The Sun. — London, England, 1848-09-19 00:00:00

FRANCE [The following appeared in our Third Edition of last night]:— The harvest has been an excellent and a bounti ful one. The vintage will be in quality superior to that of 1846, and indeed to any known during many years. In quantity it will not be more than an average one. The Marquis Ridolfi, late Minister of the Interior of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, but at present Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James's, left Paris for London, on Saturday. It is said that he has been instructed to propose to Lord Palmerston a Congress for the arrangement of the affairs of Italy. SPAIN. The Espana, of the 12th instant, states, that ac cording to letters received from the frontiers a new civil war is imminent in Navarre, the Basque Pro vinces, and Upper Arragon. It is said that three Montemolinist bands are expected from France, one to be directed towards the mountains of Onate, an other in the direction of Amezcoa, and the third to Sanguesa. It is added that General Elio has planned this expedition. The Three per Cents. closed on the Madrid Bourse of the 12th inst. at 19} cash ; the Five per Cents. at 10i paper ; Debt without Interest, at 3 ; Coupons at 7 paper. SWITZERLAND. The Schwyzer Vollablatt announces the conclusion of a concordat between five of the S w i ss c a n t ons , viz., Friburg, Geneva, Vaud, Berne, and Neufchatel, respecting the relationship of the Roman Catholic Church to the state. The general object of this con cordat appears to be to maintain the sovereignty of the cantons inviolate, and at the same time to abstain from all interference with the doctrines and free ex ercise of the Romish religion. The concordat will be submitted for approval and ratification to the Federal Assembly. SAXONY. A revolt took place at Chemnitz, in Saxony, on the 11th inst. Barricades were formed, and the opera tives, reinforced by numbers from the suburbs, had attacked the troops, who were not sufficiently nu merous to offer an effective resistance. The distur bances originated in the determination of the populace to liberate a journeyman carpenter who had been im prisoned fourteen months without trial. ROMAN STATES. The accounts from Bologna in the Constituziona/e Romano of the 6th are more favourable than ever. On the arrival of the Commissaries of the Pontifical Government from Rome proclamations were posted up in the most conspicuous parts of the city, calling upon the inhabitants to restore order, but they were as speedily torn down. The chronicle of the corre spondent of the Constituzionale Romano at Bologna, a column in length, describes the state of affairs as most alarming. More assassinations were perpetrated on the 2d and 3d. Apprehensions were entertained that these crimes would be continued. ()n the 3,1 a certain Commissary of Police, named Bianchi, was murdered in his own house. Father Gavazzi was to deliver his third public discourse on the same day, but it was expected that his endeavours to allay the popular storm would he unavailing, and that he himself would be compelled to provide for his personal safety by flight. Cardinal Amat arrived at Bologna on the 2d. His carriage was dragged to the palace by the mob, the horses having been detached for that purpose. This apparent inconsistency on the part of the populace may be explained, perhaps, as before, by reference to the statement that the disorderly part of the inhabi tants includes merely a miserable minority of incorri gible ruffians, who have succeeded in establishing a reign of terror in Bologna. TRIEsT E. The Osservatore Triestino of the Bth publishes the official notification of the Count Gyulai, Commander of the Illyrian coasts, announcing the conclusion of an armistice with Admiral Albini, and the raising of the state of blockade with the military Government consequent thereon. Count Gyulai accordingly re• signs his political powers into the hands of the ordi nary Governor of Trieste, and thus terminates this disastrous interruption of the trade of the Adriatic. TRIESTE, SEPT. 11.—The Austrian fleet under Kadriaffsky sailed from Trieste to Malmocco on the 11th. NORTHERN ITALY. According to the correspondent of the Paris Presse, it would appear that difficulties have unexpectedly arisen between the mediating Powers and Austria with regard to Venice. That journal publishes the following communication : " A difference has just arisen between the Imperial Cabinet on the one part and the Cabinets of France and England on the other, relative to the non-fulfilment of certain clauses of the armistice, concluded at Milan on the 9th of August last, by the Sardinian and Austrian Plenipotentiaries. " It is known that according to articles two and four of that convention, the city of Venice was included in the number of places which were to be delivered up to the Austrian troops within three days after the ratifica tion of the armistice by the King of Sardinia. That ra tification having taken place on the 10th of August. Venice, according to the above stipulations, should have been evacuated by the 13th at the latest. It would occupy too much space to recount the nu merous applications made by Marshal Badetzky to King Charles Albert relative to the carrying out of these con ditions of the armistice. On the demand of Sir R. Abercromby, the English Minister at Turin, the King. Charles Albert, at length sent orders to Admiral Albini and General Marmora to evacuate Venice. " But here an unforeseen difficulty arose. At the same time that the Austrian Government received from Admiral Albini the official assurance that the fleet and the Sardinian troops should leave the place, the same Admiral sent a messenger to Trieste, saying that the fleet would not leave the waters of Venice, without an assurance from the Austrian Government, that no at tack should be made against that city by the Imperial troops. " This formal declaration of the Sardinian Admiral coincided with the protest made by the representatives of France and England at Vienna, in case of hostilities commencing against Venice after the departure of Ad miral Albini. In a note, dated the 7th inst., and ad dressed collectively by Lord Ponsonby and M. de La tour to the Baron de Wessenberg, these diplomatists declared that by the sole fact of having accepted the Anglo-French mediation, Austria was tacitly inter dicted from the right of recommencing hostilities against Venice, the special object of the mediation being to put an end to the war by the use of conciliat ing means. " The reply of the Cabinet of Vienna was not long waited for on this occasion, and if we are well-informed it was to the following purport:— " The notification of the armistice of Milan was a fait accompli at the period when Charles Albert and the Court of Austria accepted the Anglo-French me diation. Consequently the acceptance of the media tion could not by right have any retroactive effect on the stipulations of the armistice. The Imperial Go vernment doubtless admits the principle of the status quo hs the basis of the negotiations to be opened with the mediating powers; but it cannot admit any other status quo than that which was regulated by the ar mistice itself, and the consequence of that act should be to replace the belligerent parties in the same position with regard to territory which they occupied at the commencement of the war. That being the case, Austria feels herself justified in imposing on Venice the stipulations of the armistice, from which Ring Charles Albert has already reaped considerable advantages, particularly the restoration of his park of artillery, abandoned by him at l'eschiera, and the free passage granted to his troops. " from these motives, Austria, in her turn protests against the obstacles which the mediating Powers would throw in the way of the accomplishment of the armistice of Milan, and she reserves to herself with regard to Venice, full liberty of action, the acceptance of the me diation in her opinion in no way destroying previous rights given her by the armistice. " This counter protest of Austria appears the more serious, as the armistice of Milan expires on the 21st, and King Charles Albert and Marshal Radetzky are pre paring to resume hostilities with renewed vigour, unless before the above date a prolongation of the armistice should not be agreed upon. " In this state of things the French Government has invited the E ng li s h C a bi net to un i te w i t h i t i n press i ng f orward _ the nego ti a ti ons . I n consequence o f the c l ose the Parliamentary sess i on i n E ng l an d a ll t h e Miai !tererihave retired t o th e i r country seats, b ut L or d Pal ton has promised to return to town on Monday next tineehatinvseof overcoming aconference w ith M. d e B eaumont as to the has th us met the difficulties which the mediation with at its outset." Sr- .EAM•VESS EL Allegheny, unite U N dSt A NEW PRINCIPLE.