The Sun. — London, England, 1865-07-18 00:00:00

BE UNITED STATES. (From a Correspondent of the Times.) PHILADELPHIA, July 3. In the United States the end of the month of June always brings with it a general examination of the Government finances. It is the end of the fiscal year. So prompt are now the calculations of the Treasury Department at Washington that, with an estimate for about ten days at the end of the year, the entire receipts and expenditures can be given almost as soon as the year closes. During the year just passed the expenditure of the Go vernment amounted to the enormous sum of $1,200,000,000, or over $3,500,000 each day. The receipts were, from Customs, $76,501,882 22c., a falling off from the amount received during the previous year of over 28 millions. From sales of public lands, the Government received $831,439 40c. The receipts from the internal revenue were about $205,500,000—a large increase over the previous year. The total receipts of the Government from all sources were $282,833,321 42c. The deficit for the year was $917,000,000, which was made up from loans and mortgages on posterity. The present rate of Government expenditure will continue until October 1, when a considerable retrenchment can be effected, but the expenditure for the fu3calyear ending June 30, 1866, will not be less than $700,000,000, while the receipts will fall short of $300,000,000. Loans must be resorted to for some time to come. This statement of receipts and expenditure brings with it several other interesting financial exhibits. The imports at New York for 11 months ending June 1, 1865, were $250,271,911, a decrease of over $65,000,000 from the first 11 months of the preced ing year, when the imports exceeded $215,000,000. It is supposed by many that the large amounts of cotton to be shipped to Europe from New Orleans and other Southern ports will turn the current of exchange in favour of America; but this expectation is almost certainof disappointment. It isthe opinion of commercial men that our imports will increase largely, but our exports will merely increase in an infinitesimal degree. Excepting the small cotton crop of the South; of which enough estimates have been made to establish its meagreness beyond possi bility of doubt, there is nothing the United States can calculate upon for an increase of exports. The recent circular of instructions issued by the Secre tary of the Treasury, by which all the Treasury agents are dismissed for want of further employ ment, will do more to bring the cotton trade back to a free and legitimate traffic than all else that has been said and done since the end of the war. All re strictions are to end at once, and every Treasury agent is to close his account as soon as he receives the circular of instructions. From and after July 1 the duty of receiving captured and abandoned pro perty in the South, with a very few exceptions, will be discharged by the regular Customhouse officers. These orders will do much to restore confidence in trade, especially the cotton trade. Heretofore the many unseen obstacles that sprang up at all points in the way- of the cotton trade frus trated all calculations, and the business was as bad for all concerned in it as if the blockade had not been raised. If cotton does not now speedily come forward, there will be reason to apprehend that the stock in the South has been over-estimated. Foreign exchange has been somewhat depressed for a day or two, but whether this was caused by the reported insurance of heavy cotton shipments from Southern ports for Europe, or was the result of large purchases of Government loans to be sent to England, cannot be determined. Other orders from London for American loans are yet to be filled. 103 is the price named, and the total pur chases made and to be made are about $1,000,000. An interesting statement has recently been made of the falling-off of American commerce produced by the war. In 1860 the commercial movements of the United States were :—lmports, $400,122,296 ; exports, $362,163,941. Three years of war reduced this greatly, and in 1864 we find the imports to be $252,187,587 ; exports, $331,899,459, a decrease of over 30 per cent. The results for 1865, when offi cially announced, will show an even more unsatisfac tory state of affairs. These exhibits, and the fact, which has been fully demonstrated, that foreign countries have gained in proportion to our losses, have caused intense dissatisfaction with the present tariff law, and already its repeal is being extensively . discussed. The Protectionists are becomi ig seri ously alarmed, for the state of the public mind is such that at the next session of Congress a strong effort will be made to have the tariff altered and the duties placed upon a basis into which free -trade principles will enter largely. President Johnson's wishes for free trade, and the absolute necessity of avoiding prohibitory duties in order to increase the imports and the revenue, are hastening the death of the present tariff. Protection has been proven a failure, and new counsels will hereafter prevail. Each day as it passes proves more and more con clusively that President Johnson is in favour of treating the South with generosity. The people now are universally in favour of moderation. The question is not now, " What is the best punish ment for traitors ?" but, " "What is the easiest and speediest mode of restoring Southern prosperity ?" I do not believe that a single Southern leader will be tried for treason, or, if tried, will be punished with death. The newspapers already areoutspoken in favour of Jefferson Davis, and the general wish seems to be to pardon all the leaders, and forget the war as soon as possible. President Johnson is con tinually in receipt of anonymous communications urging the hanging of Mr. Davis, of which the fol lowing is a specimen : "Twin Springs, Linn County, Kansas, Juno 17, 18G5. "Mr. President„—Dear Sir,—We would vary respect fully request you to have Mr. President Davis hung, be cause we want him hung. If you don't bang him, there might be a few from Kansas to do it for you. Please let us know what you will do about it, " Very respectfully, - MANY CITIZENS." The commentary of the New York Tribune, the leading Radical Republican organ, upon this is," It is not at all probable that Mr. Johnson will be in timidated by the indignant intimations of many citizens,' or by any similar communications coming from anonymous sources." Mr. Davis's case, in America, is considered an extreme one, but I scarcely believe that one-third the people of the North are in favour of hanging him. The Govern ment is resolutely opposed to taking any steps in the matter, and he is no nearer a trial to-day than he was when captured in Georgia. In short, Mr. Davis is just now a huge elephant, and neither Go vernment nor people know what to do with him. Could he be suddenly removed from the face of the earth all would feel heartily relieved. General Ewell, well known as the successor of Stonewall Jackson, has written a letter to a friend from his prison in Fort Warren, Boston, in which he speaks of th e manner in which he espoused the Southern cause. Ile says, on returning sick from Arizona in the spring of 1 861, he found the war just begun, all the highest United States' army officers resigning, and General Scott Publishing in a letter that the United States would divide into four parts, showing that he thought all was over. A United States' senator said he would march a Northern regi meat tohelp the South for every one sent against her, and a California Congressman called for forcible re sistance to the inauguration of President Lincoln, yet nothing was done with any of these men. Gen. Ewell says he took up arms with the South from a painful sense of duty, and by doing so he lost a fine position, for all the pay he received in four years from the Confederate Government was not as much as one year's pay in the old army. Now he lan guishes in prison, while persons who did all they