The Sun. — London, England, 1848-12-21 00:00:00

NEW WORK BY THE AUTHOR OF " A PILGRIMAGE TO THE TEMPLES AND TOMBS OF EGYPT," &c. To-Morrow, in 3 vols. post Bvo., with a Portrait of the Author, THE BIRD OF PASSAGE• . Or, FLYING GLIMPSES OF MANY LANDS. By Mrs. ROMER, Author of " A Pilgrimage to the Temples and Tombs of Egypt," &c. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. ril F.ATRE Ko7AL, HAYMARK I . Mr. B. Webster, Sele Lessee and Manager. Old Brompton. The public is respectfully informed that this Theatre has, during the recess, undergone very extensive repairs and alterations and the whole re-decorated. THIS EVENING, Will be performed THE TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA. Valentine. Mr. Charles Kean ; Julia, Mrs. Charles Kean. After which, THE HONEYMOON. The Duke Aranza, Mr. Charles Kean ; Juliana, Mrs. Charles Kean. To conclude with a new Farce, entitled YOUR LIFE'S IN DANGER. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. rnder the direction of. Madame Celeste During the Recess this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the Original designs by Digby Wyatt, Rae., executed by Mr. Sang. A new Stage, Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved !pa lm of Ventilation, &c., &c. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs added to the Seats, and Stalls rendered more comfortable. THIS EVENING Will be performed a new Drama, founded on Mr. Dickens's Christ ram Book, entitled THE HALT I'iTED MAN. Mr. Bedlaw, Mr. Mughes: the Phcntow, Mr. 0. Smith ; A. Tetterby and Co., Mr Wright ; the Boy, Miss E. Chaplin; Milly, Miss Woolgar ; Mrs. Tet terby, Mrs. F. Matthews. To be followed by TIIE ENCHANTED •ISLE. Alonzo, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Prospero, Mr. 0. Smith ; Arid, Madame Celeste. To conclude with a new Farce called SLASHER AND CRASHER. Mr. sl..her, Mr. Wright; Mr. Crasher, Mr. Paul Redford. ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, Mr. ROBERT-HOUDIN will repeat his SOIREES FANTAS TIQUES THIS EVENING, to be continued every Tuesday, Thurs day, and ' 4 aturday undi the end of the Christmas vac Ltions. The Programme will include numerous experiments entirely new. Doors open at Eight. Boxes and Stalls may be secured at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street ; and at the Box-office. TO CORRESPONDENTS. No communication can be attended to upless authenti cated by the name and address of the writer. Rejected communications cannot be returned. TUE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, DECEMBER 21. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 25; Highest, 40; Noon, 31 BARomsTzs, 30.43. WIND E.N.E.; fine frosty weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning .. 38 rain after 10 Evening 2S min. after 11 ; , . A Mirld LONDON, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1148. Yesterday, December the 20th, 1848, Louis NA POLEON BONAPARTE, the son of Louis, King of Hol land, and HORTENSE BEIITHARNOIS, for five years a prisoner of Louis PHILIPPE in the fortress of Ham, the representative of the Imperial dynasty of NAPO laws, was solemnly proclaimed President of the French Republic, and assumed the Government of thirty-six millions of men, after taking the oaths pre scribed by the Constitution. When, in 1846, the Prince escaped from his prolonged incarceration, disguised as a workman, and bearing a plank upon his shoulder, he could scarcely have conjectured that before two years had elapsed he would be installed in the Palace of the Elys6 Bourbon as the supreme ruler of his country. Destiny in all her freaks could scarcely have shifted the scenes more suddenly or more surprisingly. It brings to our recollection the time when the author of the Natchez, Ambassador from Louis XVIII. to the Court of St. James's, called to mind the days when he occupied a poor lodging, at six shillirgs a week, in the upper floor of a corn-dealer's house in a small street running into Tottenham-court-road ; it reminds us of the moment when, passing into the drawing-rooms of the embas • sage, amidst silken hangings tissued with gold and embroidery, overwhelmed in his passage by the words " Monseigneur, my Lord, your Excellency, Monsieur l'Ambassadeur," he burst forth, in his heart, into the following touching apostrophe : " I pray you, gentlemen, leave me I A truce to thest my Loris ! what do you wish me to do for you? G. laugh in your offices just as if I was not here! Do no , pretend to make rue believe there is anything real in thi' masqu. rade I Do not think lam fool enough to ima gine that I have chanced my nature merely because 1 have changed my dress I The Marquis of Llndonderry has just called, you say-, the Dukt, of Wellington ha , left his card; Mr. Canning has also been here; Lady Jersey expects me to dinner to meet Mr. Brougham; Lady Gwydir hopes fur my presence at ten o'clock, in her box at the opera; Lady Man field, at midnight, at - Alm a elcs. " Mercy! where shall I hide myself? who will deliver mF ? who will snatch me away from these persecutions? Return! 0 charming days of my misery and solitude! Revive! companions of my exile! Come, my old coal radet, with your camp•beds and plies of straw; let us gointo the country, into the little garden of an Nimbi, tavern, and drink a cup of tea seated on a wooden bench, and let us talk of our fo,dish hopes, and our un• grateful country; let us detail our troubles and out means of mutual assistance—how to succour some of mu friends more necessitous than even uurselves."—D'Outre Tornbe, 1., 233. Inasmuch, however, as the Prince Louis NAPO LEON is a very different man from the Viscomte DE CHATEAUBRIAND, we conjecture that his reveries during the first blush of his pre sent extraordinary exaltation must be of a marvellously different complexion. Pleasant as his evening discussions with Doctor CONNEAU may have been when imprisoned together in Picardy, agreeable as may have been his dinners in St. James's-square, with Count ALFRED D OasAx, and others, his favourite companions—we doubt very much whether he would xecal those periods of domestic felicity for the pomps and the power so congenial to his ambi tion, and of which he is now beginning to realise the enjoyment. The moment of his elevation to the ra.,k of First Magistrate in France is, nevertheless, not precisely the occasion upon which he can find leisure to expatiate to the full in the sense of his novel and propitious destinies. Other duties are im posed upon him by the votes of some six millions of electors ; and foremost among these duties the re sponsibility of constructing and consolidating his Government. From the little that has yet been allowed to trans pire as to the character of the new Administration, it would appear that the President is resolved, if possible, to effect a satisfactory amalgamation of parties ; mingling together in his Cabinet the men of the Veille and the Lenderrtain—the sincere Republicans and the quasi Republicans—the earnest Democrats and the quondam Royalists. To do this will require no little tact, and a very abundant resolution. From the course pursued since the commencement of the Presidential election by the Imperial candidate, we are sanguine as to his capacity to encounter the diffi culties of his position. His treatment of that brigand of journalism, 111. EMILE DE GIRARDIN, gives ample promise of the keenness of his discernment and of the vigour of his determinations. According to the programme of the new Ministry, the following will probably be the statesmen employed in the different departments : Odilon Barrot General Rulhieres Hippolyte Passy Drouyn de Lhuys Leon de Malleville De Tracy .. Leon Faucher .. Bixio ... .., ••• President of the Council and Minister of Justice. ••• War. ••• Finance. ••• Foreign Affairs. ... Interior. Marine. Public Works. Commerce. Public Instruction. Army of the Alps. Command of the Na tional Guard And among the more strictly hypothetical ap pointments : Lamartine De Fallout Marshal B ugeaud Chaugarnier . Vice-President of the Republic. Cavaignac ... Governor of Algeria. Boulay (de la Meurthe)... Prefect of the Seine. Itebillot D übost .. Prefect of Police. .. Director of the Post office. In addition to the foregoing it is conceived that M. TRIERS may be