The Sun. — London, England, 1866-09-13 00:00:00

THE FOOD FISHERIES OF FRANCE (From the Times.) The object of the two fishery exhibitions now open in France—one at Arcachon, another at Boulogne--is, according to French opinion, to teach the nations how to fish, and to show ocularly the science of the sea, and the technological value of such other marine industries as are not connected with the supply of food, as the sea-weed, shell, sponge, and coral fisheries. The promoters of the exhibitions entertain the hope of bringing into a focus the accumulated knowledge of all who are en gaged in fishing enterprises, or who take an interest in the scientific culture of the waters. It is but fair to state that both of these " expositions," as they are locally designated, are exceedingly interesting, although it has been found nearly impossible to carry out the exact programm e of either, the design of both having been much too elaborate and ambi tious. Could the two exhibitions have been fused into one perfect show of fishery mechanism and phi losophy their utility wouldthen have passed unques tioned. In such a case it would have been desirable to keep up the classified arrangement observed at Arcachon, and to retain that picturesque aquarium now being finished at Boulogne, which is much more like the home of the fish than the 22 glass fronted square boxes which have been constructed at the former place. It is, perhaps, a little premature, or at least over-severe criticism, to say, as has been said, that both of the exhibitions are a failure, without waiting for the results. Only two exhibi tions of the kind, precedent to those now under notice, have ever been held, one in Holland and the other in Norway, both of which were useful, and afforded to all interested an opportunity of com paring notes and of judging materials and appa ratus, which could not otherwise be obtained. Amsterdam is said to have been founded on herring bones, and we know that the Dutch had set their mark on the seas before any other nation, but, from what is set forth at Arcachon and Boulogne, it is questionable if they are at present more industrious on the high seas than the French. As fishers they are more plodding, but not so ingenious. What is most emphatically taught at both of the French ex positions is the death-dealing quality and great ex tent of the apparatus now employed by all civilised nations, and especially the French, for the capture of fish and crustaceans. In one corner may be seen curious tongs for the purpose of taking eels. Long stretches of netting for the sardine fishery are fes tooned over a division of the building ; these are woven with thread so fine that it might be used for the manufacture of ladies' hose. At another place the invention is an act of humanity—there is shown a leech-lifter; and near it may be seen deadly traps for the taking of crabs and lobsters, while from the roof depend a few stretches of Scotch-made herring nets, by far the best of their kind ; and with such a wall of meshes floating in the sea as these nets pre sent to the fish, each stretch being about a mile long, and with a fleet of a few hundred boats nightly cen tred on some well-known fishing-ground, the wonder is, not that fish are scarce and dear, but that a single herring escapes to repeat the story of its birth or form a nucleus for future shoals. In these exhibi tions there is shown an array of fishing machinery that is truly wonderful in its ingenuity of construc tion and power of capture. Judging from what is exhibited, men will in future leave the fish to cap ture themselves, for among the gear there are traps that are self-acting, and give almost no trouble ex cept to the captives. With the invention of a leech-net nien will not in future require to expose their limbs in the unhealthy marshes of the Sologne, or to keep cattle to drive through the shallow waters, in order that the leeches may cling to their bloodless legs. Lord Lovat's salmon-kettle used to be a sight when the leaping fish, jumping the falls, sprang into the boiling cauldron placed by the water side for their capture ; but in France there are salmon nets float ing in some of the rivers having fanners, or wings, driven by the current, which capture and bag the fish while the fisherman is asleep. In some respects the French are entitled to set themselves up as Mentors both in ;the art and the science of fishing. So far, at least, as the mecanique of a fishery is concerned, they are, with one or two exceptional points, iu advance of most nations, and in pisciculture, as is well known, they are unrivalled. It would, however, be an act of injustice to the hardy fishermen of the British islands to say that the French sea fisheries are free from anomalies, or any thing like perfect; for in some of their fishing indus tries they annually continue to perpetrate the mosl grave blunders. Thus, at Concarneau, a fishing place in Brittany (Finisterre), may be seen the two oppo- sites of fishing economy. On the one hand there has been erected at a considerable expense what we might have in England—a marine observatory for the scientific and economic study, as regards age of reproduction and rate of growth, of the various sea fishes, as also for the observation and breeding of various crustaceans. Men of science watch over and report from time to time on the experiments, which are so carefully conducted that in another year or so many of the mysteries of fish life, and particularly that mystery the understanding of which is the key note to the prosperity of a fishery—the date at which a fish becomes able to perpetuate its kind— will be known to the observers. On the other hand, and so to speak, in the very presence of the savans who are at work in the adjoining laboratory, is carried on a branch of the great French sardine fishery, which is conducted in a way that is quite remarkable for the extravagance it involves. The sprat fisheries on the British coast—indeed, all the net fisheries of our coasts—are carried on in the most primitive way, and with very great success. The French sardine fishery is conducted in a way altogether different from ours ; it presents this anomaly—namely, that the French have made it a bait fishery, requiring the annual expenditure of an enormous sum of money for a substance with which to entice the fish, this substance being the roe of the cod —a figurative whale to catch a sprat. On the shores of the North Sea fisheries have been esta blished solely for the purpose of providing the eggs of the cod fish as bait for the sardine catchers of Concarneau. This roe, which is prepared, costs 50f. per barrel ; each boat employed in the sardine a fishery s t h h e e r r y e will use about 15 barrels every season, and, are about three thousand sardine boats on the coast of Brittany, the moneypaid for bait cannot be much under £lOO,OOO per annum. The number of cod fish which must be killed, or at least are killed, for the purpose of obtaining this ground bait is therefore enormous, and if the fishery exhibitions now open in France achievenothing more than the teaching of the men of Concarneau to catch their sardines as the British fishermen catch their sprats they will indeed be a great success. The capture and cure of the sardine is a great business in France, and especially at Concarneau, where as many as 13,000 men aid in the fishery. It is not easy to obtain accurate statistics of the business done in sardines. In the first place, there is a large quantity sold fresh—that is, packed in dry salt, in little baskets made of rushes, and sent wherever there is a mode of outlet. Then there is an en ormous quantity sold in those familiar tins. It is said that besides the quantity exported, which is large, there are as many as 4,000,000 boxes cured in oil and prepared for the home market ; th en , besides these, a largepressed . immber are sold loo se i n bar rels, and also arrival barrels. It is an interesti ng sight to witness th e of the boat s , an d t o see the rush to the cur i ng esta blishments of the me n , women, and childre n interested in the sales. How their sabots do clatter as they prance over the stones I The curers just buy from day fishe what speaking r , they to d ay they require, and no more; generallysardines do not, as in the Scottish herring y, mke con tracts with boats, and only one or two firm s a have boats of their own. When t h e curers are in want of a supply of fish t he y p ut up a fla g at their curing establishment, 'and