The Sun. — London, England, 1865-01-28 00:00:00

T HE PALL-MALL GAZ An Evening Newspaper and Review. Office, 14, Salisbury-street, Strand, W.C. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. Sole Manager and Director, Mr. W. Harrison. T HIS EVENING. FAUST. Mesdames Anna Hiles, Siurrington, Cotterell ; Alessrs. Swift, Forbes, H. Corri, and Marcesi. Conductor, Signor ARDITI. Followed by the Grand Christmas l'an!omime, THE LION AND THE UNICORN. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. (Opera Company, Limited.) CONTINUED SUCCESS OF CINDERELLA AND THE WONDERFUL. DONATO. THIS EVENING, (Saturday\ a new Opt ra. the music by F. Clay the words by T. W. Robtrtson, entitled CONSTANCE. Mdlle. Blartorelle, M iss Thirlwall, 15Iessrs. H. Corr', A. Cook, C. Lyali, and Henry Haigh. Conductor, Mr. A. MELLON. Alter which, at a quarter-past 8, the Grand and highly successful Yantomin e, CIN DERELLA.; with magnificent een..ry and gorgeous accessories• In the Harlequinad,.. Senor Donato will perform his celebrated and astonishing Danse avec 31auteau. Commen:e at Seven. TEATR E-R OYA L, DRURY-LANE, Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. TIE'S EV ENING, and during the week. A YOUNG LAD FROM TIIE COUNTRY. Alter which, the Grand Christmas Pantomime. HOP O'MY THUMB AND HIS ELEVEN BROTHERS; or, Harlequin and the Ogre of the Seven-League Boots : Messrs. G. Bel more, Tom Matthews, G. Weston, Master Percy Roselle, &c. Misses Lydia Thompson. R. Lcclercq, &c. ; Messrs. Boleno C. Lauri, NV. A. Barnes, T. Morris , Cormack , Saville ; Mdme: Boleno, the Misses Gunnies, and Signor Tescano. T HEATRE -R YA L, HAYMARKET. Lessee. Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, Jan. 27, DAVID GARRICK. Messrs. Chippendale, Sothern, Buckstone, itogers, Clark, Coe, Wea thersby, &n Mesdames Moore, Snowdon, Fitzwilliam, After which, LORD DUNDREa.RY MARRIED AND DONE FOR Messrs. Sothern, Buckstone, Braid, Gordon, Clark, White, Coe, Weathersby, &C. ; Mesdames Snowdon, Hill, &c. With IntINCESS SPRINGTIME. Mr. Compton, Miss L. Keeley. And A KISS IN THE DARK. To commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Sole Management of Mr. Pechter. THIS EVENING, GRANDFATHER WHITEHEAD. Messrs. Emery, C Horgman, tollett, Garden, Moreland, Cl,tnrd : Mesdames Hamilton, Henrade, C. for man. Atter which, at halt-past 8, a New Drama, entitled THE .tIOA OSHA , : INN. Rtbert Mazaire, Mr. t echter. Messrs. IVid'licon►b, C. llorsinan, Fitzpatrick, Garden, Moreland, Raymond, Collett; Mesdames 14.1sworthy and B. Percy. To conclude with BEAR,PACED IMPOSTORS. Mr. Witidiemb. Doors open at Hall-past Six. The Box-office open daily from ElLy.n till Five. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, A.DELPHL— oIo ierupri.tir atm Manager. Aar. v ebster. THIS EVENING, ICI ON FAILLE FRANCAIS. Mr. J. L. Toole. At er which, at 8, LEAH. Miss Bateman, supported by Messrs. George J, roan, winbourne, it. Phillips, Stuart, Stephenson,t.burne; Miss li. Simms and Mrs. Bil.ington. To conclude with DARK DOINGS IN TETE CUE'- BOARD BY Tilt; IiNOTTINWEII BRO s.` tIERS. Messrs. J. 1.. Toole, Paul Bedtord, It. rhill:ps, Billington ; Mrs. A. Mellon. Miss A. Seaman. Commence at 7. W`ICA' , -PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVIiNING, a new Extravaganzi, entitled THE 3IAGIC HORSE AND THE ICE MAIDEN I RINCESS. Alter which, THE STREETS OF LONDON. Messrs. Vining, J. W. Ray, D. Fisher, D. Murray, J. Nelson, H. Forrester. H. Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Marston, Miss Emma Barnett, and Miss Fanny Gwynne. ROYAL STRAND TREATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress. Mrs, Swanborough,__. THIi EVENING, at 7, LAWRENCE'S LOVE SUIT, Mr. Parselle ; Mesdames Palmer, Carson, and Might& _ Atter which, the Grand Christmas Burlesque, THE " GNA N" 11 Uz; II ES ; or, the Mrs. Brown of the Idissia-sippi. Messrs. Stoyle, Thorne, James, Fenton, &c.; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, ltaynham, Simpson, Johnstone, &c. To conclude with AiRS. GREEN'S SNUG LITTLE BUSINESS. Mr. Belford. GRATIS AND POST FREE. E. MOSES and SONS' New Pamphlet, THE PHILOSOPHY OF DRESS. MOSES AND S 0 N E• respectfully call attention to their large and wcll - stock of JUVENILE CLo I HlNci. The newest farirics . are combined with the latest and most fashionable resigns, and the best workmanship. E. MOSI 4 and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their Gusines3, and they can with confidence allirm that the prices art , such as must satisfy the most economical. This depart went is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be icund a gre4t conv,nience for ladies and children, MOSES AND SON E• . respectfully invite public attention to their large and well-aes;irted IVIIQTE kc STOCK. MSES O AND SON'S 2..2A•"SANDRINGIIAM." and " DANISH " WRAPPER I, itroluced by them) is the nev, cst and most lashion%b.e - style of Overcoats for the season. E.MOSES AND SON'S • READY-MADE and BESPOKE CLOI`UI:Iii for all classes and all ages. A• MOSES AND SON'S • CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, irom 308. E MOSES AND HOSIERY and DRAPERY, for all classes and all ages. S 0 N'S 11 MOSES AND SON'S BATS AND CAPS, for all c asses and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S E• BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. E MOSES AND SON'S E OUTFI l'S, for all classes, all ages, and all climates. MOSES AND SON'S • LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 150, 157, Minories ; 83, 84, 85, 80, 87, 88, 89, Aldgate 500, 507, 508, New Oxford--street; 1,2, 3, Hart-street; 137, 138, 'Tottenham-Court-road 288, Euston-road Also, Bradford, Yorkshire. MOSES AND SON'S • Establishments ate closed tve - y Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until 11 o'clock. _ _ . A I Jiielet;arc;;ried the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article nut approved of will be exchanged, or the money returned. List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, •' The Philosophy of Dress," gratis and post free. COALS. —The LILLIESHALL• COMPANY'S COALS. Direct from their own Collieries. Marquis'.......26s. per ton. I Double .. 218. per ton. Top • 2ss. „ Deep ....228. „ We 11 screened and delivered within live miles of their De pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17. South Wharf, Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N. Best Coke lss. per chaldron. Terms cash. JOAN SCOTT, Sole Lgent. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied, as soon as published every Evening by W. ALEXANDER (late BROOKS), Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish-street, Oxford -street. THE THIRD EDITION OF « THE SUN,' Containing the Latest spoinaziu INTL LLIGEN can be had Every Evening of G. It. GLENIE, NEwa AGENT, No, 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde -park. THE LAST EDITION of " THE SUN supplied as Focal as Published. containing a ll t h e LA VEST NEWS and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by IL W. HARRIS, Ne spaper Agent, 4, Blacktri ars - roaa, London,,S. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAL—Morning, 2h. 40m.—Afternoon, 3h. 3m. To-Mona ow.-Morning, 3h. 24.m.