The Sun. — London, England, 1848-05-30 00:00:00

would any one contend that they would not be an immense and useless burden to us ? He, for one, Would say that if such was to be the future policy of the country, he would b e no p ar ty to tax the people of England to maintain colonies, which Ministers by their measures had ruined, destroyed, and rendered useless to them.—(Hear, hear.) To show that this was not mere idle d ec l amat i on, b ut t h at i t was a feel,ne . Which obtained to a great extent, he would read a reso lution come to by the West India Association of Liver- Paoli in which they said it was impossible for the West In dia coloni es to continue the production of sugar and coffee on t erms of equal competition with foreigners, and Pthat there was no course left for the West India interest to appeal t o t h e C rown to release them from their t sent unprofitable a ll eg i ance, i n or d er that they might attach th emselves to some other country that `Phiswould e xtend to t h em the protection of a parent state. was importa n t, g as showing that the West indiainterest felt that they' might ht be driven to seek from the United St ates that protection which was so cruelly denied to them by E n gland. was anxious that the people o f England should fairly anderstand what must be the effect o these measures as regarded the colonies? because if then t he y he supported the Government in them they would themselves alone to blame. He would now in !Niro as t o w h at must be the effect on our s hi pp i ng • In terest. The Right Hon. Gentleman, when he brought forward these resolutions, admitted that the power and greatness of the country depended on the mainten steenne of her commercial marine: it followed, therefore, er t any measure w hi c h was ca l cu l a t e d to weaken com mercial marine of England and strengthen that of the United States, would be injurious to us in the proportion as it was a d va nt a geous to our rivals. • teas e wo uld take th at a d m i ss i on as grante d . N ow , what • w as promi se d to the people of England in the way of f• ni3ra p en sation for thi s i n j ury ? A re d uc ti on in freights. --(l:re ar.) And they had been told that that reduction iuld not b e l ess than one million annually. A d m i ts_ g the correctness of that estimate, for the sake of .!rgninent, it was b ecause he believed the interest o f t h e tethritiah s hi powner was the interest of the whole people, . ee te at he Was prepared to maintain that interest, even at cos oe . t a million a year.—(Hear, hear.) But how was this advantage of reuced freight to be obtained? 13 the ßut employment of foreign ships.—(Hear, hear.) must as we gave employment to foreign ships, we t could: a d o is p l ace our own ships.—(Cheers.) They employ f ore i gn s hip s w ithout throwing ei e T ls h ! h iPs out of em pl o y men t. Tak e the case of Li theßritish W est Indies. He was ready to admit that teresnaeigation-lavvs acted unfairly to the colonial in ' ' t3-- ( ll iniSteri a l c h eers )—b ut that injury, he be see ll ' ve d had be en much exaggerated—(Hear, hear)— f or r_ eol onists, fe e li ng h ow unfa i r i y they were trea t e d, s.! httiqw natur ally enough exaggerated the evil which those W es e ntailed on t h em. —(H ear, h ear. ) Th e British odert In dies were su ppli e d w ith l um ber to the extent •e, 000 tons a y ear b y meaes l o f A mer i ca n shipping. b ack the p resent l aws those s hi ps cou ld no t ta k e cargoes of sugar to British ports, a West nd were in • hoti3equence often obliged to leave the Indian rts to ball ast. It those laws were repealed, they aleht take in cargoes of sugar or other produce for aldritish Ports at a reduced rate of freightage. And, e tt e rr',°se that 50,000 tons of American shipping should couldtake in cargoes for British ports in this way, there w ould b e no doubt that 50,000 tons of British shipping es d be th us thrown out of employment. But t h at d ° llld not be the only evil. These vessels would en t! stale to obt a i n return cargoes from the B r i t i s h por t s es ther t han return empty, and as they would take freiehts at a low er ra t e th an B r i t i s h s hip s , it followed 4" of ,at emP much m ore E ng li sh shipp i ng wou ld b e t hr own out loyanent. Mr. Alwyn, in the statement he ha sent round to Members of the House, said that his firm, Wh ich had been for many years connected with the cell ist.- tin ' ts could at any time charter American ships from urop eate ports to Calcutta at 41. 10s. a ton, which . w . as 203 . a ton less than he would have to pay for British a k il • i PPing; and he added that the competition of foreign freigh t in the East India and China trade would lower th 'reight of British ships and throw them out of emp blen t. That American shipping would compete with us suc cessful)in the China and East India carrying trade et ; which we now had in our hands there could be no doubt. There was one trade, aed one trade only, in W hich w e h a d b een compet i ng fa i r l y f or 25 y ears with the United States, and in which no favour had beer; 11h own to eith er party; an d w h a t h a d b e en the result The t o t a l destruction of that tra d e as f ar as England • , W ks concern e d, an d th e t r iumph of the United States. e , T e trade h e a ll u d e d t o was the South Sea whale ushery—a trade requiring much capital, able and ener getic seamen, and a trade calculated to form the best school for the navy—England had all the advantages of capital and sailors ready at hand—yet what had been the r esult ? In 1821 the number of American ships em ployed was under 90, the seamen, 2,900. On the Ist of January, 1846, the number of d ships to upwards of seamen had increased to 7 37, the number of officers h 20,000. W e ll , t h e num b er of a British ships in the same . Period engaged in the whale-fishery was in 1821, 295, and of s eamen 11 , 900, w hereas i n 1 848 the vessels were only 61, and the . seamen 2,630. Thus had we been utterly dri ven out o f t hi s t ra d e . If h e was right in as serting, as he did, that by this measure a certain number of British vessels would be put out of employment, and American vessels substituted in their place; if it would lead to a decrease of our commercial marine, and the separation of our colonies; those who proposed it would have justly incurred the indignation of the people of this country, whose interests would be sacrificed, without the Prospect of any adequate remuneration.—(Hear.) Mr. J. WILSON considered that the amendment moved was the proper one to bring the whole question bef ore the House; and that question he looked upon to be, whether we here prepared to carry out the principle of free t ra d e to shipping. To the theory of Adam smith he opposed the experience of the last twenty Years. Adam Smith, in treating of the question, freely admitted, that if the shipping could be built. manned, and ca rried on cheaper in other countries, it would be the PolesY o • -t this to maintain its defences. If that were the •A e ase he should be prepared to assent to the doctrine of - t - I ( . l ,,, a ee re Smith, that our political defences must be main , ee t fe . " in preference to our commercial superiority. But that Smith had overlooked a great principle—namely, f rog ree trade not only introduced cheaper commodities . I:0°M abroad, but a larger and cheaper production at f or rn i s , causing an increased power of competition with eoree-ga countries. Surely if the partial free-trade mea t°, °f Mr. Huskisson had had that effect we had en seeleagemetit to go o n i n th e s a me direction. The le s e"on was i n reality one of facts. I n 182 3 M r. Hus et,:co first proposed the amelioration of the navigation eo 0 e in order t o avert t h eeli ffi cu l t i es an d d angers ar i s i ng st et :erY side; and what 'he would ask, had been the pri or shippi ng th en an d s i nce ? F or set7alyears le s • el the Act of 1823 it had been in a declining state. lee e te ss lB l7 to 1823 the amount of tonnage of tee United ithe c r er ° gradually declined from 2,623,000 to 2,506,000 I.B4 e !as from 18 9 3 it had gradually increased, until in t hen, i t w as no less than 3,817,000.—(Hear, hear.) If; Pete etsehaPpened that in our strongest state Or mono after te' s hipping trade was in a declining state, and it w es 'at that there was a rapid increase, until in 1846, te seo Per cent. larger than in 1823, he saw no reason t lien ee i t' t the ability of the ship-builders and the ship (}leae: Of this country to compete with foreigners.— hat wee hear) Let the House see the difference no w. 'ln the number of ships built then and elteeati Io 1 821, 1822, 1823, the years preceding the kne e of the law b • Mr. Huskisson the ships built lated ia tonnage^ and 0. _ Whe reas to , 4,000, , 8,000, 86,00 , 'Me in the three years 1844, 1845, 1846, they , anted to %f ir, 159,000, 203,000, and 223,000 tons.—(Hear, litelisshate must observe, too, that these did not include f leets et 1 P, 3 , which were distinct and separate. These tee p e _ ea rlY proved that there had been no decline in hip st ; t 7 ii t i r of the s hi p - owners to sa il vesse l s, nor the tieeot, ns ers to b u ild t h em in competition with the c0n 023 ere Ih eY wer e t o ld t h at t h e rec i proc i ty Acts of " teal' theta ,I beneted the English shiping. In order lelset e oe effec the thought they ou p ght to take the gea rs l b the Shippin g prior to th ose A c t s an d f or some e iltw ee e s eetently. In 1820 the British ships entered for those countries with which we hd treaties „r°citY amounted in tonn a g e to 6,026, a which in 1,; increased" to 1,129,000 tons. If we referred es se row e r rad e of the whol e wor ld it wou ld b e stood that there had be en a l arge an d rap id i n . !Yt!ar e of °:er foreign s hippi ng . I n 182 4, t h e fi rs t ;iippin Huskisso n ' s law, the amount of British Oeig e ntered si outwards was ' upwards of 3,000,000, 'PPia PPlag was 1,325,000. In 1846 the foreign t P 4 4 ' ce e Z had increased to 3,327,000, or more than 100 • , Jev esd. ; but that of Great Britain had increased to --41 Pnin ' °f " °o,ooo .