the fisherinen hurry to supply them, the price varying from day to day ac cording as the fishery has been abundant or.the reverse. As soon as the boats arrive the fish are put in train for the cure by being gutted, beheaded, sorted into sizes, and washed in sea water, chiefly by women, who can earn from 12f. to 20f. a week at these curing establishments. The cure is begun by drying the fish on nets or willows, generally in the °Pen air, but sometimes from stress of weather it nluat be done under cover. After being dried they are ready for the process of the pan, which is kept over a furnace, and is filled with boiling oil. Into the cauldron the fish are plunged, two rows deep, arranged on wire'gratings. In this pan of oil (the very finest olive oil) they remain for a brief period, till, in the judgment of the cook, they are done sufficiently. Then they are placed to drip, the drippings of oil being, of course, carefully collected; after which they are packed by women and girls into the nice little clean boxes in which they are sold. Again they are allowed to drip by the boxes being sloped ; then each box, by means of a tap, is filled carefully up to its lip with pure olive oil, when it is ready for the next process, which is the solder ing on of the lids, or, as it may be called, the her metical sealing up of the box, a most particular part of the process, at which the men can earn very large wages, with this drawback, that they have to buy all the fish that are spoilt. After the soldering has been accomplished the boxes have to be boiled in a steam-chest. Those that do not bulge out after the boiling are condemned as " dead;" for when the process is thoroughly gone through the perfection of the cure is known by the bulging out of the boxes, which are of various sizes, according to the purpose for which they are designed. There are boxes of 61b. weight and 21b. weight, as also half and quarter boxes, with from about 24 to 12 fish in them, ac cording to size. Little kegs are also filled with sardines cured as anchovies. The finishing process of the sardine cure is to stamp the boxes and affix the thin brass labels which are always found upon them. There are little incidental industries con nected with the cure which may be noticed. The debris is sold for agricultural purposes, as is the case at home here, where the curers get a few pounds annually for their offal ; then a large quantity of oil is exuded from the sprat during the process of the cure, and on the total fishery this oil is of con siderable value. The " dead" fish, as we have said, are sold to the men, but the success of the cure is usually so great that the " dead" form but a very small percentage of the total Lumber of boxes sub mitted to the test. Naval and Military Intelligence. VALETTA, Sept. 6.—Her Majesty's screw gun vessel Assurance, 4, Commander W. H. Pym, ar rived on the 29th ult., with despatches from the Commander-in-Chief and letters from the squadron. Lord Clarence Paget, with the Victoria (flag), Prince Consort, Royal Oak, Gibraltar, and Assurance, left Patras on the 27th, and was cruising off Cephalonia, when the Assurance sailed for Malta on the 28th. The Enterprise hove in sight, but having five days' quarantine to perform, she was sent back to Corfu to ride out her quarantine and to await the arrival of her new commander (Bosanquet.) The Wizard, 2, Lieut.-Commander P. J. Murray, was ordered to Candia on 23d of August, to take the place of the Arethusa, 35, Capt. Macdonald, in order that the latter vessel might return to the Firms, there being much excitement at Athens, consequent on the antici pated revolution in Candia, and which it was ex pected would increase rather than subside on the return of the king to his capital about the 12th of September from Corfu. The Tyrian, 2, gunboat, Lieut.-Com. the lion. V. Montagu, was to return to Patras on the Arethusa's arrival at Athens, and remained for a short time there, to keep the cur rant shipping in order during the absence of the squadron. The Psyche, despatch vessel, Lieut.- Co.n Sir Francis Blackwood, left Malta after the arrival of the Overland Mail, with despatches for the Commander-in-Chief, who is cruising on the south-west of the island of Cephalonia, where he is expecting to be joined by the Enterprise. The five ships will then proceed to cruise off the south-east of Sicily. Letters from Naples received yesterday state that her Majesty's ship Resistance had been for a short cruise in the Bay with the *Consul- General on Board, and, after exercising great guns at a target, had taken up an anchorage at Castella mare, where she remained on the 31st of August. No further cases of cholera had occurred on board besides the two mild cases previously reported. The Resistance is probably by this time on her way to Malta, where it is likely she will be docked to clean her bottom before proceeding to join the squadron with the Commander-in-Chief. Letters from Con stantinople to the 29th ult . : speak of the cholera in that city as being of a mild type. The cases were not numerous, nor were there apprehensions of its spreading. Dr. Domville, Deputy Inspector- General of the Royal Naval Hospital, 13ighi, ar rived here in the Surat from Southampton, and is performing quarantine in the Lazaretto. Dr. Henry C. Woods, Assist.-Surg. of the Royal Oak, has been appointed by the Commander-in-Chief to the Tynan, to do duty pro tem., vice Ashford, deceased, until the arrival of Dr. Wil- Liam Inman from the Donegal, who has been appointed to the Tyrian by the Admi ralty, and is expected here from Southampton on the 13th inst. Dr. Woods, on being relieved will return to his proper ship, the Royal Oak. The Tunisian screw corvette Mansour, 10 guns, Capt. A. Bin Attia, arrived off the port of Malta on the Ist inst. ; but having 330 Hadjis on board from Alexandria, she was not permitted to enter. She anchored outside, and after her wants had been supplied proceeded on the following day for Tunis. A military court of inquiry is likely to be held to investigate an accusation brought by Col. Chandler, against Lieut. Bernard, Royal Malta Fcncible Artillery, cf perjury, in giving evidence in a recent police case. Although Col. Chandler, on being warned by the magistrate, withdrew the charge, Lieut. Bernard, it is said, has laid the matter before his commanding officer, in order that it should be brought before the high military authorities. The people of Malta are anxiously looking out for the return of Sir Henry Storks. On his arrival in Lon don from Jamaica being announced here, the elected members of Council and the Chamber of Commerce immediately telepraphed their congratulations to his Excellency, expressing a hope that he would shortly resume the government of this island, which con gratulations were acknowledged with thanks by his Excellency, by telegraph. A similar message of congratulation was, I believe, despatched by post by the Archdeacon of Malta. The Psyche returned yesterday afternoon with despatches from the Com mander-in-Chief, who was cruising on the 4th inst. with the squadron about 50 miles east of Zante. The Psyche sailed again a few hours after arrival for Tripoli with Mr. Drummond Hay, her Majesty's Consul-General for that Regency. Her Majesty's ship Racer is ordered to leave Corfu for Malta, after landing our Minister, Mr, Erskine, at Corinth. The Enterprise will probably return to Malta soon. The Assurance (now in port) will leave, after the arrival of the next Marseilles mails for the Admiral. Capt. E. Johnson, of the English screw steamer Sesostris, arrived yesterday from Liverpool, reports that he came into collision with the schooner Edward, of Hamburg, on the. f lst inst., at 1 a.m., for Cape de Galle. It i said that the schooner carried no light. The damage was not serious. The Channel Fleet, under the command of Rear- Admirals Hastings 4 G. Yelverton, C. 8., and Fre derick Warden, C. 8., will, according to present arrangements, sail from Portland for the coast of Ireland, in search of rough weather, on the 18th inst. The fleet will be absent from the English Channel about six weeks, and Bantry Bay will be made the port of rendezvous and anchorage. Yesterday Port Admiral Si: Charles Fremantle inspected the crew of the Ocean, 53, in Plymouth Sound, and Admiral-Superintendent Drummond inspected the crew of the Leopard, 18, alongside the Devonport Dockyard, preparatory to their being paid oif. Messrs. Humphrys and Tennant, marine engi neers, have received an order