The Sun. — London, England, 1866-01-02 00:00:00

Cardwell, 17. P., and his Constituents. OXFORD, Monday. The members of Lodge 59 of the Ancient Order of Druids dined together this evening at the Town hall, under the presidency of Brother Dudley. Among the guests were the'Right Hon. E. Cardwell, M.P., Mr. Neate, M.P., Mr. J. C. Cavell (the Mayor), Al dermen Hughes, Thompson, Spiers, Carr, and Ward; Captain Fane, Mr. Sheriff Castle, Mr. J. Round, the Rev. J. C. Huims (the city rector), Mr. Justice Towle, Captain Malian, &c. The toast of "The Queen and the Druids" was followed by "Prosperity to Lodge 59," " the Prince of Wales and the rest of the Royal Family," " the Army, Navy, and Volunteers." The CHAIRMAN then proposed " The Health of the City Members." The toast was received with loud and prolonged cheering. . . Mr. CARDWELL, who on rising was greeted with loud cheers, said—Gentlemen, I return you my best thanks for the kind manner in which you have been pleased to receive the mention of my name. I as sure you that if sometimes public duties are onerous and laborious, there is nothing which gives to the discharge of them so much pleasure and so much encouragement as the knowledge which we possess that when we return to meet our constituents and friends in Oxford we are sure to meet from you the most gratifying proofs of your generous confidence and of your kind and cordial support. (Cheers.) When six months ago my friend Mr. Neate and I stood before you as candidates to render an account of our stewardship in a former Parliament, and to ask you for a continuance of the trust which you had re posed in us, we hoped, and you hoped, that the Par liament would be opened and its earlierdeliberations guided by that great Minister whose voice was a power in Europe--(cheers)—and who enjoyed in so unusual a degree the confidence and affection of all his fellow-subjects. (Continued cheers.) Gentle men, that hope has not been realised. We have laid him in the tomb. His name has been added to the long and honoured roll of those who have died in the discharge of their duty. (Hear, hear.) But his memory still lives in the grateful recollection of the people whom he served. (Cheers.) The new Parliament which her gracious Majesty is about to open will, I have no doubt, yield to none of its pre decessors in its efforts for the public good, and will, I have no doubt, when it comes to its termination, bequeath to the nation measures calculated to increase the prosperity of our country, and contribute to the welfare and happiness of the people. (Cheers.) Among those measures, one of the most important that will enage its consideration will be, I have no doubt, the question of Parliamentary Reform. (Loud cheers.) We all know the difficulties of the subject, since it has been proposed by so many suc cessive Governments, and has been dealt with so unsuccessfully by so many successive Parliaments. (Hear.) I speak not as a member of the Adminis tration, I speak only as a member for the city of Oxford addressing his friends and constituents ; but this I will say, that, so far as I have seen the returns which have been made to the present Parliament, it does appear to me that there never was a Parliament better calculated in its composition to give to that great subject a fair and comprehensive hearing, and I, for my part, shall be glad if we are able to bring it to a great and satisfactory solution. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, I observed in the papers to-day that a very eminent member of Parliament said to his constituents a few evenings ago, that—in which I most cheerfully express my concurrence—that there never was a period in our history when we were so singularly prosperous, and when all degrees of the community were bound so closely together in the common ties of brotherhood. (Hear, hear.) I re member the time—althou g h my life has not been long protracted—when very much the reverse was the case, and when, in the centres of industry, in which my lot was cast, distress and discontent were almost as remarkable as prosperity and con tent and cheerfulness are now. If you ask me to what I attribute the happy difference, I say I attri bute it mainly to that course of temperate and pro gressive improvement in the institutions of the country which followed on the enactment of the great Reform Bill. (Cheers.) I know no portion of our institutions—ecclesiastical, municipal, mili tary, above all commercial—which has not shared in this course of great and temperate and progres sive improvement. (Cheers.) In this country dis cussion prepares the way for legislation. At first there are differences of opinion, but by degrees, by Parliamentary debates, by comparison of opinions or public feeling, but above and beyond all by the constant action of a free press examining into the subject—(cheers) —ideas that were at first captivat ing bloom only for a short time, and being unable to stand the test of criticism fall for ever into well deserved oblivion, while those on which opinions appear irreconcilable are by degrees brought down to points on - which, although every one cannot be pleased, yet there does, at least, come that harmony of opinion through the entire community that en ables us to come to conclusions with the general concurrence of the voice of the whole people. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, if there be one came more than another to which I attribute this happy change, I should say it is the entire absence of legislation for classes, and the determined liberty to view every measure that is brought forward with a single re gard to its bearing on the welfare and happiness of the whole people, that has principally been the c ause of the prosperity a n d the content which now exists. (Cheers.) Why is it that, as you see in the finan cial returns of this morning, when taxes are re moved, and you imagine a certain loss will be en tailed on the Exchequer, it almost always happens that the stream of national industry, continually increasing, is not checked by such events as the American war and the loss of a great portion of the staple of our manufactures ; that when the year comes round the loss is smaller than we expected, and the growth of our prosperity has done much to replace it? I say, why is it, except that all these chan ges are calculated for the good of the whole community ? (Cheers.) And, gentlemen, it is not only the effect upon our own country, but it is the effect of the example upon other countries, which tends very much to produce that result. I remember that in the year 1848, when the revolu tion in France brought to this country many distin guished men of that country—we had then for two years finished our great free trade conflict —I re member saying to one of the most eminent French statesmen, " My opinion is that you will not be long before you in France follow our example." His re ply was, "No ; we in France are protectionists." But I was convinced that our example could not be lost upon an intelligent and flourishing people, and accordingly we have lived to see France follow our example, and enter with us into that race of com mercial progress which is destined to benefit her, to benefit ourselves, and by a new link bind the amity between the two countries. (Cheers.) I hope it will not be long before the example spreads over the whole of Europe, andthat the great regions watered by the Danube will enjoy a share of the blessings of free commerce. Thus it is that the nations of Europe will be more and more united together year by year in the peaceful partnership of commerce. (Cheers Gentlemen, if we cast our eyes across the Atlantic, and look at that great nation which speaks thesame language and draws the law from the same sources as ourselves, is it not cause of thankfulness not only to them, but to us, that the great calamity which afflicted them has now ceased for ever ? Do we not cordially rejoice that, purged from the sin and stain of slavery, the great North American country is about to enter on a career of prosperity and great ness and to take a foremost place in the community of nations. We desire to see the provinces of British North America associated together in a link of the firmest union, strong in their own resources, power ful for their own government and for their own defence, and remaining, as they loyally desire to remain, united under the Crown and under the name of England. (Cheers.) In our colonial admi nistration We have parted with much of the power which formerly belonged to this country. Many of our countrymen are settled in distant parts of the globe. What we retain we desire only to use for the increase of their power, of their welfare, and of their growing greatness, and we d esire to see them form ing communities under the British Crown, indeed, but in a great degree self-dependent, and owing their strength and resources and industry and power to themselves ; and we feel that when we concede to them the power of self-government we throw upon them the burden of the power of providing for their own support. (Cheers.) These are the principles on which we think Englishmen, wherever they are, ought to be governed, by which they desire to be go verned, and we feel that they are principles which tend to strengthen the name and power of England, not only here at home, but in every portion of the globe where their industry and desire for progress and prosperity shall lead them to settle. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, I will now say a word respectinganother colony very differently circumstanced. You are well aware of the anxiety which the great colony of Ja maica has caused to her Majesty's Government dur ing the last few months. I shall not follow Capt. Fane into that portion of his address in which he touched upon party politics. I shall confine myself entirely to topics which are free from any reference of that kind, and shall only say that which I thinkit right you should know, and which youexpectto hear from me. Gentlemen, you are perfectly aware that in the middle of the month of October serious dis turbances- took place at Morant Bay, on the south coast of the island of Jamaica, and continued for some days ; that they spread to a place on the east of the island, and nearly to Port Antonio on the north of it. Now, among all the controversies on the subject one thing has never been disputed, and that is that by great promptitude on the part of the authorities, and by the skilful disposition of troops, comparativesafety was speedily restored to all persons of whatever race or colour who desired to live in peace and orderly submission to the law. (Cheers.) But serious ques tions have arisen as to the measures which were taken in the course of that repression, and after that comparative safety had been effected. Now, the plain truth is, that we are not in possession of suffi cient information to enable us to arrive at a reliable and just conclusion on this subject, on which ques tions have been raised. (Hear, hear.) That being so, we have felt it to be our bounden duty to in stitute an inquiry into the matter, that we thought that inquiry could only be complete and satisfac tory if it was instituted in the island itself. (Cheers.) Accordingly, we have obtained the services of the distinguished man Sir H. Storks, who left the seat of his government at Malta, and has proceeded for a time to take the govern ment of Jamaica, and to preside over the inquiry there to be conducted. Captain Fane has taken the opportunity of proposing a question to me, and it is a question which I have not the least objection to answer to him and to you. (Cheers.) He asks me whether the temporary interruption of Governor Eyre's command was intended as a stigma upon Governor Eyre, or whether it was a necessary concomitant of the institution of the inquiry in the island. I have great pleasure in telling my friend that it was not intended as a stigma upon Governor Eyre. (Loud cheers.) I hold it to be the duty of every man who has the fairness of an Englishman in his heart—and I am quite sure it is the duty of her Majesty's Government, and more particularly of the individual who now addresses you—when he in stitutes an inquiry, to avoid all pre-judgment of the result of that inquiry, and I can only say that when the whole business comes to be laid before the Im perial Parliament that I trust it will be seen that to the best of our ability, and as far as the circum stances of the case have rendered it possible, we have done all in our power to obtain a fair and full in quiry, and to avoid in any degree prejudging the result of that inquiry with regard to those who, be it observed, were compelled by, their duty to act under the circumstances in which they were placed. (Cheers.) I trust I have satisfactorily answered the question of Capt. Fane. (Loud cheers.) Gen tlemen, we thought that for the good of the colony and for the completeness and effectiveness of the inquiry it was most important that all the powers of the Crown, civil as well as military, should dur ing the conduct of the inquiry be vested in a single hand, and as soon as we had determined upon the inquiry we communicated with Sir H. Storks, and as soon as he reached this country he received the commission from the Crown, and is at this moment approaching the shores of Jamaica, and about to enter upon his duties. We have also been able to secure the services of two other most distinguished men to assist Sir 11. Storks, and to-morrow they will leave this country for Jamaica. I think, there fore, we have done that which it was our duty to do, and I trust that we are free from all imputation of having in any degree prejudged the case. (Loud cheering.) Mr. NEATE, M.P., also responded to the toast, and referring to the Jamaica question, observed that whatever exaggeration there might have been on the part of those who were called pseudo-philan thropists, they did express, perhaps with some ex aggeration, what he believed to be the real feeling of the educated and humane people of this country. (Cries of "No, no," and " Hear, hear.") He begged every one not to commit himself prematurely to any expression of approbation of what he, in common with the country at large, might, upon obtaining greater knowledge, have to denounce, reprobate, and condemn as measures of excessive severity (Hear.) Several other toasts were afterwards given and re sponded to. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. METROPOLITAN AND LONDON, CHATHAM, AND DOVER. Yesterday the short junction between these two lines was opened for passenger traffic. The junction line passes from the Metropolitan under Snow-hill, and then up a steep incline and over the oranmental iron bridge across Ludgate-hill to the Ludgate sta tion of the London, Chatham, and Dover Rail way. It was this short piece of line which Captain Tyler, Government hispector, examined carefully in the course of last Saturday afternoon. Mr. Myles Fenton, general manager of the Metropolitan, and Mr. Forbes, of the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway, were in attendance on behalf of their re spective companies. The inspection occupied some time. Late in the evening —about 8 o'clock --the which . officials received the Board of Trade certificate complished yesterday authorising the opening of morning, i ng the line, under the was tic_ , supervi sion of Mr. Fenton and Mr. Forbes. The first train was started at 7 28 from the Ludgate station, and was succeeded rapidly by others. Metropolitan trains run every five and ten minutes backwards and forwards between H a mmersmith and Moor gate stations, w hil e those of the Great Western were despatched as usual every half-hour from the old F arringdon-street station to Kensington, and vice versa. The train service of the London, Chatham, and Dover was from the Ludgate station to that of th e Great Northern at King's-cross, and back to th e c i ty. During the day an immense number of p assengers were carried through the Farringdon-street junction, the number of trains over the Metropolitan line having been 450. On Wednesday (to-morrow) the Great N orthern Com pany will run their trains through the Farri n b rrdon street station to the Ludgate station. [ADVERTISEMENT.] _That the fearful annual mortality of 60,000 young children and delicate arrested, if, instead of fiyinc , which, though a;,pirently blin e d i l ers')na of all ages may be relieving to pills and medicines, reality no o.her tendency than that the tn patient, tea s t n g debility, have in sand with it the danger of life, we were simply e to study how to increase the vital force by imparting m en n w and pure blood, Du w Barry'sb o e frame nva upon which the harmonious development ° eyed b t y o f the depends, has been successfull Inva lids' and Infa..ts' Food, the Itevalenta Arsbica' and thousands of cures annually. I t y i elds three times asm mush easily assimilated nourishment as the beat meat, and for children it ii the best substitute for human milk. Dr. Rout!), physician to the Samaritan Hospital for Women and. Children—the best authority on such matters —in his admir able publication on Food, says —Amongst the vegetable sub stances, that which comes closest t) milk in its composition is, without doubt, Du Barry's Itevalenta Arabica Food, con aining both phosphoric acid in abundance and chloride of potassium ; it also includes casein, the same principle which is found in milk in its constituent parts. No wonder, there fore, that under its influence m any children affected with atrophy (wasting away of the body+, and marked debt ity, have completely recovered. I have given it with the greatest advantage in such cases; and so far as I may judge from my own experience, practice fully carries out what theory, from a knowledge of its composition, led us to anticipate.— In tins,l lb., 28.9 d. 21b., 45. 