The Sun. — London, England, 1865-11-14 00:00:00

•••••=Mir _ _a•- - ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. (Opera Company, Limited.) THIS EVENING will be performed Meyerbeer's Grand Opera, L'AV It [CAIN E. MISS Louisa Fyne, Madame Lem mens-Sharrington, and Mrs. A. Cook ; Mesrs. Albeto Lawrenee, Henry Corrl, A. Cook, E. Dussck, J. s G. Patey, r C. Lyall, and Charles Adams. Conductor, Mr. Alfred Mellon. Commence at half-past 7. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.- Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with the Farce of HUSBANDS BEWARE. Mr. G. Belmoro ; Miss Haziewood, Miss E. Leclercq, &c. After which, Shaksf.ere's Tragedy of KING JOHN: Messrs. Phelps, James Anderson, T. Swinhourne, Raynor. G. Bel more, E. Phelps, C. Harcourt; Miss Atkinson, Mrs. H. Vandenhoff, Mrs. Hodson, Szc. Commence at 7, THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET._ sole Lessee and Manai ; er, Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, TIIREE WIMICS A IeTER MAR RIAGE. Mr. W. Farren, Mr. Chippendale, Miss Snowdee, Miss :Kelly Moore. After which, USED UP. Mr. Charles Mathews, Mr. Howe, Miss Belly Moore, Mrs. E. litzwilliam. To be followed by (2ndl time) WHO KILLED COCK ROBIN ? Mr. Chippendale, Mr. C. Mathews ; Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. litzwilliam. &c Concluding with THE BALLET. Messrs. Arthur and Charles Leclereq, Miss Fanny YI right, Miss C. Adams, and the Corps de Ballet. Commence at Seven. ROYAL L YCEUM T EIEATEE. Under the sole Management of Mr. Fechter. THIS EVENING, at Seven o'clock, THE DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. Mr. and Mrs. nOrnriall. After which, at 8, a New Drama, entitled THE WATCH CRY. Mr Fechter, supported by Messrs. H. Widdicombe, S. Emery, C. Horaman, Raymond, Fitzpatrick, Clifford, and Miss Elsworthy. To conclude with the Farce of NURSEY CHICKWEED. Messrs. H. Widdicomb, Raymond, Moreland; Mrs. Lee and Mis 3 Lavenu. Box Office open daily from Eleven till Five. Acting Manager, 11. Barnett. N E W THEATRE -ROYAL ADELPHI, Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7. GOOD FOR NOTHING. Mrs Alfred Mellon and Mr. Felix Rogers. Alter which. at 8, RIP VAN WINKLE. Rip (his 62d appearance), Mr. Jefferson, supported by Messrs. llillington, Y. Bedtbrd, R Phillips, Felix Boggs, Ashley, Isburne, C. J. Smith; Mrs. Billingtor, &c. To e - include, at half-past 10, with THE WIDOW'S VICTIM. Messrs. Biliington, Fella Rogers, Ashley; Miss Godsell, Miss Seaman, and Miss Jenny Wilimore. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, QUIET LODGINGS. After which, at a quarter to Eight, IT IS NEVER TOO LATE TO MEND. Characters by Messrs. Vining, T. Mel ville, T. Mead, D. Murray, S. Calhaem, F. Villiers, J. G. Shore, G. Murray, B. Mellon, C. Seyton, R. Cathcart; 1.1111 L. Moore and Miss Katherine Rodgers. GRATIS AND POST FREE. E. MOSES and SONS' List of Prices, with Fashion Card, for the present Season. MOSES AND S 0 N • respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest fabrics are combined with the latest and most fashionable designs, and the best workmanship. E. MOSES and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices Ire such as must satisfy the most economical. This depart ment is in a distinct pert of the premises, which will be found a great Convonence for ladies and children. MOSES AND SON ~• respectfully invite public attention to their large and well-assorted WINTER STOCK. EMOSES AND SON'S •"S ANDRINGRAM" and "DANISH" WRAPPER :Introduced by them) is the newest and most tashionsb:i style of Overcoats for the season. MOSES AND SON'S 1.%• READY-MADE and BESPOKE CLOTHING !or all classes anti all ages. ~MOSES AND SON'S • CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, from 30s. p MOSES AND • HOSIERY and DRAPERY, for all classes and all ages. S 0 N'S MOSES AND S 0 N'S • BATS AND CAPS, for all classes and all ages. 1p MOSES AND SON'S • BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. EMOSES AND SON'S • ()urn Is. for at! classes, all ages, and all climates. EMOSES AND SON'S • LONDON HOUSES, 164, 155, 15A, 157, Minorles; 83, 34, 85, 86, S 7, 83. 89, Aldgate ; 506, 507, 508, New Oxford--street; 1,2, 3, Hart-street; 137, 138, Tottenham-court -road; 288, Eu.ton-road. Also, Bradford, Yorkshire. MOSES AND SON'S • Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until 11 o'clock. _ _ - Alt articles arcmarked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article not appr,ved of will be exchanged, or the mon e y returned. _ . . . I.ist — of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, " The Philosophy of Dress," gratis and post tree. TILE LAST EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the Latest 6ruliTING INTELLWEI‘C G , tan be had Every Evening of G}. It GLIsN IE, NEWS AGENT, Ito. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. 11HE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied, as soon as published every Evening', by W. ALEXANDER (late BROOKS), Newspaper Agent, 24, Old Cavendish-street, Oxford-street. THE LAST EDITION of " TIIE SUN " LATESTP supplied as itTcrs as Published, the y W. 11AURIS, Newspaper Agent, 4, Blacktriars-road, London, S. THE LATEST EDITION of "THE SUN." J. HOLMES begs to inform his friends, and the pubile generally, th a t he supplies the LATEST EDITION of THE SUN" a s soon as published —No. 16, Hampstead road, It w, RAILWAY NO rlCES—Session 1866. TO PARLIAMENTARY AGENTS. SATURDAY, Nov. 18, being the LAST DAY for publication of Railway notices for the next Session of Parliament, in compliance with the Standing Orders, an extraordinary late edition of The Sun will, as usual, be published that evening, for the purpose of keeping the press open to Par liamentary agents and professional gentlemen until the latest moment. HIGH WATER—ATLONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—'Morning, 11h. 33 m. —Afternoon, 11h. 58m. T.7-MORROw.-Morning, h. m.--Afternoon, 12h. 25m. aj i t 44. -4 1 . h) 1,1111-1112 • LONDON, TUESDAY, NOV. 14, 1865. -...1.