from the Admiralty for the construction of the engines, of 1,100-horse power nominal, for the Monarch turret-ship, ordered to be built at Chatham dockyard. We have from time to time reported the excellent performance of the engines fitted by this firm to the armour-plated corvette Pallas, now with the Channel squadron, and we arc informed that it is owing to the satisfactory working of this ship's machinery, both on her trials over the measured mile and at sea, that the Admi ralty have determined on fitting the Monarch with engines on the same principle. The Prince of Wales, screw three-decker, 800 horse power, was removed out of the ship basin of THE SUN, LONDO Portsmouth dockyard, after a careful calking inside and outside, and to-day will be removed to her moorings in the upper part of the harbour, near her sister vessel, the three-decker Marlborough. It was understood during the recent visit of the Ad miralty to Portsmouth that their lordships contem plated cutting down and converting both these ves sels to turret-ships for Channel service on the plan a the Royal Sovereign; but no orders on the sub ject have yet been given by the board. Heavily plated and fitted each with three double double gun turrets, they would make a formidable addition to our coast defences, while their conversion could. at the same time be effected with much less of the elaborate finish, and consequent cost, that attended our first attempt at the same kind of work with the Royal Sovereign. The Prince of Wales and Marl borough now as wooden three-deckers are only fit for conversion to turret-ships, or to be stripped of their machinery and broken up. The Orestes, 1,715 tons, and Harrier, 748 tons, unarmoured wooden (screw) corvettes, both in dock at Portsmouth, with their machinery taken out and partially stripped of their planking, have been con demned and ordered to be broken up. The Admi ralty have now to decide whether they are to be broken up in the docks where they lie, or sent away to some private yard for the purpose. The most economical course would be to break them up where they are, the expense it would entail would to ren der them temporarily floatable for transport being something considerable. The breaking up of these two vessels by the shipwrights and labourers of Portsmouth yard would also afford a legitimate op portunity for the' absorption" of any surplus money likely to remain unspent from the sum voted to the shipwright department in the Estimates for the cur rent year. The Netley and Trinculo, screw wooden gunboats, fitting out in the steam basin of Portsmouth yard, will in a short time be ready for trial under steam and commission. They are said to be intended for service on the Canadian lakes, but it cannot well be believed that Sir John Pakington's Board of Admi ralty would despatch unarmoured wooden gunboats to a part of the world where if they ever met with an enemy he would certainly be one carrying armour plating. The Himalaya, screw iron troopship, has still a large number of men engaged upon her in com pleting her repairs and outfit, considerable im provement being made in several of her deck fit tings. Her stern tubing and new aft screw shafting were sent down to her yesterday from the steam factory. With the immense work this vessel has done under steam her machinery has necessarily at vari ous times undergone extensive repairs. The engines in fact may be said to have been renewed three times, and now, we believe, the only portion of her original machinery remaining in her is one piece of her screw shafting. The Warrior, ironclad frigate, in the steam basin at Portsmouth, is ordered to be completed by the shipwright and factory departments, and made ready to receive her armament by the end of January next. Many improvements are being effected in the fittings of this handsome frigate. The main sewer pipes— generators of fever and diarrhoea among the crew during the commission—have been taken out of her, and scupper holes for the discharge of the water from her decks have been cut through her armour plating. Additional scuttles for ventilation and light have also been cut through the armour-plating. All the main bulkheads below, with the exception of the two plated with armour, have been cut through and water-tight doors fitted, and to make the ven tilation below as perfect as possible the plated bulk heads should be treated in the same way. If money and time could both be spared for the purpose, sonic simple yet efficient means should be applied for the protection of her rudder head and after stern post, and her rcrew should be " over-hung." The Urgent, screw, iron troopship, Ca,pt.• S. ll _ _ Henderson, is lying in the steam basin at Ports mouth yard refitting for further service. New boilers and condensers are being prepared for her, so that some time will elapse bef ore she can again be avail able for troop transport. The Cunard steamers Tarifa and Europe, which have been completely overhauled and refitted for the reception of the 13th Hussars, left the Mersey yes terday at 2 p.m. for Quebec. The Tarifa has on board 13 officers, 182 men, and 172 horses. The officers are Lieut.-Col. Jenyns, C. 8.; Capts.Clarke, IMIC.I, an d Hill ; Lieuts. Ford, Clay, and Webb ; Cornets Hamilton, Pole, and Ellis; Lieut. and Adjut. Joyce, Surg. Armstrong, and Vet.-surg.Varley. The Europe conveys 13 officers, 144 men, and 131 horses. The officers are Major Maclean ; Capts. Atkinson, Huddleston, and Miles ; Lieuts. Starkey, Higgins, and Hone ; Cornets Bieber and Moore ; Paymaster Frith, Riding -master Hubbard, Quarter master Cresdee, and Assist.-Surg.Milburn. To-day. at 9 a.m., the Allan steamer will go 41ongside the great landing stage and take on board nine officers and 153 dismounted men of the same regiment, and detachments for other corps, to the number of about 240, and sail about noon. These vessels also take out several hundred tons of military stores. The Walmer Castle, troop-ship, one of Mr. Green's fleet of Indian transports, fitted with special care for the service, having embarked the three bat teries of Royal Artillery, as detailed in the Times of Tuesday, sailed yesterday about 3 p.m. from Woolwich Arsenal on her voyage to Madras direct under orders not to call at any intermediate port. She was towed down the river, in charge of a pilot, by a couple of steamtugs, and was cast off to pro ceed on her voyage under sail, in charge of Captain Styles, who, calculating on the ship's ordinary rate of sailing, had no doubt of being able to land the troops at their destination ten or twelve days before Christmas. The 63d (the West Suffolk) Regiment, under the command of F. W. Carter, left the East Infantry Barracks, at Aldershott, on Monday morning, head quarters and five companies to Glasgow, three com panies to Ayr, and two companies to Paisley. Two special trains were provided by the South Eastern Railway to convey the regiment to its destinations. The regiment was accompanied by no less than seven infantry bands to the railway. The 63d Regiment has been quartered since its return from Canada in the summer of 1865 in the East Infantry Barracks, and has been in th e 2d or General Campbell's Brigade. 'rhe division at Aldershot had its usual weekly field-day yesterday morning. The troops marched from their quarters at 9 o'clock and at 10 were formed up near Norris-bridge and Eelmore. Having been supplied with 15 rounds of blank ammunition the various evolutions and manoeuvres incidental to a sham fight took place, lasting over two hours, at the conclusion of which they marchedpast, the troops returning to quarters shortly after 1 o'clock: By the removal lately of several regiments, and the large number of " duty men" required for the guards and sentries of the camp, the strength of the troops on the field was less than on any occasion during the past two years. The report that scarlatina had broken out among overcrowdin gi c u ce o f th out the childre n o f th e marr i ed troops at Aldershot camp in q huts bar racksthe consequence s is e entirelyen W n h foundation. te past eight months only three or four cases have oc curred and none have proved fatal. The following appointments have been made at the Admiralty:—Staff-Commander George F. Carr, to the Zealous, commissioned ; Lieut. G. E. Barnes, to the Lion ; Lieut. H. E. Maclean, Lieut. G. F. Somerset, Lieut. H. W. Stopford, awl Lieut. John iVay, to the Zealous ; Sub-Lieut. Philip H. Hickman and Sub-Lieut. George Usborne, to the Zealous; Sub-Lieut. George M. Powell, to the Lord Clyde • Alfred A. Ashington, Frederick E. A. Croker, C ec il F. Foley, Douglas E. B. Henderson, Arthur B. H. Kirwan, Henry G. Napier, John P. PITA, and Thomas F. Pullen, midshipmen, to the Zealous Lord George G. Campbell; Henry E. Bourchier, Francis J. Brooke, Blanchard R. F. Coward, an d Cadets to the Zealous. Spencer H. N. Login, Naval Cade , RYLAND'S' IRON TRADE CIRCULAR.