The Sun. — London, England, 1866-08-03 00:00:00

THE AUSTRIAN' ARMY, (From the Special Correspondent of the Times) VIENNA, July 28. The Archduke Albrecht and his staff were ready to leave Vienna in the middle of Thursday night, so fully prepared were they for the prolongation of the war. If lam rightly informed, his inwrial high ness started from his headquarters at 1.30 on Fri day morning to take the field in person. It is posi tive that the officers around him were persuaded the campaign would be renewed at noon that day by an active demonstration of the Prussians all along the line of the Danube. It was calculated, however, that their second attack on the Austrians, and their efforts to cross over, would be made somewhere in the vicinity of Presburg, as the river is narrow, though deep and strong, in comparison with the upper stream in that locality. The skill, the cour age, and the moral superiority of the Prussians, de rived from success, cannot be denied ; but I believe they would have had a far more arduous task be fore them in attempting the capture of Vienna than any they have yet essayed, and that the Austrians would have defended their capital not only with desperate tenacity, • but with more chances in their favour than they have enjoyed up to this moment in the nature of the positions occupied by them and by the enemy respectively, in the character of their generals, the confidence of the troops, and the dissi pation of the panic fear of the needle-gun. Let there be no mistake on the latter point. There was really a "panic" among the troops about the wea pon of the enemy at the beginning of the war. Its effects were exaggerated enormously, although no one in his senses now holds for one moment that the best form of muzzle-loading rifle is equal, or nearly equal, to the clumsy, rough, and yet delicate needle breech-loader. • The Austrians see that the needle gun gives such. a rapid fire that they must endea vour to reduce its results to a minimum by expos ing themselves as little as possible, and by careful shooting with their own arms; in other words, they must refrain from direct attack in column, and trust more to manoeuvring and working in_cipen order. The ranks of the army are filled with men who were returned as badly wounded, but who are now able to serve ; and there is this to be said of the dif ference between wounds which disable temporarily and those which maim altogether—first, that the former permits men who are trained soldiers to re tain to their duty after short absences—indeed, there were . two officers engaged most gallantly with their regiment, the Grand Duke of Hesse, at the action before Presburg who had been wounded at Koniggratz three weeks previously ; secondly, that a man slightly wounded can leave the field of his own accord, whereas a man badly hit requires at least two men to carry him off ; and, thirdly, but by no means lastly, that the light wounds needs little care from the surgeon, while the severe injury demands much of his time. These points are to be insisted upon in order that we may not run away with the notion that small needle-like bolts will do the work of smashing balls. The Duke of Wellington always stuck to the ounce ball, and there can be no doubt he was as right in that as he was in most of the practical details of the artin which he was a master. Presuming that the end of war is to obtain a peace on certain conditions, not attainable without war, there can be no doubt that the more you can kill of your enemy the better ; provided always that in killing them you produce a depressing effect on and destroy the morale of the survivors. For the latter point is of the highest importance. Any sportsman will acknowledge that in the killing of large game a big bullet is far more effective than a small one— and the true principle of war would be to regard your enemy as a wild beast till you had succeeded in killing or in wounding him—with this proviso, that your object in killing and wounding is to frighten the comrades of the sufferers and make them run away. The people who praise little bul lets know nothing of actual warfare, and if it comes to a question of " cruelty," there can be no doubt that the pains of small punctured wounds and perforations causing internal haemorrhage and a lingering death from elongated cylinders are severe and protracted. The Prussians carry—at least, some pouches which were examined , contained-60 rounds of ball cartridge, and they have, it is said, paper, balls, and powder prepared to make 20 more ; but their firelock weighs, 1 should think, about 141 b., and it will be easy for us, by diminishing the load carried by the soldier, to give him a larger supply of cartridges than the Prussians. The bore of the present Enfield is as small as can be for good work in the field, and its effects will be far greater in every way than those of the needle-gun. Well. The Austrian army, leavened with the spirit of the conquerors of Custozza, has been re covering from its despondency and apprehension. The Mondel Brigade, which fought so well at Pres burg, were engaged at Koniggratz and the pre rims actions, and had just made a retrograde movement from Lundenburg, but its conduct was admirable. The whole of the Sad Armee is in excellent case and heart. The Savons, in fine order, are eager to increase the reputation they earned so well on July 3 by their behaviour on the left flank of the army. Some brigades of Benedek's army are in as good condition now as when they marched towards the Prussian frontier. Thus, when the armistice was announced, from Linz to Presburg a formidable host was assembled. If there was no General of transcendent ability there was at the head of the army a thorough soldier, a successful leader, the son of one of the Great Napoleon's most formidable antagonists, who had the confidence of .the men and the respect and regard of his officers. The artillery has been augmented, and is now larger than it was when Benedek weakened every spirit in the Giant Mountains with his thunder. The cavalry are ready to follow Edelsbeim to, they say, " zum Tellfei." The news, then, of this four weeks' armistice has produced the most unfavourable impression on those officers who were proud of . their profession, jealous of the honour of Aus tria, and ready, without any undue elation of pre sumption, to await the chances of war, feeling satisfied that the Prussians were in a situation which a false step might render desperate. So loudly uttered and indiscreet was the expression of their feelings that numerous arreststook place, and it is averred that a hundred or more are now con fined in Vienna for unbecoming language concern ing the peace ; for peace they all consider the armistice to be. Thus the Viennese and the Ger mans, who are angered by the consent of their Go vernment to retire from the Germanic Confederation, and the army officers, who desired the prolongation of the war, are alike dissatisfied, and need restraint. Some, and perhaps many, officers of the army are willing to make the best of the situation. Austria will lose none of her proper dominions. Venetia was, they admit, a sore trouble and weakness, and now, divorced from an ill-conditioned, unloving, extravagant, but beautiful wife, the empire may Ply resources and means hitherto wasted or ill spent to internal improvement. The Piedmontese _fin Italy are, they think, sure to come to great mis rortunes; and the Prussian; by their extortions and wholesale exaction and plunderings, must at last prov o k e the disgust and indignation of Europe. So they will , inthe long i run, be avenged on their enemies. Th e only d ffieulty to be apprehended i n the future arises from the question f of the Bund. The German subject Austria cling to their ands o r Germanic nationality, theegard w of ith great dis favour the acquies cence Government in the the demands of Count Bi smark for 1 4. e abandonment of their ancient relations w i t h the r • sof Fatherland. Hungarian preponderance they neverL can endure, but they see it is nearly inevitable at no distant