The Sun. — London, England, 1848-11-14 00:00:00

- t r , t. ' nARYPORT and CXRLISLE R AMWAY . . TTENSIONS, BRANCHES, DE POTS, and NEW WORKS, 11/RLIBLE. , iot.ed is aereby g 11/ en, that application is intended t o he made to Parliament in the ensuing Session for an Act to alter, amend, enlarge, and repeal some of the powers awl provisions of the several Acts re lating to the Maryport and Carlisle Railway Company, hereinafter Mentioned, or some of them: that is to say, an Act passed in the first year of the reign of her present Majesty Queen Victuria ; another Act passed in the Session held in the sixth and seventh years of the reign of her said Majesty; and another Act passed in the seventh Year of the reign of her said Majesty. And notice is hereby also given, that it is proposed by the said Act so to be applied for, to take Powers for the Maryport and Carlisle Railway Company aforesaid to make and maintain the to lowing Branch Railways, or one of them, or some part or parts thereof respectively, with all proper Works, Depots, Staiths, Stations, and conveniences connected there- With, and approaches thereto: that is to say, a Railway front and out of the said Maryport and Carlisle Railway, at or near to a cer tain street, lane, or road, called Water-lane, in the township •f Retcbergate, in the parish of Saint Cuthbert, Carlisle, and terminat ing in n geld, close, or parcel of ground, situate at or near to a cer tain street or road, called Princess•street, in the said township and Palish. Also a Railway from and out of the saidlast-snenticned intended Railway, commencing In the said last-meatiened field, close, er par ed et ground, and terminating by a junction with the Newcastle uPon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway, in or near to a certain field or par cel of ground lying between the said Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Car lisle Railway, and a certain street or road, called the London-read, both of which said intended Railways, with thr, said proposed Works, Depots, Staiths. Stations, and conveniences, will be situated in the said township of Botchergate, in the parish of Saint Cuthbert, Carlisle, all in the county of Curaberland. And it is also proposed by the said Act so to be applied for to obtain powers for enabling the Maryport and Carlisle Railway Company aforesaid to raise money by the creation of new or additional shares, and by loan or otherwise, for the purposes of the said proposed Railways and Works. And it is also intended by the Act so to be applied for to take powers to stop up, alter, or divert, whether temporarily or permanently, all turn- Pike and other roads and highways, rallways,,tramways, and streams Within the aforesaid parish and township, or either of them, which it may be necessary to stop up, alter, or divert, by reason of the construction of the said intended works or any of them. And it is further intended by the Act so to be applied for to take powers for the purchase of lands and houses, by compulsion or agreement, for the purposes of the said intended works, and for levying tolls, rates, and duties in respect of the use thereof, and for altering the existing tells, rates, and duties in respect of the use of the Meryport and Carlisle Railway, and to grant certain exemptions trona such tolls, rates, and duties. And it is also intended to vary or extinguish all existing rights and pri vileges in any meaner connected with the lands and houses so pro posed to be purchased or taken, or which would in any manner impede or Interfere with the construction, maintenance, or use of the Said intended works, or any of theta, and to confer other rights and privileges. And notice Is hereby further gives, that duplicate plans and sections of the said intended new works, and of the lands pro posed to be taken for the purposes thereof, together with books of re ference to such plans, containing the names of the reputed owners, lessees, and occupiers of such lands, and a copy of this notice as published in the " London Gazette," will be deposited on or before the thirtieth day of November in the present year, with the Clerk of the Peace for the county of Cumberland, at his office in Carlisle aforesaid, and that a copy of the said plans, sections, and books of reference, and of the sail " Gazette" notice, will be deposited en or before the said thirtieth day of November with the parish clerk of the said parish. at his residence. Dated this eighth day of November, one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight. RICHIRDSON and GUTCH, and S Solicitors, HENRY NEWTON, York. LAW, HOLMES, ANTON, and TURNBULL, Parliamentary Agents, 18, Fludyer-street, Westminster. EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY. The FOURTH and last CALL upon the 6 per cent. Guaranteed Shares of the Company will be due, and should be paid on the 25th instant. Interest at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum will be charged on all arrears, and during the continuance of such arrears, all interest on Previous Calls wall cease. The Certificates upon which the Calls have been paid in full should be transmitted to this Office to be exchanged for sealed Certificates. The Half-yearly Interest on these Shares will be due and payable On the 25th instant. By order, C. P. RONEY, Secretary. Bishopsgate Station, November 10, 1848. B OSTON, NEWARK, and SHEFFIELD RAILWAY. The Directors beg to announce that they have at length so far set tled the disputed claims in this Company as to be able to pay a Final Dividend of One Shilling and Sixpence per Share, and they request that Shareholders who may not have received a statement of the ac nounts, will apply for the same to the Chairman, to whom their Scrip Certificates are to be sent, accompanied by the Form of Appli cation for tho Dividend, the amount of which will be remitted them in a bank cheque. JAMES SALMON)), Chairman. Illaasfleld, Notts, November 15, 1848. GRAVESEND via BLACKNVALL RAIL WAY, and STAR and BLACKWALL PACKETS. Railway awl Boat included in one Payment. Fares, to or from London. Fore Cabin and Second Class Railway, ONE SHILLING ; likleoa and First Class ditto, ONS SHILLING and SIXPENCE. To or Drom Blackwell or intermediate Piers, Fore Cable.. ••• • • • 9d. Saloon ••• • .. Is. No other Packets call at the Grays or Greenhitho Piers. FROM TERRACE PIER, GRAVESEND. Week Days, at 8, 834*, 9'4. 1130, 1,2%, and 5. Sundays. at 8%, 1134, 1, 23%, and 5. FROM BR (TNAWICK WHARF, BLLCKWALL. Week Days, at 934. 11, 12, I!.‘, 3,4, and 5. Sundays, at 9%, I I, 134, 334, and 5. The TRAINS starting one quarter of an hour before mit of these Passages marked * are run direct, the Packets Rot being per tatted to step at Piers or for Boats. Omnibuses from Fenchurch-street Statism to all parts of London every quarter of an hoar. BOAT TICKETS.—TweIve Months, 4/. 4s. ; Ca Months, 21. 15s. ; Three Months, 11. 155. ; to be had of the Collectors en board the Packets; Mr. Monk, Terrace Pier, Gravcsead ; or of Mr. Saunders, Bruaswick Wharf, Blackwell. Passengers' Luggage conveyed to and from the Packets and Rail 'way, at the Brunswick-wharf, without any charge. The charge for Porterage at Fenchurch-street is Id. for small parcels, and 24. for large parcels. • November 7. 11141. " Mr. Fengere, of i, Conduit-street, Tailor to his Royal Highness Prince Albert, and the successful patentee of the celebrated Welling ton Surtout (sow worn by almost every nobleman and gentleman in the kingdom, and suitable for every season of the year), has again Provided for the comfort of the public, having just introduced an*. ther new coat for winter, called the Royal Siberian Overcoat,' Which although perfectly porous, will resist twenty-four hours' in cessant rain, and while as light as a cork, is warm, pliant, and com fortable as fur. Although richly trimmed, so as to be suitable to first-class wearers, the price is only Fifty Shillings. We heartily wish Ur. Fougere the success which his ingenuity and enterprise merit." -- Morning Chronicle. Every Genuine Coat is Stamped JAMES FOUGERE, 6, Conduit-street, Regent street, and 1, Bucklersbury, Cheapside. AVIES'S CANDLES, 50. and 6d. per lb. ; Waxed-wick Moulds, 7d.; Composite, 8%d., 10d., and 10M d ; Z ' , P ax Candles, Is.; German Wax , Is. 2 d.; Fine Wax, Is. 5d.; Tr ansparent Wax, Is. sd. • Best Wax, 2s. Id. ; Sperm Candles , 15. bd. and 15. 7d. Metallic, 714 d. and 9d. ; Mottled Soap, 605. and : 48 - per 112Ibs. ; Yellow, 485., 545., and 601. ; Windsor Soap, Is. 441. ter packet ; Br•wa Wiadsor, Is. 9d. ; Rose, 25.; Almond, 2s. 6d. ; sealing Wax, 4s. 6d. per lb. ; Sperm Oil, 7s. 6d. per gallon ; Solar, 0 3. 3d., Seal, 4s. ; Argand, or Vegetable, 4s. Gd. For Cash—At DAVIES'S Old Established Warshoose, 63, St. Martin's-lane. Export •r Grocers' and Oil -shop Goods at lower Meas. COLD WINTER NIGHTS. November's set in with its mantle of snow, The boisterous wind from each avenue flows ; And as health is a blessing which no one should slight, " Try HYAM'S Greatcoats for the Cold Winter's Nights." The ball-rooms may tempt you to go in full dress, HYAM'S Temple is crowded with gems to excess; When homeward returning this caution don't slight, "Try HYAM'S Greatcoats for the Cold Winter's Nights." The theatres, concerts, and parties likewise, Are the strongest temptations which now meet your eyes ; Be careful of colds —you will find we are right, "Try HYAM'S Greatcoats for the Cold Winter's Nights." His Stock of Warm Clothing description defies, Its magnitude always engenders surprise; !Asa safeguard unequalled this caution don't slight , Try lIYAM'S Greatcoats for the Cold Winter's Nights." BYAM'S prices for Clothing are wonderful low, Whilst thousands of novelties constantly flow ; 2ne trial alone will convince you we're right, Try MTAM'S Greatcoats for the Cold Winter's Nights." LIST OF PRICES. READS MADE. £ s. d. C hesterfield Overcoats —from 0 10 0 Albert Capes, new style • .. ........ Parisian Sacs .•.••••• • • • • • • Devon Driving Capes, waterpr00f............ 2 2 0 The Improved Paletot, an extensive assortment 1 0 17 0 0 Balandran Walkinf Coats • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ' • • • The Registered Shooting •••••• • • " • • 0 0 1196 0 Dress Coats .. ..... • • • • • • • • • • • • Frock ..... • • 1 1 0 Thtbet Vests .„ ••• • • • • „ .......... 0 2 0 Black Satin—. ..... •.• •••• • • • • 0 6 6 . ••••••••—•• ,••••.• White Marcella, f or dress. • •• 0 5 6 Tweed Trousers...... 0 6 6 Black 0 10 0 Tunic and Hussar Suits .. •• . ..... ••• • • • 0 18 6 Wiater Blouses 0 4 6 MADE TO MEASultl. Superior Paletots ..............., „ ....from 1 10 0 Driving C0at5........ ... ..... Double-milled superfine Overcoats, of every style, beautifully made and trimmed. ••• • • 2 0 0 Dre55C0at5............ ..... ....... from 1 10 0 Doeskin Trousers, any c010ur.... 0 15 0 Black Dress Do. ...• • • ..... Tke most beautiful and newest design in Vests 0 9 6 Boys' llussar Suits .. ••••..