—The right of publication of the Iron Trade Circular (Ryland's), with the copyright and goodwill, was sold by auction at the Hen and Chickens Hotel, Birmingham, yesterday, by Mr. H. Smith, of the firm of Fallows and Smith, under an order of the High Court of Chancery, made in a cause, "Ryland v. Holt and others." The first bid was £lOO, and after a spirited competition it was knocked down for £6BO Mr. G. Ryland, ono of the partners in the late firm, was the purchaser. , THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 13, 1866. The Murder of a Convict Warder at Chatham. CHATHAM, Wednesday. This morning James Fletcher, the convict who stands charged, on the coroner's inquest, with the wilful murder of James Boyle, an assistant-warder at the Chatham Con vict Prison, in Chatham Dockyard, on Wednesday last, by brutally attacking him with a hammer used by him in breaking stones, was brought up for examination at the police -court. The magistrates on the bunch were Mr. W. H. Nicholson and Captain H. Savage, and during the examination of the accused the court was crowded. The prisoner appeared to take more interest in the pro ceedings than on the occasion of his examination before the coroner and jury. He appears to have recovered from the effects of the wound inflicted on him by the bayonet of the convict guard who went to the assistance of the deceased at the time of the attack on him. Th 3 prisoner received throe bayonet wounds in the thigh and one in tho side. He was also struck over the left side of the head with the butt end of the rifle, there being a large scar still visible where the wound was inflicted. Since he has been in the custody of the police he has talked freely of the crime, which he does not attempt to deny, the reason alleged by him for the attack on the deceased being on account of his having caused him to be punished by confinement in the prison cells. He also expresses the opinion that he shall be hanged for the crime. • Sproule Irvine, the guard in charge of the convicts em ployed in Chatham dockyard at the time of the occurrence, in addition to the evidence given before the coroner, now stated that the party with which the prisoner was working consisted of 20 convicts, who were all employed in stone breaking. Witness distinctly saw the prisoner rise from his seat on a plank and strike the deceased three times with the hammer produced, which he had been using in breaking • the stones. The first blow struck the deceased on the left cheek, but witness could not say where the second blow struck him, but the third time prisoner struck him while he was on the ground. The deceased fell on being struck the second time. Witness never heard prisoner or deceased speak before the attack took place. Immediately he saw the oc currence witness went towards the deceased, who was 15 or 16 yards away. The prisoner was then standing with the hammer raised over his head, as if with the intention of making an attack on witness, or continuing the attack on the deceased. Witness secured him, and kept him until he was taken to the prison. Before witness secured him the prisoner dropped tho hammer, which he picked up. Nothing was said, so far as witness could remember, by the . prisoner either before or after ho was secured. Wit ness sustained some injuries during the scuffle with the prisoner. The medical witnesses said the deceased died from the effects of those injuries. William Thomas Allison, a principal warder at the Chat ham Convict Prison, said the prisoner had been reported by the deceased for making use of foul language. Witness produced the copy of the report of the deceased. The pri soner was present when the deceased made the report, and so was witness. The charge against the prisoner was for having made use of foul language. The prisoner was re ported at the,same time by another warder for having at tempted to obtain a second supper by false pretences. When asked by the governor if ho had anything to say to the charge made by the deceased, he said he had not. The prisoner was then ordered two da.34l' close confinement in the cells, with a diet of bread and water. On Wednesday morning, the day of attack on the deceased, he was released from confinement, and the same afternoon sent to his work in the dockyard. The prisoner, in addition to his other punishment, was degraded to another class, and lost 210 marks, which would operate against his remission of sen tence. Prisoner—The reason I did it was because the officer was regular taking advantage of the men, and reporting them when there was no cause for it. The principal warder here, when I was in the cells, on the 2d day of this month, said ho would make my head and the wall come together, so that my brains would flfout. I then thought that when I got out I would do this to get shut of my life altogether, as I was sick and tired of it. There's men constantly dying now in the prison with hunger and starvation. The men are regularly eating the candles, soap, and tallow; they also eat the potato peelings, and anything they can get hold of. They aro also drinking oil out of the oil cans. I don't wish to say any more now. After the above statement had boon taken down and read over to the prisoner, he said it was quite correct, and appended his signature to it. He was then fully committed for trial for wilful murder at the next assizes for Kent to be held at Maidstone. The Fatal Accident to a Welsh Excursion Train. GLANDWYFACH, NORTH WALES, Tuesday. This afternoon the adjourned inquest upon the bodies of those killed in the accid en t on th e C arnarvons hi re R a il way last Thursday was resumed before the coroner for the dis trict, Mr. Hugh Hunter Hughes. The names of those upon whom the inquiry was held were Mary Jones, Janet Phillips Catherine Parry, llumphrey Griffith, Edward Williams , and Elizabeth Evans. The first five were killed on the scene at the tine of the accident, and the last, Elizabeth Evans, died on Sunday in the publichouse adjoining the station, whither she had been removed. The inquiry was opened in the Goat Inn, and after the body of Elizabeth Evans had been viewed by the jury the court was adjourned to a shed near the railway station. Mr. Breese, solicitor, of Portmadoc, and Mr. Morgan Lloyd appeared to watch the case on behalf of the railway company and the contractors. The evidence was given in English and translated in Welsh for the jury. After briefly addressing the jury on the serious nature of their duties, the Coroner called Dr. Parry, who said—l was travelling by the train. that met with the accident on Thursday night. There were no carriages in the train. They were all ballast waggons. It was dark at the time of the accident. We started from Pant station, near Carvon, at 7 o'clock. We stopped at several places on the road to put down passengers. I remember the train stopping near this station (Glandwyfach). At first I thought they were only putting down passengers. I know since that it was to take in water from the tank. We came very slowly from the tank to the station, and the train stopped again. I did not know that the cause of the stop page was an accident. I sat still in the truck till I heard people calling out for me. I then got out and went to the engine and found it across the line, and two trucks near it upset. I saw two bodies under the trucks—a man and woman. They were both dead. I sawseveral other bodies lying on a bank. I cannot say how many, there was such confusion there and people calling for me first on one side and then on the other. I stayed all night in attendance upon Elizabeth Evans, who died on Sunday. Dr. Roberts, a surgeon practising at Portmadoc, described in detail the nature of the injuries of which the several persons had died. 119 did not know anything of the acci dent or the causes'ivliich led to it. Thomas Davis said—l live at Glenavon. lam a private tutor. I was in one of the trucks in the train going to Portmadoc on Thursday. I was in a truck at the back of the train. We stopped near the station to got water. We then proceeded pretty slowly, and the first thing I noticed