The Sun. — London, England, 1866-03-17 00:00:00

THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.- Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING, KING LEA.R: Mr. Phelps ; Messrs. H. Marston, Barrett, A. Raynor, E. Phelps, Barsby, Har court, Mclntyre, Meagreson ; Mrs. Herman Veziu, Miss Atkinson, Mibs E. Weston, &a Atter which, the Pantomime, LITTLE KING PIPPIN ; or, Harlequin Fortunatus and the Magic Purse and Wishing Cap. Commence at 7. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.- Sole Lessee and Mansger, Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, TILE OVERLAND ROUTE: Messrs. Buck-,t one, Compton, ChippendalP, W. Farren, Rogers, esdames Gor don, Braid, Chu k. Weatherst,y, White, Coe, &c.; M Snowdon, 11111, Wright, Coleman, Moore, &c. After which (for the last week but one), ORPHEUS IN THE 11A tMA Eli KT. Messrs. W. Parren, Fisher, Bartle man, Wealliersby, &c ; Mesdames Keeley, Snowden, Mooree, Lindley, Wcolgar, Howard , Wrig ht, Coleman, Lovell, Pr vvt, &C. Commence at Seven. ROYAL LYCEUM TREATRE.- Under the sole Management of Mr. Fechter. TIIIS EVENING, THE ILLUSTRIOUS STRANGER Mr. D. Widdicorab. After which. THE MASTER. OF RAVENSWOOD. Mr. F.chter ; Messrs. Jordan, Emery. Widdicomb, Vezin, J. H. Fitzpatrioir, D. Evans ; triesdames Ternan, Eisworthy, Lavenu, and C. Leclercq. en daily from Eleven till Fiv e. Box Office op No performance during Passion Week. NEW THEATRE -ROYAL ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Dlr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING. at 7, a new farce called PIPKIN'S RUSTIC RETREAT. M essrs. J. L. Toole and P. Bedford. After which, at 8, RIP VAN WINKLE. Rfp(his 188th appearance), Mr. Jefferson, supported by Messrs. Billington Be df o rd, R Phillips, I'elix Rogers, Ashley, kburne, Smith; Mrs. Biliingtor, &c. To conclude with IIERIND TIME. Messrs. J . L. L Toole, R Phillips. Eburne. C . J. Smith ; Miss A. Seaman, &c. -ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, A GHOST IN SPITE OF HIM SELF. After which, at a quarter to Eight, IT IS NEVER TOO LATE TO MEND. Characters by Messrs. Vining, T. Mel, vine, T. Mead, D. Murray, S. Calhaem, F. Villiers, J. G. Shore, G. Murray, H. Mellon, C. Seyton, R. Cathcart; Miss L. Moore and Miss Katherine Rodgers. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. sole Lessee and Manageress. Mrs. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, at Seven o'clock. a new and origi• nal Comedy, THE FLY, AND THE WEB. Messrs. Par belle and Price ; Misses Swanborough and Raynham. After which the Grand Burlesque, IVANHOE. Messrs. Stoyie, 'lhorne, James. Fenton : Mesdames Swanborough, Raynham, Simpson. Johnstone, and Hughes. To conclude with LENDING A HAND. Messrs. Belford Turner ; Misses Simpson and liu,ghes. MOSES AND SON'S E• LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 156. 157, Minories ; 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88. 89, Aldgate ; 506, 507, 508, New Oxford--street; 1,2, 3, Hart-street; 137, 138, Tottenham-court-road ; 288, Euston-road. Country Branch—Bradford, Yorkshire. MOSES AND S 0 N E• respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest fabrics are combined with :he latest and most fashionable designs, and the best workmanship. E. MOSES and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their business, and they can with confidence affirm that The prices anentuch as must satisfy the most economical. This depart is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be found a great convenience for ladies and children. T rHE SANDRLNGHAM " and " DANISH " 1 WRAPPERS (introduced oy them) are the newest and most fashionable styles of Overcoats fbr the season. READY-MADE CLOTHING for all classes and all ages. BESPOKE CLOTHING for all classes and all ages. UNIFORMS for the ARMY, NAVY, and VOLUNTEER SERVICE. LADIES' RIDING HABITS. LIVERIES. THE celebrated " INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, from 30s. HOSIERY and DRAPERY for all classes and all ages. H ATS and CAPS for all classes and all ages. B OOTS and SHOES for all classes and all ages. O UTFITS for all classes, all ages, and all MOSES AND SON'S • Establishments are closed cm , / Friday evening at iuuset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until 11 o'clock. All articles aro marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article appnved of will be exchanged, or the money will be returned. .L.ist of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, " The Philosophy of Dress," gratis and post free. MOSES AND SON'S E• LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 156, 157, Minories ; 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 81, Aldgate ; 506, 507. 508, New Oxford-street ; 1. 2,3, Hart-street; 137, 138, 1 ottenham-court-road ;XB3. Euston-road. Country Branch—Bradford, Yorkshire. T " R. "SUN" NEWSPAPER. - G.GLENIE, Sporting Library, 4, Connaught terrace, Edgware-road, is specially appointed AG-101 to deliver the LATE EDITION of "THE SUN" at the earliest possible moment alter leaving the cress. lie is able to deliver copies in Town, the Suburbs, and in many parts of the Country at a comparatively early hour the same evening, fifty 40 miles by 9 o'clock. THE "SUN" NEWSPAPER.- G. R. GLRNIX delivers the LATE EDITION at Chelsea, 7.40 ; Kilburn. 8; Starch-green, 8; Woolwich, 7.30 ; Uxbridge, 9.20 ; Watford, 8.15. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE. SUN" supplied, as soon as published every Evening, by ALL. (late BROOKS), Newspaper Agent, 24, Old Cavendish-street, Oxford-street. THE LAST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied as soon as Published, containing all the LATEST NEWS and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by 11. W. HARRIS, Newspaper agent, 4, Blackfriars-road, London, S. THE LATEST EDITION of "THE SUN." J. noixEs begs to inform his friends, and the pubiie generally, that he supplies the LATEST EDITION of •• THE SUN" as soon as published —No. 16, Hampstead road, N. W. PORTING.—JOHN ROBERTS supplies the rLI LATEST EDITION of "THE SUN" as soon as pub lishcd.-4, Bath-armor, City-road, E.C. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.-11@ming, 2h. 20m.—Afternoon, 2h. 38m. TO-Molutow.-Ilonailag, 2h. 58m.