• • .. • • • ..... • • Tunic ...... An immense variety of liourniag, of every description, kept con- Staidly on hand. Hats, Caps, and Hosiery at proportionately low prices. A single trial will be sufficient to convince any individual of the benefit they will derive from patroniiing L. lIYAM, Proprietor of the Pantechnetheca, 36, Gracechurch-street, London. No business transacted on Saturday, until the Evening. L 0 V E is the leading feeling of the human breast. More exalted than mere passion, it sears high above every other impulse of nature, and is not only stronger than avarice, but more engrossing even than ambition. No man is exempt from Ith influence, er can avoid its sway ; and business, pleasure, philo _B°PhY, and divinity itself become neglected under the enthralling Power if LOVE, which, unlike most things, increases in intensity With time, until it receives the sacred consummation of marriage. When union does not take place, however, this passion, this fervour, this golden tide of the manliest feelings becomes a deadly Poison in tke heart, which now darkens, as it before bright ened, all things upon earth. How is it that men, of most un changeable habits, will change at the very altar, and after a life time spent in the fulfilment of every engagement, snap the very con tract asunder which should be most binding to an honearable mind? It is the effect of conscience. The Lover, by enervation of early habits, er the results of secret disease, knows himself to be disqualified, and dares not enter a state which has been instituted by Law for the fulfilment of important ends. The wretched condition of such a being must subsequently be !n ib coYeetami s er a ble d measure disappointments on the object of his choice, and upon himself a desolation the most horrible, when the simple possession of natural attributes would change the scene, and yield to both a life of , I y on ed happiness. The subject is interesting , a nd deserves the lla atte l or all. These desirous of investigating it will find the Ildlest and most satisfactory i n formation in the little work entitledSELF-PRP:SERV A'rlO N. illnstrate4 by forty coloured engravings on the anatomy, pkysiologY, and diseases o f the reproductive organs . with practical observa leas sit tke secret infirmities of youth and maturity , res ultin g from Solitary habits, excesses, or infection. By SAMUEL LAILEBT, M.D., Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of tdi rgh, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Mall, London, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Ac. This treatise is the result of a long course of study in a peculiar and experience, h mach neglected b ranch of medical practice, an d the aut h or h a ving ob tsienal ained medical honours, is a guarantee for his profe.. - paril nehsi. s. ert ch has reference almost solely to the treat sent if time diseu La' imam OP TME weruE. on the Infir m iti es o f Y ou th and Maturity.—" There are -reties in the drama of life which are acted with no spectator but ,onscien • . and of these tke result is ever disastrous. Happy the 11 '1- 6 . 1141 who meets with a timely mentor to snatch him from the gulf allt_a w hich such scen es must plunge him 1 In the book before as .„: c n a monitor is t o b e found, calculated to warn and instruct the It'lg, with ou t impairing one idea that can vitiate a mind not al ntnY tutored b y the vices of which it treats. It is written in a style ; h i tteasterly precision and lucidity, blending the profoundest truths of pr od ,,"_l t l V 'y and physics with the loftiest precepts of morality. It is a ion calculated to confer a vital benefit, physically and morally, pr n o ''"2 ll who a re t empted from the rigid path of abstem i ousness and t au t!'tY• A father may trust it in the hands of his boy. By un la=ity inns , once the book is not, of course, needed ; but wherever aiii..hltkperiyev t a o iled, the tender yet awful voice breathing in Owe prove as strikingly beneficial as the admonitions of .....j nit tlY blended with the practical advice of a writer on medicine." pateeel Kingdom Magazine. rnoster may be had price 2s. 6d., of Kent and Richards, 52, stre e t , -row ; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Starie, Tichborne- Pi eet __, W anearket ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Mansell, 115, residet7reet ; or, free by pest, for forty-two stamps, from the author's l et "" , _Who may be consulted on these disorders personally, or '"" r e da ily. from:Ten to Two, or from Five toEight. BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON. oluar.7, IFS/ If Ai V- No. 17,51.5.] LONDON, TUESDAY E N N OVEMBER 14, 1848. EATHER'S TRU S T. Under the Management of the Clothworkers' Company. At the Court to be holden on the 6th of December next, this Company will DISTRIBUTE to SIX POOP. WIDOWS of De cayed Housekeepers the amouut devisable under the above Trust, being about Si. each. Applicants are required to produce a Certificate, or other proof of the death of the husband. The application must he made in writing, and must state such particulars relative to the Applicant as may be proper to be considered in deciding on her claim, and name refe rences from whom information may be obtained respecting the party, and for verifying the statement made concerning her condi tion and circumstances. All Applications are to be addressed as early as possible to the Company's Hall, in Mincing-lane, and none can be received and considered after the 23d of November instant. Printed Forms of Application may be obtained at the llall. ROBERT BECKWITH TOWSE, Clerk. Clothworkers' Hall, November, 1848. COTTISH WIDOWS' FUND and LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. Founded A.D. 1815, and Constituted by Act of Parliament. INVESTE I) CAP ITAL, Arising from the Accumelation of the Premiums, TWO MILLIONS. ANNUAL REVENUE, upwards of THREE HUNDRED THOUSAND POUNDS. This office is the oldest, and has all along been, and still continues the most successful in Scotland. The business has steadily and ra pidly increased ever since the Society was established ; and a more satisfactory proof of its present stability and the continued confidence reposed in it by the public cannot be desired than the simple fact, that notwithstanding all the trying changes and depresssiens of the times, the amount of assurances passed during the last twelve years has been, on all average, upwards of Half a Million annually, nor can there be much doubt that its popularity has been in a great mea sure, if not entirely, owing to the equity of the principles on which it is founded, and the manner in which its affairs have been con ducted. 1. This Society does not profess to insure at the lowest possible rate compatible with safety, but it does profess to secure, and does secure to its members, the full benefit of which such a society is ca pable. The profits of the society belong to the insured alone, and are appropriated amend them, and applied for their behoof ou princi ples of strict emlity. 2. In selecting the lives of the insured, the directors have always exercised great care and caution ; the practice being that of not af fording undue facilities to the admission of parties desirous of becom ing members, but of affording every facility towards their accommo dation after they have been admitted, and of settling every claim with the least possible trouble and delay after it has become due. 3. Every care is taken in accumulating and investing the funds ; and from their large amount, many opportunities of doing this profit ably present themselves to this society not opan to others. 4. The business of the society is conducted In as economical a mari ner as is consistent with efficiency. From the great extent of the business, and the comparatively small expense attending its manage ment, a considerable saving in this particular, as contrasted with all offices doing a smaller amount of business, must necessarily be se cured for the benefit of the members. b. The practical operation of the principles above referred to may be judged of from the fact, that in the event of the death in the pre sent year (after payment of the yearly premium) of a member in- Sused in any of the years from 1815 to 1819, for every 1,0001. insured, his representatives would receive...... • . .... • • • • • • • • £1,917 19 10 If insured in the year 1825 for 1,0001. they would re ceive •• • • • ....... . • • • ..... • • •• • 1,522 4 5 If insured in the year 1830 for 1,0001. they would re- From the operation of these principles also, it has resulted that there were appropriated and divided amongst the members : At the first period of the investigation, exactly two-thirds of the profits realised previous thereto. At the second period, nearly three fourths of the profits realised between the first and second periods. At the third period nearly four-fifths of the profits realised between the second and third periods. At the fourth period nearly six-oevenths of the profits realised be tween the third and fourth periods. Besides which, there has been appropriated and set apart, as a guarantee fund, in terms of the laws of the society, for the mainten ance of its stability (the property of the members alone), the large sum of upwards of 203,000/. Forms of proposal, and every nec , _sssary information may be ob tained on application at the Head Office, or at ally of the Society's Agencies. JOHN MACKENZIE, Manager. WM. GEORGE, Chief Clerk. READ OFFICE.-5, St. Andrew-- , quare, Edinburgh, October, 1848. OFFICES IN LONDON-4, Royal Exchange-buildings, and 7, Pall mall West. HUGH ➢PKEAN, Agent. COMMERCIAL HOUSE MARINE VIEW HOTEL, GRAND PARA.DI4, PORTSMOUTH. J. BURGESS, in returning his sincere thanks to his Friends and Visitors to Portsmouth, for their support since taking the above hotel, begs to inform Commercial Gentlemen that at the solicitation of many, he has appropriated a commodious Sitting-room and Sets of Apartments for their use. The House commands a view of the Isle of Wight, Spithead, St. Helen's, &c., and is close to the Victoria Pier. J. 13. flatters himself his Table, Wines, &c., will be found worthy of support. N.B. Good Stabling. 1 . 1 HE ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION, REGENT-STREET. A Lecture on Sanitary Measures c onnected with the Pr ogress of cholera and other Epidemics, by Dr. Ryan, daily, at Half-past Three, and en Monday, Wednesday, and Friday Evenings, at Nine o'clock.—Also on the ifanufacture of Gutta Perch*, by Dr. Bach hoffner, Mornings and alternate Evenings.—An entirely new Phan tasmagoria, by Childe, every Evening at Eight o'clock, witk ap propriate Music—The Dissolving Views, with historical descriptions. —The Chromatrepe, with New Effects.—The Microscope at One o'clock daily.—Diver and Diving-bell.—Working Models explained. Open daily from Eleven to Five , and in the Evenings (including Saturday) from Seven till Ilalf-past Tea. Admission, ls.—Schsols, Malf-price.—The New Catalogue, Is. INiICOLL'S REGISTERED PALETOT.—This most gentlemanly and useful over-coat retains its original mo derate price, and being adapted for the autumn and winter munths, has already been honoured wills the patronage of his Royal Highness Prince Albert, Prince George of Cambridge, Prince Edward of Saxe- Weimar, his Grace the Duke of Wellington, and the chief ornaments of the Court, the Pulpit, and the Bar. The above can be obtained in London only of H. J. and D. NICOLL, 114, 116, 120, Regent street, and 22, Cornhill. CANDLE LAMPS.