The Sun. — London, England, 1866-07-31 00:00:00

TIM .IIST: (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) PRESBURG, HUNGARY, July 25. If the sentiments expressed by the officers around the person of his Imperial Highness Field-Marshal the Archduke Albrecht be held by a large portion of the Austrian army - , it may fairly be assumed that, though the defeat of Koniggratz weighed heavily upon their spirits and produced much discourage ment, officers and men as a body are prepared to continue the struggle, and look on a diplomatic in tervention with an unfriendly disposition. There are two parties in the army—one for peace, and the other for war. The party - for peace is not at all of the Peace "[party, as we understand it in England. They say— "We were not ready for war. Prussia was fully pre pared, and had been making all her calculations and her plans at least two years ago. Our staff was ill-organised— hers was perfect ; our magazines were empty—hers were full of new stores. She has gained allies or crushed neu trals all over Germany—we have lost both one and the other, and have scarcely any assured friends able to fight for us. We are armed and manoeuvred on the old plan— she has come into the field with a terrible improvement on the muzzle-loading rifle and with a new system of tactics, which she invented specially to meet and defeat the French in case of need. Our men somehow or other have lost con fidence in their leaders, and our leaders are old and incom petent. Their men are flushed with victory, and have un bounded reliance in themselves and their Generals. Be sides, we have been so unfortunate, and have lost so much in men and material and territory in the field, that we have scarcely a hope of success. Let us make peace, then, on the best terms we may, and using peace as Prussia did to prepare for war, let us, as soon as we are ready for it, regain all we have lost in a vigorous and decisive cam paign, just as she has won it." The war party in the army, on the other hand, say : "Let us continue the war now or never. Austria is not lost with one battle. We can avenge Koniggratz and in flict a terrible defeat on the enemy which will be more de cisive than her victory. We have 60,000 troops who have a burning desire to meet the Prussians, and at least 100,000 more who have never been seriously engaged. Our artillery has not suffered, our cavalry is still formidable and full of contempt for the Prussian horse. Our infantry is fast re gaining its old morale, and is still magnificent in physique, and we can show the enemy very different troops from the ' boy soldiers' of the Kaiser they bore down at Skalitz and Jicin. We are making breech-loaders, we are learning from our enemies, and we will no longer trust to our bayonets and close quarters. Can we be worse off than we are? The Prussians speak as if Vienna were theirs already now, but if the war goes on they will find that they have only won the opening moves of the game. They are far from their supplies and their bases. We have the command of all the railways but one. They are suffering from sickness, their transport is failing, their artillery and cavalry are becom ing crippled, and officers and men are anxious to rest on their laurels. If Hungary is propitiated we canobtain hun dreds of thousands of recruits, and even without her we can fill the ranks of our army, while Prussia has been ob liged to call up the second reserve of her Landwehr. Good generals will come to the front, and even if all goes against us our existence is a political necessity, and in the hour of our need States now aloof or indifferent must come in and cast their tegis over Austria. At all events let us try if the army before Vienna cannot reverse the decree which Europe pronounced on our defeat at Custozza." The best officers, perhaps, belong to this school, for there is in the Austrian something of the Eng lishman. He has faith in his own powers, and can not believe he is altogether beaten. Most of the men, they say, are ready and eager for a continu ance of hostility, and although the " croakers" may be loud and vigorous, it is said they are not so nu merous as the noise they make would lead one to suppose, and that they typify the old fable of the grasshoppers on the bank. But while we are specu lating on these things in Presburg, all doubt as to peace or war may be over in London, and the result of the five days' suspension of arms may be already known. The hour of noon on next Friday will have passed before this letter reaches England, and you will be able to determine whether it is to be war or peace. I had intended to leave Vienna on Monday afternoon, but a command to dinner from the A rch duke Albrecht for my colleague and myself prevented my departure till yesterday, and as the truce had commenced there was nothing to do at Presburg except to visit the field of Blumenau, where the action took place on Sunday which was suspended by a parlowntaire from the Prussians at noon in the middle of a warm engagement close to the place from which this letter is written. The news of the naval victory had put every one in the best possible spirits, and if anything could add to the satisfaction with which that event was regarded it was the news that Benedek had got through the defiles and was close to Presburg, though he had not got off unscathed or without hard fight ing on more than one occasion. The Prussians had already reached the banks of the Danube. The victory over the Italians was scarcely antici pated. They were superior in numbers and in ar mament, as well as in the quality of their ironclads. Nay, more, Admiral Tegethof had reason to doubt whether his sailors of Italian origin or affinity would fight ; but, with a courage and skill which have already no doubt been duly recognised in England, he led his fleet against the enemy, and in wooden ships repeated the experiences of Farragut against ironclads of the best construction, and achieved a brilliant success, which will, it is argued, go far to shake the confidence that cuirassed vessels of war are invincible. The Dalmatians have sud denly become heroes, and Tegethof is an Aus trian Nelson. The Archduke Albrecht may be regarded as the head of the war party next to the Emperor himself, or rather the Emperor and he may be considered as the most resolute opponents of any peace which is based on the dismemberment and de gradation of Austria. The Archduke has been vic torious in the field. The Emperor sees around him an enormous army and a proud nobility unwilling to accept the campaign in Bohemia and Moravia as a final verdict in their trial of strength with Prussia. The influence exercised bypersons and parties in such elevated stations would be conclusive if Hungary were in better temper, and if the people generally were bent upon continuing the contest. But the attitude of Pran ce i s so equivocal, the conduct of Bavaria has been so dilatory and delusive, not to say dastardly, Russia has been so cold, and England so little friendly that Austria feels she must rely on her own strength and on any weakness displayed by Prussia for success, and, looking behind and around her, fails to perceive the union and enthusiasm which might sustain her in a more formidable crisis. If there were, indeed, an "insurrection" in Hun gary-, if there were a popular call for the " Lands turm," if all classes, high and low, rich and poor, were instant and urgent for war, there can be no doubt what the result of the negotiations would be were Austria asked to accept humiliating condi tions. And, indeed, to one who does not look beyond courts and camps, saloons and soldiers, it would be hard to believe Austria was brought very low. Yesterday, before I continued my journey to Presburg, I turned aside to witness a review to - which my companion had been invited, about five miles outside Vienna. Early as the Austrians are, there were not many people stirring in the streets as we drove down Karnthnergasse except soldiers, for the parade was ordered for eight o'clock, and we were advised to start at six o'clock punctually. TheNielitschiener (I may as we ll exp l a i n f or t h e benefit of the curious and puzzled that Nielitschien is the name of a place where they make a sort of britska, and the vehicle in question was one which