could to bring about the war are in favour in the North and holding high office. Howell Cobb, of Georgia, was in Macon recently, and counselled on the part of the people a cheerful obedience to the laws of the United States. He believed slavery to be dead, and thinks the South will have a prosperous future. President Johnson has at length issued his procla mation for the reconstruction of South Carolina. It is in all its parts similar to those already promulgated for the other Southern States. Benjamin F. Perry is named for provisional Governor, and he is said to enjoy the confidence of a large portion of the people of the State. Florida is now the only State to be reorganised. Affairs in the South look more hope ful than they did some time since. In many places the crops have been ga i thered, and they will for , istrine avert the famine which - is impending The crops are all short, however, and later this year des titution must prevail. Prince George county, Vir ginia, is said to be in a destitute conditit ii, and the Government will at once send supplies there. Sup plies are also being sent in large quantities to Atlanta, to avert the starvation said to bo most im minent in a large section of Northern Georgia. Governor Pierpoint, of Virginia, has authorised seven more counties of that State to reorganize, and elect justices of the peace and other county officers. The factions in Virginia, however, almost stop all reconstruction. The Radicals in Richmond are be having very foolishly. Their latest exhibition of wrath is against a bust of John Tyler, ex-President of the United States, which stands in the State Library of Virginia. They demand its removal, and it is reported the bust will accordingly be consigned to obscurity. Such senseless anger against things that cannot harm us is most ludicrous. You have already heard of the famous order of Admiral Terry, commanding at Richmond, declaring slavery to be abolished in Virginia. This order was issued on June 23. It declares slavery to be at an end, and that negroes shall hereafter enjoy the same personal liberty as whites, and their testimony shall be ad mitted in all courts of justice. It is announced on good authority that this order had caused great alarm in Virginia, and the provision admitting negroes to testify against whites it is feared will cause much trouble. This, however, is feared of all innovations. There is a report that another orde,r is contemplated, gibing the negroes in Vir ginia the right of suffrage. So long as President- Johnson is opposed to negro suffrage, however, this will scarcely be permitted. The negroes of Vicks burg, Mississippi, have sent a memorial to the Presi dent asking for the right to vote. They have not confined it to this, however, for their memorial contains an elaborate protest against Judge Sharkey, the newly appointed Governor of Mississippi, show ing that some white man is at the bottom of the matter. On June 30 a meeting of citizens of Richmond was held, at which a petition to President Johnson was framed, asking that the $20,009 exception clause in his amnesty proclamation be repealed, as it was causing great embarrassment in the transaction of business. By this clause every man of means in the South is outlawed, and, of course, trade must re main at a standstill or be monopolised by the few who are so lucky as to procure pardon. This ex emption will, no doubt, be repealed, for it is based on no solid reason. There is no reason why a rebel worth $20,000 should be punished, when one worth £19,000 is permitted to go free. Indeed, the am nesty proclamation has been found so unwieldly, because the exceptions from pardon are so sweep ing, that there is very little doubt that in a few weeks it will be materially modified. Among the latest applicants for pardon are S. R. Mallory, of Florida, Confederate Secretary of the Navy, Alfred Rhett, of South Carolina, and Judge Campbell, of Alabama. Mexican affairs are earnestly discussed, and it is feared that the presence of the large Federal stand ing army on the Rio Grande will lead to serious complications. The Imperialists in Matamoras are becoming verf excited over it. There is, however, some reliance to be placed on the steadiness of Fe deral generals in that region, as they will at once put a stop to any proceedings calculated to violate a strict neutrality in Mexican matters. By a corres pondence between the Confederate Gen. Slaughter and the Imperialist Gen. Mejia, recently captured at Matamoras, it Appears that $2,000,000 worth of cotton belonging to the Confederacy was car ried across tine Rio Grande into Mexico, by the connivance of the Mexican autho rities, subsequent to the surrender of Kirby Smith. This may lead to a complication, as the United States Government may demand a restitu tion of the cotton. Kirby Smith, Magruder, and Shelby, with seve ral other Confederate officers, have taken refuge in Mexico, and show strong sympathy for the Impe rialists. On June 23 10,000 of Kirby Smith's army had been paroled by the Federal officers, and 90 cannon and 20,000 stand of arms had been surren dered.i At that time the Federal ar m y was ra pidl y arriving at Galveston and the Rio Grande, and 70,000 men would be in Texas byJuly 4. Parties who have lately arrived from Brownsville say that the Imperialists and the Federal troops on either side of the Rio Grande were very saucy to each other, and it would not take much to precipitate a colli sion. A great deal of bad blood was apparent. A letter from John C. Breckiuridge to General Ewell has just been discovered in Richmond, which shows that the evacuation of Richmond was con templated by the Confederates fully six weeks before it took place. The letter is dated Feb. 25, 1865, and refers to the contemplated destruction of cotton and tobacco when the evacuation took place. The Young Men's Christian Association being unable to raise the money requisite to pay for Ford's Theatre in W ashington, the bargain has been broken off. In a few days Mr. Ford will again open his theatre, and, no doubt, from the celebrity the place has attained, he will draw good houses. Various Confederate documents recently found shed some light upon the secret history of the Con federacy when the Provisional Government was in existence at Montgomery, Alabama. Their Govern ment was in full operation within five weeks after the first CongreFs assembled. The discussions of the secret Sessions of the Congress are laid open. It appears that there was a strong feeling in the South in favour of calling the country " the Re public of Washington," but this was defeated by a majority of one vote in favour of the title " Confederate States of America." There were long debates over propositions to insert in the Southern Constitution a recognition of the Divinity, of the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, and the Christian Sabbath, but these propositions were rejected out of regard to the people of Louisiana and Texas. The Suspicious Death of a Young French Lady. Yesterday Dr. Lankester again presided over a jury at the British Stores, Portland-town, relative to the death of ]Mlle. Mario Bullot, aged 22 years, who died under sus picious circumstances at No. 28, Portland-terrace, St. John's-wood. Mr. M. Williams, barrister, appeared on behalf of Mrs. Priscilla Oliver, the landlady of the house ; and Mr. Lewis, solicitor, attended as before to watch the case for some parson whose namo did not transpire. Tho evidence taken yesterday was that of Dr. Wailes, who was called in by Dr. Meredyth, and who corroborated the medical testimony already given, and deposed to the assistance he had rendered. Mr. Martin, a gentleman lodge; at 28, Portland-terrace, for fifteen months, and Mrs. D'Esterre, a lady resident in the same house, gave evidence to the character of the esta blishment, which they believed was respectable. Susan Lydford, the servant girl, was also recalled, and said that a few days before Madlle. (Marie Ballot) arrived her apartments were