-- As the attention of thoughtful and conscientious men is becoming more and more directed to the condition of our criminal classes, the advantages of the reformatory system become more and more apparent. That system has just received the aid of an el oquen t expos iti on f rom Dr. MANNING, the newly appointed Catholic Archbishop of West minster, who addressed a very large and influential ormeeting at Manchest er , on F r id a y ev e n ing, in aid the funds of the St. Bernard's Reformatory. The Archbishop, discourse, in athe course of a long and eloquent reported in our impression of yesterday, dwelt strongly upon the duties of the State towards those unfortunate children, who, whether from evil example or natural depravity are easily led into crime ; and we trust that the most rev. prelate's arguments will produce practical effect in la the number of supporters of this excellent system. The children of the poor have an especial claim on the care and kindness of those above them. Whether in sickness, too often brought on by want and impure atmosphere, as well as by the inevitable hardships and exposure to which they are subjected from earliest infancy ; in ignorance which per petuates itself from generation to generation, or in crime to which they are too often early familiarised, they are surrounded by deleterious and disastrous a gencies, by risks, sufferings, and temptations un known to the carefully tended nurslings of the wealthier classes. As D r . MANNING justly °1)- served, the condition of poor children is the most urgent question of the day. However we may thrust them aside in the busy pursuit of more exciting objects, in the engrossing discussion of the politics or novelties of the day, they are growing up around us—the future citizens of the State—in yearly increasing numbers, too often under every disadvantage that nature and circumstance can lay upon them. Mr. DISRAELI has finely said, in one of his works, that " The youth of a nation are the trustees of posterity!" And how will the fortunes of the future stand if we do not teach those guardians of its welfare how to perform their duties ? Dr. MANNING reminded us that it has been asserted that the majority of the children of the working classes are neither at work nor at school. And whether or no this be the case, it is certain that there is a vast amount of that ignorance which is the handmaid of crime still amongst us. The re formatories, of which the Archbishop principally treated in his address, are intended for those un happy children who have passed from mere idleness and ignorance into the commission of actual crime— who have become raw recruits, in fact, of that great army of criminal offenders who are the terror of our legislators and the problem of our philanthropists. Entering upon the principles of State punishment, Dr. MANNING quoted the words of Lord BROUGHAM, who, discussing the question some years since, said that it was an accepted doctrine that the only end of punishment was to deter the criminal from repeat ing the offence, and to warn others by example, but that he went further, and asked what right had we to leave even a " prisoner for life " unreformed ? Archbishop MANNING, as might have been expected, supported this truly Christian theory, and said that the first end of justice was to teach by example, otherwise to let justice vindicate itself ; the second, to protect society; and the third, to reform the offender' towards whom the State was bound to show all possible compassion and mercy. This principle is admitted in all criminal law, even to theprovision of all necessary help for the man condemned to death, during the short time left to him. The Archbishop observed that all that was said about the reformation of adults applied with tenfold force to the juvenile criminal. He quoted the old maxim, Qui non habet patrem poplin est films, which is certainly never more applicable than to those poor children whose natural protectors alternately neglect them and lead them astray. The influence of parental example is always powerful, but When it is seconded to vice by every association of childhood without one coun teracting agency, and points in that downward direction to which human nature is always too prone ; it cannot be wondered at that the results are what they are. To condemn such children, when they are actually caught in the commission of a felony, to a temporary imprisonment and enforced association with hardened criminals, further pro , ficients in the arts to which they have been initiated, / is so far an outward vindication of law and justice, but it serves no better purpose. To suppose that three or six months' incarceration in a gaol will arrest a boy of 14 or 15 in his downward road, will convert him from a professional pocketpicker into a hardworking labourer, would certainly be the height of credulity. It may, indeed, transform the pickpocket into a thief, the thief into a burglar, the vagrant into the crimi nal, but what else it is likely to do, is uncertain. In rare cases, where sudden temptation has led a naturally honest and well brought-up boy into vicious courses, the shock may arrest his progress, but this can but seldom hap pen. So unsatisfactory are the results of treat ing all ages and classes alike, that the attention of our social reformers may well be turned to the discovery of some better and more efficacious method of dealing with juvenile offenders. The hardship of punishing children of tender years for what are, in fact, their fathers' and mothers' sins, is so great that it impresses itself on every observer, while it cannot be forgotten that not ' only does the child suffer by the neglect, but that the neglected juvenile offender grows up a curse to society and a burden to the public. The cost of maintaining a regular criminal, whether directly or indirectly, is no slight matter. If he is at large his depredations are incessant, and he lives at the expense of his more honest, if not more industrious, neighbours. The amount of property annually lost through fraud and violence in any of our great cities is something startling. If the criminal be comes a convict he still costs us a good deal, though in a more satisfactory manner, for it is pleasanter to pay a certain sum for his mainte nance than to run the risk of his depredations, as persons insure against fire, preferring to crisa fice a fixed sum than to chance the alternative of total immunity or total loss. Still, the keep of a criminal is not an inexpensive matter. Archbishop MANNING quoted a few statistics on this point furnished by different authorities, which estimated the expenditure of justice in Dublin in one year to be 3i millions; while many years since the Times asserted that every pickpocket sent to Holloway cost the pay of a curate ! The amount of the annual de predations in Liverpool was estimated by the late Mr. CLAY at £700,000. From the figures at his command Archbishop MANNING drew an interesting parallel between the amount of money spent in punishment and reformation: " Mr. RUSHTON, of Liverpool, stated to a committee of the House of Lords, in 1847, that 14 boys were arrested and tried for certain offences ; 10 were transported, and cost Liverpool £1,400; whereas 77 boys placed in the asylum at Warwick cost £1,200, and 40 were reclaimed." It may well be asked what chance of reformation would these 40 boys have had under the old system, which