The Sun. — London, England, 1848-04-12 00:00:00

COLBITRN'S STANDARD NOVELS. Now ready, the New Volume, price os. bound, with Portrait, AIR S. ARMYT A G E; Or, FEMALE DOMINATION. - By Mrs. GORE. " Mrs. Armytage tg not only a well written book, but a book with an excellent purtose. must discreetly worked oat. It .rands the stet of a 9t . L . 0 ,1 reading, al only a thoroughly good book iltn."—Exu_ " That delectable epeciwen of Mrs Gf , re'i or Female Domination "—Quarterly Review. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Mariboro4h-street. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE M THALRERG. GRAND SACRED, CLASSICAL, and MISCELLA.NEOCS CONCERT, on MONDAY EVENING, April 17. It is respectfully announced that on MONDAY LrVEYIYG, April 17, will be given a GRAND CONCERT, with great Orchestra, Chorus, &c.. on which occasion M. Tbalberg will execute the following places :- 1. Grand Concerto la C minor • • •• • • .. Beethoven. 2. Fantasia on Subjects from Mozart's Don Giovanni Tbalberg. 3. Fantasia ou Subjects from Aaber's Masaniello • • Thalberg. 4. " Lied er Ohne Worte" • . • • " ar end elssoh n The Vocal portion will include Madame Tadolinl, Mdlle. Schwartz, And Mdlle Sofia Cruvelll. Signor Belletti, Signor F. Lablache, Signor Bouche, Signor Cuzzani, And Signor Lablache, And comprise selections from the works of Mozart, Beethoven, Gluck, Mendels,olan, Weber, Spontinf, &c., and Include a Grand Trio for Three Basses,by Meyerbeer —Signori Lablache, Belletti, and Coletti. Signor Gardoni, Signor Coletti, Conductor, 31. Ea lfe. Prices of Admission. Mdcllle Vera, Boxes—. ........ ........ •• 2 and 3 guineas. Pit Stalls •• •• • • • ••"•••• • • • • • 10s. 6d. each Pit Tickets.. .. ss. Od. eac h. Gallery Stalls .. ..• •... ..... ss. Od. each. Gallery Tickets ••• • • • .... 2s. 6d. each. Doors open at Ralf-past Seven, and the Concert to commence a Eight o'clock. N.B. A second Grand Concert will be presented on Wednesday morning, April 19. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. The Last Night but One before Easter. The Nobtflty Gentry, Subscribers to the Opera, and the pub lic are respectfully announced that an EXTRA NIGHT will take place TO-MORROW EVENING, April 13, when will be performed, Denlzetti's Opera, entitled L I.7CREZ LA BORGIA. Lucrezia, \1(111e. Sofia Cruvelll; Orsini, MAN. Schwarz ; Gen laro, Signor Garioni ; Gabetta, Signor Bouche ; and Alfonso, Signor Lablache. Atter which a Divertissement, In which Mdlle. Rosati and Mdlle. Marie raglioni will appear. To be followed by Selections from Verdi's Opera of NINO. Abigail, Mdlle. Abbadia ; Fenena, Mdlle. Vera ; Ninus, Signor Cvletti ; Idaspe, Signor Cuzzani ; and Oratesphe, Signor Beletti. To conclude with the highly successful New and Original GRAND BALLE f, In Four Tableaux, by M. Paul Taglioni, entitled FIORITA, et la Refine des Elfrides, Principal parts by Mdlle. Caroline Rosati, Mdlles. Esther Ausundon, Thevenot, Julienne, Lamoureux, Jenny, M. Louis Dor, M. Di Mattis., MM. Veuafra, Gouriet, and Mdlle. Marie Taglioni. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. CIRQUE NATIONAL. DE PARIS. LAST WEEK, PREVIOUS TO THE EASTER HOLIDAYS. THIS EVENING, A Change of Entertainments.—The Mane.;e on trained horses by Mills. Caroline and Mathilde. New and Original Acts of Equita tion by Millis. Palmyre, Anato, F. Stanley, E. Lambert, Coralie, Ducos, Le petit Anato, &c. &c.— Extraordinary Equestrian Per: formancee- Novel and grotesque Pantomimic representations by. MM. Adolphe Franconi, Loisset, Newsome, Wehle, Auriol, Leclair, Auriol, Ells, le petite Loisset, &c. Performance to commence at Eight. Second price, Half-past Nine THEAT 11. E ROYAL, 11AY MARKET. tier the Management el dr. B. Webster, sole Lessee. THIS EVENING \Vill be performed the Comedy of TILE HYPOCRITE. Sir John Lambert, Mr. Tilbury ; Dr. Cantwell, Mr. Farrell ; Colonel Lam bert, Mr. 11. Farrell ; Mawworm, Mr. Keeley; Old Mrs. Lambert, Mrs. Glover; Charlotte, Mrs. Nisbett. After which, a new comic Drama, entitled LAVATER THE PHYSIOGNOMIST; and Good Judge .00. Lavater, Mr. Webster Agnes, Miss Fortescue. To conclude with THE CABIN BOY. StaTe Manager, Mr. Fan en; Acting Manager, Mr. F. Web:ter. J. T. Archer, Itox-4,001‘ keeper. Boxes, ss. ; 3s. ; Gallery, 2s. ; tipper Gallery, Is. Doors open at Hall-past Six. Performance to commence at Seven. THEA'fitE itOYAL, ADELPLII. Under tat direction 0: Madame (2elege THIS EVENINU win be performed a new and original Drama, called HARVEST HOME. Principal characters by Messrs. H. Hughes, Lambert, Wright, P. Bedford, 0. Smith, Madame Celeste, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Erank Matthews, Miss Turner, &c. After which DID YOU EVER SEND YOUR WIFE TO CAM BERWELL. To conclude with THE COMRADES; an Anecdote of the Span ish War. Principal characters by Messrs. Cullenford, Boyce, Man ,ard, Paul Legrand, C. J. Smith, b:pui, Miss E. Harding, &c. Boxes, 45.; Pit, 2s. Gallery, Is. Imors men at Halt-past Six, Pertnrmance to commence at Seven. FRENCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. John Mitchell. 33, o'd Bond-street. THIS EVE Will he performed the amusing Vaudeville of LA CHERCHEUSE D'ESPRIT. Principal characters by ISM. Henri Alm, Josset, Too rillon, Madame St „Inge, Mdlle. Marot, and Mdlle. Celestine. Atter which, an entirely new comedie-vaudeville, entitled LA DERNIERE CONQUETTE. Le 'Aaron de Virefeuille, M. Lafout ; Helene, Madame Paul Ernest. To conclude with LE CHEVALIER DU GI:ET. Le Chevalier du Guet, M. Lafont ; Le Barom de Tarlis M. Cartigny ; Le Vicomte Amedee de Lunel, M. Montaland ; Isabelle, Mdlle. Baptiste. P.oxes, 6s. : Pit, 3s. Gd. ; Amphitheatre, 35.; Gallery, 2s Boxes and Stalls may be obtain ,, d at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street. PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Mr. J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and Manager, Duchess-street, Portland- place. THIS EVENING, Will be performed Shakspere's Tragedy of HAMLET. Hamlet Mr. Macreacly ; Ophella, Miss Emma Stanley. To coaclude with THE HYPOCRITE. Ores Circle. 5 .. B^xes, 45.; Pit. 2s. ; Gallery, Is. THE THIRD EDITIO N S THE SUN" CONTAIN, AS USUAL, THE LATEST PARLIAMENTARY INTELLIGENCE, ♦ND ALL OTHER NEWS UP TO THE HOUR OF POST. Orders received by all Newsmen, and at the Sun ogee, 11:2, Strand. i. WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, APRIL 12. TaERmomETRR, Lowest, 41 ; Highest, 49; Noon, 55. ii 4 ROMETER, 29.5.-WIND S. W. ; SI) owery. t WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morn!n; 51 . - ninutes after 8. f Eveivnz .. 34 mtnr.rea .ttsr!r 9 ), N., • 4 4 Ati A •-• • rk 444 • • . T • N'‘lllitlEW 434.• _ ter . ic0•,4•44,- ~,•••'"•• ' - 'l4 i\! NisTtintil LUNDIJN, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 12, 1848 Three important subjects just now occupy the Le gislature and engros s the interest and attention of the country—the Chartist Petition, the Government Security Bill, an d t h e motion for the Repeal of the has Union. Public a tt ent i on, which latterly been marvellous almost wholly e ngrossed by the events is transpiring in f ore i gn countries,now directed elicited nearer home. The i n t erest and anxiety by recent movements, and rumours of movements ininthe metropolis and the remot er parts of the United K dom, are now concentrated up on the Proceedingsgo. gf Parliament. For it is there, accor di ng to the ad mirable organization of our Constitution, it is there, in the House which represents the people, that the various grievances, real or supposed, which h ave agitated the public mind and disturbed the general tranquillity, are to be fully set forth in order to re ceive due consideration and redress. The Chartist Petition was pfesented to the House on Monday evening, and on Friday next is to be taken into consideration. The Government Bill partially passed through Committee yesterday morning, and the notion for the Repeal of the Union was last night introduced by Mr. J. O'CONNELL. It is, perhaps, fitting that these three subjects should simu.taneously occupy public attention, for they in some respects bear a close affinity to one another, they are in many respects nearly identified—identified, that is to say, not in the objects at which they aim, but in the inter ests which they affect. Two of these subjects, namely, the Chartist Petition and the Government Bill, will, n w ar e yarn% inclined to