The Sun. — London, England, 1865-07-26 00:00:00

The Atlantic Telegraph Expedition. VALENTIA, July 23. Before this reaches the public the Great Eastern, if all all go well, will already have laid some 300 miles of the Atlantic cable, will have passed over the shoal known on the submarine maps as the Irish Bank, and have steadily settled down to her work in some 2,000 fathoms water. Nothing could possibly have been more auspicious than all the cir cumstances attending her departure) both as regards weather and the mechanical fitness of all the appa ratus connected with the process of submerging. During her stay at Beerhaven all the machinery for paying out, under-running , letting go the buoy rope, &c., has been tested and found to answer on in the factory at board the ship as well as Wool wich. The circular guards, called crinolines, to be I suspended over the cable tanks, and through the centre of which the cable will be paid out, have been fixed, and the contents of the three tanks, which hale hitherto been only temporarily joined, 'carefully spliced-together as they are to the rest at the bottom of the Atlantic. As the cable is to be paid out first from the after tank, and next from the forward, the end of that in the tank astern has to be joined with the first part of that ahead. For this purpose it has to be taken along the whole length of the Great Eastern's deck under a wooden case, which is firmly screwed down, to protect it alike from accidental or malicious injury, the latter, strange to say, being generally considered the more formidable of the two risks. When the cable is paid out from the aftermost tank, the long " lead," as it is termed, to the forward coil will make this part of the transmission comparatively easy and safe, but passing from the forward to the midship section is only a short distance, and this will be the greatest danger of the undertaking. With a stiff wire rope passing out at six knots, or nearly seven miles an hour, its liability to kink in running from one coil to another is something unpleasantly easy, while stop ping the speed of the vessel is almost even more dangerous, as it suddenly checks some four or five miles of heavy iron rope in its downward course to the bottom. Almost every accident that has oc curred in laying cables has arisen either from pass ing from coil to coil at speed, or slowing the vessel too much to reduce this danger. The composite order of the machinery of the Great Eastern, which enables her with her paddle wheel engines to turn at once astern, reduces this danger, however, to as low a risk as possible. During all the time that the vessel has been at Beerhaven the cable has been regularly tested through at least twice a day, and in every instance the signals have been singularly clear and perfect. Beyond all question the condition of the wire is certain to improve, if successfully laid, under the great compression and uniform temperature which the depths of the Atlantic will afford it. Thus, for instance, with the shore end, which was laid on Saturday, the testing on board the Caroline gave only 7,000,000 units, yet yesterday, when it had scarcely been down some 30 hours, this rate had risen from 7,000,000 to 13,000,000 units. The average rate of perfection of the Atlantic cable for the deep sea portion has been 11,000,000 units, so that on being submerged 15,000,000 units may be safely looked for, an improvement :which ought to make a difference of at least one and a half words a minute in the rate of telegraphing, or, in other words, a gain of £150,000 a year in the receipts of the com pany. The Great Eastern was warned on Saturday to keep herself in readiness for an early start at daybreak yesterday to join the Caroline, which had the end of the shore line on board. It may be mentioned that the shore end of the cable, though commenced under the cliffs with what seems a pon derous bar of iron, gradually tapers into a smaller and lighter rope as the depth of water and distance from the shore increases. Under the rocks it is for five miles out 2J inches in diameter ; at ten miles distance only 2 inches ; at 15 miles it is reduced to 1f inches, at 20 miles to about 1 inch, and at 25 miles of its extreme length it merges into the ordi nary size of the deep sea wire, with which it has to be joined. The Caroline laid this end, as we have already described, on Saturday, carefully buoying the last portions of it, leaving some half-mile or so on board her decks to form the splice. This opera tion was completed yesterday. The Great Eastern was off Bray head at 9 a.m., but at such a distance from the dangerous shore that only those provided with good glasses could make out from the land where the huge vessel lay, under the cloud of smoke which she poured forth, and which reached like a fog-bank across the ocean. The party who started to witness the making of the splice and the final starting left Valentia in the Hawk, the Great Eastern's rapid tender, soon after 9 in the morning. Among those on board were Lord John Hay, Sir R. Peel, M.P., the Knight of Kerry, with his daughters, the Misses Fitzgerald, Capt. White, R.N., Captain Hamilton, Mr. W. 11. Russell, Mr. Edwards, Mrs. Glass, &c. The western extremity of Ireland was reached in about an hour, and soon afterwards the magnificent rock that carries the Skellig Light, a wild stupendous mass of cliff which, amid deep water, rises from the ocean to a height of 800 feet, and which the incessant beat of the Atlantic seems to have worn into seams and angry gaps that almost undermine its base. About 15 miles beyond these rocks the Great Eastern was at rest, not moving to the dull, easy swell, though her two guards of honour, the Terrible and Sphinx, were rolling slightly ; while the Caroline, with the end of the shore cable on board, and looking uglier than ever now that she was light and out of water, was especially lively. It is difficult to describe in any but the most matter-of-fact terms the routine process which marked the commencement of this enterprise. It had already begun when the Hawk arrived and the paddle-box boats of the men-of war and the cutters of the Great Eastern were filled with cable, which passing through the paying -out machine astern was being slowly towed from the great ship to the Caroline. The operation of splicing was one of time and difficulty, for smooth as the sea had seemed from land the regular heave of the Atlantic was deep enough. Sir Robert Peel, Lord John Hay, and Mr. Russell managed to get on board the Great Eastern, but with such difficulty that few others were induced to venture on the risk of the undertaking, and still fewer to accomplish it. Soon after one o'clock the coils of the deep sea cable were safely wound on board the Caroline, and the work of splicing them at once commenced. This was done by stripping both ends of, hemp out side wires, and gutta percha for a short distance till the copper conductor of the line was laid bare, and pared down to a fine wedge-shaped point at either end. Th e connect i ng conductors were then over lapped in the form known as a , 4 scarf joint, and firmly bou n d together with fine threads of copper wire, till the junction was made even stronger than the main portions of the line. The threads and conductor were then soldered together thickly, and strips of soft gutta percha, like bands of brown tape, were wound layer over layer, and their edges closely pressed, so as to form one homogeneousmass, till a certain thickness was completed. Then came a coating of insulating material called Chat terton's Compound, and then again anotherlayer of gutta percha tape, until the whole was inclosed in four rings of the . gutta percha and three of the Compound. The joint was then immersed in cold water for testing, and the signals proving perfect, the last protection of hemp and outside wire was added, and the joint sunk again into the sea, that its perfectness as to con ductivity and insulation might be ascertained from the extreme end of the whole length of the cable on board the Great Eastern. It was past 4 o'clock be fore the last of these tests was concluded, not that it did not test well from the first, but simply because it was intended to exhaust every trial known to elec tricians before the great journey was begun. All the signals from end to end of the wire came won derfully distinct into the instrument room o f th e p Leceiving-bouse at the head of