—Afternoon, 3h. 46m. Un; Ini7D °N, SATURDAY, JAN. 28, 1865. A RI 'elal Messag e is never received with indiffer ence in parliamentary life, and it is to be hoped that a communic a ti on just addressed by the QUEEN to a small but important class of her subjects will meet with due attention. It is not often that her MA JESTY interferes directly in the general • affairs of the nation, 'and her words, when they are spoken, are therefore naturally the more effective. On the few occasions when the QUEEN ha s openly expressed her opinions or her sentiments with respect to any matter exclusive of her routine duties, she has usually shown a ready appreciation of the wishes of the nation, and, in fact, has only availed herself of her position to express with more force and weight the general feeling of the public. o n the occasion of the lamentable accident at Bir mingham her MAJESTY took the opportunity of making. a decided protest against the performances of female acrobats—an expression of opinion which had the beneficial effect of sending such objection able exhibitions out of faaion. In the present The Under Secretary to the Treasury is one who always speaks with great caution, indeed he carries that notion to rather too great an extent ever to be very greatly distinguished. lie, however, errs on • the safe side, and is not likely to make any great mistake in his sayings and actions. His speech the other night was characterised by his usual careful ness and deliberation, but it will be seen that he , makes many mistakes and gives utterance to several erroneous opinions. As connected with the Treasury his words possess an importance which individually they would not have, and therefore, so far as this is concerned, this discussion at Bury on the eve of a new session must be regarded as unsatisfactory and unpromising as to intentions, and Ministerial plans. In the first place, he compromised himself by de claring that it was wrong to state that the country was humiliated by the Danish affair. It is all very fine for the votary of red-tapism, as the right hon. member is known to be, to remark that we must narrow the questions in which it was proper for us to interfere ; but this kind of argument cannot pass as valid when and where the honour of the country is at stake ; and it will be a life-long reproach to all Lord PALMERSTON'S Cabinet and followers that they pursued so lathe and dishonourable a policy, and boasted of their evil doing. Truly their glory seems to be in their shame. Not content with his cowardly declaration concerning Denmark, Mr. F. PEEL went on to commit himself about America, regarding which question he spoke with a true RUSSELL inspiration, and fashioned his sentences to a tone that would have delighted the Manchester clique had they been among his auditory. First of all, he felt rather guilty that we had recognised the South as belligerents, and endeavoured to screen himself and his friends by saying that the North had done so before we had. Can anything be more absurd than this ? Why are we eternally to hear public men and responsible persons committing these egregious blunders, and proclaiming to the world that we are afraid of offending such a Power and this or that State ? Why cannot we rest con tent with the consciousness that we have acted for the best—that honourable intentions have actuated us, and the desire to serve the claims of justice and her interests been our prevailing prin ciple, instead of indulging in all this clap-trap as to the expediency of a compromise and the non-neces sity for :fulfilling this or that pledge, and carry ing out the stipulations of certain Treaties whose validity we had guaranteed. The tame and truckling course so much in vogue among our latter day politicians may serve to keep a Ministry in place and a party in power, but it will never make statesmen worthy of the name, patriots who stand for their country to the last, jealous of her reputa tion, and determined to uphold her honour spotless and secure. If Mr. F. PEEL is enunciating the policy of the present Cabinet, he is revealing to us a very mistaken and mischievous line of action, and one that will not suit the temper of the times, nor the feeling of the community at large. It would be impossible for the right hon. gentleman to speak in stronger terms, or in a more decided manner, respecting the non - recognition of seems strange that, in the face of so many warnings and in spite of such important facts as evidence, those in office should be so perverse and pre judiced upon this subject. If they are sacrificing the interests of their country at home and refusing to aid the cause of humanity abroad, in order to please the small set of politicians who proclaim a doctrine that is inimical to the spirit of the people, and militates against the character of the country, they are will lead them to failure, and pursuing a course that they find that they are leaning upon a broken reed in their unworthy attempts to make political capital out of public questions, and gain over those who might be dangerous, no matter whether such a pro ceeding is prejudicial to the welfare of their country or not, and unmindful of the claims that should weigh with so important a country as this as to in fluencing the duration of a sanguinary war, and arresting the progress of a calamity whose conse quences are deplorable. According to Mr. F. PEEL'S argu ment we should never a cognise any belligerent State ; because he puts the case thus, that we cannot reco • gmse the South, since the North has not ‘‘ abandoned its efforts, still less its hopes of subjugating it." Can anything be more inconsistent than this style of reasoning, because is it likely that one of the parties in a con flict would recognise the rights of the other ? and, according to the showing of this speech, we must wait to admit the independence of the South until the North has done so. Further on, when he discoursed upon more serious themes, the right hon. gentleman rather forgot himself, and by his own showing exhibited the great evils to which an unequal policy had given rise. He stated that we were threatened with a rival in the matter of a national debt, and seemed likely to lose the repu tation of so long a standing as to being the highest in such an affair. America, which had a public debt not less than four hundred millions sterling, must have an annual charge upon it far more than ours. Does not this suffi ciently exemplify the inquiry that is accruing to those whose cause we pretend to serve, and form a striking warning to those who forsake the line of action where duty points and to which honour calls, in order to tread the devious paths of expediency or the dangerous road of compromise. Mr. PEEL gave a hint to his vehement peace friends, which they will not thank him for, notwithstanding that there is some truth in it. He stated that he desired an increase of the franchise to a certain extent, but he deprecated the proposals that some made of a startling and sudden change. He argued that if the mere numerical majority of those who lived by their hand was in the constituencies, the " House of Commons would become the repre sentative of one class, though not necessarily of one opinion, and thereby would lose that characteristic which it had so enjoyed of being the representative of all classes and interests in the country, which thus acted as a check upon each other, and secured that everything done should be for the general good." So :much for the effect of Mr. BRIGHT'S oratory and the arguments of his friend upon this representative of the Treasury. The comparison which the right hon. gentleman made concerning the House of Commons and " Congress" was very good, and indeed it furnished the most salient point of his speech. He said that they might well ask if Congress had been blotted out of the institutions of America, for it was most extraordinary