The Sun. — London, England, 1852-04-22 00:00:00

THE GOLD CURRENCY. [/y , TO THE .EDii uiz ut THE SUN. as e l a Sze,—l perceive by the Parliamentary notices in the iseee„ Public prints, that Colonel Thompson intends, on the ertt. 27th instant, to bring the question of the gold currency Ruse before the House of Commons, and to move a. series -*rate of resolutions for the especial purpose of protect iLls3il; lug the fundholders against the consequences of the . 1 11 4 5 . ee dogma, so long maintained by themselves and their ohampion the late Sir R. Peel, "that according to Via '`` practice; according to law, according to the ancient monetary policy of this country, the meaning of a pound is neither more nor less than a certain definite quantity of gold with a mark upon it to de termine its weight and fineness," and that conse quently all obligations entered into with the public creditor can be discharged in no other way_ than by the payment to him of 5 dwts. 3 grs. of gold of standard fineness for each pound of debt or of dividend i As an old currency reformer, I need not say that Most heartily rejoice that the bullionists have at length, by any means, been brought to see and ac knowledge the truth upon this vital subject. It must be a bitter pill for them to have to make so unre served an admission of former error. At the same time, it is a great gratification to all those who, like ourselves, Sir, have been for so many years steadily maintaining the right amid the ob l oquy, the reproach,- and the sneers of t our interested opponents, to se e that these men are now afraid f obeing held to their o wn words, and would gladly take refuge in the very principle they have so long denounced—. namely, that corn or subsistence is the properstandard of value, not gold ; that, in the words of Adam Smith, " the revenue of a person to whom a guinea is paid does not so much consist in the price of gold as in what ha can get for it," and that the fair interpretation of any bargain entered into with the fundholder is that he shall be paid the same value that he lent ; at the same time recognising, as Colonel Thompson does, in one of his proposed resolutions, that,the real value can be ascertained by the applica tion of the principle of a corn rent. But, Sir, while I still heartily subscribe to this prin ciple so long contended for by the monetary reformers, and so tardily admitted by our opponents, and while I feel squally with Colonel Thompson "that the contract with the holders of the national securities ought to be sub stantially fulfilled," lam utterly at a loss to con ceive how the Gallant Colonel makes out that, on an equitable adjustment, a balance of eight millions and a half is due to the fundholders, and I await with no little curiosity his exposition in the House of Com mons, by which he will have to support this aver ment. On the contrary, I believe the fundholder has been overpaid, not to the comparatively trifling amount of eight or ten millions, but to much more than twenty times that sum—that, in effect, the principal part 'of our national debt has been. more than doubled by its mode of con traction, and by the changes in the currency effected by the Bills passed by Sir R. Peel and his confreres, the bullionists. If this be so, which I will endeavour to prove, it cannot be allowed that Colonel Thompson should, without remonstrance, endeavour even to substitute a good system of currency for the present wretched pretence of a system, upon a false plea; and that that which is a boon justly due to our greatly injured productive classes should be urgently demanded by him on the part of those who alone have been benefited, and that to a most prodigious extent, at the expense of all other classes of society. Lst us by all means have the improvements long suggested by us, and which our opponents now seem so anxious to con cede, but let us also clearly understand on whose pe . culler account, and for whose special behoof, these inSprovements are imperatively required. I will now, Sir, proceed to the proof of what I have previously advanced ; that the principal part of our national debt—all that part arising from the prosecu tion of the last great war—has been more than doubled by the systems of currency and finance hitherto and at present prevailing. The national debt on the sth January, 1793, a mounted to 238,231,2481., in addition to certain an . tuities. s, Prom this period to the termination of the war, • the end of the year 1815, there was additional ',..llsl° ol 4racted to .the amount of 999 , 592 , 1661 . , of wucsk i 284,581,7311.• w es'afterwards-redeemed by the ' 64 ain kin leaving increase d e bt g hind, a. net o con- meted t his during these 23 years of 715,010,4351. Now, it 4 fee ""t ivi e t t_nir . ticular portion of the national debt to which s ti la the first place to call the attention of your _reade r and to ask them which is the party entitled to --aanale e • 0 its mode of contraction , t h e n a tional ednor°te It i s au the national debtor. Ne e , Pposed by most people that this 715,010,4351. °d ' rae n t a a ctu ,allY borrowed and received by the Govern ott ar ce n t u tsz the nation ; but this is not the fact. There that am -4411 Y, so much debt or stock created, but not did n ot —au nt of money received. The Government tra eted. get 1001. of money for every 1001. debt con- There se , y borrowed in a much more scientific tlyster-eue much more calculated to keep up the t acho Y and profundity of the Chancellor of the quer's office. Money, at this time, was ordi• '441117 worth, f 6 ,7, and or the common purposes of busine ss, 8 per cent. interest, and it would have been tOO simple , obvious, and unscientific a mode—one too • 'iknie to the com mona lty—to have created a stock bearing that rate of interest, and to have got that stock sub scribed for at par--that is, to have obtained 1001 . money for every 1 00 / . o f s t oc k. No, the principal part :Tag borrowed in a 3 per cent. stock. Now, it is evident that money lenders would not lend money at 3 per. Z Cent. to „. the Govern m ent if they could in other cha nnels make 6 per cent. of it. They would not give so much fora 3 A percent. as they would for a 6 p er cent. stock. 'aid so they on ly p a id 501. or 601, as the cas e might -be for each 100/. stock, while this 50/. or 60/. was written down, as a debt against the country and to the credit of the fundholder, as 100/. Taking the aver- Q ge of all the loans during these 23 y ears, 3 per cen ts., 4 Per cents. , and 5 per cents., I find fromon extract - . l ,olade from Marshall's Tables some time ago, that ' l3 l. of stock or debt was created for every 100/. Money received by the Government; so that instead of 71 5,010,435/. having been actually borrowed and received, not more than 412,000,000/. was so re !eived by the Government and nation—the additional h J millions being merely the necessary result of borrowing 501. or 60/., and writing it down as a debt of ma „ I know it will be argued, and with some degree of 'truth too, that the best bargain was made at the Ikk time that was possible; that the loans were sub _ltnytted' to public comp e titi on , a n d th a t the highest bidder obtained the loan; that it made very little difference in contracting these loans whether two principal sums of 50/. each were borrowed, and 3/. per annum o interest paid f or eac h, o r one p r i nc ip a l b um of o / was borrowed, an d 61. p er annum p a id f or it. This is very true, applying it solely to the time when Thetueiedight-oaraonitesrevalseins were contracted. But the evil is, that ibis money has entailed a comparatively "interest for ever. The loan of capital has long ti ned f 3,.11174fr0m 6,7, and 8 per cent. in terest to 2, a great Iraeallire PreCitip'er cent. ; but the nation is in imprudent from availing itself of this circumstance by the anniooprul dent bargain of writing itself down debtor . far every 601. borrowed, 4 -and thus necessitating th e payment of 100/. whenever f it should find itself capp e unstoiunwfcaprdayilgoff r Had it not been for this circumstance, theloatnhse. Government might long G e t. have made a very the national debt. great reduction in the amount Reductions, certainly, h ave _ to which the might have. the money beenyrami been made, but t nothing of the extent more than les steed have 1 ; been carried. Had per cent. stock, no 'been borrowed instead of 700 been , and these millions might have gradually pa i d off b 400 judicious Chancellor of the Exchequer by the erea L n a m4i9lolieultisil.ll° Sea in a 6 of a new 3or per cent. stock at par, which Wolf ' 'have saved on the 400 millions some Bor 10 millionsud Per annum interest. By the plan pursued, the ori ging loan contractors or their successors and repre % sootatives, the present fundholders, have been secured lathe enjoyment of a perpetual high rate of interest kg, , for the original sum lent, so that the . 50/ or 601, first br) inbscribed is this da wo rth on the Stock Exchange 99 1/. This, as far asst goes, does not l eek ver y much ; -like the fundholder having "o n an e q uitable adjust -I • Jolene' a lar 6 e,ba lancedueto contrary, it appears very strongly to • thindicate that 4 1 4 credit has been given him for a very much larger fe sum than he ever lent to the nation. But, Sir, this is only one portion of the matter in • " question, and not, by any means, the Most important. We have not yet touched upon the principle of the !eat and true value of" the pound," which the bullion . "t 8 seem now, for the first time, anxious to transfer from 5 dwts. 3 grs. of gold to a corn value. Col. Thompe . . 8 . 