The Sun. — London, England, 1866-09-19 00:00:00

The Food Fisheries of France. (From the Times.) The very latest novelty in French oyster culture is the introduction by Mdlle. Sarah Felix, the sister of the late Madame Rachel, of the American horse- shoe oyster. This lady is an enthusiastic ostreocul turist, and she has a suite of packs near Havre, which are said to be very profitable. Many of Mdlle. Felix's countrymen have of late years taken to oyster farming, and in a short time the foreshores of France will be crowded with oyster beds, when one of the greatest industries of that country will assuredly be the breeding and fattening of that popular shell fish. The expense of rearing oysters is so trifling, and the returns so large, that thousands of the seafaring people have gone into the business, and many of the inland vine growers and general farmers have re moved to the coast in order to try their luck at this new industry. There is a great demand for the oyster in all parts of France, and as the mollusk may be kept out of the water for a few days without any harm, or can be kept in tanks and be artificially fed till such time as it is wanted for table purposes, a number of fishermen who could not find an outlet for either their round or flat fish in consequence of the rapid transit required to insure their fish being fresh on arrival at the market, have within a year or two taken to the rearing and fattening of oysters. There are few places now on the shores of France where oyster culture is not carried on in some one of its varied phases ; there are either viviers for keeping them alive till called for, pares for breed ing them in, claires for fattening them, or pits for greening them. And the French Government, with a view to promote so laudable an industry, has established model beds on various parts of the coast, in order to teach practically the art of oyster farming. As well as being practically useful in a commercial sense, these model beds have been of great use to M. Coste and other French naturalists, by allowing them to determine the exact age at IN hich the oyster becomes reproductive, without which knowledge no animal, sea or land, can be profitably bred. The French part system also admits of the proper study of the spat mystery, which is now attracting the gravest attention of all interested in the natural and economic history of the oyster. As an example of the spat difficulty, it may be mentioned that while in the basin of Arcachon the spat has never been known to fail, yet around the Ile de Re the fall for these some years back has been very intermittent, as it has also been on the English beds. In the sheltered basin of Arcachon the plentiful spatting may be accounted for on the principle that the spat has nowhere else to go—it mustifall within the basin. In an open expanse of sea, it is different ; the spat may be carried away to great distances by tidal in fluence, or a sharp breeze upon the water may waft the oyster seed away for many a long mile. Every bed has its own time for spatting ; thus one division of the Re beds may be spatting on a fine warm day, when the sea is like glass, so that the spat cannot fail to fall ; while, on another portion of the island, the spat may fall on a windy day, be thus left to the tender mercy of a fiercely receding tide, and so be lost, or fall, mayhap, on inaccessible rocks, a long way from the shore. On the Isle of Oleron, which supplies the green oyster breeders of Marennes with such large quantities, it is quite certain that in the course of the summer a friendly wave will waftlarge quantities of spat into the artificial pares, when it is known ,that the oysters in these parts have not spawned. Where does this foreign spat come from ? The men say it comes off some of the natural beds of the adjoining sea—is driven in by the tide, and finds a welcome resting place on the artificial re ceivers of their pares. It is altogether an erroneous idea to suppose that there are some seasons when the oyster does not spat because of, the cold wea ther, &c. Some of the pares had spatted at Ar cachon this year in very ungenial weather. The spatting of the oyster does not depend on the weather at all, but the destination of the spat does, because if the tiny seedling oyster does not fall on propitious ground it is lost for ever. New oyster beds are of ten discovered in places where it is certain oysters did not exist in previous years—how came they then to be formed ? The spat must have been blown upon that ground by the ill wind that carried it away from the spot where it was expected to fall. If the spat excluded by the large quantity of oysters known to be stocked in the pares at Whitstable, in Kent, the home of the native, were always to fall on the cultch of Whit stable, instead of on the adjoining flats and else where, the company would soon become enormously wealthy. At present one of the largest items of their annual expenditure is for brood to be fattened for the market. This brood they buy everywhere, in order to keep the London oyster taverns con stantly stocked with natives. The difference between French and English oyster farming is not much, but the little that there is is of great importance in the economy of a large oyster farm. The endeavour of the French is to obtain spat or brood without purchase; hitherto this has not been the case in England; the dredgermen are but too willing to pay for brood when it can be obtained, but of late years, in consequence of a paucity of spat, it has become scarce and ill to get. The new oyster farms which have been laid down in England of late years are all on the French plan, and already we are hearing of their success, spat having fallen upon some of them in great plenty. In the Firth of Forth oyster beds no pains are taken to protect the oyster, the grounds are never overhauled or worked, and the brood is sold by the hogshead to all and sundry who will come and buy it; the result, as may be ex pected, is that in Edinburgh oysters are scarce, are also small in size, and dear. While the men of Whit stable have become rich by their thrift the men of Newhaven have become poor from consenting to the spoliation of their oyster beds, which are naturally the finest in the world. They have at length killed the goose for the sake of the golden egg. Any attempt to find out the figures pertaining to the annual oyster commerce of France is generally abortive. No one knows exactly what these figures are, but of course every man forms his own opinion. An oyster merchant of Rochelle doing business with the growers of the adjacent islands of Oleron and Re will say £250,000 per annum, while a Bordeaux shipper, with large ideas, will give figures repre senting four times that sum. It is unquestionable that there is an immense oyster business done in France. Paris alone requires at present a daily supply that in the course of the season is said to amount to 100,000,000, and the large provincial towns all consume in proportion. Countless num bers are besides exported, cured, prepared, and pickled. Official figures state that in 1862 the three factors appointed by the Government for the sale of oysters in the grand market disposed of 67,836,900, being an increase of 121 millions on the preceding year. We are constantly coming across paragraphs in the provincial newspapers of France about the oyster trade. Lately the Phare de la Manche told us that Paris now required ten times as many Oysters al in 1856, and that they were now double the p r i ce ; further that 6,000 women get a living during the oyster season in opening oysters. The same paper also gave us the astonishing intelligence that huitres de la Manche were the most esteemed in Paris, that the green oysters of Marennes were not now in demand, except f the Ostend pittedor exportation, and that oystershad taken their place. It is certain that Ostend furnishes to Paris about three million oysters per annum ; there are official figures to that effect. There has been also published a cluster of reliable figures about the oyster grounds of Arcachon, in which it is stated that the oyster grounds of the basin, including the royal parks on e i t h er side of the bank of La Ilillion, occupy space to the