that at a time like this it should have been of so little account. All must agree with the passage which expresses the impotence of the influence, and the failure of the establishment of the National Assem bly in the crisis that has occurred. Has there been, he effectively asked, " a voice out of Congress heard with power sufficient to stir a single wave in that great commotion ?" To do him justice, it would seem as if in the latter part of his speech the right hon. gentleman spoke more from his own observa- tions and convictions, and less in the jargon of offi cial language, and hence it was incomparably the best part of his harangue, though perhaps not quite so calculated to win approval from those refined j udges who reign supreme in the Treasury, and to whom he naturally looks as the oracles of wit and wisdom. The intelligence from India is not of a striking nature. Happily affairs are, generally speaking, in a tranquil condition, and the political changes which are being introduced are not very subversive in their character. Mr. MAINE's Bill for the aboli- tion of grand juries in the Presidency towns, is very unpopular among most classes ; but, for some reason or other, it is likely to be carried by the Govern ment. Two other legal measures are looked on with more favour—one being the extension of small cause courts, and the other a Bill for amending the constitution of the chief courts in the Punjaub and its dependencies. European criminals will hence forward be amenable to courts in the Mofus sil, whereas hitherto it has been necessary to bring such offenders to one of the Presidency towns, a consideration which naturally often prevented the prosecution of a cul prit, since a journey of a thousand miles is no light undertaking as a preliminary to punishing a dis honest servant, or even to bringing a worse crimi nal to justice. The new measure establishes courts in the large towns, which courts are to be presided over by European judges travelling on circuit. It is not surprising that such a scheme should be gene rally approved, since its advantages over the pre sent system are at once apparent. The effects of the late disastrous storm are still being severely felt in Bengal. Terrible sickness and famine are prey ing upon the unhappy people, and it is difficult to organise any system of relief commensurate with their wants. The destruction of human life in the great cyclone was appalling. It has been calculated that 60,000 persons perished. The island of Saugor, which formerly contained 8,200 people, now has only 1,200. The remaining 7,000 were swept off and drowned by the terrible storm-wave to which so much disaster was attributable. As a natural consequence of the varied evils attendant upon the catastrophe, epidemic sickness is raging among the population, and in some places commit ting fearful havoc. Great complaints are made of the indifference of the rich native Bengalese to the sufferings of their poorer countrymen, whose num bers are so vast that they are with difficulty reached by the comparatively few Europeans who are scattered among them. The crops have• also in parts been much damaged by the inroads of the sea water, and famine is therefore added to the other horrors. It is a pitiable spectacle, and it is to be hoped that the great cyclone of 1864 may long be memorable, not only for its devastation, but its singularity. An interesting, though melancholy, piece of in. telligence connected with India, reaches us from another quarter. From Constantinople we hear of the premature death of Col. PATRICK STEWART, of the Royal Engineers, to whose unremitting exer tions and public spirit we owe the speedy prospect of telegraphic communication with India. Un fortunately he fell a victim to his labours in the public service ; and having nearly seen the successful termination of his labours he died at the early age of 32, of illness mainly attributable to over exertion. He will be followed to the grave by the unanimous regrets of his coun trymen, who have to deplore not only the loss of an able and accomplished officer, but of a man whose energy, perseverance, and force of character marked him out for undertakings of exceptional difficulty and importance. LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS FOR THE ENSUING WEEK.—Actuaries, at 7, Table of Loga rithms o n g e i e c r a s i at at 8 8 , r k y s n x and ofWarehouses,the Negro,' e g r o rithms and Anti-Logarithms,' Part 11., Mr. Gray. Tues day—Engineers, T o ,a c 31 ' Skullai.Marseilles.' l le Ex humed in Bedfordshire,' Dr. Peacock ; History of Anthro pology,' Mr. Bendyshe. Royal Institution, at 3, Professor Tyndall. Wednesday —Society- of Litera ture, at 81. Society of Arts, at 8, London Sewage ancj Agriculture,' Mr. Morton. Thursday—Royal Institution, at 3, Electricity,' Professor Tyndall. Royal Academy, at 8, Architecture,' Professor Smirke. Linnean, at 8, ' Climbing Plants,' Mr. Darwin. Chemical, at 8, 'Lecture Illustrations,' Dr. Hofmann. Royal, at 81. Antiquaries, at 81. Friday—Archteological Institute, at 4. Philologi cal, at 8, Welsh Grammar and Etymology,' Mr. Rhys and Rev. G. C. Geldart. Royal Institution, at 8, Aluminium, Ethide and Methide,' Professor Odling. Saturday—Roy a l Institution, at 3, 'Nervous System,' Professor Marshall.— Atlienxum. By advices received this mail the Hong Kong and Ch• a Gas Company are informed of the successful light ing up of the city of Upng Kong with gas. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAM.) AMERICA. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) ARRIVAL OF THE ETNA. (Via Crookhaven.) The Inman steamship Etna, from New York on the 14th, arrived at Queenstown at 10.15 a.m. to-day. She brings $135,400 in specie, and 165 passengers. She landed 28 passengers, and pro ceeded for Liverpool at 11 a.m. NEW YORK, JAN. 14. Advices from Savannah to the Bth inst. state that affairs in that city were quiet and unchanged. Ru mours were current that a majority of the inhabi tants in the interior of Georgia had declared in favour of the United States Government. The Go vernor was said to have disbanded the State Militia and to be heading the movement. Serious conflicts between the loyal and Secession inhabitants were imminent. These rumours require confirmation. General Butler's official report on the Wilming ton expedition attributes its failure to a want of promptness on the part of the fleet, and expresses his conviction, which is shared by General Weitzel, that nothing but butchery could follow an assault. Butler says he was relieved because he could not countenance such an awful sacrifice of life, knowing the fort to be impregnable. The James River has suddenly overflown, rushing through the bulkheads of the Dutch Gap Canal. Mr. Foote, of Mississippi, has been captured while endeavouring to get within the Federal lines, and was conveyed back to Richmond. Deserters from General Lee's army assert that some of his troops have lately been sent from Rich mond to confront Sherman. General Rosser has captured Beverley, Western Virginia, with the garrison. Nothing definite has transpired relative to the reported unofficial peace mission of Mr. Blair to Richmond. The Tallahassee is stated to be under arrest at Bermuda. NEW YORK, JAN. 14. Gold, 219. Exchange. 241. New York Central, 1174 ; Erie, 84 ; Illinois CentrA 1211; 6 per Cent. United States Bonds, 1881, Registered, 1124 ; 5.20 Bonds, 1092- ; Cotton, 110. Breadstuffs and pro visions irregular. Coffee quiet. Sugar steady. Petroleum, refined, 93 (? 