The Sun. — London, England, 1835-04-11 00:00:00

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R ; ',.- . -1) 1, . ; ,-0,0..f- ..., . - PRIVATE CONTRACTS. ------- - ' 4 ith more good sc h ooner EMERALD ISLE, 93 81-94 t ons per register, built at - Waterford ; is a strong ,: e 'ut vessel, i n good order both as to hull and stores, takes the :' e u . nd well, and sails fast ; adapted to the coasting trades and ra l Purposes. Now lying in the London Docks. 'or particulars please apply to WOOLCOMBE, 1, Freeman's-court, Cornhill. THE good Brig MARIA, 245 tons per register, e° PPer-fastened and coppered ; has a bust-head ; a fine capa el ve ssel, built under the personal superintendence of Captain ea?r, at Yarmouth, N. S. in 1825 ; is a superior vessel of her CI; well found in stores, adapted to general purposes, and ready ij,;,,,i,attiediate service. W. Ouston, Commander. Now lying in -loigent's Canal Basin, Limehouse. woV inventories and further particulars apply to WOOLCOMBE, 1, Freeman's-court, Cornhill. THE fine Barque INTEGRITY, 222 tons per i r egister, A 1, built at Redbridge, near Southampton, in 1824. r l i tn ls a remarkably handsome and well-finished vessel, :with kers7_ quarter-deck, and excellent accommodations for .passen b4,ms'nel ample heights between decks, decorated with neat it oilt “ead and carved stern ; is copper-fastened, coppered with tr ad "PPer, well found in stores, sails fast, and adapted to the e with the Mauritius, a colonial whaler, or preferable passenger ,!`) h Wales. h.;.' remarkably fast-sailing Brig OSBORNE, 191 58-94 tons h, egister, built at Plymouth for the Post Office Establishment ; ,h; scroll_ built copper-fastened and coppered with stout copper; Ilst la i re gular quarters spaced for fourteen carriage guns ; has the storesarnple heights between decks for passengers, well found in got Land particularly adapted to any speculative service. F or '! vessels lying in the Regent's Canal, Limehouse. or inventories and farther particulars apply to WM. WOOLCOMBE, 1, Freeman's-court, Cornhill. (One property. ) ,IMM•••••••• 111 fine new Barque PSYCHE, 219 tons per register, built at Newport, county of Monmouth, copper h,;jed, and the bottom sheathed with Muntz's patent yellow 1 , she has a raised quarter-deck, with good accommodations, ~11.rieength figure-head, sham galleries, and neatly decorated stern ; 4 4 _ 8 large cargo ; sails well ; was finished under the superin iNcse'le of the present owner, in a very superior style and of the ery o "ten of materials, and is a most desirable vessel for any Iv ,esot Iti,rode.niat for which her tonnage is eligible. Now lying in the Export Dock. r inventories and further particulars apply to WOOLCOMBE, 1, Freeman's-court, Cornhill. PUBLIC SALES. Ist.atLLOYD'S COFFEE-HOUSE, CORNHILL, toi -i i t i ,T il o ti ti ii i i k e i r , ce Aspr MESS il H BEEF and , PORK, Ca and other Goods. tdi°gues Will be timely delivered by WOOLCOMBE, 1, Freeman's-court, Cornhill. TO BE PERETORILY SOLD, At LLOYD'S COFFEEHOUSE , CORNHILL. Pti(it On 'arecti T HURSDAY, April 16, at Half-past Two, L i on of the M or t gagee an d consen t o f th e A ss i gnees ), ';' R fine Barq ue MARY BULMER, 314 42-94 till, tons per re g i s t er , b u il t on t h e Ri ver T yne, o f t h e best mate- ItitOnd launched in November last ; is copper-fastened, flush-deck, an eat bust -head and galleries ; was laid down on a lengthened !Ve s t 1 14 carry a large cargo, is well found in stores, adapted to the I .lis,,,T ri ja trade and general ' purposes'. John Connor, Commander. , F o ° , i rk ilv tbe Surrey Canal, Rothernithe. Aewril sectories and further particulars apply to Charles Walton, 44 Cornhill ; or to WOOLCOMBE, 1, Freeman's-court, Cornhill. TO BE PEREMPTORILY SOLD, At L LOYD'S COFFEE-HOUSE, CORNHILL, (1 °n THURSDAY, April 16, at Half-past Two, LT Y dii.,rection of the Mortgagee and consent of the Owner), '-u-i good brig HEBE, 139 10-94 tons per 152. 3 , r 'gister ; copper-fastened and coppered, built at Leith in h t t ( ;„, fi nsh-deck, has a bust-head, ,sails fast, and carries well for ,Iliv e ;:,, a ge, is in excellent order , and well found in stores ; has just "Nt e , : r i a Cargo from the Brazils in the best condition, and is '}ir 2 i „ Te general purposes. --- Hicks,• Commander. Now P - ,,;• tae West India Export Dock. T e ntories apply to "I. WO pp I, Freeman's -court, Cornhill. ‘Jii. 1 ,,, -"nnaand Yards of Silk, Linen, and Woollen-drapery, Watches, Plate, &c. r , ACRIN, DEBENHA M , and STORR will 11 aloh z . S ell, at their Rooms, King-street, Covent-garden, on. etli t i 4 .j, April 13 at Eleven Genuine UNREDEEMED PRO IIIPerio:, c omprising chased and ' modern plate, elegant jewellery, e ,,, il lite li i and highly-finished gold, silver, and gilt watches, by 17,rich .tn, akers, double and single guns and pistols; 1,000 yards g lali ii„ al d's, laces, lace veils, superfine cloths and kerseymeres, fine ti ttl e : 4 s and lawns,: French cambrics, sheetings, &c., ladies' and ). -fib.„ - 7 1 s apparel , 100 pair of men's shoes , table and bed linen, 'ills -gdAres window-curtains , feather-beds, Brussels and Kidder lokter earn fl , Itg ..D. , re.., a quantity of passage and room oil-cloth, cut-glass, Aq h°,: a sses, and other effects. ''''' --- ---:::t_____ved, and Catalogues had at the Rooms. TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION, By Mr. BULLOCK, A At the Mart, on 'WEDNESDAY, April 29, at Twelve, Valuable Leasehold Estate at Dover, cons i st- I d, i ng of four houses, held for 86 years, at 41. 16s. per annum, v ereb ti s cl , e r - leas e d for the whole term (less a few days), at 341.165., .N.s-•securing an income of 301. per annum for a long term of te hne w ct ith very little risk. The property is substantial and well -%.e ' situate at Stembrook, near the Church of St. Mary, at Nle' ' a feW minutes' walk from the markets, the Baths, and 1, 1141 stree I NlZ t r iet L i t 4 t at the Shakspeare Hotel ; and of Mr. Bullock, 1. 1. ._ n b vi , „. etung-houses at Lambeth, held in one Lease for 85 years, at a Ground-rent of 601. TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION, At tie N T By Mr. BULLOCK, Ir' 'art' on WEDNESDAY, April 29, at Twelve, in One Lot, by order of the Administrator, lit lat e M r. Ch am b ers ' s L ease h o ld Estate, corn -11%, Pri sing ten ne a t an d un if orm b r i c k-b u ilt H ouses i n Whit e t l, N:stir,eet, Waterloo -road, in the rear of the Church, numbered ' on tt:' 20 , and 21, on th e sou th s id e , and 52, 53, 54, 55, and e st i,„ north side of this very populous street ; the rental may , P a Wtted at 200 guineas per annum. tr eet; le ,l l . , a rs may be had of Mr. Bedford, Solicitor, Calthorpe -"u of Mr. Bullock, Holborn. 30, STRAND. - • " Oh ! no, we never mention her. " • 4 " 1, 1 seen a Jet with Warren's e'er could vie, ca'n' ve tr„ .i't from others get, its fame will never die. ti kt 'ut a ,,o. dozen others, and as bright I ne'er could choose, ),,Y 44_ t number 30, Strand, for polishing my shoes. j f 1 the IA m told that I elsewhere can buy good Bpt how bright a Boot I liked, they never would; ahPs if ethlhacking that the use they think as tine as Jet : ta _ ey . fam'd Warren's saw, its shine they'd ne'er forget. R E g• shining and Brilliant Blacking, prepared by ROBERT . 30, Strand, London ; and Sold m every Town in the k4 4 14i7i 1, 34. , e , Bottles, a n d P as t e Bl ac ki n g. in Pots, at 6d.-12d., thZ, gear;;, %0 4 .