think, notwizhstanding the ordi . i partiality of the House, receive a considera . tion more apportioned than to theinei to the urgency of the times extraordinary demundsutal merits. For example, the riaotions which were to have attended the presentat n of have called f ort h so the Ch ar ti st P et i t i on ea a t mpepr r hen e s x in c n i s tem nf ent, and occasioned such seriors disturbances, that the genera' are no longer called in question . s v eon thosethis ordinarily well disposed towards the re:l e t. Wholep: fr in , t i s ri of Charter pass them over, and the down as seditious and revolution is s "- the Chartists have brought upon a t r h y e . s ThI4 The more moderate by their ill-advised proceedings. them are loud in their lamentations on era th te e nrr4° % thus inflicted on the cause. However, the tir console themselve s with the assurancey'y right invariably pr os p ers eventually, and henc te so far as their cause i s r i g ht , i t can only have sus , tained a temporary injury from the misconduct of it. advocates. But, as we have already said, the indi vidual merits of the Charter will not be celled in question in the present instance. The House will listen to the motion founded on the petition with that respect which 5,000,000 signatures must in evitably elicit. The country will be interested in th, matter on account of the alarm which it has recently occasioned, but that very alarm will prevent any stronger feeling than a vague interest being testified, and then the motion will be listened to, and , set aside and forgotten. In like manner, the exigency of the times, rather than its individual merits, will influence the fate of the Protection for the Crown and Government Bill. The necessity of the times renders it both legiriinate and expedient, and the necessity of the times, and that alone, supporta it with such large majenties in a House ordinarily so jealous of conferring increased powers on the Government, and so inimical to all coercive and restrictive measures. The question of Repeal, however, will have none of these advantageous or disadvantageous adjuncts to hasten or retard its pro gress. It has been already canvassed and debated on ; its merits have been duly examined, and found wanting. Mr. J. O'CONNELL, in bringing forward his motion last night, expatiated upon the present miseries of Ireland—miseries of whose existence the staunchest anti-repealer does not affect to doubt, but which miseries can be in no wise occasioned by the legislative union of the two kingdoms, as Mr. J O'CONNELL does not hesitate to assert. " Look at. the state of the poor of Ireland since the union," he exclaims—" badly housed, badly clothed, and badly fed, and reduced on all hands to absolute beg gary and destitution, to starvation and death ! Nearly 4,000,000 of the population of Ireland were receiving alms last year, 1,000,000 of them have been swept away from the face of the earth, 250,000 have been driven to emigrate, of whom 30,000 have perished." These are most melancholy facts, we must admit, but we should be curious to know in what manner they can be attributed to the legislative union. This very distress of Ireland is, in fact, only an additional argument in favour of her union with England. "It would be difficult," said Lord MORPETH, in his admirable discourse last night, " it would be difficult for the Hon. Member (Mr. J. O'CONNELL) to show how the separation of the poorer from the richer country would be likely to improve the condition of the former." The debate was not concluded last night, but adjourned till Thursday next; yet after the speeches of last night we should imagine that little more remains to be said, for the four gentlemen who have addressed the House are the chief and the most able advocates of either side—the two Mr. O'CONNELLS and the present and a former Secretary for Ireland. Sir W. SOMERYILLE and Lord 1110EPETH. The speech of the Noble Member for the West Riding was peculiarly eloquent and emphatic, and it came with especial grace from him who has been for so long a period the tried and zealous friend of the Irish people. His earnest and unqualified denunciations of repeal were in consequence rendered doubly influen tial and effective, and their effect was considerably increased by his frank avowal of the grievances of which Ireland complains, and his unhesitating decla ration that much is necessary on the part of the Government and the Legislature to ameliorate the condition of that afflicted country. His observations on this head were alike honourable to himself and encouraging to those who sympathise in the suffer ings and wrongs of Ireland. The Noble Lord said— " I am far from wishing it to be considered that I as •ume the present state of Ireland with respect to her ws, with respect to her social relations, to her uct,no mical condition, is everything that I should with to see it.—(Hear, hear.) During the whole period I have been allowed to pass in public life —from the very first words I uttered in this House, when I second( d he motion for the repeal of the Roman Catholic Disabilities, through the whole period of my tenure ~ f office in Ireland—l have never shown myself reluctant to improve what I have found in existence, or to remodel existing institutions.—(Cheers.) I was a party to the alteration in the law respecting the Church, in the laws respecting municipal corporations, in the laws respecting the poor, and in the laws respecting wand juries —nay more, in common with my Noble Relative, the Member for Lynn (Lord George Bentinck) I was the originator of a proposal for putting the long lines of railway in Ireland under Government superin tendence.—(hear.) But, far from being contented with my own handiwork—far from being satisfied with what Government have been able to do, I believe with refer. ence to almost every one of those subjects, I have left express declarations upon record, that I thought the alterations which had been made could only be looked upo n as imperfect, and incomplete.—(Hear.) Therefore I, for one, and I speak, I know, the sense of my col leagues, shall always be ready to approach all, or any of them, with an earnest desire to de whatever justice, whatever the possibilities of the case, or whatever the best interests of Ireland may seem to require." But perhaps the most truthful observation uttered by Lord MORPETLI, in his very animated and power ful speech, was one he adopted from the Journal des Debats, to the effect that what Ireland wanted is not repeal nor rerolution, but regeneration. This brief sentence contains a more accurate exposition of the necessity of Ireland than all the eloquence of Con ciliation-hall, or the vehement rhetoric of the Irish revolutionists. If the O'CONNELLS and Messrs SMITH O'BRIEN, .MEAG H ER, and MITCHELL, and their associates, are such true patriots as they desire to be considered, let them evince their since. rity by a ready avowal of this truth, and a zealous endeavour to obtain for Ireland, not repeal nor revolution, but regeneration. This is, perhaps, too much to expect from the advocates of physical force and the aspirants for republican honour. Cherefore, abandoning to these gentlemen all the .agitation and the glory attending on repeal and revo 'ution, we would exhort all really patriotic Irishmen, hit the true friends of the sister country, zealously and resolutely to turn their attention and their en leavours to the regeneration of the Irish people. Let them reiterate the earnest assurance of Lord MOR- Pei u, that that which all the inhabitants of the United Kingdom most desire, is to see their Irish brethren, ,ne and all, partakers of the same rights, and sharers in the same glories as themselves No inimical feeling towards Ireland occasions the strenuous opposition of the opponents of repeal; on the contrary, it is the very desire of benefiting the sister country that in- - - ,tigates and strengthens every effort made to preserve :he union. The interests of England and Ireland are identical and indivisible, and " a thing indivisible by nature cannot be divided, it can only be muti lated." The establishment of two antagonistic powers in one united kingdom would inevitably prove destructive to the welfare of the entire people, and subversive of all authority. But it is unnecessary now to recapitulate the constantly urged and never-refuted arguments against repeal. Let us rather reiterate Lord MORPETH'S eloquent enumeration of some of the many causes which would render the separation of England a sad misfortune. " Let me ask you," said the Noble Lord, "to what field of our national credit, and fame, and glory can we look without seeing that those same Irish brethren have been ,It all times successful and honoured, and even more than proportionate contributors ? tion th e ornaments which I need n o t men the m emor i es of many among us i n this House wh o BURKE and SUERIDAN we have had even w i th i n have been furnished by Irel an d. The names of and CANNING and GRATT N and PLUNKET and O'CONNELL, will occur to all A ' (Hear, hear.) And we still retain what we derived rrom thence, the laurel of WELLINGTON aod the lyre Hof Mooan ?