The Sun. — London, England, 1852-04-09 00:00:00

BAZ4K. RETURNS. (From the London jazette of Tuesday.) An Account, pursuant to the Act seventh and eighth Victuriz, cap. 32, of tha Average Amount of Bank Notes of the sevcral Banks of Issue. in Eagland and Wales. in Circulation daring the Week ending Satur day, the 27th day of March, :852: Average PRIVATE BANKS. Amount. Andover Bank, Andover—heath and Ct 10,128 Ashford Bank, Ashford--Jemmitt and Pomfret 11,263 Aylsham Bank, A.ylshamt—R. and G Copeman 4,205 Aylesbury Old Bank., Aylesbury—Riektord and Hunt Baldock Balcinok Bank and Baldock and Biggleswade B a ldock—Wells, Hogg, and Linds ell ... 26,648 Barnstaple Bank, Barnstaple—Marshall and Co 10,659 Basingstoke and Odiham Bank, Basingsto ke-- Seymour, Lamb, and Co. ............ ....... 15,834 Bedford Bank, Bedford—T. Barnard .... ......... 31,983 Bedford and Bedfordshire Bans, Bedford Trapp, Halfhead, and C...................... o. .. Bew - dley Bunk, Bewdley—Nicil°ls7 Baker, and 11,413 Crane................................... Bicester and Oxfordshire Bank and Oxford Bank, Bicester—Tub b and Co. •• ..•• ••• ••• 13,558 Birmingham Bank, Birmingham—A.ttyro:: ds, Spooner, and C 0............... 21,376 lirraingham and 'Warwickshire Bank, Birming- 10,755 ham--J. L. Meilliet t, and Sons 3landtord Bank, Blandford—Bastard anu Oak 7,034 3 oston Bank, B o ston—Garfit and Co 52,183 Boston Bank, Bosto n—Gee and Co 13,564 5, Bridgwater Bank, Bridgwater — J. &J. Sealey 510 Bristol Bank, Bristol—Miles, Harford, and Ca. 32,730 Broseley and Bridgnorth, and Bridgnorth and Broseley Bank, Broseley—Messrs. Pritchard 15,994 B uc kingham Bank, Buckingham Bartlett, Parrott, and Co. B u ry and Suffolk Bank, Sudbury Bank, .....................••• .. S 19,3:2 Bank, Bury—Oakes, Bevan, and Co. 64,893 Banbury Bank, Banbury—Gillettend ,Tawney. 59,224 Banbury Old Bank, Banbury—srs. Cobb... 23,853 Bath City Bank, Bath — Molt er and Son 3,170 Bedfordshire Leighton Buzzard Bank, Leighton Buzzard—Bassett and G rant 32,531 Birmingham Bank, Birmingham —Taylor and Lloyds . ....................... .......... ..... 28,618 Bradford Old Bank, Bradford, Yorkshire—H. A. and W. M. Harris and Co 12,680 Brecon Old Bank, Brecon—Wilkins and Co 52,771 Brighton Union Bank, Brighton—Hall, West, and Borrer Burlington and Driffield Bank, Burlington— Harding, Smith, and Co .... • . 10,748 Bury St. Edmunds Bank, Bury St. Edmunds— J: Worlledge and Co. Cambridge Bank, Cambridge—Mortlock and 2,053 ". 16,613 Sons Cambridge aid Cambridgeshire Bank, Cam bridge—Messrs. Forsters Canterbury Bank, Canterbury—Harn:nond and • ••••••• C3,nnarthen Bank, CArrnarthea—Morris and 27,500 Sons Cherssey Bank, Chcrtsey—Messrs. La Coate Colchester Bank, Colchester—Round, Green, and Co. Colchester and Essex Bank, Witham and Essex Bank, and Hadleigh Bank, Suffolk, Colchester —Mills, Bawtree, and Co Cornish Bank, Truro —Tweedy and Co. . . Coventry Bank, Coventry—Little and Wood- 13,471 3,862 16,39-1 30.127 36,531 cock - . 1• City Bank, Exeter—Milford and Co Craven Bank, Settle—Birkbecks and C 0... CardiX Bank, Cardiff—Towgood and Co Chepstow Old Bank, Chepstow Bank, Mon mouth Old Bank, ?.lonmcuth Bank, Brecon Bank, and Ross anti Herefordshire Bank, Chepstov—Bromage, Snead, and Co. ... . Derby Bank, Derby—Measrs. Evans Derby Bank; Derby —Smith and Co.: W'rby Bank and Scarsdale and High Peak 'Bank; Derby—Crompton, Newton, and Co Devizes and Wiltshire Bank, Devize3—linghe3 Locke, and Co . . Dias Bank, Diss—Oakes, Finchana, and 'Co Dencra,ster Bank and Retford Bank, Doncaster Cooke and Co Darlington Bank, Durham. Bank, and Stockton on-Tees Bank, Darlington—Backhouse, & Co Devonport Bank, Devonport—Hodge and Nor- 6,923 20,225 73,713 4,634 6 ; 843 12,651; 3J,157 27,9131 9,712 10,140 56,033 71,07 msn Dorchester Old Bank and l)orsetshire Bank, Dorlhester—Williarns and Co. East Cornwall Bank, Lislteard—Robins, Foster, aril Co. East 'tiding Bank, Beverley—Bower, Hail, and Co. Essex Bank and Bishops Stortford Bank, Chelmsford—Sparrow , and Co. Exeter Bank, Exeter—Sanders and Co Fakenham Bank, Fakenham—Gurneys, Birk beck, and Co. Farringdon Bank and Bank of Wantage, Far ringdon—Barnes and Medley Farnham Bank, Farnham—Messrs. Knight Faversham Bank, Faversham—Hilton and Co Godaiming Bank, Godahning—Mellersh and Keen Guildford Bank, Guildford—Messrs. Hay don... Grantham Bank, Grantham—Hardy and C 0.... Hastings Old Bank, Hastings — Smith, 9,130 41,378 99,083 43,840 39,398 27,622 18,180 6,258 12,910 5,289 4,163 6,670 24,471 and Co. Hereford City and County Bank, Hereford— Matthews and Co. Hertford and Ware Bank. Hertford—S. Adams and Co Hull Bank and Kingston-upon-Hull 13ank, Hull —Smith, Brothers, and Co. Huntingdon Town and County Bank, Hunting don—Rust and Veasey -larwich Bank, Harvrich — Coe,Cobbold, and Co. Hemel Hempstead Bank, Hemel Hempstead— Smith, and Whittingstall . . . Hertfordshire, Hitchen Bank, Hitchen—Sharpies and Co. Hereford, Ross, and Archentield Bank, and Ross and Archenfield Bank, Hereford—Morgan Hoskins, and Co Ipswich Bank, Ipswich—Bacon and Co. Ipswich and Needham Market Bank, Suffolk, Hadieigh Bank, Manningtree and Mistley Bank, and Woodbridge Bank, Ipswich -- Alexanders and Co. Kentish Bank, Maidstone—Mercer, Randall, and 'Mercer Kington and Radnorshire 13 ink, Eington—J. Davles and Cm Knighton Bank IcApighton—J. Davies anti C. Knaresborough Old Bank and Ripon Old Bank, Knaresborough—Terry and Co-• ..... Keu4al Bank, Kendal—Wakefield, Crewdson, andC0......................... .... Kettering Bank, Retterine-,—Goth.. ............... Lane End Staffordshire Bank, Lane End—C nd Sons„ Ilary3y and. Son .......... Leeds Bank. Leeds—Bee' • 4,..tt an d c o Lseds Union Bank,Lqeds—W.Williarns, Brown, and C). ... Leicester Bank, Leicester .. ... .... ...... : ....... Lewos Old Bank, Lewes—Molinari l a lirby••• sa LitchFeld Bank, Lichfield—Pal mer C 0.... Lincoln Bank, Lincoln—Smith and C0..........Gre Lampeter Bank and Llandilo Bank, . very—David Jones and C o , ......... aado- Loughborough Bank, Loughborough--::\ildi n * tons and Cradock ......................... Lymington Bank, Lymington—C. and . .. .. Barbe . .. .. ............. Lynn Regis and Lincolnshire p. B an k , Lynn Re"is —Gurneys and Co. ....... ........... 30,421 Lynn Eogis and Norfolk Ban , c, Lynn • Regis— Jarvis and Co. Macclesfield Bank, Macclesfield—Broeklenurst 25.310 15,509 21,021 17,401. 39,130 3,771 21,580 34,997 16,203 17,150 53,234 13,900 13,453 9,532 13,554 33,954 7,752 5,160 52,112 37,297 26.117 30,367 13,349 70,5'64 and Co.................... ........................... Manningtrec Banlc,Manningtree—Nunn and Co Marlborough Bank, Marlhorou , gh and Wilts Old Bank, Marlborough Old Bank, M ar l_ borough Old Bank and illingerford Bank, Marlborough—Tanner and Hungerford Bank , and Pinckney Marlborough and North Wiltshire New Bank, Marlborough—Ward, Nlerriman, and Merionearthire Bank, Dol,geily—Jones and Wihia.w Miners' Bank, Truro—Willygins and C 0......... Monmouthshire Agricultural and Cona:norcial Bank, Ah3rgavonny—Baileys and Co Monmouth Old Bi.nic, Mortalolth Bank, Be3ou Bank, Chepstow Bank, Chr d atow Old Bank, and Loss and lierdorfshiro Bank, Monmouth —Bronaa : tr. and Snead Monmouthshire Newport Oid Bank, Newport Williams and 50n5........ Newark Bank, Newark—Goifreys and Batton Newark and Stamford flank, and Stanford and Newark Bank, Slcaford—llzwiley, Peacock, and Co Newbury Bank, Newbury—Bunny and Slocock. Newmarket Bank, Newmarket—Eaton, Ham mom . ] and Sou Norwich G r own Bank, Nor wich—tiarvey s and 1ind50n5......................................... Norwich and Norfolk Iltuk, Norwich . .." —G . . r nevs and Birkbeck Nottingham and Notttn„gbamshire Bank, Not tingham—flart, Fellows, ani C Nuneaton Bank , Nuneaton—raddock and 9,379 6,930 3,7 t 0 11,649 3,137 1,704 4,862 12,562 23,91 13,3-19 24,417 39.185 21,406 11,912 44,320 53,897 8,136 2,8 7 5 ?aavalo ... .......... .... ............................. L' Ba n k, Pl ym outh—fiarris, Mu dg e, and Co.. ............ . 11,1 v . . ....................... . . Bank, Sarum— Ever At, and NOstiesnt.g.;;;l;B..:6l—n.k.., ..... .... ...... g—h.a—n;—Stnith and Co. end and Oswestry Old Ba,zik, Os westiy—cro x. ' Oxford old ).. %,.. 1 3 ,R am co ........................... end , Oxfo r d—lZ o bi nso n, Parsons, Oldßank Tonbrid ..... ............................. Wells Old B an q ', ° , ll bridge and Tonbridge We 114 and Seytur3ai ,-nrid7 ' e and Tonbridge Beeching and Sons._ Tonbridge— O l foriakire Jitney BZI Ea ; ... .........•. .......... a nd Co .... ............... PO3S9'3 Old Bank , Hull, the II ......... . Daverley Bank, Hull—Pease a u l ( „ - -,,""ank and Penganee Bank, Penzance—Batten .......... .• 37,553 Peterborough Bank and Oundle B an k —°••• 9,724 borough —Xlo , 3rs. Yorke ........ P '"' Pemorokeshira Bank, liayerfordwest:2"4 ....... and ',39U 23,716 12.774 24,289 10,344 32,645 7,228 9,295 W. Walters .......................... ......... Reading Bank, Reading —Simonds an d Co .... 