Foilhommerum-bay, and at 4.30 the fl gas on board the Caroline and Great Easte rn we re anted down to show that all was ready. By that time the Great Eastern, which had always kept m • ovll3o* ° her paddles at intervals, had forged ahead of the Caroline some two or three miles, paying out the cable slowly as she went on, and leaving the latter vessel the only float by which one portion of the • wire was kept above water. The instant, however, that the flags . went down the last fastenings which held it to the Caroline were cast adrift, and with a great splash the final joint of the Atlantic Telegraph and the first 30 miles of its length went down slowly into the blue water and were out of sight. Long before this Sir Robt. Peel and Lord John Hay had returned on board the Hawk, which at once steamed away, when the splice was turned adrift, to overtake the Great Eastern. This was very easily done, for while the latter was barely steaming five knots an hour the former was running fourteen. As the tender came near the thin narrow rope of cable could be seen passing over the last wheel astern, and sinking into the foam without strain of any kind, as it seemed for a moment or so to float slowly aft before it dis appeared under the swell that still kept rolling deeply in. The after deck sponsons bridge and paddle-boxes of the Great Eastern were crowded as the Hawk came alongside, and it was easy from the distance which the tender held to distinguish the faces of those on board as they waved their hats and cheered. In the midst of this the Great Eastern fired two guns from her bows at 5.30 to mark the commencement of her journey, and Sir Robert Peel, mounting to the little quarter-deck of the Hawk, marked time, while three small but earnest cheers were given by the select company on board to the success of the great enterprise. In return came back a swelling, hearty roar from all on the cable ship, as with the last salute of waving hats and caps and handkerchiefs the tender dropped astern, leaving the Great Eastern dippling slowly but steadily ahead, at the rate of about six knots an hour. Both the Ter rible and Sphynx were close at hand, contributing a little, and but a little, to the huge volume of smoke which their gigantic consort spread far and wide over the sea, and which even appeared in the distance to taint the blue mountains of Kerry on shore. As long as signs could be made or hats waved the vessel was anxiously watched, but she soon hid herself in her own smoke, and when the Hawk neared the Irish coast a mere brown cloud in the horizon was all that showed where the greatest ship in the world was steaming away to endeavour to accomplish the reali zation of an idea even more venturesome and infinitely more important thantnat which she herself embodies. May she be successful ! VALENTIA, July 25, 9.30 p.m. Signals received from the Great Eastern at 9 a.m. to-day report the discovery of a fault, and perfect repair of the cable. The intelligence reached here in time to prevent the sailing of the Caroline to pick up the splice. The news, however, could not be sent to London, as the land lines were down between this and Killarney, and were not repaired till this evening. The last signals from the Great Eastern at 4.30 p.m. report that the paying out has been resumed and that all is going well. Both signals and reverse current are remarkably clear and strong. The following telegram •has been received by Renter's Telegraph Company (Limited) from Mr. A. 11. Glass, managing director of the Telegraph Construction and - Maintenance Company (Limited) : " VALENTIA, July 25. " The Great Eastern telegraphs, inlat. 52, long. 12, that a small fault has been discovered and cut out. She is now paying out again, and the signalling is perfect. Weather very fine." Naval and Military Intelligence. It is reported at Plymouth that about the first week in September that port will be visited by eight or ten French:ships of war, and an equal number of British ships of war will be assembled in the Sound to receive them. The report also speaks of the ar rival at the same time of some Austrian and Italian ships of war. • Commander Biddlecombe, master-attendant of Woolwich dockyard, went down to Greenhithe yes terday and superintended the laying down moorings for the Victoria and Albert, Royal yacht, Capt. the Prince of Leiningen, K.C.8., in preparation for the reception of the Queen, who is expected to embark for Germany about the 7th or Bth of next month. • Her Majesty's iron steam storeship Industry yes terday sailed from Woolwich, laden with provisions and naval stores for the fleet-in the South Atlantic and for Ascension and Rio Janeiro. The freight ships Hindostan, with a heavy cargo of stores from Hongkong, and the Architect, with returned war materials from Halifax, having dis charged at Woolwich arsenal, yesterday left Wool wich, having ken paid out of crvice. The hired transport Tyburnia embarked the fol lowing reinforcements from Government - quay, Gravesend, yesterday, for Bombay, to augment the cavalry and infantry regiments serving in that presi dency—viz., 50 non-commissioned officers and men, seven women, and ten children of the 3d Dragoon Guards, from the cavalry depot, Maidstone; one band master and wife from the 6th Enniskillen Dragoons, from Kneller-hall ; four men, five women, and five children of the 16th Queen's Lancers, from Colches ter; 88 non-commissioned officers and men, six women, and seven children of the Ist battalion of the 4th King's Own Regiment, and 82 non-commis sioned officers and men, and one master tailor of the 102 d Royal Madras Fusiliers, from Chatham ; 30 non-commissioned officers and men and one wo man of the Ist Battalion King's Royal Regiment, and one schoolmaster and wife, four men, six wo men, and 12 children of the 103 d Royal Bombay Fusiliers, from Colchester ; one lance corporal of the 2d battalion of the 10th Regt., from Midler hall ; and 59 non-commissioned officers and men of the 45th Regt., from Parkhurst—making a total of 322 non-commissioned officers and men, two staff sergts., 27 women, and 34 children, with two offi cers' wi7es. The following officers embarked for Bombay with the reinforcements :—Captains Has sell and Maxwell, Ist King's Royals; Capt. Roberts, Ist battalion, 4th King's Own ; Capt. Griffin, 45th Regt. ; Lieut. Mannock and Lieut. Roche, 3d Prince of Wales's Dragoon Guards ; Lieut. Cup page and Lieut. Blunt, 102 d Royal Madras Fusi liers ; Lieut. Pollard, 45th Regt. ; Ensign Irving, Ist battalion 4th King's Own ; Ensign Stanton, Ist battalion Ist Royals ; Ensign M'Cally, 102 d Royal Madras Fusiliers ; and Ensign Price, 103 d Royal Bombay Fusiliers ; the whole in medical charge of Assist.-Surgeon Sinclair. The troops prior to their embarkation were officially inspected on the general parade ground at Chatham garrison by Major-Gen. Sir R. Walpole, K.C.8., commanding the district, who also made a special survey of the Tyburnia on the day previously to the troops going on board. The embarkations were effected under the superin tendence of Brigade-Major Congreve and his staff, and were completed shortly before noon. The usual 24 hours will elapse before the sailing of the Ty burnia, and she will quit the Thames to-day. The Admiralty paddlewheel steam yacht Enchan tress, 250 horse power, Staff Commander Petly, arrived in Chatham harbour yesterday morning from Portsmouth to be in attendance on the Duke of Somerset and the other members of the Board of Admiralty, on the occasion of their annual visit of inspection of the dockyard and other naval estab lishments at Chatham. The A brigade Royal Horse Artillery, under orders for India, are expected to take their de parture from head-quarters, Woolwich, on the 7th of August, and will take shipping at Gravesend. Col. W. A. Middleton, C. 8., appointed Adjutant- General, has been ordered to take the command of the_ brigade, in succession to Col. the Hon. G. T. -u _ evereux. The h orses h ave b een t a k en up b y th e Idepot, and the C brigade Col A Huyshe, recently returned from Bengal. • * A. Orders have been received at Chatham garrison ' directing Lieut. J. C. Stratford, Ensian A. Evers, and 122 non-commissioned officers and men of the 2d Battalion of the 2d Queen's Royals, to be held in readiness to embark for Bermuda : and Lieut. T. 11. K. Fletcher, Lieut. C. K. Farquharson, and 61 non-commissioned officers and men of the Ist Battalion of the 15th Regiment, to- embark