73). Freight nominal. NEW YORK, JAN. 14 (Morning). The rumours of peace negotiations continue. Slavery has been abolished in Missouri. The Federal Senate has passed a resolution to give twelve months' notice for the termination of the Reciprocity Treaty with Canada. A despatch from General Hood confirms the news of the movement of General Thomas towards Eastport, and the concentration of supplies there. Hood is said to be fortifying and going into winter quarters' . at Corinth. Hood's report of the battle of Nashville states that he lost 50 guns. his loss in killed and wounded was small. Forrest is concentrating a large force at Paris. Tennessee. Paducah, Kentucky, is said to be threatened. Rosser's cavalry have captured Beverley, Western Virginia, with the garrison, and afterwards re treated. Grierson, during his raid from Memphis, defeated the Confederates at Egypt, on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, capturing 500 prisoners. He also de stroyed 30 miles of the Mississippi Central Railroad below Granada. The rumour of Price's death is contradicted. Fighting was rumoured to be progressing, near Mobile, on the 31st. General Butler, in his farewell order to the army, says :—" I refused to uselessly sacrifice the soldiers' lives, and am relieved from the command. The wasted blood of my men does not stain my gar ments. lam responsible to God and the country for my actions." Butler's report of the attack on Fort Fisher was published at the request of General Grant, who endorses it, and says it was never contemplated that Butler should accompany the expedition, Weitzel having been specially named to command the expe dition. He denies that he instructed Butler to re turn after effecting a landing. His instructions contemplated no withdrawal, or failure after a land ing was made. He ascribes the failure partly to the delay caused by the experiment of exploding gunpowder in the open air. The Richmond Examiner calls for a Convention in Virginia, to revise the military affairs of the Con federacy and transfer the supreme command to Lee. The Enquirer opposes such a Convention, and re commends the Government to enlarge Lee's autho rity. The Missouri Constitutional Convention has adopted an ordinance for the immediate and uncon ditional abolition of slavery. Mr. Fessenden has been elected as Senator from Maine. The jury has failed to agree upon a verdict in he Opdyke-weed trial. The Moravian, China, and Edinburgh have ar- rived out. NEW YORK, JAN. 14. It is reported that the Committee of Ways and Means disapprove Mr. Fessenden's proposal to issue $200,000,000 7.30 bonds. Mr. Francis Blair arrived at Richmond on the 9th inst., it is reported on a peace mission. Washington despatches assert that the Confede rate Congress, in secret session, appointed fifteen commissioners, including Vice-President Stephens and several prominent men favourable to peace, to proceed to the North to confer with the Federals on the subject of peace. It is further rumoured that the Commissioners have asked permission of the Federal authorities to proceed North. Sherman has sent the 17th corps to Beaufort, Carolina, to co-operate with Foster between Poca taligo and Coosawatche. 2,000 of Sherman's troops are reported to be on the Oconnee river marching towards South-Western Georgia. One column is marching on Grahamsville. Richmond papers announce that Sherman's Go vernment of Savannah is conciliatory. _ . Savannah papers publish unreliable reports that the inhabitants of several counties of Georgia are arming in favour of the Union. LATEST COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, Jan. 14. ' Money easy. Gold, 2181. Exchange on Lon don, 2411 ; do. on Paris, 2.10 2.15. Stocks, prices lower : New York Centrals, 115 15-16 ; Illinois, 125 ; Erie, 83i ; Five-Twenty Bonds, 1094. Cot ton dull: middling Upland, 108. Flour steady; wheat flat ; corn quiet. Provisions and coffee slightly firmer. Sugar, good inquiry ; molasses quiet. Petroleum, crude, Mc. ; refined, 73c. (PER THE TELEGRAPHIC NEWS ASSOCIATION.) in the Federal Senate Mr. Hale opposed the re peal of the Reciprocity Treaty with Canada. lie denied that the United States had been a loser by the treaty, and said that England would regard the repeal as an act of retaliation. Senator Sumner admitted that the commerce between the States and Canada had yearly iflereaged, but he . doubted whe- instance the evil to which the QUEEN refers is of a more extensive character. It is a grievance which affects us all, and on which none can look with indifference. All the world now travels by railway and omnibus—people are continually passing to and fro on one of the many iron railways which intersect alike our metropolis and our suburbs. Whether on business or pleasure, long journeys or short excursions, we are continually on the move, and the railway companies, as the QUEEN reminds them, have assumed the responsibility of monopolising the means of conveyance. 'Alen of business visit the chief manufacturing towns, families gather together at the seaside, .parliamentary repre sentatives go down to enlighten their constituents, friends visit one another, children are sent to school —all by the railway. The use of this wonderful system of locomotion has indeed grown so common that many persons avail themselves of it twice every week day of their lives, coming to town in the morning and returning to their suburban dwellings in the evening ; while the metropolitan lines are in such continual service that they are already among the most flourishing of the railways. The compa nies, however, cannot attempt to deny, and they undoubtedly sincerely regret, that all this prosperity is chequered by so much misfortune. The acci dents are not only often of a frightful and even fatal character, but they are of such lament able frequency as seriously to endanger every person who travels in a railway carriage. Excur sion trains are proverbially dangerous, but whence arises this hazard to life and limb in mere everyday routine. It has been proved so often as to be quite familiar to the public, that the class of servants who do the actual work is not generally paid enough to secure the services of competent and intelligent men. This mistaken notion of economy has cost the com panies many a thousand, but neither the shock nor the loss seems to convince them of their error. It cannot be doubted that the accidents are generally the result of carelessness and negligence, and that the investigations and verdicts of coroners' juries have as yet been powerless to diminish them. Within the last two or three months we have had a regular series, and more than one has happened on those lines in which it may be supposed her MAJESTY is especially inte rested. It is of course evident that the QUEEN'S anxiety on the subject can have no reference to personal considerations, since, as she remarks, ex traordinary precautions are taken when she travels. But why is all precaution laid aside on ordinary oc casions. There is no reason to suppose that any passenger is indifferent to the chance of death or injury, and certainly there are very few whose lives are not valuable or dear to some one. It is a serious thing to kill or maim any individual from wanton carelessness, and where such carelessness results from the use of inefficient means, the companies cannot shake off the responsibility. We are grate ful to her MAJESTY for calling the attention of the directors to the alarming frequency of these cata strophes, misfortunes which are, as she justly observes, by no means