„ e Pal - ticular to inquire for Warren's, 30, Strand : All •-• (Nam terfeit. THE GOLDEN RULES of LIFE I—ls. Or EVERY BODY'S FRIEND ! A Book for the whole World ! Adapted for the perusal of both Sexes and all Ages • containing the maxims and rules of some hundred great and good men, who lived to be benefactors to their country. Selected from upwards of a thousand works (now first collected), with the Com piler's Address to the Public. The whole neatly bound in one 'volume, gilt edges, at the exceeding low charge of Is. London : Sold by Smith and Co., 185, Oxford-street, and 13, Wellington-street, Strand ; and by every Bookseller in the three kingdoms. A NEW EDITION, WITH IMPORTANT ADDITIONAL REMARKS AND CASES. Just published, the 19th Edition, price 4s. AN HISTORICAL and PRACTICAL TREATISE en SYPHILIS, its Consequences, en Stric tures, Eruptions, Nodes, and Nocturnal Pains, se frequently mis taken for Rheumatism. These subjoins are illustrated by a variety if highly interesting eases, together with the rniszries of a secret vice, so long and so unhappily pursued by the yeuth'ef both sexes. In the one it will be found an unfailing source of barrenness, in the other have its ravages fatally develop.xl by a distressing state of debility which, if not timely remedied, terminates in impotency ; these are its remote and ultimate effects ; whilst Consumption, Loss of Muscular Power, and various other complaints, usually characterise the earlier stages of these distressing diseases, for the Cure of which the Author has laid down a plan of treatment which, during his experience of upwards of thirty-five years' extensive practice, has invariably proved successful ; with concluding remarks en the evils resulting from attempts at self cure. Principtis obsta : sero medicina paratur. By C. B. COURTENA Y, M.D., 42, Great Afarlborough-street. Printed for the Author, and sold by Simpkin and Mar s hall, Sta tioners'-court ; Onwhyn, Catherine-street, Strand ; W. Marsh, 145, Oxford-street ; J. 'happell, 98, Royal Exchange ; Hays, 248, Regent-street; W. Strange, Paternoster-row; M'Phun, Trongate, Glasgow; Messrs. Sutherland, Calton-street, Edin burgh ; and by all Booksellers in town and country. " Amongst the numerous medical and surgical works of the day, we consider that written by Dr. Courtenay oa'Syphilis and other frequently fatal complaints, to be worthy of the highest encomiums, and justly deserving the serious attention of all those persons who may unfortunately happen to be afflicted with the maladies'which form the subject of this very interesting publication. The lumi nous views taken of these diseases, together with the important warnings against excesses, entitle this work to great praise ; and we may add, as a further recommendation, that it is written with much delicacy and morality."—lnspector and Literary Review. the e l ' e my 111.— ,consider state the, suPP ot „ e Russian sing firm 3acon,the ided at 3 is almost a. per lb' but th ere er highe r, 523 boxes rs PePP er ' ra t he r ter 11' ,ate „g for I as f . c t has lave ag 3io t ill higher n the SP ° y 500 to re bj Saltpe tre t. lower. a as bee a hl= t• day 134 ' d fine ) dee !, procee. F wared t in o k anic ° t P :lie Mar. • la' all Ills b , uld belueQ 0 ce s r3g Ives co nasg a Ivo d tb e ) asso (one ,P a i n DSC P 3l • it at s pa 3 ieco nd al. • onto •niag b E a st In cl ' ar ketf e gl 'ci• lus t an•tl, e the fIY" f e w sale :a' f r o ieive- Te o (the - Le y take)" eel aarld , : l as rs n° d• farther a bee ll have the an rr r, the 11 it nq uet., LerdsbiC Oi• for )l. r e. ied ap P 0 being pi , lan d r fro n for 51' s gl, la tter pe . ce t. arc il t APP e ftofr Gra [' the ciefer da .coliet s rifr rds of gr. r ty ° , u iltP for s of for „ o P e°oo tbz hid j u e t he r s ' A ,fel l ; e ue '00 ) ict, f t 0) .5 „ 1 )ler• 1 51 . 1 P P°' ho t ' , 0 13, Lt On P e C , atio" p r o 4 of ' w ife v r the „ t td pole the on tba A boo t , it I flifj eiecl bps t he ged 01. be " iti o ,ine h elO ie te‘ ApP O l ,Ol 3l for f .: 40/ 0 the No. 13,287. IFE ANNUITIES, under 59 Geo. 111., 10 A Geo. IV., and 4 and 5 William IV. 5, Lancester Place, Strand. The ROYAL UNION OFFICE for the grant and purchase of Annuities on single or joint lives is open daily from ten till three. Tables on single sheets for the purchase of Life Annuities, forwarded to any part of the kingdom. All Letters to be Post-paid. PANTECHNICON, Belorave-square, London. — Furniture Department.—PURCHASERS of FURNI TURE are respectfully invited to inspect this important department of the Pantechnicon. It comprises the largest and best selected STOCK of warranted furniture ever exhibited for sale, and has received such extensive patronage from the nobility and the public as to afford ample means of the most satisfactory references for quality, style, and pieces of the furniture. Houses may be furnished throughout at a few days' notice. THE THAMES TUNNEL, Opposite the end of Old Gravel-lane, Wapping, but on the Rother hithe side of the river, near the Church. NOTICE is hereby Given, that the Public may view the Tunnel every day, (Sundays excepted) from Nine in the morning until Six in the evening, upon the payment of One Shilling for each Person. The Archway being lighted with oil gas, and reflected by a large Mirror, at the extremity of the finished portion of it, receives great light, and has at the same time the effect of completion given to it. The work is dry and warm, and the descent by the staircase easy and safe. The Works have been again resumed. By Order, JAMES BIRKETT, Clerk to the Company. Walbrook-buildings, April 2, 1835. NEW AND EXTENSIVE WOOLLEN-DRAPERY STOCK. WP. and E. DUDDEN invite the attention • of Drapers, Tailors, and the Public, to a new and most complete Stock of WOOLLEN CLOTHS, CASSIMERES, &c., offering treater advantages than any other market in Europe. The Stock will include every fashionable article for Summer. Any lengths cut. Terms—Ready Money. No. 16, Coventry-street. This establishment faces the Haymarket. PATENT HATS, No. 53, • New Bond -street, and 80, Newgate-street.—T. DUGGIN begs leave most respect fully to, inform the Nobility and Gentry that he is, enabled to supply them (for cash) at wholesale prices. .. . Cash. Credit. VerybestßeaverHats,weighing from 3 oz. and upwards 21s. 265. Second Quality, ditto, ditto l7s. 21s. Very best Livery Hats l6s. 18s. Second Quality ditto l4s. 16s. _ Ladies' Hats on the above terms ; also a variety of Velvet and other Caps. INCORRODIBLE ARTIFICIAL TEETH FIXED WITH OUT WIRES OR OTHER LIGATURES, AND LOOSE TEETH FASTENED. MONSIEUR MALLAN and SONS, Surgeon Dentists, 9, HALF MOON-STREET, PICCADILLY, and 32, GREAT RUSSELL-STREET, BLOOMSBURY, who FIX INCORRODIBLE ARTIFICIAL TEETH WITH OUT WIRES or OTHER LIGATURES, and FILL DE CAYED TEETH with MINERAL SUCCEDANEUM, are grateful for the high and extensive patronage which has so eminently distinguished their professional exertions since their arrival in the British Metropolis, and beg leave to announce to their Friends and the Public in general, that they still continue to RESTORE DE CAYED TEETH with their celebrated MINERAL SUCCE DANEUM, so universally recommended by the Faculty of London and Paris. The operation, which is PERFORMED in a FEW SECONDS, without the slightest pain, heat, or pressure, allays the most excruciating pain, and lasts for many years. They also FASTEN LOOSE TEETH, whether arising from Age, Ne glect, or Disease in the Gums. INCORRODIBLE ARTIFICIAL and NATURAL TEETH, from One to a Complete Set, which are incapable of discolouration or corrosion, are fixed without the incumbrance of Wires, or any other Ligatures, and answer every purpose .of Articulation and Mastication.—Charges as in Paris. All operations performed on the Teeth. 32, GREAT RUSSELL-STREET, BLOOMSBURY, and 9, HALF MOON-STREET, PICCADILLY. iWETROPOLITAN SOLI Office (temporary), No. 1, DIREC John Burgess, Esq. William Clay, Esq., M.P. James Cook, Esq. Thomas Fowler, Esq. Francis Fox, Esq. W. Storrs Fry, Esq. Robert Grant, Esq. Thomas H. Hall, Esq. B. Hawes, jun., Esq., M.P. TRUS' LIFE ASSURANCE :ETY. St. Michael's-alley, Cornhill. :TORS. Charles Hensley, Esq. William Jameson, Esq. John Lawrence, Esq. William J. Lescher, Esq. J. Francis Maubert, Esq. Joseph Pease, Esq., M.P. J. Scholefield, Esq., M.P. John Travers, Esq. George Vaughan, Esq. EES. Thomas Fowler, Esq. I H. Sykes Thornton, Esq. J. Francis Maubert, Esq. I John Whitmore, EN. AUDITORS. John Allcard, Esq. John Taylor, Esq. George Pearce, Esq. Joseph Travers, Esq. btIrERI NTEN DE XT.-Richard Heathfield, Esq. BANKERS.—Messrs. Williams, Deacon, Labouchere, and Co., Birchin-lane. SURGEON.--_John Scott, Esq., No. 10, New Broad-street. SOLICITORS.