induced to accept the Ambassa dorship to England—a post filled, since the departure of M. BEAUMONT by the Chargé d'AffaireS, M. DE MONTHEROT, a nephew of M. DE LAMARTINE. Altogether the scheme drawn out by the Prince Pre sident for his initiatory Administration is of a character deserving a large portion of the confidence of the French multitude. The dubious partialities of M. ODILON BARROT will be counterbalanced by the staunch Republicanism and well-tested patriotism of M. DE LAMARTINE. The questionable sincerity of M. Taigas will be equipoised by the rigid truthful ness of General CAVAIGNAC. The fickle allegiance of Marshal BUGEAUD will be Compensated by the consistent adhesion of Bum. And, although some of the more melancholy-minded Republicans may look with dismay at the installation of Prince Louis NAPOLEON as President in the palace of the Elysee Bourbon, their hearts ought to be re-assured by the probable installation, within a few days, of M. DE LAMAETINE as Vice-President in the palace of the Conseil d'Etat on the Quai d'Orsay. Strange, in truth, have been the vicissitudes of events since the morrow of the battle of Waterloo ! In the very edifice—the palace of the Elysee Bourbon —in which his nephew is now established as chief administrator of affairs in France, the EMPEROR signed his abdication in favour of NAPOLEON 11., there he listened to the shouts of the populace beyond the iron gates of the court-yard, calling to him, weep ing to him, imploring him in all the various terms of endearment, in which he was ad dressed alike by the people and the soldiery, Le Petit Corporal! Le Pere Violet! Le Petit Toudu! adjuring him in the name of his own glory and of theirs to place himself once more at their head, declaring that they would die or conquer in the defence of his empire. The self-sacrifice and self denial of the Emperor NAPOLEON, in preferring his own downfal to the chances of a murderous civil war, have received their posthumous recompense; and the very man who, after closing the eyes of his Imperial master, recorded this magnificent act of patriotism, survives to rejoice in the six millions of votes be stowedKng. upon ceee r e t l h e m d e e s s : c RenodLaonilt is o f at the last EEmperor and g the fruits of his double Captivity. We have repeatedly directed the public attention to the most glaring defect still existing in the admi nistration of the criminal law—the want of a respon sible public prosecutor, who should decide upcn the cases to be brought forward, and without whose ex press sanction and authority no bill of indictment should be sent before a grand jury. Under the pre sent system the most serious offences may escape punishment, while innocent parties may be subjected to serious incon►enience, expense, and annoy ance. It is notorious that prosecutions are got up at every sessions and assizes, not for the purpose of bringing the guilty to justice, and of en forcing a due obedience to the law, but for the grati fication of private malignity and revenge, or as a means of coercion or extortion. The presiding Judges constantly feel themselves called upon to censure the mode in which cases brought before the Court are conducted. Perhaps material witnesses are absent when their evidence is most urgently required. This very case occurred at York, on Monday last, on a trial for murder, when Baron ALDERSON was compelled to postpone the case, and cause the jury to be locked up, while the missing witnesses were sought. Again the facts are frequently brought before the Court in a clumsy and inartificial manner. Circumstances of the utmost importance are slurred over or disregarded, and criminals, of whose guilt there can be no rational doubt, escape the punishment due to their crimes through the inexperience, or, perhaps, the designed negligence, of those entrusted with the conduct of the prosecution, the party aggrieved not being desirous of obtaining a conviction. Thus the majesty of the law is brought into contempt and disrepute, and its wholesome provisions are violated with impunity. But it is still worse when that law which should afford protection to all is converted into an instru ment of oppression and persecution—when innocent men are dragged before the criminal tribunals, and compelled to stand a trial on the most frivolous pre texts. Bills of indictment may be preferred without the slightest notice to the parties accused ; grand juries will adjudicate thereon without any opportu nity being afforded to the defendants of explaining the circumstances, or proving their entire innocence of the charges ; warrants will thereupon be issued, and the parties dragged from their hou.es and business with, perhaps, the most ruinous consequences to them selves, and compelled to incur a heavy expenditure in preparing their defence, an expenditure which they cannot recover, as it is beneath the dignity of the Crown to pay costs. Thus malignant scoundrels may, without the slightest authority, make use of the name of the SOVEREIGN for their own vile purposes, and shelter themselves beneath the Royal prerogative from the oily punish ment that can be awarded, viz., being rendered liable for the costs of the defence. We say the only punishment, because the tardy and doubtful result of a civil action for malicious prosecution affords a practical impunity to the offender. It is perfectly notorious that many persons obtain an infamous livelihood by preferring false accusations against innocent persons, getting the bills found by the grand juries, and then obtaining money from the defendants for the withdrawal of the charge:. Men wholly unconnected with the legal profession, who pretend that they are clerks to respectable attorneys, and use their names without the slightest authority, move about the courts, and are ready " to get up cases," as it is termed, on the most frivolous and insufficient grounds. Such per sons are little scrupulous as to the means they will adopt when a prospect of gain is opened before them. It would be impossible to detail the enormous extent to which this grave abuse has been carried. A strong practical illustration of the possible results of the present system occurred at the Old Bailey on Tues day last, in which the liberty of the subject was most seriously infringed upon. A police constable named GRLNT was indicted on that day before the Recorder, for wilful and corrupt perjury. The prisoner had taken the prosecutor into custody, and brought him before the Lord Mayor for hawking without a licence, and it was on the allegation of perjury upon that occasion that the prosecution was instituted. There was a formal error in the indictment that would have been fatal had there been any real foundation for the accusation. The indictment charged the prisoner with having given false information in writing, whereas it ap peared that the evidence had been given orally. This mistake would have given impunity if the party had been actually guilty. As, however, his learned counsel felt perfectly confident on the merits of the case, he refrained from relying on the formal objec tion, and the result fully justified the course adopted. The statement of the prosecutor himself elicited the remark from the Recorder that " the evidence went very far to prove the charge of hawking without a licence," and another witness subsequently contra dicted the prosecutor on the most material part of the charge. Here, then, was a perfectly innocent man, who had at all times borne an unimpeachable character, and who had received the higest testi monials from those under whom he had served, sub jected to the most vexatious persecution for the proper discharge of his duty. But other circum stances were elicited that showed the manner in which such prosecutions are too frequently got up, and the motives by which the prosecutors are animated. A person named JOHNSON, who acted as attorney for the prosecution, although in no manner connected with the legal profession, hid actually gone to the wife of the defendant, and told her that her husband was charged with an offence as bad as murder, and so much was the victim of the present system terrified by his conduct, that a premature confinement was brought on, and it is yet doubtful whether she can J recovereosoafmtcompromis