—Afternoon, 3h. 16m. • • . i i z r k *:* 4 ‘..iTn* . Jab, ' 11 A7 14 : 44 '1," /17 4 1 11 11111111 k un, LONDON, SATURDAY, 3LIRCII 17, 1866. ------~-. By the last news from Jamaica we find that the Commissioners are proceeding briskly with their work, and even expect that the end of this month may see the close of their labours. So far as we can judge at this distance from the scene they ap pear to be exercising great discretion in their inves tigations, and to be taking every means to investi gate the nature of the case before them. A more difficult case than theirs can hardly be imagined, for, besides the mass of evidence before them, the witnesses who appear on the negro side are so con tradictory, and even false in their declarations. A conspicuous proof of this is afforded by the circumstance that when the Royal Commis sioners went to Morant Bay to make inquiries they took with them a woman who had related a dreadful story about the massacres by the soldiers, and upon inquiry on story thory e spot itself they ascer tained that the whole was entirely an inven tion. No doubt if it were Feasible to put many o thers of these stories to th e t est in this manner they w ould be found to be equally incredible. Unfor tunately,thi it is quite out of the q uest ion to do many instances , and therefore the C onnuissTone rs must of course exercise their own judgment as to how much they can b e lieve. They have tak en a very wise step in refusing to accede to the request of Mr. GOP,RIE and Mr. 11. PAINE tbat all their witnesses should be heard, awl Sir 11. STORKS put a stop to the arguments used, by stating that the Royal Com missioners are not a Court of Claims. No doubt this will do great service not only in expediting matters, but in rendering the remainder of the evidence more truthful, for it appears that the negroes have been under the impression that compensation would be accorded, and this notion has naturally enhanced the sensational character of the evidence. Besides their exaggeration, the Commissioners have to contend against the great ignoraneeot thenegroes,who seemincapabht at times ---:----.....-- . _ hem 01 o f understanding the questi ons put to $ by the Commissioners, or of giving answers, that l in can be comprehended in their turn. So great is the pres s of business thatto the courts m i ss i on ers have been oblige d to form two the prosecution of the inquiries. Of course, it would have been more satisfactory if the three. Commissioners could have sat together, but such an arrangement was found to be impracticable, and therefore it must be hoped that the ends of justice: will be aswell attained, as they will certainly be more speedily answered. Meanwhile we may notice as a. step in support of the Colonial authorities respect ing the nature of the outbreak, that all the " poll. tical prisoners" who have been tried before the ; Special Commission have been found guilty, and have received sentences of imprisonment from twenty days to twelve months. The proprietor of the County Union, Mr. LEIVER, has been sentenced to a twelvemonths' imprisonment for libellous arti. des against the Government. The evidence which the authorities will produce is very considerable, for Mr. WALCORT has handei. in a list of witnesses amounting to more than 100, and until these are heard it is impossible to arrive at a definite opinion of the nature of the result. Another important thing to bear in mind is that these witnesses will in all probability be reliable ones, and therefore the Commissioners will be able to arrive at a more corect notion of the circumstances to which they refer than they possibly can by the contradictory statements and exaggerated accounts they are now listening too. Much of what is now adduced before them will go for nothing when it is sifted, and so the comments of those who jump at conclusions when they peruse the various items of negro evidence, are not worth much notice. One thing that seems to be pretty certain is that GORDON RAMSAY, the late Provost Marshal, was guilty of great excesses in the prosecu tion of his work, and it is not surprising that he should have been arrested. He is charged with murder, but it is thought that the Act of Indemnity will shield him from penalty. At the same time nothingican possibly excuse his cruelties, which were more most revolting. Still it must be borne in mind that nowhere is it shown that the autho rities gave any countenance to his conduct, the enormities of which were committed without their knowledge. In some cases the bystanders interfered and appealed to higher powers, and they were always supported in their humane efforts by those whose aid they invoked. It is quite impossible that such a state of things could exist as that which has lately appeared, without great injuries, and, to some extent, injustice,resulting in isolated cases; but it is one thing for a man like RAMSAY to exceed his instructions and violate his trust, and another for it to be proved that any sanction and encouragement was accorded to him. We may conclude, indeed, that this in stance of the Provost-Marshal is the only definite case proved in which cruelties were practised, for the exaggerations and contradictions in the other alleged cases of wrong are so considerable that it is idle to suppose they can weigh with the Commission. Captain ASTWOOD'S statement differs considerably from those of other witnesses relative to the proceed ings of one of the flying columns that went through the disturbed district. As the troops went by they saw the smoke issuing from the huts burnt at Stony Gut, and the prisoners called out, " This was the place where all this was got up that brought us to this." Captain AsTwooD also declared that he was a member of a court-martial at Morant Bay that tried some of the prisoners. Perfectly regular were the proceedings of the Court. The form of oath ad ministered was that prescribed by the Military Act, and the members of the Court and the witnesses were sworn. No attention was paid to any state ments of the prisoners unless they were corrobo rated, and none were sentenced to death unless it was found that they were concerned in riots at which life was lost, or otherwise implicated in murderous attacks. The evidence of Mr. LAKE is not worth much, for he seems to be all things to all men, according as it meets the pressure of events. lie was at first, when writing to the Colonial Standard, entirely on the side of the colonial authorities, but his evidence before the Commissioners seems to be quite on the other side. No possible reliance can be placed on the judgment of a man who thus falsified his own expressions. Any one may keep silence for a time for prudential reasons, but it is quite another thing to write down accounts that are afterwards contra dicted by himself. On the whole, we may consider that much additional light has been thrown on the transactions of the outbreak, excepting- that the falsity of negro evidence has been more completely established. But the next intelligence will, no doubt, contain much more important accounts ; and it is very satisfactory to think that the Com missioners are using so much discretion in the pro secution of their task. The passage of the Navy Estimates through the House of Commons this session has been no easy matter. There has not, it is true, been an actual organised opposition, the votes for the various items having been successively agreed to, and the annual millions, however reluctantly, have been made over to the custody of the more venerable than venerated Board that presides over our naval affairs. But although the money has been actually voted, almost every item has been disputed, criticised, and exa mined, not only by professional economists, but by really competent authorities, whose censures can hardly be slighted, nor their criticisms put aside as intrusive or unwarrantable. Mr. LAIRD, who was complimented on his 're appearance in the louse, and Mr. SAMUDA are certainly formidable opponents, while Sir JOHN PAKINGTON brings his good sense and official expe rience ; while Mr. GRAVES, Mr. SEELY, and other members are always