a necessary part of railway travelling. ther the increase was due•to the treaty ; at any rate the revenue of the United States had suffered from Le treaty, The trial of the raiders is postponed 30 days, to procure evidence from Richmond. A document from President Davis, authorising the Lake Erie raid was read in court, but objection was made to receiving it. The ship Bridgewater has come off without damage. The blockade runners S. Mario and Louisa, from Galveston, have arrived. MEXICO. WASHINGTON, JAN. 13. Despatches received here from Mexico to the 28th ult. state that a report was current of the French having been defeated at Etla. A revolutionary feeling is said to prevail through out Mexico. The Emperor Maximilian has issued a manifesto, declaring in firm terms that the Church property in Mexico belongs to the State. The Papal Nuncio at Mexico declares that he is without instructions on the subject. The Emperor Maximilian expresses extreme surprise at this announcement. ITALY. TURIN, JAN. 28. , Yesterday evening a fresh popular demonstration took place in this city. It passed off, however, without disorder. The Syndic has issued a manifesto exhorting the citizens to observe the laws. . The Turin journals urge the people to abstain from any demonstration. A Turin letter says—" The emission of bonds on the Crown lands has completely succeeded. More money than was required has been obtained, and a reduction to the subscribers will be necessary. This operation, however, met with a very violent opposi tion from the foreign financial notabilities. The Italian bankers, and especially MM. Balduino and Gennero, who are at their head, showed on this occasion a courage which it was attempted to force them to abandon, by opposing them in every man ner. The fact must, however, be admitted that in November last all the financial world turned their backs on Italy. There was at the same time both a general and a special crisis. The Italian financiers alone had the courage to offer thtir assistance, and are now reaping the fruits of their services. Ido not think, besides, that the public will lose its money with the Italian Government. That the State has embarrassments is incontestable, and it will have them for a long time yet, but the political prudence of which the people have given so many proofs leads to financial sagacity. M. Buoncom pagni will, it is said, be called to the Senate, and be made president of that body in the approaching session at Florence." FRANCE, The Bishop of Vannes, who fell seriously ill after visiting the sailors suffering from the epidemic which lately prevailed at Lorient, is now so much better as to be considered out of danger. _ The journals announce the death of Baron de Bezancourt, known as a military historian, and particularly of the Crimean war. The decease,d was nephew of Count Mole, and brother-in-law of Gen. Arbouville. The amount of damage done by the late explosion of gas at the Pont d'Austerlitz is calculated at 250,000 fr. BOURSE, Jan. 27.—The market has been very animated to-day, partially owing, as supposed, to the reduction of the rates of discount by the Bank of England from 5i to 5 per cent. Prices now manifest a decidedly upward tendency. For the Account, Threes opened at 67f., and are now at 67f. 12c. to 67f. 15c. Mobiiier have also advanced, and are now doing at 9621 Shares are firm, and in r market closed as follows : 50c. to 965 f. Railway iany cases higher. The 41 per Cents 96 Do. end month Italian Loan 65 05 Do. end month 65 25 Ditto Threes — New Mexican Russian — Austrian Spanish Threes Home Debt Deferred 3 per Cents 67 20 D. end month 67 Credit Mobilier ... 965 Do. end month ... 965 Bank Shares 3515 Credit Fonder 1275 Roman RAILWAYS. Cash. Acct. Orleans Northern lOO2 50 ... 1005 Lyons and Mediterranean 940 ... 940 Southern 583 75 ... 581 25 Western 532 50 ... 535 Eastern Sardinian . Austrian 511 25 .., 512 50 307 50 ... 307 50 Lombard. 452 50 ... 453 75 542 50 ... 543 75 North of Spain 347 50 347 50 Saragossa 4lO ... 408 75 Ditto to Barcelona 176 25 ... 170 THE EMPEROR'S "LIFE OF GESAR.”—The Paris correspondent of the- London Guardian writes : " The first volume of the Emperor's ' Life of Caesar' was printed, except the preface, about a fortnight ago, in quarto form, at the imperial press. It forms a handsome book of 480 pages, with many notes from Polybius and other classical writers, translated into French. This edition is intended solely for distribution gratis by the Emperor. An octavo edition is preparing by Messrs. Plon, editors, for the use of the public, and will appear in about a mouth from this time, when the English, German, and Italian translations are expected in be in readiness. The work was to have appeared a week or two sooner, but some delay has occurred in preparing tke portrait of Caesar, which is to serve as a frontispiece. The Emperor was not quite satisfied with any one of the ancient busts submitted to him, and has therefore entrusted M. Henri Ingres to model a new bust of the great conqueror, combinery from the antiques and the instructions given him. With regard to the work itself, as far as yet known, it is said to be somewhat unequal in performance, but on the whole creditable to its imperial author. It is repre senfed as being rather what the French term a plaivoirie, or apology, or eulogy of Julius Omar, than a life or history properly so called ; and behind the great shade of the origi nal peep out, not unfrequently, the persons of Napoleon 1., and even Napoleon 111. In point of style it is said to be somewhat Germanic, the Emperor being well known for his love of the German literature and language, which last he speaks with almost greater familiarity than French itself. No fewer than four volumes of the work are con templated ; but those who know best what the occupa tions of the writer are say that it might be rash to feel sure beyond the first volume, or to calculate on more than a second. The story that the Emperor is to "correct the proofs of the English translation," or of any transla tion, is of course nonsense, though his Majesty's curiosity, as an author will doubtless tempt him to see occasionally how he looks in another dress. It has also been announced that the German translator was to be paid £320 for the pre sent volume. If so, he will be more lucky than his Eng lish colleague, who, though a corresponding member of the French Institute, is to receive only £l2O. Readings of the work have already taken place in the Imperial circle, where it is said the Empress surprised every one by the judicious ness of her remarks and criticisms upon a subject so remote from the general sphere of female intelligence." SUBMARINE TELEGRAPHY.