1.1 8 •584 Reading Bank, Reading—Stephens,Biandy, and 26,233 . . . C 0................... . ........ • ... i . • Co 2 7 , 490 Itacnmond Bank, Richmond— toper and C 5 ,22& 1 Rclohdale Bank, Rochdale--Clenaent, itoyds, and Co 5.063 Royston Beak Iloyston-Jordhsiu and Roue.. 10)999 TilE SUN, LONDON, SOCIETY OF ARTS• Average Araoun 1 Rochester, Chatham, and Strood Bank Roches ter —Day and Nicholson 1 7 ' Rugby Bank, Rugby — But lin and So n 12,994 Rye Bank, Rye—Ponafret and Co. Ross Uld Bank, Herefordshire, Ross—Pritchard and Allawny ..... Saffron Walden and North Essex Bank, Saffron Walden —Messrs. Gibson Salop Bank, Shrewsbury—Burton, Lloyd, and C 0............. ......... . ............................. Scarborough Old Bank, Scarborough—Woodall and............... ............... ............... Shrewsbury Old Bank, and Shrewsbury and Ludlow Bank, Shrewsbury—Locke, Eytons, and Co Sittingbourne and Milton Bank, Sittingbourne —Valiance and Son Southampton Town and County Bank, South ampton—Haddison and Pearce Southwell Bank, Southwell—Wylde and Co Southampton and Hampshire Bank, Southamp ton—Atherly and Fall • Stone Bank, Stone—W. Moore Stafford Old Bank, Stafford—Stevenson and Co Stamford and Rutland Bank, Stamford—Eaton, Cayley, and Co. . Stourbridge Old Bank, Stourbridge—Bate and 3,596 28,058 13,532 21,147 - Robins - Shrewsbury and Welshpool Bank, Shrewsbury —Beck, Downward, and Co. Taunton Bank, Taunton—Messrs. Badcock Tavistock Bank, Tavistock—Gill, Rundle, and Co Thornbury Bank, Thornbury—Rolph, Yates, and Parslow Tiverton and Devonshire Bank, Tiverton—Duns ford and Barne Thrapston and Kettering Bank, Northampton shire, Thrapston—Yorke and Eland Tring Bank and Chesham Bank, Tring—But cher and Son Towcester Old Bank, Towcester—J. and S Percival Town and County of Poole Bank, and Ring wood and Poole Bank Ledgard and Sons' Union Bank, Cornwall, lielston—Vivian and 34,210 2,090 10,620 13,676 3,720 10,111 28,130 22,838 21,297 9,334 7,262 8,675 10,456 13,623 8,910 9,989 Co. Uxbridge Old Bank, Uxbridge—Hull, Smith, and Co. Wallingford Bank, Wallingford—Hedges &Co 7,529 Warwick and Warwickshire Bank, Warwick— Greenway and Co. Wellington Somerset Bank, Wellington—Fox, Brothers West Riding Bank, Wakefield, and Pontefract Bank, Wakefield—Leatham, Tew, and Co. Whitby Old Bank, Whitby—Simpson, Chap man, and Co Winchester, Alresford, and Alton Bank, Win chester—Bulpett and Co. Winchester and Hampshire Bank, Winchester —Wickham and Co. Weymouth Old Bank and Dorchester Bang, Weymouth—Elliott and Pearse Wirkesworth and Ashbourne Derbyshire Bank, Wirkesworth—Arkwright and Co. Wisbech and Lincolnshire Bank, Wisbech— Gurney and Co. Wiveliscombe Bank, Wiveliscombe—P. and W Hancock 7,430 Wolverhampton Bank, Wolverhampton—Good• ricke and Holyoake. Worcester Bank, Worcester—Farley, Lavender, 8,523 12,770 20,090 4,871 6,574 and Co. Worcester Old Bank and Tewkesbury Old Bank, Worcester—Berwick, Lechmere, and Co 63,239 Worcestershire Bank, Kidderminster—Farley and Turner Walsall Old Bank, Walsall—Charles Foster and Sons Warminster and Wiltshire Bank, Warminster— Everett and Co. Wolverhampton Bank, Wolverhampton — Messrs. Fryer Yarmouth and Suffblk Bank, and Halesworth and Suffolk Bank, Yarmouth—Gurney, Birkbeck, and Co. Yarmouth, Norfolk, and Suffolk Bank, Great Yarmouth—Sir E. K. Lacon, Bart., and Co York Bank, York—Swann, Clough. and Co— JOINT-STOCK BANKS. Sank of Westmoreland, Kendal Barnsley Banking Company, Barnsley Bradford Banking Company, Bradford 'Elston District Banking Company, Wolver hampton Bank of Whitehaven, Whitehaven Bradford Commercial Banking Company, Brad ford Burton, Uttoxeter, and Staffordshire Union Banking Company, Burton-upon-Trent Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Banking Company, Chesterfield Cumberland Union Banking Company, Work- 7,275 15,083 10,790 34,105 12,235 39,127 10,136 8,076 46,647 7,680 28,504 18,277 52,348 7,975 32,717 in ;ton Cieltenham and Gloucestershire Banking Com pany, Cheltenham Coventry and Warwickshire Banking Company Coventry Coventry Union Banking Company, Coventry.. County of Gloucester Banking Company, Chel tenham Carlisle and Cumberland Banking Company Carlisle Carlisle City and District Bank, Carlisle Dudley and West Bromwich Banking Company, Dudley Derby and Derbyshire Banking Company, Derby Darlington District Joint-Stock Banking Com pany, Darlington East of England Bank, Norwich Gloucestershire Banking Company, Gloucester 133,570 Halifax Joint-Stock Bank, Halifax 17,275 Huddersfield Banking Company, Huddersfield 32,761 Hull Banking Company, Hull 22,684 Halifax Commercial Banking Company, Ha lifax ......................................... 12,00 1 Halifax and Huddersfield Union Banking Com pany, Halifax Helston Banking Company, Holston . 1,444 Herefordshire Banking Company, Hereford 16,900 Knaresborough and Claro Banking Company, Knaresborough 26,637 Kingsbridge Joint-Stock Bank, Kingsbridge 3 ,135 Lancaster Banking Company, Lancaster „ 55,923 Leeds Banking Company, Leeds Leicestershire Banking Company, Leicester Lincoln and Lindsey Banking Company, Lincoln 44,365 Leamington Priors and Warwickshire Banking Company, Leamington Priors - Ludlow and Tenbury Bank, Ludlow 9,866 Moore and Robinson's Nottinghamshire Bank ing Company, Nottingham Nottingham and iv ottinghamshire Banking Company, Nottingham Newcastle, Shields, and Sunderland Union Joint- Stock Banking Company, Newcastle National Provincial Bank of England, Birming ham, Head-office; 112, Bishopsgate-street, London North Wilts Banking Company, Melksham 44,633 Northamptonshire Union Bank, Northampton 66,630 Northamptonshire Banking Company, North -21,362 araptnn ........... rs‘hVae Banking lesßan Company,k,Liverpo Lei .... Liverp001....... 25,932 2Naorretsh,santic.el South 44 1: 1 7 4 0 0 4 Sheffield Bankiitg• S a c d e d s l t e e w r ... B . ; Sll,eSffi. ad e l d d l . 33.935 Boston .. ....................... ... tn .. .. 50 920 anfoyr,cl,tSarnparoldridn.gC.,'i:o.a.inn.:l . .. Stamford, .. Bristol Somerset litpmuckey'ss Banking Company, p 38,825 s p 'n o i r r t e S ora ...ersetshr f e Bank, Lang- 308,37, Shropshi re B a nki ng Company,nY' Shiffnall Stourbridge and Kidderminster Banking Com- Stourbrid , P • ............. 57,175 Sheffield and H.alfarns ...... Banking Company, Sheffield ,Sheffield ... otherham .... ........... wCa°lenidpaalen.Yanli e . 33 . d . a • . . .61:31.p.;;;;, 54,..103 ,stoß_riceyhmoanntal ...Thomas, ... Wpoalvneyr,hwarnoptvtoontha.a:rnttoanio; ....... Shaftesbury 44_,/ 40 . . ... ......... ... b . 0 . IC . p: la: ing om" 31,804 VA'aketield and ....................... 12,7 01 Whitehaven Joint-Stcjek vi W arw hi i t e e k ha an ve d n Warwick ..... West of Engla eueuir torn j u: a. t an h n l ng: 32°3:33:: ga District W B il a ts "k at; E d r o t e t an . king do — rn . p . o . a . ;, . .......... "•• .••.• 73,2 ...... 6749277 West Riding Union B an ki ng c . ln Ilersfield - . . ..... Whitchurch and Ellesmer e Banking Co 31,231 Whitchurch Worcester City ....... ............. .C C ........................... 2260 Worcester ....... York Union Banking Company . ... .......... York City and County Banking Company, York 8 3 51: 8 ,: 2 6 0 ......... 70, 985 Y gi s i t r e a e r d s o f Bank R18e5t1u2r.8n.5.987 Yorkshire B v an . k p in s g A C N om s, p ß an e Inland Revenue, Somerset House, April 3, 9,051 22,470 13,201 95,814 23,432 18,580 36,738 19,649 1,245 LIGHT AT THE MOUTH OF NELSON HAR BOUR. Harbour-office, Nelson, N.Z., Aug. 22,1851. The Nelson Harbour Light will be known to mari ners us a fixed rod light. The light will be visible in a •south direction from N.N.W. round to N.N.E. The :lantern is elevated 160 feet above the level of the sea ; but the light being red will not be secs at a greater dis tance than about eighteen miles, and at a lesser distance, aiccording to fho state of the atmosphere. Vessels run z ing down the bay should bring the light to bear S , with the lead going until they got within SO yell fathoms, when they should anchor and wait for z pi lo'. The light i 3 in sou.h lat. 41 deg. 15 m i n . 