—(Cheers.) Does not every field of covery—does not every exploit of scienc e and every achievement of art, s h ow us the identity of our pot, suits, and forbid the s c h eme o f our separation ?" This inquiry was responded t o b y t h e earnest cheers o f the whole House; and this inquiry will be responded to by the affirmations of the whole empire. duubt not but that the recent occurrences in the western kingdoms of thl f;aropean continent dill affect in a manner quite as extriordinary the popula tion of Lithuania and Bielogrod, cf the Ukrain and Smolensko—though we canon!: anticipate such bril. liant tran,furrnations as that which was conjectured the other day by an imaginative correspondent f, ow Frankfort, namely, the re-establishment of Poland by the Emperor Nic FIOLAS, and the girding of the brows of Duke LEICLITURTEN with the diadem of STANISLAUS. That Poland will ultimately, and even speedily, recover its independence, we are confident, but that the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh will, in any particular, forward that stupendous work of reanimation, is beyond all conception. No. Polish nationality will not be dragged into the daylight by the munificent assistance of the CZAR, it will emerge itself from the bondage of seventy winters, aided only by its own indestructible vitality, and by the promptings of 051N1PoTENCE. As a moral victory the re-organization of the king dom of Poland will be a glorious incident in the records of humanity ; and as a political achievement it Hill be a memorable occurrence for the western nations of this hemisphere. Let us re_ member for an instant the geographical position and dimensions of Poland previous to its partition; let us remember Poland.as it was in 1780, when it was bounded on the north by the Baltic and Livonia, on the east by Russia, on the south by Mol davia and Tartary, and on the west by Ilungary, Moravia, Silesia, and Brandenburg. A more impass able barrier could not possibly be contrived between the barbarism of the vast dominions of the AUTOCRAT and the civilization of the rest of Christendom. By the dastardly partition of that intervening principa lity, however, Russia monopolized to herself the lion's share of the unholy spoil, while she opened a high road to the splendid countries situated beyond the Oder and the Danube. A glance at the map of Europe will confirm the accuracy of our assertion. Austria has augmented her territories, it is true, from the archduchy, which originally occu pied a space very little larger than the island of Sardinia or the Grand Duchy of Tuscany—until the dominions of her Emperor have swollen into one of the most enormous and formidable states upon the Continent. This she has accomplished since the thirteenth century by the successive absorption of Bohemia—Moravia—Silesia (or at the least a consider able part of it) —Styria— Illyria—Tyrol—Ausch wartz—Buckowina (formerly a fragment of Mol davia)—llungary (including, of course, Croatia, Selavonia, and the military frontier)—Transylvania —Venetian Lombardy—und Galicia ! By this system of wholesale anti unscrupulous incorporation, Austria has risen, in scarcely six hundred years, from the obscurity of a petty princedom to the criminal glory of being one of the predominant Powers of Christendom ; so that before the year 1831 had ex pired her territories extended over a surface of 257,368 square miles, containing a population of not less than 36,950,511 souls ! In the prosecution of this scheme of territorial aggrandizement it must, nevertheless, be b.n-ne in recollection that the Government of Vienna received merely a subordinate portion of Poland, a portion, however, consisting of 33,506 square miles, with 4,797,243 inhabitants. That portion was Galicia. It was in itself a magnificent extension of territory—being the south- western corner of the kingdom of Poland, with its base lying along the range of the Carpathian Mountains, and bending upwards in an arch from what were formerly Silesia and Bukovia—it was consequently only subordinate when contrasted with the superior spoil of the AUTOCRAT. Galicia, indeed, would be remarkable if only for the circumstance of its soil being irrigated with the waters of the Pruth, the Dniester, the Bug, and the Vistula—those four great rivers rising within its circumference among the gorges of the Karpaths. Marvellous as the accumulation of dominions, population, strength, wealth, and importance was around the germinant archduchy of Austria, the ad- vancement of the kingdom of Prussia from the nucleus of the little duchy of Brandenburg is scarcely less worthy of remembrance. Regarding either the inconsiderable track of land known as the Duchy of Brardenburg, or that situated between the deltas of the Niemen and the Vistula, with Konigs berg as its metropolis—regarding, we say, either of these spots as the germ of Prussia, its development to its present grandeur is something wonderful. Conquest after conquest, treaty after treaty, has stretched the elastic line of its frontiers until that line has embraced, besides Brandenburg, and the principality already mentioned in the vicinity of Dantzig—a slice of Saxony, the whole of Lusatia, a part of Silesia, the prolonged coasts of Pomerania, and those portions of Poland called the duchy of Posen, and a few contiguous palatinates. Like its superior accomplice in spolia tion, Prussia has so far thriven upon the plunder of its neighbours that in 1831 it enclosed an area of 107,842 square miles, with a population amounting to upwards of 14,361,500 souls. Still, it must not be forgotten that Prussia has a superior in infamy in the dismemberment of Poland—its own accession of ter ritory in Posen consisting, upon a broad calculation, of 11,401 square miles, and 1,190,970 inhabitants. Russia, on the other hand, with a gross dominion 2,045,000 square miles in dimensions, and with more than 49,000,000 as its population, has secured to her imperial master nearly 13,000,000 additional slaves by the annexation of Lithuania an(', its surrounding provinces. Such has been the distribution of the booty of the crowned robbers of Europe; suc'n has been the ruth less plan in accordance with which the limbs of Poland have been hewn asunder by the sword of Absolutism ; such was the most gigantic crime of the eighteenth century, a crime which has made patriotism weep blood in the streets of Warsaw, and upon the battle ments of Cracow—a crime which has evoked this burning apostrophe from the soul of BYRON—that BYRON who died in striving to become the Liberator of Greece ! “ Poland ! o'er which the avenging angel past, But left thee as he found thee, still a waste, Forgetting all thy still enduring clhim, Thy lotted people and extinguished name, Thy sigh for freedom, thy long-fltiwing tear, That sound that crashes in the tyrant's ear— Kosciusko !” The apostrophe had allusion to NAPOLEON, but the poet was not sufficiently inspired by the Pythonic spirit to recognise in .NAPOLEON the Precursor of an Age of Retribution. Already that retribution has descended upon Prussia through Posen and Neuf chatel. Already it is descending upon Austria, through Hungary, Bohemia, Venice, Lombardy, and Gallicia. The heterogeneous mass of Wallachians, Jews, Magyars, Italians, Poles, and Germans, which had been frozen into a temporary cohesion by the despotism of Vienna, is beginning to fall asunder now that its constituent parts are bested by the ideas of Liberalism. In this Poland may recognise the end of her evil doom, and the signal for the resur rection of her nationality. God lie with her, and the memory of Kosclusao SPAIN. Madrid journals of the sth instant have arrived. The arrival of the Duke and Duchess of MONT. PENSIE R at St. Sebastian is officially announced, and they were expected to arrive in Madrid on the 6th. The royal palace of Aranjuez has been prepared for their reception. Apprehensions were entertained of a serious out break in Catalonia. It is -.aid that the Finance Minister contemplates a law fur the sale of certain " national properties" which hitherto had not been comprised in the cate gory of alienable effects. MADRID BOLSA, APRIL s. —The Three per Cents. 