extent of 1,200 acres. A stock of over two oysters w as gradually laid millions of breeding down in the royal grounds, and there yielded an enormous amount of spat. A portion of the two millions—viz., 500,000, laid down in 1863, is said to have yielded young to the extent of seven millions ! If this statement be correct as to a fortieth part of the mother stock, what would the total yield be ? It would in fact be too enormous for figures to express it. Everybody has heard about the immense fecun dity of the oyster, and to yield such supplies as are indicated by the above figures the animal would require to be very prolific. The writer has seen a little branch taken from an artificial bed, which contained a few - thousands, and he has seen many common tiles with hundreds of oysters on each. The Whitstable of France is on the Ile de 116, where may be seen a few thousand oyster parts and also a few hundred claires, or fattening ponds, and hundreds of thousands of oysters in all stages of growth, from the size of a pip's head to a crown piece. One of the many difficulties which the French oyster-growers have had to solve is the construction of a proper medium for the reception of the spat. Every kind of material has been tried, branches of trees, logs of wood, fragments of rock, and now tiles made of clay are being extensively used, and with the greatest possible success. At Arcachon a hive of an ingeni ous kind, that is, a suite of small boxes filled with gravel, and contained in a larger box, was tried, and was found to suit very well ; the best of all bottoms could be constructed in the parts by the filling into them of the numerous shell middens that are to be found in some of the fishing places. The formation of new parts and claires still goes on on the French seaboard, new concessions of ground for that purpose being frequently made, and a tour to most of the fishing places of interest gives the idea of the great future wealth to be obtained from this source, more especially when the natural and economic history of the oyster comes to be more thoroughly known than it is at present. The French people also grow mussels, on what is now known as the artificial plan. About four miles from Rochelle there may be seen a wonderful mussel farm that has been profitably cultivated for hundreds of years. The mussels are sold largely for food, and afford a good living to the people who cultivate them. The British fishermen might obtain a hint from the mussel farm of Aiguillon and grow their own bait, which is scarce and dear. The mussels are grown on frames of basket-work, called bouchots, and are larger and of finer flavour than the natural mussel. There is nothing that is very new to say about the fresh-water fisheries of France. Huningue, which has been already described, still con tinues to fulfil its mission, by sending out to the barren rivers of France sufficient fish eggs for the re-stocking of many of them ; and, it is satisfactory to know, with good results, many of the' French rivers, which a year or two ago were totally desti tute of fish, are being now wonderfully stocked. A large number of district piscicultural reports have been contributed to the manuscript department of the Arcachon Exposition, and all of them were of the most favourable character, giving full details of the work done and the different kinds of fish that had been manipulated for piscicultural purposes, some of which were common enough, as carp, perch, &c. In a Catholic country like France, where there is an urgent demand for fish as fast-day food, it may be necessary to cultivate the very commonest fishes ; but in England, where the people are more fastidious about their fish diet, it would not be profitable to cultivate any other fish than that venison of the waters—the salmon. THE PUBLIC HEALTH. (From the Registrar-General's Return) In the week that ended on Saturday, Sept. 15, the births registered in London and 12 other large towns of the United Kingdom were 4,261; the deaths re gistered 3,099. The annual rate of mortality was 26 per 1,000 persons living. In Loudon the births of 1,080 boys and 1,035 girls, in all 2,115 children, were registered in the week. In the corresponding weeks of ten years 1856-65 the average number, corrected for increase of population, was 1,947. The deaths registered in London during the week were 1,371. It was the 37th week of the year, and the average number of deaths for that week is, with a correction for increase of population, 1,218. The deaths in the present return exceed the esti mated number by 153. This number is exceeded by the deaths in the week from cholera. The first two weeks of September have hitherto been noted in cholera epidemics ; in the first week of September, 1849, no less than 2,026 personsdied of cholera ; in the first week of September, 1854, the deaths by the same disease were 2,050. The deaths by cholera in the second week of the same years fell to 1,682 and 1,549. In 1866 we have been less unfortunate; the deaths sprang up with unexampled rapidity, threatening all London with devastation, and the❑ less suddenly, but decisively, subsided. The deaths by cholera in the first two weeks of September were 157 and 182. 132 and 110 persons died in the same weeks by diarrhoea. Of the deaths by cholera, 10 occurred in the West districts, 27 in the North, 20 in the Central, 77 in the East, and 48 in the South districts. 'To insure its rapid decline the utmost vigilance is required on the part of the people, the health officers, and the Board of Works. It is very desirable to know what proceedings have been taken by the authorities, not only in drawing up regulations, but in seeing to their execu tion. The health officers of London have supplied the Registrar-General with some information having an immediate practical bearing. The annual rate of mortality last week was 23 per 1,000 in London, 19 in Edinburgh, and 30 in Dublin ; 18 in Bristol, 19 in Birmingham, 55 in Liverpool, 28 in Manchester, 26 in Salford, 22 in Sheffield, 29 in Leeds, 20 in Hull, 31 in Newcastle upon-Tyne, and 26 in Glasgow. The rate in Vienna was 38 per 1,000 during the week ending the Bth inst., when the mean temperature was 6.1 degrees Fahrenheit higher than in the same week in London, where the rate was 23 per 1,000. The 513 deaths in Liverpool last week showed an increase of 20, and those referred to cholera, which in the three previous weeks had been 146, 225, and 145, rose again last week to 182, while the fatal cases of diarrhoea fell from 84 to 51. The annual rate of mortality in this borough during the past 11 weeks of the current quarter has averaged 50.7 per 1,000 persons living. In Dublin, of the 181 deaths last week, 55 resulted from cholera ; and in Vienna during the week ending the Bth inst. the fatal cases of this disease had increased to 64 in the previous week to 107. At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the week was 29.544 in. The barometrical reading decreased from 29.80 in. on Wednesday to 29.29 in. on Friday. The mean temperature of the air in the week was 56.7 deg., which inhis 0.7 deg. below the ave rage o f the same 50 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher). The highest day temperature was 70.2 deg., on Monday. The ' lowest night temperature was 47.4 deg., on Saturday. The entire range of tempera ture in the week was, therefore, 22.8 deg. Th e mean of the highest ;temperatures of the water of the Thames was 60 . 2 deg. ; that of the lowest was 59.6 deg. The difference between the mean temperature and air temperature was 6.6 deg. The m ean m ean degree of humidity of the air was 79, completeo sa t u ration being represented by 10 0. Rain fell to the amount of 0-87 in., half of which fell on Friday. On Tuesday rain was measured at Eccles to the amount of 0.76 in., and at Manchester to 0 . 