—The ates steam er , w hi c h sa i led from Rio on the 27 t h June for River Plate, is upon a new principle, the invention of her captain (Hunter). her wheels work horizontally, seven feet below the surface of the water, within the vessel, nc near the midship section; and the vessel's sides aree shut up, when under canvass alone, by a slide which dropped. from within her. The object desired to bec obtained by th© plan ex uset of canvass with pendent of the canvass, a combination ea f powers of sailing and steaming, and the bo?ler the two chinery, and propellers, being secure frorna' t e li ng t e l h a ff e e'c ra t of shot by means of a "shield deck," patented b tain, and the whole beirg below the water the power of steam is sought to be a d apted to vessels us intended to form the line-of-battle, a n d t h e cheaper moving power of the wind is left as effective as t h ough she were n o t a s teamer. She is built of iron, and h( r funnel can be lowered to the deck, as it falls on a hinge And goes into a bed of wood prepared for it ; it is telescopic. She is barque-rigged; length of spar deck, 185 feet; extreme breadth, 34 feet; depth of hold, 20 feet; armament, two pivot guns; pierced for snd will tarry six l ong 32-pounders; two cylinders of 60-inch diameter, four feet stroke, placed horizontally, one at tached to mach propeller • fire service of boiler, 4,000 feet. Her build eT i s quite sanguine of success. WEST LONDON LITERARY INSTITUTION. A lecture of a - very interesting character was deli vered on Friday the 15th instant at the West London Literary Institution, in aid of its funds, by Dr. Thomas George Tilley, a gentleman who has already attained considerable celebrity as a scientific lecturer, more par ticularly on subjects connected with chemistry. " The Chemical Phenomena of Organized Life" was the subject selected by Dr. Tilley on the present occa sion, and the ability with which he handled this in teresting topic elicited the warmest expressions of ap probation from the auditory. He first briefly described the state of the ancient world as [shown by the discove ries of modern geologists, its fluidity, its high tempera rature, and the atmosphere that surrounded it composed nearly, if not entirely, of carbonic acid, and its unfitness for the support of animal life. Vegetables of the sim plest forms only were able to exist in that primitive atmosphere, but in life and decay they prepared the soil and air for the growth of plants of more complicated and higher orgaeization. These again, in the exercise of their several functions, decomposed the elements of the surrounding medium, retained the carbon as their own food, and sent out the oxygen to prepare for the recep tion of the simpler kinds of animals. Man, the latest and noblest link of this great chain of life, was at last created into the world so wonderfully prepared for his reception. The lecturer then described some of the properties of this vital air, which by such a wise provision, rejected by vegetables, becomes the support of animal life, that supports combustion and animal heat. Man takes carbon in the shape of animal and vegetable food into his system—during its circulation :in the lungs these particles of carbon are brought into contact with the oxygen of the air, and animal heat is generated. Man is thus enabled to support variety of climates and yet keep the temperature of his body equable. In great cold more carbon is required to keep up the animal heat, and nature has provided for this want by placing in cold latitudes animals containing much oil and fat for the food of the inhabitants. Animals again that hybernate store up in the fat of their bodies carbon to support warmth and life during the winter. The lecture then pointed out the causes of the luminosity o the sea—glow-worm, and fire-fly—change of colour in the fur add feathers of animals in winter—and greyness in old age—of contagious diseaseswhich arise from breath ing miasmeta in the air following the courses of rivers— and alluded to the economy of nature which out of the same elements of matter, though in different proportions, has made the most nutritious food for man and the most deadly poisons—the arrangements by which the origina carbon is converted with nitrogen into food—and thi establishment of Mattenci's theory concerning the iden tity of muscular energy and electricity. . . . We, are happy to be - ar that Dr. Tilley has kindly ac ceded to the request of several gentlemen connected with this valuable institution, and that he will on Friday next deliver a second and concluding lecture on the same interesting topic, at the lecture-room of the institution. TESTIMONIAL TO THE RIGHT' HON. EDWARD STRUTT. Many of our readers are aware that after the unseating of our late Members it was considered a matter of duty as well as of feeling, to present to Mr. Strutt some token of the high regard the great majority of the electors of Derby felt for his public and private worth, and their ex treme regret that the borough should be deprived of those advantages which she reaped from his Parliamentary career. Some of Mr. Strutt's supporters suggested that a handsome pieco of plate should be presented to him, but the general feeling was in favour of a more cor dial manifestation, and it was decided to present him with a memorial breathing the sentiments of a large ma jority of the electors, and reciprocating the feelings dis , played in the excellent and warm-hearted address in which the Right Hon. Gentleman took I, ave of the constituency. The memorial was prepared and signed by a very con siderable majority of the electors, but it was deemed proper to defer the presentation until after the election, lest the enemy should impute to the Liberal party an in tention of influencing the result of the contest by a public demonstration in behalf of Mr. Strutt. We are happy to state that the time is approaching when that demonstra tion 'sill be made, and no one can doubt that it will be in every respect worthy of the occasion. The written address and signatures will be found in a volume, accompanied by a duplicate copy, splendidly printed in pure gold, upon white vellum, with a richly chased gold and coloured border of suitable design round each page. The coats armorial of the Strutt family will be emblazoned in their proper colour, and the Derby arms also introduced in the border. The copy will be bound in the most elegant and costly style, with the armorial bearings finely engraved upon solid silver, and the whole completed with two silver clasps, richly chased. and designed for the occasion. As a work of art we believe it will be superior to anything of the kind ever executed. It is proposed to invite Mr. Strutt on some day at the latter end of this month or the beginning of next, to a grand banquet, at which the presentation will be made. Mr. Strutt's late colleague, Mr. Leveson Gower, will also be invited to the banquet, together with our present re presentatives, Mr. Bass and Mr. Heyworth, and the gentry of the neighbourhood. The people of Derby will show that though they have been deprived of Mr. Strutt's va luable services they have not forgotten them; and that they still hold, and will continue to hold, him in most grateful remembrance. We will show, in the words of the memorial, that though our political connexion be in terrupted, our nearer and more personal regards wit remain strong as ever.—Derby and Chesterfield Reporter THE SALE AT STOWE. BUCKINGHAM, SEPT. 16.—This day has been devoted to the sale of the remaining stock of wines i❑ the Duke of Buckingham's cellars. Tht.re was nothing in the cha racter of any of the parcels calling for remark beyond the one important fact that very good prices were rea li.sed by all of them. The company, as on previous days devoted to the sale of wine, was confined almost exclusively to brokers and agents, with a small sprinkling of farmers and others re sident in the vicinity. The sale will recommence on Monday with a selection of furniture, partaking rather more of the useful and less of the ornamental character than any which has beeu yet offered. The following is an accurate statement of the receipts from the sale up to this day : First day.—Majolica, or Raffaelle ware s. d. articles ... ... ... 516 10 0 Second day.—Majolica, or Raffaelle ware china, and bronzes ... 1,070 17 0 Third day.—Furniture of Tapestry Draw ing -room, majolica, &c. 1,602 0 6 Fourth day.—Furniture of Tapestry Drawing-room, china, bijouterie, Raf facile ware, &c. Fifth day.—Furniture of the State Draw- -. 1,679 13 0 ng-room ••• ••• ... 2,147 3 0 Sixth day.—Contents of the Saloon and North Hall, &c. 2,919 1 0 Seventh day.—Music-room, Library and Print-room 2,474 13 0 Eighth day.—Sevres, Porcelain, Oriental and English table china—State Dress room ... 2,698 17 6 Ninth day.—Table china—State Bed• chamber ••• ••• ... 2,649 6 0 Tenth day.—Antique marble, bronzes, and Etruscan vases ••• ••• ... 1,116 10 0 Eleventh day.—Cellar of wines (first por tion), estimated at •.• ••• ••• Twelfth day.—Cellar of wines (second portion), estimated at ... Thirteenth day.—Gilt glass, contents of the Buckingham Room, &e. ... 1,206 10 0 Fourteenth day.—Grenville Drawing room, &c. •• ..• ... 2,136 1 0 Fifteenth day.—Cellar of wines (third portion), estimated at ... ... 600 0 0 Sixteenth day.—Collection of plate —. 2,157 17 6 Seventeenth day.—Plate continued ... 2,569 7 1 Eighteenth day—plate continued . 6,531 6 9 Nineteenth day—plate continued ... 5,248 16 5 Twentieth day—plate continued 4,932 2 1 Twenty. first day.—Pictures ... 1,876 7 0 Twenty. second day—pictures continued 1,867 18 0 Twenty-third day—pictures continued ... 5,219 4 6 Twenty-fourth day—pictures continued 10,821 16 6 Twenty-fifth day.—Celllar of wines (last portion), estimated at ... ..• 650 0 0 The sum total realised already amounts to 65,4411. 17s. 10d. Of the original sale there yet remain ten days to run, after which the supplemental sale, extending over five days, and including the magnificent geological and mineralogical collection contained in the museum has to follow. Any computation of the ultimate amount can at present be only problematical, but it seems more than likely that it will considerably exceed 80,0002 A portrait of Thomas Grenville, after Richmond, No. 225 in the Catalogue of Wednesday's sale, was erro neously described to have been knocked down to Mr. Gore Langton for five guineas. The picture was, in pio.lity, privately valued to him at that amount, and withdrawn from the public sale altogether. GOO 0 0 GOO 0 0 REMEDY FOR CHOLERA.—The following valuable prescription for the effective cure of cholera has been received from J. Booker, Esq., Vice-Consul at Cron stad t, Russia:--" The principal point is to attack the dis ease the instant it is suspected; take a stimulating dram, with peppermint, and a few drops of laudanum; cover yourself up as warm as possible, to promote perspiration, apply hot substances, such as water, bran, salt, and even sand to the limbs, and put a mustard poultice over the whole stomach. As soon as perspiration breaks out, and the beating of the pulse is restored, the complaint may be looked upon as conquered; if it is neglected till its last stage, recovery cannot bo expected." By strictly attending to the above simplo means, Mr. Booker says that no person need fear fatal consequences. LATHE FOR CUTTING BRICKS.