30 s EC., and east long. 173 deg. 16 min. 5 sec. LUNACY PROCEEDINGS EXPENSES BILL . Lord f f ynclhurst's Bill to diminis h the expense owfiipirohce beenveeding ted s vvder co mmissions "dc lunatico inquirendo hasa By it, the order 3 of the Masters o f orc e as those of the Lord Chancellor, except i the ease , s . The costs of pr oceedin g s will be at the dis ci pa id only under an ord er of the Lord Chancellor cr. etion and an, I the Master, as the cive may be. The Master will be req.lired to frame rules and orders for the form of the pro ceed.np, subject to the approval cf the Lord Chancellor, who will make the necessary gervral orders; all rules and orders, how ever, will have to ba submitted to Parliament. There is at c , as . indemnity clause for the Bank of England and other az& !ties for all acts an d things done or permitted to be done trf tlus - Act. On Wednesday evening one of a series of lectures in connexion with the Great Exhibition was delivered at the usual meeting of the Society of Arts. The subject of the lecture was "The Iron-making lt , D sources of the United Kingdom," and was deli vered by S. H. BLACKWELL, Esq., F.G S., of Dudley, who said—That however successful the Exhibition of 1851 might be regarded as having been for the great pur pose for which it was designed, namely, to illustrate the progress made up to the present time in the vari ous departments of the arts and manufactures of the world, and however wonderful might have been the vast collection of objects of wealth and industry brought together, it might certainly be asserted that the Exhibition itself displayed in no one of its details any more remarkable instance of modern progress than the vast and stately building which rose with almost magic rapidity from the ground, and which was no less admirable for its beauty and simplicity, than for its amazing vastness, and its per fect adaptation to the purposes for which it was in tended. The very conception of the idea of the Crystal Palace, and its successful execution, placed prominently forward the great iron-making resources of the kingdom, and the extraordinary degree of per fection to which some of the branches of our iron manufactures had attained. Whilst the other branches of manufactures were illustrated by a careful selec tion of the most perfect results attained in their own departments, the most remarkable illustration of the present condition of the iron manufacture was to be found in the building itself, which spread its lofty roof and walls of light over all it held, and guarded with such perfect care and fitness the boundless stores of wealth collected together from so many parts of the world. The guardian and basis of the Exhibition itself—the Crystal Palace, illustrated no less admirably how the iron-making re sources of the kingdom underlie all departments of manufacture, and become the very foundation on which all modern progress must rest—aiding and assisting every other branch of manufactures, and connecting all together in one great bond of unity. It was natural, therefore, that a prominent place should have been assigned in the Exhibition to the iron-making resources of the kingdom, and it was wisely determined that an attempt should be made to collect, in the mineral department, so comprehensive a collection of the various ores of Great Britain as should enable some idea to he formed of our general iron-making resources. No similar attempt bad been made before, and, consequently, this was one of some difficulty, and the execution could only be con sidered approximately successful. It would be ne cessary, in the first place, to take a view of the rise and progress of our iron manufacture in order to give an idea of its rapidity in the last half century. Its history might be divided into two periods, the first extending from the earliest historical notice of it which we possess down to the introduc tion of coal as fuel for smelting ; and the second extending from that period to the present time. Eng land was early celebrated for her iron manufacture, and there were few districts where iron ores were now found in which remains of old workings did not exist, and in some districts it was clear that smelting with the charcoal of the forests was extensively car ried on. This was the case not only in the districts where iron manufacture was now worked, but in those in which it bad long ceased ; and the red Yasmatites of the carboniferous limestones of Lancashire, the Forest of Dean, and Somersetshire, the argillaceous limestones of Derbyshire, Yorkshire, Staffordshire, and South Wales—all now ironinaking localities — were worked at very early periods ; while the iron ores of the green sand and wealden clay formations of Sus sex, Surrey, and Kent, and the Esc matitee of the Devo nian beds of S o mersetshire, and even the hwaeatitic conglomerates of Brock welland Minehead, which have now ceased to be iron-producing districts, were for merly largely worked. Traces of ancient workings had also been found in the ore districts of Northampton • shire, which had only attracted attention since the Exhibition, which showed they were known t o the Romans. The early iron trade was at its greatest height in 1615, where, according to " Sturtevant," as quoted by Dudley in his " Metallum Mertes," there were in England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, 800 furnaces, which, if working forty weeks a year, would produce 180,000 tons. Various causes led to a de cline in the manufacture, and, in 1740, it was only 17,350 tons, produced by fifty-nine furnaces. At tempts to employ coal for smelting were made in 1620, but its use for fuel was only established in 1740, the second epoch in the manufacture of iron, which, in 1788, rose to 70,000 tons ; in 1800, to 180,000 ; in 1825, to 600,000 ; and in 1851, to 2,500,000: South Wales producing 750,000; Scot land, 775,000; South Staffordshire and Worcestershire 600,000 ; and other districts, 400,000. In 1851 the exports were upwards of 1,200,000 tons, not including tin plates, hardware, cutlery, and machinery, the de clared value of which was—tin plates, 1,018,9511.; hardware and cutlery, 2,826,1321.; machinery, 1,164,9331.; and adding to this pig iron, bars, wrought iron, wire and castings, the whole value of the exports of iron was 10,424,1391. The causes of this increase were traceable to the demand made by the rapid expansion of all our arts and manufactures, to improved machinery and apparatus, and to the vast and almost inexhaustible supplies of coals and iron our mineral fields contained. As regarded the two first, this country only possessed them in common with the world at large, but as regarded the last, it possessed a marked pre-eminence, the United States alone being able to bear any comparison as regarded the area of coal and iron fields, but possessing no ar gillaceous ironstone, which here existed in this country in such abundance, alternating with beds of coal in our coal fields, so that coal and ore are constantly obtained together by the same working. This proximity existed in no other country ; and in the Exhibition there were four hundred specimens of the argillaceous ironstones of England, while the only other country that pos sessed any specimens was the United States, and those amounted only to three or four. Besides the argil laceous ironstone there were carbonaceous deposits of iron ore peculiar to this country, and the " black hand " ironstones of Scotland, Northumberland, North Staffordshire, and South Wales, were unknown else where, and these supplied nine-tenths of the iron pro duced. The quantity of iron produced was—in Scotland, 775,000 tons; South Wales, 700,000 ; South Staffordshire and Worcestershire, 600,000; Shropshire, 90 000 ; North Straffordshire, 55,00'd ; Yorkshire and Derbyshire, 105,000 ; North Wales, 28,000 ; Forest of Dean, 26,000 ; Whitehaven, 12,500 ; Northumberland, 90,000. The ironstones were divided into the argillaceous ironstones and the blackbands or carbonaceous ironstones. The former consist of oxyde of iron, alumnia, silica, manganese, soda potash, phosphoric acid, titanium, crystals of nickel, zinc, copper, and lead, the quality vary ing according to the predominance of any of these components. (The lecturer then entered into an ela borate chemical .analysis of this species of ore, and stated the peculiarities of all of them in their several districts, and their infinite varieties.) The cost of raising this class of ores was greater than any other,being from 4d. to 9s. a ton ; but from their superior qu ality and proximity to coal were extensively used. The second class, the blackhand or carbonaceous ironstone?, were not so varied, and owing to their general thickness were raised at ls. 6d. to 2s a ton. The two principal constituents of blackbands were oxyde of iron and carbonic acid, silica and alumnia existing only in a small proportion. The iron they produced had a greater tendency to "cold-short- Liege" than any other class, owing to the plio?phoric acid it contained ; and were best adapted for foundry purposes, for which indeed Scotland was pre-eminent. The localities in which it existed were Scotland, Nor thumberland, North and South Wales, North Stafford shire, parts of South Staffordshire and the Clee Hills. The discovery of " Blackbands" in Scot land was made in 1801 by Mr. Muekett, and the power of using in blast furnaces by means of the hot blast was a new era in iron manufacture, causing an i n crease in S cotland from 37,500 tons in 1830, and 196,960 in 1839, to 750,000 in 1851. Tae next most imirpe or an d tant South W n a les— blackbad distri tha ct Llynvi Valleys were North Stafford sh the roost rema r k a ble —and in the Anthracitbed being e district, o f ystabyfera and Groscedwin, as well as in those