-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.—Every improvement possible is now secured. A double chain spring. A detached cup to receive the overflow. Pu rity of light, caused by the intimate connexion is , oxygen with the point of ignition ; thus nothing is left undone. The designs are chaste or gorgeous. All tastes can be suited. English opal, or cut and gilded Bohemian glass lamps, and papier macho pillars richly em blazoned, to be had at all prices. The best and cheapest stock to select from is at the Establishment of the METROPOLITAN LIGHT COMPANY, RICHARD CLARK, Resideit Manager, 417, West Strand, corner of Adelaide-street. NEW GAS BURNERS.-ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.—Their names are, the Star—the Comet—the Golden—the Glass—the Ring—aid the Reflecting Burners. It is proved, beyond doubt, by men of Science and gas engineers, that no other Gas Burners bear comparison with them. Bright as crystal is the light. No smoke emitted. The most economical and the most elegant of all. The improvements are co evident, all should have them. VYEBROWS, MOUSTACHIOS, and WHIS KERS produced in a few weeks, and Baldness removed and Tevented by the use of GRIMSTONE'S AROMATIC REGIINE, RATOR, an essential spirit, drawn from aromatic herbs and flowers t few drops of which cure headache in a few minutes ; it is also a nest delightful, fragrant toilet perfume. Sold only in triangular bottles. protected by the Government stamp, at 4s. ; double the size, is. ; and double this size, lie, each ; enclosed in a Pamphlet, con alning testimonials of undoubted authority, entitled " Three Minutes' kkil` iCe on the Growth and Preservation of the Human Bair, &c." Ily post, 4s. 6d., 7s. Si,, and 125., for money orders only. Sold wholesale only at Grimstone's Barbary, Highgate, near Landon ; and by Messrs. Barclay and Son, Farringdon-street ; Sanger, Inford-street; Messrs. Butler and Co.,Cheapside Fisher and Toiler, lonEluit-street ; Mr. Johnston, medicine warehouse, 68, Cornhiil • nod by all Chemists, Perfumers, and others For Edinburgh, J. and R. itahnes,Leith-walk ; for Manchester, eresehe and ion, Adver 'Seer-office. LEIGH HUNT'S ACCOUNT OF LONDON. Now ready, in 2 vols. post . Bvo., with Forty-five Illustrations, price 24!. in embossed cloth, 0 N: ITS MEMORABLE CHARACTERS AND EVENTS, - - (From St. Paul's to St. James's). iy LEIGII HUNT. London : Smith, Elder, an 4 Co., 65, Corniaill. RACING OFFICE, 301, STRAND. The Distribution for the LIVERPOOL GREAT AUTUMN STEEPLE-CHASE will take place at the Strand Theatre, en the IGth and 17th of November. For Prospectuses and Lists, apply to Mr. Joseph Darcy, secretary, to whom Post-office Orders are to be made payable at the Strand Post-office. THREE -HUNDRED-AND-ONE, STRAND. The Managers of 301, Strand, beg to announce to the racing public that they are about forming a BANKING ESTABLISH MENT, to be called the Racing Joint Stock Banking Company, which, amongst ether advantages, will afford facilities of discount to members foram Turf; as also for the deposit of stakes for races, steeple-chases, &e., &c. ..4.n influential and monied Directory will be published shortly. LEA and PER,RINS' WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE is universally allowed to be the most Piquant and the Richest in Flavour of any Sauce in use, and for Fish, Gravies for Roast Meat, Steaks, Game, &c., or a zest for Curries, Soup, Cold Meat, it is entirely unrivalled. The unparelleled success of this Sauce having induced imitations, purchasers are particularly requested to see that the name of LEA and PERRINS are upon the Label and the Metallic Capsules, as also to read the Testimonials (which are enclosed with every bottle) from the residence of Royalty, the principal Club Houses and Ho tels in London, Edinburgh, &c. &c., and from private Families in the country. . Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 6, Vere-street, Oxford street, London, and 69, Broad-street, Worcester; Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other Oilmen, London, and generally by all dealers in sauces. BOND'S PERMANENT MARKING INK, the original and by far the best, requiring ao preparation, •ffers the surest meahs of protection for every Variety of household linen and wearing apparel against loss or mistake, for which reason be careful to ask for the genuine article, prepared by the inventor, JOHN BOND, 28, Long-lane. West imithfield, City. Sold by most Chemists, Stationers, and Medicine Vead•rs. Price Is. a bottle. A R R I A One half the wend are desolately single, and the other . supposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, sr a sense of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em. hitter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un comprosiag hurry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity, and broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness and social content. The dowry should not be the only marriage set tlement. Honour and justice demand that health sheuldferne as. item in the compact ; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes or ieglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if theso surmises concern yea, procure Dr. CULVERWELL'S little MEMOIRS "On Single and Married Life," pub. in 2 vele., Is. each (by post, is stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively refined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered ey mieinterpretatien of their supposed contents, from obtaining diem. They are not intended certainly for mere idle cariosity, but ter the closet perusal of those mere deeply interested, to whom they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone sr together, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other little publications claim your attention (same price Is. each, by post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and Avoid," and " How to be Happy." They aro not merely pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the mere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's life, who ewes his present existence, health, and position to this ob servance of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he would he done unto—te live after *attire's laws—and is keep always on the " sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of Sherwood, 23, PaternGsier-row ; Carvalhe, 147, Fleet-street • Mann, 39, Cornhill ; Nelson, 457, West Strand ; or direct (by post or other wise) from the anther (who may be conferred with personally, mornings and evenings), 10, Argyll-plate Regent-street; and all Bonksellen, SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S.—YESTERDAY. NEWPORT PAGNELL STEEPLECHASE. 3 to 1 agst Lord Strathmore's Red Lancer 10 to 1 agst Mr. Cartwright's Justice to England—t LITERPOOL STEEPLECHASE. 10 to 3 agst Captain Maddock's Proceed—taken 11 to 2 agst Mr. Buchanan's Alfred—taken 7 to 1 agst Lord Strathmore's St. Leger 12 to 1 agst Captain Barnett's Boxkeeper 15 to 1 agst Mr. Harrison's Venom 15 to 1 agst Mr. Holdforth na Wolverhampton The field for choice agst three. 500 even laid early in the afternoon on the three favourites and Wolver hampton agst the field. Proceed and Alfred were the only horses in favour; St. Leger was on the decline, and Wolverhampton, after being backed at 10 to 1, receded to 15 to 1. CHESTER CUP. 33 to 1 agst Mr. Pedley's Cossack 1,000 to 15 agst Mr. Bouverie's War Eagle 1,000 to 15 apt Mr. Eddison's Hetman Platoff colt — taken and afterwards offered 1,000 to 15 agst Mr. Osbaldeston's Fugleman taken and afterwards offered 1,000 to 15 agst Mr. Armstrong's Vesta—taken and afterwards offered 1,000 to 10 agst Mr. J. Scott's The Stinger—taken 40 to 1 was taken eagerly about Cossack, and, but in one instance only, 1,000 to 30. Nothing else in request. DERBY. 4 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's Flying Dutchman—take 9 to 2 40 to 1 agst Mr. Bowes's The Knout—taken to 2001. 40 to 1 agst Lord Stanley's Strongbow—taken 40 to 1 agst Mr. Holmes's Montague—taken PEDESTRIANIS'I. JAMES DELANEY AND RICHA.RDS.—The question of speed between these men received its solution yesterday on Wandsworth-common, the distance being ono hun dred yards, for 3/. aside, Delaney receiving two yards start. It will be in the recollection of our readers that Richards beat Seward a short time back in a " spin " of sixty yards. The men started between four and five o'clock, in the presence of 400 or 50 0 spectators. The betting ranged from 3 to 2 and 2 to 1 on Delaney, who never looked in better " fettle." After sixteen or ei;hteen false starts, Delaney bounded off with a slight lead, was never caught, and, after a good race, was de clared the winner by two yards. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. POST.—Though Sir Robert Peel be a very vain man, and though his vanity be not the less absorbing that it is sedate, it is difficult to believe that he should have taken any offence at not being invited to the Lord Mayor's " banquet" last Thursday. We should scarcely have supposed that even the total omission of any allu sion to him or his policy on such an occasion could have made him sore. And yet it appears from the journal whose daily duty it is to flatter him, that he ought to have been of the company, and that ke ought to have re • ceived all the congratulations on the preservation of the public peace in this country which were addressed to the Whig Ministers of the Crown. The journal in ques tion, after bedaubing in the most preposterous manner an unnamed statesman, describing him as one whose good government " has diffused contentment and prospe rity through every corner of our land (!!)