The Sun. — London, England, 1852-09-11 00:00:00

I )10 3t r WO BADLER'S WELLS THEATRE. trh 1 , -e comedy o f t h e Merchant's Wedding, revived lat night, i s a very delightful play, of a school of a Ys we can only hope to meet with now and again Or der the care of Mr. Phelps, and lengthy as . it is, t Z,,, N igh its elaborate five acts, not for an intent sp e cial But the quaintness of the language gives a a P ti e d elyl . zest i to the jests; the characters are plentiful 8. original, • and the interest is cleverly sustained by a )lanletrical 'unction of two essentially distinct and tehlaeborate plots. j The story, cleverly complicated in Iza P i ece, can b e s i mp l y t o ld. T wo a ffl uen t c ity 4 , rates the characters our early dramatists always e ridiculous for the benefit of the court side of E;entiown—have two wild, roystering heirs. The old tes tie rnen, in order to test the affection and orderli t,. !of the young gentlemen, sail away on a voyage Vreenwich, and send up word that they have been i i r re °Wli ed• The heirs are delighted at the news, and d test detected in consequent rejoicings by the recovered la,,,, a , ta rc The one heir punishes his uncle for disiln _ .- 0 wi ne _ y U inveigling the old gentleman into a . fal ad niwus ma rriage, preliminary to which he has signed ti, t / his wealth to the imaginary wife, the heir's i tic : l ;,; : 'lnd the other heir graifies his spite by ally ht:yr‘C e::::: l 3 f m t p o ell a in n g heires-, who turns out only the B r t -s ' 's Wa iting maid. Then there is the plot of the a capricious lady to marry him iiiit rQee ting the condition she has announced to all tors that she is only to be won by a stratagem. ia steals i n t o h er chamber at m i dn i g h t ( w h ence i t : ,f title), an d g i ves h er th e ahem& ive of risk hic,"er reputation by awakening the house to turn Li ra ° tit, or c onsen ti ng t o s i gn a p rom i s e to marry v ea ;" 4 Benedi c k an d B eatr i ce an t agon i sm a l on e pre y:4l,4 'g the d ec l arat i on o f mutua l a ff ect i on . 'Thi s plot real, Worked up into a well-developed whole of 14 cs a s tIci counterplot, supplies an abundance of the fe ti t a , a rY interest ; and there is the distinguishing At ir ' l e in the play, that all the " parts" are characters. ae bt : 4 " B l the coquettish beauty, is admirably repre -I'lot4 b ,Y Miss Cooper; and Mr. Henry Marston, as 144144'1 (Charles Kemble's part), acted with con- Trhaate excellence. 1 % 4 dresse s were care f u lly accurate ' • and the 1638 . Y WaS new, an d true enough to the London of B&L LCUN ASCENTS WITH ANIMALS. Ni t • T O THE EDITOR OF THE BUIV. tb a , ae - -As fair play has ever been the distinguished my i Z r istic of your journal, I trust you will excuse kedi tim iu g',. You to permit me to make, through the t qes e — °L your columns, the following remarks in W est a e.e to the charge preferred against me at the 3,o4llnater Police-court, a report of which appeared i$ th, tl , r Paper of the Bth instant. The alleged offence p of cruelly ill. trea ti ng , abusing, and torturing tr: ta Y llsed for th e p u rpose of a balloon ascent from N r ,„ °r be G ard ens , o f w hi c h I am the lessee; and I , to Bti lhu tfe e l th at, if I have rendered myself lia ble Illar e a n , g a char ge , lam utterly undeserving of that l inos s uPport by which my enterprise and exer seep rthe amusement of the public have hitherto lb ere s a liberally rewarded ; and, therefore, although likll 7 P B rt which a pp eare d in your paper is substan tot orrect, as far as it has gone, lam most anxious to th e Y that the publi c should know that, previously ii eq asc ents in question, I had every reason to be %tar u ,.ltt nothi ng like cruelty or ill-treatment could itir e that they should also be aware of the na kaps,a,u, extent of the evidence by which I met the Ati lo l d "° 1 1 which has been investigated before Mr. , CV1 1 „ " r nlla er „ - the subject of equestrian ascents for the I lati ce - '4 B nt of the public was first, brought to my t atiej,' required before I would entertain it to be klia iili ce d that no crue lty o r ill-treatment of the 11 1 w ould be involved; and I not only found that ards , 1 50 similar ascents had been safely made Ern of ' ,- oitevin i n P ar i s , b u t th a t previously to the • h m tb ,nse ascent s i n th e Champ de Mars a commis "' sac s b een appointed by the French Government -ertai r , lti oa whether there was any cruelty in the ex ''at kand amongst the members of that commis ~toos re some the most eminent veterinary sur illhrillir- the French metropolis) ; after the most rigid ,1" na y ' „ a ided by practical experiments, reported in ;gat tt,7lve, and it was only on receipt of that report ; ° ,P teed - Parisian magistrates permitted, as I am in iaa I ) the ascents in that country. In addition to t oed b„, h at the opportunity, by seeing the ponies 11 eth "• Poitevin, of ascertaining for myself their„., aerial voyages had produced any in foUgs ene ets ; and, so far from that being the case, 4 eo t ': l that the animals appeared to be (as described 11 :red.i n l Your weekly contemporaries) "as pam_- f ° ta e —4l ng, sleek-coated, carefully-tended animals icly ; e B ever driven in the phaeton of a fashionable til e a " a " I Was informed that the mode by which 4 te ll "r en sion was effected was so well calculated to ul 0 ," entire, equalised, and perfect and secure ‘,,,btot:' d ',.. t bat the French Government had actually 1 • ; • Poitevin a patent for it, as an improve - P°l4 any previous mode of effecting a similar ,'"N a faxed altho ug h t h e ru l es o f evidence prevented `isti at eta from being fully shown on the investiga tlley f the 'Westminster Police•court, I submit that t th, ar P a sufficient justification for my assenting l 'aiN e a `loPtion of this mode of contributing to the la went of the p eo pl e . 11 %,,,%.ference t o t h e c h arge w hich was investigated 11 4 s t - t i 'r• Arnold, I would observe that, as the twit °,Bgh whom it is endeavoured to fix me with pi a • ' t a 's Mr. D awa , I wish that his evidence should Peteriln juxta• position with that of the eminent Burgeons who were called on my, Nita f t l i ; 11 order that the public may be able to esti e testim on y on both sides at its proper value. 441 ra r. D awn, as your report state s, sa y s the effect of , a "eing thus taken up attached to a balloon la ae ,:`Ja to p ro d uce " a co mpression of the abdominal cite ' e ,°ogestion of the blood vess els in the hinder '4e e ~ i lining extrsva,ation in the peri tonean of , 14 1;re,,n ra eo, producing internal bruises, and givi ng ae;aleeottfuplalyin and suffering to the login reseal animal.' I,,i,:eg extracts fro r t e n qu t e h s e t i n h e e te in g se e r f tio t n he t- hand of employed by of shor tt"olots which IS me on the occasion, the co_r . re . ct: -- verifi e d by his certificate, which I k t ,e f, , , :!r your satisfaction. 14; • (1 - 111 h a m, a for veterinary surgeon, in practice lqii t Z rs i is asked—'• Have you seen the manner the li t t ioo the horses were harnessed and attached to Ilia gri ° while ascending? A. I have.—Q- In your Whil e b a s in 'would tbey suffer from injury or terror 'Ole o the so strapped ? A. I should say not." --7 %a ge questions were asked about compression and ti s 'l°n and extravasation, to all of which he gave L' t 'Rai . the n T : . "Q. If there had been an extraysation • es r k e rttonean lining of the abdomen, would the to t, have been well? A. I should say certainly t`stfe et , e xamined them y es t e rday, and they were in a tee n . 1 Y healthy state."—Mr. Hall, a veterinary sur tatl,l, ,1b e xtensive practi ce f o r 15 years, after c orrobce ktr it Gillham as to compression, cong estion, a n d • . tle ate' aaati ol:?, is ask e d, " Have you heard the evi 4kstitgl',vett by Monsi eu r Poitevin w ith regard to the the L i , an d descent ?A. Y es .—Q. Have you seen Iffirlses harnes se d, and the mode in w hich theyare to the car of the balloon ?A. Yes.—Q. I n fidAdgrn e atic , ent taking all the circumstances into con ;tate tl ,'"°, do horses suffer pain, torture, or injury, Cer ',siai,"at mode of transit through the air ? A. B 44 4 4 4 4(4 ; I have had a horse for seven years in a l ah , well content that the merits of the case 'ay v a e judged by the relative value of the tesi f t ', 4 l . il a z, , ni a e t ri . Messrs. Hall and Gillham on the ;A R m t of Mr. Dews on the other, without re °ltt„ the evidence of Madame and Monsieur. sates be holEo, .however, although they may ex that the ctend d ourtesy partie . s, I . trust the public will 11138 n the o f believing them, when they state he aril a descent the ponies began to feed most 4 ,11 44 as Boon as they reached . 'stir -'t that be scarcely be said so it can that e itherterradfirma,and lt4 r a . tortur e was operating on their nervous 1% ' and indeed it must be borne in mind, that t„ llt at t o ws in his evidence admitted that . the ponies Ci t the ;: r ne .balloon for the purpose of being attached Y, with the most jet is scarcely con • sistent with their having perfect willingness and doci ia.`.(aveidaP tae ,2 1 .% ° in the . previous ascents. 'bus briefly and for my own justification Publiceo in of the facts, it will not me t possession further remarks on the case th itt at, Was ', make heard before Mr. Arnold;. N! a l t inquiry and in .igati_ g after the very careful ld • but I will add ‘ k nio• ' 4l Which I have made as to the effect of Clp,p up th ned b animals on aerial exped el. • Y P • • lam inclined to believe to °item, editions in the mode V Yet / "Kier ill-treatment or cruelty k attach so much wee ht to the remark made by in the act per 1 5 ) 1 :, I ttei r r, s ld as to their powerless condition in case of s E ut, that whatever may be the result .of the '4 4 . 