—SOIIIe time ago, while casually looking on at some bricklayers at work, I was struck with the great waste of material and time, in the most skilful workman frequently destroying two or three bricks before he could get one to some particular size or angle. Thinking over the subject, I devised a modification of the common lathe, by which a❑ ordinary bricklayer's labourer could cut a brick to any given size or angle in less time than the most ready workman could hack h it into rough form with his trowel. By the means l a _ m ave indicated a common brick may be readily cut to being any form for ornamental purposes, the surfaces ;1 1 ,i ol g u ne i arly as accurate as through ground by hand LONG e ' 0 0 11 , , _ _, e n . tact any form, circular, angular, or plane, LONG-EXPECTED C was foretoldbsl7: me y au b ud g er ive n it, at a moderato cost.—Correpondent of and Procyon, COMET.—This comet, whose re turn Mr. Hind, a distinguished astrono morning,pitt)iet eneneYorwthas mer, has, it is said, reappeared between Pollux and Castor, north-east, with a powerful telescope. Q lt u s e l e a n st A a lary; and its It may be seen early in the in the year 1556, in the reign of 1264, in the reig n of Henrycrmer appearance in the year LI lit—Ob server. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 19, 1848. LAW INTELLIGENCE, INSOLVENT DEBTORS" COURT, Sept. 18. (Before the Cam COMMISSIONER.) IN RE GEORGE WEBB. This insolvent, formerly a clerk in the Commander. in-Chief's office, applied to be discharged from custody. He had been in prison four years. _ The CHIEF COMMISSIONER asked why an earlier ap plicatton had not been made to this Court. Insolvent replied, he had hoped to effect an arrange ment with his creditors. No opposition being offered, the insolvent was dis charged. IN RE WILLIAM BENNETT. Mr. COOKE appeared in this case on behalf of credi tors. The insolvent had in February last given a bill of sale for 150 L to a person named Hill, who, after the in solvent's arrest, put his security in force, and gold all the property, leaving nothing for the other creditors. As this proceeding was illegal, the - 61st section of the Ist and 2d Victoria, c. 110, preventing all persons from availing themselves of a warrant of attorney or bill of sale after the insolvent's arrest, the creditors re quired Mr. Hill to give up the proceeds of the pro perty, and come in for his dividend with the general body. Mr. Hill was examined, and said that having fairly got the bill of sale as a security for his debt, he would not forego it, but would defend his right at law. The CHIEF COMMISSIONER said, in that case he had no power to compel Mr. Hill to give up the property, but he regretted that person's determination, as it would lead to great litigation, and most probably entail upon him very heavy expenses. This insolvent was discharged. CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. OLD COURT. Arthur Black, a well-dressed person, wearing largo moustaches, surrendered to take his trial upon an in dictment charging him with having unlawfully threatened to publish certain defamatory letters of and concerning Edward Blackett Beaumont, with intent to extort money. The defendant pleaded Guilty. Mr. BODKIN, who appeared for the prosecution, said, that as the defendant had taken this course, he was in structed not to press for punishment being inflicted upon him. The Court was aware of the nature of the charge from the reading of the indictment, and he would there fore merely state that the defendant had threatened to publish certain letters of a delicate character, reflecting upon the prosecutor; but, as he had pleaded guilty, if he would undertake not to repeat such a proceeding, there was no desire to press forjudgment. The RECORDER ordered the defendant to enter into _ his own recognizance in 100 L to appear and receive the judgment of the Court, in case he should be called upon to do so. His Lordship at the same time observed, that he must understand that if he repeated the offence he would be liable to severe punishment. Ebenezer Tearle surrendered upon a charge of making a forcible entry and riot. Mr. Bodkin and Mr. Huddlestone prosecuted; Mr. Robinson was for the defendant. The prosecutor in this case was a person named Wells, and it appeared that he was the owner of several houses at Hammersmith. I n J une l ast t h e d e f en d an t entered into some negotiation with the - prosecutor, and desired to become the tenant of one of the houses, and an agree ment was drawn up between them with that view, but subsequently the prosecutor, from some circumstances that came to his knowledge, was not desirous to accept the defendant as a tenant, and declined to let him have possession ; upon which it appeared that the defendant hired eight cabmen from a stand in the neighbourhood, and, with their assistance, took forcible possession of the hoase, and when the prosecutor went in he found they had made a large fire in the drawing-room from the trees and shrubs in the garden, and the whole party were smoking and regaling themselves ; and this state of things continued for several days before the prosecutor could regain possession of his property. Mr. RoniNsorf, for the defendant, having urged that by the agreement between the parties the defendant had been accepted as tenant, and that he had a right to take possession, . . . . The RECORDER said, that whether there was an agree ment or not, the defendant had no right to resort to the strong hand, and employ such means as he had to obtain possession of the house. If such proceedings were per mitted, very serious breaches of the peace might be the result ; and the law, therefore, wisely discouraged such acts of violence. The jury found the defendant Guilty. Mr. BODKIN said the Court was, no doubt, aware of the object of the prosecution, and if the prosecutor could be assured that he should suffer no further annoyance he would be content if the defendant entered into a recog nizance to appear and received judgment, if ho should be required to do so. Mr. ROBINSON having conferred with the defendant, the latter consented to give up the agreement, and he was liberated upon entering into recognizances. Two miserable-looking girls, named Jane Brown and Mary Smith, were convicted of assaulting the porter at the City of London Union, and they were sentenced to 14 days' imprisonment, the relieving officer promising, at the expiration of their sentences, to have them passed to their own homes. IVEIY COURT. (Before Mr. Commissioner BULLOCK.) Selina Sinclair, a respectable looking middle aged woman, was indicted for stealing a quantity of silver spoons, forks, and other articles of plate, worth nearly 40/, and a theatrical dress, the property of her master, Benjamin Charles Jones, from his dwelling 'house. The prosecutor stated that he resides at No. 2, Ar boor-street, Peckham, and is a tobacco merchant, having a place of business at 23, Moorgate-street, City. The prisoner was his housekeeper in February last, and had Ibien so for about ten months previously. It was his practice to travel, and whilst he was from his home she had the management of his house. Upon his return from a journey in February, the prisoner left his service without any notice, and he then found the articles named had been stolen. A few days subsequently he received from her a letter, posted near Newcastle, containing the duplicates, and upon application to the magistrate Mr. Burgess, the pawnbroker with whom they were pawned, was ordered to give them up, and he heard nothing more of her until a short time back, when she was in custody at the Thames Police-court upon some other charge. Ia cross-examination the prosecutor admitted that, in addition to his trade as tobacconist, he occasionally gave Shaksperian readings in costume through the provinces, and sometimes starred in tragedy at the coun try theatres. He also was connected with the turf and play world. The police-constable who took the prisoner in custody at the:Thames Police court said that she admitted having pawned the articles, adding, that she was pregnant by the prosecutor, and had done so to keep herself and pay the expenses of housekeeping. The prosecutor assured the Court that such an asser tion was entirely false; he had a l ways f ound her plenty of money, and no intimacy of the nature she alleged ever existed between them. The jury found her Guilty, but recommended her to mercy, in which recommendation the prosecutor joined. The Learned COMMISSIONER sentenced her to eight months' imprisonment and hard labour. No other case worthy of mention occurred in this court during the day. mason'sn R L Bo NE ' labourer, POLICE INTELLIGENCE. living at 25, O r . Michael Gore, a ll chard-street, Portman-square, was placed at the bar, charged with having most brutally and l savage y as saulted Mary, his wife. Complainant, both of whose eyes were dreadfully bruised and swollen, and who was exceedingly lame and weak, in consequence of the injury inflicted upon her, deposed that on Saturday night last, as she was sitting in her room blowing th e fi re , t h e prisoner entered, and, taking the :bellows from her hand, struck her with it several blows on the head with such force that she fell senseless on the floor; what happened afterwards, while c she was in that helpless situation, in the way of violence towards her, she could not tell, but when she recovered a little she found two women with her, one of whom was imploring the prisoner not to hurt her any more ; she was scarcely able to stand, and was bruised nearly all over her body, the prisoner having no doubt kicked and tJ beaten her while she was down and before assistance g could be given. Upon a former occasion, when within f a short period of her confinement, he brutally used her, ' and she was for some time laid up. It was further shown that Stanley, 48 D, hearing loud cries of " Murder," went into the house and took the prisoner into custody, who alleged that complainant had attempted to stab him with a knife; neither of the parties was the worse