Nant-y-glo. Ebba Vale and Shir gaud the Clee Hills and are to be fond, as well as in th Cardiff Vale!, in North W ales a and a l s o in the lower carboniferous beds of North umberland and Durham. In some districts beds of coal sometimes changed into bads of blackband iron tone ; and the extent of deposits of ironstone alter fact that the entire ar ea of the coal fields of Eng land,natel with beds of coa l mi g ht be gathered from the y Wales, and Scotland, was estimated at 5,768 carboniferous ores, after square miles ; although in some of the coal fields quantitieswnr. the argillaceous ironstone did not exist in sufficient to enable them to be resourcel were irne k st d n , n y: f t o t r h in e a y t. part of our iron manufacturing s ince that fuel was required for smelting the red oxydeoo.oal-measures, were tou ~....cala 1 es or theoolitic beds. The most l important iron not rich as a class, •, which were found most in carboniferous were i n 1 - 4 , ocash l 9n 3 i and the most important deposits eless had been Ire and the Forest of Dean. This IV,species of iron the northern districtw pro duced at a low cost of from its large masses, at an early period, and, though and was in great re of 2s. or 3s, a ton, and produced,, demandm arkable for its “red-shortness , Some of the I,;cmatites in to 63 per cent., rendered quality in the kingd om s while the large and were largely shipped, were considered the finest ore was found r a e l d e percentage of iron they contained, 60 This to a limited extent, and it -al and the Isle of Man, li s l 'i 1, Somersetsbire, Devon, them of great importance. but was not much wor k a d " existed in Scotland, valuable class of these ores, thee There was also ft been worked only A FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL of Durham, similar to those used in Belgium, which was little used, owing to the deficiency of means of transport. This country was by no means rich in the micaceous iron ores of the northern countries of Europe and the United States, which was considered the finest class of iron ore known, although some of them existed in Dartmoor and other parts of Devon, but were worked to a very small extent. Of pure white carbonate, the Sperms iron of the German mineralogist, no specimen was exhibited in the Exhi bition, but it had since been found to exist in West Somersetshire. The next class of ores, the discovery of which marked a new epoch in the iron trade, and which had occurred simultaneously with the develop ment of facilities of transport by railways, without which they would have been comparatively worth less, were those which occupied a position at the base of the oolitic formation, which commenced on the east coast of this island from the south bank of the river Tees to Scarborough, stretched through York shire, Lincolnshire, Rutlandshire, Northamptonshire, Oxfordahire , and Dorsetshire to Lyme Regis, where being turned aside by the granitic formations of Devon, it was prolonged into France. It was first worked at Middlesborough in the north, where two or three years ago deposits of iron were discovered by a workman, and the bed of which was found to be 15 feet thick, and to contain 30 per cent. of iron , and could be raised at a less co st than the blackbands of S co tl an d. It s characte r from its was peculiar, being uand in others of a b rownish tinge ; and, s in parts of a greenish blue liar qualities, it cou ld be produced at 30. to per ton. The existen ce o f th i s ool i t i c f or- 1 3 s.colour,6dp. e per a mation in Northamptonshire was long known ; but it was only till after the Exhibition that its real value had been ascertained. The supply of this ironstone for all practical purposes would be inexhaustible for a long series of years, and was found to be most valu able for mixing with the argillaceous stones of South Staffordshire, which could not otherwise have long maintained its manufacture of pig iron. After de ironstones of the lias, and t h e slate f orma ti ous o f North W a les, and the gr een sand and W ea ld en c l a y fsocrrmibaintigont,htehperloepcetrutrieers of th e b e d s o f arg illaceous alluded to the evident mi neral resources possessed by Ireland, which, although unwo rked, contained every species of ore to which he had dir ected attention. Adverting to the improveme nts in the m anufacture of i ron, h e s t a t e d that the first great impro vemen t and the base of all subsequent advance, was the smelting, of iron by coal, which was known in 1 620, but not fully applied till 1740. The weekly production of iron from the first coke furnaces was only 10 or 12 tons, in 1788 it was 17 to 18, in 1796 30 tons per furnace, in 1825 i t was 42 tons per furnace, and in 1851 the average weekly produce was upwards of 100 tons per furnace. In South Wales, Scotland, and South Staffordshire, there were furnaces capable of producing 200 tons per week. Thus, in little more than a century, the improvements had been so great, that two furnaces now produced a larger quantity of iron than the en tire furnaces in blast in 1740, whilst the general iron trade had so extended itself, that now several single firms produced from four to fivefold the entire make of the kingdom in 1740. This increase during the last 25 years was owing to the system of heating the blast previously to its being forced into the fur nace, which was first introduced in Scotland , raising the quantity of i ron made there from 20,000 tons in 1820, to 200,000 i n 1830, or to 775,000 in the 12 following years ; an d i t wa s gradually intro duced all ov e r E ng l and. Th e next improvement was the application of waste gases to raising steam and heating the blast. The result of these improve ments on pric es an d i ncrease d s upply had been very great. From 1804 t o 1 8 20, pig iron averaged from 71. to 91. a ton, being protected by a duty of 61. 103. on foreign pig iron. I n 1825, this duty was reduced to 1/. 10s. Fr om 1825 to 1847 the price fluctuated from 21. 17s. 61 to 71. per ton, and from that year to the present it bad ranged from 3 / 1 0s. to 2/. 12s. 61. Every redu c ti on i n price had been followed by increased demand, and the removal of protection had led to greater attention, both to economy of produc tion sad the quality of iron, whic h was to compete with foreign iron ;end the result had been a gradual lessening of the demand for expensive foreign iron, from which steel was universally made, and thus extending most materially the hardware and cutlery trade of this kingdom. After glancing at the diffi culties and prejudices all these improvements had to c o ntend with, a n d th e ignorance of the value of ores, which had led t o the neglect of important sources of ore supply, and often postponed great discoveries, and which were attributable to the absence of any public collection of ores, and the non-existence of any public means of instruction in mining and metallurgy, the lecturer proceeded to eulogise the efforts which had been made by the establishment of the Museum of Practical Geology, and the efforts directed to this end produced by the Exhibition and its promoters to remedy this evil ; and, in a rapid review of the present state of the iron trade, alluded to the number of per sons employed in all its departments, amounting to not less than 650,000 to 700,000, who were well paid and who were as a class intelligent, though from the nature of their occupation less cultivated than it was hoped they would soon be, and concluded by saying it is impossible not to be struck with the vast and almost inexhaustible supplies of iron which we pos sess, and with the wonderful fact that the extraordi nary demand which railways and other requirements have produced should have led, not to an increased price, but to the constant discovery of new and cheaper sources of supply. In this respect the iron trade illustrates most strikingly what appears to be a general law—that the natural resources of the world are invariably developed at the times when the pro gressm, and when that progress is already such as to enable us of society most require the to avail our new discoveries. o ; f at first the stores , and the iron ores s oT e f hl fuel Thuswithtwhich e theo u rir forests greatest oor e 1 nat as a o d co v o f a na n to t at a ion g re e e d which cropped out at the surface of the ground, were t ; e amp ly sufficient for our purposes ; then came the knowledge le the ee vastof h with this knowledge the stea m - engine placed in our ha Th e modern system of railways ne x t pro d uce d a de mand for iron of an unprecedented c h arac t er; an d simultaneously w ith t h is demand occurred the t stores the power r of mineral sca fuel o g f our coal fields. with coal, and introduction of the hot blast The the use of the blackbands of Scotland. 