on the watch to supply any deficiencies on the part of the leaders of the attack. The hon. member for Lincoln, indeed, was jestingly accused by Sir JOHN PAKINGTON of adopting the same line of policy which placed Lord CLARENCE PAGET in his present office, but the fact is the whole construction of the Admiralty and the adminis tration of our naval affairs are very open to criticism and censure. Mr. FLEMING spoke the truth of the matter, when he said that the fluctuating character of the Admiralty was a serious evil, and he doubted whether they would be able to carry out the economics promised, unless the affairs of the navy were managed under one settled and continuous responsibility. The fact is our whole Board of Admiralty requires a thorough reconstruction. Properly qualified men should be appointed on national, not on merely political, grounds, and they s h ou ld d evo t e th emse l ves t o the public servi ce , - without regard to the requirements of party or the exigencies of office. The adminis tration of our army every adverse does not change hands with vote on a Government question, and there is certainly no apparent reason why the naval experience and capacity should accommo date itself to party pledges. Neither does it follow that the men most fitted by knowledge and ability to manage this important branch of affairs should be equally divided on both sides. The management of the navy is something more than a merely politi cal question, upon which any intelligent man, who has studied public matters, is competent to form an THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH 17, 186 .inion. It requires some special education or train g. No one supposes that the various noble lords nd hon. gentlemen who succeed each other at the Admiralty have any intention of wasting the public . money ; but it is unquestionably true that, what with the division of authority, the rival systems, the changes of plans, and the whole cumbrous and 1 veighty organisation, a great deal of money is wasted, and there is :a growing doubt as to whether the work is efficiently done. Mr. LAIRD, in speak ing of our ironclad ships, said very forcibly, that " we had got so many of these new ships built on a new principle, and involving the large outlay of over £.2,000,000, that he thought it wasthe duty of the Government to send some of them out to sea—across the Bay of Biscay, for instance—and to allow them to pass a whole winter in the Atlantic, with some of those built on the old principle, in order to enable the country to form an opinion as to whether the public money was being well expended or not in their construction." This suggestion, how ever, would be far too practical, and would submit the new vessels to too searching a test to find favour in high quarters. It is the fashion at the Admiralty to treat their favourite vessels in a sort of hot-house system, which the old fashioned men-of-war of NELSON'S days were never favoured with. The idea seems to be that it is the first object to make a good appearance to the House and the public to be able to bring forward satisfactory accounts of the trial trip when awk ward questions are asked, rather than to construct a really sea-worthy and efficient vessel. Thus, if we are to accept Mr. GRAVES'S story, the Bellerophon, " the most perfect vessel yet produced, when on her preliminarytrial, did not attain the wished-for speed, and consequently before the final trial at the mea sured mile 16ft. more funnel was added, with the intention of its removal as soon as the trial was over. Lord C. PAGET professed his ignorance of what Sir JOHN PAKINGTON termed " a discre ditable trick," but from the tone of his re marks we should imagine that he thought it not unlikely the device had been resorted to. But it is not the question whether this or that vessel by any particular builder attains a particular speed ; the point at issue is whether the large sums annually voted for our navy are efficiently laid out. " The results," said Mr. GRAVES the other evening, " had not been equal to the pro mises and expectations under which the public money has been voted ;" and he based this assertion not on the failure of any individual vessel, but on the experience of some years' careful observation. Our navy is, no doubt, in a transition state, but the very fact of the uncertainty and alteration in our position should make our naval authorities give careful and unprejudiced attention to the question in all its bearings. They should not suffer themselves to be influenced exclusively by a gentleman who, whatever his cleverness and enterprise, has cer tainly not been remarkable for his practical suc cesses. The treatment of Captain COLES is per haps an extreme, but it is certainly not an ex ceptional instance of the manner in which sug gestions from the outer world are received at head quarters. The inventor gets neither thanks nor acknowledgment ; his design is hidden away in the musty recesses of the Admiralty, until he himself, sick with hope deferred, has ceased to exert himself about it. Then it comes to the light with slight alterations, under a different name, and some favourite of the superior powers, to whom is de legated the task of adaptation or improve ment, gets the credit of the original in vention. This has not been exactly the case with Captain COLES and his turret ships, but the grievance is nearly as great. The Admiralty ad mitted that the experiment was worth a fair trial, which it has never received, and all the evasions and excuses of noble lords and honourable gentlemen will not remove the painful impression of unfair treatment from the public mind. Even now, though Captain- COLES has been reinstated, the matter is not settled. This vast unwieldy Monarch, of 5,000 tons, is not what Captain Cous has been so long and so anxiously recommending, and whether it prove a failure or a success it cannot be said to settle the disputed point. It would certainly not have demanded an extraordinary outlay to construct a small turret ship entirely on Captain COLES'S principles. The public will fully endorse Sir JOHN PAKINGTON'S opinions when he says, " I trust that i as the Admiralty have at length consented to build a sea-going ship upon the turret principle their Lordships will fairly test the invention of Captain COLES." This appears to be the feeling of the House generally, hon. members being naturally dissatisfied at voting such large sums year after year for what seems to be at best but a fair-weather fleet. CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS. (FROM OUR OWN C ORRESP ONDENT.) PARIS, Thursday Evening. As some misapprehension appears to exist rela tive to the precise objects which the Conference at Paris have to discuss, it may be well to explain that it was not summoned in consequence of any com plication in the political affairs of Europe, but simply to provide for an anticipated condition in previous Treaties in the case of the necessity for the election of a new Hospodar of Wallachia and Mol davia. The flight of Prince Couza realises exactly the eventuality to be provided for. The arrange ment was that after the reign of Prince Couza there should be a meeting