0 11 very properly acknowledges, in his 9th resolution, _that "the pound" should be the representative of a en quantity of corn, by providing that when wheat S hould fall below a certain unstated price, Parliament sh ould endeavour to remedy it by th e i ssue o f a paper currency, so that 20 shillings, or the pound, should al ways, at any rate, he or command a certain quantity of Wheat The Honourable Member thus r 5 d epudtates wts. 3 grs. of gold as the true " pound" of account, azd says that the contract with the fundholier, (2nd rosolution) ought to he substantially f u lfi l l e d, an d that this contract was (3rd resolution) to pay him the real value r e c e i ve d ; while the other resolutions to go affirm mean the principle of a corn rout, which, if it anything at all, must ineen that the fundhulder is en titled to rec e i ve back as much corn as he lent. We h ave to objecti o n t o tden thisprinciple w and to say; ' • a great d ea l that tied t o as not only is the national creditor en ti• much corn as he lent, but es much of an averag e o f a l l at th e • other commodities as the money he lent time represented Let us the je question, n apply this principle to the subject and ate what ground the fundholder has for the assertion that he has not only not been over paid, but that a balance is due to him, "on an Equit able adjustment. The " pound" that was lent by the old et dari n g t h e Principai part of this long aftifk itibtaf IF~ ~ ji'r: bc) •QCiI ttiXiii i -JOE %Ale alc% • r ,. Lkt I:, 44 ft- '• • LONDON,' period of twenty-three years was not a golden pound, it was the "one poun ot the Birk of Eng. land, and the value cf it was such, that th,:tigh no corn-law existed, wheat sold in this currency, on au average of the whole period, for 80a. per quarter, or.. 10s. per bushel. The " one pound note" then was worth exactly two bushels of wheat, and this, if you abolish the present gold pound and substitute the princip • le of a corn pound, is the value to which the, fundholder is entitled for each of the pounds lent by him to the nation;_ But the' fundholder has, for the last thirty years,_been receiving "a golden pound, which has on average given him at least 31 bushels of wheat for his pound, supposing wheat to have averaged 483. or 503. a quarter. There is no question then but that the fundiaolder has been enormously overpaid if you adopt, without qualification, the corn rent principle now contended for by ..Colonel Thompson. -- _ r SPORTING NOTES. No. CC.a. ANALYSIS 'OF THE T TEN TY-NINTH CHESTER Q_UP, &e. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. rernarks. ou the probable result of the race fOr the Two Thousand Guinea Stakes, published yesterday, I observed that Vortex would probably be the representative of Day's stable: that horse certainly may run Ibut 44 v ery unlikely.. Father Thames being also a doebtful starter, Fifius will =be the great gun of the stable, as several persons connected with it sent out yesterday a communication to support him which soon elevated him from eights to fours . In the absence of Hobbie I feel inclined to consider it a very even affair between DANIEL O'ROURKE and Punts; one or other, to my thinking, being the certain winner of the great race of Tuesday Deja. - TRE CHESTER CUP is now in its twenty-ninth year, having been established in 1824, when the six years old Doge of Venice carried 9st 21b and won cleverly. One of the curious circum stances attending this Handicap is the fact of its never having been won-in more than two instances by a three years old, the heavy weighted class carrying it off year after year in wonderful regularity up to 1842, when Alice Hawthorn cantered home an easy winner with 6st upon her back. From that period to the present time, with the exception of Corranna's Bst 91b in 1846, and St. Laurerice'sfist 101 b in 1847, the light weights have bad it all their own way, and are likely to be in the as again this year. This Handicap, decidedly the first one in importance of the year, has this time obtained the unprecedented number of one hundred and thirty acceptances, seven of whom are aged, four six years old, nineteen five years old, forty-eight four years old, and the remaining fifty two three years old. The last-named division are in immense force, and have but one rival of any note to knock their class over. And this overpayment will also strongly appear if, instead of taking th e s i ng l e article wheat - as the standard, you take _a general average, of all coinmodi ties. I have before me a list of 88 of the principal articles of commerce, including all the cereals, wheat, rye, barl e y, an d oats, with malt, hops, wool, beef, pork—all the metals except gold and silver —foreign wines, silks, fruits, and spices ; oil°, tallow, timber, tea, sugar, hemp, flax, cotton, &c., fact, almost everything that can be mentioned, and I find that the value of the " pound" now received by the fundholder in dividends co mpared with that which he lent to the nation is as 156 to 100 in its power of purchasing these commodities. This increased pur chasing power of the pound is, lam convinced, very moderately stated at 156 to 100, and I think. I read a short time ago in the Times a candid acknowledg ment that the purchasing power of a pound is now double what it was some 40 years ago, when the loans were contracted. Now, Sir, let us put these two financial operations together. First, the mode of contracting the loans, and, secondly, the alteration in the value of the pound itself, and I think we shall have no difficulty whatever in making out the assertion with which we started— that the principal part of the national debt, namely, all that part contracted during the last great war, has been more than doubled. I have not the tables now at hand to refer to, but as some part of the debt has been paid off since the war terminated, I think it probable that not more than 550 millions of the present debt was contracted since 1793. Taking it at that sum, as each 173/. of the debt only realized the nation 100/. in money, it follows that the sum received was only 318,000,0001., and as each of these pounds was worth two bushels of wheat, it also follows, upon the principle of a corn rent, that the sum borrowed was 636,000,000 bushels of wheat, or 79f million quarters. This was the pre cise sum lent by the fundnolder, and is that which is now fairly due to him. Let us now, on the 'other hand; see what has been made due to him by the alterations before mentioned. First, there are 550,000,0001. of stock worth 99 per cent. at least, this makes 544,500,000/. Secondly, each of these pnundq, with wheat 'at 42i. per quarter, being worth 31 bushels, it follows that the 544,500,0001. is equal to 2,041,875 000 bushels of wheat, or upwards of 255 millions cat quavers, in stead of 793- millions at quarters. H ,w, then, the Hon. Member can make out that the fandholders, who can this- day at their pleasure command 255 million quarters of wheat, or its equivalent, for the 79f million quarters lent, have been underpaid sur passes my utmost stretch of imagination to conceive. But, perhaps, it may be corvended that we have for gotten altogether that 238 millions of the present debt were contracted prior to the period we have been speaking of—that this portion of the debt was con tracted in a gold aquivalent currency ; and that from that time down to 1819, the dividends accruing from it were paid in the " one pound note" of the Bank of England, diminished in value as we have described, and that the underpayment on the one hand forms a fair set-off against the overpayment on the , other. But not referring to the fact that the currency of that day, when there was a double standard of gold and silver, was 'vastly different to the present cur rency, and not noticing the obvious fallacy that the payment of the dividends on 238 millions for twenty-three yearsie equal to the payment of the dividends on 550 millions for , 32years, - tvelake leave to affirm that the payment of interest in the pound of diminished value was no underpayment at all, and that the holders of the 238 millions of stock received as much as they had a right to receive. What was it that caused the pound to be of diminished value ? What lessened its purchasing power? Was it not the rise in, the price of all commodities? And what caused this rise ? Was it not the great expenses of the war and the heavy taxes necessarily levied upon commodities to meet these expenses? Was not everybody else compelled to pay 80s. for the quarter of wheat, and 150/. for 1001. on an average of all other commodities ? There was no diminution in the value of the pound other than that it purchased less commodities, because it permitted prices to rise high enough to embrace the taxes which were placed on them. The fundholder, then, had no more reason than any one else to complain that his " pound " of dividend would not realieo him as much of com modities as before. It was right that it should be so. Let the bullionists refer, on this point, to their own pet economist, Mr. M'Culloch, and he will tell them " that when taxes are laid upon commodities the prices of them must rise in a corresponding proportion." This mode, tben, of balancing a monstrous and palpable overpayment by an imaginary underpayment will not stand the test of a fair investigation ; and I must again confess myself fairly at a loss to imagine how the. Honourable Member will make good his sth resolution. A. TAYLOR has four animals in the acceptances—Clincher, Con= Lessor, Storyteller, and. Water Lily. The first•named, at 9st 31b, is completely out of the race; Confessor, at a stone less, is no better off; Storyteller is a wretched brute; and Water Lily, at the feather of 4st, would seem to be the pick of the basket. The winner, how• ever, will not be found in this lot. JOB MARSON has a trio—Nancy, Eliza Middleton, and the High She riff. Eliza Middleton will stop at home; the other two will run. The mare, at 9st lib, though strongly fancied by the public and the owner, is not at all attractivo to me. I consider her winning to be pretty nearly an im