The Sun. — London, England, 1848-12-20 00:00:00

Now ready, In 2 vole. post Bvo., NECDOTES of the ARISTOCRACY. _k. By J. BERNARD BURKE, Esq. Author of The History of the Landed Gentry," " The Peerage and Baronetage," &c. denry Celburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. On Saturday, December 23, in 2 vols. small Bvo., AM SLICK'S NEW WORK, THE OLD JUDGE ; Or, Life in a Colony. : By the Author of "Sam Slick, the Clockmaker," &c. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. On Friday next, in crown Bve., with numerous Comic Illustrations, price lb. bound, ARTIN TOUTROND; ~11 1 „ A FRENCHMAN In LONDON in 1831. • From an Unpublished French Manuscript. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. THEATRE ROYAL, HA YMARK E , Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager. Old Brompton. The public is respectfully informed that this Theatre has, during the recess, undergone very extensive repairs load alterations and the whole re -decorated. THIS EVENING. Will be performed the Comely of TWELFTH NIGHT. Viola, Mrs. Charles Bean. After which, a new Farce, entitled YOUR LIFE'S IN DANGER To conclude with HIS LAST LEGS. O'Callaghan, kr. Hudson THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Under the direction of 'Madame Celeste. During the Recess this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the original designs by Digby Wyatt, Esq., executed by Mr. Sang. A new Stage, Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved sys tem of Ventilation, &c., &c. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs added to the Seats, and Stalls rendered more comfortable. THIS EVENING Will be performed a new Drama, founded on Mr. Dickens's Christ mas Book, entitled THE HAUNTED-MAN. Mr. Redlaw, Mr. Hughes: the Phantom, Mr. 0. Smith ; A. Tetterby and Co., Mr. Wright ; the Boy, Miss E. Chaplin ; Willy, Miss Woolgar ; Mrs. Tet terby, Mrs. F. Matthews. To be followed by TIIE ENCHANTED ISLE. Alonzo, Mr. Paul Bedford; Prospero, Mr. 0. Smith ; ArieL Madame Celeste. To conclude with a new Farce called SLASHER AND CRASHER. Mr. Slasher, Mr. Wright ; Mr. Crasher, Mr. Paul Bedford. PRINCESS'S THEATO,E. Mr. J. M. Maddox, Sole Lessee and Manager. During the Recess this Theatre has been re-decorated and embel lished in a superb and costly manner ty Mr llursitz. A new Chan delier has been fitted, and the best arrant( ments have been made for the due Ventilation of the Theatre, and the couo.ort and convenience of the audience. THIS EVENING, win - be performed a new Ballad Opera, entitled ROBIN GOOD FELLOW. After which, A CUTLET FOR TWO. To be followed by a New DIVERTISSEMENT. To conclude with the Farce, entitled HIS FIRST PECCADILLO. ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. DIIMBOLTON'S SERENADERS. This celebrated Troupe, whose performances have excited univer sal admiration throughout the United States, will repeat a short Series of their popular ETHIOPIAN ENTERTAINMENT at the above Theatre on FRIDAY EVENING. The Programme will include a variety of original Songs, Glees, Ike., entirely new to this country. Doors open at Eight. Day Performance commences at Half-past Two. _ Boxes, 45.; Pit, 2s. Boxes and Stalls at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Li. brary, 33, Old Bond-street; and at the Box office. TO CORRESPONDENTS. No communication can be attended to unless authemi sated by the name and address of the writer. Rejected communications cannot be returned. THE WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, DECEMBER 20. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 37; Highest 45. Noon, 40, BA.RC NETER, 30.29.—W1ND N.E.; fine. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAT. Morning .. 51 min after 9 I Evening .. 24 min. after 10 90 o _ etitrall t IL- LONDON, WEDNESDAY, DECE 13 BER 20, 1848 Overtly the movement in favour of sanitary im provement has made but little advances during this year of anxiety and revolutions. In reality, how ever, the conviction has ripened in the public mind that some comprehensive measures are absolutely required for the improvement of the general health of the population, and for the diminutiOn of the na tional mortality. Everybody whose pecuniary in terests are not affected by the innovations made towards the extension of cleanliness, is ready to admit that the conduct hitherto pursued by the Government has been cruel beyond all description, and that the connivance of the multitude in this official negligence has been absolutely suicidal. The impurities of the water supplied to our great towns for consumption, the absence of all ventilation in the dwellings of the humbler portions of the community, the dreadful insufficiency of drainage, even in some of °fur most superb thoroughfares, the perniciois ingre dients poured