65 in. ; and at Clifton to the amount of 0.62 in. on Friday. The mist was observed on every day except Sun day. The wind blew generally from the south west. At Liverpool on Tuesday, at 1 24 p.m., a pressure of 281 b. on the square foot was recorded. THE RISE AND DECIANE OF CHOLERA IN LONDON. (Prone a Syplentent to the Reyistrar-Geturats Report•) Cholera has been very unequally distributed over London ; it has been in overy district, but it is only in the field of one water company that the violence of the epidemic recalled the ravages of 1849 and 1854, when nearly the whole of the water was un filtered, and when much of it was drawn from parts of the Thamea and its tributaries polluted with sew age. The cholera matter was in those years diffused over London in large quantities, and the mortality pursued its cour, , ;e only checked by treatment of diarrhoea in the early state of the malady. The Lambeth and Southwark companies in 1849 could not improve their water supply ; the ground was undrained ; the pumps were polluted ; and the epidemic pursued its natural course. It first appeared in the autumn of 1818, subsided partially to break out again in the summer of 1849, when week after week it grew more fatal, until in the first week of Sept. it killed, reckoning diarrhoea, 2,298 persons. The Lambeth water was drawn in 1853-4 from a purer source, and the mortality by cholera was im mediately shown to have declined in the districts it s.upplied ; but no great change was made in the character of the water during the course of the epi demic, which was less fatal, and pursued its usual course, culminating in September. Nearly the same general law of development of 1866 was observed in the districts of the south, the centre, the north, and the west of London, with this exception, that in none of these districts did the mortality approach the dimensions of previous epi de-mics. There it justified the anticipations that had been indulged. In the midst of this calm the whole of London was startled in three successive weeks of July by 346, 904, and 1,053 deaths from cholera ; and it was found that the great majority of deaths happened in the houses supplied from the reservoirs DA Old Ford belonging to one company. To make this investigation more exact, the deaths happening on each day in each of the fields of water supply have been taken out, and are given in the table, p. 547. The dates of death extend from Ist July to Ist Sept. Three deaths from cholera hap pened on Wednesday, 11th July, 6 on the 12th, 12, 11, 12 on the three following days in the dis tricts supplied by the East London Company, includ ing West Ham on the east side of the Lea. On Monday and the six days following the deaths ran up to 31, 54, 59, 83, 91, 104, 104. The 23d July was again an increase ; the deaths were 130 on Monday, 144 on Tuesday, 166 on Wednesday, when there was a slight subsidence ; but on Monday, 30th July, the deaths were 141, on Tuesday, 171, and on Wednesday, Ist August, 170. It appeared then right to call attention at once to the complete coincidence of the cholera field with the field of supply of the East London Water Company, in the hope that the state of its water might be immediately looked to. The weekly report was published on Wednesday morning, Ist August ; on that day the engineer of the company called at the General Register Office, and on the day following he published a letter in the daily journals, showing that he fully appreciated the importance of the crisis. The supply might have been changed on Wednesday morning, but on that day no result appears ; the deaths were 170; on Thursday ithe deaths fell to 155, on Friday to 114, on Saturday to 112, on Sunday to 119, on Monday, Aug. 6, to 115, on Monday, Aug. 13, to 44, on Monday, Aug. 20, to 31, on Monday, Aug. 27, to 21, on Saturday, Sept. 1, to 8. This coincidence between the intervention of Mr. Greaves and the decisive declension of the cholera in the- week following deserves to be noted. It strengthens the circumstantial inference that a part of the supply between July 8 and Aug. 1 was drawn from the uncovered reservoirs ; but the unclean matter might of course have entered the water through other unknown channels. No corresponding rise or fall was observed on the same days in the other fields of water supply. The covered reservoir at Old Ford, said to be 21 acres in area, and 101 ft. deep, will sot hold more than about 7,126,100 gallons of water, and the com pany supplies 90,174 houses with 201 million gallons daily. The uncovered reservoirs it is said cover nine acres ; they are seen from the Great Eastern Rail way, but are not depicted either in Mr. Milne's map or in that of the Government engineers. The depth of the uncovered reservoirs is unknown ; but they contain perhaps three times as much water as the covered reservoir. The system of the company consists of the water in the reservoirs, in the mains, in the multitudinous pipes, and in the butts of the consumers' houses; through these channels the matter must have been distributed irregularly; and it will be shown subse quently how slowly any zymotic matter once intro duced is eliminated from the water or from the population. The only sure method is to let all the water run off simultaneously, and to let the fresh supply be scru pulously pure. This, with complete drainage, gets rid of the zymotic stuff most expeditiously. Now the epidemic has partly subsided in the east, and the company's water, as far as we can judge of the effects, is returning to the normal state, it is desirable that Mr. Greaves, who is deservedly held to be one of the hest practical hydraulic engineers of the day, and whose truthful ness, in questions of science, no one would question, should be permitted by the company to publish all the facts of the case. The difficulties of supplying 21 million gallons of pure water daily from the Lea, with only one small reservoir, holding a third part of the day's supply, below, and in close juxtaposition to the tidal por tion of that river full of foul sewage, in all seasons of the year, are im.nense ; and, in the conditions given, casualties, which no skill can entirely avoid, are almost inevitable. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 19, •1866. deration. In the meantime, it would be premature for any one whom it may concern to conclude that the suggestion will be adopted. The Committee, on their rising, in deference to the express wish of the Lord Mayor, adjourned until 'Thursday. The following is the official return of deaths in London from cholera and diarrhoea registered on Sunday and Monday, Sept. 16 and 17:— Cholera. Diarrhoea. West districts ... ... 1 2 North districts ... ... 3 ... 1 Central districts ... ... 3 ... 1 East districts ... ... 12 9 South districts ... 12* 8 Total ... ... 31 ... 21 The return for the sub-district of St. Giles, North, was not received in time for publication. * Four of those 12 deaths were registered in the sub district of St. Nicholas, Deptford ; one at 80, New-street, ono at 3, Rope-walk, and two in Old King -street. Ten deaths from cholera have occurred in Old King-street dur ing the present month. Shipwreck of the Netherby Emigrant Ship. The ship Netherby, 1,220 tons, belonging to the Black Ball line, from London for Brisbane, with 452 Government passengers on board, and also a large cargo of railway iron, was wrecked on the night of the 14th of July on the coast of King's Island. The ship had arrived almost at her destination after avery favourable voyage, having reached the Straits, but the weather for some days previously had been of such a character that no observations could be ob tained. At half-past seven p.m., while the ship was going about five knots an hour, land was seen, but so close that in less than three minutes from the time when the first sign of danger was observed, the Ne therby struck on the rocks in Fitzmaurice Bay, on the western shore of King's Island, almost at its ex treme southern end, and about 25 miles from the lighthouse. After the ship struck on the rocks, find ing the water gaining on the vessel, the captain set all hands to work to get up stores from the hold, but before much had been done in this way the lower decks were flooded, and at last the only thing to do was to wait for the day. The night was passed in great suspense. The general expectation was that the ship could not live it out, but there was no con fusion. Sunday morning breaking found them still safe, and the fog lifting, showed them the shore, about a quarter of a mile distant. Even then their look out was awful, for with sunken rocks, breakers, lines of surf, and