was the light of the signal juitping tip and down. The truck I was in went on. I jumped down and ran towards the engine. It was partly across the line. The tender was lying on its side, pitched over. Three of the trucks were also upset. The engine was not on the same rails as the tender and the trucks. I assisted in removing the dead bodies and the injured. I spoke to the driver at Carnarvon just before starting, and ho was quite sober. James Gordon, storekeeper onthe Cambrian Railway, was with the train at the time of the accident. He proved that the guard in charge of the train was sober. The train pro ceeded at the rate of about 15 or 20 miles an hour. From the tank where the engine took in water to the points at which the accident occurred the train was proceeding at the rate of five or six miles an hour. There was a " turnout" about 200 yards from the tank. There was no pointsman stationed there. The whistle was sounded on leaving the David Leather, a passenger in the first truck; who was thrown out by the collision, was examined, but his evi dence did not add anything to that of. the preceding wit nesses. Mr. William Pearce, manager of a bank at Portmadoc, who rode on the tender from Pant to Glandwyfach, con firmed the previous description of the journey and tho ac cident. All the officials in charge of the train were sober. Mr. John Savin was on the engine, assisting to drive. There were from 25 to 30 passengers in each truck. Alfred Harvey.—l am a ganger on the Carnarvonshire Railway. I have been engaged on the line 12 months. Had no particular instructions respecting the line on Thursday. The points for three miles from hero towards Carnarvon are under my charge. I examined the points where the accident took place on Thursday evening at six o'clock. They were then in good working order. They were put in new about a fortnight ago. They are worked by a lever. They are self-acting, and do not require any one to look after them when a train is passing—that is, if they are not disturbed by any one. They can only be altered by some one working the lever. Tho weight of the carriages passing would not disturb them. If a train coining from Carnarvon had to stop at this station it would be necessary to open the points that lead into the station. That would be the duty of the broaksman who accompanies the train. As an additional precaution, a spike was driven into.the sleeper at the inside of the point to make it more secure. The bolt has been driven in there in the first place by the platelayers when laying down the points, and be fore the lever and weight wore fixed. It was a tempo rary substitute. On Thursday morning - I saw this spike lying near the points, and I drove it in the hole where it had been before. The train passed n from Port-Madoc to Carnarv on i n the morning all right.) When I examined bolt ery wasti tight, driven t,because about it lInt; n into old hole.the sleeper. It the points at si x o ' clock on Thursday n ight they were shut and the bolt was i n as I had left it rn. the morning. The by the hand. A pas s i ng train would not displace it. Other passenger trains hav e passed over the line, and safely passed could removed v these points. About h a lf an hour after the accident occurred a woman c ame t o my house, and told me of it. I t be was not very came down to the station, and found the engine across the main road, and the tender was broadside down. I did not go to examine the points that night. I went at 4 o'clock next morning. They were then open for the siding road. There was a truck standing on them. There was a bit of the point chipped off on the inside of the road. The lever was up. The points must have been partly opened by some one before the train came down. The engine kept the main line and the tender took the siding, with the trucks after it. The engine in going over the points would have the effect of shutting them closer, unless there was a stone or something between the point and the stock rail, in which case the engine would have the effect of open ing them wider. That is how I account for the engine passing the points safely and the tender running off. lam sure the bolt had not got in between the point and, the stock rail. The road is ballasted with gravel near the points, but the ballast is kept lower than the rails. James Gardiner—l am a platelayer. I was at the scene of the accident on Thursday night. I went to look at the points. I found a piece of sandstone "mashed up" on the second chair, between the switch and the stock rail. It was about half the size of a hen's egg. The bolt was lying in the road, ahout a yard off the points. There was no mark upon the bolt, as if it had been touched by the train. If it had been wrenched out by the train it would have been bent and marked. If knocked out by the train it would not have fallen in the direction of the place where I found it. It is not necessary to have the bolt there after the lever-box is put up. It makes the points more secure when it is in. As long as the bolt was in it was impossible to move the lever, and it was not possible to open the point without moving the lever. I have worked on many hundred points before, but cannot account for the presence of the stone in any other way except that it was purposely placed between the points. I have known such a case before on Mr. Savin's works. It was on a railway at Hereford, and the man was tried at the assizes and found guilty. J. H. Williams—On Thursday night I was coming back from Carnarvon about 7 o'clock. It was dark and raining very hard. I saw a man walking from the station towards the points. Ido not know who he was. He was walking between the rails. The inquiry was then adjourned. Mr. Du Cane, M.P., on the Navy and Dockyarth. On Tuesday evening, at the opening :of a new Corn Exchange at Halstead, Essex, there was a public dinner in the Town-hall. Capt. Sparrow pre sided, and amongst the speakers were Mr. Du Cane (one of the Lords of the Admiralty), Sir Thos. B. Western, M.P., Col. Brest, Capt. Courtauld, &c. The last-named gentleman, in speaking on the subject of the army, said that, as a junior Lord of the Admiralty was present, he wished to ask him if the statements that had been made in the news papers as to the extravagant expenditure in the dockyards and navy were correct ? He would ask whether it was true that the Government was spend ing more money in patching up old ships than was necessary to make.new ones? Was it t rue th a t t h e wages of seamen , were so low that other kir ds of labour were more attractive than the navy to the men of this country ? Mr. D u CANE, in replying to these observations, said that on his accession to office the question was put to him by a friend who agreed with him in poli tical matters as to how he, a country gentleman, came to be made a Lord of the Admiralty. What possible connection could there be between an iron clad hull and the stubble and turnip fields of North Essex ? (Laughter.) There did not at first appear to be any connection, but_ agricul ture was pre-eminently a question of peace, and the representatives of agricultural constituen cies were interested more than all others in the effective maintenance of the naval defences as a safeguard of the peace of the country. He had not intended to plunge into the mysterious whirl pool of dockyard accounts, or that sweeping bill of indictment brought by Mr. Seeley against the naval administration, but a certain fly bad been thrown across the table by Captain Courtauld, and so far as he was able he should be only too happy to answer the question. put. In the first instance the question had been put irrespective of party, because the gentleman who put the question was a hearty sup porter of the late Government. It was quite true that the question as to whether more had been spent in repairing old ships than it would cost to construct new ones had been asked in the House of Commons, and it produced a great effect, but he could not help thinking that the captain had not read the answer given to it by Sir John Pakington. That answer clearly showed that Mr. Seeley was wrong. He had got hold of two separate lines of figures, and had misunderstood the number "3," - which belonged to another column. - Captain COUR TAULD —My remarks referred to the ship Cadmus. Mr. DU CANE said ships were mentioned generally, and he thought Mr. Seeley's statement was referred to, but as he was not prepared itith the account relative to that ship, he could only reply gene