continually into the atmosphere from the chimneys of factories, and from the poisonous exhalations reeking up from slaughter-houses, knackers'-yards, and intermural burial-grounds—all these abominations have been exposed so forcibly, and so frequently, to the eyes of the million, that they have become altogether odious and unendurable. Add to which the anxiety experienced as to the possible advent of the Asiatic Cholera, has tended to enhance the desire of the people for some wholesome and purifying acts of legislation. Compared with the agitation made during 1847 by the advocates of sanitary reform, the lull of 1848 in regard to this important question would appear to betoken a decrease in the popular solicitude. such a deduction, however, would be wholly erroneous ; for we are bold to say that the will of the multitude upon this subject is more than ever imperative. The de crees of Parliament last session are viewed as abso lutely insufficient. Something must be done, some thing shall be done in this particular, say the people : and the will of the people is the vitality of the Con stitution; it is the inspiration of the Legislature. Silent though the promoters of sanitary improve ment may have been during the last eleven months, their exertions have lay no means relaxed in activity. The Commissioners at Gwydyr House have had lit sinecure. Dr. SOUTHWOOD SMITH has not slum bered. Evidence of this has been afforded by the pamphlets which have occasionally issued from the press—pamphlets filled in almost every page with eloquence of statistics. One pamphleteer, reminding us on his title-page of the golden adage, " Salus pepuli suprema lex," has demanded the removal of the stagnant filth of the Serpentine.* Another has re vived in the most earnest language the nearly for gotten evils resulting from the continuance of the cattle market at Smithfield t While the energies of one of the most indefatigable and one of the most deserving of the originators of the move ment in favour of sanitary enactments, Mr. GEORGE ALFRED WALKER, have been directed unremittingly to the furtherance of the object of his aspirations. The name of this gentleman has become familiarised to the public from its association with the cause of -extramural interment, a cause which has been advo cated so long and so enthusiastically, out of the House of Com mons b y Mr. WALKER, and in the House of Common s by Mr. MACKINNON. The former has proved himself in this respect one of not the least of the auxiliaries of the Honourable Representative of Lymington. He has demonstrated the urgency of the evil arising from the present horrible system of burial and exhumation in the midst of the crowded thoroughfares of London, not only through poen le his printed pamphlets, but through hi ss k tures.: As an example of th e horrors disclosed in these pamphlets of Mr. WALKER, we will here pre sent merely a single extract from the one entitled " Interment and Disinterment."§ The quotation._ brief but ample—is from a production which appeared upwards of five years ago, but so long as the dese crations to which it has reference continue it cannot be regarded as after date. Here is the paragraph : " Formerly on the north side of the graNe-yard in Drury-lane, belonging to the parish of St. Martin-in the-Fields, were boarded sunk areas, giving a borrowed light and air to five houses, the property of his Grace the late Duke of Bedford. This burying-ground was originally below the surrounding level ; now it is at least five feet above the street. This elevation has been gained by packing bodies stratum super stratum, until, " The Serpentine as it is and as it ought to be, and the Board of Health as it is and as it ought to be. By Edward John Tilt, M.D." Bvo., pp. 67. Churchill, London: 1848. An admirable compilation from some of the leading articles published in the Lancet. t " An Inquiry into the present state of Smithfield Cattle Market, and the Dead Meat Markets of the Me tropolis. By John Bull." Bvo., pp. 47. Ridgway, London: 1848. A complete epitome of the arguments in favour of extra-mural abattoirs, and a conclusive de monstration of the disadvantages of Smithfield. " Lectures on the Actual Condition of the Metro politan Grave-yards. By George Alfred Walkvr, Sur geon." Four Series. Longman and Co., London: 1847. The other publications by the same author, to which , we have alluded, are all welt known, namely, " Gather ings from Grave-yards," "'The Grave-yards of London," "The Spa-fields G . olgotha," &c., &c., Sc. The revela t.sona made in these remarkable brochures must be ela seed amongst the most loathsome of all the Mysteries of L ondon. _ I §,.