belonged to the late Prince Esterhazy, which I pur chased out of hi s vast store of coaches on my arrival in Vienna) rolled over the stones in a way peculiar to itself, passing through streets and suburbs, out o f which soldiers' faces were window, looking, apparentl peering from every theme below the m . Y, at more so ldi ers on p I must say that odious as are the contrivances of many military tailors all over the world, nothing can compare in ugliness with a forage cap worn by the Austrians. Those who remembe r a ki nd of night cap, turned up at the sides, with which the Guards at home were once afflicted—and may be, for all I can remember—can form an idea of what this article is by realizing an ill-made flabby imitation of it in blue cloth, with turned up flaps at the sides, and put on anyhow, for if a soldier can put on an article of dress the wrong way he will do so. And a propos of that, I may relate a little anecdote of a captain of Austrian artillery in Italy. his battery was under a tremendous fire. At one gun there was only one man left to work. The captain went and helped him to serve the piece, and round after round was discharged, till the officer suddenly, in an interval of loading, exclaimed, " Schmidt ! how dare you have your shako on your hearl in a way contrary to regulation ?" There I leave him and return to the Austrian Welsh wig with an anathema, for independently of its original Ein of ugliness is superadded a frightful feature—a white bandage of linen round the head and under the turned-up flaps, which leaves the top of the cap uncovered, so that the wearer looks as if he were wounded or just out of hospital. In spite of this and the grey overcoat the soldiers looked well, and swarmed in and out of the houses in which they were billeted in a quiet, contented way, as if they were satisfied with their quarters. All the suburbs were filled with them, and at every few hundred yards small parties of horse and foot es corting baggage or waggons, or busied about some of the duties which keep so many men in an army for ever employed in war time, came out from or went towards Vienna. The fields were dotted with encampments of trains and waggons, and in rather a low lying spot we recognised the camp of our gal lant Hungarian Col. Von Nadosy (he is partial to swampy ground), who has brought in the Head Quarters train lately belonging to the North Army Haupt Quartier staff in a hard march of five days from Olmutz, after many hairbreadth escapes. Although I have used the word encampment, the Austrians carry no tents ; when they are not pro vided with shelter in houses they sleep in their coats in the fields. Staff officers in gold laced cocked hats with large waving green plumes, green tunics, gold laced and yellow sashes, passed along towards the review ground, and we passed a fine group of led horses belonging to the Emperor and the members of the Imperial family, with well-appointed grooms, bound for the same place. Turning aside from the highway out of Vienna, which runs parallel for a short way with the railway towards the south, we passed through the village of Ober Laa and the hamlet of Unter Laa, and came out on a prairie-like expanse of rolling fields, on which the corn had been cut, so that the men could not damage the crops. Columns of dust, through which flashed barrel and bayonet, showed that the various regiments were still marching to their ground, and we came upon some of the Archduke Albrecht's staff at a little church outside Unter Laa. Here we mounted our horses and rode over to the front of the troops to be reviewed. They consisted of three brigades of the Fifth Army Corps commanded by Gen. Hartung and eight batteries of artillery, but their cavalry had not yet arrived from the South, though close to Vienna. As each brigade consists of two regiments and one Jager battalion, the strength of the force on the field ought to be by regulation of at least 35,000 men, but it was not, I think, more than 24,000 or 25,000 men. The Fifth Army Corps has just come from Italy, where it took part in the action of Custozza, and Hartung is considered one of the best officers in the Austrian army. Nothing could exceed the steadiness and order of the troops, and in stature, bearing, and appointments they were all that could be desired—except one was fanatical about breech-loaders, and Garibaldi shirts, and Zouave breeches. The infantry were nearly, if not all Hungarian regiments, and as the eye rested on their bronzed faces, the long lines of clean white tunics and the well-turned limbs in the tight fitting light blue pantaloons, he might be pardoned for taking them to be as good as any infantry in the world. The nightcaps and great coats were dis carded, and in the shako each man wore a sprig of laurel or a bunch of green leaves. The white lines were set off by the plumed bonnets and dark tunics of the Jager battalions, and as the whole force was drawn up in columns of battalions, in two lines, to economise space, there was an appearance of solidity and strength about it which even the shock of battle might fail to dissipate. The artillery was in good order, though the Woolwich gunners might criticise the lightness of the horses if they did not know how light the guns were also. General Hartung and his staff, on the right flank of the corps, awaited the arrival of the Emperor, and a few peasants—men and women from the farmhouses and hamlets— came out to enjoy the sight, and were allowed to come unveied of bullying sentries close to the troops, but did not venture inside the line of field officers mounted in front. In the plain in front a party of gamekeepers were training their dogs for the opening of the shooting season, and breaking them to the fat hares which started up on_ all sides and went lolloping away in a deliberate Aus trian sort of way, with their huge ears erect in the stubble. Presently the faint reports of artillery announced that the Emperor was on his way, and two carriages containing members of the Imperial family drove on the ground. About half-past 8 o'clock a pillar of dust, which spread out over the plain, bore rapidly towards us from Unter Laa, and in the midst, enveloped in an escort of generals, aides de-camp, and staff officers, and splendidly mounted, rode, erect and well in his seat, the Emperor Fran cis Joseph, an Imperial Hapsburg in stature, face, and bearing. He was dressed in a light-blue tunic, with gold and white and red sash, a gold-laced cocked hat, with a large waving green plume, and cavalry overalls ; and, although those who know him best say he looks altered and is shockingly thin and worn, I only saw a man, clear-eyed, a calm face, with a serious expression —an English-looking face with a heavy light moustache and light whiskers — with a tall, slight figure, lithe and active. With him was his Imperial Highness Archduke Albrecht, his Imperial Highness (his son) Ludvig, the Crown Prince of Saxony, the Cro ifn Prince of Hanover, and the officers in attendance on them, with their escorts. It might well be called a " brilliant" staff, and the effect, as they all galloped down the line, the colours lowered, the troops saluting, the bands play ing " God preserve the Emperor," was one of those things to be seen and not described, which gratify some secret hankering after the pomp and circum stance of glorious war, and render the eye for the time the master of the mind and of all the emotions. When the Emperor had ridden down the ranks he came round to the front of the corps and dismounted from his horse. Then, advancing close to the men, he, in loud, clear, and ringing tones, addressed them ; but his Majesty was so far in front of his staff that only a few words of what he said reached them. He thanked them for their courage and for their victories and for their devotion to Austria, which might be again tested, and then, ending with the words— " Once more I thank you," he proceeded on foot to distribute to a number of non-commissioned officers and privates decorations for their conduct in the field, addressing each man by name, and affixing the medal with his own bands. The officers who were promoted or; decorated for the Italian campaign were drawn up apart and acknowledged his Ma e marks times f w with Imperial their k sby not saluting reeei v e three th