—Direct telegraphic communication between England and Ireland, via Wexford, has been restored. The cable, which was the pro perty of the Electric Company, was broken during the gales in Nov. last, and it has only just been repaired ; but this has been done in such a manner as to secure immunity from the recurrence of the accident for years. The follow ing particulars are from a report of the operations which appear in the Dublin Daily Express :—" The cable, as sub merged in 1862, was laid to the south of the Tuskar Light, and it was nearly opposite that point that the failure oc curred, owing to the rocky bottom between Greonore and the Tuskar. Beyond the Tuskar the cable was found to be as perfect as when originally laid. It was deemed ad visable to abandon this rocky portion of the coast, and a careful survey having been made it was determined—first, to substitute a very thick and specially manufactured length of cable from the Irish coast for that previously laid ; and, second, to lay it about two miles north of the Tuskar Light. The steamer, with this new piece of cable on board, after having been detained at various places by stress of weather, made her appearance at Wexford on Fri day last, and on Saturday Captain Blacklock, assisted by Mr. C. F. Varley, the Company's engineer ; Mr. Eaton, from London ; and Mx. Edwards, from Dublin, pro ceeded to lay the 8-1- miles of new cable. This cable was designed specially to resist ships' anchors and rocky bottoms, and weighs 20 tons per mile. It is exceedingly flexible, and paid out like a silken cord, pass ing with the greatest ease over a wheel six feet in diameter. The Liverpool steam-tug Cruiser was employed for this purpose, and successfully submerged it in 1 hour and 50 minutes. The shore piece having been payed out and the end buoyed up, the deep sea piece was grappled for, and 4 Alially joined to it At VGI94 on Sully laming." Final Termination of the Builders' Strike.— Meeting of the Masters and Men. The_London strike committee last night received the following telegrams : FROM MR. BRITTON, SECRETARY OF THE JOINERS' COM MITTEE, BIRMINGHAM. "Birmingham, Friday. Night. " A deputation of eight members of the strike committee this afternoon met seven members of the masters' com mittee, when, after considerable discussion, the discharge note was unconditionally withdrawn. The Employers' Association meet again on Wednesday next to consider rules for the future regulation of the trade, and have agreed to meet an equal number of the men early in Ihe ensuing week to come to some definite arrangements for the future. A large meeting of the men is being held this evening, and resolutions are proposed, and which will no doubt be adopted, for resuming work on Monday morning next." FROM MR. WARD, SECRETARY OF THE NOTTINGHAM STONEMASONS' SOCIETY. " Nottingham, Friday Night. " A deputation from the strike committee met the em ployers last night, and after some discussion, arrangements were made for the men resuming work on Monday morn ing next. We are again meeting the masters at the pre sent time." The strike may now, therefore, be considered to have really terminated, as there is no doubt but that the men at Walsall, Coventry, Wolverhampton, Dudley, and other towns will follow the action of the Birmingham and Nottingham men. The London committee sent off last evening the usual weekly dividend to the strike committees in the country, and the weekly levies, to be collected this day, will be sent off on Monday, after which a balance sheet will be published. The Wreck of the Armenian. The following are the particulars so far as they have yet been ascertained of the catastrophe upon the Arklow Bank:— "It is my painful duty (writes the correspondent of the Dublin Daily Express) to record the total loss of the fine iron-built steamer Armenian, of some thousand tons regis ter, bound with mails, passengers, and a valuable cargo from Liverpool to Sierra Leone and other ports of South Africa, which took place on Wednesday on the Arklow sand banks, about seven miles S.S.E. of the town, on the coast of Wicklow, giving those banks their name. Rumours of a most painful and, of course, much exaggerated nature were rife on Thursday along the Wicklow coast line as to the loss of this steamer, it being variously stated that from 60 to 100 lives had been lost off Arklow in consequence of the wreck. Although the catastrophe has not been of at all so fatal a character, a large amount of property, and the loss of certainly four, if not more, lives has resulted from it. From personal inquiries, instituted on Thursday afternoon, in the vicinity of Arklow, the following particulars are given, and may be relied on for their accuracy. It appears that on Wednesday, at noon, a large steamer was, from the coast guard station at Arklow, first discovered aground on the banks at the distance already mentioned. Chief-boatman Coghlan and a crew of the coastguard at once launched their boat, and put off in the direction of the stranded ship. Approaching her after a long and rough pull they found her to be the steamer Armenian, totally deserted, and, at the time, hull under water, the upper part of the deck house and her funnel and masts only being above the water line. Observing a signal of distress flying from the mast of the Arklow light-ship, which was moored not far off, they pulled for that vessel. Here the full and sad narrative was first made known by the solitary light-keeper, whose fellows had left him, as it transpired, on a mission of mercy and to meet with a watery grave. It appeared the Arme nian had left Liverpool on the 23d inst., with some sixty persons, consisting of passengers and orew; the former four in number. On the 24th, having touched at Holyhead on the preceding evening, she took the Arklow Bank, the weather being thick, and a strong tidal current running at the time. She fired, as reported, some 300 signals, which appear only to have been observed from the Arklow light ship. Being desirous of offering assistance, and seeing that no help was approaching from the shore, the light-ship boat, manned by lightkeepers Coghlan, Waring (of Ring send), Cunningham (who was about to be married), and a boatman from Kingstown, whose name has not been given, put off ; but a heavy surf running at the time over the banks, the boat was soon capsized, and all her crew were drowned within sight of their companion left in charge of the light-ship. A sad incident in this melancholy scene is that one of the drowned crew of the light-ship's boat was the son of the chief boatman, Coghlan, to whom the news of the catastrophe was first officially reported on his arri val at the vessel. After the capsizing of the boat, and the deplorable loss of her crew while manfully striving to save life, a steamer hove in sight, and proceeded at once to ren der every assistance, conveying by means of boats the pas sengers and crew of the Armenian on board the light-ship, where every exertion was made with her limited means of accommodation to render the condition of the unfortunates as comfortable as possible. They were afterwards taken off by the Lady Eglinton, a London steamer, and landed at Wexford." The Execution of Kohl• The following account of. the execution, on Thurs day, of Kohl, and of his conduct generally, is from the Rev.. Dr. Cappel " Kohl," Dr. Cappel says, " has always protested his in nocence, and seemed chiefly to rest his assertions of inno cence on the ground that no one saw him commit the deed, and that none of the clothes or other property of the mur dered man were found on him. He was also most violent against some of the witnesses. He was rather subdued up to yesterday, when I saw him at 7 o'clock in the evening. At first he seemed much as usual, but when I went to him a little later I observed a marked change in the man. He had become more determined and yet more frivolous than before rand he occasionally even laughed and seemed to make light of the matter. He has asked me sometimes whether there was any chance of his sentence being altered to transportation, and he has also asked me whether the carrying out of the sentence could not be deferred for a few days. Last Monday he said he would give $2OO or $3OO to any one who would say that they had seen him on the 3d of November in London. I told him it was quite impossible that any one could give that