possibility, although I expect that her well-known game and speedy qualities will enable her to finish in the front —prrhaps in the third or fourth place—no nearer. The High Sheriff at sit 6lb is ,more dangerous in my opinion than Nancy, if in first rate fettle on the day; his weight is a few pounds too_ much, or I should take him at ,once as a likely winner. He will run very forward. MURPHY'S trio, RUssborough, brother, and the Earl of War. wick, will he represented, I believe, by the first named; his weight, however (Bst 71b), will stand somewhat in the way of victory, yet more apparently impossible things have taken place in this world than his winning, - - E. PARR has hal f-a-doz in Cup nags in his stable. namely :—Monn lain Deer, Black aictor, Jahn of Berwick, filly by Pan- taloon, Richard Primer,_ and the Old EDgliell Oak. Of course,. RaintathDer or the. Black D -ctor be the , repi.es6ntative of the stable; which, I wall not attempt to say; but this much Ivan state, that neither will win. -JOHN DAY has a couple only this year—Pitsford and Hothorpe, the latter the representative of the stable, and a very dangerous one withal. His running last year was, to use a vulgar phrase, " all my eye;" on this ccoasion, it not the absolute A"1, he will be in close contiguity to whatever may be • the winner. He is in first-rate form and mischief is meant with him. W. SCOTT has Truth and Koh-i-noor in preparation, but which will run it is impossible to-tell; I have but a very small opi nion of either fur this bout. WADLOW'S string consists of Alonzo, Candlewick, My Fancy, Lady Amyott, and Barley Sugar. This is quite out of Alonzo's distance; Candlewick is too stale; My Fancy carries some eight pounds too much; Lady Amyott is in the same pickle, and, though knowing nothing of Barley Sugar, am not by any means sweet upon her. ESKRETT'S batch, though not very crack, is strong in number, and consists of Aphrodite, Payment, Harp, Heriot, Ingrati tude, and Surprise. Ido not expect that we shall be surprised by .seeing a winner spring from this lot; the top weight, Aphrodite not being quite the thing, and the rest too trashy to accomplish aught. JOHN SCO FT'S - Backbiter, at 7st 121 b, won't do here Mr. Ferguson. PECK _ _ _ stands but little chance this time, as he will have only a nibble with La Fiancée, Cossack having been scratched yesterday. - . - TOM DAWSON'S lot comprises Mark Tapley. Raby, Consolation, Cyclops, Stilton, Galvanism, and Burndale. It is expected that Stilton will be the only runner, end at sst 81b, looking at his performance at Epsom, his chance would seem to be a very good one; but when it is taken into con sideration of what little service his raking stride will be to him on the round-about course of the Roodee, I am inclined to give the preference to one of his small com pact rivals, who are sure to be more at home on a course of this nature than a long-strided animal; but as the stable are remarkably confident of pulling through with him, and as he will probably finish forward, I should advise his beius 1.1.1 DILLY'S hopes are centered in Scarecrow, Ariosto being a non starter. The former at 4st 71b is a remarkably dan gerous looking aLimal, and, in my opinion, if up to ill 2 mark on the day, which he is said not to be now, will probably polish off most of his juvenile rivals. "(To be continued.) I am, Sir, yours, c,, TUE &c., SPIRIT OF TEE TURF. April 22, 1852. I find, Sir, that this letter is extending to so great a length, that, though the subject is far from ex hausted, I must refrain from pursuing it any further, at least for the present. If Colonel Thompson has the interests of the fundholders much at heart, I would very respectfully suggest that it would be politic not to open up at too great a length the questions in volved in the first half-dozen of his resolutions, but confine hitnself to tho , ,e latter ones, which would tend to promote a system of currency which would dojos Lice to all CLIS,E.S, both cieditors and debtors. These latter resolutions are an approximation to such a sys tem, and though we are startled at the idea of a completely incontrovertible currency, and one which his no other principle for its issues than the arbitrary dictum of Parliament upon evidence of the price of wheat, yet we doubt not that discussion would set all this right, and that we should, at length, be blessed with a currency which would properly develop, foster, and mature our industrial capabilities, and give full play to the mighty energies and resources of our country, which have hitherto been so lamentably depressed by a cramped, a fitful, and a precarious monetary,system.—l am, Sir, &c., EDWARD CAPPS. SPORTING iIsITELLIGENCE. The Derby Trial Plate of 100 says., added to a Sweep stakeYOßK SPRING - ME& riNG. — WEDNESDAY. of 10 sovs. eisch, for tbreo yrs old; co l ts , B st 71 b; fillies, Bst 21b. One Mile and a half. (12 Subs.) Sir C. Monck's Gossamer (J. Marston) 1 Mr. J. Oanorne's Lady Agnes ..•••• (J. Osborne) 2 Mr. Nentlorth's Hsfed (Bucaby) 3 Mr. Hide's Maid of Lincoln ..................(Charlton) 0 Mr. Eedley'e Conrad (F• Marion) 0 Mr. Siegleton'e Dalton (Templeman) 0 Betting-6 to 4 apt Gossamer and 7to 2 agat Conrad. second and third, the others beaten off. Run in. 2 min. Won in a canter by two lengths , ha lf a len g th between 46 sec. The York Spring Cup, of 100/., added to a Handica p of 10 soya.; each, h ft- One mile en d a q uarter. Mr. Morris's Vatican, 6 _yrs, Sat 121 b ...... (F. Butler) 1 Mr. Pedley's Paquette, 4 yrs, Est 121 b ...(Charlton) 2 Mr. Barton's Calculator, 4 yrs, 7st 51b...(G. Oates) 3 Lord Zetland' s R a d u lph us , aged, Bst 71b (J. Mason) 0 Lard Derby's Iris, 4 yrs, Sat 31b . . .......... (Holmes) 0 Mr. Allen's Saxon, '4 yrs, fist 121 b (E. Harrison) 0 Mr. H. Walter's Agnes Wickfield, sst 81b (Carroll) 0 Betting-5 to 4 agst Paquette, 7to 2 apt Radolphus and Calculator, 4 to 1 eget Agnes Wickfield , a nd 7 to 1 agst Vatican. --_______ Won by a length, the same between second an d third, THE GREAT NATIONAL _EXHIBITION the others beaten off. Run in 2 min. 16 sec. _ AT CORK. the The committee of this great national undertakin e Tyro Handicap of 5 soya. each, and 40 added, for two yrs old. g Mr. H. Brown's Rettlecap, Bst 31b (T. Dodd) 1 met again on Tuesday, at their rooms, Stephen's green, (Skeene) 2 Mr. Meiklam's Ada, Bat Mr. Bell's Anna Eliza, Set 71b Dublin; Lord Talbot de Malahide occupying the chair.(Lye) 3 The meeting was a numerous and highly influential one. Betting-7 to 4on Anna Elizs. Won by a length. After the transaction of some routine business, Run in 52 secs. Mr. DEANE, the honorary secretary, read a letter from Mr. C. P. Roney, enclosing a cneque from Messrs. The Eglinton Stakes of 10 soya each, and 50 added for two yrs old; three quarters of a mile. (14 Subs.) Briggs and Co., of Primrose-street, London, the largest Lord Derby's Longbow, 3 yrs (F. But ler ) 1 oil merchants in the empire, and the contractors for the Mr. John Osborne's Lady . Agnes, 3 yrs (J. Osborne) 2 Mr. John Osborne's Lambton, 2 yrs supply of oil to many of the lighthouses, &c., both in (Wells) 3 England and Ireland; and a subscription of 51. from Mr. Betting-410 lon Longbow. Woa easy, Lambton a Charles, Geach, M.P. He had received (es honorary bad third. Not timed. secretary to the Dublin committee) free passes upon the The Consolation e Scramble of 50 sore, added to a Great Southern and Western, Dublin and Drogheda, Handicap Sweepstakes of 5 soya. each. T. Y. C. Belfast Junction, and Ulster Railways. Availing him- (4 Subs.) self of this privilege, so liberally conceded, he had pro ceeded to Cork, so as to be present at the meeting of Mr. J. Osborne's The Puritan, 3 yrs, bat 71b (Wells) 1 Familiar as he the snb-committee at Cork on Monday. On his arrival . Mr. H.Walter's Agnes Wickfiold, fistl2lb (J.Osborne) 2 Mr. Martinson's View Halloo, 6 yrs, 9st...(Simpson) 3 he had immediately inspected the Exhibition building, accompanied by Mr. Benson and Sir Thomas Deane. Mr. Cook's The Red Lion, 3 yrs, Est ...... (Aldcreft) 4 Betting-6 to 4 agst View Halloo, 2to 1 agat Pa souther ception of the extent of the works already completed, was with the building, he had no con- ; Titan, and S to 1 agst Agnes Wickfield. and of the magnificence of the building. It presented Won by two lengths ; a head between the second an uninterrupted ♦• view, from the entrance to the end of and third. the. The York Hotel Plate of 50 sous., added to a Sweep the southern g l e b r all, of 251 feet, independent of the stakes of 5 sovs. each, for three yrs old, 7st 121 b ; by roof-lighte 0f Y, 1 320 feet long. Both halls to be lit . . four, 9st 2113; five, 9at 91b; six and aged, 9st 131 b ; proceedin- geaBB. He then gave an account of the , . mares and geldings allowed 3lbs. A winner this pressed himself wed eeb-committee at Cork, and ex-- --- yeat of 50 sown to carry 31b extra ; of two 50's or intelligence displtiyalsatisfied with the zeal and 100 (exclusive of stake) 5113 extra. The winner to the statistics of the ap z e, 1 8, the members. He produced be sold for '2OO soya. - if demanded; and allowances which he had, received fro m, afforded by the building, if to be sold for less. One mile. (5 Subs.) active chairman of the area: Mr. Thomas Hewitt, the Mr. MAklam'e Cleveland Est 21b (301) ...