—(Cheere) In 1826 the foreign ete p r o g represented 40 per cent. of the whole shipping ti e Yeti . !v at(' h 4 1846, notwithstanding the demand oceas • Y th e Pie t ranstnissien of foreign grain, foreign le s wh et as only 41 per cent. of the whole. There ha,l he r with regard to those countries with which Yes a trent; of t tr 7 t tio se•sZ reciprocity or otherwise, we . had as se e e l sh to be alarmed by the supposition that 4 ' , t 4t4 f orei ll i ) er b s Uliders or owners were una bl e to compete ` l 3l l w er cele e t 6 e3 ; Much had been said on two subject of maintainst was a Popular opinion that our colonies `tees mg r our ettn d for the purpose of securing a market t tt ala' esael,tie-ctures, and a large trade for our coin wkPlaitled marine But that was a fallacy which could be We Lett Y facts. In 1820 the quantity of shipping 446. coloniestohuercoin. s 'et t e "or Ports as 1,549 000 tons. Of that 746,000 and 803,000 to neutral countries. 41 : i' oll ll B 4 tri t l ia, had O .tai trade, chiefly of the East Indies and increased from 746,000 to 1 276,090 tl.lO i nere e ' Q whil ed er e Au free the trade to neutral countries had Der "e o f llor° 8 02,000 to 2,721,000 tons, being an in ,,eett. per cent. on our colonial trade, but of 240 L 4 e G o "" our trade to neutral countries.—(hear.) 4., se, stek t eere seent ev et , teet o lee s on , of this country could remove the , • ti cs g th ee , t 'ler Which the colonies laboured, by en etee fi t to het ° employ lumber ships from North Arne ss would be their produce to this country, g reat bere t-. ti!ers t h ere could upon them ; and it - the a manufa'c . I,Tir r et ' u l could send out their goods by those ships, on 4 Rt Iv "Yage at aeh otnd becheaper rate than at present, a We o •sete eee , conferred, not merel on the British g wer e st °tit also upon all the industrious classes se t , al t a l (%;?enti: es P 7 lt 'leot upon his efforis.—(Cheers ) The aeettetaled teeho had last addressed the House had kiesehave upon eff; cts which the proposed alterations ' te at re eree rn the Eest Italia shipping belonging to . eosh tbn. eants. nee , - rows he (Mr. Wilson) apprehended v6.' 1 % 6 W ".-1 be held to be of greater advantage high eetintry 'east see , than to adopt any means by this ° tteettabl"ta cotton could be imported and ettrintry_eallor manufacture and consumption in "e , t cente ee eee` e ar.) Hence he thought the facts tr ade a tt-... narQ ,,, , i were sufficient to establish the position ~ i gaGhat th ere was nothing in the free ., • shi `1 ." " °e-14 t° le3 w hich h a d yet been extended to the n a 3 • f P°teetad th ,Oreisee e time e Hous e t o d ou b t t h at the British est r ai or t o P-builder was able to compete with iesa to ghtto ben induce the belief that the shipping inte- Te• wh• could e eo Ice f ree. _ be an exception to other mat eatio,t; la ht hi trade principles had been applied. ns to Adam Smith's objection to the na -• la ws. If he had shown that free trade had sti- , V ~ ~li U 4 R. P. 41, ;:brti; r,7 THE SUN, LONDON`, and victualling of British vessels was more expensive than in foreign countries, and promotion was necessary in order that they might be able to compete successfully with other countries which possessed superior acivan tages. A small reduction in the freightage was a small compensation for the 10s3 which the abolition of the navi gation-laws would entail upon them. Mr. MOFFATT moved that the debate be adjourned to Thursday next, which was agreed to. TOBAGO RELIEF BILL. On the order of the day for the House to go into Com mittee on this Bill being read, Sir 11. WILLOUGHBY asked whether the sum of 5,0001. granted to relieve the sufferers from the hurri cane in Tobago had been paid out of the civil contin gencies fund? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that, although he might hare been justified in so provid ing for the payment, he had not done it, but had pre ferred coming to Parliament for a distinct grant. The House then went into Committee on this ululated the shipowner and the ship-builder, and that competition acted upon them as it acted upon every other class—if he had proved that free trade had tended not to the diminution but the increase of British ship ping;, then he had proved that the national defences were maintained and ready to be so. He found that in the year 1820, the whole o f t he British merchant ships em pl o yed 130,000 men, wlnle in 1846 the nu mber em ployed under the new principle of action amounted to 230,000 men. And surely this large number o f m en from which strength might be drawn rendered the royal navy safer from want of hands in time of need. Thus, he thought these facts must remove any doubts which might exist as to the alteration in the navigation-laws Endangering the national defences.—(Hear, hear.) But there was another consideration which had been very much overlooked in the course of this debate, and that was that since Mr. Huskisson had introduced his policy —a policy which had been followed by successive Go vernments, and lastly carried into execution by the Right Hon. Baronet, the Member for Tamworth, in many articles of increased demand and consumption in this country, he (Mr. Wilson) asked it' an increase had not taken place in foreign shipping, how it would have been possible to have brought to this country the increased quantities of the raw materials for ma nufacture which had been imported within the last twenty years? During that period the whole object and intention of legislation (as especially during the last seven years) had been to increase the quantity of the imports and exports. If that was the object, then it would have been necessary to increase the amount of British shipping ; and he contended that it would not have been well to divert, by high protec tion, capital to the shipping trade when capital was scarce for other purposes to which it could be better directed. In 1823 the quantity of sheep's wool brought into this country was 19,000,0001bs.; last year it was 62,000,0001b5. Of cotton wool, in 1823, there had been imported 169,000,0001b5. ; in 1847 it amounted to 473,000,00011a5. Of sugar the imports in 1823 were 210,000 tons:; in 1847 it was 410,000 tons ; while of wheat the importation in 1823 reached 449,000 qrs., while last year it was: 2,950,000 qrs. This showed the necessity for foreign ships to bring these raw materials to this country. If, however, the shipping interest of Great Britain could compete successfully with that of foreign nations in some respects, there were neutral countries in the latter had greater success. He had a return from Rio Janeiro, showing the number of ships entered from that port in 1845. They were 571 in num ber, and of those 84 were British ships. And where did they go to ? Not home, but with cargoes to all the foreign countries in the world, in open competition with the ships of Trieste, Prussia, and other nations. Only 20 came to the port of Liverpool, and the rest went to foreign ports. He was however sorry to find from ac counts he had received during the past week, that com plaints had been made against the carrying trade of this country. This had been referred to in the consular returns quoted by his Right Hon. Friend the President of the Beard of Trade. His Right Hon. Friend's statement on a former evening had been corroborated by a letter he (Mr. Wilson) had received from a highly respectable house at Rio Janeiro, dated the Ist of April last, and stating that while foreign ships were getting freight at 505., 555., and 60s. for coffee, and though there were 21 English ships of twelve years standing, they were unable to get chartered in consequence of the character of their cap tains for carelessness, and for the bad manner in which they discharged their cargoes.—(Hear, hear, and cries of " No, no.") This letter was corroborated by a do cument which had been stuck up one day last week at Lloyd's, but which had been taken down by a member of the committee of Lloyd's. However, there now re mained the great question as to shipping, in which a great variety of opinions were entertained by gentle men of very high authority. Many thought that the principles of reciprocity first adopt by Mr. Huskisson should be the principle now to be followed. He differed from that opinion. If free trade was good to this country, it was well to make other nations adopt it. The Right Hon. Gentleman the Member for Oxford (Mr. Gladstone), had admitted that, in 1844 and 1845, the then Government had done all in their power to induce foreign countries to join them in acts of reci procity; but their experience of that effort would pre vent them adopting again that course of policy, for after long negotiations the efforts had proved futile. He, therefore, thought it was quite right to urge the adoption of the principles of free trade, for it was better to set an example to induce that adoption than to attempt to enter upon any treaties of reciprocity. On that ground he thought the plan proposed by his Right Honourable Friend (Mr. Labouchere) must bo more successful than if his measures had rested upon reciprocity treaties.— (Hear, hear.) Honourable Gentlemen opposite had cheered when he (Mr. Wilson) had referred to the suc cess of free trade. It was quite true, and nobody could deny it, that at the present moment the commercial in terests of this country were suffering under great pres sure and reduction of prices, and that there had been a cessation of the usual demands for British manufactures; but lie would ask those Honourable Gentlemen who had cheered, what would have been the condition of this country if free-trade principles had not been adopted?— (Hear, hear.) Look at other countries, and it was matter of the greatest wonder and surprise that England should have been able to puss through the ordeal of difficulty and distress to which she had recently been exposed.