of the representatives of the Powers parties to the Treaty to concert with the Porte the best plan of rendering permanent the principles then only adopted as temporary. The first point to be settled is therefore to ascertain the just and reasonable desires of Turkey. When these are made known to the Conference officially the members will proceed to consider how far the views of Turkey, in regard to the government of Wal lachia and Moldavia, are compatible with the gene ral interests of Europe. The Conference has also to decide upon another matter of importance—the regulation of the navigation of the Danube. For nine years the question has been under considera tion which of the mouths of the Danube would be the most easy to place in perfect navigability. The Powers parties to the Treaty of 1858 decided, in the course of last year, in favour of the Soulina, and the present Conference will discuss the pro priety of ratifying the decision, according to which various temporary works have been carried on there. The Journal des Debats has the following forcible remarks upon the policy and importance of the Op position :—" A portion, the great part even, of the most advanced party, in spite of the energetic and persevering efforts of M. Thiers, voted on behalf of the policy of maintaining the principle of free trade. The Opposition thought the moment opportune to show that its hostility is not systematic, and that it accepts frankly what is useful, good, just, even when the initiative in that course is taken by the Government. Thus, in the list of Opposition mem bers who voted against the amendment of M. Pouyer Queutier, having for object to re-impose a duty upon 'corn, are to be found the names of several of the leading members of that party. These honourable members thought it would not be wise to practise the maxim, too much in vogue among the French Opposition party, of times Danaos—or, all that emanates from the Govern ment is bad, and that even the good it proposes conceals a snare. The Opposition would not sanc tion the allegation that the Government is the cause of all the sufferings of the rural population. Instead of doing so, the Democratic Opposition, Which adheres to the principle of freedom of com merce, and considers it eminently prolific in pro ducing useful results, without hesitation gave its sanction to the Government." A most extraordinary but real case of confusion of identity of a dead man has just occurred at the town of Jargeau. A corpse was found in the Loire, and several persons who saw it agreed that it was the body of a man named Herteau. It was there fore interred with the accustomed formalities and weeping. Only an hour after the funeral the son of the supposed dead man went to the market, and there, to his great surprise and delight, he met his father alive and well, and in his usual good spirits. " My God, father," said the young man, " we have all just returned from your funeral, and, to prove it, here is my black cravat round my neck, and in my pocket I have a receipt for 62f. for your funeral expenses." Mutual embraces took place in spite of the costs which had been unwittingly incurred. Further researches took place, and the body of a man named Levacher was found in the Loire. Ile had fallen into the river accidentally on his return home from market late at night, and such was the re semblance between the two men that all the wit nesses unanimously identified him as Herteau. The relations of the supposed dead man claim from the representatives of the really dead one the expenses they paid for the funeral, and this knotty and un precedented point of law is likely to engage the attention of the tribunal of the department of the Loire. The Hallo, or central market, was yesterday the scene of some alarm, in consequence of the sudden appearance of an immense and ferocious cat, which ran to the adjacent corn-market, and took refuge among some sacks of flour. Many of the persons employed at the market were armed with sticks, and when the cat was dislodged it bit a man who was passing. The animal was at length killed. The man had the wound cauterized, but he is under some alarm. The cat is described as being as large and savage as a young tiger. M. Chigi, the Pope's nuncio at Paris, is about to leave for Rome ; and it is said will not return to this capital as the representative of his Holiness here. Several prelates have been named as the successor to M. Chigi, among others M. Frauchi. Baron Budborg, the Russian ambassador, has ar rived in Paris. The musical mass, the composition of the Abbe Liszt, which I have already mentioned, was exe cuted this morning at the church of St. Eustache. It was immensely successful, and the effort was very solemn, imposing, and gratifying. It was a real religious ceremony, and was most numerously at tended. The result will be very advantageous to the communal schools. Cardinal Bonnechose chanted the office, and also pronounced an eloquent allocution in behalf of the schools. The preludes on the organ were executed by Liszt himself. I reserve an appreciation of the character of this musical composition. In the Senate to-day a discussion took place upon the proposed award of a prize for the most use ful ;proposals for new applications of the power of the voltaic battery. PARIS, Friday Evening. The discussions in the Chamber still nearly fill the papers, so that there is little miscellaneous news. There was nothing in yesterday's debate to interest the English reader. The Paris journals speak of the introduction of the Reform Bill in the House of Commons, but the measure seems rather to bewilder them, and I see nothing in their re marks worth translation. The attitude of Prussia in regard to the question of the Duchies is the grave event of the day. An influential writer, M. Forcade, who views the mat ter financially and not politically, says it is so gratuitously aggressive and provocative that it does not appear possible that Prussia can maintain it much longer. She could not make war without a loan, and, to be legal, a loan must be voted by the Chamber, and this sanction M. Bismarck could not obtain. No one would subscribe to an illegal Prussian loan. A woman named Anne Merilhae died a day or two ago at Dax, in the Department of the Landes, aged 105 years. Her support was an annual pen sion from the Emperor, who expends a great deal of money from his private purse to succour those who are represented to him as deserving of bounty or urgently requiring assistance. The application of typography to telegraphy has just received a new and important impetus. M. Bonelli, who formerly required five wires to work his system, now carries it into effect with only one. Some exceedingly interesting experiments have just been made with the electric telegraph between Milan and Neufchatel, in a direct line of 670 kilometres, which prove that electro-typography has been improved to an extent which could hardly have been imagined. By this new system, whatever may be the state of insulation of the line, a despatch arealmosta y twhich performed i s of. 20 words may b e transm itt e d i n 20 secon d s. Thus by a single wi re 120 d es p a t c h es , or 1 , 400 