evidence or else his own soli citor would have brought it forward. He then became violent, and I left him in a state of great anger. Yesterday (Wednesday) when I saw him in the evening he still per sisted in declaring his innocence. I saw him this (Thursday) morning shortly after 6. I found him in his cell engaged in reading, and he told me he had had a good night. He still asserted he was innocent, and wanted, as he had done at other times, to obtain from me an acknowledgment that I considered him innocent. At various times when I would not give that acknowledgment he became much excited, as he did also on this occasion. His firmness never left him for one moment, and indeed •I think it seemed to increase as his last hour drew near. I engaged with him in prayer, reading the Scriptures, and religious conversation, he still continuing to assert his innocence. After I had been with him a little time this morning he said, Will you promise me to write to my father and sign your name, and I will sign my name ?' I did as he requested, and while writing he seized a penholder and pushed it into his mouth, saying vehemently, ' I will kill myself ; I will push off the palate.' There was only one officer in the cell with us at the time, and he did not at first observe what was done, but on my calling out the pen was snatched from him. He then threw himself down, and knocked his head against the wall. My own idea was that he did it on purpose. It seenied to me as if he wanted to kill himself. After trying to knock him self against the wall he fell down and swooned away,when the officers threw water into his face, and after some time he recovered. This was just before leaving his cell. Hand cuffs were then put on him. He asked several times to have them off, but the under-sheriff would not allow it, as he considered them necessary for the protection of myself and those about him. On the Monday when I left him he had asked me to come to-day and be with him on the scaf fold, and I promised him I would do so. As he was leaving his cell with two officers he called out to me, as I happened not to be close to him at the moment, and asked me in Ger man to walk alongside of him. He proceeded to the pinioning-room protesting his innocence all the way. On reaching the pinioning-room he pulled me aside and asked me if I did not believe in his innocence, and he also asked the chaplain and Dr. Manning the same question. Dr. Manning told him he could not believe it, and implored him to make confession of his guilt, and the chaplain, the under sheriff, and myself also urged him to confess. He was then led out from the pinioning-room by two officers, and as he passed out turned and asked that I might walk by his side. He said in German, Come with me, Dr. Cappel.' I walked with hini - on to the drop, and there he said more than once in German, in a loud voice, I had no hand in it ; I die an innocent death.' He then said, Tell me, tell me when the last moment arrives.' I said, ' Now, this is the last moment,' and as I spoke the drop fell. Last Monday ho had asked me particularly about Muller's execution, and wanted to know the exact time when he confessed. I told him 'At the last moment.' This (Thursday) morning he said, Thatlast man that was executed here did not confess till the last.' I said, You are mistaken.' I asked the officer in the cell about it, and he confirmed my statement, and Kohl, in reply, said, ' Oh, oh !' " THE REPRESENTATION OF PRESTON.-011 Thurs day a few gentlemen from Preston waited upon the Hon. Frederick Arthur Stanley, at' Knowsley, with a re quisition, signed by between 1,500 and 1,600 of the electors of that borough, soliciting him to stand at the next general election. The Hon. Mr. Stanley, without a moment's hesitation, expressed his willingness to comply with the request of the electors. Mr. Stanle3iwill be nominated with Sir Thomas G. Hesketh, Bart., the present Conservative member. Mr. Grenfell, the present Liberal member, re tires ; and the Liberals bring forward Mr. George Melly, of Liverpool, a gentleman who offered himself in 1862, and was defeated by Sir T. G. Hesketh, on the retirement of Mr. Cross. There is not a shadow of doubt that the two Conservatives will be elected-1, 300 would give a candi date a majority, but as the requisition is signed by between 1,500 and 1,600 the next election is virtually decided.— ('j OUrt tiritib r - . HER MAJESTY. OSBORNE, Jan. V• The Queen took an airing yesterday Inc't nii3 „ gi e and again in the afternoon, accompanied by Princess of Wales and Princess Helena. -. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Plc'_ t h e ir d'Aumale leave Belvoir Castle to-day, on conclu ding visit to the Duke of Rutland. The Duke of Rutland has been entertaining: large party of visitors during the week at Belvoir CaS'T's to meet their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Puche'h d'Aumale, and dancing parties have taken p lace and each night. Among the company present were the Earl Joh n Countess of Wilton, Lord Lyons, Lord and Lady Pay Manners, Lord and Lady George Manners, Mr. and L T, :d E. Drummond, Mr. and Hon. Mrs. Welby, Mr. ife l Adeliza Norman, Sir Edwin Landseer, Sir J. fi r.l ue 'T Mrs. Ashley Maude and Miss Maude, Mr. DruminOu' and Mrs. Listle and Miss Listle, &c. at The Duchess (Dowager) of Athole has arriirv the St. George's Hotel from Dunkeld, Perthshire. or , The Marquis of Hastings, Lord Methuen, pia)▪ • General and Hon. Mrs. Stuart, and Hon. Colone l and '- Berkeley have left the St. George's Hotel. The Earl of Derby is expected to arrive residence in St. James's-square, on Thursday or F ▪ -ii next for the season. In all probability the countess vriri remain at Knowsley for a few weeks after the noble 011, arrival in London. His lordship, as leader of the Couser i tive party in the House of Lords, will en t er t a in a nur e f r° o l 6 circle of his political friends at dinner on the e ve 04 opening of the parliamentary session. The Earl Granville, Lord President of t he Council, will give a banquet on Monday, the Gth Pr c)%il n i l at his house in Bruton-street. In addition to the t 4 4 Privy Seal and other members of the Cabinet, rear peers have been invited to dine on the,occasion. ,„, Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston left (170 bridge House, yesterday, for Brocket Hall, ge ls ' „ ie r lordship has issued invitations for a full-dress parlla.l,4 tary dinner on the 6th of the ensuing month, at Calabri; House, when the Speaker of the House of Connu° lls ' of mover and seconder of the address, and a large numbe' the noble premier's political friends will dine there. nt , Lord Willoughby de Eresby is in a very lane able condition, and fears are now entertained as to hi '-wo ship's ultimate recovery. The report last evening rather favourable. Lady Emily Peel is gradually regaining l ieg v and strength, and in all probability will be able to exorcise in a week or two. MR. SIMS REEVES' ODD ACCIDENT, last 11( ' - i might have been very serious in its results. As it O s ' 1 0 prevented him from appearing at the Sacred Ilarnl° l3ic ° 0 Friday. The great tenor, it appears, according to . Orchestra, was idly twitching his eye-glass, which is 5i359 pended at the end of a piece of elastic, when the g suddenly escaped his fingers and, breaking, gruel'Nv r, severely in tho eye. We are happy in adding , 1 1 °,: that the mischief is now repaired, save and except a sy ' l' scar by way of souvenir. INVISIBLE RAYS OF THE ELECTRIC LOW Y ; We are so accustomed to associate the