period, and to the humiliation of defeat by a foreign enemy is added the fear of becoming subj ec t to a race they had by foreign aid trampled under foot and ruled with an iron hand. The good citizen of Brunn with whom I conversed on my way south wards the other day declared that the Hungari ans were the real cause of Austrian improvidence and extravagance. " They not only require an army to keep them in order," said he, " but they must have an army to gratify their taste for military life, to em ploy their idle nobles, and to let them indulge their vanity in fine dresses and uniforms, feathers, lace, horses, and ribands. I have paid for this army God knows how much. I was willing to pay for it be 4ausie I was told it secured the predominance of • Art3tria and made, herrespected and powerful ; but what is the use of an army if it is alw.L3 s beaten when it has to fight? Now I shall have to pay for two armies—for that which has been beaten and for that which is victorious. I think it would be much better, if our army cannot win battles, to do without it, and ask Prussia what she wants, and she may be content with less according to a peaceful arrange ment than she would be if she has to take it by force." Perhaps be has reason to appreciate the distinctions between the two armies by this time. There is no great alteration at present in the actual position of the troops, but the successes of the Italians, who are forcing their way up to Trent, have led to the march of a strong column in that direction. Al though peace is looked on as all but concluded, every one foresees great difficulties in drawing up the actual conditions which shall satisfy the belligerents, and there is quite as much danger of a rupture to be apprehended from the pride and pretensions of Prussia in her treatment of the small States as from her demands against Austria. All the world is now adoring the rising sun, or rather the sun at its zenith, and woe betide the philosopher who ventures to spy out the maculm sobs on that brazen, blazing, and radiant visage, which is said to be very like Count Bismark's. Truces and armistices have generally turned out to the benefit of Austria, and, in spite of military discon tent, it may be that in the present case the same rule will hold, even if war should ensue after all the diplomatists have ceased doing their best. The Feld zeugmeister von Benedek has arrived in Vienna. It is believed he will at once be called upon to give evidence before the commission of inquiry. " Les" malheureux comme les " absens out toujours tort." He may explain how it was that Klum was left un guarded; but the day of Koniggratz cannot be ex plained away from the page of history. The student may search in vain for its parallel—for one single battle with such tremendous results—with the ex ception of Jena. There have been many decisive battles in the world, but they have been the sequels of a long course of war, or the terminating points of protracted campaigns. Never before did two great nations, after years of peace, engage in mortalquar rel, and in one day decide the controversy; and yet, if the armistice be followed by peace, there can be no doubt the Empire of the Kaisers was overthrown on that fatal 3d of July. As a pendant to that re mark it may be as well to know that on the 22d June the exact position of every division in the Prus sian armies was known at the Austrian headquarters. The world may yet learn why and how it was Bene dek did not use his information. It may be that allies are as often a source of weakness as of strength in war. The King of Saxony entreated the Emperor not to let his kingdom or his capital become the seat of war or the prize of the victor. The Bavarians played fast and loose. What else took place the world knows, but much of the moving causes in the mar shalling of events are still secret. JULY 30. To Prussia belongs not only the good fortune of gaining victories, but the monopoly of describing how she won them, and going over her battle fields at her leisure. To Austria are left lamentation, reclamations, protests, and courts of inquiry. On one point, however, the whole Austrian army is agreed—that, with a single exception, a surprise in the streets of a town by the Prussian horse of a detachment of their cavalry, the former have never gained a single success of any description whatever, and have throughout the campaign evinced an amount of circumspection and regard for their flanks and rear most creditable to their dis cretion, and most conclusive as to the value they put on their services to their King and country. When Benedek and his staff were attacked at To bitschau by the Prussian Cuirassiers not a man ex pected to escape death or capture, but the enemy's Guards let them off very easily, though they were two squadrons strong, and Benedek and his staff and escort all told were not 100 men, and several of those were in charge of led horses. As the subject is a large one it would be better, perhaps, not to open it at present, particularly as there is small chance of ever arriving at conclusions acceptable to both sides. There are most important points still to be determined, and the events preceding and con nected with the battle of Koniggratz are only just coming out of the smoke into the light of day. It is as well to state the truth at once. The Austrian army was beaten before the 3d of July. It had lost morale. Its Generals were disobedient ; they violated the orders of their chief. They got soundly beaten ; their men lost confidence in them and in them selves, and became filled with despondency. It may be remembered that in my account of the night march on Dubenec I remarked how silent the men were. I did not then consider it significant, because 1 was not acquainted with the manners of the Austrian army ; but I now know the silence was a sign that the men were out of heart, and that it was quite unusual. These men had been either engaged ith the Prussians or had heard of the result of the combats at Skalitz and elsewhere. They were down-hearted ; they were cowed ; and, although most of them fought bravely on the 3d of July, and many regiments displayed a courage and endurance which their enemy thoroughly appreciated, and which could not have been surpassed by any troops in the world, on the whole it must be said the army fought with confidence, and that itlacked spirit and that sentiment of hope and belief in success which gives a body of men elan and pervades them like a soul. Benedek perceived before the battle was fought that his army was not what it ought to be. It stands recorded as a solid and singular fact that when he fought that battle he believed he would be beaten. (Two days before the battle of Konig gratz the Commander-in-Chief sent a messaga to the Emperor, which must have shaken his very throne, " Sire, you must make peace !") It is only the closest student of military tactics who has by this time recognised the skill with which Benedek wheeled the whole of his enormous army into a new line in the short time between the com bat of Jicin and the battle of Koniggratz. It was a most difficult and dangerous operation. The roads were narrow and bad, the enemy were on both flanks, the country wooded and close. When he sent the Archduke Leopold's corps to confront the Prussians at Skalitz he gave his Imperial Highness orders not to attack the enemy on any account, but to retire slowly under the fire of his artillery to a position indicated precisely for him, in which he would have been sustained by another corps d'armee already put in a most favourable line for defence, hoping thereby to draw on the Prussians from their vantage ground on the hills over Skalitz, and to pro cure for his own men the choice of positions. Had the Prussians attacked the Archduke, he was to fall back till he gained the ridge opposite to that from which they must have descended. His flanks were well protected, and he had nothing to do but carry out his orders and see his guns were not taken as he retreated. Then the Prussians would have had to attack the Archduke