rally. The next question was whether it was true that our sailors were so underpaid that there was a difficulty in obtaining good seamen to man the navy. Now, he would say that the members of the Board of Admiralty had inspected every vessel in Her Majesty's squadron, as well as the dockyards. There had been numerous depu tations of dockyard labourers, whO' represented that owing to the increased price of provisions, and other demands upon them, they wished to have their wages increased. The Admiralty went on board of 20 or 25 ships, and there was not a single complaint made by the crews. That, he thought, was the time to make complaints if any reason for them existed, because a visit of the Board of Admi ralty gave an opportunity of making such com plaints. But there was one thing of which he would assure his hon. friend, though he himself had not been long in office, that from the First Lord of the Admiralty down to the last there was but one wish, that during the recess the whole of the state ments that had been made should undergo a com plete investigation. (Cheers.) If any abuses ex isted it was the determination of the Government that they should be rooted out and dealt with in the most summary manner ; and if Captain Court auld, with all his experience, would like to take a tour through the dockyards, he should be furnished with a free pass to go round without being accom panied by any official ; and, from the first nail driven into a ship to her completion, he would have an opportunity of ascertaining all the facts, and if he could lay his hand on one single practical abuse, and could point out a practical remedy, the First Lord of the Admiralty would mention him in his place in Parliament as a benefactor of his country. (Great cheering.) There„ was one matter to be looked at. If the navy of this country was com pared with that of America the result would be favourable to England. The circumstances under which the naval expenditure occurred must be taken into account. America, during the last few years, had expended upon her navy the same amount that England had done, and had constructed three or four times the number of ships the size of the English vessels. Still he did not think the cases parallel. America, five years ago, had no navy at all ; but England had not only to reconstruct her navy in the last five years, but ; had also to alter ships and keep an efficient navy in existence. It should also be remembered that we were living in a time of change in naval architecture such as the world had never known. The impene trable iron-clad of one day had been discarded, owing to the power of the monster guns that had been adopted ; and then, again, the turret-ship had made another revolution in naval architecture. If this revolution went on as it had done, the language of the poet respecting the British seamen would be inapplicable when he spoke of the " sea-boy on the high and giddy mast ;" but he thought the high and giddy mast would soon' be a reminiscence of the past, and " Poor Jack" would have to be recom mended to the care of the mermaids down below, living in a diving-bell, and inhale his breath through the- questionable medium of a donkey engine. (Laughter.) Seeing that the invention of one day had become the exploded of the next, it could not be wondered that they had changed their affection for the old wooden walls. The Government had had the best wooden navy that the world had ever seen before the revolution in naval matters had taken place, but they were arriving at the end of the sea of trouble and perplexity into which they bad been plunged, and certain principles had been arrived at which would not only .contribute to the efficiency of the navy, but would be-conducive to simplify all matters in relation thereto for the future. SPIRIT OF THE- PUBLIC JOURNALS, TIMES.—The ceremony of electoral exposure and confession has been so often repeated, and hitherto to so little purpose, that the most sanguine must confess to misgivings as they read each chapter in these scandalous annals. The Englishman has great faith in publicity, and in that eye of day which searches, and burns, and purifies ; b u t th e eye o f day has looked on these doings for many genera tions, and•might as well have winked at them for any good that has come of it. Nothing can be plainer, nothing less reserved, nothing, we had al most said, more honest, than the revelations of Yarmouth, Reigate, Lancaster, and Totnes, lavished by the most competent and deeply-compromised witnesses before the Election Commissioners. These men are only telling the Court what everybody knows, and what they really appear to have no rea son for concealing. In all these towns; as no doubt in most others, there are men who know the precise political value of all, or a large portion, of their fellow-townsmen. As you will find everywhere shrewd and observant men who know the value of every house, the yield of every field, and the par ticulars of every horse in the neighbourhood, these adepte—professors, it must be admitted, of no un worthy craft—can enter into the secrets of the soul, scan the motives, and divine the intentions of each individual elector. They know the man who will take his £5 or his £lO ; the man who will allow his rent to be paid, or his creditor satisfied ; the man who can be approached through 'his brother or his wife ; the man who will not vote unless he is paid ; the man who will vote, but expects a compliment ; the man who must be plausibly employed ; the man who is trying to get money from both sides ; the man who will take money from one side and vote for the other ; and the select few who consider themselves the candidates' special friends and supporters, and whose services are beyond the measure of money. On all these inquiries lists of names have been pro duced, totals of money admitted, even more than can be accounted for, and particular acts of bribery con fessed, with no attempts at palliation, except that " as " one side bribed the other must," so that either actually or in effect the constituents were selling their votes to the highest bidder. It is assumed to be impossible for the average British artisan or small tradesman, not to go a little higher, to re f use the offer of £lO, £2O, or even £4O, if made in a way not to shock his self-respect ; and it is also as sumed that there will always be found men ready to make the offer. Nor is this the case only with the smaller class of boroughs so often threatened by name, and then hastily withdrawn as brands from the burning. Yarmouth is a large place, with a population that nobody could think of disfranchis ing altogether. But the electors reckon upon their £l5 or £25 as much as the people of Totnes do on about half as much again, which is the usual figure there. If facts such as these tell decisively either for or against any good scheme of Parliamentary Reform, it must be by some process of reasoning not yet made familiar to the public. It has been assumed, indeed, that bribery is a local and traditional evil, ;Fathers long wont to be bribed have sons who ex pect bribes, and whose posterity will be still more venal. But the population of this country is not so tied to localities in these days ; our large towns are swollen by emigration from the smaller ones ; and there is not a constituency in the kingdom in which there are not men with this hereditary taint, and ready to spread it. Money is everywhere the motive of action and the measure of interest, and the most unsophisticated constituency that can be created by Act of Parliament will immediately and thoroughly appreciate the man who wants a scat and is ready to pay for it. The electors of the places now on their trial had, after a feeble fashion, opinions and preferences; they had been accustomed to vote on one side rather than the other; but they expected to be paid their retaining and even their refreshing fees. Each side, with its candidates, held itself to be a little army storming a breach in the Constitution for the possession of a seven years' lease of power. It was presumed that the candidate had his interest, though its precise nature andvalue could not be measured by ordinary rule. The elec tors shared the enterprise, ran their risk of dis comfiture, and expected their part in the division of the spoil. The theory is widely held. One of these witnesses held that out of a list of 70 voters there were only about a dozen who would not take bribes. But we can easily con ceive that the successful