— (Hear, hear.) It was painful to refer to the condition of neighbouring states, in which monopoly and restric tion had been adhered to with the utmost tenacity, but he was confident that had it not been for the measures carried by the Right Honourable Baronet (Sir Robert Peel) during the last seven years, the sufferings of this couutry would have been greatly aggravated, and he, for one, entertained the strongest hopes that those measures, when fairly and fully developed, would be found to contain in them the germs of great and future prosperity.—(hear, hear.) Mr. H. DRUMMOND said he wished to state his opi nions on this question, though it was not his intention to embarrass the Government by giving a hostile vote on the present occasion. In the first place, he owned he was astonished that it should be proposed by the Go vernment by one fell swoop to carry off all the code of laws relating to navigation which had been passed from the reign of Richard 11. down to the:present time—laws not enacted at once, but developed age after age. It' was said that this proposal was onlyanother development of the thing called free trade. Many Hon. Members might know what was meant by that conventional term, but he confessed he was at a loss to comprehend it. He knew that Yorkshire had heaved on one side, and Lancashire on the other, and that something great was expected to be produced, for the Board of Trade lent its obstetric aid, and the Economist Club was ready to at tend the bantling.—(" Hear," and laughter.) Ile knew Also the dogma promulgated in that House, of buying in the cheapest and selling in the dearest market, and that it was contended that by such a test the national de fences, naval and military, were to be estimated. Ile knew also that the sages of ages had pronounced dogmas suck as " Know thyself," " Pleasure is the greatest good," " Virtue is the greatest good;" but the simple definition of the free-trade dogma was " Buy for a penny, sell for a pound."—(Hear, und "—(Hear, and laughter.) This was the prin ciple on which the Government had founded this mea sure, and the only ground furnished for it to-night was, that by its adoption cochineal could be got at a much cheaper rate. No doubt that this country was now in a different position to that in which she stood at the end of the war, not only as regarded herself, but also in respect of other continental nations, and it was wise in Mr. Huskisson, Mr. Wallace, and others, to inquire whether regulations which were good when the trade of England was in its infancy ought to be continued. It was felt, then, that the only possibility of preserving the colonies was to make them an integral part of the mother coun try; to give them every privilege she enjoyed; to make their trade as free between them as it was between the provinces of this island; to leave them to adopt what ever of English laws they pleased, for though they found laws some Dutch, some German, some Spanish, and some Portuguese, they would have amalgamated with the mother country. But instead of this they sent them out constitutions from the Colonial-office which o b t n o l e Englishmant and L were never adapted to their state of society.—(Hear.) They preferred sacrificing the colonies to the mainte nance of the manufacturing system—(Hear, hear)—and they were going on in the same direction now by conti nuing class legislation.—(Hear, hear.) They knew that no trade could be carried on unless it was beneficial to both parties, and yet they intended to give the benefit of their trade to the French and other foreigners, to the prejudice of their own brethren the colonists. They spoke of the abolition of the corn-laws, and boasted of giving the poor cheap bread. Did they think that the poor did not see through them when they talked of prideuT hige empire,itNf i cheapening the poor man's loaf and at the same time took They rinn a st w w t a eh y ;ee againstt m h u e atiht pgeutrs manufacturers. uu a rl man's manufacturers.r' s as n e d m T p ht l eh o re y ey •m wl employment?—(Loud rnn ? ee — ov sne ( ae L ri edsodpu spoke okf c es h b.e e teto e t setarsi.ng) English athga' artisan or labourer who did not say—not in the whi which he h e ie w s a a s m &, e s o language u i g languageeof Lord B which tsco involved ßacon, s in ehl g eitim.m to o7 u t s — e, " our ingratitude , is only a kee n)e n ia i l ( sm L po o l f u a t d e dh c e h wi e ri e t r he i n o tl g oh . t to h hf s ' s '°tt g hli r e' e rc a so. tn n'— e te s ever the time came when it was necessary for their colonies to separate from them, it should not be his hand that would sign the deed. These sentiments did credit to him as an Englishman, and were worthy of his high reputation as a statesman.—(Hear.) But there was one in this country greater than he, and if it was a painful thing for him to contemplate the time when he might sign such a treaty, it must be doubly painful to the So vereign who must as such lore all her children alike. The Noble Lord must recollect how painful it was to George 111. to be obliged to receive the ambassador of the United States. And if they continued to pursue the policy they were now pursuing they could not keep trhd that t t said ve . s f their colonies. They might be rich, but they would be also contemptible. The policy of their Edwards went long before that of their Richards. They tried to make their country great, because they knew that to make it great was to make it rich.—(Hear, hear.) But the ob ject of your idolatry is wealth.—(Hear, hear.) Wealthy you may be, and your Sovereign may have an island like Corsica or Sicily, but the sovereign or empress of a great empire never can she be. Mr. F. SCOTT addressed the House, but in the midst of so much noise as to be almost inaudible in the gal lery.F He concurre d i n the sentiments o f hi s H on. -ad who had just s oken but was surprised that his Hon. Frie n d was P 9 g i ve his vote not going toin accord ance with the opinions THE TEN HOURS' BILL—The friends and e had so eloquently expressed. -(Hear, hear.) He thou ht porters of this measure have announced their intentie Committee of , t that as the n om that House had not made- of holding a large te art in the Free d any report on the subject, they tra e Hall, ought not to be called Manchester, on Wednesday• the 7 f , t o June next, to on so hurriedl y to give a decision on so important a question celebrate its be • coming the law of the lan d. The Rev The encroachments which they had already made in the D. Cecil Wray (one of' the Canons of Manchester,and navigation-laws were not a attended with the results which consistentand long • d friendof tried the fact( Ty operative) should induce them to . proceed in the same line d is appointed to take the chair; and the foil ',owing noble untied that there was of policy. Although he a - an increase in Britishb men and gentlemen have consented to at tend :—Lord solutely, yet there was a gre at shipping a - falling Ashley, Lord Robert Grosvenor, the Hon W. Cooper, other countries." The evidence off relatively to Joseph Brotherton, Esq., M P • Charles B Esq., before the Lords' Committee which had been given - • "" 3 ' sho we d t h at the „ lanai M.P.; John Fielden, Esq.; W. B. Ferrand,.. sq.; Mr. manning Richard Ostter, &c. On the clause proposing the loan to Guiana and Tri nidad for the purpose of immigration of labourers into those colonies being proposed, Sir H. WILLOUGHBY protested against the system of making such loans to the colonies. The clauses of the Bill being agreed to, the House resumed, and the report was ordered to be received this day. Mr. V. HARCOURT, by permission of the House, delivered in his qualifications, and subscribed the Par liamentary roll, which he had neglected to do on taking the oaths and his seat as Member for Oxfordshire, the Hon. Gentleman when he took the oaths having been the eldest son and heir apparent of a Peer of Parliament, and as such exempt from that rule of the House which enjoins the observance of tho formalities re ferred to. SHANNON NAVIGATION. Dr. BOWRING was about to draw attention to this subject, when An HON. MEMBER moved that the House be counted. There not being forty Members present, the House stood adjourned. LORDS' MAJORITY ON THE JEWISH DISABILITIES BILL NON-CONTENTS ON THE SECOND READING. ARCHBISHOPS. EARLS. Llandaff Canterbury London Armagh Oxford DUKES. Ripon Rochester Salisbury Winchester BARONS. Erne Falmouth Clare Athol Limerick Beaufort Glengall Buckingham Hardwicke Buccleuch Harrowby Montrose Harewood Abinger Manchester Kianoull Bayffing Newcastle Jersey Bolton Northumberland Lonsdale Boston Richmond Egmont; Braybrooke Wellington Lucan Carew MARQUISES. Malmesbary Castlemaine Camden Mansfield Churchill Cholmondeley Manvers Clinton Exeter Mountcashell Colchester Downshire Munster Crofton Droghed4 Nelson De Tabley Salisbury Pomfret De Ros Winchester Powys Delamere EARLS. Romney Farnham Abergavenny Galloway Faversham Aberdeeu Selkirk Forester Eglinton Sheffield Godolphin Aylesford 1 Verulam Gray Brandon Wilton Hawarden Bathurst Winchilsea Hill Beauchamp Waldegrave Howe Warwick VISCOUNTS. Kenyon Brownlow Combermere Lilford Cardigan Hereford Middleton Cadogan Maynard Polwarth Cathcart Strangford Rayleigh Cawdor Sidmouth Redesdale Charleville BISHOPS. Rollo Clap william Bangor Sydney Devon Bath and Wells Skelmersdale Dartmouth Carlisle Sondes Delawarr Chichester Southampton Desart Exeter Stanley Digby Gloucester and Bristol Templemore Ellenborough Lichfield Tenterden Effingham Lincoln Wynford PROXIES. Morton Onslow Orford Pembroke Somers Shannon Stanhope Bantry DUKZ. Rutland BARONS. Carteret Colville De Lisle De Saumarez Brantley Northwick Rodney Rivers Sal toun Sherborne Sinclair St. John AIABQUI9. EARLS. Abingdon Airlie Caledon Chesterfield Courtoun Denbigh Guilford Leven Mayo VISCOUNTS. Beresford O'Neill Stratliallan BARONS. Blayney PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS. From the Votes and Proceedings of the Rouse of Commons.) MONDAY, MAY 29. STANDING ORDERS COMMITTEE. The following Resolutions were reported from the above Committee:— 1. That in the case of the Londonderry Improvement petition for additional Provision, the standing orders ought not to be dispensed with. _ _ That in the case of the Manchester, Buxton, Mat, lock, and Midlands Junction Railway (Deviation and Branches) petition for additional Provision, the standing orders ought to be dispensed with :—That the parties be permitted to introduce their additional Provision, if the Committee on the Bill shall think fit, on proving before the said Committee the assent of all the owners, lessees, and occupiers of the lands on the proposed Branch be tween Baston and Bakewell. Second Resolution agreed to.