` Interment and Disinterment; or a further Expo sition o.f the practises pursued in the Metropolitan places of Sep u lture. By G. A. Walker." Bvo., pp. 28. Longman Qncl Co., London; 1843. long since, it has been impossible to obtain a grave without previous disturbance and mutilation. In a very recen• instance the searcher was repeatedly employed. An old inhabitant well remembers that the - areas of which I have spoken were made in self-defence—to pre vent the obstruction of light, which was gradually en croached upon—and also to hinder the coffins falling through the ground-floor windows. The above areas projected on an average three feet six inches into the grave-yard,' and were about four feet in depth. Since the removal of the boards, and the substitution of a brick wall, two feet have been gained in the entire length and height of the ground; and the areas have been sunk to a depth varying from eight to sixteen feet. Thus has a little more space been gained to deposit fresh centres of infection for the living, by the most unjustifiable dis turbance and mutilation of the dead!" While such atrocities are perpetrated in the heart of the chief city of this great and opulent empire, can the pamphleteer remain passive, or the popular representative be silent, or the journalist be unmoved ? Such would be altogether impossible. The natural sympathies of humanity would in these circum stances excite the most lethargic from their apathy. It is, consequently, with profound gratification that we record the exertions of those who are striving to aid in the great labour connected with the diminu tion of the mortality of the country. Questionable improvements are being continually made throughout the metropolis, such as those of pulling down the iron pillars of the Quadrant, or of constructing a labyrinth of arcades in the centre of Leicester-square ; the in habitants of the capital cannot rest satisfied with this, they must have better drainage and better ventila tion. The new and useful class of Street Orderlies may be to the streets of London what the shrimps are to the ocean ; but beyond thes e th ere are l ev i athan difficulties and colossal abominations which will require an immediate and permanent removal. Before the Parliament assemble on the Ist of February, 1849, it is to be hoped that the Government will have taken these matters seriously into their conside ration. If it be considered desirable that profitable em ployment should be afforded to the labouring popu lation of Ireland—that its waste lands should be reclaimed and rendered productive—that a judicious system of home colonization should be introduced, by which the active and industrious men, who are now flying by thousands from our shores, might be induced to expend their capital and their labour in their native land, the Government should forthwith decide on the measures to be adopted for that purpose. The works must be undertaken either directly by the State for the national benefit or due encouragement must be afforded to private capitalists who may be willing to embark in the speculation. The objection alluded to by Mr. WAiON in a former letter to the direct employment of labour by the Government has hitherto been suffered to prevail, and although the vast advantages that would result from such a course are manifest to the most superficial observer, no practical steps ,have been taken. An obstinate adherence to an abstract principle has contributed materially to the present wretched and pauperised condition of the country. Had the myriads employed, under the La bour-rate Act, in breaking up the roads in Ire land been sent to drain the bogs and to reclaim the mountains, many thousands of acres would ere this time have been rendered productive, and a consider able portion of the expenditure would speedily be returned to the Exchequer. At that period the doc trine that it was impolitic for the State to employ the people was necessarily disregarded; but undue weight was given to that which declared the impropriety of any interference with private property, and millions of pounds sterling were absolutely wasted that might have been saved to the nation, had a balder and more decided policy been adopted. It is too late to deplore - - the errors of that day, but surely some benefit should be derived from our dearly bought experience, and we should avoid similar mistakes, which would now indeed be wholly inexcusable. If, however, impolitic counsels must still prevail, if the " One-eyed men" can still obstruct the mea sures of Government, it is essential that the impedi ments which have hitherto prevented private capi talists from entering on the undertaking should be removed without any unnecessary delay. We have already pointed out almost insuperable diffi culties in the uncertainty as to the titles that can be given to the lands, and in the delays and expenses attendant upon their deduction