--whose watch ful care has dried up the sources of disaffection, and left no seeds of bitterness to germinate under the unnatural heat of revolutionary agit at i on — w h ose m ild, v i g orous, and sagacious rule has taught the people of this country to have confidence in their Government," &c., &c., &c. —after all these flowers of speech, the journalist ex claims that he " remembers such a statesman, but can not find his name in the list of the company at the Lord Mayor's dinner." To the " candid wisdom," we are assured, of this gentleman, who was not at the Lord Mayor's dinner, to his " voluntary sacrifice of power and popularity, it was due that in February last the ouvriers of England were eating untaxed bread!" It n not to Lord John Russell and Sir George Grey, we are told, but to " the men who were unseated to make room for them, that the nation owes its thanks for its deli verance from bankruptcy and anarchy." Finally, the honest and independent journalist, unable any longer to repress the name of his hero, bursts- out thus:—" Lord John has had the good fortune to' - govern, at a time of unexampled confusion, a great nation tractable enough to be reined with a silken thread. History will record his name as that of the Minister under whom the English Constitution bore uninjured the shock of the revolution of February, whilst it identifies Sir Robert Peel with the great and;beneficial changes which he has wrought in our commercial policy : Let his contempo raries rectify the verdict, by assigning to the services of the one their legitimate connexion with the successes of the other." What sickening sycophancy I We remem ber, while Sir R. Peel was yet Minister, there was a subordinate member of the Government, who, though born a Lord, seemed to rejoice in the assiduity with which he could perform the services of a lackey. We could not but think of him in reading the lamentation over Peel's absence from Guildhall, and the extravagant nonsense with which that lamentation is combined. Even for two lines the writer of this fulsomeness cannot keep his mind to one point. We are invited to worship Peel because his was a voluntary sacrifice of power, and then to think little of the present Ministers in comparison with those who were " unseated" to make room for them. If Peel and his men were doing such extraordinary good to England, why did they voluntarily sacrifice their power? If it was no act of theirs—if they were really unseated through the disgust of some of their opponents and the ambition of others—if they were driven from power against their will, why call it a voluntary sacrifice ? But what kind of dream or delusion can it be, or what effrontery, which leads the Peelite journal to boast of contentment and prosperity diffused through every corner of our land ? Does not every one know 'that the very contrary is the real stete of the country ? Everywhere trade is depressed. Every where the working classes are out of employment. Everywhere, alas! we find gloom and sadness at the poor man's hearth; and even the once comfortable middle classes—the lately thriving tradesmen, and the merchants who when Peel came into office wore affluent are now full of depression and anxiety; some of them bankrupt, many of them forced to be indulgence from their creditors, and the whole manufacturing and mer cantile class of England and Scotland utterly disap pointed at the practical result of those free-trade mea sures from which they were taught to expect, and from which, unfortunately, they did expect so much. And as to the repeal of the corn-laws, even if that Act had done the good to the trade of England which it has utterly failed to do, it were strange indeed if Sir R. Peel should have the credit of it. If a commander to whom a be leaguered citadel is intrusted praises himself unceasingly for his devotedness to the cause which is attacked, and then steals out in the night and opens the gates to the enemy, it is not usual to assign to such a hero the tri umph of the conquest. Yet that was precisely the con duct of Sir R. Peel in respect to the corn-laws. " I should like to know v. Ito has done more than I have," he exclaimed, "in the cause of protection to British agriculture and in the support of the corn-la ws ?" This was his boast when no serious danger threatened the corn-laws—when overwhelming majorities of Tories and Whigs were voting in their favour. But when fortune turned, and the courage and constancy of an honest leader were required by the Protectiwista, then they were betrayed by Sir Robert Peel elk the servile band of mindless Lords and clever official men by whom he was surrounded. This was his share in the repeal of the corn-laws. And it may be observed—if any words of so faithless a man be worth noting—that in the fare well speech of Peel as Minister, he owned that not he had repealed the corn-laws, but Cobden, that man of " un adorned eloquence," before whose superior political sa gacity the Peel wisdom thought it not unbecoming to bow. The flatterer of Sir R. Peel asserts that the pre sent is " the feeblest Ministry that ever held office in a free country." We agree that it is a very feeble admin istration, especially miserable in finance, and especially mischievous in regard to Great Britain's foreign rela tions. But feebleness of political action and poverty of resource, though they be lamentable defects in a govern ment, are not so bad as incapacity to feel what is due to honour and honesty in the management of public affairs. Upon the wisdom of the Whigs we certainly place very little reliance, but we should be sorry to exchange even the Whigs for men upon whose word we could place no reliance at all. WEEKLY DISPATCH.—In any ordinary case, when a great measure is expected, it is but candid to wait and peruse all its details and conditions before we take any step to oppose it. But the threatened railway amalgamation, the attempt to put the most commercial half of England under the control, as to its traffic, of one company, is an event for the cornin g of which we cannot The histury of railways quietly wait. is before us. We have seen that already the road s of the kingdom have been monopolized in a manner which no other plan ever pretended to. Under the old turnpike system there might be but one road toa ak pl i a nb e m e, but its tolls were regu lated by the extent of m jobbery, the curse of our age and repairs; and some and country, was all we had to complain of. A coach passenger over charged a shilling on his sharefor turnpikes,might be in 200 or 300 miles. But there were as many coaches as the traffic would pay, competing, keeping down fa civility and imposition. No w it is and preventing in is one road, one coach, and one van concern. The railwayh company is like the li French Republic, one and indi v i • ne cessary for safety and regularity, b . b.ut it This is, perhaps, is in itself an undoubted evil. Se far from encouraged and extended, it is to be limited with the most jealous care. It is under nothing—nothing wh atever to.l be carried more the public, that, such monopoly they may c heaply, swiftly, and conveniently than they were l be fore. The public has a full right and title to the ad vantage of steam carriage, to all the benefit of. the pro gress of science , exce p tin g onlytvheata that part religiously to in be set aside to remunerate th e and thereby to enco urage new inventims- The railroad companies pan t ies t are Often traders, and nothing more. —.ten they h honoura bly even in that light. They are bound no to do o b e tter for the public than any other parties can do, if they keep their . monopoly—that is, better than any appliances, uot mere other parties using the same new old coaching concerns, but new railroad competitors. Monopoly can be held under no . other title. It is not easy to get to the entire depth of railway accounts; but we have already shown, with regard to the great Nor thern, that its dividend, if it were but 3 per cent. on its present capital, would be a handsome remuneration, con sidering how that capital has been created by new shares, given to shareholders at par, when they would have been sold in the market at more t han ce n t. per cent. If Par liament is applied to, it is b ound, in the first place, to have lull and clear accounts, not only of all such f a l se in crease of capital, but of th e wa y in which the capital has been expended. It ought strictly to investigate all the unrivalled rascalities of la w, stock• jobbing and con tracts. Parliament has already passed exceptional and extreme laws, immensely improving one property, de preciating another beyond p recedent, to give these people the means of working their trade, because they declared that trade should prove a public benefit. When they come to Parliament again, let what they have done b e seen first, before we enter i nto the consideration of what they desire to do. Let us see what sort of ste war d s they have been of this great public trust. We have some data as to their conduct, when we see forty millions in amount of new undertakings abandoned, the right to enter on which was won at an enormous legal expense, to keep other companies o ut of the field. Let us see what plea they can set up for demanding a social autho rity utterly unexampled. And let us cons ider the tri bunal before which they are going for this enormous extension of a bad monopoly. Is it too much to call it a tribunal of accomplice;? When we know that suc h or such a legislator has had h is opposition bought off by the payment of twice—aye, or of ten times, the value of his land; when we know that another has been, we will not say bribed, because the word is unwelcome, or bought , or—we are puzzled for a word —conciliated— aye , con - ciliated, by an allotment of shares, that even a bi s h op has solicited such an accommodation for a connexion and received it, that the system has been carried on till Mr. Hudson could stand up in the House of Commons and defy the Government to do that which it th oug h t just and necessary for the public weal, relying on sup port which, one way or other, was secured and bound to him—let us ask if the people ought not at once, not onl y to consider as much as they see of the measure, b u t t h e means of forcing their representatives to do them justice upon it. These three companies have not done buyin g up influence. They may not h ave shar es to give, but their patronage is enormous. When a legislato r cannot pocket premiums, he will not , we imagine, despise places for those who burthen him. The thing is quite in keep ing with the trade which faction carries on in the go vernment patronage. There is nothing to blush atabout it, when you are used to it. Among poor comm on men it would be dishonest rascality, among privileged ones it is a perquisite. Genteel people have genteel names for dirty things. Why may not a legislator have the dis posal of a tew offices as well as any other man? But it behoves the people to look to the working of this enor mous engine of threatening corruption. It behoves constituencies to tell their Representatives that, in this palpable particular, they expect them to be honest and unpurchased, else we shall have judgment against us without a hearing, passed by our own bribed servants. We are jea'ous, and we have great need to be so, of the Government itself, a s to p a t ronage ; con ducted, as that Government is, by two factions, which trade in partizanship. The mass of rich appointments in India are withheld from the Ministry of the day, upon the disgraceful, but accepted plea, that they would be given unfairly and for bad purposes. We make the holders of East India Stock place-givers, because we have not a Government that we can trust with its most natural fuections. Are we to suppose railway directors, the children of gambling speculation, more immaculate? But for the evils of heaping this great patronage upon the Ministers, the railways ought to be taken into go vernment hands, and their stock consolidated into a public debt. The French Provisional Government was not so much mistaken when it felt that the public high ways ought to be in the hands of the public authorities, and that the property which had been created by law, and by law only, on the plea of public utility, might quite justly, barring all pecuniary loss, be taken, arbi trarily repurchased, for the general good. If, in Eng land, we refrain from such a step, it must be simply because the companies " bear their faculties