The Sun. — London, England, 1848-08-03 00:00:00

that one fixed amount of notes out of the custody of the Lank, and in the hands of the public, will at all times produce the same effect, and will be governed by the same laws. Unless this proposition be true, the uniform and fixed rules of the Act of 1844 can hardly be justi fied. It seems to have been on this principle alone that the following evidence of Mr. S. J. Loyd has been given. lie was asked whether, in consequence of the low state of the reserve in 1847, the Bank were not constrained to put a very heavy pressure on cosamereial accommodation. He answers— " I totally deny that fact, and I appeal to the published returns is support of the denial. .At the very moment spoken of, the total amount of securities in the hands of the Bank was 31,000,0001., and the total amount of the private securities was 20,000,000 i., an amount almost, I believe, altogether without a precedent. Therefore I cannot understand how any person can say that at that time, the Bank of England was putting a severe pressure upon the mercantile world, when, in point of fact, the notes in the hands of the public were to an amount almost unexampled, and whilst the amount of accommodation given to the public by the Bank in the form of discounts, wsn an amount which I believe had never been known before." It would appear that in this answer, Mr. Jones Loyd looks mainly to the numerical amount of notes issued by the Bank, and assumes that the accommodation possessed by the public may be measured by that amount, and by the corresponding securities in the hands of the Balk. Oa considering the evidence given before the committee this will be shown to be a defective standard. This in ference may be drawn from the following evidence of Mr. Horsley Palmer. "In answer to some questions that were put to you with respect to the amount of notes issued by the Bank rout the month of October, 1847, you stated to the Committee upon a previous occasion the amount of notes then out. But is it not the fact that that is not the mea sure of their activity in the market ? Was not a consi derable portion of the issue in October, 1847, an issue rather for the purpose of precaution and reserve than for active circulation in the country ?—I belie►e, from the best opinion I can form, that there were nearly 0 00,0001. of notes issued merely for the maintenance of credit, and not required for circulation." . The Governor of the Bank, whilst fully confirming the fact stated by Mr. Loyd, draws a distinction in rotation Lo the notes out of the hands of the Bank, which esta blishes the principle which the Committee are now inves tigating. It was not that there was an insufficient amount of accommodation +_iven to the public, but that the public were hoarding notes ; bankers would not part with their money, and country bankers bud a large amount of notes sent down to them. Mr. Norman draws the same distinction. He states, in reference to this period, that the amount of the cir culation was high, at least much higher than on many former occasions ; but the panic occasioned much hoarding. Therefore it diminished the amount of paper that was actually- in circulation, and diminished the activity and efficiency of the circulation?—The spirit of hoarding di minished the efficiency of the circulation. This spirit of hoarding. as it has been termed, refers to the necessity under which every banker or commer cial man finds himself in times of internal discredit and alarm. lie is compelled in prudence to increase his re s-rvas, and then to withdraw notes from active circula tion. This obvious fact is stated by AIL Loyd in reply to the question:— " Does not such a state of disturbance of public confi dence necessitate au increase of the reserves which all men under great pecuniary engagements must keep in order to answer those engagements ?—ln a period of disturbed confidence the reserves of bankers are aug mented." Tho experience of Mr. Samuel Gurney leads him to the adoption of the same principle, and his calculation of its practical results in 1847 carries him even beyond the conclusions of Mr. Palmer. When you say that a diminution in the amount of the reserve in the Bank and of the bullion in the Bank occasions scarcity, it only occasions scarcity inasmuch as it obliges the Bank to diminish its accommodation to the public ?—Clearly. But I would go on to say, that seve ral causes began to operate upon the rapid riso in the value of money. (I am now speaking of August, October, and November.) The failures began to take place in August. The number of failures in each week was increased, and was at last followed by a considerable panic. The effect of that panic was to cause very gene ral distrust, and a gradual running down of the reserved fund of the bank as well as of the bullion. After u little time people began to think, under the influence of this panic, how are we to get circulating medium ? And the wealthy and more powerful took care very largely to over-provide themselves, and drew upon the reserves of the Bank infinitely beyond the real necessities of the case. The consequence was that the amount of notes in the hands of the public amounted to nearly 21,000,0001.; and I have not the slightest doubt that at that period at least from four to five millions sterling of the notes issued were locked up and inoperative, in consequence of tiro alarm and of a fear of nut being able to get bank notes at all." Oa a subsequent day Mr. Gurney confirmed thi s evidence, and described in a very striking manner the contrast which exists between the effects of a smaller amount of Bank-notes in times when no alarm exists and a t tic It larger amount during a period of discredit. " I wish to call the attention of the Committee to the :act, that at the end of October of last year the amount or Bank notes in the hand's of the Bank was 20,800,0001. A.:: that period there was great difficulty in getting pos- F.-..siion of Bank-notes in the money-market. This arose from the alarm of not being able to get them in conse q , ante of the restriction of the Act of 1840. At present atnottnt of Bank-notes in the hands of the public, cc vordim; to the return in the last Gazette, is 17,700,0001., bit there being now no commercial alarm whatever it is much bi-yond what is required. There is no banking hott-ie or money-dealer in London but what has a larger amount of Bank-notes than they can use." (To be continued.) CO URT CIRCULAR. OSBORNE, WEDNESDAY. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness, accompanied by. the Royal Fdinily, walked early this morning in the grountli at Osborne. Lieutenant-Colonel Seymour left Osborne yesterday, and ws.s succeeded in his duties as Equerry to the Prince by Colonel Wylde. Colonel the Hon. C. B. Phipps has succeeded General IV emyss as Equerry to the Queen. The royal dinner party yesterday included Colonel and Lady Catherine Harcourt and Mr. Granville Ver non, the Hon. Mrs. Phipps, and Lady Lyttelton. her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge, at tended by Lady Augusta Cadogan and Mr. Edmond Mildmay, honoured the performance at her Majesty's Theatre, on Thursday evening, with her presence. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon, at the Foreign-office. The Ministers assembled at half past two o'clock. There were present Lord John Russell, the Lord Chancellor, the Marquis of Lans downe, the Earl of Hint°, Sir George Grey, Viscount Palmerston, Earl _Grey. the Chancellor of the Ex chequer. the Earl of Auckland, Sir John Hobhouse, the Right Hon. H. Labouchere, Lord Campbell, and the Marquis of Clanrioarde. Viseount Morpeth arrived and joined his colleagues at four o'clock. The Council sat three hours. A deputation, consisting of the Lord Mayor, Mr. Deputy Peacock, Mr. Deputy Hayward, Mr. Deputy Harrison, Mr. H. L. Tayler, Mr. Kemp, the City Remembrancer, Mr. Dew, and Mr. Hayward, had an in terview wit* Viscount Morpeth yesterday, at the office of her Majesty's Commissioners of Woods and Forests, in Whitehall-place. Lord Monteagle had an interview with the Chancellor of - the Exchequer on Tuesday, at his official residence in Downing -street. LOYAL UNITED FRIER:Mi.—On Monday evening the adjourned meeting of the members of the No. 45 and 46 Gift Fund, to consider the newly-revised articles, took place in the British Schoolroom, Cowper-street, City-road. P.S.P. Allen presided on the occasion, and was supported by, amongst other members of the revising committee, Friends Burgess, Goold, Meacham, Delivett, Fawcett, Chulow, Burns, Smart, and Deffee. Secretary Savage resumed the business by reading the 7th article, when, after a few words from the Chairman, the same r.ais adopted by the ineeting. The remaining articles were submitted to the members, and, after some slight dizaussion, severally resolved upon. Messrs.