fsjaewsvotoyrud'ars,dtbilirul did tly on the field. There were probably 300 in all who were selected for the various distinc tions of orders and decorations, an d one could not help thinking thatif spirit te which h ora i z e beenrewards ca are given l°Pe the defence of nations it is a more rational thegi v e e n h e t a o p d ev e way to select men from the mass than to give away bushel loads of medals to all thnse,whatever be their merits or demerits, their dangers or their sufferings, engaged in a campaign ; so thatthetshoe m ld s ie a rw e ho el w as a p s writing in an orderly-room has as the man who stood inside the Sandbag Bat tery at Inkerman, and h on, and the man who chargedte man who looked into the Russian p g a u s n t s t a o t B okp al l a a k ee lav a a t w a e s a w r i t n h g e in sa g m p e ac b e r . an d. 11 T e h m e ennmarch not carry packs, and wore their greatcoats folded and and put round th e b o d y over the shoulder, looked in all respects as well as any troops could do in the world. As soon as they had passed each regiment marched off, and at the close the Emperor and his Staff returned towards Vienna, and we dis mounted and continued our journey to Presburg. A drive by a country road brought us to the large village of Schwechat, famous for its beer; and the Austrians are resolved to defend the establishments for making their favourite beverage against the en vious and marauding Prussians with vigour, if we might judge by their preparations and the force in which they occupied the place. What it costs to be a great military power ! Above all, what it costs if the pretension to be so is not sustained, and if a greater military Power is able to demand of its unsuccessful rival, knocking loudly at her doors, the money for maintaining the two establishments ! If all these strapping, long-legged, bright-eyed, lithe Hunga rians had been in Klum on July 3d, about 2 p.m., what a change might have been made in the history of the world ! And now it is said that one Mr. Deak, a plain Hungarian gentleman —more potent in his way than any soldier-4as been able to take a very high tone with the King of Hungary, be cause his countrymen in the markets were not on that little hillock. He is believed here to have told the Emperor in his interview with his Majesty on the 19th July that he ought to make peace and to have adhered tenaciously to his programme of a Liberal Ministry for Hungary, with the Vice Presi dent of the Lower Chamber as President or Prime Minister. Beyond Schwechat the road branches, one chaussee running parallel with the banks of the Danube towards Presburg, the others striking off to Bruck. Heavy columns of infantry, cavalry, and guns were visible at intervals march ing from Bruck towards Vienna on our right, which we learnt afterwards belonged to Bene dek's army, and several squadrons of horse and some field batteries passed us with their forces in the same direction, the men so covered with dust that their uniforms were scarcely discernible, and their faces and moustaches were of a pumice -stone hue and aspect. They belonged to Benedek's army also. At Fischament, a large village about a third of the way to Presburg, we halted to feed horse and man. The little inn was full of soldiers, and in the court-yard, stretched on the stones, thinly covered with straw, lay snoring in the sun the owners of indiscriminate heads, legs, bodies, and arms, amid stacked firelocks and lances. The fat landlord uttered a tremendous grunt of something between indignation and amaze ment when we asked him if he had any trout for dinner. "My God ! trout ! Why there are soldiers here who devour everything. They would eat the very sand of the river. Trout, indeed 1" And so we took to a bread soup, and veal and pig instead. The soldiers belonged to Ramming's corps, which we had left behind us at Olmutz, and their stained accoutre ments and worn shoes told their tale of long march ings through the Waagthal. The valley of the Danube is close to the road beyond Fischament. Down below us runs the mighty river, in many chan nels, so screened with heavy timber on innumerable islands that the eye seldom catches a glimpse of the main stream. The right bank is high and steep, the escarp of a great plateau. The trees below us, high as they rise, do not come within a couple of hun dred feet of the cliff-like bank, and on the other side the forest stretches out wide and flat towards Schonau, Orth, Mansdorf, Croatwagram, and other places now occupied by the Prussians. On one side, at every quarter of a mile or so, was perched a white-coated dragoon, en vedette, watching the oppo site bank. Here and there a picket of Jagers kept guard and looked keenly across at the woods ; and once, and once only, we saw at the other side of a wide reach of the river some soldiers of the enemy's pickets near a little hamlet, but their main bodies were inside the line of the Reuss which flows into the Danube above Presburg. The scenery along the whole of the drive was interesting on the left of the river, but on the right an expanse of cornfields ex tending to the blue ridges of the Leythagebirge did not offer any attractive features. It was to be ob served that there were no preparations visible at the best positions for putting guns under cover to sweep the river, but the bank is in itself a formid able addition to the obstacles presented by the river itself to the passage of an enemy. Passing through Elend and Ragelsbrun, we made another halt at Petronel to rest the horses. Here there are large Imperial manufactories of tobacco, and the weed is largely cultivated along the road. Detachments of troops marching down towards the river and the parties they relieved returning from duty gave ani mation to the scene, and gave the traveller an oppor tunity of becoming acquainted with the appearance of all the different branches of the Austrian service. Toward evening we reached Hainburg, and the sun was setting behind the ruined castle which crests the Lofty crag over the city of Presburg before we reached . _ _ the bridge of boats over the Danube—familiar to every traveller from Vienna to Pesth. The river rushes swift as the " arrowy Rhone" itself, awl as broad as the Thames at the tunnel below the bridge, the planks of which are well-nigh worn through by passage of cavalry and artillery. The best hotel in Presburg was full, and we were fain to put up at the " Gasthof zum Schwan," in the Darrow street lead- ing to the bridge. Had we lain down in the street itself we would have had just as much chance, or better, of sleep. The people of Presburg who swarmed on the other side of the river, on the " Kavehas" watching the troops crossing over, had left plenty of people behind them, and the fair Hungarians— darkly fair—in pork-pie hats, leaning on the arms of gentlemen in Hessian boots and steeple hats and Hussar jackets, thronged the place till the moon rose high, looking at the columns of all arms, which kept on marching and clattering over the pavement without intermission, for Benedek's army was in full march for the other side. The windows cl t- ,ered, the house shook, doors banged, officers shouted, horses neighed all through the night, nor ceased with early morning, and the first rays of the sun were greeted by the crash of bands, as regi ment after regiment filed down towards the bridge. The river steamers received them as fast as they arrived, and, backing down the stream, came slowly round and sidled across to the opposite bank, where the men were disembarked and proceeded to find quarters in the woods and villages. As soon as we had breakfasted and changed our quarters to the admirable hostelry of the " Gruneu Baum," we proceeded to visit Blumenau, the scene of the action of last Sunday. The road running parallel to the railway strikes in a north-westerly direction through a defile with high conical hills on either side—the summits covered with wood, and sides and bases with vines on stout props 4 or 5 feet high. About three miles outside the town the first traces of the recent combat were visible—dead horses in the fields, and a few graves freshly made. The straw on which Prussian soldiers had slept lay by the road side, and among the dead horses and the graves the peasants were busy stacking and drawing home the corn. llere