—Report to lie on the SUPPLEMENT TO THE « LONDON GAZETTE " OF FRIDAY. WHITEHALL, MAT 29. On Saturday, the 27th day of May, her Royal High ness Princess Sophia, aunt to her most Gracious Majesty, departed this life, at Kensington Palace, to the great grief of her Majesty and of the Royal F a mily. _ . _ LORD CHAMBERLAIN'S-OFFICE, MAY 29. Orders for the Court's going into mourning, On Thurs day next, the Ist of June, for her late Royal Highness the Princess Sophia, aunt to her Majesty, viz.:— The ladies to wear black silk, fringed or plain linen, white gloves, necklaces, and ear-rings, black or white shoes, fans, and tippets. The gentlemen to wear black, full trimmed, fringed or plain linen, black swords and buckles. The Court to change the mourning on Thursday, the 15th of June next, viz.:— The ladies to wear black silk or velvet, coloured ribands, fans, or tippets, or plain white, or white and gold, or white and silver stuffs, with black ribands. The gentlemen to wear black coats, and black or plain white, or white and gold, or white and silver stuff waistcoats, full trimmed, coloured sword and buckles. And, on Thursday, the 22d of June next, the Court ,o go out of mourning. COLLEGE OF ARMS, MAY 29. _ _ THE EARL MARSHAL'S ORDER FOR A GENERAL MOURNING FOR HER LATE ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCESS SOPHIA. In pursuance of her Majesty's commands, these are to give public notice, that upon the melancholy occasion of the death of her late Royal Highness the Princess Sophia, her Majesty's aunt, it is expected that all per sons do put themselves into decent mourning for ten days, to commence from Thursday next, the Ist of June. NORFOLK, E. M. ADMIRALTY, MAY 29. Her Majesty does not require that the officers of the Fleet or Marines should wear any other mourning, on the present melancholy occasion of the death of her Royal Highness Princess Sophia, than a black crape round the left arm, with their uniforms. 11. G. WARD. BANK OF FRANCE. The fallowing was the situation of the Bank on Thurs day evening, May 25: c. Cash and ingots 64,669,393 10 Cash at branch banks Overdue bills ... 76,729959;929209 0 39 0 Bills becoming due in Paris, of which 30,639,699 f 99c. are from the branch banks 147,243,105 69 Bills in the branch banks ... . . 94,685,163 14 Advances on coin and ingots ... ... 8.988,400 00 Ditto on public securities of France . . 29,059,982 90 Due from the branch banks on their ASSETS. notes in circulation Rentes of the reserve fund Rentes of disposable funds _ Deposits of the new branch banks in public funds ... Hotel and furniture of the bank Interest in branch bank at Algiers Interest in National Discount Bank Bills protested ... Expenses of administration ... Sundries Advance to the State on Bona du Trisor of the Republic ... 100,990,550 00 ... 10,000,000 00 ... 11,G60,197 89 ... 12,744,498 00 ... 4,000,000 00 ... 1,000,000 00 ... 200,000 00 ... 24,742,078 59 541,551 61 539,972 29 ... 50,000,000 00 625,065,082 60 LIABILITIES. Capital ••• Ditto of the new branch banks. Reserve fund ... ••• • Reserve immobiliare ... • Bills of branch banks ... • Notes to bearer, in circulation . Ditto of the branch bank Ditto to order (Post bills) . Account current with T reasury Various accounts current . . Bills payable at sight . . Re discounts of the last half-year Dividends unpaid •• ••• Discounts, interest, and expenses ... Branch Bank of Algiers, sum not yet employed in Treasury Bonds Branch Bank drafts to be paid Sundries ... 67,950,000 00 ▪ 23,350,000 00 ... 10,000,000 00 ▪ 4,000,000 00 ▪ 2,980,650 14 • 302,113,750 00 ... 100,990,550 00 • 1,169,500 00 ... 26,561,565 51 ... 75,308,766 71 • 1,791,500 00 ▪ 728,692 37 ▪ 175,090 25 3,654,868 73 ... 1,106,923 69 2,733,820 34 ••• ••• 499,404 86 625,065,082 60 COURT CIRCULAR. The Duchess of Gloucester visited her Royal High ness the Duchess of Kent yesterday, at her residence, Clarence House, St. James's. Lord Portman had an interview with Sir George Grey yesterday, at the Home- office, and delivered to the Right Hon. Baronet loyal Addresses to the Queen from sixty four parishes in Somersetshire. Mr. Mark Boyd and Mr. Samuel Browning had an interview yesterday with the Right Hon. 11. Labouchere, at the Board of Trade. The Duke of Roxburghe had an interview with Lord John Russell yesterday, at his official residence in Downing -street. Baron de Goldsmid, Mr. J. Bailey, and Mr. Maynard, had an interview yesterday with the Commissioners of her Majesty's Woods and Forests, in Whitehall-place. Mr. Richard Henry Jones and Mr. John White Welch, the Chairman and Deputy-Chairman of the Pro vident Clerks' Association, had an interview with the Right Hon. H. Labouchere, at the office of the Board of Trade, yesterday. Sir William Herries, the Chairman of the Commis sioners for auditing the Public Accounts, had an inter view with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street. office, from th e G overnors of Hong-Kong, Dispatches w ere rece i ved yesterday at t h e C o l on i a l- Ceylon,Aus tralia, Mauriti us , th e l onian Islands, Malta, and Gib raltar. The Lords Committee of the Privy Council for Trade and Plantations, had a meeting on Saturday, at the office of the Board of Trade. There were present the Right lion. H. Labouchere, Earl Granville, Earl Grey, Lord Campbell, Sir James Stephen, and Sir Edward Ryan. THE COBDEN FUND. An account current of this fund has b een published within the last few days, from which it appears that the subscriptions received amount to 76,7611. 6s. 6d., and that there are subscriptions yet outstanding, to be col lected to the amount of 2,0001. The credit part of the account stands as follows . s. d By cash, as per receipts of R. Cobden, Esq. 58,488 0 7 By expenses on subscriptions received in Manchester, consisting of salaries, weekly wages, agents' travelling ex penses, postage, printing, stationery, stamps, advertising, rents, taxes , gas, coals, &c. ... 4,027 17 0 By balance in Messrs. Jones Loyd's Bank ... £2,206 11 1 By balance in the hands of the cashier By balance of ;petty cash r 269 17 8 5 11 2 2,451 19 11 By amount paid R. Cobden, Esq., per London treasurers ... ... 11,763 9 0 £76,761 '6 6 The accounts have been audited and declared to be correct by Mr. Henry Ashworth, of Turton, near Bolton, and Mr. Sails Schwabe, of Manchester. The greatest portion of the fund was raised in the manu facturing districts of the north of England. Lancashire contributed 46,944/. 63. ; Yorkshire, 3,898/. 15s. 9d.; Cheshire, 2,799/. ; Nottinghamshire, 525/. 7s. ; and Warwickshire, 1,2841. The other English counties subscribed comparatively small sums. Of the Scottish towns Glasgow was the largest contributor, the sum received from that place amounting to 4,206/. The London subscription amounted to 11,763/. The receipt of the entire subscription is acknowledged by Mr. Cobden in the following letter ; "TO THE SUBSCRIBERS TO THE COBDEN TESTIMONIAL rr ►'` rri 1 - 1 CI TA FT! TUESDAY EVENING, MAY SO, 1848. FUND. " My Friends,—The treasurers having placed at my disposal the amount of the Cobden Testimonial Fund, particulars of which are given in the accompanying pages, the agreeable duty now devolves upon me of offering you my grateful acknowledgments for your mu nificent contributions. " At the time of the dissolution of the Anti-Corn-law League, circumstances had determined me to withdraw from public life, and devote myself, for some time, to the exclusive care of my private affairs, when the proposal which was unexpectedly made to raise a fund for me by public subscription, and the generous response with vy hick it was met from all parts of the kingdom, induced me to abandon my determination. Since my return from the continent I have, by the advice of my friends, withdrawn altogether from the risks and anxieties of business. By this arrangement I have incurred some heavy sacrifices, but through your liberality I am left in possession of an ample competence. " Whilst acknowledging that it is by your bounty alone that I am placed in a position to be able to devote myself to public business, I think it fair to guard you from being held responsible for my future political ca reer. I accept the testimicnial at your hands with the understanding that it commits the donors to an ap proval of my free-trade principles only, and that it leaves me at liberty to take an unfettered course on all other public questions. Having secured my inde pendence, you have a right to expect that in all other matters affecting the public interest I shall act up to the dictates of a conscientious conviction—that I shall not become the slave of a party, the parasite of the great, or the flatterer of the people; and in these expectations you shall not be disappointed. Happy indeed shall I be to find that my opinions generally have the sanction of your approbation. "I have entered upon this explanation solely to pre vent any attempt hereafter to place you in a false posi tion for want of a frank understanding upon our future political relationship. Let it not be thought for a mo ment that this candour is incompatible with the most profound and grateful sense of your generosity. I feel an inexpressible pride in owing my fortune to the spon taneous contributions of my countrymen. To be thus exalted by you, as a successful