for drink. The prisoner, in answer to the charge, denied having struck his wife with the bellows ; he admitted having given her a blow with his fist, but it was after she had abused him and scratched his face. He was fined 51. ; in default of payment two months in the House of Correction. WORSHIP-STREET. A rather interesting report was made to Mr. Combo yesterday, by Mr. Henry Roper, Honorary Secretary to the Distressed Need!ewomen's Society (to whom the magistrate was indebted for his exertions in investigat ing the case of a miserable sempstress named Sarah Ladd, charged at this court about a fortnight back with ille gally pledging some shirts she had been employed to make), of the result of some proceedings in which his society had been engaged for ame li ora ti ng th e con diti on of the unhappy cla ss for whose benefit that association had been formed. The gentleman stated, in substance, that the society had ascertained that one of the primary causes of the grinding wages these unfortunate beings had been forced to accept for their labour was a system which had for a length of time obtained in numerous union workhouses and prisons of the metropolis and neighbourhood, of re ceiving such work from various master manufacturers, to be made up by the inmates of their respective estab lishments, at a scale of prices which so reduced the re muneration paid to the self-supporting sempstress, that it was next to an impossibility for an existence to be gained out of it. lie had himself seen at one of the largest union workhouses some of the female inmates employed makingin full-sized shirts of such a superior description that the fair wages for the work ought to amount at least to Is. 91. each, but which were taken by the parish of the warehouses at aid. each, and of that only one farthing was allowed to the pauperwork- woman for the labour she had expended in the manufacture. The same system had been likewise pursued at one of the prisons, at which sailors' jackets were made at the rate of 2id. each, and soldiers' coats at sd. ; and although repeated overtures had been made by himself to induce a total suppression of the practice he had only been partially successful. As it was manifest that such a system must have a most prejudicial effect upon the independent sempstress, incessantly struggling to keep herself out of , the workhouse, and free from temptation to offences against society, ho bad entered into correspondence with the guardians of the chief metropolitan unions upon the subject, and the result of his labours, he was happy to state, was an unanimous determination on their part to decline taking all such contracts in future, and to con fine the labour of their work-people to the manufacture of such articles only as were indispensable for the use of their fellow-inmates ; in addition to which he had in duced several of the most respectable dealers in and makers of that kind of goods to increase the rate of wages they had before paid very con siderably, and they had displayed so much heartiness in seconding his exertions that the association to which he belonged had been encouraged to draw up a scale of prices for their adoption, to which the majority of them were of opinion that all the minor tradesmen who had any claims to respectability and hu manity would feel it their interest to accede, as it would not only greatly increase the sale of such goods, by giv ing the public a guarantee for far superior workmanship, but the condition, both moral and physical, of the ge. neral mass of such fragile and overtaxed competitors in the field of industry must be most materially raised from the starvation and misery in which but too many of them were now involved. 7 prone to more than .Oriental colctrine and exagge: ration. Though every sane man in England, and , indeed, in the world, sees that this prandial, ere . rian, and Communist rebellion must be put (low s ' yet we cannot choose but think that the putting it iows will be much more te di ous and difficult than is in gogi land comm on l y i mag i ned. The people are, men/ o f them reckle ss — many of them distressed, and man y ~,f them acting under the full conviction and belief thathheY may as well die by the sword or the axe as by the slower and more lingering death of starvation. Others of them , better off, cling to the hope of holding fast the produce of their land and labour, and paying neither rent, tit he ' nor taxes—others of them again relinquish not the ides of regaining a good fat stripe of a country which be; been three ti mes confi-cated. These are the richer a" more intelligent rebels, who treasure up Ortelius'sg e ? of Ireland, in which the properties of all the O's and:en ° are carefully r eg i s t ere d. T o rega i n these b roa d f a t a cres of the heretic and Cromwellian is, to the pious Retain Catholic a suffi c i en t mot i ve f or a relig i ous, an d, to the worldly and covetous kerne, a sufficient motive ft s servile war. The tatterdemalliona of the towns, and 1 1 ),_e ribbon-instructed cons pi rators o f t h e country, on ly look to pillage, plund er , an d t h e neg l ect of i n d ustr i a l par: suits.. The great O'Connell, now no more, show ed . them the e xam pl e o f a li f e of luxurious idleness , a n d there is not one Milesian among them all who does not wi s h t o eat an d drink as much—to ta lk as much—and to work as little as the late M.P. for Co rk county, of wordy, and place-taking, and Repeal-prowl s ' ing, and non-performing memory. Plunder is now in deed ,a popular passion in Ireland. Within the Pest week, at Fraukford, in the Queen's county, in that ye/ Saxon division of Leinster, 150 of the fine peasantry sembled, and cut down a large quantity of corn, Its within the last four or five days, an entire cock of wheat has been taken from a field near ClonmeL.i 4 dozen carts and three score of men must have been oe' cupied for several hours in its removal, yet no alarm was given, nor a finger raised to prevent the villains from plundering it wholesale. Sheep and cattle ha ve been also taken i n l arge quant i t i es, and broiled a la Si. Laurence, on a monster gridiron. Such aloyaus a a 95, such gigots a la cornmunzsme needed no such indifferent chef as Soyer to spit or roast t h em a fail. or a la Pro vencale. Now that the Irish peasant has tasted of this flesh-pot, it w ill not go very hard with his stoma c h while a Heretic hen-roost, or a Protestant piggery, stands, as they say in Ireland, to the fore. These Are the Whig-created difficulties of the situation, and there is a bitter comfort in thinking that Whigs have to deal with them. " Nec lex justior ulla Quam necis arbitrium arte perire ana." BANK OF FRANCE. The following is a return of the situation of the Bank of France on Thursday, Sept. 14, 1848: ASSETS. Cash in coin and ingots . . Ditto in branch banks ••• , Bills over due •• •• ••• Bills becoming d ue in• Paris, • of which 18,702,713f. 37 c . are f rom b ranches 76,071,468 4 0 Bills in the br anc h b an k s ... 123,270,870 63 Advances on coins and ingots... ... 14,411,004 Ou, Ditto on Fr enc h p u bli c securities ... 34,033,996 63 Ditto by br anc h banks... ... ... 1,510,9 04 01 Ditto to the St a t e on B ons d u Tresor... 50,000,000 00 Advance to the State on the loan of 15 0,000,000 f. 25,000,000 00 Stock forming reserve .• • •• • 10,000,0 00 00 Rentes, di s p osa bl e funds ... 33,902,41 3 62 Investments of th e new b ranch banks in the public f un d s ... Hotel and f urn it ure o f t h e Bank ... Real property an d b ranc h banks ... Loan of' 10,000,000 f. t o th e c i ty o f Paris Interest in N a ti ona l Di scount Bank ... ••• • •• Interest in old D epartmental Banks in National Banks of Towns Bills pr o t es t e d i n t h e Bank ... Ditto in the branches ... Expenses of administration of t▪ he Bank Ditto of the branches Miscellaneous ... Consolidation of Treasury Bon▪ ds ... f. 124,845,624 81 95,878,370 00 268,529 36 12,806,7 41 3 .,„ 9 4,000,000 00 2,521,754 00 500,000 00 200,000 00 230,000 00 -• 16,923,616 71 9,837,511 00 253,751 07 505,305 00 723,927 87 6,997,270 00 E 643,743,0 61 51 SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. Mr. COMBE said, he was well aware of the evils re sulting from the injudicious spirit of competition exist • ing amongst the manufacturers of such articles, and felt much gratification that the exertions of the society to which the gentleman belonged for promoting the benefit of such an unfortunate class were likely to be attended with so much success. SOUTHWARK William Fitzpatrick, a man of respectable appearance, attended for the purpose of making the following appli cation :—He said that he had a wife and five children, rEsrkelgttlhhhileenArdestralia, and had assurances and in May last was compelled to quit Lille, in France, where he had been for the previous eleven years engaged in the extensive lace manufactory of Mr. Massey. finding that he could obtain do ws oe vme rabnen determined s o uponmany m gratin oho e oe rville, the Secretary for Ireland, that wanf S rlo i ior n t emhceaemdhis i Sir lsoo familyVV. Somerville, n ot mt w t the object he had in view should have his sanction and assistance., to the disturbances in Owing, h h ah ad not time to devote to the emi gration otherlimportant affairs a aat h n me t and his family, and the latter were driven to great distress, and in their emer gency,lodged in St. t t to Ireland, e a r t e t f e o n r d eos S f t i droarWpit they Saviour's, they applied to the officers of that parish for relief, but they refused to assist them ; the object of the present application was to ascertain if the magistrate could compel them under the peculiar circumstances of the case. The applicant then went on to describe that, being a man of some ingenuity, he had, while on the Continent, devoted a good deal of his time to mathematical and scientific inventions; that he had discovered an invention which would prevent the destruction oflivesand property by collisons on railroads; and another important invention likewise— that of super seding the'steam-engine in propelling carriages on a rail road. The applicant here handed to the magistrate a written paper descriptive of his plans with reference to the above. He added that if he was in possession of only a little money, he would be enabled to construct models of his inventions which would convince the most sceptical as to their practicability for the intended purposes. Mr. COTTINGRAM having psrused the document, said, that he thought the invention of such a plan as that set forth --namely, one to prevent collisions on railroads, whoever he might be, or in whatever sphere of life he moved, would not only be well entitled to remuneration, but also to the gratitude of mankind. If applicant had not already communicated his inventions he had better lose no time in transmitting letters to Mr. Hudson, Mr. Glyn, and Mr. Chaplin, and if they were of opinion that the invention could be carried out there was very little doubt the applicant would be furnished with the neces sary means for enabling him to put it to the test. "At all events," add e d the worthy Magistrate, " I shall order you some assistance from the poor-box until you have made the necessary application on the subject.' The applicant, having expressed his gratitude, then withdrew. TIMES.