a rugged, inhospitable shore before them, the aspect of affairs remained imminently dangerous. The ship had five boats, but one broke up before it could be used, and two others were smashed before all were landed, for the weather be came stormy. The getting on shore was at last achieved by fastening a line to the land and work ing the boats along it like a ferry-boat running on a wire. Even then the boats could not be taken further than the outside of the lines of surf, so the passengers had either to wade waist deep to the shore or be carried thither. It was raining, too, and when, after many hours, the nearly 500 souls on board reached the land, they were in a wretched plight. The ship was almost under water, but many things floated ashore, to their com fort. Among other matters were some sails, and those furnished tents. But the greater number sheltered themselves beneath such impromptu mia mias as they could manufacture out of the thick scrub. The worst they had to endure were the cold nights and the short provisions. Altogether about 25 barrels of flour, oatmeal, and biscuit floated ashore, and these, though injured, were the staple means of subsistence, eked out by a few walleby, &c., which were caught. There would have been more, but though guns were plentiful powder was scarce. One boat remained serviceable, and the captain managed to pay visits to the wreck, when all in the way of stores that could be reached was thrown overboard, that they might be washed on shore. It was thus that some cases of preserved meat, wine, and beer, and some passengers' luggage were recovered. The meat, which provided but a short allowance, was mainly kept for the women and children, and served out in daily rations. At first the daily allowance was a 4lb of flour or oat meal to each person ; but later it was increased to Ilb. Unless more had been got from the wreck this would have lasted but a short while, for just before relief arrived it-was found that the remaining flour was in great part damp and useless. Luckily good water was found a mile and a half from shore. It was in this miserable plight that the poor people waited for succour, Capt. Owen and his officers doing all they could, and Dr. Webster, the ship's doctor, never ceasing his attentions or care f or t h e general health. Happily, there was no sickness, and the only remarkable event was a birth, one of the female emigrants (Mrs. Cubbins) being brought to bed of a girl on this desolate spot. After a week's xp o people were gladdened by the ur e eight th e f her l esty's steamer Victoria e s shipwreckedecoming to their succour. One of the Netherby's crew the day after the wreck volunteered to make for the lighthouse, at the further end of the island —a most difficult task. He however succeeded iu reaching it, where he procured a whaleboat, and with two others pulled off for Barwon Heads. This they luckily reached, and by this means reached Geelong, where the Victoria and Pharos steamers were at once despatched to the scene of the wreck. As soon as the Victoria and Pharos had anchored, all boats were at once employed in bringing the poor creatures off the island, but most of them had to wade through the surf up to their waists before they could get to them, All, however, were safely got on board. The Netherby was insured at Lloyd's. THE CHOLERA. MANSION -HOUSE RELIEF COMMITTEE. Yesterday at a meeting of the Working Com mittee held at the Mansion-house, the Lord Mayor in the chair, Lord William Hay, M.P., Count Strzelecki, Mr. Arthur Giles Puller, Capt. Helbert, and Dr. Ogle, representing the committee associated with Mrs. Gladstone, attended to ask for a grant of money. There were present, besides the Lord Mayor, Sir Mordaunt Wells, the Rev. F. G. Blom field, the Rev. William Rogers, Mr. Thomas Fowell Buxton, Mr. Pascoe Glyn, Mr. H. W. Ripley, Dr. Andrew Clark, Mr. Richard lloare, and Mr. R. B. Wade, all members of the Mansion-house com mittee. The deputations stated in effect that Airs. Glad stone, who was first in the field, had received appli cations in respect of 624 orphans, of whom 174 had been provided for temporarily. Of these 51 were absolute orphans, having lost both parents, 45 had lost their fathers, 23 their mothers, and there were also 45 convalesceutpatients who were being provided with temporary relief. For purposes of temporary relief alone Mrs. Gladstone had received £2,200, of which £897 had been expended, and it was calculated that £l,lOO would be required to defray the cost of maintaining those children for the next six months, which would leave a balance at the expiration of that time of little more than £2OO. After that pe riod they would be wholly unprovided for. In a conversation which ensued upon this applica tion, it was stated, chiefly by the Lord Mayor, that with respect to the £5,000 which the Mansion-house committee had set apart for the maintenance of Vile children made orphans by cholera, 810 children had already been returned to them by the local commit tees in the east of London as coming within that category, and the Bishop of London's committee was prepared to supplement that sum with another£s,ooo. The whole of the Mansion-house £5,000 had been bespoke on behalf of those 810 orphans, but now that Mrs. Gladstone had got 119 children in a state of orphanage something should be done for them after the expiration of the six months. The commit tee had the greatest possible sympathy with Mrs. Gladstone and with the benevolent interest she had taken in the orphans, but their funds were now very limited, and after they had apportioned the £5,000 t o h i e t y he tiwonilsdtress. From the first they had been a have butlittleleftforany furtherrel nd ief ms w i r a e a r i b e n lt s ee t ni to l a l n u ccr n ee a ao n tf i e m oar o pt i n hy s a l p y n es o r f r o ba p un in tet i no o tw n ai t i: h ds a ts t i th i ne t tri w o nfoort temporarydt hee orphanage they would give £250, and,l o h oo t kin o :r igi t i o t the fund remaining at th e i r disposal, ho they had gone far enough for the present. If, how ever, they should eventually have a surplus, they might possibly think it desirable to make Mrs. Glad stone another grant forpurposes of temp ‘ o h ra ie r l y l m re i l g ie h f t , • having the profoundest respect and sympathy f or o s n l she. was engaged, v h tl e te L l e .k a inationalwhi With that assurance the deputation took their leave. Before the committee separated a suggestion was thrown out by the Lord Mayor that it might be de sirable, in anticipation of winter, to apply a part of the fund in enabling some of the poorest poor in the east of London to redeem little articles of clothing and bedding with which they have been compelled to part during the dire distress consequent upon the epidemic; but practical difficulties were apprehended in giving a satisfactory effect to the proposal, espe cially the possible abuse of what was intended as a boon, and eventually it stood over for future consi- Piracy y7n the Chinese Sees. Hong Kong papers contain an account of a very successful encounter with Chinese pirates which has just taken place. A severe blow, says the account, has been struck at the pirates by the gunboats Osprey and Opossum. These two vessels, under Commander Menzies in the Osprey, Lieut. Main- Waring having charge of the Opossum, left Hong Kong on the 12th June, having a Chinese mandarin on board and a native merchant who had been de spoiled, to recognise the pirate junks when they should be found. The expedition was planned by concert with the mandarins of Kowloon, and the place to which the gunboats proceeded, in accord ance with the information they had received, was Quang-chow-wang, but when this place was reached the junks were found to have disappeared. In point of fact, news of the expedition had in some way leaked out, as usual when gunboats co-operate in any way with the mandarins. To do anything in concert with the native authorities appears useless and mere waste of time. It is not easy to suppose that they are deliberately supporting the pirates_ all the while, but it is impossible to avoid seeing that they are incapable of concealing from them any plan of operations which may be formed. If the gunboats had on