(Alderoft) 1 availiable area was 14,272 I f l e g t e t ment committee. The Mr.J o,berne'sPriam theThird,6stl2ll4Boo (Osborne) 2 12,341 feet; of this space no mo;e nod' t the wall space MreSoilth's The Shadow,3yrs, 55t131b(301.) (Carroll) , 3 remained for disposal, ao numerous hade7 3,0e0 feet stow 6s;2lb (301) (Wells) 4 Mr. Lancaster's Killarney, 3yrs, cations for space. Mr. Deane then allude e r the aPPIi" Betting-7 to 4 agst Killarney, sto 2 each agst Priam amount of subscriptions that had. been to the large the Third and the Shadow. every quarter; and said that it was. evident from from Won by half a length. and the number of applications for. space,fronrin this, _ . ' : DERBY. various o f I re l a nd, that the exhibition would b e in parts' 6to 1 agat Robbie Noble National e ver sense of the word, a Great Exhibition of Irish l4 to 1 Nest Augur—taken nulaeture, and materials. . arts, Ma ... OAKS. It was proposed by Tnexas GRE , SHAM, Esq., and ; 'Bto 1 agst Gossamer-1 0 to 1 taken ateondtd by CHETNE BRADY, DA., " r!iat the name.of ' I : CHESTER CUP. Mr. itoney be added ;.0 the committee; which was sac- , ...::. ' ~. Cossack is scratched. cordingly done. TheatOYAL LEAMINGTON RACES.—TUESDAY. .Many interesting top . ics %rev stated to the meeting, Racing Stakes 01 3 soya, each, and 15 added, for Leland,dof of an our three yrs old and - • sold f illn-ti alive , of the resources d-upwardb • winner to be fur 501 ., .ash ch..cussions t 0 V ~, . Two milan. (5 Subs.) ' rnenufacturing enterprise, in Mr. B. Laud's Prospect, w Vt tiler Mess Le - ra. n N.,ble Onairwan, the Hon. J. P. -r , Mr. Oldha, ' aged (15/ ), Tat 121 b (Lowe) 1 e s Briin • . ' Cr, ..hum &r!., took part. Mr. D. 'Owen i - ette, 4 yrs (301.), 7st, llib (Crouch) 2 t4isti,e, Deane, 1.i . ...;.................._ 7 ____.Hard d IiaTUM ' _ --- Mr. S. y's Little St,arure, 5 yrs (201), Bst lib 0 6 yrs (301) Sat 91b VALUE op LAND AND HoUSE PE,PEETY IN THE Mr. E. S. Deeee ,John, ~ s - ~......0 freehold dwell- pon s Cigar, 5 yrs (301.) Bst 51b ... 0 Ciro of LoNDON.—The three very ancient v ourite wonb ' 13, in Cornbill,easy y two lengths. ing-houses and premises, Nos. 11, 12, and The Leamington Handicap, - f Weworth and Sons, on were absolutely sold by Messrs. _Shu „ , added. Two m' 9 5T 0 5 soya. each, 2 ft., and Iles the t6th inst., at the Auction Mart, for the sum of 32a00t. stared.) - (10. Subs., 4 of whom de --equivalent (with reference to the site of ground occupied) . Mr. G. Drove's Castellon 4 to 400,0091. per acre. , _ , , yrs, gat 41b (Knight) 1 Mr. B. Laud s uerito, 3 yr s , 7 6 It bait - been announced that the new iron screw , ,-., t (H.. May) 2 as W. Gulliver sr az ley, 8 ship Chusan, which has been built for the service between , .e.r.aged, st (Archer) 3 d's eh in (lateKe Singapore and Sydney on the bi. monthly Australian route , Ddr.Goddnr Little _ ue nspede), 4 yrs, 7st (Smith) 0 of the Peninsular and Oriental Company, will be despatched Mr. Fe elk' s's 4 12 en, 6 are, 4at (040, jun.) 0 from Southampton for Sydney the 15th of May, calling at ',Mr. Rose's Salop.-6,yrs, 7st . ... ...... (Johnston) bolted the Cape ,of Good Hope, Adelaide, and Melbourne. Her ea- ' ' t, t ' t ieg-6 to 4-agst Ceritot_2 to 1 agat Eazeley, and parity is 700 to ns, and she is intended to carry 3 to I' age A . about 35 fir ' t C ate.lo. Won by s head. ' and 15 second cA . 041 Pa 5.10111011. St. Mary's•road, Peckham, April 20. 1852. THE SUN, THURSDAY EVENING, The Heck Stakas of 1 sthr. eitat,7witfi added, one mile, Was wer e in two beats'by Ceritb, 9st (Lowe), beat leg2 PrOenc.., Ir, 5.',3; I,l,Roa:er, 11 -,,t 51b; Hamm x Scaru, 9st llh ; awl Little Peter, llzt 11b. The hurdle St' i k os of sovs. each, and 10 added , two milts; over five, hurdles (9 Subs.); w a s won easily by Mr. Laud's Prospect, ag e d (151.), (J. Ablett), beating Cigar, Brunette. Theß oarer , K tm b er , a nd Banker. s The Beaten Handicap was won by Good-for.Notbi n g , lOst 101 b, f beating Haruca Searum, 10it Salop, 11st, and tWO °then; I Mr. Bennett to the benefice of St. Paul's, Knightsbridge. I The consequences of that institution were that those opi . nions and ooctrines of which the Bishop had timely ware ing were spread and propagated by Mr. Beanett and his curates in the most influential auri powerfal parish of London;—that step by. step Mr. B enne t t a d vance d i n the practices and'teaching of what he would call the church universal, but of what we know to be that com munion of Rome from which the people and Church of Eugland separated, three centuries a go , esta bli s hi ng , as 'every nation or body in a nation has is right to, a Church of its own;—that monastic institutions were in troduced into Belgravia, carrying (as in Miss Law's case) di smay and bitter grief into the bosom of families; —that a church, St. Barnabas, was erected to cele brate and exten d th ese suceesses;—that so papistical were its services that' a mob rose against it;—and that the Bishop of London, yielding to. the iefluence of po pular tumults, compelled Islr. Bennett, in 1850, after seven years' endurance.: of his nnfaithfuluess, t o resign all - his - preferments in • the diocese of ' London. Meanwhile Mr. Bennett had printed forms of prayers, published books, and issued sermons, in, which he defended all his acts and opinions; justi fying auricular confession,' intercession to saints, the au:- thority of the Church so-ealled universal over human conscience, repudiating and abjuring Protestantism, and denying that Christianity could be propagated merely by the agency of the. Holy Scriptures. The universal feeling of society—uncorrupted by such teaching —was, on Mr. Bennett's resignation, thankfulness . for having, however lately or discreditably, got rid of hies. His friends subscribed money for him and , he went abroad. He appears to have rested chi e fly in Roman Catholic countries; at Kissingen, in Bavaria, and at Rome. What he did at the latter is not known; but at Kissingen he daily attended mass, and consorted with friars and priests, In doing so he only acted on the rule laid down by Dr. Phillpotts at the Synod of Exeter, and published to the world in its acts, viz., that in countries where there is a branch of " the Church , Catholic," however erring and corrupt, there only can a Chris tian worship;—a strict logical deduction from the premise that there is on earth a Church univer sal, having a sacrificial and mediatorial priesthood. Amongst the persons of eminence and power perverted and led away by Mr. Bennett's system was the patroness of Frome Selwood; and *hat benefice becoming va cant, she, an amiable and excellent but most deluded woman, presented Mr. Bennett to the Bishop of the diocese, that he, as Ordinary, might institute Mr. Ben nett thereto. The parishioners remonstrated; but her reply was, that the ant was by her irrevocable. They turned to the Bishop for protection; he listened at first to their complaints; but they persisting in their objec tions, he instituted Mr. Bennett and closed all correspon dence with them. The first remark in this state of facts relates to the conduct of the Bishop. In England alone, of countries possessing an established church of the Protestant communion, the, parishioners have no voice in, or veto on, the appointment of their minister. And the reason assigned why they have not such a power is, that it has been reposed in their bishops to be exercised by those officers of the church on their behalf. In the constitution of the En:isle Church, the bishops are interposed between the full exercise of the right of patronage by its owner and the people effected by the exercise. The power of the patron is, therefore, a qualified one; the bishop for sufficient rea -1 sons can defeat its exercise; and those reasons are to be grounded by the bishop on his regard for the cure of the parishioners' souls, in conformity with the articles, for soutanes, and teaching of the Establish ed .Chureh. It results teen from these premises, that in the Bishop ot Bath and Wells the Church has a prelate who regards the Remanist outcast of the diocese of Londen, t h e man who there held and taught all Roman doctrine, and the traveller who subssquently worshipped daily at Kis singen in a mass house, as a proper incumbent . of Frome. The theory of bis ho p s protecting the parish ioners against an improper exercise of patronage does not, it is clear, work here. And what is really the main q uestion in the whole ease. Ought paris hioners in the nineteenth century—when it is notorious the episcopate entertain generally' preten sions which the laity as a bod y repudiate and reject—to have no further protection th a n their Ordinary's weakness or firmne ss. And the value of a public inquiry into the Frome case, as . pro ' posed by Mr. Herman, would have been inestimable, as throwing light on the manner in which episcopal control colludeinwith the power of patronage to force un parishes ministers against whom the soundest objections exist. For the other circumstances connected with Mr. Bennett's institution prove that the forms, certificates, and requirements of the thirty-eight and forty-ninth Canons (to which we long ago directed attention, as bearing on this case), afford very sleeder protection to parishioners in the present state of the, Cnurch. Mr. Bennett, though drummed out of the diocese of London, was at once able to get a certificate of three of its bene ficed clergy that he was a faithful minister of the Church; and this certificate the Bishop of London, who had forced him out of his diocese, so indorsed as enabled the Bishop of Bath and Wells to deem that those canons had been complied with. Hence it is apparent, that where two bishops are willing, nothing is easier than to elude the protection intended to be given to the laity by those two canons. What, therefore, is wanted aro either some means:of restricting episcopal authority in this respect, or of reposing some power of self-protection in parishioners themselves. Secretary Sir John Pekington stated (without showing) that in this matter the Bishop of Lon don's conduct had been blameless; and Mr. Horsman said the report was that the Bishop had' endorsed the certificate of his three beneficed clergy that Mr. Bennett had, during the last three years he was in the diocese, been n faithful minister of the Church, to the effect that their signatures wore genuine only. But the practice under the 49th Canon, is for a bishop to require of his