-Messrs. Amory and Coles, 25, Throgmorton-street. This Society is established for the purpose of reducing Life As surance amongst its members, to the lowest scale of expense, which the safety and solidity of the Society may admit. The members of the Society consist of persons assuring their own lives for the whole term of life, who, after five annual pay ments, will, by a reduction of the premium, have the benefit of the whole of the profits, without the participation of any proprietary whatsoever, the Society being founded upon the principle of a com munity of interest, or mutual assurance. Every other description or modification of Life Assurance is un dertaken by the society on terms which may be known on applica tion at the Office, where the advantages recommending the Society to the attention Of the public will be more fully explained. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, APRIL 10. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the ivoolsack at ten minutes past Five o'clock. The Duke of GORDON presented a petition from Aber deen, in favour of the Established Church of Scotland. MUTINY BILL. On the motion for the committal of this Bill, Lord TEYNHAM, previous to its committal, would say a few words. As something had been said about its provisions in the House, he hoped the attention of their Lordships would be directed to a new code of military dis cipline, especially in the militia, in which he had served as an officer during the last war, when its wants had been pro ductive of the greatest inconvenience and trouble. It was improper that in a period of war they should be driven to the adoption of temporary expedients. The Duke of WELLINGTON said the subject was under the consideration of a Commission appointed by his Majesty, and he, therefore, thought it totally unnecessary for the Noble Lord to advert to it thus prematurely. Lord TEYNHAM explained. The Bill was then committed, and ordered to be read a third time to -morrow. The Earl of KINNOUL presented a petition from the Ministers and Elders of a parish in Perthshire, in favour of the Church of Scotland. Tho Earl of MALMESBURY presented several peti tions from various places in Southampton, praying for protection to the united Churches of England and Ireland, and to oppose any measure subversive of the Established Church. The Duke of RICHMOND presented a petition from the parish• of Stanley for additional Church accommodation. The Archbishop of CANTERBURY presented a pe tition from Aberdeen, praying for a Parliamentary grant to LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, APRIL 11, 1835. afford increased Church accommodation to the people of Scotland. Lord DU NC AN N 0 N presented a petition from Preston (Lancashire) for a revision of the Factory Act. Lord BROUGHAM begged to inform their Lordships that he would postpone the motion upon Education, of which he had given notice for Tuesday next, to the first convenient day after the recess. The House then adjourned. FROM LAST NIGHTS GAZETTE. WHITEHALL, APRIL S, 1835. The King.has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the Right Hon. Alexan der Baring, of the Grange in the county of Southampton, and the heirs male of his body lawfully bffrotten, by the name, style, and title of Baron Ashburton, of Asbburton, in the county of Devon, DOWNING-STREET, APRIL 7. The King has been pleased to appoint James Wilson, Esq., to be Chief Judge and President of the Court of Appeal in the Island of ➢lauritius. WHITEHALL, APRIL 3. The King has been pleased to appoint Doctor Stevenson Mac- Gill to be one of his Majesty's Chaplains in Ordinary in Scotland, in the room of Doctor John Inglis, deceased. WHITEHALL, APRIL 7. The Lord Chancellor has appointed Augustus Bazeley, of Pen. zance, in the county of Cornwall, Gent., to be a Master Extraor. dinary in the High Court of Chancery. MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. FIRST REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS AP POINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE MUNICIPAL • CORPORATIONS IN ENGLAND AND WALES. (Continued from our paper of yesterday.) WAR-OFFICE, APRIL 10. 4th Regiment of Light DragoonsL-Lieut. D. Gordon to be A jutant, vice Harrison, who resigns the Adjutantcy only, Oct. 1,1834' 7th Regiment of Light Dragoons--Capt. the Hon. H. Cole, from the 84th Regiment of Foot, to be Captain, vice Russell, who exchanges, April 10, 1835. 234 Regiment of Foot—Second Lieut. W. L. Willoughby to be First Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Mundy, who retires; Ensign C. Blackett, from the 90th Regiment of Foot, to be Second Lieu tenant, by purchase, vice Willoughby, April 10. 27th Foot—L. C. Irwin, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Hope, who retires, April _lO. 34th Foot—Lieut. J. J. Best to be Captain, by purchase, vice Hooke, who retires ; Ensign W. E. James to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Best; C. A. Schreiber, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice James, April 10. 44th Foot.—Ensign W. G. White to be Lieutenant, without purchase, vice Donnithorne, deceased, August 29. Ensign W. Atherton, from the half-pay of the Royal Staff Corps, to be En sign, vice White, April 10. 59th Foot.—Ensign G. N. Heard, to be Lieutenant, by pur chase, vice Beadle, who retires, April 10. W. Fulton, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Heard, April 10. 76th Foot.—Staff-Assistant-Surgeon J. Melliss to be Assistant- Surgeon, vice Russell, who resigns, April 10. 84th Foot—Capt. D. Russell, from the 7th Light Dragoons, to be Captain, vice Cole, who exchanges, April 10. 89th Foot—Ensign C. R. B. Granville to be Adjutant, vice Lee, deceased, April 10; C. M. Walker, Gent., to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Granville, appointed Adjutant, April 10. 90th Foot—C. Pugh, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Blackett, appointed to the 23d Regt. of Foot, April 10. 91st Foot—C. Campbell, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice M'Lecid, who retires, April 10. UNATTACHED.—To be Captain, without purchase, Lieut. J. Joseph Hill, from the 69th Regiment of Foot. To be Captain, by purchase, Lieut James Campbell, from the 93d Regiment of Foot. HOSPITAL STAFF.—John Garnett Courtenay, M.D., to be Assistant-Surgeon to the Forces, vice Mellis, appointed to the 76th Regiment of Foot. MxmoliAtinum.—Captain William Marshall, upon half-pay of the Canadian Fencibles, has been allowed to retire from the army with the sale of an Unattached Company, he being about to be come a settler in the colonies. Commissions signed by Lord Lieutenants. George Power, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant for the West Riding and Ainsty of York. Arundel and Bramber COrps of Yeomanry Cavalry—Thomas Evans, Gent„ to be Lieutenant, vice Samuel Clark Jervoise, resigned. BANK OF AVERAGE of the LIABILITIEI ENGLAND, from the 13th Jan published pursuant to the Act, 3 ai LIABILITIES. Circulation £18,591,000 Securities —--- £26,228,000 Deposits ENGLAND. S and ASSETS of the BANK of wary, 1831, to the 7th April, 1835, 44,c1 4 W. 4, cap. 98, sec. S. ASSETS. £29,880,000 Downing-street, April 9, 1835 £32,557,000 DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY. WILLIAM AUGUSTUS ARCHBALD, sugar refiner, Rat cliff-cross. BANKRUPTCIES ENLARGED. WILLIAM HOLLOWAY, brewer, Dorset-street, Clapham road, from April 21 to May 2, at twelve, at the Court of Bank.. ruptcy. ANN HIDER, cheesemonger, Otford, Kent, from April 21 to May 2, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. BENJAMIN PARNHAM, sail-maker, High-street, Shadwell, from April 17 to April 21, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. BANKRUPTS. JOSEPH EDNIUNDSON, cotton-manufacturer, Blackburn, Lancashire, Mayl, and 22, at twelve, at the Town-hall, Preston, Lancashire. Makinson and Sanders, Elm-court, Middle Temple ; Makinson, Blackburn. ROBERT VERYARD, flax-dresser, Bristol, April 18, at twelve, and May 22, at two, at the Commercial-rooms, Bristol. Heaven ; Hare and Little, Bristol. GEORGE GREEN and ANNA