• Burgess, Geoid, Stevens, and Austin were the principal speakers, and, with the exception of a disposition of attempt to create confusion by two men of the name of Crew, and a slight altercation between Friend Cole and the Chair man, the business was very peaceably conducted. Five pounds were voted to the committee for their indefati gable exertions (a sum much below what they should iv° had), and two pounds to Secretary Savage for the important services he had rendered. After a rote of thanks to the chairman, the meeting broke up. It is folly expected that the new rules and regulations of this flourishing gift; fund, containing nearly 1,400 members, and having 1,3502 stock, will give great satisfaction; at least, such was the desire of the committee to effect. • The earliest indications of the wheat harvest in this neighbourhood have shown themselves in Low Farness, where Mr. J o h n C row , o f L eece , an d M r . J o h n Ashburner, of Gleaston-p ar k, h ave a l rea d y cut cro p s that the c a r re excellent both in qua n tity an d qua li ty . I n d ee d ,crops generally in th a t ti ne corn di strict are d escr ib e d t. be of the most abundant character, and would have produced mo re damage done than an average yield but for some slight zaine locality, b y the recent tempest. Turnips, in the y a w re said to have made great progress since the c,lbouevdor io ea o t k her commenced, and potatoes, upon the whole looked better', although the disease has shown itself in s ome instances. A t A rmat h wa i te, near Carlisle, on a fiel d he of tilt, Mr. C. Dixo n , o f D r y Beck, seared abundant h crop i-a barley , w hi c h y i e ld e d an Pueque. good seasonable eo n di t i on .— C um b erland Yesterday her Majesty's Government offered a Secretary, reward of 501., Sir G. Jig , the esty's f r e e pardon taking to procure her y, under complice, not being the person wbopardon for any ac ignited the gunpowder, for such inf actually placed or lead to the discovery of the parties airswiiraoat as shall blow up tke premises Of Messrs. Pownall and led to King-street, Bolton, on Wednesday mor • 'max, in morning l ast. It seems the premises are occupied as a weaving factory. The miscreants, in order to effect their object, cut a hole in the panel of the door, through which a tin case, sup . posed to have contained about 101 b. of gunpowder, was inserted, connected with a fusee, which was ignited from the outside. The explosion forced the windows out of the building, destroyed a number of the looms and a large quantity of cloth, and otherwise seriously injured the building and property. IMPORTATIO N OP IRON PROM CRINA.—We find that a ship just arrived in the docks from Canton and Hong-Kong has brought 2,243 bars of iron as 2 portion of her cargo. ...• TIIE NEW NOVEL, THE DISCIPLINE of LIFE, IS PUBLISHED THIS DAY, By Mr. Colburn, 13, Great Marlborough-street, And may be had at all the Libraries. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. Aidlle. JENNY LIND. By Special Desire. The Nobility, Patrons to the Opera, and the Public are respectfUlly informed that a GRAND EXTRA NIGHT will take place THIS EYENING, en which occasion Mdlle. JENNY LIND will appear as ELYIRA, in Bellini's Opera id* I PURITANI. To conclude with the admired Ballet Divertissement, entitled LE JUGEMENT DE PARIS. The Pine List is suspended, the public Press excepted. Pit Tickets may be obtained as usual at the Box-office of the theatre, price 10s. Gd. each, where applications Mr Boxes, Pit Stalls, and Tickets are to be made. Doors open at half-past Seven. and commence at Eight o'clock. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Under the Management of Mr. It. Webster. sole Lessee. THIS EVENING. Will be performed THE MYSTERIOUS STRANGER. ♦fter which, the Burlesque, entitled TAMING A TARTAR. Count Cracovieninski, Mr. Worrell ; Kickerwhiski, Mr. Paul Bed ford ; Mazourki, Mr. Wright ; Ivan, Mr. Manyard ; Monsieur Cou pee, Mr. C. J. Smith ; Strelenski, Mr. Cullenford ; Countess Craeo vieninskl, Miss Woolgar; Mazourka, Madame Celeste. To conclude with the original farce, called HOW TO SETTLE AUCttUNT:7, IVITII YOUR LAUNDRESS. %Vhittlngton Widgette, Mr. Wright; Jack Brown, Mr. Vinyard; Squibb, Mr. Redmond Ryan; Mary White, Miss Woolgar; Mdlle. Cherry Bowleg, Mlss E tuna Harding. I'USNCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Lessee. Mr. John Mitchell. 33, Old Bond-street. M. ALCIDE TOLTSEZ'S BENEFIT. Lest Night of the Season. TO-MORROW EVENING, . The Entertainments will commence at half-part Seven o'clock when Will be performed LE LION ET LE RAT. To be followed by PHILTRE CHAMI'ENOIS. After which HENRIETTE ET CHARLOT. To conclude with LA SCEUR DE JOCRISSE. During the Evening God Save the Queen will be sung by the Corn. nany, assisted by Mr. and Mrs. Lea, of the Theatre Royal, Drury• lane, and Mr. C. Braham. 4;oxex, be. ; .Pit, 3s. W.; Amphitheatre, as. ; Gallery. 2s Boxes and Stalls play be obtain , :d at Mr. 311tchell's Royal Library, 3 1. Old Bond-street. ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. ILOBERT HOUDIN continues to attract crowded and fashionable audience.; at the St. James's Theatre. to witness his extraordinary and original SOIREES FANTASTIQUES, which, on account of his provincial engagements, must Unavoidably terminate at the end of next week ; the remaining performances will be arranged in the following order THIS EVENING. and SATURDAY EVENING. During the ensuing week Robert Houdin will have the honour of givi;g Six Representations oa Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Sa turday Evenings, commencing at Half-past Eight; and Two Hay Performances, en Wednesday and Friday Mornings, commencing at Halt•past Two. ♦ Grand Farewell Morning Performance, on Mon day, August 14. Boxes and Stalls may be secured at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, 33. Old Borel-street. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Under the direction of3tr. Kerschner. Engegeraent of Mrs. FITZWILIJAM and Mr. RUCKSTONE, for Twelve Nights. THIS EVENING will be performed JOSEPHINE, THE CHILD OF THE REGI MENT, in which Mrs. Fltzwlllitim and Mr. Buckstone will perform. Atter which, a Comic Drama, called A ROUGH DIAMOND, in which Mrs. Fitzwilliam and Mr. Buckstone will *COM. • Te conclude with THE IDIOT OF THE MILL. Manager and Treasurer, Mr. B. S. Fairbrether. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. Iritsball's new and completely successful Spestacio. Unparalleled Equestrian Feats. THIS EVENING, Will be performed, the new brilliant Spectacle. founded on Sir Walter Scott's celebrated poetical Romance, and entitled MAR MION ; or, The Battle of Flodden Field. To be followed by the inimitable EQUESTRIAN and GYMNAS TIC EXERCISES in the ARENA. To conclude with a Grand Pageant, entitled LADY GODIVA AND PEEPING TO.I OF COVENTRY; or, Clearing the Toll. Box-ofllce open from Eleven till Five. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. Attraction unprecedented. JULLIEN and his UNRIVALLED BAND. GRAND MONSTRE CONCERT. New Quadrille, composed expressly for the Gardens. Continuation of the Engagement of Miss HUDDA_RT. Engagement of MISS kIARA. FLOWER. The DAYLIGHT VIEW of ROME, by Denson. Superb and Unique MENAGERIE. Grand Display of FIREWORKS, by the Messrs. Southby. No Extra Charge. MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, . THURSDAY, and FRIDAY. View of Rome —Promenade Concerts, Yocal and Instrumental, conducted by Mons. JULLIEN, whose splendid Band of Solo Per tbrmers includes Messrs. Baker, Barrett. Bauman, George and Viotti Collins, Cioffl, Collinet, Koenig, Lazartv, Richardson, Sonnenberg, Scc.—Two Solos each Evening. —Several favourite Songs by Miss Sara Flower and Miss Huddart during the Evening.—Also to be seen, during the day, the beautiful 31enagerie—Shakspere's House—The Magic Bridge—and other novelties will be exhibited, the whole concluding with a most magnificent and not to be rivalled cllsplas i of Fireworks, by the Messrs. Southby, representing' the Girandola during the Holy Week at Rome. %late' open at Ten ♦.x..- Feeding Time Five—Jullien's Concert at Six—Fireworks at Half-past Nine. Admission. as usual, One Shilling. TO CORRESPONDENTS. No communication can be attended to unless autheati Listed by the name and address of the writer. Rejected communications cannot be returned. TIIE WEATLIER.—SoN OFFICE, AUGUST 3. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 51; Highest, 67 ; Noon, 68 . BAROMETER, 29.9. WIND S.S.W. ; morning. heavy showers ; afternoon, cloudy. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DIY. Morning .. 31 min. after 4 I Evening .. 49 min. after 4 T. 4 - yi ~,dir .„ o t • . ~0 aui , , , „ • . = . _._•„........ . _ , S. ~7 i' - • ,:. , , , c ~ ► ~ _ l' Di - 4v 4 , . 