presentee a bens decessit of his last ordinary. Did Mr. Bennett carry to Wells such a document from Fulham ? And if not, why did Dr. Begot, - in this ease, where the parishionershaat remonstieted, dispense with that doou went? There is, in the discussion, a hiatus here, which Dr. Blomfield ought, in mercy to his own reputation, to supply. Nothing in Mr. Horsman's speech was more admirable than its comprehensive spirit; he never once infringed on the principles of toleration. The Church has always been accustomed to boast of her comprehensive action; and it used to be said of her, ghat she bad a Cal vinistic creed and an Arminian clergy. But those very words indicate the circle of her comprehension: it has li mits; and the complaint against Mr. Bennett is net merely that he exceeded, but that, in exceeding, he attempted wholly to destroy those limits. High chnrch men and low church men, the church can well entertain; and it will be an evil day for the Establishment , when it is ex clusively pOssessed . by any one of the several sects that now find a home in its folds. But resting within those bounds, all its members must respect the tenure of its existence; recognise the Parliamentary action which gave it birth; admit the power of the Legislature t,o withdraw what it has given. They must not, protected in the Church, by the State's authority, conspire to over throw the power of the State, and to elevate the Church to a position independent of, if not co-equal in its own sphere with, the State; they must not propound views of a priesthood otherwise than the Church has provided, functionary only, not mediatorial; and' they must not, as the Bishops did in this case, stand aloof, as if the House of Commons were acting ultra vires in presuming to inquire into the ecclesiastical grievances of the people. For therein the limits of comprehension will have been passed, and those of priestly aggression have been en tered on. ASCOT . ,IIE 1862 Ncminations for the Fernhtll Stakes. , Duke of Richmond's St e ll a , 2 yrs—Sir R. Pigott 'a Jack the Giantkiller, 2 y rs —M r . E. B a tson's Sabdidja, 3 yrs—Mr. Yarworth's Hoppicker, 3 yrs—Lord. Exeter's Mountain Flowir, 3'yrs--Mr. Howard's Vaultre ss, 2 y rs —Mr. E. R. Clark's Plutustesd, 3 yrs—Duke of Rich mond's Harbinger, 3 yrs--Mr. Halford's Peppermint , Kingston,3 _,)rs ,u,-,lndian Warrior, 3 yrs—Little Harry, 3 yrs—King of 0 0 ,k : 5 yrs-t-Hobbie Noble, 3 y rs— Nominationsla r th e Emperor of Russ i a ' s Plate. Woolwich, 6 yrs—Alfred the Great, 3 yrs--Ambroso , 3 yrs—Teddington, 4 yrs—Eussborougb, 5 yrs—Voiti gear, 5 yrs—His Gracie, 3 yrs—Sally, 3 yrs—liountain Deer, 4 yrs—Joe Mier, 3 yrs—Grey Tommy, 3 yrs— leader, 4 yrs—Black Doctor, 5 yra—Stilton, °cello, 3 yrs--Pitsford, 5 yrs—Rache' é', 3 yrs—Bing shell, 5 yrs--Tomboy, 5 yrs. NE WM ARKET SECOND SPRING MEETING, 1852. Handicap for the Suffolk Stakes of 15 sties: each, 5 it, if declared en Tuesday next. I i s _ Tommy, 3 yrs, 7st 121 b—Harbinger, 3 Hernandez, 4 yrs, 9 st—Officious, 5 yrs, 851 12w -3 yrs—Nut- Nutshell, 7 yrs, B,st 21 b—Dulcet, aged, 7st 131b —Grey y rs , let 81b— Flirt, 3 yrs, 7st 81b—K nook Knoll, 4 yrs, 7st 51b- : -St. Antonio, aged, 7st 31b —Frantic, kin, 3 yrs, 7st 21b—Midas, 4 yra Y , 7st 21b — Top hana, aged, Est 121b—Patriot, aged, 6st 101b --Gay Las s, 4 yrs, Est 101b—Poodl e , 3 yrs, Est 81b—Gran d D uc hess, 3 yrs, Est 51b—Greengage,"3 yrs -- , 6st 41bSuttler, 3 yrs, 6st 21b—Young Hawthorn; 3 yrs, sst 121b—HaniP 1 "/ 3 yrs, sst 101b—Maria, 3 sst 81b. yrs, sst 81b —Hugo , 3 yrs, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNAL S. FROM THE MORNIN G PAPERS OF THIS DAY . -.- TIM.E'.--IS4O one can rise from a perusal of the debate on Mr. Ilorsman's motion for a commission of inquiry into the case ,of the Rev. Mr. Bennett with out a feeling of painful interest, and something like a conviction that tee are unpr ov id e d w i th t h e machinery required to preserve the i n t egr i ty of the doctr i ne and teaching of the Church of England. We have ar ticles, symbols, and canons, a n d, assuredly, are not unprovided with ecclesiastical courts, whose numbers are counted by hundreds. We have an episcopal form of Government, and a Legislature the of the nationa l the great majority of which is composed of m em b e Church, yet all these safeguards wou ld a ppear to be insufficient to preserve the purity o f t h e f a i t h and to prevent the occupation of the hi g h places and the appropriation of the revenues of th e Ch urc h by per sons holding those very doctrines whi c h s he is most anxious to oppose. The statement o f Mr. Horsman produced, as it was well calculated t o do, a great impression on the House o f Commons, for it showed by proofs, whose cogency hardly admits of refutation, that a clergyman holding almost every doctrine of the Church of Rome, and those in a form more exeggera'ed than sincere Roman Catholics themselves, can, after his tendencies have been fully brought to light, be transferred from one diocese to another, and compensated for,episcopal cen sure in the first by honour, patronage, and preferment in the second. It showed, also, a lamentable want of uniformity and consistency in the governors of the Church, and seemed to threaten the teaching with im punity of as many different creeds as the country has been divided into dioceses. We are not disposed to underrate the grave nature of these apprehensions, nor to deny that the prevalence of dissent without the Church is an evil of less magnitude than anarchy within. Still , there is one consideration which may naturally tend to allay these feelings, and that is, that the promotion of Mr. Bennett to the living of Frame could never have occurred without very grave and serious misconduct on the part of almost every one in any way connected with the trans action. In a bank, or any other mercantile establish ment, no check which human ingenuity can devise is so perfect that it cannot be defeated or rendered nu gatory by a conspiracy among all the persons to whom its working is intrusted. If, then, we find that it required a dereliction of duty on the part of no less than six persons to enable Mr; Bennett to abuse and personate the character of a clergyman of the Protestant Church of England, as he has un doubtedly done, we may fairly conclude that, how ever deficient our ecclesiastical law may be in pro viding remedies, it has been by no means barren in precautions. In the first place, the law required the certificate of no less than three clergymen to a state ment which they must have known to be untrue ; for how could they certify that Mr. Bennett had d , held, written, or thought nothing against the doctrine or discipline of the Church of England," when they knew that he had been compelled to resign his living for a wilful breach of discipline, which, although ad monished, he refused to correct, and answered for his conduct during his residence at Kissingen, which they either did not take the trouble to ascertain, or, if they did, wilfully misrepresented! But the authors of the Canons contemplated apparently the possibility that clergyman mi g ht ha found to taken a false certificate of character, and therefore devised a check by requiring the signature of the bishop whose diocese the clergyman was leaving, to authenticate his " honesty and ability, and his conformity to the ecclesialtical laws of the Church of England. This signature the Bishop of London, we are informed, re fused to give, and in so doing discharged his duty with consistency and propriety. We , wish we could find any ground which would justify our expressing similar opinion with referenc e e o the conduct of , the Bi s hop of Bachand Wells. So met hi ng ma y fairly be conceded to infirm health, but it is impossible to separate the exer cise of an important cffice from the responsibility it in volves. The Bishop of Bath and Wells knew that Mr. Bennett did not, bring wish him the recommendation feom his former bishop which the Canons require, and he knew that recommendation could not be given, because Mr. Bennett had been virtually dismissed , from his former benefice for unfaithfulness to the Church and unwillingness to comply with ecclesiastical discipline. Ho knew that he was most distasteful to the pa rishioners at Freese, and was fureiseed with extracts ,from his published writings which might well have startled the conscience of any Pro:estant bishop ; and in a case so notorious he might, and doubtless could, have ascertained in what manner Mr. Bennett's time had been spent during his continental tour. - To him was intrusted the duty of asserting the dignity of the episcopal order by paying to the decision of the Bishop of London that respectful consideration which one court of competent jurisdiction usually shows to the judgments of another. He was interposed by the law to moderate the abuse of private patronage and protect the parishioners of Frown from the spiritual injury and tem poral discord resulting from the intrusion upon them of a clergyman in whom they could not, and ought not, to have confidence, and whose ministry they were bound to reject. Never did more important duties combine to point out the proper line of action. Never was a Christian bishop called upon for an exercise of firmness and justice in a case more clear and more urgent. It is needless to say how these duties were met and dis charged, or how completely the cause of the patroness triumphed over that of the people and the Church. Another person whom it is impossible to acquit of blame is the • Lady Patroness herself. We take it that the law, by making an advowson private property, did not mean to release the owner from those duties, which the nature of the prcperty im plies, and we are quite sure that if it meant this it could not do so. There is a trust which it is the duty of the bishop to see enforced, but which