LYNN, leather-sellers, Gol den-lane, Barbican, April 24, at two, and May 22, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Gibson, Basinghall-street ; Badham, War wick-court, Gray's-inn. WILLIAM WARD, ribbon-manufacturer, Coventry, April 18, and May 22, at eleven, at the Craven Arms Hotel, Coventry. Beck, Ironmongers'-hall Fenchurch-street, London ; Troughton and Lea, Coventry. ROBERT CA YLEY, merchant, Queen's-row, Walworth, Sur rey, April 29, at half-past ten, and May 22, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, Pancras-lane, official assignee ; Browne, Rood-lane, Fenchurch-s!reet.. _ _ JOHN STYLES, lodginghouse-keeper, North Brixton, Surrey, April 16, and May 22, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Maughan and Kennedy, Chancery-lane ; Goldsmid, Basinghall street, official assignee. ROBERT HALL, general dealer, Paradise-street, Rotherhithe, Surrey, April 16, and May 22, at eleven, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Fitch, Union-street, Southwark ; Johnson, Basinghall street, official assignee. DIVIDENDS. J. Macnamara, merchant, London, May 4, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy—R. Stephenson, banker, Lombard-street, May 4, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy—H. Grimsdale, inn-keeper, High Wycombe, Bucks, May 4, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy— H. Rix, cork merchant, Harp-lane, Tower-street, May 7, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy—W. Sustenance, bookseller, Piccadilly, May 1, at half-past eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy—J. T. Watts, Angel-court, Throgmorton-street, May 1, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy—R. Clarke, coal factor, Ceal Exchange, London, May 1, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy—J. Hodg kins, brush manufacturer, Liverpool, May 4, at twelve, at the Cla rendom Rooms, Liverpool—ll. Brown, J. H. Bradley, and B. Harris, merchants, Gloucester, May 4, at eleven, at the Hop Pole Inn, Tewkesbury—T. Lord, silk manufacturer, Manchester, May 4, at eleven, at the Commissioners' Rooms, Manchester—J. Bicker dike, victualler, Huddersfield, May 1, at nine, at the Paelz Horse Inn, Huddersfield—W. Larke, wine merchant, Bungay, Suffolk, May 1, at eight at the Rampant Horse Inn, Norwich—T. Barker, tanner, Sutton St. Edmund's, Lincoln, May 8, at one, at the White Hart Inn, Spalding—J. Hart, tailor, Liverpool, Ilk 2, at two, at the Clarendon Rooms, Liverpool—A. Guy, money scri vener, Chippenham, Wilts, May 8, at twelve, at the White Lion, Inn, Bath—J. Sharman, miller, Ringstead, Northampton, May 8, at twelve, at the Green Dragon Inn, Higham Ferrers—W. Poole, shoemaker, Nottingham, May 4, at one, at the George the Fourth Inn, Nottingham—W. Toone, lace-manufacturer, Lenton, Notting hamshire, May 4, at two, at the George the Fourth Inn, Not tingham—J. Forth, hatter, Nottingham, May 5, at twelve, at the George the Fourth Inn, ottingham. CERTIFICATES-MAY 1. A. Colvin, T. Anderson, and D. Ainslie, merchants, Calcutta— W. Martin, contractor and fitter of gas works, Doncaster—W. Em mitt, grocer, Bourn, Lincolnshire—W. Langhorne, stock broker, Throgmorton-street. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. E. Hobson and C. Rotherham, victuallers, Holborn—W. P. Foster and W. H. Dixon, surgeons, Church-street, Hackney—D. Cooper and Co.—G. Woodrow and R. May, hosiers, Cheapside— J. Heaward and D. Bowlass, cotton-thread-manufacturers, Rush ton-Spencer, Staffordshire—J. Aubrey and G. G. Hardingham, attorneys at law, King's-road, Gray's-inn—H. Barber and Co., brokers (so far as regard G. Neate), Fenchurch-street--W. A. Reveley and J. Sculthorpe—R. Harris and J. Simmons,' tailors, Oxford—G. and R. Levick, lace-manufacturers, Nottingham—C. Blackith and S. H. Harlowe, merchants, Angel-court, Throgmor ton-street—C. and S. Suthers, cotton-spinners, Green-acres-moor, near Oldham—J. Barber and G. Grant, excavators, Chorlton-upon- Medlock—J. Wightwick and Co., innkeepers, Tenterden—J. and T. Knight, tailors ; Saffron-Walden, Essex—J. Hammond and R. Blake, woollen-drapers, Dolphin-street, Bristol—H. F. and R. Dickins, linen-drapers, Wolverhampton—M. A. Spring and Co., perfumers, Exeter (so far as regards E. H. Newman)—J. Hebbes and Co., brickmakers, Houghton Conquest, Bedfordshire—H. Smith and Co., Flax-spinners, Drogheda (so far as H. Smith and C. Jordan. ) A worthy person, who signs himself " Hylax," has made an endeavour, in the columns of an evening contempo rary, to be facetious at the expense of our correspondent " Ti moleon." Our correspondent's letters speak for themselves; nothing we can say can add to their merits, and nothing " Hylax" can write can detract from them. But dismissing " Hylax," without further comment, we cannot help congra tulating the Albion upon having acquired a correspondent who, from the manner in which he speaks of the redolencies of beer and tobacco, and the mirth of the kitchen, must have had op portunities of acquiring great experience on the subjects of his observations. if we congratulate the Albion, we congratulate also the dealers in the articles mentioned in having so good a customer as Mr. " Hylax" must be ; and we offer our humble felicitations to Mr. " Hylax" himself on the happiness he must enjoy in participating in the mirth of the kitchen which he describes. We recommend to him to stick to his favourite beverage and favourite weed, and to remain amidst the mirth of the kitchen as long as he can find a kitchen open to receive him.—Morning Advertiser. EARLY CONSTITUTION. 10. In the examination of the constitutions of the several corporations, the commissioners have seldom found it expe dient to enter into details of their earlier history ; they have confined themselves, in most instances, to an enumeration of the charters in possession of the municipal authorities, or a brief summary of their contents. 11. It would be difficult to describe accurately the early' constitution of the municipal corporations in England and Wales. , It is certain that nanny of their institutions were established in practice long before they were settled by law. In some places, as at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, and Scarborough, the forms of the municipal government were defined by an express composition between the magistracy and the people. It is probable that the powers of government in all ordinary cases were exercised by the superior magistracy, but that in extraordinary emergencies the whole body of bur gesses was called upon to sanction the measures which inte rested the community. The difficulty of conducting business in such an assembly seems to have suggested the expedient of appointing a species of committee out of the larger body, which acted in conjunction with the burgesses, and which was dissolved when the business was concluded. These commit tees afterwards became permanent. In some boroughs the common councils seem to have been formed out of fragments 'of the leet juries, whilst in others we have reason'to suppose that they were what their name strictly imports—counsellors called into the chamber by the alderman or presiding func tionary, with whom they were to advise. We have not dis covered that there was any general principle in the mode of forming the constituency of the boroughs, nor can we as sume that any one system of policy or common law right prevailed at any period throughout the realm. As far as we can judge, neither the opinion of those who treat every extension of authority beyond the select body as a popular usurpation, nor of those who view every municipal corpora tion as formed out of a symmetrical and uniform organiza tion of the people, can be supported. It is sufficient that we are enabled to collect the main principles of administra tion—namely, that the municipal magistracy and municipal councils were the resident and effective heads of the com munity, and that the community probably included in its members all who shared in its burdens, and were liable to fill its offices. 