candidate would rather be quit of those dozen by the payment of £lO a piece than be burdened with obligations that can never be discharged. The man whom the successful candi date most dreads is not him who takes his money and sneaks away, but the more dignified and re spectable personage, who expects his representative to be continually in communication with the Lord Chancellor, or the Horse guards, or the Chancellor of the Exchequer, or the Postmaster-General, in his own special behalf, whatever party may be in power, and even though the said representative voted last week for the dismissal of the Ministers to whom the elector's suit is to be urged. The difficulty of find ing a remedy is aggravated by that approximation of parties and obliteration of differences on which we have so often been congratulated. There exists no very substantial difference between the Conserva tive Liberal and Liberal Conservative, who claim the vote of an 'elector far less educated to see dif ferences than they are themselves. There is not a single question of special interest to himself on which one candidate promises better than the other. The majority of his friends and neighbours have hitherto voted for one, but they don't hold together, and the bond of party, such as there is, has long been reduced to a colour, or a name. The elector knows that it will not make the slightest difference to himself, or anybody else, or any question or cause, which candidate he votes for, and that what ever he does he is only a drop in the ocean. But a £lO note is something tangible. There is no doubt about it. lie wants it. He is that much, or more, in debt. It will get him out of difficulties. His neighbours, one after another, are taking it, and are none the worse for it. Such is the current logic of Great Yarmouth, a rapidly increasing town, with a population of nearly forty thousand, and with seve ral hundred working men already on the register. DAILY NEWS.—It is satisfactory to find that the improvements made during the last three years in the management of-the convict prisons are begin ning to tell favourably on our criminal statistics. The Annual Report of the Directors of Convict Prisons, recently issued, showed that the decrease in the annual number of convictions during the three years is not only marked, but considerable. In 5863 the total number of convicts, including fresh sentences and re-convictions, was 2,608 ; while last year the number had fallen to 1,925—a reduction of just about one-fourth. The decrease in the relative number of severe sentences is equally decided. The number of sentences for a longer pe riod than seven years passed during the last year was 368—little more than half the number passed eight years ago in the year 1857. This indicates a very considerable diminution in the number of serious crimes, and a proportionate reduction in the number of hardened and desperate criminals. Alto gether, both as to the total number of criminals and the quality of their crimes, there is a change for the better during the last three years. This favourable turn in our criminal statistics may, no doubt, in part at least, be attributed to the changes recently intro duced into the management of the convict prisons. These changes may be referred to the two heads of diet and discipline. With regard to the dietary it will be remembered that when the whole subject of prison discipline was discussed three years ago, a complaint was made that the convict prisons were too comfortable, and that in particular their in mates were too well fed. The result sufficiently shows that the complaint was, in some instances at least, well founded. A reduced dietary was adopted in the leading convict prisons, and the directors re port that it has up to the present time been attended with complete success. The fear that the reduced dietary would affect the health of the convicts has not in any instance been realised. At Portland the directors report the reduced dietary continues to be found sufficient, theappearance of the convicts being healthy, and the amount of sickness small. At Portsmouth .the reduction is reported to be " a ma terial success; and an influencing agent on the health and habits of the convicts." At Chatham, too, where the convicts are more exposed to unhealthy and depresSing influences, there has been, with the exception of a temporary epidemic, less than the average amount of sickness. While the reduced dietary has not injuriously affected the physical welfare of the prisoners, it seems to have had the moral effect it was intended to produce. The convicts feel it to be a serious deprivation, and during time year many complaints have been made, especially by the older convicts. It seems also that they communicate their grievances on this head to their old associates outside the prison walls, and that these rep or t s o f i n c r eased discomfort have a salutary effect on tne semi-criminal classes, which supply the main contingent to the convict prisons. The Governor of Woking and Broadmoor Prison, for example, reports :—" An uncomfortable prison life will deter many from returning to their old trade, and I find in prisoner's letters to their friends many allusions to the rigorous discipline to which they are now subjected." With regard to discip line, the changes introduced refer mainly to the more complete separation and classification of the prisoners in the close prisons, and the system of marks for good behaviour, and the amount of work done. In the close prisons the separate system has been rigidly carried out into all the details of prison life, including instruction, and with the best results. On this point the Governor of Pentonville reports : ---" The substitution of the cellular system of teach ing for the old method of instruction in classes early in the year has been attended with the best' results, inasmuch as it has lessened very consider ably the opportunity for communication between the prisoners, and has enabled me to mainta in & much nearer approach to the maintenance of sepa rate confinement in its integrity." The system h aj j • also been attended with imp rovemen t i n the gener a l conduct of the prisoners. The change in discipline which seems, however, to have had the most stab- - ing and salutary effect is the introduction and r i r a i rous carrying out of the m ar k s y s t em . The Par' remission of the prisoners' sent ences , i n other word s the granting of tickets-of-leave depends on t he number of marks gained, an d the number e' marks depends on the convict's good behaviour, and the amount of work he has done. This sup' plies a strong incentive to good conduct and tac tive labour, and the res u lt s are ap p ar ent in official reports of the governors of the differen t convict prisons. The Governor of Portland Prison' for example, reports—" The mark system has bee n successfully carried out, and is thoroughly aPl 3l l 6 ‘ ciated by the industrious and well-conducted FA: • soners, of which class there is a large number am this prison. All the work executed by the prison ers has been carefully measured by the instructing warders, and has tended to create a spirit of oat lation amongst the convicts, the parties vicing with each other for the credit of having performed, LP! largest amount of work." Th e G overnor of Welu"E' Prison in the same way reports—" The mark 03 1 . - tem operates well. Prisoners are aware of then' exact standing, and I may almost say of the precise consequences of violation of rule." The mark sr!' tem has, in fact, very much reorganised the whole scheme of convict discipline, a n d pl ace d it on A f ar better footing than heretofore. I n particular, 1 t effectually removes the capricious and unsatisfactory conditions on which tickets-of-leave used to be granted. It destroys the chance of favour allZ partiality being shown in the treatment of prisonen 4 and this in itself tends to produce a spirit of 0 00 ," tentment amongst them. The Governors accord' ingly note that the good effect of treatment accora; ing to fixed rules without favo u r or affection, an without undue harshness, is seen in the prevalence of a contented spirit. On the whole, the facts ad duced in the special reports of the Governors of th e . different prisons justify the summing up of tin directors in their General Report :—" The state ca the prisons is, we think, now satisfactory ; the col" victs are certainly worked hard, and the dietary, is no more than the most rigid medi ca l inveatigatie' justifies us in granting. Every infraction of line, especially of violence to officers, and tram'''. jug, which at one time was very rife, has bees promptly punished ; and, on the other hand, If s tendency of all the regulations is to encourage t' convicts to industry and good conduct." COUNTRY MARKETS. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE—TUESDAY. - f At our market to-day there was a moderate supply. ° wheat from the growers, with a fair coasting and forelq arrival. New wheat brought fully the improvemen,t Saturday, and old made 6d to is per qr. more money. „ h e trade, however, was not so brisk. The advance on 1 1, week is fully 3s per qr. on both old and new. B a rk*" ri A: scarc3, and 6d higher. Malt is firm. Beans and 13 ,0 - 5 11 2 s changed. Oats are the turn dearer. Flour has risen per sack. MONMOUTHSHIRE—TUESDAY. The markets have been a little more animated than 0 1 were, with a better attendance and a fair supply of 10'1" principally new. Business on the whole ruled modern good, more especially in wheat, which fully realized Cr; rent quotations. There were no parcels of malting bar' ° ‘ on offer, but for grinding qualities there was a firm tra at late rates. Foreign and English beans were in request, and a tolerably fair business was done for 0 4 money. A seasonable supply of oats, and the late advan ce " prices wore maintained. Tho following are the average quotations:—Whea t i ,r e r, 5s 6d to 6s Od per bushel ; white, 5s 9d to Gs 3d ; id c ed: 4s Gd to 5s Od ; malting barley, —s to —s per qr ; 2uP , ing ditto, 30s to 32s Gd; beans, 44s ; white oats, 25s to black ditto, 24s 9d to 25s 6d. MELTON MOWBRAY.—TUESDAY. of With a limited supply, wheat sold at an advance nearly 4s per qr. Barley met a fair demand, at is to 2e Other kinds of grain at fully late rates. +One. White wheat, 50s to 58s ; red, 45s to 53s per 3 6 S '",r Barley for malting, 38s to 42s per qr ; feed, 31s to 355 . 30 stone. Oats, old, 30s to 335; new, 22s to 30s per „1-4 Beans, old, 48s to Us; new, 45s to 48s per qr. SALISBURY.—TUESDAY. The attendance at market this morning was more - merous than last week. Very little old wheat was sheer' and but a moderate supply of new. An advance of fra .o 3s to 4s per qr. was established for samples of whea t j o good condition. In barley, too, the rise asked was fr o t 4s to 5s per qr. above the prices of the previous week, u' e buyers operated very cautiously, the actual business doDa being limited. Oats at previous currencies. Beans 3n aO .. peas were the turn in favour of the seller. Flour a rate inquiry. oat The following- are the quotations :—Wheat realised -- f r,,s; 48s to 60s ; barley, 35s to 465; bats, 24s to 32s ; hearts, 'e s to 545; and peas, 42s to 508 per qr. Tares, b oin 6s t ° , 2 6d per bushel ; Best bread, 13d ; househ o ld ditto, 1. per 81b loaf. Flour, 39s to 48s per sack. HULL.—T UESDAY. The wheat trade during the past week has, in this d i i,, S ; trict, been very much excited, and where private S` en have taken place it has been at a considerable advanc e last week's prices. Transactions have been confined Pr"; cipally to dry old English. At our market to -day th, e , f was a fair show of wheat, for which farmers asked high prices, and the sales made are at an advance of fn 4s per qr. n pt. English white wheat, 54s to 58s; red, 54s to 58s i —3 O ; sic and Konigsberg, 40s to 60s ; Baltic red, 46s to 5 4 5. Danish and Hamburg, 46s to 50s ; Russian, 48s to T , Barley, English, —s to —s; grinding, Ilediterrsocan-' 31s to 31s 6d. Oats, new English, 27s to 28s • Bu ssi i4 26s to 275. Beans, old English, 50s to 51s; foreioLite, to 475. Peas, English blue, 40s to 41s Od ; foreign 38s to 40s; grinding, 36s to 37s Od per qr. COAL MARKET. Price per ton at the close of the market. s. d. s • 6 Walls End Hetton 22 0 Pensher Primrose g 0 South Hetton Lambert's W.Hartloy 18 0 -- Ships at market, 22—sold, 9. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. 9. Australia and New Zealand, via Southampton -eP t. 1 i s. Ditto, via Marseilles Sept' t. 4 ' Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet ...... .. • • - Ditto, by French packet Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena SeP l- 19 . China, Penang, and Sint, apore, via Southampton SeP t 1 3. Ditto, via Marseilles Se P l' Falkland Islands Sept- - Gibraltar, via Southampton India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton SeP l '. l 3 9. Ditto, via Marseilles • India (Bombay), via Southampton. Sept . Ditto, via harseilles s e pt. 12, Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampt on SeP* 3 . Ditto, via Marseilles Sep t"" ,9 &auritius, via Southampton Ditto, via Marseilles ••• ... :cepPt.t" Newfoundland Portugal Ditto, by private ship to Lisbon United States and British North America, 4 : 2 o. tish packet ... Sep t " Ditto, by United States packet, via Southamp ton ..... Ditto, via Cork t. 14 ' Ditto, by Canadian packet, via Londonderry .•-e.o 07 . West Coact of Africa, Madeira, and T e n e riffe ....Oct" - West Indies and Pacific (except Bahamas and IS. Honduras) SeP 1, 0 Cuba and Mexico . ••••26. Bermuda, via Halifax SO 0. . flePt" Bahamas, via New York. s [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment anc l Self Help.—ln sickness it was a momentous matter t tnee tt an easy and reliable remedy for outward disfigur e or y and inward disord ers b e f ore th e i nest i ma bl e disco fo r the preparations. No invalid need now be at 6 1 :. e isot successfully managing ulcer s , sores , t umou rs, toils, re vola sprains, &c. Enveloping Holloway's medicine it s h ould intelligible printed directions for using them, wh icm lheer be attentively studied and immediately followed bl ere f' ere. f plication of his treatment. ,Sooner or later the 5 , 111 0 will assuredly triumph over the worst diseasettivoil searching ointment disperses all those maligeal 00 0 _, which aggravate many diseases of the skin, often P rae tor/ the cicatrisation of ulcers, and ever kindle infer tendencies in the system. OP" . Births. N. I I " D'AETH—On the 11th init., at Bowling, tho wifo of D'Aeth, Esq., of a son. GATES—On the 11th inst., at 43, Belgrave-road , S,"1,11.„11' the ter' wife of P. C. Gates, Esq., barrister-at-law, aa U 1 7 i v MACDONALD—On the 11th inst., at 32, Belsiz e- P ar wife of "C. C. Macdonald, Esq., of a daughter. viols WEBBER—On the 10th inst at Woodville Ilouse, heath, the Hon. Mrs. Charl ' es Webber, of a sou. Marriages. roc"' BLACKWOOD- -lIARRIS—On the 11th inst., at S t ' Edi ti r Church, Euston-road, Wm. Blackwood, Esq., al t ,ter s burgh, to Catherine Collins Harris, fourth claug" the late Wm. G. Harris, Esq., of Sla,rylebone. arip WARLOW —TEMPLE— On the 11th inst., at the PSLO church, Ramsey, John Picton WarloW, 31adllir Corps, to Eleanor, youngest daughter of the la° T. Temple, Bart.. Deaths. rod/ CARTER—On the 10th inst. at at Clifton Lodge , Abbe/ - N.W., Mrs. Elizabeth Carter, aged 84. , i' ,,, s toat CLAXTON— On the 10th inst., at Hoxton, Richard `-' Edq., aged 63. 0 f Dar ds ; HARROP —On the 9th inst., Jonah frarrop, Es. , t f° - ley House, Ashton-under-Lyne, Deputy - L ie L aged . - LODGE ancashire, On the 9th 67 inst , at Beudorf, Cob lenco, il• Lc:l6l"' Esq., of Liverpool, aged 41 98 g14 London : Printed and Published by W Wiz. LIAM A- N 11 of No. 112, Strand, Punter, at Via. Sox ode , C of Strand, in the Preoinet of the Savoy, in the OD Middleie&—Thursday, September 13, lee. Q .NI-1 ' of • t krl tti „ , ''VA.Nrs Afi' 4l ent th ti , er the TI e, 811 S pleb. It i . ut Pri ze bm o Pure, Nd • • by tho u* not Wh oleB4 ll o g , e tn 4 'LVI —r ve .44al itaw IVVITITA Is ' (Inc p ro , 1 1 _ 1 , 1 13t A I) b , l, l ,fo rt rr , i li r i :i i T, C°IJINIT] a r P li l lslE S•9 rpon t keulars at th e A - kueri 'zzir-et I °ll X Wi d e ol 3'l' tb ' f , e Tba b'e . it A bfa TR NI the e ' sn pply c t ar 3 , ta L r !_use 4•44ce5, fl 1, I T - ‘7de p ; b_Guard 3, Tanslo i v a4 lo n is to i 6. nt igittoi ?. 8 1 ,,a 3, (1hu Meld r ill''Parate • olilhoned ti ered. IP ot ,„ of ktriltract bi B et aadr, triet or th rb3e i,k , ' and th ßi Ztied, 2 0th ' c eonute 0 0 XTI Ttxr DET PRD A tt ands ent 04 er• le n the kunder 7 1 , S -.re e , e t 's th au e ° p, iy. a ca n t . e deli` rac f~ a ti v ll d or of 'e to ' it, (1.4 *lll7l ri l n Ilttittfc io a n v e ~atttlbstitu b a ,, 1 7 cons la -4 Rae d Rt d ay of t llortna o het n t oe4 on Lt he~iouti 4P' l, no , 1 3% o 'Niers r St 0 ..,.....,.,...___:4111113, PNITED • ii k , 4 , l 'l v ri E the r li n to orts the ellte of th Coni