for New Brunswick, to join the service_ companies of that regiment. The naval cadets named below who have com pleted their instruction on board her Majesty's ship Britannia, Capt. R. A. Powell, C. 8., were on the 24th inst. found qualified for seagoing ships. First class certificates, with rating of midshipmen, and 12 months' sea time were allowed to the following : J. F. Bedford, Admiralty prize for study, 2d prize for seamanship, prize for proficiency in use of in struments, prize for progress in the theory of navi gation, and prize for pod conduct ; F, A. Brookes, 2d prize for study, 2d prize for progress in the theory of navigation, and prize for good conduct ; B. Chevallier, prize for study and good conduct; A. M. Corrie, 3d prize for study, prize for proficiency in observing, and prize exemplary conduct; R. W. Gore, yrize for good conduct; J. E. Goodrich, prize for good conduct; F. Hotham, prize for good con duct ; G. A. Grant, prize for good conduct ; A. Dove, (prize for study and good conduct ; C. F. Foley, 3d prize for seamanship and prize for good conduct; E. C. Hobkirk, prize for good conduct; F. A. Halloran (M.), 2d prize for drawing and prize for exemplary conduct ; C. H. Pretyman, prize for good conduct ; H. S. Fleet, prize for good conduct; A. Pocklington, prize for goof conduct. Second class certificates, with six months' sea time, were allowed to the following :—F. Younghusband, J. 11. Purches (M.), H. A. Ogle, A. Doorley (M.), I. Jago (M.), H. J. Edgar, F. F. Tupper, W. Wright, 11. C. Dawson, P. A. C. De Crespigny, prize for proficiency in observing, and prize for ex emplary conduct ; M. W. Gruggen, C. D. Poole, 2d prize for French; F. J. Lake (M.), A. Wood row, Admiralty priit for seamanship ; H. G. Giles, G. H. M'Arthur, P. W. Hutton (M), G. Joll (M.), prize for French ; C. Milne, E. A. Price, W. H. Hingtton, G. Trevor, A. Hammill, Admiralty prize for drawing; R. Y. Smith, C. Druitt, C. K. Bloxam (M.), A. R. Hood, W. S. Bignold, R. B. Ogle, J. A. Galloway, A. G. Cuthbert, prize for good conduct ; S. G. Bourke, G. P. Henderson, W. Buckner (M.), R. B. Fulford. The following obtained third class certificates G. Hilton (M.), E. W. Wild (M.), W. Maturin, H. Smiles, A. Channer, C. S. Nedham (M.), W. Thompson (M.), W. W. Rivett, C. A. Forlong, E. B. Robb, (M.). THE SUN, LONDOB, WEDNESDAY EVE COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL. Yesterday a meeting of the Common Council was held at Guildhall for the despatch of business, the Lord Mayor presiding. THE NEW BRIDGE AT BLACKFRIARS. Deputy BONE complained that only representatives of and not the whole Court of Common Council had been invited to take part in the recent ceremony of laying the foundation-stone of the new bridge about to be erected at Blackfriars. He gave notice of a motion to the effect that, being a remarkable event in the history of the city and corporation, it ought to have been made the occasion of a great public ceremonial, and that it be an instruction to the Bridge-house Committee that no steps be taken by them for celebrating the opening of the new bridge, when completed, without first consulting the Court of Common Council. The LORD MAYOR, having been appealed to, ex plained that the whole of the arrangements for the recent ceremonial were m& de by the Bridge House Estates Committee, and that he had the honour of taking part in the procession on their invitation. Mr. lIAWTREY, chairman of the Bridge-house Committee, stated that the arrangements were in conformity with the usages of the corporation on such occasions. COUNTY COURTS EQUITABLE JURISDICTIOg. The RE3IEMBRANCER (Mr. Corrie) reported that the bill for conferring on the County Courts a limited jurisdiction in equity had received the royal assent, and that it contained an important clause giving to the City Small Debts Court the same jurisdiction in all matters as was conferred by the act on a metropolitan county court. LOANS FOR PUBLIC IMPROVEMENT. The city seal was attached to a duplicate deed of covenant between the Corporation and the Bank of England for continuing a loan of £40,000, raised for the purposes of the Metropolitan Cattle-mar ket ; and to 288 bonds to the Chamberlain for securing various sums of money amounting to £200,000, raised under the powers of the Holborn valley Improvement Act, 1864. IMPROVED DWELLINGS FOR THE LABOURING CLASSES. Deputy Fur, chairman of the Improvement Com mittee, brought up a report from them on this sub ject. The report stated that the Common Council having on the 21st of April, 1861, accepted the ten der of Messrs. Browne and Robinson for the erec tion of dwellings for the labouring poor at a cost of X 37,043, the necessary contract was executed and t:le works had proceeded under the supervision of the architect and surveyor. The committee had approved a sufficient number of tenants to occupy the entire building, and, as each block was now completed, occupation was as far as possible given according to priority of application. At present the improved dwellings in Ray-stres4 and Crawford passage were with few exceptions completed and occupied, as were also two of the four blocks in Farringdon-street. When the buildings shall have been some time occupied, and the shops connected with them completed and let, it would be the duty of the committee to present a further report, in which the financial question would be specially treated, but iu the meantime they had the satisfac tion to state that in their opinion the buildings would be self-supporting. The report was ordered to be printed. CITY OF LONDON SCLIOOL. The LORD MAYOR, as chairman of the Managing Committee of the City of London School, presented a report from them, with a certificate of the Pro fessors of King's College and University College of the approved candidates for the office of headmaster of the school, which had become vacant by the re tirement of the Rev. Dr. Mortimer. The approved candidates were :—the Rev. Edwin Abbott Abbott, M.A., formerly Fellow of St. John's College, Cam bridge, late composition master in Birmingham Grammar School, now second mast& in Clifton College, near Bristol ; the Rev. Joseph Bickersteth Mayor, M.A., late Fellow and Tutor of St. John's College, Cambridge, head master of Kensington Proprietary Grammar School, and Mr. Francis Cuthbertson, M.A., late Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, second master of the City of London School. Before proceeding to the elec., tion, the Lord Mayor, in reply to Mr. Rudkin, stated in effect that the salary of the head master was to a certain extent dependent on the number of boys in the school, and that at present it was about £B5O a year. An amendment by Mr. Rudkin for reviewing the salary was negatived on a show of hands. While the court was sitting a letter was re ceived from the Rev. Mr. Mayor, one of the three candidates, by the Lord Mayor, andread to the meet ing by the Town Clerk. The rev. gentleman stated reasons which had induced him to withdraw from the contest, and he took occasion to recommend for election, of the two remaining candidates, the Rev. Mr. Abbott, from the high opinion he entertained of him. Mr. lIOPGOOD submitted that it was improper for a candidate, while himself resigning, to dictate to the Court whom they should elect. The LORD MAYOR said he thought so too. The election then proceeded, and after an inter val of an hour, the time appointed for the dura tion of the poll, the scrutineers (Mr. Lawley and Deputy Obbard) reported that the election to the office of Head Master had fallen on M r . Abbott by a majority of 96 votes in a court of 160 members. Mr. Abbott, the successful candidate, who is but 27 or 28 years of age, was educated at the City of London School, and went thence to the University of Cambridge with the Carpenter Scholarship and the David Salomons Scholarship. At the University lie was the Senior Classic of his year, and First Chancellor's Medallist, besides taking mathematical honours. - The LORD MAYOR said the duties which attached to the office of head master of that noble insti tution, the City of London School, would tax all the abilities of Mr. Abbott, but he was confi fient, from what he knew of him, that the Corpo ration would not be disappointed in the choice they had made. Mr. Abbott received his education at the school, and is bile there showed that he pos sessed three qualities in an eminent degree--high moral character, sub m i