The Sun. — London, England, 1848-11-18 00:00:00

MEI" Ditto, New 104 Pref... 10 Ditto, Gt. Grimsby ... 40 Ditto ditto . ......... 13 ...... —•••••—• — Ditto ditto Ditto Sheffield and Lincolnshire l6 . ... Do., Grimsby Dock... 20 Do., Manchester and Lincoln Union.... 41.25. — Midland lOO ..... 79% 80 .. ...... 80 Do. Consolid a t e d P re f 100 Do., do., 504;Sh ares— 20 ... -9% 9 9% 9 l /2 Do. Birm., an d D er b y loo Do. Consol. Bristol and Birming., 6 per ct.... 100 ...... Ditto,Brist. & Glecstr. 38 ...... Ditto, ditto ....... ....141 185.... DittoLeieest.& nin Swan gton, 8 per ct.guar.loo Midland Great Western Irish Middle,sbro' and Redcar. 6 per cent. guar. NewcastleandCarkste...100 Do. Quarters 25 Newmarket .-..... .•• 20 Do. Exten s i on .........21. 12 5 .... Newport, Abergavenny, and Hereford 6 ...... Newry and Enniskillen 7 Newry, Warrenpoint, and Rostrevor Norfolk 100 Do. New 20/. .. lO Do. Guaranteed,s p ct. 20 Do. Guar an t ee d 5% pc. 5 Do. do. W aveney V a l. 2 ...... Northern Counties Union 4 •••••• ......... •••••• North British ........ ••• 25 •••••• 143 / 4 . 14% Ditto, Halves .. - -•• -•• Ditto, Quarters - Ditto, Extension O% - Ditto,lThirds:.... -.. 8 1 4 -•• North & S out h - W estem 2 North Staffordshire North Wales N orth-Western .... lO Oxford, Worcester, and. Wolverhampton ...... 50 Reading, Guildford, and Reigate Roy,ton and Hitchin ... 2 Scottiati Central ... 25 ...... 25 Scottish Mi dland 25 Ditto, New - •• — Sheffield, Rotherham, & G oole (Nor. Div.) ... 7% Do. do (So u. 1 . ,• - Div.) 111. 4 ..•-• -- ...•••.• - Shrew t bury and Bina.- 9 SDitto ditto, Class B. 5 hrewsbury and Herefd. 2 •••••• —Shrewsbury & Chester (Nor. W. Min.) l7 - ••• Ditto Halves ... ditto 8 , ,,,..-.. -..-- Ditto Oswestry ...... 17% Ditto New Do. 8 per Cent. Pref. 10 Shropshire Union ...... 4 South Devon 5O ...... Do. Preference Routh Staffordshire 6% South Eastern .... ....... 33% Do., No. i 24 Do., N 0.2. Do., No. 3 - -•-•- ' 25 ..».."'' _ - Do., No. 4 Thirds ... 10 South Wales South Yorkshire, Don caster, and Goole 5 Swans. & Loughor & Ca- a meron's Stni. C0a1.... 6 ... .. ...... ••• •-• Taw Vale E x t ens i on ... 8 Thames Haven Dock and Railw a y ........... 17 1 / 2 .... .• .... Vale of Neath ••• - 4 — Waterford and Kilk enn y 171...... --- -• Waterford and Limerick 47 Wa terfd,Wxfrd,Wicklw, and Dublin Wear Valley 6 per Cent. - Guaranteed ... .. ...... 42 3 / 4 ...... ..._ Do. do. do. ... 25 _ - Do. do. d 0.... 10 .. ••• ••• ..... -* " West Cor nwa ll .....-.. ..... 6 ... - .... West Lond on ••••..••• Da, D o . I s t Cl ass ... 20 Do. D o . 2d Class 20 Whitehaven & Furness 13 Windsor, Staines, and South W es t ern ..... ... 9% Wilts, Somerset, Si Wey mouth York, Newcastle, and Berwick. .... . Do. Original New and Berwick .. ...... ... .. 25 ..... 25 Do: Extension No. 1. 15 Do. do. No. 2. ••• ii Do. G.N. E.P re f erence 8 ...... 61, :e% 6 A4 York and North Midland 50 • Ditto. Pref e re nce ...... 10 - Do. East and W est hid- ..... ing Extension FOREIGN RAILWAYS. Anglo Italian (late Ita lian and Austrian). ... 4 h...... Boulogne and Amiens... 20 Central of France (Or leans and Vierzon) ... 17 Ceylon Demerara ....... ........ Dendre Valley. . ... .. 4 -- Plrect B om b ay an d Madras ss. . ... Dutch Rhenish ..... .... 7114 ''''' — .. ...... .... East Indian 3i 4 ...... .. .... . _ Great Indian Peninsular 14 Louvain alx Sambre ... 7% Luxembourg 7 — •• •• Ditto lO _ Madrid and Valentia Namur and Liege ...... 20 ... .. - 4% Norther n of France...... 12 - — _ O rleans and B or d eaux ... 7 ...... Paris and Lyons .00. D o. . . •10 ---- *** 20 —— P aris and Orleans •••••• Paris an d R ouen .... 2O ..-- Y arnand Strasbourg ... 9 Rouen and Ilavre . Sambre and Meuse 2O ... .. Strasbourg and Basle Tours and N a ntes 9 Tournay, Jurbise, Len _ West_ den, and Hassell ..... 20 Flanders 8 34 ..... JOINT STOCK BANKS. Australasia d)ritish North American 50 Colonial 25 - ••• . ••• •••••• ••••• Commercial of London 20 - London Joint 5t0ck...... 10 London & Westminster. 20 ...... National Prov. England. 35 Dato, New... .. .. ..... 10 - I•••• National of Ireland 22%...... •••• ........ ... Ditto New... ..... ....- 10 Provincial of Ireland ... 25 Union of Australia Ditto,New... ...... ..... 2 1 4.... •••••• • — Union of London..- ..... 10 ........ Union of Madrid 4O .«.•. ... .-- ••• • M.. An glo - Mexican Australian. 21,4 --- LLOYD'S SH II" G—(THIS DAY.) LONDON, Nov. 18,--Wind S.W., light breeze, and fine clear weather. YARMOUTH ROADS, NOV. 17.—Arrd. Victoria, Gowie of Inv. rkeithing, with slight damage, having been in contact with a schooner off Hasborough; Rosebud, Lynn, of London, with damage, having been in contact to-day, whilst lying to off Cromer, with the barque Isla paring. WINTERTON RoADs.—Arrd. Robert and Ellen, of South Shields, with loss of bowsprit and bows stove, having been in contact. LIVERPOOL, Nov. 17.—Wind N.W.—Arrd. York, Rey, Now Orleans; Yenilia, Frisk, Stephens; Ilercyna, O'Brien, Quebec; Olive Branch, ditto. The Glencoe, front New York to Galway, in lat. 45, lon. 37; with loss of main mast and other spars, was spoken by the Her cynts at Liverpool. OFF FALMOUTH, Nov. 1 7.—Bbussole, Sikkes, Rio Janeiro, and sailed for Antwerp. SOUTHAMPTON, Nov. 17.—Sld. Trent steamer West Indies ; Ib rea steamer , Gib raltar. , OTT PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 17.—Torch, Madeira, DEAL, Nov. 17.—Wind W.S.W.—Arrd. from the River, Sir Charles Forbes, Prynn, Adelaide,. South Aus sralia; Garetta, Livingston, Grenada. TORBAY, Nov. 16.—The Joanna Jacobs, 'Sap, from Cardiff, for Amsterdam, has put in here with loss of wizen mast, rigging, sails, and other damage, having `been in contact with the Freedom, of Jersey. YARMOUTH, Nov. 16. The Vanguard, Lambton, from Bamburgh. put into these roads 14th inst., with cargo shifted, &c., having experienced very heavy -weather. LYNN, NOT. 16.—The Sales, hence for Hartlepool, has put back, having been in contact. SHEERNESS, Nov. 16.—The Brown, of Sunderland, • got on the Maplin Sand this morning, and remains ; cargo (coals) thrown overboard to lighten her. CRESTER, Nov. 15.—Arrd. Derwent, Quebec. CLYDE, Nov. 16.—S1d. Hurricane, Lima; Ruby, Hon duras. 1/l ARKET NEWS --(THIS DAY.) extensive, the es i COVENT-GARDEN. supples of both Fruit and Vegetables being very ave general demand was in a sluggish state, but Fruit• . r.). nu alteration to notice in last week's prices. to .-I ale - a pples, 2a 9d to 4s per lb; Apples, Is 33 ; Pears, 4s to 6s per half sieve; Black Hamburgh G rapes, 9d to is 3d, and Muscat of Alexandria, 2s to 2s 8d per ib ; W a l nuts, 8d to I s an d N ow Oranges, 8 s . to 10a per 100; Filberts, 90s to 100 s per 100Ibs.— Vegetables:—Red Cabbages, is to 3s per dozen; -Spinach, is 4d to 2s per junk; Horseradish, 2s to 3 8 per bundle; Turnips, is to Is 9d; Carrots, 2s 6d to as 3d; and Onions, 2s to 2s 6d per dozen bunches; Potatoes, 45 to 6s p er b us h e l ; C e l er y, 10d t o is 3,1 per bundle; Cape Brocoli, 4s to 5s per dozen bundles; Mushrooms, 8d to is 6d per pottle; Spanish ()Lions, 103 to 15s per box; Endive, 6d to Is 2d per score. E lIGRORD. Our m ar k ets to day UN was well F supplied with most kinds of produce. Generally speaking, the demand was heavy at drooping prices. ~...1 3713A VGATZI AND LICADENHAILL. tartme Beef and Mutton were in moderate request, at !IC prices ; otherwise the demand was extremely heavy :—Beef, from 25 2d to 3s 6d; Mutton, 3s 2d to 41 4d ; Veal, Ss 4d to 4s Od ; and Pork 3 1 6d to 4s 8d per Sibs, by the carcase.—Geese, 4s Od to 7s; Fowls, Is 31 to 3s Od; Capons, 3s 6d to 4s 6d ; Chickens, is Od to 2s 3d; Ducks, is 9d to 25 6d; Rabbits, 8d to is 6d; Leverets, 2s 6d to 3s; Hares, 3s to 3s Gd; Grouse, is to is 9d; Par ls to is 6d; Pheasants, 3s to 3s 6d; and L~aaa, 5d to 9d each. Ostend Fresh Butter, 103 Gd THP SUN, to Ils 61, and English ditto, Ils to 13s 6d per dozen pounds. Iri,h Eggs, 5s 6d to 6s 3d; Ostend ditto. 6s 3d to 6s 6d; llonll- , ur ditto, 6s 9d to 7s 9d; and English ditto, 7s 9d to 83 6rl per 100. LONDON, THE MANCHESTER ATHENEUM. MANCHESTER, Nov. 17.—Last evening the annual soiree of the Manchester Atherreum to, k pace in the Town-hall; Lord Viscount Mahon in the chair. The room, capable of accommodating between 600 and 700, was crowded by a well-dressed assemblage, among whom were many ladies. On the platform we observed Mr. M. Philips. the mayor of Manchester, the late mayor, Mr. Brown, M.P., Mr. T. M. Gibson, M.P.. Mr. Bright, M.P., Mr. Cress ley, Mr. Brotherton, M.P., &c. Lord Mahon on taking the chair was loudly cheered. Letters of apology for absence having been read from the Archbishop of Dublin, Lord Nugent, the Rev. G. R. Mr. Alison, and others. The noble CHAIRMAN proceeded to address the assem blage as follows:—Ladies and gentlemen, cpp.earing before youots I do this evening, altogether unconnected with you by residence or representation—a stranger personally to almost every one at ound me, and dif fering from many amongst you in views and opinions on public affairs—l yet believe that these very circumstances afford only a clearer token, a more convincing proof, of that link of brotherhood which should always bind together those enraged in the pur suit of arts and letters or of science. —(Cheers.) When you invited me to my present high position, and when I accepted the honour proposed to me, you felt, and I felt, that men animated by the same desire for mental culti vation should not be deemed strangers to one another, and that party differences should be laid aside for the time, frankly and freely, whenever the question arises by what means knowledge may be best appreciated and most successfully diffused.