labourer in the peaceful cause of free trade, is a distinction which I would not re linquish for all the honours or rewards which have ever been bestowed upon successful conquerors. " With the sincerest good wishes for your happiness, "I remain, my friends, " Your obliged and faithful servant, "RICHARD COBDEN. " London, May 23, 1848." CONFLAGRATION of the INDIAN STEAM-SHIPBEN ARES. DREADFUL LOSS OF LIFE. The fears entertained regarding the fate of this fine Indian steamer have, we regret to say, been confirmed by authenticated intelligence, announcing the almost complete destruction of that vessel by fire, attended with lamentable loss of human life. The steam« r was nearly 400 tons burden, and at the period of her return ing from Calcutta, had upwards of 150 passengers and seamen on board. Th e catastrophe happene d when the vessel was about fou r miles below Rajmahalt on the 20th of April, and is thus described by Lieutenant H. 0. Mayne, who was among the fortunate passengers who escaped from a horrible death : "It was about half -past seven o'clock in the evening when the alarm was g i ven, the f i re hav i ng kindled in the afterpart of the vess e l, b ut from w h at cause it isimpos sible to ascertain. The whole of that portion of the vessel in one minut e b ecame a rag i ng bl aze; and so in stantaneously did it spread, that those w ho were right aft could not come forward. Captain Townsend, the master, at once apprehended the whole danger, and in to shallow out to the man a t t h e helm to run the vessel shallow water, which, luckily, was nigh, and she grounded close to the shore. " By this time the whole of the s eanaer abaft the en gine was enveloped in flames; the upper or awning deck had caught, as well as a number of carriages which were placed beneath it. The sc(-ne on board was most heart rending, and enough to appal the stoutest heart, Shortly before the vessel grounded the impression on every man's mind was, that she would blow up every instant; this was increased by the fear that directly the flames reached the boiler it would burst, and also the danger of some gunpowder on board igniting. " This made every one expect the worst, and one gentleman, thinking there was no hope, ran down to his cabin, divested himself of all but his shirt and trousers, and sprang overboard. He was never seen after. On the vessel foundering it was discovered that the people could stand in the the water up to their middles a few yards from the vessel, and this led to fearful loss of life. In spite of the entreaties of the captain, many got out at the bows, and were seen no more. Thoso who were handed over to a small rock, which was partly unco vered, imagining they were really on terra firma, got into deep water, and were quickly swept away by the current. Among them were Mrs. Hartley, Captain Whistler, Miss Nash, Captain Sneyd, Mr. Grose, Mr. H m ou lstoon som(chiefe twenty e i) toy hr s ffi o e t er e of the All 1 8 1 e o n f a r them es) perished. , Atr Shanahan, The and fire continued burning till eleven o'clock, when it ceased, after consuming the whole of the after part of the ship, to the engine-room. The destruction of the cargo was a heavy loss to the owners, it being estimated at nearly 20,0001. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY .EVENING. —The adjourn e d coroner's inquest, to investigate in the deaths of Jane and Ellen Hughes, was resumed at the Masons' Arms, Swathling, before the county coroner. F. Cooper, Esq., surgeon, of Southampton, was called, and said, both the deceased lived with him as servants, but left his service about three weeks since. lie gave the eldest warning to leave, because she did not come home one night till half-past twelve o'clock, and was afterwards impertinent. The younger said she would not remai n w i t h out her sister. Did not know of any immorality in their con duct.—The uncle and cousin of the deceased were ex amined, who deposed to having seen them after they had left Mr. Cooper's service, on the day of Southampton fair. One of them c omplained of having b een b eaten Sunday, by the man who lives with their mother, an d showed 2 the bruises on her arm and back. q a —ey were re spectably dressed : one of them had a ve l vet bonnet and the' other a straw-plait bonnet, and th e gowns in would not light the fire , which they were fouLd. They were fond of dress —Ai rs. Hughes, the mother of deceased , was re-called. Sh e was and was im pert i nent. S h e recollected widow, beating her daughter man named o nir ry b ' au and was surprised at seeing them in her garden one morning since the fair. They told her they came h ome at te o'clock the night before, but, did not lik e to call her, as she was gone to bed. They said they h a d got another situation situation in Southampton, at Mr. Lintott's, a la w y er This last statement proved to be untrue, a s their cousin afterwards deposed to their having said to her " they had told their mother a lie, as she was so queer to them, and they would rather drown themselves -than go home ---The coroner then summed up, and said, a lth ough there . was strong reason to believe they had drowned` them selves, yet they had no proof of the fact, as it might have been an accident.—The jury then returned a verdict of Found drowned." 1 SYMPATHY WITH MR. lIIITCTIEL. I For some time past meetings of Irishmen who are advocates for the Repeal of the Union, and also of the Chartists, have been held hi various parts of the metro polis, and the resolutions carried have been to the effect that, in the event of any punishment being inflicted on Mr. John Mitchel, who has now been sentenced to 14 years' transportation, they would rise en masse to de mand his releaser from the Queen of England, and in the event of that request being refused, would resort to phy sical force t o revenge the' insult which they consider has been thrown upon the Irish people. As soon as the news arrived in town, on Saturday, of Mr. Mitchel's conviction, the various clubs assembled at their respective places of meeting, and at many of them and u iose pikes were regi unsuccessful u it was a greed that the members should arm themselves for a d emonstration yesterday evening. In those cases whe re t h e poverty of the members would not admit of all being provid e d w i th arms, b ut w h ere a w i l li ngness prevail e d to contribute to the purchase of arms for a portio n o f the club, raffles took place, so that muskets themsel ves w i th pitchforks and staves, or to rely upon their unassi s t e d strength. l iged to drawers; sC t c o es the successful werob It appears to have been unanimously agreed that a powerful demonstration should take place, but in what manner the p rocee d ings were to be arranged, or how the object they had in view was to be accomplished, most of the " Confederates" (such is the title they have given themselves) were entirely ignorant, the whole arrange- , ments having been entrusted to some 10 or 12 men who have gain •cd the honour of being the ment. One resolution, however, that a meet i ng should be wnaves green, and t h at a procession haopUldldh whither d p s r ofonn el d ibnc s el y e C c f r opi e rerm t ro . kceeldar S 'i;wm e r v bee e ludi n t.: co hour ina t e n 'c o l k oc t k ne about that ti me the leaNeprse.ot wirasstatthioen van, there bein g f rom 2,000 to thfeorparthtye appeared and a a n n d d 3,000 present. Mr. WILLIAMS was called upon to preside, com menced his add ress b y saying, "My friends, e a the bloody aristocracy h as d one its work at last," remark l which was received with un b ounded applausee trested that while the meeting was o n th at greeni it deavo unctions thur to keep the peace an d to obey wo t i l il e d en in- given would be given t o them, forha t ili course would be the best one for them to adopt. All the arrangements had been made. When h a signal he wished them to fall into marching ch g m ave them four abreast, and to follow him where he wogld order, u lead them—no matter where ; he would take them to a place where they would meet ten times as many people as were then assembled, and then they would be advised what to do—(Cheers)—until then let them be obedient to orders. Ile (Williams) was resolved—h e had made up his mind—on a course of action, and he feared banish ment no more than that brave, noble, and patriotic man John Mitchel, who had been sacrificed by the Whig Government, and who had been murdered by those " base, bloody, and brutal" men, through the instru mentality of a packed jury and partizan judges. Mr. MACARTHY was the next speaker. He also was very severe on the " base, bloody, and brutal Whigs." If they allowed Mr. Mitchel to be taken from his native land many other brave man would fall victims to the diabolical gagging Bill, and it was now the time of all who valued liberty to strike the blow. Ireland would rise in arms. If that country had been quiet, it was only that it might recruit its strength, and make a bold effort to release herself from tyranny at the proper time. Mr. FUSSELL next addressed the meeting—A base Government had, by means of a packed jury and sub servient judges, succeeded in obtaining the conviction of " honest ' John Mitchel. John Mitchel had asserted that the Queen had forgotten her duty to her country, and he (Fussell) declared the same opinion. Govern ment, it had been said, had acted upon expediency; but that was a ridiculous plea for conduct so arbitrary and disgraceful. Ile (Fussell) wished to impress upon the meeting that there was one safe way of getting rid of rulers who forgot their duty to their country, and he would openly avow what he meant—he meant by pri vate assassination. That it was that made the Emperor of Austria fly, and that it was that should make other bad rulers fly also.