6d ; 51b., Its. ; 12Th., 228.; 241 b. 400.—Barry Du Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London; also Philli tea dealers, 5, King William-street; likewise at 61, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside; 49, Bishopsgate street Within ; 63,150, and 298, Oxford-street ; 330, Strand; 54, Upper Baker-street ; 103, Tottenham-court-road ; 90, Upper-street, Islington, N. ; Harvey, Notting-hill ; Close Brothers,street ; and Stubbs, Queen's-terrace, St. J ,L i on h eion ; and all respectable grocers and obe ohn,s .wc 65, 0 d High-street mists.—Beware of spurious imitations. TBt LONDON, TUESDAY EVENINCT, JANUARY 2, .18b6. "Peace on Earth." BY THOMAS HUGHES, M.P. FOR LAMBETH. The last time that the season of "peace on earth and good will to men" came round, the great struggle between the free and slave powers in America had not yet come to death-grips. Here, at least, many people still believed that the Southern States would not be subdued, and were sooner or later to establish their independence, and a new polity which would act for the rest of time as a healthy corrective to the dangerously popular institutions and ideas of New England. The year has passed, and the great revolutionary epic of our time has closed. Perhaps some of us may still stop short of Mr. Seward's triumphant summing up :—" Death," he says in his yearly address to his fellow-citizens at Auburn, "death has removed his victims ; liberty has crowned her heroes ; humanity has crowned her martyrs; the sick and the stricken are cured ; the surviving combatants are fraternizing ; and the coun try—the object of our just pride, and lawful affection— once more stands collected and composed, firmer, stronger, and more majestic than ever before, without one cause of dangerous discontent at home, and without any enemy in the world." We may think him somewhat too hopeful in the breadth of his assertion; and may have our fears that it may take a generation yet to weld again into one brother hood all the states of the Union. But, when he predicts so fearlessly that "under next October's sun he shall be able, with his fellow-townsmen in Auburn, to rejoice in the restoration of peace, harmony, and union throughout the land," we cannot but own that earlier prophecies of his which seemed at least as rash, have been fulfilled almost to the letter. In any case, we do all willingly now admit, and honour, the marvellous energy and constancy with which the great game has been played out • by the American people. As one of the many Englishmen whose faith in that people never faltered during the con test, I do most heartily rejoice to see that all classes of my countrymen are at last not only ready to appreciate, but hearty in their appreciation of, what has been done for freedom in America in this revolutionary war. lam sure that we now only want further knowledge of facts to honour our kith and kin across the Atlantic as they de serve to be honoured, for the glorious sacrifices which they made of all that was most precious and dearest to them in a struggle upon which not only their own life as a nation, but the future of at least one-third of the world, was at stake. In this belief, I think that Christmas is the right time for bringing out into somewhat clearer light a side of the drama which has not been as yet fairly presented to us here—l mean, first, the strain on the resources of the Northern States while the war lasted; and, secondly, the heroism of the men of gentle birth and nurture, who, so far from shrinking from the work, are' fighting by sub stitute (as was asserted by some of our leading journals), took at least their fair share fg all the dangers and miseries and toils of those dark years. First then, as to the people's work ; and, highly as we may value the mei who have come to the front, and whose names as soldiers and statesmen are now known over the whole world, we must acknowledge that the true hero of the war is, after all, the American people. In proof of this I will take one or two instances of the Northern States, and look for a moment at what the call was which was made on them, and how they answered to it. Let us look, as a first instance, at the smallest in area of all the States, and the smallest in population of all tho free States. Little Rhode Island, at the census of 1860, just before the breaking out of the war, contained a popu lation of 174,620. As usual in the Eastern States, the females considerably exceeded the males, and of the latter there were 82,304 altogether. Up to December Ist, 1862 —that is to say, in less than two years from the first call of the President for troops—Rhode Island furnished 14,626 mon to the army, and 1,400 to the navy, or almost 1 in 5 of her total male population, and, of course, far more than that proportion of her men of fighting age, between 18 and 45. In the first enthusiasm, when the call for 500,000 men came in the summer of 1861, the quota of Rhode Island was 4,057, and she furnished 5,124. Ido not give the later returns, because there appears to have been a large number of substitutes amongst her recruits after 1862, and I have no means of knowing whether these were or were not natives of the State. There is no need to overstate the case, and 1....5h0u1d, on every account, shrink from doing so. Rhode Island, though the smallest, is tenth in rank of all the States as a producer, and her people aro consequently rich and prosperous. If, in the later years of the war, they found substitutes in large numbers, it must be, at the same time, remembered, that they contributed more largely than any other State, in pro portion to numbers, to that noblest of all charities—the Sanitary Commission. But Englishmen will very likely say, "Give us an instance of any but a New England State; they are ex ceptional." Let us take Indiana, then, one of the mighty young Western sisters, a community scarce half a century old. A stronger contrast to Rhode Island could scarcely have been found. Indiana, in 1860, possessed 8,161,717 acres of improved farming land ; Rhode Island but 329,884. Indiana was fifth of all the States in agricultural pro duction, and thirteenth in manufacture—Rhode Island standing tenth, or three higher than her gigantic younger sister. Yet we find the same readiness of re sponse to the President's call to arms amongst Western I farmers as amongst New England mechanics and mer chants. The population of Indiana is returned in the census of 1860 at 1,350,428, and her males at 693,469. On the 31st of December, 1862, she had furnished 102,698 soldiers, besides a militia home-guard when her frontiers were threatened. When Morgan made his raid into the state, 60,000 tendered their services within twenty-four hours, and nearly 20,000 were on his track within three days. I do not happen in this case to have the later returns, and so must turn back to New England, to the old Puritan Bay state, to give one perfect example of what the American people did in the great struggle. Massachusetts, at the outbreak of the war, held a population of 1,230,000 or thereabouts, out of which there were 257,833 males between the ages of 15 and 40. The first blood shed in the war against the slave power, as in the Revolutionary war against England, was Massachu setts blood. The 6th Massachusetts was fired on in the streets of Baltimore on April 19th, 1861, and had to fight its way through the town, losing 4 killed and 30 wounded in the operation. Well, the number of men demanded of Massachusetis during the war was 117,624. The number furnished by her (reducing all to the three years' standard) was 125,437, being a surplus over all calls of 7,813. Besides these 6,670 were mustered in answer to a call for three months' men in 1864, which were never credited to her by the Government. Look at the meaning now of this other fact, that she has actually sent more men to the war than are now to be found in the State liable to do military duty. How does this tell as to wear and tear of the human material in those Southern campaigns ? The last assessors' return gave these at 133,767 ; while the total number who served (including three and nine months' men, and not adhering to the three years' standard) was 153,486. Out of these, how many does the reader (who has probably heard more or less of " stopping the war by prohibiting emigration from Ireland," and of " New England hiring foreign mercenaries to do the fighting") think were foreign recruits? Just 907. This does not include men born out of the State, but resident or natural ized there before the war broke out. These latter, how ever, I suppose, could not come within the definition of foreign mercenaries ; and, of _foreigners arriving in America during the war, Massachusetts enlisted, as I have said, 907 out of 150,000. While on this point, I may add that the most reliable statistics as to the whole forces of tha North show that the native-born Americans there were nearly 80 per cent., of naturalized Americans 