occupied. About the second day of her occupation witness observed marks on the linen, but made no mention of it. She suspected nothing. No other gentleman than the one mentioned visited the deceased previous to her death. Witness had only been in that situation two months, and she did not know that Mrs. Oliver was a dressmaker. She had heard her say she made crinolines. The Jury, being anxious to hoar something about Mr. Oliver,onee:ra u d nderstanding that Mr. Martin had dined with him Mrs. D'Estorre had seen him only once in the garden, Mrs. Oliver was recalled,and, in answer to the coroner, h h e e t n he a r ddre o ss w e declined to say whether she had a husband or not. She would The not Coronersay wt " d t ni he arr ju i ry "l , o a r nd sin sa g i l d e. the only way in which the abortion had been ahkeiproducedifoliy pperformed, f w o r az e b d , y in struments,which had been most which had passages. wound having been inflicted on t received from Ho (the coroner) referred to a letter the mother of deceased in France, whi a ch n n t i;ta i t i od that she would come to London immediately, therefore asked the jury if they would prefer coming to o a then or wait for the arrival of the mother, who, probably', vt with a mother's feelings and knowledge,.mighesearch out something which would be of advantage. The Jury unanimously elected an adjournment. [AnvErrisEnEsv.—Holloway's Pills are decidedly the best remedy f or a ll disorders of the stomach and bowels, the liver and kidneys. They act with so decided an effect, and yet so gently, that people of the most delicate consti tutions may take them with the most perfect confidence. They do not contain a single grain of mercury or other noxious substance, being composed exclusively of rare balsams. They are, therefore, equally safe and efficacious, and as a family medicine nothing yet invented or dis covered can be compared with them for a. moment. With these inestimable pills at hand, together with the printed directions affixed to each box, no other medical advice or assistance can be required in any ordinary case of sickness. rfriE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVEMNG, VLY 18, 1866 Eoyal Agricultural Society's Meeting PLYMOUTH, Monday. Few people visited the showyard on Saturday, excepting members of the society ; but to-day, being bright and fine, has gathered a fair assem blage round the Judge's rings. The enclosed ground is very large, no less than 35 acres in extent, beau tifully situated a mile from the centre of Plymouth, upon an elevation commanding a magnificent land scape, and at the same time offering good slopes for the drainage of the site in case of wet weather. The offices, implement sheds, &c., are admirably ar ranged as usual, and the number of stands and ar ticles is very large. The implements fill sheds hav ing a total length of 6,700 ft., the machinery in motion takes up 1,576 ft. more, the seeds and models occupy 760 ft., and the live stock is lodged under 5,651 lineal feet of roofed shedding. As compared with Newcastle meeting last year we have here about the same number of implements, but 165 fewer entries of stock, and only about three-fourths of the number at Worcester. Of short horns there is a short suppply. In the class of only si*aged bulls the first prize won by Mr. Robert Sharpe's "Lord Chancellor," bred by the late Mr. Jonas Webb. This bull is not up in condition, and is slack behind the shoulder ; and the other ' animals in this class are still further from beng first rate. The yearling bulls make a good class—Mr. Fawkes's first prize, " Friar Tuck," having rare form and quality. This clever young bull is own brother to the first-prize bull calf, and is bred from the Earl of Zetland's stock. Mr. Booth's second-prize yearling bull has also con siderable merit. Mr. Fawkes, Sir Anthony de Rothschild, and Mr. George Game take the prizes in a capital ,class of bull-calves. The aged shorthorn cows are very fine indeed, Lady Emily Pigot's white " Perfume" (bred by Colonel Towneley), Mr. Stratton's "Diadem," Mr. Sharie's " Elegant," and Mr. Tennent's magnificent " Frederick's Farewell" (bred by Colonel Towne ley), yielding the palm to Mr. John Wood's first prize " Corinne," which has never been shown before at a Royal meeting. In the very large and grand class of yearling heifers Lord Feversham shows a real " Princess," and Mr. Charles Howard has a pair of great beauties. The judges were Messrs. Drewry, J. B. Thompson, and Robinson. The Herefords make an especially fine show. Mr. J. M. Read's fat prize aged bull " Colesborne" is ex tremely handsome, and has won many local prizes before, though only commended last year at New castle. Here he beats both Mr. Hollings's " Chief tain" and Mr. Baldwin's " Battersea"—which great prize -taking bull has much gone off in his points and handles badly. The cow classes are good, and each one of the 11 yearling heifers gets a prize or a com mendation. Major-General Hood wins a first prize with a sweet heifer-calf, and a third prize with a two-year old heifer. The judges were Messrs. Druce, Yeomans, and Pye. The show of Devons is the best of this breed ever seen. Mr. Sobey and Viscount Falmouth gain the first prizes for aged and three-year old bulls. Mr. George Turner is in first and second places with two-year old bulls ; and Mr. Davy's " Empress" in the cow class, and Mr. Davy's " Symmetry," and Mr. Quartly's yearling heifer are all the gems of this part of the yard ; the Devon yearling heifers, in fact, are all superb. The judges were Messrs. Franklin, J. E. Jones, and Umbers. In the sheep classes we find an unexampled show of Leicesters, large in number and of rare quality. Mr. Burton, Mr. Dabbs, Colonel Inge, and Mr. Cresswell beating Mr. George Turner and Mr. Pawlett. The judges .of Leicesters were Messrs. Borman, Painter, and Twitchell. The Cotswolds are not numerous, but comprise some animals of wonderful proportions and beauty, particularly those of Mr. Walker, Mr. Gillett, Mr. Wells, and Mr. Beale Browne. In the, Lincoln classes Mr. Marshall's shearling ram and Mr. Lynn's aged ram arc exceedingly good. The judges were Aylmer, G. Clarke, and Bateman. In Oxfordshire Downs Mr . Wallis, Mr. Bryan, the Duke of Marlborough, and Mr. C. Howard show the best pens. In the Southdown classes Lord Walsingliam carries off the first, second, and third prizes. for shearling rams, with three commendations besides,. beating Mr. Rig den and the Duke of Richmond. Lord IValsing ham, also, wins first and second prizes and a high commendation for aged rams, the third prize in the class going to Mr. Waters. With shearling ewes Lord Walsingliam takes second place to the Duke 'of Richmond's first ; and it is to be noted that the Southdown sheep are generally more perfect than ever exhibited before. The judges were Messrs. Fookes, 11. Overman, and J. S. Turner. The horses have come up badly ; the hundred pounds' prize for the best thorough-bred stud horse has called but a single candidate—Mr. Casson's Motley, by Touchstone, which won the prize last year as the best hunter sire. He looks well in spite of active work, having travelled hard ever since last March, and at 14 years old it is time he gave up the honours of the showyard. The hunter sires are a moderate lot. Mr. Luxton's first-prize stallion took second place at the Bath and West of England meeting too years ago. One or two good brood mares have made their appearance, but the hack neys are a small and poor class. The hunters make a very ordinary show, even Mr. Battam's first and second geldings being far from first-rate. There is a good class of agricultural horses, particularly the Duke of Beaufort's Clydesdale " Sir Robert," which wins first prize, and Mr. Elphick's Essex horse " Boxer," which was first at the Essex show at Brentwood. There is a very scanty show of Sufrolks, including, however, Mr. Boby's " Con queror," which was first in his class at Brent wood. and second at Newcastle, and also a good horse arid a prime mare and