if he neglect his duty loses none of its binding obligation, to exercise the awful responsibility of appointing the per son to whose care the souls of thousands of poor and ignorant persons are committed, with a careful reference not only to the opinions of the patron but to the interests of the flock. Granting that th e religious opinions of the patroness coincide with those of her presentee, she was bound to think not merely of herself, but of those for whom she was acting, and to avoid as much as in her lay the danger of schist 4 and disunion, which an appointment like that of Mr. Bennett was sure ' to pro duce. But what shall we say of Mr. Bennett him self? Belonging as he u ndoubtedly does in spirit to one Church , an d feeling I, —ow comes he to be the recipient of the patronag e . and emoluments of another ? How can a clergyman w h o passes his time in the society of Roman Catholic priests, who frequents their places of worship in preference and to the exclusion of those of the Church to which he nominally and occasionally conforms, undertake the care of a Protestant congregation, subscribe Protestant A r ticles, or submi t to t he rule es a Protestant episco pate? Such conduct presupposes a moral obliquity which we trust is rare, ahnd_dw.hich the recent secession of so many clergymen, 1 o ing similar opinions, to the Church of Rome shows at any rat e not to be universally con nected with them. It therefore appears that,without grave misconduct on the ps.rt of the patroness, the ebisho and • re commending clergy, t. , rn the incumbent, the present scandal could havebottne taken plac e , and that it is not by the default o f some comfort, ;two persons that it can be repeated. This 13 we aorr, and we trust that the friendly inquiry w hich , are promised may end in the suggestion of som e cour se e cou.se which may do reason to irritated fesliegs e the people of Frome, and the justly confidence. in 'f it cannot restore tha t . ain the discretion of if bishop and the sincerity and Orthodoxy of the in cumbent which the present exposure h as d ono so muc h to destroy, may peen, e t the recurrence o f a s i milar evi l . DAILY NEWS. —In suffering a numerical defeat on lie inquiry into the ' his motion. for a pub circumstauces i o f the . attending the i ..DLitllt.oll ~e. i J. W. Bennett to the benefice of From° 6 1 " 0 ( t Mr. Horsmau has • d anottler success. ' For, in averting public game three Cabinet Min isters (two of them &- public is quirt', N ha ve undertaken , with the full and e eetaties of btAte) the House of Com mons , ' 'esti ea tire approbation of gation; and the sto sufthe tote a friendly "3"" * I e ' d that, asatunie th n"l a lor o Exchequer has admitt I g e f cts te b to afford and th e l aw no remedy for the as represented sn t priest on a Prot est a n t cure s intrusion of a semt-Rolnite vide one. And what are or souls, legislation inusita 13 18 ) 43 the B ishop .e of London, the facts of the case?. fa r. we,nett held opinions and had though warned that far. , . and than tiny pernicious published doctrines more any ce t ataiiied in the Tracts for,the,Tinaes," insti tuted APRIL 22, 1852. MADEMOISELLE JOANNA WAGNER. The " vexed question" about the theatre in which this much-talked-of artist is to appear in London has been ultimately settled in favour of the Royal Italian Opera. Since this fact was made public, however, a statement has appeared in the columns of a contempo rary, which accuses Mademoiselle Wagner of what may be termed, in legal phraseology, " sharp practice," in her transactions with the director of Her Majesty's Theatre, In refutation of this charge, Herr Albert Wagner, father of the singer, has addressed ns a letter, much too long for publication, the gist of which, ho,:v ever, may be briefly stated. Herr Wagner declares that the director of the Royal Italian Opera, as early as 1850, made several propositions to his daughter Mademoiselle Wagner, which her continental engagements prevented her from accepting, and that in the autumn of last year these propositions were renewed, but, that owing to circumstances wholly uninteresting to the public, Made moiselle Wagner was induced to give the preference to Her Majesty's Theatre, with the director of woeich establishment she signed a treaty for the present season. Herr Wagner further states, that in tho course of last month, his elaughter re ceived several letters from the director of the Royal Italian Opera, to which, considering her salt bound to the other theatre, she did not reply. An important stipulation, however, in the engagement with Her Majesty's Theatre, which was to have been carried out on the 15t1i of March, not having beea fulfilled, Mdlle. Wagner, on the sth of the present month, regarding the old contract as null and void, concluded new one with the director of the Royal Italian Opea. The object of Herr Wagner's letter is to defend his daughter, who throughout acted u nder the advice of himself and her most intimate friends, from the charge_ of having acted inconsiderately to wards the direct!: of ad the theatre for which she signed her first treaty. fulfil- I of one day between the date agreed upon for the ment of the stipulation alluded t o and its absoluteeteßdeerrr by an authorised agent of H er Ma j esty's Thetr titre, is ti bad Wagner states that not less than elapsed before Mademoiselle Wagner f sig u n r ed a contract the 7th of A with the rival es no tice had been transmitted to the on pri l, a formal director of Her Majesty's Theatre, in w hich Mdlle. Wagner declared that she considered herself no longer bound to that establishm ent. These d i fferences are not matters of general interest, Antadtitohne best way for Mdlle. in Eugland is to Wagner to sustain her re ma y p p u lease the Loudon public as sing so well that she much as s h e h as a l r eady plerie, that of Bei lin, Vienn a , Times. and ether continental cities. FRENCH PLAYS, ST. J A IIIEB E THEATRE. Her Majesty the Queen and his Royal Highness Prince i Albert, saxe o e u s a r e r t, accompanied by his Serene Highness Prince Leo Coburg and Gotha, and attended by the Cou e n l t .e e! . :of (.l h :D ' : Lord 'Talbot, Lord Colville, and Colonel Sey . mour and Lady the performances with their presenc,i lest were also present-LoraThe Duchess of Sutherla t n h d i Marquis of ng. There Constance Gower,' Robert Grosvenor, arl at Gies- Normanby, the Marchioness ( . 4 . Downshira 9 th terfiehl, the Earl of Granville, Lord N .,, ; ,.l t i l i lnipton, Lord Countess Walde- Canning, Lotd an d Lad Ashburton, the grave, Lady 131.11wer,,. the Countess de Flahrlt, i.3ir Michael Shaw Stewart, Sir William Clay Ryder Burton, air. and Mrs. John Staple le.:rick, Captain Mrs. Milner Gibson, Mr* A. Tibom) lr3.''WC;npdthaianin,L3m'onr., Leveson Gower, Colonel tiacalpine. TuE B E LGIAN TREATY. — Yesterday the treaty of commerce and navig ation between her Majesty and the King of the Belgi ans, ratified on the 7th instant, was issued from the Parlia mentar y printing-office. The a . treaty contains 20 ar ticles, and is accompanied by n additional article, clarat i on , and all article expi a a de - ,4atory of.the latter. LYNCH LAW IN CHELSEA. During yesterday and the two preceding days great excitement has prevailed in the neighbourhood of Clan sea tied Brompton, in consequence of a series of outrages having been commit'ed by a mob of persons, toithe number of several hundreds, which have resulted in a considerable destruction of property. It appears that a few days ago a report was circulated that a womaa named Sarah Cox, living in Green-street, Marlbo rough-road, had put her child, a little girl eight years old, upon the fire, and burnt her to death. This state ment was generally believed, as it was known in the neighbourhood that the child had for a lengthened period been ill-treated by her mother, who, in addition to beating her,is said to have locked her up in a room for fi:teen or sixteen hours in the coldest days of winter, without either food or Ste. An inquest was held on the body, at which the medical evi dence was to the effect that the child died from the effects of fire, but as it origin could not, bo ascertained, the jury returned an open verdict. This did not satisfy the neighbours, who -seem to have been convinced that the mother was guilty of murdering the child, and therefore they determined to take the law into their own hands. The funeral was arranged to take place at St. Luke's Church on Monday afternoon. At the hour ap pointed for the procession to leave the house, many hundreds of persons assembled round it, who vowed they would tear the woman to pieces if they could lay hands upon her. A messenger was secretly sent to the police station, and a number of constables arrived at the house. The procession left the house, and immediately the crowd, which had greatly increased in fury, set up a frightful shrieking and hooting, following up that show of their indignation by hurling showers of large stones, mud, and filth at the mother with great violence. Se verat of the stones struck her in the face and on the head, and her clothes were covered with mud. The mob who followed the coffin all the way to the churchyard, hooting, shrieking, and throwing stones like so many mad people, endeavoured several times to seize her, and had it not been for ten or twelve policemen who sur rounded her, she would most certainly have been seri ously injured. The officers urged the mob to allow the coffin to be taken quietly to the grave, but they refused to listen. At length, after considerable difficulty, the churchyard was reached, and there the scene was one of a fearful description. The mob now amounted to up wards of a thousand persons, all of whom were shout ing and throwing stones, and the uproar became so great that not a word of the burial service could be beard. The clergyman had at last to