The Sun. — London, England, 1816-07-31 00:00:00

AN 1) r, INT git `DISIRESS—OENERAL DISTRESS -43001tT IthTES, &c. Eprroit or THE SUN. am led to wish, and to solicit, the in sertion in your valuable columns , of the follow - - ing " Thoughts on. the Subjects of our National Policy and Situntio,i," by the belief that they have not yet been looked at in the point of view I Shall place them, anti by the conviction of the expediency (1 had almost said necessity) - of so looking at them. ~ In doing this, it appears to me desirable, to preface my more (It:tufted opinions on these sub jects.,„ by a statement of the broad ,principles on which they are founded.; because those U. 130 do not agree with me in the premises, ..are not very likely to arquiesce in the conclusions I 'dra w from them;, and because I ant so far ft am hoping to continet prejudice, that I our not even disposed to contend with it. I contend that the happiness of a nation is in proportion W.:the number of its population that trmelt the soil ;.and its Sti ength is in rupottion to its happiness ; and I write merely with the wish (1 ant not sanguine enough to say the hope) to excite those who agree with me in this opinion to intik!, and to give it that consetinence which will then belong to it. - Neither. my reading, nor,my mind, furniSh to me a 'more perfect system of Government thaii the British Constitriku ; and With its.otheradVan sages, it .involves the power of correcting those errors and abuses that nnavoidahly creep into every human institutimr. That power must nowt he called into full action, for we are arrived at a time when the evils that have crept into our sys , ttn, and the distresses that result from them are tot longer tolenible ; and we can only escape front the precipice we stand on, by tracing back those steps that have brought us to it. ~ 'use national Mind was never more 'fitted for national greatness, the public heart was never better disposed, and patience has kept [nice with misery. Shall then a monopoly in the occupa tion ni the soil which gives birth is such a peo ple, shut thern' nut from the Produce of it ? Study pa.. If' l'am right, the putting an end to this tonnopoly will effect every thing desirable. If I am right, this may now be easily done; .and if easily., it ought to be done promptly. Lot Ore landed Gentlemen appear to have lost sight of their own barren[, and it is not very likely theiefiare, that the commercial and legal charac ttri, of which the houses are now lunch too full, *Ol have a very cot , rect view of it ; and in fact, the complainants to Parliament were those who ;occasion the evil, and not those who suffer by it ;, and the LegiSlattire have been deliberating rather en the means of continuing the distress, than of r uttin g an end to it. Ido not speak on slight grounds. The'distress rrt the country is not in the elaSs of its population that makethecry about thsy are tiblidged in their luxuries only; and: questions for consideration should he—uot to give the monopolists these luxttries, but how to give the people bread—not how to rake the prices of the necessaries Of life, but how to :keeit them down. The only oil I have seen orsee (if it is an evil) in• the present agricultural distress, ss it is called, is, that the homer calitint (1041) into Market, and drink so MIMI) Wine as he used to do ; and that he west give up his Benno, if the landed Gentleman will not keep it, greater man than himself on his estate, by:lowering the rent of it so us to enable hint to do‘tts he has - done. But if the aristocracy of ttte country is valuable, and to be preserved' ; ; i 4 the landed Gentle Men respect themselves and the Constitution, they most not lower their rents to the monopolists, or tiny tenant, till he giVes up his lease ; and they must not again transfer their its the St'ate to tin order in the comirtunity rh s t cannot constitutionally hold it. Mkt the distress of the 'Farmer, it lino 1)011 said, occasions the distress of the Poor. I say tur; and that that is a proposition which no unprejudiced man will - attempt to maintain. it is by the mo nopoly of farms, which has shut out it proportion elte number of the population frnm getting their bread by thesoil # and by the intrOdtietion of, ma , - chinery into 'agrienltUral mienagement, which has alint out a considerable part of it from gettla it by their labour, that this. distress 'IS occasioned ; nail if thes'e.ba, the causes of the esil, as 1 say they ore; the remedy for it is p4Jrnibie. I go farther, end say, that the conntry. is. al ready greatly benefited this agricultural tits tress (as it, is called), sane[ that the advantages it lead's to arc incalculable, and that no one will feel (iiem son - Inds as the landed Oentleoniu, Let its lust then look at the effect this distreSs (=shout svliich set inserts has been said) will have 011 11111): IL: - will !we some of his prescnt tenants perlops, . What then ?, lie Nl' ifl recover his