The Sun. — London, England, 1866-05-11 00:00:00

'OPUS and ROBERTS have numerou s fern unfurnished i s hed and f urn ished 'I OWN, uour ban, aid ouutry ItE E sIDN tlEs t. LET or SEL • : iculd.r4 upon applimation forwarded ter two stamps upon s ci on requirements and rentli. Offices, 2. Conduit street, Key Museum. and south Kensington, facing the Museum. SOUTII KENSO GTON, HYDE-PARK, Queen's, and Rutland Gates, Queen's -gate and Peters ham Terraces, Queen's -gate, Cornwall, Princes and Beaufort S-ardens, 11.1vaston-place, Cromwell-ro Onslow and T h urloe squares, Boltons, dic. Messrs TOPLIS and ROBE tiTS have RE -1 OEN CES to SELL and LET in these and surrounding South Offices, 2, Conduit-street, Regent-street, and South Kensington, facing the Museum. In the Matter of the Companies Act, 1862, and of OVER END, GURNEY, and COMPANY (limited). NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That a riaITION for the WI:sDIN 4-UP of the above- Lamed Company by the Court of Chancery, was on the llth da of May, 1866, presented to the Master of the R ,lls, by glenry Edmund Gurney, of Lorubaial-street, in the City of London, Esq and others, Directors diree said Com pany, and that the said Petition is cted to be heard before his lordship, the Master of the, Rolls, on Tuesday, the 28th day of May, 1866, and any creditor, the making of an order for the winding up of the the time pally, under the above Act, should appear at _ f hearing by himself or his Counsel for thaurpose and a copy of the petition will be furnish d tango creditor o contributory of the said Company requiring the same, by the undersigned, on payment of the regulated charge for the same. YOUNG, JONES, ROBERTS, and HALE, 2, St. Mildred's-court, Poultry, London, Solicitors for the Petitioners. CRYSTAL PALACE.—MUSICAL ARRA NGEM!.NTS at the GREAT FLOWER SHOW TO-MORROW : P a lace open at lO.O Flower :how 12.0 till 6. 0 Orchestral Band ...... ............. ...... ....... 1.0 O C o ld s tr e am Band C o mbtoed Bands on Great Orchestra ihith Solos I 4.0 by Mr. Levy, Mr. Phasey , Sto . .......... . • • 5' 0 Great Organ Admission, lialf-a-Guinea ; Game,. Season Tickets free. The seats on the Great Orchestra, affording accommodation for upwards of 4,00 , ', will be open to via tors. front of the The Band of the First Life Guards will play in Lawn of Rockhills. Nom—Should the weather prove at all unf avourable the latter Military Ba,,d will be stationed in the Tropical De pa-tm nt, thus forming a promenade, under cover, the whole length of the Palace. CRYSTAL PALACE. FLOWER SHOW at SEVEN SHILLIN ,S a d sari o CE at the Exeter Hall Office up to SEVEN o'clock THIS EVENING. Admission To-morrow, lIIIf-a-Guines. TTHEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.- z iole Lessee and Mansger, Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, A ROMANI IC A r rAf 1131ENT : Dir. Compton, Mr. W. Farrell ; Miss Ada Cavendish. After which. TiiE FA VOUitl TE Ole FUJI UNE : Messrs. Fo bern, Buelc.4tone, Chippendal-, Rogers, (to. ; Mesdames Chippeudale, Saville, Moore, Fitzwilliam, Hill, Lindley, 4co. Co.iolnding with A DAU iHTER £0 MARRY : Mr. W. Farren and Iliss mien Howari. Commence at Seven. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATR E.- Under the bole Management of Mr. Fechter THIS EVIiNING, A DAY Al. TER I HE WEDDING. Mellerd. Borsmau, Fitzpatrick, Clifford ; Mrs. foramen, to. To conclude with Shakspere's Tragedy of IT AMLE C. Jor- Mr. Fechter; Messrs. Emery, Adais on, W iadicomn, Vezin. dan, leitzpatricK, foreman, Moreland, Westland, Gwynette nd C , 3lorton, Clifford; Mesdames Elsworthy, itenrade, a. Leclervi. Box Office open daily from Eleven till Five. NEW THEATRE-ROYA B. A W DELPIII So l e Proprietor and Manager, Mr. ebster. THIS EVENING-, at 7 precisely (sth time), anew Brame- Comedy, in Four Acts, entitled 'FRE F a t' FAMILE. Messrs J. L. Toole, Paul Bedford, R Phillips. Ashley Nburne ; Mrs. Alred slellon (MI ss Woolgar), sllss Ashley , Miss Furtado, Muss Smitn (her 6th appearance), Miss Sea: man, Muss Godsalt, and Mrs. H. Lewis. To co , elude with CRYING JENNY AND LAUGHING JOHNNY. Messrs. J. L. Toole, IV. H. Eburne ; Mrs. A. Mellon and Miss Furtado. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, A LUCKY HIT. Messrs. J. G. Shore, H. Mellon. and Miss K. Rodgers. Alter which, at a quarter to Eight, THE STREETS OF LOA DON. Messrs. Vining. T. Mead, D. Murray. Shore, Villiers ; Mrs. H. Marson, Mill! R. Barnett. and Miss K. Rodgers. IOYAL STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress, Hrs. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, at Seven o'clock, PER TION. After which win be produced a grand Easter Burlesque, PARIS ; or, Vive Le cnpiere : Mes4rs. Stoyle, I horne, Jame: , Mesdames A. Swanborougb, Itaynham, Simpson. Johnstone, Ranoe, and bolt To conclude with DEAF AS A POST : Mr. Belford. SADLER'S WELLS THEATRE.- Under the Management of Mr. W. H. C. Nation. Mr. W. H. C. Nation has much pleasure in announcing that, in consequence of the Decided f.ucc. PS attet.ding the production of DOT, it will be repeated Every Evening until further nonce. THIS EVENING, 18th night of Mr. Dion Boueicault's beautiful t rrana of DOT. Meesrs. T. Swinbounae and Bel more ; Miss Ada Dya-.. New a ,:enery, dresses, and appoint ments Cemalluit...., 25th night,of J L.cA' i g y eur v ir i e m eg , Burl sque of 'MON. MI 'ea wlnin i- i I MPi Ispet h, A. flarlan:l. and lietty Tracey ; Messrs. Belmore. and F. Baraby. Commence at Seven. Acting .►tanager. 31r. NYE CHART. THE "SUN" NEWSPAPER.- G. R. GLENIE, Sporting Library, 4, Connaught terrace, Edzware-road, is specially appointed AGr.l.4 t to deliver the LATE EDITION of "THE SUN " at the earlie.t po'sible moment after teaving the i ress He Is able to deliver copies in Town, I he Suburbs, and in many parts of the Country at a comparatively early hour the same ,vening, say 4u miles by 9 o'clock. THE "SUN" NEWSPAPER.- G. R. GLENit; delivers t' e I,A E EDITION at Chelsea, 7.10; Kilburn, 8; Starch-green, 8; Woolwich, 7.30; Uxbridge, 9.20 ; Walford. 8.45. . J IHE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " suppited, as coon as published every Evening, by ALEXANDER (late BROOKS), Newspaper Agent. 21, Old Cavendisti—areet, Oxford-street. THE LAST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied as soon as Published. containing all the I'EST N EWS awl S2O it'FIN u INTELLIGENCE, by 11. W. II .1. ItILI6, Nen @paper Agent, 4., Illackiriars-road. London, S. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN." J. HO! BALES begs to inform his friends, and the put:hie generally, that he supplies the LAThST EUITI , N 01 IHE SUN" as soon as published —No. 16, Hampstead road, N.W. QPORTING.—JOHN ROBERTS supplies the k_7l LAT,' ST EDI I'ION of " blIN" as soot' as d. BAth-strtet, City-road, E.C. THE NEW DERBY RACE GLASS, price 505., with sting east- complete. Will show distinctly the entire race from "t he start" to the "coming in." uarantced the cheapest and beat; lass ;a new model, ever offered to the public Sent carriage tree to any par, of the king•uom. Post otli.,e orders payable to W•LLIA3I CALLAGHAN, Opt'c'an, 23A, New Bond-street, W. (corner of Conduit-street). Sola Agent for the celebrated Ope. a, Race, and Field Glas.res made by Voigtlander, V.cnna. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. __._------ --- Tuts DAN.-31orni=kg, 9h. 50m.—Afternoon, 10h. 30m. Ta - Nlonnow.-Morning, 114. 3nl.