12. In a period, of which the beginning cannot be dis tinctly shown to have been much earlier than the reign of Richard 11., arose a new and very important feature of our municipal policy—namely, the annexation of the powers of "justices of the peace and of labourers" to the municipal magistracy, with a considerable enlargement of their civil and criminal jurisdiction. In that reign the usage began of appointing municipal magistrates justices of the peace by charter, and, in many instances, with a non-intromittent clause. The practice gained ground, though at first slowly ; and thereby produced an essential change in the functions and character of the municipal magistracy. Another very important feature of the era between the reigns of Richard 11. and Henry VI. is the introduction of a legal principle hitherto unknown— that is, of a municipal body politic and corporate which takes by succession, admitting members upon a mere per sonal right, without any qualification either of residence or of property. 13. The greater number of the governing charters of corporations was granted between the reign of Henry the Eighth and the revolution ; the general character of these documents is, that they are calculated t o take away power from the community, and to render the governing class independent of the main body of the burgesses. Almost all the councils named in these charters are established on the principles of self-election. The criminal jurisdiction of the boroughs received still further enlargement ; and numerous instances occur in which a Recorder was created, which office had been before that time confined to some of the larger boroughs. There is little reason to doubt that the form given to the governing classes, as well as the limitation of the burgess-ship, during this period, was adopted for the purpose of influencing the choice or nomination of Members of Parliament. At this time the honorary office of high steward was created in many boroughs, by which the borough became connected with the aristocracy or with the Crown. Some of these charters contain clauses by which the right of electing Members of the House of Commons is limited to the select bodies which they created. 14. During the reigns of Charles II: and James 11. many corporate towns were induced to surrender their charters, and to accept new ones, containing clauses giving power to the Crown to remove or nominate their principal officers. After the proclamation of James 11., dated 17th of October, 1688, the greater, number of these towns re turned to their former charters. The charters which have been granted since the Revolution, are framed nearly on the model of those of the preceding era ; they sh ow a dis regard of any settled or consistent plan for the improvement of municipal policy correslronding with the progress of so ciety. The charters of George 111. do not differ in this respect from those granted in the worst period of the his tory of these boroughs. It has become cu s t omary not to rely on the municipal corporations for exercising the powers incident to good municipal government. The p owers granted by local acts of Parliament, for vari ous p urposes , have been from time to time conferred, not upon the muni cipal officers, but upon trustees or commissioners distinct from them, so that often the corporations have hardly any duties to perform. They have the n om i na l governmen t o f the town, but the efficient duties, and the responsibility, have been transferred to other hands. CORPORATE BODY. 15. The constitutions of the existing municipal corpora tions in England and Wales, are exceedingly various in de tail, and do not admit of being summarily described, except with regard to some of their most prominent features. Some corporate towns are counties, and have the same powers in that character as the shires of the realm. The importance of others is increased by the exclusive jurisdiction which the corporate magistrates exercise within their limits. The con stitution of a great number is, practically, much affected by the retnrn of members to Parliament. The municipal powers of many are almost nomi na l. T a bl es are a p pen d e d t o t hi s report, classing the several corporations of England and Wales, with reference to these distinctions. These corpo rations generally consist of a number of freemen, having within themselves a governing body, besides magistrates and various officers. They will be considered successively with reference to each of these heads. 16. A distinction of great practical importance may be made between corporations consisting of a definite and those of an indefinite number. Most cf the charters incorporate the men and inhabitants of the borough. There are very few charters which unequivocally designate the corporate body as a small and definite number of persons, but in many places custom (supported by the silence of the charters as to any general right to the franchise, and by its disuse and oblivion, where any such may have formerly existed) has practically established the same restricted constitution. A very numerous class of corporations exists, which may be considered as occupying a middle place between those in which it is now treated as necessarily definite. This class consists of the corporations in which, although there is no doubt, both from the wording of the charters, and from the modern practice, that the number of corporator' may be in definite, it has been the policy of the ruling body to restrict the number, so as to retain all the privileges constitutionally belonging to- a large and indefinite body in the hands of a small and select one. 17. In a great proportion of the instances in which the number of corporators is, both in constitution and fact, large and indefinite, the freemen have no share in the management of the affairs of the corporation ; this prevails to so great an extent, that in such corporations the commissioners often found that the freemen had long ceased to consider them selves as forming any part of the corporation, which term, in popular language, was exclusively applied to the ruling body. In some places, this notion has been further refined upon, and a distinction has been drawn in the large indefi nite body of corporators between those elected by the ruling body, and those claiming by an independent right, the for mer class only being treated as forming an integral part of the corporation. 18. In those boroughs where the number of corporators is definite, or where it has been always kept small, the prin cipal mode of enteriry , the corporation is by the nomina tion of the ruling body. In some cases the election must be from persons qualified, the most usual qualification being residence in the borough ; in other cases, the choice of the electors is unfettered by any conditions of eligibility in the person chosen. This mode of acquiring the freedom is usually said to be by gift or purchase, and in fact, a sum of money, varying with the circumstances of the cor poration and supposed value of the franchise, is usually paid by each corporator on his election. In the boroughs where, both by charter and in practice, the number of corporators is unlimited, the circumstances under which the freedom may be demanded of tight are very various ; but almost all may be classed under the general titles of free dom by birth, marriage, and servitude. In a few places the possession of or occupation of property gives a title to the freedom. A distinction is now made everywhere between the freemen' and inhabitants, except in a very few places, as at Beeeles and Wisbech. The right of conferring the freedom by sale or free gift is claimed and exercised by the ruling body of almost every corporation. Particular officers of the corporation, usually the Mayor, are frequently allowed to name a certain number of per sons to be admitted to the freedom ; but although this practice has nearly acquired the force of positive law, it ap pears in its origin not to be distinguishable from the gene ral power exercised by the ruling body, who have in these cases agreed to acquiesce in their