naliiNl titmice in the country, and be no longer an t.rtnni tant on his own estate. Ile mutt lower his rents also; good; but he will obtain and maintain every thing neeessafy to 1)N : establishment, And lie will purchase every article of his constuniition-at more than proportionally lower rate, nn he will be considerably a, gainer by the very. fall 'that alarms him. I would ask him if he does or can !, live now with the hospitality and the dignity of his ancestors ; and (taking into his calculation that by decreasing the poors' rates on his estates . he will increase the value of them) let him ask himself if it is not by the system of suffering the few to tunnopolisc the oeCnplincy of the bud, that the many are thrown on it as a, httrthen. Notwithstanding all the misery that exists, the land is burthened with: Six Millions a-year Poore Rates, and is it not:clear'that the Landed Interest (for I see mischief in the new-(angled term of Agricul ttual Interest) will be best rdieved by decreasing the Poor. This the Landed Interest Can do of itself; and more th,in this, it can recover its own consequence in the Stale, and. it can do that which notislng else can do :it can give the Con stitntion its pitrity, tbe People their. happiness. and the Governthont its legitimate strength ; strength greatly beyond what it can pwsess itsrlt of by any other means; and, a few 1110 N, %%)1113 on these heads, with the outline of a practical Plan for putting an end to the existing evils, will form the substance of vile short Letter more, if the importance of the subject should induce yon to insctt this.---I am, Sir) your's, &c. (YPIIEIt. MONOPOLY OF BEE[I LICENSKS. TO TRE EDITOR OF THE SUN.. Stu, --The Letter of a Magistrate of the County of Surrey, inserted in your Paper of the 12th inst. contains sentiments that do honour to the head nnd heart of the writer ; nod I , have since ex pected ' (with an anxiety proportioned to the inte rest I have in the question) that your numerous Readers would be favoured by the publication of the licsolutions allmled th; and it would ha gra tifying to know where the pamphlet, containing " the Letters of a Middlesex Justice," moy be tne,t with. I trust that, having once put your hand to the work, i lia consideration will induce you to tools back ; nod your insertion of the following hints be considered as an earnest of perseverance `Tie retnedy I would humbly rresione to pro pose for the existiog evil, tile MunopOly of.lieer Licenses, is; that the Board of ti;,:itcise he empower, ed to grant License', on the application of pet'- sons desirons of opeilinghouses, snprnleii by certificates' of character from some respectable in.f habitants of the neighbOurhoUd and that the Licenses should he personal, not attached to any particular house ; since the controol exercised by • Brewers over their'tenaots originates in the fear of ejectment this ; would cease when the Vietual ler was enabled to carry on his business in tiny house of the same town or parish. Having thus provided for a fair competition in that essential article of British comfort, Ruer, it would yet be necessary to guard'against abuses and no mode could be more effectual than to con tinue the goperintendance of the Mugistrattes,who might have 9 negative voice in the renew a l of Licenses, whin any part of the Publientei conduct rendered bins unfit for the trust virtually reposed `in him. At this time 1 conceive it ►vould be inconvenient to dispense with the revenue prodtieed by Li censes ; nor would the Victualler be benefited by the measure, us the number of houses would probably be much increased should the duties be entirely taken off, lam not aware that any objection can be raised against this extension of power to the I% a n d of Luke, its it would not bts accompanied by a dis cretion to refuse the License, J all other branches of business, Auctioneers, Appraise's, nom-dealers, Tea-dealers, &c. &c. any 014:1 may purchase a License ; and I see no reason why be who proposes to furnish the Public with good Beer on moderate terms, should experience more difEcnity in counnericiug business than any other tradebman. Though this plan differs in sotne points from the sugketition of your formes Correspondent, I am persuaded it is practicable, and will be found adequate in its effects, to remedy the defects of the present system, and remove an evil so long and So justly h grottud of complaint in every town and hamlet in the kingdom. Notwitlistantlit% a Reverend Scribbler has lately attempted to cast an odium on ray s gnature, 'tit with` pride I subscribe myself, AN A 14E-Dli Satorday'the E,lri of It osst,:rsii regiment Of Light Dingoons,-commanded by Caionei Mon- LAFD, were reviewed on Hoonslow"ll4iith by Iris Itoyid High'ness the Duke of Youx. • M I: Water( pia. DE, namburgli, j Gotten _ burgt, Guernsey nnd Jersey. . . , PRICE OF STOCKS, . • .. Tim DAY AT, rwEtxr. o'ci.acc . !lank Stock,.., .... - ;..'