—Afternoon, 11h. 35m. vs, = LONDON, FRIDAY, MAY 11, 1866. bankruptcy laws in general. The committee recom mended its abolition, a recommendation which the Attorney-General heartly concurred in. He should have been glad, he said, to have found a general concurrence of opinion on this subject, but he found to his regret that a considerable portion of the mercantile community still cling to the last fragments of the old and barbarous law. The gain, however, to the creditor, if gain there is, is neutralised by the debtor's power to make himself bankrupt, and the evidence of Mr. Commissioner HOLYROYD before the Com mittee showed that the consequence of the retention of imprisonment for debt on final process had been to multiply petitions for adjudication in bankruptcy in cases where there were no assets. By the Government bill imprisonment for debt is to be abolished altogether ; at the same time it is provided that no debter shall be permitted voluntarily to make himself a bankrupt. Some gentlemen, Mr. MOFFATT among them, hold that there should be no discharge at all in bankruptcy ; but Sir R. PALMER, with great good sense and justice, showed such reasoning was unfair and impolitic. The whole of the Attorney-General's speech showed not only that he was fully conversant with his subject, but that he was prepared to deal with it in a tem- perate and enlightened spirit, weighing the claims of debtor and creditor with true judicial impar- tiality, and anxious to legislate in accordance with those principles of equity and sound commercial morality which are the mainsprings of an English trade. The Government Bill has, no doubt, its de fects and shortcomings, which may be considerably amended in its progress through committee, but it - - is at least a step forward, and will, we hope, inaugu- rate an entire reformation of the system. The Constitutionnel has published an article on the Treaties of 1815, in which it contradicts the assertion of M. DE GIRARDII , T, that " the speech at Auxerre will resound in Europe like a cannon shot." It is true, as here stated, that the EMPEROR'S opinion about the Treaties has long been well known ; that, notwithstanding this, any reference to them in a deprecatory manner by one in the position of Louis NAPOLEON was certain to cause anxiety and give rise to speculation. There is more reason in the next argument of the Constitutionnel, to the effect that the Auxerre speech did not point to the encourage ment of the BISMARCK policy. France could gain nothing by the triumph of the Berlin Government in securing to themselves the authority in Germany and the possession of the Elbe Duchies. Another reason, only it is unlikely that the EMPEROR should favour their interests, is that the Prussian policy has been most distasteful to France for some time nAstt_ Thi sympaithiPs of the French 'rum,o ca.tvan gl g enlisted on the side of Denmark, and no opportu nity was lost for expressing their opinion at the outrageous conduct of Prussia. The Vienna papers put forth a statement to the effectthat negociations have been entered into between Austria and France, which will entirely change the present aspect of pub lic affairs, as the consequence will be that Austria will be relieved from the heavy burden of carrying on a war in the north and south at once. If this report should prove to be correct, Prussia will be placed in a very awkward position, and find it a difficult task to carry on hostilities. Af ffairs have progressed so rapidly in military manceuvres that the question asked is not whe ther there will be war, but when it will take place. Austria is steadily.;pursuing her course, and nurturing her plans, and in all directions the conscription is going on through her dominions. It is said that the Imperial Government have resolved upon convening the Holstein Diet, in case of Prussia finally refusing their proposal as to the set tlement of the Duchies. The Provincial Diets of the Empire are also likely soon to be concerned. The semi-official Austrian press affirm that the celebrated Auxerre speech was directed against Prussia in connection with the protest against the Treaties of 1815, and that all the relations between France and Austria are of the most satisfactory kind. This opinion coincides with that expressed by the Constitutionnel, and also tallies with the assertion of an understanding being arrived at be tween Austria and France. It is again rumoured that the Ambassadors of Austria and Prussia will be removed from the respective capitals, and the repetition' of this announcement looks ominous. We should not be at all surprised if these representatives were speedily recalled, for many signs of approaching hostilities, and the conduct of Italy alone, is sufficient to stir up tumults. The Italians are burning for war, without any very ap parent cause, it is true, but not the less are they eager and impetuous for the contest. The conse quences will be very disastrous in the long run, and already the work of conscription, so extensively carried on, is exhausting the resources of the king dom with respect to labour. The Bill which the Attorney-General brought under the notice of the House of Commons last evening deals with a matter of considerable impor tance. It has long been generally admitted that our Bankruptcy administration required a thorough reorganisation and amendment. The cumbrous and costly machinery by which it has been maintained has failed to work efficiently ; and while sinecures have abounded neither the interests of the debtor nor of the credito r torney , Bill have been properly cared for. The At -Geller '' • right al is certainly one step in the direction, b enough ; it is an it does not go far a partial on , ; itl,' improvement, but only professes, i n d ee d, to re duce judicial i n t erfere • a weep away the official as: t? a minimum, and to i guees, messengers, ushers, and all their train, but it leaNe, the Registrarship untouched, and thus Registrarship th ti e n c n nn a ni nc i e tte o e f the who moved well-salaried sinecures. :Sir. Il a .r that the bill be referred to strongly expressed his regret at the teuder manner e, which it dealt with the present official machinery,latte in and its failure to carry out the whole of the e endations of th e committee. The y r ee4)rn m rn mended an entire abolition of the whole system of bank ruptcy ; , 4 and if," added Mr. MOrFATT, " there were one thing mo re clear than another, it was that the existing system had excited the contempt and disgust of the mercantile community by the delay, uncertainty, and malversation which pervaded the proceedings in bankruptcy." The committee recommended the abolition of the existing y - stern and the adoption of the Scotch system, with a single Court_of, appeal, pre- Vienna is not behind hand in excitement, and the feeling in favour of war is testified by the cir cumstance that a committee of merchants intend to place a large sum of money in the hands of the Government in the event of war breaking out. Nothing is more significant of the future course of Prussia than her dealings with the Federal Diet. The latest news is that she has made known to them that she will consider the " imperative requirements of her self preservation" more important than her relations with the Confederation ; and furthermore insults e th n e d m an b g y er saying its s that they oppose Federal laws, and members i ns tead of securing their posi tion. We never expe c t e d that much heed would be paid to the the self-willed statesm an remonstrancweshoof p t u h r s e u D e a i e t h b i y e infatuated course at Berlin ; but ki oppeernl7 sfew thought it likely that he woninsult an institution of national importance. We must admit th a t th ere i s n o subterfuge in the pre sent policy of Herr BISMARK. His acts speak as plainly as they can, and make manifest to all that the course of the King's Government is fixed, and that no considerations of honour, no inducements of reason, and no respect for popular opinion will suffice to stay them i n th e signs. The d emeanour execution of their de of the Midile States of Germany is another infallible test o' the warlike tendency of affairs, All these . 'ar e • MLciPalities are .--.....-------.....e.....a,.........,..-----..a50N0.