15, and of foreigners 5 per cent. only, in the ranks. I can honestly say that I have chosen these States at hazard, and that a scrutiny of the remaining free States would give a very similar result. And now let us con sider what that result is. Rhode Island, Indiana, and Massachusetts may perhaps equal in proportion this me tropolis with its immediate suburbs; while one of them alone actually sent to active service, in the four years of the war, an army equal in numbers to the total volunteer force now under arms in Great Britain. Rhode Island is not so populous as Sheffield ; and in eighteen months she armed and sent South 15,000 of her citizens. I know that England in like need would be equal to a like effort. Let us honour, then, as they deserve, the people of our own lineage to whom the call has come, and who have met it. .1 need scarcely pause to note how the Northern people have paid in purse as well as in person. Let one instance suffice. In 1864 the assessment of Massachusetts for taxes to support the general Government amounted to four teen millions, every fraction of which was collected with out impediment or delay. Add to this the State taxation, and the amounts contributed to the Sanitary Commission, and other organisations for distributing voluntary contri butions in support of the war, and we should reach a figure almost exceeding belief. I have no means of stating it accurately, but am quite safe in putting it as high as $25,000,000, actually raised and paid, by a State with a population less than half of that of our metropolis, in one twelvemonth. And now for my second point—the example set by the men of birth, wealth, and high position. Here, too, I feel sure that a few simple facts, taken at hazard from the mass which I have under my hand, will be moro than enough to satisfy every just and generous man amongst my countrymen ; and I am proud to believe that, whatever our prejudices may be, there are few indeed amongst us to whom such an appeal will be made in vain. I have said above that the mass of materials is large ; I might have said unmanageable. It is, indeed, impossible to take more than an example hero and there, and to bring these out as clearly as one can in the limits of an article. Let me take as mine a family or two, with some one or more of whose members I have the honour of friendship or acquaintance. And, first, that of J. Russell Howell, the man to whose works I owe more, personally, than to those of any other American. It would be hard to find a nobler record. The young men of this stock seem to have been all of high mark, distinguished specially for intellectual power and attainments. Surely the sickle of war has never been put more unsparingly into any field ! First in order comes Willie Putnam, age 21, the sole surviving son of Lowell's sister, a boy of the highest culture and promise, mortally wounded at Ball's Bluff, in October, 1861, in the first months of the war, while in the act of going to the help of a wounded companion. At the same bitter fight his cousin, James Jackson Lowell, aged 24, was badly hurt ; but, after a short absence to recruit, joined his regi ment again, and fell on June 30th, 1862. " Tell my father I was dressing the line of my company when I was hit," was his last message home. He had been first in his year at Harvard, and was taking private pupils in the law school when the war broke out. Warren Russell fell at Bull's Run, in August, 1862. Many of us here may remem ber the account, which was reprinted in the Times and other papers, of the presentation of colours to the 2d Massachusetts Infantry, by Mr. Motley, at Boston, in the summer of 1861. It attracted special notice from the fact that the author of the "History of the Dutch Republic" had been so lately living amongst us, and was so well known and liked here. The group of officers who received those colours were the very jeunesse donee of Massachu setta—Quincy, Dwight, Abbott, Robeson, Russell, Shaw, Gordon, Savage, Perkins. Such a roll will speak volumes to all who have any acquaintance with New England history. Those colours have come home riddled, tattered, blackened ; but five-sixths of the young officers have given their lives for them, and of the 1,000 rank and file who then surrounded them scarcely 150 survive. This by the way. I refer to the muster, because Robert Shaw was amongst those officers—a name already honoured in these pages, and another nephew of Lowell's. Shaw's sister married Charles Lowell, of whom more presently. We all know how Robert Shaw, after two years' gallant service, accepted the command of the first black regiment raised in Massachusetts (the 54th); how ho led them in the opera tions before Charleston, and was buried with his "niggers in the pit under Fort Wagner—the grandest sepulture earned by any soldier of this century. By his side fought and died Cabot Russell, the third of Lowell's nephews, then a captain of a black company. Stephen George Perkins, another nephew, was killed at Cedar Creek ; and Francis Dutton Russell at one of the innumerable Vir ginian battles. I pass to the last on the list, and the most remarkable. Charles Russell Lowell, the only brother of the James who died "dressing his line," was also the first scholar of his year (1854) at Harvard. He had visited Europe for health, and made long riding tours in Spain and Algeria, where he became a consummate horseman. On the day after the 6th Massachusetts were fired on in Baltimore streets Charles Lowell heard of it, and started by the next train to Washington, passing through Baltimore. All com munication between the two cities was suspended, but he arrived on foot at Washington in forty eight hours. In those first days of confusion, he became agent for Massa chusetts at Washington, and brought order out of chaos for his own State before joining the army. His powers of command and organisation gained him rapid promotion. He served with distinction in the Peninsula campaign of M'Clellan, and, after Antietam, was selected to carry the captured standards to Washington. He raised a second cavalry regiment at home in the winter of 1862. He was placed in command of the cavalry force which protected Washington during the dark days of 1863. In Sheridan's brilliant ,campaign of 1864, he commanded the cavalry brigade, of four regular regiments, and the 2nd Massa chusetts volunteer cavalry. He had thirteen horses shot under him before the battle of Cedar Creek, on October 19th ; was badly wounded early in that day, and lifted on to his fourteenth horse to lead the final charge, so faint that he had to give his orders in a whisper. Urged by those around him to leave the field, he pressed on to the critical point of attack, and himself led the last charge which ended one of the most obstinate battles of the war. It is the death of this nephew which wrung from his uncle the lines which occur in one of the last winter's numbers of the Atlantic Magazine— " Wut's words to them whose faith and truth On War's red techstone rang true metal ; Who ventured life, an' love, an' youth For the gret prize o'deth in battle ? To him who, deadly hurt, agen Flashed on afore the charge's thunder, • Tippin' with fire the bolt of men That rived the rebel line asunder ? "'Ta'u't right to hey the young go fusty All throbbin' full o' gifts and graces, Leaving life's paupers dry and dust To try and make b'lieve fill their places ; Nothin' but tells us wut we miss,; Ther's gaps our lives can't never say in, An' that world seems so fur from this, Lef for us loafers to grow grey in." Ho died next day of his wounds, leaving a widow of twenty, himself not thirty. The, Gazette, in which his commission as :general was published, did not reach the army till after his death. Sheridan, with the generosity which most of the great Northern captains have shown, declared that the country conld better have spared himself, and that there was no one quality of a soldier which he could have wished added to Charles Lowell. My first example, then, gives us one family, in which there was no soldier in 1860, losing eight young men under thirty in little more than three years' fighting. I have mentioned the name of Motley above. Let us see how it fared with his circle. He has assured me more than once, that of his own immediate family there were fewer than the average in the ranks ; but he had at least five near relatives serving—three Lothrops, one of whom was killed in Louisiana; Major Motley, badly wounded in Virginia, early in 1864 ; and Major Stackpoley another highly distinguished graduate of Harvard, who served through the whole war, and has now resumed his practice as barrister. Miss Motley married Captain Ives, a gentleman of fortune in Rhode Island, who was travelling in Europe when the war broke out. Ho volunteered in the navy, commanded the Potomac flotilla, and accompanied Burn side's expedition to S. Carolina, where he contracted the illness of which he has since died. His cousin