...21f.)4 Rank L. A 0n..... 1 G 5-1 G 7-14 3 per Cent. Red....63i Gi 63i India 1i0nc1i,....... Bs. 9i. pr. 3 per cent. Cons. 6 . l.ikt Exell.llills, 'ls 6s. pr. 4 per,Cents. 791 AU Cous..fur August 64i 64 A per Cent. N. An n.. ... 944-11 u , . MOH WATER AT LONDON 'MIDGE tO-MORROW. minutes after . 11.,1 Kreitiog, 31 minutes after 8. THE SUNS 111,1 LEM 1.111111 Megke VALIUM AtiORATI LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 31, 1816. Among the Parisian rtitnotirS is one, thnt the Atnerican Squadron which luti appeared in the Mediterranean is for •the purpok of enforcing Agaiust the King of' I . IAULIIS the demands of the United States, for the property seized under the uStirpathm of, 11.;uRAT. It appears, however, to be too insignificant for that inuio,e. The British subjects now in France, according to the computation of it person who b it s gr e at n►eans of ascertaining their nutubers,it is thought, amoant to abbot thimen thousand : public opi nion fat home had, we bellevi; estimated them much higher. -Htunhargh Papers to the 24th inst, arrived last night.—The King Of PRUSSIA was to heat Carls bad on the 23(1..; the Emperor of ALISTIIIA was to set oat for the same place on the lit h.—The Hereditary Prince of O %NOE and his hi ide have arrived at firossels, on their way to the Nether- . land .—JE-HOM BUONAVARS T, Ex-King of West phalia, has been created Dittie of Montfort by hio father-in,law, the King.of IVILITEMBERG. If ever, it was imagined that the benevolent Meeting in the City of London eouhl either in vestigate or 'remove the sources of the existing pressure and distress, that expectation, as it Inuit have been founded in titter error, can in its dis. appointment excite no rational regret. All that could ever be hoped troth such a design, 'slat a temporary relief I,leviation of suffering, and much of the extent to winch this gracious, porpose eau he effected, depends upon the manner in which the 'routine hn4oess of the, subscription is con. dttoed, If thoie to whom this ta , k is :confuted clerote thern‘elves :za . aloofly and properly to . the muse, the I\oo will prospr and be productive of infinite good. Hut it, on the contrary, thf common carelessness and inattention of inferior agents is substituted for activiSmoosures to promote success, languor and failure will be the consequence, and a noble plan will be lost for want of due means to ren der it effective. We offer this remark for the consi deration of those high and excellent persons who have taken an anxious interest in this affair, from ()Wei ving that even already there has been great slackness iii adopting tha necessary steps for at-' taming the object in. view. It is 'otir earnom hope that we' may not have to return to this subject; , but while ive arelisin g all our bumble efforts to excite our country to do its duty in this national cause, we shall not silently _pass over remissness or impropriety in those ap. pointed to point oat to the people of England how they may best consult their feelings, and contri. hute to this work of humanity. The Morning,Chroniele:4 to-day, in comment ing upon the Meeting of Monday, is extremely liberal in its censure of U. R. H. the Duke of KENT, WllOlll it accuses of attempting to . "lasi. Itttate" an '' insidious proposition" upon the assembly ; of bringing for%tard a '' device that could succeed only with ignorance," and of sup porting a " delusion" and '' artifice," which, happily -h r the eountry there mere present sharp, clear-sighted, and intelligent individuali able to detect, anti. manly enough in the spirit of independence to ‘vain their fellow citizens against." ' Wit •it appelrs from the same scurrilous COM.. mentary upon the Royal Duke that he completely tailed iu this nefarious work, for " The Meeting did its duty to themselves (hang Grammar !) and to their country. They manfully resisted the im position of a fa/sehaod,"—which proceeded fic,. cording to this most incontilstent Fruni " the popular Duke of iistir I . l ' save me from ory' friends is an old axiom, and truly the Duke of KENT 1143 greitt, teRSOP. to join in the ex etamation--IViiat ! to be ace Used by a pretended friend, of being made on the instant a mere tool and catspaly, t > prOphse a fals,thouti which email, i t ilitim,ed ill) sitcr:eect nolv With n oral, ci.! I (lit tie ill oi nin Chroniele ! We always knew 'fiat S• otir censur e wits ptl-Ctie butt never t ill fr.t , wale- so fully aware" of the fact, 'that your nlattsc, was satire:, raid your approbation a libel. otrrli tIIU A. Letters from Vera Cilia to theist of Tube, , from Mexico to the 12th of -mention counts having been teceived at tern Cruz chat Government of the tufted States had restilo that the flags of the inderienderi l / 4 points of Spar America should be idniiiteli ir,t6 all the port! the Union. Several Vess i eE from the Uni States, they also aftirtn, iiad arrived. at Punta Piedra, the port belonging to th e indepenife on the Aiexlcan