'be more intimate connexion of the old and th e new world by means of transatlantic steamers is followed by the discovery of Californian and Australian gold ; giving to the commercial and civilised world at large an ac tivity and a movement such as it has never before w it ne ssed —causing streams of population to flow in unprecedented numbers from the older countries of Europe to comparatively new regions, and bidding fair to make the vast and magnificent countries of Central America and Australia the seats of great and important empires. And these populations, not iso lated as the colonists of old —not struggling with long periods of poverty and slow gr owth, but springing up rapidly int o flourishing commu n i t i es—all take with them into their new homes the social wants and re , quirements of the older countries which they have left. Iron steamers will be required to continue . their connexion with those countries, and to carry on the extensive commerce they will originate; new lines of railroad will be necessitated, not from towns to towns, but from state to state, and even from ocean to ocean. And not only in America are these mighty movement s at work, but elsewhere also. In India, with its 180,000,000 of population, railroads must be laid down , the Govern ment of that country cannot be held without them ; its natural resources cannot be developed without them ; the rapidly extendin g requirements of our co tto n manufactures will n ecessitate them ; and every line of railway that is laid do se will lead to the de , mand for ever-increasing quantitiesrl of iron ; and even in our own country the sanitary measures to which such attention is n ow b • 2' directed will re , quire an extremely larg e and el° . - easing supply of iron, bath for an abundant supplyincreasing of water to the L dense populations of our m an f i n districts, and also for the purposes of building,u LlC:Uwrhicgh the rapidly increasing presperity of ourclasses will no working . longer permit to be overlookedt• If the as in the pas • increase during the last 25 years has been so great— ton from 600,000 to 2,J00,000 —there is every reason to expect an equal increase during the next 25 y ears act th e gene ral require ments of society must devel op th e mselves in an equal (if not in an accelerating) o. ratio • ; an d how to supply these requirements another g t source of iron is , disclosed to us; to the 2 ni r e ea ous and blackband ironstones of our coal fielcl ar-1 d'tehe aeomatites of our carboniferous limestones are added an the oolitic ores, with the rich per centage e f iron they contain, and 1 the low cost et which they can o be raised, and t h e i r exhaustless suppli es. Can this e constant progression of means—this constant development of one resource requires after another — as society it, be other than a wise and most beneficent its purpose the advancem en t of society to an even higher and higher Point, and the attainment of that amity among all the notions of the earth which must ultimately prevail.—(Ch eers. ) Nor does it appear a less wise and beneficent arrangement that these stores of mine ra l wealth so nee dful for the world's prog ress sho u ld exist in climates temperate as our o wn , which has pro duced the strong and vigorous An 10. Saxon race to whom work is less a toil than a paseion, amongst whom there are so many who do not shrink to devote their entire lives to the developm ent and execution of some great en terprise. But if the Anglo-Saxon race has been given so large a proportion of the mineral riches of the world, it must not be forgotten that equal to the power thus committed to their care is the responsibi lity thereto attached, and they must of necessity be the guiders arid the pr omo t er s of the advancing civi lisation of the present ; seeing that the very basis of that civilisation is to be found in the increased and increasing power to adapt to the requirements of so. ciety the great physical resources of the world, and . that the science and the skill of the present day would be comparatively powerless, but for the stores of iron and coal by which that science and skill can be rendered available. The steam-engine, the railroad, and the electric telegraph, the characteristic features of the present day, are indeed preparing a quiet revo lution for the world ; breaking down class interests and substituting universal interests in their place, they are fast uniting in one bond of unity the entire human race, and are leading rapidly, to use the words of his Royal Highness Prince Albert, "to the ac complishment of that end to which indeed all history points, the realisation of the unity of mankind." For ourselves, it should not be sufficient that in the hands of a higher power than our own, we are un consciously working out the designs of Providence, but we should strive to discern the coming changes which are arising around us, that thus conscious whereunto our work is tending, we may be enabled to place ourselves in harmony therewith. That we have earnest workers amongst us, men working with noble aims, with no party, or mainly national spirit, but in the great cause of humanity itself, the Exhibi tion of 1851 has clearly shown. May its promoters long be remembered with honour, and may the im portant benefits which it already appears to have con ferred upon all our principal trades, be productive of the results for which its promoters so nobly worked. After a vote of thanks to Mr. Black well the meet ing separated. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. On Tuesday James M. Rendel, Esq., President in the chair. The discussion on Mr. G :age Donald son's paper, on the " Drainage of Richmond," occu pied the whole evening. The system of pipe-sewers and house drains, of small area, as compared with that of main brick sewers of considerable area, with pipe house drains as feeders, was fully discussed ; and it was shown that the latter system was much to be preferred, in asmuch as the small area of the newly-introduced pipe sewers rendered them incapable of carrying off the sewage ; that they very frequently beco.ne stopped up by accumulated matter from the houses ; that when this occurred, as their dimensions prevented a man from passing through them, great expense was incurred in breaking up the streets, the pipes were broken to a great extent, and at hazard, in seeking for the stoppage ; and that even the weight of the earth in sinking frequently destroyed those pipes. The system of back drainage, through different pri vate properties, was objected to. Brick drains, above fifteen inches in diameter, were shown to be less ex pensive than pipes of the same area, and their dura bility to be much greater. It was stated that, in spite of constant streams of water through the pipe drains, it was not possible to keep them free from accumulations caused by grease, hair, and other extraneous matters, even at Richmond, which was perhaps as favourable a locality for the trial as could have been found ; the removal of the stoppages frequently cost as much as the original laying of the pipe drains, in consequence of the liability to aggregation i❑ them, as already stated. The street sewers should, in general, and especially were the declivity was small, and the depth under ground was considerable, be of sufficient dimen sions to allow a man to pass up easily, to discover and remove obstructions. With respect to the alleged advantage of the di minished friction from the smooth interior surface of the pipe drains, it was shown that consideraDle mis apprehension existed on that part of the subject, for that, in point of fact, fluid frictio❑ was not dependent upon the so-called smoothness of the surface, and was practically the same in a rough cast-iron pipe, smooth drawn lead pipe, a pot drain, and a brick sewer ; but protuberances might have the effect of obstructing the motion of heavy solid substances adventitiously present. It wa4 shown, that the form of the trans verse section of the sewers had much less influence on the action of the sewer than had been recently as serted by certain public authorities. The experiments on the flow of water through pipes, as detailed in a recent blue book of the Board of Health, with the expressed object of demonstrating the ignorance of civil engineers on this subject, were brought under review. Some of the experiments had been repeated by Mr. Hawksley, with the utmost attention to minute accuracy. The results were found to be so utterly contradictory of the statements made and the doctrines taught by the General Board of Health, and so strikingly in conformity with for mulm well known to engineers, and with deductions from philosophic principles, as well as the determina tions of practice, as to fully warrant all persons en gaged in sewerage and other hydraulic works, in continuing their adhesion to the established data. The experiments were shown, and the formula was given. At the monthly ballot the following candidates were duly elected :—Messrs. P. P. Baly, T. Drane, and J. Gibbs, as members ; and Messrs. F. Barry, B. Baylis, R. Daglish, jun., T. Hutchings, T. M. John son, C. IV. Lancaster, H. Marten, G. Plucknett, Braithwaite Poole, and Captain Mark Huisb, as asso ciates. The papers announced to be read at the meeting of Tuesday, April 13th, were :—" Account of a Swing Bridge over the River Rother, at Rye, on the line of the Ashford and Hastings branch of the South- Eastern Railway," by Mr. C. May, M. Inst. C.E. ; and "Description of the Viaduct erected over the River Nore, near Thomastown, in the county of Kil kenny, to carry the Waterford and Kilkenny Rail way," by Captain W. S. Moorsom, M. Inst. C.E. METROPOLITAN SE IV ERS COMMISSION. On Wednesday a special court was held at the prin cipal mr.s o , ffi i\ c i e . , P in et :r ee k-street, Soho - square, at which the following commi ss ioners were present: the Chairman, ahned thoughtAlaj r D it a w rights on t to draw The CHAIRMAN M s ' a P id " the attention of the Court to the fact that a report had been made to him by Mr. Lovick, one of the surveyors to the commission, with respect to the conduct of a certain builder, as regarded one of the former clerks of the works. It appeared that a person, who was in a certain degree the owner of a sewer at Kilburn, had applied to the proper officer to remedy certain imperfections which he alleged existed in the works executed in regard to this sewer under the su perintendence of the comm i ss i on, and at the time he made this request th e app li cant had stated that he attributed the inefficient manner in which these works had been executed t o th e circum stance of gratuities havingbeenreceived by th e c l er k of the works from a certain builder. N ow t hi s was a serious charge, and an investigation immediately t o ok place, when it was most clearly proved that pay ments had been made by this builder to the clerk of the works stationed there, in gratuities to the extent of 21. in one month. It was perfectly manifest that if such a state of things were allowed to continue the commissioners would have no security whatever for the faithful performance of the works entrusted to the superintendence of persons who received gratuities. It was right, therefore, that th e C ourt s h ou ld publicly give their officers to understand that such an offence, if established, would be visited by immediate dismissal, and it was also proper that builders and other persons should be publicly informed of this, as likewise that in such a case the Commis sioners would not undertake the liability of keeping the sewer in order. The name of the builder in this case was Newman, but the clerk of works by whom the gratuities had been accepted was not now in the employ of the commission ; he was one of those discharged by the reduction of the establishment. He (the Chairman) had the admission of Mr. New man himself that be had paid these sums ; but he asserted that he did not give them as rewards, but merely because Metropolitan than commission those he to which Sewers' was accepting under concurred h e yt remuneration, Ah were te impression that such payments were customary. It was quit e clear that when such cases came before them, th e commissioners must employ the most sever e measures, and he had just been reminded that by th e 29th r epa i e rn entitled, ti these teisie idn: ft s eh e e c es t ,e io msc ri cp. o l,o f oy t t h ho e efrt the were liable not only to be disch arge d, b u t a l so to a penalty of 601. He would mo ve th a t thi s c l ause b e prii‘nitr. p edaEnTdopoasod Major posted up t ro he Am offi so c N e. observations, and recommended that in case of the offence being repeated the penalties in the clause should be enforced. The financial statement was then submitted, from which it appeared that there was a balance in hand on the 3d inst. of 6,0981. 9s. 93., on which cheques bad to be presented amounting to 2,6521. Os. 6d., leaving an available balance of 3,5721. 9s. 31. Out of this ba lance the Court now authorised payments to the ex tent of 1671. 12s. 10d. The ordinary business having been disposed of the Court adjourned. [ADVERTISEMENT.] Holloway's Pills a certain remedy for the Cure' of Sick Headaches, Dimness of Sight, and Deranged Stomachs.—Extract of r a letter , from M r . Dins dale, of Newcastle, d a t e d J u l y 1, Bal. To Professor Rol- Sir,—l have been a gr ea t su ff erer for some time from l a " de7a . n..ed stomach, sick headach, and dimness of sight, my d i gestion was so impaired that I could not venture to eat any solid food, and I wa s so wea k as to be almost incapable of walking a hundred yards. I tried a great variety of m e di cines without deriving th e l east b enef i t, I then commenced taking , your Pills, and thi s i nva l ua b le medicine has restored m e to perfect health." —Sold by all vendors of medicines and at Pro- fessor Holloway's Establishment, 244, Strand, London. GENERAL POST OFFICE, MARCH, 1852. On and from Tuesday, the 6th April. the mails from the United Kingdom for Norway will be conveyed direct by sea, be tween Denmark and Norway, and warded until further notice.-' and rate of postage to be taken • on letters addressed to Norway will be the ha e lf-ei nite and so on, according to the scale in operation in thU d comprises Kingdom for charging inland letters. This both the British and foreign postage on th r e a place of their destination, and it may be either.ia, at the option ie e t p ters to the paid in ad vance, or the letters may be forwarded of the sender, must except, however, as regardsfee, the postage upon which, as well as the registrationunParegistered letters, be paid ill Aavauce, -ASSIZE INTELLTG.E.7 , 7Cr]. WESTERN ClRCUlT.—Taunton, April 6. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Justice ERLE.) been ccmtni , ted, and by a &sire that the perpe tra!or; should bt. punished. P)e Learned Ciunsel then, with great force, analysed the evidence to show that there was nothing in it which at all brought home guilt to the prisoners ; and urged very strongly upon the jury the fact that the prisoners had not attempted to leave the neighbourhood; they had remained where they were known. Was there evi dence upon which they would even hang a dog? But he should call witnesses to show that the prisoners were at different places, and differently dressed from that to which the witnesses for the prosecution had spoken. Witnesses were then calkd, who swore to having seen the priscners in Frome somewhere near about the time the murder must have been committed. MUILIDttiZ. William Sparrow, William Maggs, and Robert Hurd, were indicted for the wilful murder of Sarah Watts on the 24th of September. Mr. Moody and Mr. Everitt were counsel for the prosecution, and Mr. Edwards defended Sparrow and Maggs. fn - the course of the opening address Hurd asked the judge to assign him counsel. Mr. MOODY, after a short time, said that Mr. Ed wards would undertake to defend all the prisoners. Mr. Justice ERLE said he thought no one was so proper to do it, as Mr. Edwards held briefs for the other two prisoners. . _ _ Mr. MOODY then addressed the jury in reply. The Learned JUDGE summed up, and the jury, after a lengthened deliberation, returned a verdict of Not Guilty. As soon as the verdict of Not Guilty was delivered, Hurd said, "ley Lord, we are all innocent. Pro vidence has done this." Mr. EDWARDS said he would defend them all, but would ask his Lordship to allow him the assistance of a junior, and his friend Mr. H. T. Cole had offered to assist him. Mr. Justice ERLE said that would be very proper. The facts of the case rested upon circumstantial evidence. It appeared that the deceased Sarah Watts was a child of about 14 years of age, and was the daughter of John Watts and Leah Watts. They occupied a dairy farm about two miles from Frome. On the morning of the 24th of September the parents, as was their custom, started for Frome market, leav ing the child alone in the house. They returned about four o'clock in the afternoon. Upon entering the house the first thing that attracted the father's attention was some blood on the kitchen floor; he also heard a little dog lapping something in the dairy, which adjoined the kitchen. He called for his daugh ter, but she did not answer, and he then went into tha dairy, and there found his daughter lying on the floor ; her clothes were torn, and she was bruised and bloody, and quite dead. Upon an examination of the body by a surgeon it turned out that the poor child had been ravished while living, and that her death had been caused by suffocation, as there were marks on her neck and throat, and upon her head. It was therefore clear that she had been shockingly abused, and then brutally murdered. Some bread, butter, and cheese, had been taken. The parents went upstairs, and found the room had been ransacked ; some clothes and a watch had been taken, but there was no money. There was a silk handker chief left on the kitchen table. The robbery