words, may be se n t i n an h our, an d rece i ved at the various offices printed i n l eg ibl e R oman c h arac t ers. By the systems o f M osse and Hughes errors were very frequent. Wi t h the present telegraph of impossible.quite w oTherd independent c o m m a p o y s b i - e of the apparatu s , m tßeiv:ennneollithey f children . th e de s patches, A despatch of 20 composed in two mi nu t es, four compositors being required to work th e typographic machines when the transmission is so urgent as to require the ex change of three despatches per minute. It is unfortunately too true that the cholera again manifested itself in some of the provinces of France. There are still reports of its existence in Paris, but they are vague, and it is better not to make further allusion to them. The Moniteur du Calvados says—" The cholera, although every day, diminish ing in intensity, continues its mysterious progress on the right bank of the river Orne, successively in vading villages separated by great distances. Out of 18 persons residing in the village of Val-de- Laize, isolated at the base by a ravine and sur rounded by woods, seven were attacked with the disease, and five died. The rest of the residents followed the advice given them to leave it, and now the only human beings remaining in it are two old women, who, after assisting those attacked with the terrible disease, stop, as it were, to relate the sad scenes of sudden death and terrible forms of suffering of which they were witnesses. The life of man is said sometimes to hang by a thread. There are instances, as it would appear, when even a snail may save a man from death. At all events, as the Evenement records, a man has been prevented from hanging himself, in conse quence of the involuntary interference of a basket of those insects. A dealer in snails in the Rue des Canettes, took it into his head that he would commit suicide by hanging. He fixed a rope to a nail in the wall, and mounted on some baskets of snails to tie the rope round his neck. Fortunately for him, however, his weight overturned the baskets, and they made such a noise on the floor that the con cierge, who happened to be going upstairs, was alarmed, and he knocked at the door to ascertain what was the matter. Not receiving any answer, he broke it open, and was just in time to prevent the suicide. So me rea d ers ma y ask what do they want with snails. Th e f act i s th a t large quantities of them are eaten in Paris. They are now in full season. They are exposed at the window of almost every traiteur (eating and wine shop), and are devoured by many as a great luxury. They are fried in butter with parsley, and sm ell savoury. I never had the courage to eat a ny, so I cannot speak of the flavour. What is ce r t a i n , however, is that large sums are expended daily i n Paris in the snail busi ness. The march of the trade is much more rapid than that of the article composing it. The Moniteur of this evening states that the Semaphore of Marseilles having circulated a report that vessels from Alexandria had been subjected to quarantine at Malta alarm had been excited at Marseilles. The Government had immediately sent a despatch to the French Consul, who, in his reply by telegraph yesterday, stated that there was ro longer any case of cholera in Egypt, and that only one case was under treatment in the European Hospital on the 7th of March, and that since that period the public health was everywhere excellent. This morning a very cold wind was prevalent, but it ceased in the afternoon, and the weather be came warm and beautiful. At the time I close my letter the temperature is that of spring. Dur ing the afternoon people have been sitting outside the cafes and in the public promenades and gardens as if it were summer. LITERATURE. Greatheart ; by Walter Thornbury, author of "Haunted London." 3 vols. Hurst and Blackett. Mr. Walter Thornbury has made choice of a happy type for the hero of his new romance—Mr. Greatheart of the Pilgrim's Progress. " Mr. Greatheart was a strong man, and he was not afraid of a lion," neither is Arthur Tolpedden. Here is a picture of the hero in his bright, impetuous youth : The parlour door flew open, and in darted a find young fellow cf twenty, wearing a well-fitting grey uniform, the cuffs and collar scarlet. His white gloves, a little stained with powder, were tucked in his broad leather belt; and he had Lis rifle still slung over his left shoulder. Arthur Tolpedden was a fine, well-made fellow, plea sant to look on, and dangerous to encounter. There was an unquenchable vigour and life in every glance of his quick, frank brown eyes ; good humour and high courage even in the manner ho strode forward to grasp his bluff old uncle's hand, at the same moment tossing off his cap, and placing down his rifle in a safe corner. There was nothing shy or awkward about the young Cornish rifle man—his strength was without clumsiness, his self-confi dence without vanity. In his every look there was the indescribable bloom and magic of youth, and his fervid manner, and the quick and elastic versatility of his ques tions and replies, were pervaded by a sense of that bound less hope and imagination that but too soon desert us. Yet in no look nor gesture did ho betray the slightest consciousness of his own courage or talents. He was neither a book-worm nor a groom ; no one would have doubted that he rode well ahead in the hunting-field, but they might not have conjectured that he was also pas sionately fond of reading. But the great charm of his character, his bold defiant moral courage, could not have been so long concealed from a keen observer, for it was at once apparent in the manly way in which, without any foolish shame, he ran up and touched his father's forehead with his lips. There was none of that absurd affectation of cynical coldness or indifference, or that sham immovability about Arthur Tol pedden, which is the insolent characteristic of some of our modern youth. He had not yet learned to stare at his father with a sort of blank superciliousness, through an unneeded eye-glass, or to repress his own generous and warm-hearted individuality, and affect a stoicism that only age should bring, and that age has always so much reason to regret. That immovability can only be purchased by the loss of the hopes and pleasures, of the illusions and ideals, that irradiate and glorify youth. We need not be eager to put on that changeless and death-like mask. Time thrusts it on us soon enough, and stops, one by one, with his cruel, chilling hand, all those warm impulses of the heart that fools who still feel them so anxiously disown. The genial, manly character of Arthur Tolpedden is very happily preserved throughout the whole story. " You only needed to shake bands with Tolpedden at any time to shake out of him at once all anger and malice." The scene of the narrative is princi pally in Cornwall, and upon the fluctuating success of the various mines, Wheal Fortune, Wheal Ar thur, and others mainly depend the fate and for tunes of the Tolpedden family. Fluctuating, in deed, are the fortunes of the mines.