e oron oy r itszt t b z which e as duringchargehadsmalloffered expressr, and di c t a t e d to one of the to h ad say, v a n a i n s h d e w d h f e r n o m c a the lled Court witnesses what h e acquitted, and could nowhere b e f ound. Of course the pri soner was immediatelvf strong J t e and the Learned Recorder comniena inand most deserved language on the conduct His Lordship said, " that it was impossible trase°o7,i remarking the extreme danger of persons who were supposed to be acting for attorneys conducting prosecu tions on behalf of the Crown. It was net merely the inconvenience of having a man of straw to de a l w i th, but it gave an opportunity of perverting the criminta law to the worst purpose." This opportunity is indeed afforded under the present system, and the criminal law will be perverted and made the instrument of op pression and extortion until the appoint ment of a duly qualified and fully respon sible officer to act as Crown prosecutor, whose previous sanction shall, in every instance, be given to every case before it is made the subject of judicial investigation. Until that is the case we shall hare many instances similar to that of poor GRANT, who has been subjected to serious expense and annoyance, and whose wife may perhaps lose her life in consequence of the unprincipled acts of a mock attorney, and the facilities afforded to those desirous of abusing the forms of law. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. As the Government had received information that it was the intention of certain evil-disposed persons to take advantage of the ceremony of the inauguration of the President of the Republic, for the purpose of endeavouring to raise an emeute in the streets of Paris, it was judiciously arranged between the Government of General CAVAIGNAC and that of the President Louis NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, that the ceremony of the official proclamation of the President should take place on Wednesday instead of on Thursday, so that the disaffected being taken by surprise, might be thus prevented from disturbing the public tranquillity. Accordingly, at four o'clock yesterday afternlon, the President elect proceeded to the National Assembly, when the report of the Committee of Scrutiny was read, which gate the following as the number of suffrages recorded : Louis NAPOLEON BONAPARTE ... 5,434,226 General EUGENE CAVAIGNAC ... 1,448,107 The report having been read, General CAVAIGNAC, as President of the Council and Chief of the Execu tive, ascended the tribune and announced the resig nation of his colleagues and himself. LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, having taken the oaths to the Constitution, was then officially pro claimed President of the French Republic by the President of the NationallAssembly, M. MARRAST. The PRESIDENT of the REPUBLIC then addressed the National Assembly in a short speech, in the course of which he announced that he had empowered M. ODILON BARROT to form a Ministry, and then left the Assembly. A procession was afterwards formed, and the Presi dent of the Republic was conducted to his official resi dence, the Palace of the Elyse, National, ci-devant Elysee Bourbon. The following is the report of the proceedings : NATIONAL ASSEMBLY. SITTING OF WEDNESDAY, DEC. 20. _ . M. Waldeck Rousseau rose to say that the Commit tee had charged him to announce to the National As sembly that the citizen Louis Napoleon Bonaparte had been duly nominated President of the Republic.— (Marks of satisfaction.) The President—General Cavaignac demands to speak. —(Deep silence.) General Cavaignac (in a firm voice)—l come here to inform you that I have just received the collective resig nation of the Ministry. I have also to state that I have now to remit into your hand the office of President of the Council, which you were pleased to entrust to me. The Assembly will be able to comprehend better than I am able to express all the gratitude that I feel to it for the great kindness which it has been pleased to testify to wards roe all the time that I exercised that power.—(Loud cheers, which lasted some time.) The Hon. General then, on descending from the Tri bune, passed his former place and seated himself lower down on the Left, near the place where M. de Lamartine usually sits. The Pre.ident—l now shall put the report of the:com mittee to the vote. This was done, and every member, without exception, stood up in its favour. The President, in a loud voice, though somewhat broken with emotion, then said:—ln the name of the French people, before God, and in presence of the Na tional Assembly —seeing that Louis Napoleon Bonaparte has obtained the absolute majority required by Arts. 47 and 48 of the Constitution—l proclaim him to be Pre sident of the French Republic Democratic, one and indi • visible, from the present day to the second Sunday of May, 1852. I invite the new President to come for ward and take the oath required by the Constitution. [M. Louis Napoleon then came forward and ascended the tribune.] The following is the oath :—" Before God, and in the presence of the French people, repre sented by the National Assembly, I swear to remain raithful to the Republic, and that I shall always forward its interests, in all respects." Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, in a loud voice—l swear.—(The loudest cries of " Viva la Republique!" here arose; one voice responding with the cry of " Vive 12 Constitution!") The President—The tribune is to the President of the Republic.—(Marks of the greatest interest.) The President of the Republic then read an address with a firm voice, and with good emphasis. Ile declared that the office to which he was called by the votes of the French nation should be fulfilled by him like a man of honour. He should always carry out what France had now brought to conclusion. He could not suppose that there could be any dissent between him and the Na tional Assembly, as they were both actuated by the same views of supporting and maintaining these institu tions—which were the base of society—to alleviate the cuff' rings of all classes, to restrain those who ware misled, and to restore confidence to the country. Lie had need of a firm Government; and he had called ar.)und him men of acknowledged ability and patriotism. The Honourable President then expressed his admiration at the manner in which his predecessor in the chief power had performed his duties, and concluded by expressing his hope that the Assembly would aid himself in the ar duous task a hich he was about to enter on. This address, of which we can only give a sketch at present, was exceedingly well received by the Assembly, and was followed by loud cheers, and The President of the Republic then left the tribune, and going down the centre of the House, pro ceeded to the seat of General Caraignac, and shook him warmly by the hand. _ _ This act was again hailed with marks of unmitigat-d satisfaction, the Members of the Assembly, however, applauding as in a theatre, by a loud clapping of hands. The President—l have to state to the Assembly, that M. 0. Barrot has been empowered to form a new Ministry. The President of the Republic then left the Assembly, in company with M. 0. Barrot, M. L. de Malleville. and other representatives. The President—Will the Assembly proceed with the discussion which was commenced.