41 to lls:1114 Y , I have come to the determination not gleh Permit such ascents rom the gardens ot am the lessee.—l am, Sir. yeure respectfully, Qter„ora T. B. SIMPSON. -- 8 'mouse, Sept. 10, 1852. - c o , r - i nuence of an announcement that Mr. tie, 4, ortoned his position as chairman of the London -e tc i •vr stern Railway, the price of that stock expe- Th 4 decline yesterday of between one and two per cent. t ha Ele t the ff . e . °ll tlts from New York by the Franklin show 1 11 4 th lkak, - . e ,t Produced on American securities in the Lon the colour first given to the fisheries question kid" th . 'et , States had caused a still more severe depres tr:Pkble a t aide. In speculative s tocks ic o h f a w ll as ki f n a d rt s h a er co i n a: i t t i : ka bYr4are e t pt a rts h t a ff l at ta n k o e t n only would wh the negotiation of t 4 o ll ) ll o ti t ' t b t ti o t v d t s h' a 4 t e.? in the European m arket be checked for some large amounts of various descriptions ti w nu e e r d e ite,PrBetiu,et returned. In other respects e verything s continued a favourable appearance. There w a aye Nr to avgeneral business, and the traffic on the rail -144t1Y h alf QrY larg e . ,_ll age million sterling from California had also justremittance of •Ch aPhed from e 11 4 r en _ - w rleans. 'at a n ti _erable Earl of Fife has bad excellent sport ti4lot tßaitaniffinishdirre.ouTialhet venerable wvke Earl L s - knor a lu g and grouse-shooting, at his sporting -lodge on breught down THE SUN, COURT CIRCULAK. BALMORAL, SFrT. 9. Her Majesty drove yesterday to Usirn Shiel, the residence of Mr. and Lady Cltherine Cavendish. The Countess of Desart was in attendance on her Majesty. His Royal Highness Prince Albert went out deer stalking. The dinner party yesterday included her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, her Serene Highness the Princess Hoheniohe Langenbourg, and Lady Augusta Bruce. The Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay, M.P., Mr. J. Wilson, M.P., and the Rev. H. J. Joseph had inter views yesterday with Mr. Secretary Walpole, at the Home Office. Dispatches were sent to the Governor-General of Canada from the Colonial Office yesterday. THE BRAEMAR GATHERIAG. CRATHIE, THIHISDAY.—The Braemar gathering came off to-day, and was honoured, as on former occasions, by the presence of the Sovereign. The gathering took place, as has been the case for several years back, on the Castle-park. The games were, perhaps, poor enough in themselves, the feats of strength having frequently been excelled at less pretending meetings ; and the peculiar interest of this gathering is unquestionably derived mainly from the fact of its being honoured with the presence of her Majesty. Still the scene was peculiarly fine and picturesque. The morning had been lower in g , and a genuine Scotch mist hung down upon the hills. The foggy curtain was, however, gradually raised as the morning advanced, and at about ten o'clock the sun shone out gloriously, and the remainder of the day was de lightful. The clans mustered early in the morning—the Fife men at Corriemuleie, and the Invercauld men at Mar Castle ; the latter were the most numerous body. They carried two handsome white silk banners, em blazoned with the Invercauld arms. The Fife re tainers carried three silk banners, two with the Fife and one with the Errol arms. Both parties were hand somely attired in dresses of the Duff and Invercauld tartan respectively, with black velvet coats, and their appearance was orderly and imposing. The Duke and Duchess of Atholl were absent on the occasion, and none of the Atholl men were able to come up, owing to the fact that they are still in the midst of harvest operations; and as the Duke of Leedi has left his former shooting quarters at Mar Lodge, two retinues were wanting that, at former gatherings, contributed much to the martial aspect of the scene. Both the clans marched about one o'clock into Castle ton, and soon after proceeded to the Castle, where in the meantime a very respectable company had as sembled, amongst whom we observed Mr. and Mrs. Farquharson of Invercauld, Mr. J. Duff, M.P., and Lady A. Dufl; Sir Maxwell and Lady Wallace, Sir James Baird, Bart., Sir Charles Forbes, Bart., of Newe ; Mr. G. S. Duff, M.P., the Right Hon. R. A. Christopher, M.P., the Hon. Lieutenant. Colonel Lauderdale Maule, M.P., Lady Elizabeth Duncan and the Hon. H. Duncan, the Hon. Gerard Noel, Captain and Mrs. J. Dalrymple, Mr. G. and Miss Eiphinstone Dalrymple, the Hon. Charles and Lady Cavendish, the Hon. Mr. and Mrs. Trevor, Mr. John Grant, of Kilgraston, and the Misses Grant, Mr. John Doherty ; son of the late eminent Lord Chief Justice Doherty, Miss Farquharson, Captain and Miss Haw kins, Captain Duff, Hatton Castle; Mr. and Mrs. Forbes Leith, of Whitehaugh ; Major Leith, Glen kindy ; J. Blaikerley, Craigiebuckler ; Mr. William Wells, M.P., Mr. Charles Leslie, M.P., Captain Bell, &c. The games commenced immediately after two o'clock, and at three the royal party drove in sight, and were greeted with a cordial burst of cheering. The first carriage, which was drawn by four horses, and preceded, as usual, by scarlet liveried outriders, contained her Majesty, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and Prince Alfred, Lord Malmesbury, with the Countess of Desert and Miss Seymour as Ladies in Waiting. The second carriage contained the Princess Royal, the Princess Alice, the Princess Helena, Miss Hil yard, also Colonel Phipps and Colonel Gordon. Both of these carriages were roomy ones, of the char-a-bane description. The third carriage contained her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, the Princess Hohenlohe, and the Princess Theodore. The fourth contained the Princesses Adelaide and Augusta, and Dr. Robertson. Her Majesty was attired in a Victoria tartan dress and black velvet polka, trimmed with deep lace. She wore a magnificent satin scarf of Royal Stuart tar tan, and a plain black silk drawn bonnet, with a black ostrich feather, and trimmed inside with white flowers. His Royal Highness Prince Albert wore a full Higblend costume of Royal Stuart tartan, with a black cloth coat and dark blue cloth bonnet, green and red striped stockings, and Highland brogues. The Royal Princes wore Highland dresses—the Prince of Wales Royal Stuart, and Prince Alfred Victoria tartan. The Duchess of Kent was attired in plain mourn ing, and wore a scarf of Royal Stuart tartan. Her Majesty on approaching was received by the two clans drawn up a. a guard of honour from the entrance to the Castle-terrace towards the park gate. The cheering was exceedingly enthusiastic, and her Majesty and the Royal Family appeared much grati fied by the very cordial welcome they received. Her Majesty was handed from her carriage by the old chief of Invercauld, and was also received by the pre sent squire, both of whom her Majesty very graciously , recognised, as well as the promising sons of Inver cauld. On ascending to the terrace of the Castle her Majesty very graciously shook hands with Mrs. Farquharson of Invercauld, Lady Agnes Duff, and oAtheerr, whostof the visitors a e w words s o d f idal courtesys o h wPri ncewith Albert, each. _ _ games now commenced in right earnest, and the whole scene was a lively and exciting one. The old castle of Mar itself is a p eculiar and characteristic object. It stands , a s o u r reader s are doubtless aware, in the centre of a fine level piece of haugh land, in the valley of the Dee, about a i mile below Ca s tl e t on of Braemar. Fr om the to p of t floated, duri ng th e morning, the Inver cauld arms , which were exchanged o n her Majesty's arr ival, for the Union Jack. He; Majesty and suite sat on the terrace on two sof as o f Farquaharson tart an, under which was spread a carp e t of the same patt ern. Seats of crimson and other cloths were provided for the other visitors. The space below, railed off for the games, was quite sur rounded by the gaudy dresses of the Highlanders, an d holiday attire of the villagers from far an d near. The scene is closed in on all sides with lofty hills, at the foot of which may be seen clumps of oak and birch; the latter peculiarly graceful at this season from the drooping portion of the branches loaded with seed-pods. Further up the pine alone is to be seen—further up still the bare heather, and then their hoary craggy tops, across which the red deer were to be seen straggling like droves of cattle. Her Majesty enjoyed the scene much for about two hours (particularly the dancing), in which Mr. Farquharson's sons, as usual, distinguished themselves, and left about five o'clock, returning to Balmoral by the Bridge of Invercauld, and south side of the Dee to the Bridge of Cratbie, whence up again on the south side to Balmoral, which was reached ten minutes before six. There is to be a grand open-air torch-light ball at Corriemulzie to-morrow night. The Queen has pro mised, through Colonel Gordon, to be present if the weather be fair, which seems this afternoon to be doubtful. MISERABLE DWELLINGS OF THE LONDON POOR. — On Thursday evening Mr. W. J. Payne held an inquest at the West London Union Workhouse, West-street, Smith field, on the body of Samuel Delacourt, aged 65. Mr. G. Walter, vice-chairman of the City Sewers d Commission, was in attendance. The deceased, who was a fishmon had r, ha for several years resided in the liberty of the Ro lls, lately been living in a miserable damp cellar , in Greystoke place, Fetter-lane. He had beenufor some years in a ver y but bad state of health, and had been a patient of the Consump tion Hospital, Brompton, and also of St. Bartholomew's. Last week he became so ill as to be unable to leave his bed, and his wife applied to the parochial authorities for assistance. ' He was visited by Mr. Ross, assistant to Mr. Digby, the surgeon to the union, and was on Thursday last brought to the workhouse in a cab, where be died. The surgeon stated that he found the deceased bad died from consump tion of the abdominal viscera. The place in -which deceased had died was enough to impair the health of a robust man, and certainly would hasten the death of an unhealthy person. Mr. George Walter said he would take care to bring the matter before the next meeting of the commissioners. Verdict of natural death. RATES OF POSTAGE.