ss i on to author i ty, and great diligence in his scholastic studies. Ile then passed with great credit to the University of Cambridge, where he had a brilliant career, having been first in Classics and Senior Chancellor's Medallist, the two highest classical honours which that University had to bestow. It was also remarkable. that Mr. Aldis, who went with Mr. Abbott from the City of Lon don School to the University of Cambridge, became Senior Wrangler and Smith's Frizeman in the same year, a circumstance, he believed, without precedent in the history of any public school. (Cheers.) He bore testimony to the satisfactory manner in which the unsuccessful candidate, Mr. Cuthbertson, had discharged his duties as mathematical- master, adding that the school was now full to overflowing, and that there were 250 waiting for admission. Mr. ABBOTT expressed his acknowledgments in a brief speech. There was a motion on the paper for granting a retiring pension of £5OO a year to the Rev. Dr. Mortimer, but the Court did not reach it. CORPORATION IMPROVEMENTS. Mr. LAW LEY, chairman of the Coal, Corn, and Finance Committee, presented reports from them, recommendin g that the sum of £15,348 for works in the Guildhall be provided out of the city's cash ; also £1,870 for paving the Guildhall, and the su m of £6,850 for the purchase of Nos. 74 and 75, Basing hall-street ; and recommending a grant of £26 ss. to the Ist London Artillery Brigade. The reports were adopted, and the court adjourned. Charge of Attempted Poisoning by a Surgeon• ASHBURTON, Tuesday. This morning Charles Gordon Sprague, a medical prac titioner in this town, was brought up on remand, before the magistrates sitting in petty sessions at the London Inn, charged under the 24th and 2 5th Vict., cap. 100, sec. 11, murder James Ch a lk er , o f Ashbur ton, with to kill andand withintent feloniouslywilfully administering certain poison, ton, ironmonger ; Sarah Chalker, his wife ; Sarah, the wife of the said Chas. Gordon Sprague ; and Mary Jane Pigeon," a servant. The magistrates present were Messrs. J. S. Amery and 11. B. T. Wrey. Mr. Tucker, of the firm of Tucker and Sons, solicitors, of Ashburton, appeared for the prosecution ; Mr. Carter, solicitor, of Torquay, defended the prisoner, who was brought up in charge of Mr. James _Cleland Moore, super intendent ; and Sergeant Coles, of the county con stabulary. He is a young man of about 24 years of age, and seemed thoroughly self-possessed throughout the exa mination. Great excitement prevailed in the town, and the magis trates' room was densely crowded. Mr. Caunter, the clerk to the magistrates, read over the evidence taken on the previous examination, but as it has not been published, we give the entire evidence. Mary Ann Pidgeon said—l hve at Ashburton, and am in service at Mr. Chalker's. I have been living there three months and a fortnight on Sunday. The members of the family are Mr. and Mrs. Chalker, Mr. and Mrs. Sprague, and myself. On Sunday morning last Mr. Sprague left Ashburton by the omnibus. Ido not know when he re turned. There was a pie made on Saturday for Sunday's dinner; there was a crust on the top. The pie consisted of a rabbit and some beef. The flour was kept in a small bar rel on the table in the kitchen, and is open to all. Mr. Sprague hashissurgery upstairs, where he keeps hisdrugs. Mr. Sprague was at home last Sunday. Wo dined off the *pie on Sunday about half-past 1. We all ate of the pie. I felt ill after eating the pie. About 2 o'clock I felt sick and vomited. I became worse. Mrs. Sprague became ill about the same time. She came into the kitchen and told me so. Mrs. Sprague sent me to Mr. Bock's, the chemist, for two seidlitz powders —one for myself and one for her. Both powders were taken by us—one by Mrs. Sprague, I mean, and one by myself. I got worse. I went for Dr. Gervis to attend Mrs. Sprague. That was about 4 o'clock. Ho came and saw her. Mrs. Chalker gave me some mustard and water, and I vomited a little. I got worse by the evening. I cannot recollect what took place after 4 o'clock. Ido not recollect being taken home. Dr. Crispin attended me. 1 have been bed ever since, and got up to-day for the first time. I cannot recollect whether I walked home or not. I ate part of the rabbit and some crust, and tasted the beef. I did not like the beef. I could not see anything to distinguish it at first. I could see well on Saturday. By the prisoner —Mrs. Chalker made the pie on Satur day. I did not see it made. It was about half-an-hour after I ate of the pie that I felt the symptoms come on. I did not vomit until about 4 o'clock. I have been subject to sick headache before, but it does not come on after dinner. On going home my legs kept giving way under me. I don't remember anything after I got home. I had not any diar rhoea. I don't know what became of the remainder of the flour. I did not find the rabbit sour. I have had no rash or breaking out about the skin. Re-examined—My feelings were very different from the sick headaches I have had before. My legs gave way un der me. I never felt before like I felt then. W. S. Gervis, surgeon, said—On Sunday last I met the last witness as I was coming out of church. She said, "Please come over and see Mrs. Sprague directly—she is very unwell." I went a few minutes after, and saw Mrs. Sprague. She said she had been vomiting a great deal, and pointe - .1 to the wash-hand basin, saying that was the result. I found she had an eruption about her face, like nettle-rash, and remarked she had been taking something that did not agree with her. She said she had eaten rabbit pre, and it must be that. I went home, and shortly after the last witness came to my house for medicine, which I gave nor. She called half an hour after, and asked for the lancet fur Mr. Sprague. I was surprised, and said, " What do you mean ? Mr. Sprague is at Dartmouth." She replied, " Oh, I forgot ; you must come down and sm Mrs Chalker, she is taken ill." I found Mrs. Chalker in the drawing-room, her face swollen, her eyes prominent, and Mr. Chalker supporting her. She was incoherent in her speech. I ordered her to go to bed, and it was difficult to get her there. I think she was not able to stand. We put her to bed by main force, and I helped. Mr. Chalker then appeared quite well. That was about six, or a quarter before. Mrs. Chalker was in that critical state that I re mained until two in the morning. Mr. Chalker was taken ill about half-past seven in the same manner as the others. After 1 gave him an emetic he walked into the garden. As he returned I saw him in the court-yard, and advised him to go upstairs. He fell down at the bottom of the stairs, and appeared paralysed and lost the use of his legs. He appeared to be unconscious. I took him by the collar, and dragged him upstairs into the drawing- ' room. I attempted to place him on the sofa and he turned his head and became very sick. He was perfectly helpless. 1 got assistance and carried him to bed. I con tinued my attendance till the morning. I gave Mrs Chalker emetics. She remained in a state of stupor for two hours. I have taken possession of the vomit of Mrs. Sprague, and a portion of Mrs. Chalker's vomit. I have 'the remains of the pie in my possession. I consider, from the symptoms, that they were all suffering from some narcotic poison. They had all dilated pupils, and were suffering from delirium, in coherence of speech, and inability to walk. They suffered more than from inability to walk; it was as if their limbs were paralysed. Mr. Chalker after that became more rest less and the delirium more active, and it was with great difficulty I kept him in bed. Mrs. Chalker, on the con trary, was still all the time. Mrs. Sprague also appeared to be delirious and in an intermittent state. Sho became sensible at times. If the meat had been putrid it might have produced rash, but not the active head symptoms and delirium. Cross-examined by the prisoner —Flaccidity of the limbs was produced by the action of the emetic. In Mr Chalker's case it was about half an hour after the emetic was taken, and six or seven minutes before the emetic took effect. In Mrs. Chalker's case I attempted to apply the stomach pump, but in consequence of the swollen state of the neck I could not do so. All the pupils were dilated. The putrescent state of the meat wauld not have produced all the symptoms. Re-examined--Mrs. Chalker was the most ill. She was certainly in