the present occasion limited their performances to the original programme, they would have come back without having seen a pirate. As it was, however, being so far down the coast, it was decided to go on to Hainan, to draw a few covers in that direction. A very tempting account to the officers of the gunboats of the island generally, the scenery of which is rich and tropic a lly luxuriant, with cocoa nut trees growing to the water's edge and hills co vered with vegetation. At a village called Yu-lin kan, on Wednesday, the 20th, a fisherman came off and gave information that in the next bay, Sa-ma creek, there wa s a fl eet o f 12 pi r atical junks. The gun-boats immediately went in search, and up a small inlet discovered their prey. They were not 12, but 22 junks, and the pirates must have belonged to a bolder race than those who frequent this neighbour hood, fo r th ey showed fight, and no sooner saw t h e gun-boats than th ey prepare d f or ac ti on , a n d o p en ed fire w i th th e i r guns, although at the same time they combined di scret i on with valour, an d set to wor k passing their valuables and all portable cargo on shore as fast as this could be done. They were very large junks, with an average of more than 10 guns each. One mounted 15, and the pieces ranged in sizes from nines to thirty-twos. Altogether it was computed that the fleet carried 240 guns, a tolerable match for two boats with six guns between them. On this occasion, however, they did not remain at a distance, firing with the largest ordnance only while out of the pirates' range, but they advanced as near as the shoaling water in the creek would allow, the Osprey to within 1,200 yards and the Opossum to within 700, at which latter distance, of course, she was well within the range of the Chinese. Indeed, the great majority of their balls passed over her, though some struck her hull. Fortunately, no casu alties occurred. This cannonading went on for about two hours, when a new turn was given to the course of events by means of a landing party from the gun boats. About 45 men were quietly put on shore, and, under cover of the jungle, made their way round to the part of the creek at which the pirate vessels were lying, without being observed until they came close to the junks. From those lying close along shore the pirates im media tely fl ed, sculling in their sampans, or swimming ashore to the opposite side of the creek, and gradually as the landing party took possession of the junks along shore, and by means of boats, be gan to board those which were anchored out in the creek, the pirates gave up, and even from the vessels lying furthest out the crews slipped over the sides, and disappeared with or without the as sistance of sampans. The Opossum's and Osprey's boats made a good many prisoners while this was going on, but most of them wero wounded, and it was afterwards found better to turn them adrift rather than bring them away in a state which would have required medical treatment. During this time, while the boats were pulling about, the mandarin who was with the gunboats made himself conspi cuous by his zeal in the pursuit and capture of pri soners, but his boldness drew upon him a great deal of attention from the pirates, and they fired at him so perseveringly with small arms as they were escaping that he was at last struck in three places. One of the wounds was in the stomach, and this proved mortal, so that poor old Ly-ang—blue-but ton mandarin of Kowloon—ended his career in this engagement, falling the only victim to the pirates. One man on board the Osprey was wounded, but none were killed. The pirate junks were all burnt in spite of the fact that some of them contained opium and other valuable cargo. It is, of course, impossible for the gun-boats, short handed as they are, to make prizes, except on a small scale, every now and then under favourable circumstances. The day after the action, on a Thursday, the crews destroyed the piratical village of Sa-ma, and then, after spending the rest of the day, and part of Friday, " wooding and watering," the two little vessels started on Friday night on their return voyage. They came straight across, out of sight of land, and reached Hong Kong on Monday morning. Extraordinary Swindling Career of an Ex- Officer. Yesterday, at the Windsor Guildhall, Richard Bayley was charged with several cases of swindling and robbery. The prisoner's real name is Richard Albert Warkin Bayley, late ensign in her Majesty's 35th Regiment, and he was quar tered with the depot at Colchester. Ho is a son of Major- Gen. Bayley, who commanded the Bombay contingent dur ing the Indian mutiny, and who, having retired from the army, resides in Wales. In early manhood the prisoner en listed as aprivate soldier during a wild freak, and servedin his regiment a twelvemonth, when his father bought him out and purchased a commission for him in the 35th Regi ment. But his waywardness and general misconduct were so incorrigible that in Juno last he was cashiered and su perseded while absent from his regiment without leave. During May and June he was staying in Paris, at the Hotel de Lille et d'Albion, where he assumed the name of Captain Watkins, of the Royal Horse Artillery. In Paris ho drew cheques on Sir John Kirkland and Co., the army agents, of London, purporting to be drawn by Ensign Bayley, in favour of Capt. Watkins, Royal Horse Artillery, and uttered them, after having endorsed them with the name of Capt. Watkins. This being a forgery, the French Government, upon the application of the money clangers whom he victimised, have made an application for his extradition, that he may be tried in Paris. Among those whom he swindled in Paris is Mr. Webb, a money changer, residing in the Rue de Rivoli, who cashed some of his cheques upon Sir John Kirkland and Co. It is an offence against the French code to live under an assumed name. " Captain Watkins" represented himself as a second captain of the Rdyal Horse Artillery ; that he had fought with his regiment at Luckuow, Delhi, &c ; that during the Indian mutiny he had three horses shot under him ; that he was the only officer of the troop who escaped with his life ; and that he received a ball in the knee, and a wound in his face from the splinter of a shell. He had a wound in the check, not yet healed. After getting as much money as he could by means of false cheques, and borrowing money of the gentlemen staying at the Hotel do Lille, he disappeared, leaving behind him an empty portmanteau and au unsettled account to the amount of I,ooof. or 1,200 f. At this time ho had with him a companion, whose real name is believed to be Denny. This individual, an Irish man, with a Yankee cast of countenance, raised money and credit to a large amount upon the representation that his name was William L. Howard—a scion of the Yorkshire Howards ; that his father had £20,000 per annum ; and that ho himself intended to stand for the representation of the North Riding of Yorkshire at the next election, as ho would shortly have £12,000 a year., , Frona one gentleman this individual borrowed upwards of £20C1,. The Chief Su perintendent of the Windsor police has had forwarded to him excelloct photographs of the prisoner and his com panion, executed by Clement Lagriffe, the photographer of the Rue St. Honore. On leaving Paris the prisoner made his appearance at the Horns Tavern, at Kennington, on July 9. He stated that he had been playing cricket at the Oval, and, remaining at the house until July 29, he ran up an account of £6. Ho assumed the name of Captain Watkins. When he left he pretended to be going to get a cheque cashed, and said that he would return and pay his bill. Ho never returned, and soon of ter he had gone it was discovered that he had stolen the landlady's gold watch from a drawer in her bedroom. After his apprehension, he told Mr. Whitty, the landlord of the Horns, where ho had pawned the watch, and that he had destroyed the ticket. It is fortunate for Mr. Whitty that ho refused to cash a cheque for £l5 on Sir John Kirkland and Co. on the re presentation that the prisoner was Captain Watkins, of the 22d brigade of Royal Artillery, stationed at Shorncliffe. At Kew, the prisoner got a boat from Mr. Williams, and