supported by one corps d'armee, and with two whole corps d'armee in reserve posted on rising ground, or would have had to retire again pursued in their turn, an d i f a h r a t t h e e d p a f r s o s e m s i n t he to other army and been driven t ee r o s e u p g whole Silesia, while Benedek would have been left at liberty of his victorious soon afterwards to throw the army on the Prussians advancing from . Turnau. But the Archduke Leopold did not obey his orders. On the contrary, he attacked the Prussians on the heights and was repulsed and driven back and fol lowed towards Skalitz, where the enemy took up another strong position, from which Benedek sought to dislodge them in vain. Thus one plan was frus trated. Then a fresh disaster occurred. The First Army Corps, commanded by Count Clam-Gallas, and the Saxon Army, under the Crown Prince, had been directed to watch the Prussians on the left coming from Munchengratz and Turnau, to avoid an action unless hardly pressed, iu which case they . were to retire steadily to Miletin, and above all, not to attack th e enemy. Instead of obeying these orders, th e Fi rst Army Corps and Saxons attacked the Prussians and were defeated. Benedek, who had taken up a strong position with his centre near Dubenec, his left towards Miletin, and his right co vered by the river and by Josephstadt, found him- I self in the twinkling of an eye placed in a positir,„ of the greatest danger. His left was " in t h e ..» • • m '? The Prussians were not only on his left, but in his rear, and at the same time another great army was marching to effect its junction with them where he was altogether exposed. He instantly wheeled back his left and centre, and then retiring his right took up a line at Koniggratz at right angles to the line he had occupied to the west of Josephstadt. An examination of a good map, and a - consideration of the distances to be traversed, as well as of the position of the combined armies of the Prussians, will give the military reader a better idea of the magnitude of the, task and of the ability with which it was accomplished than any amount of written description. But Benedek did not shut.his eyes to the danger of defeat and to the tremendous perils to which his army was- exposcd in the face of a much superior force, armed with a weapon which had produced a greater moral than physical effect, large as his losses had been, on his soldiers. " Sire, you must make peace !"—and the blow was struck. And now, indeed, the words were heard above all the confused voices in the Councils of the Empire— " Sire, you must make peace 1" So CountMensdorff is, they say, going to his own chateau of Nikols burg, where the King of Prussia and Count Bismark are lodged, and where the envoys of the peacemakers are assembled, to arrange the terms which Austria must accept as the price of her future security. The Archduke's friends—and they are many and power ful you may be sure—and Count Clam-Gallas's supporters, and the whole of the German nobility of Austria, disclaim their share in these dreadful dis asters to their country. But it is alleged that the Archduke's misfortunes did not end at Skalitz. When Benedek was retiring from Olmutz he gave orders to the corps on his right to march in order of battle. The corps, however, did nothing of the kind, but marched with miles of baggage in the midst of the column, and with the guns so placed that they could not be defended or supported. When the re port of the military commission is made public it is to be hoped the evidence of the witnesses will be given in full. The history of a defeat is always in teresting, particularly when it was so very nearly a victory; for, in spite of Benedek's apprehensions, as near a victory for Austria was the day at Konig gratz up to the time when the enemy got into Klum as any action which ended in a defeat could have been. The Austrians are very candid in admitting their defects and shortcomings, and it may yet be disco vered who was the guilty blunderer who committed the fault by which the political map of Germany was at once smeared out with blood. My remarks are solely applicable to the military a uestion, for I do not pretend to say here whether the change effected was desirable or not, but an Austrian certainly cannot think it was a good thing to lose the battle of Ko niggratz. We hear that there is much anger in the Prussian camp at the sudden interruption to their victories, and that the soldiers yearn for an evening in the Volks-garten. There are soldiers at this side of the Danube quite as displeased, and the cavalry declare they will have no peace with the Prussians on any terms. The troops of the Southern Army are of the same mind, but General John, the chief of the Archduke Albrecht's staff, is said to have altered his opinion on the subject of carrying on the war since he has investigated the condition of the North Army, and it is certain many of the latter are not so belligerent as their comrades of Italy. Whom is Austria to marry ? The Thanes fall away from her on all sides. Nikolsburg has become the centre of Germany for the moment, and diplomatists cogi tate on their straw beds in obscure villages on the disposal of kingdoms, thrones, dominions, principa lities, and powers. The castle which belongs to Count Mensdorff by marriage is occupied by the King of Prussia, and little is left of Austria out of the enemy's hands which can be called German. The success of Count Bismark cannot be equalled since the days of Napoleon. The Minister of Ba varia is supplicating for a separate treaty of peace ; the Ministers of Wurtemberg and Hesse Darm stadt are at Nikolsburg, and the Grand Duke of Baden and the " Kurfust" of Hesse are awaiting such measures and conditions as he may be pleased to assign to them for the purchase of peace. There is little left now for one but to indulge in retrospect. Vienna is not changed to the outward eye. There are more soldiers than usual, crippled men in uniforms are seen in the gardens and streets, but if thestranger visited Florisdorf this afternoon he would find no vast army there. The men are quartered in ham lets and villages, and the great columns which could in a few hours present a wall of bayonets from Linz to Bruck are not to be detected by a casual glance. How much all the great phantasmagoria which has wellnigh vanished cost Austria who can calculate ? %Vito can say what her glory will yet make Prussia pay ? As there is no possibility of seeing a Prussian, and as the Austrians here are not very attractive, I intend to shift my quarters. The column of troops, which I estimate at about half a corps d'armde, bound for Trent, will be still further reinforced if needs be. The men who marched through Vienna yesterday were in no mood to trifle with an enemy, and unless the Southern Tyrolese be as Italian in heart as they are in language, the Volunteers will have plenty of work on their hands if they persist in the war on their own account. The truce will soon be over, and although the Austrians may not hold their present line, they will probably concen trate at some place north of Trent, where I trust to see them speedily. TTIE SON, LONDON, PERM V EVENING, AUGUST 8, i 866. 4th King's Own Royals, 22 non-commissioned offi cers and men of the 96th Regiment, six men of the 2d battalion 21st Royal Fusiliers ; and 40 non-com missioned officers and men of the 109th Bombay In fantry. The following officers are ordered to em bark with the detachments :—Capt. J. 0. Vandeleur, 35th Regiment ; Capt. J. Powell and Ensign W. H. M'Gaskill, 102 d Royal Madras Fusiliers ; Lieut. J. Packman, 2d battalion 21st Regiment ; Lieut. St. John E. Daubeny and Ensign A. W. Gairdner, 109th Regt. ; and Assist.