wor d or with the idea of light, that the term dark, o r invisi' e obscure rays, stimulates the imagination by it s string t ali And such is more particularly the case when we are is that the major portion of the radiation of the sun its-if of this invisible character. This great discovery vr-„s 1 nounced sixty-five years ago by Sir William g ersv- li e ; Permitting a sun-beam to pass through a glass P 14°1111 4 3, formed the coloured spectrum of the solar ligh t ' carrying a small thermometer through its N lir-°'l f (l ' colours, he determined their heating power. ll° ` ° ...cl; this power to augment gradually from the violet t o the but he also found, to his surprise, that the calorific gen. did not terminate where the visible spectrum °A/310 Placing his thermometer in the dark space ber 3il ",li t , red, he found the heating power there to be gre ater "" 1 :1 in any part of the visible spectrum. Sir William g E ' rs f c ,:s concluded from his experiments that besides thoSe which, acting separately upon the retina, produce ti le °e ,., - sation of colour, and the sum of which constitutes our dinary sunshine, a vast outflow of perfectly invisible 111);.. proceeds from the sun ; and that, measured by their ing power, the strength or energy of these invisible ral , greater than that of all the visible rays taken togetiler.- The Reader. ro for THE STREETS OF POMPEII.—The streets 11- to the most part straight, and run at right, a ll g l° ,it one another ; they are not wide, many of thera n °t p an ting of the passage of more than one chariot at a 11111- ,' a pt probably these were not much used, taking into n e ` - e the small extent of the city (only three-quarters of a "' I I : , in length and half a mile in width), though the deer': worn ruts in the stones would seem to indicate the e° : trary. The roadway is composed of huge polygo nal m ° `l; of lava, from 9 to 18in. in diameter, and 9in. in de pth, fitted together; the stones were worked in a wedge °11!;11, so that they spanned the roadway like a vault, e' stone resembling the voussoir of an arch. All the str,ceera have pavements for foot passengers, even those Iv' chariots could not pass, consisting of curb stones of stov e with the pavement composed of bits of marble alla the set in cement, the where rubbed fiat ; in places Wi le :pea curb-stones have broken away they have been c11 ; g tecit together with iron. These foot pavements ar e e'eis g er sometimes more than a foot above the roadway ; s 9 posed that the latter, in times of rain (which v ei all heavily in these countries), became a kind of sewe r ' ryv d the streets are slightly inclined one way or the other; this supposition seems well founded, because ther ° _,,, eX vo" everywhere huge stepping-stones from paveme nt to r ment, the wheels of the carriages, and the horses (al iv two), passing on either side of the stone. The still which the solid refuse of the city was carried away t s bee n a mystery, scarcely any traces of sewers having of found. Mazois gives us a drawing of one, the p osition vie d which ho does not state; but it seems only to have s°°st. to carry the waters from the street under the walls t° , 0 s 1 side the town. It is just possible that the street° -803 have been the only sewers, as they are still in sone t,° the in the east. Though traces of aqueducts are found fipti country around, it is not known with any great from whence Pompeii was so plentifully supplie d r of water, there being no wells. A very large nunr o ter leaden and earthenware pipes have been found, the °ore of which supplied the numerous fountains 'WW I ', o f placed in all the principal streets. They consiste' wet cistern formed of blocks of lava, cramped together cilia iron, the water falling into them through a pip e one of the back stones of the cistern, which rises fill than the rest.—Mr . R. P. Spiers in the Building Ne es ' 4 0' THE BOARD OF TRADE AND THE LIFEBOAT '-acji. VICE.—The Board of Trade has given £2 5 t O t he of the widows of the two lifeboat men who were lost on t he 24th of November, when the Stanley steamship an c rr schooner Friendship were lost on Tynemouth 1 "; on Each of the men who manned the Constance l ifeboa' that night have been paid £5 by the National LifeWactilo° t o committee, and the Board of Trade has 'presented 'l' u se each of the Coastguard officers who were so much °):.,Ast on the rocks at Tynemouth in the gales of the latte r *w et of November. The Tynemouth Relief CO-mmittee, cl is ' I ,le from the donations of the Board of Trade, has made provision for the widows and orphans of the two lost ' c if , boat men, who will be in comparatively comfort:xi/1:i, cumstances for the rest of their lives. A Volunteer Lig y ve Brigade has been established in North Shields a nd mouth to co-operate with the Coastguard in cases °' wreck in attempts which may made to rescue sea lol ' passengers from the stranded ships. About 100 y013.,..g ill °f have joined the corps. By an order from the iE :e- Dir Trade, Capt. Manby's apparatus for saving life front "or wreck will be furnished to every training ship in cantile ports, and the Naval Reserve Volunteers "",0 drilled and exercised on board these ships in ti le 11' them. A SPECIMEN OF STEEL ROLLING. To th e ;I n I t competition in iron rolling, excited by the recelrola an " iron letter" from Pennsylvania, we have 11°Ti h t° o oe 4 l an interesting note on the degree of thinness to wi lic- r can be rolled cold. The samples we have seen Ave r ! .: 1 11 0 ' at Mr. Gillott's works, and as one gentleman fe l . kr " e 0. 4 0: interest in the matter, he sent some of them tO % e t& Holtzapffel and Co., to be measured by their Inier°:'9eg guage, and received the following reply : Sir,—We beg to acknowledge the receipt ot " t ell • letter of the 10th instant, and also three sheets °f which you inform us are rolled cold. We have °31:Loh!'10 measured the three sheets of steel, and find the in cl thickness to be 1-1800th part of the English stan dal' 111 , 1 ' In other words, 1800 sheets piled upon each oti ° collectively measure an inch in thickness. %,,,P,,et3 decimally, the average thickness of the three s"`' you' .00055, and the differences in thickness vary fr °l ': o .00053 to .00057. The thinnest tissue paper we 1.1 % 0 11- n able to purchase at the stationers' shops meas°l:l,. 1200th of an inch, or decimally . 00083 of an inch. " 0 tr, the pleasure to remain, faithfully yours, Holaziall, Co.-23d Jan., 1865."—These samples of cold-r°l:ece, 1,1" steel show very fine holes, and have a porous stn -j t h A ° still are perfectly smooth and easy to write on , yid ge e- , porosity can only be seen when they are held 11 P t , ° ;1 1 ; fi ve light. It is believed that steel may be rolled when other experiments are made.—Birminghant p05,,,;1066 MODERATE.—According to the Indere" Beige, of the 24th inst, the works of the N e i g House has been interrupted by an accident. It r pails' discovered that a corner of the Grande Hote l, on te e 1) , 1 3 ° 0' yard des Capucines, will mark the facade of then evr f 0 ing. Overtures have been made to the proPri et3 , ll p o ore ir°l ,l hotel, which is known to be in the hands of "''s the with a view of removing the offensive portion °' 100 0 ) ' of buildings in the way, and he has demanded /3.° sum than twenty-four million frano.--,Builder• Che SB lea ith THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, X Th the gl exceii Ai builio Met( At tq e F. ttq jv D; D, D, 4 4 , t ii t4 b, ks 4e , 1:1 1 , ° ttl vb), ri_ D, D; D, b, 11111 14 1 1 4 t!t