--'' sided over by a Chief Judge, a ssisted by arming, and that with a determination and energy which show they are in earnest, and co ns id er th e ir one or two registrars. But the pre sent measure goes very far beyond such rigid si m p licity. It re- ,nositi , pn to be precarious. We find that the reign tains a formidable array of officials, inc l u di n g the img Sovereigns of Wurtembur g , H esse D arms t a dt, ushers, whose fees make their salaries amount to Na 2 sau, and Baden, w ith Pl en i po t en ti ar i es f rom £BOO or £9OO a year. The evi dence before the corn- five : other German States, held a conference on the mittee was unfavourable to several of the commis- 8t a instant, for the purpose of deciding upon the sioners, and this Mr. MoFFxrr cited among his ci , ancentration of their respective contingents, and reasons for referring the bill to a select committee, .settling upon the strategic positions that it will be a motion which be afterwards withdrew on the most desirable for them to take up. The Bava nAt the same time, althoug h several rian Diet is to be co nv ok e d, i n order that it heocno.d n a f ou nd some fault with parti- may vote a credit fo r extraordinary mili sireednabineg. members cu i a r clauses, and although, .as we have said, it tary expenses, and nearly all the men does not go far enough, it received on the whole eligible for military service have been called a fair amount of support. It will, no doubt, be out. No one who is at all versed in military possible to improve it considerably in committee, affairs can deny that there is every reason for fear and it will at all events abolish a great grievance' on the part of these States. Neither of the two imprisonment for debt. On this point the great German Powers is at all likely to respect them, Attorney-General spoke strongly, and he and the notion of neutrality we know was corn showed at some length the evil influence pletely ignored by Prussia at the commencement of • which the law of improvement had e • xercised on the the disunions which have led to these unfortunate results. Austria has put herself so forward in her military preparations that it seems she entertains no doubt of a satisfactory settle ment of affairs. The rumour now afloat that Austria will consent to give up Venice shows the peculiar state of things. If it should turn out true, it would be far the best thing that Austria has done for years, and could not fail to strengthen her Government considerably. Altogether the aspect of things abroad is sufficiently alarming, and it is no exaggeration to say that those concerned in the struggle, both directly and indirectly, are now so well prepared that at any moment war may be de clared. Indeed the excitement has become so great in various directions that nothing short of open hostilities will satisfy the expectations of some or allaying the irritation of others ; besides so many ambitions projects are depending for realisation on the chances of war. It is unfortunately proverbial that a debate on Indian affairs speedily empties the House, and cer tainly Mr. S3IOLLETT'S experience last evening does not tend to contradict the theory. :Yet the question which he brought under notice was one of no slight importance, and one which not only affects our Anglo-Indian subjects, but our own commercial classes as well. The cotton supply is not happily so momentous a question at the present moment as it was a few years back, but it is still a matter of much consequence, and therefore Mr. SmoLLETr's motion in reference to the effect of the present con dition of land tenure in Bombay and Madras on the supply of cotton might well have been expected to ex cite a little more interest. Mr. S3IOLLETT objected very strongly to the existing system, and declared that by it the peasantry, on whom the production of cotton depended, were reduced to the condition of serfs. The chief point of which Mr. S3IOLLETT complains is the great subdivision of the soil in the south and west of India ; yet Mr. STANSFELD, in his reply, showed that there is a good deal to be said in its favour. In some degree the change which Mr. SMOLLETT wishes to introduce will be brought about by the permanent settlement system, which will tend to accumulate the holdings in fewer hands. Mr. SmoLLETT in his speech failed to do justice to the great benefit which all classes in India are likely to derive from the pub lic works now being carried on—the road-making, the construction of canals, the extension of the sys tem of irrigation, &c. The poorer classes will profit by these undertakings as well as those above them, since the improvement of the soil must tend to enrich the cultivator as well as the owner. We cannot legislate for India piecemeal, and it would be very imprudent to attempt a sudden and violent change in a system which on the whole - works well, and to which the people have become accustomed. The concentration system advocated by Mr. SMOLLETT would give rise to a great deal of injustice towards many of those small occupiers of whose number he complains, and would lead to litigation, of which Indians are already too fond. Mr. SMOLLETT was apparently satisfied with the opportunity of stating his case, for he subse quently withdrew his motion, without having by any means established the necessity or advisability for the comprehensive change which he recommends. CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, Thursday Evening. The illoniteur does not contain a word of news respecting Germany, but it publishes a private letter from I lorence, dated May 6, which gives some par ticulars of interest relative to Italy. The letter, evidently from a writer of influence, states that most of the Italian cities present a scene of move ment and agitation which recalls to recollection the aspect they exhibited in 1859 and 1860. The an nouncement of an approaching war, uncertain as the event may be, has excited the national mind. In the southern provinces, at Naples and at Palermo, the troops who march towards the frontier of the ex The hi b f i e t e s l i i n ts g e l i f n n t e h v e e r n t h o r e l t e h s , s a b l y t h t o h t e i north are greeted w i t h ent h us i astic acclamations. o h n r e e e t s o t f r a m i n a e n d y , g e h ur m o volunteers. Turin and Milan appear to be the cities which have furnished the greatest numbers. The Government, on its part, takes very active measures, and sends in mass towards the Po the greater portion of the military forces, divided into four corps d'arinC,.e, whose head-quarters will be established at Plaisance, Lodi, Cremona, and Bologna. The two Parliamentary Chambers have relieved the Government from the administrative or financial difficulties with which it might meet in accomplishing a national task, by authorising it, unanimously (with one exception in each Chamber), to provide for the necessities of the situation by a simple decree. The most important exceptional measures which these necessities have up to this time required are the forced circulation of the notes of the National Bank and the loan of 250 millions, which the Bank in return consents , to grant to the Government at one and a half per cent. A corps of volunteers is to be raised. In spite of these warlike measures, it is still affirmed that diplomacy will prevail with the Court at Vienna, and that by a Congress, or some other means, war will be averted. All the armaments and military precautions have not yet led to any act of provoca tion on either side. Austria, after having strongly fortified all her military positions, seems to assume an expectant attitude. As to Italy, she feels too strongly the responsibility she would incur were she to take the initiative in any act of aggression, to commit any act of imprudence. The declarations of M. Rouher, in the name of the French Govern ment in the Legislative Body, will contribute to calm feverish impatience. The statesmen of Italy, and the great mass of the Italian people, however, rely more upon themselves than upon such declarations. The gravity of the position is not to be concealed, but, nevertheless, it is not so threatening as most of the foreign journals represent it to be, and it may be considered that all fears of an outbreak of hosti lities between Italy and Austria are suspended for an indefinite time, unless the firing should com