desist, and make the best of his way from the spot. The mob then Again endea voured to get possession of the woman; and had it not been for the moat strenuous exertions of the police, she would have been trampled to death. The return from the church was of a more uproarious character; bat the woman, under the protection of the police, managed to get into her house, and the doors were fastened. The mob then took up a position in front, where they re mained until a late hour, thinking the woman would make her appearance. Daring the, night she and her friends made their escape from the house, atter having packed up all their goods and filled a waggon with them, which they had managed to persuade a carman in the neighbourhood to bring. The goods were taken with the waggon to a stable for the rest of the night, in or der that they might be conveyed away in the morning. Before, however, that was done the mob again assembled, and hearing that the woman had tlsd, their rage knew no bounds. Being told that the goods were in the neigh bourhood, they determined upon finding and destroying them. The neggon nes met in the street, and the work of destruction commenced. Mahogany tables, drawers, and bedsteads were broken into a thousand pieces; beds cut -open and feathers and flocks thrown into the road; china and looking-glasses smashed, and every article destroyed. Toe police interfered, but the crowd at this (nearly twelve o'clock on Tuesday night) was upwards of five thousand persons, and their efforts were un availing. The mob then again repaired to the house, thinking the woman was in the neighbourhood. They remained there nearly all night and began again to as• sellable yesterday morning, end to increase during the day; and last night a large mob was endeavouring to find the object of their hatred, whom they vowed they would murder if she was to be found. PRICES OF WHEAT, FLOUR, AND BREAD, IN LONDON - AND PARIS. Annex :id is a comparison of the present prices of wheat, flour, and bread, in London and Paris:_ The highest price of wheat of the first quality in Paris is 29f. per 11 hectolitre, which is equal to 445. 3d. per quarter; and the highest price of white wheat of the first quality in London being 48a. per quarter, it follows that wheat is nearly 8i per cent. dearer in London than in Paris. Tne highest quotation of flour of the first quality in Pttis is 35f. 15e. the 130 kilogrammes, which is equal to 355. 2d. per sack, of 2801 b. English; and the highest quotation of flour in the London market being 40s. the sack, it follows that flour is about 13 per cent. dearer in London than in Paris. The highest quotation of the second quality of white flour in Paris is 32f. 50c., which is equivalent to 325. 6d. per sack of 280ib., and which, as compared with the quotation in London of 30s. tor . household flour, shows that this description of fl ou r is nearly 8i per cent. dearer in Paris than in London. The price of bread of the firbt quality in Paris is 31c. per kilogramme, which is cqual to about 54d. the 41b. loaf, English weight; and the price of bread in London at the full•priced shops being 7d. per 41b., it follows that breed is about 334 per cent. dearer in London than in Paris. The second quality of bread is quoted at 24 cents. per kilogramme in Paris, which is equivalent to nearly 40. per 41b. loaf. LONDON WEDNESDAY COINCERTS. The fourth of these popular entertainments took place test night at Exeter-hall, and drew a crowded audience. The principal feature was the first appearance of Ma deazoiaetio Jolly Trcifs in meeseen since the winter of 1850. This great public favourite nas lost none of those qualities to which she owes her reputation as one of the most perfect singers in her peculiar line. Her voice, one of the sweetest of mezzo-sopranos, while re taining all its freshness, has increased in power and volume. Mademoiselle Treffz sang five times, being en cored in two out of three of her songs. Her reception was highly flattering. She first sang the exquisite lied of Mozart. " Vergess mein nicht," with touching sim plicity. Being compelled, by unanimous desire to re turn to the orchestra, Mademoiselle Treffz, instead of re; peating Mozart's ballad, sang another by Mendelssohn, " Gruss" (" Greeting"), equally charming in its way. Tom Moor e's genuine ballad of " Love's Young Dream," which Mademoiselle Treffz sang in English, without a single ornament, but with a grace unstudied that gave the fullest expression to the melody, was even more suc cessful. When recalled she repeated it, to the general satisfaction of the audience. Her last performance was a new lied, by Kucken (known in English as "Come, sweet Mewl"), which, while far more elegant, promises to rival in popularity the familiar " Trab, trab, trah," of the same prolific author. This, although it came late in the evening, was not less charmingly rung, and not less warmly-applauded than the others. Mademoiselle Treffz was accompanied on the pianoforte by M. Adolfe Schim ,n, in a tasteful and musician-like manner. Among the other prominent features of the programme were solos on the double-bass, violin, and oboe, by Signors Bottesioi, and Sivori, and M. Lavigne, all of which were eminently successful. That of Signor Sivori, the " Car nival de Venise," was enoortd, and Pagannitti's varia tions on " Nel cor phi " substituted in its place. The veteran Braham was in all his glory; and in the famous war song, " Scots wha hae," showed that the fire within him still burnt ardently. Ho was encored both in this and in the " Old English Gentleman," which, in his hands, as a specimen of the familiar " table song," can hardly be surpassed. The Misses Brougham sang dalssohn's beautiful duet, " 0, wert thou in thea.Maseuonl.d blast," with the utmost taste and feelin,g. Mi" SLtbnneatn gate Bishop's " Should he upbraid,' with gre h a l sue ness and facility. Miss Rose Brahsin, was big y weet lova arise, cessful in a new Spanish serenade, H e er y r " Come and buy my and Miss Jacobs showed much p r om ' is b e r in tio L w o a d r e s r . :s, pr tt ballad, ma su n mei te , e n_or, o san u g ai sejeral pieces, the most P Reichert, the tale o nt u e l d ar oGfer which, Th gig , was the air c d. Mr. George Tedder, in " The Thorn," one of eSnhieolrde's best ballads, was sin3iliarly complimented; and vr in as played Miss Alleyne, who bids fair to become one of our ablest Hush yo pretty f c r o o n m c e singers,aodea ~dAtihseteiisnilguautniesdhoebGdi iugherself ,w h , I h y warbling choir, in first-rate style by M. Remusat, principal flsutist at her Majesty's Theatre. M. Alexandre Billet accom panied the greater part of the vocal music on the piano with his accustomed ability, and the band, well directed by Herr Ansehnez, played the overtures to Zampa and the Cheval de Bronze. g CENTRAL RAILWAY. —T ra ffi c for the Week p a ssengers (9,534), parcels, horses, and carriages £993 4 8 April 18, 1852 : endSincl e a rrisA o ds, cattle, &c. 1,007 16 5 Total .. ... .. 2,001 1 1 Corresponding week in last year... 1,731 3 8 Perth, April 20. 1852. -- - - -- - - SHORT WElGHT.—Yesterclay, at the Sessions house, at Newington, the following persona were convicted of using short weights and measures :—Thomas Mansell, of the Albany-road, Camberwell, fruiterer, 215., for three weights against the purchaser. Henry Merritt, of Pomeroy street, Old Kent-road, chandler, 35g. and 6s. costs, seven weights wrong. James Cattan, Manor -street, Kent-road, 10s., a weight very wrong. Chambers, greengrocer, living in the same neighbourhood, 10s., for deficient weight. John Gatobee, greengrocer, Stockwell -street, Kent-road, 41., sixteen weights against the buyer. William Denyer, Old Kent-road, cheesemonger, 15s. ' for a similar offence. Wm. Joseph Craywood, John-street, Christ Church, chandler, 55. Matthew Day, two weights and a weighing-machine against the buyer; this person lives in Upper Ground-street, Christ- Church ; the chairman told him that this was too serious a case to be passed over, and he must pay 20s. and 6s. costs. Daniel Pitman, Upper t3round-street, chandler, 205., nine weights, having a balance against the purchaser. James Uwin, James-street, Christ Church, 55., a weight wrong. THUATRICALS Is CALIFORNIA.-It appears from the following statements which are made in private corre spondence from San Francisco, that the theatrical profession is not the best paid in California. An extract from a letter dated San Francisco, February 13, says :—" The theatres are comparativ deserted; those actors who are on the way will curse the country, and long for home. The country is now poor, and a dollar looks as large here as it does in Boston ; many or working for their board andlodging. The theatres are not doing a paying business." Another letter contains the fol ,lowinepar agra ph :—" Th er e i s no more chance for actors . or actresses to make money here; it is all over onlyy w I better to stay where they are. There are twoarrehgeeotirnegs open now. Salaries are cut down, and theatreare getting down. Theatrical excitement is all over. People p pe rn op de ie nt o , ut an o d f etngakaegeemareentosfhetrhee)r money. There are many P Wan ion of the Gnta's Irrw, Math 21.