-Surg. J. B. Ball, M.D., 33d Regiment, in medical charge. The Ordnance screw steamship Earl de Grey and Ripon, J. H. Moore, Master in command, the first vessel made and engined by the Thames Ironworks, yesterday returned to Woolwich Arsenal, from the western yards, having made her first trip to sea with the most satisfactory results. She sailed from Wool wich with a heavy cargo of guns and other war stores, and brought back a number of disabled Arm strong guns to be repaired, and shell, shot, &c., 300 chests of small-arms to be converted under the system about to be introduced, and 700 powder barrels, landed at Purfleet. Her average speed at sea, according to the ship's log, is reported at 104 knots per hour, and her sailing under canvas was equally good. She made the distance from Ply mouth to the.-North Foreland, under somewhat unfavourable weather, in 23f hours. An unexpected obstacle has arisen which will de lay, for a short time, the manufacture of the self igniting cartridges destined for the convertedbreech loading carbines, ordered to bear the name of " Boxer cartridges." The chartered store-ship G. E. Putman went down to Woolwich yesterday, from the Victoria Docks, in readiness to embark war stores for Quebec and Montreal. She is at present without a Com mander, her late captain and owner, whose name the ship bears, together with one of the ship's lads, having died a few days ago of cholera. The ship, notwithstanding, is now fast to the T pier at the Royal Arsenal, under no restrictions and with a free communication with the town. The Dunham, hired troopship, taken up by the Hon. Council of India for the conveyance of rein forcements of cavalry, artillery, and infantry to Calcutta, embarked the following detachments at Gravesend yesterday, to augment the various corps serving in the Bengal Presidency :-17 non-com missioned officers and men, 2 soldiers' wives, and 2 children of the 2d (the Queen's) Dragoon Guards, 2 men, 1 soldier's wife, and 2 children of the 7th (Princess Royal's) Dragoon Guards, 1 officer and wife, 1 staff -sergeant, 4 women, and 1 child of the sth Royal Irish Lancers, 2 men and 2 women of the 19th Hussars, 2 staff-sergeants, 1 man, and 1 woman of the 20th Hussars, and 1 staff-sergeant and 3 women of the 21st Hussars from the cavalry depot, Canterbury ; 14 non-commissioned officers and men of the Royal Horse Artillery from Maid stone; 3 officers, 113 non-commissioned officers and men, and 2 soldiers' wives of the 77th Regiment from Chatham ; 1 officer, 22 men, and 1 woman and child of the Ist Battalion 23d Royal Welsh Fusileers, 1 man, 1 soldier's wife, and 4 children of the 101st Royal Bengal Fusileers, and 3 men, with 5 women and children of the 104th Bengal Fusi leers, from Walmer ; 1 officer and 53 men of all ranks of the 41st (the Welsh) Regiment, from Col chester ; 1 man of 27th Enniskillens, and 1 man, with 3 children, of the 91st Highlanders, from Pres ton ; 43 non-commissioned officers and men of the 55th Regiment ; 1 officer and wife of the 88th Connaught Rangers, and 1 officer and wife of the 107th Bengal Infantry. The following officers embarked with the above troops, viz. : Capt. A. L. Nicholson, 107th Regiment, in com mand ; Lieut. E. H. Saunders, sth Lancers ; Lieut. J. W. Maffett, 88th Connaught Rangers ; Lieut. H. Tapp, Ensign T. P. Ferguson, and Ensign C. J. Arnold, 77th Regiment ; Ensign H. W. Grif fiths, 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers ; and Ensign T. 11. Bate, 41st Regiment, with Assistant-Surgeon T. Barnwell, 3d Battalion Rifle Brigade, in medical charge. The embarkations were effected under the superintendence of Brigade-Major W. W. Lynch and officers of the Staff of Chatham garrison. The Dunham will' leave the Thames to-day. Col. Pattie, C. 8., has assumed the command of the Ist King's Dragoon Guards, at Colchester. The depot of the 11th Hussars (which regiment the Ist Dragoons succeed at Colchester) will be stationed at Canterbury. Lieut. Sampson, 18th Regiment, is ordered to join the depot at Col chester. The following officers of the 11th Hus sars proceed to India overland :—Col. Fraser,V.C., Capt. W. Cunninghame, Capt. A. C. Tempest, Lieut. Delacour, and Lieut. A. E. S. Preston. The following appointments were made yester day at the Admiralty :—Commander Charles W. Manthorp, to the Ocean ; Lieut John F. Lenon, to the Racoon ; Lieut. Arthur R. Tinklar, to the Ocean ; Lieut. Francis W. Prosser, to the Indus ; Pierce Mansfield, M.D., surgeon, additional, to the Victory, for temporay service in Portsmouth dock yard ; John Rorie, surgeon, to the Ocean ; Joseph May and Samuel Davidson, assista n t- surgeons , t o J. IV. Jago, m as t er ' s ass i stant, to the I.E. R. Johnsto ne , master ' s assistant, t o h c e ea O n ce ; a a n n ; d to the Antelope. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. BRISTOL AND EXETER. The directors of this company have resolved to recommend at the ensuing half-yearly meeting that a dividend be declared for the half-year ended June 30 last, at the rate of per cent. per annum, leav ing a balance of £ l , lOO to be carried forward. Naval and Military Intelligence. A Malta correspondent, under date of the 26th of July, writes that her Majesty's surveying steamer Hydra, Capt. P. F. Shortland, arrived at Malta on the 24th from Cape Pessaro ; passen gers, Mrs. R. R. Drew and Son and Mrs. M. Rickord. It is reported that the ransom money paid by Captain Shorland to the brigands in Sicily has been retu rne d t o hi m b y t h e I ta li an Go vernment. A telegram from her Majesty's Consul- General at Tunis announces the appearance of a disease among the cattle at Bizerta, and recom mends a quarantine being established on cattle ar riving from the Regency. Several consignments of cattle have consequently been placed in .quarantine, and the Malta Government has telegraphed to the Consul-General for further information. News by telegraph from Alexandria of the 24th of July states that a quarantine of 15 days has been imposed on vessels arriving there with foul bills of health from any port affected with cholera. The public health at Malta continues to be very satisfactory. • The Antelope, paddlewheel steamship, Lieut.- Commander Bruce, arrived at Spithead on Wednes day evening from Woolwich. She left again yes terday for Plymouth, en route to the coast of Africa. The Enchantress, Admiralty yacht, Staff-Com mander Petty, left Portsmouth yesterday morning for Woolwich, to be in attendance on the Lords of the Admiralty on their annual official visits to the naval establishments. The Urgent, troopship, Capt. Henderson, arrived at Spithead last evening from the Mediterranean, with naval and military invalids and time-expired men, who will disembark to-day. The left wing of the 31st Regiment, under the command of Lieut.-Col. 'Westhead, embarked yes terday at the dockyard, Portsmouth, to join the headquarters of the regiment at Dublin. The de pot of the 40th Regiment previously disembarked from the Montezuma to await the arrival of the regiment from New Zealand. A court-martial was held on board the Victory, m fl a a g n s d h e i r p - i o n f - V c i h c i e e - f A a d t m p i c r ,r al ts S na i o r on a sP Tuesday, asi eY' u C n o d in e r u T tla h , o the presidency of Capt. E. Tatham, her Majesty's ship Bellerophon, for the trial of Thomas Mills, second-class carpenter on board her Majesty'sship Asia, on charges of drunk enness and absenting him self from duty, which were fully proved, and the pri soner was sentences to be dismissed from her Ma jesty's service. A second court was held, of which the Hon. F. Erjerton, A.D.C., was president, for the trial of Geor ge Jeplison, private, Royal Marine Light Infantry, '" for striking his superior officer." He was found gvlilty, and sentenced to be imprisoned for 18 month° in Winchester Gaol, and then dismissed her Maier sty's service. 