rowed up the Thames to Caversham, near Reading. At Caversham he put up at the White Hart Hotel, and had only left that establishment a couple of hours when a person sent in search of him by Mr. Williams arrived from Kew. Eton was his next place of rendezvous ; and Mr. John Harding, of the Crown and Cushion Inn, was honoured with his com pany. The "captain" left suddenly without paying his bill. While here he was " Captain Heneage, of the Royal Artil lery," and he casually made. the acquaintance of Mr. Bur rows, a London medical gentleman, staying in Adelaide square, at Windsor. informing that gentleman that he was a visitor at the house of one of the masters of Eton College. Mr. Burrows invited " the captain " to supper on several occasions, and to join in a fishing party. The " captain" obtained a rod, bait, can, &c., from Mr. R. Smith, the fishing tackle maker, near the bridge that joins Eton to Windsor, stating he had no ready money, and would pay Mr. Smith when ho got a cheque cashed at Messrs. Nevile, Reid, and Co.'s, the Windsor Bank. Instead of joining the fishing party, the prisoner went to Mr. Bur rows' apartments, obtained access by means of a plausible excuse that he had permission to write some letters, and stole £4 in cash and several articles that could be easily appropriated. Ho was disappointed in a sum of £4O that he knew Mr. Burrows had in the house, but which that gentle man had fortunately removed. From Windsor " Captain Heneage" went to Egham, and stayed at the house of Mr. Dickinson, the Angler's Rest, where he slept from the Monday to Wednesday. Mr. DickinSon suspected his cus tomer, and on the Wednesday night locked him in his bedroom. Next morning it was found that " the captain" had decamped, after ransacking the room, stealing a clothes brush, and jumping from a window , thirteen feet abo ve th e groun d. N ex t , " th e ca pt a i n '' went to the Bells of Ousoley, at Old Windsor, where he hired a cart, and was driven to a good fishing spot on the banks of the Thames, and he spent tho remainder of the day fishing. At this time Mr. Eager, the chief superin tendent of the Windsor borough police, and. Mr. Biddle combo, of the Swan Hotel, at Chertsey (formerly superin tendent of the Surrey constabulary), were on his track, and he was discovered by them fishing in the, midst of a pour ing rain, from a punt on the Thames, midway between Chertsey and Weybridge. The captain was brought back to Windsor in custody. After his remand he made a cunning attempt to escape from the strong room in which ho was confined at the borough gaol, by tampering with the hinges , of the do or . Thi s attempt was d i scovered, and since then ho has had an officer of the gaol with him constantly in the apartment. As Mr. Burrows, the surgeon, was not in attendance yesterday, the Mayor further remanded the prisoner for another week. luspoctor Poarman and Police Constable Crichton, of the Bucks Constabulary, were in waiting to apprehend the prisoner, if ho should bo discharged, for his frauds in Eton. Mr. W. H. Hand, of 5, ClevOlaud row, St. James's, was also present, on behalf of his client, M. Webb, of the Rue do ilivoli, Paris, with a view to the prisoner's ulimato removal to Paris for trial upon the charges of fraud and forgery preferred against him. HALF-CROWNS are no longer, it appears, coined at the Mint, so at least says a recently-published Parlia mentary paper. Florins have taken the place of these, pieces in the issue. In like manner, the threepenny-piece is superseding the silver groat ; no such coin as the latter has been sent out since March, 1865. SPIRIT OF THE PDBLIO JOURNALS. TIMES.—The Circular of the Marquis de Lavalette is a document of twofold import. It is intended as a Manifesto to the French people no less than as an address to the nations of Europe and their Go vernments. To the subjects of his vast Empire Napoleon 111. felt that some explanations were due —some vindication of, or apology for, the conduct pursued by him before and after the short but mo mentous war of which we have just seen the close. It was necessary for the Emperor to allay an ex citement of public opinion to which, it could not be denied, his own words at Auxerre and his letter to M. Drouyn de Lhuys had contributed to give rise. It was necessary to meet the outcry raised by the Opposition on arguments—it would be vain to gain say it—drawn from tolerably explicit declarations on the part of the Imperial Cabinet itself. It was necessary to unsay much of what had been said, or, rather, to ignore and seem to forget it ; to gain all the credit of a peaceful policy when it was inex pedient " to rush suddenly into the risks of a great war ;" to show surprise and even displeasure at the "reaction of the past upon the future," by which the natural allies of France were looked upon as her enemies; and to rejoice at the agrandisement of Eastern and Southern neighbours, although the de mands for " compensation" or " rectification" had been met with a respectful but decided refusal. All this was the main task of the Imperial statesman, and great, it must be avowed, are the tact and ability with which he has acquitted himself of it. The perusal of the Note of September renders any reference to the utterance of June a rather ardu ous effort of memory ; to establish identity between the same Monarch and Cabinet of the two different epochs requires no little ingenuity; nor, for our part, would it answer any useful purpose. That part of the Circular is addressed to the French people—a people by no means remarkable for any tenacity of recollection, and greatly to be swayed by speciousness of argument and subtlety of doc trine. To us on this side of the Channel, and to other nations beyond the Alps and the Rhine, the Emperor had no account to give. There was not one of us that took part with the French Opposition ; not one that blamed him for not " violating his promised and proclaimed neutrality ;" not one, ex cept, perhaps, Austria and the minor German Princes, that wished him to quarrel with Prussian or Italian aggrandisement. On the contrary, most of us were delighted with- the issue of the war ; we rejoiced as much as he did at the rise of two great nations destined to run with France in the race of common progress, and placed beyond all possible necessity of ever crossing her path. To us the Em peror owed no explanation, and he gives none ; but there are some large views, both retrospective and prospective, on the subject of general European policy, by which the Emperor, or his State Secre tary, places himself far above the passing crisis which suggested the present Circular, and on these points this Note possesses in our eyes an interest superior to that of any paper hitherto published by the Im perial Foreign-office. The biographer of Julius Caesar condescends to read us a lecture on history. The expounder of " Napoleonian Ideas" assures us that his present policy is only the sequel of " hi s ancient convictions and the traditions of his race. Napoleon 1.," he urges, " foresaw the changes which are now taking place upon the European continent. He planted the germs of new nationalities in the Peninsula by creating the kingdom of Italy ; in Germany by causing the disappearance of 253 inde pendent States." We must be allowed to express our opinion that the present French Emperor is a far more discreet and disinterested politician than the founder of his dynasty ever was. The kingdom of Italy that the First Napoleon created was some thing very different from the present monarchy of Victor Emmanuel. Napoleon I. gave the name of " Italian kingdom" to Milan, Venice, and Bologna, but even that fraction of the Peninsula he placed under the rule of his stepson, while Turin, Florence, Lucca, Rome, and Naples obeyed the sway of his several relatives, and the whole Peninsula was only a vast appendage of the French Empire ; while if in Germany the great conqueror me diatized 253 minor Princes, he at the same time fol lowed up the old policy of Louis X . IV. by deali ng a deathblow to the empire, and setting up that score or so of petty Kings and Grand Dukes who bartered the independence of their fatherland for the paltry diadems with which a foreign despot