—" Bad luck to you," exclaims one sufferer over the black shaft of a ruined mine, round which widows and orphans are clamouring—" I shall :never set my heart on a mine again. There's Mammon and the devil at the bottom of all of you. Your master was worth a hundred thousand pounds yesterday, and now he's only worth the value of an old engine and some rusty buckets." As the best evidence alike of the chivalrous, gallant character of the hero, and the animated and vigorous style of the narrative, let us quote some passages from the enthralling description of the terrible catastrophe at Wheal Arthur, by which the hero nearly loses his life as well as his fortane. Arthur has taken his old sailor uncle, the lieutenant, to visit the mine at an important moment : While Tromuan was still preparing for tho blast, Arthur and the Lieutenant arrived. " What is the depth, captain ?" said Arthur. "Four feet deep. We'ie going to use seven fingers of powder, but the rock's damp here, Mr. Arthur. The swab stick won't quite clear it—and we've had to use the tin cartridge." " Is the powder in ?" " Yes, sir." " Then in with the clay tampin," said the irritable lieu tenant, "or we shall bo here all night. Take care of the lights, you boy there. flow foul the air is, Arthur; why, tho candles will hardly burn." "Turn the candles down, my dears," said the captain. The men turned the candles horizontal, so that the tallow dropped into the flame. The only sound was the ram ming in the soft rock on the powder, and the roll and roar of the sea overhead. "I should like to have for pocket money all the ore this blast brings away," said the captain, who was fixing the touch paper to a hollowed rush full of gunpowder. "Who'd have thought, Arthur ?" said the lieutenant, " that we should ever have been down in the hold in a place like this, 480 feet beyond low-water mark, and the big Atlantic overhead. By George, it is in a work, too. There's as dirty weather brewing as ever a Dutch skipper was out in. Oh ! they'll have it warm to-night off the Welsh coast—there'll be drift-wood for the old women to pick up to-morrow, I tell you, between hers and St. Anne's Head." "Thera is no danger, and I feel no fear," said Arthur, "but this waiting for a blast always reminds me of the sort of feeling which a sailor must have who is expecting the first broadside in a sea fight. There go the boulders again—what a night it will be !" "That's the drag back. Not pleasant when you're washed on shore, and clinging to a rock by your eyelids for dear life," said the lieutenant. " When will the gentlemen be down, if you please ?" said Captain Tremuan, coming round with the swab stick in his hand ; bring the snoff here now, Penhaluna." "As soon as we give the signal," said Arthur, g , my father's with . them. By-the-bye, is that ladder rep a i re d yet, captain ?" "No, sir; carpenter's been away —we go up in the kibbles." " Hang these fellows," said the lieutenant, as the ram ming of the tamping bare still wont on, they make as much fuss about firing a few handfuls of powder as if they were working a battery in a hot engagement." "Now they're ready, uncle," said Arthur. " Under cover, my dears," cried the captain ; " now light the match, Penhaluna." The men drew back behind the angle of rock--a dark ma ss. All the lights were out but three; Penhaluna stepped forward, took down one, and disappeared in the darkness. " There was never such a bunch of ore," said the de lighted captain, at his ease now the work was all done ; "the charge is well tamped, and it'll bring it down with a run." "The snoff's well lit," said Penhaluna, as he returned with the candle ; "it'll go in three minutes." There was a dead silence. The lieutenant chafed at the time. "It's another blunder," he said. As he spoke there came a crash that seemed to rend heaven and earth ; a volcanic blaze of light burst from the darkness, a shower of rock beat and splashed against the wall of the level. It was as when the last wall of a be sieged city is shaken by a mine and falls into a gulph of fire, with jarring, thundering, and tumultuous ruin. "I never heard a blast go like that before," said the astonished captain ; it is noise enough for the blowing up a powder magazine." " There's something wrong," said Bore ; " I hoar a sound of water." They listened. There was indeed audible a strange gurgling splash, in creasing almost to a roar. Then came the rage of resistless waters pouring through the rent wall of the mine. The sea was in. " The see, is in 1" cried all the men with one voice. Then there was a rush to the engine shaft—a blind, selfish, cruel, trampling rush as the water came roaring down the level to where they stood. In a minute or two more the men stood clinging to the platform of the engine shaft, dripping and frightened. Arthur and the lieutenant were the last to come, half wading, half swimming, both still vigorcus, calm, and resolute. They had no time to think of the future. " Call the men's names, captain," said the lieutenant. Tremuan called them. Arthur, followed by the lieutenant, makes a des perate effort to rescue the missing ones, but in vain. In the fruitless attempt the lieutenant disappears. Accompanied by two volunteers Arthur returns to the search. Off dashed the three brave men, breasting to / Tether the current, that now rose beyond their waists. Their search was unavailing—floating timber that was all they could see on the turbid current by the dim light of their candles. Every moment the water rose higher and more threatening. They shouted, but the only answer was a lonely mocking echo from the roofing of rock. At the corner of the second level they came to the two mon paused, and refused to go further, for beyond them in the darkness the water could be heard rushing in faster and fiercer. "Go back, then," said Arthur; "I will die here. I'll not go.back till I have found him, living or dead." hilt then, from the level near which they god, there came a faint groan, then a cry of " Heave a rope there, somebody !" Arthur held his candle downwards, to make it flare, and leaped down like a shark into the deeper water. A huge beam fell from the roof just where he had disappeared. " He's lost !" cried the two men. " God hare mercy upon him." While they stood watching the darkness, however, a figure emerged with a splash, carrying an apparently lifeless man in his arms. It was Arthur. " Quick," he said, help me back with him to the engine shaft - that beam that fell struck him on the head—the water is rising fast." The three men hurried along the level towards the en gine -shaft, and rested for a moment with the body as they reached the last gallery. There came a roar and a rush of rolling water dashing through a confined passage, and chafing at the restraint. " We're lost, my dears," said Captain Tremuan, still cool and collected as ever ; "it's all up —the sea's on us —we're cut off from the engine-shaft—don't you hear them shout ing and struggling yonder, at the kibbles ?