meekly." If they think to set up an " im perium in imperio," to amalgamate now by an undue and tyrannous Parliamentary influence, to increase that influence for all future occasions by the amalgamation, then to heighten fares, curtail opportunities, reduce accommodation at their pleasure, the compact they may get from the Parliament, the people will eventually break. The bad, corrupt bargain will not stand. The spirit of England will rise against it, as against the corn monopoly, and crush it, and oust them. They would do better to spare themselves and us the trouble. Even now their power is bitterly obnoxious. Put aside such samples as that of a beggar on horseback director controlling the time of trains to the public danger, for his own convenience of gossiping. Take the instance of stopping Sunday trains in Scotland, made lately noto rious by the case of the Duchess of Sutherland, who was thus preveuted from attending the death-bed of her father. It is the duty of Government to put down such vagaries. The public communication of the empire is not a matter for the direction or the choice of a com mittee of sectarian Pharisees. If they claim, as they practically do, the only means of traffic, these mast be used as society chooses, not according to their anti- Christian whims. And if Mammon is more worshipped by English directions than the devil of spiritual pride and intolerance, they will tax where the Scotch prohibit, if we give them the power; and steam travelling, instead of being the most important agent in unfettering and advancing the age, will be but the instrument of a new tyranny, founded on a baseness to which the system of corruption has rarely, if ever, produced an equal. EXAMINFIL—The experiment of high and low fares has been fully tried on railroads, and the failure of the one and the success of the other completely demonstrated; yet now that the great companies find their profits insuf ficient, their resource for improving them is, forsooth, the departure from the system of low fares, which has worked so well, and the return to the high fares, con demned by experience. The answer for which we are prepared is, "Oh, what are the companies to do ? They must make a profit—they must improve the shareholder. dividends."" But the question still remains how they are to effect this object by raining their fares, a step which in every past instance has proved abortive. It does not follow that because companies greatly want better profits that better profits must come of high fares. The neces sities of companies will not alter the laws (as they may be called) of travelling, amongst which is the proportion of the number of passengers to the cheapness. Of old, nature was said to abhor a vacuum ; but with strict philosophy railway companies should hate a vacuum, abhor empty or scantily-filled carriages, and such are the concomitants of high prices. The expenses of every journey are the same, whether the trains be full or half empty, and consequently the best thrift is such a rate of fares as will best fill the carriages by the cheapness tempting to excursions and journeys which would nut be thought worth while if the price were higher. A very seasonable paper on the sub ject of the railway system appears in the Statistical Journal, and adds ,to the many evidences in favour of moderate or low fares. The writer concludes :—" The railway system has doubled itself in the last three years. Fares have been greatly reduced—the number of third class passengers, the majority of which are of the work ing class, has largely increased. The importance and value of the traffic in goods and cattle, which may be much farther developed than it has been, has become more apparent, relatively to the passenger traffic. The number of trains is greater—the speed of some of those trains has been accelerated, and all this has been effected without any falling off in the average receipts on each mile of railway in working, but with an increase proba bly sufficient or nearly so to meet the increase in the working expenses attendant on the increased accommodation now afforded." But all this is at this very moment changed. Fares in stead of being reduced, are being raised, return tickets discontinued, the number of trains diminished, the pub lic convenience in every respect curtailed or sacrificed for the phantom of higher profits by higher fares. The system of return tickets has proved as profitable as that of moderate fares; indeed, it made part of the same system; but because it kas so succeeded it is to be abo lished, and the double charge resorted to, probably upon the calculation that a large portion of the public have fixed their residences out of town, relying on the con venience of return tickets, and that they will not be able to escape the new rule amercing them heavily. We be lieve that this expectation, and all expectations of the same sort, will be disappointed, as the pubiic in such cases defends itself by dropping into the next class. The present Lord Yarborough, dissatisfied with an ex tortionate increase of the fares on a certain line, set the example of travelling by the second class, declaring that he should continue to do so till the first• class fare should be more fairly adjusted. This is the only defence of the public against the screw. The rise of fares should cause every class to betake itself to the class of carriage below the one it has been accustomed to use, the first class becoming second, the second third, and the third Parliamentary. The rail roads are combining, and about to amalgamate; and the public has to take care of itself as best it may, and must not omit any of the defences in its power against the screw. If it bad appeared in any one case that raising fares had raised profits, there might be a disposition to submit to an addition for the benefit of companies whose properties are depressed; but the public fairly object to a system increasing its charges without any reasonable prospect of serving the interests concerned. It is expen sive to the one side, and worse than thriftless to the other. Of this the companies may be sure, that if they cannot obtain a profit from moderate fares, they will incur loss from augmented ones, or else all past experience is illusory. But something must be done to arrest the depression of railroad property, we shall be told. But because some thing must bo done it does not follow that the wrohg thing should bo done, which, however, is the common course in such cases of necessity, necessity being much more frequently the mother of blunders than of inven tion. The companies are tampering with the sound part of their systems to prop up the rotten. They have many disadvantages to bear up against, but putting the screw on travellers will have a result the very opposite to pro viding a support. The remedy for depression is not to be found in that quarter. The writer in the Statistical Journal, Mr. W. Harding, points to the roots of the evil in other quarters:—" Whatever falling off in divi vends there may have been is, therefore, hitherto to be attributed, in a general view of the subject, to additions to the trunk lines required in order to meet the in creased quantity of traffic consequent on the lowering of the fares, to the capitalization of loans, and the creation of fictitious capital, principally by the purchase of railways at premiums, and therefore at sums beyond what they actually cost. These being profitable opera tions when shares were high, were pushed to such an extent as now to press severely on the original share capital of railway companies. The great evil of the last three years is the extravcgant outlay of money which has taken place -.—an outlay which, instead of being checked by the Legislature, has been encouraged to the utmost by the mode of legislative inquiry adopted. This has inflicted on the railway system a burden which it will never be able to throw off, and which the public will always have to submit to—a higher rate of charge for conveyance than would, with common prudence, have been necessary. It only remains to stop this extrava gance with a strong hand. The very existence of the railway companies depends on the economy they can practise in making and working their railways, and no thing which, on the face of it, involves increased outlay —be it diversity of gauge and its consequence the mixed gauge, or be it under the more plausible plea of comp.- titiou—should be countenanced either by railway com panies or the Legislature, if we wish to secure for our selves the full fruits of that admirable invention which England and the English engineers who have followed in the steps of George Stephenson have given to the world." SPECTATOR—As in a flood from the mountains, the trickling streams unite now at this point now at thatt until the branching waters finally join in a silver lace ovtr the whole plain, so the lines of railways have branched out in all directions, until they have united here and there; and now three of the great arteries are about to join in ono system. It seems probable that the whole network will ultimately be one. What is already in negotiation is likely to save much cross purpose and waste of resources; as there will, at least within the re gion commanded by the three large western lines, be no competing for identical districts with duplicate branches for one traffic. There will be economy of materials—of Parliamentary expenses—of resources and outlay gene rally. A common fear, that the public will suffer from the ceasing of competition , we have before shown to be erroneous. The commodity which a railway company offers to the public is governed by other laws than retail traffic; or rather, from the vast scale of - the operations and the simplicity of their working, the laws which ought to govern trade are set forth so clearly, that self-interest dictates the proper course. The amount • of the fares on a railway is not determined by the original cost : whatever the cost may have been, the object of the company must be to extract • the largest amount of net revenue, and it is that object which determines the rate of the charges to the public. If fares were fixed too low, the expense of the working stock would entail a loss, and at some season the public would have to repay the temporary advantage by suffer ing diminished accommodation. If the fares were fixed too high, the traffic would be checked and the revenue would shrink. The point which steadily produces the largest amount of net revenue is the point at which the interests of the public and of the companies meet; in the long run fares must settle at that point, and they will do so the more readily for being undisturbed by competi tion. There is, indeed, one kind of reduction which is apparently advantageous to a railway company but inju rious to the public—the reduction in the staff of servants and in the rate of wages; which deteriorates the quality of the service and diminishes its amount. We see signs of such reduction in various quarters; but it is prinCipally in railways not included in the proposed amalgamation. This kind of reduction is one not altogether, we fear, checked by the interest of companies. Its worst result is personal danger to passengers; but as the cost of accidents may be reduced to an estimated average, it may be a question whether a permament saving of wages may not present a profit on the whole transaction, even allowing for the pecuniary loss by accidents. We doubt whether it would do so in the long run, because danger must tend to check passenger traffic; but as the traffic has hitherto been redundant in proportion to the travelling apparatus, com panies have not felt the full force of thanscrew. The evil, however, is one that is not reached by competition. In the absence of competition, the usual regulator of com mercial operations, some other is wanted; and we see none but official control by the Government of the country. In spite of warnings that ought to exercise a prospective judgment in a matter of such national im portance, the Government has suffered the railway system to grow up haphazard, with a very culpable lack of diligent attention; now, at this new stage of railway development, will the Government revise the system, and finally determine its own position? RAILWAY RECORD.