—The insurgents of Waterford and Tipperary, we are assured, are not without either object or plan. Their present object is sheep-stealing, and their mode of operation is to steal in gangs, The " six or twelve thousand" who are said to be encamped somewhere on the top of a hill, after looking at one another for some days in that bleak situation, have made the discovery that their commissiariat was not likely to flourish by such 'a concentration and in such a locality. Ac cordingly,: Messrs. Doheny, Mahony, and O'Gorman, or whoever else are the Rob Roys of Tipperary, have had recourse to 'a very vulgar expedient. The rebel forces have divide'd themselves into parties of thirty or fifty, who have forthwith ;proceeded to break the eighth Commandment and divers laws of this realm, by forcibly abstracting, slaying, and eating the flocks and herds of their neighbours. The strength of the detachment in each instance, we pre sume, is according to the importance of the " object," fifty Irish felons being considered a proper number to sit down to an ox, and thirty to a heifer or a couple of sheep. The patriots, we are assured, have the range of an extensive posi tion. The chain of mountains which extends right across Munster from Waterford harbour to the mouth of the Shannon, with its secluded glens, deep ravines, and labyrinth of footpaths, affords unrivalled facilities for dispersion and escape. Here, then, is the Torres Vedras of Repeal. The long nights are coming, and we are to have a winter of forays, of black mail, and such romantic amusements. Stolen mutton is sweet, and should it be found possible to get meat seven days in the week, all in the cause of " Old Ireland and Rapale," we have no doubt that many will take part in so delightful a duty. Nothing can be more intelligible than such a proceeding. Living in the mountain or the desert, every now and then pouncing on the plain, and driving off a few head of cattle or a few loads of corn, is one of the oldest profes sions of life. In the Homeric times it was all but respectable ; indeed, quite so when the plea of re taliation could be alleged. But the heroic ago is past, and with it pirates and robbers are gone out of fashion. The taste of this age may be very unro mantic, but it is decidedly against thieves. For this reason we think the rebels were very unwise to ac cept so freely the title of " Felons." They were trifling with a very ugly word, and the result shows that they have weakened a moral distinction. But the age, we re peat, is against them. Should Mr. Doheny and his brother felons be apprehended with a stolen leg of mut ton or fillet of veal in their possession, society will not be indulgent to the offence, and the confounders of meant and teens will be consigned without pity to the hulks, or some antipodean purgatory of rogues. We are not in clined, therefore, to the opinion that, as often happens, the "short cut " to popularity taken by the rebels will not be found the best in the long run. It is true they have imparted an attractive look to "felony ;" but, on the oth er h an d , t h ey have stripped off a little of that disguise they assumed towards the more respectable and more comfortable classes. Every proprietor of cattle, we should think, will be opposed to a system, the first principle of which is that they be killed and eaten by the peeple at large. The British Government, too, can act with all the less scruple and reserve in the protection of property and the suppression of pillage. But, surely, an organization of cattle-stealers is not so hard to be suppressed. Munster is not quite so interminable a region as our colony at the Cape of Good Hope. We shall not have to march our troops five hundred miles from our resources, to protect an undefined frontier of two thousand miles, and follow in the trail of savages a week without seeing them. Cattle-stealing has long been put down in this island, though cattle and hungry men are quite as numerous here as in Ireland. The experience of ordinary warfare will suggest the right methods of dealing with the evil. How would any Peninsular soldier cut off a party of the enemy's foragers ? When our cavalry and rifles have exhibited a few success ful manoeuvres, the felons, if they have any spark of sense left in their minds, will begin to reflect that it is better not to be sent to one's account in the very act of robbery. Under such circumstances there must be no foolish delicacy. There is only one aspect under which a hundred armed men descending from the mountains and pillaging the plains can be viewed. They are in vaders, and as invaders they must be treated. We have no alternative. They inflict famine and starvation on the peaceful, and we have to choose between the death of the robber and that of the honest man. For our own part, we would rather see the bones of a hundred felons bleaching. on the mountain side than hear of myriads slowly pining through the pillage, anarchy, distrust, in security, and neglect, which a continuance of the evil will certainly occasion. We rest much on the audacious and unmistakeable character of the offence. The Celtic Mahrattas will be shortly dealt with. The population who are preparing to pass the winter in pillage are by no means the worst off in Ireland. On the contrary, they have always had the re putation of comparative prosperity. The Tip perary " boys " boast that by their determined spirit they have won better terms than ordinary from their landlord. The Suir passes through the richest districts in Ireland, through " golden valleys," and through vast stores of mineral wealth—through a country of mines, quarries, railways, good roads, and works afferding every variety of employment. These people have no more right to wage war against property than our own English labourers, who are often enough in great straits for a living, and who are as little acquainted with roast beef and mutton as with turtle soup and iced punch. rho only difference is, that the Irish peasantry arecursed with factious leaders, a dependent priesthood, and with a constitutional waywardness and contempt of law. We have no doubt whatever that many of the worthies who calculate upon fattening this winter on felonious mutton are actually investing in the savings -batiks or buying into the funds. Is this very improbable, when we consider that at least a million of the relief money wrung from honest, easy Eng land, was snugly invested, as it now appears, by tho Irish recipients? The cattle-stealers will, of course, save their maintenance, their rent,. their rates, and a portion of their taxes; and will find themselves so much in pocket when spring comes round. We trust, however, that Lord Clarendon, and the military autho rities at his command, will take care that the base spe culation is not without its risk. The spirit of the ad venture will cool down when the company begins to thin, and when the painful thought each day presents itself, that though they succeeded in carrying off the sheep they left a comrade in the fold. We are sorry to allude to such horrors, but mercy itself suggests the re collection of them. Bullets are better than anarchy and famine. If there must be some public calamity, let it be confined to the dreary hill sides, to defiles and glens, to midnight and to armed marauders on the one hand, and soldiers on the other. But spare the peaceful homestead, the rich valley, 'and the industrious town. Save those who have not thought of death, and are not armed either for crime or for protection. POST.