—aw dear ! they can't help us, and we shall die like drowned rats !" "No, still there is one hope yet, men," said Arthur; "hurry on—this level to the left leads to the tram gallery, and I trust in God the ladder there is not washed away." " He's got ahead, he has," whispered Tremuan to Bere, as they dashed up the dark gallery, their last candle all but burned out. As they reached the entrance to the level, which led by a, ladder and a trap-hole to the tram gallery above, the candle flickered and went out. "Aw clear ! aw dear !" said Tremnan ; " and before we could find the ladder, too. Tho water's up to my knees, Mr. Arthur. Aw dear ! how cold the lieutenant's hand gets!" The last portion of the red wick dropped and spluttered in the water. " Feel for the ladder, men, quick, or we shall be lost !" cried Arthur, sternly, for his mind was now clenched to groat efforts, and the genius of heroism was upon him. Tremuan groped hopelessly along the wall, groaning and sighing—his courage began to fail. The water was racing after them with cruel and irresistible haste. There was no help near. The engine -shaft was a point of safety, but from that they were inexorably and for ever cut off. While Time lasts, no human foot would ever again tread those passages which they had just left. Arthur was raging with impatience. " Hold his head, Bere, while I look. Tremuan, come here, I'll find 'the ladder—why, what a dolt thou art man !" Arthur felt along the wall with quick care, bat he failed also. A thought struck him. He passed to the other aide, in their haste they must have mistaken the bearings ; but there was no ladder, no where any sign of a ladder— they had evidently mistaken the level—this was an un worked one. "Yes, it is gone," he said in a low voice. " Lads, we must prepare for death, let us pray tog-other. Death will be on us now in a few minutes. But one try more—those who help themselves God helps. Shout with me, shout with all your might, shout, men, for God's sake shout, or we're lost !—for here comes the water !" And they did shout ; such a bellow as the wounded Cyclops might have given—such a roar as Goliath's when the stone struck him. " I heard a shout far off," said Bore, and he roared again, enough to burst his lungs. " Yes, there was an answer," cried Arthur. " Aw dear ! thank God !" cried Tremuan. There was indeed an answer, first from one, then two, then a dozen voices. They came nearer. " Who's there ?" shouted Penhaluna, down the trap-- hole. "Mr. Arthur, Lieutenant Tolpeddon, Captain Trainman, and Jack Bore. Let down a rope, the ladder's gone." " Gone ! there never was one. You're in the dead level," cried Penhaluna, as a dozen candles glimmered sorer the hole. Down came the rope. In a moment it was round the waist of the lieutenant. " Haul up gently there, d'ye hear, the lieutenant's been hurt, he's in a faint," shouted Arthur. In a moment or two the three men, with the body, were in safety, thanking their delighted preservers ; and in a moment more they had reached, by a passage or two, the tram -road gallery, where some twenty dripping men were collected, struggling round the tram, fighting who should first ascend, for there was a panic on them, and a selfish brutal fear had extinguished all better feelings. Arthur leaped forward, and drew his revolver from his side-packet. It was soaked—he remembered that, but lie knew also that the men were too excited to observe that. "Shame on you, cowards! cowards!" he cried. " Hers is a dying man, and his life depends on his reaching the air soon. Make way for him there; I'llshoot the first man who touches the signal. I will be the last up; I, Captain Tremuan, and Bero will wait last of all, but there shall be room for the lieutenant, if I kill one of you for it." The three men forced their way forward and placed the swooning man in a corner of the tram. As it passed out of sight the miners gained a little fresh courage, and fell into some sort of order. Last of all, through the rising waters, wont up, from the very jaws of death, Greatheart and hie brave backers. There was a deafening shout as they rose into the light; a hundred hands stretched towards them, lights flared, women screamed, wept, and tossed their arms, even children shrieked with an hysterical delirium of joy. Mr. Tolpeddon and Mr. Hookem, and Dodgoson, Fisher, and Hewer, were the first to embrace Arthur, as he leaped out of the tram, and thanked God that he was safe. In another trial of a yet more painful character Arthur's self-denying heroism is forcibly attested, and his father proudly exclaims—" I have proved you now to be Mr. Greatheart indeed ! You are steel of the true temper ; you only get harder in the fire." Endued with these gallant qualities we are not a little surprised to find Greatheart, in one in stance, unworthy of his name, engaged in a duel with one of the blackest characters in the story. Till the last fatal moment we were loth to believe that the hero would prove so lamentably wanting in moral heroism. He does so, however, and our ad miration abates in proportion. A highly sensa tional episode concludes the history of the sur geons Bradbrain and Mordred, partners in practice, partners in speculation, but rivals in iniquity. The strange secrets discovered by the investigating policeman, when it appears highly probable that Mordred has " doc tored" the sherry wine that his partner is in the habit of drinking, and equally evident that Brad brain has bestowed like care upon the port wino beloved by his companion, are, to say the least of it, highly improbable, and partake too much of the absurd extravagance which has gained for so large a portion of recent literature the epithet sensational. Equally absurd are the extravagancies of Mr. Waver ton, the high-church clergyman, who holds the feast of, St. Lucifer, and whose absurdities, ima gined of course by the author himself, give occa sion to many remarks not characterised by a great spirit of religious charitableness, or too great an adherence to matters of fact. If religious questions are introduced into works of fiction, authors should content themselves with a representation, as forcible as they please, of the excellencies of their own opinions. They may also, if they choose, express their dissent from the views of others, but what they should ever especially avoid is a misrepresentation of the acts and opinions of their opponents, making them speak and act in the pages of fiction as they never have been known to do in real life. Fair contro versy is open to all, but the introduction of such incidents as the career of Mr. Waverton can hardly be said to come under that denomination. We more particularly mention these blemishes because the general tone of the whole work is like the character of its hero—frank, generous, and manly. Burning of a Ship. PLYMOUTH, March 16. The barque Maggie Atkinson, of Shields, from Putticorin, with a cargo of cotton, valued at £50,000, caught fire on Feb. 13th, in lat. 25 N., long. 39 W., and was totally burnt in four hours. The crew, fourteen in number, escaped in the long boat, with only four pumpkins, a small pig, weighing about 14 pounds, a bottle of curry, and four buckets of water. For five days they subsisted on the pig's blood and entrails mixed with curry, and half a gill of water only was allowed to each per day, when they were picked up by the ship Manfred from Foochow. The mate and three of the sailors of the Maggie Atkin son were subsequently transferred to the Hamburg barque Gustav Adolf, and were landed here to-day. TILE DOG NUISANCE.