Robert Ives, also a man of large fortune, volunteered into the army and was killed at Antietam. I believe they were the two last men who bore the name of Ives in their State. The name of Wadsworth is better known hero than most American names in consequence of its English con nexion. The head of the family was a country gentleman living on his estates Geneses, in New York State, up to 1860, with a family of three sons and three daughters. At the news of the attack on the Union troops in Balti more he instantly chartered a steamer, loaded her with provisions, and sent her up the Potomac—a most timely aid to the capital. Ho acted as aide-de camp to M'Dowell, and was his right-hand man in the Bull Run campaign, his :" youngest as well as his oldest aide ;" was made a general soon afterwards; and, after several campaigns, was placed in command at Washington. His reputation as an officer had now become such that at the beginning of the last campaign every corps commander of the army of the Potomac applied to the War Department to have him with them as brigadier. He was killed in the wilderness in the last advance on Richmond. His three sons have all served, the youngest having enlisted at sixteen. Thus every man in the family served ; and the only married daughter is the widow of Colonel Montgomery Ritchie, one of two brothers, both of whom served with distinction, one to the sacrifice of his life by the same subtle disease which struck down Captain Ives. I could go to any length, for my acquaintance with Americans is large, and I scarcely know a man who has not lost some relative in the war. But, apart from one's own acquaintance, there is scarcely one of the famous colonial and revolutionary names which has not been re presented. The Jays, Adamses, Schuylers, Livingstones, Van Reugselaers, have not failed their country in her second great need ; and have fought well, and worked hard, though the present holders of these honoured names, mcstly quite young men, have not had time to reach their ancestors' places.' The bearers of groat names, I take it, do not get such a start in the States as with us at home. A descendant (grandson, I believe) of Alexander Hamilton, however, became a general, while several of his cousins remained in lower ranks.. Colonel Fletcher Webster, only surviving son of Daniel Webster, was killed in Virginia. Perhaps the man who excited most the hopes and martial enthusiasm of Americans in the first months of the war was Major Theodore Winthrop, grandson of the famous Governor John Winthrop, scholar, traveller, poet, athlete, who was killed at the disastrous battle of Great Bethel, June 10th, 1861. A son of General Porter, who was dis tinguished in the last war with us, fell as a colonel in the spring campaign of 1864. Even the families famous, as yet, for wealth only have not shrunk from fighting; one Astor at least, and Cutting; Schermerhorns, Lydigs, and others, having held their own in the volunteer ranks. Or, let us come to names more familiar than any other Transatlantic ones to us—the Boston group. Longfellow's young son (Charlie, as I hear all men call him) has managed to fight a campaign, and got badly hit in Louisiana, at an age when our boys are thinking of their freshman's term at Oxford. Oliver Wendell Holmes (junior), poet, artist, Greek scholar, virtuoso, has been twice—l was going to say killed—well, shot through the body and neck, and again in the heel ; aud, having fought through all to the end of the war, is again busy with brush and pen. Olmstead has fought, with mightier weapons than rifled cannon, at the head of the Sanitary Commission. Of four brothers Dwight, two were killed, and a third fought his way to general. Whittiers, Apple tons, Lorings, Crowningshields, Dehons—but I will tax my readers' patience no longer with rolls of names which, perhaps, to most of them, will be names, and nothing more ! Let this last summing up of the work of men of birth and position in one State suffice :—(I choose Massa chusetts again, because, thanks to Governor Andrew, we have more accurate returns as to her, than as to any other State). Since the declaration of war, 434 officers from Massachusetts have been killed— 9 generals, 16 colonels, 17 lieutenant-colonels, 20 majors, 15 surgeons, 2 chaplains, 110 captains, and 245 lieutenants. Of the 35 general officers from that State, 10 only have escaped wounds. Of all the living graduates of Harvard (the university of highest repute in America), one-fifth, or, to be as accu rate as possible, nineteen and some fraction per cent., have served with the army. At Yale College, the percentage has been even higher. Conceive a struggle which should bring one in every five of men who have taken degrees at Oxford and Cambridge under fire, and which should call on us, besides our regular army, to keep on foot and recruit for three years a volunteer army five times as large as our present one ! Such plain facts and returns as these will, I am sure, convince the last sceptic if there be one left amongst us at this Yule tide, 1865,—that New Finland has not spared of her best blood in the great day of the Lord, under the burthen and heat of which the whole North has reeled and staggered indeed, but without ever bating heart m hope, and always gaining fresh power, through three years of war which have seemed—nay, which have been—a life time. In such crises time is not measured by years or days. The America which looked on, paralyzed and doubtful, when John Brown prophesied all these things on his way to the scaffold, kissing a negro child as he passed along, while Stonewall Jackson and his pupils guarded the gibbet the America of State sovereignty and Dred Scott law, in which the Gospel news meant avowedly " Good will to white men," and abolitionism was loathed as a vulgar and mischievous fanaticism—is as far behind us to-day for all practical purposes as the England of the Stuarts, or the France of the Regency. What this means, for the old world as well as the new, I will not pause to consider. My estimate might raise smiles or provoke criticism amongst us, both of which (good as they are in their right time and place) I am anxious here to avoid. I prefer at parting to endeavour to put my readers in sympathy with the spirit, the heart, and conscience, of the North, in presence of their astounding success. I can not do this better than by a glance at the Commemoration of the living and dead soldiers of Harvard University. Commemoration Day at Harvard, in July, 1865, must in deed have stamped itself indelibly on the memories of all those sons of the first American universities who were present at the gathering. To me, 1 own, even the meagre reports one got over here in the American papers were unspeakably touching. The irrepressible joy of a people delivered, after years of stern work and patient waiting, from an awful burthen, almost too heavy for mortal shoulders to bear, tempered, as it was, by the tenderest sympathy for the families of the fallen, and a solemn turning to give glory and thanks with full heart to that God who gireth victory, and healeth wounded spirits, and standeth above His people as the shadow of a great rock in a weary land the mingled cry of triumph, and agony, and trust, and love, which went up from the very heart of that meeting—must ever, to my mind, rank amongst the most noble, the most sublime pieces of history of the century in which we are living. Let the reader consider the following as compared with ordinary commemoration poetry. The first is the hymn written for the commemoration service by Robert Lowell : " Thy work, 0 God, goes on in earth, With shouts of war, and harvest songs : A ready will is all our worth ; To Thee our Maker all belongs. "Thanks for our great and dear, who knew To lavish life great meeds to earn ; Our dead, our living, brave and true, To each who served Thee in his turn. "Show us true life as in Thy Son ; Breathe through our flesh the Holy Ghost ; Then earth's strongholds are stormed and won ; Then man dies faithful at his post. "They crowd behind us to this shade, The youth who own the coming years ; Be never God, or land, betrayed, By any son our Harvard rears !" My second quotation shall be in a stanza from the Com memoration Ode, by the best - known member of the family, James Russell Lowell, author of the Biglow Papers : " Bow down, dear Land, for thou halt found release ! Thy God, in these distempered days, Hath taught thee the surd wisdom of His ways, And through thine enemies hath wrought thy peace, Bow down in prayer and praise ! O Beautiful! my Country ! ours once more ! Smoothing thy gold of war-dishevelled hair O'er such sweet brows as never other wore, And letting thy set lips, Freed from wrath's pale eclipse, The rosy edges of their smile lay bare, What words divine of lover or of poet Could tell our love and make thee know it, Among the Nations bright beyond compare ? What were our lives without thee ? What all our lives to save thee ? We reek not what we gave thee ; We will not dare to doubt thee ; But ask whatever else, and we will dare !" Was ever truer, braver, ring struck out of the metal out of which English-speaking men are made ? If so, I for one have yet to learn when, and where. And now at this Christmas time, when their tremendous storm-cloud has broken up, and nothing but a light streak or two is to be seen in their heavens, let us seize this precious moment, never to recur again in their or our history, and, by graceful and loyal word and deed, show them that we honour, as it deserves, the work they have done for the world since the election of 1860, and can sympathise with their high hopes for tho future of their continent with no jealousy or distrust, as brethren of the same stock, and children of the same Father.