221; Five per Cents., 131. Exchange on London, 42 20. preparing the weapons of retribution Poland is now K its spoliation. However long who participated v sgainst those three in uilty and unprincipled powers the buried glories of the between the present moment and he day ever remote may be the hour and of SOBIESKI—how nay be w thr in i h n tearhaalli avenge imperial robbers of the north ;n which the fate of the t a now we may recognise that day is doomed. Even is approaching— itiall be censurnmated—that t he appearance of the precursors supremacy. that era of regal expiation and popular already hp' the sword of the Lithuanian NEM ES IS.n genius of hou o r f that august era— pelvis over the AUTOCRAT—the avenging Ualicia is already rising Posen has' confines of Austria-Proper —the might of only been already testified u pon the frontiers, and not 1., from its grave g upon the ipo n the frontiers, but within the capital, and under the palace walls of Prussia. At the moment when the Ilt..rliners proved tr i umphant against the defenders of the unpop u l ar institutions of their fAth er l an d t h e hour struck i n t h e municipal hall cf Posna—th e h our for Duchy and it s capital the lib eration of the Grand W hen again th e Vi ennese iubvert e d th e co l ossal but di lapidated p ower of MET and Jarosla w —th at tocsTERNIca, the toc s i n rang from the t urrets of Lemberg which p roclaimed to the Galician s th e resurrection of their nationality. We THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDA 1 EVENING , APRI.L 12, 1848. strictest economy in everything ; preference in giving public functions to men of capacity and irreproachable conduct, and to those who have made sacrifices to the country, or rendered services during the struggle ; re compense to the faithful and loyal employes of the state ; and the dismissal and prosecution of all win) have abused and violated the duties of their funetiorm We hope chk.t. invested with the confidence of the King. and with your uniuu and your co-operation, we shall attain tn, object of consolidating the constitution, the rigorous and just application of which promises us national prosperity." THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. The Constitutionnel gives the following curious statistics of the late revolution : " During the days of the 23d and 24th of February, 1,512 barricades were erected in Paris. Each barricade r. quired on an average 845 paving stones, so that the people in a few hours must have torn up 1,277,640 paving stones. There were also 4,013 t rees , some of them of very large size, cut down ; 3,704 lamp-posts broken down, and between 3,000 and 4,000 lamps broken; 53 guardhouses were burnt or torn down, and about 603 watchboxes and small wooden bureaux de stroyed. In this calculation no mention is made of the iron railings which were torn down at the Bourse, and many of the churches and other public buildings." In the same journal we find the following on the alleged intention of the Provisional Government to take the railways under their own management : "There must be certainly s o m e urgent and powerful reasons of public utility to justify such an exorbitant proceeding. 'Eno motive alleged is that there are im mense numbers of the working classes without employ. ment, and the lines of railway would open a vast field for their labour. The companies are suffering from the present crisis, and cannot afford to give employment, and the Government will take upon itself to do so. These motives are very praiseworthy it they are well founded, but let us examine whether such is the case or not. of it is impossibl e th a t li nes w hi c h and worki ng can g i ve any i ncrease o now occupy all that they requir, , are employment. a l r I e n a d t h y e c f 0 1 r na t p e T place,ht e They now y and pay a considerable sum every day in wages, and the Government could do no more, The greatest service which the Government can render to these lines is to labour to restore security and confidence, and thus increase the traffic both of passengers and merchandise. We have already pointed out the real situation of the Orleans Railway.; and, if we are rightly informed, the state of the Northern line is as follows:—The Northern line has about 24,000 shareholders. The company is busily oc cupied with the branch lines to Dunkirk, Calais, and Saint Quentin, so as to be able to open them to the public in the shortest possible time; 60,000 f. are every day expended in wages. The principle of association, as established by the Orleans Company, is about to be put in practice on the Northern line. The system is to be organized in such a way that the employes may partake in the profits. It is true that the Northern line has to pay to the State, cn the 15th of this month, the sum of 18,000,000 f., which it will not be able to do. But the company bring forward in their defence the plea of force majeure, which is provided for by the law. M oreover, i t must be remember e d, that this inability of the company to make the payment is caused precisely by the th reat o f i expropriation whi c h h a ngs over t, and which prevents the shareholders, who feel great uneasiness as to the future fate of their property, pay ing up their calls. Under nll circumstances, it is very evident that the expropriation of the line will not add one workman the more to the numbers employed by the Northern Company and those other companies whose lines are now at work. We now come to the unfinished lines. The Lyons one, in the first place, which having invested 2 2,000,000 f. in Rentes, cannot realise them without immense loss, and appears to hesitate as to continuing the works. The Lyons Company, however, must comprehend that it has duties to fulfil ; it would not, probably, cost them much sacrifice to complete the line from Paris to Montereau, and commence its working. Let them, moreover, come to some arrangement with the Government to execute that part of the line between Chalons and Lyons, if that be necessary. The Government has no necessity to adopt the system of expropriation in order to procure work. The Lyons and Avignon Company have de• nianded to be released from their engagements, and have forfeited the 11,000,000 f. caution money lodged with the Goverment. The Cette Company has done the same. On the Strasbourg, the Tours and Nante, and on the Bordeaux lines the State might execute the embankments and the works of art. What, then, pre vents them from setting a mass of workmen on those different points? What will they benefit by adopting expropriation ? Absolutely nothing. By this plain examination of facts the alleged motive for the measure falls to the ground. 