officers nomination. In the city of London, where the price of admission to the freedom has been long settled, this privilege of naming to the freedom is now treated in almost every case as the grant of so much money to the officers, and is so carried to ac count in the city books. _ _ 19. It is necessary in London, Shrewsbury, and many other towns, in order to complete a title to admission to the municipal freedom, that the party applying should be first admitted a member of certain guilds or trading companies still existing within the borough, and preserving various degrees of connexion with, and subordination to, the muni cipal corporation. There are traces of a more general preva lence of the same custom at an early period. The derivative title which confers a right of admission to these guilds is usually of the same kind as that by which the municipal corporation itself is entered. Those guilds also are accustomed to admit purchasers to be of their company ; but such purchasers neither acquire nor can convey any absolute right to admission into the municipal corporation. Occasionally, as at Bristol and Evesham, an incorporated guild has continued to exist after Its connexion with the municipal corporation has been almost or altogether dissolved. 20. The right to the freedom acquired by birth is very various in different places. In some, none but the children of freemen born within the borough acquire the right ; in others, the children of-freemen, wherever born : in some, it is sufficient if the father become free at any time to confer an inchoate right on all his children, though born before his freedom was obtained ; in others, those only who are born afterwards may claim to be made free ; in many, only the first son born after his father became free obtains the privilege. This enumeration might be extended still further. 21. The right to the freedom by marriage is acquired by marrying the daughter or widow of a freeman, and there is less variety in the nature of the title which the woman must possess, to enable her to confer this privilege, than in the case of the sons of freemen. 22. The third right, by servitude or apprenticeship, usually accrues by service under indentures of apprentice ship for seven years, to a freeman within the borough. In some towns it is doubtful whether the right might not be gained by service to a freeman performed out of the borough ; ►t certainly may in London. Service at sea is generally considered in the light of service within the borough, when the vessel belongs to its port. In some boroughs, where companies of trades exist, the binding and service must be to one of the company in the trade peculiar to that com pany. Most of these companies have long ceased to have any connexion with trade. 23. In most corporations, the right to the freedom, or citizenship, or burgessship, has been restricted to a much smaller class than that which formerly possessed it. Without inquiring when corporations in this country assumed their present form, it may be safely asserted that the body, how ever named, which was originally intended to share, and which in fact did share, in the rights which the early char ters conferred, embraced the great mass of the householders or inhabitants. By degrees exclusive qualifications were insisted on with increasing strictness, and with new excep tions, as the privileges to which these exclusive bodies laid claim rose in importance. This importance again was en hanced by the narrowing of the access to the privilege, and the consequent diminution of the number of individuals sharing in its advantages. 24. The functions of the freemen in most towns arise out of their share in the election of members of Parliament, and of their own corporate officers. They have retained the fortifier right in many places in which they have been long deprived of the latter. 25. The share which the freemen at large now take in the election of their governing bodies and corporate officers is in most places very limited. In a great majority of those towns in which there is a large body of freemen, they have no share whatever in those elections. In a few instances, such as Berwick-upon-Tweed, Ipswich, and Carmarthen, they have the right of electing, from among themselves, all, or nearly all, the corporate offi cers ; in others, such as Beverley and Pontefract, they elect only the mayor ; in Norwich, they elect the aldermen, com mon councilmen, and one of the two sheriffs ; in some, such as Plymouth, they have the right of electing their officers out of a select body ; in others, as Oxford and Swansea, they have only the power of selection from the nominees of such a select body. In many places, where the system of self-election now prevails, no trace exists of a more popular mode having been used at any time ; in others, such as Newcastle-under-Lyme and Bridgenorth, the right clearly appears to have been taken away from the freemen by an cient usurpation of the select body ; and in the ease of Newcastle-under-Lyme it has been recently restored, after an' interval of 200 years, by a decision of the Court of King's Bench. _ In some towns these rights are possessed only the resi dent freemen, in all other places by all the freemen, whether resident or non-resident. The latter is the more common case. 26. The privileges of the freemen, besides their share in elections, generally consist in exemption from the tolls and duties which in many towns are levied under various grants from the Crown. In the greater number of towns the pri vilege extends only to those tolls levied by their own cor poration ; the freemen of some corporations claim and are allowed to be free in certain cases from those of other towns ; a very few claim an universal exemption. The freemen, in most towns, are exclusively eligible to corporate offices. The freemen are also very generally excused from serving on county juries ; this exemption is often enjoyed by all the inhabitants of corporate towns. They have some times exclusive privileges in the local courts, the existence and extent of which will be presently noticed more in detail. They have in many places the exclusive right of trading, within the corporate limits, as in Oxford, York, and Bever ley. Another privilege often belonging to the freemen is, that they or their widows or children are designated as the sole objects of local charities. PRICE 7D. GOVERNING BODY. 27. The Government of the existing municipal corpora tions in England and Wales is generally vested in a chief officer, and a council, called the common council, over which he presides. The chief officer or head of the corporation is va:iozs!y (I::,siguated as Mayor, portreeve, bailiff, steward, &c. Sometimes the chief authority is shared between two, as bailiffs or stewards. In some towns bailiffs co-exist with, and are subordinate to the Mayor. In some boroughs the freemen are themselves the go verning body, as at Ipswich, Carmarthen, and Berwick upon-Tweed. In Richmond the Government was formerly in a select body of 24, which has ceased to exist, and the affairs are now managed by a council, subject to the assent of all the freemen. 28. The body of the council is often composed of two classes, the most common distinctive name of the superior class being that of aldermen, while the others are simply called common-councilmen. In many places the aldermen, or those who occupy an analogous station in the corpora tion, have real municipal powers beyond those of the other members of the council ; in others the distinction is merely honorary. In a few towns there are more than two classes in the common council. In many corporations the presence of a majority of each class of the common council is necessary to constitute it a legal assembly ; instances rarely occur in which the alder men meet also by themselves as a separate deliberative chamber. In some corporations, as at Kingston-upon-Hull and Pon tefract, the head of the corporation, and the aldermen, or persons filling an analagous situation, constitute the whole council. 