—The all-important question which now engrosses the thoughts of the majority of railway men, is the policy which has dictated the reso lution of " the three companies" to unite their desti nies for better, for worse. Minor discussions are nearly forgotten in the interest of this absorbing subject. Our daily contemporaries have taken it up with a warmth which shows their perception of the interest taken by the general public in the issue •of this grand and unpa ralelled scheme of amalgamation. The Times, adhering to its characteristic of jealousy—we will not say hosti lity—towards the railway companies, reads several long homilies on the new conditions—meaning new conces sions, or new surrenders of pledged right and privilege —which the Legislature, in its patriarchal care for the " public" welfare, is, it seems, to require as the price of its compliance with the application for a permissive Act. We print, in another page, some of the lucubra tions put forth by our contemporaries on both sides of the question, and will briefly observe that the hubbub of " monopoly," &c., is just a sheer and simple absurdity, and nothing more. There are already fixed maximums of transit charge, modetate enough, in all con science, especially when considered in reference te tra velling charges in the old times, and which, amalga mate or not amalgamate, the companies cannot exceed. One might imagine, from the tone assumed by certain influential writers, that railway companies have no legal hindrance to making any charge they please—that there are no such things us maximums—and that un amalgama tion of the western companies, a " monopoly" of the western traffic—would at once (in the absence of new and special Parliamentary checks) be the signal for the commencement of extravagant fares. That Parliamen tary checks, ample, and only too much more than ample, exist already, is a fact which " dashing" leader writers find it convenient to overlook ; and thus we hear the bubble about the profits of the monopoly of the western traffic being " optional," " indefinite," " as much as the fortunate owners choose to extract out of it," &c. Such nonsense is gravely uttered by gentlemen holding the rank of prominent public instructors 1 The real difficulty in considering the propriety of asking for powers of amalgamation lies not in any danger to " public" conve nience which the measure could possibly involve, but in the question whether so sweeping andrevolutionary a step —such a departure from the plans of independent policy upon which railways have hitherto been managed, is indis pensable to the object of removing certain evils that have hitherto worked with terrific effect against the welfare of shareholders—we may add, against the wel fare of the " public "—but which evils, we have often asserted, and still unhesitatingly maintain, existed not in sympathy with, but in perfect antagonism to, the ge neral principles and tendency of the railway system as it has hitherto been developed under the administration of separately responsible corporations. In our own de cided opinion, all the mischiefs of mutual hostility and mistaken competition—of reciprocal opposition, Parlia mentary contention, financial prodigality, degrading scandal, which have been so sadly prominent in the course of the struggle between the establishments that are seeking to effect a complete Act of Amalgamation— might be put an end to without incurring the labour, the expense, and, haply, the risk involved in the prosecution of what we must again call so revolutionary an object. We do not think that, from this time forth—if we may take it for granted that all parties are quite awake to the grievous error involved in the hostilities of past times— true harmony of action and object will be quite as pro bable and attainable without amalgamation as with it. The incessait attention we have paid, through a series of years to the affairs of the establishments whose position is the subject of comment, and the know ledge and experience we have acquired in that time, combine to convince us that all the main objects that can be hoped for through " amalgamation" may be se cured by a much more easy process, without resorting to what some will consider an anomalous and inconsistent proceeding—a proceeding which, we feel strongly, is at least an unnecessary one. The best objects of amalga mation can be achieved more easily, if not more safely, on the understanding of an honourable and friendly in dependence, of which, however, it will be an essential consideration that charity, cordiality, and the desire to work out in concert all measures of common good, are substituted for anything of private jealousy, pique, and pride, which, it has been said, was at one time permitted to wield a sinister influence over the interests of proprie teries. The adjustment of relative terms, in completing the treaty of amalgamation, would, of course, form one of the most critical and delicate duties of the able gen tlemen by whom the negotiations may be conducted. But there are difficulties besides this; there is the Legislature to be dealt with; there is the change and sacrifice of many arrangements which have been matured by separate companies for their separate conve nience, at great outlay of labour, time, and money, and which would become useless to an " amalgamated " con cern. But it is unpleasant to anticipate these accumu lations of difficulty. The great point for consideration is—" Is the proposed measure one of necessity —one of vital necessity—to the welfare of the companies ? Is it impossible that relations of peace, good-will, and friendly co-operation can be established without it ?" If these propositions cannot be fixed positively in the affirmative, it may be argued, with much efficacy, that a policy pre ferable to amalgamation is open to the companies. But there is one grand alternative on which we cannot fear that railway managers will forsake their character as men of honour, fortitude, and integrity. Messrs. Glyn, Chaplin, Russell, and their colleagues, ventured on a great step when they determined on initiating a movement towards amalgamation. Now, we respect and appre ciate these gentlemen's merited reputation; and we must, therefore, feel safe in answering for them that, under no conceivable contingency that can arise, would they be induced to barter, for the contemplated " Per missive Act," any one iota of the rights of pro prietors to the personal management of their own pro perty. We feel safe in undertaking the assertion, that the managers of the three great companies would turn with scorn from the proposal to bind their constituents hand and foot, and to lay them prostrate and helpl ess before that "official" power which has so often exhibited its bungling incompetency to meddle with railway affairs beneficially to the companies or to the public. F rom such humiliation—from such infamy—it is not t o b e i doubted the honourable men n question would r eco il with disgust. Well they can distinguish th e treachery of an y overtures which, under the cloak of nominal in dependence, would make railway property a mere foot ball to afford pastime fur official whim. Well th ey k now how to clothe their language i n t h e terms b est befitting the rejection of so insulting a prop osa l ; an d well they must know how withering would b e t h e i ndignation of intelligent and properly a w a k ene d gatherings of pro prietors when tee base compact was submitted for their acceptance ! Let railway men fear not; let them think, and be ready to act. Official journalists may menace and bluster, but the railway proprietor knows he has gua ranteed rights—that he has British law and faith to pro tect those righ ts , an d t h at while he is true to himself, neither the bluster, nor t h e menace, can deprive him' of them. /./,' NOVEL NECK TlE.—Numerous attempts have been made of late yeas, without success, amongst our in genious warehousemen to provide a loose collar for the shirt, which should supersede the necessity of tapes, which are net only liable to rapid decay, arising from the starch, but, from their non-elastic character, press tightly, and therefore injuriously, if not fatally, ou the vital vessels of the neck. A plan devised by Mr. David "Jesse, of Manchester, meets these requirements, which by a simple and facile plan allows of the collar itself being arranged with accuracy to the stock, thus insuring a correct fit without any pressure or extra trouble. The combination neck tye, which as registered according to the Act, possesses other obvious advantages. Tan Two IMPEDIMENTS.—It is said a handsome young Yankee pedlar made love to a buxom widow i❑ Pennsylvania. lie accompanied his declaration with an allusion to two impediments to their union. N ame them," said the widow. " The want of means to set up a retail store." They parted, and the widow sent the pedlar a cheque for ample mesas. When they met again the pedlar had hired and stocked his store. and the smil ing fair one begged to know the other impediment. " I have another wife," cried the notion-dealer. DISSIMULATION.—There are lying books as well as lying words, dissembling smiles, deceiving signs, and even a lying silence. / 1/ Ic NAVAL IN TELL — PORTEIMOIITII, Nov. 13.