'The shareholders will be dis possessed of their property, without any benefit to the working classes. The decision of the Government can have but one effect, and that we cannot believe the Government to have any intention of producing. It would be a first attack on property ; a first menace directed against all great undertakings ; a first encou ragement given to communist ideas. We know that respect for property is expressed by the members of the Provisional Government, and that the honourable men who are at the head of the departments of finance and public works have no penchant for the communist system. We are, therefore, tar from questioning their intentions or their doctrines; we merely point out to them the disastrous character which is attached to the act in contemplation." M. DE LAMARTINE has received a commuication from the Charge d'Affaires of Baden, announcing that if the German workmen, anxiou4 to return from France, present themselvin on the frontier, singly or in small companies, measures will be taken for facili- testing ,heir journey across the territory. The Reforme announces that a meeting of the Polish proprietors in the Duchy of Posen have con voked an Assembly at Culm, for the sth, to de mand the re-establishment of Poland within the boundaries of 1772. Upon the same day there will be held a German Assembly, with the view of bring ing about a reconciliation. M. MICHEL CHEVALIER, who with some other Professors of the College of France has been deprived of his chair (political economy) in the College of France, on the ground that he held another office, the same motive being assigned for the dismissal of some of his colleagues in the College, has addressed a letter to the Debats, in which he states that he had at first supposed he was dismissed on account of the opposi tion which he has manifested to the theories of M. LOUIS BLANC on the organization of labour, and that he can scarcely credit the statemant assigned for his removal, viz., that he is an engineer in chief of mines, the salary of which, he says, is only 1,500 f. He de clares, however, that his regret at the change which has taken place does not proceed from personal con siderations, but from the fact of the chair of political economy being suppressed without being replaced by any of the new professorships which have just been created. The most exaggerated rumours as to the "English Revolution" prevailed in P ar i s on T ues d ay. Th e newsvenders were crying in every street in Paris, "English Revolution"—" Flight of Queen VICTORIA': —" London in flames"—'eCollision w ith th e m ilit a ry.' The disappointment of these gabes•mouches, on learning the real state of affair s , mus t h ave b e en highly amusing to the spectators: The Minister of Finance has sent an official com-- munication to the syndic of the agens de change, to in form that body that there is no truth in the report of the Government of France intending to take the Bank of France into its own hads ; but that it is true that it intends to suppress all the Departmental Banks, and to substitute branches of the Bank of France in their stead, and also to make the note 3 of the Bank of Franca a legal tender throughout the Republic. Serious di,turbances have br( ken out at Havre. BOURSE-PARIS, TIJESDA.Y, APRIL 11. THREE O'CLOCIL-The intelligence of the Chartist meeting at London having passed off without disturb ance, was received at the Bourse with great surprise by some, and by absolute disbelief by others. The more reasonable parties, on the contrary, were loud in ex. pressing their satisfaction. The French Funds were at first exceedingly firm, but towards the close of the day they gave way, closing, however, higher than the day before. The Three per Cents. opened at 431., went up to 451., and after touching 41f. 50c., closed at 41f. 75c., being an advance of 25c.; the Fives, which were firmer, opened at 60f., went up to 631., and then closed at 61f., being 31. higher. Bank of France Shares were much firmer, from the Provisional Government having sent notice to the syndicate of the ayens de change that it does not intend doing away with the Bank of France, al though only one kind of note is to be in circulation throughout the kingdom. The shares closed at 1,0751., being an advance ct 115 f. Obligations de la Ville are 351. better, closing at 9001.; Belgian Fives (1840) 11., at 57f.; and Roman lif., at 51k1.; Rothschild's Neapo litan was done at 50f. 50c.; Bons du Tresor nominally at 43 per cent. loss, but in reality nothing whatever is done in them. Railway Shares are all better, though not to any extent ; Marseilles have risen 10f., closing at 1201. ; Versailles (Left Bank), 7f. 50c. at 95f.; ditto (Right Bank), sf, a t 951.; Vierzon, sf. at 2151.; Or leans, sf. at 425 f.; Bordeaux and Northern, If. 25c. each, at 391 f. 25c., and 3171. 50c.; Strasburg and Nantez are unaltered at 3381. 75c. and 332 f. 50c. Lyons have BLT_S o I u N fallen closing at 300 f. The suspension of payments o . f the banking house of Thurneyssen and Co., did not 6 .71 to excite ranch attention. French gold is lower, at .• change for the 1,0001. note from 12f. to 151.; and LE & D O O N NE ST I O N C the sovereign worth 251. 75c. F K O E R X E C IG H N AN R G A E IT:W AP ALS I A L T THE Boulogne and Amiens, 5 5 ' -Namur and Liege, P A -Paris and Lyons, 2-Sambre and Meuse, 41z. AN "OPEN ING " FOR G EOLOGISTS. —About 1,000 cubic ya r d s o f Copt Point have fallen since Wednesday, and the b eac h now affords geologists, &c., an opportunity of gettin g has fallen.—M a i dytons Gazette. some fine specimen s from the gault clay which tains the following comment on the manifesto re cently issued by the EsirEnoß : " Nothing could be further from the idea of the Go vernment, tut in presence cf the excitations directed from abroad against ourselves, it was only natural that he Emperor should make appeal to the national senti It is not in France alone that the Polish emigre ti n i d au'For tie=, but in Hungaryland in Prussia corporations, representative assemblies, even semi-official journals, have re-echoed hostile cries against Russia. it has been made a crime against Governments overthrown or modified by inieutes, ;that they enter tained friendly relations with our Cabinet. As soon as the French Republic was . proclaimed it was gra tuitously assumed that we entertained aggressive de signs Our alliance was baugh i'y repudiated, even before inquiry was made whether it suited our views to sacri fice our blood for the sake of foreign interests. Sur. prise is the only feeling excited in us by such uncalled•for manifestations, for we have yet to learn, fe.w in our time the rights or independence of Germany have been infringed upon, or in any way molested by Russia. The history of 1812 is there to show the world from which side aggression came. It will tell whether our alliance profited or injured the German people Let the troubled spirits be calm ; Russia has no more the intention to meddle with Germany than with France, in so far as internal changes of Government are con eerned ; she meditates no aggression ; she desires peace, she wants peace, for the sake of the development of her own internal prosperity. Let the people if the west run as much as they like after social happiness, make what revolutions they please in its pursuit, and choose what form of government they think proper. If they end amelioration even in the bosom of anarchy and disorder, she will not envy their happiness. As for herself, it is to time and the enlightened solicitude of her Sovereigns that she looks for progress. Stability is in her eyes the most indispensable of wants, without which no form of government can be of advantage, and the best forms of government are not free from the miseries at tending human society; without stability there can be neither political power abroad, nor credit, commerce, industry, or national wealth at home. Russia will cling to this precious stability; she will suffer no foreign propaganda to stir up the fire of sedition, under the pretext of reviving extinguished nationalities, and by such means detaching any portion of her empire. It war should come out of all these troubles and changes, Russia will coolly meditate how far it may suit her to intervene in the quarrels of other states. Only she will not shut out of view the territorial boundaries and the possessions for the maintenance of which she has given tier guarantee, and she is determined not to suffer that there shall be any nr.dification of political or territorial equi librium in such wise as to do her prejudice. 