coast, and among tltent, schooners Caymnin and General Bolivar, cOnvo; by an. AnieriCau britor war. Their cii‘gott et sisted of arms and militnry stores, and they had on board many vOrtintier's going to join Mekican patriots. Two British brigt war (add the same counts, to which we do not give entire tan called the Royalist and Bermuda, at Vera Cry had offered their services to the Spanish Govern to act against the Independents, and had left t port to cruize against the privateers of the 14It ' It is stated that the motive of this offer was expectation to receive permission to take ill silt' for Europe. On the 15th Fehttiary an Edict of the tuqtits (lon had been promulgated in Mexico, prohibijoi under the severest penalties, the 'perusal of works published in Spain during the time of ti Cortes. -• ;Ott the 24th at the idnie month F i e VI I's decree, re-establishing the . Jesuits in all a dominions of Spain, and the Intlit's, %v;ut proclaimed in " Mexico. Nots6thstantling t it threats (tithe Inqulsitimi, and the :xerlit"'" the King's Officers, the revolutifill in :'l l .l the ill terior of illexico proceeded in a rapid nod ' di ' manner,, particularly since the great 'lid received from the United States, with wilieh country in tereunrie vt'as very frequent. We observe from the Baker's assize that they 0 1 see no coupe to lower the price of bread in I"' portion to . the price of grai n . Jf our 40 01 ' tirrists , are ruined with the quarters 104 ttt m ild; what must the lower orders be, wIlt!' l 4 • reaches a price capable of rewarding 0" la boors? Or is it to be endured, titut a combination of trOesmen should thos deprive the g rower (4 his fair remuneration, and impose on the pub lic with the high rate of a,Monopolv. London loue is dots taxed about 3000/. per day-r-a stun' which relieve all its panpers. - BAatim the 'Essex Pedestrian, Chit mortN.` soon after six o'clock, iDaile ' good ) ) k '773d rtli' The List letters tc(itir mention a noti n ', l of the arrival of an oYe; land dispatch from to the French Ambassador at CottailtilielPkv t)/ whom it was transmitted to the French Glwero• meta, of the defeat of our troops by, those of ; \ ' 4. '." pact'. Eve' y account (Jun 1 India by a m" re t ;; rect channel encourages the ihOp,e of a result When the hostile armies in India htive An American Captain at Calctuta writes r‘i friend in London ,on the siihket as f° 11 "`"; there can- hardly he more recent accounts " town 1 6 not TTA, MARCI!, imagine that roll f; feel much interest in the politics of this country; 'but ;IS ' t nrral Ochterloney is a Yankee (from Boston must tell you , that he has connuenced his second c 411 . 14 ";;r i , against the Neratilese •rith his usual ability and succes!ft, call him the Wellington of the East ;' he will sulalileo' this year. " Three country ships hare been burnt. by the I'l: c ,, a a rt t within a mon*, and two more partially destroyed; (4 4;;11 ts Java, and three attempted ut. Caldutta. Some "Jan the Lucian' OCCEtgicllleAl these acts of . . Sir ROBERT WILSON and Mr. BRUCE errivl (l Dover on Monday, and the former. ig "ta u ' s/ . 1 er have reached town. Lady Wti:soN will relin ial on the Continent f or some time, on acc Oni t t her health. o the From Malta we h a ve rece ived advieec • 30th ult. at which time no n ew neeoarits of devte dations. committed on the Seas by the Rar" , l t . Powers had reached th a t I s l a nd. On the C": trary, it was stated they w e re conducting selves more peaceably than, they had done f. I some time. a his' M Lord EKOVTH slept the Saturday 14 1.- brother's, Sir ISR A EL P ELLE tv's, in Sc rie '" t' ,.l row, Plymouth ; and, by four o'clock S'`,'l, morning, went on board the amen Cher i " „„ * At 10 all'the fleet.wall in motion. PIUNCESS CHARLOTTE —.We arc haPPY to stIV that her Royal Highness was so fn. recovtro t from the effects of her late intlisposiO r ' l5 l be able to entertain the Duke of Coo.'lDaloOt an' a small party with music, at taint:fiord 1 1 " / 4/ the night before last, p",e Princess ettattin'ttlo ce contre atm T IM DU , gain ytnliaigilrinfte'osnl s`s lio. n i thtb terman very prettily. 11 of CAMERIDO-r it - saug two of t hre c pill in )1:5 ow l chaste .tnanner. Prince CORURQ 41 it Co lnl4l° Int v ,leiall, and s,ings admirably, expreed. ss , The rumour is revived of the solicitude tiOlk by an Illustriou s P erso n age to bring the go a of a Divorce, by way of 13111, into the Ilan ' Lords. A female, a Swiss by birth, is said o 'l a• material tvitnets. We have hoard th at le " 14 0 - of the Ministers have decidedly d e cl a red the ir t I " illiogness to agitate the delicate ques tion ; a i i ro that this only has preVented the trial of a mea s .' n that might have been attended with the mu" r. u POrtallt consequences to the .---(JjlQ tn itt Chronicle.) rho erinc the report of her Royal Highness We. cat] venture to say that there is no truthoir: CHARLOTTE having suffered sla ttJiscurria (NOrnißy ChNitiele.)