tempted their ambition. The system of the First Nap o l eon , b e i t said with the good leave of his illustrious nephew, was in perfect opposition to that which the spirit of our age is visibly developing. lt aimed at making France a sun, with all the nations of the Continent revolving around it as planets and satellites. Per haps extreme veneration for the great man's ideas at first inclined the present Emperor to follow in his footsteps, and it is to that feeling that we are in debted for the Peace of Zurich, for the projected protectorate of France over the Latin races, and the scheme for claiming the Mediterranean as a French lake. But the Third Napoleon, we repeat, is a far more practical, less absolute and inflexible man than the First. He recognises the " irresistible power which impels peoples to unite themselves in great masses," and he consents, not to a sham king dom of Italy or a counterfeit Confederation of the Rhine, but to a genuine united Italy and a united Germany on a footing of equality with France, and claiming " freedom of alliances." It is on this in dependence of action, not on the subserviency of small States to a Central Empire, that France now relies for the fulfilment of the destinies of the world ; for the Emperor favours us with a lesson of statistics and geography no less than of history, and reckons that at the head of 40 millions in France, 37 in Germany, 35 in Austria, 26 in Italy, and 18 in Spain, he may at any time be equal to the 100 millions which the monster empire in the East and the monster republic in the west may within a cen tury muster up on either side to the detriment of the liberties of Europe. That mere hint at the vast growing power of Russia and America, and their possible co-operation in the forthcoming crisis of the Ottoman empire, constitutes the most serious point in the Emperor's Circular, although it greatly qualifies his sanguine expectations about " the appearance of the European horizon cleared of all menacing eventualities." Should Europe, as it is by no means improbable, he called upon to dispose of that Eastern question which once more looms so ominously before her in the distance, we shall, no doubt, have good reason to congratulate ourselves that " the nations of Central Europe should not re main parcelled out into so many different States, without strength and without public spirit." What the Emperor here unfolds is sound, generous, as well as provident policy; it is in this mere glimpse of the possibility of a federation of the Western and Central European States in any emergency arising from Eastern complications that lies the real import ance of this singular diplomatic document. Were the hour of need at any time to come, the Emperor might find out th a t i t was hardly fair, if, as we are unwilling to. believe, it had been intentional to leave England altogether out of the future European con cert by him so cleverly planned. England, in all probability, the Emperor thought, he was always sure to have with him. The present Circular only takes into consideration the modifications intro duced into the balance of power on the continent. Between England and France there is nothing changed. There are hardly any questions in the West of Europe, and absolutely none in the East, in which these two countries would not, in any con tingency, be called upon to act with as perfect an accord as they did at the time of the Crimean war. Far from feeling hurt, we are not even surprised at the omission of England's name in M. de Lava lette's Note. There is nothing in its contents that could naturally suggest the mention of this country. Nothing has occurred for many years to cause any estrangement between Great Britain and the Sove reign who, if he has- been consistent in anything, has been decidedly so in his earnest desire to be at peace and amity with the nation in the midst of which he lived so long, and with whose character he became so intimately acquainted. Neither, on the other hand, do we feel inclined to put any sinister construction upon what the Emperor says about the " irresistible power which impels peoples to unite themselves in great masses by causing the disappearance of minor States," or about " an nexations dictated by an absolute necessity of unit ing to the country populations having the same customs, the same national spirit as ourselves." The Emperor has in repeated instances given the best assurance of his good will towards the King of the Belgians, and of his friendship and gratitude to the Swiss Republic. He, we feel sure, harbours no evil thoughts against the independence of those inoffen sive no less than defenceless neighbours. To impute such designs to him is almost as wicked as it would be on his part to entertain them. DAILY NEWS.—Whatever difference of opinion may exist on other points, it will be gene ra ll y ad mitted that the Circular which bears the name of the Marquis de Lavalette is one of the ablest State papers with which the French Foreign-office has of late years enriched diplomatic literature. We have evidently in this document the most mature thoughts of the Emperor of the French. The occasion was too serious to admit of any delegation of responsi bility. In form the Circular is an expla na ti on , of French policy to the representatives of the E mp i re abroad. In reality the Imperial writer throughout addresses the French people, to reconcile them to results which are in no sense the result of French policy, but which, on the contrary, are distinctly opposed to expectations not long since expresse,l by M. Drouyn de l'Huys, the Emperor's late Minister for Foreign Affairs. The Circular is a review of the state of Europe as modified by the recent war, in troductory to the conclusion of the French Govern ment that there is nothing in the changes which have taken place to require France to take up arms. When 1 the conclusion it se lf i s so sat i s f actory we a re dis pensed from the necessity of examining minutely the considerations from which it is drawn. Neverthe less, it is but fair to ac k now l e d ge t h at man y of those considerations are of a very exa lt e d kind, and fa r more wise, just, a n d lib era l t h an muc h that we have had to read du r i ng th e l ast two mon ths in the French journals unfriendly to the Emperor. Th e doctrine that the grea t ness o f F rance d oes net r e ; quire that her neighb ours s h ou ld b e en f ee bled, anu that the real balance of power will be attained when „ the wishes of the natio ns o f E urope are satisfied, 1s .. infinitely nobler than an y political utterances r have . had fro m M. F orca d e, or expec t f r om I n . ' liners. The Circul ar represents t h e foreign 13°,11 of the Empire at it s l o fti est h e i g h t. It m ight easy to show historically that the generous compla cency which pervades it has not always been th e . actuating sentiment of the Imperial Governmentklr its dealings with its neighbours ; nor, on the other hand, is it necessary to ascribe to its declarationeh; scope which there is no reason to suppose was in the intentions of the author. If the Emperor were long' ing forward i n t o th e f uture, and lay i ng down of ciples to guide a R egen t d ur i ng t h e m i nor ity of w son, he could hardly bequeath a more valuable legal than the pacific principles of foreign policy exPr esa in this Circular. I n f ac t, h owever, i t i s a strictly. occasional address, skilf u ll y a d apte d to th e feeb e g s , and requirements of the hour. As such, it is nun", stood and welco me d i n E urope. I t h as been re marked in this co un t ry th a t no ment i on i s made °f ~ England in this Circ u l ar , an d we expec t e very u a ' a to receive from ou r correspon d ent at Wi es b a den t i t comments of his German friends on the omission' a l may be pointed out, ho wever , that the Imp erial writer is professedly discu ss i ng th e territorial a r.. , rangements of th e C ont i nent as t h ey form erg affected France, and as they have been altered 1 r the recent Prussian v i c t or i es . W e h a d no partial' 0 interest in the maintenance of the Duchy of 1%1 35 ° 1 and the Electorate of H esse , or those other int er l arrangements of Germany which the Emperor fo b , so irksome, and