4fr . _ - w - ` Obiening 2‘)lttt LONDON, THURSDAY: AUGUST 3, 1142. LATEST FROM IRELAND. DUBLIN, WEDNESDAY EVENING. The accounts received this morning state that the mid-day mails from the south brought no intelligence of the movements of the rebel leaders, All was re ported quiet. Lord Hardinge was to leave Dublin this day or to- morrow for Tipperary. The 75th Regiment had received orders to march forthwith from Kilkenny to Callan. Thurles is being reinforced by a detachment of the 43d. A demi-battery of artillery had moved from Pilltown to Clonmel, and that stationed at Waterford had marched to Pilltown. The Birkenhead, with a reinforcement of 250 ma rines, was to leave Kingstown for Waterford yesterday afternoon. Callan, on Tuesday night, was quiet. The military continued, in occupation of Ballingarry. Dr. Karin had been arrested that morning at Kilkenny. The following has been received from the Electric Telegraph Company : "DUBLIN, AUGUST 2, 5.50. P.M. The country, according to the reports of the guards of the train which arrived this afternoon from the south, continues perfectly quiet. " Two more arrests took place in Dublin this day. —C. Taffee, Esq., barrister-at-law, President of the Swift Confederation Club, and T. Walter Mayler, President of the Citizen Club, both of whom are com mitted to Newgate. " Dublin never was more tranquil." (From the Pilot.) The following arrests hive taken place in Gal way :—C. Rochford, attorney ; John Blake, editor of the .Galway Vindicator 4 , and Geoghagan, gun smith. (From the Dublin Evening Mail.) It was generally rumoured last evening, that O'Brien, Meagher, and Reilly, had succeeded in em. barking on board a vessel in Galway, which. was Gu the point of sailing for America. • DUBLIN FUNDS, Aup. 2.—Three per Cent. Consols 80-/ to ; Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Stock 86} to 1. No certain intelligence has been received from. Ire land respecting the movements of the rebel chiefs. There are of course a variety of rumours, none of which, however, appear to rest on sufficient founda tion to entitle them to any degree of credence. The statement that SMITH O'Baiaa had established a camp on the side of Slievenamon Mountain, and that some thousands of the peasantry still remained under his command, which was yesterday communicated by electric telegraph, appears to be wholly untrue. The defeat at Boulagh Common on Saturday last was too decisive, and too clearly exhibited the folly of an undisciplined, unofficered, and badly armed mob attempting to oppose a well-organized band, although far inferior in point of numbers, to render it probable that any serious resistance would be offered to the powerful force of military and police now concentrated upon , the disturbed districts. Trifling contests may is e ; , place in order to favour the escape of the fugiti alders, but the rebellion has been practi ca lly s up , and the dark and threatening clouds that red over the poli tical hori zon have been' s 'Completely- (ll* 'Tile peopl e are now told that they must ben storm eventuallyun til r i ein t g b a as blown over, and that Ireland wil l e SHEA. L A ox, a her prop e r a ttit u d e . S o sa y s M r . prominentooti vry e member of the Young Ireland party, ne f few who now ventures to address the clubbists, and there is no reason to doubt that the prudent advice will be followed by the latter. Mr. LALOR, however, appears to reckon without his host in supposing that the hurricane, as he terms it, will so speedily pass away. It will in its progress purify the atmosphere from the treason taint by which it has so long been polluted, and carry with it the hopes of those who fancied that Ireland could exist as a separate republic, and that they could with impunity renounce the allegiance they owed to the SOYERZIGN of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Much, however, now depends on the manner in which Government will fellow up the victory they have attained. The clubs, which clearly were the hot-beds of treason, in which the arrange ments for the rebellion were concluded, have dissolved themselves. Care trust be taken that they shall not be re-established under any pretext whatever. The arms which were purchased with so much ostentation must be surrendered to the proper authorities appointed to receive them, before any relaxation whatsoever can be permitted. A strict surveillance must be kept over those who, by their connexion with the principal traitors, have afforded too strong a presumption of their own participation in the guilty designs now happily exposed and de tected ; and if a necessity should arise, the pro visions of the recent Act should be freely brought into operation. It will be an act of kindness to the misguided individuals them selves to withdraw them for a time from the opportunity of committing mischief or implicating themselves still more deeply than is at present the case. It would have been fortunate for Messrs. O'BarEN and MEAGHEE if verdicts according to the evidence had been returned by the juries who tried them. If that had been the case, they would now, in place of being proscribed fugitives with large rewards offered for their apprehension, be undergoing a tem porary imprisonment only. They escaped moderate punishment in consequence of the admission of sym pathising confederates to the jury -box, and have now exposed themselves to the extreme penalty of the law if justice should not be tempered with mercy, and the sentence of death exchanged for perpetual banishment. How far superior is the condition of JOHN MITCHEL ' the prime instigator of the rebellion, to that of his still more unfortunate associates. The approaching trial at the commission, which will be opened in Dublin on Monday next, will in dicate in some degree how far a healthy tone has been restored to society in Ireland. The law officers of the Crown, in the discharge of their important duties, will doubtless take every proper precaution to guard against a failure of justice. No person who is at all supposed to have been implicated in the treasonable practices that have taken place should be placed upon the panel, or if such persons should chance to be summoned, and should answer to their names, the prerogative of the Crown should be freely resorted to in setting them aside. Let the spirit of the instructions given by the Attorney- General on AlmHais trial be strictly adhered to. Exclude no person on account of his religion, but strike off every man who professes political opinions in accordance with those of the prisoners about to be tried, or who justifies a resort to physical force under any circumstances whatsoever. It is the good fortune, or, shall we call it, the ine vitable prerogative of some families to identify them selves in a particular manner with the history of their country; but it seldom falls to the lot of a distin guished house to associate the name of its members, individually and collectively, with the civil, military, naval, literary, and administrative genius of a whole generation. In this respect the NAPIERS stand almost without a parallel. Is the reign of the first JAMES of Scotland, according to a famous heraldic legend, the ancestor of this noble race, himself a chieftain of the ancient clan of the Black Douglass, originated by his gallantry on the battle-field the name which has of late years been rendered so celebrated by his descendants. Instead of dege nerating, the family has only been matured in vigour and ripened in intellectual strength by the lapse of centuries. To quote the chivalrous pun of the Scottish monarch, the present generation of the NAPIERs can find Nae-peers, even among the most memorable of their remote progenitors. Last evening a complimentary banquet was given by the members of the Junior United Service Club to the Conqueror of Sinde, Lieutenant-General Sir CHARLES JAMES NAPIER. Apart front all other considerations, it must have afforded a profound sense of gratification to the gallant officers in the British army to welcome back to his native land the victor in the great battles of Meanee and Hyderabad. The personal daring, the military skill, the indomitable resolution, and the imperturbable calmness displayed on those occasions by this illustrious soldier, were facts which of themselves would have been sufficient to inspire the members of the Junior United Service Club with an anxiety to greet him, soon after his arrival in England, with their cordial and fraternal congratula tions. But when it is remembered that to his bril liant services as a captain Sir CHARLES NAPIER had added the solid merits of an administrator; when it is borne in recollection that he com pleted as governor what he had commenced as conqueror, that he not only carried the prowess of our troops triumphantly over enormous hordes of the Asiatic aborigines, but that he also ensured to his , country the permanent allegiance of the population of Sinde by his wise and temperate administration—it must be acknowledged that there was sufficient reason for the enthusiasm with which Sir CRARLES was yesterday received by his gallant brothers in her MAJESTY'S service. Nor could their sen timents have been otherwise than enhanced by the presence of the Earl of ELLENROROUGH, seeing that it was during the governorship of that nobleman over the vast empire in Hindostan that Sinde was first attached to the Oriental dominions of Great Britain, and that thus the navigation of the Indus and its tributaries, a navigation extending for two thou sand miles inland, was opened to the commerce and the enterprise of the