sent them out into the world after an enforced association with older criminals, hardened rather than reformed. The Archbishop went on to say that " The reformatory schools of this country were now costing the country £66,000 annually ; towards this the parents paid £2,000, and £lO,OOO was contri buted by charitable people. The money which had been spent o n t h e children in reformatories, to which the £ 66 , 0 00 related , iwhich h compared with that was h disproportionately a d been lavished onsmoaullr prison system. We had, he h ope d, passe d f rom inflicting penalties without seeking for the refor mation of criminals, an d had entered into what he might call a penitenti a l system tempered by mercy." The Archbishop expressed a natural satis faction at finding so many of the f re ormatory establishments had been undertaken by members of his own faith. It is, indeed, a good work, i n which all denominations of Christians must heartily agree, while its practical and social utility com mend it even to those who are indifferent to the welfare of the individual, and regard only the in ter ests of the State: Its success as yet has been most satisfactory ; and, were it even less so, we should still know that we were performing our duty towards these unfortunate children by at least giving them their chance. The employment of manual labour has been found a valuable assistance in training and steadying the boys, to whom idle ness is a terrible incentive to discontent and rebel lion against authority. After a long day's work in the open air the criminal, who after all is but a boy, is much more • • inclined to go to sleep than to devise means of escape or recite the tritimp`A of pocket picking or sho •p- Wig. The busy man, says good old JERE= 'bal d () • R) in far less dang er than the idle man, because to the latter temptations present themselves on every side, while to the former they can only creep up through his business. It is on this principle that the managers of our reforma tories very wisely act, and children who have only learned to use and to abuse their mental powers, are taught how to employ their physical capacities in a manner conducive to the health of both body and soul. The effects may not always be so cheering as Lord BROUGHAM believed when he said that " the first offence wisely treated became the last offence," though Archbishop MANNING states that his experi— once as avisitor to the reformatory at Hammersmith had confirmed it; but it is morally certain to produce some good effects. Were there but a remote chance of reclaiming 1 per cent., instead of the almost cer tainty of a much larger proportion, it would be a public duty to give these children every chance ; and when we find that the cost of the reformatory is so much less than that of the prison, it silences the ob jection which might otherwise be raised to taxing the honest for the benefit of the guilty. The degrees of guilt and of temptation we cannot measure, but we can at least see that the juvenile offenders of our criminal classes have much to plead in answer to our charges against them ; and when wise and good men have succeeded after much labour in getting a practical and successful reformatory system into good working order, let it not be said of England that she suffered the work to languish for want of means. Austria and Prussia certainly monopolise the attention of Europe at this time, and something new and startling seems always on the lapis with respect to their affairs. Hungary has been most completely mismanaged and greatly ill-treated by the Government of the EMPEROR, and, notwith standing all that we have heard of more liberal politics prevailing, there is no proof as yet furnished of their being put into practice. The Croatian Diet was opened yesterday. The Government Commissioner made various announcements, but none were of a very reassuring 'character. He communicated to the Diet the October Diploma and the February Patent, and advised the assembly to take into consideration the question of a "Parliamentary union between Austria and Croatia." The matter has been decided upon with the consent of the Diet to all intents and purposes, for the Emperor of AUSTRIA will shortly be crowned King of Hungary and Croatia, and the Diet are requested to send repre sentatives to the ceremony. When the " constitu tional relations" of Croatia to the Central Austrian Government have been definitively settled, the future regulation of the Dalmatian Administration will be discussed, but not before. All this seems but a continuation of the arbitrary arrangements and mysterious machinations by which for a long time the Government of Austria have contrived to put all things under their rule and management, but we seek in vain for any certain indication of an independent system being inaugurated. All is pretension and promise, but we may be sure that the result will show that they are sham and not substance, and that expec tations of a change for the better will not be realised. In Hungary no reliance whatever seems placed upon the future course of the powers that be, and in many quarters instances of distress and suspi cion are manifested. A circular has been for warded to the Lords-Lieutenant of the diffe rent counties, to the effect that " electioneer. ing tricks" have been played in Hungary. Bohemian Assembly will, it is expected, be the scene of a fierce dispute between the rival parties. In fact, in all quarters doubts and uncertainties pre vail to a great extent, and the peace and prosperity which Germany has so long enjoyed, and which we had thought likely to increase as freedom flourished, and general progress was made, are languishing and drooping in the unwholesome atmosphere of a tyrannical rule. As yet the two great Powers have done nothing new in respect to the Frankfort affair, for they cannot agree as to the measures that should be adopted. The point in question appears to be to free the legal representatives of the city from the restraints which are imposed upon them by the German democrats. Hew much better it would be to have these parties to settle their own affairs needs not to be dwelt upon ; but it is use less to expect reason from those who argue in a circle, and have predetermed beforehand what course they shall pursue. The National Verein does not in reality interfere with the rights and privileges of the Senators of Frankfort; and if they were only left in statu quo no change worthy of the name would take place, and no solecism be committed that might shock . the feelings or offend the prejudices of the most scrupulous up holders of the ancient regime in the Father land. It would almost seem as if the mighty makers of mischief and fomenters •of dis cord at Berlin and Vienna had reckoned with out their host, or not fully estimated the consequences of the affair in this last encroach ment at Frankfort. Doubtless the Austrians are wiser than their allies, and comprehend a little more clearly the dangers and difficulties that will environ them if they carry out their measures in the spirit as well as the letter, and enforce compli ance to their commands without scruple or conside ration. Be this as it may, nothing justifies us in forming the belief that moderate counsels will rule the day, for in all directions untoward symptoms prevail, and the " era of reaction," so often mean inglessly alluded to, seems likely to become un fait accompli.