so that, the mere legal expenses would swallow up almost as much as the value of the lands in their present state, and, after all, the purchaser or I 'ssee has no certainty that himself or his children will be: suffered to reap the fruits of his skill and industry. The Legislature can alone apply an adequate remedy in this respect. If, as we have already suggested, Commissioners were appointed who should be empowered to convey lands now lying waste and unpro ductive to those who would be willing to undertake their reclamation, and to covenant that within a certain period they should be brought into cultivation,'_these difficulties would be completely re moved. A perfect title would he givers at a cheap rate, which could not be excepted to, and no persons could possibly be injured thereby. Incum. brancers and remainder-men would have the same remedies against the purchase money (which might be impounded until all claims were investigated), or against the reserved head rent, that they now have against the lands themselves—and they could not reasonably require or wish for more—it would, indeed, be unjust if such per sons could obtain the benefits derivable from the enterprise of others. Mr. Wesort has pointed out another difficulty which is most undoubtedly calculated to deter capi• 'alists from entering into the project. There is, to say the least of it, a possibility that the pro duce of the lands might be absorbed in the future rates for the relief of the poor that might be assessed thereon. There could, surely, be no objection to adopt the course sug gested by that gentleman, and to bring in a law providing that the rates should only be levied on the present value of the lands. These steps must be taken before any hope can be entertained that a gene ral movement will take place in the desired direction, and before capitalists will regard the reclamation of waste lands as a prudent and beneficial mode of investment. But, in addition to those necessary enactments, there should also be a general inducement held out, and every possible encouragement afforded to the specula tor. If the first operations be profitable, if parties realise considerable sums by their speculations, many others will be stimulated by the hope of gain to enter upon the path that might lead to such pleasing results. Proverbs might be cited in almost every known lan guage as to the advantages of the first step which it is admitted generally constitutes the chief difficulty. Mr. WAsorl has stated an offer that had been made to the Government, by which, if accepted, this " first step " would have been taken, and it is hard to conceive upon what grounds the proposition could have been rejected. He states " that a party practically acquainted for years Past with the subject offered to guarantee the Govern-- m ent to th e ex t ent o f 20,0001. from any loss arising fron t the reclamation of land under his care. He re quired no salary. What he . asked for his services was, that be should have d the right of purchasing the land, when reclaimeit,fat the exact sum it had cost the Government:. were laid appears that . every point of his calculations that there could be „ms Possibleth question thereon. no before the Ministry, and Every information reach of others. It was Plainly st ate u d s ioi and distinctly, Was ooffsesrcoduld possibly placed within the rejected cted throu eh twhaesmlma retarded malign like the specification of a patent. sufficient, fficrcuiee.n The and guarantee yet itwas t might be influence that has hitherto prevailed, gand every beneficial measure by which Ireland rendered self- supporting. EXPENSES Or CORONERS' INQUESTs.—PrOM Mav to November 30th, in the present year, M r . W akie ; the Coroner for the western division of the county, held 425 inquests; the fees, mileage, and disbursements o n which amounted to 1,2171. 3s. 4d. In the same time Mr. Baker held, in the eastern division, 400 inquests, at a cost to the county of 1,3161. 17s. Bd. From May to July 31, Mr. Bedford held, in Westminster, 74 in quests, the cost of which was 2331. 16s. 7d. From March to June Mr. Biggs held, in the duchy of Lan caster, 9 inquest; at a cost of 121. ss. sd. Total cost, 2,769/.13g. TEN,LIBRARY OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY. — A case of books, addressed to the Library of the East India Company, and presented to the East India Board by the Academy of Sciences at St. Petersburgh, has ar rived in this country by the steamer Camilla, from the Russian capital, for delivery at its destination. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY_ ErENING, DECEMBER 20, 1848, THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. The following was the state of the poll for the election of President, so far as the same was known up to yesterday morning : Napoleon. Cavaignac. Votes officially verified by the Committee of the Assembly 3,483,889 ... 