merchants of England. What we would especially wish to be understood, in connexion with this congratulatory entertainment, is that the banquet is something more than a noisy compliment. Inadequate as it may be, we would have it regarded by Sir CHARLES NAPIER himself as a genuine English welcome, a welcome coming, it is true, immediately from the lips of some sixty gen tlemen, but one which finds a responsive echo in the hearts of many thousands of the people of these realms. Powerful as the precedents may be, from NELSON and BRONTB of the Nile downwards, per• suasive as may be his own experience to the contrary, we would have Sir CHARLES NAPIER under- stand that his country is not ungrateful, but that she appreciates his eminent and splendid services, if that be possible, to their very uttermost. If slander 'and misrepresentation have been conspicuous among the returns received by the Conqueror of Sinde, for having enlarged the pos sessions of his SOVEREIGN by the acquisition of a po pulous and fertile kingdotn like that of Sinde, he must remember the supeiinr misfortunes of one who had preceded him by nearly three centuries. History has bewailed, and will continue to bewail until the end of time, the calumnies which eMbittered the glory of the Adelantado of FERDINAND of Arragon and Castile. And if the aspersions cast upon, the colonial administration of the Conqueror of Sinde were equally undeserved, there is a certain consolation in reflecting that they have been immeasurably less prejudicial to his happiness than those which gave to chains, degradation, and penury the discoverer of Guanahami. With all ear nestness, therefore, we would convey to the heart of Sir CHARLES NAPIER the consolatory conviction that his countrymen respond to the enthusiasm of the Junior United Service Club, that they appreciate his many and brilliant achievements, and that they regard hi s name at once with emotions of pride and gratitude. SPAIN. Madrid Journals of the . 27th . ult. have arrived. The extent to which the spirit of insubordination has extended in the regiments quartered at La Granja has awakened serious apprehensions. Even Niutvaxa has been compelled to give way to release the insurgents from arrest, and to promise to punish the officer who had ordered the punishment,—the attempt to inflict which had occasioned the outbreak. There has been a violent scene at he Palace between the KING-CONSORT, ChRISTINA, and MuNoz. His MAJESTY, it appears, is exceedingly angry at the banishment of his father, which he attributes to CHRISTINA, and he expressed his indignation in no very measured terms, whereupon MuNoz took upon himself to interfere, and the KING ordered him under arrest. CHRISTINA, unable to restrain her passion, boxed the KING'S ears soundly, whereupon the courtiers interfered, and the differences between the parties were patched up for the present. MADRID 130LSA, JULY 27.—The Three per Cents. 18f 5-16 cash; after Bolsa, 181 cash. Five per Cents. 10i. paper ; after Bolsa, 101 cash. Passives, 4 paper; after Bolsa, 34 cash. Coupons, 6f cash. Bank of St. Ferdinand, 50 cash ; 54 paper. Discount of notes, 41 per cent. Exchange on London at 90 days, 45 cash. PORTUGAL. By the Oriental Steam Company's ship Tagus, which arrived at Southampton yesterday, advices have been received from Lisbon to the 29th ult. The Court are at Cintra. The KING had met with an accident, having been thrown from his hors%; his forehead was' cut, but he sus tained no other injuries. The Government have commenced a crusade against the press, and almost all the Liberal and Miguelite journals are under prosecution. A Congress of Agriculturists is to be held in Lisbon during to the present month. Lisbon Bank-notes have improved; their last quoted price was about 37 per c en t. di scount . Th e exc h ange on England is—thirty days, 52i ; n i ne ty d a y s , 52g. There are magnificent crops of grain all over the country, and an abundant wine harvest is also looked fur. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. In the National Assembly on Tuesday certain inter pellations were made on the subject of the arrest of M. EMILE DE GIEANDIN, and the suspension of La Presse. The result was that the Assembly passed a vote of unlimited confidence in General CAVAIGNAC, and declared that it was not necessary for him to offer any explanations. It is quite true, as we stated yesterday, that a demand has been made by the Pro visional Government of Alilan for French intervention in the affairs of Italy. The Patrie of Tuesday says— " An envoy extraordinary from Lombardy, M. Guer rieri, member of the Provisional Government, arrived this morning in Paris, bringing news that a Committee o' Public Safety has been instituted at Milan, to ward off the dangers of the country. This body is composed of three members :—MM. Maestri and Restelli and Gen. Fanti, chosen by the Government from the Repub lican party. By this an imminent insurrection has been avoided. The armament. and levy en masse are being carried on with extraordinary activity. But on the 28th ult., in the evening, at the departure of M. Guerrieri, it was known at Milan that the Austrians were at Volta, on the right bank of the Mincio, and that for 48 hours there had not been any news of Charles Albert." The French Government are disinclined to inter vention, and beyond sending a fleet to Ancona for the protection of the Roman states, it is not probable that they will interfere. The following from the National may be consi dered as a declaration of the views of the French Government on the Italian question : " The accounts which have reached us from Italy confirm the disastrous news we have before received. After a battle which had lasted three days, the Pied montese arm has fallen back to Goito; it still, however, occupies the right bank of the Mincio us far us Peschiera. Badly commanded by General Perrone, the Lotnbardian troops surrendered. The Tuscans, it is said, did not show more firmness; and as to the Modenese, they are accused of having gone over to the enemy after killing the Savoyard general who commanded them. The numerous works of attack thrown up by the Piedtnon ' tese under the walls of Verona have been thus lost. The battering artillery has been taken and spiked. To this let us add the want of provisions, and we may fully com prehend the miserable position in which the army of Charles Albert is now placed. " It was very natural that these sad events should have produced a deep impression at Milan and at Turin. In the firmer of these cities a committee of defence has been formed to guard against the dangers which threaten the country; in the latter, the Ministry has been abruptly changed, and its successors have been chosen in such a mutter as to represent at once both Piedmont and the new provinces annexed to Sardinia. Thus M. Casati, of Milan, has been appointed President of the Council, and ho has fur his colleagues M. Colegno Pa leocapo, a Venetian, M. Rosato, M. Ricci, and M. Fareto. This new Cabinet is regarded rather unfavourably at Turin, and one of our correspondents informs us that, while be was writing, a numerous crowd were assembling to get up a demonstration against them. At the same time placards were posted up on all the walla of the city, calling on the Chamber to set asido all other business, and provide fur the necessities of the war. En passant, we may observe, that the Chamber would have cline well to have occupied themselves more with the affairs of the Austrians, and less with those of th© Dames du Sacre Cwar. " But this is no time for recrimination. Italy must be saved, and, if possible, she must save herself. How ever serious the state of affairs may be, we are from look ing on the country as lost. The resources within reach of the Italians are too great fur us to feel any uneasiness. Union, however, is necessary; it is indispensable. Let all internal contentions, all private questions, all indi vidual differences be set aside. Let Italy, Turin, and th e F a l o n e d o p e e h n a d v e e n c b e u t w o il n l e n o i d t e b a e lost. , _ Milan, Genoa, nome a , nd one object i n view, We shall almost console ourselves for this late check, if it may hare for result to put an end to these deplo rablehboyu l a d sentiment set aside of th eir their private rite com mon dissensions , and destroy those long-existing jealou sies which have compromised, and will compromise, the Italian cause more , perhaps, than the efforts of the Aus tmrioaini s dander,t hems e quarrels until peace has been achieved. Let them forget their mutual wrong s, for the moment is ill chosen to discuss them. When the enemy is at the gates, all Italy t i h ve e s. Italians UnitedU nited s should fight as one man. It is neither a King nor a Pre sident that should occupy attention, but a sword. If there be anywhere an army organized, let them rally to it; if there be a general capable of commanding, let them obey him, whencesoever he may come, and whatever name ho may bear. " While Italy is making this effort for herself, France will not