—(Cheers.)—l think I may say that meetings like the present, besides their first main object, are also in their collateral effects highly beneficial. To whatever opinions or denominations we belong, we are all, I fear, inclined to judge too little favourably of each other. Surely, then, it is no slight advantage of au as semblage like this—inviting to one common field of ac tion labourers both far and near—that we shall depart with kindlier feelings, with a belief in each other's rec titude of purpose in our different paths, and with senti ments of increased personal friendship and goodwill. The institution whose anniversary we are met to celebrate has for its object to diffuse as widely as possible the ad vantages derived from the study of literature and science. In both these departments the obj, ct is to render the library and the other means of information as ample and as well selected as, they can be. Now, first, as to science, I cannot but feel it almost superfluous that I should say a single word to recommend its study to such a meeting as I see before me. For, if you look around you, if you see the greatness and importance which Manchester has attained, and it you consider within how limited a period that attainment has been achieved, you cannot, I am sure, forget that this greatness and this importance are mainly owing to the discoveries of modern science (Cheers.) Consider what rapid advances these disco veries in science have enabled you to make. Little more than a century ago the young Pretender marched through your town and lodged at a house standing not many years since in Market-street ; I ask you, if it were pos sible for him to revisit these scenes, do you think he would recognise them again ? Do you think he would see any resemblance between the not considerable country town, as this then was, which he so easily marched through, and what it has now become—this im mense capital of our mercantile enterprise, this vast mart of active wealth, this swarming hive of busy industry ? —(Cheers.) What would he have said to those lines of factories which have 'arisen on every side, affording honourable employment to hundreds of thousands of our people, and the beneficial effects of whose produce have been felt in the remotest corners of the globe ?—(Cheers.) When I see then, so much progress made, and know that this pro gress is due to science—when the discoveries of science form, in fact, the chronicles and annals of your city— can I doubt for a moment that the study of science re quires no words of mine to call forth encouragement from you—that you will all be desirous to explore the root of your own greatness, the groundwork of your own im portance?— (Cheers.) In no place, therefore, do I think that recommendations to the study of science can be less required than in the city where I have now the honour of addressing you.—(Cheers.) Nor let me be told that the study of science is too hard and difficult for hours of leisure—for hours that must be taken from many other active pursuits. Let me remind those ladies who have graced and honoured us with their presence this evening, that one of themselves—one of the ladies of England, Mrs. Somerville—(Cheers)—is not more re markable for the depth and accuracy of her own scien tific knowledge than for the still higher and rarer gift of making the avenue to that knowledge clear and delight ful to others.—(Cheers.) There is another writer of the present day—Professor Nichol, of Glasgow—who deserves the same praise, that while his own scientific attainments are deservedly held in high estimation, be has written popular works which make the first elements of science easy of ac quirement and within the reach of all. I do not mean, of course, that in science, more than in any other pursuit, high skill and proficiency can be attained without severe labour and exertion. I am speaking only of the first rudiments, the earliest stages, of science. Indeed my own acquirements would not qualify me at all to speak of other than these; but, speaking so restrictedly of the mere elements of science, I can assert from my own ex perience that their study is not incompatible with other pursuits, and that it may be the source, even when pursued no further. of high intellectual pleasure.— (Cheers.) When I alluded to science as having peculiar claims to encouragement at Manchester, I referred of course to the progress of mechanics, or more practical science. But there are other branches of which it is the boast and pride that they are confined to no one age, to no one clime, to no one country, but may receive pursuit and encouragement in all. The names of Mrs. Somer vdle and Professor Nicholl, which I have ventured to mention, naturally suggest to me the science in which they have attained such eminence—the study of astro nomy. Now even the first elements of astronomy are capable of affording intellectual pleasure of no ordinary kind. I remember that an English statesman of bygone years—ono certainly not to be approved for many parts of his public lite, and still less to be esteemed or excused for what ho termed his philoso phical opinions, but still a man of great and surpassing genius—l mean Lord Bolingbroke—goes so far as to enumerate among the consolations of exile that there is no spot on earth where the study of astronomy may not be pursued. His words on the subject are marked by so much eloquence that I am sure you will forgive me if I attempt to repeat them. Lord Bolingbroke says, in his " Reflections on Exile," '` There is no part of the world whence we may not admire those planets; that roll like ours in different orbits round the same central sun— whence we may not gaze on another object still more stupendous, that array of fixed stars hung up in the vast space of the universe, innumerable suns whose beams enlighten and cherish the unknown worlds which revolve around them; and while I am wrapt in contemplations such as these, while my soul is thus borne up to Heaven, it imports me little what ground I tread upon." Such are the words of Lord Bolingbroke. But in speaking of the praise that belongs to the study of astronomy, testi monies much higher as well as much more ancient than this might be adduced. There is, I have always thought it, a most noble and striking thought of Cicero in that thich hence pf e e derived their name, wherein he says , "that in his i t a h os h e is un v r i i i v i a a lle e d f e s i s s a U y S C s U Un Mphilosophyand i w h bout t tial bodies, and decide in w hat orbits the y are o opinion the man who is able by the forceoefelehsi-s intellect to calculate the move ments of the g reat run, shows that his mind is akin in its immortal natureto a that Almighty Being by whom those celestial bodies were fashioned and formed." Surely,, that is striking his n a il a thought from a heathen writer on whom the light. of there velation words of unerring truth that God c reated man had never shone. But we who know own image, we can to such a thoug ht as this fix in no one pursuit does man elevate t. e higher and a holier meaning. Sure hlanamse,ifatmleearset,ahtehvaef. his frail being here below, and manifest m ore clearly h immortal spark within him, than in tho se studies of astronomy which enable him, an atom as it were in creation, 'living in a world, after all, but another atom in creation, to calculate with unerring precision the precise second of time when one of these celestial bodies will appear to eclipse another in the sky, or tell the precise instant of time when one of the great fixed stars shall appear to shoot across the disc of his telescope. —(Loud cheers.) Are not those achievements of the human mind worthy of praise, worthy of cele bration, worthy of attainment?—(Loud cheers.) Sure I am, too, that no one study, if properly pursued, is better adapted to raise up our minds in humble adora tion to that Almighty Being who has made us what we are, and has permitted us, though at an infinite distance, to prosecute with so much advantage the discovery and knowledge of His wonderful works.—(Cheers.) There are other branches of science, which, unlike astronomy, have not flourished in many ages and countries, but which, on the contrary, are remarkable for the great and rapid strides which they have made in our own days. Not, indeed, that astronomy has not made great pro gress too, but there are sciences which have, as it were, started into being altogether within the memory of man. Such a science is geology. See what great triumphs of geological discovery have been achieved, and within how narrow a space of time! We cannot, perhaps, measure this progress more clearly than by marking the altered feelings with which men of education and knowledge speak of geology. In the last century it was not an en .frequent topic of ridicule; now we find its discoveries treated with general respect and esteem. Sizity years ago, for example, Bishop Watson, a man of no mean order of mind, of no inconsiderable intellectual attainments, used to say," that the geologist who attempted to specu late on the internal formation of the globe, reminded him only of the gnat, which, perched on the shoulder of an elephant, would, by the reach of its tiny puncture, presume to tell the internal structure of the majestic ani mal below." These were the words of Bishop Watson. W . ould any man of common e d uca ti on or j u d gment use language now? Is there any one who would mem tion, but in terms of respect and esteem, the researches of such men, for instance, as Dean Buckland or Sir Charles Lyell? See, too, what great and curious results have crowned those researches. Take the very point of the internal structure of the globe, on which it was thought that nothing beyond the reach of actual obser vati9n many amongcouldever )e be probably conjectured. when onje layers ctured. of Ine m e a d tt not er remind , strata, as they are called, decline into the earth at a cer tain angle, and then at a vast interval of space re-appear at a similar angle, and at exactly similar distances be tween similar layers, it has been found possible to calcu late, with a probability approaching to certainty, what would be the structure of the globe, miles and miles lower than the foot of the most adventurous miner ever a t e t r s a u b c er si a edhe t ey o r p sts h i e c oia , eftn b t u i fi t trod.