filly, exhibited by Sir E. Kerrison. The Dartmoor and Exmoor ponies are fewer than might have been expected, only one or two of the...4e possessing much merit. The judges of thorough-breds, hunters, hackneys, and poneys were Messrs. Barnett, Young, and Parrington ; and of agricultural and Suffolk horses, Messrs. Steedman, Brooks, and Cooper. The field trials of implements still continue. That the judges of drills, &c., Messrs. Ilicken, Thompson, Sherburn, Johnson, and Dyson, C.E., have tough work in their department will ap pear when we enumerate the nine general-purpose drills, the 15 corn-drills, the 14 small-occupation corn-drills, the two hill-side-delivery drills, the 14 turnip-drills on the flat, the eight turnip-drills on the ridge, the five drills for small seeds, the four drill-pressers, the eight dry-manure distributors, the three liquid-manure drills, the five liquid-manure distributors, and the nine horse-hoes on the flat, all of which had been subjected to actual trial between Thursday morning and Saturday night, with the loss of fully one day from wet weather. The drills were worked in turn with the requisite varieties of seeds and manures, the construction and mechanical details examined, and selected drills made to deposit upon hard road, where the regularity of distribution could be seen, as well worked for some time with the coulters in pulverised soil. Hornsby's arrangement of the manure barrel in the common drill is an effec tive improvement. Coultas has introduced many simple but peculiarly valuable details into his first class drills for all purposes, more particularly the copper " tins" for artificial manure. Reeves has furnished his liquid-manure drill with a cylinder that prevents the cups from breaking ; and Sainty has brought out quite a novelty in the shape of springs instead of weights upon the drill levers, an invention that lightens the implements and adds to its efficiency where level and well-pul verised seed-beds are to be sown. In dry-manure distributors little advance has been made upon Chambers's barrel with scrapers for sowing either minute or considerable quantities per acre. Priest and Woolnough's horse-hoe now competes against the novel implement of Sainty with the spring levers cha and light insandwind l i i n ft g ing a barrel, frme and d upp i l i an or tn n i sb g th yb e o ring k i l i out a horse-hoe having a swing steerage operating with spring hangers in an exact and easy manner. These weeding implements were tried upon young growing rye, and again upon a turnip crop ; and as f ar a testing has been bestowed upon them as the time would permit ; though it often happens that the merits of a good tool of this sort fail to appear until the farmer has had it home and thoroughly mastered every point in its somewhat difficult management. The Wimbledon Meeting. Yesterday was again a day when the rain during a couple of hours operated prejudicially upon the shooting; but both morning and afternoon the light and wind were all that could be desired. The Vo lunteers, therefore, grumbled but slightly at showers which coincided very nearly with their dinner hour, when shooting is, of course, suspended. Competitors who had been fortunate enough to obtain a place in the second stage of the Queen's Prize busied themselves during the day in making experimental practice with the new rifles, which were served out to them on Saturday, and expressed entire satisfaction with the results. The chances of ultimate success on the part of Mr. E. Ross, who won the silver medal, were freely canvassed, and as Englishmen are always ready to " back their opinions with their money," the discussion in many instances led to pecuniary wagers. At some of the former meetings it would not have been competent for any competitor to carry off the Queen's Prize a second time, but in consequence of representations made as to the dis couraging tendency of this regulation, the subject was fully considered at a meeting of the Asiociation, and it was determined to rescind the rule. Mr. Ross, therefore, if he should find himself ahead of the 60 this afternoon, as he has already made his way to the lead of the 2,000, will become entitled to the enviable distinction of receiving for the second time the prize given by her Majesty. Al though admission to the second stage of the great annual competition at Wimbledon is restricted to the 60 best shots in the first stage, the possession of a Rigby rifle fell within the grasp, or, rather, the for tune, of others as well. In connexion with the first stage a Queen's or Rigby Rifle Sweepstakes was founded and carried on under the following condi tions :—Such competitors as chose to do so paid an entrance-fee of 55., in addition to the entrance-fee for the Queen's Prize, and rifles were awarded to them in the proportion of one for every complete 100 entries. The scores made for the Queen's Prize decided the individuals—outside the prize winners under the general conditions of the match —to whom rifles should be given, but no one who had neglected-to pay the extra entrance fee had a claim to one of these rifles ; and it happened, curi ously enough, that there were several who were obliged to go without them, though their scores, had they been subscribers, were adequate to procure for them this advantage. The regulations under which the sweepstakes were carried on, introduced an ele ment of novelty into the competition, and seemed to excite much interest among the Volunteers. To all parties the new system is attended with gain. For while successful Volunteers obtain a first class match rifle upon a nominal payment of 55., the Association benefits from the proportion of entries in excess of those required to make up the cost price of £2O. And, lastly, Messrs. Rigby, the makers of the new rifles, not only secure in this manner the placing a large number of their weapons in the hands of first class shots, but are relieved from the necessity of taking back 30 rifles, which, from hav ing been used in the competition, could only be sold afterwards as second-hand. It is understood that this latter disadvantage was felt very strongly by Mr. Whitworth, whose name has been so creditably associated with former prize meetings of the Associa tion, and that the new arrangement was adopted, in a great measure, with a view of overcoming the difficulty thus pointed out. The two most interesting competitions of the day were those for the Dragon Cup, restricted to the sixty best shots in the first stage of the competition for the y St. George's Challenge Vase ; and for the " Any Rifle, Wimbledon Cup," value £lOO, re stricted to winners of prizes of the value of £5O and upwards in " any rifle" competitions at Wimbledon in previous years. The Dragon Cup was carried off by Private J. Hamerton, 12th Middlesex, with a score of 22 points, made in seven shots at 600 yards. Captain Horatio Ross, 6th Kincardinshire, took the Wimbledon Cup, justly accounted one of the principal prizes of the meeting, with a score of 48 points, made at the 600 and 1,000 yard ranges, a feat which it is needless to say has increased the confidence of the Scots in camp as to the issue of the match for the Elcho Challenge Shield. The other principal competitions during the day were the following : • FIRST STAGE ALBERT. Highest Scores at 500 Yards. Capt. Goodliffe, London Rifle Brigade Capt. Heaton, 3d Manchester Mr. Metford Capt. Astley, School of Musketry Sergeant Edwards, 6th Stafford Corporal Norsworth, 23d Middlesex .. Ensign Pixley, Victorias Private G. Wilkin, Ellon Rifles Major Bishop, Guernsey Ensign Sprott, sth Lancashire Corporal Thomas, 13th Lancashire... .. Sergeant Tinker, sth Lincoln Private Malcolm, London Scottish Sergeant Brown, 13th Lancashire Capt. Penny, Ist Gloucester Artillery Private Johnson, Bth Stafford Private Dawson, 4th West York Ensign Cockeram, 4th West York Lieut. Purchas, 14th Worcester Corporal Ingram, 3d Lanark... Sergeant Green, 3d Somerset Sergeant Palmer, 36th Stafford Captain Jaques, Surrey Lieut. Mariner, 9th Middlesex Private Lord Aberdeen, London Scottish... ... 