—M. Thiers is rising in the National Assembly. He is made of buoyant stuff. The violence of the demo cratic storm cannot submerge him for ever. If we may apply to human what was said of divine subjects, Non confundetur et ceternum. We are glad to see M. Thiers thus vindicating the cause of sterling and tried ability against clap-trap talents; of long public practice against the temerity and empiricism of the new men; of know ledge and learning against flippancy, theory, and dog matism; of statesmanship against visionary promises; of experience against experiments; of old fame against new notoriety; of order against anarchy; of society against barbarism. In the present state of the French, General Cavaignac is a fitter ruler for them, not only than M. Thiers, but than perhaps even the Emperor Nicholas himself would be, because the latter is so very far short of the despotic master they require. Van Amburgh is the proper " moderator" of the tigers, and the present military chief of the French is the man for the Parisians. His rod of iron is a good answer to their insensate clamours and their blood thirsty struggles for liberty. But they are men at bottom, in spite of the more than Circean enchant ments which have momentarily reduced them below the level of the wild beasts. And when " the wand" shall have "been reversed," and the nefarious charms shall have been backward muttered, we look to see a milder and larger-hearted rule prevail, in the midst of a less menaced and less precarious prosperity, upon the soil of France. M. Thiers will then perhaps resume his natural position among the statesmen of Europe, and the least of the great men of the monarchy show as a giant among the Republicans. When the Commons of England in King Charles's time wanted to substitute their corporate tyranny for the much exaggerated oppressions of their lineal born Sovereign—when they had locked up the doors of the House of Peers, all for liberty, and mur dered the King, for liberty too, and declared themselves perpetual (thus re-establishing on the unauthorised and perfidious destruction of the people's franchise, to which they owed their own existence, the very thing which they had pretended it needful to abolish, that is, an independent, irresponsible House of Legisla ture)—when the Commons of England had thus trampled successively on the Lords, on the Monarch, and on the people, all for liberty, we say, and for the constitution, what did they gain? They gained a Cromwell instead of a Charles, and became the slaves of their servant, who were too proud to rest content with less than being masters of their Lords, Sovereigns of their King, a n d b tyrants of their country? And so now, after the Seine has been turned into blood, that Paris might be the paradise of unbounded freedom, equality, and fraternity, the Parisians have no freedom to move from the Fau bourg St. Antoine to the Faubourg St. Germain, with out as many forms as under the system which they found so oppressive would have carried them round .the globe ; they have no equality save that of helotry to one common superior ; no fraternity save that of courts martial, transportations, and executions. This is the moral, the eternal moral of revolutions, in whatever epoch, or under whatever sun, their disastrous and in sensate course may roll—that mob violence and anarchic uproar lead only to temporary license of an intolerable kind, to be quickly followed by oppressions ten thousand times more severe and grinding than those for which (a short time previously) men were ready to wade through oceans of carnage and horror. Nations, being composed of men, must be subject to the laws physical and moral which govern men. Contentment, moderation, diligence in the pursuits of peace, frugality in their use—these are the only roads to national prosperity, as they are the sole by-paths to individual felicity. Let the friends of order take heart. Society will for ever be too strong for its enemies, however loud at times the roar of turbulence may swell upon the ear. The rule must in the end pre vail over the exception. The future will be like the past. National Jack Sheppards and national Gawtreys will meet the fate of their individual prototypes. In past ages there have been revolutions. But the inevitable step of order more or less severe has marched over their necks. Governments have died, as men have died. But they have also li ve d ; an d as life is longer than:death, as the calm is more frequent and more constant than the storm, so are power and law longer, more frequent and more constant than anarchy and rebellion, C I VRONICLE.—We have said that Lord Grey re ferred the report of the Legislative Couucil of Sew South Wales (on the " Regulations" for the disposal of land) to the Land and Emigration Commissioners, and that their answer to that report is now published. We have great pleasure in bearing testimony to the ability with which that answer is drawn up, and to the sound ness, speaking generally, of the views which it embo dies; at the same time, disapproving of the " Regula tions" as a whole, we regret that the success with which the Commissioners have defended one part of them— that relating to the price of land—is neutralized by the tacit sanction which they givelto another part—thatirelat ing to squatters. As we have already observed, the;chief force of the argument used by the colonists against the maintenance off 1/. per acre as the minimum price of land, lies in the coincidence between the establishment of that price, and the falling off in land sales—the colo nists contending that the former is the chief, if not the sole, cause of the latter. To this point, accordingly, Messrs. Murdoch and Rogers first addressed themselves. In 1837-38-39 and 40, an extraordinary mania, as they justly observe, for buying land, prevailed in Australia ; and the results were, on the one hand, the creation of a large land fund, and consequently a considerable immigration at the public expense—but, on the other hand, the absorption of nearly the whole available capital of the colony, and a proportionate re action in the value of land. At a time when the colonists —not 100,000 in number —were thoroughly impoverished by the immense drain which their resources had ex perienced, they found themselves in possession of five million acres of land, which they did not know what to do with. At about the same time came " Lord Stanley's Act," raising the price of land, but unfortunately not soon enough to prevent this enormous accumulation of it in the bands of individuals; yet just in time to give colour to the assertion, that the effects which could not but follow directly from that accumulation were really attributable to another cause. The illustration used by the Commissioners is an extremely apposite and forcible one. In 1844.45 there was an analogous mania in this country for investigating capital in railways, andfin the latter year 1,129 projects of that nature were registered; but from that time the number rapidly decreased, until 1848, in which year not one was regis tered. Now this is quite as striking an instance of re action as has taken place in the land sales of New South Wales; and if had happened that, at the end of 1845, a law imposing (designedly or otherwise) additional diffi culties in the way of railway investment had come into operation, the reaction, which we now see to be a per fectly natural and even wholesome process, might, with quite as much plausibility, have been attributed to that law, as the reaction in Australian land-sales to the rise of price. The same process which ruined Western Aus tralia operated, though with less injurious effect, in New South Wales, causing the accumulation of excessive quantities of land in the hands of individuals, and the consequent depreciation, or rather annihilation of its value; so that not only the sale of Crown lands sunk to an extremely low point, but, as several of the witnesses examined before the Committee state, there are vast tracts now for sale at less than the lowest price for which it was ever sold by the Government. We con clude, then, that if " the exchangeable value of an acre of land in New South Wales is not twenty shil lings," the reason is, that the supply of it greatly exceeds the demand; and the only remedy for such a state of things is—not to add to that supply by facilitating the acquisition of more land—but (if practicable) to acce lerate the desired equalization by measures tending to restrict the supply. The colonists urge that the high price of land in New South Wales makes it less attrac tive to settlers than other countries where land is cheap. We believe that it is the cheapness, and not the dear ness, of land which constitutes the great drawback to prosperity of New South Wales, as it undoubtedly does to that of Western Australia and our American colonies. If mere cheapness of land constituted attractiveness, we could point out many countries where 10,000 fertile acres may be bought for a musket and a few beads. It is quite true that land is not worth twenty shillings an acre for pastoral purposes, but no more (accord ing to the testimony of every witness examined) is it worth five shillings ; and the general opinion seems to be that it is not worth buying at all. Used as an argument, therefore, for any specific reduction of the selling price, that fact is absolutely worthless; in deed the refusal of the colonists to recommend any such specific reduction shows that they perceive how clearly they would, by so doing, expose the weakness of their own case. We have, next, to consider the objection which is urged by the colonists against the other part of the ." Regulations" alluded to, and which Messrs. Mur doch and Rogers pass almost unnoticed—that part, namely, which relates to "squatting leases." On this point we think the colonists altogether in the right, and Lord Grey altogether in error. In the first place it is extremely wrong to give the Governor the arbitrary power of deciding on the rights and properties of individuals, which, according to the regulation enabling him to say what shall be "' settled' and what shall be unsettled"' land, he possesses. But a far more important objection lies to what the colonists justly term the practical fixity of tenure, which is given by leases of 14 years certain, with a right of pre-emption; and a further right of renewal, if one-fourth of the run be not bought, at one-tenth of the rent reserved on free grants. Agreeing in Lord Grey's opinion, that the over-supply of land is a very great evil, we can conceive no course more in consistent with that opinion than a policy which (as the colonists justly maintain) will make land a drug, anni hilate the capital vested in it, and expose the purchaser for a good consideration to a ruinous competition with the occupant who acquires land at a nominal price. Nay, we feel with them, that if this part of the regulations be adhered to, all haggling about the "price of land" is superfluous; for, of course, nobody will give 1/. an acre for land if be can get it for next to nothing; but neither, we should think, would he give ss. In fact, the regu lation appears to us equivalent to a grant cf all the waste land is the colony to the first persons who apply for it at the nominal rent of one-tenth of a penny—which must necessarily amount to a prohibition of sales. We are not to be understood as deprecating a system of pastoral licenses ; for we are quite aware that squat ting must take place in a country like New South Wales; and, indeed, it is highly advantageous and profitable that it should do so, and we are inclined to think that no pe cuniary restriction, however small, ought to be imposed upon it. What we object to is the " fixity of tenure," which the squatters have been allowed to anticipate and Ito claim, and which Lord Grey's , " fou r t een years ' lease, ( with a right of pre-emption,' makes practically con. plate. A free enjoyment of pastoral rights over unoc cupied wastes would, by attracting and creating capital, increase the fee-simple value of every acre in New South Wales, just as the fisheries on the banks of New foundland increase the value of St. John's ; but the practical possession of those wastes in perpetuity, at a nominal price, of course annihilates the selling value of the legal fee-simple. While the colonists are objecting to a high price as preventing the sale of land, they for get that a disturbing cause exists, which makes any price impossible. While they complain that 20s. is asked for land which is not worth that sum, they refuse ) to see that the true source of the evil lies in a policy which prevents its being worth any sum at all. HERALD.