remain inactive. The weight of her word will be exercised in Germany, and behind that mediation, offered and refused, will be her battalions. But once again we express our hope that there will be no occasion to deprive Italy of the honour of freeing"herselt with out foreign aid. All that is necessary is one common effort, and that her forces, instead of being weakened by being too much divided, should be concentrated so as to act with one common effect. " And now that we have stated these truths about Italy, let us be • permitted to give to Germany, in her turn, some little friendly advice. We have hailed with sympathy her military tendencies. Not to embarrass her in her emancipation, the French Republic has been careful that its policy should contain, neither directly nor indirectly, no menace of aggression, and, at the same time, a disavowal of all idea of conquest. Free in her movements Germany has gone on at her ease in constituting her unity. Let her not, therefore, attack in others the right of which she is herself so jealous. We regret to sa y, however, that for some time she h as s h own a want of respect for nationalities. That element was sacrificed in the Grand Duchy of Posen; then Schleswig was attacked; now it is Limburg that it is sought to attach to the Germanie Confedera tion. A policy of invasion appears to penetrate by degrees into Germany, and to excite much uneasiness in the public mind. What is the result of this manner of acting? It is that Panslavism is making constant pro gress, and that the Poles, so deeply irritated by the massacres of Gallicia and the occupation of Cracow in 1846, are—will it be believed? —actually rallying to the Czar, in return for certain concessions which he has made to them. Will Germany be content to see Russia increase her power, by the junction to her of all the strength of the people of Sclavoniun origin? Let her look to this. Her real enemy is not on the Adige, and, while Austria is drawing her troops from Cracow and Gallicia to attack the Milanese, 150,000 armed and well-mounted Russians are waiting in Poland, only a word from Nicholas, to cross the frontier. " It would be neither just nor politic for Germany to seek a support in St. Petersburgh. M. de Metternich could follow no other policy, but in 1848 has inaugurated a new system of European law. Absolute sovereigns assist each other; let, then, the people league together to save themselves. Italy independent, Poland free, will be sure and more profitable allies for Germany than Russia, conquering under the direction of Nicholas." Such are the views of the modeiate Republicans at present in,power in. France, but the party which owns M. TIMM acrd ODILLON BARUOT as its chiefs is not one whit more inclined to interfere in the affairs of Italy. In speaking of the mission from Milan, the Constitutionnel says—. " We , need not observe how much this isolated step is in contradistinction with the principle of fusion between Lombardy and the kingdom of Sardinia, proclaimed by the Chambers of both countries; we do not, therefore, doubt that our Government will receive these overtures with extreme reserve. iteverses cause discord amongst the best friends. While the Milancse area eeking safety elsewhere than in the Sardinian army, iscontent has also broken out at Turin, There they are complaining that the fusion treaty has thrown obstacles in the way of their own measures for public safety. The defeat at Villa Franca is attributed to the instability of the Lom bard battalions, who dragged the Tuscans along with them, whose courage had been proved at the fight a t Curtatone, and they cry out against the Modenese, who deserted to the enemy. Inconsequence they call for a suspension of all questions but that of war, and in so doing we think they are right, and we hope.all Italy will follow the example. The question of independence pre cedes and overrules that of the constitution. It i s t i me that this truth should be well comprehended. Union alone can save the country. It is said that the Duke of Genoa declines the crown of Sicily until the war o f independence be terminated. Louts MicaosLAwsrit, chief of the last Polish in surrection, has arrived in Paris. It is said that he obtained his release on the application of the French Minister at Berlin. The Bien Public says:— " It was stated yesterday, at the end of the sitting, that M. Proudhon was determined to give in his resig nation as representative of the people. After the striking reprobation with which he was stricken by a solemn vole, he thought, no doubt, that it was not per mitted to him to remain in an Assembly which branded his doctrines as injurious to morality, family - , and all the laws of society. M. Proudhon will probably appeal to the people. The two votes (including his own, no doubt) which he found last evening in the ballot of the Chamber, may cause him to have a presentment of the judgment which will be given by universal suffrage." The following letter has been addressed to the .Reforme, by the undersigned representatives of the people : " Monsieur,—We have protested from the bottom of our consciences, and with all the energy of our convic• tions, against the disastrous doctrines developed by our colleague, citizen Proudhon, but we deemed it our duty to abstain from voting on the order of the day motive. We consider that the Assembly had not a right to stig matise one of its members for an opinion made public in the national tribune, of which nothing ought to touch the inviolability. We remembered the case of the illustrious Gregoire visited by the indignity of a vote, and Manuel torn from the tribune of the Chamber of Deputies. We could not consent to join in a vote which could awaken these deplorable reminiscences. " THEODORE BAC; JOLY, sen.; MULE, Ben.; Joi.r, jun. ; ROBERT (de l'Yonne); DEYILLE ; BONJAT ; B. DETOURS ; CALES." The ilioniteur contains the decree for the regula tion of clubs. It also contains a proclamation of the Prefect of Police on the state of Paris, in which some encouraging circumstances are set forth, such as the gradual departure for their homes of operatives of the provinces, the redemption of pledges at the Mont de Piete exceeding in amount the sums lent, the dimi nution of emigration indicated at the passport-office. It appears that the number of insurgent prisoners is now 9,223. E Union gives the following :—" The commission of inquiry as to the insurrection heard yesterday the report read in its bureau. It seems certain, from what has transpired of the deliberations of this Com mittee, that MM. LEDRU ROLLIN, LOUIS BLArC, and CAUSSIDIERE, are seriously inculpated, and also other representatives. _ . The Committee deliberated yesterday on whether it should propose the trial of the representatives that the report charged as guilty of complicity, or should leave to the Assembly the iniative in the accusation. They decided to take the latter course. The Government has already commenced arrange ments for the early removal of 600 insurgents ordered to be transported. The Infanta Donna JosErnA DE BOURBON, cousin of Queen ISABELLA of Spain, has arrived in Paris, with her suite. BOURSE-PARIS, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 2. THREE o'CLoCK.—The general impression that France is on the eve of active intervention in Italy produced a great degree of heaviness at the Bourse to- day, under the influence of which all kinds gave way. There is also a great degree of uneasiness about the internal affairs of France, the feeling being that we may soon expect fur ther disturbances among the working classes, who now find that their hopes from the Revolution have been wholly disappointed. For the Account, the French Three per Cents. have fallen 50c. ; Five per Cents. have fallen 25c. ; Loan not quoted. For Money, the Three per Cents. have fallen 25c. ; Five per Cents. are the same as yesterday ; Loan not quoted ; Bons du T►b•or not quoted ; Bank of France Shares have fallen 151 ; Belgian Bank Shares not quoted. Five per Cents. have fallen per cent.; Spanish Three per Cents. are at 28 ; Roman has fallen thrt•e per cent ; Rothschild's Receipts have fallen per cent. Exchange on London (30 days) 25 271 ; Exchange on London (90 days), 25 20. Rail way Shares for the Account settling of August 15— Orleans the same as yesterday, Lyons have fallen 3f. 75r.; the others not quoted. For Money, Orleans have fallen 10f., Rouens Si., Marseilles 5f., Northern 2f. 50c., Lyons 2f. 50k.. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, AUG. 2. Boulogne and Amiens, 6N —Luxembourg, 'ii—Orleans and Bourdeaux, 2. GERMANY AND THE NORTHERN STATES. HOLLAND. THE HAGUE.—The Government has communi cated to the Second Chamber of the States General its reply to the observations of the section on the pro jects of law relative to the revision of the funda mental law. LIMBOURG.