—Macmillan's Magazine. American Railway Intelligence. (From Messrs. E. F. Satterthwaite and Co's Weekly Circular) By the Scotia we have advices from New York to the 12th instant. The market for Government securities was reported strong, especially for the 7.30 currency bonds, and for the issue of 5.20's usually dealt in in European markets. Railroad Shares wore steady at about former quotations, but State Stocks and Railroad Mortgages were dull and neglected, most of the best descriptions of the latter being obtainable at or under par. Money was abundant at for mer rates. Via Crookhaven we have received the following quota tions, being to the 16th instant : United States 5.20's 1031 Erie Common 9312 Illinois bentrals 1324 ' Gold 1461 2 The following is the return of the New York Banks : Discounts. Specie. Circulation. Deposits. $ $ Dec. 2. 229,197,844 13,434103 15,8 6 ,400 175,52 $ 3,894 Dec. 9. 227,839,344 15,622,780 16,570,613 176,480,562 TRAFFIC RETURNS FOR NOVEMBER.—Atlantic and Great Western : 1865, $731,270 ; 1864, 381,810 ; increase, $349,460. Chicago and Rock Island : 1865, $261,141; 1864, $319,815; decrease, $58,674. Illinois Central: 1865, $624,968; 1864, 657,141; decrease, $32,173. Michi gan Central : 1865, $447,669; 1864, $405,509 ; increase, $42.160. Michigan Southern : 1865, $198,421 ; 1864, $441,522 ; increase, $53,809. We give, amongst other traffic returns for November, those of the Illinois Central, and of the Atlantic and Great Western Railroads. Taking the present exchange in each case at $7 to the pound sterling, the former line shows a gross receipt of £llB per mile for the month, and the latter £212 per mile ; now, consideririg that the Illinois Central has for some time past paid dividends to the shareholders at the rate of ten per cent. per annum from the traffic receipts alone, we think the bondholders of the Atlantic and Great Western cannot but feel perfectly assured that the resources of the company are fully adequate to meet all the interest required by them, and leave a large surplus. We wish to draw the attention of our friends to the a b so l u te necessity of immediately sending out to New York for registration any Illinois and Erie Shares which they may hold standing in other than their own names. If this precaution is not adopted, we fear much diffi culty may be experienced in obtaining the forthcoming dividend. NOTICES. —We are prepared to cash the following cou pons, subject to recourse :—United States Government Bonds —Erith Fifth Mortgage, 1888, payable Ist Decem ber ; Pennsylvania First Mortgage, 1880, payable Ist' January; Philadelphia and Reading, 1886, payable Ist January Pittsburg, Fort Wayne, and Chicago, 1912, pay able Ist January; Chicago and Rock Island, 1870, payable 10th January. The Great Western of Canada Traffic is, for week end ing —Dec. 8, 1865, £13,025 ss. 2d. sterling, on 315 miles, or £37 15s. Id. per mile per week. Dec. 9, 1861, £11,632 19s. 2d. sterling, 315 miles, or £33 14s. 4d. per mile per week. The Grand Trunk of Canada traffic is, for week end ing —Dec. 2, 1865, £31,832 sterling, on 1,377 miles, or £23 2s. 4d. per mile per week. Dec. 3, 1864, £25,466 ster ling, on 1335 miles, or £l9 Is. 6d. per mile per week. The Detroit and Milwaukie traffic is, for the week end ing—Dec. 7, 1865, £6,711 6s. sterling, on 189 miles, or £35 10s. 2d. per mile week. Dec. 8, 1864, £5,670 18s. ld. sterling, on 189 miles, or £3O per week. For some days after our last, the London Market for American securities was very strong, with a decidedly up ward tendency, but yesterday, on the receipt of the ad vices by the " Scotia," causing some apprehension on the Mexican question, quotations gave way. The high rates asked for continuation of stocks to-day has still further depressed the market, and prices generally are two per cent. under last week; United States 5.20 Bonds closing 64i to ; Illinois, 80 to ; and Erie, 57 to The approaching annual drawing for Sinking Fund of the Atlantic and Great Western (Pennsylvania First Mortgage) Bonds has induced some purchases, and the latest price shows an advance of $l. The New York Section, First Mortgage, are also $1 higher, and in the now Consolidated paid-up Bonds there have been transac tions at 80 to 81. OFFICIAL TRANSACTIONS FOR THE WEEK :—United States 6 per Cent. 5.20 Bonds, 1882: Thursday, 661 1 1 ; Friday, 66 ' 1; Tuesday, 661 51 6 51 ; Wednesday, 641 541 H. Virginian 6 per Cent. Dollar Bonds : Thursday, 421; Friday, 421. Atlan. and Gt. Western (N.Y. Sect.), Ist Mrt. Bonds, 1880: Friday, 81; Tuesday, 801 791 ; do. (Penn. Sect.) Ist Mrt. Bonds, 1877: Friday, 781; Wednesday, 791 ; do. do., 2nd do., 1882: Tuesday, 751; Wednesday, 751; Erie Shares, $lOO, all paid: Thurs day, 581; Friday, 581 11; Tuesday, 58 ; Wednesday, 571 7 ; do. 6 pe r Cont.. De benture Scrip: Thursday, 11 1 ; Friday, 111 pm ; Tuesday, 111 pm ; Wednesday, 11 1 pm. Illinois Central Shares, all paid : Thursday, 82/ 2 ; Tuesday, 811; Wednesday, 8011 1. CLAPHAM JUNCTION.—On Saturday morning about 7 o'clock ono of the platelayers, named Worrell, working upon the main line of the South-Western Rail way, near Clapham Junction, was accidentally caught by a pilot-engine, and killed instantly, his body being fearfully crushed by the violence of the blow, which caused his death. The corpse was taken to the Wandsworth Union. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—A welcome New Year's gift is just pre sented to the public in the Report on the Sea FiSheries of the kingdom. More opportune assu rances could never be given than are here offered to us by the Commissioners. At a moment when we are apprehending with only too much reason a scarcity of meat, it is something to learn that there is no danger of a scarcity of fish. Nor should any reader imagine that the two things are not to be compared. London consumes as much Ash as beef. It is estimated that about 300,000 fat cattle, repre senting about 90,000 tons of beef, are t a k en for our annual supply. But it is also estimated that 80,000 tons of " trawled " fish—that is, fish of the larger and finer kinds—enter into our year's con sumption, independently of sprats, herrings, and shellfish. There is great reason, therefore, to re joice at the announcement that, if the supply of beef should be diminished, that of fish is not likely to fail. In fact, the Report before us will gratify most people, though it will astonish many, and per haps displease a few. We shall best recall the sub ject to the public mind by repeating the particular instructions which the Commissioners received. They were directed to ascertain, first, whether the supply of fish was increasing, stationary, or di minishing; secondly, whether any of the modes of fishing in use were wasteful or injurious ; and, thirdly, whether the fisheries were prejudicially affected by legislative restrictions. It will be understood, of course, that the question is entirely distinct from that of the salmon fisheries and pisci culture in general, which has recently been dis cussed. It concerns our Sea Fisheries alone, and originated in an alarm entertained for the per manence of our supplies. Many persons were of opinion that, in consequence of destructive methods of fishing, the supply of fish was falling off. We were eating our corn, it was said, in the blade, and destroying the sources of future harvests by wanton and improvident antici pation of our stock. We scoured the very bot tom of the sea with nets so small that no fry could escape them ; we destroyed the spawn of the year, and we drove away all the fish that we could not catch. That was the story bandied about from mouth to mouth, especially by rival fishermen, and it acquired no little plausibility from the high mar ket price of fish. However, the public will now be glad to learn, once for all, that there is no ground whatever for hese alarms, and that they are, in fact, just as unreasonable as the fishmongers' charges. Although the Commissioners were favoured, of course, with copious evidence to the contrary, they " have had no difficulty in coming to the conclusion that on the coasts of Great Britain the supply of fish is