of love.—Your obedient servant, " E. B. PUSEY." UNHOUSED IN GLASGOW.---We learn that 24,480 persons will be turned out of their homes should the Glas gow Improvements bill be passed. This number &es not include a goodly population who will be removed by the proposed alterations of the twelve streets to be widened. No provision is to be made for the unlioused.— BuiWing News. The The Proposed Purchase of Railways by Government. This subject was introduced last night at the Society of Arts, Adelphi , (Lord Lyttelton in the chair) by Mr. W. Hawes, F.G.S., and chairman of the council. , giAt. Alger. 1 , " '4 , Cir , 61131 HER MAJESTY. WINDSOR CASTLE, Nov. 29. Their Royal Highnesses the Crown Prince and Princess of Prussia and her Royal Highness the Princess Helena honoured the performance of the Sacred Harmonic Society, Exeter-hall, with their presence last night, and afterwards returned to Windsor Castle. Baroness Dobeneck, Count Eulenburg, Colonel H. and the Hon. Mrs. Ponsonby, were in attend ance. The Queen, accompanied by the Crown Prince and Princess of Prussia, drove out this morning in a carriage and four, attended by Lord Charles Fitzroy. • Her Royal Highness the Princess Helena, at tended by the Hon. Mrs. Bruce, also drove out. The Queen held a Council to-day, at one o'clock, at which were present Earl Granville, Earl Russell, Earl Be Grey and Ripon, and the Right Hon. Sir George Grey. Mr. GOschen was introduced and sworn in a member of the Privy Council. Earl Russell and Earl Granville had audiences of the Queen. Mr. Helps was Clerk of the Council. Lord Methuen and the Hon. Mortimer Sackville West were the Lord and Groom in Waiting. The Prince and Princess of Wales. SANDRINGHAM, Wednesday. His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, with the Marquis Bowmont, General Hood, the Hon. T. De Grey, M.P., and Mr. W. Bagge, M.P., went out shooting yesterday in Mr. Villebois's pre serves, near the Hall, called the Shrubberies. Mr. Villebois was present throughout the day with his Royal and distinguished guests. His Royal Highness left Marham-house about 5 30, attended by Major Teesdale and accompanied by Mr. H. Villebois, to the Narborough station of the Lynn and Swaff ham Railway. Here a special train was in attendance, and his Royal Highness having entered it was conveyed to Wolferton, where his Royal Highness's private carriage was in waiting. The special was under the care of Mr. Sproul, dis trict superintendent. A large party arrived at Sandringham yesterday on a visit to the Prince and Princess of Wales, in cluding Lord Newry, Lord Dunmore, Viscount Royston, M.P., Capt. Park Lane, Hon. C. Car rington, &c. His Royal Highness having accepted the invitation of Lord and Lady Suffield to visit Gunton next week, it has been decided that their Royal Highnesses should go on Monday. His Royal Highness will post from East Dereham. At this flourishing little town a public meeting has been held, and subscrip tions are being raised for the purposes of decoration, so that a public reception may be given to their Royal Highness on the first occasion of their passing through this part of Norfolk. It is understood that his Royal Highness will shortly visit General Hall for a few days' shooting, and that the Earl and Countess. of Leicester are to be honoured with another royal visit immediately after Christmas. The attendance of members and visitors was numerous. The paper (a very lengthy one, which if printed in extenso would fill seven of our columns) controverted " the proposi tion that Government should purchase and take the management of the railways," and, taking the recent publications of Mr. Galt and Mr. Chadwick as " embodying all that can be said in its favour," was in fact a reply to those gentlemen. Mr. Hawes admitted that the present system " placed a limited monopoly for carrying passengers and merchandise in the hands of the railway companies, but that did not justify, on any ground of principle or expediency, the conversion of that into a huge monopoly managed by Government." The only instance that could be quoted to prove that under Government direction success had been achieved in the conduct of a large commercial establishment was the Post-office, but even in that case the administration of that depart- meat was extremely faulty. It was a political de partment presided over by a Cabinet Minister, and . _ it was notorious that the appointments in it were regularly sought for and given to the supporters of the political party in power—a mode of appointment certainly not to be desired for railway officials. Then, again, whatever amount of success it might be said to have achieved, could that have been done but for the active co-operation of the railway direc tors in the rapid conveyance and early delivery of the mails ? and indeed there was often less irregu larity in the time of transmission from London to Holyhead than in the conveyance of the bags from St. Martin's-le-Grand .to Euston-square ; and to argue that Government would have sufficient enter prise to make railways better than public companies, to make them, in many cases, before they appear to the general public, to be absolutely required, as was now done by those acquainted with each district, to anticipate a coming trade--or that without competi tion it would introduce improvements, or would manage them cheaper or better than at present, was to ignore all experience. In fact, to place our rail ways in the hands of Government would be to stop improvement for years to come, and to extinguish one great source of public enterprise—and it was hardly possible to see how improvements in such a vast machine could be made, if instead of a limited and divided monopoly, with sufficient competition for healthy action, it became one huge monopoly in the hands of the Government. Mr. GALT acknowledged the courtesy by which he had been invited to be present to hear and to re ply to the statements and arguments in answer to the proposition he had made with regard to railways, but complained that