—IIia MAJESTY has received an address from the Chamber of Commerce at Maestricht, on the separation of Limbourg from the N e therlands, as de creed by the Frankfurt Executive. The merchants of Limbourg declare that they foresee in the separa• tion of Limbourg from the Netherlands, and its in corporation in the Germanic Confederation, the most fatal consequences for trade and commerce, especially for Maestricht and Venloo. After referring to the illegality of the decision of the Frankfort Executive under its existing treaties, they call upon the KING to take instant and energetic measures in opposition to the decision of the Executive, in order to save Lim bourg from impending ruin. His MAJusTY has sent his Minister M. VON LIGIITENWELDT to Maestricht in quality of Coin missioner-Extraordinary, to assist the Governor in regulating the present unsettled state of affairs at Litnbourg. The Minister and the authorities are in cessantly occupied, and the Governor has issued a proclamation, in which, after referring to the deci sion of the Frankfort Executive of July, 1848, he calls upon the inhabitants of Limbourg to remain perfectly tranquil, to await the results patiently, and kaeping their eyes fixed upon existing treaties, to rest assured that the future will be regulated by the ruling authorities, and to keep thenselves in readiness to oppose every aggressive attack which may be of fered either to persons or to property, or to the legal authorities. While observing the most severe dis cipline, the military force of the state will energeti cally check any infraction upon order or tranquillity, and every interference with legal authority. It does not wish to make these countries the theatre of war. but it is fully resolved to make the laws respected, and personal security inviolate.—Journal de la Haye, Aug. 1. RUSSIAN DIPLOMATIC DOCUMENT. The following is the circular which the Govern ment of St. Petersburgh has j ust addressed to all its diplomatic agents in Germany : " Let us hope that this manifesto, by re-assuring the friends of peace, and quelling the audacity of those imprudent men who long for war, will obviate a ca tastrophe which the anarchists of every country are endeavouring to bring about, and which, without the most strenuous efforts of all wise men, it will be impossible even for those states, which are animated by the most pacific intentions, ultimately to avert from Europe. " The German press, whose animosity against Russia appeared to have relaxed for a moment, has lately re-commenced busying itself about us, and those measures, which prudence for our own security has forced us to adopt on our frontiers, have given rise to the most unwarranted supposition and com mentaries. "The language held on this subject in the Assem blies of Germany, though less immoderate and less positive, nevertheless bears the stamp of the same sur mises. "My preceding communication on the subject of the political and military position of the Emperor, have made you sufficiently acquainted with the actual intention of his Majesty to render it unnecessary for me to give you fresh details on this subject. " You are aware, Sir, that since the origin of the events which have shaken the centre of Europe, the Emperor laid down for himself a line of conduct from which he has not deviated even in a single in stance, that of not interfering in any manner what ever in the internal affairs of the countries which desire to modify their organization, of leaving the nations perfectly free, to give themselves up without interference on his part, to the adoption of political and sound experiments, not to attack any power which shall not in the rat instance have attacked him ; but at the same time resolutely to re pel every attempt upon his ow n .i nterna l security, if this territorial equilibrium should be broken or modified in any part. " Such has been for four months the system adopted by the Emperor—such is his system, to which he still adheres. But whil e his Majesty confinest himself to this passive and exp ec t ant system, he cannot volun tarily close his eyes to all those eventualities which may be in emb ryo i n the numerous and sudden mutations introdu ce d i nto the order of things which has hitherto obtained in Europe, nor more especially which, in to that spirit o f hostility ich, the delirium of change, ha s recent l y manifested itself against us throughout the whole of Germany. "In fact, that gr ea t country had scarcely stated the terms of the problem of its unity when its first thought was an extension of the limits of the Confe deration, it first note the note of war. "In the preparatory meetings of the National German Parliament at Frankfort, in the clubs, in the pamphlets and public journals, war against Russia has been proclaimed as one of the inevitable neces sities of the epoch. "To make war an alliance of peace and defensive of Germany with France has been publicly pro pounded. " We have even been menaced that our Baltic pro vinces shall be ingulplied in the German nationality. " That the ancient kingdom of Poland shall be re established in its limits of 1772, in order to serve as the eternal barrier of Europe, against, what it called, the common enemy. "To all these provocations and many others, which I shall pass over in silence, have been added direct acts of hostility. I need only refer to the welcome given to the Polish refugees, and the gratuitous pas sage given on the railway, at the expense of the German Government themselves, to those bands which arrived from France, with the avowed design of carrying devastation and insurrection into our territories. " If it had been our object, effectively, to seek for a pretext for aggression, would not. this have been a most fiivourable one? A;war, deeply to' be regretted, has been made upon a Northern Monarchy, whose inte grity we have guaranteed, and the maintenance of which is indispensable to the equilibrium of Europe, which, by the complication to which it may easily give rise, and by ideas of maritime ambition with which popular opinion invests it, menaces an attack upon the general peace and the interests of the lateral Powers of the Baltic. At the same time the insurrection in the Grand Duchy of Posen and the state of Gallicia may seriously endanger the internal tranquillity of our own provinces. Under present contingencies, and, especially, under suer circum stances, the most common prudence calls for prepa ration. We have therefore concentrated our army on the frontier in order to ward off those dangers which may arise suddenly from the present, and at all tunes precarious state of Europe. " Our system. however, has been purely one of defenco and precaution. We apprehend that it never had, and that it has not at this moment any other character. " Instead of regaiding it in this point of view, and of acknowledging, that if we have been obliged to arm, the principal cause was owing to the repeated provocation which had been offered to us—the democratic opinion loves to prefer the change of ideas of aggression. The German press daily teems with the most absurd ru mours, and the most odious calumnies have been laid to our charge. More than once these journals have stated that our troops have passed the frontiers, although they have not left their cantonments. There is 710 insidious design but what is attributed to us, no entente, no sedi tion, ❑either in Germany or Sclavonia, which we do not provide underhand, either by our money or our agents. The hostility which we are supposed to entertain against Germany is precisely on a level with what is felt, or rather what is attempted to impose against us iu Ger many. If, instead of attributing to us sentiments of hatred which we do not cherish, and of forming con jectures on our pretended design which are without foun dation, men would form a more just and true idea of the present, they would see that this enemy which they so gratuitously conjure up, which they delight in holding up as a phantom, and against which a national war is said to be indispensable, has ever been, and is at this mo ment, if Germany only wishes, animated with senti ments of benevolence and disinterestedness towards her. When, indeed, has Germany had cause to complain of as ; when have we formed projects against her inde pendence ; when have we ever menaced an invasion ? What part of her territory have we taken, or even coveted? During the whole time that the Continent was groaning under the domination of an oppressive conqueror, Russia shed her blood to assist Germany in the maintenance of her integrity and her independence. The Russian territory bad been tree for a long period when she continued to follow and stistain her German allies on all the battle-fields of Europe. More recently, in 1840, when war appeared for a moment on the eve of breaking ,out on the Rhine, we placed our naval and military at their disposal. During this long peace of thirty-three years, the benefits of which are so lightly set aside by the volatile spirit of the present generation, we have never ceased to recommend and to maintain in Germany concord and unity, not indeed that material unity which is now the day-dream of a democratic spirit of levelling and aggrandisement, noel which, if it were possible to realise