—(Cheers.) Of course, I can glance only b r i efly e i f a i t t t a w i n e m r e e a d t s e v e t e l o p d e e d b t y j a t s li t o i e s e e , byeeta geeveeinegyo n te e t a h n a t t t e g r r o e u i y n , d it would thed on r e w s e h n i t e e h d the th e scene of one of our proudest intellectual triumphs.— (Cheers.) In epeakiag of geology I would not disjoin WHITECHAPEL. Beef, from 2s 4il73sGTirluTton, 3s 2d to 4s 4d; Veal, 3s 4d to 4s; and Pork, 3s 8d to 4s 8d r Blbs. NEWPORT. Beef, from 2s 6d to 34 6d; Mutton, 3s 6d t 0,45 43; Veal, 35 4d to 4s; and Pork, 4s to 4s 8d per Slb. BILLINGSGATE. Turbots, 4s to 9s; Brills, lid to 35; Cod Fish, 3s to 7s; Whitings, 30. to sd; Lobsters, 10d to 2'; Crabs, 8d to 2s each; Soles, 6d to 2s per pair; Eels, 6d to 10d per lb; and Salmon, 10d to is Id per lb; Grey Mullets, 6d to Is; Red ditto, 4d to 6d; Haddocks, 3d to 6d each; Crimped Skates, 3d to 4d; Salt Fish, 2d to 4d; and Stur geon, 5d to 6d per lb; Flounders. Is to is 6d per dozen; Oysters, 9s to 22s per bushel; Fresh Herrings, 4d to 6d per dozen. BREAD. The prices of Wheaten Bread in the Metropolis are from 8d to 81d; of Household ditto, 6d to 70 per 4lbs loaf. NIDE IMARILET. Market Hides, .56113 to 641 b, lid to lid ; ditto, 6416 to 721 b, 2d to 2—rd; ditto, 721 b to 801 b, 2-1-,1 to 2id: ditto, 801 b to 881 b, lid to 3d; ditto, 88Ib to 961 b to 31d; ditto, 961 b to 1041 b, aid to 51d; Calf Skins (each), 4s 6 , 1 to 5s 6d; Horse Hides, 8s to 8s 6d; Pulled Sheep, Is 9d to 2s 4d; Kent and Half-breds, 2s to 25 10d; Downs, is led to 2s 4d. NAT MARKETS. SMITIIFIELD.—Neadow Hay, 21 108 to 31 13s; Clover, ditto, 31 108 to 41 18s ; and Straw, 11 3s to 11 9s per load. A moderate supply, and a steady trade. CUMBERLAND.—Meadow Hay, 21 15s to 31 15s ; Clover ditto, 31 los to 41 15s; and Straw, 11 4s to I/ 10s per load. Supply tolerably good, and trade firm. WRITECHAPEL.—Meadow Hay, 21 103 to 31 14s ; Clover ditto, 31 12s to 5l; and Straw, 1/ 2s to I/ 9s por load. Trade steady, at but little variation in price. BAIL COURT.-(THIS DAY.) THE QUEEN ON THE PROSECUTION OF COPELAND V. FER NEYHOUGH, LEASE, AND DAVIES. _ _ In this case (the particulars of which have already been published) Mr. Huddlestone, obtained a rule nisi, calling on the magistrates of Staffordshire to admit the defendants to bail. They had been committed for re ceiving certain quantities of earthenware IthoWing it to be stolen. The defendants all resided at Stoke-upon- Trent. Mr. WHITMORE rose to show cause against the rule, and Mr. HUDDLESTONE replied. Mr. Justice PATTESON, after looking over the deposi tions, remarked that there appeared to be a probability of the case disclosing an organized system of robbery in the Potteries, and the magistrates were, therefore, not to blame in refusing to hold these parties to bail to answer a charge, which, although of a minor nature now, might ultimately assume a very serious aspect. Still he thought the Court might safely admit them to bail upon heavier sureties than those provided by the Act, and he would make an order upon the magistrates, requiring them to liberate the prisoners upon their put ting in bail themselves in 1004 each, and four sureties in 251. each. THE LOSS OF TWO EMIGRANT SHIPS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sits,--In a paragraph of your paper of yesterday, re lative to the unfortunate loss of two emigrant ships, it is stated that " the Long Sand has two light ships, one on each extremity of it, sufficient to warn the mariner of danger; probably, however, the hazy state of the atmosphere obscured the lights." There is no light vessel on the Long Sand. The Long Sand lies between the Kentish Knock Sand and the Sunk Sand. At the North-east end of the Sunk Sand is the Sunk light vessel (one brilliant light fixed); on the Eastern side of the Kentish Knock is the Knock light vessel (a revolving light). The distance between these two lights is about six nautic miles, the North-East ern extremity of the Long Sand lying about midway between the lights —I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, Nov. 17, 1848. G. B. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia,—Observing in your paper an account of the wreck of two emigrant ships, attended with loss of life, it would appear to those conversant with such matters that due precautions are not used. The season of the year, in the first place is very objectionable for vessels crowded with inexperienced voyagers, to be exposed, not only to the chances of shipwreck on the dangerous sands that surround our eastern coast, but to others of a more terrific character on the coast of America during winter, of which there are abundant melancholy proofs in the sufferings and extensive loss of life among poor emi grants who have been induced to adventure, at the incle ment seasons of the year, when the cold is intense, and the gales of a character to bid defiance to the skill and hardihood of the most experienced mariners or the best constructed and soundest framed vessels. vv Again, it appears, that such was the heavy sea that rolled around the wrecks that the boats could not ap proach them, and that they were unprepared with other means of rescue—hence the loss of life. I would invite you or any other gentleman, to inspect a simple invention of mine, having this object in view, viz., to rescue the crew and passengers from wrecked vessels when it is found impracticable for a boat, with a boat's crew on board, to approach the wreck, from the causes you have stated. I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, EDWARD SMITH, It.N. Surveyor of Steam Vessels. United Patent Marine Model and Surveyor of Steam-Vessels Offices, Garden-stairs, Greenwich, Nov. 17, 1848. P.S. The plan alluded to may be seen at the above named offices. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, FRIDAY. The Queen and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, attended by the Marchioness of Douro, Hon. Miss Kerr, Lord Waterpark, Colonel Buckley and Colonel F. H. Seymour, arrived at Windsor Castle, at half past four o'clock this afternoon from her Majesty and his Royal Highness's visit to the Queen Dowager, at the Priory, Stanmore. The royal party occupied two carriages and four, the escort being of the 2d Life Guards. Her Majesty and the Prince were received at the grand entrance by the Hon. Miss Dawson, Maid of Honour in Waiting, Major-General Bowles, and Mr. Ormsby Gore. The Hon. Miss Caroline Dawson arrived at the Castle to-day to take her duty as Maid of Honour in Waiting. The Judge Advocate General and Sir Thomas Fre mantle, Chairman of the Customs, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street. A deputation from the Mauritius Association, con sisting of Mr. D. Barclay (Chairman), Mr. Guthrie, Mr. Steele, Mr. Gower, Mr. A. L. Gower, Mr. 0. Milligar, and Mr. Clifford, had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial-office. Mr. John Reynolds and Mr. Tidd Pratt had inter vievc s yesterday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening, from the Colonial-office, for the Governor of Canada, and also for the Governors of the other North American Colonies. ThEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LA/IR.—There were present last evening his Royal Highness the Condo de Montemolin, the Duke of Devonshire, the Duchess of Inverness, Earl of Cardigan, Countess of Jersey, Lord Suffield, Lord A. Fitzclarence, Earl and Countess of II arrington, Earl of Chesterfield, Earl of Munster, Lord Ward, the Swedish Minister, Viscount Dillon, Lord Fitzroy Somerset, Lord Ducie, Sir Peregrine Acland, Sir William do Bathe, Sir H. Lushington. Sir J. Flower. SACRED HARMONIC SOCIETY, EXETER HALL.— The Elijah was performed last night, for the second time, tinder the direction of Mr. Costa. The oratorio was splendidly rendered; the principal parts were given with true religious fervour; the choruses were executed with power, delicacy, and precision, and the orchestra was in admirable training. The entire performance re flects high honour on the musical intelligence of the na tion. The ball was crowded. On Friday next the Messiah is to be given, with the combined attraction of the first appearance in London of Mr. Sims Reeves in this the mightiest work of the great master of sacred song, and the first time of Costa's conducting one of Han del's oratorios. __ THE COURT.—According to present arrangements the Court will leave Windsor for the Isle of Wight on Thursday next, the 23d instant, where it will remain for about three weeks, returning to the Castle, for the winter, the third week in December. The eighth anni versary of the birth of the Princess Royal will be cele brated at Windsor Castle on Tuesday next. A numer ous and distinguished party have had the honour of re ceiving invitations to the Castle. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY, Nov. 17.—The Royal Mail Steam-packet Company's ship Trent, Captain R. S. Norton, took her departure this afternoon with the usual British and foreign West India and Pacific mails, in charge of Lieutenant Davis, R.N., Admiralty agent. Her route is via Madeira. She had 114 passenger; amongst whom were General O'Brien, Lord William Douglas, Lieut.-Colonel Armstrong, M. M. Henri Cu zotte, Consul-General for the French Republic in Chili, who pruceeds via Panama to assume his official functions at Valparaiso. The Trent had on freight a large gene ral cargo, specie, value 1,8221., and jewellery, value 1,3981., and 14 bottles of quicksilver. The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's ship Iberia, Captain C. F. Burney, sailed today with the mails for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Cadiz, and Gibraltar. The Iberia had only a few passengers and 70 ions of cargo, with a small quantity of specie for Lisbon. The Jupiter, Capt. Meehan, with the homeward Spanish and Portuguese mails, and the Pasha, Captain Olive, from Genoa, &e., are both overdue, and hourly expt cted. WooLwlcsr, Nov. 17.—The cholera amongst the convicts has now greatly abated, and there is not one single case of danger at present. The number admitted since the commencement of the disease is 57, of whom 20 died, and 32 have been discharged as recovered. There were five discharged as recovered from twelve o'clock yesterday to twelve o'clock to-day—the greatest num ber discharged in one day since its appearance amongst them. ASTRONOMICAL INTELLIGENCE.—Saturn has lately been appearing in public without his rings, and has occa sioned much animadversions among the other planets, who accuse him openly of having pawned than! (Shabby I)—Punch. s - ATITRDAY EVE.KING-, NOVEMBER 10, 1848. from it that science which, strictly speaking, is not iden tical, but yet is seldom separated from it in study—l main that in which Cuvier attained such mastery and skill, the study of the remains of extinct races of ini orals and the reconstruction of their scattered bones, so as to afford by analogy no small probability as to theirs riginal structure, their size, and even their habits of life. Surely this, again, is a great triumph of the human mind.— (Cheers.) Surely, then, even in its elements, even in its first stages, this science is well worthy your hours of leisure.—(Cheers.) I remember being especially struck with one of the discoveries of Cuvier relating to one of those animals which, as far as we know, human eye had never seen; anal of which, in this instance, so far as we know, no vestige of its substance, no fragments of its bones, nor one shred of its skin, remains. Well, then, if this animal had never been seen or recorded in the annals of man, if no fragment of its substance remains, just ask yourselves, for a moment, how was it possible to acquire any knowledge respecting it ? Does not this at first sight appear an almost impossible task ? Yet the difficulty was overcome by Cuvier. And bow ? By the footsteps which the animal in its lifetime had imprinted on the sea shore. Those foot prints had become petrified in the course of years, and from the examination of them Cuvier has been able to deduce, from the interval be tween the footsteps, a calculation as to the size of the animal, and, from their configuration, a calculation as to the order to which it belonged by comparison with oth, r animals, and thus, with no other vestige remaining than these petrified footsteps on the shore, he has been able to construct, not as a vague theory or guess unsupported by experience, but as the result of analytical and analogical reasonirg, a most probable system as to the size, struc ture, nay, even the habits of this animal.—(Loud cheers.) Am I, then, wrong in saying that the science which pre sents such results, which even when imperfectly studied seems so surprising, is one that may be well recommended to you, and in which you cannot fail to find abundant sources of delight ?—(Loud cheers.) From the study of science turn, for a moment, to the study of literature. I think I may say that literature also will afford for your hours of leisure objects well worthy of attentive pursuit. For instance, in the field of historical literature how many subjects of interest present themselves to you. Perhaps in the whole range of historical literature there is none more fraught with interest and full of instruction, i n ev ery way more worthy your attention, than the study of that city whence the name of your institution is derived—the study of the history of Athens.—(Cheers.) It has been the lot of few amongst us to be able to explore for themselves the remains of that renowned city ; yet who is there that has cared or thought for literature who has neglected to explore its story ? Who is there that has not sought to familiarize his mind with its scenes—to trace the remains of that majestic temple which crowns the Acropolis, and which even in its present state, despoiled as it has been by man, scathed as it has been by time, is yet perhaps superior to any other structure in the zenith of its splendour and fresh from the sculptor's hands ? Who is there that does not love to trace in description, and to see as it were with his mind's eye, the prospect which presents itself from the citadel and temple of ancient Athens—those marb'es columns still standing around the sunny heights of Hymettus, that plain divided by a scanty stream, and grey with its scattered groves of olives, and beyond in the distance the azure expanse of the .egean Sea? — (Cheers.) You will remember how the scene from that spot has been described by a great poet of the present day:— " As thus within the walls of Pallas' fane I marked the wonders of the land and main, Alone and friendless on the magic shore, Whose arts and arms but live in poet's lore, Oft as the matchless dome I tried to scan, Sacred to gods, but not secure from man, The past return'd the present seem'd to cease, And glory knew no clime beyond her Greece." —(Cheers.) And then you will remember that in an other passage on the same subject Lord Byron adds:— " Who that beheld that sun upon thee set, Fair Athens, could thy evening face forget ; Not he whose heart nor time nor distance frees, Spell-bound within the clustering Cyclades." (Cheers.) It is natural that this scene - should beco - riie 1 familiar to the minds of all of us, for it has been the birthplace of some of the noblest writings, of the noblest works of art, of the noblest speculations in philosophy the world has yet seen.—(Cheers.) In branches of science and many other departments of human know ledge we have outrun the early Athenians, hut in some we have never yet been able to surpass or even rival that great people, who, like its own emblem of Minerva, sprang full-grown and full-armed into life—(Cheers) — and at an early period of its history produced works which even the ripest maturity of genius and civilization has never yet been able to exceed.—(Cheers.) Great as are the strides we have made in other points, the world has yet to seek a sculptor greater than Phidias, an ora tor greater than Demosthenes. a philosopher greater than Plato.—(Cheers.) And allow me te remind you that in one respect the study of Athenian history, which many modern popular works render delightful and easy of attainment, comes, I think, peculiarly home to you. In ancient Athens the study of the arts and the ac quirements of literature were united with and made to flourish by the pursuits of commerce—(loud cheers) — for, while those great speculations in philosophy were being pursued in the groves of the academy—while , Phidias was raising the master pieces of his art, at that very time ships from every clime then known were crowding the wealthy port of the Piraeus.—(Cheers.) Thus it was that amongst that people the pursuits of commerce were' not only joined with, but formed the , foundation of a superstructure of art and literature, which continues to excite our admiration still. Surely this is no uninteresting study to pursue; surely this is no unworthy model to follo w . —(Ch eers . ) You will, I sim sure, continne to remember what we are taught by the history of Athens, that the wealth which has been honourably gained in the := pursuits of industry can, in few ways, be more gradefully and liberally dispensed than by enriching our native city with works of art, and our native tongue with contributions of literature or science.