—By a Treasury warrant, dated the Bth of September inst., it is ordered that on every letter not exceeding half an ounce in weight, transmitted by the post between any place in the United Kingdom and any port in Goree, Liberia, Lagos, Bonny, Old Calehar, C Jneroons, and Fernando Po, or between any ports in the said places, the sea conveyance being by packet-boat, the rate ofaces, postage shall be, on a letter exceeding half an ounce weight, two rates of postage ; exceeding one ounce, four rates; exceeding two ounces, six rates; exceeding three progressive pap ,d. rate h t . o f b e ounces, eight rates ; exceedryinrgratcotuioroooufncaesr,attowtoo be e d o d h it a i r o g n e a d l rates for every ounce —eve charged Is. linos ws rB .' '°- as an additional. ounce, charged co a l n o d nial ea n c e h colonies, or any foreign country, 2 • d each. Brish or foreign reign or colonial to the United Kingdom, or to her Majesty s newspapers, withoutunless s nt • t he 2d. each. Additional sheet or supplement, .e in ewspaper. The cover passing through the United Kingdom Same cover, to be deemed a distinct n , ks or any words is to be open at the sides or ends ; no mar are to be on the cover except the address, and nothing to be enclosed in any newspaper. The order does not annu exemptions warrant. granted by the 4th Victoria, or by any Treasury - , The veteran " Hero of Alivval," Lieutenant -General 1 , Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor of Sir Harry G. Smith, and Lady Smith, closed their vi cy on sit to Tuesday, and emb ar k e d on board the Dispatch, ma il Eteara packet, for Southampt on . Guerns tx l LONDON, SATURDAY THE INCOME-TAX. (From the Times ) We can imagine the cs3vocates of an undiscriminating income-tea looking with some complacency on the proceedings now reported, and deriving from the stormy and complicated discussions of the day a new argument in favour of uniform injustice. " You see it is just as we told you. You have had your own way, and you can make nothing of it. You got a Committee, but the Committee could come to no conclusion. You debate the question among yourselves, and you can arrive at no result. You are all at sixes and sevens, and you will have to confess in the end that what we said was the truth, and no less—that it is utterly impossible to discri minate between sources of income, and that the only possible principle of assessment is a single fixed rate of impost on all returns, whencesoever derived." Some such observations we are quite prepared for, but we can very confidently assure these crafty speculators that the end of the business will be in no sort such as they ancicipate. Th a t there may be some degree of difficulty in ascertaining distinctioes vowed to be undiscoverable, we freely admit. But the public will at least never revert to the doctrine, that solid property and precarious earn iegs, though the most contrasted of possessions in every transaction of daily life, are identicaily the same for the single purpose of State taxation. We shall find some standing ground there is no doubt, but, in the meantime, propositions have been started which exceed in boldness even the maxims of official financiers. The old Govern ment doctrine merely maintained that the distinction which everybody telt to exist between realised sub stance and professional receipts could not be practically regarded in a system of direct taxation. The differences itself was not denied, but it was represented as possess ing so many ramifications as absolutely to preclude any equitable adjustment. Now, however, a class of econo mists, not without pretensions, has ventured to assert tnat the distinction has no existence at all, and that, though there may undoubtedly be a popular prejudice in favour of independent property as compared with fluctuating or uncertain gains, the returns yielded by these two species of possessions should be considered as identical in the eyes of a tax collector. Some difference there may be, but it is no difference quoad hoc. Such is the new proposition which we have even seen invested with considerable impressiveness by the aid of alge braical symbols. Omitting, however, the language of mathematics, we think we can make the question clear enough for general reflection. The ground taken appears to be this:—That if a tax is to be laid upon income, one income of 1,0001. a year must needs be as good as another income of the like amount, so long as it lasts; that the only difference be tween the two consists in their respective certainties, and that as no contributor is expected to pay excepting for the period during which, by his own acknowledg ment, his income has maintained itself, such income must, for this particular period, have had exactly the same certainty as any other. If a man is clearly and plainly in receipt of 1,000/. per annum as a barrister or a banker's clerk, ho is to all intents and purposes worth 1,000/. a year as long as these returns con , inue. When they cease his payments cease also. His taxability goes hand-in-hand with his income, and if one is precarious so is the other. The difference between temporary and perpetual receipts is accounted for in the difference be tween temporary and perpetual taxation. If a man earns 1,0001. a year for one year only, he pays for that year, and no longer; if his profits fall off to 500/. his tax diminishes in the same proportion; and if they vanish wholly his obligation vanishes too; whereas the possessor of land or Consols, if unceas ingly supplied wish income, is also as un ceasingly a contributor to the necessities of the State. Transitory incomes induce transitory taxation; permanent incomes permanent taxation. The State which collects the year's revenue for the year's expenses can look at nothing in the cases of individuals except the actual income of the year for which the reckoning is made. Such we conceive to be a fair popular exposition of the views in question. There never, we do believe, existed a subject on which it would be more difficult to produce conviction by ma thematical formula. However cogently the conclusions of algebra may be expressed, the common sense of every man in the kingdom would induce him to rebel against a result which proved 5001 . a year in land to be no better than 500/. yearly salary. The argument would fare like that of the Protectionists, when they brought statistics to show well fed labourers that they were starving. But in the present case we can hit the fallacy without diffi culty or doubt, and we join issue at once by asserting that an income from daily labour is not the same thing as an income from realised property, even for the single year to which the view in question is confined. Assuming that the State can only regard the existing abilities of its contributors at the moment of their contribution, we say that the existing ability of a man earning 5001. a year by labour is at no single moment equivalent to the corresponding ability of a man enjoying a like income in permanence and abundance. And if not the means of a contributor, but his obligation to the State for a year's protection is to be the measure of his contribution, we say, further, that the debt of the former of these men is not identical with the debt of the latter. The argument before us is reducible to this plain as sumption—that money actually in possession is always practically of one uniform value, whether it flows from a permanent or precarious supply—whether there is more forthcoming or none. According to this theory, a man with 1,000/. for one year and an undiscernible income for all years succeeding, is in every respect as rich a man for that year as another with 1,0001. in perpe tuity. Now, is this so understood in the ordinary business of life? Could any person, at any period of that particular year for which his incom is pre sumed, command the same credit, maintain the same position, or indulge, without prudence, in i the same expenses as the other? The common sense of every reader in the kingdom would answer— No. A person thus precariously provided would not be estimated, for any purpose whatever, at the same rate as his independent neighbour. To take a familiar ex emplification—he would certainly not be expected to contribute equally to any local or municipal institutions; and why, then, should he be rated otherwise in respect of the national revenue ? But further, if the doctrine is sound it will bear carrying out ; and let us see what it comes to. If a man with an income of 1,000/. for one year is as good for that year as another with the like in come in permanence, a man with 500/. for six months is also as good for that diminished period, as is likewise another with 801. for a single month, or 20/. a week ; and, by pursuing the argument, we shall find that a person with 3s. in his pocket is quite as rich, for the space of an hour, as the possessor of an annual thou sand ; during which sixty minutes he may live ac cordingly?, and must contribute