'Orders have been received at Chatham garrison, directing the following troops to be held in readiness to embark on board the chartered troopship Edwin Fox, for conveyance to Bombay—viz., 20 non eommilisioned officers and meal of the lot battalion METROPOLITAN AND ST. JOHN'S-WOOD. The report of the directors states that the works on the line had made satisfactory progress since the last half-yearly meeting. The Metropolitan Company had determined to make such alterations in their Baker-street station as would permit of a much more convenient arrangement for the trains to and from Hampstead and the city. The directors considered this a most important improvement on the original plan, and one which would greatly add to the con venience of the public and the advantage of the company. The change in the circumstances of the line and the mode cf working the traffic had involved the widening of the line, so as to admit of a double pair of rails throughout the entire length, a measure which the directors adopted the more readily, as it was otherwise almost essential to the perfect success of the undertaking. The unsatisfac tory state of the money-market since the special general meeting in April had rendered it advisable to defer raising the capital required for the Hamp stead Extension, but the directors would take ad vantage of the first favourable opportunity to effect that operation. The shares would be offered in the first instance tothe existing shareholders. The capi tal account showed that £294,810 ha,d been received, and £284,002 expended, leaving a balance of £lO,BOB. WATERLOO AND WHITEHALL. The half -yearly meeting of this company was held on Wednesday at the offices, Westminster-chambers, Victoria-street--the Hon. R. Dutton, M.P., in the chair. The secretary having read the statement of ac coil n ts, which showed that £60,05 7 ha d bee n re ceived, and £42,452 expended. The CHAIRMAN said that, owing to circumstances which had been recently submitted to the board, and with which they were then hardly in a position to deal, they had deferred making their half-yearly report. They were informed that the cost of the railway would exceed the estimate. The land on the southern side of the river was taken at £15,000. They had taken no land at all, for they had erected works not larger than a sewer underground without damaging the houses. The £15,000 was paid in the event of the houses being damaged. He then pro posed the adjournment of the meeting to Nov. 2, stating that in the meantime they would consider what steps should be taken for raising sufficient funds to car r y out t h e wor k. He moved that the directors be autho r i se d t o i ncr ease the share capital of the compa n y by creation and issue of 3 , 500 shares of £lO ea c h (135,000), making the share ca pital of the company £135,000. The propositions of the chairman were agreed to, and the meeting adjourned. LONDONDERRY AND ENNISKILLEN. The report of the directors states that the rent 9f the railway for the six months, £13,000, had been received from the Irish North-Western Company by weekly payments less income-tax. The interest re ceived was £5O lls., the transfer fees £2 155., and the balance from the last account of £lB4 gave with the rent a gross total of £13,237. From this was deducted interest on Government loans, and on de bentures, legal, office, and other expenses amounting together to £4,120, leaving a disposable balance of £9,117 towards payment of dividends and arrears. The directors recommend that the dividends, at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum to the 30th June, be declared, and paid on the 14th inst., on the £3,062 10s. stock B, provided for by the company's Act of 1856 ; also the dividends at the rate of 6 per annum on the £31,850 stock A; also the dividends at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum, together with 1- per cent. on account of arrears, making 6i per cent. per annum on £247,737105. stock 8., leaving a balance of £34. The directors thought it right to remind the shareholders that the ten years - would expire on the Ist October next for which the A stock received a preferential dividend of 6 per cent. per annum ; after that date the dividend would be reduced to 5 per cent., and the difference would be paid to the holders of B stock, till the arrears due to them were satisfied. The capital account showed a total ex penditure of £709,074, leaving a balance against the account of £8,515. GREAT NORTHERN & WESTERN !OF IRELAND The half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Wednesday, at the offices, Park-street, West minster; the Earl of Lucan in the chair. The report, an abstract of which has appeared in The Sun, was read by Mr. Room, the secretary. The CHAIRMAN moved a resolution for the adoption of the report and statement of accounts, which was carried unanimously. Dividends at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum on the preference stock and shares, at the rate of 3.57 per cent. per annum on the ordinary share capital of the company held by the Midland Great West ern Railway Company, and at the rate of 31 per cent. per annum on the ordinary share capital of the company other than that held by the Midland Com pany were declared payable, less income-tax, for the half-year ending June 30 last. GRAND TRUNK OF CANADA. The traffic receipts on this company's line for the week ending July 14 amounted for local passen gers to £6,859 ; for foreign passengers to £3,351; for emigrants to £1,424 ; for mails, &c., to £1,007; for local freight and live stock to £10,763 ; and for foreign freight and live stock to £2,334—t0ta1, £25,738, against £23,630 for the corresponding week last year, showing an increase of £2,108. The total receipts from the Ist of July to the above date amounted to £50,942, and for the same period last year to £50,291, showing an increase of £651. DELHI. It appears that the sum of £33,800, in anticipa tion of calls, has been paid into the Bank of Eng land since June 28 to the credit of the Secretary of State for India, on account of the capital of the above railway. LANGHAM HOTEL (LIMITED). A meeting of this company was held on Tuesday at the hotel, Langham-place ; the Earl of Shrews bury and Talbot in the chair. The report stated that the receipts to June 30th, 1866, amounted to £67,755, and the trading account, after payment of expenses, showed a profit of £19,858. Of this profit £7,665 had been paid to debenture and preference shareholders, and deduct ing that and the further amount of £1,200 due to preference shareholers, a balance of £10,934 re mained. The directors advised that the whole of the £10,994 be carried forward to the next account. , . The CHAIRMAN having moved the adoption of the report, . . Sir J. CARMICHAEL seconded the motion. Mr. BATHOE moved an amendment, to the effect that a committee be appointed to investigate the affairs of the company, and that the meeting be ad journed to the 4th of August. A PROPRIETOR seconded the amendment. Mr. G. BURKE believed that great dissatisfaction existed among the shareholders. He thought that the accounts must be either right or wrong, and contended that the ordinary shareholders were as much entitled to the dividend earned as those who held preference shares. After further discussion, in which several share holders took part, The CHAIRMAN explained thAt the directors wished to husband the company's resources, and not to declare a dividend when they were not in a posi tion to pay it. The amendment was rejected, and the report was adopted. Mr. HALL and Mr. MORGAN proposed resolutions for paying a dividend of 5 per cent. on the ordi nary shares, but they were subsequently withdrawn. The retiring directors and auditors were re-elected, and the proceedings terminated. TIIE BROKEN WINDOWS OF THE ATHENEUM. — The following letter has been addressed by Mr. Beales to the committee of the Athenaeum :—" Mr. Edmond Beales presents his compliments to the committee of the Athenaeum, and begs to express his sincere regret that any damage should have been done to their club-house on Monday last. Mr. Beales has been credibly informed that the popular leaders on that occasion mistook the Athenaeum for the Carlton. Mr. Beales requests that the committee of the Athenaeum will inform him of the amount expended by them in repairing the damage, with a view to his bringing the matter before the Council of the National Reform League." M. LOUIS BLANC ON TIIE HYDE PARK RIOTS. — On this subject M. Louis Blanc writes from London to the Temps as follows :—" The English journals have greatly exaggerated the disorders which took place. Be sides, everything is judged by comparison. In England the least infringement ou the liberty of the citizen acquires enormous proportion& What elsewhere is considered as a simple act of authority is here looked upon as a monstrous abuse of power. Only about 30 citizens have to be struck or wounded for the public to feel the same indignation as the news of a fearful massacre would excite in other coun tries." M. Louis Blanc attests that the sabres of the Life Guards remained as guileless of blood as after a review. 