19 Private Dunlop, London Scottish 19 Private Rasons, Hon. Artillery Company ... ... 19 Private Holloway, sth Gloucester Private Paulett, Cambridge University 19 Captain Macgregor, London Scottish Sergeant Snelus, Bth Cheshire Corporal Fraser, 7th Inverness Captain Kinnear, Edinburgh Rifle Brigade Private Baker; Ist Gloucester Sergeant Lane, Bristol Rifles SECOND STAGE ALEXANDRA, GOO YARDS. WINNEk. . 20 '2O . '2O ... 19 ... 19 Sergeant Kerr, London Scottish 23 ANY RIFLE ASSOCIATION CUP—IIIGHEST SCORE. 200 600 Yards. Yards. Total. A. Annison, L. S. R. C. ... 19 20 39 THIRD SERIES EXTRA PRIZES—HIGHEST SCORES.-600 Yards. Lieut. Cunningham, 18th Middlesex ... 19 Private the Earl of Aberdeen, London Scottish ... 18 Private Johnston, Bth Stafford ... 18 Private Read, 14th Suffolk ... ..• —• 18 Private "(Risen, 21st Lancashire ... 18 . Corporal Chapman, 3d West York ... ..• ••• 17 Privato Parsons, Hon. Artillery Company ••• 17 Private Adams, Ist Hereford ••• .11• 17 Serge'ant Lane, Bristol ... ••• "• 17 Ensign Starkie, Queen • 17 DRAGON CUP.—WINNER. - Private J. Hamerton, 12th Middlesex, 600 yards, 22 points. Correction.—Mr. Bass's Prize (Saturday, 15th inst.)-- For Private Bird, 18th Salop, read Colour-Sergoant Black, Bth Warwick. RIGBY RIFLE SWEBPSTAKES.—WINNERS• 200 Yards. ••• 18 Private C. Port er , Cth Lancashire ... Ensign Millington, sth Cumberland ••• —• 17 Sergeant Her r i es, 23d M iddlesex ••• 17 -7; Sergeant Allco c k , I st W arwick ••• •** -- 500 Yards. - Captain Morris, 9th Middlesex ... 18 Lieutenant Wallike r , I s t E as t York ••• ••• 18 Ensign Jackson, Ist East York ••• ''' ''' 18 ... Captain Mitchell, I s t Cl ac k manna n ... 17 _ _ GOO Yards. • __ ..• ... Colour-Sergeant T. Clews 3d Renfrew ... 17 6 Private Morgan, lst Leicester ••• "' Sergeant Charles, sth Dorset ••• ••• 16 FIRST SERIES EXTRA PRIZES.—WINNERS. 600 Yards. Points. Prize. Corporal Hogg, Ist Selkirk ••• ••• 19 Ist Ensign Onley, 11th W orces t er ... ••• 17 2d Corporal Geale, 3d Somerset ••• 17 3d Private Adams, Ist H ere f or d ••• 17 4th Private Read, 14th Suffolk ••• 16 .o. sth Captain Milward. 17th W orces t er ••• 16 6th Seageant Green, 3d S omerset ... ••• 16 7th Private Paton, lst A yr ••• 15 Bth 15 9th Private A. Barlow,, Dublin ... " SPECTATOR" PRIZE. Highest Scores. Unknown distances. Ensign A. Gilmour, 3d Renfrow ... ... 16 points. ANY RIFLE WIMBLEDON CUP.—WINNER. _ Captain Ross, 6th Kincardine ... ... „, 48 FIRST STAGE ALEXANDRA.—WINNERS, 500 Yards. Sergeant Griovo, Cambridge University 19 £2s Sergeant Clarke, sth Wilts ... ... 19 Sergeant-Major Hoßier, Ist Devon ... 19 Private R. Whincup, 17th West York... 19 Surgeon Wright, Rain Hood „. ... 3.8 Captain Henderson, 12th Cornwall ... 18 Quartermaster-Sergeant Williamson, 29th Lanark ... ... 18 Captain 'feline, 18th Somerset... .„ 18 Captain 3/Gregor, London Scottish ... 18 Colour-Sergeant Marriott, 4th West York ... ••• • Private Duncalfe, 27th Stafford Private Dear, Ist Herts Colour-Sergeant Westlake, 18th Devon 17 Private Irvine, let Aberdeen ... ... 17 Ensign Cunliffe, 3d Manchester ... 17 Private Bustard, 20th Middlesex ... 17 Sergeant Winstanley, 40th Lancashire 17 Captain Mitchell, Ist Clackmannan ... 17 Lieut. Thomas, 4th West York 17 Private Bruce, Edinburgh R.B. 17 Private Pigou, 9th Surrey ... 17 Captain Turner, 3d Manchester ... 17 Sergeant Thompson, 2d Kirkcudbright 17 Sergeant Kerr, London Scottish ... 17 Gunner Meggie, Hon. Artillery Co. ... 17 Ensign Norcombe, Ist Devon ... 17 Lance-Corporal Ingram, 3d Lanarkshire 17 Sergeant Deacob, Ist Northumberland 17 Corporal Brown, 3d 17 Sergeant Oundy, Oxford University 17 Sergeant Philip, 2d Middlesex ... 17 Sergeant Mellor, 6th Lancashire ... 17 Lieut. Stock, Ist Gloucester Artillery 17 Captain Milward, 17th Worcester ... 17 Corporal Lester, 12th Stafford 17 Private Adams, Ist Hereford ... 17 Private Meakin, 2d Derby 16 Corporal Coulsin, Ist New. 16 Corporal Brown, 2d Salop ... 16 Captain Davis, 7th Northumberland ... 16 Lieut. Fuller, Ist Cumberland ... ... 16 Private Knox, 21st Durham ... ... 16 Pri;ate Dawe, Victorian ... 16 Sergeant Kimble, 25th Kent ... 16 Private M'Lean, Ist Ross-shire ... 16 Private Vale, Ist Warwick ... 16 Lieut. Watson, 16th West York ... 16 Lieut. Palmer, lsb Cumberland ... 16 Ensign Cartwright, 11th London 16 Private Paton, Ist Ayr 16 Sergeant Kirk, let East York ... 16 Corporal Leah, 19th Cheshire 16 Sergeant Green, Ist Somerset ... 16 Sergeant Lunnon, Ist Bucks ... 16 Lieut. Fisher, London Scottish 16 Captain Fenton, 24th Lancashire 16 Captain Ashley, School of Musketry ... 16 Corporal Penman, 3d Durham... 16 Corporal Webb, 2d Oiford 16 Sergeant Herries, 23d Middlesex ... 16 Sergeant French, Ist Warwick... 16 Captain Bosanquot, 6th Monmouth 16 Corporal Bland, 4th North York 16 Corporal Glane, 19th Middlesex 16 Sergeant Thompson, 2d Renfrowshire... 16 Private James, Queen's ... 16 Quartermaster-Sergeant Woodcock, 3d West York 16 Corporal Chaloner, Ist West York ... 16 Sergeant Hardy, 16th Lincoln 16 Captain Webb, Ist Hereford ... 16 Lieut. Woodall, W es t L on d on ... 16 The contest between eight members on each side from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge for the Chancellor's Cup will take place on Wednesday next. Oxford will be represented by Corporal Blackburn, Private Winger, Colour-Sergeant Ward, Sergeant Ilony, Lieut. Morrell, Private Rolle, Sergeant-Major Bathe, and Sergeant Cundy ; Cambridge by Captain Richardson, the Marquis of Lorne, Lieut. R. Thompson, Sergeant Grieve, Ser geant White, the. Hon. B. Bouverie, Private Dyer, and Private the Hon. Orde Powlett. This contest will take place at 3 o'clock. ... 18 Railway Directors in the New Parliament. Judging from the progress which has been made in the elections, there will be several important changes in the representation of railway interest in the new Parliament. To the close of the polls on Saturday night the railway interest had lost Mr. Beale, at Derby ; Mr. Beaumont, Newcastle-on-Tyne ; Mr. Bramley-Moore, Lincoln ; Mr. Cargill, Berwick ; Mr. Chapman, Great Grimsby ; Sir J. D. Elphinstone, Portsmouth ; Mr. Seymour Fitzgerald, Horsham ; Sir John Hay, Wakefield ; Mr. Heygate, Lei cester; Mr. R. Hodson, Tynemouth ; Mr. Lawson, Carlisle; Lord A. Paget, Lichfield ; Mr. Pilkington, Blackburn ; Alderman Rose, Southampton ; Mr. Turner, Manchester; Lord Fernley, Marylebone ; Major Bruce, Elgin ; Mr. Buchanan, Glasgow; Viscount Bury, Wick ; Mr. Langton, Bristol ; Mr. Leatham, Huddersfield ; Admiral Leak; Dover ; Mr. Norris, Abingdon ; Mr. Quinn, Newry ; and Mr. Thompson, at Whitby. Among the additions and changes which maybe recorded are the return of Mr. Kelk, the great railway contractor, who has been returned for Harwich ; and Sir Morton Pete, who has been returned for Bristol instead of Finsbury. Mr. Albert Grant, managing director of the Credit Foncier, has been returned for Kidderminster; Mr. J. Goodsqp, chairman of the Great Eastern, has been elected for Yar mouth ; Mr. Freshfield, who represents the Chatham and Do ver interest, has been successful at Dover, having defeated Viscount Bury, a director of the London and South- Western. Mr. G. F. Holroyd, formerly secretary of the London, Chatham, and Dover, now ono of its directors, has been unsuccessful at Northamptan. Alderman Dakin, director among other railway companies of the Great Wes tern of Canada, has been defeated at Thetford. Mr. Lyall, formerly member for Whitehaven, has lost his seat for that borough, and was also defeated for the city of London. Mr. Hudson flashed like a meteor across the horizon, but has suddenly disappeared, owing to the unwelcome inter ference of the sheriff's representatives; and in connection with these unpleasant disappearances may also bo men tioned the case of a Mr. Harris, not however a railway director, at the suit of the South Wales Railway Company, who was compelled to bring his candidature for Evesham to an untimely close.—Railway News. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS-July 17. Tho July adjourned quarter sessions of the peace for the county of Middlesex commenced yesterday at the Sessions House, Clerkenwell-green, before Mr. Bodkin, assistant judge, and a bench of magistrates. The calendar contains the names of 98 prisoners committed for trial, besides bail cases. There aro 87 indicted fcr felony, and 11 for mis demeanour. The grand jury having boon sworn, the Assistant-Judge briefly addressed them, and they retired. Elizabeth Dixon, who was convicted the sessions before last of keeping a disorderly house in the parish of St. George, Hanover-square, was brought up for judgment. This case excited a good deal of interest, it having been submitted after the conviction to the Homo Secretary for investigation, as the counsel who appeared for Mrs. Dixon submitted that she was a highly respectable woman, and that the case had been made out against her by wilful and corrupt perjury. Mr. Ribton, who appeared for tho defendant, said that his lordship was well aware of the facts of the case, and he should be able to call Colonel White, Colonel Churchill, and Colonel Little, which would be a complete answer to the case. This case afforded an illustration of the injus tice, to a remarkable extent, of the manner in which such cases were got up ; for, had there been an examination be fore a magistrate, and had they had an opportunity of in quiring into the character of the witnesses, a complete answer would at once have been made to the case for the prosecution. One witness, of the name of Watson, was called for the prosecution, but there was a gentleman from the Home-office who was in attendance, who would prove that all she had formerly-stated was untrue. Mr. Metcalfe said the witness Watson had been attacked in every possible manner since she gave her evidence. Mr. Ribton said she was now under a charge of perjury, and he was in possession of documents to prove that all she bad formerly stated was entirely false. The Assistant-Judge said that it was altogether a very remarkable case, and he should only order her to enter into her own rocognizances in the sum of X5O to come up for judgment when called upon. James Parker, ElizabothiParker, Nelly Williams, other wise Irish Nelly, otherwise Ellen Prendergast, and Henry Edwards, wore also brought up for judgment, charged with a similar offence. Tho Assistant-Judge sentenced James Parker, Ellen Prendergast, and Henry Edwards to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour for three months. Tho other prisoners were discharged. Mr. W. Doveton Smyth, of Rochester-terrace, was the solicitor in these cases for the defence. Joseph Boys, 50, draper, and a very respectable looking man, was indicted for stealing half-a-crown, the money of William Wightman, his master. He pleaded guilty to the indicjmont. The prosecutor, in answer to questions from tho Assist ant-Judge, said the prisonor had been in his service for up 'yards of 26 years, but having of late missed money he marked somo and put it into the till. Shortly afterwards, on going to it, half-a-crown was missed, which was found upon the prisoner. The Assistant-Judge sentenced him to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour for 12 months. James Tidier, 22, was indicted for maliciously damaging a pane of plate glass, value .£5 65., the property of John Whiskard. lie pleaded guilty. The prisoner went up to the shop in the Strand and do liberately smashed the window, the object evidently being to steal the articles of jewellery and silvor that were close behind the glass. The Assistant-Judge sentenced him to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour for six months. • Our Victorian neighbours are going into the culture and manufacture of tobacco with great energy, and we understand with considerable success. Tobacco is added to their local industries, and promises to become an important branch of colonial produce.—South Australian Register. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—A second time has an expedition set sail from English shores to bind together in closer com munion than ever the two great nations of English speaking men. The Great Eastern, with the Atlantic Telegraph cable on board, passed the Downs on Sunday, was yesterday off Falmouth, and, if all be well, will be off Valentia this evening. Thence she will sail on her great enterprise to link America with England, and not only with England, but with all the nations of the New World. Once before the at tempt was made, and nearly succeeded. How much has happened since that time it is scarcely necessary to recall. Mr: Buchanan was then the honoured chief magistrate of a united people, whose differences were counted as no more than the natural accom paniments of an energetic political life. Now he shrouds himself in the deepest seclusion, neglected and despised by the party he too faithfully served, and hated by those who have succeeded him in power as the man whose treacherous complicity with rebels made'rebellion possible. The people over whom he bore rule have been turned one against another in fiercest strife, and a civil war has raged among them which was almost without a p ara ll e l for the magnitude of its operations and the animosity of the combatants. If we have been spared such a calamity, we have not been without our private griefs. The workmen of Lancashire have been struck as with famine, and from every part of the Empire help has come to them in their distress. Now, when peace has once more returned to America, and plenty has revisited our own populations, an effort is fitly made to take up the task once before attempted and abandoned in failure. There is a fair promise that the reunion of England and America will this time be achieved. The difficulty is purely mechanical, the points of departure and arrival are given, and, thanks to the deep-sea soundings, the path between them is as carefully mapped out as if it had been triangulated by the Royal Engineers. When the way is thus known the problem may be considered as half solved. A long time may elapse before our machinery is sufficiently perfect to let us succeed in the under taking of sending a message across the Atlantic, but it is clear that the feat can be done. We know that a mechanical action at the one end of a wire can be repeated at the other, and we know the•line along which our wire must be laid. If it be worth while to persevere in successive experiments, we must in the end secure success. But there is a good warrant for believing that we shall be successful on this occasion. Our former trial showed us the errors to be avoided, and the points at which the machinery was likely to break down. Every effort has been made to prevent a repetition of former mistakes. The:cable has been manufactured with the utmost care, and has been severely tested. Every inch of . it has been the subject of minute examination. It may be almost pronounced flawless. It has been stowed away in the great ship which carries it in such a manner that it may be uncoiled without slipping and without a hitch. Some of the best mechanicians of England are on board the ship, and they are aided by the counsel of men who have made electrical science their especial study. The vessel sails at a time of the year which gives the fairest prospect of weather suited for the great design. We cannot command success, and it is even possible that, with all our efforts, we do not yet deserve it ; but we may express our hope that our labour may not be in vain, and that in the course of a few days words will pass from shore to to shore of the Atlantic, and an electric communi cation be established never more to be severed. The mechanical triumph of uniting the two con tinents together, whenever it is accomplished, will justly be deemed enormous, but it is, perhaps, pos sible to overrate the importance of the feat as a step in the progress of civilisation. At best the means of commanication is of less importance