it as conceived by ambitious theorists, would infallibly, sooner or later, plunge Germany into war with all her neighbours ; but that mural unity, that sin cere accord of views and intentions in all political ques tions, which the Germanic Confederation formerly treated of. " It is the maintenance of this union, it is the consolidation of the bonds which unite the German Governments together, which has ever been our sole aim, because we desire the peace of Europe, and in our opinion the surest guarantee of this peace has ever been lodged in the intimate union of all the Governments which constitute the Germanic Con federation. "What was desired at that time we desire at the present day. _ _ _ Notwithstanding all the defiance and outrage we have received, it has been impossible to change our dis position. Amid these mad declamations we know how to distinguish between deliberate and ho t headed men, between simple credulity and perfidious malice. We are sensible of the intoxication and momentary excitement brought on by events so unexpected, so sudden, so far beyond all expectations or surmise. "At this time, as hitherto, far from desiring trouble, far from seeking to sow divisions, we desire nothing less for Germany than harmony between the Govern ments and the people—harmony so essential to preserve the complications which may arise from abroad, as well as to avert the imminent danger which may proceed from her internal position. " We may have our doubts and our apprehensions as to the results of that great experiment which she at tempts at this moment for gaining to her nationality a greater force and cohesion; but these doubts and these apprehensions have never transpired beyond the limits of our internal and private opinions. " We desire nothing more than to be speedily re-assured, and if in truth Germany succeeds in solving the problem of its organization without prejudice to its internal Iran.- quillity, without causing the new forms impressed on her nationality to be of such a nature as to disturb the re pose of other kingdoms, we shall sincerely congratu late ourselves on the same motives which made us desire to see her powerful and united under her ancient political forms. •• Such being our dispositions of peace and conciliation, we cannot but deplore that they are responded to by sen• tiwents so adverse. " Had wo merely to repel the imputations of the demagogue faction, we should not trouble ourselves about them, nor should we attach more im portance to them than they merit. The ascer tained intention of this faction is to refuse a priori to see any good intention whatever on our p4rt, at all hazards to embroil the country with ue, in order by war to excite a confusion, from which it hopes to reap advantages for its own anarchical designs. " As this party is determined to refuse us justice, and as it is useless to attempt to convince those who will not be convinced, Lad we no other adversaries than thole we should content ourselves with meeting them in silence, leaving it to time to show the fallacy of all the false reports and all the calumnies which they spread. But aide by side with these demagogues are men of good faith, who from igno rance orcredulity receive without mistrust or examination all the false impressions which are given them, and thus without intending it, act the part of revolutionists. By acting upon these imaginations, by nourishing these sus picions, by raising their fears, it has hoped to plunge them into a war, which, in regard to their own interest to say the truth—is a monstrosity—and would precipitate them, as happens but too frequently, into an abyss of real war, in order to escape an impending evil. Thi s i s the desire of the ultra democratic party, and up to this point it will, if it be possible, persevere. It is, therefore, indispensable that the Government, in their diplomatic relations with us, should be made acquainted with our true intentions; it has become the duty of the enlightened members ofassem blies and legislative cheat bers,of all those i n f a ct, who combine with the doctrines of reform the desire of preserving to this country the blessings of public order and monarchical principles, to use all the legitimate influence for endeavouring to redress on the part of Russia the character of public opinion, and to prevent it from going aside into a path which sooner or later must lead to incalculable evils. "The Emperor charges you expressly, Sir, to make them sensible of this necessity, in working upon their conviction the preceding considerations and reflections. Tell them, and make known to all men of sense, with whom you may come into contact, either in business or social intercourse, that the intentions of the Emperor in regard to Germany are, and remain, purely pacific; that our armaments have hitherto had a strictly defensive des tination, that of being prepared to meet oneof the thousand unlooked-for cases which it is impossible for any one to foresee in the provisional state into which the recent events have suddenly plunged the world; that in regard to Germany in particular, inasmuch as she does not attack us, inasmuch as the Confederation, whatever new form it may please to take, shall respect the neigh bouring kingdoms, and not attempt forcibly to extend its territorial circumscriptions or its legitimate compe tency beyond the boundaries assigned to it by existing treaties, the Emperor will also respect her internal in dependence, and will not deviate from the position which he has maintained to this day. " In complying with these directions, you will do well to give a copy of the present dispatch to the Cabinet where you are accredited. (Signed) "NESSELRODE." Dutch Papers, Aug. 1." AUSTRIA. The Doblhoff Ministry insist on the return of the EMPEROR to Vienna as one of the conditions on which they will consent to hold office. They are clearing the public offices of all the Beaurocrats of the Metternich regime, and are introducing reforms into every department. Amongst the, propositions which will be discussed by the Austrian Diet are the following :—The non application of the future constitution for Austrian Germany to the other portions of the Austrian em. pire ; the separation of Gallicia and Dalmatia from Austria Proper; and the abolition of all hereditary privileges and feudal regulations. Archduke STEPHEN has arrived from Hungary, and the Ban of CROATIA has arri ve d i n Vi enna. The departure of ArChdule JOHN to Frankfort has been postponed until the Hungaro• Croatian question is settled. PRUSSIA. The following proclamation has been issued by the King of PRUSSIA For the consolidation of the union of our common fatherland, the conduci...,f the German central affairs has been confided to a regent of the. Empire. I have openly assented to the election of his Imperial Il.ghness the Archduke John, not only because this Prince is my personal . fiend, but likewise became, both in peace and in war, he has gained a glorious name. Prussia knows .that the power of Germany is identical with her own. Prussia knowi the high confidence which Germany has is the tried valour of the Prussian troops. She knows that the surety of Germany depends essenti ally on her faithful sword. She, will, therefore, con sider herself bound in honour to act energetically with all her German brethren. and forward the gin• rious objects of Germany fur the maintenance of peace, liberty, and the indepeiAence of the German nation. Soldiers, wherever the Prussian troops engage for the German cause and according to ray command, submit to his Imperial Highness the Regent of the Empire. Let it be yours faithfully and victoriously to preserve the fame of Prussian valour and discipline. " FREDERICK WILLIAM, Bellevue. (Countersigned) " BARON VON SCHRECKENSTEIN. " July 29. " The generals in command are commissioned to make known this order to the troops." The Preuissischer Staats-Anzieger of the 30th of ficially announces the appointment of lIERIL CAMP' 11AUSEN to the post of Prussian plenipotentiary in Frankfort. Three attaches have also been nominated : —Lieutenant-Colonel FISCHER, Diplomatic Coun cillor VON KAmFrz,:and Finance Councillor CAMP' HAUSEN, the bro! her of the Plenipotentiary. HUNGARY. A letter from Pesth of the 23d says : " Already to•day cuirassiers and hussars have left Olen for Italy. although the Illyrian revolution is still at its height. It is stated positively that the Minister of Finance intends to bring in a Bill proposing that the Dirt shall undertake a just proportion of the Austrian national debt—this, too, at the very time the Diet is making u grant of tlungarian military to act in the war against Italy. The Commandant of Peternardeiu, Field Marshal Von Hrabowaky, wl.o has now been appointed commandant of Hungary, was on the 15th of this month declared at Agram to be a traitor, and amenable to martial law." FRANKFORT. The following has been handed about as a list of the new German Ministry : Minister of Finance, Mutthy, of Carlsruhe, and Mi nister of Commerce, Duckwitz, of Bremen. The follow• ing are the