- The only Liberal member of the Bavarian Government is about to quit office, while M. VON ROGGENBERG, the protector of the Liberal party in Baden, is dismissed. The great German Powers are making enemies and provoking people everywhere, and a complete misunderstanding will soon- prevail from one ex tremity of Germany to the other. Baron VON BEUST, the Saxon Minister for Foreign Affairs, has forwarded a despatch to the representatives of Saxony at Berlin and Vienna, in which a recogni tion is made of the announcements by the two Powers of the steps taken relative to Frankfort, and also a notice of the complaints made by the Minis ters of Austria and Prussia respecting the Saxon press. Baron VON BEUST seems to be quite equal to the occasion, for he reserves to the Federal Diet the right to settle the legitimate course to be taken in refer&ce to the Frankfort Senate. A supplementary vote has been since sent, which retorts upon those who complain of the Saxon press, by declaring that it only h e ld t h e l anguage to wh i ch except i on was taken is be a c a at a i p se iri o t f ed th as et a o n n y e•adopted by the Prussian that Gov he agrees we Governments. The conclusion of this and Austrian Baron affirms i c t o h u t l i d ie d w e is si h re e , xp fo r r ess th ed e that the Saxon press should be less inimical to Prussia ; but before he will answer the reproaches made to him, that the Saxon Government does not check such tendencies, "he must first wait to see if Prussia will forbid the Prussian press advocating the destruction of the Saxon Monarchy." This is a very fair reply, and no doubt it will incense the Government of Berlin to a great extent. It will not be quite so easy a thing as Herr Von BISMARCK supposes to coerce all Ger many, and bring all the minor States and lesser Principalities under the sway of the Sovereigns of The Austria and Prussia. As the plot thickens so do the indications of discontent multiply, and already rumours are rife among those who can or dare ex press an independent opinion. We learn that Herr Von DEAK has consented to the resolutions of the party passed at the conference held at the house of Baron ESTVOS. These demands com prise all the most important questions concern ing the future of Hungary, and if these determined expressions are put in the address in reply to the Speech from the Thorne in the forthcoming open ing of the Hungarian Diet, there can be no excuse made that the Austrian Government does not know the wishes of the Hungarian people, for their repre sentatives will have done their utmost to make them clear and comprehensible. It is declared that the basis of all further negotiations between Austria and Hungary must rest upon the " ancient constitu tional rights of Hungary," and that a respon sible Government must be formed for Hungary. Furthermore, it is stated that the means for con ducting the Government of Hungary will only be granted on condition that the " Government render an account to the country and remain responsible for the employment of the funds voted." An im portant resolution is that which affirms that the integrity of Hungary is to be re-established as it was formerly. constituted, forming one kingdom with Croatia and Sclavonia. It is satisfactory to meet with such a bold manifestation of public spirit, made at a time when so many adverse influences are at work, and such hostility to liberty is shown. Haymarket Theatre. Last evening a lively farce, which we imagine formed a portion of the luggage of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mathews when they quitted Paris, was performed for the first time at this theatre. It is entitled " Who Killed Cock Robin ?" the fun being produced by the dilemma into which an obliging friend Ands himself in conveying a fictitious report of the death of Mr. Cock Robin to his affianced bride, a Mexican lady (Mrs. Charles Mathews), who has a large quantity of fire and impetuosity in her composition. Jack Raggett, a lively fellow, is the character our great English comedian impersonates, and he is so pleased with the dash and spirit of the lady that, on hearing of the death of her lover, he actually woos and marries her himself. He soon repents his surrender of freedom, as the Mexican lady for a time does everything he objects to and dislikes. They eventually become reconciled, and vow never to quarrel again. The act ing of Mr. Mathews can so well be imagined that we need only say that it was of the usual rare ex cellence. Mrs. Mathews capitally sustained her part ; and Mr. Chippendale sustained the frightened father of the gushing young lady to the life. The farce was, of course, a decided success. Gallery of Illustration. The return of Mr. and Mrs. German Reed, and the inimitable John Parry, to the Gallery of Illus tration was hailed last night with perfect enthu siasm, and although the entertainment was the same in which they took their temporary leave, viz., " A Peculiar Family," it produced as much gratification as if it had been performed for the first time. Mrs. Reed's series of characters were given with all that piquancy and truthfulness, which so peculiarly marks her impersonations, and Air. Reed also seemed thoroughly to enter into the fun and good humour of his portion of the entertainment. John Parry was as great as ever. In his musical recollec tions he delighted the brilliant audience with his mastery over the pianoforte, which, under his manipulation, produces sounds and effects only to be heard when his magic touch sets the wires in vibration. The resumption of the delightful enter tainment at the Gallery in Regent-street will be a source of the greatest pleasure to all lovers of real talent in the metropolis. The Oxford Music Hall. Another instance of the energy and ability of the management of the OxfDrd was given last evening, on which occasion a crowded audience was delighted by hearing, for the first time, a capital selection from an operetta, by Offenbach, the composer of " 66," entitled " The Market