than the thing communicated. We have established a tele graph between England and India, and a day suf fices to convey a message from London to the East. The most important news yet transmitted has, however, been the price of cotton and the collapse of mercantile houses at Bombay. We might, per haps, have waited a little longer for this intelligence. But independent of the consideration that we shall not be necessarily wiser because we can converse with greater rapidity, it must always be remembered that telegraphic despatches are, at the best, hasty and imperfect. Our information comes more quickly, but it is less complete. This is of slight import ance when the intelligence only serves to excite our curiosity, but there are occasions when the transmission of imperfect telegrams might produce serious embarrassment. Some hasty thinkers have regretted that the Atlantic cable was not laid and in working order at the time of the affair of the Trent. They have thought that the ground of offence would have been immediately removed could the two nations have communicated directly with one another. This is very doubtful.' It seems more probable that the exultation of the Ameri can public at the capture of the obnoxious commis sioners would have been known in England, and the resentment . of our own people at the want of n respect to the ational flag would have been known in America, long before the voice of reason could have been heard, and the exasperation of both na tions would have been increased. The rulers would have found it impossible to control the passions of the ruled, and the happy settlement of the dispute which did take place would have been impossible. It is unnecessary to multiply instances, which are only too apparent, of the dangers of half-knowledge. Every one will hope that we may escape such dan gers, but we can only do so by remembering the imperfections of telegraphic news, and by withhold ing our judgment in the exercise of a large charity until we are furnished with ample details. The establishment of telegraphic communication with America will not be without its drawbacks, but, on the whole, it cannot fail to prove of advantage to the two nations. The advice, " Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring," is discarded in education, and may be put aside in politics. A little knowledge is better than none, and if we only remember that our knowledge is little we cannot go wrong. The civil war which has wasted America has had this among other good effects—that it has made Englishmen know very much more than they formerly did of Americans. At the commencement of the struggle the ignorance even of those among us reputed well informed was portentous. We now know almost as much of the politics of the United States as of our own country, and are so far prepared for the reception of tele graphic despatches from the other side of the At lantic. The daily scraps will reach us like intelli gence from another province of the same nation, and it is through the constant interchange of news which may often, perhaps, appear insignificant that communities are drawn most closely to one another. When the communities have the same origin, boast the same blood, use the same tongue, inherit the same literature, pursue the same aim of reconciling order with liberty and justice with freedom, each should be strengthened, animated, and encouraged by closer intercourse with the other, and it is because we believe this of England and America that we say " God speed the Atlantic Tele graph." POST.—The intelligence from America informs us that the persons found guilty of being concerned in the assassination of President Lincoln have been sentenced to undergo various penalties, ranging be tween death on the scaffold and imprisonment for a term of years. Payne, Harrold, Atzerott, and Mrs. Surratt were sentenced to be hanged ; Mudd, Arnold, and O'Laughlin to be imprisoned for life, and Spangler to six years in the penitentiary. The sentence of death, as we now learn, has been carried out. Assuming that the accused have had a fair trial, and have been legally and properly convicted, it is impossible not to admit that they have been concerned in one of the foulest crimes recorded in history. There is one overpowering reason which instinctively dominates all rightly constitutedminds, without the necessity of being formulated, and which, by a primary intuition, forces us to condemn assassination, whatever plausible form it may take, and whatever anci en t prece d ents may b e a dd uce d in its justification. That reason is, that it utterly sets aside the great principle that no man should be judge in his own cause, much less judge and execu tioner. It ignores and traverses the principle that to unite the characters of party and judge is one practical illustration of the height of absurdity and folly. But tyrannicide, to take the most specious and plausible form of political assassination, goes much further even than this. The whole affair is ex pante from beginning to end. The .witness for the accusation, the counsel for the prosecution, the judge who passes sentence, are all one and the same party. They hear nothing that can be urged on the other side. Indeed, they are incapable of hear ing and appreciating anything that could be urged on the other side. They are utterly disqualified from discharging the functions of jury or judge. They have made up their minds long ago, or rather they were always of one way of thinking, or, to speak more accurately, of feeling without ever having considered the merits of the case at all ; and, when they proceed to action, all they care about is the gratification of a sanguinary passion, the slaking of their unquenchable thirst for blind unr easoning vengeance. Of course they can quote, or misquote, as a certain personage is said to do, the Scriptures for their own ends. But no pretence, however plausible, will overcome the detestation which all normally constituted minds must feel for political assassination. It is intuitively and instinc tively condemned, and reflection and reasoning serve but to confirm, by logical processes, the sentence of feeling and sentiment. The assassination of Prest dent Lincoln was as prejudicial to the South as to the North ; indeed it was more so. If the conspira tors were Southern sympathisers they were o f that irrational class which constitutes a standing proof that a friend may often be the worst of enemies. Having regard to the time at which the crime was committed there was nothing which the worst enemy of the South could do so calculated to injure it as the assassination of President Lincoln. Mr. Lincoln was known to be a moderate and placable man. He appears never to have made a personal enemy, and he himself appears to have been the personal enemy of no man. He was for a conciliatory and amicable policy. He was ready to forget the past and let bygones be bygones. He was chief magistrate of the North, and he did what he believed was his duty in the prosecution of the war, but he did it without tem per and without revenge. There is reason to believe that whatever he could have done to lighten the bur dens and diminish the humiliation of the South he would have done. All this the leaders of the Con federacy knew full well, and this fact is sufficient to acquit them of any participation in the conspiracy to murder him. For his successor, in case of death before the expiry of his term of office, he had a man who was believed to be of a very - different cast of cha racter. Vice-President Johnson was a man who from the force of circumstances—we would state the case as moderately as possible—had come to be a bitter enemy of the South. Whether he or the South was at fault will not alter the fact. He was be lieved to have injuries real or supposed to redress, and vengeance of no mild order to wreak and to gratify. We do not concern ourselves here with ascertaining and deciding how far this impression was true. That is not to the purpose in the present