824,012 Votes from departments where election complete, but returns not verified Partial returns ... 1,104,747 ... 240,706 ... 1,058,660 ... 361,048 Total ••• 5,647,312 1,429,766 The following is a complete list of the new Ministry : MM. Odilon Barrot ... President of the Council and Minister of Justice. Drouyn de Lhuis ... Foreign Affairs. Leon de Malleville Interior. Hippolyte Passy ... Finances. Leon Faucher .. ... Public Works. Bixio ••• ... Commerce. General Rulieres ... War. De Tracy ... Marine. • Marshal BUGEAUD is to take the command of the army of the Alps, and General OUDINOT devotes himself entirely to his duties as member of the As sembly. It is said that the Post-office was offered to EMILE DE GIRARDIN ' but that he aimed at somethin g higher. We do not believe that the Post-office was offered to him ; we cannot imagine that any Minister would venture, after the exposures which took place in the Chamber of Deputies about twelve months since, to nominate M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN to any office of trust. M. DE TOCQUEVILLE has resigned the office of re presentative of France at the conferences on the Italian question. It is said that M. L&RABIT is likely to be Under- Secretary of War, M. CORALLI Prefect of Police, and M. BOULAY (Meurthe) Prefect of the Seine. The President, Louis NAPOLEON, has offered the Post-office to his old t u t or , M. VIELLARD, who, however, has refused the appointment. The Pattie says it is assured that the three names which M. LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE will send in to the National Assembly, for the choice of one as Vice-President of the Republic, are General BE DEAU, M. DUFAURE, and M. DE LAMARTINE. The National Assembly met on Monday at hal past two o'clock, when DI. CHARLES ROLLAND was called to the tribune. M. Rolland said, that on Saturday evening he had begged leave to put a question to the Cabinet, but in the absence of the Minister of Justice he had thought proper to postpone it until this day. Seeing now the latter in his. seat, he asked him if he had read an article of the Eniancipateur de Cambray, copied in the Gazette de France of Saturday, containing a violent attack against the National Assembly, and an incitement to hatred of the Government and the Constitution. That article stated that the Assembly had betrayed the coun try, by suffering itself to be forged by the Parisian clubs to proclaim the Republic.—(Loud murmurs.) M. Marie, Minister of Justice, replied, that after reading the articles he found it to contain two scanda lous attacks, the one against the National Assembly, which was entitled to universal respect, and the other against the principle of the Republic, which all had sworn to maintain. He had accordingly ordered legal proceedings to be directed against the editor of the Ga zette de France, and justice should be done. This incident having been dropped, M. Gent ascended the tribune, and complained of the violation of the right of meeting committed on Wedn es d a y b y a pu b l i c agent of the Gov, rnment. On that day the Parisian Electoral Central Congress was to assemble, when, at the ap pointed hour, a Commissary of Police presented himself in the hall and ordered its doors to be closed. On being asked in virtue of what law he acted, he replied that the 16th article of the law on clubs required that previous notice of the intention to open such reunions should be given to the authorities, and, that formality having been omitted, he had been sent to prevent the meeting being held. M. Gent maintained that the Congress in ques tion was of an exclusively elictoral nature, and that the authorities had no right to interfere with it. M. Dufaure, Minister of the Interior, began by declaring that the alleged violation had taken place with his assent, and by his order, and that he was con sequently answerable for it. On the 13th of De cember, that is, after the election of the Presi dent, an association, entitling itself" the "National and Electoral Congress of Republican Solida rity," was to hold a meeting in the Hall of Montesquieu. The Commissary of Police repaired thither at the appointed hour, and, in the absence of the President, he saw M. Crevot, to whom he read the 16th article of the law on clubs, which the latter did not think proper to resist. On the 28th of July last, added M. Dufaure, the Assembly, by a formal decree, recognised the right of meeting. It authorised the opening of clubs with certain restrictions, which are now inefficacious, and denied the right of the Government to interfere with preparatory electoral reunions. The clubs had become of late so violent that the Government had been obliged to close several. The factious then resolved to elude the law, and established ele c t ora l r e un i ons . Th e e l ect i on of the President approaching, the authorities confined them selves to watch their proceedings, and he declared, without fear of contradiction, that at no time and in no country was so important an election prepared with greater liberty. The Government, however, was deter mined not to allow the spectacle it had witnessed during the present month to endure after the election, and the measure he bad ordered was perfectly legal.