Girls," which has caused quite a musical sensation in Paris. Like most of this composer's efforts fun and vivacity form the great portion of the operetta, although every now and then a beautiful and telling melody is introduced in the most artistic manner, which gives a charming variety to the composition, and to that circumstance we may attri bute the great popularity which all the music of Offenbach has secured in the metropolis. In the selection under notice we have some sparkling choruses, the opening one, " Who'll buy, who'll bny," securing at once the favourable sympathies of the audience. The tenor solo, confided to Mr. St. Albyn, " The Carnaval's the time for pleasure," is one of those peculiarities only to be found in the music •of Offenbach, and which this gentleman so well un derstands and appreciates. Ele gave it last night with a gusto that was quite refreshing, and received for his efforts a rapturous encore. Miss Russell, the accomplished prima donna of the company, next gave a solo, " Come hither, come hither," which she executed with great skill, taste, and expression. This was followed by a round, " Our• Master had a lovely voice, they say," for the rendering of which we cannot pay too high a compliment to each artist concerned in its performance. Mr. St. Albyn has a capital and original song allotted to him, en titled " I'm what they call a junior clerk," which is certain to become popular, and remain so for how long no one can venture to say. It is one of the best bits in the selection, and the discriminating portion of the audience were loud in their applause of it. The finale is lively and spirited. It consists of a short solo for each Of the principals, followed by a dashing Tra la la chorus, which brings the novelty to a very successful termination. The encores were very numerous ; indeed, had the audience had it their own way, the selection would have consumed nearly the whole of the evening. This latest addition to the many attractions of the Oxford will prove a great success : of that fact there cannot be a doubt, and we have the pleasure of again congratulating Mr. Morton, the managing director, on receiving that reward which his untir ing exertions in the service of the public so emi nently entitle him to. Gas Works in Large Towns. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Srn,—lf a gas explosion occurred so close to a gasometer as to shatter the whole receptacle at once, would not the mixture and combination of gas and atmospheric air be quick enough to make the whole mass of vapour explode ? In this case the explosion of such a gasometer as one of those at Blackfriars would be sufficient to shatter and ex plode the rest, like a series of mines. But one of these alone would probably be sufficient to bring down every church-tower in London, from St. Paul's and Westminster Abbey to the most humble spire extant. _ _ _ Pray, sir, insist upon the removal out of large towns of a cause of danger equal to transporting Hounslow powder mills into their midst. The gas works can send their gas from town through pipes far into the country, why not carry the works into the country and bring the gas to town ?—I am, &c., COMMON SENSE. DEATH OF MRS. GASKELL.—The death of this well-known authoress is announced as having taken place on Sunday, at her residence at Alton. Mrs. Gaskell was favourably distinguished as a writer of fiction, and several of her novels, including " Mary Barton," which first brought her public notice and reputation, and "Ruts," which is of at least equal merit, obtained deserved popu larity. In addition to being an effective contributor to Household Words and other periodicals, she published a tale called " North and South," in illustration of the de tails of manufactu r i ng lif e ; an d among h e r later works is a "Life of Charlotte Bronte," the author of "Jane Eyre." The deceased lady was the wife of a Unitarian minister at Manchester, and was born early in the present century. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) BELGIUM. HEALTH OF THE KING OF THE BELGIANS. BRUSSELS, Nov. 14. The King is said to have returned very unwell from the Chateau d'Ardennes. The resignation M. Frere, Minister of Finance, is expected. SPAIN. MADRID, Nov. 13, Evening. The Committee of Public Health having declared that the cholera has abated in this city, a Te Deum will be sung on that account on Saturday next. THE BOMBAY MAIL. SUEZ, Nov. 13. The Orissa, from Bombay, arrived here at 2 a.m. to-day (Monday). OUTWARD CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS. The Poonah, from Southampton on the 4th inst., reached Gibraltar on the 9th, at 6 a.m., and left at 1 p.m. for Alexandria. All well. Weather very threatening. DENMARK. COPENHAGEN, Nov. 9. The third extraordinary session of the Rigsraad was closed yesterday by Count Frijs, the new Pre mier, reading the following Royal message : We, Christian IX., King of Denmark, &c., to our faithful Rigsraad, greeting. In our message addressed to the Rigsraad at the opening of the present extraordinary session we specially recom mended that the assembly should use its utmost efforts towards bringing about a speedy and satisfac tory solution of the constitution question. We re joice to see this wish fulfilled, now that it has been found possible to obtain a basis for further prose cution of the question by the unity of the two Chambers of the Rigsraad, and we have therefore been able to associate ourselves therewith, in the assured conviction that by this course the freedom and prosperity of the country will be secured. "We have observed with especial satisfaction the readiness with which the Rigsraad has supported our paternal wish to relieve the great burden im posed by the war upon a portion of our dear and faithful subjects, and we close this third extraor dinary session of the Rigsraad with the hope that, with the gracious aid of Providence, success may attend the co-operation of the Government and the people in working out the well-being of the coun try. " We remain well inclined to the Rigsraad in Royal grace and favour. " Given at our Castle of Amalienberg, this Bth day of November, 1865, under our Royal hand and seal. (Signed) " CHRISTIAN, REX. (Countersigned) "C. E. JUEL-VIND-FRIJS.' FRANCE. PARIS, Nov. 13. The Minister of Public Instruction has addressed a report to the Emperor, dated Nov. 8, recommend ing that in the Paris International Exhibition of 1867 there should be a representation of the pro- gress made by the moral and political sciences in France during the last 20 years, by means of a series of reports from eminent men upon the several branches of these subjects. The Minister's report is as follows ; " Sire,—The idea of