— (Loud cries of "No.") The representatives then hastened from the Chamber, and the hall was empty in half a minute. It was then a quarter to five. It was observed that in descending from the tribune the new President of the Republic advanced towards General Cavaignac, who was sitting in his old place, at the end of the Ministerial bench, and tendered him his hand. General Cavaignac appeared to be taken by sur prise. He did not at once accept the proffered hand of the Prince; but then, as if suddenly discovering what was intended, he shook it cordially. The whole pro ceeding was received with loud shouts of applause by the Assembly. Some of the Members afterwards blamed General Cavaignac for the coldness he showed in not rising to receive the salutation of the Prince, though at, that time he had been proclaimed President of the Re public; but it was complained that the whole proceeding was so unexpßcted that it was some time before General Cavaignac discovered what was meant. It appears that on the part of Prince Louis Napoleon the proceeding was quite spontaneous. The .Estafette of yesterday evening gives the fol lowing account of the intentions of the new Go vernment with respect to the filling of some high offices : " Some modifications were agreed upon this morning, in a council held at the hotel of the future President of the Republic, respecting high civil, military, and judi cial functionaries. M. Coralli, representative of the people, who was at one time spoken of for the Prefecture of Police, is, it is said, to replace M. Come as Procu• reur•General of the Court of Appeal of Paris. M. Ger main Sarrat, representative of the people, is, it is added, to be Prefect of Police, and M. Belmontel Secretary- General. M. Pons (de l'Herault), who was Prefect of Lyons during the hundred days, and who procured the return of Napoleon from:the island of Elba, is mentioned for the Prefecture of the Seine. The direction of the National printing-office will, it is said, be given to M. A. Mie (de la Dordogne). All these new combinations are founded on the desire of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte to give guarantees to the Republicans of the Veille, who are known for their probity." The same journal says : " The political meetings of the future President of the Republic are held at the residence of his uncle, Jerome Bonaparte, where only persons in their intimacy are received. It is there that are elaborated all the plans which Louis Bonaparte intends to propose to the National Assembly. All the members of the family are present at these meetings." " If we are correctly informed," says the Estafette, " the first act of authority of the President of the Republic will be to demand the abrogation of the law which pronounces exile against the two last branches who occupied the throne of France.' On Tuesday night the Club of the Institute had a meeting, and, after a 'long discussion, it was resolved, on the motion of M. GAENIER PAGES, that it should be dissolved, and reconstructed on different principles. It is said to be the intention of the new President to send an expedition to Civita Vecchia for the resto ration of the POPE. M. EMILE DEGIRARDIN has set off in high dudgeon for Creuse. Poor man be cannot find a purchaser. BOURSE—PARIS, WEDNESDAY, DEC. 20. THREE O'CLOCY.—The prices of the French Funds opened much lower than they closed at yesterday, but recovered again towards the end of the Bourse; still, however, showing a d ec li ne on yesterday's quotations 12,000 f. Rentes Five per Cents., 6,000 f. of Three per Cents., and 17,500 f. of the Loan were " discounted." A great sensation was created by the announcement of the , a nd a int Amand iens, Liege, 5 1 y —Northern Proclamation of the President to-day, by the National Assembly. LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, DEC. 20. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TAB Bo I (10/ 1 ) og 2l e 'Paris and Strasimourg, %—*Weat:Flauders, 7%—Orleans and Bordeaux —Demerara, r N a r o a r , t h 4— e r n L u o x f e m F r b a o n u e r e g , Ih—Paris and Rouen, 184- 3 ROu 2 en - and Havre, 9/ 2 —Sambre and AleuseZ3 SPAIN. OPENING OF THE CORTES. Madrid journals of the 15th have arrived. The QUEEN on that day opened the Cortes in per son. Her MAJESTY proceeded in grand procession, accompanied by the great officers of state, from the Palace to the Hall of Congress. Queen CHRISTINA formed part of the royal procession. The streets were crowded, but there was no demonstration what ever of popular feeling. The following is a translation of her MAJESTY'S speech : "Senors, Senators, and Deputies, "It has never been more satisfactory to me than now to see myself in the midst of you, after the days of proof which we have passed through; and I confidently hope that you will never have come more resolved to consecrate your efforts and zeal to the support of the throne, and of the constitution of the monarchy. "The Holy See, as was to be expected from its pa ternal solicitude, has completely re-established its ancient relations with Catholic Sprain; but in announcing to an event, I ca nno t b u t recor d ano th er fatal an s dp h a a i p n p ful one. The High Pontiff has seen him self obliged to abandon the capital of the Catholic world, and to seek a refuge in a foreign land. In such painful circumstances I have not hesitated to offer him the sup port of Spain, and a safe and cordial asylam in this ever Catholic and pious nation. The relations with the other foreign Powers, I have pleasure in announcing it, have extended considerably— the Governments of Prussia, Sardinia, Austria, and Tus cany, having successively sent their representatives near my person. " The friendly relations which have always subsisted between two neighbouring people, united by so many and such ancient bonds, have been established with the new French Republic. " Disagreeable events, which it was not in the hands of my Government to avoid, have occasioned the inter ruption of diplomatic relations with England, but I trust that they will be re-established as is befitting to two friendly nations, as soon as the acts and instructions of my Government are duly appreciated. "In the midst of the unexpected and profound dis turbances which have agitated Europe, Spain has re mained faithful to the throne and the institutions ; sedi tion, nevertheless, has at times raised its head, staining with blood the very streets of the capital, and the cities and fields of the Peninsula; but although the most op posite factions were united in an abominable alliance, they have had to succumb everywhere before the good sense and loyalty of the people, the valour and disci pline of the army, and energetic decision of the Govs rn ment and the authorities. In Catalonia alone there re main rebel forces, which I hope will very shortly dis appear. "To this happy result the measures adopted by my Government, in use of the extraordinary powers which you had conferred upon it in the last session, have effi caciously contributed, experience having shown the foresight and skill with which the Cortes proceeded in granting that authorisation. . . . " The provinces beyond the seas, both in America and in Asia, enjoy, under the tutelary shade of the mother country, a prosperity ever on the increase; their con stant and recognised fidelity has not only liberated them from the disasters which have afflicted the colonies of other countries in those regions, but has permitted them to lend disinterested and efficacious assistance to those who in their dangers and tribulations thought, with reason, that they should not vainly appeal to Castilian chivalry. _ " The army has preserved its severe subordination and discipline in the midst of the crisis through which Eu rope is passing, and it owes to them and to its valour, the high place which it occupies in the esteem of the nation, and in my own. " United to the National Marine, it has caused our posses ions in Africa to be respected by the insubordi nate Moorish bands, and in Asia has conquered the pi rates who infested those seas, destroying their estab lishments and fortifications, taking possession of their ships and numerous artillery, and giving liberty to a great number of Christian captives. In the Peninsul4 it has sustained the Throne and the Constitution against every kind of sedition. " Events which are well known to you have not al lowed, as yet, all the results to be obtained which must be expected from the plan of contributions voted by the Cortes some years back, nor the just equilibrium be tween the public income and expenditure; it has been principally to this cause that my Govornment has seen itself in the necessity of making use of the autho risation that you conceded to it, decreeing and exacting an anticipation of 100 millions, of which an account shall be given you in due form. • " The budget and corresponding accounts shall be im mediately presented to you, in order that, being examined by the Cortes with the wisdom and circumspection they are wont to do, the public service may be at once assured, and the improvements which commerce and agriculture reclaim may be