proportionately to the State. Was there ever such absurdity ? Take another view of the case. Two men are called upon to contribute to the Exchequer in proportion to es p s ou o n r bo a u n r d . ne N it e h w er , their means. One possesses 1,000/. a year from Consols, f 7 r d o . m in bus th i n e escapes a large portion of his proper obligation. He has more nor less, it must be perfectly clear that the former got the same income as the other. Granted: but he has i a i n e o a t c h h e another f t the e l i s k e epianyc, hie certainly got something besides, for whereas the whole went by those of thou ther could be increased at any possessions of of one are represented by his 1,0001. of earn ings,se), ption of the whole of 30,0001. capi tal. One has an income of 1,0001., and the other a similar income plus a capital of thirty times the amount, and this capital, under the system before us, pays no tax at all. If it be said that it is only upon its returns that a n y s p ecies of possession is thought taxable, and that if capital pays upon the interest yielded it pays sufficiently, we ask wh at is meant by property and inco me-tax, and whether it is really Thit desired that property, a s distinguished from income, should not only pay no more tshat bries income us , to batthe actually pay nothing whatever? g considered in the letter of our correspondent which will be found elsewhere. For the purpose of argument, each contributor may be supposed possessed of a capital and an income. The capital of the inde pendent proprietor is his land or his money; that of the professional man or trader his learning, his industry, or his skill. Now, even if the incomes of these contri butors are to be reckoned pound for pound without distinction, it is perfectly manifest that their capitals cannot be so treated, for the capitals of the former class are convertible at will into an aggregate of thirty years' income, whereas those of the latter, if negotiable at all, would not produce one-fifth of the amount. Property generating income with infallible certainty while its owner is asleep, and which can be turned at any moment into thirty times its annual yield, is clearly more than equivalent to property which can only generate a like income under the anxious applica tion of its possessor, and which can be turned into scarcely any aggregate at all. Many readers, we have no doubt, will think we have] been at strange pains to demonstrate what needed no such demonstration—viz , that 1001., together with the ca p ital which produced it, is a better thing than 100/. without this capital—and the truth of the case is indeed plain enough to commend it self to instinctive reception. Still it is as well to expose the fallacies which argument occasionally pro vokes, and in the present instance the distinction be tween solid property and precarious income can be shown in terms quite as scientific as those employed to establish ,heir identity. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—With reference to your late . articles upon the inequalities of the inc ome tax, it will be found, I be lieve, upon an examination of the evidence taken before the Select Committee, that the actuaries and the econo mists are at issue upon fundamental principles. The actuaries contend that the taxes tor the year should be levied upon the capital existing in the year; while the econom ists assert that the income or prod uce of the year shou ld bear the Impost. perpetual an ereeeqhuipreertshoant shall e l a i c b t e ua e l s v ti a m lu a e te o d f capi talth_e irhe possessed actuaries by periodi cally, and a certain amount there .f set Cheaprt for the purposes of the Government; while conomists a fleet maintaining the income or produce of . trades and pro maintaining as classes, to bo equally continuous and p er . arisingincfroomine o i r an p d rod o u r ce of all shall n m u a i n t i e e u s ,t require with that a th e ing T3ea be equally charged. income c actuary aa 3e 1J forcibly compared perpetuity adduces w jt tahne incomeinequality i n o f but the economist holds that the barrister with a pro fessional income of 1,000/. a year is indebted to the Go vernment for protection in t he realization of that i ncome equally with the landowne r, the freeholder, and the trader, and is liable to pay a n equal sum with them for th© protection of such income. These arguments may be coriect, ias the inequality complained of by the actuary lies not n the income, but in r i he capitalized value of each. To arrive at a true principle, therefore, it would ap pear that income and capital must be separately assessed; and were it desirable to raise a 2i per cen . t. property and income-tax, money being at 3 per cent., incomp must be assessed at 3d, in the pound, and capital at 9d. in the 1001. The chargo upon each clasg would stand some what as follows: £ s. d. 3 15 0 3 15 0 .£7 10 0 ON THE LANDOWNER. Income ariFing from 14nd let to a tenant at 300/. a year (3001. at 3d.) ••• ••• ••• capital—z. e., the value of such land at 33,333 years' purchase (10,000/. at 9d.) ... ON THE BARRISTER. Professional income 300/.a year (3001. at 30.) 3 15 0 Capitalized value of such income at 10 years' purchase, being the average of the English life tables, with a deduction of 5 per cent. (3,000/. at 9d.)... 1 2 6 Capital invested in professional education, li brary, &c.(1,500/. at 9.1.) ... 011 3 £5 8 9 ON THE TRADER. Income from trade 3004 (3001 at 3d.) 315 0 Capitalized value of the sam e ( 3, 0001. at 91) - Capital invested in trade (1,500/. at 91) 0 11 3 £5 8 9 Terminable annuities to be resolved into capital and income, and charged accordingly. From the above statements, if the capital is at all cor rectly estimated in the respective cases, it would appear that a tax of 51. Bs. 91. upon certain incomes is equiva lent to 7/ 10i. on others; or, to state it in another way, that sd. in the pound on income is equa l to 7d. in tee . pound upon real property—any i nequality i n t h e c ase of houses or other realized prop erty, when compare d with hind, being duly estimated and a il owed in a mann er si milar to the poor-rate valuations.—.Z am, Sir, your obe dient servant, R. C. N.B. In capitalizing the valu e o f an income, it is not taken at the sale value, but at the presumed value of the same to the possessor. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. The extension of the electric telegraph to Hurst Castle, in Hants, opposite the Needle rocks, in the Isle of Wight, may be considered of national import ance. Next year above a dozen f ore i gn ma il- pac k e ts will pass the Needles every m ont h , averag i ng one nearly every other day, on their way to South ampton, and the fact of their approach to the latter Telegraph two hours before their a c t ua l arr i va l. As soon as the extension of the telegraph t o H urs t C a stle place will be known by means of t h e Hurst C as tle is completed, the Southampton Chamber of Commerce purposes effecting some arrangement with the Post office and railway authorities, by which, up to the latest period of the day possible, the foreign mails either by ordinary or special trains, ~hall be dispatched to London from Southampton, imme diately on their arrival at th e l atter por t. The railway authorities are opposed to special trains, unless notice of them can b e previous l y given to every portion of their li ne. By the extension of the electric telegraph to Hurst such notice can be given. It is calculated that, taking into consideration the readiness with which foreign mails can be sorted in the General Post-office, and distributed to all parts of the country from thence, and considering also the rapidity with which the mails will be forwarded to London from Southampton, when the Hurst Castle telegraph is completed, that the ut most possible convenience will be provided for the public next year. By the telegraphic overland ex press to Southampton announcing th e arr i val o f fo reignlght, the P os t- o ffi ce , mailtchoemlpslaenyofau"t7horities will be able to railway, and off make every preparation for the quick landing and dispatching of the mails to the General Post- office. an express train Practically, it may be said that the forei gn ma il s w ill dbeoelsanndotedtaikneLtwonodhoonurnsetxot get to Lo for n on from South ampton. Now, when the immense staff of officials in the General Post-office is considered, and the numerous and direct postal communications there are from London to all parts of the country, there Kotinngerdotom town, cannot be a doubt that foreign mails will b e dis tributed quicker from the metropolis There is n ot much doubt that the extension of th e t e l egrap h all over than the from United any to Hurst Castle will be remunerative. T he ma il rcompanies, the Custom-house officers, the London newspaper press, and the Post-office, must all receive messages by it. The families of the officers of the ships, the friends and relatives of passengers by foreign mail-packets, numbers of who m are always in S attlaampton when the packets are expected, will no doubt order messages announcing the arrival of the packets to be sent to them. A code of day and night signals must be invented, to distinguish the arrival of the various lines of mail packets. The Hurst telegraph will be completed by forming a double wire under ground from Brockenhurst station on the Southampton and Dorchester Railway. It is expected that the extension will be completed in a month from hence.