periodical exhibitions is en tirely French. It dates from Louis XIV. for the fine arts, from the revolution for trade ; and France, after having given it to the wolld, has unceasingly enlarged its proportions, in order to render it more fruitful. "As far back as sixteen years ago, sire, you wished to unite all the nations to these grand solemnities. " It was England who realised this idea, and saw the first International Exhibition. " The palace in Hyde-park only received in 1851 objects furnished by nature herself or by human industry. In 1855 the Emperor decided that the two previous French Exhibitions should be united. Art was placed side by side with manufac tures. "Amid the magnificence displayed in London in 1862, it was recognised that the most precious in strument of labour was still man, and that the productive value of the workman would be increased by augmenting his intellectual value. The English Commission created a special class of popular in struction with this same object—the Imperial Corn mission has just established two. " But international exhibitions tend to become the complete representation of modern society in all its modes of activity. After having placed art by the side of manufactures, which it embellishes and elevates, your Majesty wished to place pure science near the applications which are only its outward manifestation. While the Emperor directs the study of the questions which will lead to the disco very of that organisation which, since the destruc tion of trade corporations, the mercantile world has been constantly seeking, you desire, Sire, that it be demanded of the moral and political sciences what they have produced to ameliorate the state of society, and of French literature what it has done to elevate the soul of the nation. " The way of realising this idea is simple. Let the Emperor deign to authoriie the Minister of Public Instruction to be an exhibitor. If his pro ductions occupy a small space under a very modest form, they will none the less attract attention, and I do not hesitate to say that several will survive the triumphs of their more brilliant neighbours, since the one much more than the other expresses the mind of France. " I have already secured the support of eminent men, who will describe in a series of reports, bear ing their signature, in order that each may have the honour as well as the responsibility of his work. " 1. The progress accomplished in France in the mathematical, physical, and natural sciences during the last 20 years; that is to say, since the era of great exhibitions. " 2. The progress accomplished by the moral and political sciences in their application to the necessi ties of society. " 3. The part fulfilled by French literature, which should be studied less in point of form, which is the mission of literary criticism, than in its effects upon the general education of the country. At the Exhibition Palace, in the midst of those material products which are a pledge of national welfare, the liberal arts can only enter by showing that they bring to a people, not only noble amusement, but moral strength and dignity. " The Emperor, whose solicitude extends from the simple teaching of the infant school to the highest speculations of science, cannot give a more useful encouragement to the latter than this picture of the efforts, the greatness, and even, in certain points, the defects of the mind of France. " If foreign nations thought fit to make a similar examination of themselves, it would no longer only be by the inventions of each other that all would profit. By a comparison of the progress accom plished in various parts in scientific and moral order every people would enter the paths of fresh progress, the level of civilisation would rise, and an additional guarantee would be given for the peace of the world.--•I am, &c., " The Minister of Public Instruction, " V. DURUY. " Approved, NAPOLEON." The Moniteur announces the following nomina- tions to prefectures of departments :—M. Pietri, prefect of the Herault, to the Nord, in the place of M. Vallon, deceased ; M. Gamier, Hautes-Pyre nees, to the Herault ; M. de Vallaireille, sub-prefect of Castres (Tarn), to the Hautes-Pyrenees ; M. Lelainville, Tarn-et-Garonne, to the Manche, in the room of Baron Pron, appointed prefect of the Ba s-Rhin ; and M. Soumain, sub-prefect of Brest, to the Tarn-et-Garonne. BOURSE, Nov. 13.—Two o'Clock.--The market is pretty active and well attended, but Saturday's quotations have not been maintained. Threes, for the Account, are at 68f. 45c.—showing a decline of 10c. Italian Fives are quoted at 65f. 20c., a fall of 15c. Credit Mobilier Shares have lost 7f. 50c., and Spanish Mobilier, 2f. 50c. Lyons Shares have de clined 5f., Orleans If. 25c., Lombard 2f. 50c. Northern Shares have attained 1,100 f., showing a rise of If. 25c. Spanish Railway Shares are offered. Saragossa have declined 15f., and North of Spain 2f. 50c. English Consols are I per cent. weaker. Three o'Clock—The market was buoyant towards the end, and transactions took place at much higher prices. The last quotations were as follow : 41 per Cents 96 70 Do. end month — 3 per Cents. 6B 55 Do. end month 6B 52i Credit Mobilier 872 50 Do. end month Bank Shares 3700 Credit Foncier 1327 50 Italian Loan 65 10 Do. end month 65 32 BAIL' Ditto Threes — Roman 73 Mexican Loan 49 Do. Bonds 325 Russian - Austrian Spanish Threes 42 75 Home Debt Deferred Orleans Northern Lyons and Mediterranean Southern Western Eastern Sardinian . Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona Roman Acct.. ... 826 25 ... 1100 - - ... 831 25 ... 568 75 ."-- .--- •4 • - - 518 75 - - ... 212 50 - - ... 412 50 - ... 408 75 - - ... 186 25 - ... 237 50 "-- -- ... - ... 