introduced. "The rights of the creditors of th e St a t e , b o th national and foreign, have been taken into account with no less interest. In of the costly sacrifices which the nation. made, and is making, to assure the peace of the monarchy, my Government will not fail to call all your attention and care to the means most conducent to improve public credit, doing justice to its creditors. " Notwithstanding the unhappiness of the times, little suitable certainly for the development of public pros perity, still considerable improvements have been made in different parts of the administration of the State, and others no less important are being completed, both in the branches which depend on the home and naval depart ments, and on those at the charge of the Mihistry of Instructi-n and Public Works. "My Government will inform you in detail of all other matters, and will present to )on the necessary laws, in order to carry into due effect a hat may be proposed. " In virtue of the authorisation granted to my Go vernment in the preceding session, the new penal code has been put in vigour, in the dispositions of which it has been necessary to make some alterations, of which an account shall be given you in due season. " Other laws will also be presented to you, which the public advantage imperiously reclaims, that relate to the permanent and decorous dotation of public worship, and the clergy requiring to occupy the principal place amongst them. " Such is, Senors, Senators, and Deputies, the general aspect of the state of the country, and of the labours of the present session. Never have been required more spirit and resolution to carry forward the work com menced, to affirm and strengthen the Throne and the constitution of the State against the reiterated efforts of rebellion and of anarchy; but I count on your decision and firmness, and on the patriotism and loyalty of ve le:ch you have given me so many proofs; and I count, above all, on the assistance of Divine Providence, to whom th s great and generous nation has never addressed itself in vain." The Popular, which is the evening Ministerial journal, contains the following:— " We have been informed that the Queen, our gracious Sovereign, has separated from her service the Senors Vasallo, Conde de Cumbres, Atlas, and Marquis of San. tinge, respecting whom it a pp ears t h at s h e has signifiesher will that they leave Madrid. We are told that so severe a d eterm i nat i on h as arisen fr o m their having made a u se o f th e august name o f h er Majesty, so much the more l amenta b le and unworthy, inasmuch as it appears in a writing addressed to one of the authorities, and by an irresponsible person, and who, in doing so, made a shameful abuse of the name of the good-natured Queen of Spain." The writing alluded to was a request from the QUEEN, to certain military officers, to free her from the odious tyranny of NARVAEZ. Don J. CORTINA betrayed the QUEEN to th e Dictator. GERMANY AND THE NORTHERN STATES. RESOURCES OF HUNGARY. In consequence of the systematic misrepresentations of the reactionary press of all countries, and of the jealous supervision of all letters passing through Austria by the authorities of the Government, it is almost impossible to obtain anything like accurate intelligence of what is passing in Hungary. The French National, however, publishes a letter from its correspondent on the frontiers, setting forth the actual amount and condition of the Hungarian forces, the respective Austrian corps d'armee to which they are opposed, and de scribing the actual state of affairs in Hungary on the 10th of December last. Up to that date, not withstanding the repeated assertion of the reactionary prints, hostilities had not commenced, and no Hun garian squadrons or battalions had passed over to the Austrians, as those prints have falsely asserted. Hun gary at that time was menaced with invasion from four different points, viz., from Transylvania, the Banat, Croatia, and the frontiers of Austria, and the following dispositions had been made by Hungary for defending herself against these aggressions. General Bens, at the head of 15,000 men, was on the frontiers of Transylvania, where he kept in check 15,000 Austrians who occupied Klausen bourg, under General Puchner. To these forces which are ready to invade Hungaryfrom Transylvania must be added a portion of the Saxon and Valaque tribes, who have declared for Austria, whilst the Szekiers, a warlike race of Magyar origin, a fighting and brave nation inhabiting the frontiers, are in arms for the Magyars, and admirably second the operations of the army of General Bern. On the south, in the Banat of Temeswar, is stationed under the orders of General Feller, the ar.rny destined to act against the Servians. This is the largest of the Hungarian armies, and amounts to 60,000 men, half of whom are veteran troops. The line of operation of this army extends from the Theiss to the Danube. In possession of the fortresses of Eszek and Peterwaradin this force has opposed to it 10,000 Austrians, who occupy the fortified towns of Temeswar and Arad, which this army is besieging. These 10,000 Austrians are supported by the Servian population of the Lower Danube. The Polish Legion, one of the battalions of which is under the command of Major Wysocki, forms a part of this second army. In tracing up the Drave towards Waradin, we find the third Hungarian army, of 8,000 men, all effective regular troops, destined to act against Agram. General Perczel, who some months since took the entire corps of General Roth prisoners, commands this third army. It is opposed to 10,000 Austrians and the Croatian Landwehr. Lastly, the army of the west, or of Presburg, which is intended to act against Windischgratz and Jellachich, is composed of 40,000 men, and is under the orders of General Gorgey. It is opposed by 43,000 Austrians, who have been :reinforced by the army of Simmonitch. To these forces must be added 20,000 National Guards, well armed, all the Land strum, and a body of Poles in the north, occupying the defiles of the Karpathian mountains, from Kubin Kaesmar to Eperiez and Unghvar, and preventing the entrance into Hungary of any hostile force from Galli cia. This army of the Karpathians, which acts in combi nation with the army of the East, is also under the command of General Bern. The effective force of the regular Hungarian troops consists of— 21 battalions of infantry (veterans) ; 56 ditto (newly raised) ; 9 ditto (raised by individuals whose names they bear) ; 21 squadrons of hussars (veterans); 32 ditto (newly raised). These 32 newly-raised squadrons are composed ex clusively of old soldiers who have been used to war. 150 pieces of field artillery complete these important means of defense. The general spirit of the army is excellent, and with the exception of some few members of the high aristoc racy, the whole population of Hungary is devoted, heart and soul, to the cause of independence. Arms, not men, are wanted, but every day an additional number of muskets is distributed to the people. Notwithstand ing the most active surveillance of Austria, the Hungarians constantly receive arms from abroad. A manufactory of arms established at Pesth supplies daily 500 muskets. Another is at work in the county of Gemar, and at Carsovic, at Debraczer, at Great Waradin, in every manufacturing town, in short, all the artizans are employed in manufacturing arms Presburg, Comora, and Pesth are fortified. Ammuni tion is abundant, and the financial resources of Hun gary are good, as her gold mines supply sufficient bullion for her wants. There has been an issue of paper money guaranteed on the domains of the Crown, which have been con fiscated, and these notes are accepted in preference even to the golden ducats which Kossuth has recently caused to be coined. The union of the Hungarian nation is due to the moderation of Kossuth, whose dictatorship has been universally accepted because he is the representative of order as well as of force. The reactionary prints represent Hungary as a prey to the most anarchical disorder; such is not the case, never was Hungary more orderly, never were the laws better obeyed there than they are at present. But this is not the only falsehood which the reactionary journals