—The dog nuisance has at length engaged the attention of Parliament, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer admitted its importance and suggested a remedy. The dox-tax, according to him, is the most troublesome of all the taxes, from the difficulty in tracing tho true owner, and the necessity for some . exemption where the tax is so high. The plan he has thrown out for consideration is to substitute a licence for a tax, and to reduce the sum to be paid from 12s to an uniform duty of 5s without any exemptions, which are always, in fact, evasions. The dog thus licensed would, we presume, be required to carry about his neck an im pressed collar, and any dog not so marked would be liable to summary destruction by the police, or by any other persou. Some of the speakers stated that the annual lose of sheep in many parts of I::,ugland by lacans of straying dogs amounts to 10 per cent. We may therefore hope soon to see this nuisance batecl. From thaw Times of to-day tffitrit : \ fll itzi 1 ‘l4 HER MAJESTY• WINDSOR CASTLE, March 16. The Queen, accompanied by their Royal High nesses Princess Helena and Prince Leopold and her Serene Highness Princess Hohenlohe, arrived at the Castle last evening shortly after six o'clock from Buckingham Palace, attended by the Marchioness of Ely and the Equerries in Waiting. The Queen, with Princess Helena, walked and drove in the grounds this morning. LATEST INTELLIGEFCF. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) SPAIN. MADRID, MAncH 16, EVENING._ Spain has recognised the Republics of Guatemala , Honduras, Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. The plenipotentaries from those States yesterday signed a treaty of peace and amity with the Spanis h Government. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, MARC" 17. The journals of to-day all concur in declaring the present relations between Austria and Prussia to be of a critical nature. War rumours continue to cir culate, in consequence of which the Bourse is still unsettled. CROATIA. AGRAM, MARCEL 16. The Croatian Diet have adopted the report of the Administrative Committee which proposed that freedom of worship should be accorded to the Pro testants of Croatia and Sclavonia. BOHEMIA: VIENNA, 111ARcH 17. In consequence of riots and excesses continuing in Bohemia, martial law has been proclaimed in several districts of that province. THE PRISONERS IN ABYSSINIA►. A telegram has been received at the Foreign-office from Alexandria, stating that Mr. Rassam arrived on January 4th at Bulwoka, about 50 miles west of Gondar, having received during his journey the kindest treatment from the chiefs of the districts through which he passed after leaving Watemua• News had been received of the prisoners up to the 27th December. The King of Abyssinia was believed to be at Gondar, and had sent an escort of troops and mean 6 of transport to Mr. Rassam. FRANCE. BOURSE, March 16, Three o'clock.—The mark et closed at the following quotations : 4j- per Cents 97 60 Do. end month 3 per Cents. 6B 75 Do. end month 6B 87i Credit Mobilier 693 75 Do. end month Bank Shares 3550 Credit Foncier — Italian Loan 6l 60 Do. end month 6l 70 RAIL' Roman Ottoman Fives Mexican Loan 4B 5 ' Do. Bonds 307 b ° Russian Austrian Spanish Threes Home Debt Deferred Orleans Northern ..., - - ... 570 - ... 54 7 50 - - ... 130 -- - - .. 405 -- - - .. 416 2 5 - ... 1 71 2a - - .. 226 '2 5 - • • - - - ..... - - . . 112 50 'AYs. Cash. Acct. 878 75 ... 1137 50 910 -- 558 75 Lyons and Mediterranean. Southern Western Eastern Sardinian , A ct riall Lombard North of Spain Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona Roman BANK OF FRANCE. PARIS, March 15• The following is the return of the Bank of France for the week ending to-day, together with the cor responding figures of the previous account : DEBTOR. March 15. March B.c fr. c. fr. ' Capital of the Bank.... 182,500,000 182,500,000 --- Profits in addition to capital (Art. 8, Law, , -76 02 June 9, 1857) 7,044,776 02 7,044, 1 Reserve of the Bank and its branches Reserve in landed pro- 109080:902050 14 perty Notes in circulation 8934: 0 0 1 0 5 0 ; 7 0 2 0 5 0 , 22,105,750 14 22,1 05 , 750 1 4 Banknotes to order and 8841, receipts payable at 97 06 sight 5,771,381 71 5,4 25 1'''' Treasury account cur- 90 3 14 rent creditor I^l61 ^ 1 6 1a 69 Current accounts, Paris 123,565,358 14 132,6 28 , r 4 1 Do. branch banks Dividends pay able 1,288,101 75 1,422, 327 Discounts aid sundry interests Rediscounted the last 03 2,074,992 92 2,074,992 92 six months Surplus of receipts not distributed Sundries - 6,266,264 60 6,70759 5° Total 752 1,368,369,878 43 1,362,000,•- CREDITOR. March 15. S• March Cash in hand and in fr. c. fr. ,„ 84 Branch banks Commercial bills over- 211,069 74 374, 859 19 due Commercial bills dis- 47 25 counted, not yet due 302,746,632 74 299,72 1 , 9 Do. branch banks 277,841,536 279,667,844 Advances on deposit of bullion Do. branch banks Do. on French Public 9 7 085 300 - 10 159,300 ....1- 8:283,400 9;830;100 - Securities Do. by branch banks Do. on railway shares 11,255,000 - 5,151,300 - 11 454,100 --- 5:408,900 and debentures 1). branch banks Do. on Credit Poncier 29,822,700 - 19,067,800 - 30 125,000 ---: 19,009,900 -- Bonds Do. branches Do. to the State (Con vention, June 10, 1857) 60,000,000 Government Stock re- 750 14 serve 12,980,750 14 1 2 , 980, 75 91 Do. disposable Rentes Inunobalisees (Law, June 9, 1857) 100,000,000 100,000,000 dn. Hotel and furniture of the Bank and landed 54` property branches Expenses of manage ment 656,824 69 Sundries 607,300 - 353,000 - 6 08,900 -- 360, 700 -.. 60,000,000 --• 8,447, 549 --' 8,449,411 - Total 1,368,349,878 43 1,362, 00U,4,- c(1 . Certified by the Senator-Governor of the Bank of Frilll (Signed) ROTILAND. Liverpool, Cotton Market. —This DAY' • Market steady. Sales probably 15, 000 bales °r more. STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER, March 16.—For all kinds cf ping yarns there has been a large business, and treme prices have been freely paid. Some of the CO tracts placed extend deliveries over a lo n g PericPw.. early deliveries being quite out of the question, ° , 0 ing to the heavy engagements previously of spinners. Higher prices have been obtaine d o d this kind of yarn than for many months pas t ' the market closes strong. In home trade ye a r— te there has also been a strong market, with a 11 1 ° dera ti s amount of business. In the cloth market, whic h /1 4. weak and depressed in the early part of the w ec o i there was some movement to-day in consequence... 4 in the hanouo accounts from India of a prospective improveune, there, and of the lowness of stocks b oth in the ulLr rior andl at the ports. Prices have b een ratn ea v s t ron ger, and in many cases sellers ha ve advanicao th e ir quotations. But little business, however, itti been done, manufacturers being well engage d, a t finding a difficulty in obtaining an advance suftiele to cover the enhanced cost of yarn and cloth' r be oe be Jo 17 1 c o co a p, P ri e , N e , 1 44 )4 0 , 13 15 , 1 Tug L4l t P re 141 so k f eall %Ilk cittri