—(Loud cheers.) lie himself had five sons, and he would disown either one of them who refused to assassinate any pal ties who were instrumen tal in banishing him from his native country for such an offence as that for which Mr. Mitchel had been con victed. The CHAIRMAN then shouted forth to the meeting, " Now, my friends, fall to in marching order," an in - junction which was instantly complied with, and with almost military exactness. Williams and the other leaders then descended from the van, and having taken their places at the head of the procession, moved along St. John-street, Goswell-street, down Old-street-road, and along the City. In the City road, on its way to Finsbury -square, the procession received a large accession of strength, and on reaching that point where the City-road and Finsbury -square unite, the procession consisted of at least 3,000 persons. Upon arriving at Finsbury -square they formed into ranks twelve abreast, and continued marching around the square for about three-quarters of an hour, when they were joined by a large body from Stepney -green; they then formed into marching order, and a pass.word, " To the west," being given, the immense concourse, which at this time could not have numbered less than 10,000 per sons, proceeded up Chisvvell-street, Beech -street, and Barbican, into Smithfield. Here they were again joined by a large number who had arrived at Clerkenwell-green too late, and being informed of the route, had chosen this spot to join the procession. From Smithfield they proceeded down Skinner-street and along Holborn, at every street adding numbers to their ranks, at the same time causing the greatest alarm to the shop keepers, who expected a repetition of the window breaking scones of February last, but nothing of the kind, up to this time, took place. Having reached the end of Holborn, the procession came to a stand-still, and the leaders having again communi ca t e d a pass - word, they proceeded to marc h at a very rapid pace through King-street, Long-acre, Cranbourne-street, into Leices ter-square, where they again halted. After leaving Lei cester-square, the Confederates proceeded up Princes street, Compton-street, into Dean-street, Soho, to tho Chartists' Assembly Rooms, when they were addressed from the windows by several persons. From this point they proceeded down Crown-street, Whitcomb-street, into Trafalgar-square, where it was expected that some addresses would be delivered, and a general impression prevailed that it was their intention to go down to Buckingham Palace, but a strong body of police, which had been sent out under the command of Mr. Pearce, of Bow-street, refused to allow them to remain in the neighbourhood; so that the procession wended its way along the Strand, through Temple-bar, and down Fleet-street, and in as direct a line as possible to Fins bury, where they were addressed by the leaders, who intimated to them that having been disappointed in their expectations that night by circumstances which it would not then be prudent to explain, they had resolved on dispersing the assembly, requesting at the same time that they would meet again on Wednesday evening, The whole affair was involved in mystery. No clue could be gained to the objects the leaders had in view ; if indeed they had any beyond merely parading the streets. Our reporter was informed that nearly every man carried weapons of some description, but ut many of them were concealed. By twelve o'clock the immense assemblage was com plete the ly broken up,tree onl stragglers remaining a few • • ng here and in ts. It is computed that at the time when the assemblage was the largest there was not fewer present. DETEC7'.I. 7 IT)N CRIME. Yesterday, and a considerable portion of Saturday, Aldermen Sir P. Laurie and Gibbs, and subsequently D. W. Harvey, Esq., the Commissioner of the City police, were occupied in investigating a complaint against some of the City police, in consequence of a communieation made by Sir George Grey to the Lord Mayor, and who requested the inquiry to be made, and reported to the Home -office. The allegations made against the police were con tained in a petition to Sir G. Grey for the commutation of a sentence of transportation which had been passed by the Recorder at the last sittings of the Central Cri minal Court, on a person of the name of Boxall, alias Barrett, who was apprehended under the following cir cumstances, and conv i cte d for having stolen goods, and sentenced to be transported for ten years. In the month of February last Mr. Healey, the landlord of the King's Head, Old Change, lost nine billiard balls and three swords, when some of the detective police were employed. From circumstances which came to their knowledge they went to Boxall's shop in Shoe-lane, and there found the property. After some re-examinations, the prisoner was committed fur trial by Mr. Alderman Finnis on four separate charges of receiving stolen goods, and, from certain communications made by the police, Mr. Alderman Finnis directed the police to take charge of the premises, and which was not objected to by the friends of the prisoner. The consequence was, that the officers remained in possession for thirteen days; and in examining the contents of the shop they were satis fied that a large portion of the property had been stolen; amongst which was a large quantity of type, one portion of which was identified. The police considered that by the business being carried on as usual it might lead to the detection of some of the parties. This opinion was confirmed by there being taken into custody, within the thirteen days, nine persons for feloniously being in posses sion of stolen goods. Out of this number seven were con victed and two discharged. As it was generally the latter part of the evening when the property was brought to the shop, the police, to prevent any suspicion, used the gas ; and in the memorial to the Secretary of State, Boxall complains that the police had been using the gas, which he was compelled to pay for, and also that they bad consumed his wine and spirits while in possession, and that they had also refused to give up the possession. In reply to the questions of Sir P. Laurie, the men stated that it was by the direction of Mr. Alderman Finnis that they went in, and that the gas was used only during the time the shop was kept open for business. usi S n i g r Itl.eLwauinreie, B: sa c i . d ;th t a h t at ca w m i e th na r o e r s e pe u c n t d to er th t e ho cb c a o rg n e trs o ool f of Mr. Harvey, but he and Mr. Alderman Gibbs wer o e ul _ satisfied as to the character of Boxall, that o t f he t y e c sen d_ not support the memorial for a commutation the h tv.nes, tence. Oa the second charge of consuming the ; that &e., the men .most positively deny using ners men and while in the house one- of -the prs into the place. his family had free ingress and d egress to Sir a Grey • On this point Mr. Harvey report _ - - BARRISTERS-AT-LAW, MIDDLE TEMPLE, MAT 2T. —The undermentioned gPntlemen, called to the degree of the Uttar Bar,. on.. Friday last; were•_published in the Middle Temple-hall this day :—William Makepeace Thackeray, Esq., Edward Harrison, Esq., George John Strickland, Esq., John Balguy, jun., Esq., ,and Thomas Curson Hansard, Esq. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S. —YESTE RDA Y. Pending the t‘ettliug for the Derby and Oaks, there is very little inclination to touch upon future accounts; we can,• therefore, offer only a brief quotation of priceF, none of which, it should be added, have been obtained to any amount:— TAE EMPEROR'S VASE. 5 to 4 agst Mr. J. B. Day's The Hero 2to 1 agst Mr. Bouverie's War Eagle • 6 to 1 agst Mr. B. Green's Flatcatcher THE ASCOT STAKES. 10 to 1 agst Lord EgHilton's Plaudit 10 to 1 agst Sir R. Bulkeley's Montpensier 10 to 1 agst Lord Chesterfield's Lady Wildair 10 to 1 agst Mr. Drinkald's Mathematician 10 to 1 agst Duke of Richmond's Vampyre 10 to 1 agst any other. ST. LEGER. 400 to 200 agst Lord Chicleu's Surplice—taken ,000 to 100 agst War Eagle and Surplice winning the Emperor's Vase and St. Leger —taken 500 to 50 agst The Hero and Surplice for the same events Offers to take 12 to 1 about Justice to Ireland. DERBY. ,000 to 25 agst Mr. Macdonnell's Saucy Dick—taken ,000 to 15 agst Mr. Holmes's Montague—taken. SALE OF BLOOD STOCK. The following yearlings, the property of Earl Spencer, were sold yesterday, by Messrs. Tattersall:— Guineas, Castanero, by Sir Hercules, out of Sequidilla 105 l'haro, by Cotherstone, out of Allumetta Humphrey, by Cotherstone, out of Conscience 260 Brington, by Cotherstone, dam by Glencoe 235 Filbert, by Nutwith, out of Agnes Judy, by Pantaloon, out of ➢said of Fez B2 Amusement, by Cotherstone, out of Recreation 31 Hood, by Cotherstone, out of Clock 2lO The Wren, by Cotherstone, out of Wryneck 92 THE CASE OF WILLIAM AND JOHN DAVIS. Our readers will no doubt remember that we a short time since published the case of the above-named two un fortunate men, who were tried at the sessions, in March last, before Mr. Montague Baker Bere, and sentenced to seven years' transportation, upon the single testimony of the prosecutrix, who swore that she was robbed by them of about 255., near Bideford, whereas the two men were several miles distant from the scene of the alleged robbery at the time spoken to by the witness. It will be further remembered that the sentence under which they which banished f rom the i r friends, was only t h e resu lt _ e i th ch e might most reasonably have been calculated would w reward of s o hasty and unfavourable a trial as it as th eir l ot to suffer, inasmuch as they were com mitted from Bideford on the Wednesday, and tried on the following day, without: having had any time to get up their witnesses,or , e them. liivrina, l Dying a professional man to defend vices of Mr. Walter however,Fri availed themselves of the ser pleased to announce his unremitting exertions in the case, have been the of the two men, and the 1 IYI establishing the innocence the Home -office by that gentle:Ming letter received from Geo 'Whitehall, M a y an has been shown us : Sir,—Secretary Sir2o, 1848. having carefully considered your application rignebGrey, William Davis and