the defile opened out on a plain inclosed by hills on both sides, which receded to the right and left, and rose in broken irregular ridges covered with forest. The Prussians had ad vanced along these hills on both sides, and their cavalry had been charged by the Austrian horse in the plains before us. Blumenau is a poor and in significant hamlet, containing about 20 small cabins. At a miserable cabaret, a group of officers sat at table in the open air, taking their early dinner, and when they heard who we were they received us most kindly, and gave us all the information they had about the fight. One, an Ober Lieutenant of Lancers, was on outpost duty the morning of the action, and was personally engaged with the Prus sians. The others had all taken part in it, and de scribed their share in the events of the day with animation and frankness. As they were speaking, the Colonel in command of the cavalry at Blumenau came up and asked who we were. " Why," said he, " you are the two Englishmen about whom my wife wrote to me when she and you were arrested as spies receivedany intelligence the letter of in his at Litt au ." I t was a strange rencontre. The Colonel w looked gra ve an d sad, for, as he told us, he had not hi lv eh ife sh and told himchildrenndo since h ereceived f her little adventure. While we were talking of the action, and of various matters —peace and war—an ' orderly arrived with the precious sheets which cor respond to our Gazette, and for a few minutes every one turned over the pages with eagerness, scanning the lists of promotions and decorations, and it is to be hoped some of them were gratified with the distribution of Imperial favours, though no congra tulations were exchanged. We took our leave and returned to Presburg, and my companion returned in the afternoon and reviewed the position. llere, was but one sentiment ex as everywhere, there cavalry officers respecting th e i r pressed by the mounted opponents. " The Prussians never face us unless they are in much greater force. They have sometimes surprised a post and cut in on a party ere the men could get to their horses, but if we are at all equal in numbers they always retire firing their rather than as needle-guns, and acting as infantry cavalry." The F. ame story comes from Edelsheim's cavalry on the left as from the cavalry on the right, and it contrasts strangely with the accounts from THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JULY 31, 1866. the Prussian army, but I regret to say I have had no means of independent observation. There is, however, one matter which deserves to be men tioned. I give the anecdote in the very words and writing of the officer who furnished me with the in formation. Here is what he says : " On the 22d, at one o'clock, the telegram arrived that a five days' truce had been agreed upon between the two headquarters. Some officers of the general staff were sent to the enemy to acquaint them with this news ; notwith standing their waving white handkerchiefs in the air, as they approached the Prussian positions, they were fired at by the Prussians several times, and at different places ; so were the parlenuntaires sent by the Austrian regiment " King of Belgium ;" the chief of the general staff of the 2d corps, Colonel B. Dopffner, and Captain B. Devaux, of the brigade Henriquez, were in the same case. The Prussians fired at them at a very short distance, whence they could not have possibly mistaken the generally ac cepted signs of peace." The subject is worthy of notice, as it has excited so much indignation among some officers here, and it is all the more strange because the Prussian officers who came to the Austrian lines and talked with . the officers, expressed their desire for peace and hoped there would be no more war. It is said, indeed, that some Prussian officers took such an extraordinary view of the nature of the truce that they rode into Presburg and bought books and maps at a stationer's, and were allowed to return without any let or hindrance. When we got back to Presburg the road to the bridge was as full of troops marching to the other side as it had been in the early morning. No sooner had the strains of one band died away than another was heard far down the dusty road, and hour after hour the stream of guns, carriages, horses, and men flowed over the river. Some of the regiments gave token in their diminished ranks of the terrible ordeal which they had undergone since they turned their faces towards the North. One, for instance--the 21st—returned with only 12 officers left out of 70 who started with it. Others, such as the 2d Feldjager Battalion and the 71st Regiment, looked as if they were quite ready for service at a moment's notice, and the artillery horses were in better condition than could have been expected after the tremendous marches they have been making. Benedek himself with his staff is within a march of this. The Feldzeugmeister has had a most difficult and dangerous move ment to effect, and has accomplished it with signal success. Leaving a strong garrison in 01- mutz and .the redoubts which surround it, he started on the 15th day after we arrived in Vienna, in pursuance of his orders from the Archduke Al brecht, with three corps d'armee amounting to some 75,000 men, to reach the capital. His direct com munications were cut off by the enemy, and the right flank of his army was exposed completely as he turned southwards. On the day he started the Prussian cavalry attacked his train and his reserve artillery, which were covered by a weak party of Austrians at a place called Traubek, between To bitschau and Prerau. The enemy's dragoons wore white coats, and were mistaken for Austrian Cuirassiers, nor was the error discovered till they were on the guns and took 16 of them after a sharp fight. These 16 guns were, lam assured, retaken from the Prussians very soon afterwards in an en gagement in which a Prussian cavalry colonel and nearly all his regiment were captured. It seems rather singular that Benedek should have marched with the train and guns on his right flank, unless he thought the Prussians were on his left, as indeed they were, for on the same day, in the afternoon, he was attacked on his way near Prerau, and his Staff had to cut their way through the Prussian horse, but the enemy were repulsed and retired as reinforce ments came up. From 2 p.m. till 11 a.m. next day the march continued--21 hours through a difficult country in horrible weather, by Kremser, where the left column turned to the eastwards by Mein to Holleschau, and the right proceeded to Freystadtl— more than 55 English miles. Thence they marched by Wisowitz to Slawicin by dreadful roads over a mountainous country in torrents of rain for 21 hours, again towards the valley of the Waag. Turning next day towards the Carpathians, Benedek led his army bypasses so steep that with difficultyeight horses could draw a light cart up the hills, and artillery horses dropped dead on all sides through the defiles of the Jawnnikberg and the Sieben-thaler-geberge towards the Waag. The Prussians meantime, supposing that he was trying by forced marches to turn them, marched down the Marchthal, by Hradisch, Wessely, Strasnitz, towards the south, but they do not seem to have imagined Benedek would strik e across the mountains for the valley of th e W aag. From Fi a roadnc over G :b di lo ng on nth theeOlmutz and Vi enna Railway, there sleadingby Szenitz th rough the pass of Carpathians to Tirnau, in the Waag Valley, and if they had pushed across the pass they could, it seems from the map, h ave occu pied Tirnau before Benedek got th ere. Probably down on the left coming down and haste ne d t o e of their mo vemen t s made no further chhe,yor to bar hi s marc h i e t n is ed e ks certain m a march, the oavn y ekr ft e . r te Whatever army, h a r ma i d t ye v, o eo f ru htt the ed ecc cause s m i to the Danube, and the Feldzeu gme i ster reached Trencsin in the Waag, whence th e main ground may effort h toav have h b e n e e k n ß , leads down the valley of the river by Leopoldstadt to Tirnau and strikes the railway to Presburg, near Wartberg. Here he had his right covered by the Catpathians, and on his left were no enemies. Next day Benedek's army marched to Neustadt, and then in successive marches by Strassa and Vagy Kosto lau, arrived at Tirnau, whence they proceeded by Bosing to Presburg. JULY 26. Postscript.