— (Loud cheers.) In this respect allow me' to repeat my opinion, that Athens is a model which may be held out with advantage to all, and which everyone may at least study with the greatest in terest and pleasure. There are few, I imagine, who would doubt that studies of this kind, when tully pur sued, must be a great source of improvement and of pleasure; but I should wish to convince you of a fact, not less certain though less commonly acknowledged, that an acquaintance with the scenes of history may advan tageously mingle with many details of our common life, may lend fresh zest to every pleasure, and enable those who posse ss it to have enjoyments which others cannot know. Lot me take the trivial occurrence of a summer's holyday; let me suppose the time when many among you, released for a time from your active occupations, are able to enjoy a few days' excursion, and let us see whether this same knowledge of history may not add greatly to the pleasures you may derive from it. I will suppose that the traveller whom lam representing might pass rapidly, with all the speed which railways now supply, through the fens of Lanca shire, already familiar to him, and stopped short when he strived at Penrith or Carlisle. I suppose that thence he might be anxious during his leisure to explore the talus of Cumberland on the one side, or to range be yond the Cheviots ou the other. If he turn to the left and e end his way to the lakes of Cumberland, when he ascends the last hill above the lake of Derwentwater, and sees the fair prospect opened before him, he will r a the summit of the hill find himself in the circle . A Druidical stones. T o one who has not attained a knowledge of the detail respecting the Druids - t tesar and Tacitua recorded them, and many writers have rendered familiar in modern times—to one who felt no curiosity in such details, what would the circle of these stones be ? lie would see nothing but a num ber of moss-grown f ragments of rock, to be dismissed from his such misndc without a thought. But what pleasure would a contemplation afford to him who had imbued his mind, in some measure, with the strange traditionasnefehlaotive muchto the rude faith of our forefath ers ? in terest would he feel amo ng t h ose very atones by calling to mind some traces of th e i r bl oody rites or fantastic superstition I —(Cheers.) Can you doubt for a moment which traveller of the two would enjoy the greater plea sure?—(Cheers.) Or if, on the other hand, instead of turning to the left, he on the right travelled along the foot of the Cheviots, he would at nearly every step en counter remains of the majestic Roman wall, which, to one ignorant of, or indifferent to, the history of Rome, would seem so many tufts of matted ivy or blocks of cemented brick. But he who knew something already, and who wished to know more, of the traces of that wonderful people, who fortified an island as we would a town, and constructed works so remarkable in character and magnificence, would derive fresh delight from ever y ves tige of antiquity , enhancing the natural beauties around, and lending an enchantment to the distant v i ew , vi c heer s . ) I which he that was destituteof the previous oiis re informa tion would be compe lled to forego.—(Loud should be anxious if I wereabls to impr ess on you that literature is not a mere holyday_ thing, to b e as sumed on some spec ial occasion, but that it may mix and blend itself with the affairs of every -day life, with our hours of pleasure, with our days of excursion, not only without diminishing pleasure, but with a consider able increase and enhancement of it. Believe me, the pleasures of reading deserve most careful cultivation. See, as to other pursuits, pleasures, and objects of at tainment, how much depends on circumstances within the power of those around us, on the flourishing or de pressed state of an interest or profession, on connexions, on friends, on the prevalence of one party or nnother in the State. In the pleasures of reading, on the other hand, how much is at all times within your own reach— how little you depend on any one but yourselves. While saying this, I do not mean, of course, to forget for a moment our entire dependence on that Almighty Being, Who may, if he so will, strike with blindness the studious eye, or afflict with incapacity the inquiring and discerning mind. But, subject to that Almighty Power, to which under all circumstances and at all times we are subject, see bow little the man whocan rely on the pleasures of reading is dependent on the ca price or will of his fellow man ; see how much there is within his own power and control—how rea thed reading, fortuitous if hi rb et t e r circumstances have not be en thwarted by events to which I have referred, either assists oere t o oblivion his condition, or, faili n g in that, to procure from it when communing with the great and good of other days. Surely, then, all those who feel— and who does not ?--the varieties and vicissitudes of human life, ought, on that very account, if he be wise, to cultivate in himself, and also to promote in others, an enlightened taste for reading.—(Cheers.) Of the plea sures of reading I will say this—there is no one so high who is enabled to dispense with them, and there is no one so humble who should be compelled to forego them.—(Cheers.) Rely on it, that in the highest fortune and in the highest station hours of lassitude 1 and weariness will intrude unless they be cheered by intellectual occupation. Rely on it, al so , t h at t h ere • is no doom so toilsome , so devot ed to the cares of this world and to the necessity of providing daily bread, i .• • - • but will afford int erva l s , if y ou w ill on l y see k t h em out, in which pleasures may be cultivated end oblivion of your other cares enjoyed.—(Cheers.) Depend upon it. these are pleasurs s which ho who condemns will find himself a miserable loser in the end. It is with views like these that you have founded the present institution to encourage and promote as far as possible a taste for in . electual pleasures. On that ground it deserves and, lam sure, will rsceive support. I am conv i nce d t h at , conducted as I trust it always will continue to be, with skill and judgment, the principle of this institution is so sound that it must prevail. You cannot, indeed, ex pect that ,an institution of this kind should be equally flourishing at alt periods of the fluctuating transactions of business from year to year; but, of an institution on the principle I have described, and under the management which I anticipate to continue, I will venture to predict that it will , keep its ground amidst your difficulties, whilst on the other hand it will grow with your growth and prosper with your prosperity.—(Cheers.) I believe that this insti tution contains within it a sure principle of vitality, be c•-use I believe it contains within it the principle of use tulness.—(Loud cheers.) Sow the good seed, and rely on it that your harvest, whether retarded by a parsing cloud, or quickened by a genial sun—whether late or early—your harvest will be plentiful, and your reward secure. (The Noble Viscount resumed his seat amidst loud and prolonged cheering.) Mr. T. M. Ganser; next addressed the meeting on the social and moral advantages of education. The ten. dency of the age was to give the people at large more and more influence over public affairs, and it became proportionately more important, by the general diffusion of knowledge, by the development of intellect and moral training, to fit them for the exercise of those powers which undoubtedly they would sooner or later possess. In order to raise the morals and improve the taste of the community, every man who desired the permanent wel fare of his country should promote that and other kin dred institutions.—(Cheers.) Mr. J. D. MonELL afterwards spoke at some length. Mr. J. BELL (author of the "Life of Canning " and other works) made an eloquent speech, which was much applauded._ Mr. G. GODWIN, who followed, referred to the pro gress of art in this cuuntry,and the advantages derivable from associations for its development, by placing works in the hands of the many which were formerly confined to the few and opulent. Mr. BRIGHT delivered a long and earnest speech, de ploring the inadequate consciousness under which they all laboured of the value of time, and dwelling on the ad - vantages which such institutions as the Athenaeum offered so widely to the people. They were more occu pied with amusement and frivolity than with the hard study and laborious exertion necessary to enable them to participaie - Tully in the advantages presented to them. He did not undervalue what, ._ was called light reading or magazine literature, ranch less would he discourage the reading of newspapers, which gave us, in fact, the history of our own times—and no man could know where he stood in the world unless he looked frequently into the newspapers of the day—but from the age of 15 to 25 young men :should chiefly de. vote themselves to the careful study of good books in history and biography. which they ought to select with as much caution as they would their associates. He did not think the middle class young men of Yorkshire and Lancashire were educated as they should be, and he urged, as on former occasions, the propriety of opening a university for the benefit of the sons of commercial men. Mr. M. PHILIPS, in a highly eulogistic speech, moved a vote of thanks to Lord Mahon. It was seconded by Mr. CROSSLEY, who adverted to the historical renown of the name their noble chair man bore, and the personal distinction he had acquired in the field of letters. Mr. BROTILERTON, in supporting the motion, referred to the invention of the Stanhope press by Lord Mahon'a grandfather, and the ♦aluable assistance he had lent, towards the close of last century, in overcoming the en gineering difficulties of the Bridgewater Canal. The proposition, put to the meeting by the MAYOR, who for that purpose assumed the chair, was carried with acclamation; for which Lord MAHON briefly returned thanks. Three cheers were then given fur " Lady Mahon and the Ladies." Shortly after which dancing commenced, and was continued till .a late hour. Week ending NAME OF RAILWAY. Aberdeen .... • .. Amiens and Boulogne .............. Belfast and I3allymena •• • • • • •• •• •• •• Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Ca1ed0nian............. .. •••••• • • • • Chester and Holyhead. • • .. ...... • • .. Cockerrnouth and Workington.... • • • . Dublin and Drogheda • • •• • • ••••• • • • • Dublin and Kingstown • • .... Dundee, Perth, and Aberdeen • • ...... East Anglian.— • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Edinburgh and Glasgow.... ........ Edinbnrgh and Northern • • .......... Eastern Counties and North Eastern.. East Lancashire .. Eastern Uni0n.................. Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr • • • • • . Glasgow and Greeneck ......... .... Great Southern and Western •• •• •• •• Great Western,&e•• •• Kendal and Windermere • • .... . • • Lancashire and Yorkshire.. ..... • • • .. Lancaster and Carlisle • • • • • • . • . . • Liverpool, Crosby, and Sontbport• • .. Londonderry and • nniskifien London and North Western, &c. London and Blackwali— ............ London and Brighton .•• • •• •• •• London and South Western ..•...... Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire 3f aryport and Carlisle .............. Midland, Bristol, and Birmingham.... Midland Great Western (Irish) Monklands - • .... • Newcastle and Car1i51e........... North British .......... Paris and Rouen . •• •• ...... Rouen and Havre ....... Scottish Central .......... Shrewsbury and Chester ............ South Eastern and Branches ........ South Devon ........ . .............. Taff Vale .......... Ulster . • • • • •• • • Waterford and Limerick............ Whitehaven Junction .............. Wishaw and C01tne55.............. York and Newcastle . ............ York and North Midland ...... Last week. 382 1,608 669 4,670 1,339 102 729 701 739 3,466 1,802 13,895 1,586 1,360 2,448 964 3,232 18,168 163 10,254 2,110 128 37,450 693 8,242 8,837 2,711 20,822 1,235 876 2,562 1,02 7 1,265 8,052 1,213 2,069 820 301 185 4 q 5 ,4 ',,`, 1 t-,-, E °.! Q a 992 3,757 725 12,470 938 1,092 2,611 1,024 1,767 16,986 127 8,937 1,d,3 112 3.5,395 7h2 7,770 7,19 A 2,114 19.233 1,004 2,289 552 8,470 713 1,833 772 188 13,709 7,094 11,056 7,178 OXFORD, WORCESTER, AND WOLVERHAMPTON RAILWAY COMPANY. - Circumstances have recently occurred which strongly confirm a previously existing suspicion that it is the intention of the Great Western directors (when circumstances favour the " move ") to get rid, if they can, of their obligations in respect of the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton lease.—Bailway Record. DREADFUL ACCIDENT ON THE RICHMOND RAlL WAY.—Yesterday morning as 6.40 A.I. goods train from Nine Elms was nearing the Barnes station, on the Rich mond line, the engine driver perceived what he at first conceived to be a stuffed figure to represent a man lean. ing against the wooden fencing of the line. Upon going to the spot it was found to be a human being, surrounded by a pool of blood, and not only dead but partly frozen. The blood was easily traced in a direct line to the up rail, where it was evident the accident had happened ; but that the unfortunate victim should, after its occurrence, have crawled to the spot upon which he was found would have been considered impossible were it not that the grass and weeds which he had con vulsively grasped and torn up in his progress proved the fact. The deceased, who was a man of upwards of fifty years of age, had had his left foot all but severed— a tendon only united it to the leg. Extraordinary as it may appear, it is supposed that the deceased, who had. his open pocket knife firmly grasped in his right hand, and had cut away his leather gaiter, intended the entire severance of the limb, when he must have sunk from exhaustion, and died from loss of blood. He was sub sequently ascertained to be John Sharp, a hawker of crockeryware, and living in the Hammersmith-bridge road. He left Richmond by the seven o'clock up-train on the previous evening, and should have got out at the Barnes station. He had probably, however, fallen asleep, and wakin g up after the train had got in motion, r as hly alighted. The carriage had probably no other passenger save the deceased, as no person had made any statement of a person leaving the train in such a manner. It being the last train at night, the deceased was not discovered till the passing of the goods train to Datchet on the fol lowing morning. The body was removed to the nearest public-house to await an inquest. THE NOTTINGHAMSHIRE MONUMENT TO LORD GEORGE BENTINCK.—The subscriptions already received for the purpose of erecting a monument to perpetuate the memory of the Noble Lord amount to upwards of 1,0001. ESCAPE OF GAS.—On Thursday an accident of a singular character occurred at the corner of the York road, in the Waterloo-road. Two men were engaged making some alterations in the gas-pipes in the road, and during their operations fractured the main service pipe: in an instant the gas rushed oat in such a body that the men were thrown down, the noxious vapour entering their stomachs and depriving them of their senses. In this condition they lay until the smell of the escaping gas drewthe attention of the passers-by to the spot, when the men were pulled out, both of them ap pearing dead, and removed to the York Hotel, where every attention was paid to them. Several medical gentlemen promptly attended, and owing to their unre mitting exertions one of the men rallied sufficiently a s to be able to walk home, but the other was obliged to be removed on a stretcher to the hospital. CAUTION TO QUACKS. —Matthew Symes, baker and beer-housekeeper, of Burstock, Dorset, has just been committed to Dorchester gaol to await his trial at the assizes for the offence of manslaughter. Symes had inoculated two of the children of John lloare, a dairyman, though repeatedly admonished that he was acting ille gally in inoculating children, which he appears to have been in the habit of doing. Both the children died, and it was proved on the inquest by a medical man that they bad died from smallpox, received through inoculation and not naturally. The coroner, Mr. Cory, called the attention of the jury to the 3d and 4th Victoria, cap. 29, which makes inoculation illegal, and a jury of eighteen respectable persons returned a verdict of "Manslaughter" against Symes. RECKLESS Daivixo.—Yesterday an inquest was held at St. Thomas's Hospital, on the body of Thomas Dulling, aged 84, who died from the injuries he sus tained from being knocked down upon London-bridge, and run over by a cab, the driver of which made his escape. The inquiry was adjourned, in order to afford time to the police to discover, if possible, the culprit, CITY OF LONDON-SEWERS. The report of Messrs. Walker, Cuhitt, and Brunel, civil engineers, cn the state of the city sewers, has just been published. The report has been drawn up at the request of the City authorities and is addressed to the City Remembrancer. Their instructions, it appears, were to survey and report " upon the state of the sewers of the City of London and the liberties thereof; upon the improvements from time to time made therein, to what extent the drainage is effectual, and the parts in which sewers are now required to be made." As their instructions stated that the persons employed by them in their personal survey and examination of the sewers were not to be in the service or employment of the City Commis sioners, they applied to and engaged for this purpose Messrs. Munday, the extensive contractors for sewers in London and other cities, including Hamburgh ; also Messrs. Smith and Scott, engineers and sur veyors, who are well acquainted with under-ground surveying. Messrs. Munday and Scott personally examined nearly the whole of the principal sewers and the collateral lines, and their report is printed as an appendix to the general report. With reference to the general state of the drainage of the City, Mr. Walker and his colleagues find that it presents numerous exceptions from a perfect and connected system, in 'which the size and inclination of the various sewers bear a due proportion to the dis trict drained by them. At the same time, they do not believe that we could ever have arrived at the present state of perfection, or at our present state of know ledge of what is desirable, otherwise than by the pro gressive system, which is unavoidably attended with some defects ; and it is, they believe, universally agreed that, with all its imperfections, London is still at this moment the best artificially drained city in the world. They state that the application of system to the sewerage of the principal portion of London may be dated from the great fire in 1666 ; that before that period all drainage appears to have been superficial and fortuitous; that the first common sewer was built in Ludgate by the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's (Sir Christopher Wren being probably the adviser), and the Fleet-street sewer in 1668, only two years after the fire. On the subject of the extent of the existing sewer age the report states-- "There are, if the whole length up to the houses be taken, about 50 miles of streets, alleys, and courts, within the city of London ; but, as the public sewers need not go to the extremities of the courts or streets, the total length for sewerage may be taken at 47i miles ; and there are, in fact, 44 miles of sewers, so that only 3f miles, and this chiefly of court and alley, remain unprovided with sewerage. If we suppose the 44 miles of sewers now in existence to be applied in parallel equidistant lines across the city, the distance between the sewers would only be 40 yards, so that, with the private drains and gravelly bottom, the city of London may be almost said to be built upon a net work of arches and drains. The sewarage of the