have circulated with regard to Hungarian affairs. It is not true, for example, that the Hungarians shot General Phillippovitch at Pesth, it is not true that Mazzaros went to 011mutz to make propositions to the Emperor, and the most ridiculous of all these fabrications is, that which pre tends that the Hungarians had opened negotiations to procure the passage of Kossuth to America. Windischgratz can advance upon Pesth by two routes, that of the banks of the Danube by Comora, and that (by far the longest) which, leading to the south, joins the route by the Plattensee. In the first case, admitting that he should take Presburg, without the possession of which it will be impossible for him to advance, the troops which defend that town would fall back upon Raab and Comora, and reinforce the troops destined for the defence of this latter fortress, which is at present garrisoned by six battalions of regular infantry. In the second case, the army of Presburg, ad vancing rapidly into Austria, might by a coup de main take Vienna, which would in that case be left undefended, and thus decide the question in the heart of the Empire. Not content with the imposing forces which are marching against Hungary, the Emperor Ferdinand has deigned to afford his moral sup port to the anti-Hungarian cause, and this Noble Prince has terminated his career by one of those acts of infamy for the perpetration of which the massacres of Gallicia had prepared us. In a proclamation addressed to the Slovacks of Northern Hungary, sigm d by the royal hand, which proclamation was seized on the 4th of Decem ber at Kubin, in the county of Arva, the ex-Emperor Ferdinand urges his faithful peasants to murder without mercy all the Hungarian landed proprietors, because, says this proclamation, of the "mild and good," they are opposed to the abolition of the cervdes. It is difficult to imagine anything more atrociously perfidious ; but all persons of intelligence have long since done justice to this detestable course of policy, which can now deceive none but those who are in the most degraded state of brutal ignorance. AUSTRIA. The Allgemeine Zeitung contains the following : " Three Archdukes have been sent to announce to the Great Powers the accession to the throne of the new Em peror— one to Frankfurt, one to Berlin, and the third to St. Petersburgh. Ordinary envoys are to announce this historical event to the Courts of Paris and St. James. Wherefore this distinction in the choice of envoys? To wards France it is easily explained. The Sovereign of Austria need not send an Imperial Prince to announe his accession to the President of the French Republic; but . this cannot be said as regards England, the land of royalty, of aristocracy, and etiquette par excellence. " What will be said at London, where both rank and position are held in such high estimation, and where the slightest breach of etiquette is looked upon almost as a crime in the higher circles ? What will be said on this preference given to the Court of St. Petersburgh over that of St. James, on the important occasion of announcing the accession of a new Emperor to the throne of Austria ? We must ad mit that the Austrian Ministry considered twice before they took this important step, which may be at tended with serious consequences ; and if we are not mistaken the only object was, that emancipated Austria wished to make a demonstration against the perfidious policy of Lord Palmerston towards the Imperial State, so much shaken since the commencement of this fatal year, until Radetzky interposed his sword, declaring: So far and no further." We are rejoiced to find the Austrian Government thus giv:ng vent to its discontent with, and dislike of England, because there can now be no reason whatever for maintaining an Ambassador Extraordinary at the Austrian Court, when the actual work required can be much more effectually done by a man or business, accredited as Charge d'Affaires, at about half the salary paid to the Ambassador. The " higher circles," those who look upon" almost th e slightest breach of etiquette " as `°a crime ? " will no doubt be shocked and horrified at not having " our Ambassador" to call upon and to dine with at Vienna ; but the industrious classes will no longer consent to pay an enormous salary to " our Ambassador" wh en they can get the work of the nation more effectually done for less than half the money; and the fact that " ourAmbassador"isrecalled, never t o b e re-accredi ted, and a man of business sent to Vienna, in his stead, will enlighten the minds of the Austrian and teach them that in England political p ower i s rapidly passing away from the "higher" to the " industrious classes." It is said that propositions of marriage have been made to the young EMPEROR through a diplomatic channel. There was nothing certain known in Vienna from Hungary. The rumour that Presburg had been taken is acknowledged by the Austrian Government to be without foundation. That there has been much hard fighting may be gathered from the fact that the wounded are brought into Vienna every day in great numbers, and that the victory was with the Hungarians may also be assumed from the silence of the Austrian Government, as there can be no doubt but that had the battle been even a drawn one the Imperialists would have claimed the victory. A division of JELLAcnicies Croats has been de feated by the Hungarians at liittsee. Th e y a tt ac k ed the Croats in the trenches which they had just forti fied, carried them by storm, and put every Croat to the sword. The Cologne Gazette says—" The Committee of Finance propose to grant a loan of sixty millions of florins instead of eighty, as demanded by the Govern ment. The Minister of Finance has submitted to the Financial Committee a declaration of the Cabinet, stating that the concessions made by their Emperor FERDINAND are recognised by his successor as duties which have devolved upon him with the Imperial crown. The position of Hungary with regard to the rest of the monarchy could not yet be determined. The Minister declared in the course of the conversa tion that there was no appreheiision that the example of Prussia would be followed by Austria, because it would be utterly impracticable here, even if the Go vernment desired it." The Imperial war council in Temesvvar has issued a proclamation, enumerating many gross excesses committed by the Hungarians, and threatening se vere reprisals if these excesses are continued. The Frankfort Deutsche Zeitung, of the 17th, states, in a correspondence from Kremsier, under date Dec. 11, that one of the Deputies, a Ru thenian peasant, named KOBYLICA, had returned to his home in the Bukowina, and had been proclaimed king, with a body-guard of 1,000 armed peasants. The new Sovereign, acting as he proclaimed, in the name of the EMPEROR, dispossessed the public functionaries, and distributed the property of the rich landowners amongst his followers. In the same cor respondence, it is asserted that the Minister of Finance, lißAus, had drawn out of the bank twenty millions of florins, in anticipation of the eighty millions which he has demanded from the Diet. PRUSSIA. Accounts have been received from Berlin to the 18th. The city was not only tranquil but gay. The Christmas fair had commenced, and notwith standing the state of siege, Berlin is described as being one large casino or puppet-slow, where every person gives himself up to enjoyment. The Burgher Guard Congress at Breslau has been opened. The Congress appointed a president, secre taries, &c., and occupied their first sitting, which was conducted with perfect order, in regulating the most important subjects to be submitted for discussion. Among them is the Burgher Guard law, recently enacted by the ex-National Assembly. The New Rhenische Zeitung, of the 19th, states, in a correspondence from Dusseldorf, that Lieutenant- General DRIGALSKI, the military commandant, who had—strange to say—revived the censorship in that town, after it had been abolished not only by the National Assembly in Frankfort, but also by the new Constitution promulgated by the King of PRUSSIA, has been suspended by the Ministry. The same journal also declares that Herr SPIEGEL, the Presi dent of the Provisional Government, has been dis missed. If these steps be really taken, it will show that Ministers at last are resolved not to allow their subordinates to set all law at defiance. Certain it is thit DRIGALSKI has been obliged, or has thought proper, to remove the censorship imposed on the Dus seldorf j.,urnals, a proclamation to that effect having appeared in that town. IMPORTANT FROM THE UNITED STATES. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE ARRIVAL OF THE CAMI3RIA. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH). LIVERPOOL, DEC. 20. The British North American Royal Mail steam ship Cambria, Captain Shannon, which sailed from New York on the Gth inst., has just arrived. She brings the usual mails from Canada and the United States. Our files of papers by this arrival are as follows: New York, Dec. 6 ; Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, Dec. 5 ; Charleston, Mobile, and New Orleans, Dec. 2; Montreal, and Quebec, Dec. 1 ; Halifax, Dec. 9. The intelligence by this arrival is, as regards the political portion of it, more than usually interesting, including as it does the annual Message of the Presi dent to the Congress of the United States, which met for the dispatch of business at Washington, on Mon day, the 4th instant. The comment is, as usual, of a lengthy character, so that we can, at present, only subjoin the following : SYNOPSIS OF THE MESSAGE. The President's Message i 3 one of the most lengthy documents that has been presented to Con gress for a long time. It commences with congra tulating the country upon our friendly and pacific relations with all nations. Treaties of commerce have been concluded with New Grenada, Peru, the Two Sicilies, Bergium, Hanover, Oldenburg, and Mecklenburg-Schwerin. The establishment of a Republic in France, and the effort to unite the Ger.nan States, are hailed as auspicious events. Friendly relations are established with Mexico, and the favourable condition of our foreign affairs renders it necessary to call at , ention more especially thereto. The President recommends mineral lands to be sold in New Mexico in small quantitie3. The President is so far from entertaining appre hensions of the safety of our system by the exten sion of territory, that the belief is confidently enter tained that each new State gives strength and an additional guarantee for the preservation of the union itself. The President recommends a liquidation of Ameri. can claims. The Secretary of the Treasury, he says, will pre sent, in his annual report, a highly satisfactory statement of the condition of the finance. The imports of the fiscal year, ending on the 30th June last, were of the value of 150,977,876 dolls., of which the amount exported were 21,128,010 dolls., leaving 133,849,866 dolls. in the country for domestic the. The value of the exports for the same period was 154,032,131 dolls., consisting of domestic productions, amounting to 132,904,121 dolls., and 21,128,010 dulls. of foreign articles. The receipts into the Treasury for the same period, exclusive of loans, amounted to 35,436,750 dolls. 59 cents., of which there was derived from customs, 31,759,070 dolls. and 90 cents. ; from sales of public lands, 3,328,642 dolls. and 56 cents. ; and from miscellanies and incidental sources, 35,037 dolls. and 7 cents. Referring to the gold mines of California, the President recommends that the present session of Congress pass a Bill for the establishment of a branch mint. The operations of the Tariff Act of 1846 have been such during the past year as fully to meet the public expectations, and to confirm the opinion heretofore expressed of the wisdom of the change in our revenue system which was effected by it. The contracts for the transportation of the mail in the steam-ships, convertable into war steamers, pro• mice to realise on our commerce and to the navy all that mere anticipated. It is gratifying to find the revenue of that depart ment under the rates of postage, now established by law, so rapidly increasing. The gross amount of postage during the last fiscal year is 4,371,000 dollars, exceeding the annual average received for the nine years immediately preceding the passing of the Act of the 3d of March, 1845, by the sum of 6,400 dolls. ; and exceeding the amount received for the year end ing the 30th of June, 1847, by the sum of 425 ; 154 dollars. The Message opposes the Bill of the United States at great length, and also the internal improve ment. It advises the veto power, and says the example of four of his predecessors warrants him in the exercise of the power in the fullest manner. The power, he says, has never been abused, and there is little danger that it ever can be abused. The United States, steamer, left before the Cambria, for Havre, taking 120,000 dollars in specie. The New York Money Market was easy. The Secretary of the Treasury gives notice that he is ready to redeem Treasury Notes at maturity. E x . change on London, 108 to 1084 ; on Paris, 5 20, business small ; on Hamburgh, 354 to 35i ; on Bremen, 78 to 784. Cotton inactive ; Flour dull—prices in favour of the buyer. LEAMINGTON LICENSED VICTUALLERS' ASSOCIA TION.—LEAMINGTON, WEDNESDAY, DEC. 20.—The third anniversary of this association was held at the Bowling Green Inn, Leamington, yesterday afternoon ; Mr. G. Smith, the President of the society, occupied the chair ; and Mr. John Howard Gibbons, of Birmingham, Vice-Chairman of the Licensed Victuallers' Protection Society of that town, acted as vice-president on this oc casion. The attendance was extremely good, and, be sides members of the trade, many highly-respectable gentlemen connected with other professions honoured the company with their presence. The usual loyal and local toasts were proposed, and responded to with en thusiasm. Altogether the proceedings of the evening were of a very gratifying character. A FREAK OF FORTUNB.—Some two years ago an exiled Pole arrived at Watertown, U. S., friendless and destitute. He obtained employment at his trade as a dyer, and married a poor orphan girl, who, like himself, possessed none of this worl'l's riches. The couple were agreeably surprised, a few days ago, by intelligence from New York that a fortune of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars awaited the orders 'of the poor Pole and his brother, the latter residing in England. A n uncle has died in the East Indies, bequeathing t o t h e two brothers this handsome fortune, every d o ll ar of which has been remitted to New York.—New Haven Pall MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, QUARTER TO THREE. The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were esti mated at 7,000 bolts, 2.000 of which were taken on speculation. They consisted of about 5,000 bales Amerioan, 1,200 bales Pernambuco, at 41d to sid ; 100 ba'es Bahir, at 4i-d to 5d ; 50 0 ba les Egyptian, at 51t1 to 61d ; and 500 bales Surat, at lid to 311 The market closed firmly, but with less ani inated buying, prices of all kinds being higher. The Share Market was not quite so good. At toe meeting at the India House yesterday, the impor tant question of Indian railways was got rid of by a " side wind," which, as Mr. Sergeant Gazeloe very fairly remarked, was of doubtful legality. The posai °n of the East India Company towards the companies that have been formed for the purpose of affording to ou r Eastern pos sess i ons t h e i nest i ma bl e a d vantag es of railway communication, is at present ttoP itsel hini f but satisfact or y. Th e H onoura bl e C ompan y appears scarcely to have arrived at a C ,_ ° : l3 l , elusion as t o th e amount o f suppor t which it can sr.