—At 9 o'clock this morning Feldzeug meister Von Benedek entered the city of Presburg, and is halting for the day at the Grunen Baum. He came in with a sadly diminished staff, but it was pleasant to find that the stories we had heard of the death of some and the wounds of others we knew were not true. His ba ggage and rear guard are now coming in with the Hussars and Uhlans who covered his march. To-morrow morning early the Feldzeugmeister and his staff proceed to Vienna to await the course of events. Austria is now strong on the Danube. Naval and Military Intelligence. - - MALTA, July 22.—Patras is for the present the headquarters of the Mediterranean fleet. The Vic toria, flag ship, and the Royal Oak are at anchor there. The Psyche, the Assurance, and the Wizard are employed to carry the weekly mails. On the 4th of July the Commander-in-Chief took his flag ship to Corinth, and crossing the isthmus, inspected the Gibraltar, which had come down to meet him on the other side. Afterwards the admiral, accom panied by a large party of officers from the flag ship and Royal Oak, paid a visit to Athens. The Com mander-in-Chief visited the King, who returned the compliment at Patras on Monday, the 16th of July. The whole of the English residents and all the Greek officials were entertained at a ball on board the Victoria. The King had been expected to arrive at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, but the Hellas, the screw corvette which was conveying his Majesty to Corfu, did not enter the bay until 11 o'clock at night. Upon anchoring th e a d m i ra l w ent on board the Hellas and retur ne d w ith th e Ki n g, who remained dancing until nearly 2 o'clock. The Hellas then steamed out of the harbour, the Royal Oak saluting, and all the ships burned blue lights at the yard arms. Mr. Erskine, the Minister, and the Secretary of Legation, followed to Corfu in the Racer. The Re sistance has been despatched to Naples at the request of the authorities there. The fire-warning signal apparatus, which has now for upwards of 12 months been fitted experimentally on board the unarmoured screw frigate Mersey, at Portsmouth, by Mr. West, electrician, of London, was last week practically tested in its action under the superintendence of Capt. W. C. Chamberlain, the officer in command of her Majesty's ship Asia and the steam reserve at the port. The principle of the system introduced by Mr. West is to distribute over the ship's hold in certain pro tected positions a number of calorimeters, which are connected by wires with a voltaic battery, an alarm bell, and a dial plate in the captain's cabin. The calorimeters are simply metal bottles partly filled with mercury and fitted with boxwood stoppers. Through the stopper projects downward the end of a copper wire, which is suspended at such a distance from the surface of the mercury that it requires a fixed degree of heat to expand the mercury and bring it in contact with the end o the copper wire. This done the electrical circuit is com pleted, the alarm bell in the captain's cabin is rung, and a flap on the dial plate flying up exhibits a number which gives the exact portion of the ship's hold in which the extra heat is generating. The part in the Nlersey's hold selected to test the prin ciple on Saturday was the handing room of the after magazine, the calorimeters there being fixed in the beams, and their " temperature distance," if the space between the ends of the copper wire and the surface of the mercury may be so called, fixed at 154 degrees. Fires were lit is stoves in the hand ing room, and its temperature increased by these means to 175 degrees, when the calorimeters acted and transmitted the signal to the alarm bell and the dial plate in the captain's cabin in a most unmis takable manner. The trial was considered most satisfactory. The paying out of commission of the crew of her Majesty's late ship Amazon took place on board the Duke of Wellington, Capt. C. Fellowes, at Ports mouth on Thursday. Commander Hunter, the late Commander of the .tmazon, read a letter to his officers and ship's company, previous to their pay ment, from Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Pasley, Port- Admiral and Commander-in-Chief at Portsmouth, in which the gallant Admiral stated that he was directed by the Lords Commissioners of the Admi ralty to express the great satisfaction of their lord ships with the conduct of the officers and crew of the Amazon after the collision of that ship with the late steamship Osprey, although their lordships could not but regret the results of the collision. Her Majesty's 6-gun paddle sloop Devastation, Commander Wm. K. Jolliffe, ordered home from the Pacific at the commencement of the present year, arrived alongside the powder buoy of the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich yesterday, and having dis charged her guns, powder, and other war stores, she went up to the dockyard, in preparation to be dismantled and paid off for repairs. Three of the officers only, who joined on her being commissioned on the 9th of December, 1861, have remained dur ing the term of commission, namely :—Lieut. Shat tock, Francis 0. Simpson, master ; and William Carter, assist.-paymaster. After being stripped the Devastation will be placed in the third division of the Woolwich steam reserve. The following district order relating to the 31st Regiment, the head-quarters of which left Ports mouth on Sunday for Ireland, and will be followed by the remainder of the regiment on Thursday, has been promulgated in Portsmouth garrison :—" Ad jutant-General's-office, -.Portsmouth, District Order. The 31st Regiment being about to embark for Ire land, the Lieut.-General cannot permit it to quit the South-West District without expressing to Colonel Eagar the officers, non-commissioned officers, and men under his command, his regret at losing the services of so good a corps. The appearance of the regiment on parade, the steadiness and quickness of its drill, its good discipline in quartp, and its gene ral efficiency on all occasions leave nothing to be desired. By order, A. ALISON, Lieut.-Col. and A. A. Adjt.-Gen." SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS TIMES.—Last night the threatened demonstration against the Government took place at the Agricul tural Hall, Islington, and will be pronounced by its promoters a complete success. There was a great multitude of people; and they were perfectly re spectable and inoffensive ; there could be no doubt of their enthusiasm for the cause in which they cam e together ; every speaker was received with applause, and every opi n i on w ith u nlimited assent. IN' hat more can a chairman or a committee want for de claring that the people had pronounced the doo na.of Government, and had asserted their own sovereignty and their fitness to exercise it? Whether such gatherings do really possess the political influence which their promoters attribute to them will now be seen. We are disposed from the remembrance of former agitations to think that they do not ; and if we desired to carry a measure we would far rather circulate a few well-written tracts and hold real business-like meetings in a moderate-sized hall, after the fashion of the Anti-Corn Law League in the old times, than set a number of gentlemen shouting themselves hoarse in the vain attempt to talk to tens of thousands of people. The concourse last even ing will be admitted by every one who was present to have been highly respectable and well-conducted, and composed to a great extent of a higher class than might have been expected to attend. To bring so large and so decent an assemblage together is cer-' tainly an achievement for the League, and they will do well to make the most of it, for the proceedings that followed were hardly worthy of the audience and the occasion. The twenty thousand people and upwards who congregated in the hall were the " demonstration," which might be called im posing ; but the effect would actually have been far greater had they separated in silence after having shown their numbers, for the scene that followed made clear above everything the futility of such gatherings for any useful political purpose. The