29. A legal officer, who is found in most corporations with the title of recorder, is occasionally constituted by charter a member of the common council. In some towns other officers also become by their office members of the common council ; as the bailiffs at Carlisle, the sheriff at Newcastle, the coroners and chamberlains at Scarborough : the sheriffs, coroners, and chamberlains, at Lincoln ; the sheriffs, and all who have served the office of sheriff in York, 30. The same form of government, by means of a mayor and common council, has been preserved in the corporations, consisting of a definite number, and in those in which the number, though indefinite, has been purposely kept low. In the former case, the common council generally com prises the whole corporation, and nearly the whole in the latter. 31. There are v e ry f ew i ns t a n c e s i n th e cor porations of indefinite number, in which, as at Berwick-upon-Tweed and Iporn ,t e e of the freemen have the power. of choosing whomsoever they please of themselves as the .head of the corporation. Sometimes he is &lessen by the freemen from the aldermen, or from the members Jaf.the...... common council. In some boroughs lie is chosen by the - body at large from among two or more nominated by the select body. The most common case is, that he is selected either from the aldermen or common-councilmen, by the court of aldermen or common council. In London, and some other towns, he is elected by a popular assembly from the aldermen, subject in London to confirmation by the court of aldermen. In some places, he is presented by the jurors of the court leet. In several boroughs the same person is re-eligible only after a given interval. In all eases the election is for a year. 32. The members of the common council are elected in the great majority of instances by the common council, or by that division of it common) , comprised under the name of aldermen. In some cases they are nominated by the mayor. The election is generally for life. Residence is sometimes a necessary qualification ; often it is little at tended to. The aldermen generally fill up vacancies in their own body from the other divisions of the common council ; in other cases, this class consists of all who have passed the chair. The aldermen, also, are usually chosen into that class for life. London and Norwich afford in stancep, amongst others, of elections by large bodies of freemen. In both these cities the aldermen are elected for life, and the common councilmen annually. In London they are all elected by the freemen, who for a year have occupied houses of a certain value, and who pay local taxes to a certain amount. In Norwich all are elected by the freemen, without any qualification of residence, property, or local taxation. 33. The charters generally empower the corporations or the governing bodies to make by-laws for the good rule and government of the town, and in some instances to tax the inhabitants for municipal purposes. This legislative authority is exercised by the common council ; but in a great number of corporations the power is disused, and no by-laws are made. In some cases, the regulations and by-laws are offered for approval or confirma tion to a more popular assembly. Some charters require that the by-laws shall be approved by the judges of assize. Many corporations have the power of enforcing their by laws by fine and imprisonment, but these powers are very little exercised. The common councils have many other imperrtatt-ilifa to perform. They often nominate all the freemen ; they appoint and settle the salaries of the corporate officers ; they manage the corporate property. In many cases they elect the borough magistrates, and used to choose the mem bers of Parliament for the borough. They dispense the patronage belonging to the corporation, and distribute the charities of which the corporations are trustees. They are often commissioners under local acts. In several boroughs some or all of the duties here attributed to the common council are exercised by the aldermen, more rarely by the mayor alone. Other duties, which generally devolve on the members of the common council, independently of their share in the government of the corporation, belong to such among them as are judges of the civil courts, or magistrates, and in that capacity only : the exercise of these functions will be more conveniently noticed in a subsequent place. In scarcely any case do they legally receive any salary or emolument, either as members of the common council or magistrates. In London, allowances are made for regular attendance on the committees, in which the great mass of business is prepared for the consideration of the common council. The labour incurred by these committees is very great, for which the small sums so received are a very inadequate re compense. CORPORATE OFFICERS. 34. The duties intrusted to the several officers of the corporation vary so much, in consequence either of pre scriptive usage, by-laws, or the express directions of the charters, that the following account must be taken to re present that form of constitution only which is found to be most prevalent. The chief officers in most corporations, besides the mayor and recorder, are a town clerk, a coroner, and a chamberlain or treasurer. In those cities and towns which are counties there are also sheriffs. The mayor, re corder, town clerk, and sheriff, often have power to appoint deputies, to exercise in some cases the whole, in others a part only of their duties. Besides these principal officers, there is a great variety of subordinate officers, int o th e de tails of whose elections and functions it does not appear necessary to enter in a general view of the system of cor porations. 35. Many corporations have an officer called the high steward, whose legal connection with them is entirely hono rary. He is generally elected by the common council ; sometimes his election must be confirmed by the Crown. He is usually a nobleman, and seldom resident in the bo rough ; the office probably originated in the desire of the corporation to secure a patron, in connection with the me tropolis and court, to whose protection they might betake themselves in cases of difficulty or danger to their privi leges. In those boroughs which have a patron, in the sense usually attached to the word in more recent times, he is commonly found in the person of the high steward, and sometimes in that of the recorder. 36. The mayor or head of the corporation, under what ever name, besides being (either in person or by deputy) the president of the common council, as already stated, is the chief magistrate and executive officer of the corporation. The manner of his election has been already mentioned. In almost all boroughs returning members to Parliament he is the returning officer, except in those 'boroughs or cities which are counties. This duty is there usually exercised by the sheriff, as in the shires of the realm. The mayor usually presides at the quarter sessions for the borough, and is often a judge of the court of record, where such a court exists ; but the actual conduct of the business of the latter court generally devolves on other functionaries. He is often coroner ex officio, but many boroughs have a distinct officer for those duties. He is generally clerk of the mar kets, and sometimes keeper of the gaol ; he is occasionally treasurer of the corporation. In those boroughs which have local acts for the purposes of police, paving and lighting, &c., the mayor is usually a commissioner ex officio, and without other qualification. In a few ports, as at Roches ter, he is the admiral, to the exclusion of the Admiralty of England ; in others, as at Southampton, he has by charter a concurrent jurisdiction of that nature. He is often con servator of the rivers and waters adjoining the city or bo rough of which be is mayor. In numerous instances the appointment of the inferior officers of the corporation rests chiefly; or entirely with the mayor, and in many small places he practically unites in his person almost all the