increasing, and that it admits of progressive increase." It is amusing to observe how the whole truth came out. In the very places where the gra dual decline of the fisheries was most strongly in sisted on it was ascertained that there had been a gradual increase in the men, boats, and general machinery employed in the trade. There had also been a gradual and, indeed, extraordinary increase in the quantity of fish forwarded from the coast by railways, insomuch that on four specified lines the aggregate weight, which had been about 12,000 tons in 1856, was upwards of 40,000 tons in 1864. No doubt, the improvement in boats and gear repre sents also an extension of work. New fishing grounds are brought into service, and the old grounds are more thoroughly fished. But the Com missioners tell us distinctly that the nearest and most frequented fishing-grounds continue to be as productive as ever. One of these yielded more fish in 1863 than in any previous year. The fact is, the whole story, as gathered by the Com missioners, might have been actually worked out by the light of reason without any evidence at all. What has happened is precisely what ought to have happened according to experience and precedent. Railways have revolutionised the fish ing trade. The coast towns have no longer a mono poly of supply. Fish trains carry off every boat load as it is brought in, till fish becomes as dear at the seaside as it is a hundred miles from the coast —perhaps dearer. The great towns of the interior, too, can be reached from many more points than. formerly, so that the supply is largely augmented. At the same time, as in a hundred other instances, the consumption has increased too, so that the de mand keeps pace with the supply, and the price is pretty well maintained. At Manchester, where statistics were obtained, it was found that the price of fish during the last ten years had undergone very little change. On this subject, however, we must needs interpose a remark or two. The price of fish is altogether an unnatural price. We take the case of London, which, in this instance, is simply the case of all towns alike. It has already been said that, ton per ton, the supply of prime fish to the metropolis is just about as plentiful as the supply of prime beef. But now look at this difference. The fisherman receives for his fish about £7 a ton ; the farmer gets for his beef fully £6O a ton. This, it will be said, is merely a difference in intrinsic value. By no means. Although there is so very wide a discrepancy as regards the producer, there is little or none as regards the consumer. Any householder can discover upon calculation that a pound of fish costs him actually as much as a pound of beef or mutton. In point of fact, while the fisherman who brings the fish to Billingsgate gets only 3d. or 4d. a pound for the best sorts, the buyer is charged ls. or is. 6d. a pound by the retailer. The Commis sioners think some check might be put upon ".this extravagant rate of profit" by a daily return of Bil lingsgate prices, inserted upon official authority in the newspapers. It is clear enough that such a profit will bear a very large curtailment. HERALD.—The Secretary of State for the Colonies has taken the opportunity afforded him by the annual meeting of the Society of Ancient Druids to inform these venerable gentlemen, and through them the world, that in issuing a commission to inquire into the origin and suppression of the rebellion in Jamaica, and in suspending Mr. Eyre from his functions as Governor of the island, he has not in tended any slur on the character of this dis tinguished official, nor meant to impugn in any way the manner in which he has per formed his duties in a most eventful crisis. Mr. Cardwell must entertain very peculiar notions as to the feelings of a gentleman placed in such a position as Mr. Eyre ; he must have singular ideas as to the manner in which a public servant expects his services to be appreciated by his em ployers. The Ancient Druids must be very ancient indeed in their notions, very much behind the world in their views of things in general, and of the treatment appropriate to governors of colonies in particular, if they can accept this statement of Mr. Cardwell's as a satisfactory explanation of his extraordinary conduct in this matter. To those who take a simple common-sense view of it it does seem that to degrade a man from his post, if only for a time, is an extraordinary way of rewarding him for having saved a colony ; that to put a go vernor of an important dependency on his trial as a criminal is not the most likely'method of recom mending him to his subjects, or investing him with that prestige with which the British Government is in honour bound to invest those lieutenants to whom it has entrusted so important a charge. The accu sation made against Mr. Eyre by the faction whose foolish bellowing has frightened the Government, into this blunder of superseding him is graver than the charge of misgovernment : it is an accusation of nothing less than murder. The commission, if it means anything, is intended to put Mr. Eyre on his trial on this charge. The deputation that waited on Mr. Cardwell made no secret of their desire to hang the Governor of Jamaica, and the Secretary did not reprove them when they gave open expres sion to the wish. A man who in England is placed on his trial on a criminal charge may be acquitted or condemned, but he is thenceforth a disgraced man. He cannot be admitted into society ;he can not succeed in any profession or employment ; he is incapable of discharging the duties of any public office. Such is the dishonoured future which our paternal Government, at the dictation of a mob of fanatics, has prepared for the energe ti c ru l er who, for having rescued from anarchy and ruin the Pearl of the Antilles, deserves a mural crown for good services to the state. Mr. Eyre has received the thanks of both Houses of the Legislature in Jamaica, the approbation of every white man in the colony which, but the other day was threatened with destruction, the applause of the immense majority of the people of England. There is not a servant of the Crown in any part of the world, there is not a gentleman in England, who could better have performed his duty under such trying circumstances. Instead of recdiving, as he doubtless expected, the approval and thanks of the Imperial Government, Mr. Eyre is solemnly dis graced and put on his trial. Whatever the issue of the investigation may be—and all the news from the island encourages us to expect the triumphant exculpation of the Governor—Mr. Eyre can never resume his functions with any credit or satisfaction to himself or to the 'Home Government ; he is more or less disqualified from holding henceforth any position of trust or emolument under the Crown. It becomes clearer every day that in no particular has he failed in the discharge of his duty. The accusa tions levelled against him were derived from a chaos of imperfect and partial information. The negroes shot or hung by the officers of her Majesty's troops were either notorious by the part which they took in the Morant Bay murders, or apprehended in flagrante delicto, in arms against the Queen. It is not true that the Maroons were " let loose on an unoffending population," or shot down indiscrimi nately all whom they met. They were employed to hunt down a few of the leaders of the insurrec tion who had fled for refuge to a mountainous Part Of the country unknown to the whites. It is not true that the Governor arbitrarily, and on his own authority, transferred the arch-rebel Gordon from Kingston Ito Morant Bay. Gordon was transferred on a warrant issued by the custos of Kingston, on the requisition of the autho rities of St. Thomas-in-the-East. How far it is correct to affirm that Gordon was loyal and innocent man may be judged from the remainder of the Jamaica Guardian, which quotes a speech made by hi m t o th e exc it e d bl ac k s a s h or t time before' the late rising, in which he advised the negroes to " make a second Hayti of Jamaica." This gives us an insight which we had not before into the desperate character and wicked project of the intimate friend and correspondent of Mr. Chamerovzow, the partisan of the Baptist agitator, Dr. Underhill. The commission sent out by Go vernment is now, says Mr. Cardwell, " approach ing the shores of Jamaica, and about to enter upon its duties." Sir Henry Storks, and the Recorders of London and Leeds, may, however, in a few days, be approaching the sho res o f England without hav ing done anything. It appears that they have no power to call witnesses to examine them on oath without the consent of the Colonial Legislature. The Jamaica Parliament, which has already solemnly approved the action of the Governor, may refuse to satisfy itself by authorising a further inquiry into proceedings of which, from first to last, it has had perfect cognisance. In this case the Government will find itself in a curious and embarrassing posi tion. At any rate it is fair to presume that the colonists on the spot must be able to form a more correct opinion of the danger in which they have been placed by this negro rising, and the measures which were the likeliest to avert that peril which threatened them, than any clique or party o f m en far away in England. It is not fail to those of our countrymen who, unlike ourselves, are brought into daily contact with the negro, to prejudge in favour of the blacks all questions at issue between them and the white race. COUNTRY MARKETS NORTHAMPTON—DEc. 30. New white wheat, 44s to 52s ; new red, 40s to 47s ; old white, 48s to 535; old red, 45s to 50s per 36 stone. Barley for malting, 36s to 40s per qr. ; grinding, 26s to 37s per 30 stone. Oats, old, 30s to 34s ; new, 20s to 28s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 46s to 50s ; new, 36s to 40s per 38 stono. Peas, 34s to 40s per 36 stone. COLCHES TI The supply of wheat and 13 qualities made last week's pri, DR—DEc. 30. )arley was rather less ; but all ices. Wheat, white 400 54s Beans, Mazagan....