platform had been constructed in a very rude and primitive manner half way down the Hall, and for more than an hour before the time appointed for taking the chair it had been occupied by the Reformers and their friends. In front of it a con stantly increasing crowd gathered, who came thus early and took up their positions in order, as they thought, to hear some good speaking, for the League had been profuse in its promise of eloquence. As is the fashion with the promoters of public meet ings, Mr. Beales and his friends invited a number of M.P.'s, and, without receiving an affirmative answer from them, straightway advertised that they were " expected." An advertisement to this effect ap peared in our columns as late as yesterday morning. The consequence was that a large number of respect able people attended, chiefly young men of the trading class, who, so far from appearing to belong to the unenfranchised millions, might all of them have been, or have expected to become, substantial householders. Half an hour before the time for taking the chair no stranger, looking at the assem blage in front of the platform, would have supposed that it was a working man's demonstration. The people were essentially of the middle class in the body of the Hall, while the large galleries on each side of the organ were filled with a still more select society, who paid a shilling a head. Up to this time the lower class, chiefly lads and young men, had favoured the long galleries which ran round the Hall, the elevating positi on attract i ng t h em to sur vey from . it the w or ld b e l ow. The more agile climbed in all directi ons up and along the girders and made their way into the very roof. But the assem blage was, on the whole, decent, quiet, and trades manlike, and had evidently come with the notion that they were to hear Mr. Bealesand his distinguished friends the members of Parliament with their own ears. The power which p o liti ca l reputat i on h as to draw an audience together wa s ev id en t i n th e in terest which the people felt before the perform ance began, and their disappointment at what fol lowed. As 8 o'clock drew near the Hall became fuller, and at last th e soun d of distant music and the waving of banners announced the arrival of a procession. The p rocess i on was made of working men, with a considerable admixture of rather well dressed young m en b e l ong i ng apparently to the superior class of ar ti sans. Th ere were " roug h s, " too, in i the train, b u t i n an extremely sma ll propor tion, the contrast between yeste r day and yesterday week being very striki ng i n thi s respec t. Wheth er it be that the regular "rough" shrinks from a covered 'building as a Bedouin from a town, or that when no row is expe c t e d h e d oes n ot care to come, certainly the working men marched yesterday by the mselves, and without the following of ruffianism which they took with them the week before. But no sooner did the hall begin to fill than the utter absurdity of the attempt to hold a meeting in such a place b ecame apparent. At Hamburg visitors are taken to a gallery of the Bourse at 1 o'clock in the day, and the sight of the busy multitude below and the buzz of their voices are one of the curiosities of the place. At the Great Exhibition, 15 years ago, many of our readers may remember the tumult of the vast crowds which assembled during the last few days that the building was open. Similar was the effect at the Agricultural Hall last night. The most orderly m u lti tu d e i n suc h num b ers ma k es a sound which forbids the human voice, or, at any rate, arti culate words, to be heard at a distance. The noise of movement and inevitable conversation are suffi cient to overpower the strongest speaker. And, of course, it was not to be expected that these thou sands of people would be all quiet. They were well behaved, but they would talk and laugh and move about ; and b e f ore 8 o ' c l oc k s t ruc k th e di scern i ng might perceive that the meeting would be more or less in du m b s h ow. Th ere was a stea d y h um, some times deepening into a roar, which no human lungs could overcome. We have said enough to intimate that the speakers had to speak to the reporters. Mr. Beales was simply inaudible a few paces off. A great deal of energetic action, which he surely did not acquire in Lincoln's-inn, accompanied his ora tory, but the matter of it remained a mystery to all but those who were close beside him. Other speakers, gifted with stronger lungs, extended the radius of their circle of hearers, but none of them could take in any considerable part of the assembled multitude. Mr. Mason Jones bawled till it seemed that he must certainly break a blood-vessel, and Mr. Bradlaugh made a telling speech in a most power ful voice, but even these stentorian orators were unable to fill the Agricultural Hall or even a quar ter of it. As for Mr. Mill, who ought to have been the lion of the evening, he certainly rose and seemed to say something; but at this period the roar and confusion were, for some reason or other, redoubled, and a shout of applause announced that Mr. Vincent, the Chartist, was on his legs, before we were able to catch a single word of his philosophical predecessor. So the meeting went on. Tremendous were the denunciations, but very few heard them. Yet the people in the galleries, who were the most demonstrative, received their favourites warmly, and every sentence of Mr. Bradlaugh and Colonel Dickson was received with a loud, short, sharp cheer which had a peculiar effect. But the mass of the people in the building could not be expected to remain still when they could hear nothing. Before the principal meeting was half over little subsidiary meetings were being held in every part of the Hall. On each side of the organ a succes sion of speakers addressed the occupants of the benches, and down the sides of the building small gatherings surrounded particular orators. One of these scenes was curious. On the steps lead ing to the gallery a young woman wedged in amidst the throng was shouting herself hoarse against the Ministers, who, she said, got a great deal of money for doing nothing, and ought to be the servants of the public, who paid them, and not the masters. This was Miss Laws, a celebrated female preacher, said to be of marvellous intellect, and to understand Political Economy and other abstruse subjects. Yet after the strain upon her voice last night it may be doubted whether she will be fit for the pulpit next Sunday. Of course, the meeting was a failure. The celebrities who were announced did not come, with the exception of Mr. Mill, !who could not get a hearing. The other speakers simply shouted their complaints or denun ciations at the tops of their voices, or, more wisely, addressed them to the reporters. Nothing could better confirm, what we have ventured to tell the League before, that for the purpose of discussion these immense gatherings are utterly useless. A speaker cannot fill the Agricultural Hall, and a fortiori, he cannot fill Hyde Park. Yet it must not be for a moment supposed that we underrate the importance of such a gathering as took place last night. At the beginning of the meeting, and be fore it became evident that the speakers would be inaudible, the Hall was nearly full, and, as we have said, of a generally decent class o f people. Wh e th er attracted by curiosity or by political sympathy, there they were, and their assembling bears witness to the interest which they feel in political questions. They came "quietly, and went home quietl y a l so ; but theirnumbers and behaviour were the " demon stration," to which the speeches of the League made but a feeble addition. HERALD.