great danger for a couple of hours. I have smelt the meat in the pie, and it does not appear to be in a putrid state. I have kept it locked,up ever since I have had it. Mr. W. Crispin, surgeon, who was called in to attend the servant, oonfirmea the evidence of the previous witness as to the poisonous symptoms ; so did Mr. Bean, another surgeon. Police-constable Coles having given evidence, Mary Jane Pidjeon recalled and examined by Mr. Tubker —Tho omnibus leaves Ashburton at nine in the morning, before the pie was made. The meat and rabbit were kept in the safe outside the kitchen door. There is a key to the safe, and it remains in the lock. All the family had access to the safe. Cross-examined by Mr. Carter—We had roast beef on the Tuesday, and some of it cold. I did not eat much as I did not think it was good. I saw the rabbit at our house on Tuesday, and it was dead. I do not know when the skin was taken off. The pie was baked on the Saturday morning, and put into a little cupboard at the foot of the stairs. Ido not know that there was anything in the safe that week. I took the pie out of the oven, but Mrs. Chalker put it there. On the Saturday the surgery door was unlocked, but Mr. Sprague went away before the pie was made. I was upstairs making the beds when the pie was made, and it was put into the oven before I came down. Mr. Sprague had sent me out to toll the omnibus man to call for his carpet bag; 1 did so. I heard Mrs. Sprague and Mrs. Chalker talking about his going to Dartmouth, but I do not know why ho did not go. The front door is open, and the house accessible to any one from the outside. There is nothing to prevent any one coming into the house. tit _ . Re-examined by Mr. Tucker—l put nothing in the pie or the flour. I did nothing to tho meat. If any one came into the house and went up to the surgery the inmates would hear. By the Bench—Two rabbits were brought in on the Tues day. The pepper and salt were kept in the kitchen. Harriet French examined by Mr. Tucker.--I lived in the service of Mr. and Mrs. Chalker. Mr. and Mrs. Sprague cam there to live. Shortly after ho came he said to me, " I wouldn't care if they were all poisoned. If I were to poison them I shouldn't be took up nor hung, because I have been in an asylum before." He was in a passion when he said it. (The prisoner smiled incredulously when this evidence was given, and there was some sensation in the court.) Just before I left there was a quarrel between them all—Mrs. Chalker, Mr. Sprague, and Mrs. Sprague. Mr. Sprague was not in his right mind. He was quite wild. I poured away some water from the kettle at the time of the Oar rel, for fear Mr•. Sprague had put something in it. Cross-examined by Mr. Carter—l left in April; I cannot ING, JULY 26, 1865. tell how many months it was before I /eft that I poured the water away. I gave notice and went away because I did not like the place. My mistress did not accuse me of telling lies. The quarrel was because Mr. Chalker would not let Mrs. Sprague go out to walk with Mr. Sprague when he was going to see a patient. He was in a great passion. I first told Coles, the police-sergeant, of it. Mrs. Sarah Cosens Chalker, examined by Mr. Tucker—l made a pie on the Saturday that Mr. Sprague went , away, It was made of beef and one rabbit. I did not put any noxious ingredient in that pie. The prisoner married my daughter. Cross-examined by Mr. Carter—The girl French who lived with me told lies. Her word is not to be taken in anything. The beef was bought the Saturday before, but I don't know when thb rabbit was bought. lam not pro secuting Mr. Sprague on this charge. Re-examined by Mr. Tucker—Harriet French lived with me as servant five years. James Chalker, examined by Mr. Tucker—l ate of a pie on Sunday week. Mrs. Chalker and Mrs. Sprague ate of it. We had no other meat. The pie was made on Saturday. I put nothing noxious in it. Mrs. Sprague and Mrs. Chalker were ill when I came home. I was not taken ill until I took an emetic. Mr. Jervis looked at me and said my eyes wore queer, and I should be better for medicine. Cross-examined by Mr. Tucker—Before the doctor came I found something like liquorice running from my mouth. I was very ill after taking the emetic, and fell down. Mr. Jervis took me upstairs, and people came in who used me very roughly. Mr. Jervis, recalled—l put the pie in an empty room in my house. I found some drugs at Mr. Sprague's surgery. There was atropine there in an envelope. Atropine is a narcotic poison, and would produce the symptoms under which Mrs. Sprague and Mrs. Chalker suffered. I kept the vomitings, which I sent to Mr. Herapath, at Bristol. I also sent the remains of the pie, and some flour which had been given to me by Sergeant Coles. Cross-examined by Mr. Carter—l have never seen any one under the influence of atropine, but the symptoms wore those of belladonna. The eating of putrid meat produces similar symptoms to irritant poison, but in the cases of Mrs. Chalker and Mrs. Sprague the symptoms were those of nar cotic poisons. There was no purging. (The witness was closely examined by the solicitor on Dr. Taylor's book, as to the effect of putrid meat on the stomach, but the witness held to his opinion that the symptoms were not relatively the same.) Atropine is a deadly poison, and a small dose would kill an adult. Atropine is extracted from deadly nightshade. I do not know for certain whether that would produce a rash. It is a matter of opinion whether a medical man would give such a poison to destroy life secretly. There are many far more subtle poisons, but none more subtle in effect in a small dose. Re-examined by Mr. Carter—l examined the pie. The meat was not putrid. I smelt it and handled it. Mrs. Sprague called my attention to the state in which Mr. Chalker was, and asked me to give him some medicine before he got as bad as the rest. Sergeant Coles recalled—l think I first saw the remains of the pie on the Monday. It was not then putrid. Mr. Alfred Evans, of the firm of Evans and Co., -whole sale chemists and druggists, 97 and 98, Fore-street, Exeter, proved that on June 2d the firm supplied 10 grains of atropine and 10 grains of aconitine. They are deadly poisons. Other drugs were sent. Cross-examined by Mr. Carter—Such drugs were fre quently sent to surgeons, but witness did not think they were in common use. Witness did not know the taste of aconitine, and had no wish to ascertain. (Great laughter,) The two drugs mentioned are equally deadly poisons. William Herapath, sen., F.C.S., J.P., said—l am a pro fessor of chemistry, and reside at Old Park, Bristol. I re ceived on Wednesday a box containing the scrapings of a pie dish, the fore-leg of a rabbit, a small piece of rabbit, and a piece of beef. There was not any of the paste of the pie. I opened the box on Thursday morning. The meat was not putrid then. It was not putrid when I left home this morning. There was a jar with vomit and also some flour. I have carefully analysed the vomit and the meat, and the experiments I made convince me that atropia had been introduced into the interior of that pie. lam morally convinced it was also in the vomit, but I cannot legally prove it. (The learned professor at great length explained the tests he used.) 1 found nothing in:the flour. Atropia is a cerebral spinal poison. It affects the senses and the muscles, and also the brain. All the symptoms described by the medical men are such as might bo produced by atropia. Mr. Robert Corde Tucker, solicitor, produced the mar riage settlement, which gave Mr. Sprague a life interest in certain property if he survived his wife, his father-in-law, and mother-in,-law. The case had not concluded when our parcel left. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. ---~ TlMES.