—Admin Capel, K.C.8., the Commander-i: visit of inspection to his flag-ship, tk by his staff, this morning. he also;vi. the cadets' study and other impertai ternal economy of the ship. The AL satisfaction at the perfection and order in which the ship in every department. He was escorted over her by Flag -Captain Ch ar l es Ed en . Th e A d m i ra l then proceedd to the Rolla 10-gun brig, the school for the naval apprentices, and was much pleased with their ex pertness, and the admirable manner with which they acquitted themselves throughout all their evolutions. In the evening Captain Eden was entertained at a farewell dinner by his wardroom officers on board the Victory. His health was proposed by the president (Lieutenant Herrick, 1815) in a most feeling and appropriate ad dress. Captain Charles Eden, as is already known, proceeds to the Admiralty as private secretary to Lord Auckland. Commander M'Coy (1814) died at Southsea on Sa turday night, aged 66. He was an officer of much re pute. His services are briefly given in Allen's New Navy List thus:— " R. 11 4 Coy, Midshipman of the Fondreyant in the ex pedition to Egypt in 1801; Lieutenant of the Raisonable in Calder's action, and served on shore at the taking of the Cape in 1806; Lieutenant of the Narcissus at the capture of Buenos Ayres; of the Resolution in the attack on the French fleet in Aix Roads, and in the Walcheren expedition; Senior of the Swiftsure in the partial action with the French fleet off Toulon in 1813." The Stromboli steam-sloop, Commander Lord A. W. Beauclerk, was removed from the steam-basin to-day, and is now receiving fuel. The Medina steam-vessel, Lieutenant Commander A. Darby, sailed early this morning for the Mediterranean, ' calling at Plymouth for mails. Admiral the Hon. T. B. Capel, Commander-in- Chief at Portsmouth, having notified to the Admiralty that he has nominated Captain Francis Price Blackwood to be his flag-captain, vice Charles Eden, that Gallant Officer will be officially appointed to-morrow to the Vic tory, flag- ship. Captain the Hon. J. R. Drummond with drew from the candidateship in favour of Captain Black wood. THE WRECK OF THE RANGER.—By a private letter we are informed:that the Spy, 3, brigantine, Lieutenant- Commander George Western, was at Rio Grande, St. Vincent, Cape Verde Islands, on the 30th September, to which place he received orders (when at St. Nicholas) to proceed to render assistance to the Ranger, 8, Com mander Newland, wrecked there. The Ranger's crew were living on shore there, and the Spy having supplied them with provisions was to sail on the following day (October 1) for Sierra Leone. Doubts were enter taint d of the Ranger ever being made fit to return to England. STEAM-VEssees.—Circular orders have been received at all the ports from the Admiralty, requesting drawings to be taken of all steam-vessels not in commission, and to be forwarded to their Lordships. EXPERIMENTAL TRIAL OF THE SCREW -SCHOONER PLIIMPER.—The Plumper, 12, screw-schooner, Comman der Nolloth, went out of Portsmouth harbour this morn ing, at nine o'clock, to try her engines. Rear-Admiral Superintendent Prescott, Mr. Fincham, master ship wright, who designed the vessel, Mr. Murray, Capt. Cra croft, of the Revnard, screw-schooner, and a number of other officers anciscientific gentlemen went out in her. The most satisfactory results were obtained, and the engines, which worked admirably, were tested in every way. They aro by Miller and Ravenhill ; of 60-horse power, nominal ; oscillating cylinders of 27 inches sliameter, with a stroke of 2 feet ; her screw or fan has a multi plying power of two and a half, with a diameter of 9 feet, set at a pitch of 6 feet. Her draft of water was—aft, II ft. 3 in. ; forward, 10 ft. 7 in. The greatest speed obtained was 7.549 knots ; her mean speed at full power was 7.549 knots, working 46 revolutions, with a multi plying power of 244 her fan making 115 revolutions ; working at the lowest grade of expansion, mean rate of speed 5.779, making 35 revolutions—fan revolutions, 87i. But what puzzled the scientific gentlemen was, that, instead of their being any " slip" of the screw, the vessel actually gained on the screw 9 per cent. when at full speed ; and when working at the lowest grade of expansion, she went 12 per cent. faster than the screw. This, we presume, is a new feature in the screw propeller. The " slip" generally in screw vessels has been from 11 to 15 per cent. The Plumper's present screw, as we have before stated, is of 9 feet in diameter; but it would appear as if the power of the engine is not equal in power to w k it. When she went round to Portsmouth from Woolwith with a temporary screw of only six feet diameter phe made 72 direct revolutions, achieving a speed of ~22 knots. With her screw of nine feet she m a d e to-d Sy at her greatest power only 46 revolutions. It ieetberefore self-evident the screw is of two great a diamtr, and it will probably be reduced' by cutting/off so e nine inches or a foot from the extremities of the fans. The speed of the Reynard, the other screw-schooner, as usual, was much exaggerated, in tho manifold reports from Woolwich—in fact, there is no confidence to be placed in the hearsay statements (sent to all the news papers from Woolwich) of the speed of vessels tried on the Thames. The actual speed realised by the Reynard when light, was about 8 knots, but when deep, her aver age rate was ei, and, under favourable circumstances, 7 knots. At the former Wel of the Plumper, at the mea sured mile at Portsmouth, she went 7.22 with the small screw at her deep line ; but she was not coppered at that time. The engines of both Plumper and Rey nerd have the same length of stroke ; but we believe the cylinders of the latter are one inch larger. The Plumper returned into Portsmouth Harbour about four o'clock in the afternoon, having had a trial of six or seven hours. The Ajax, screw-steam-gun ship, was taken into the New Steam-basin at Portsmouth this morning, and had her broken piston taken out. The other pistons will be taken out and examined, and probably some alteration . made in them. This will be a work of a month or six weeks. It is generally believed that too much has been attempted with regard to the steam-chest, and that, like the Sidon, steam-frigate, she will be obliged to have s spare one erected above the water-line. Much, how ever, may be expected from the well•knowa and fertile ability of Mr. Field, of the firm of Maudeslay and Field, to overcome the difficulty. PLYMOUTH, Nov. 11.—Her Majesty's packet Seagull, 6, Lieutenant-Commander James Smail, sailed on Fri day fur Falmouth. Her Majesty's steamer:Hermes, with a detachment of the 82d Regiment for Pendennis Castle, sailed to-day. On her return she will proceed to Portsmouth, and thence to Woolwich. It is quite time that the Hermes should be withdrawn from this port, as her condition prevents her adequately performing the duties re quired from such a vessel here. On the 17th ult. she made an ineffectual attempt to proceed to Ports mouth, but was obliged to put back until the 19th, and on another occasion in coming from Porte mouth she was five hours rounding the Start. The fact is that the bottoms of her boilers are thin and leaky, and it has, therefore, for a long time been impossible for her steam to be got up to its proper power. A vessel in active service in such an indifferent condition reflects no credit on the British navy. Her crew will be turned over to the Confiance steamer, which is to be used as • tug at this port. Her Majesty's ship Cambridge, 84, having had a tho rough repair, will be taken out of dock on Monday; the Eagle frigate will be taken into dock on Tuesday. An order has been received from the Admiralty at the Deronport dockyard to make a return of the number of men who have been superannuated since January last. EMIGRATION. The passengers from the Stedfast have landed, and are now comfortably lodged at the depot, Baltic Wharf. Prior to disembarcation they memorialised the local emigration authorities to be allowed to remain on board, and for the vessel at once to proceed to Sydney. The six scarlatina patients continue under medical treatment, but are improving. Wind N.E. by E.; light breeze. THE ALLEGED FORGER BARBER. The following letter has been received from the lionie-effice by one of Mr. Barber's friends " Whitehall, Nov. 10, 1848. " Sir,—l am directed by Secretary Sir George Grey to acknowledge the receipt of the several documents which you have transmitted to him in behalf of Mr. W. H. 13,arber, who was convicted at the Central Criminal Court in April, 1844, of being- accessory before the fact to forgery, and sentenced to be transported for life. " Sir George Grey desires me to inform you that these papers have received his full and anxious consi deration, and he ha s sa ti s fi e d hi mself that there is suffi cient kground to justify his advising her Majesty to grant Mr. Barber a free pardon, which is herewith en closed. " But while he has arrived at this conclusion, from a consideration of all the documents in his possession, comprising very material circumstances which have transpired since the conviction, Sir George Grey feels bound to add that he sees no reason to doubt that the verdict of the jury was warranted by the facts proved at his trial ; and although he now believes Mr. Barber to have been free from any guilty participation in the frauds of which he was made the instrument, he thinks that greater prudence and caution on his part would have exempted hits from the suspicion to which his conduct in the transactions in question naturally ex posed him.—l am, Sir, your o ob ß e N di E ent servant,w LEWIS. " A. Stevenson, Esq., 19, Essex-street, Strand." RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, Nov. 13. STOOK EXCHANGE.—The market for shares has closed flatly this morning, and prices have receded. The sales are —Caledonian, Preference. dis.—Great Northern, 12% dis.—London and North. Western, 113 L4—Ditto, New Quar ters, 1 c. p.—Ditto (Huddersfield and Manchester), 22 Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 101. Preference 974—Midland Stock, 83—Ditto, New Halves, B%—North Staffordshire, .574 dis.—North-Western, 9 dis.—Sonth- Eastern and Dover, No. 2, 12 dis.—Ditto, No. 4, Thirds, 6% —York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 107—Ditto (G. N. E. Purchase), % dis. _ MANCHESTER, Nov. 13. STOCK EXCIIANGE.—The sales are—West Riding Union, dis.—South-Eastern and Dover. No. 4, 6 13.16—New castle, Preference, 3 4 dis.—North Staffordshire, 6—Leeds, Preference, 1/ p.—Leeds, 321. Shares, 84 1 dis.—Manchester and Birmingham, Quarters (A and B), % p. BIRMINGHAM, Nov. 13. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Shropshire Union, 443.3 d. dis. for the next account—South Staffordshire, 88s. 9d. dis. for the next account—Midland, 6; : i Shares, 113%--- Bristol and Birmingham, 4'4 p. A. quail was shot last week on the lands of Barbis. tun, near Dalrymple, by G. M. Cunninghame, El.q. This bird is rare in this locality, though in France, and i n . deed all over the continent, it is quite common. It i s about the size of a snipe, which it resembles in s h ape. The bill is like that of a partridge. As an article of food it is excellent.—Ayr Advertiser. SK - ,-T -- - 4 tel/gl'Srati4-',-'' I 1 tief,•tia.l4 fiiiii:!. r , - . ' . ait I t Vir-iecOry, led . ind - I4speavd: . • ' .e . • 4 41cit-el - q ol ' mzw ?