city of London is discharged into the Thames by 11 outlets, of which the principal are the London-bridge, the Val, brook, the Paul's-wharf, the Fleet, and the Irongate. The difficulty of collecting the contents of all these sewers into a great sewer on each side of and parallel to the river, and continued below London, would be very great now, owing to dock entrances, narrow streets, and buildings, including the Tower. The enormous expense of the works, and the probable opposition to them, appear to render the practicability of such a measure very doubtful, to say the least. At the same time we consider the subject as deserving of serious consideration, and the object very desirable, if it can be accomplished ; and the same observation applies to the proposal for entirely diverting the sewers' water from the Thames, for effecting which we have as yet seen no practicable plan." The variation in the fall of the sewers is chiefly from 1 in 240 to 1 in 24 ; the former being 22 feet, the latter 220 feet, per mile. There are cases in which the inclination is as small as 1 in 960, and others where it is as high as 1 in 14. " The number of houses and buildings in the City is about 16,000; of these, 9,238 had private drains previous to 1848, leaving 6,762 without; so that about two-fifths in number of the private premises in the City had no other drainage but upon the surface and by cesspools, requiring to be periodically emptied." From the year 1707 to 1827 there were con structed 52,810 lineal feet of sewers, and from 1827 to 1847, 127,435. " The length, therefore, blade in the last twenty years is more than double of all that was made during the preceding years ; and the length made during the last ten years is nearly equal to all that was made in the previous 130 years. The worst of the imperfections of which they have to complain belong to those which are exclusively " the City sewers," in some of which the quantity and current of water are not sufficient to carry the offensive matter down with it. As a partial remedy for this, they recommended the erection of a number of reservoirs, or tanks, similar to those in Newgate and Leadenhall-markets, care being taken that the operation of flushing be frequently repeated, and thut men be employed in the sewer, with proper tools, to aid in disturbing and carrying down the offensive matter. "The larger the supply of water from the water works for this special purpose, or for the use of the houses that drain into any of the sewers, the better, for we think that no water which is brought into a city can be considered as wasted or useless. If the Thames, the Colne, the Lea, or any other stream, could, with out prejudicing other interests, be brought through the metropolis in a considerable quantity, like the Alster, in Hamburgh; or, if reservoirs could be formed to collect the surplus water from the country brooks, and run it through the sewers, the effect would be very beneficial. A plan of this kind was recommended for the Surrey sewers by the surveying officers (Mr. Horn and Mr. Walker), to whom the Bill then before Parliament was referred." They earnestly press upon the attention of the commissioners the propriety of taking advantage of the winter months, when there is more water in the sewers and river than during any ;other season, to to make a general and complete cleansing, after which they cannot doubt that the means that they have poir.ted out in the course of their report, if systematically and energetically pursued, will prevent a recurrence of complaint. "In advising this," they add, "we must give the commissioners the credit of having done much in the way of flushing gates, flushing tanks, and side entrances during the last few years ; but there is still room for improvement. Our decided opinion, however, is, that any radical change tending to render useless the much good that has been done would be a great public evil:' With regard to the reports of the Sanitary Commissioners on the sub ject of the sewers, they state that there is much valu able information in them, from which commissioners and their officers may derive useful lessons ; but the sweeping charges against the ex-commissioners for wasteful expenditure in the system of drainage as respects the size of the sewers are, they are convinced, unmerited and erroneous. The report concludes with the following abstract of the general opinion of the reporters in reference to the City sewers : " \Ve think, that although there may be excep tions in particular cases, the present sizes of the sewers are not too great, and that they ought not to be lessened. " That the sewers, were made, are generally effi cient. " That, as from three to four miles only of the fifty miles of streets, courts, and alleys within the City are without sewers or drains, it is desirable that the same be constructed, as soon as arrangements can be made for the purpose, so that every street, court, or alley within! the City may be efficiently drained. " That the City sewers, which receive the sewer age of the portions of the adjoining county, are sufficient for the discharge of the county and City drainage. "'That as, of the 16,000 houses and buildings in the City, 6,762 have not private covered drains, it is de sirable that these be provided. " That there is a considerable quantity of soft de posit in some of the sewers, but that the fall or incli nation in the private drains is generally such as to keep them clear of offensive matter. " That any general search for cesspools, for the purpose of opening and emptying them, particularly in private houses, would be impolitic as a general measure, and likely to be more injurious than the cesspools now are, if they are properly constructed, which may be ascertained. " That the form of sewers has practically very little to do with the general question of their keeping clear of deposit, this depending very much upon their fall and the quantity of water ; but that no fall or quantity of water is likely to be obtained, even in the City sewers, sufficient to keep them clear of obstruc tions, without the occasional aid of men in the sewer to remove hard deposit. " That the most eminent men of their time have been consulted in, or have directed the execution of the City sewers, including Wren, Wyatt, Dance, Smirke, and Rennie. " That we have discovered nothing in the construc tion of the works which can justify our charging the commissioners with waste in respect of the size or construction of the sewers or otherbNise ; although the outlay during the last 10 years must have been great, as during this time more new sewers have been made than during the previous 130 years. . " That the system of flushing has been introduced lately with great advantage, and is already consider ably extended. " That the desiderata in order to perfect the sewer age of the City are, the formation of the three to four miles of sewers, the extension of private drains, a larger supply of water, the flushing system by gates and tanks, as described in our report, the better ven tilation and discharge of the sewers, and the thorough clearing out of the sewers during the next winter, and keeping them clear in future. Wo assume that the numerous and useful im provements of detail which will,- no .doubt, from tim e to time, be invented, will be conside.red and tested, and, where successful, will be adopted, as appears to have been done heretofore. " We are of opinion that neither of the new plans suggested for Westminster by the surveyor to the • Alutropolitan Sewers Commissioners, nor that of their _ consulting engineer, is applicable to the sewerage of the city of London." DEATH Or MRS. BATEMAN.—At Oak park, TM. lee, on the 26th ult., in her 79th year, Arabella Jane, daughter of the late Sir Barry Denny, of Trt dee Castle,. Baronet, and relict of the late Rowland Bateman, Esq., of Oak Park (Kill een ), Ad ravale and Brosna Manor, i n this county, who (in right of maternal descent), as head of her own family, claimed to be representative of the last Earl of Norwich and Baron Denny, of "Waltham Abbey, ob. 1642, and co-heir to the last Viscount Bal. • tinglass, of the Roper family, ob. 1725; also, to the last Earl and Viscount Coningaby, ob. 1729. • DESTRUCTION OF A VESSEL BY FIRE. --On Tues day a Scotch schooner, named the George, Mr. Mills, master, libund to Arbroath, which had sailed from Sun derland on the preceding evening with a cargo of lime, was driven on Herd Sand, near Shields, where she beat heavily. The sea broke over her and got amongst the lime, which quickly heated and set the vessel on lire. • As soon as practicable a large number of bands boarded the vessel and adopted every possible means to ex tinguish the fire, but ineffectually. The vessel burned the entire night, and on Wednesday morning was a total wreck, being burned to the water's edge. She was insured to the amount of 7001. THE Ex-ROYAL FAMILY or FRANCE. We are happy to learn that the Countess de Neailly, who was very seriously indisposed, and obliged to keep her bed for several da)s after the arrival of the ex-Royal family of France at the Star and Garter, at Richmond, is now nearly convalescent. The Count de Neuilly, who is in.. the enjoyment of excellent health, was scarcely affected by the deleterious nature of the water which was sup plied to the inmates at Claremont. The leaden and. zinc, pipes through which the water was conveyed to Claremont-house are being removed, and new ones sub stituted in their stead. The large reservoirs, also, whence all water was obtained for the use of the house-house- - hold, are in course of being newly cased, so as to pre vent the possibility of any 'danger for the future arising from the same causes which occasioned so much alarm a fortnight ago. The family, suite, and domestics of the ex-King and Queen number no less than 38 persona., occupying between 40 and 50 apartments at the Star and Garter hotel, which were engaged for one month. At the expiration of that period the family are expected to return to Claremont. CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY.--Traffic for the week ending Nov. 11, 1848:—Coaching traffic, 9271. 9s. 9d.; parcels, 471 2s. 3d.; goods and cattle, 2471. 15.; steam-boats, 117/. lls. Total, 1,339/. 4s. The Belgian advices allude to proposals laid before the Chamber of Representatives by the Government for further modification in the sugar duties, through which it is anticipated the revenue derived from that source may be augmented from 3,000,000 f. to 4,000,000 f, The Amsterdam advices report a slight reaction in most securities. Spanish, Dutch, and Mexican having alike suffered from sales. Speculative business in public securities has been wholly abandoned at Frankfort since the events at Ber._ lin, and prices have been generally marked lower. THE MURDER OF A FEMALE.—SEVRNOARS, FRI. . DAY NIGHT.—This forenoon, at eleven o'clock, Mr. C. J. Carttar, the coroner for West Kent, resumed the inves tigation, for the fourth time, at the Cock Inn, Halstead, respecting the brutal murder of a female, now ascer tained to be Margaret Thompson, aged 48. William Deane, of Upper Whitecross-street, London, and other witnesses, deposed that the body of the deceased was that of Margaret Thompson. She was a native of Ken- dal, and had been married to John Thompson, a private in the Foot Guards, but who had been dead about seven teen years ; and on the Bth of September she left Lon don for the purpose of going hop.picking, to Peashearat, in Sussex.—William Rhode, a labourer, now living at 37, Gardener's-lane, York-street, Westminster, said in the course of September and last month, while engaged hopping in the grounds of Mr. ;Beckett. near Tonbridge, be lodged at the house of a party of the name of Ambrose. On the Ist of October a woman answering the description of the de , ceased, and which he believed to be her, came to live at the same lodging-house. She stated that she was in pursuit of work. On the following day she got employ ment on the same grounds where witness was engaged. The witness here described another party visiting the house, with whom the deceased occasionally quarrelled. On or about the 10th or 11th of October the deceased left the grounds, there being no more work for her. Witness saw no more of her. She did not state where she was going. Mrs. Parker, of Denton-green, Oxford, deposed that on Sunday, the 15th of October, she saw a woman, attired in similar clothing to that the de ceased wore, pass through Denton-green, accompanied by two men. It was about half-past eleven o'clock is the forenoon. One was about 27 years of age, and the other appeared a somewhat older man.—Other wit• nesses being examined, whose testimony was not very important, at a late hour the proceedings were adjourned till t he 6th of December. THE M URD ER AT STROOD.—ROCHESTER, FRIDAY. —Last night Mr. Lewis, the coroner for the borough of Rochester, resumed and concluded the inquiry into the circumstances of the death of Mary Abbott, the young woman who was found dead in a ditch, at Fairfield, near this town, on the Bth of October last, and whose death was alleged to have been caused by some unfair means. After several inquiries before the coroner, three per son a mar, his wife, and son, named M'Gill, were ap prehendi d on suspicion of havit g caused the death of the deceased, who bad been seen in the company of Mis. 1% . 1‘1.ii1l on the previous evening. The inquest, yesterday, took place in the Guildhall, which was densely crowdtd by persons anxious to know the result of the proceedings. The jury having been called, evidence was adduced, showing that M'Gill had been seen in deceased's company, shortly before the time of the supposed murder. The coroner proceeded to sum up the case. Ile said two of the persons now in custody hare given evidence before this court; that evitletiog in several points is ccntradic kry. Yet 'upon consulting the law nooks, and upon the advice of the Recorder, I believe that their evidence may he received, it having been given voluntarily; and I also find that they both came without a summons. In re ferring to the evidence of Mrs. and Mr. M'Gill, I find that she owned the piece of carpet, and she said she knew nothing abouk t. (This was a piece of carpet found with the body of deceased.) After going through the whole of the evidence taken at the several adjourn ments, the Coroner continued—l consider the chain of evidence complete, and I beg to remind you that any person possessing a knowledge of the perpetration, must be considered es principals in the first degree, and there fore your verdict must be shaped accordingly. The jury then retired, and after an hour's absence, returned a ver dict of ‘' Wilful Murder against James M'Gill, Thomas M'Gill, and Maria M'Gill." The Coroner then made out his warrant for the committal of the prisoners to Maidstone gaol, to take their trial at the next assizes. SOUTH-EASTERN RAILWAY.—Among the notices of applications to Parliament, is one by the South- Eastern Railway Company, in reference to the restric tion against the opening of the railway from Toubridge wells to Rye, until the line from Hastings to Ashford shall be completed. The same Bill will comprise, amongst other matters, a similar power with respect to the line from Bulverhithe to Ashford, which, by an ex• isting Act, cannot be made by, or transferred to, the South Eastern Company, nor any tolls taken in respect thereof by the company, Limit the completion of the por tion of the railway near Hastings.—Railway Record. THE " WEEKLY SHARE LIST."—A rumour has been in circulation some days past, that a leading officer of one of the principal railway companies had offered a bribe to parties connected with the late Weekly Share List to induce them to refrain from noticing the com pany's affairs. The rumour further goes that the bribe was not accepted—which unquestionably was the case, inasmuch as we can say on good authority that it was never offered—at least not by the gentleman whose name has been so unwarantably handled, nor, as we believe, by any official of any company whatever.—Railway Record. The extreme length of the river-wall at Liverpool, which 'roots the line of the docks, is within a few yards of four miles. The total water area nOrr available amounts to upwards of one hundred and ninety-five acres, and the total quay space to more than fourteen miles. There are in all twenty-one decks in operation, exclusive of graving dock, half-tide docks, and basins. Of these five, comprising about thirty-three acres of water area and nearly two miles of quay space, have been opened within the last few weeks. Two others. and a halt-tide dock, which will yield together twenty one acres of water arca and one mile of quay space, are also in a state of great forwardness, ROMANISM.—The Rev. Robert K. Sconce, 8.A., of Brasenose College, Oxford, has conformed to the Church of Rome. The rev, pervert, in publishing his reasons for secession, urges that he had, previously to leaving the Church, been permitted by his diocesan so hold and teach the identical doctrines which he now holds in com munion with Rome; and that the only doubt existing in his mind for a considerable period previous was, whether his own diocesan or the Bishop of Rome had the greater claim on his obedience. Mr. Sconce was ordained in 1845.—Church and State Gazelle. the report of the directors but, held yesterday, At the meeting of the Alten dining A st s a s t oc ed ia t t h io a n t progress, produea no dividend owin to the low price o the works were could be declared. making bt ine d fa v f o o u r r t a h b e l rr The Sheffield Times says that the burgess roll of that borough exhibits the startling decrease of 1,225 burgesses during the current municipal year. An Amei icon jouri al calculates that, upon an average, steamers on the Mississippi last less than fire years, and that half of them are destroyed by acci dent. A Mr. Baldwin has discovered a method of splitting into two parts a piece of paper, so as to preserve without injury the surface of either side. The letters from Havre continue to report an active business in cotton, and prices were proportionately well maintained. In other descriptions of produce there was no essential alteration, and the general markets were rater flat. MELANCHOLY SUICIDE.— On Monday morning the seruint of Samuel Stephens, Esq., of Axminster, went to call him tor breakfast, and knocked several times at his bed-room, but receiving no answer, went in and dis covered him sitting up in Led with a razor in his hand, and his throat cut in a shocking manner. He appeared to have been dead some hours, as he was quite cold, and the bed-clothes were matted together with blood. De ceased, who was a bachelor, read prayers on the Sunday evening to his servants, after he was in bed. He had been in a despondiPg state of mind for some dale. Wiltshire Herald rF4 RAILWAY RETURNS RAILWAY TRAFFIC.—The following are the Total Receipts of Rails ways for the past week—that is to say, up to the date to which the respective returns are made, together with the receipts of the sam week in the previous year: I