had been skilfully contrived, for, although it was com mitted in broad daylight, and within 100 y ar d s o f a road, and near som e other houses, yet there was no eyewitness to any part of the transaction, and the girl had not been heard to cry out. The body was removed upstairs soon after it was found. Informa tion was conveyed to the police, and an application was made to the Home-office, and a detective officer was sent down on the Sunday following, and he com menced his investigation on Monday, the 29th of September. He observed blood on the floor of the dairy, and that some whey had been spilt from the whey-tub. Upon emptying the whey-tub there were marks of blood on the bottom, and on the left-hand side of the dairy-door there was the mark of a person's hand, with blood upon the thumb. There was a mark on the wall, as if the point of a person's shoe had caught against it, and upon comparing the girl's shoe with the mark they were found to correspond, and the point of the shoe had mortar upon it. The clothes of the girl appeared as if she had been put in the whey-tub. She had been seen alive at one o'clock. Then came the question, by whom was this dreadful outrage committed—rape, robbery, and murder ? The pri soners with another man had been seen together at a public .house, as the father and mother went to Frome in the morning of that day. The three prisoners lived near Frome. Sparrow knew the house of Watts and the inmates well. The prisoners were seen to gether about twelve o'clock, when they were heard to make an appointment to meet again within an hour, and then they separated. About two o'clock they were seen going in the direction of the house of Watts, and within half a mile of it. Hurd then appeared to be leading them on, as he walked first and beckoned them to follow him ; but Sparrow and Maggs were shortly afterwards seen without Hurd. About three o'clock a man was seen running from the direction of the scene of the murder. Between three and four o'clock the prisoners were seen again, but they had then changed their dresses. Maggs was seen hand ing something over to Hurd. In the course of the afternoon they were all seen in the market place of Frome, and one was heard to say, " A watch, but no tin." They were seen together several times that evening. Three witnesses swore that the handkerchief found on the kitchen table belonged to Sparrow ; but when he was taken he declared he had not had a silk handkerchief for seven years. On Monday, the 29th of September, there was a fair at North Bradley, about seven miles from Freme. Sparrow was there, and a woman named Watson said to him, that as he came from Frome, he must have heard about the murder ; to which he gave this extraordinary answer, " that he saw the child since the murder; that he was there on the Thursday (the day after the murder) ; that she was lying near the whey-tub with her clothes right over her head, and had blows on her head that had been inflicted by a stick ; that she had been put in the whey-tub, and it was covered with blood from her bead ; and that he did not think it would ever be found out, as only one man had done it, and he would never tell." He was asked if he knew how it Was done, and he said, " Yes, tell you how it was done. Sh e was knocked on the bead with a stick, and then she was held in the whey tub till she was dead, and then taken out and laid on the floor." He had a knot in his neckerchief under his ear, and some one asked him if he should be hung soon, and he said he sup posed it would not be long first. Now, at that time the blood had not been found at the bottom of the whey-tub, and the body of the girl had been carried upstairs on the Wednesday, and he bad cot been there on the Thursday. On the Tuesday morning Sparrow's hand was tied up, and he said he had been bitten in a row the previous night, but upon ex amining the wound it was clear it had been inflicted some days, and therefore it was supposed that the poor child, in her struggles, might have bitten his hand, and that would account for the mark of the hand with blood on it upon the wall of the pantry. He was taken into custody upon another charge on Wednesday, the 13t of October, and then his hand was examined ; and, from the festered state of the wound, it was clear that the injury must have been inflicted some days before. Maggs had been seen with Sparrow half a mile from the house shortly before the murder, and they were seen together shortly after it had been perpetrated. A few days after the murder Maggs was heard conversing with another person about it. That person said he had heard that Sparrow was going to "peach," and that he was not only to have a pardon but the 501. reward. Upon which Maggs said he could not get the pardon or the 501., for he (Sparrow) was the man who killed her, and he would not have killed her but she knew him. With regard to Hurd, the evidence suggested that he was the accom plice and the planner and leader of the robbery. Smith, the officer, upon this went to each of the pri soners, and before he took him into custody gave him an opportunity of explaining his conduct on that day. Each made a statement which turned out to be quite false. Sparrow was taken into custody on account of a watch he had, and which it was supposed might have been the watch taken from the house of Watts. Sparrow said he had bought it on the 24th of Sep. tember of Robert Hurd, and that Maggs was present, and this led to the apprehension of all the prisoners. He said he had not paid for the watch. E eh ' deavour had b een ma d e to trace to whom the very watch belonged, but without success. To prove the case for the prosecution no less than 43 witnesses were called, whose evidence extended over a vast variety of small and minute facts, and made out in great measure the summary we h ave given. At nearly nine o'clock at night the e ase f or the prosecution was c l osed, and then the Court was ad journed to the next morning. April 7. This morning the trial was resumed. Mr. EDWARDS addressed the • weakeury for the prisoners, urging upon them that a e a o n o c d e, of a n weaker submitted to a jury. Th e case had never been had seemed to call for ven the unhappy girl stance was enught at every circum villains who had With a Vie of found that a watch had been taken from committed view discovering the this horrid crime. It was and, in the course of the house, Sparrow had a watch, and Inquiry, it was discovered that hension of the that had led to the appre- Son what was the re sult of the watcPhilers. And yet, affair?d Why, it clearly proved that the watch h aged to Watts. He complained of thea m an n never manner in in belon w hich g the case had been g ot up. These men were e apprehended upon a charge Which affected their lives, and yet the magistrates had refused to permit an attorney to be pr esent on their behalf when the matter was under inve,t,ita tion before those officials! He also complained of th e mode adopted by the detective officer in coming su i denly upon these men, and proceeding to examine them with a view of substantiating something like guilt. When before the magistrates the men, having had time to collect themselves, made statements, and yet when he called upon his friend to put in tho.e On the ed • , MARRIE D. statements, his friend had refused to put then in. Rev. T ho - ins Sawbridgeworth Church, Hefts, by de Surely in such a case they did not want to entr ,, p Johnsone,ls nutchinson, vicar, as , i ted by the Rev. John verdict. He also complained most stronly ( f the Devoe, to Charles Kelland Lee, Esq., of Plymouth, mode in which his friend had opened the for Eeq., army, eldest daughter of te late Francis Ede, case, tl e shobury Park, Herts. opening amounted to this—".l can't prove a single fact against the prisoners, but I believe them to be guilty, and therefore I call upon you to find guilty of this char ge , although it may - cost the them f or f ' tune of their live s ." He a dmitted that a more hem :I able man than hi s Learned Friend did no t exist, r" he could only a ccount for his friend's conduct and b supposing that he had allowed himself to be carried away by his feeli ng a ho rror for the cr • crime that had Maggs then said, " I declare to God we are inno cent." Sparrow said, " We were not within a mile of the spot. God has done it." Hurd then said, " My Lord, it will all be found out within a month. Let me speak to Mr. Smith (the detective officer.) They all then said, " Let us see .Mr. Smith." CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. OLD COURT. (Before Mr. Baron MARTIN and Mr. Justice TALPOURD.) FORGERY. —Mary Ann Mannson, aged 29, described as a spinster, was indicted for feloniously forging and ut tering a receipt for the sum of 101, with intent to de fraud the governors of Christ's Hospital. The prisoner pleaded not guilty. - Mr. Clarkson and Mr. Bodkin appeared for the pro secution, and