the whole paper was directed against the idea of Government management—a matter of detail, though no doubt a most important one, upon which he had not insisted. It might be supposed that there was in existence a Government scheme to take the management of the railways, but so far from that the Chancellor of the Exchequer, in reply to a suggestion made by Mr. Monsell last session that it might be desirable for a short time for the Government to take charge of the Irish railways, said "No, not for an hour, or under any circum stances." What he (Mr. Galt) proposed was simply this, that the railways having become the highways of the nation they ought not to be managed with a view only to put profits into the pockets of private individuals, but they ought to become the property of the State and managed with a view to the benefit of the public. If that were done he should expect to find one low uniform rate of charge per mile all over the kingdom, and that reduction might go to the extent of one-third of the present charges. The last time he was in that room-21 years ago—he read a paper advocating similar views, but the idea had latterly gained much ground. The municipal bodies were taking up the principle, and at Manches ter, for instance, the corporation had taken the sup ply of gas into its own hands. In London there were 13 gas companies, but he did not think the public were so very well satisfied with the result of this private competition. (Cheers.) It was high time the railway tariff should be rescued from the individual caprice or interests of private bodies, and arranged only with a view to the public benefit. Mr. F. HILL, of the General Post-office, denied that appointments in that department were made from political considerations. Not a single appoint ment of any importance was made out of the service itself, and the Postmaster himself could not intro duce a stranger unless he was prepared to report to the Treasury that there was not a single person in the department fit for the vacant office. In the country even the appointment of clerks and letter carriers was left with the local postmasters them selves. He admitted the courtesy and attention of the railway directors, but demurred entirely to the accuracy of the statement that the success of the Post-office was caused by the railways being the property of private companies. Mr. HAWKSHAW, E.C., did not not believe that any Government would ever do so unwise an act as to buy the railways on any such grounds as those set forth by Mr. Galt. It was often said by those who held that gentleman's views, that the cost of making railways in future would be less than for merly ; but that was a mistake. Every element which entered into the expense of making a railway —brick, stone, labour, and everything else—was higher than it was 20 years ago ; and how could railways be cheaper? The fact was that every year added to the capital of an old railway—increased traffic demanded further accommodation in stations and sidings and more rolling stock, all of which pro perly went to the capital account, and it was utterly futile to compare such a railway with one newly started. If the present management was bad—and he did not think it was—they could not help it, and Government could not make it better. The proper function of Government was to examine frequently into the management of the companies, and see that all proper care was taken for the safety, welfare, and convenience of the public. (Cheers.) Mr. STUART BARKER asked if the dockyards and other Government establishments would bear favour able comparison with the railways. Mr. CHADWICK, as one of the persons attacked by the paper of Mr. Hawes, moved the adjourn ment of the debate, in order that he might have an opportunity of replying, which was agreed to ; and the meeting separated. FRENCH WINES.—The movement in favour of the diminution of the customs duties upon French wines into England is becoming every day more decided. We have already shown the present tariff upon the light wines of France, especially when imported in bottle, is almost equivalent to a prohibition. It would be desirable that any modifications introduced into the tariff should be sufficiently great to be permanent. The French wines can only bear a very small duty on account of the expense of transit. This Mr. W. Ray Smee has ably proved in his pamphlet already copied into our columns.—L'lnter national. MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF ATLANTIC MUD. —A portion of the ooze or mud brought up from the bottom by the ropes and grapnels employed in the at tempts to raise the Atlantic telegraph cable after it had parted has been carefully examined with the microscope by Mr. Sidebotham, of Manchester. He describes the mud as looking like `dirty clay," and remarks that "under the microscope it reminds one much of chalk from Dover ; indeed it has all the appearance of ,being a bed of chalk in process of formation. It is composed entirely of organisms, chiefly in fragments." Mr. Sidebotham, aided by the mem bers of the Microscopical Section of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, proposos to compile a complete list of the species to which these organisms be lon g.—..lfechanics' Magazine. STRANGE SCENE IN A CHURCRIARD.—The other evening, between six and seven, a funeral party might have been seen gathered around a grave, in a church: yard not a hundred miles from Trowbridge, and a clergy man was performing the burial service by the light of a candle, which the sexton held in his hat. Now and then the nocturnal luminary went out, and the service was stopped while the official went and lit it again. Was this a self-murderer that was being committed to the earth in this manner ? No, the fact was the parson promised to meet the relatives of the deceased at the church at half-past three in the afternoon, and after waiting there till nearly six without seeing the slothful shepherd, they were obliged to send to an adjoining parish for another clergyman. The sexton said the parson was gone for a drive, and if he should not be back in time he would send somebody else. But he forgot all about it.