•.fely afford, and is far more occupied with the consideration of costly Punjaub acquisitions, which mei truly have become a necessity, but are scarcely more so than a system of railways. The ability of India to sur port the taxation annually imposed on it must obviously diminish if the price of its staples declines in the Euro: pean markets, while the processes of agriculture and transport remain as expensive as of old. The continental news to hand is considered favour able as regards F rance, an d t h e i nstallat i on o f Louis li Bonaparte has been wi se ly comp l e t e d to s il ence opPosi" con on, supposing it probable tat an attempt was templated. There is no c h onfirmat y ion of the Italie° news, so far as th e a ll ege d marc hi ng o f t h e Austrian towards R o m e , b u t t hi s was not b e li eve d yester' day. The Germ an a d v i ces are i n d e fi n i te, an d there is increased doubts as t o t h e d urat i on o f G erman unit Y d► the many conflicting inter e sts o f th e diff erent States an d Princes seeming t o o ff er i nsurmounta b le o b stac l es . The duty upon Foreign Wheat is now seven shillings per quarter. . . The intelligence received frcm the United States Per Cambria is interesting almost exclusively from the feet of its including the President's Message. The deal' went appears to afford satisfaction, and gives decided evi dence of the growi ng resources o f the country. T he exchange on London and the general condition of the money market in Aria ha underone no p a rticuler change. The great subject of d interest g for our mercantile interests will be the tariff, and any probable change that may be made therein. Upon this point the editor of the New York Herald writes as follows: " We have various important interests which are Yet in their infancy, and are struggling against the enormous capitals and the long experience of foreigners, and it j s necessary that proper discriminations should be madeWr in the tariff for the prot ec ti on of th ese interests. "3- judicious alterations in the present Act, a ll these points would be covered, and the necessity of the Pits" sage of a new law removed. We have seen in that the time the Act of 1846 h as b een i n operat i o n, te e the revenue has been too large, having annually e% ceeded the ordinary expen di tures o f t h e Governme nt several millions of dollars ; that it has promoted euee v sive importation s , and has indebted us largely t ° foreign nations, even in the face of enormous exportt and ,these are evil s w hi c h we certa i nly do not cris.P, continued. It wo u ld b e muc h b etter for all c l ass es ; 1` the revenue fell short of the expenditures, and the del ciency was made up by an issue of treasury notes ; a n it would be good p o li c y t o ma k e suc h a l terat i ons in oar commercial systems as wou ld b r i ng a b out suc h a de5.1,,,, able result. The l ower t h e average rate o f d u ty ''.`" larger the importations must be to give a c ertain revenue ; and the larger they will be, as foreign Oft' lecturers can flood our mar k ets w i t h their fabric"' which we are compelled to pay for in our own products; or in gold and silver. E xcess i ve import a tions derang e the currency, create over-t ra di ng , and all those disas ter, ~ which foll o w s p ecu l at i on, an d i t s h ou l d b e our po licy of restrict rather than t o encourage t h em b y S pec i a l Acts° Congress." A recovery upon yesterday's fall in Consols has 2 C : curred this morning. The decline in the quotations !'"; brought for war d specu l at i ve b uyers aga i n, who, havitit " beared," mad e a goo d pro fi t, an d now turn t heir 0e counts. Indeed, from the fact of the transfer books being closed, the market may be said to be wholly under the il l ' licence of time bargainers. Consols rallied yeete r t i g afternoon, and this morning o p ene d a t 87i t o 88, ba rbs since been done at 88k *, and being now 88i to i• ; to Reduced Thr ee p er C ents . A nnu i t i es h ave b een 8784. _na 88,i, and the New Thre e - an d- a -Q uar t er per C e nts. a to 88i. Exchequer-bill s h ave rea li se d 41 s to 445, '' India Bonds 36s to 39s premium. t The most remarkable move men t i n th e F ore i g n Mar k a is in Peruvian Stock, which has touched 43/ to 44i, u,°. since the commencement of business has been done ati'',!: There is a " rig" in this s e c u rity aga i ns t w hi c h the poi'. lie should b e on th e ir guar d, an d if t h e envo y from a' Republic has proposals, why are they not at once eta ; nnunced? Surely, he has been long enough in Englan d ' six or seven we( ks, we believe, to have recovered yhe r: fatigues of his voyage, and to apply himself w_ business, or does he wish to favour the gambling of . 1 1 parcel of speculators who have an idea, or pretend to. nave, of his plan. The committee of bondholders oug ht to have been informed of all a month since. Mexica n Bonds have touched 22'1. Grenada are 12i. Dutch Two and-a-Half per Cents. have been 49. Spanish Three per Cents. realize 26i j. Railway Shares have recovered a portion of the buoyancy which they lost yesterday, and prices 0 0 higher generally. The business doing is less extensive' BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK (From the Official List.) 3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 8 7 3% 88% New 3 1 4 per Cent. Anns B BVA % I A Long Annuities, Exp. Jan. sth, 1860 B% India Stock — Do. Bonds, 1000/ 39 37 p Ditto under 1.0001 Consols for Account . BB 87% BS% A ' ?..xchequer Bills. 2%d. 2cl• March. June. 1,0001. 500/ Small 4l 44 p 39 42 p 1:IcE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCg• Darilsh Bonds 1825, 3 per Cent.... 67 Grenada, 1 per Cent. . . 12% llexlcan Bon,ls, 1846, 5 per Cent...... 22:-N Peruvian Bonds, 6 per Cent... 44 43% 45 44's 47 Ditto for the Account 44 47 48 Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent 26% Ditto for the Account Venezuela Bonds .. Dividends on the above payable in London. Dutch 2% per Cent.,l2 Guild 49 t • - i N LSS DON r; IN RAILWAY SIIARES AT ONE O'CO CIC RAILWAYS. PAID. Pca SeAls. Ma:l-aeon - A. mkr., Notting., Boston, &c 4% 1,4 - kyr,hire and Galloway - Belfast and County Down .. 19 .. .. - i_lirningnam & Oxford Junct., calls duly pd, or with guar. 20 - Do., without a guarantee... 20 ... - ..:irtninghain,Wol.,& Dudley, calls duly pd, or with guar. 10 ... . - Do., without a guarantee... 10 - !irken head, Lancashire, and Cheshire Junction lO - !3oston, Stamf., & Birming... 5 - 'lristol and Exeter Do., Thirds - Buckinghamshire l4l. 4s 3 dis.... to --- Calcdoniri - Ditto, Half Shares - Ditto, New 101. Preference 7% 7 3 /4 %... to -- Ditto, Clydesdale Junction 50 - ;pester and Holyhead... 5O .... 20 1 / 4 to Ditto, Preference - larence. - Do., Ist Class, 6 per Cent... 10 - Do., 2d Class, 5 per Cent... 10 - Do., Gov. Loan, 4 per Cent. 10 - Direct London & Portsmouth 5 1 4 — - Dublin and Belfast Junction.. 35 - Dundalk and Enniskillen ... 20 - East Anglia, 25/. L. & E., aad L. & D. Ditto, 18!., E. &II Ditto, 31. 10s., E. & H... 3% 3 - K astern Counties .... 2O - Do. New G'uarant. 6 per Ct. 10 - Do. Perpet., 5 per ct. No. 1,6/. 13s. 4d... - Do., do N 0.2,6/. 13s. 4d... - Do., Northern & Eastern... 50 - Do., 5 per cent. ... 50 - Do., Quarter 12% .. - Do., New - Eastern Union, Class A (late E. U. Shares) ..... ...... 25 - Ditto, ditto, Class A, ditto 1 - Ditto, do, Class B (I. & B) 20 - Ditto, do, Class C, ditto... 20 - Ditto Scrip (gua. 6 per ct.) 10 . — - Ditto, ditto ......... ...-.... 20 ...... - Ditto (C. & E.), 5 per ct. 2% — East Lancashire - Ditto, New .. ........... ...• • 21 - to --- Do., New Quarters - Do., 6 per Cent. Preference _ _ . Quarter Shares sq.-- 6341/... to --- East Lincolnshire 25 ...... 26% to Edinburgh and Glasgow 5O - Ditto, Half Shares Edinburgh and Northern ... 25 - Ditto, New port l5 Exeter, Yeovil, & Dorchester 2% — ..... to --- Glasg., Dumfries, & Carlisle-8/. 6s.Bd — ..... to Glasgow, Kilmarnock, & Ayr 50 - Do.Prefercnce Consolidated ..... Great Northern ... 19 Do. 1 / 2 A Deferred ...... ... 12% 49i %... to -- Do. IA B 6 per Cent. Guar. 6% 4IA to -- Do. Extension .. Gt. South. & West. (Ireland) 42 1 - Great North of England 100 - Ditto, Nt w 40/ 4O - Ditto, ditto Ditto, New 301 3O ... .. Ditto, New 15/...... ... ...... 14 ..-.. . Great Western ..... to -- Ditto, Half Shares 5O - Ditto, Quarter Shares 2l Ditto, Fifths Do. New 171 l3 .. .~ Huddersfield and Manchester 30 .. _. - Ditto, Thirds lO - Hull and Selby 5O - Ditto, Half Shares .. ...... 25 ...... 49 - Ditto, Quarter Sh ares 12% 21% to Lancaster and Carlisle.... ... 50 - Do., Thirds..• lO - L ancashire and Yorkshire ... 93 - Ditto, ditto - Ditto Half Shares - 43 ...... - Ditto Quarters Ditto Fifths lO - Ditto Sixteenths ... ..... ... 6 1 ,ri ...... -• • • to --- Ditto Thirds (Reg.) Do., New Guar. 6 per cent. 7 1 A; — - Do. Liverpool and Bury... 43 Do. (fludders. and Sheff.) 43 - ~ LO ON, URSDA EVENING, DECEMBER 21. 1848.