discussion. It is sufficient that this was the prevalent belief. And it is quite impossible that in the face of this fact the Southern chiefs, who have proved them selves so eminently sagacious in other things, should have committed so enormous a blunder—a blunder involving so heinous a crime as to compass and in stigate the assassination of a man who was practi cally a friend, to place in his office a man who was believed to be a deadly enemy. If the assassination of the Northern President had taken place earlier in the war, while the issue was yet doubtful, the case would have been somewhat different. But nothing short of blind infatuation and unreasoning 1 violence could have dreamed of such a thing at the time when this great crime was actually accom plished: The South, at this extreme crisis of her fortunes, was helpless and prostrate at the feet of the North, and it might not unreasonably have been expected, in the case of so impulsive and so pas sionate a people, that the Federals would take a terrible revenge for the murder of their chief ma gistrate. No leading man of the South could, upon any known theory of human nature and human motives, have sanctioned such an act at such a time. If President Johnson has, since he has attained to power, creditably belied his former reputation, and adopted wise, conciliatory, and moderate counsels, it is in spite of the provocation which was given in the murder of his predecessor. If he continue the policy of Mr. Lincoln it is fortunate for the South, and diametrically opposed to the course of action which the conspiracy to murder the chief members of the Federal Government was calculated to pro voke. The policy which the new President has followed hitherto may be an illustration of how the conduct of men is determined by the force and pressure of circumstances. The Vice-Presidency of the American Union is an office which is much higher in rank than in practical importance. Most functionaries in America have a habit of free speech. They say whatever comes uppermost in their minds and is most likely to please their hearers. But this is peculiarly the case with the Vice-President. He has little or no power, and is therefore virtually ir responsible. Mr. Johnson, when he was Vice-Pre sident, appears freely to have uttered his sentiments about the South and the war. But when he became President he had not only to talk buttto act. It is but fair to say that since his accession to power he has acted with much more discretion than he for merly talked. The responsibilities of office act as a useful restraint even upon the most impulsive natures. But even if President Johnson should prove as temperate and reasonable as his predeces sor, it will be no thanks to the conspirators who entered into a plot for accomplishing one of the foulest crimes in history. Those conspirators must have been persons of headlong impulsive character, utterly incapable of reasoning, or of foreseeing and appreciating consequences. In seeking to inflict an injury upon the North, which could not be effected by the crime they perpetrated, they ran the risk of bringing irremediable ruin upon the South. So in fatuated were they that they could hot see what was palpable to all the world ; but the crime they have expiated affords yet another proof of the inutility, the wickedness, and the folly of political assassina tion. COUNTRY MARKETS CITETALSFORD—JULY 14. Thero was a very thin attendance at our market, and, with a fair supply, wheat sold moderately at about the quotations of last week. Other articles were firm at for mer quotations. _ _ . --- Wile4t, old white....4ls 48s Peas, Partridge 360 38 0 new 418 48s White ..3t8 340 old red. 40s 428 B, Ring 38s 428 new. 38s 42s Dun 31s 3.5 8 Barley . 8 32s dit o, new —s - - .I 4. hevalier .......... 2 25 0 33s Beans, Tick, old .......3 is 370 Grind ug : Os Bs new. ...—s 8 Mali.. 6ls 67s Harrow i icks.3ss 0 Chevalier 64s 60 new. ... s - 8 Oats ........ ... 2os 26s Mazigan 33s 363 GRANTHAM—JULY 15. Old white wheat, 41s to 465; old red, 37s to 425; floc white, 43s to 47s • new red, 39s to 43s per 36 s t one . Bar ley for malting, 29s to 33s per qr. ; grinding, 24s to 26s per 30 stone. Oats, old, 25s to 27s ; new, 22s to 24s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 39s to 41s; new, 36s to 38s per 38 stone. Peas, 34s to 36s per 36 stone. COLCITESTER—JuLv 15. The supply of wheat very fair, but a slow demand at barely last week's prices. Spring corn at late terms. Wheat. white 42s 46s Beans, Mazapran......33s 38s red 3Js 428 Middle and small__ 35s gog Barley ... ... 2fs 348 Peas, white. 35s 38 4 Oati 20s 25s grey ..... .......36s 388 NORTHAMPTON.—JULY 15. New white wheat, 40s to 45s ; new red, 39s to 42s ; old white, 39s to 445 ; o ld re d , 38s to 41s per 36 stone. Barley for malting, 31s to 33s per qr. ; grinding, 26s to 31s per 30 stone. Oats, old, 25s to 26s • new, 18s to 24s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 36s to 40 s ; new, '3ss to 38s per 38 stone. Peas, 33s to 38s per 36 stone. ABERDEEN—ATLY 14. The deliveries are firm, but not extensive. W e had A small attendance at, this day's market. Oats are is per qr. lower, with a slow • demand. ' s 0 0 d d t t o o 3 3 6 8 : 0 0 d d Red wheat White wheat Potato oats 20s Od to 20s 6d ' Common oat s 19s Od to 20s Od 4 6 0 2: : bushel.bushel. Bere 21s Od to 22s Od t Barley 2ls Od t o 22 s 6df 5311) V bushel. Oatmeal lss 6d to 168 6d 11 boll of 140Ib. Flour, fine,,.,..., 31s 6d to 32s Od V sac k o f 280Ib. KIRKCALDY—JULY 15. Fair supply of wheat, small of barley and oats. Sales slow at the prices of this day week. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First...— 38s Od 25s Od 22s 6d :econd 3.)s 6d 2Ss 6 1 23s Ed Tt.kira 4ls Od s Od 25s Od COAL MARKET. Price per ton at the close of the market. --- Hatton Lyons l7 6 H o l ywe n Main l7 0 Eden Main Tunstall W y l am IG 6 East Hartlepool Walls End H aswe ll ... 19 G Haugh Hall lB u Hatton l9 G Braddyell's Hatton.... 18 9 Wharncliffe ......... -- - Ships at market, 38 ; sold, 18. EXTENSIVE FIRE AT BERMONDSEY.. .The premises of the Bermondsey Cooperage Company, situated in Parish-street, and extending under the railway arches/ took fire last night ; and although the brigade turned out in groat force with a large number of engines, the mills" gration was not got under until an immense amount of property was destroyed. Births. ANNESLEY.—On tho 16th inst., at 5, Leinster-terracet Hyde-park, the wife of the Hon. S. Annesley, of a son• AUSTEN.—On tho 16th inst., at Portsdown Lodge, Hantg , tho wife of Captain H. G. Austen, R.N., of a daughter. POWELL.—On the 17th inst., at Stockwell, Mrs. William Powell, of a daughter. TAMAN.—On the 16th inst., at South View, Hounslovrt Mrs. Henry Taman, of a son. Marriages. DUNBAR—EYRE.—On the loth inst., at Welford, Archiball Hamilton, eldest son o f Sir Archibald Dunbar, Bart., ' 9 Duffus Hous e , county Elgin, to Isabella Mary, eldest daughter of C. Eyre, Esq., of Welford Park, Berks. GRAY—POLLOCK.—On tho 16th inst., at the parish church of Bromley St. L eonard ' s, Alexander Gray, only son o A. Gray, E sq., of Southampton, to Ann, eldest (laughter of Mr. Raert Pollock, East India-road, London. Deaths. BRYAN.—On the 12th inst., at Pombroke-road, Dublin' Loftus A. Bryan, Esq., of Upton, county Wexford, ag e( ' 71. GOMPERTZ.—On the 14th inst., at Kennington-terrac e ' Vauxhall, Benjamin Gompertz, Esq., F.R.S., aged 87. JACXSON.—On the 14th inst., at his residence, 41, Belgrai r square, Washington Jackson, Esq., aged 82. KIDD.—On the 14th inst., at 10, Manor-terrace, Haekneff Mr. Houston Kidd, of 70, Mark-lane. NORNII.—On the 14th inst., Richard Toulmin North, Bs c l"' of Thurlaud Castle, Lancashire, late of the Coldstrea' — , Guards, aged 84. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDB IO , 2 : of No. 112, Strand , Puluter, at Tn z SUN O ffi ce, No 1 ` Strand, in the Precinct o f th e S avoy, in the Want ° DialleleX.—Tuesclay, July 18, 1865. 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