—There have been occasions not very remote when a Cabinet would meet after a general election, with a certain relief, indeed, from the mere cessation of effort, but much as the survivors of a wreck or a battle, with starvation or surrender staring them in the face. The barren rock is better than the surge, and the temporary protection of a small earthwork is better than being chased by cavalry or swept by cannon in the open plain. But the first thing the survivors do is to count the days or the hours. The present occasion is not at all of that character. The Cabinet meet after a great battle, it is true, but to celebrate a glorious victory, and to tremble for the very magnitude of their advantage. It is a very rare thing for an election tint really has not heard a single party cry, and that depends not on either a man or a measure, to produce a gain of 24 seats, equivalent to 48 votes on a division. Such a result is a glorious victory, obtained on a .fair field, and with no favour. But when people talk of a great victory, or a great deliverance, they are thinking of the whole, and forget for the moment that the victory and the deli verance are confined to the survivors. To the fallen it is much the same as defeat and destruction ; and even the survivors, if they have hearts, must think of those who should have shared the joy. The nature must indeed be apathetic or hardened that can put them out of account, and forget that they are not here to-day. The Cabinet met on Monday, and no doubt would be full of congratulations, but even the Premier's own share in the contest has not been uncheckered. He has had to fight for his seat—he would like it the better for that—but he has seen his colleague fall by his side, and a Hector will enter the house displaying the trophies of a Patroclus. This is not pleasant, though many will be comforted to hear that even Lord Palmerston could not save a fellow-candidate from being beaten by a majority of three. Mr Gladstone has fared worse, yet better, for, if he has witnessed the loss of a seat, he has seen it made up. Discrowned and disrobed of his academic encumbrances, he has gone into the ranks of industry, and retrieved his disaster. But there yet are those who will think that a glory has departed, and that the Gladstone of to-day is not he of yesterday. We must submit as well as we can. Such is the lesson of election life. But where is Sir Charles Wood ? He enters the Cabi net a member for a nomination borough. For an entire generation he has represented Halifax. He had his part in the great struggle that gave it poli tical existence, and it rewarded him with its confi dence from that day to this. But either a genera tion arose that knew not Sir Charles Wood, or the people of Halifax were wearied with the praises of Aristides the Just. So it was, they gave him his discharge, and the Ruler of All the Indies has fled to Ripon. The fate of Peel has fallen on his family as well as on his great lieutenant and successor. Frederick Peel is an outcast. His constituents have not changed their opinions, but they like some body else better. A few names, great or small, have disappeared in the waste that would leave a pang in the breasts of the most successful survivors. There must in some quarters be searchiugs of hearts after the little innocent sacrificed at Leeds. He remains, however as he was, except that he may, if he pleases wipe his hands of that cons tit uenc y. Lo r d Alf r e c i Paget has succumbed to fate, and a Conservative reigns in hls stead. Lord Shaftesbury and Lord Russell have a common sorrow, except that Lord Ashley had a seat, and has lost it. An old associa tion is broken in the defeat of a Berkeley, and the substitution of a Conservative at Cheltenham. The familiar name of Ewart will not be so often in the debates; a Conservative replaces the member for Liverpool. Going wider about and scanning the horizon, Norfolk has purged itself of all taint of progress ; a Thorold has replaced a Tollemache at Grantham ; we shall no more hear Lindsay from Sunderland ; and the ducal house of Churchhill has found a more subservient representative than Lord Alfred. Some other changes have a curious interest. A whole bevy of critics and volunteer advisers have been dismissed to write pamphlets, or preside at provincial meetings.. The Admiralty promises itself a long spell of fair weather, for now that Sir James Elphinstone and Sir John Hay are gone Lord Cla rence Paget, that outspoken British sailor, will have all the talking to himself. We have lost the vigi lance of Mr. Seymour Fitgerald ; Mr. Pope Hen nessy's efforts to combine Conservative principles with Roman Catholic dogmas have utterly failed, and he is without a seat. In Cambridgeshire we have now an independent Liberal, instead A one between two tame elephants of the other political school. More than one department will have longer rope than it ever hoped for through the-decision of the Berkshire electors. One thing seems certain, if we can form any conclusion from purely negative considerations. This Parliament will be disposed to give our institutions a fair trial. Our political philosophers will have all the tranquillity they can desire for the reception of their most recondite ideas. They ought, by appearances, to find Parliament ready to hear what they have to say. Appearances, however, proverbially deceive ; and it may turn out that the absence of one batch of critics will only bring out another, perhaps not quite so civil as the old. Now that the election is over, the dead buried out of sight, and the victims in the several combats sobered down to a reasonable tone, perhaps it may be admitted that it is, on the whole, a moral as well as a numerical victory. What charge has been esta blished, or even seriously made ? There has been the usual play of tactics, and a good deal of clever ness has been shown, as well as audacity. But they have been shown rather in keeping out of poli tics altogether than in opening new controversies. All voices are agreed in the praises of the Premier, many with a continual innuendo that he would have done better for our foreign policy had he had his own way; and that it is a pity he cannot live for ever. Well, it is hard on a Cabinet if it may not share the credit so freely accorded to its chief. No doubt the choice of the chief is a very serious affair, but the occasion has not yet come, and need not have been alluded to from the British hustings. A time will come indeed; but who shall say how we shall then find ourselves, in what new circumstances, or with what new names uppermost in public affairs? So as the nation be governed well from year to year, that is enough, so far as regards our choice of men. A hand-to-mouth policy, like a yearly tenancy, may be a very good or a very bad thing. If there be one thing more than another that now rises to the rank of political axiom, it is that every man who aspires to assist in the government of a free country must be content to assist it in governing itself. It is no longer in the power of any one man to force his mind, his theories, and his forecasts on a whole people. That people governs itself neither by the dictation of one man, nor predominance of one class, but by the simultaneous and harmonious growth of all its classes, interests, and forces. The people will naturally select for its rulers the statesman who will submit to aid in this natural development; but any statesman with a head and a heart is sure to fall into this movement sooner or later. We are not, then, under any great anxiety about dan gerous men, or dangerous measures, believing that there is always that in the country which will chastise them, keep them in order, and• reduce them to safe proportions. But for the present, in our own humble way, from one year to another, we certainly think it will be vastly better to go with the system that at once answers its purpose and asserts its independence ; which is neither lagging in the rear of progress nor pushing into some unknown country whereof we have no certain knowledge. HERALD.