—Bristol Post. The Opening of Parliament. It is stated, on what we believe to be good autho rity, that, her Majesty's health permitting—a cir cumstance of which there is happily no present reason to doubt—it is the gracious intention of the Queen to open the new Parliament in person. On every ground, public or private, we are quite -sure that this determination will be most gratifying to her Majesty's people. It is impossible to estimate too highly the reappearance of the Constitutional Sovereign, as taking part in the public affairs of the nation, under circumstances of bereavement and grief that have called forth the sympathies of all classes of her Majesty's subjects. Some few modifications will probably be made in he ceremonial hitherto usual on such occasions. • The Duchess of Somerset arrived at the Admi ralty yesterday from Bulstrode-park, Bucks. The Marquis de Almendares, with his family and suite, has arri7ed at the Hotel Memice, Paris. The Earl of Dunmore, who is visiting their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales, - at Sandring ham, is expected to leave to-morrow on a tour of visits. The Earl and Lady Constance Grosvenor are staying at Calverley-park, Cheshire. Lord and Lady Elcho and family are expected at their residence in St. James's-place early in the ensuing week from Amisfield, East Lothian, Lady Marian Alford arrived in town yesterday from visiting the Marquis of Northampton at Castle Ashby. _ _ _ _ The Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel is in Dublin, making arrangements for his final departure from the Secretary's Lodge. The Hon. Mrs. William North gave birth to a daughter on Tuesday last, at the residence of Colonel North, M.P., in Arlington-street, Piccadilly. Mr. Adam Hay ; M.P., has arrived at the Hotel Meurice, Paris. Lady Cairns gave birth to a son on Tuesday at the family residence in Eaton-place. Her ladyship and infant are progressing favourably. The coming of age of Sir Norman Macdonald Lockhart, Bart., was celebrated on Tuesday by the tenant; on the Dryden estates by a bonfire on the Harper-hill farm, near Roslin, and also by a dinner. The Roslin volunteers were present at the lighting of the bonfire, and fired a feu de joie, and also seven volleys, in honour of the event. QUEEN EMMA OF HAWAII.—Her Majesty Queen Emma, who had accepted an invitation of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel to attend a eonversazione which was to be given at the house of the society on the subject of the Hawaiian Mission, will not be present, 0 ,5 her Majesty has been advised by her physician to leavo England for the south of France. PRIVATE BILL LEGISLATION.—This day (ThUr s day) all plans, sections, maps, and other documents must be filed at the Private Bill-office, with the clerks of the peace, and at the Metropolitan Board of Works. It iS also the last day for advertisements of the intended appli cations for local acts of Parliament in the next session. A' considerable amount of private bill legislation is anticipate d in the first session of the new Parliament. In order to feel - Mate private bill legislation, the Government issued " model bill," which has been placed in the hands of Par liamentary agents. It has been remodelled, and will ex" pedite the proceedings before the committee. All private bills must be lodged in the Commons by the 23d Dec., an d in the Lords by the 17th of that month. THE BLOCKADE OF CHILIANPoRTS.—VALPARAI A Oct. 17.—The following are the vessels known to have been warned off by the blockading squadron :—Oct. 10, the CAP ° Horn, from Sydney, proceeded for Iquique ; the Ne w phante, from Liverpool. 13th, the Charles Jackson, fro' Swansea, proceededfor Cobija. The following were allowe d to anchor for orders :—The Lieutenant Maury, proceede a for San Francisco ; the Elvore, proceeded for Callao ; the P. Godderroy, proceeded for Iquique ; the Cecillie, Po" ceeded for Callao. Of the vessels that were here w hen the blockade was put on, the Spanish Admiral has permitt ed the Elizabeth Martin and the Adam Sedgwick to land their homeward cargoes at Chilian outports. The Magas Con' sine, taken by one of his vessels, has been armed and sent t° assist in blockading some northern port. NAVAL COURTESIES AT RIO DE JANEIRO.-- - "W r i e read in the Correio Mercantil of Rio de Janeiro :—" A 199 " i ,„, took place on board the English frigate Narcissus , on t"" 11th October, and to it were invited•the Cabinet MinisterStr the members of the corps diplomatique, and the elite of °lle, society. Admiral Elliot and the officers of the frigate We l:, most courteous in doing the honours of this fete, destine; to celebrate the establishment of good relations botriee England and the empire. The service was splendid , the illumination most brilliant, the battery, changed int ° ti ball-room, was decorated with taste, and everywhere ifie, saw united the Brazilian and English flags. This f i . e tte which was very gay and animated, will long remain in memory of those present." I , A at THE BRAE3IAR GATHERING OF RATS, —T.- - r o . o invasion in the Braemar district continues to ell g a Z, a particular amount of public and private interest in ' re north. An incessant and universal war is everroth! • waged with merciless fury against the defective vex' even shooting has been in many instances resorted to speedy expedient. The use of poison even, in several 1;0 1 has hitherto proved ineffectual, the otherwise vorac,ood. creatures avoiding contact with the deleterious tor Trapping has met with most success, but even that, a few trials, has proved unfeasible from their keen sag,oe'sil and acuteness. It has been observed tha t mice A but disappeared wherever rats have fixed a lodgule i ' dii " co a severe storm of snow and frost may possibly PrO et great diminution of their number and ra va g es, there is little if any abatement of thei r p rogress' burgh Courant. but --'O4O,