—At S Honourable Society of Gray's Inn, this day, Newman b° Ward, Esq , was called to the degree of boxrister-st-law. TILE PROPOSED .NEW CONTICT SET.. TLEiIIENT FOR INDIA. (mom THE OVERLAND xxGISTER.) Tor some time past the attention of - her Majesty's Government has - been occupied in " looking out" for a new penal settlement, and New Caledonia, in the Southern Archipelago, as a fit and proper place, has attracted attention, A finer country than that she has fixed her thoughts upon for a new convict settlement can hardly be itnegined. We have gained some information re specting it from a party vhb has visited it several times, traded with the natives, and travelled over a large portion of it. Ttre southern extremity of New Caledonia is in latitude 22 deg. 30 min. S.; longitude 166 deg. 50 min. E. The land is low, and not visible from the southern part of the great reef that surrounds it; the southern extreme of the reef is in latitude 23 deg. S., longitude 166 deg. 55 min. E. New Caledonia is seldom more than 8 to 10 leagues in breadtb, but the chain of mountains which forms the exterior extends N.W. and S.E. about 80 leagues. On the south-west side a coral reef extends along the whole coast, forming 'a steep wall to seaward, level with the water's edge, having no soundings within two ships' length of it, with 150 fathoms line. There are several passages through the reef admitting ships of the largest size, with good anchorage inside in from 18 to 10 and 8 fathoms. The bottom is sandy near the reef, but towards the shore changes to a blueish stiff mud. In clear weather, and the sun at en altitude of 20, a ship may be (with a lookout on the topsail yard) navi gated up and down the coast inside the reef for nearly 75 miles. Vessels should be kept nearer the coast line than the reef, as, when the latter is ap proached, there are many spits ofcoral which would not be seen were the sun obscured, until the ship was close upon them. The coast-line is mostly clear, and there are few dangers but what are visible. In side the reef there are a number of islands of considerable size, situated about from three to four miles from the mainland, forming most excellent harbourr, with a depth of water from' eleven to three fathoms. In fact, one of these harbours, to which there is a direct entrance through the reef; is a natural wet dock which could contain a number of large vessels, and a more excellent depot for the accommodation of steamers could not perhaps be found in the world. Distant about twelve or fourteen miles in a south-east direction, fresh water may be obtained in many of the islands, and an abundance of firewood. On the mainland fresh water may always be procured, and in many places boats can enter the small fresh water rivers and fill from alongside. The N.E. side does not furnish more than three good harbours, and it requires great cau tion in approaching them, as there is a chain of reefs fronting the whole length of the coast, with many de tached, diverging from one to nine miles from the shore, with no anchorage inside of them until about 150 miles to the N.W., where the reef is continuous for some time, and forms a good anchorage. The whole coast of New Caledonia, on both sides, has at a distance a most uninviting appearance, ex cept about forty miles at the N.W. end, where the land is thickly covered with vegetation to the water's edge. On entering the rivers a fine alluvial country is found, and on the N.E. side, more particularly, the scenery is grand beyond description. Most of the land has evidently been formed from the washing down of soil from the high lands for ages. In some places the land is formed into small islands, with a good boat channel between them, forming most picturesque views seen from a height. In the valleys there are many groves of the courie pine, growing large enough to make spars for vessels of 300 to 400 tons, and on the island there are many other trees of large dimen sions, fit for shipbuilding and other purposes. A stranger visiting this country would imagine it was thickly populated, in consequence of the na tives (generally speaking, two or three friendly tribes), assembling together whenever Europeans make their appearance. Tbat it has been thickly populated at some time there can be little doubt, not only from the appearance of the neglected cul tivation, but from statements made by the elder inhabitants. Captain Kent, :in her Majesty's ship Buffalo, who discovered and named Port Saint Vin cent in 1803, mentioned that the natives were very numerous there; at 'the present time there are not twenty natives to be found all round that fine har bour. For many miles roiled the south end, and on the coast W.N.W., fifty miles from Port Saint Vin cent, there is not a native establishment to be seen. The natives are more numerous at the N.W. end of the island, and there is a conderable Lumber re siding on the adjacent islands inside the rf efs on the S.W. side, generally employed fishing, who are all subject to the chiefs on the mainland. The whole population of New Caledonia would probably not be under-rated at 25,000, although the French Roman Catholic missionaries have stated the popula tion to be 60,000, but these gentlemen reside in that part of the island where the population is most nu merous, end have not travelled much into the interior. There are now residing at Balade harbour eleven French missionaries. The traveller finds great inconvenience from the many different dialects spoken by the inhabitants, dife tering considerably at places not more than twenty miles distant from each other, yet the chiefs visit each other from greater distances, and seem to converse familiarly. The language does not seem to partake of the Malayan, nor of the New Hollanders, nor of the New Zealanders, and seems to be distinct from that of any of the contiguous islands. The climate is very salubrious, by reason of the cool S.E. winds blowing from April to October. There are frequent gales of winds from November to March, accompanied with heavy rains from the N.E., the wind veering round to N.W. and S.W. When it gets to the southward of S.W. the weather becomes fine and serene, and the wind settles to the south ward and eastward, , with moderate weather, until the change of the moon, when an alteration takes place, and the same expositions of winds are observed. In the latter part of November, and nearly all De cember, there is much lightning and heavy thunder, with vast quantities of rain, but these storms seldom last beyond thirty-six hours. At these periods, the water inside the reef on the S.W. side is deeply coloured from the g reat quantity of soil was hed down from the high lands all along the coast, commanderand i t isth is endang particularlyerou sto wellm acquainted with theov e a ships unless the various channels. In February and March hurri canes may be looked for, hut they seldom ra ge with the the fury Mn w hi c h they do at the so which uent as they the same parallel. Nor are they frequent a re at that island, as several yea rs may pass over without one being known. They commence from the sam e point of the compa ss as th ose at the Mauritius, end there is about the same • terval of calm, but they soon resolve themselvesin' into moderate gales. At least, such has been the character of those expe rienced the past six Sears ; duri ng w hi c h t i me on l y three have occu rre d. Many of the natives live to a ripe old age, which can only be attributed to the salubrious nature of the cli mate, as they end ure many privations from their im providence ; for although nature is most bountiful in the crops , e they do not think of storing food to supply themselves during the win ter months. When the harvest is ga th ere d i n each neighbouring fri endly tribe invites th e ot h er to feast with it, and in one round of feasting the whole is consumed, their only care being to reserve seed enough for the ensuing season. During the rest of the year the natives live upon the bark of trees, wild roots, and fish. The several tribes are almost constantly . engaged in exterminating wars, which is the principal cause of the falling off of the population. In these wars many lives are lost, and the conquering parties do not hesitate to make use of their slain foes for food. So many men being killed in these fights, the result is that the females greatly pre ponderate in number. These are made to perform all the heavy work in cultivating the soil, cooking, &c , and for the slightest offence are often put to death. The men are generally tall, powerfully made, and athletic, and when used in a kind manner by European visitants, are harmless and inoffensive. They are not subject to many diseases, and those they do suffer from are generally of a cutaneous nature; elephantiasis is som6what common among them. Like all other people in a savage state, they have a belief in spirits, and use propitiary sacrifices at harvest, death, and other times. Beside 'the wood formerly noticed, the indigenous productions of the island consist only of yams, tar s, • sugar-cane, cocoa . nslts, and plantains; Various kinds of fish are found in abundance around the coast, espe cially on the S.W. side, where, in the shoal water, large and fine mullet abound—so much see that the o ftena t night, when a boat is going rapidly t hrou g water, great numbers will jump in. There are d found also amongst in the fresh water various kin ds of figb an , them perch and carp. f requented k lagoons are by largo quantitica of curlew d v toanthe Ild d ue"f four-footed acinials i nc il i enous,i sland , there is only one—a Iry small r a. Not one Ven omous --- rep. nu . The sugar-cane grows tile is t o be f" ' use it .very for luxuriaully ; the nati ves hood , eating it i n s green state• on the 'Wand • No doubt, mostly ail t ro pi ca l w plants would fl o urish $ and not only so, but from expe riments wh . ie h have be en made, wheat, In dian corn, turnip=, an d such like vegetables, are found t o thrive. Cotton has also been tried, and is fou nd to grow luxuriantly, though .I.:.rit itt ' w tne staple. .. e have a sample 01 it in our kalee. We have been indebted f ~ or the above inform at ion to Captain Edward ev of H o b art T own °°° lll l of the barque Eleanor, Majesty's ship wh01,,, further informs us that her iavannah, under the command of Captain. Eli.,;:c,e, explored a considerable part of the country when lately in these seas, and by him a mi nute accountofthis - ma g nificent island • will have been doubtlon banded to her Majesty's Government.