Mr. Li.lley defended the prisoner. Mr. CLARKSON opened tne case to the jury. There were various annuities payable by Christ's Hospital, founded by various charitable persons deceased, and amongst them was a fund out of which a certain number of poor blind persons were paid 101. a year. In Feb., 1851, a person named Lusby became entitled to the an nuity, and as neither he nor his wife, who was in the same service as the primmer, could write, he secured the as;istance of th- prisoner iu preparing the necessary certificate to be signed by the clergy-rnan and church wardens of the pariah in which he lived, upon which he was to obtain the annuity. He was paid the first an nuity of 101. iu January, 1851, but in the month 0 March following Lusby and the widow requested the prisoner to call and corninunica e the fact to the hos pital authorities. She, ho. ever, never did so, and when last January arrived she forged a second certificate, and ohtan,d an,ther 10/ in the name of the deceased Lusby. Soma formal evidence having been put in as to the issuing of the blank fora.' of the certificate, and the payment of the first and second annuities, the two certi ficates were produced. The receipts for the money on botn occasions ware signed Mary Ann Lusby, and the amounts were paid in two 101. Bank of England notes. Eiizebeth Louisa Lusby examined by Mr. Bonmet—l am a widow. My husband was named Robert Lusby. He died the 15th March, 1851. Once before his death he received an annuity from Christ's Hospital. We were living at the time at No. 1, North-place, Walworth. I knew the prisoner thee. She lived at Miss Sea ward's, in Grosvenor-park, Walworth, where :I used to go to wash. I remember being at Miss Seaward's when something was said about going to receive the money. My husband called with one of the papers produced, and the prisoner told me to go with my husband to Mr. Garland, the churchwarden of Newington, and get it signed. The prisoner afterwards met mo at the hospital, and while I and my husband waited outside she went in and got the 101. in a note, which she gave to my husband. After my husband died, in March, I asked the prisoner to write to Christ's Hospital and tell the authorities of his decease. She said she would do so, and when I saw her again she said she had written. Just before last Christ.. ' mas I saw her again, when she repeated that she had properly reported the death; but on the sth of January of the present year she naked me if she should get the money this year for me, and I refused to let her do any thing of the sort. I afterwards went to the Hospital and found that my husband's death was not known there, and that a second 101. had been paid on his ac count. The prisoner then s threatened to throw herself in the river if I said anything about it. I knew the prisoner in Miss Seaward's service for nine years or more. The Rev. Mr. Onslow, the rector of the parish of Newington, stated that he signed the first certificate. This year he received a second blank certificate, which he returned to Mrs. Lusby unsigned. It was then proved that the names to the last certifiy nate were not in the handwriting of those parties whose signatures they purported to be. Mr. Reid, who resided in the same house with Mr. Lusby, where the prisoner formerly lodged, stated that, after Mr. Lusby received the blank certificate from the clergyman ho went to the hospital and ascertained that a second annnity had Lem paid. He was shown a book which was signed Mary Aun Lusby, and he believed the writing was that of the prisoner. The witness also identified the hand -writing en the back of the second 10/. note as being that of the prisoner. George Kinnair, police constable K 1, stated that the woman at the bar was given into his custody on a charge of obtaining a 101. note from Christ's Hospital under false pretences. She said she had never received a far thing from Christ's Hospital in her lise, and asked if there was any gentleman at the hoTitel that could identify her. He told her he could not say u s , re was, and she then asked who was to he brought against her, He told her, and ahe th en sa id s h e did receive to/ , and sign papers for Mrs. Lu s by, w hi ch she knew was wrong.. She had two 51 notes, t wo sovere i gns, 75. 6 ill silver, and a savings bank book in her possession when she was searched. This was the case for the prosecution. Mr. LILLEY then proceeded to address the jury for the defence, and contended that the evidence which had been produced was not sufficient to substantiate the charge. At all events he was convinced that the forgery and uttering in this case had not been proved to the saiisfastion of discriminating men, and he therefore called for a verdict of acquittal. The iea , ned JUDGE having summed up, Tne jury having retired, returned into court with I verdict of The prisoner was seiner 03d to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour for nine moi,ths. THIRD C'OU 7,. (Before the COMMON SERGEANT.) SINGULAR CASE, -.A labouring man, named George Hudson, pleady guilty to a char g e of perjury and con spiracy. Mr. GIFFARD said, he was instructed by the Commis' sioners of Bankruptcy who prosecuted, to mention the! nature of toe charge, and to leave the Court to deal with the prisoner as it thought proper. The prisoner was called as a witness at the Bankruptcy Court, in the case of a bankrupt named William Denman, and he swore that he borrowed from Denman 25/, on the 29th of January, 1852, end gave him a stamped receipt for the money on that day. The receipt was produced and identified by rho prisoner, but on examin ing t it was discovered that the stamp was not issued from Somerset -house until the 12th of February, 1852, about three weeks after it was said to have been given to the bankrupt. Seeing the truth could no longer be con cealed, he at length admitted that his previous story was a concocted fiction, and that he never received the money. On being searched a paper was found on him containing written instructions by the bankrupt as to what ho was to say to the Commissioner respecting the loan. Under these t circumstances, the Commissioner thought it his duty te . men tool send the case to this court, but he wished it to be d tion , cl that he believed the prisoner had been use tool by the bankrupt for his own purposes. Mr. PRENDERGAS'F, who app h an ones man, said he was a poor and illiterate thou:Z. pt by the and had had been led into signing the recieni- great distress rapt, whose wife cam e to " him ffature to the paper. and begged him to attach eared for the prisoner, t his signature was entirely igno rant could neither read nor wri te, and He now expressed and hoped the Court rant of the consequences of 2:'ince, in consequence of his his great contrition for the T im 1 I have no raeans of sub wife and would deal mercifully with him imprisoned for any long period. family, who sistence if he were Several perscv the prisoner a good character g ave for 6aye SERGEANT said be would Postpone pass- The CosimeN rt ` the prisoner. ing sentence 'To CHILDREN.—Sophia Butler, 16, spinster, for honesty and veracity. . Bonnis for stealing eleven half crowns, cva3 indicted,.Johnson, from the P erB Cl of Maria Johnson. of same d that the prisoner accosted Maria Johnson, It aPPeare she the moneys little girl, as was leaving a shop ou Ludgate who had just received some money for her and pretended to know her family and induced =the , alk with her along some retired ' lanes in the her to w d , - Taking a van age of the opportunity thus afforded City. E g er she succeeded iu abstracting the money from the W s r h a ere she L i i r ll l , ,s p ocket. The jury found t h e prisoner Guilty. Trio, e were several indictments for similar robb er i es upon children. against the prisoner The Common SERGEANT sentenced her to imprison. , merit for twelve months. The Liverpool Watch Committee h ave d ec id e d that no membe r of an Ora nge or Ribb on soc i ety shall be the bor oug h, allowed to remain, or be en gaged, in th e po li ce f orce of B.rif TLI N. On the 7th inst., at ll:Ole4don,Hunts, the wife of Erasmus Saunderv, On the Bth inst., atOtFheAWriAlluowGral,T Captain Pelly On, ' West II the wife of On the 2d inst., Lieutenant Andrew R. Dunlap, R.N., aged, 36, youngest son ot the late J. Danlap, Esq., M.D., of Syden;„ ham, Kent. On the Gth inst., at St. Vincent's, Addington, aged 29, Mary Rachel, wife of George kosher, On the 7th inst., at Battle, Napoleon Drew Es aged 28. London: Printed and Published by 1111:11M0 YOUNG of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The S un Off i t e, No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the bliddle rzi Savoy, i n the cowity uf giz t glaYs APr4 P. leu, Wni' oat: • rate this infl p the selu I Rltl tho is in( paid Jose' r. E Jam, Alex Sir C ROW J. Cho I). A Dr. Illini horn the( title of o 1 beer exal mini 11. ] the at 5, co-o of 1 .Min Nitl; Corm to, mat.;