—In order to clearly understand what passed last night, on the motion for going i n t o com mittee on the Fortifications Bill, a recapitulation may be convenient to our readers. The Defence Commission having reported inlB6o a plan of forti fication which they judged sufficient to protect the metropolis and the principal dockyard and arsenals, the Government of Lord Palmerston adopted a portion of that plan, and proposed it to Parliament. The whole scheme was to have cost eleven mil lions ; the estimates for that portion which was sanctioned by the House of Commons on the re commendation of the Ministry of the day amounted to a little more than five. This sum was to be pro vided by a loan raised in the form of terminable an nuities, a provision for which Mr. Gladstone, as Chancellor of the Exchequer, was chiefly and directly. responsible. Since that time the estimates have in creased ; not because new works have been under taken, but because, as generally happens, both in civil and military works, those which were originally intended have required a larger outlay than was at first contemplated. A central arsenal formed part of the Government plan ; .but no steps h ave ever been taken towards the realisation of this project. On coming into office General Peel found that one of the most essential recommendations of tho Com mission, regarding the defence of the Thames had been altogether neglected. Now, th ere can be no reasonable doubt that, if we are to have fortifications at all, this is the point at which they are most in stantly and urgently required. Fortifications serve two principal purposes : they prevent a coup de main, which it is said has been rendered a much easier matter now that steam enables an enemy inferior at sea to effect a surprise, if he can gain but a start of twenty-four hours ; and they enable a small force to protect, for a length of time, positions of paramount importance while the army in the field is engaged in general operations. It must be admitted that the Thames offers the greatest temptations to a coup de main, and that the metropolitan dockyards and water highway are more important to the country than any other point against which an attack could be directed. The Thames, then, is the part which above all others reluires to be fortified, and General Peel needs no excuse for having determined to carry out, above all things, this essential point of ' the scheme suggested by the Commission. He determined to provide the means for this object by omitting the central arsenal from the plan ; so that he was not, strictly speaking, obliged to come to Parliament at all. But he very justly thought that it was right to acquaint the House of Commons with the change made in a plan which had received its approval ; and accordingly introduced a bill to divert the funds, no longer required for the central arsenal, to the Thames forti fications, thus laying before the house for its sanc tion the alteration he had devised in the original scheme of national defences. No one seemed dis posed to:quarrel with the change itself ; its necessity was too evident. But Mr. Gladstone took occasion to object to the bill on two grounds. He insisted, first, that no new fortifications should be provided for by loan beyo n d th ose originally authorised by Parliament ; and secondly, that no bill on the sub ject ought to be i n t ro d uced at so late a period of the session. In face of the strenuous resistance of the leader- of Opposition, supported by the party which is opposed to fortificatio ns a t l arge — an d to n early all defensive preparations—the Government found it necessary to give way, and the order for going into committee was discharged. We should be sorry to accuse the Liberal leader of factious conduct ; but we cannot help observing that his conduct on this occasion presents a very unfavourable contrast with that adopted by the Conservatives in 1860. Many of them doubted the expediency of the forti fication scheme of the Government altogether ; most of them disapproved of the proposal to provide for the expense by a loan, But they felt that it was not convenient for the house to take upon itself the re sponsibility of refusing to sanction measures of defence recommended by the Executiva Government, which was unanswerable for the national safety ; and that to oppose the loan would be virtually to defeat the proposition en ti re l y. A ccor di ng l y , having stated their objections, they gave way, and allowed the Government to act as it thought necessary. Mr. Gladstone, on the contrary, has thought fit to take upon himself the responsibility of postponing for six or eight months to come the commencement of works necessary for the protection of the port of London. And the grounds on which he has done this are not such as can satisfy any impartial mind ; that is, they may be good in themselves, but they are not good in the mouth of Mr. Gladstone. He objects to the introduction of the bill—which proposes a mere alteration of detail—on the 30th of July. But the original bill, which included the whole scheme of fortification, was introduced by the Government of which he was a leading member on the 23d July, 1860 ; and while it might be neces sary that the house should discuss and pronounce an opinion upon the general question then raised, it cannot be desirable that it should interfere with the discretion of the Executive on such a matter o detail as that involved in the bill of General Peel The latter might be fairly treated as a mere matter of form ; the former could not ; so that it does not lie in the mouth of those who introduced the general measure on the 23d July to object to the introduc tion of the special one a week later in the season. Again, it may or may not be true, that the expense of national fortifications raised in time of peace should be defrayed out of revenue. But the objec tion is• one which Mr. Gladstone is debarred from urging. For he was responsible for the mode of provision by loan adopted by Lord Palmerston's Government ; if he did not approve it, h e was bound to resign. He does, indeed, allege special circumstances in excuse of the policy then deter mined upon. The country, he says, was burde ne d with a heavy war expenditure—that is to say, with the cost of the Chinese war. But he forgets to say that in that year two millions of annual expenditure expired by the termination of the Long Annuities —a sum which, if he had not thought fit to apply it otherwise, would have more than met the imme diate expenditure upon the fortifications. He for gets to say that in that year he cut away several millions of revenue by remissions of taxation which, however convenient, were by no means urgent. It was those remissions that necessitated a loan for the fortifications ; and if it were right to raise a loan in order to do away with paper duties, and lesson wine and spirit duties, a fortiori it must be right to charge the expense of the Thames defences upon. that loan rather than raise new taxes to meet it. A year in which two millions of debt fall in, and three millions of taxation can be remitted, is certainly not a year in in which a loan is exceptionally justifiable. We must besides remember that, since 1860, Mr. Gladstone has very largely reduced the public revenue. He might, had he pleased, have got rid of the fortifica tion loan altogether ; but he preferred to earn popu- . larity by remitting taxes ; he is therefore precluded from turning round upon his successors, and insist ing that they should follow a contrary policy. A B , they think m ore o f th e pu bli c i nterest an d less of courting popular favour for themselves, they may very probably take that course; but it is not for Mr. Gladstone to urge them to it. It is impossible to conceal the fact that the late Chancellor of the Exchequer appeared to very poor advantage las t night ; it is equally impossible not to observe that this was the result of his own duplicity. He 1 ' 33 striven, ever since 1860, to play a double game ; to keep well with the official Liberals by providing the expenditure which their policy required, and to con ciliate the Radicals by a constant " aside" that he in his heart condemned and repudiated their course as extravagant and wasteful. Now he endeavours to pursue the latter line alone, and to unite himsel f with Mr. Bright, while in Opposition, as the advo cate of a rash and unconsidered retrenchment; aod! he suffers a just retribution in encountering, a' every step, the recollections of that official policy for which he was responsible, while he professed to disapprove it. Having tried, while in office, to play. at once the statesma n consc i ous o f th e necess ities or the State, and the demagogue careful of nothing but to denounce all expenditure as extravagant, be finds himself in opposition cut off from either career. He cannot take the tone of the statesman, conside