mence on the side of Germany. In spite of the answer of Mr. Layard in the House of Commons, some of the Paris papers still cling to the idea that there will be a Congress to discuss the differences between Austria and Prussia. The Siecle says :—" The report of a Congress has had extensive circulation for a week past. On the sth of May the Cologne Ga z ette said t h at the idea of a general European Congress was believed in the d best-informed circles , an that England and Russia of carrying it into effect, w ere earnestly desirous and that the proposition had not been badly re "un of the $1412* day ceived at the Tuileries. The THE SC N, .LONDUN, FRIDAY EVEINING, MAY 11, 1866. confirmed the news. The Patric also states that Colonel Schweinitz, military attaché of Prussia at St. Petersburg, had been the bearer of a letter to King William from the Czar of a very conciliatory character, and favourable to the assembly of a Congress." On the other hand, the Invalide Russe, the Rus sian official organ, opposes the notion of a Congress, on theground that the passions of the people are at present too much excited in Austria. The Gazette de Breslau, of the sth inst., says it has heard from a sure source that an order to prepare for war reached the 6th corps d'armee on the pre vious night. The Patrie seems to have a stronger belief in the report respecting the Congress than the other papers, and remarks that, although Mr. Layard denied that England had made a proposition for such an assembly, yet this did not exclude the idea that some steps had been taken with a view to this result, and that the English Government had taken " some steps." In further illustration of its belief in the possibility of a Congress, the Patrie says it thinks it right to publish the report of the conversa tion between Earl Cadogan and Earl Clarendon, which it received "by means of The Sun, at the same time as the telegraphic despatch reached it." A letter from Berlin states that the man who attempted to assassinate M. Bismark is not the son of the refugee Charles Blind in London, formerly editor of the Nouvelle Gazette Rhenane of Cologne. M. Blind is a man of 40, and has no children. The real name of the assassin is not yet discovered. A lady who travelled from Fontainbleau to Paris on Tuesday gave birth to a son in the railway car riage. On arriving at the station at Paris she was well enough to request one of the railway officials to accompany herself and child to her residence at Gros Caillon. Queen's Concert Rooms. One of the most pleasant musical entertainments of the week was the " Pianoforte Recital," by Miss Agnes Zim mermann, at the Hanover-square Rooms, on Thursday afternoon. This young, but already distinguished, pianists acquitted herself splendidly in the four pieces which she played, comprising Beethoven's yell-known Sonata in A flat, and Schubert's in A miner. This last, as also Reinecke's Variations on a theme by Handel, struck us as peculiarly piquant, and the execution and feeling with which they wore performed fully brought out their charac teristic beauties. The concert ccncluded with a sequence of short pieces by Bach, Schumann, and Moscheles, all of them full of brightness and interest. Tke most inveterate " Anti-Schumaunite" would have admitted the melo diousness of the morceau here presented. The instrumental performances were varied by three songs, pleasingly sung by Miss Whytock, one of these being by the fair pianists herself—for Mis s Zimmermann is not only a player, but a composer, both of vocal and instrumental music of no moan order. We remember when some of these were per formed at concerts of the Royal Academy how much we were pleased with them. We trust that at her future concerts Miss Zimmermann will favour us with more of her new compositions. The next recital is an nounced for May 24, and we invite our musical readers to avail themselves of this opportunity. They will, we think, agree with us that among the many distinguished players, both English and foreign, who grace our concerts at the present season, Miss Zimmermann holds a place in the very highest ranks. Terrible Adventure in a Cave. The Indianapolis Herald of the 12th of April contains a letter written at Lavenworth on the Bth inst., in which an account of an exploration of the celebrated " peal Man's Cave," situated near Leavenworth, is given. It contains several thrilling incide n ts. The exploring party consisted of Major Throckmorton, of Louisville ; Captain Holcraft, Sheriff Swayne, Dr. E. R. Hawn, and Lyman E. Knapp, of this place ; Mr. Jesse Brandon, of Nashville ; and the Herald Correspondent. The party proceeded to the sub terranean river, which flows through the cave, when, says the Correspondent, "a consultation was had on the bank, to determine whether an attempt should be made to cross it in its present swollen condition. Mr. Knapp, myself and Sheriff Swayne, suggested an abandonment of the expe dition, but were overruled by Dr. Hawn, Major Throck morton, Capt. Holcraft, and Mr. Brandon, who, while ad mitting the danger of the attempt, declared they would rather perish than abandon the expedition now, and stand the ridicule which such a movement would entail upon their heads. The boat was accordingly launched, and Capt. Holcraft, Dr. Hawn, and myself entered, the doc tor playfully romarkinu that some men who were destined to die another death could never be drowned. We found the passage much easier than we expected. Capt. Holcraft took the oars, while I grasped the tiller, and the doctor held aloft the flambeau. A few vigorous strokes, and, with a sensation of relief, we felt the keel grate upon the peebles of a sloping bank on the other shore, in still and quiet water. A lusty cheer from the doctor made the cavern ring, and informed the rest of the party that the passage had been safely accomplished. Captain Holcraft then re turned, and soon brought over the remainder of the party. Continuing the exploration, the party came to a place where was discovered a deep circular hole, apparently almost bot tomless. Stones dropped into its gaping mouth would be heard sullenly plunging from side to side, until the noise of their descent was lost in the abyss below. Mr. Knapp being the lightest of the party, was let down by a strong cord a distance of some 30 yards, when he vigorously signifiedthat he had seen enough by jerking the rope. He was drawn up, looking a trifle paler than usual, and declaring that his curiosity had been amply satisfied, Mr. Knapp said that, after descending a distance of 15 or 20 feet, numerous winged things, apparently bats, flitted constantly about his ears, viciously snapping their mandibles together with a devilish sort of twitter. One of these, cold, clammy, and inexpres sibly nasty, alighted on his face and inflicted a severe bite. Mr. Knapp nearly fainted with disgust, and declared that if o h ( become oe q na u do i yf t e tpo s a rl. t e i Ha s v fi a e e w d f no w ,r t i d t ha h ey s pl i g ag i h h. t t ty - , the ropo had not been tied und er hi s arms h e would have seeing p th f when h l e e nn undergroundupon e r e t y earnest h a vi n were gs was persuaded to continue the explorations a little beyond, when the most painful portion of the story commences. The party entered a new cavern, which suddenly narrowed. Mr. Knapp, going first, passed through the opening on his hands and knees, and entered another large chamber. Dr. Hawn, who is a very heavy man, attempted to follow, and became inextricably axed in the passage. He could neither go forward nor back. For three hours the party worked incessantly, but all to no purpose. We sent back to the river and got the iron stakes with which the boat had been fastened, to use as a crowbar. With this the doctor might have ben extricated, but here a new calamity manifested itself. One by one the lamps had burned out, until barely enough oil was left to light us on our way back to the river. The thought of being imprisoned in that living tomb was too terrible to be endured, for