authority of the whole body. He com monly receives a salary. In some small boroughs, as at Buckingham, the whole of the corporate revenue is taken by him without account ; more usually a fixed sum is paid to him, besides tolls, which are often collected exclusively in his name and on his behalf. He is generally expected to exercise hospitality towards the other members of the corpora tion and distinguished visitors of the town ; and on the whole it is probable that more is expended in this manner than is realized from the ordinary emoluments of the office. In some boroughs no salary or emoluments of any kind belong 4.3 37. The recorder, sometimes called the steward, is elected in most cases by the common council ; in many others by the aldermen ; in some cases by the general body of the burgesses or freemen. Occasionally the consent of the Crown is requisite to his appointment. By the terms of most of the charters in which a recorder is named, he is re quired to be learned in the law. This condition is some times considered to be complied with by electing a peer of the realm, who being a judge by the constitution of Parlia ment, has been held to come within that technical descrip tion. Sometimes recorders have been chosen, notwithstand ing such a provision in the charter, who were neither peers nor educated to the legal profession. It has been stated that this office is sometimes filled by the individual who is com monly styled the patron of the borough. In most - of such cases, either there are no real functions to be exercised by the recorder, or he has the power of appointing a deputy, by whom most of his duties can be performed. 38. The recorder generally holds his office during good behaviour. He is the principal legal adviser of the corpo ration. His other duties are chiefly 'magisterial and judi cial. He is commonly a magistrate within the borough, and a judge of the courts of quarter session and record, where those exist. In some places the recorder is only as sessor to the justices. At Hull, Newcastle, Preston, and some other tows, be is not a judge of the court of record. He is seldom required to be resident in the borough. The deputy is sometimes a barrister ; but in numerous in stances the town-clerk practically officiates as deputy re corder, as will be noticed again when speaking of that offi cer. The salary attached to the office of recorder is, in the majority of cases, so trifling, as to be altogether nominal ; in many instances it has not been received for several years. In other cases the office has a large salary attached to it. 39. The office of Sheriff in a corporate town is the same as that exercised under the same name in the shires of the realm, and is found only in those cities and boroughs which are counties. In London the sheriffs are chosen by the li verymen from two lists, consisting of the aldermen and the nominees of the mayor ; besides which, any ,elector may name a candidate. At Carmarthen and Poole they are chosen by the freemen from among themselves ; at Bristol, Exeter, and Gloucester, by the common council, from themselves ; in Canterbury, by the mayor and alder men, from the citizens ; at Haverfordwest, by the freemen, from the nominees of the common council ; in Hull, by the freemen, from • two persons nominated by the common council ; in Southampton, practically by the common council, from those whe have ,served the subordinate office of bailiff ; in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, by the mayor ; in Lincoln, one is chosen by the common council, the other by the mayor elect ; both from the free men who have served the office of chamberlain. In no case is the sheriff of a corporate town nominated by the Crown. • Al l A Dimity of 181. per Annum, and a Life Interest. s TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION, -kt t h , By Mr. BULLOCK, 't Mart, on WEDNESDAY, April 29, at Twelve, by order of k r , the Assignee of an Insolvent Debtor, J.' Dividends during the Life of a Person, ~),„ fif ty-be years old, arisinr , from 5801. Three per Cent. Con 411,1311Zding in the names ' of four unexceptionable trustees. Also, ,tler a - :,% t Y of 181. per annum during the same life, granted by a the "'" now deceased, and whose executor has paid the same up ke kt , srti e sent it" me, the estate being aml!. of A,'` r• B ,141 rs ofu f Mr. Blake, solicitor, King's-road, Gray's Inn ; ock. Cit cln d Lease of a neat Chapel, Waterloo-road, Surrey. TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION. 1 11 By Mr. BULLOCK, 4,..t the Mart, on WEDNESDAY, April 29, at Twelve, . li t; New Jerusalem Church or Chapel, in hpe,i4t7'aterloo-ioad, Surrey, erected in the year 1829, under the !, 11 , 1 eri ~e nee of Mr. Roper, architect, and fitted-up with a „, - a nd pews to accommodate a congregation of 500 persons. 'av -. 'ehold for a term of 99 years from 1818, at a ground-rent ' ' it t he . 1 ) th e whole of which may be produced by the basement floor ed ,naild-tax is redeemed. There is a chapel-keeper's house, t„,te L 4 "essary appurtenances. k i 4 , l rs h v iewed on application to Mr. Cutler ; and printed parti -4 Mr. Bugby, solicitor, Castle -street, Holborn ; and ullock's offices, High Holborn. 'k it ,' BULLOCK respectfully announces he is 4 r ,v,„,,,,rected to SELL BY AUCTION, Next Month, unless ''lpt,v,,,S'y disposed of by Private Contract, in which he is fully 1 . , ) °1, 1i 4,: (1 1 _ , . a very desirable FREEHOLD ESTATE, situate at ,!'ilor l 'mil, Loughton, csex, 12 miles on the high-road from (lily hill, Epping, Cambridge, Szc., consisting of i spacious %lid s, s ouse, environed by its delightful gardens, pleasure a tul lawn, occupying four acres, laid out with good taste 'l‘ t teittl e , ed n .. !Ilan who has resided there for the last 10 years, and Oek eti 'lt_iter expense nor trouble in the . internal or external nu lliill, wi j s s• There are excellent out-buildings and offices of every " e 11 b.." good farm-yard, and 30 acres of productive land, in 114 brand `' v ation, the whole lying within a ring -fence, well watered, r tax redeemed. The propert is entitled to valuable Me : 'lll t of wood-cutting, digging gravel, and depasturage for 0 p The ti m b er w ill b e i nc l u d e d i n t h e purc h ase; a l so a copy b' I: r tte rY, with dwelling, let to an old 'and respectable tenant at vii: 4 4l l „ ann un 3 . l're a -r , Particulars of Mr. Bullock, No. 211, High Holborn, jt aft and lithographic view may be seen. B , S -ENCE of CAMOMILE and GINGER.— N i e i nes "is preparation is a compound of two of the most valuable lto tl it lierti el 01 the vegetable kingdom. It combines . the stonixchic the C ain uf the Ginger, with the aromatic and bitter qualities of k t i qig e ?! l iile Flower. By perseverance in the use of this Essence, of iti k f s ' 4 •e organs are recovered from a debilitated state, whether hi t hos ( ! °nl long continued excess, or a want of tone and energy Oils 1 , °4 - an •' d • nervous debility weakness lowness of tZ l it; ( t i l iY, s i t ' -Tie affections , e an ction l s n , flatulence, habitual relaxed 9 bowels, and tide abo v stomach, which certain the majority of cases) froha 11, 41, 24 , ° st sled causes. It is in affording instant relief in Tkli °te i n ' t v l. 4lent . sick head-aches. .This Essence is invaluable to 11 1 , irok "e iabit of drinking camomile tea, as a tea of any strength 1,,%t evi l be made with it, and at the same time avoiding the letri,• l ` "i‘ introducing so much unnecessary fluid into the stomach, t h ilii,'": 4 ltal to the digestive organs. 4 e i tl,i u 'esence is prepared only by Decimus Woodhouse operative lf,"ini L lB , Kivg William-street, New London-bridge; and sold 111 . . 11 43: 1 "tesa.le and retail ; also by Sanger, 150, .Oxford-street . _ ; ti l ;° l % ,' 3 , Ox ford-street ; and to be had of all Medicine venders ir t o :iti ef.iuntry. Country venders may be supplied through Sold Sr ents. `••••-•....„ 10 bottles at 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and 10s. 6d. each. NO,Nri , 30, STRAND. `" .---Tune—" Oh ! no, we never mention