—It is just a year since Denmark pur chased peace by the surrender of Schleswig Holstein and Lauenburg to Austria and Prussia, to dispose of as might seem good to those powers. The trium phant Germans in the Duchies and throughout the Fatherland had little doubt what the disposition would be, little fear that it would be long delayed. The two Powers had proposed the installation of the Prince of Augustenburg as Sovereign of Schleswig and Holstein in the Conferences of London, and it was taken for granted that a proposal made to pre vent the resumption of the war and the participation in it of England and France would be adhered to after the war had been resumed and an entirely new set of circumstances had arisen. Lauenburg, it was generally assumed, would fall into the hands of Prussia. But the preliminaries signed at Vienna gave the Duchies absolutely to Austria and Prussia, they created no trust the execution of which either Den mark, Germany, or the Western Powers could de mand; and the refusal of those Powers to undertake the cause of Denmark had satisfied Prussia and Austria that they would not interfere in the appro priation of the spoil, except by employing, for mere form's sake, protestations. The Prussian Govern ment did not, however, throw overboard the Prince of Augustenburg ; it still professed itself willing to transfer its rights to him ; but it made the transfer conditional upon concessions which it could not have asked if he had been placed upon the throne by a European agreement. It required the cession of the harbour of Kiel as a station for the Prussian navy ; of the territory at the mouths of the projected canal for the site of fortresses to be garrisoned by Prussian troops ; and, finally, it insisted that the inhabitants of the Duchies should be called upon for service in the army and navy in the same manner as Prussian subjects, and that they should be incorporated in the Prussian army and navy. Upon these conditions Prussia would have been willing to at once recognise the Prince of Augustenburg, and she would even have consented to modify them in several important respects. But the hereditary Prince lost his head as soon as the two Powers proposed his elevation to the throne at the Conferences. He considered his sovereignty secured, and he was unwilling to lose one jot of his independence. He knew that, thanks to the skilful management of his partisans, who, with the concur rence of the Federal commissioners, had seized the administration of the Duchies, he could always show an apparent national feeling in his favour ; he knew too that he would have every assistance that the States of Southern Germany could give him, and that Austria, which formerly treated his title with disdain, would do everything in her power to esta blish him as an independent sovereign in order to defeat the designs of Prussia. Trusting to these broken reeds the pretender assumed an independent, and even provocative attitude towards Prussia, and, as the memorandum of a conversation with him which llerr Von Bismarck has recently published shows, was at once so indiscreet and absurd as to say that the Duchies owed nothing to Prussia, and could have liberated themselves without her aid. Austria, too, has rejected decisively the terms pro posed by Prussia, and the result is that the Prince of Augustenburg as Sovereign of the Duchies has not only been indefinitely postponed by his action and that of his friends—whereas if they had shown themselves at all disposed to treat with Prussia, he might have been enthroned months ago—but the chance that he ever will be Sovereign of the Duchies is becoming a very small one. Ile and Austria will yield Prussia nothing, and Prussia will, in all probability, settle the dispute by taking all. At present the question seems to be much farther from solution than it looked twelve months ago, and the selfish world, which congra tulated itself after the manner of the majority of the English House of Commons that peace was secured, although Denmark was ignobly sacrificed, will be punished for its selfishness and cowardice by a long period of uneasiness, if not by the out break of a far more serious war. Austria has re jected the conditions demanded by Prussia, and thus the whole question of the succession has been brought apparently to a dead lock. But Austria has agreed with Prussia to call the old Estates of the two Duchies together to prepare an electoral law, by which a general Diet of the Duchies is to be elected to take into consideration, not the one question the decision of which is important, but the financial condition of the Duchies. It is doubtful, however, whether this Assembly, this Diet ad hoc, which, although illegally so incompetent to settle anything, might be used by Prussia, if it showed a suitable spirit, to arrange the whole question, will ever meet. There are elections necessary, in the first place, to supply the places of several members of the old Estates who had resigned. Now, the Grand Duke of Oldenburg, as a claimant to the throne of the Duchies, protests against the Prince of Augustenburg being allowed to remain in Hol stein, to exercise by himself and through the Schleswig-Holstein Government, which is com posed of his devoted adherents, an influence upon the elections and upon the proceedings of the Estates. The Prussian Government is equally anxious for the removal of the Prince from the Duchies ; but Austria resolutely sustains him there, and sustains, too, the Schleswig-Holstein Govern ment in its opposition to Prussia, and in that iniqui tous treatment of the Danish inhabitants of Schles wig which Prussia, no matter from what motives, is endeavouring to remedy. Moreover, Austria, not content wish resisting these efforts of Prussia, demands herself that the Prussian army of occu pation should be reduced, and that the chief com mand of the allied forces should be alternately held by an Austrian general. These different pretensions have led to a very sharp diplomatic correspondence, and the two courts are upon such very unfriendly terms that the most alarming rumours have found ready acceptance. The Prussian Government is credited with a resolution which would at once bring the question to an issue. It has the over whelming force in the Duchies, and it is deter mined, so it is said, to drive the Prince of Augustenburg from the Duchies, whether Austria wills it or not. Such a course would place the Austrian Government in a most serious dilemma. It must acquiesce in an act which practically amounts to a denial of its co-ownership of the Duchies, and the assumption by Prussia of absolute and exclusive authority over them, or it must make the act a casus bali—it would certainly be a very sufficient one—and fight to maintain its title to half a territory which it does not propose under the most favourable circumstances to retain for itself. Such a struggle on the part of Austria would ) be vain. She is not in a position to contend against 1 russia ; her finances are in the most embarrassed condition, and her army, large as it is, is not at her disposi tion. She would turn in vain to the minor states for help, and if Prussia were bold enough to chal lenge her in this A ay, she must, unless she could obtain the aid of France, let the glove lay still. The Prussian Government may not have formed any such resolution ; the despatch of artillery to e Silesian frontier may be of a most peaceful pro ceeding, merely the execution of a general scheme of rearming the fortresses long since decided upon ; but it is quite certain, from the language of official newspapers, that the two Courts are upon very bad terms. Prussia is irritated by the opposition of Austria on the Schleswig-Holstein question, and Austria is alarmed and angered by the efforts of Prussia to affect a treaty of commerce between the Zollverein and Italy, and consequently to bring about the recognition of the Italian kingdom by those Zollverein States whieji have hitherto refused it. There would be no danger in this latter dispute if it stood alone, but, with the many points of con tact which the Schleswig-Holstein question gives, it is very possible that the two Governments will come into sharp collision, and that Austria, obey ing the promptings of anger more than the warnings of reason, may give Prussia the opportunity of driving her into a corner out of which she can only escape by a disgraceful surrender, or by embarking in a war from which she can gain nothing although staking all• HEALTH OF LONDON. (From the Registrar-General's Weekly Report.) In the week that ended on Saturday, July 22, the births registered in London and 10 other large towns of the United Kingdom were 3,948 ; the deaths registered, 3,013. The annual rate of mortality was 28 per 1,000 persons living. In London the births of 1,033 boys and 920 girls—in all 1,953 children—were registered in the week. In the cor responding weeks of 10 years 1855-64 the average number, corrected for increase of population, was 1,861. The deaths registered in London during the week were 1,467. It was the 29th week of the year, and the average number was, with a correction for increase of population, 1,308. The present return is in excess of the estimated number by 159. Two hundred and eighty deaths were caused by diarrhoea, of which 257 occurred to children under two years of ago, a very large proportion of whom were infants who had not completed their first year. There were also 18 deaths from cholera