162 50 PRUSSIA. The Zeidler Correspondence of Berlin on the sub ject of a visit paid by the Chevalier Nigra to Count de Bismarck, during the stay of the latter in Paris, says "The fact that the President of the Prussian Council receives the Ambassador of a great State whose Sovereign has been recognised by Prussia is sufficiently explained by the ordinary rules of courtesy. A Prussian statesman has no reason for not receiving the visit of the representative of a Power which entertains no sen timents hostile to his country. As to the part played by Italian aspirations in this matter, and on the calculations of Prussian policy, its importance can not be either increased or diminished by such a visit, inasmuch as that part is quite independent of any act of courtesy." The subjoined is taken from a Berlin letter :-- "For some time past rumours have been current of a proposed arrangement between Prussia and Austria relative to the Duchies of the Elbe, and it is even asserted that certain persons about the Emperor Francis Joseph would be well pleased to see Austria dispose of her share of the condo minium for a pecuniary indemnity. These per sons proceed on the conclusion that Prussia has no territorial compensation to offer, and that, on the other hand, Austria cannot long continue to administer the Duchy of Holstein. It is true that Prussia might guarantee the possession of Venetia in exchange for the Duchies ; but the Cabinet of Berlin will never accede to that arrangement. Such, at least, is the opinion entertained in all political circles, even those in which the feudal party predominates; every body is persuaded that Count de Bismarck will not enter into any engagement beforehand on the eventuality of a war in Italy. Whatever truth there may be in 'the above reports, it is certain that at Berlin no doubts are entertained of ultimate success in the affair of the Duchies." AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE HIBERNIAN. NEW YORK, Nov. 3, Evening. Mr. Seward has informed the provisional gover nor of Florida that the President regards the ad.op tion by the Legislature of the constitutional amend ment abolishing slavery as an indispensable prelimi nary to the restoration of the State to the Union. It is semi-officially announced that James Orr, the governor elect of South Carolina, has been pardoned ; but as South Carolina has not repu diated the rebel debt, she has failed to prepare herself for official recognition as a State loyal to the Union. President Johnson has instructed the Governor of Arkansas to continue the re-organisation and restoration of the State to the Union, and that the Government would not interfere with his proceed ings. The Courrier desEtats Unis reports that a Cabinet meeting was held on Thursday, when Mr. Seward read his answer to Earl Russell's last note, wherein the former reasserts the right of the Federal Go vernment to claim for damages committed by the Alabama. The New York Chamber of Commerce have for warded a resolution to - the Government protesting against further issues of the National Bank cur rency, and advocating a reduction of the legal ten der currency. The Java has arrived out. NEW York, Nov. 4, Morning. The New York Herald asserts that Secretary Welles has ordered the chiefs of the navy yards to prepare all the ironclads for sea, and that Mr. Stanton has stopped all sales of army waggons, means of transport, and material. The Herald at tributes this to the desire of the Administration to be prepared against any sudden Fenian move ment. President Johnson has informed the Governor of Georgia that the people should not hesitate to repu diate the rebel debt, as they never will nor can be taxed to meet that liability. Intelligence from Washington states that Mr. Seward has prepared a reply to Earl Russell's last despatch to Mr. Adams concerning the appointment of a commission for adjudicating upon the claims against the British Government. The steamer Atalanta, arrived at this port, has been detained in quarantine. She had 60 cases of cholera on board, among which were 15 deaths. The steamer Colorado left San Francisco on the 3d for Panama, with $700,000 for Now York and $400,000 for England. NEW YORK, Nov. 4 (Evening). The public debt on October 31 amounted to $2,740,000,000, being a reduction of four millions since September. It is reported that the Canadian and Federal Governments are both making military preparations against the Fenian movement. Money easier. Gold, 147. Exchange on London, 159/ ; on Paris, 3f. 55c. Stock firm and advancing —New York Centrals, 1001 ; Illinois, 1378 ; Erie, 93 ; Five-Twenty Bonds,, 1028. Cotton dull— Middling Upland, 56. Flour advancing. Wheat dull. Corn steady. Molasses quiet. Petroleum dull—Crude, 36 ; refined, 59. NEW ORLEANS, Nov. 2. Cotton dull—Middling Upland, 55. Sales to day, 1,800 bales. MOBILE, Oct. 31. Middling Upland, 54. To-day's sales, 400 bales. NASHVILLE, Nov. 3. Cotton dull—Middling Upland, 47. ARRIVAL OF THE TYNE QUEEN. LIVERPOOL, Nov. 13. The Tyne Queen (s.s.), from New York, -via St. John's, Newfoundland, on the 3d inst., arrived here this morning. The news from the United States is anticipated, and that from Newfoundland is quite unimportant and devoid of interest. MEXICO. NEW YORK, Nov. 4. The Mexican loan agency has been formally inaugurated at New York. Messrs. Rogers and Robert Dale Owen and General Wallace made speeches on the occasion. Advices from Vera Cruz to the 23d ult. state that the Imperialists had been successful in two engage ments. On the Jaicka Railroad, a train running between Paw dell lelaceo and Vera Cruz was attacked by HER MAJESTY. WINDSOR CASTLE, Nov. 13. The Queen drove out this morning, accompanied by the Crown Princess of Prussia and Princess Helena. Princess Beatrice also took a carriage drive. Princess Louise, attended by the Hon. Emily Cathcart, went out walking. The Crown Prince of Prussia went out shooting, attended by Count Eulenburg, Colonel the Hon. Sir C. B. Phipps, and Colonel H. Ponsonby. The Earl of Mountcharles and the Earl of March also had the honour of accompanying the royal party. The Lord Chancellor and Lady Cranworth left the Castle this morning. His Excellency the Prussian Ambassador and the Countess Bernstorff have left town on a visit to the Dowa ger Duchess of Cleveland, at Downham Hall, Norfolk. Their Highnesses the Prince and Princess Dmitry Soltykoff have arrived at Claridge's Hotel, from Windsor. The Duke of Leinster will arrive at his residence on Carlton-house-terrace to-day from Carton House, May nooth. The Duke and Duchess of Sutherland were ex pected to arrive in town last evening, after passing some days with the Prince and Princess of Wales at Sandring ham. The Earl of Sefton, who arrived in town on Saturday from Croxteth Park, near Liverpool, yesterday left on a visit to the Prince and Princess of Wales, at Sand ringham. The Earl and Countess Spencer arrived in town yesterday, from visiting Lord and Lady Suffield, at Gunton Park, Norfolk. Tho Earl of Winchelsea and Lady Constance Finch-Hatton, Lord Huntingfield, Lord de Lisle and Dudley, Mr. and Lady Esther Leak°, and Mr. Hughes, of Kinmel, have left the St. George's Hotel, Hyde-park corner. Lord Henry Percy left town yesterday on a visit to Mr. and Lady Margaret Beaumont at their seat, near Wakefield, Yorkshire. Lord West has left Hatfield House, Herts, the seat of the Marquis of Salisbury, for Tatton Park, Cheshire. The Right Hon. Sir George Grey arrived in town yesterday, from Fallodon. His Excellency Sir Henry and Lady Howard have left Brown's Hotel, Dover-street, for Hanover. We have to announce the death of Sir Richard Brooko, Bart., in the 81st year of his age, which event took place on Saturday, the 11th inst., at his seat, Norton Priory, Cheshire. GREAT ST. JAMES'S HALL.