—Though there has evidently been some exaggeration in the accounts received of the rebel diss turbances in Waterford, Kilkenny, and Tipperary—there is in every country exaggeration under such circum stances, and in Ireland more than in any other —yet no man of common sense can doubt that there is in the con dition of the sister country much to appal the timid, and even to cause apprehension to the stout-hearted —appre hension not certainly of the ultimate result —apprehen sion not as to the final quenching and extinguishing of the rebellion--but apprehension, humane apprehension that it can only be quenched and extinguished in Irish rebel blood. This is the apprehension felt by brave men in her Majesty's service, and is certainly long since known to wise men—to men well acquainted with Ire land and thoroughly knowing Irishmen —to such men as R th a e d D ica u l ke m of W inis t e ( l ,r li s ng a to r n e an im d bLuoerdd Swtaintble)tsbeTaehafteeWthahgig_s: or impressed with this responsibility, we do not be e i f t a b c e t r i o n- thesta i ndedan, dangers sd norbe s o t t t h e e d m l i e e v n e : t P h e l a y c e - c k o n v o e w t i n g n , remedies for the many evils their rule has brought on this empire. But Providence has so willed it that the army is now in the hands of the Duke of Wel lington, and that is to announce to all men that the Horse Guards at least is wide awake as to the nature and exigencies of the present Irish crisis. All the available marine artillery from Woolwich and Portsmouth have been ordered to embark at once for Ireland, and 200 men of that force have, while these lines are under the reader's eye, been landed on some portion of the coast'of Ireland, with the proper amount of officers, and a bttt pterrayetiocfa foofurtbgeunms.arinNeoAortnielle:37 t a b v o e twitnessed per fectly fectly conscious, that it is the most perfect ser m v a ice b of the kind in th e wor ld ; but, at the same time, well doubted, w h et h er, unaided by other branches it oithe e service, it is the fittest to undertake the harassing du ties which will now be cast upon it. We are not about to commit the folly of schooling those who know much more on the snbject than we possess; but, at the same time, we would suggest to General Macdonald to be prepared for a desultory and guerilla warfare —very harassing in its nature, and often fruitless of result. In dealing with the rebels of Kilkenny, Waterford, and Tipperary, he should feel his way cautiously by videttes, by light skir mishers, and, to borrow a word from the Cape warfare by bush - rangers. No troops are more calculated for such a service than the rifle corps—light,- active, and composed of first-rate marskmen—but even a rifle corps should feel its way cautiously—should creep, so to speak, about the mountains and fastnesses, and never advance a step too far into thicket or ravine. A great point would be gained if the General commanding could, among the servants and dependents of the gentry, ob tain the necessary scouts. Huntsmen, whippers-in, game• beaters, game-keepers, woodmen, to whom in Ireland the generic term of " Mickies " is applied, &c., might be brought into requisiqon, and pushed forward in twos and threes at considerable distances from each other. Many volunteers, g ent l e and simple, would follow men thus knowing tho bye paths ; and posses of the constabulary might be first pushed on before a rifle or light infantry regiment. In such sort the army would be forewarned, and every shot would tell. The experienc e o f Sir ,J. Mac. donald in Sicily, Spain, and Portu the naturefu o gerilla warfare,pde an gal, h as taught him he has g ill the ( I ) ! t a ti t i u n r g e o t o f learn but the character of the peol, only dlillc. u l t i es of thecase. the country. But herein li e th e The nature of the country is most favourable to such a peasant warfare, and the character of the people is an enigma to those not initiatf d. In our Peninsular cam paigns tile " rodomantades Espagnolles" of the peasantry were the wonder, if not the admiration ot and the but the b,asting, the romancing, ,fa o nf u r r rr a on ru na of the Ibero-Celt must "pale its ineffectual ray " before the more fast and furioui fires of brother Par. What with lying, false news, affected ignorance, and positive knowledge as to thirws happening and never a b out to happen, the general must be occasionally sorely p uzz l e d . To find a reliable person will b e the great difficulty where all, even the honest and the well-meaning, esra,:' IVE.STMINSTER. Sarah Errington and Elizabeth Wesley, two women of the town, were charged with committing the following daring highway robbery:— Henry Thomas Jones, who described himself as a clerk, stated that he was going home at a little after twelve on Saturday night, and had proceeded about half way up Dean-street, Westminster, when the prisoners followed him, and Errington suddenly coming up to him swore that be should give her something for bringing her all that way. He was much surprised, and told her that he had not taken her out of the way. She then said that if he did not immediately give her something she would knock his brains out. The prisoner Wesley then came up with two men, who placed themselves on either side of him, and gave Errington sixpence to let him go. She passed the money to Wesley, and told her to look at it and see if it was good, after which she said, " this won't do for me, I must have more." Prosecutor then told her that he would give her no more, and that if she did not go off he would cry " Police." She then caught hold of him by the breast of the coat with such violence as to tear it, and exclaimed " Down with him." Prosecutor struggled to get away from her, and as he was doing so felt her hand in his pocket and immediately afterwards missed five shillings. He called "police," and the pri soners and the men ran away. He forthwith gave infor mation to the police, and the prisoners were apprehended a few:minutes afterwards. The men did nothing at the time:he was being robbed, but stood on either side of him as though prepared to act if he offered any re sistance. William Wadlowe, 238 A, proved meeting the pri• soners together in Chapel.street, Westminster, at about a quarter to one o'clock, and taking them into castody, when they were immediately identified by the pro secutor. The accused said they knew nothing about the rob bery. William Nowlan, 56 B, proved that the prisoner Wesley was tried and convicted of f e l ony i n O ctober last, and imprisoned for six months with hard labour. The prisoners were fully committed for trial. THAMES. John _Richmond, a twine-spin ner , i res idi ng in Wal worth, who appeared to be n a weakly condition from recent loss of blood, was brought before Mr. Yardley, charged with attempting to murder hi s w if e an d after wards inflicting wounds on his own throat. Mr. YARDLEY said, the case must inevitably go before &jury, and that before it was finally disposed of, it would be necessary to have the evidence of Mr. Robertson. the surgeon who attended Mrs. Richmond after she was wounded. lie remanded the prisoner till to-morrow, and directed that he should be closely watched. EDINBURGH GAZETTE E XTRAORDINARY.—An Ex traordinary number of the Edinburgh Gazette was pub ished on Wednesday, containing addresses to her Ma ,esty, on the occasion of her arrival at Aberdeen, from the following bodies:--The Provost, Magistrates, and Council of the city of Aberdeen; the Provost, Magis trates, and Council of the city of Old Aberdeen; the Chancellor, Rector, Principal, and P ro f essors of the University and King's College, Aberdeen; the Chancel lor, Rector, Dean of Faculty, Principal, and Professor of Marischal College and University, Aberdeen; the Ministers and Elders of the Presbytery of Aberdeen, in connexion with the Free Church of Scotland; the No blemen, Deputy-Lieutenants, Justices of the Peace, and Landholders of the county of Kincardine; and the Pro vost, Magistrates, and Town Council of Arbroath. Ad dresses were also presented to his Royal Highness Prince Albert from the Chancellor, Rector, Principal, and Professors of the University and King's College, Aberdeen; the Chancellor, Rector, Dean of Faculty, Principal, and Professors of Marischal College and Uni versity of Aberdeen; the Provost, Magistrates, and Council of the city of Old Aberdeen; and the Ministers and Elders of the Presbytery of Aberdeen, in connexion vith the Free Church of Scotland. Her Majesty nd his Royal Highness were graciously pleased to re eive the addresses in person. A MAN SHOT.