Under Secretaries of State :—For Foreign Affairs, Max Vdll Gagern ; for the interior, Basser mann, of Mannheim. and Von Wurtb, of Vienna; ditto for Commerce, Professor Von Hermann, of Mu nich, and perhaps Professor Faßatt, of Tubingen ; ditto for Finance, Merissen, of Cologne ; ditto for Justice, Professor Mohl, of Heidelberg; ditto for War, General Brandt. It is doubtful who will be the Minister for Foreign Affairs. ITALY. LOMBARDY. Intelligence from Verona of the 27th announces fresh disaster for CZIARLES ALBERT. The Pied montese on the 26th made an attempt to retake the heights of Volta from the Austrians, but were repulsed with great loss. The following bulletin has been issued by RA DETSKY : " ARMY BULLETIN. " The valour of our army has defeated the King Charles Albert at Cartozza, after a battle of three days. We are closely pursuing the retreating army. " God save the Emperor. (Signed) " RADETSKY, Field Marshal. "Head quarters. Palazzo Alzarea, July 26, 1848." The Ventidue Murzo of Milan, of the 28th ult.,. after publishing the decree for the committee of de fence, gives another, investing General Zuccut with the command in chief of the National Guard of Lom• bardy ; a third decree orders that saddles and bridles shall be shortly put in requisition, for a body of ca valry to be immediately. raised. A fourth decree, signed Zuccut, orders that the mobilised National Guard shall march within five days.—General Arvro ram arrived at Milan on the 28th. The following was the military strength at Milan on that day ; 9 ; 525 men, 745 horses, 10 eight•pounders, 10 sixteen. pounders, and 6 howitzers. On the 27th two batta lions of conscripts, the Ist and 18th regiment, the sth battalion of grenadiers and a battery of cannon left Milan for the seat of war. Eight thousand Na tional Guards are mobilised. Many Piedmontese troops, corning from Genoa, have arrived at Pavia, and others are expected, making in all a sivision of 12,000 men. The following extraordinary bulletin was published at Milan on the 28th ult., at noon : " We this instant receive news from Cremona, by a letter written at one o'clock at night, by a Lombardian officer of the staff, who left the camp of Goito yester- day, at 2 P.M. It infOrms us that yesterday (Thursday) at '2 P.m., the army was ranged in order of battle at Goito. There would have been no hesitation to attack the enemy, if our troops, forty•five thousand in number; had not required food and rest after a battle of five days. The King has sent some Lombardian officers of the staff to Cremona, to ensure the dispatch of provi sions to the army. The Provincial Committee there immediately gave the necessary orders for the purpose." The Risorgirnento of Turin of the 29th ult., states that on the preceding evening a large crowd was as sembled before the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to hear the contents of a dispatch that had just arrivedr A bulletin was then publicly read to the effect, that, on the 27th, a new attack had been made by the Piedmontese upon Volta, but that, after a severe en gagement, the troops, not being sufficiently numerous retired to their former positions between Goito and Bozzolo. The Risorgimento gives the new Piedmontese Ministry as follows :—CASATI, President without port. folio; PARETO, Foreign Affairs; PLEZZA, Interior; Ricci, Finance; GIOJA, Grace and Justice; RAT ' TAZZI Public Instruction; PALEOCAPA, P u blic Works; COLLEGNO, War; Duitipir, Commerce and Agriculture; M OFFA DI L isio , at the Camp, without portfolio. _ A letter from Verona of the 23d ult., in the Breslau Gazette, says— , "The operations commenced last night by Marshal Radetzky have been crowned with full success. This next morning, at five o'clock, the entrenchments near Santa Lucia were forced without considerable loss. The Piedmontese took to flight, and reached, with Charles Albert, Castella Nueva. But in the afternoon the enemy abandoned that position, and our troops marched to-. . wards Peschiera, where the Piedmontese took refuge. On the 23d the cannon was heard at Verona, because the Austrians were pursuing the enemy closely." We learn from Brescia, 27th ult., that, in conic.. quence of orders received from CHARLES 'ALDERT, Brescia was being put in a state of defence, the ram p.rts armed with cannon, and barricades raised. The National Saboisien of the 29th ult. has the following " We could have desired to suppress the sad news from the army contained in our correspondence, but if we had confined it to our breast, the private letters of our brave countrymen would have made it known .to their afflicted families. We must, therefore, resign our selves to telling the truth, however painful it may he; besides, a reverse is a chance of war, and has often a glorious morrow. We spoke of a decisive affair between the two armies on the 26th. Fate has been contrary to us; and our army, separated into two by the Austrian masses, has been obliged to fall back, and to return to the right bank of the Mincio, after having broken down all the bridges behind it. At this moment it supports itself on one side on Peschiera, on the other on Goito, and on the left bank of the river only occupies Villa Franca, where we have a rather large division, which has 2,000 Austrian prisoners in its power, with whom it does not know what to do. The brigade of Savoy conducted itself heroically; that is. a great number remained on the field of honour, and it thus nobly, but cruelly, paid its debt to the country. The most anxious uncertainty still exists with respect to General d'Aviernoz; some few persons believing that he remained in the hands of the Austrians, whilst the general belief is that be was shame fully. assassinated by the Modenese at the moment at which he endeavoured to lead them back to tbo engage ment. The flight of the Lombards and Tuscans from the. field of battle, of which we spoke yesterday, is not yet' denied, though we should be happy to receive and insert any contradiction. At the hour at which we write, the two Cabinets of the Tuileries and of Turin are agitating the question of an immediate intervention of the French • army. We know not yet what the two :Governments will decide in their wisdom; but let us not disquiet our selves in advance in a political respect with regard to the arrival of our allies, if they be called in. The French army is that of a republic, and as such is republican, but it will not practise propagandism. Its austere dis cipline, its simple traditions of glory and honour do not leave it other pre -occupations. Let us, in this re spect, have no more apprehensions than King Charles Albert. If he thinks right to have recourse to the powerful sword of our neighbour; let us.not show our selves ungrateful, and let us not forget that, the case arising, it is war with Austria which France undertakes at her risk and peril, accepting our fields of' battle to strike her first blows." An interesting discovery has been made of three caverns in a hill called Repshead, on the northeast ride of Ulverston Sands, where workmen are employed in getting rocks for the construction of the weir. One of these caverns, all of which are similar to those in Der byshire, so well known to the inquiring tourist, is a chamber some 25 feet in length, and 16 in height. 'fhe second is described ass beautiful Gothic temple, 50 feet long, the roof and walls of which seem composed of stalactites and petrefactions of every shape and figure, " here and there sparkling like diamonds, and glitter ing like rubies, and every part most chaste and beau. tifut." The entrance of these caverns is the forepart of the rock, about twelve or fourteen feet high.—Cum berland Pacquet. FORGED BANK OF ENGLAND NOTES.--Informa tion has been received at the Bank of Englund that notes for Si, purporting to he issued by that establish ment, hud been put in circulation at the end of the me. t! opoli.. Those that have been discovered are dated PI) mon th, November 16, 1847, No. 35,021. They may be easily detected by inspecting the water-marks, which are clumsily executed. GOVERNMENT OFFICE RETIREMENTS.—The SUM of 17,430/. 6s. Bd., is included in the Army Estimates for the current. year for the paym en t of re tired clerks from the War Office. On e i n d v id ua l rece i ves 2,5004 per annum, two 10001. per 'annum, and s everal at 40 0 /. 5001, told 6001. per year. \VEST LONDON ANTI-EN CLOSURE A SSO CIATION.-- At a meeting held on Monday l as t. M r . H. Scuithorpe in the chair, z letter from the Bishop of London was read, expressive of hi, hi g h approv*.lof the objeets of the association, and his deslre to patronise it, if the clergy of the district (Paddington) set him, the example.- - • _ NOW READY, In 3 vols. post Bvo., with Portraits, A Y; IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, CONTRASTED WITH ITS PAST CONDITION. By JAMES WHITESIDE, A.M., One of her Xejesty's Counsel. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, (Publisher In Ordinary to her Majesty). THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 3, 1818 • 3 ' I ell, I ell