and choleraic diarrhoea. The average number of deaths from diarrhoea in the corresponding weeks of 10 years (with a correction for population) was 157. But in the corresponding weeks of 1857 and 1859, when the mean weekly temperature of the air was about 69 deg., the deaths from diarrhoea, were respectively 259 and 415. The mean temperature of last week was 63.6 dog. Twenty-two of the 280 deaths from diarrhoea occurred in Marylebono, 16 in Pancras, 18 in Islington, 11 in Mile end Old-town, 8 in the sub-district of St. Peter, Walworth, 23 in Lambeth. Seven deaths referred to cholera occurred at the age of 20 years and upwards. On the 15th inst., at 6, Marsh-lane, Greenwich, a garden labourer, aged 44 years, cholera. On the 19th inst., at 34, Prebend-street, lilington, a man, aged 77 years, cholera (7 days). On the 17th inst., at 4, Hayes-place, West Hackney, a brushmaker, aged 78, cholera (5 days) ; preliminary diarrhcea. On the Bth inst., in the Workhouse, a labourer, aged 67, Asiatic cholera. On the 18th inst., at 9, Calvert's-cottages, Pancras, a glass coachman (livery stables), aged 40, choleraic diarrhcea days).. On the 18th inst., at Wellington-street, Bethnal green, a fish salesman, aged 27, cholera (30 hours). On the 19th inst., at 15, Cavendish-grove, Wandsworth-road, the widow of an army captain, aged 78, English cholera, col lapse. Six fatal accidents by carriages were registered in the week. The following aro the particulars :—At Queen Eliza beth-street, Southwark, on the 20th inst., a son of a ware houseman, aged one year, trod on by a horse. In White chapel, on the 20th inst., a stoker, aged 66, run over by an omnibus. In Whitechapel, on the 18th inst., a hawker, aged 65, run over by a cab. In the Strand, on the 6th inst., a coachsmith, aged 69, by overturning of a van. At Isling ton, on the 16th inst., wife of a cabman, aged 30, by up setting of a cab. At Islington, on the 10th inst., a carman, aged 65, injury by a cart-wheel. The rate of mortality last week was 25 per 1,000 in Lon don, 26 in Edinburgh, and 21 in Dublin ; 39 in Liverpool, 32 in Manchester, 30 in Salford, 23 in Birmingham, 36 in Leeds, 23 in Bristol, 25 in Hull, and 33 in Glasgow. In Liverpool the births were 343, tho deaths 356 ; in Manchester the births 270, the deaths 221; in Salford the births 101, the deaths 64 ; in Birmingham the births 240, the deaths 142 ; in Leeds the births 182, the deaths 156 ; in Bristol the births 124, the deaths 71 ; in Hull the births 69, the deaths 49 ; in Edinburgh the births 125, the deaths 88 ; Glasgow the births 371, the deaths 270 ; and in Dublin the births 170, the deaths 129. At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean h e ight of the barometer in the week was 20.706 in. The reading rose to 29.89 in. on Sunday, and fell to 29.57 in. on Satur day. The mean temperature of the air in the week was 63.6 deg., which is 1.8 deg. above the average of the same week in 50 years (as determined by Mr. Glaigher). The mean daily range of the thermometer was 17.8 deg. The mean degree of humidity of the air was 74 deg., complete saturation being represented by 100. The general direc tion of the wind was south-west ; on Saturday it was north-east and south-east. Rain fell to the amount of 0.35 in. There were heavy showers accompanied by thunder and lightning on Monday. COUNTRY MARKETS LIVERPOOL—T UESDAY. At this day's market there was a fair attendance of the town and country trade, but the business done was limited. and generally of a retail character. Wheat may be quoted 3d per 100 lb. lower on the week. Flour neglected, and the turn 'lower. Oats and oatmeal both rather dearer. In barley, beans, and peas there was no material change in value, but sale slow. Indian corn advanced is per qr. On the week. LEEDS-TUESDAY. The arrivals continue small. The transactions in wheat to-day aro of a most restricted character, without. any ma terial change in value from Tuesday last. No alteration in oats and beans. The average prices for the week ending July 24 were : Wheat, 42s sid per qr. ; barley, 30s Od ; and oats, 25s Od. MONMOUTHSHIRE—MoNDAr. The local markets have been well attended this week, and a good business transacted. Wheat gave way a b o ut ld per bushel since last week. The demand for barley has been of the'most retail character, but in favour of buyers. Few transactions in oats, but prices firm. The following are the average quotations :—Wheat, 4s 10d to 5s 4d per bushel ; barley, as ld to 3s id ; oats, 1 3 lld to 2s 6d. SHEFFIELD-TUESDAY. The supply of wheat and other grain was small, and business ruled exceedingly dull. Wheat sold at a reduc tion of is per qr., but the quantity sold was smaller than at almost any market during the year. Oats, beans, and other grain made late rates, but very little sold. Red wheat, per load Of 3 imp. bushels...AU Od to 16s oil White do do ....Ifs Od 388 Od New red do do ....15s Od )6s 6ti New white do do .... 7s Od 398 Od Beans do do ....15s 6d 176 Od Peas, per qr . 4os Od 42s chi Grinding ba• ley, per qr 30s Od 32s od Malting barley, no 32s Od Ms Od Oats, do "4s Od) 283 Od Flour...As 5d to is id per 111 b. NORTIIAMP TON-JuLy 22. Now white wheat, 40s to 45s ; new red, 39s to 42s ; old white, 39s to 445; old red, 38s to 41s per 36 stone. Barley for malting, 31s to 33s per qr. ; grinding, 26s to 31s per 3 0 stone„ Oats, old, 25s to 26s ; new, 18s to 24s per 24 stone. Bean§, old, 86s to 40s ; new, 35s to 38s per 38 stone. Peas, 33s to 385 per 36 stone. KIRKCALDY._JULY 22. Fair supply of wheat, small of barley and oats. Baled made at the prices of this day week. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First , 38a Od 1 27a 6d I 228 6d eecond.... 3os 6d 23a 6d 24s Oct Taird . 4ls Od —s Od 258 Od DEATII FROM INJURIES AT CRICKET.—On Mon day evening a youth, named Barker, 19 years of age, employed in a cotton-broker's office in Liverpool, - MO playing cricket at New Brighton, near Liverpool, when 1 10 was struck on the temple by the ball, and died shortly afterw,rds from the effects of the blow. LADTERTISEMENT.I—HoIIoway's pills are the most gentle yet most effective aperients, and therefore better calculated for a family medicine than any other drug. They always set the stomach right, rouse the liver, stimulate the kid neys, and thoroughly cleanse the whole system. Hollo way's pills are most useful in chronic weakness of the stomach, induced by luxurious living, sedentary habits, or other causes. They have restored the emaciated to health after every other means had failed. While they are purify ing they are strengthening; while regulating they are in ci easing nervous and muscular power. These pills do not excite any violent action in the body, hence they are spe cially suited to the young and feeble, whose constitutions may be irretrievably injured by more powerful medicines. Births. Arrizz.—On the 25th inst., at Rose-hill, Dorking, the wife of John Attlee, of a daughter. BYRON.—On the 21st inst., the Hon. Mrs. Augustus Byron, prematurely, of a daughter, stillborn. EDMONSTONE.—On the 23d inst., at Carbeal, Torpoint► Devonport, the wife of Captain Edmonstone, R.N., C.B', of a sou. Marriages DrAcnoxALD—NEVINSON.—On the 21st inst. at St. Mal Abbott's, Kensington, J. D. Macdonald, Esq., late CaPt" 89th Regt., to Julianallovinson, relict of C.D. Nevinscot Esq., M.D., and second daughter of tho late Sir Thomas Barrett Lennard, Bart. Sriturr—Arrocx.—On the 24th inst., at West gal" John Strutt, Esq., of Hill Farm, Layham, Suffolk, t? Elizabeth, second daughter of George Attock, ESql 01 Loytonstone-road, Stratford, Essex. Deaths. ---- CHAPMAS.—On the 24th inst., at Putney, the Rev. Josoph Chapman, M.A., aged 40. FRASER.—On the 25th inst., at Croydon, Simon Richard Fraser, Esq., aged 84. GRAY.—On the 24th inst., at Camberwell, Mr. Geo Crook Gray, aged 45. LLOYD.—On the 4th ult., at Darjeeling, Lieut.-General G. W. A. Lloyd, C.B. MILLER.—On the 24th inst., at 146, Kentish-town-road; George Miller, Esq., aged 70. Moss.—On the 19th_inst, at 30, Great Comm-street, John Moss, Esq, aged 78. SLOW.—On the 21st inst., at Bletchley, Mr. Edward Slott late of Lloyd's, aged 69. RIPLEY.—On the 23d inst., at 11, Somers-place, Hyde-par l4 Edward Ripley, Esq., aged '2B. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDB ' —, ,or 2. 0/ No. 112, Strand, Painter, at Taal Sum Office, No 1 4 Strand, in the Pre:ea:act of the stla . .voy, in the Cwin t i v Middlesex , —Wednesday, July 26, 1865. ti