John Davis, I have the satisfaction ehof to acquaint you that under all the circumstances of the case, he has f e l t warranted in advisi ng h er Majesty to grant the prisoners a free pardon. I, am, Sir, your most obedient humble servant, 11. WADIEetNeI9 TON. Walter Friend, Eiq., 5, N ort h- street, A free pardon for two men proved not to I;ave emitted an offence for which th e y h ave been sentenced years' transportation, hereby incurring the stigm a of the highwayman, and h avo b een i ncarcerated upwards of' two months, is indeed but a mean recompense for their sufferings, and the grief of their relatives. Such a case therefore as this, fully exemplifies to our minds the great necessity for an appeal in criminal cases, as well upon the law as upon the facts, on which a conviction may be considered contrary to justice. — Western l imes. MANSLAUGHTER. On Friday afternoon the inhabitants of the neigh bourhood of Toxteth Park, Liverpool, were much alarmed by the report that a deliberate murder had taken place in Simpson -street. The circumstances of the case are these :—The person charged with the shocking crime is a respectable butcher, named Uns worth, residing in Simpson -street. About noon on Fri day, a man named Vallamy came to the shop, and some words took place between himself and the butcher. A man, named John Clarke, who knew Vallamy, was pass ing, and succeeded, with the assistance of two other per sons, in getting him away from the butcher's door. Clarke then, for some object or other which does not appear, was in the act of going towards the butcher's shop when the latter met him near the door, and, hav ing a large knife in his hand, deliberately plunged it into the unfortunate man's right side. The deadly wea pon entered the man's bowels, from the effect of which he died in a few minutes. The inquest on the body was held on Saturday afternoon last. Mr. Blair, barrister, appeared on behalf of the prisoner. The first wit ness examined was Michael Vallamy, who said that on Friday, between twelve and one o'clock in the after noon, he was going along Simpson-street, and saw the prisoner in his shop. He bid him good morning, and said, " I did not expect that your wife would go up and prosecute those two lads who were fighting in the street last night." The prisoner said he could not help it. Whilst the conversation was going on the prisoner con tinued in his shop, and he (the witness) outside. Just at that moment the deceased, John Clarke, came up, and asked him what ho was d o i ng there. He answered no thing, only talking to the butcher a bit. The prisoner then said, " There is another Irish scoundrel now." Directly after using these words the prisoner lifted up his knife and came outside the door. He went towards Clarke, and drove the knife into Clarke's bowels. Clarke cried out, " God have mercy, I'm done." The prisoner then went back into the shop. There was no altercation between the deceased and the prisoner at all. The pri soner, without any provocation, took up the knife, came out of the shop, and stabbed the deceased in the way he had described. Several other witnesses were examined, and the jury, after some deliberation, returned a verdict of man slaughter against the prisoner. • - - - Principal contents of the Observer, May 28th : Upwards of three folio columns of her Majesty's birth day, drawing-room, and illuminations ; two columns and a-half of the Great Free-labour Meeting at the London Tavern, on Saturday; Marylebone and St. Pancras. vestry meetings, near two columns; Convocation of the Clergy, intended Address on Monday to the Queen, near a column; a column and a half of Births, Marriages, and Deaths; about one hundred useful advertisements; and twenty-five columns of Foreign and Domestic News. The extensive publication of the Observer corn mences at six o'clock on Sunday mornings. Monday's edition, best for the country and abroad, at four o'clock on Monday afternoon PENINSULAR MAILS.—SOUTHAMPTON, SUNDAY NIGIIT.—The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's ship Iberia, C. F. Burney, Commander, has just arrived from the Italian ports. Her dates are : Genoa, May 16 ; Leghorn, May 15 ; Civita Vecchia, May 14 ; and Gibraltar, May 22. The Hiberia brings forty first and sixteen second-class passengers, and the following on freight -7 packages on specie, value 5,1001. sterling ; 78 packages of Italian works of art, 4 cases of alabaster, 1 case of asphaltum, 6 cases of corals, 2 cases of paste, 20 pipes, 10 jars, and 10 half-jars of oil, 19 bales of silk, 200 half-chests of oil, 20 cases of cheese, 2 casks of wine, 17 barrels of dates, 6 hogsheads of wax, 10 cases of leeches, and 36 packages of sundries. On the 3d of May on the outward voyage, in lat. 40 40 N., and long. 10 14 W., the Iberia passed a wrec k , dis masted, appare n tly a b arque with figure-head of a wo man, sides painted blue, and two bow timber ports. On the 24th of May, at noon, in lat. 40.8 N., and long. 9.56 W., passed a steamer with two white funnels, supposed to be the Hindostan, steering southwa r d. F rom C ad i z we learn that a number of Spanish troops had been dis patched to Seville, to prevent further outbreaks. The Cadiz Comercios announces, that on the night of the 16th certain individuals attempted to excite several groups of vagabonds collected on the old Alameda of Seville, but they failed, owing to their not being joined by any respectable part of the population. In the meantime the Duke de Montpensier again embarked on board a Spanish war -steamer for protection, but re landed in the morning. Besides the Captain-General of Seville, General Montero had likewise marched out of Huelva with a pretty considerable force in pursuit of the insurgents, but had not succeeded in overtaking them. The rebels were supposed to be in much more consider able numbers than the Seville accounts represented; they consisted of nearly 1,000 men and 400 horses, and had marched past Huelva in excellent order, supposed to be on their way to the Estremadura. A Spanish war steamer, filled with troops, passed Gibraltar on the 18th instant, bound for Seville ; and the Teodsso steamer was employed in the conveyance of troops from Cadiz to Se ville- Commercial matters in Gibraltar were dull. Ex change on L on d on , at 90 d ays ' d ate , 4 7i ; on P ar i s , 5 .t f 30c.; Mar s eill es , sf. 32 c . ; G enoa , sf. 30 e. ; at eight days' days' si g ht on M a d r id,4f. di s . ; C a di a an d M a l aga , Seville and Barcelona, dis. ; Alicante, If din. ' _ Bar celona, dis. ; Spanish pillared dollars, 2 24 cent. premium. Freights to London andon t P or ts ,per a nd 10 per Bra zil, and River Plato, 14 doll s . to 16 do lls . p pe e r r e c e e n n.and t t . ; Malta, Leghorn, Th Ge season enoa, e n a o s a 0 , n 4 d w ol a ls s . a c n o d m s . m CREMORNE GARDENS. e together several thou atet attractions o a n t s t o h f i places fin e weather of public a n resort l ast eid s,s t evening. e list of amusements broug ht av i s m a n p d r v v e i s d i o a r n s d . t h T e h r e e ars groundsnow in n e a addition bee t e o nla th rg e ed wa a i n k d s and grass plots of last several acres of ground in csoumt i s u t terracesoyoemarno now , i a o n o d s p r a e n r t d e e r zr rendezvous close s for to t h the os e boat races, and suc h whor v o e a e r d , d e a a l ff i n g o d h r d t a i n n i g d e The orch estra l ts are arrangemen of the beat class; the perf ormers arc aquatic ex hib i tion, things as are to be seen on the Theme.. almost all old favourites of the public, and many of them are of the number of those who have be en compelled to go somewhat far a-field from the fact of the theatres at which they acquired their reputation being converted i n to exhibitions of foreign mountebanks. The great at traction of the evening was the ascent .of. Lieutenant Gale in his bal'Oo - u. The ascent took place a little after seven o'clock, and i wits- a'very fine one. He was accom panied by two: ladies and. three gentlemen. The balloon took a direction towaede Greenwich, crossing ,the river a little belowßattersea-bridge, and continuing in sight f or a comparat ively le t rig time, owing to the clearness of the evening. The illuminating of the trees and walks of the gardens were very brilliant and arranged in excellent taste; the fire-works, &c., were on a scale of more than usual magnitude, and some of the pyrotechnic devices were exceedingly clever. IRELAND. ___ DUBLIN, MAY 28.—The overwhelming excitement created by the extraordinary scenes enacted yesterday, unlike ordina r y ebullitions of popular f ee li ng, remains unabated ; and it would be but shirking the truth t.) conceal the fact that, beyond his own friends and parti sans, there prev a il s n o sma ll amount of sympathy fo c i ‘ T -T-iS the late of the misguided man whose own temerity and undisguised preachings of tre9son have led to expatria tiou,from his native land, where, by a legitimate exercise of talents of no common order, be would doubtless have I attained a position sufficiently elevated to sati s fy t h e political aspirations of any man cf less moderate preten sions than Mr. John Mitchel. He has, however, chosen his own course ; he ran his head into the lion's mouth played the game of his antagonists, and has been check mated. It is to be hoped— a rather illusory expectation —that his example will not be lost upon others who, it is said, are prepared, at every risk, to follow in his footsteps. It might be well for those ardent—it may be honest —young men to reflect before they commit them selves further in a desperate cause. They may depend upon it that the present state of feeling in favour of their leader is but transitory, and that in a few brief months his memory will fare no better than that of the many who have perilled their liberty under somewhat similar circumstances. The precautions taken yesterday to prevent any rash attempt at rescue on the way to the place of embarkation were most effective and judicious. There was, however, some rioting at Seville-place, on the North Strand, where the police were assailed by a mob, the chief leaders of whom were women. One amazon was con spicuous by her daring. She hurled stones and brick bats with unerring aim at the heads of the constabulary, cursing lustily the cowardice of the men of Dublin in leaving the fighting to the women. All the efforts of the police to effect her capture were useless, and she finally escaped in the crowd of combatants. One man had his head laid open by a stroke of a baton, and several of the ringleaders were taken prisoners. About four o'clock a body of police took possession of the office of the United Irishman, and carried off the types, &c., on a dray. Subsequently, however, it ap peared that Mr. Gavan Duffy had on the day previous purchased all the materials, and having intimated this circumstance to the authorities, orders were issued to restore the property, and at about six o'clock the types were brought back to the office in Trinity -street. The premises are, however, still in the possession of the police. A successor to the United Irishman, conducted under the auspices of some of the writers of the defunct organ, will, we understand, snake its appearance next Satur day, under the attractive name of the Felon. Father Kenyon, it is said, will be a leading contributor to its columns. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. WOOLWICH, MAY 29.—The Earl of Auckland, G.C.8., First Lord of the Admiralty; Rear-Admiral J. W. Deans Dundas, C. 8., Captain Fitahardinge Berkeley, C. 8., Captain Lord Jchn Hay, C. 8., Captain Alexander Milne, and the Honourable William Cowper, Lords of the Admiralty; Mr. H. G. Ward, secretary, accom panied by Admiral Sir Charles Napier, K.C.8., Captain . Ellice, comptroller of steam machinery; Mr. Lloyd, chief engineer; Mr. Hughes, assistant to the chief en gineer at the Admiralty; Mr. F. P. Smith, of the steam department and superintendent of fitting vessels with screw propellers; and Mr. Murray, chief engineer at Portsmouth Dockyard, arrived at Woolwich Dockyard at nine o'clock A.M., and were received by Commodore Sir Gordon Bremer, K.C.B. and Mr. Lang, master shipwright; Mr. Jenkins, storekeeper; Mr. Mouchet, store - rece i ver; M r . Ath er t on , chief engineer; and by a guard of honour of the Royal Marines, under the command of Captain Meheux. Their Lordships embarked immediately on board the Black Eagle, and proceeded down the river to witness iiriofficial tr i a l of the Encounter steam-frigate. The Encounter left Deptford shortly after half-past seven o'clock A. 21., and remained opposite Woolwich Dockyard s u i rg l e r M o r t . , Lang, master emssaeslt,erAsihripwright, Atherton,M r. m F r i . n H ch e a g m h , e t s h , e a d n e d - Glasse, Command ers steam,board-- Captain Smythe, Douglas, King, and Derriman, when Their Lordships startedh making 75 revolutions of her r t o i p m e e ller in p t e h r e m ß in lae ut k e Eagle steam-vessel, and during the progress of the ves selsat p t r hs oi rs e ea e wm de pe d down the river, down the river the speed of the Black Eagle was as certained to be 11 knots per hour, and the Encounter kept up with her the whole of the way, showing that the latter vessel had acquired a greater speed—nearly one knot more per hour--than she made on her preliminary trial. On this occasion, the Encounter had 576 tons on hoard, equivalent to the whole of her stores and arma ment, with an allowance of 300 tons of coals, and was immersed on the average about two inches below her calculated water line, drawing 13 feet 3 inches fore, and 14 feet 1 inch aft. The Earl of Auckland, and the naval Lords of the Admiralty, went on board the En counter, accompanied by Captain Sir Baldwin Walker, surveyor of the navy, and witnessed the ease with which the engines were set in motion and stopped, and highly approved of their simplicity and efficiency. On arriving at the Lower Hope below Gravesend their Lordships left the Encounter and went on board the Teaser steam vessel, fitted with engines of 60-horse power, and having two rudders. The speed of the Teaser was very credit able, and she appeared to answer well, but required nearly equal room to turn in as the Encounter, although the latter is so large a vessel. Their Lordships proceeded in the Teaser down the river, the Black Eagle accom panying them, and the Encounter returned to moorings opposite Woolwich Dockyard at half past two o'clock under the charge of Lieutenant Robertson, with Mr. Laen, acting master-attendant at Woolwich Dockyard. Tho trial to-day was most satisfactory, and their Lord ships expressed themselves greatly pleased with the re sult. Mr. Penn accompanied their Lordships during the official visit to the Encounter and the Teaser, fitted with engines by his firm. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. VACANCY IN THE PUBLIC ORATORSHIP.-CABIBRIDGE, MAY 29.—The office of Public Orator in this university has become vacant by the acceptance of the living of Staplehurat, in Kent, by the Rev. Thomas Crick, 8.D., of St. John's College, who was elected to succeed the Rev. Christopher Wordsworth, April 27, 1836, Mr. Crick being at the period senior Fellow of his college. The names of three gentlemen have been put forward by their friends as candidates for the office, viz.:— The Rev. William Henry Bateson, B.A. (46th Se nior Optimo and 3d Classic), 1836; M.A., 1839; 8.D., 1846; Fellow and Senior Bursar of St. John's College. The Rev. John Alexander Frere, B.A. (39th Wrangler and sth Classic), 1838; M.A., 1841; Fellow, Assistant Tutor, and Head Lecturer of Trinity College. The Rev. Rowland Williams, 8.A., 1841; M.A., 1844; Fellow and Tutor, and Classical Lecturer of King's Col lege, and Battie's University Scholar. HEBREW PROFESSORSHIP.—It is rumoured that the Rev. Samuel Lee has tendered his resignation of the Regius Professorship of Hebrew, to which he was ap pointed in 1831. The following gentlemen have been mentioned as likely to become candidates for the suc cession:— The Rev. Thomas Jarrett, of Catharine Hall, B.A. (34th Wrangler and 7th Classic), 1827 ; MA., 1830 ; Tyrwhitt's Hebrew Scholar (first class), 1827; Professor of Arabic, 1831. Rev. Theodore Preston, A.B. (25th Wrangl er ), 1841 ; M.A., 1844; Fellow of rinity College. The Vice-Chancellor has given notice that members of the University who wish to join in the presentation - of the address to her Majesty the Queen will be admitted in their academical dress at Buckingham Palace on the 31st inst., on presenting their cards. The address will be received by her Majesty, at three o'clock. The Norrisian Professor of Divinity commences his Lectures for Michaelmas Term, 1848, on Thursday, October 19th. VAUXHALL GARDENS. Yesterday evening this popular place of summer resort once more threw its doors open to the public, and if the number of votaries of pleasure who thronged the illumi nated walks or occupied the verdant bowers be any criterion by which to form an estimate, we should say the entertainments of the " royal property" are still held in much esteem. The gardens themselves have under gone no change or improvement, but the Square of St. Mark's, Venice, which last year was so prominent a feature in the grounds, has given place to a grand and extensive pictorial representation of the ancient city of Constantinople. Many additions have been made to the various departments that contribute to the amusements of the visitors. The entertainments commence with a concert supported by many well-known favourites, both vocal and instrumental, amongst whom are Mr. E. L. Hime, Mr. J. W. Sharpe, Miss Georgina Smithson, Mrs. Aveling Smith, Mr. Sinclair Jones, and several others. Mr. Rime is a member of a musica l famil y , held in g rea t respect in Liverpool and Manch ester, and the admirab le taste and feeling which he t hrows into his vocalisat ion announced to lov'd voi ce , must inevitably extend h is fame to the metro p olis. He and thine compositions.g tb a i n y e ! rayl alone," exquisite little;pi ece , an d being pretty h b i t h lad was T waa one of his called " written expressly for these gardens, it will no doubt b ecome popular as it was warmly encored last night. The equestrian performances are of a very superior Cha racter, the corps consisting of both English and French artists, and their daring and agile exploits in the circle are really most astonishing. The entertainments are wound up with a magnificent display of fireworks, in which, as the bills stat e " there is introduced every A n ir i . n w p a y r r d o l t e e y ch h u tedra d' Gme a at ir r ro. t dn ifi ßesa c y, e saasun k td: n itl o ihf w eponsoselsess s pleasingmpaonitaten3 f aa th e nt Altogether, then, and agreeable the attentive continue to evince the same anxiety to render their patrons com fortable that rig ht, they did last • ht, there will be no cause this season to complain of want of support, whatever there might have been last. SYMPATHY WITH MITCHEL.—BIRMIIIGHAM, MON.. DAY.—A meeting of Irishmen resident in Birmingham was appointed to be held on a vacant space of ground in Lower Hurst -street, at half-past five o'clock this even ing, for the purpose of expressing their detestation of the " odious and tyrannical sentence" passed upon Mitchel in Dublin, and their sympathy with " the great Irish patriot;" but at the hour appointed for the chair to be taken not more than 50 persons were on the ground, and even this small congregation was for a time completely dispersed by a sharp shower of rain. The royal mail steam-ship Acadia, Captain Stone, left the Mersey on Saturday, tor Halifax and New York. The steam-Ship Britannia, Captain Lang, which would leave Boston on the 17th and Halifax on the 19th inst., may be expected to arrive in the river to-morrow.-- Liverpool Albion of yesterday. The Chancellor of the Exchequer has received SI. for "income-tax from a party who has not been as sessed." The amount will be paid to the Receiver-Ge neral of Taxes. i .~