4, They neither menaced nor frightened any one, and yet the simple fact that they were sent to Hyde Park with the object of intimidating the people has been made the sub ject of the most vehement accusations against the English Ministry." THE MURDER OF A CHILD IN SEVEN DIALS.— There now seems to be very little doubt that the poor little boy found dead in the Seven Dials, under cir cumstances described yesterday, has been murdered by his father, who is a tailor by trade, and about 31 years of ago. He is known among his associates as "Mad Dick." Ile has been separated from'his wife for some time, and the boy had been brought up by his grandmother, a poor old woman living in Eagle-street, Holborn. The child, being an un usually intelligent and nice-looking boy, was a great favau rite with the grandmother and an aunt who lived in the same room, but they could rarely obtain anything from either of his parents towards the support of the poor little fellow. Indeed, it now appears that the mother has been living with another man as his wife, and the father also had formed an illicit connection with another woman. The poor boy had consequently become a source of trouble to both of them, although the merest trifle was required for his maintenance. On Sunday evening about eight o'clock the father (Jeffrey) called at the lodging of the grand mother, in Eagle-street, and said ho had come for his boy. The grandmother asked him what he wanted with the child, who had just been put to bed ; but he became very violent, ordered the child to dress himself, and swore that " he would do for her (the grandmother) and the child too," if she did not mind. The old woman and the child's aunt both had some misgivings about giving up the child, and one of them consulted a neighbour and a policeman upon the subject, but they were told that a father had a right to demand possession of his child, and they reluctantly con sented to part with it. It appears that Jeffrey then went to his sister in White Lion-street, St. Giles's, taking the child with him, and asked for a bed. He was accommodated with one, and went to bed with the boy; but at two o'clock in the morning he rose, and, making some remark, took the child away. The sister expressed a hope that he was not going to harm the child, but be made no reply. He could not have walked many ya i rds away, for Neal's-passage, where the body of the deceased was found, is close at hand. Horrible as it seems, it is apparent, from the condition of the body, that the cruel father tied its hands behind, and literally enacted the part of execu tioner of his own child--holding its legs, and forcing down its body to complete the strangulation. The man is described as about five feet five inches in height, sallow complexion, dark hair, whiskers, and beard, chin shaved, small moustache, short in stature, of rather smart appearance, and walks erect. It is. stated that when he took away the child from his sister's he took a piece of candle and some limiters with him, and was heard to tell the boy that "he WAS going a long journey, and would never return." SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—We have not yet before us the actual test of the preliminaries signed on the 26th ult. by the belligerents at Nikolsburg, but we have every reason to rely on the correctness of the particulars conveyed by the telegrams from Berlin with respect to them. Substantially the terms agreed upon are the same as we had ventured to suggest from the outset; but there had been since so much mystifica tion on the part of the semi-official organs, not so much of the interested as of neutral parties, that we were made, as it were, to mistrust the evidence of our own senses. We had felt confident throughout that Prussia, flushed with her rapid and astounding victories, would insist upon nothing short of the total and final exclusion of Austria from Germany, which was the distinct and loudly avowed object of all her endeavours from the first outbreak of hosti lities, and we now find that we had justly estimated both the boldness of her original conception and her tenacity of purpose in working it out. And yet, however obvious the drift Of Prussia was all the time, and however complete her success, it is diffi cult to take in at once all the magnitude of the change brought about in Europe by the conditions on which peace is about to be negotiated at Prague —conditions which are to oust Austria utterly from Germany, and to place that country—the whole of that country—absolutely and unconditionally at Prussia's disposal. It is not merely from one-half of Germany, not merely from the Confederation which Prussia contemplates establishing to the north of the Main, that Austria is for ever sundered. She becomes a stranger to the Southern States likewise. The ostracism is complete. Anything like a " Triad" or a " Dualism" is now definitively put out of the question. Germany becomes Prussia, orat least what Prussia may wish her to become. So far as Austria can have anything to say to the contrary, or so far as any Power west of the Rhine or east of the Vistula has any means to gainsay it, Prussia can from this moment, and relying on the terms of these preliminaries, annex every inch of German territory, and she makes, indeed, no mystery of her power to do so. The King of Prussia is entitled to retain, besides the Elbe Duchies, such part or parts of Hanover, Hesse-Cassel, and Hesse-Darmstadt - north of the Main as may seem most expedient to him. The restoration of any of the Sovereigns of the above-mentioned States to the remainder of their dominions would be only "an act of grace on the part of the Prussian Crown," but it would be im politic as well as inconvenient, and, we are given clearly to understand, far from probable. Indeed, so far as Germany downmtaote up herheline mind of the Main A t l o a l i o n o i k s concerned, Europe may k upon it as one State. The King of Saxony is, in deed, restored, with full guarantee of the integrity of his former possessions. Even in her fallen state, it must be said to her honour, Austria was not un mindful of the ally whose soldiers bled by the side of her own at Sadowa. Saxony is the " o n ly one of the German States included in the Austro-Prus sian Treaty." Saxony, however, is not r es t ore d t o separate and independent existence. She bec ome S a member of the Northern Confederation, under the. auspices of Prussia, and consequently resigns into the hands of Prussia all her sovereign right s as re gards her military organ ization and her diplomatic relations. In" other words, King John of Saxony is, like all other North German princes, reduced to the rank of a Prussian prefect. The supreme im portance of the valley of the Elbe as a military po sition rendered it necessary for Prussia to insist upon such an arrangement. DAILY NEWS.