we knew that, without light, we could never find our way back. A panic seized upon the party, and hastily leaving the doctor and Mr. Knapp to their fate—for the doctor's body blocked up the way against Mr. Knapp's return —we rapidly retraced our steps, crossed the river and returned to the town. A supply of oil, tools, ecc., were procured, and although fatigued almost to the point of disability, we returned to the cave, determined to rescue our comrades, or perish in the attempt. The river was crossed, and we proceeded to the grand chamber where we had taken our lunch, accom panied by numerous citizens of Leavenworth. But, search as closely as we could, we could not find the gallery in which the doctor and Mr. Knapp were entombed. In vain we explored and shouted, until worn out and fainting. All to no purpose. Nearly three days have passed since we first entered the cave, and during all that time it has been full of people uselessly hunting for the two unfortunate men. One after another of the various galleries leading from the grand chamber have been explored and blazed with chalk-marks, but still the missing men cannot be found. We are begin ning to lose heart, but will persevere as long as there is the faintest hope. The guide of the Mammoth Cave, in Ken tucky, has been sent for to assist in the search. I shall remain here a day or two longer, to do what little I can, and will inform you if the men or their bodies are found." Mr. Knapp has since been found. He wandered about the cavern, and was at last fortunate enouglt to find an opening in an old sink-hole, where he was found by a hunter, 56 hours after he was left by the party in the cavern. Dr. Hawn had not been discovered at last accounts. CRYSTAL PALACE.--The great Flower Show of the season takes place to-morrow, when the gardens of Rockhills (the residence of the late Sir Joseph Paxton) will be thrown open to visitors. On this occasion the tro pical department, in addition to the naves and transept, will be made available for the show, thus forming a covered promenade the whole length of the palace. Should the weather prove at all unfavourable the military bands will play inside the palace. OPENING OF A DRINKING FOUNTAI/I IN THE CITY —A very beautiful public drinking fpuntain which has been erected as a memorial to communicate the gifts of the benefactors to the parishes of St. Lawrence Jewry and St. Mary Magdalene, Milk-street, for the ase of the inha bitants, was opened yesterday with some ceremony. The memorial has been erected in the open space on tho west side of Guildhall -yard, between the church of St. Lawrence, Old Jewry, and the office of the City law officers, and forms quite an ornament and a structure of much ,nterest to that immediate neighbourhood. Divine service having been performed at 12 o'clock in the church, the vicar, accompa nied by the churchwardens and other parochial officers, proceeded to open the foruitain. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAM.) ITALY. FLORENCE, MAY 11. A modification of the Ministry is about to take place. General La Marmora will receive a military com mand. The Minister of Finance has presented his Budget for .1867 in the Chamber of Deputies. The Florence papers regard war as inevitable. AUSTRIA AND PRUSSIA. CARLSRUHE, MAY 11. The official Karlsruher Zeitung publishes a letter announcing that Count Bismarck has declared to Count Karolyi, the Austrian Ambassador at Berlin, that he would only accept a solution of the question of the Duchies from a German Parliament. BAVARIA. MUNICH, MAY n . The Bavarian Government has, in consideration of the serious state of political affairs, ordered the immediate mobilisation of the entire Bavarian army. The Chambers have been convoked for the 22nd instant. THE PRINCIPALITIES. BUCHAREST, MAY 10. Signor Visconti Venosta, the new Italian Ambas sador to the Sublime Porte was received with enthu siastic demonstrations on his journey through the Principalities to his post at Constantinople. The Municipalities of Giurgevo, Ibraila, and Galatz presented him with addresses expressing their sympathies with Italian unity. Signor Visconti Venosta replied, thanking them in the name of Italy. NEW SOUTH WALES. SYDNEY, MARCH 20. Great excitement has prevailed in Parliament on the State-aid (Free-trade) question. The debate on the subject has been adjourned after lasting 20 hours. It is expected that Parliament will be prorogued. Banquet at the Mansion• House. -a Last evening, according to custom, the Lord Mayor and the Lady Mayoress entertained her Majesty's Judges and many of the more distinguished members of the Bar at dinner at the Mansion-house. Among the guests, nearly 300 in number, were Lord Chief Justice Erle, Mr. Baron Bramwell, Mr. Justice Keating, Mr. Justice Shoe, Mr. Justice Lush, with their ladies ; Right Hon. Spencer Wal pole, M.P., and Mrs. Walpole, Sir Harry Verney, M.P., the Queen's Advocate and Lady Philimore, Hon. George Denman, M.P., Sir Thomas Henry, Lord and Lady Bury, Hon. G. W. Lewis, M.P., Sir Thos. Fremantle, Mr. Locke King, M.P., Hon. G. C. Norton, Gen. Sir W. J. Codrington, C. 8., Lieut.-General Sir Edward Cust, K.C.H., Lieutenant- General Sir John Pennefather, K.C.8., Vice-Admiral Codrington, C. 8., Sir George Bowyer, M.P., Sir John Simeon, M.P., Sir Patrick O'Brien, M.P., Sergeants Bal lantine, Payne, Simon, Pulling, Atkinson, and Robinson, Mr. Bovill, M.P., and Mrs. Bovill, Mr. Childers, M.P., and Mrs. Childers, Mr. Thomas Hughes, M.P., Mr. Scholefield, M.P., Colonel Sykes, Colonel French, M.P., Lieut.-Colonel Loyd Lindsay, M.P., and Hon. Mrs. Loyd Lindsay, Mr. R. W. Kennard and Mrs. Kennard, Mr. R. N. Philipps, Mr. Shirley Brookes, Mr. Beresford Hope, M.P., and Lady Mil dred Hope, Mr. Tite, M.P , and Mrs. Tite, Mr. Dyke, M.P., Capt. Jolliffe, M.P., Mr. Wyld, M.P., Mr. O'Beirne Mr. Forsyth, Q.C., Mr. and Mrs. George Moore, the High Sheriff of Kent and Mrs. Farmer Bailey, Mr. H. Pownall, Mr. R. N. Fowler, Mr. C. H. Mills, Colonel and Lady Har riett Warde, Mr. and Mrs. Theodore Martin, Mr. Kemshead, Mr. Mullons, the Metropolitan magistrates, Mr. W. Leaf, Mr. W. L. Leaf, Mr. and Mrs. E. Levy, Mr. P. Rolt, Mr. Gas,iott, the Master of the Blacksmith's Company ; Mr. and Mrs. Barnet, Mr. Henry and Mr. Geo. Phillips ; Mr. and Mrs. Allcroft, Mr. L. Cohen, Mr. and Mrs. H. Smith, Mr. and Mrs. S. W. Block, Mr. and Mrs. Hawes, Mr. W. Ashhurst, Mr. Horne, Major Snell, Mr. and Mrs. Penny, Mr. R. Dawson, M.P., and the Hon. Mrs. Dawson ; the members of the Court of Aldermen and the Sheriffs, with their ladies. The Lord Mayor and the Lady Mayoress received the guests as they arrived in the saloon, and at 7 o'clock the company sat down to dinner, which was served in the Egyptian Hall. On the removal of the cloth the customary loyal toasts were given from the chair. The Loup Revolt, in proposing the toast of "the Army, Navy, and Volunteers," said when they found a Minister of the Crown stating that there was at this moment a million of armed men in Europe it made them feel, they knew not how soon, the brave army of England might be called ou to maintain its honour and dignity; but he hoped he might be permitted to express a hope that the sword of England would never be drawn but to defend her national honour. Gen. Sir W. Codrington acknowledged the compliment on behalf of the Army, Vice-Admiral Codrington spoke for the Navy, and Viscount Bury for the-Volunteers. The LORD MAYOR then rose to propose the toast of the evening. Speaking of " the majesty of the law," he said, in its independent, impartial, and merciful administration it afforded security to rich and poor, gave strength to the weak, courage to the timid, hope to the down-trodden, and consolation and protection to all. Among the many privi leges of the chief magistrate of the city, he knew none more congenial than that of receiving her Majesty's judges within those walls. It was an ancient and honoured custom, and he hoped it would be a perpetual one. He gave "Her Ma jesty's Judges," coupling with