—Last evening his Excellency the French Ambassador, Monseigeur le Prince de la Tour d'Avergno, and party honoured the performances at this establishment, including the ballet spectacle, in which Anak, the great French giant, appeared, and gave immense satisfaction to the distinguished party and s crowded audience. SIR CHARLES Woon.---From the latest accounts received of the health of Sir Charles Wood there is good reason to hope that he will not be confined to his room for more than a few days in consequence of his recent accident. Dr. Kenyon, his medical attendant, after a care ful examination, reports that the injury to the head is confined to an abrasion of the skin, the principal injury sustained being the shock to the system occasioned by the sudden fall from his horse and his being thrown against the wall. Dr. Kenyon believes that his recovery in a few days may be fairly anticipated. The presentation of the Halifax testimonial to Sir Charles will take place shortly- On the severance of his connection with the borough at the late election a subscription was originated by his friends and supporters with a view to a substantial recog nition of his services to the constituency, and a sum of £B5O has been subscribed for that purpose. THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON TO THE PRINCESS BACIOCCHI.--" The Emperor Napoleon," says the Aloniteur of yesterday, "has addressed the following letter to her Royal Highness the Princess Napoleon Baciocchi Palace of St. Cloud, Nov. 12, 1865.—My dear Couisin,--I am anxious to tell you how satisfied I have been with inf visit to Korn er-Houet. You have now lived seven years in a country but recently almost uncultivated, amid worthy Bretons, having in view the progress of agriculture and the increase of the population which surrounds you. The success you have obtained by an exemplary perseverance deserves all my eulogies., and in encouraging you to continue, I renew to you the assurance of my sincere friendship. Your affectionate cousin, NAPOLEON." NOMINATION OF SHERlFFS.—Yesterday morning the nomination of sheriffs for the various counties of England and Wales, with the exception of Lancashire and Cornwall, took place in the Court of Exchequer, which was crowded with visitors to witness the ceremony. The Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P., Chancellor of the Exchequer, habited in his magnificent gold robes of office, took his place on the bench, being accompanied by the Lord Chan cellor, the Earl Granville, President of the Council ; Sir a• Grey, Bart., M.P., Secretary of State for the Home Depart ment ; Sir Alex. Cockburn, Bart., Lord Chief Justice of England ; Sir Wm. Erie, Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas ; Sir Fredk. Pollock, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer ; Mr. Baron Chemical, Mr. Baron Bram well, Mr. Baron Pigott, Mr. Justice Mellor, Mr. Justice Shoe, Sic. The oath was administered to the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the other distinguished persons present by the Queen's Remembrancer in the quaint old Norman French, after which he read out the counties of England and Wales in alphabetical order, and then the names of those gentlemen who were returned last year as liable to serve the office of sheriff, one of them having been subsequently "pricked" as sheriff by the Queen in Council. His name was subsequently struck off the list, and another added by the judge who last went the circuit in which the county is situate. The counties of England and Wale ° were then gone over seriatim, and the names of three gen tlemen from each county were handed over to the Quesn'S Remembrancer, to be by him enrolled as liable to serve the office next year. The pricking will take place by the Queen in Council in January, and the gentlemen in each county upon whom the lot falls will in February enter upon his year of shrievalty. Many curious excuses worn as usual tendered by gentlemen who wished to escape ser vice. In a few cases only the excuses were held to be valid, and then the names were struck out, others being substituted; but where the objector did not make out strong case the name was retained. When the lists for England and Wales were completed, the' members of the Government and learned judges retired from the court. MR. WARREN DE LA RUE'S LUNAR PHOTO GRAPHS are not only interesting as pictures of our satellite, but are found to be of great importance in a scien tific point of view, for an eminent astronomer has declared _ that, in rectifying our knowledge of the moon, more 118 ' 5 _ been accomplished by these photographs in one hour than:. by forty years' observation of occultations. This is pro' mising corroboration of what has been already remark! importanceconceini to photography,astronom astronomical t it will science. become For e x o tt f essentialnw i eh...,: moon's libration is a phenomenon of which the observation has long overtaxed tho patience and ingenuity of o bsery rs but with photography it will bo at once coin easy and exceedingly accurate. Henceforth a P graphic department will have to form part of every g°o observatory. Parathivoetoll.- 'AYH. Cash. guerillas, and two Imperial officers and eight pri vates were carried off and afterwards killed. Senor Duran had been appointed Imperial Minis ter to England. It was reported, via New Orleans, that a battle before Matamoras commenced on the 25th ult., and lasted three days, when the Republicans were put to flight, and pursued by the Imperialists. The loss of the former was 500 killed and wounded, but that of the latter was small. The Herald reports from Mexico to the 19th ult., that the Liberals had captured Huatsen, routing the Imperialists. The Tribune states that Maximilian had made important changes in his Cabinet. CANADA. MONTREAL, Nov. 4. The Fenian excitement continues, and the Go vernment is reported to be preparing for the defence of the frontier. The Toronto Leader asserts that Mr. Perreault, a member of the Canadian Parliament, has addressed the people at Sorrel. He said that the Fenian movement was caused by British tyranny. The Fenians would invade Canada in the course of the winter, and hold the Upper Provinces. Intelligence from. Toronto states that the city is picketed. Numerous private soldiers had been arrested in that city for sympathy with the Fenians. Orangemen were arriving for the defence of the district. It is reported that the Canadian Fenians have a large steamer ready for armament, and that nume rous Government officials are engaged in the con spiracy. Veg _ •', - fp. 1 ft TEE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 14, 1865.