which he is glad to see reformed 4 the aggrandisement of P russ i a . W e did no t belong ~ that great coalition which it seems is only just broke' up, but which we had thought was effectually 61 ., e ; stroyed at least ten years ago; and so we escape exul t cism. If, however, any are disposed to insist ~tba , England ought to have been referred to in this Abe cular, perhaps they may find satisfaction in 0 %, remark, which can only be intended for UR, that . e the Baltic, as in the Mediter r anean, are growl% up navies of the second rank, w hi c h ar e favourab l e to the freedom of the seas." The freedom 0f ' i n seas is eminently a British interest. How far it w be promoted by the Prussian B a ltic fleet, which wag ao yesterday put out of commissi on or by the It alia fleet, which is in a case to require reco nstructi on, remains to be seen. The most serious o bstaclee . : bl the freedom of the seas are the foolish ideas ah e boured by jealous politicians who have not been oia `to comprehend that every State re q uires fre ed t of commercial exchange for the development ° l l , io interests. The Emperor of the French has sue a l, himself personally superior to thi s prejudi▪ ce , h i o though he has not been able to give full effect te „, e , enlightened convictions in the legislation of Bra' 4 A , e note .on It is satisfactory from this point of view to conclusion of a treaty of commerce and navlg a rif i. securing to British vessels in Prussia the same P r o leges as are enjoyed by Prussian vessels in the P e al, e of this country. If there is any State whi▪ ch dis French Circular is calculated at first glance 0 , 0 quiet, it is perhaps Belgium. The E m perorobs e , that the secondary States of Europe are disaPPi ear to ing before the tendency of the peoples to % c if themselves in great masses in order to place t i.o , common interests under more efficacious gual:an' t i p . This is a mere remark, nothing more, and it is .e a ve a factoryto observe that the reasons which are ass i g no t for the recent absorption of smaller States d.° ar e apply in this case. Both France and Prussia' ian too powerful to require the destruction of Beg to o nationality for their own aggrandisement, an.'„ i o • just to make the Belgian people feel that theirs terests are not sufficiently protected by the ir institutions and the public law of Europe. ter 4the 5. 6. COUNTRY MARKETS. LIVERPOOL—TUESDAY. f At this day's market there was a good attendanc e ° town and country trade, but no good disposition tfaiol was evinced. Wheat, with a slow sale, fully no l i n „ t iveli its value. Flour was in good request, being rem - a on cheap, and may be quoted Is. per sack and barrel dear jot the week. Oat and oatmeal were very scarce, an d lots offering brought quite extreme prices. Barley per 601 b. and peas 2s. per qr. dearer, with a good Idiot Beans, however, were without change iu valuc• pco corn was in limited request, and prime mixed mt . gh' bo at boon bought at 275. 6d. to 275. 9d. per 4801 b., being 6d. per qr. cheapor on the week. MARKET HARBOROUGII.—TuEsDAY. di There was a small supply of wheat ; trade ruled ot e so s lcl and late rates improved is per qr. Barley scarce, g° d r ice; at higher rates. Oats also scree, and brought th e P of last week. r 5 6 Old white wheat, 54s to 58s ; new red. 48s to 546 50 0. stone. Barley, fine, 41s ; other kinds, 28s to 38s Per e la Oats, now, 22s to 32s ; old, SOs to 34s per qr. Be arisl 46s to 50s ; new, 48s to 50s per qr. LEEDS—TUESDAY. gh the The show of grain this week is not large. Alt h°llB f ed demand for wheat to-day is not great, still prices are r i e d steady, and millers have to give quite last Tuesday o ' and to supply their wants. Barley at present very so r o ap realises is. per qr. more money. Oats and beans ,t well sold. LYNN—TUESDAY. - r With wheat the market was tolerably supplied. (3:31,r1d qualities the trade was firm at advancing rates.°4t; scarce, and changed hands at full currencies. were a New w poorh eat, shs2sow, to 53s ; and madnee w red, 48s to late rates • 50s; old f 54s to 56s ; old red, 49s to 51s per 36 stone. Bari o W for malting, 37s to 40s ; secondary, 28s to 30s. (,-; 5-7 170 ,81 23s to 25s per 24 stone. Beans, small, 47s to 4 0. 36s to 40s per 28 stone. - GAINSBOROUG-11—TUESDAT. Our market was moderately supplied with whot per 4 , There was a tolerably improved trade at quit° : Il ighe" in favour of the seller. Barley scarce, and prc" Oats sold at fully late rates. Beans dear. BRISTOL—TUESDAY. An d At our market to-day there was a good attenG l , 4ll g, Alit about usual business done, at prices for wheat ° L , is. r e m 2s. per qr. above this day week. Barley and iraLz`c i wari ,- qr. dearer. Oats quiet, and new Irish tending do Beans and peas dull. 0 SITEFFIELD—TUESDAY. r %W h oa There was a moderate supply of wheat at 011- ne y t , :,,,1 to-day, which changed hands at rather more 1 3,, t ) d ispno last Tuesday. Barley in fair show, and steadq v i v 0 of at is per qr advance. Oats firm. Beans rell' - ' 0 1 full rates. d to g" ° J Red wheat, per load of 3 imp. bushels 200 0, 0 0 o j White do do 2"B U n a ,i 0 ! 04 New red do I g s v... 20 , j do ..• • Od 0, New white do Beans do Peas, per qr. Grinding barley, per qr do do ...... : 2 3 0 4 1 8 00 ,50 o ° o l 43 4 2 1 10 1 0d ri ° : 1 Maltinebarley, a o 3O 0,.. vs Oats, do 278 Od F10ur....1s 10d to 2s od per 141 b, a riv o '"Ei [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment, jd to Beware of Changes.—Fow persons can w ith ro ni °al" ) withstand the many changes from dry to Wet, f- 0 . - 0 , sultry, which characterise our present sur ara g .oSilia , throat, influenza, bronchitis, diarrlicea, and el— rd bility are only a few of the complaints no w , oiofr„eg which may be set aside by rubbing Hollowg twice a day over the throat, chest, or abdomoolis the seat of mischief as possible, and taking '"• fi lsg . ,,st wardly, not with the view of purging but of 1 31 • 1 1 .1 treitt' i r regulating. This well-known and easy mode 0 .40,,,0 sll w " se will shortly after its first employment chec; nd reoc able symptoms, secure coolness and comfort, invalid from danger. GIBBS —On the 18th i 10, Sussex -9111 , : r e t o nst Birt h s. :at. g h il t e i j o B ; park, the wife of G. L. M. Gibbs, Esq., a : IC g r ' KNAPP—On the 16th inst., the wife of CePt tull —xi ,n 59, Boulevard Haussmann, Paris, of a son' , 003. 61)3' M I x ' , Dr Mrs. A B Y . — 3l Z :bu n t a h y e , 0 1 f 7 a th da i u n g st, te a r t Coorabo: 11 ; wio 0 _ I I ' STEPHEN—On the 16th inst., at P . enshurs, F. Stephen, Esq., barrister-at-law, of a 001. Marriages.oho}, ish GRANDY—BAND —On the 13th inst., at the PaL, gasde' eldest son S of uffe j l e k u , t. F ..o re o d t eri G c ra L ii . dy ßra of ndg e t a li ve O rw .Bt e t c ,, ii -O c t land, and late Scots Fusilier Guards, to Viand, rea,'"drovt Emily, eldest daughter of the Rev C. B. P c.- Combo Raleigh, Devonshire, and of llookei B ' ll , 4 ore Somersetshiro. DINGWALL—G EEvEs ct Go or Mu' to' Church, Borough, George Dingwall, of , f t uoi g Holborn, to Mary Geeves, second daughter o S. Geeves, of Bedford. " Deaths. or°, Vali' On the 14th inst., al .".•,(fie-roie, CosTLEv—On the 16th inst., at 6, Fitzwilliagt-VB3. 1,0 lin, Gen. Costley, ILAIE.'s Indian Arms' ag e ' CD ° . s—On the 17th inst., EVAN „oh Evans, Esq., aged 71. et VO W c lo ' FAULKNER—On the 17th inst., at Wood-green, ' i i DO Esq., late of 1, Bedford-row, aged 75. ter, PRADEL—At 1 Norfelk-roda Villas Baysio d g 6. t o , Sarah Ann, Comtosse D'Esteve do 'Praclel, god rorto°oo SKEY —On the 18th inst., at 41, Baker-5tre0,,,,0 F a sq n t i l i a l re n , sp D ec r t . or- Joseph Gone Inspector-General eoyf, Armylate to 1 7 1 94. V. TICE—On the 16th inst at Wickham Mario:i t ' p; at Kenninit'on-cress, ~ Tice, Esq., aged 65. WILLOUGHBY—On the 15th inst., at Fulmer' 0 0% PllhYossipciit'lanls, 8:::ti3o111:0, Sir J. P. Willoughby, Bart f Baldou n° ' ~ shire. L ll4pi London : Printed and Publishe d b y WILA. ' of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TMS Snri CO Strand, In the Precin ct of tie Savoy, ta,, - ZdiddlolleX.—Wednesday , Sept ember 19, 1811' A Om the of i let Die o'cl the iii due In bon lasi Lair bet, fort An ] eacl pot lrot wit