it the name of Lord Chief Justice Erle, whom he designated as one of the most able, learned, independent, and impartial members of the judicial body. The toast was drunk with acclamation. Lord Chief Justice ERLE, in acknowledging the compli ment, said he was happy to be able to reciprocate most cor dially all the expressions the Lord Mayor had been pleased to use towards the judicial body. They were thankful for their kind reception at that hospitable board, for the noble words he had addressedto themin reference to their duties, and for extending his invitation to the ladies who accom panied them there, and whose presence enhanced their sa tisfaction. For the judges of the land, whom he had the happiness to know so well, he felt great admiration. He believed there never was a body of men whodevotedthem selves with more untiring energy to the discharge of their duties, to administer the laws firmly, but beneficially, and to promote the permanent welfare of their country. He believed too there never was a country in which the people enjoyed important rights in such calm and comfortable security under the protection of the law. The judges knew that their exertions would bo useless if the laws did not live in the affections of the people. He had great satisfaction in refer ring to the magistrates of the corporation of London and to the officers in its high departments, and he looked back to all his official intercourse with them with high respect and with grateful feelings. Mr. WALPOLE, M.P., speaking to the toast of " the House of Commons," which had been proposed from the chair, said it was the oldest, wisest, and greatest representative assembly ever known in the world, and it afforded the greatest satisfaction to be complimented by the represen tative of the oldest mercantile community the world had ever known. There were three eircumstances connected with the occasion which characterised at once the glory, the greatness, and the confidence of England, and those were commercial industry, judicial independence, and political freedom. With respect to that commercial industry he trusted it would continue to flourieh in this city as it had always flourished for centuries and centuries unimpaired— perhaps he might be permitted to say, in these times of troublous doubt and anxiety, unimpaired by reckless specu lation—(hear, hear)—and still more unimpaired by still more reckless ambition and war. (Cheers.) He trusted, whatever might be the result of passing events, the City of London, with its great mercantile interests, would never wear a more lowering aspect than it did now. Of the judicial independence of the Bench he spoke with perfect confidence, but the extensive learning, the cultivated in telligence, the high-minded integrity which had always characterised the administration of justice in this country would not be lessened in the hands of those able Judges who now sat at the table of the Lord Mayor. With re spect to the last point he trod, perhaps, on delicate ground. They all knew that in one sense the House of Commons was at this moment on its trial, but he had such confidence in the good sense of that house and, of the country that he firmly believed it would come out of that trial, as it hcd come out of former trials ; that they would find, whatever might be the result of the changes it was now likely to pass through, it would still be the true exponent of the feelings and wishes of an intelligent people, bound to that people by the closest ties of sympathy and interest, and determined to promote the public welfare, and that the future career of that great assembly would be as distin guished as that which had immortalised its past history. (Cheers.) The Lord Mayor then gave " The Bar of England," to which Sir Robert Phillimore, the Queen's Advocate, re sponded. The " Health of the Lord Mayor," at the instance of Lord Chief Justice Erie, was drunk with great cor diality; and that of the Lady Mayoress having been pro posed by Mr. Baron Bramwell in graceful terms, the com e Pall Separated about 11 siclvck• LAW INTELLIGENCE _(This Day). SHOREDITCH COUNTY COURT. (Before Mr. Dasent.) EXTRAORDINARY AND DARING FRAUD.-A LEGAL PUZZLE. COCKERELL V. GARRETT. This was an action in trover to recover the value of certain goods in the possession of the defendant, and the facts of the case disclosed one of the most extraordinary and daring systems of fraud ever brought to light. Mr. Coles appeared for the plaintiff, a glass and china dealer, of Spitalfields ; Mr. Horace Earle, representing de fendant, who is an auctioneer, of 195, Hackney-road. It appeared that a short time ago a person named Gardner, who was a stranger to the plaintiff, called at the shop and selected articles to the extent of nearly £lO. He desired that the goods should be sent to 155, Hackney road, with a bill and receipt, and he would pay for them either by a cheque or in cash. Indeed, he went so far as to ask plaintiff which he would prefer, a cheque or the cash, to which plaintiff replied "cash," but if a cheque was intended it must not be crossed. It was arranged that the goods should be at 155, Hackney-road, by half past three in the afternoon, and plaintiff's man started with them in a truck. He could not find No. 155, and as he was looking about him, Gardner came up and said that he was behind his time. Plaintiff's man replied that he could not find 155, whereupon Gardner said, "I did not give that number. I gave 195." The truck was then drawn up to 195, and Gardner walked into the house as if it belonged to him. He directed the man with the truck to unload the goods, and asked him for the receipted invoice. While the man was unloading the goods, Gardner took a small fancy musical box, and remarking that he was just going to cross the road in order to put it in the window of a toy-shop opposite, walked away. After being about a minute in the toy-shop, he came out, recrossed the road, and suddenly disappeared, neither the plaintiff nor defendant hearing or seeing anything of him to this day. The plaintiff's man waited patiently for some time, and then walked into the house, and asked for Mr. Gardner. The servant told him he knew no such person, and subsequently defendant told the man that he had advanced £3 15s. upon the goods to Gardner, who had coolly represented himself as a manu facturer requiring assistance. When plaintiff heard where the goods were he applied for them, and upon defendant's refusal to give them up brought this action. It was urged on the part of the plaintiff that a person was entitled to sue the holder of stolen property, even sup posing that he had taken no steps to find out the thief ; but Mr. Earle contended that in this case the property was not stolen, as there had been an absolute sale to Gardner, who even now held the bill and receipt. His Honour said that no doubt Gardner had been morally guilty of a fraud upon both plaintiff and defendant, for which one or both would have to pay. Gardner appeared to be a person who had closely studied how far he could go with impunity, and he just went to the extreme point and there stopped. His Honour had no hesitation in saying that there were some unprincipled men who knew more of the law governing cases of this kind than any judge in the land, and tradesmen could not be too careful in their dealings with strangers. Looking at all the facts of the case, he thought the loss ought to be divided, neither side to have any costs. Mr. Wilson, the registrar, directed that the hearing fee should be returned, and the order then stood that plaintiff was to have back his goods upon paying £1 17s. 6d., or half the amount defendant advanced to the absent Mr. Gardner. POLICE INTELLIGENCE.—This Day. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. • A BRACE OF SCOUNDRELS.