—Morning Paper. ADMIRALTY COMMISSION OF SCIEN TIFIC INQUIRY. (From the Portsmouth Times and Naval Gazette.) His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, First Lord of the Admiralty, has ordered a committee, formed of the following officers—Captain Warden, R.N., Inspector of the Steam N avy afloat, President; Captain Gordon, R.N., of her Majesty's ship En counter; Isaac Watts, Esq., Assistant- Surveyor of the Navy ; Robert Hughes, Esq., Assistant to the Chief Engineer of the Navy; O. Lang, Eiq., Assistant Master-Shipwright of Chatham Dockyard; and Thomas Baker, Esq., Inspector of Machinery of her Majesty's yachts, to visit all the principal ship building and engineering establishments in the United Kingdom, to collect such facts as they may deem useful for the conducting o f the national establish ments, and also for the adva n t age o f t h e mercantile marine of the country. Such a commission as thi s canno t f a il but realize i mme nse advantages for th e national serv i c e. In its appointment and organizati on we see the benefits of having a master mind connected with the navy, organized and s et to practically, at the head of its b oar d o f co ntrol. Had such a committee as this bee n work by previous First Lord s o f t h e Admiralty w e think the public would hav e h ear d f e wer reports of breaks down in war steam ers , want of econ om y in dockyards, and such like hack neye d com plaints, whil s t the interests of the navy w ou ld h ave b e en far better conserved and the merca n til e mar i ne taken a position which might possibly have freed Cap tain Penny from much of that indignity which we cannot but consider so unnecessarily shown him be- Whilst touching upon the mercantile fore the Committee of In ' - A ctic search (Bitty on the r ing exploration. would have ma rine we must draw the attenti on o f our rea d ers to a letter addressed to a mornin g contemporary, w hich will be found in the preceding page, from that ex p erienced a nd highly esteemed officer of the Pe ninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company —Captain En gledue. That gentleman th rows out a hint for the adoption of the Commissio n now s itting to r esolve upon the most efficacious m o d e o f man ning the n av y , which if they fail to avail th emse l ve s of we co nsider they will deprive themselves o f one -ball of t he means at their disposal for arriving a t a proper the an ad vantageous conclusion for t h e b ene fit f the service to themselves chindividuallyos eny of North - In umberland to prosecute th e i r inquiries into the working of other establishm en t s , the s ervice and the belccg• Duke the country has a guarantee that the work will be well done. Captain Wa r d en is ex perienced in steam navigation, he lately commanded the Retribu tion and Medea steam-vessels ; Captain Gordon, at present in command of the Encounter, is another highly talented practical steam officer ; Jr. Watts is a scientific shipwright of the late school of naval archi tecture at this port, and late master s hi p wri g ht at Sheerness dockyard ; Mr. Hughes is a civil engineer of first class attainments ; Mr. Oliver Lang is a rising dockyard officer, and one of high is a gentleman whose scientific attainments are . not l surpassed by any officer of his class in the nationa Mr. Baker service. W attained with muchob jects credit of their mission will be benefit to the service credit to themselves and lasting We hope their report in which they are employed. the instruction of will be printed and circulated for blic o r the pu • ith such men we cicuPbr;innoiset ; but the ch the navy and the satisfaction _...----- THE IRISH BRIGADE.—The brigade is likely to be diminished in numbers ere the p arliament has set many days. Mr. Keogh's seat looks particulal ey, rly p for the borough recarious. The petition against the return of Mr. Town every pro b a bility of suc of Sligo, w ill b e prosecute d with and intimidation of the cess. He is charged with bribery orters have taken the highest character. Mr. Somers 's suPP matter up in right earnest, and already a considerable sum of money has been subscribed towards carrying the matte r Out. I n Clare, the peti t i o n again st the return of Mr. Cor nelius O'B r i en will be proceede d with. The petition com plains of intimidation and non•qualification of voters. At Waterford, a petition will be prosecuted against the return proceeded with.—Morning of Mr. Esmonde. It is thought that the petition against the return of Mr. Swift will not be Advertiser. _., TH E RECENT ACCIDENT ON THE BRISTOL AND EXETER RAILWAY.—The dir ectors have visited the p ortion of the lin e near C re ech, 'where t he accident occ urre d t o the down express train on Wednesday last. The the remains of the poor fellow Umberstone, crushed under engine, have engine itself re been got o u t f ro m under the ruins, but the mains until the Governme nt inspector had visited th e spot. Mr. Moncton, th e coroner of the district, summoned a j ur y at the B e ll Inn, Creech, at noon on Thursday, wh o p roc eeded injured was taken, as his con to Vie w the body of Umberstone. The evidence of one of the other servants of the companY dition was considered very perilous, after which the inquest was adjourned for a week, pending the report of the Govern ment inspector. AN INFURIATED CON AT NOTT I NGHAAL-00 cow in an nfur state Wednesd a y a t noon, while the market-Place w i as iafilted led with hundreds of people, a young dar ting off in the di rect i on of the rushed fr o m its fellows, fish -mark e t. It was abrup tl y turned near the Feather s Ta vern, W h en th e a nimal mad e a sudden dash amon g the tin which garnished a large ware spread on the ground, and then paid its respects to the pots and pans, plates and jug , r washing everything that came inPeirt ti°n of the pavement, way The maddened beast then ran towards Timber-hills where it overthrew a butter-stall, but was eventually driven back to its former quarters without doing further mi sc hi e f. —2 Votts Guardian. EVVNING - , SE Tr :ivi BER SPORT/Nr NOTES. .040. CCCIV. VIE GREAT ST. LEGER. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Slit,---The only race of any consequence cn Wednes day next, that has yet closed, is that of the Sc. Leger Stakes of 25 soya. each, for three yrs old; colts Bst 71b, and fillies Bst 21b; one mile, six furlongs, and 132 yards. The field, it is expected, will not exceed a dozen at the outside, and will be selected from the following:—De niel O'Rourke, Songstress, Longbow, King Pepin, Merry.go-round, Claverhouse, Stockwell, Ilex, Sir John Barleycorn, The Duke of Leinster, Clumsy Jack, Ber muda, Sackbut, Lapidist, Trousseau, Harbinger, King of Trumps, and Alfred the Great. A good moiety of the foregoing are horses that are merely talked about ; and I have only dotted down their names, so as to in clude every horse that m y a . y; o. übryoandny, Bermuda, Sir start. Of the doubtful l o t, M err S John Barleycorn, th e D uke of Leinster, Clumsy Jack, and the King of Trumps o , fr do th n e ot possess the most re mote chance of carrying KING PEPIN, in my opinion,oSt. Leger wreath. may . as well stop at New market for any hope he has at Doncaster. He will be ridden, I believe, by Charlton.wihning Mr. Bowes' oh c DANIEL O'RounE, l by Birdcatcher, out of Forget-me-not, is by tar the race, as he is not quite bandsfourteeor,ip,,rastlest horse in the e wa to three inches in height, which will materially his ed asr disadvan tageied over a course like that at D oncaster; an imals, with but few exceptions, havingis running, in past years His been the winners of the St. Leger. both this year and last, has been very in and our ; ing hi's last appearance at York I set down as nothing, being ee• then rather lusty, but has since been doing firstratleewrork, and, as I have observed several times of late, is to occupy ono of the three first places. All reports to in the contrary notwithstanding, I believe he will be ridd en by Butler. Scott's bright bay filly SONGSTRESS, by Birdcatcher, out of Cyprion, would seem to be, by the way in which the money has been invested upon her of late, the actual representative of the stable cash at least; but, on the other hand, it is reported in certain circles that Daniel carries a good deal of the money of the aristocratic sup porters of John Scott. This mare stands about fifteen feet three and a half inches, is remarkably well built in the fore-part, but has not powerful thighs. Her stride, in my opinion, is not so telling on this course as is that of Stockwell. Her performances this year at Epsom and Ascot were undeniably first rate; but, owing to the ac cident to her foot, and consequent stoppage in her work, as well as one or two minor reasons, I have hitherto withheld from her my good opinion for this race. I think it very probable I shall hare to remain in the same belief to the end of the chapter. Lord Derby's b e LoNusow, by Ithuriel, out of Miss Bow, will be ridden by Holmes; but his jockey can have no hope of bringing him home in a first rate position. Lord Eglinton's b c CLAVERHOUSE, by Birdcatcher, out of Blue Bonnet, beyond helping to swell the field, will do nothing of note whatever. Lord Exeter's b c STOCKWELL, by the Baron, out of Pocohontas, is ono of the most formidable looking horses in the entry. He stands sixteen hands, and is a splen didly built animal in every respect, with a tremendous stride. His performances this year have been uncom monly good, always excepting his first exhibition at Newmarket, in the spring, when Alooran gave him 31b. and an easy beating; and his race for the Derby, when he was dead amiss. It is asserted that Scott obtained, through Longbow, Stockwell's length so exact for their race in the Great Yorkshire Stakes, that he is certain of b e ating Stockwell at least with one of his couple. How this may be I know not, but I am tokrably well con vinced that Stockwell will be either first or second, and probably before, instead of behind, Songstress. It is not known fora certainty at present whether he will be jockeyed by his usual rider Norman, or Marlow. Lord Exeter's other nag, ILEX, will be started for no other purpose than to render his stable companion as much assistance as be can. Lord Clifden's SACKBUT is a very hopeless specula tion. He will be ridden, I believe, by Marston. Lord Ribblesale's LAPIDIST has a very good outside chance. lam given to understand Rogers will have the mount. Mr. Pedley's roan filly TROUSSEAU, by Gameboy, out of Bridle, has been much fancied of late; and if she is brought to the post in her two years old:form (qy.) will take a deal of beating. I cannot fancy, however, that she has any chance of being the absolute Al. Temple man is said to be her rider. The hope of the Goodwood Stable, the Duke of Rich mond's br colt HARBINGER, by Touchstone, out of Cuckoo, has been so satisfactorily disposed of by Song stress and Stockwell, that, notwithstanding m his g u r d e g at improvement of late , I cannot award him, in the rac y e menr, either the first or second place . i Nat will have the mount. Looking over the information I have received, I find that my verdict must be in favour of STOCKWELL or DANIEL 0 , ROURKE, the latter being my especial choice. The latest particulars on Monday and Tuesday. —I am, Sir, &c., Sept. 11. THE SPIRIT OF THE TURF. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S — YESTER D AY. THE GREAT YORKSHIRE HANDICAP. 4 to 1 agst Lord Glasgow's Knight of the Garter 6 to 1 agst Mr. W. Moseley 's Alonzo 7 to 1 agst Mr. Greville's Scarecrow 9 to 1 agst Mr. T. Dawson's Lerrywhent DONCASTER CHAMPAGNE sTAuEs. Even on Lord J. Scott's The Reiver 6 to 1 agat Mr. J. M. Stanley's Orinoco—take 7 to 1 20 to 1 agst Ld. Glasgow's Barba colt—taken to 100 E ST. LEGER. 3 to 1 agst Mr. John Scott's Songstress 3 to 1 eget Lord Exeter's Stockwell 7 to 2 agst Mr. Bowes's Daniel O'Rourke 13 to 2 ugst Mr. Pedley's Trousseau The only bets of any amount were 400 to 100, and 700 to 200 eget Daniel O'Rourke. DONCASTER CUP. 7 to 4 agst Mr. J. M. Stanley's Teddington—taken 3 to 1 agst Mr. Morris's Kingston 10 to 1 on the field, bar the two favourites and Stilton THE CESAREWITCH STALES. 1,000 to 60 agst Lord Wilton's Lady Evelyn—taken and afterwards offered THE CASIBRIDGESHIRE STAKES. 30 to 1 agst Major Mertyn's Convulsion—taken 40 to 1 agst Mr. Waller's Ephesus—taken 50 to 1 agat Baron Rothschild's Hyacinth—taken 50 to 1 agat Mr. Mangan's Ruseborough — taken DONCASTER RACES. The engagements for the ensuing meeting hold out a fair prospect of sport, but with the certainty of small fields for some of the principal events. On the first day (Tuesday next), including the Fitz william and Selling Stakes, for which the horses have yet to be named, and a match between Orpheus and Lady of the Grove, there will be six races, the Great Yorkshire Handicap and the Champagne Stakes being the " features." The han dicap is not likely to bring out above ten or a dozen starters, and the other is evidently reduced to a match between Vindex and The Riever. The Stand Plate has an entry of 44, and in all probability will attract the largest field of the week. The great event of the meet ing, the St. Leger, will be decided on Wednesday, but, notwithstanding the stake to be put down will be only 251. instead of 501., there will not be above ten starters: it is supposed they will include Stockwell, Songstress, Daniel O'Rourke, Harbinger, Trousseau, Lapidist, and the Duke of L e i ns t er; Merry-go-RoundClumsy Jack, and Sir John Barleycorn, it is said, will also go to the post. The Municipal Stakes of 200 sovs. each, for two years old, an " open race," a match between Longbow and Incognito, and three stakes, not yet closed, complete the second day's bill of fare. Thursday's list, which is complete, shows six races. The Eghnton Stakes for two and three yrs old, has a large and brilliant entry, and from the scale of allow auees and penalties, provided by the articles, is certain to attract a large field. The most formidable of the many public runners engaged in it are Longbow, Frantic, Little Harry, Elmsthorpe, Stilton, Vindex, and Exact. The 10 sovs. Two Yrs Old Stakes has a good numerical entry, but even with the 7lb penalty for running at York, seems a certainty for The Queen. An entry of twenty-five horses for the Two Yra Old Handicap pro mises a good field. On the other hand, there will not be many runners for the Cleveland Handicap, and the Foal and Scarborough Stakes are, to all appearance, " certain ties" for Stockwell and Daniel O'Rourke. There are no less than ten races proposed for Friday, for three of which, viz, the Cup, the Town and Nursery Plates, the horses have yet to be entered. The Doncaster Stakes, for three yrs old, has eighty nomi nations, in cluding Daniel O'Routke, with a pena lt y of 101 b or winning the Derby, Songstress, strang e to say, .without any liability for winning the Oaks , King Pepin, Lon k f g t.); bow, and Bird-on-the-Wing. The Parkhill. Stakes, in three yrs old fillies, has twenty -four rinorsma inns eluding Bird-on-the-Wing, Bay Reselnism, ld , Sally, an Caloric, d one or Fidgetty Girl, Glenluce, threats, G o s h hi s e s a x s o m b a l e l two other public runners. The Don a vSata e h l but strong entry, viz., Littl e Harry, h e 200 sovs. Harbinger, Longbow, . and Plumstead . T Stakes appears destined for Sackbut, and , the North of England Stakes for one of L ord Eglinton s nominations; two matches, between animals of no repute, complete the catalogue for the fourth and last day. The railway arran gements of the Great Northern Company provide special trains, at moderate fares, from Loudon on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Friday, an d ample accommodation on all other parts of the line. The Electric Telegraphic Company, by permistion of the corporation, have extended their wires to the race course, and messages will be forwarded to all parts of the kingdom, and in all probability the result of many of the events will be known in London before they are known in Doncaster. Handicap for the Stand Plate. Russborough, 5 yrs, Bst 1 01b—Croupier, 4 yrs, Bst alb —Osbaldeston, 5 yrs, Bst 3 1b—Longinus, 5 yrs, Bst 31b-- Clothworker, 6 yrs, fist 21b—Neasham, 4 yrs, 8 51— Lough Bawn, 4 yrs, 7st 121b—St. Michael, s 3 yrs, 7st —Hungerford, 4 yrs, 7st 101b—The Cutler, 4 yr s, 101b—Lucy, 6 yrs, 7st 71b—Sir R. Trencha rd, 4 y7ro, 7st 61b—The Proctor, 4 yrs, 7st 51b—Uni t y , 4 yrs, rs, 11_1h 51b—Eliza Middleton, 5 y rs, 7st 51b—Tbe S a Wo'odlayrk, 7al sW—Lady Jersey, 6 yrs, 7st gib ninth, 3 yrs, 6 yrs, 7st lib—Chorister, aged, 71 tT i r lick, 3 Yrs , ist—Paddy Bird, 3 yrs, 7 st„ -- , - , s , 6st 121 b 6st 131b—Lady in W eitiag , g yrs, 6st 121 b Lady Agnes, 3 yrs, 6st 121 b —L° F 1 : 3 1, Lincoln, 3 yrs, 6st —Butterfly, 3 yrs, Est 121b—Mtif r , 5 B o y, 3 yrs, 6st 7 lb a3r s r , t 2 6 1 b s t - 2 101b—Sally, 3 yrs, Est 71b —F arm yrs, fist 41b—Varmint, Conrad, 3 yrs, Est 71b—T' °' 3 y rs, 6st 31b—Plumstead, 3 yrs, 6st 31b—Lady b lb r — f S b n y o T vi r d u r ' o 'b p ° , 37 3 ‘ 3 yrs, 6st 31b—Ncidaj,i, out of Chief Justice's dors, t sabre, 3 yrs, Sat 91b—Ra. yrs, 6it—Safed, 3 Yr' , m orn ing Star, 3 yrs, sst 71b— ohatee, 3 yrs, Sat 81b— IBs'''', Freestone, 3 yrs, sst 41b—Black-eyed Susan, 3 yrs, sit 3113. Handicap for the Two Yrs Old Stakes of 10 sous. each. Bfoughto Bst 71)—Erbelbert, Bst 41b—Audnbo: , , 85t 4,b—Anteverts, 95t 31b—Little Swift, 85t 31b—IW vention, Bs. 31b—b fby Melbourne, cut of Gaiety, 85t 31 b—St. Andrew, 7st 12i'o—Whalenone, 7st 1216—Game Tommy, 7st 121b—Lady Vernon, 7st 10;b—Eaton, 7st 10 1 6 —llesdemena, 75t 71b—Polly, by Lanereost, 7st 21b — Bell Tinker, 7st 211a—Miss Agnes, 6:1 131b—Ace of Trumps, Est 1 2 1 b—b fby Venison, dam by the Saddler, Est 111 b—Valour, bit 91b—Ada, Est 91b—Jaquenetta, 6st 51b—ch c by Velocipede, out of Luxury, 6st 51b— La Juive, bat 51b—Charity, 6st, ARRIVALS ON FRIDAY EVENING -Sir C. Monck's Vindex. 2 yrs—Sir C. Monek's Gaiety filly, 2 yrs—Mr. Greville's Cariboo, 5 yrs—Mr. Payne's Hirsuta,3 yrs— Mr. i'syne's Glenluce, 3 yrs—Mr. E. R. Clarke's c by ,'peon, out of Rebecca, 3 yrs—Mr. E. R. Clarke's Little Swift, 2 yrs—Mr. Brown's Nancy, 4 yrs—Mr. Hessel tine's Lady of the Grove, 4 yrs—Mr. Wilkinson's Lord Lieutenant, 2 y rs—M r. Pedley's Conrad—Mr. Cunning barn's View Halloo—Mr. H. Hill's Little Harry, 3 yrs. WEYMOUTH RACES—(CONCLUDED). Her Majesty's Plate of 100 guineas, Two miles. Mr. Parker's Joe Miller, 3 yrs, Bst 21b (Goatee) I Mr. Parr's Selina, 6 yrs, 9st Ilib Mr. T. Gallop's Maid of My Soul, aged, 9st 1110 Mr. J. H. C. Wyndham's Firebolt, 4 yrs, 9st 41b 4 Mr. St. Lee's Little Fontmell, 3 yrs d; s The Portland Stakes of 3 sovs. each, and 50 sovs. added, for three year olds and upwards. Winner to be sold for 300 sovs., &c. Heats, one mile and a dis. Mr. Wy a dham's Firebolt (1000 7st II lb (Beuskin) 1 I Mr. H. Smith's May Day (50 sovs.), Esc 13113 2 2 Mr. Hayter's Grand Duchess, 3 yrs (100/), 6st 71b 3 3 Mr. Miles's Phantom, 5 yrs (1000, Bst 3 10........, 0 4 Mr. T. Gallop's Maid of My Soul (80 80y5.),..,,, 0 dr The Handicap of 2 soya. each, and 15 added, the se cond to save his stake, one mile, 4 Subs., was won in two heats by Mr. Parr's Selina, 9st 41b (Owner), beating Arlette, 7st 121 b; Teflis, 7st 71b; and May Day, Bst. The Beaten Handicap of 1 soy. each and 5 added, three-quarters of a mile, was won by Mr. H. Mills's Phantom, 9st 41b, beating Arlette, 9st 410; Glendale, Bst Glb; and Polly, Bst. AIRDRIE RACES—THURSDAY. The Trial Stakes of 2 sovs. each, and 15 added, for three yrs old and upwards, one mile and a half, (8 Subs.), were won by Mr. Hendercon's Boa Maza, 5 yrs, Bst 101 b (Halliwell), beating Miss Lawson, Bst 111 b; Luxury, 9,3 t llb; Etona, gat 21b; Agnes Gobbo, ist; and Woodland, 9st, easily. The Burgh Members' Cup of 501., added to a sweepstakes of 5 soya. each; for three yrs old and upwards. Heats. One mile and a quart er . (4 Subs.) Mr. Fitzwilliam na Mysticle, lOst 131 b ~.