\i`i 'es l "o. • . ,c-0 0 , 1•741%• - 2 - i•- ~ar. 4.k„. C kty Z.' ' •PA ; • •') •;"," SCIENTIFIC OPINION, Laboratory. Royal Polytechnic Institution, October 21, 1848. Sir,—After a careful examination of your New Gas Burners, which I have tested in comparison with the best hitherto known. I am compelled to acknowledge that your recent discovery is superior to all others in economy, and in the purity of the flame produced by it. By the simple, yet truly scientific arrangements of your burners, you have succeeded perfectly in obtaining the proper supply of air, both in quantity and position ; thus, the flame is, at all tines, steady and intensely luminous ; while even under suddenly increased pres sure, or during draughts of air, no smoke is given off. I remain, Sir, yours faithfully, JOAN RYAN, M.D., LL.D., Professor of Chemistry. Mr. Richard Clark, Strand. The whole of the burners are constantly burning' at the Establish ment of the METROPOLITAN LIGHT COMPANY, RICHARD CLARK, Resident Manager, 447, Wrest Strand, corner of Adelaide street. TO THE LADIEB. This lady had the following letter inserted in the "Tines" news_ paper on Aug. 7, 1546. Reader, remember, this letter was put !Tato the paper by the lady herself, as a testimony to me. " Mrs. Weekley, of No. 3. Swan-street, Borough, takes this oppor tunity of publicly thanking Mr. W. Grimstone, of the Herber'', High ;ate for the eftleacy of his Aromatic Regenerator, in having com pletely restored the hair en her head, after using it abont four months, and the whole of her hair is much stronger and more luxuriant than I - ever was before the baldness appeared. Mrs. Weekiey inserts this testimony to the virtues of Mr. G.'s Regenator, feeling assured that many ladies would gladly purchase an I le. bottle if they were as certain of its virtues as she is, from ex perience, not only in the restoration and production of hair in aisund s.lice, but as a cure of nervous headache ; as a toilet perfume its far beyond any to her taste. She will feel a pleasure in answering any 'ady of respectability to the above fact .-3, Swan-street, Borough." In eases of the hair becoming thin, weak, or turning grey, als w drops on the crown of the head occasionally, every week, will pre vent the hair from coming away with the coral), mate it strong, aid prevent it turning grey, rendering the hair luxuriant and curly. A few drips on your hairbrush before brushing the hair, will give the hair brilliancy, causing it to curl. The most delicate ladies may use this delightful product of the most aromatic herbs and Hewers with confidence ; its refreshing odour removes headache and makes it a most necessary companion to the toilet. In cases of nevous headache, pour te■ or twelve drops on the crown of the head; if very bad, repeat it every quarter of an hour. In most cases relief is certain in ten minutes. It produces hair on children's heads in a few appplications. It used on infants' heads, it has such a peculiar cooling influence on the brain as to pre vent convulsions, as well as promoting the growth of hair.—See pamphlet of testimonials. All letters addressed to William Grimstone, Tlerbarv, Histbgato. ON' NENWITS DEBILITY AND GENERATIvE DISEASES Just published, the Thirty-sixth Thousand, as improved attic's, re vised and corrected, 120 pages, price 2s. ia a sealed envelope, or forwarded by the Authors, post paid, to any adßress, secure from observation, for 2s. 6d., in postage stamps, illustratel with no- merous Anatomical Coloured Engravings. ANHOOD: the CAUSES of its PREMA TURE DECLINE, with Plain Directions for its PERFECT RESTORATION. I Medical Essay on those Diseases of the Generative Organs, emanating from Solitary and Sedentary Habits, indiscriminate Ex cesses, the Effects of Climate and Infection, &c., addressed to the sufferer la Youth, Manhood, and Old Age ; with Practical Remarks en Marriage, the Treatment and Cure of Nervous and Mental De bility, Impotency, Syphilis, and ether Urine-Genital Diseases, by which even the meet shattered constitution may be restored, and reach the full period •f lite allotted to Man. The whole illustrated with numerous Anatomical Engravings on Steel, in colour, explain ing the various functions, secretions, and structures of the repro ductive Organs in health and disease ; with instructions for private correspondence, cases, &c. Ey J. L. CURTIS, Surgeon, 7 , Frith-street, Soho-square, London. _ . _ " Manhood. ; ' A Medical Work.—To the gay and thought less we trust this little work will serve as a beacon to warn them of the danger attendant upon the too rash indulgence of their pn•isions, whilst to some it may serve as a monitor in the hour et tempta tion, and to the afflicted as a sure guide to health."—Chronicle. " Manhood.' By J. 1,. Curtis.—Their long experience and re putation In the treatment of these painful diseases is the patient's guarantee, and well deserves for the work its immense cirulation." —Era. • Curtis on Manhood' should be In the hands of youth and old age. It is a medical pub lication, ably written, and developes the treatment of a class of painfu l maladies which has too long been the prey of the illiterate a nd the designing."— 'United Service Gazette. The Parent, who beholds his beloved child pining away, and fast approaching to a premature grave, in consequence of some disease, which, for want of careful investigation of its real cause, has been set down to the score of consumption, will, ou perusing this work, be astonished to find, that in nice-tenths of the cases of young per sons of both sexes, who perish of what is called pulmonary con sumption, heart disease, tabes, &c., the sole and exclusive origin has been the indulgence in certain destructive habits practised by youth much more frequently than it is at all suspected. N.B. Hours of consultation from Eleven till Two, aad Six to Eight in the Evening. Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel. ON PHYSICAL DISQUA.LICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA CITY, &ND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. New Edition, enlarged to 196 pages. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or by pest, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps, rHE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on the infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex cessive indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury, with remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis qualifications. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. By R. and L. PERRY and CO., 19, Berners-stroet, Oxford-street, London. Published by the Authors : sold by Strange, !l, Paternoster-row ; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street ; Starie, 23, Titehborne street, Haymarket ; and Gordon, 146, Leadenhsdl-street. PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive organs, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings. PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive:ou '. gene°, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative Incapacity. It is illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings. Faux 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for their treatment. The consequences of early neglect and of the abuse of mercury, are also clearly pointed out. This section is illustrated by Seventeen Coloured Engravings. PART IV. treats of the Prevention of Disease by a simple ap plication, by which the danger of infection is obviated. Its action is simple but sure. It acts with the virus chemically, and destroys its power on the system. This important part of the Work should be read by every Young Man entering into life. PaaT Y. is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its duties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into. THY CORDIAL BALM or SIR:IA(I3M is exclusively employed in treat ing nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., lis .and 335. per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symp toms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, 11s. and 335. per bottle. Perry's Purifying Specific Pills, 'As. ed., 4s. 6d., and 1 Is. per box, a certain emedy in gonorrhoea, sleet, strictures, and chronic inflamma tion of the bladder. Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. 41. Packets with advice to be had at the F-stablishmext only, by which the fee, /., is saved. Attendance daily at 19, Berners-street, from Eleven til Two. and Five to Eight; on Sandays from Eleven to One. SHIP PROPELLING. Yesterday Captain Carpenter, R.N., exhibited, at the Polytechnic Institution, before Lord Auckland, Captain Ellice, Mr. Lloyd, and Mr. Edye, of the Admiralty, a model of his invention f , r obtaining increased power of propulsion from the screw propellor, as applied to ships of war. Instead of having one large screw in a central position, Captain Carpenter places two smaller screws, one on each side, near the stern of the vessel. Each of these is connected with a shaft attached to the engine, running inside the vessel for about two-thirds of its length, when it is passed through to the outside, and the propellor is attached to it. The advantage obtained is a capability of increased speed, from the more rapid revo lutions of the screws; while, from their being smaller, they are loss liable to break, and if one breaks the other acts. Increased steadiness of motion is also attained, while, when the vessel pitches, the action of the screws is not so liable to be suspended. One advantage is ob tained, in the increased stowage room allowed in the vessel, by displacing the central shaft. Captain Car penter calculates that, even in proportion to the ordinary rmwer, there is, by his invention, a slight increase of speed; but his reliance is upon the oppor tunity afforded for vastly increased power without risk ing the breaking of the screw. What amount of speed can be obtained it is at present difficult to ascertain; but means are afforded by this invention, which in theory at least, is an advance upon the old screw pro peller, for testing the resistance of fluids—an opportu nity which it is of importance not to lose sight of, even in a scientific point of view. Another advantage at tained by this invention will be to obviate the disadvan tage now experienced in tacking a vessel when the screw has been removed; but, on the other hand, it is worth inquiring whether the more exposed position of the screws may not prove a disadvantage in action. Cap tain Carpenter has already tested the value of his in• vention on a small scale by applying it to the pinnace of the Geyser, to the satisfaction of Lord Haddington and Sir George Cockburn. The pretensions of his in vention are sufficiently important to warrant a trial en a larger scale, because there can be no doubt that such an increased speed as he hopes (though his expectations are modest) to attsin would be, if it could be accom plished, of inestimable importance to the steam navy of this country. The screw chiefly employed by Captain Carpenter is the fiat screw presented by the late Mr. Shorter, and his survivine. partner, Mr. Taylor. The curved screw, for which also a patent is out, does not appear to present any perceptible advantages over the fiat one. To Scouß FLOORS. —Mi x one pint of slaked lime with three parts of common sand, and scrub the boards well with a hard brush and this mixture. It brings the boards white and clean without the use of soup, and with less labour. ( iy~~ -jaZ g ' , 2 , - - , • ..r a, . it't 4, '• ilt s /7 1at.....,, , ; . P . - ..1.: ,2" '''' . - .:r , - [PRICE SD. i ~~. ,~, ~ t( 1