'Until thee she will observe a strictly inoffensive but vigilant neu frailty. She will not attack unless attacked; she will scrupulously respect the independence of her neigh bours, if her neighbours equally respect her own integrity and independence." The Berlin achnchlen conta!ns intelligence from St. Petersburgh, dated March 28, which states that the EMPEROR, in consequence of information received during the course of the week from Berlin and Vi enna, has commanded the total cessation of all prepa tions for war. 25,000,000 of rubles had been appro priated for the outfit of the army, and a part of the fleet had already received orders to cruise along the coasts of the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. ITALY. LOMBARDY AND PIEDMONT. General RADETZKY arrived at Mantua on the 30th March with 10,000 men. He occupies the line of the Mincio between Peshiera and Mantua. General ASPRE is at Verona, having his advanced posts at St. Michel and St. Martin. It is reckoned that these Generals have under their united orders 30,000 troops. The line of the Issonzo, on which the Aus• trimls possess the fortress of Gradisca, is menaced by General NUGENT, with a force collected in Istria and in Trieste. The Piedmontese Gazette contains the following official information from Milan, dated the 6th. The legion under the command of MANARA drove back 1,500 Crotians from Salo on the 2d, who wanted to open for themselves a passage by the Valsabbian. The Austrians evacuated Montechiara, Caleinatea, and Lonato on the night of the 4th, and took the roads of Mantua and Verona. The Piedmontese are advancing towards the latter city. General BESI has occupied Monteehiaro. A proclamation of General RADETZLT declares Verona in a state of siege. Ve rona is said to be garrisoned by 11,000 men. The Sardinian army aas to pass the Oglio on the sth ; its head quarters will be at Pozzolo, and the first corps at Marcaria. The Austrians leave all their positions, and cross the Mincio. General Zuccar, at the head of the Venetian column, has surprised Pal manova, a fortress of some importance. The Aus trian Generals GIULAY and NUGENT have assembled five regiments to retake it, if possible. " The Gazette du Midi, a Marseilles paper, announces, according to a letter from Verona, that the Piedmontese and Austrians had met near that town, that a sanguinary action had ensued, and that the victory remained with the Austrians. The Piedmontese were said to have lost 6,000 men. On the other hand, the Liierte, a paper published at Lyons, inform us that 10,000 Piedmontese, under the command of Charles Albert, had routed 15,000 Aus- trians at Lodi; 5,000 of them were taken prisoners. The probability it. that both accounts are fabri cations. GREECE. --- I The following proclamation has been issued by the new Cabinet : "lli, 11.,jesty has honoured us with his august confi dence by culling on us to take the direction of the affairs of the state. Although persuaded of the gravity I and difficulty of the task which we have been called on to undertake, we have, however, accepted the royal mission, having confidence in the patriotism and devoted ness to the law, which have in all times distinguished the Hellenic people. a s Constitutional Ministers we consider it our duty to explain hunestly the system which we calculate on following in our govermnentai career. The righteous application of the constitution and laws in vigour ; impartial distribution of justice in what concerns the tribunals and the administr4lon ; the I'ARMA. The citizens of Parma have repented of their ac ceptance of the Duke's constitution, and have made overtures to PIACENZA, for the purpose of leaving the ultimate fate of Parma to the arbitration of Plus IX. and CHARLES ALBERT. ROME. The POPE has issued a proclamation, dated the 30th ult., addressed to the people of Italy, in which, after recognising the will of the AL➢IIGHTY in the extraordinary changes that are taking place in the condition of the Italian peninsula, he exhorts the people to moderation after victory. THE NATIONAL PETITION. TO THE EDITOR OF 7'HE SUN. _ - - - - - - SIR,—As considerable excitement has existed for some days past upon the subject of the presentation of what is called the National Petition, I think it would not be altogether useless to inquire into the truth of the statement made in the House last night by Mr. F. O'Connor, to the effect that the petition in ques tion was signed by 5,700,137 person. Now,_ Sir, it appears that the population of the whole United Kingdom, according to the last census, was 26,702,563. From this number is to be deducted the population of Ireland, amounting to 8,175,124; as no portion, or, at least, a very inconsiderable portion, of the petition is made up from the Sister Island.Tehoat.t would leave, therefore, for England, Wal es , and s land, a population of 18,527,439. Of this latter number, one fifth only, or 3,705,487 are male adults. Supposin g that every oue of those persons had s i gne d t h e petition, there would still be left to be accounted for, no less number than 2,094,650. But the inquiry can be carried still further. The number of electors upon the register in England, Wales, and Scotland, according to the last returns which have been made up, were 944,473. Presuming that two thirds of this number are opposed to the six points of the Charter, and the remaining one-third had signed it, a further deduction would have to be made amounting to 666,316. The case would then stand thus:— Male adults in England, Wales, and Scotland 3,705,487 Electors oppused to the Charter 3,0 39, 172 I believe also th a t no port i on of the pe tition has emanated from the Orkney and Shetland Isles, the Isle of Man, the Highlands of Scotland, and a considerable portion of Wales ; and it must also be obvious to any person that a great portion of the agricultural districts have not contributed largely to the great " muster roll." Without making any deductions for the population of these districts, but simply deducting the number of electors opposed to the Charter, it is clear that the petition contains the signatures of nearly t w i ce t h e num b er of male adu l ts in England, Wales, and Scotland; and taking into calcu lation the population of Ireland, the National Petition would then contain, if the statement made by Mr. F. O'Connor be correct, the signatures of 400.000 more than the entir e ma l e a d u l t po p u l a tion of the whole United Kingdom. Doubtless Arr. F. O'Connor can solve this difficulty. In the meantime, I remain, your obedient servant, E. D. MONEY-- ARET.—By advices from Hamburgh the MIL price of gold is 439 k per mark, which, at th e E ng li s h hange of 13.12-i; and the exchan ge a t Ham it than followsinthatam Mint price e of 31. 17s. 10. . per ounce for stand ar d go ld , s d h e o a r r t e deare r in being L l o 3 n .li d 2, Landon gold is The course of exchange at New Yo r k on L on d on bgivesurgha on a xc m Londonper r cent. at nt. is 10 - 9 i per cent., and the par of exchange between Eng land and America being 109 23.40 per cent., it follows that the exchange is 0.08 per cent. against Eng land; but the quoted exchange at New York being for bills at 60 days' sight, the interest must be deducted from the:above difference. ROBBERY BY A POST -OFFICE CLERIC —A clerk con nected with the Post-office at Derby has just been taken into custody, charged with extensive robberies of mon e y and jewellery. A large sum in notes was found in his possession, and it is believed that the system has been carried on by him to a great extent. Suspicions were xcited by his being seen to burn some pspers resem bling letters. lie has been remanded for further exa mination. Dispatches were received yesterday at the Colonial office, _ from the Lord Hi g h Commissioner of the lonian Islands. GERMANY THE NORTHERN STATES A U STRIA. The Wiener ZeituN, , , of the sth, contains au ofikial announcement, that the EMPSROR has ordered Field- Marshal, Count 2:war, who surrendered Venice, to be tried by court-martial. It is said, SZELA, the peasant chief, who was the principal agent in the perpetration of the massacre in Gallicia, has been found hung in his own house. Upwards of 6,000 volunteers have enrolled them selves in the army of Italy. The strike among the workpeople in Vienna still continues. The Austrian Ambassador at NAples, Coun SCHWARZENDERG arrived at Trieste on the 3d. SWEDEN. STOCKHOLM, MARCH 31.—The public peace has not again been interrupted, and on the 28th the Stadt holder was enabled to withdraw the regulations for the preservation of the public peace issued on the 20th inst. JENNY LIND will leave for England on the 13th of April. CHRISTIANIA, Af.tacu.—The Norwegian Post of this day contains nothing of importance.