—George Bennett and James Smith, two well-dressed fellows, were charged before Mr. Knox with the following disorderly conduct : Police-constable Wood, 202 C, said that about half-past one that morning he saw the two prisoners rush out of the urinal in Vine-street, fighting, and Bennett tried to strike the other with a stick. He then took them into custody. Inspector Harrison said he believed Gordon, 33 C, could throw a little light on the case. Gordon said the prisoners belonged to a gang of men who frequented urinals for the purpose of extorting money from gentlemen. He believed that they had got some money from a gentleman, and could not agree about the division of it. Inspector Harrison said there had been numerous com plaints of persons of the prisoners class. The stick found on Bennett was handed to the magis trate, and was found to be loaded at one end. Mr. Knox said he should require the prisoners to find a surety of £5O each to keep the peace for three months. ESTMINSTER. THE BEGINNING OF CRlME.—Sydnoy Bennett alias Walker, a youth of 17, was charged with stealing two waistcoats, value £1 175., the goods of John James Pur chase, his master. Mr. Purchase said he was an upholsterer carrying on business at 249 and 253, King's-road, Chelsea, and resided at Chiswick. The prisoner had been in his employ two weeks, and decamped last Wednesday. Two waistcoats that had been safe last Saturday were missed on Wednes day, simultaneously with the prisoner's disappearance. He saw nothing of the prisoner till this morning in custody The waistcoats produced were his property. Joseph Wooderoof, assistant to Mr. Amherst, pawn broker, 105, King's-road, proved that last Wednesday pri soner pledged the waistcoats for 7s. in the name of Waller Thomas Rowe, 113 T, said he apprehended prisoner at half-past 12 o'clock, on Thursday night, in Cremurne Gardens. He at first said he knew nothing of the robbery, and Oen, after hesitating a little, said he had got the ticket and would give it to witness, if he would make it all right with Mr. Purchase. Witness said that was nothing to do with him, and then the ticket was given him. Nearly Os. was found on him. Prisoner, who had nothing to say, was remanded till Thursday. THAMES. HORRIBLE REVENGE OF A WlFE.—Charlotte Harriet Holland, a drunken and dissipated woman, too well known in this court, was brought before Mr. Partridge charged with thrusting a red hot iron into her husband's left eye and destroying the sight thereof. Richard Holland, a lighterman, of No. 3, James-street, Cannon-street-road, St. George-in-the-East, said the pri soner was his wife, and the mother of his six children. Yesterday she attended at that court to answer a summons for assaulting his sister. She did not appear when the case was called on, and a warrant was granted for her apprehen sion. He returned home in the afternoon, after a hard day's work, and his wife began to abuse him, and she said, "You —, I'll do for you." She took a piece of red hot iron out of the fire, and while he was passing across the room unsus picious of her intentions, she took the iron out of the fire and thrust it into his eye. It stuck there until he pulled it out, and he burnt his hand in doing so, and then put the iron into a washing-basin and cooled it. He ran down to the street and called for the police. Mr. Partridge—Was she drunk ? Witness—l don't think she was sober? Mr. Partridge—What caused her to commit this horrible act ? Witness—Bnause I came here as. a witness for my sister yesterday. I had not been on bad terms with my wife. In cross-examination by the prisoner the witness said he had lived away from her for some time. He did not say to her sister yesterday "I have just left your - mistress," or any words of the kind. William Hutt, a carpenter, lived in the house where the Hollands were dwelling. The prisoner was a regular nuisance ; a most savage, depraved woman, with a bad tongue. She once set the house on fire. He saw the pro secutor come down stairs with his eye bleeding. The prosecutor was a quiet man. Two written warnings had been given to the-Hollands to leave the house. The pri soner disregarded both. William Card, 385 K, took the prisoner into custody. He found the room where the deed was committed covered with blood. Mr. Partridge committed the prisoner for trial, and directed the constable to summon the surgeon who dressed the wound to give evidence at the sessions. He should commit the prisoner to the Central Criminal Court. He had no doubt of the prisoner's guilt. It was a most shock ing case, the worst he had ever heard, and he hoped the prisoner would meet with the punishment her savage con duct so richly merited. AN AMERICAN STORY.—The Chicago Tribune pub lishes the following extraordinary story, under date Fre dericton, New Brunswick, April 7 :—" Among the visitors in the town is the Earl of Aberdeen, nephew of the Go vernor of the province. He has recently succeeded to his title and estates, and is now travelling for pleasure ; but he seems to seek that pleasure under tha most curious cir cumstances. Last Saturday the ship Pomona arrived at St. John's after a very rough passage of 60 days from Liver pool or London. On her arrival in the harbour a number of distinguished gentlemen went on board to meet the Earl of Aberdeen, who, they wore informed by letters, was a passenger. Their inquiries of the captain as to the pre sence of such a distinguished compagnon du voyage wore, of course, met with a look of astonishment ; but they were not long in discovering his lordship among the sailors in the fore-hold, where he was dividing his clothes among, and presenting gold pieces to, each of his late comrades. Having bid them a most affectionate farewell, he joined the party who came in quest of him, went ashore, came up here in the horrible mail coach in a most unassuming man ner, and is now the guest of his uncle at the Government house. When a few days out, the Pomona was compelled by stress of weather to put back to Queenstown, when the earl humbly entreated the captain to put ashore. But the captain held him to his articles of shipment, and his lordship was forced to serve out his time as a sailor for 60 days. This is not the only ono of his freaks in search of adventure. A few years ago he came to this country, and for some time lived and worked, incog., among the lumber.. men in the backwoods. He has a penchant for adventure 151141 500122/4 incurable"--solerttan. f ar rtO ' 4l ‘ ((SU HER MAJESTY• WINDSOR CASTLE, Thursday. The Queen drove in the grounds yesterday after noon, attended by Lady Churchill ; a nd went out walking this morning, accompanied by Pr i nc ess Helena. Princess Louise and Princess Beatr ice went out driving. Her Royal Highness Princess Helena, attended by the Hon. Lady Biddulph, went to Twickenharad yesterday afternoon, and visited th e Duke ail Duchess d'Aurnale. Lord and Lady Wodehouse arrived at the Castle Lord astle yesterday, and had the honour of dining with Queen and Royal Family. Lady Holland had the honour of an interview with her Majesty this afternoon. -- The Prince and Princess of wales. The Prince of Wales visited the studio of the United Association of Photography yesterday co The Prince of Wales, accompanied by Fr ill Alfred, rode out on horseback. • The Princess of Wales took a carriage drive ' at tended by the Hon. Mrs. A. llardinge. In the evening their royal highness es went t° her Majesty's Theatre. The Coal Question. (From a Cdent of T tou Several hundreds of e t orrespon ousands of the years since since a 2,000 millions of tons of coal were stored und er the Vila/ of Great Britain, but the existence of coal w as a matter of little more than curiosity until about five centuries re the present . About two time centuries since the woods became e xhausted' and the coal rose in importance, but for another centu; the g eg f its recovery being only effected by horse-power , part of the store was inaccessible, and the exhaustion the workable coal was generally regarded as ine relY :s question of but a few years, and its consumption 11 principally limited to its substitution for fuel for hetise hold purposes. But when the exhaustion of the recoverable coal lc . a! ean l () ; expected the discovery of steam power and it s a p Ol the drainage and winning and the ventilation of ini ees a a ll - open what appeared to be inexhaustible resources, a n- r apprehensions were set at rest for 100 ears. at jr. Hull demonstrated that, owing to the increasing Ile a " t mines, as they descend towards the interior of the ea',. - o i f would be difficult to work the coal beyond a dePt u 4,000 ft., and recently that limit of 4,000 ft. ha! been n e of connected with the principle that the exhanat.