„33s 388 red 36s 48s Middle and 5ma11...35s 40s Barley .. 28s 40s Peas, white 38s 420 Oats ...........20s 25s grey ...36s 400 CHELMSF ORD—DEc. 29. There was a fair trade in wheat at this market to day, and former rates were about maintained for the best samples ; damp and inferior qualities is lower. Spring corn unaltered. Whettt, old white....4ss 52s Peas, Partridge 37s 428 new 43s 508 White ....3C9 390 old red 39s 438 Baling 38s 310 new. 35s 398 Dun.... ..... 3ls 35e 8ar1ey..... 24s 31s dit!o, new ---s —g Chevalier 27s 1,9 s Beans, Tick, 01d......318 370 Grinding 23s .6s new....—s —rg Malt 5BB COB Harrow ticks.3ss —0 Chevalier 60s Us Oats ... 2os 26s new —s -0 Mazagan ns 370 GRANTHAM-DEC. 30. Old white wheat, 54s to 58s; old red, 48s to 54s ; neW white, 50s to 56s ; new red, 455 to 50s per 36 stone. Bar ley for malting, 35s to 39s per qr. ; grinding, 28s to 30s per 30 stone. Oats, old, 28s to 30s ; new, 20s to 26s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 46s to 50s; new, 40s to 44s per 38 stone. Peas, 35s to 39s per 36 stone. ABERDEEN—DEc. 29. There was a fair attendance at market to-day, and the general tone of the trade for all kinds was dull at barely last week's rates. This applies more particularly to oats, of which large quantities were offering. White wheat Red wheat 4 4 0 2 5 s 0 0 d d t t o o 4 4 5 8 5 s 0 0 d 1. Potato oats 22 s Od t o 23s 61. 621 b V bushel. 401 11 bushel. Common oats 22 s Od t o 22 s 6d Bere Barley 6 0 d dl' 53115 ? bushel. Oatmeal 18s Od to 19s Od - 11 boll of 1401 b. Flour, fine 87s Od to 38s Od Vsack of 2801 b. KIRKCALDY-DEC. 30. Small supply of wheat, good of oats and barley. Wheat Is per qr. cheaper. Barley and oats brought the prices of this day week. Wheat. Barley. Oats. 45s 6d 1 30s Oct 24s Od k 47s Od 31s Oct 5s cd Third 4os Od 334 Od 268 Od COAL MARKET. Price per ton at the close of the market. s. d. ........ s. d. Cowpen Hartley l6 9 Hartlepool N. Staffordshire 18 6 Hetton l9 0 Shaw'sHartl©y lB 6 Hetton Lyons l7 0 Carway and Duffryn East Hartlepool Malting 24 0 Tees Walls End Haswell... 19 0 Holywell Main l7 9 Tunstall Wharncliffe Ships at market, 40; sold, 32. GEN. GRANT'S REPORT.--In submitting his re port, Lieutenant-General Grant says he was impressed from an early period of the rebellion with the idea that active and continuous operations of all the troops that could be brought into the field, regardless of season and weather, were necessary to success. Our armies, east and west, acted without concert, like a balky team, no two ever pulling together, thus enabling the enemy to use to great advantage his inferior lines of communication ; and it was a question whether our numerical strength and resources were not more than balanced by his advantages and superior position. I was convinced that no peace could bo obtained until the military power of the rebellion was entirely broken. I determined first to use the greatest number of troops practicable against the armed force of the enemy, preventing him from using the same force at different seasons against first one and then another of our armies, and the possibility of repose; second, to hammer continually against the armed force of the enemy and his resources, until by mere attrition, if in no other way, there should be nothing left to him but an equal submission, with the loyal section of our comma country, to the constitution. These views, Gen. Grant says, were kept constantly in mind, and orders given and campaigns made to carry them out. Whether they might have been better in conception and execution is for the people, who mourn the loss of friends fallen, and who have to pay the pecuniary cost, to say. All I can say is that what I have done has been done conscientiously to the best of my ability, and in what I conceived to be for the best interest of the whole country. Gen. Grant then refers to the situation of the contend ing forces at the date of his appointment, the main armies of the rebels being commanded by Lee in Virginia a nd Johnston in Georgia, while our forces were commanded by Sherman in the West and Meade in Virginia, Gen. Grant exercising general supervision over the movements of all the armies. Sherman 'was instructed to break up John ston's army, go into the interior of the enemy's country, and inflict all'the damage possible to the enemy's water courses; and if the enemy showed signs of joining Lee, to follow him up to the full extent of his ability, while he (Grant) would prevent Lee's concentration upon Sherman. Gen. Grant then details his instructions given to Generals Banks, Butler, and others, and enters into a detailed account of the progress of the campaigns. Of Butler's movement against Drury's Bluff, Gen. Grant says the time consumed was lost to no benefit, fears of the surprise and capture of Richmond and Petersburg inducing Beauregard to collect his loose forces in North and South Carolina and bring them to the defence of those places. Subsequently the enemy attacked Butler, who was forced or drew back into intrenchments between the James and Appomattox rivers, and his (Butler's) army was as completely shut off from further operations directly against Richmond as if it has been in a bottle strongly corked. Gen. Grant gives a suc cinct and clear exposition of all the military movements which resulted in finally crushing the rebellion, and closes with the statement that he knows no difference in the fighting qualities of the eastern or western armies. All have a proud record, and all sections can congra tulate each other in having done its full share in restoring the supremacy of the laws. Births. BARNARD.—On the 81st ult., at 1, Blenheim- crescent, Ken sington-park, the wife of G. E. B arnard, of a daughter. HALL.—On the 81st ult., at Little Roke House, KenleY/ near Croydon, the wife of Wm. Hall of a son. PLUMPTRE.— On the 29th ult., at Goodnestone, Winghami the wife of J. B. Plumptre, Esq., of a daughter. SUMPTER.—On the 31st ult., at Roniford, tho wife of IL Sumpter, Esq., of a daughter. Marriages. • ALEXANDER—WILSON.—On the 27th ult., at Brighton, F• Alexander, Captain and Brevet-Major Rifle Brigade, to Mary, eldest daughter of D. Wilson, Esq., of Castletoo House, Wimbledon. WALLIS—HARRIS.—On the 28th ult., at Trinity Church, Ryde, Fredk. A. Wallis, of Kent House, Woolwich, to Elizabeth Anne Harris, of Melrose Hall, Ryde, I s le of Wight. Deaths. BARROW.— On the 29th ult., at 15, Marlborough-buildings, Bath, Christopher Barrow, Esq., aged 90. EASTWICK.—On the 31st ult., at 39, Thurloe-squaro, Robt. William Eastwick, Esq., aged 94. HUNT.—On the 31st ult., Mr. Thomas Hunt, of 19, Iron' monger-lane, city, aged 61. OBRIDGE.—On the 28th inst., at 4, :Gloucester-road, Be' gent's-park, R. Obridge, Esq., of the Middle Temple, and Lillesworth, Esher, barrister-at-law, aged 41. POLLEN.—OD the 29th ult., at Endborne, Annie, widow of R. Pollen, Esq., aged 82. RAMSAY.—On the 30th ult., at Barnton, Charles William Ramsay, Esq., of Barnton, aged 22. SMITH. - On the Ist inst., at 31, Highbury-grove, John B. Smith, Esq., late of Demerara, _aged 48. London : Printed and Published by WIL LIAM ANDREWS. of No. 112, Strand, Punter, at TI12: SUN Office, No. 1 121 Strand, in the Precinct of th e S avoy, in the CountY , antillesurriueiday, January 2, 1866. LO/ Rt Ey, The Itr4 ii'' This Prize li It is] Bold at e 44.1 Obsei "liinal 14 , it U Aby -ereeh, r(,e, or three y dise our ;Au t, ' 5 Year euVeloi , T" This eantile 1) EPO DEI Assoc' able qt 4' 27,r C" CH Cu C ° : tie s of AloN9 loria e Ftandi f ound 12, ua 4 1.0 1 : Lad The I , _ andi. abl e 8 Trine, tome .08„ 1 :ton Bs. fi t i 7s. 6,1 _epai meat. Franc S p . Dro thi 1.101 eznol '--248, tit :I s . btarai ( 4 1 %1 ti, e k (lay:. 1 t, ttos, tue l st/ in It n al raw; of L the R Par, soot gaff, sPam coNt of t Von . maot Sold Lon to t Soot Free Stir, - Dar, tfr ec . ......... ......_ 11