(Oates) 1 1 Mr. T. Anson's Brixy, 3 yrs, tsar 81t , Mr. Jolly's Swaledale, 6 yrs, lo st 131 b 9 2 Won in a ca n t er. The Airdrie House Plate of 20 soya., and a sweep stakes of 3 soya, each, for three yrs old and upwards, two miles (2 Subs.), were won in three heats by Mr. Mel ford's Fate, 4 yrs, Bst 61b (Kingston), beating Mr. Tay lor's Miss Lawson, Bst 131 b. BIRMINGHAM MUSICAL FESTIV AL. BIRMINGHAM, FRIDAY MORNING.—The concert last evening was even more numerously atte n d e d on Wednesday. The pieces selected were of th e usual miscellaneous character ; but the great attrac tion of this concert was the performance of Beetho ven's grand choral symphony in D minor. During this performance its beauties appeared as beautiful as ever, and its obscurities somewhat less obscure, it having been performed with admirable accuracy and clearness. The instrumental portion (as has always been the case) was the most successful in point of execution ; the choral portion being written with so little regard for the powers and capabilities of the human voice that it is physically impossible to pro duce the effects intended by the composer. Never theless, it had a great effect, and made a strong im pression on the audience. In the course of the performance of the selected pieces, Herr Formes sang Mozart's beautiful air, "In diesen heiligen Hallen," which affords full scope for the mellow tones of his rich voice ; he gave it in his invariable style of excellence. Mdlle. Anna Zerr, whose brilliant execution has made her quite a favourite here, got an encore in a pretty German ballad, " A Striiussli Willi pflticke." Miss M. Wil liams was encored in one of Land's pretty ballads. Madame Viardot Garcia sang very sweetly the "Ah non credea" of the Sonnambula ; and Mr. Weiss gave with great effect Macfarren's fine air, from Don Quixote, " When Bacchus invented the bowl." Madame Clara Novello and Signor Tamberlik sang favourite airs, and a brilliantly executed solo by Signor Bottesini on the double bass was one of the gems of this the last evening concert of the Festival. FRIDAY ETENlNG.—Handel's " Samson" was the oratorio selected for performance this morning, and certainly a better selection could not have been made. As now presented, the oratorio is pruned of some of its weakest parts, reduced to its proper dimensions, and forms a dramatic poem (notwithstanding its blemishes) of strong interest and surpassing power. It is to Mr. Costa, the gifted conducter of this festival, that we owe the form which Samson has now as sumed. He has taken Mozart for his model, and en riched the score with accompaniments, and his scrupulous devotion to the text satisfy the most de voted of Handel's worshippers. The opening overture was magnificently played, and the holiday recitative of Samson rejoicing at the " solemn feast" was very gracefully delivered by Mr. Sims Reeves. The air of the Philistine woman, " Ye men of Gaza," was sung by Madame Clara Novello ; this, to which Han del has only given a quartett of stringed instruments, has been beautifully reinforced by the flutes, clarionets, and bassoons, which it was evident from the perform ance to-day has greatly enhanced its expression as well as its beauty. Mr. Reeves gave the beautifully pathetic air, " Total eclipse," with great effect; in it Handel accompanies only by the violins in unison and basses. The grand air, " Why does the God of Is rael sleep ?" was also very effectively given by Mr. Reeves, with the additional accompanying parts viola, oboes, clarionets, and bassoons. The graq chorus, " Then round a bout the starry throne, which remains as Handel left it, was splen didly performed. The opening recitative and air of Micah, in the second part—" Re turn, 0 God of Hosts 1"--Was sung with much feel ing by Miss Dolby, as indeed was the dialogue throughout between Samson and Delila (Sims Reeves and Madame Clara Novello) ; the suopli eating chorus of virgins was very happily given— never, perhaps, with finer effect. The recitative of llarapha, on entering with the Philistines, was very finely given by Herr Formes, whose elocution was good throughout. In the succeeding air—" Honour and; Arms," which Handel has accompanied very slightly, we have further evidence of Mr. Costa's charming additions. These consist of flutes, horns, clarionets, and bassoons , imparting to the original a . ,,wonderful degree of ri chness and beauty : this is Mr. Costa's most mas terly performance. The entire of the highly dramatic and intensely interesting portion of the second part of the oratorio was well done throughout, the effect being altogether of the most exciting character. Mr. Weiss sustained his very arduous part very effectively ; he sang with exquisite taste the air of Manoab, " How willing my paternal love ;" the opening strains of the melody especially with remark able pathos and beauty of expression. The recita tives after the entry of the Israelitish messenger were delivered with great pur it y and good taste ; in fact, nothing could have been better than his si ng i ng throughout the oratorio. Madame Viardot Garcia sang the fine air, "Ye sons of Israel, with charming sweetness, the Noble President calling for an encore; but before his Lordshi p ' s baton was seen by the conduc tor, the solem n dirge of the sa t. Madame cara if possible, a m Israelites was over , and the band had commenced playing "the march; at its concl us i on Madarn e e Garciaore thrilling e n ff g ee the producing, Novello gave the air "Let the bright seraphim" effectively and ar tistically. Lord Leigh again calledfor an encore, and the audience gave a remarkable proof of their pleasure in a very unusual manner at these festiva s —they gave a hearty r oun d of applause. All the choruses were admirably done, especia ll y the grand double on e . Th e noble but simple final chorus, "Let th e i r celestial concerts all unite," has been •strengthed by Mr. Costa, so as to emb race the w bole pow e r o f the orchestra. The effect o f this was felt in its increased grandeur as ; performed h t e o - da Y. festval With this oratorio the musical pe rt otfhet National terminated. By " particular desire,e performance, Anthem was given at the end of t.b r ; Land then the Madame Clara Novello singing ql_e table heartiest and audience greeted Mr. Costa 'a wit The receipts at last most highly-deserved a PPla111:0e0.1/. 93., and at this evening's concert were einciuding donations, 1,7251. morning's performance, 18s. 4d. return of the entire proceeds of The following' s r s those of 1846 and 1849 : this festival , a s wel 3 d it 1849, 8,962/. ls. I d.; 1852 , 1846, 10,1 70 / . 9s. .; 10,751/. Os- 3.1 were amongst the company to-day : The following • h and party ; Earl and Countess of Ve -Lord Leig h and la party , • Lord Calthorpe and party ; Henry rum Wbitn3ore, M.P. and party; Lady Ward and party ; Lord Ward and party ; Lord Wrottesley and party ; flight lion. Sir J. Pakington, M.P., and party ; Mrs. blilnes Gaskell and party ; Earl Bradford and Coun tess of Bradford and party ; Bishop of Worcester ; Mrs. Pepys and party ; Mrs. Newdegate and party ; Rev. B. Adderley and party ; Sir Thomas Winnington and party ; Earl Powis and party ; the Rev. John Claughton and Mrs. Claughton and party ; C. B. Ad derley, M.P., and party ; Earl of Dartmouth and party ; Hon. F. Calthorpe and party ; Lord Sa n d, s and party ;Rev.Mr. Gooch and party; Rev. ___ B egot and party ; Rev. W. Graham and party; 'w • Hol beche, Esq., and party. UNIVERSITY.—The R ev . J . F. Co n s, M of ß T ß r l i D ni G ty E College Cambridge, has b een presente d by the patron, Sir Francis y. Baring, 13 art., to th e rec tory of Ki ngsw ortby, Hants, diocese eeleof Winchester ; w ith residence. value 380/., PROGRESS OF EPIDEMICS. (From the Medical Times.) The persistence and progress hitherwards of cholera, and the occurrence of peculiar epidemic diseases in other parts of the world, entail on us the necessity of reporting weekly the progress of epi pnloawguep—reva prevails s nd a o t f endemic portau.rrin gastritis, ce, in Hayti, ; b ut we have not hitherto, among all our ex perience, t o record the outbreak of so s i ngu l ar a " the coloured p eop l e. " It is described as cont i nu i ng to rage in that p or t, and the disorder is spoken o f as a " rotting of th e stomach, " which takes place i n we ayti, presume—as among twenty-four hours, if not checked. The preliminary and accompanying symptoms are not mentioned, not the means of checking it, nor are the post-mortem appearances detailed, although they may be guessed at. The cholera has reached Konigsberg, two fetal cases have occurred 013 the 26th; and con sequently, the committee of health has been re appointed, and has commenced proceedings for the re ception and attendance on those attacked. At Dantzic it is making great progress, there being from 40 to 50 fresh cases daily. In the previous epidemic the disease was exclusively confined to the Alstadt and the Niederstadt, but it has now spread to other par s of the town, end several persons of the higher classes are among its victims. From the &et ap pearance of the disease to the 25 h there have .teen 308 cases, of which 145 euded fatally. The garris on have suffered greatly. In Posen, on the 27th, these were 70 new cases, 29 dying, 428 being under treat ment. In