—On Saturday night last, about vvelve o'clock, Mr. Godfrey Holden, farmer, of Darton, near Barnsley, heard some parties about his promises, and on looking out of the window saw three men, two "Pon the roof of the house, taking off the slates, the hied standing upon the ground. The farmer fired his an through the window at the thieves, and one of them 'ell, but was carried off by his comrades. On the fol lowing morning a wounded man was found in a stable belonging to Mr. Tetty, at Darton, about half a mile from M r . H o l den ' s farm' . His name is Samuel Gled bill, and he is now at his house on Worsborough Com mon, without the least chance of recovering, a bullet having entered between his thigh and his body. Mr. Holden had had a great number of fowls stolen within the last ten days, and other farmers in the neighbour whilst backing a horse, th e an i ma l neighbour hood suffer e d s i milarly. Shortly even w who afterwards, inquest was h eld on the bodyession of accidents whi c h of Nathan Parr, aged fifty terminated i n hi s death. A fortnight ago he hurt his left thumb, it h aving been jammed between two casks. snapped at hi m and bit him between the wrist and the elbow. The p a i n resulting from this accident extended from the arm i nto the body ; but when he began to re cover from the e ff ects, his work, ho fell suddenly and was nearly able to return to upon the footpath outside his own door, and received a severe cut on the right side of his head. He probably might have recovered from this latter accident had not lock-jaw, resulting from the in jury to the thumb, set in, and that speedily finished his earthly career. Verdict, " Accidental death."—Liver pool Mail. SINGULAR CAI'TURE.—A fine stag, two years old , was captured on Friday, by th e cre w of the Laurina, Wedlock, maste r , on her voyage from W atc h et to Swansea, about t wo m i les off the Forelan d , an d b roug ht safe and sound to th e latter port. Whether the heat of the chase, or late n t d esire to behold his graceful ant lers reflected in the pellucid mirror of the deep, induced the frolicsome creature to play the wild rover, we cannot conjecture; but certain it is the long swim he had taken, although it had wetted his kicket, had by no means damped his ardour, for after he had been taken on board th e ves , el he becam e so restive that it was found necessary to fasten him to a ring bolt on deck. Mr. Thomas, shipbroker, has since purchased the animal for 51., and, from the care taken of it, it is very probable ho will never again have an oortun ity of alarming the sailors, wh o ver i ly believed,p from seeing the horns at a distance, that it was Old Nick himself taking a cooling and refreshing bathe. We hear that this stag had shown the DevOn and Somerset hounds considerable sport, and when the huntsman had all but, as they sup posed, secured their game, their mortification may be imagined at perceiving, from the brink of the hill, the capture of the stag by the sailors, who bore off the much prized forest venison to a port across the channel.— Sherborne Chronicle. LIABILITIES. Capital . f.67,900,0 00 00 Ditto of the new Branch Banks ••• 23,3.50,00 0 00 Reserve fund ... ••• ••• 10,000,000 00 Ditto of the branch banks • 2,980,75 0 „„l 4 R.serve-imtnobilier e ..• ••• 4,00 ° ,000 IP Notes to bearer, in circulation 319,675,500 00 Ditto of the branch banks • 51,927,500 00 Ditto to order (p ost -b i ll s ) • 981,82 8 10 Account -current with Treasury ... ...... 7491:518258:373241 42 Various acco un t s current 30 Ditto in branche s ••• ••• ••• 23,724,38 4 0 0 Receipts payable at sight ... ... 2,896,800 00 Ditto at branch es ••• '•• ••• 2,318,318 00 Bills of the b ranc h banks payable by the Bank ... 5,213,463 46 Ditto of the Bank payable by branches.. 2,390,770 0 0 Dividends payable ••• • • ••• 847,455 25 Liquidation of the Algiers Bank ... 962,134 04 Discounts, interest, and expenses ... 1,165,692 42 Ditto branch bank ... ••• ••• 1,441,102 00 Re discounts of the last six months ... 422,932 27 Ditto in branch banks .. 641,218 00 Miscellaneous ••• ... 189,153 11 Certificate confirmed, The Governor of the Bank, f. 643,743,061 51 D'ARGOUT. NEW ZEALAND. The New Zealand journals give the following amen of the progress of a r o ad, f orme d un d er Captain Ilamilto Russell, of the 58th Regiment, from a report require' by the Government. which speaks most favourably with regard to the New Zealand labour employed upon it:-- " They rapidly improve as workmen, and it is extol: ordinary that men whose previous lives have been passed in uncontrolled idleness, should now work for months together so incessantly as to rest but one hour out of ten, and under such restriction as not to be allowed to smoke or even to talk, to the interruption of their work ; yet this result has been obtained by means so slight as to appear quite insufficient. An idle workman is occa sionally tined sixpence, or if so talkative as to interrupt work, he is placed alone without listeners ; if he has given satisfaction, he perhaps receives his week's wages in crowns, or it otherwise, in sixpences. If a trouble some character, he is discharged ; and though the super intendents of parties have been detached many m iles from any Europeans besides their overseers, in the wildest and most inaccessible places, there has never been an instance of violence towards them or the over seers. The greatest crime has been that of stealing an axe by a discharged native, when another of the tribe, after working all day, travelled all night to recover it, and returned with it in time for work the next morning- The means by which this control is maintained are, the exercise of strict justice in keeping our engagements with them, and firmness in insisting on their doing the same by us. I have been fortunate in having the as sistance of gentlemen as superintendents of parties, who have carried out my views most fully, and withor.t whom the effect which has been produced upon the character of the labourers could not have been obtained. They assure me that the bearing of those natives where they have known them up the coast, was so different to that which they now exhibit with the parties, as to make them appear a different race. In disposition they appear cheerful not quarrelsome amongst themselves, nor vin dictive. So singularly free from the vice of drunken ness as to enable me to repeat the assurance that I gave, your Excellency some months, since, that not a case has ever yet come under the observation of myself or the , superintendents of parties. Those who profess Christi anity, as is the case with the majority, are strict in their religious observances, nothing being allowed to inter fere with the morning and evening worship; those who do not, however, are not unfavourably distinguished from those who do. They do not now object to the mixture of the tribes in working parties, though at first they were much opposed to it.' The Earl and Countess of Arundel and Surrey, with their daughter and suite, left Blackwell on Satur day morning by the General Steam Navigation Com pany's mail steam-ship Ocean for Rotterdam, en route to Manheim, on the Rhine. BIRTHS. On the 13th inst., at Esher, Mrs. H. Neville, of a son. On the 14th inst., at the Vicarage, Crowle, Lincolnshire, the lady of the Rev. W. Duncombe, of a daughter. On the 14th inst., at Glocester-square, Hyde-park, the lady of J. Fraser, Esq., of a daughter. On the 15th inst., at Drayton-terrace, Old Brompton, the wife of T. C. Bates, Esq., of a son. On the 15th the wife of he Rev. inst., C at th H. ,GRaye,ecto of ry, a Stson.. Matthew's, Ipswich, t. G T r On the 15th inst., at Andov er, H ants, the wife of A. s inst., on" at Por c h ester-terrace, Bayswater, Mrs. 16th inst., at G reat George -street Westminster, of o a . son. On tIEh ti se e 6 1.0 nv t , at 5 0 q 111 . , , the !wife of Mr. W. Pole, of a daughter. MARRIED. On the 28th of June last, at Moose Factory, Hudson's Bay, Mr. J. S. Clouston, to Margaret, eldest daughter of R. Miles, Esq , Chief Factor of the Hon. Hudson's Bay Company. On the 12th inst., act St. James's, Paddington, J. R. Ro binson, Esq., of rwk-villas, to Edith, widow of the late T. [Mann, Esq., of Warwick -villas, and Hertford. On the 14th inst., at Scarborough, Mr. H. Morgan, of Birmingham, to Hannah, only daughter of T. M. Livett, Esq. H On the lath i nst., at the parish church of Sc. John's, ackney, Edward Hamilton, eldest son of C apta i n Thomas Hoskins, R . N ., to Susannah', elder daughter of the late J. Nalder, Esq. of Grove-place, hackney. DIED. On the 2d inst., at Pierre Les Calais; France, Robert P. Waters, Esq., aged 53. On the 9th inst., W. IL Prescod, Esq., of the island of Barbadoes, and of Alstone Lawn, near Cheltenham. On the 11th inst., at the Red-ledge, Bristol, aged 35, the Rev. J. C. Prichard, late vicar of Mitcham, Surrey. On the 13th inst.. at Hutton Locras, near Gisborough, Yorkshire, aged 26, Melville Barbara, the wife of G.-Reade, Esq., of that place. On the 13th inst., at Greenwich, Kent, I sabella, relict of the late C a pt a i n G. Mackenzie, aged 86. On the 13th inst., at St. Alban's. aged 57, Miss Elizabeth Falkland. On the 14th inst., Henry Cobb, Esq., formerly commander of the Hon. East India Company's ship Kent, aged 60. On the 15th inst., at Newingtor-place, Mrs. Clutton, the widow of Owen Clutton, Esq., aged 64. On the 15th inst., at Twickenham, Ann, the wife of Mr W. Chillingworth. On the 16th inst., Mrs. Elizabeth [Blundell, relict of the late T. I. Blundell, of St. John-street, Clerkenwell, aged 87. Lond- ion: Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, at No. 112, St ran d, P r i nter, at The Sun Office, No. 112, Strand, in the Precin c t of the Savoy. in the county of Middlesex, Tuesday, Septemb er 19, 1848. 111 ANK 'rhe ( Sant of That a - qe text, tier, 41 Oct DIVIDE Cou rt , p 0 , ( IRAN NA WA' }'ore C a l ''''° o 4 sad ] No utile Prom The • 6, illy - 4 :• 7,71. i „rrein the 1 Ye, 2!4,1 , ,t 414,11 , , Ttle.T it. , I ttexec - Pseeazee 41 tte1 to *IA Oraniinniel /Very ~)BOAT TI /Ares Mont kekete ; transwlck ' , Per Packt etureh-stre( dens 10, 1 R,O These be; Derfeetion. BePtembar cant displa . knd clescen( Dancing in • 4 full Atilit Retreshri The steal ~1 -- ... To be LIGHT vest Stn .pAr re tories, de for the so Carbon ( The a( IttlY purl and the It Is pert' 1 1la, & e . health oi it is road It ma 30 9,1tez reaaor Gxu 11, /Tenn* Frateis .r Walt „„i 4 noraso Jahn Ks .•hu G. 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