—It would mark a serious degener ation of the English character if ever the demands of the Executive for the suspension of the Habeas Corpus were conceded by Parliament as a matter of course. It may be doubted whethe r we are no t becoming too indifferent in this matter. Three or four years ago we were exceedingly sensitive to the least abridgment of the securities which the law provides for the liberty of the subject, and the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act was regar d e d as one of the gravest of public evils. But that was during the American War; and our interest in the question was speculative or sympathetic. Last Feb ruary we consented to the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act in Ireland with so much eagerness that those members of Parliament who ve n t ure d to d e l ay the passage of the Ministerial bill for an hour to speak of the state of Ireland were spoken of as if th ey h a d proved themselves sympathisers withFenianism. At the end of six months the Government comes for ward to renew the demand. But the circumstances are not the same, and the government of Ireland is not in the same hands. For the last six months Ireland has been administered under the eye of Par liament, and its representatives could at any time rise in the House of Commons and call for expla nations or state grievances. If the request of the Government is complied with it will exercise a power greater than that exercised by the late Administra tion, because unlimited by immediate responsibility to Parliament. A very strong case ought to be made out to support such a demand before it is con ceded. Lord .Naas says that the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act makes persons engaged in trea sonable practices leave the country. That we can easily conceive ; but is not the cessation of the com mon right of every man when he is arrested to know of what he is accused, and to be put upon his trial, likely to determine some persons to leave the country whom it would be desirable to retain in it? If any thing could stimulate emigration that • would be likely to do so. Lord Naas assures us that all the loyal and well-disposed inhabitants of the country derive increased security from the suspension of their ordinary rights, and intimates that a " careful inquiry," conducted secretly in Dublin Castle is better than an assize trial. But the loyal and well disposed inhabitants, under the exceptional state of things which Lord Naas would renew, are precisely those whom the Executive may choose to regard as such, and most persons would prefer to be tried by judge and jury. The Chief Secretary argues that the suspension is necessary, because the ordinary tribunals have failed to vindicate the authority of the law. This is a poor acknowledgment of the good faith for which Irish juries were so highly compli mented while the trials were going on last winter. But we take leave to ask whether anything but a tribunal can vindicat e a l aw ? A r rests on the information of spies, followed by " careful in quiries" with closed doors, may vindicate power, but they cannot exalt the law in the eye of the subject. Lord Naas declares that nothing but the most [absolute necessity for the con tinuance of the po wers gran t e d a t the begin ning of the session would have induced the Government to ask for their renewal. But he ad nails that a great improvement has taken place in the state of Ireland. " Fenianism," he says, "is to a great extent dying away." And no wonder, for since the beginning of the year the imposture has been incessantly exposed; the leaders have turned upon one another, each having some unpleasant truth to tell of his colleagues ; the absurdity of their plans has been laid bare before their supporters,. and, above all, that extraordinary delusion which, like a tap root ,- has nourished so man y others—the belief that countenance and aid was to be expected of the American Government--has been for ever dissi pated. The Chief Secretary dwelt upon the danger still to be apprehended from agents arriving from America, and no doubt it was at one time consi derable ; but their power for mischief lay in the fact that they were able to persuade their dupes that they came from a country the Government of which, having an inveterate grudge against this country to satisfy, would do anything in its power to aid the Fenians as enemies of England. The handsome manner in which the United States Government has acted in this matter is now known wherever Fenian ism has spread, and thus that danger has disap peared. But it seems that we are, nevertheless, to adapt our administration of Ireland to the quality of the Fenian speeches made in America. Head Centre Stephens has solemnly declared that some time this year a struggle shall take place upon Irish soil; and therefore Lord Naas asks that the Go vernment may be enabled to guard against danger of that sort. Of what sort ? Stephens will make speeches as long as there are dollars to be got, and when only half-dollars are forthcoming his threats will become more terrible than ever. But Lord Naas did not tell the house that he apprehended a rising in Ireland, and we believe that no Irishman of any responsibility would profess such conviction. We regret to find the great influence of Mr. Glad stone lent to the Government for the purpose of this measure; but we prefer on this occasion the authority of Mr. Fox, who, in a passage perti nently quoted last night by Sir George Bowyer, said—" He lamented the old established laws known to the constitution had not been applied to the evil, if any existed ; for it was an infamous libel upon the constitution to say that it was only able to main tain itself in times of peace and tranquillity, and must be suspended in times of danger." Count Cavour was accustomed to say, when urged to sus pend the constitutional liberties of Piedmont in difficult times, "No ; any fool can govern with a state of siege." It seems to us, after reading the speeches recently delivered in Parliament by some of the members of the present Government, thatthe tendency to look upon the constitution as a peace constitution, to be thrown overboard, with all its guarantees, on the first alarm, is a real danger of these times. SANITARY CONDITION OF GREENNVICH...-At the last weekly meeting of the Greenwich District Board of Works the inspector of nuisances said his attention had been called to an account of an inquest stated to have been held at Greenwich, and which appeared in some of the daily papers. The paragraph also alluded to the awful sanitary state of the district. He had made inquiries, and found that the inquest in question did not take place at Greenwich, but at Yak-place, Bothual-groeu. , WHITEBAIT POLITICS: (From the Owl.) that I am a Whit e b a it. Y ou ma y imagine, perhaps Whitebaits have no feelings ; at all events, no Poli tics feelings. No doubt you would not expect me to care yen/ much whether, afte r I l e ft th e neu t ra l grease in which am fried, I were eaten by Conservative or Liberal jaivat but there you are mistaken. We talk these matters over good deal during the season, when the natural ansietdie_ or our precarious existence give us a little leisure, a n can assure you that the prospect of being swallowed 11: Gladstone, or digested by Clarendon, gave quite a pleasa°' shudder to many a delicate little fish. How delicious tot have entered those lips from which so many eloquent plunge i n t o stet ' pity.have issued, even though it was a pity. How amusing to have given the F a lesson in intervention by sticking in his throat, or tickl e _ his persuasive tongue by the pepper which was a lways s° handy to him in the person of Mr. Layard. I could biol readily resigned myself to the appetite of the DJ- Ik° Somerset, feeling certain that at all events I should La'" been sure to have been treated with a dignified coati and swallowed as became a duke. Now, how differen t will be. Should I fall to the lot of the First Lord bjj 3 f most likely be taken at a gulp, like the reconstruction °t the Navy. We have been in a state of mind for the la s week or two as to our right to Meet in large nu tla tt Some of our friends who met a Yarmouth bloater, O P °reign Secretaryd hq.cl had the advantage of being wrapped up in a 11°rrs; paper, and had carefully re a d it, t o ld us th a t there had bilea a great row in London about grea t mee ti ngs of PeO le ,„ i r public places. We don't understand how this can b e t '" the moment it was mentioned to u s we immediately set tied, as regards us, that large meetings were a great red. take, as they inevitably led to Our being captured in rous bodies. It is, therefore, very possible that we 0 , obey the orders of the Home-office and move about s in g' But