°l-ot coal will progress in a geometrical ratio for the be. . t 100 years at the rate at which it has progressed t.OO in 1961 the years 1854 and 1861, and the cons co 1961 will exceed 2,000 millions of tons of el) " the limit each of 4,000 to feet that will e e x n h s a u u e s taihoonu about o the coalyear d 2 o ; A ; 00 an stated that the quantity of workable coal -00 f the ee within , of the surface is 86,000 millions of tons, an d °j il t t at annual consumption in 1861 was 83 millions, s ° but that that rate the coal would last nearly a thousand y ear th e that the consumption may be expected to increa se a the rate of 31-- per cent. in each year, making i n 19 annual consumption 2,670 millions of tons. ;n polo ° ~ The truth of this theory depends upon tw o be —the one, that 4,000 feet will a hundred years he n " the the extreme depth at which coal will be worloth10; 61 is a other, that the rate of increase between 18 54 and 19 fair rate to assume throughout the next 100 ye ars. ain ly On the first point it may be said thatthe question t e r° o f turns on the possibility of introducing the tetuP era op t : l ) at the surface (or any temperature under 80 degte'-,the depth of 4,000 feet, and that it is difficult to deo be limit of the power of science when it has occasion ti°,ti4 directed to that particular point. But the s econd fa which capable of being tested by the consideration of the 'a which it is based. savir Agreeing to 83 millions of tons as the annual e° ' in •t tion, it is necessary first to divide the total qua-Lry otewA i the separate objects of consumption to which it is and, although there pxe no means for its accurate al an approximate division will be sufficient. a to The consumption for household purpose s is asslinaillios be a ton for each unit of the population —say, 4;ivolvti of tons a year ; and the theory we are considering se al that the consumption of coal for househol d purposesotri be in 1961 576 millions of tons, and that , as the ee r - a the will be neither hotter nor colder, and coals will Af f° lll - oion a o s same m Tt warmth h eheeEnieixtßritish hs ni t o soil e e:,i c wt h e im p l l e ibrsseo thean l , s t oc h os e n7corre spond o. i n f g coal P o p ... b t way ou travelling, amounting at the present time t ° 'a five millions of tons for 10,000 miles of railway Wheitrbiof Great Britain. The theory involves that the 11033 - 9 61 tons supposed to be consumed for this purpose 'ziPlis will be 120 millions of tons; so that either the r aP a T at must extend within Great Britain to 24 times their P, t lre• length, or the train services must be 24 times:the' pre' sent number, or both compounded must involv e crease of the aggregate consumption. ben t The present consumption in the iron trade is 3 pa' millions of tons of coal, operating to produce and : n folfe e late 41 millions of tons of pig iron, and the theory urpo e that the quantity of coal consumed in 1961 for this 2 4 Tphreesseen three present meeak objects j of pig employii-on. more than hal f of .--e tots will be 472 millions of tons, which would produce 2' is i the consumption, and it may b e ass umed that the °th e f th is employed e in trade pu r p oses , an d that an extensiell of latter quantity to 24 ti mes it s presen t a mount in Luc increase of trade, and c onsequen tly of wea lth, t° r Da p A tan 24 its present amount. ccor h ding to times the rate of increase established 11 t o " 6 -1. caw; lation retur ns , th e t ota l amount o f po pulation in 1 ' f coa l not exceed 90 milli ons , i nvo l v i n g a consumptions ei co o al e , soP e household purposes of the same numbe r of ton o t for that there is a discrepancy between the result of. {be so of the increase of consumption of coal of 480 Milli° or five-sixths of the total assumed consumption• f co al Few perso ns w ill cons id er that the consumptioil °root for railway transit can more than double its 00 3 amount, so that there will be a discrepancy und er tb ,,:gura eci A of 110 million tons, or more than five-sixths of th e t ioa e " consumption. The only one of the three above-ee 10 of items of which the amount is not limited is th i e t 7 a r l; iron. This would involve an increase of poPu' 3-I° ,,pd, ' st b ° 0 ployod in that trade from 60,000 to 1,444,000 ; ~obes e ' ' may be added, that the coal miners mu pondingly increased in number from 25°'.,,00 0 c rei 6,000,000 persons. The same proportionate 1-- otb e f must take place in the persons engaged i ll ; c oa l ' trades dependent on the consumption si Taking only three trades—cotton, wool, and d to 1 " t he at 500,000 persons, their number must be increase millions, irrespective of a corresponding increase onir persons engaged in the trades connected with those carcelar' 1 factures. The expected increase in the consumption c`/-:weicilo be admitted without further consideration. If' ho any one should believe in an annual consumptiont -4.10 t s' millions of tons of coal in 1961, we would sugge„4, e 5 should calculate and explain the propor tion NOT ia th o f. tional debt of 800 millions o f money would un%sjtli circumstances bear to the population an d to rho vi de vell; Great Britain. The increase of population, ti le , U o O h o went of railway transit, and the extension of, the m - fo r t" and of our trade generally, afield special teas °/19 recent increase in the consumption of coal. Scraps from Punch. 00 10 „L A a r` T u r E a E va T ii n ie A u N r sLA a Tiox. or Hugo, in his tch ii35 ,7fi1l anent of torture s7.ret name to give it, to be sure ! Ima • e la Mer mentions a Sco - dr ew called ”le bugpipe." What ,,t1003, a mention of "le hoppy cleide." sitting in his b vivAaill-nuArs.2" bu gg y, and playing on his bug- PV • pis some foreign w • 1, of writer next may make us thin.- - 00 1° Tu Vi s7l MOTTO FOR ti n b Imagine a Scotch grierhatiP; THE DUMB ASYLUM— *-11- But we Oa: It is held ' m good society that a gentleman wh ° 0 1 00' from associates is a prig, take chaff his to say n o holrte, u A ld ec ch m a E ff N o T u .— r fOriuernfdriienutdo the.on Sittyarboisfot or: ivirr.iiiiiisepoolo; done with him. Here goes a • i lia a report a %oat° ing at which the Pancras Gua g rd a i l a n n . s vainly e odosll n o f I°l.l wriggie off the nail with which the Archbisba ; be SO; has fastened them to their dirty workhouse Wa ll '„ 00°, makes a Mr. George move that on the death of sii,J rw a tv the"Ulhe resident medical officer be immediately ihl,e°ry, pc/ . curse in charge of the ward." Th is is bad a rl N Sl'l a misprint, and had we read it in roof we shoul- OO Stet. Perhaps Cuss would have been less peda l ci ,,,o i; cline American. But the word is a good one, a t ' 41 th ill r , line to think that a good many inmates a w ods '4,bis r"; it preferable to the word which was intended' Tessioli t) „ mark giv e s us a ur crs- Peg on which to hang 0 f the r 61 1,1 De thanks to the Archbishop for his castigation 0 - so ul- .. Guardians ludicrous but that the subject excites indiguati than mirth. vic 10 °9 MEET."—An T M ., ,o—DEARAN Ultra-ritualist ILLUSTRATION r O u F n T n ii i n E g 1 7 i ll i p 0 :s o. l3 rist :a l Ll 3 ' k-el.. ---- - - est„cl3l sho A w l s EA t T ha A t N i D n EBnAgßlaLnEdY.FasAt year rurn iSgl ed 1 __wig of at 3s. 40; 2,362,909 bushels in Scotland to the ',.. m oo f were charged with duty to th4e4,1a6n83;0:46 b,,ol:;t99°Uf £319,007 4s. 8-1,-d. ; and 2,414,960 in Ireland t 0 th: ot ity 0 of X 327,311 17s. Oid. In the same year the q 2,1 S barley imported into the United iiingdorn 105 quarters. x• 7^.'