—Hamburgh Borsenhalle, April 8. PRUSSIA. Accounts from Berlin of the 7th state that a serious enieute took place on that day between some work men employed in a cotton factory, who had struck fur wages, and the National Guards. Tranquillity was not restored until six of the workmen had been killed, and several taken prisoners. The Hamburgh Borsenhalle, of April 8, states that the English Ambassador has succeeded in effecting a mediation with the Berlin Cabinet on the Danish question. It is said that a compact has for some time been concluded between Great Britain and Prussia on this subject. The Prussian Gazette publishes, under the h ad of Frankfort, the following resolution of the German Diet in regard to the Schelswig-Holstein affair : " The Diet declares in the first place, in conformity with Article 31 of the Federal Treaty, that there exists danger of an aggression of the federal territory of Holstein, and expresses its full nratitude for the measures which have been adopted in a federal and national point of view by Prussia and the States, whose contingents form the 10th corps of the Federal army. " The Diet, for the purpose of having one and the same direction in the ultimate military steps which it may be necessary to take, begs that Prussia will keep herself in relatien on this subject with the states of the 10th corps of the army. The Federal Assembly is ready on its side, in order to prevent any effusion of blood, and in view to effect an amicable arrangement, to undertake negotiations for mediating in the name of th, , Confederation, taking as the basis of such mediation the inviolability of the rights of Holstein, especially on the point concerning its indissoluble union with Schleswig. It is perfectly understood that hostilities will immedi ately cease, and the former statu quo will be re-esta blished." The Prussian Gazette of the Bth April publishes ,he petition to the KING of the Provincial States of the Province of Prussia, requesting that their pro vince may form part of the German Confederation, and the official part of the journal gives the KING'S consent. The result of the elections is, on the whole, satis factory. ARNDT, the celebrated and popular poet, has been returned for the Rhenish provinces ; the other Deputies are M. RAVEAUX, common councillor of Cologne, famed by the proceedings instituted against him by the ex-Minister BODELSCHWINGII; M. VENEDT, who was under the ban of exile for poli tical causes ; and other men who all ez.joy the con fidence of the people. Prussia has appointed M. Scuoast, one of the leaders of the Opposition, and M. AUERSWALD, the brother of the Minister. Silesia has returned M. SIMON, of Breslau, who was continually prosecuted by the late Government. M. DE HUMBOLDT is the Deputy for Brandenbourg. The elections in the other provinces are not less favourable to the Liberal cause. The Duchy of Posen has not nominated any Depu- ties ; and as regards the district of Netze, many Prussian Deputies have demanded that it shall not he separated from Germany. FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAINE. The Committee of Fifty are actively pursuing their duties. They have published several regulations for the approaching elections. Alarming riots continue to prevail in South Ger many. DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. The Borsenhalle of the Bth publishes a letter from Rendsberg of the previous day, which states that a skirmish had taken place between the Danish troops and those of the Duchy on the day preceding, but which had not led to any decisive result. POLAND. A letter from Posen, of the 4th, states that General DE CoLomn, Commander-in-Chief of the sth corps of the army of Posen, has given permission to the Poles who serve under him to quit the Prussian service, but that they have not availed themselves of it. The Cologne Gazette has the following letter from Czernichau:—" A regulation of the National Com mittee of Posen decrees the dismissal of German functionaries, the suppression of the Prussian eagle, and its replacement by the Polish eagle, and orders the Polish standard to be hoisted on the highest tower. So great an insult to Germany and to Prussia has excited the greatest indignation, six-sevenths of the inhabitants in some parts being Germans. The peasants are arming themselves in numbers. It is still worse in other parts,—masses of people are in arms; the authority of Prussian officers is at an end; communications between them broken off; couriers are stopped, and their dispatches taken from them under pain of death. Three hundred Poles have already crossed the Russian frontier ; they say they have been all taken." General WthusEN passed through Breslau on the 6th of April, en route to Posen ; he is to be entrusted with the reorganization of the Grand Duchy. On his arrival at Posen he will address a proclamation to the population, and form a commission from amongst the members of the Polish and German committees, in order to set at rest the differences existing between the two parties of the people. The Gazette Polska, organ of the Polish National Committee, asserts that the Prussian Government has consented to the organization of a national army of the Grand Duchy of Posen, which will carry on its standards the white Polish eagle side by side with the black eagle of Prussia. The National Committee of Poland, sitting at Posen, has addressed the following appeal to the people of Great Britain : "Poland, sustained by the sympathy and the most vital interests of Germany, is already on foot to repel the invasion meditated by Russia, to prove herself once more the protectress of European liberty and civiliza tion, and to recover her independent existence on the termination of this terrible conflict. " While this conflict can be nothing less than a last crusade against the enemies of the human race, Poland calls on the people and the Governments of the west, awaiting from them that faithful and vigilant support which every army owes to those who march foremost against the enemy. To us, that vanguard, money and arms are wanting. _ _ " Will regenerated Europe, like despotic Europe, tran quilly look on while an unarmed nation is exterminated before her eyes? " Rejecting this dreadful suspicion, the National Com niittee, constituted at the Hotel de Ville of Posen, on the 20th of March, address themselves especially to the Government and people of England, seeking to obtain from them the material means for fulfilling this great task which God and the unanimous voice of a heroic people have imposed upon them. (Signed) " JAROtuowsKi. " JAN PALAEL " MoII.AEzEWsKL " PRUSINOWSKI. " ESSMANN. " BERRINSILL " STEFANSKL " Posen, April 2, 1848." APRIL 7.—Major General WILLISEN, the Royal Commissioner of Posen, has issued a proclamation to the inhabitants, stating that he is empowered to com mence the immediate reorganization of the province, as promised by the KING ; that their desire for a national Government and national judicial proceed ings in their own language was accorded ; and that a man of Polish origin is to be placed at the head of the Polish Administration. RUSSIA. The St. Petersburgh Journakof the 31st ult., con- TO THE SECRETARY OF TILE BRADFORD REFORM ASSOCIATION. Sir,—On Monday, the 10th, the Petition for the Ch„rter to be presented by Mr. Feargus O'Connor was on the floor of the House before the Speaker's arrival. It consisted of five rolls, each about as large as could be conveniently lifted by a roan. Mr. O'Connor's name stood third or fourth upon the list, and th e p e titi on was pre-. sented with no visible deviation from the usual forms, and no expressions either of approbation or the con trary from any part of the House. Lord Morpeth rose and said, that the absence of the Secretary of State for the Home Department was occasioned by urgent business at the moment, and must not be con strued into any want of the respect which the Go vernment was desirous of showing to the petitions of large bodies of the people. On the renewal of the debate on the progress of the " Crown and Government" Bill, Mr. Smith O'Brien made an explanation of the plainest, of all his deeds and intents with respect to Ireland, and his late visit to the Provisional Government of France. l'he days are certainly gone hy, when anything need be concealed. It will be a discredit to the Go vernment if it insis's on driving men back to the 0 1 d necessity of doing their revolutions privily. Persevering efforts were made by about thirty of the Liberals in the House, to stop the hur• -ied progress of the Bill ; but with little 9p parent success. On the following day (Tuesday) their object was to a certain point conceded, by the Government offering to postpone to the morrow. Whether this proceeds from any desire to con sult the feeling of the country, further time will show. The opposition concentrates itself almost entirely on the making of words felony, as contained in the phrase " or by open and advised speaking." For the sake of what is to be g ot by these words, the Government sacrifices all it might gain by a character for moderation, and the almost unanimous consent of the House to its Bill. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, T. PERRONET THOMPSON. Blackheath, London, April 12, 1848. CHANCERY.—(THIS DAY.) The Lord Chancellor sat in the old hall, Lincoln's Inn, to-day, for the first time after the short recess. TIRE ATTORNEY-GENERAL V. ROBSON AND OTHERS II:N Loreship was occupied the whole morning with the further arguments on this part-heard petition, which our readers will recollect relates to the claim of two old ladies, of the name of Ainslie and Robson, as the nest of kin of Samuel Trontbeck, to hi► residuary estate► amounting to upwards of 400,000/. SECONDARIES .—(TH S DAY.) This Court did not sit to-day. BANKRUPTCY. —( THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Commissioner GovLnuax.) IN RE RAINEY. This Bankrupt had carried on business as an estato agent, in Regent-street, and applied for his certificate. The charges made against him were the misappropria• Lion of a sum of 8001 received by him on account of the Rev. Dr. Ogle, and which he was directed to psi into Mr. Hoare's bank, but, instead of doing so, 11 ° passed it into his own bankers, and it was eventually expended for his private purposes, and it was contended by Mr. Lawrence that this was a felony under the 7th and Bth George IV., cap. 29. He was also charged with reckless trading and extravagant personal expen diture. He had also assigned the whole of his property. and when Dr Ogle took proceedings against him, and just when he declared himself to be insolvent he gave notice to Messrs. Coutts, who held the security for 1.000/, received from Earl Grey on behalf of Dr. and Sir Charles Ogle, so that they took possession of his furniture, &c. Ilis HONOUR, in an elaborate judgment, held that the charges of misappropriation were substantiated. but he did not sit there to try a criminal question, for which the bankrupt might be indicted. Whatever the custom of the trade might be, an auc tioneer or agent had no right to constitute himself banker, and retain money in his hands, unless be kept it so securely that he could pay the same at any time it was demand e d. H o a l so cons i dered that the bankrupt , trading generally had been very reckless, and his pri vate expenditure excessive; and this large expenditurf had b en incurred at a time when ho was utterly insol vent, and was only supported by retaining the money 0 1 his customers. He considered undue preference h l5 been clearly proved. Under all the circumstances, the certificate must be suspended fur three years, from 250 1 June last. • MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. (THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. WALESBY, Deputy Assistant-Judge.) Thomas Dwyer, M ar y D wyer , hi s w i fe, and .Elizabein, Healy, were indicted for stealing two loaves from the shop of Mr. Ord, baker, in Gray's Inn.lane, on blonds,' and for riot and assaulting a special constable. It appeared that on the afternoon of Monday, the pri soners were returning together from the meeting on Kennington-common, forming pert of a large crowd WhP passed up Gray's Inn-lane, when Mary Dwyer went into Mr. Ord's shop, and carried off the loaves. The shop' woman pursued her, and she was stopped by the special constables, who were furiously assailed by the other prisoners. Mrs. Dwyer was found Guilty of the robbery, and the three were all convicted of the assault. The male prisoner, in his defence, protested with great energy that he only interfered to protect his wife , whom he saw lay down the money for the bread on the baker's counter—that the special constables wanted 10 get up a little row in Gray's Inn-lane, which was quiets when there was a great riot in Leather-lane adjoining, to which they were afraid to go.—(A laugh.) The foreman of the jury, in returning the verdict of Guilty of the assault, recommended the prisoners to mercy, on account of the excitement of the day. The Learned JUDGE said that he was always willing to give full weight to the recommendation of a j ur y, but in this case he thought the excitement of the day wen rather an aggravation of the offence. It was on such occasions more dangerous than at any other times 10 create disturbances in the street, and resist the con stables in the exercise of their duty. He sentenced Dwyer and his wife to be imprisoned four months in the House of Correction, and kept to hard labour, and the, prisoner Healy to si x wee k s ' imprisonment and Mira labour. Dwyer prayed earnestly of the judge to add the four months punishment imposed upon his wife to his own sentence, and to let her go home to her two children. The Learned JUDGE said he could not allow ffi his, feelings t o be acted by any such appeal. But, iog course, as it appeared that one of the children was only ten months o ld, th e mot h er would be allowed to have . t with her in prison. The prisoners were removed from the dock, Dwyer exclaiming in a veh ement tone, " 11l see a day for this' with yes all, when we get ould Ireland back again to our' selves." MARKET NEWS. -(THIS DAY.) CORN-EXC HANGE -WEDNESDAY The present week's arrivals of English Wheat for our market have been on a very moderate scale, and the show of samples of that grain to-day was trifling. Owing to the thin attendance of buyers, the demand for all de• scriptions was in a very sluggish state, at about Mon day's quotations. There was a slight improvement ill the demand for the best parcels of Foreign Wheat, but the middling and inferior kinds were much neglected. Ba rley was a very dull inquiry, but we have no decline to notice in prices. In Malt next to nothing was doing. at almost nominal rates. The supply of Oats was by no means extensive, yet the trade was in a sluggish state. at previous currencies. Beans, Peas, and all other et ticles were very dull. ARRIVALS. Wheat. Barley. Oats. I Flour. 1,740 qrs. 1,1110 qrs. 1,230 qrs. I 1,390 stsl. 940 I -- 3,430 1,360 - English ...... 1ri5h......... Foreign ...... 1,570 Malt, 3,280 qrs. WHITECRAPEL.) We had a very steady trade to-day, and prices were well supp,.rted. Beef, from 3s to 4s; Mutton, 34 6d to 43 8d ; Lamb, 5s lOd to 6a 10d; Veal, 4s to sa; and Pork, 4s to 5s per Sibs, by the carcase. LLOYD'S SHIPPING—(THIS D i ky . ) LONDON, APRIL 12. —Wind S.W., fresh breeze and . 31 :.— Bil A bo rr a d . . squally, with rain at time l Charleston , Sid.,Saill Cal cutta;°Yseetc'lonirgu,cker, Abecona, Bahia; Mexican. packet, ditto; Plata, Alonte Video; Royal Mint, Jamaica; LIVERPOOL,. ai a r A ja P i a g l n n aci New Brunswick; City of Lincoln, New Orleans; Blake, May, St. John's. New York; Defence, Staten ,Island; Eliza Caroline, ditto; Cambrian, Newfoundland. Jan ,: O eiro, for Hamburgh.FF THE WIGIIT, APRIL B. Ri o JERSEY, Millop ans , " JERSEY, APRIL 9 . —Sid. Julia, Cape of Good Hope. SHEERNESS, APRIL 10.—The Herschel!, Rascher• from Bremen to New York, was assisted into this port yestt•rday, with loss of anchor and chain, and part of false keel, having been on will have to b e l a id on the shor e On the sunk sand, and hardway to repair. WATERFORD, APRIL 10.—The Berlin, Smith, of and from Philadelphia to Liverpool, which went on shore on Arklow Bank, h incto • 7t - instant, and was afterwards aban• doned, was towed in here to-day by the Duke of Corn wall (steamer) with seven feet water in her hold. HARWICH, APRIL 1 1.—The Catherine, Cassedy, of Castletown, from Shields to Truro, was assisted into this port leaky, after having been on shore on the Long sand. PORTSMOUTII, APRIL 11.—Arrd. Margaret, Clark, Honduras. OFF DUNGENESS, APRIL B.—Arrd. Jorgeane, Han son, La Guayra for Albona; Delphin, Janasen, Charles ton for Amsterdam having been in contact with a brig. OFF MARGATE, APRIL 11.—Arrd. from Ceres, Sierra Leon. SHEERNESS, APRIL 11.—Arrd. Eliza Ann, Blytb, Savannah. DEAL, APRIL 11 .—Arrd.—China, Ferguson, China; Monarch, Ducanson, Hong Kong; Jessie, Mc Gill, Cal lao. Arrd. from the river and sailed Cygnet, Savanilla ; Harlequin, Barbadoes ; Eliza, Moore, St. Thomas ; Mary Mitcheson, Honduras; Kingston, New York; Mary Mc Queen, Prince Edward's Island; Cove, Quebec; Prince, ditto. Sid. Anna Hall, St. John's New Brunswick, put back; Prince Edward, Fau cett, Prince Edward's Island. OFF PORTLAND, APRIL 9.—Arrd. Euclid, Bainbridge, Mobile, for Bremen, and old. eastward.