rate alike of efficiency an d economy , without ap proving at every turn the policy of his successors ; he cannot play the champion of reduction at any price without being reminded at every sentence that his own expenditure was heavier than that which be criticises. It is probably too late for him to learn straightforwardness and simplicity; but others maY profit by his example to know that the House of Commons is not a mere debating club, and that no man, however brilliant his abilities, can really com mand its respect and control its action without having a distinct and consistent faith of his own, to which he is careful to adjust alike his own con duct and his criticisms upon others ; that he who squares his opinions to the occasion and invents his principles to suit the exigencies of his policy may indeed win admiration for his eloquence, and perplex opponents by the cogency of his ever changing arguments, but will never impose upon others opinions which none believe to be sincerely his own, or make converts to principles which lea the confirmation of his own steadfast and persever ing adherence. COUNTRY MARKETS. .D-JULY 27. of wheat at market to-daY• action of is to 2s per qr upon ing corn was unaltered, with ts - sold from 34s to 475. Peas, Partridge 408 42s White —32B 365 ...... Dun ...38s 400 ditto, new....--s Beans, Tick, 01d......408 450 new.... 338 4 2 2 Harrow l'icks.42s new.... 408 442 Mazagan. 388 44' CHELMSFO. There was a good supply Trade rather active, at a reds the prices of last week. Spri a limited trade. New dun pe Whedt, old white....47s 57s new .423 t6s old red 4•28 52s new. 41s 510 Barley 25s 33s Chevalier --B —s Grinding 25s 30s Malt 58s tOs Chevalier 60s 62i Oats 2os 26s GRANTHAM-JULY 28. Old white wheat, 54s to 595; old red, Ms to 555; na l/ white, 52s to 56s ; new red, 47s to 52s per 36 stone. Bar" ley for malting, 36s to 42s per qr. ; grinding, 30s to 33s per, 30 stone. Oats, old, 30s to 32s ; new, 25 s t o 30 s per 21 stone. Beans, old, 48s to Ms ; new, 44s to 46s per 38 stone. Peas, 36s to 40s per 36 stone. COLCHESTER—JULY 28. Hero to-day there was a moderate supply of wheat, and business done at about previous rates. Prices of spring corn unaltered. still fine and forcing. Wheat, white 54s 58s Beans, Mazagan......4os 426 red soa 5-is Middle and amall_42B 466 Barley .. . Ms ns Peas, white. 388 42° Oats ..... ... —8 —s 1 grey ...303 420 NOTTINGHAM-JULY 28. The show of wheat to-day was fair for the season' There was a steady feeling in the trade, at late currenciee" There was a short supply of grinding barley, and B=oe ° wero disposed of at late rates. The trade in oats iva t !, middling, and at fully late prices. The s h ow o f b ean s Wl' scarce, and sold at late races, with a steady demand. Old white wheat, 56s to 63s ; old red, 55s to 58s • ne, v/ white, 56s to 62s ; new red, Ms to 5G s p er 36 stone. 'o3l' old, 34s to 358; new, 25s to 34s per 24 s t one . B ean s, 51s to 53s ; new, 48s to ols per 38s stone. Fine flour, 39° to 44s per sack. ABERDEEN-JULY 27. - • There was a middling business doi ng -to-day, and the market was well attended. Oats, bere, and barley Wer e is lower. l bushel. White wheat 40s Od to 45s 0d) 621 b 1-1 bushel Red wheat 40s Od to 45s Odr Potato oats 25s Od to 25 s 6d Common oats 24s Od to 24 s I 40lb 'i 6d Bore 3os Od t o 31 s Od f Barley 32s Od to 32 s 6d 531 b 11 bushel . Oatmeal 19s 6d to 20s Od ? boll of 2801 Flour, fine 36s Od to 37s Od V sack of 28010 KIRKCALDY—JULY 28. A small supply of oats and barley, fair of 'wheat. s 3le9 slow. 'Wheat was is cheaper. Oats and barley were lay changed. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First..—.4s6 d ; —s 6d 3ls Od econd 95s 61 3i's 6d 3' s 61 Taird 46s Od —s Od —8 Od COAL MARKET. Price per ton at the close of the market. s. d. s. d' 3 Hastings Hartley l7 6 Hetton Lyons ... 18 Walls End Haswell 2l 0 Walls End Hetton 21 0 T unstall 9 Hartlepool East Hartlepeol Kelloe Ships at market, 29—sold, 28. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and New Zealand, via Southampton Aug. 19 ' Ditto, via Marseilles Aug. 13. Brazil and Cape Verde, by British packet. Aug. 5 . Ditto, by French packet . Aug. 22 Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena.... Aug. 21• China, Penang, and Sing•Lp ore, via Soul hampton..Aug 3 • Ditto, via Marseilles Aug. 13 Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Aug. 3. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton... Aug. 3 Ditto, via Marseilles India (Bombay), via Southampton. Aug. 12 . Ditto, via Alarseilles .. Aug. 6 Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Aug. 3. .-. Ditto, via Marseilles Aug. 6. Mauritius, via Southampton Aug. g Ditto, via Marseilles . Aug. 13 Newfoundland Portugal Ditto, by private ship to Lisbon United States and British North America, by Bri tish packet Ditto, by United States packet, via Southamp ton Ditto, via Cork Ditto, by Canadian packet, via Londonderry ..Aug. 3 . West Coast of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe .„ .. Aug. ►O. West Indies and Pacific (except Bahamas and Honduras) Aug ,l3 Cuba and Mexico -• Bermuda, via Halifax Aug. 1• Bahamas, via New York. Aug. 15• Lieutenant-General Grant has accepted the posi tion of Second Vice-President of the Washington National Monument Society, which was, until his recent desalt filled by Lieutenant General Scott. : [ADVERTISEMENT. j —Holloway's Pills.—Prostration of Strength.—When the system is weak and the nerves 1, 111 " strung disease is certain to present itself unless soon purifying and strengthening means be resorted to to arres t the threatening mischief. In such cases no treatment can equal the treatment by these excellent pills ; no other plan can be pursued so well devised-for ejecting all impurities from the blood without straining or weakening the coo' stitution. Holloway's pills so fortify the stomach and re tilato the liver that they raise the capability of digestion, and thus create new power. This is the reason why 11 ° 1- loway's pills have gained their present popularity, and NI they have be en h an d e d throughout the globe as a fres source of life and strength. Births. BECHER—On the 27th inst., at Castl e hyd e , Fenn* the Lady Emily Becher, of a son. BEDFORD—On the 28th inst., at 21, Dean's-yard, We i st ; minster, the wife of C. St. Clark B e df or d, Esq., °' daughter. CAYLEY—On the 28th inst., at 14, Dean's-yard, Westmin ster, the wife of G. J. Cayl e y, E sq ., o f a daughter. GILLOTT—On the 29th inst., at Shamrock Lodge, fja- Moulsey, Surrey, the wife of A. Gillott, Esq., of a son. Marriages. ASHLEY—FARQUHAR---On the 28th inst., at St. Jan!? 8 1 .1 Church, the Hon. Evelyn Ashl e y, secon d son o f the and Countess of Shaftesbury, to Sybella Charlore second daughter of Sir Walter and L a dy Mary Fargi MASSIE—WESSENBERG-011 the 28th inst., at St. Jancw,%:, Westminster, Edward R. Mas s i e , E sq ., eldest son a Vi c ' Admiral Massie, to Olga Marie, Baroness de Wessenberf; granddaughter of the Baron do Wessenberg, fornl i nf Ambassador of the Emperor of Aust r i a t o the Cow - St. James. Deaths. ABBOTT— On the 27th inst., at Cambridge Villa, East 51 ,0131 Surrey, Thomas Abbott, aged 76. GOSCIIEN—On the 28th inst., at Ghent, Win. U. Go scliell' Esq., of 12, Austinfriars, London, aged 74. DERRETT—On the 28th inst., at Woodstock Villa, F°reost gate-lane, Stratford, Essex, Mr. J. P. Derrett, aged 64 . ElonzoN—On the 27th lust., at 408, New Cross-road, Win. Holton, Esq., RN., aged 77. TREACHER —On the 29th inst., Mr. George P. Treacher, of 328, Kennington-park-road, Kennington, aged 50. WILDE—On the 28th inst., at Bramerton, nea r Norviric'' Mr. Wm. Wilde, coroner of that city, aged 76. ineo WIGRAM —On the 29th inst., the Right Hon. Sir v Wigram, aged 73. London : Printed and Pubiished by WILLIAM ANI-,fal:„.2vs , of No. 112, Strand, Mater. at Tin Surf OLDGe. 14°.-- ot Strand, in the Pi loot of: the Savoy, in the Colin"' tithileeez.—Tuesday, July 31,1860. 1,4 P,Nrj Nov for rOa Par, p, - ii _Aura Seatieat tn., the tfler • `. ...O . : - 4ln r , .10/ on I the thei tot -trut ove] Lod • , 4; kt v 4l l' tet t .eac, - '7,VI ST] 33t0l filer bra tru E Yew nesE cats and hYal Pair sPaa Sink Pain It is Vali, of ti Plai Witt atm e t th e of i exc., 111 T. ( folk th e beet 10 VIER gktE t tra ro Ft . 0101 rOi ~~ f Ct~