Miloslaw the disease was increasieg. In Zerkow and Smilowo, and in Lissa, near Breslau, cholera had broken out. At Pleschen its continued prevalence has caused much gloom. The disease is still spreading in Marienburg, particularly Weichselwerder and Nogatwerder, and is also increasing in severity. In the village of Nejau, of 350 inhabitants, 95 were dead from epidemics. in Tragheim, 43 deaths had occurred out of 250 in habitants ; in Tannsee, 40 ; in Gross-Montau, 39 ; in Liessau, 9 1 ; in Schadwelde, 20; in Kundzendorf, 12. Reports to the 26th ult. show a considerable de crease in the cases of cholera in Warsaw ; on the 25th there were 185 new cases, 119 fatal, 200 recovered, 800 still under treatment. On the 26th there were 153 new cases; 83 fatal, cured 131, 793 remained in ' the hospitals. A similar report of decrease of cases comes from Land s b erg, in Silesia; it is said that the swallows, which had disappeared from the city on the outbreak of the epidemic, are 'beginning to return. From Posen, the returns are to the 27 t h ; 95 new cases, of which 53 died ; 351 re mained under treatment. In Ostrowa and Je roczyn, also, the disease has abated. The ifagde burg Correspondent contradicts the report that cho lera has appeared in that city. Some cases have occurred in Konigsberg, and it is spreading in Ma rienburg. It rages with the greatest severity in the lowland village of Griejau, which contains 350 inhabitants, of whom 95 have died, and 15 are still under treatment. 185 deaths have been recorded in the neighbouring villages. The population in many of these places is said to be decimated. The disease is supposed to have reached its climax about the 24th ult. Some isolated cases of the epidemic have been seen in Vienna. The small-pox continues to rage in most parts of the island of Jamaica, and has carried alsoa a s cc it ia i nm s a t t oi h no e ng r e ht . ha off so me o f t h e higher classes in Kingston. The mor tality i n ot h er parts, except Portland, is not so great It beenrt oiosp very a t Up violentout t most t st Black but, River,o since vaccination and e v A carried report Parkcamp, wa has been les s fatal.extensively,i ithat the cholera had been introducedin to gafloat, th a e ' island by the Carlott a , trader, Captain Romer, which t h e e o r r e ag being disease. arrived from Carth agena on the 4th e e Town, eas e ult., se veral persons having di e d on b oard from th D Th e e m y er e a ll r o a w , b f u e t ve i r t h is as r d a i t s h a e p r pea disappeared from G unhealthy, great deal of sickness, especially am ong the seamen. Fron Fron Dantzic the reports respecting the cholera are very unfavourable; 60 fresh cases occur daily, and of these one-half terminate fatally. Private accounts from Warsaw state the visitation to have been much more severe than the official reports would lead one to suppose. Our Board of Health is at least beginning to bestir itself. Two of the superintendent medical inspectors, Dr. Sutherland and Mr. Grainger, have been directed to watch the progress and threateninge of the disease, as was done on the last occasion. Mr. Grainger is en route to observe and report on its pro gress at Megdeburgh, and at other points in the direction of Hamburgb, where it is said fatal cases have occurred on board an English vessel, and also at Elsineur. The latter vessel had arrived from Dantzic, where the disease is very violent. The victims were the master and one of the crew. From Posen the accounts are very alarming-97 persons were attacked on the let, 50 of whom died. In Jaroczyn, out of a population of 2,130,210 had died by the 30th ult. The disease has also shown itself in Schrimin and Namslau, in Silesia. On the 29th there were 79 new cases in Warsaw, 36 being fatal; 513 remained under treatment. Two pro'essore of the University of Warsaw are among its victims. It is supposed that more than 5,000 persons have died in the hospitals since the outbreak of the epidemic. The pest has raged with peculiar severity among the Jews ar hose peculiar proceeding regarding interment aid its spread, as every dead body must be washed, watched, and interred separately, and that by members of their race exclusively. In 15 days 1,662 Jews have been swept away by the dis ease. The plague, spoken of above as a kind of ma lignant gastritis, is said to be raging very fearfully at Port-au-Prince, and a great number of foreign seamen, as well as of the inhabitant, have perished. It is re ported that Mr. Wilson, the United States Consul, has discovered a remedy for it, and has saved many lives. At the Havannah yellow fever, cholera, and small-pox prevail to a very great extent, and almost every ship in the harbour has some cases of the fever on board. Out of one company of 120 soldiers, 110 had died, and in a chain-gang of 109 convicts 100 had perished—a most fearful ratio of mortality. The accounts respecting vegetation have greatly improved in character of late, and thus one of the most influential causes of a dreaded famine may be averted. The wheat harvest in these countries and in France, except in the department of the Loire, where it is of interior quality, is beyond an average condition, and the potato crop has greatly improved everywhere, even in Ireland, so that at least one-half may be saved. The vineyards, however, are as they were, and the vintages will suffer greatly. The French • wines will be good, it is said, if this month be warm and dry, which, considering the heavy storms it has been ushered in with, is hardly probable. Wet weather will greatly deteriorate the quality of the wines, which, under the most favourable will circum s t anc es, be much below the average The quantity made. accounts from the Beaujolais and the Mac oneais are alarming. The disease which attached the vine has continues to make great pro ress, more es pecially with the whit e grapes. Thus g the two kingdoms of Nature—the animal and the vegetable — seem to be universally labouring under disease, and that, too, of a most fearful and deadly character, threatening great and extended destruction. REMARKABLE STATISTICS OF INSANITY 11V THE COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX. From th e reports of the visiting justices of Hanwell and log facts have been obtained, and afford ample materials darin the year 190 patients Colney-hatch Lunatic Asylums some very interest for the consideration and contemplation of the philan thropist. allummales and 102 females. The causes of their disorders in the males being moral in 31 physical in 31 others, the rest being unascer ' were received —vii., The moral causes in the males are thus England, etaaisiefes.de.nidFoo.r the females the moral causes were 5, and enumerated` —Poverty, 3; domestic unhappiness, 2; di a . leobtained :--- • ted affection, 3; grief, 3; dissipated habit, 1; over a ppoin l l e s r a , al eBand 32—fe males,the d femaleof rel i i side—disappointedous s u bje ct s, 3 ; an affection,xie t3 , , 2 ; politicalfright, i t e l -, read, went, I ; remorse, 1; disappointed expectation,l. educated,o poverty, 2; grief, 1. They were mainly divided as to . religious principles as follow :—Church of males, 48—females, 68; Roman Catholic males, 4—fe males, r w e a g l a e r s d , s 4; education not th the following m al males, results 32— were e e m r c e In uses of disorders:— m Well , educated, d plai n l ya m n a d le w , ri l t — e, f' tn em al a e l s e , s, 33 l - B; fem l s ' 23 . AS' males 43. 2—females, Atthe I c l o ; in n e o y t h ascertained, m m 4al 669 m51 es ,m femaleshad oral, s9 b ; e be en physical,received. female braach s of the males are thus the 9o; p fo h l y lo si w c i a n l, g l3 o s n . ly Th w e e m re ora ascertaine d: --- Nforal causes, Causes 6; reverse of fortune, loss of enumerated:—Domestic grief, 7e• the I caus temperance of wife, 7; dread of 3; sudden shocks, fright s, 8,,. , , unfaithfulness or in property, &0., poverty, 7; want of em ployment,l2; loss of wife or childre n, 3; disappointed affection, deser tion or ill-usage _ of , erroneous views in religion, pride, 3; over anxiety, 2; sudden loss of several cows, disappointed ex citement at the '1; suicide of a brother, 1; over ex -29; jealousy, 3 ; female side Great Exhibition, 1. On this head the stands thus:—Domestic misery from chil dren,deser- i eme iT t parents cacutylioonaio advertisement s d e d r 0 e n t d shock on inform a tion of domestic greieaft,hpoovfertrye,lativce.,,lo6;. husband, 13; loss of husbanit seenduction and neglect, 6; into a brothel, 1; through readi n g the tr ' ial of Manniegs, the murderers, 1; begu'l t. , males, 171— fa ther's pro fl igacy, 1; erroneous views of religion, 1; despondency on quitting service of long duration, 2 ; ac cidental poisoning of a daughter, 1; omission in a bill, 1; fright, 14; loss of property, 3; over-indulgence of females, 275; read only, mules, 6 3 —females, 135 1:10 females, 183. Religion—Church parents, 1. Education —Read and write education, males, 79 — of England, w o o s, 238—females, 414; Roman Catholic, f e males, 74; dissenters, males, 35 males, 96—fe Ima eel, 102; unknown, males, 32; females, 79. GOLD I som AnsruALlA.---The ship Vanguard' arrived in the docks from Geelong and Melbourne, has packages of go ld d ust , co nsigned to order; and twenty-six an d the vessel Johnston e , arr i ve d on the same day from Sydney, has brought twenty-seven packages of gold dust, consigned to sundry houses in the metropolis. The S t. vi nc ent, arrived from Syd ney, has b roug ht one case and two bozo of gold dogs oODAigned to order. b N...;.....• /1:41t7 lard' ore c d to 6d 01 11g . 53 64 2 d l 33 °cl 2di Port s Od t 0 1 ' Lob' c d to d s t . 0 to 1 10V el 10 0 7,100 Oa.