then, of course, we shall be, like the Adullamites, very hard to catch for the Tory Cabinet. What torture it will bs if I find myself poised on the kindly but uncertain fork ° Mr. Walpole. Whether, unlike the Reformers in the P a t I shall be admitted into his mouth, or whether I sh ell kept outside, and afterwards removed by the waiters, 0- 4 7 appear, like Beales, a rechaufd at a more plebeian reps. is a bewildering unc er t a i n ty. C ran b orne w ill ta k e us like b ( e i did the Indian Budget. He will be helped by the waiter, en swallow everything in blind confidence that it is all rifS bt ; How different to the pai ns t a kin g way i n w hi c h De Grefl would have investigated u s th roug h hi s e y eg l as s. 14°- ; Stanley, we fear, will not appreciate us as his predeec sa°- would have done, and, accustomed to rely on Mr. I: 0 4 - , mond, will, I fear, fail in th e p er f ormance o f his (let/ 1 ' us. Altogether the prospects of us little fish are n ot et' couraging, and we fear that we shall disagree with WM' but if we do, they had b e tt er ca ll on D r . B ea les, 50(1 '1: ho seems to enjoy their co n fid ence i n hi s t rea t m ent of "" inside of the park, they surely would allow him to prescribe for their own. COUNTRY MARKETS. BIRMINGHAM—THURSDAY. libh At this day's market there was a good supply of ne t wheat, which said slowly at an a d vance o f b a rely - 0 '64 qr. Barley 6d per qr. higher. O a t s f oun d b u yers t e i r decline. Beans is cheaper. Peas nearly maintained th value. BURY ST. EDMUND'S—WEDNESDAY. There was only a moderate show of wheat here to-clik' ' trade was inactive, at an advance of is per qr. red. White wheat, 56s to 625; old red, 49 s t o 51s ; ne'• 44s to 48s ; grinding barley, 35s to 38s; Page's prolific ley, 39s to 40s per qr. 19 Averages :—Wheat, 253 quarters, at 49 s 4d ; barley, qrs., at 31s Od; oats, qrs, at Os Od. BRISTOL—THURSDAY. hid / We had a short supply of Engli s h w h ea t to-day, // mo od met a retail demand, at last wee k' s p r i ces . B ar l e y in at demand, and 6d lower. Indian c orn a l so i nqu ired for a similar reduction. Oats dull. • MANCHESTER—THURSDAY. ec i Our market this morning w a s m ore numerous ly f f nd than of late. There was a better inquiry for whestlr. both English and foreign must be quoted la p er q r. de? English flour was firmly held for rather higher prices', c ol French for is per sack more mone y ; b u t th e d e manu,ut not active. Oats and oatmeal move d off s l ow ly at 5w,;,. 11 late rates. Beans and I n di an corn were eac h the lower. EDINBURGH—WEDNESDAY. Wheat on the top, Os 6d down avera ge , Os 8d d°111 0 4 • Barley on the top, Os 9d down average , -l s 6d &- Oats on the top, Os 3d down. average, 08 6d u1 3 .,* Beans on the top, is Od up a verage , is 5d d°" - • Total supply and sales. Wheat 855 qrs sold ..,,8 75 Barley 145 qrs sold 8 1 Oats 1065 qrs sold 35 8 8 Beans lO3 qrs sold Average prices. Wheat, 47s id 1 Oats 3ls 5d Barley, 36s 6d 1 Beans 53s 5d .... • OP' Town-made flour sells as follows :—White, 4186 d, superfine, 40s Od ; superfine, 38s 6d; fine, 37s Od. GLASGOW—WEDNESDAY. 0 At this day's market there was a fair attendance, w it h o , g steady trade, at late ra t es , b u t th ere was littl e busine s s doing. Flour was if anything cheaper. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Aug'ustralia and New Zealand, via Southampton . 00, ' 3. Ditto, via Marseilles Aug" 1 4 ~, 5 . Brazil and Cape Verde. by British pack e t. ..... .. • •-..- 2 Ditto, by French packet .. Aug' 2 Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St, Ilelena....Aub , ' 21. China, Penang, and Singapore. via Southanipton—Aug ''. Ditto, via Marstilics Aug" I' Falkland Islands 3. Gibraltar, via Southampton 3 India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Aug ' Southampton ~1 '" Ditto, via Marseilles • ....... • .. •• • • Aug'— - I a India (Bombay), via Southampton. Ditto, via Marseilles .. . _Aug. 6 Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Aug. 3 ; Ditto, via Marseilles Aug "". 1. ifauritius, via Southampton A u g . Ditto, via Marseilles, Aug. 11 Newfoundland , Aug. 1. Portugal Ditto, by private ship to Lisbon... ITnited btates and British North America, by Bri tish packet . . Aug Ditto, by United States packet, via Southamp ton .. Ditto, via Cork 3. Ditto, by Canadian packet, via Londonderry ..Auir• West Coast of Africa, Madeira, and Teueriffe „. „Aug' West Indies and Pacific) (except Bahamas and 1 3 . Honduras) Auk Cuba and Mexico Bermuda, via Halifax Bahamas, via New I 9rk.. ..Auk 1' EXTRAORDINARY VITALITY OF SEED Three years ago Mr. John Hill, tailor, of Dulve rtoo. Somerset, received from hi s sister, who resides at P° l3tl :l pool,in Wales, three single peas taken from a bottle fo un d buried in an old ruin near that town. The bottle conbtitid a parchment from w hi c h it appeare d t h a t i t had beell,:s posited there 200 y ears b e f ore . Mr. Hill pl an t e d the r and in his garden plet the,produco may now be seen ,: b. most luxuriant crop of gigantic p eas , th e stalks re es above the us ua l h e i g ht, an d covere d w ith very light g o f semi-transparent pods of enormous dimensions, o ne which measures 5j inches in length and three in eir etivi ference, another being seven inches long and io r LADVERTISEMENT.J—HoIIoway's Pills.— Health's ,If)elli tain.—lt cannot surely be necessary t o rem i n d aeY e f9 gent reader that the purity of the blood determines e „'beo invalid's health and vigour. H o ll owa y' s me dicine sea' - or out the slightest taint in th e v it a l fl u id an d neutralie nst 14 expels it, so that the circulation supports the sYsn s re place of sowing the seeds o f d eca y. Wh e n epidere'Ft" be, advancing and disease is steadily on the increase i ot a hoves every one to have a r e storative like these pills re e ls, sot right any irregularity in the stomach, liver, 13° . 1 r 010 or kidneys ; and Holloway's treatment is especially su l , e r for the young, delicate, and nervou s , w h o are m ost suZes tible of any prevailing si c k ness , an d w h om violent sures would endanger little less than the epidemic. Births. „ to BERESPORD —On the let inst., at 32, Devonshire-plac e ' wife of Denis W. P. Beresford, Esq., M.P., of a d eug a t e COBHAM—On the Ist inst., at Leighton Park, Berl s ' t , of wife of Capt. Alex. W. Cobham, late 44th Regim e " „ a daughter. w ife LEACH—On the Ist inst., at Mattock, Somerset, th e of John Leach, Esq., of a son. ter, WARBURTON— On the Ist inst., in The Close, Will --c the Hon. Mrs. Wm. Warburton, of a son. Marriages. i ; DASHWOOD —PART—On the Ist inst., at the pans- bil , rC of Chorley, Lancashire, George Lionel, only su r iierts2 son of Lieut.-Col. Dashwood, of Shenely Grange, ravi to Avice Frances Anne, eldest daughter of Tiles' Esq., of Astley Chorley. a t All 'l' pi O WARNER—TAPSTER— On the y . Ist instales Upper Norwood, Alfred, youngest son ., of the late dto Warner, Esq., of Northumberland-street, She 0' Mary Louisa Atherton, youngest daughter of the r ,;,,or E. Tapstor, Esq., of Craven-street, Strand, and hill, Norwood. al, Vg" 4 Deaths. BucKNALL—On the 31st ult., Richard C. Backus , 3, Gloucester-place, Greenwich. Est/'' DOE—On the 29th ult., at Harrow Weald, T. m° - ' aged 82. vv . tio igv. HOWELL—On the 31st ult., at Vincent-square, " eS ster, James Howell, Esq. v g . P 4.1 HICKS On the Ist inst., at Ramsgate, Robert H• ie— d 196, St. Paul's-road, Islingto n , aged 62. viroolV2/3' WICINNELL—On the 29th ult., at The 'lollies, " near Liverpool, James H. Mainnell, aged 6 3 . A 8 5, MANN—On the 30th ult., Wm. P. Mann, ES+, age d ROBINSON—On the 31st ult., at 20, Delarnero-c%soat Upper Westbourne-terraca, London, Major J• ii°bl late of H.3l.'s 60th Rifles. ig too/ REMINGTON—On the Ist inst., Reginald F. Itenjlotreet'l Esq., of 14, Lancaster-gate, and 71, Old B road aged 50. London : Printed and Published by WIL LIAg A 141) 1 ,f 1 14 _, of No. 112, Strand, Ptiater, at Tan Slue 0 1110 0 , 0 - 6,0 %1 v" Strand, in the Precinct of: the Savoy, In t he s" Middlesex.—Friday, August 3,1806. 1 rat,