—(Yes, yes.) M. Joly, who followed, said that this was a question of constitutional law, and contended that the clubs had a right to form themselves into electoral reunions before as well as after the election of the President. In conclu sion, he protested against the measure, of which the Mi nister had assumed the responsibility, denouncing it as a violation of the right of meeting, which had been at tended for preceding Governments with the most disas trous consequences. The incident here terminated, and the Assembly re sumed the adjourned discussion on the proposition of M. Dufournel, for clearing and planting lands hitherto un productive, which was ultimately referred to the Finance Committee. M. Lagrange next ascended the tribune, and repeated his appeal to the Assembly in favour of an amnesty. God, he said, had set it the example of clemency. God alone had effected the revolution of February, for he could not conceive how a handful of revolutionists like himself could have overturned the monarchy without Divine assistance. In conclusion he proposed that the discussion of the question should take place before the proclamation of the President of the Republic. The President asked whether any members supported that demand?—(Cries of" Yes, yes.") A number of - voics3 on the - right—" The ballot."- Agitation.) M. Lagrange declared.tbat if the ballot were resorted to, he and his friends, who would vote for the discussion of his proposition, would publish their names in the Monitenr. The President said that the Assembly would proceed to the ballot, on the proposition of the Hon. Gentleman being placed on the order of the day for to-morrow, but, before proceeding to that course, he had to announce to the Assembly, that the Committee appointed to examine the votes for the election of President of the Republic had gone through all that had reached the Assembly; there only remained the returns of twenty departments to be received. The ballot then took place, when the numbers were— For the proposition Against it Majority against it The proposition was consequently not placed on the order of the day for the next day. The reactionaries, emboldened by the success of their manoeuvres, and wishing to make of Paris a second Vienna, are now endeavouring to force on the dissolution of the National Assembly, and to procure this they will not scruple to have recourse to any means, however base. Royalist emissaries are at this moment disseminating among the ignorant peasantry the most atrocious suggestions, obscure provincial papers, under aristocratical domination, are loudly calling for the dissolution of the As sembly, and the communications with the reac tionary congress, which has been for some time past sitting in England, are more numerous than ever. We should very much like to know how many times within the last three months, M. DELESSEKT has crossed the channel. The National has the following in relation to the intrigues of the reactionaries : " The National Assembly is now in a similar posi tion to that in which the Convention was placed after having completed the constitution of An 111. A for midable movement of reaction was seen to break out at that period. All the parties which that - terrible As sembly had kept under for two years, reunited and mingled in one common mass their past terrors, their regrets, their hatreds, their ambitions, and their impa tience. Behind them }ay concealed the Royalists, who excited them, and made more noise than the whole together. The impulse given in v Paris~spread itself in the provinces ; the movements extended throughout France, and the Republic was threatened in its existence. The political sense of which the Cony( n don had given proof did not fail it at this moment, any more than in the difficult scenes through which it had had to pass. Braving with an imperturbable sang froid the storm of cries, of . pamphlets, and of invectives with which it was assailed, it decreed that the new legislative body which was to be formed in virtue of the Constitu tion should be composed of two-thirds of the old Con vention, and that one - t hi r d on l y s h ou ld b e re-e l ecte d . The result of this firm and wise decision is well known. The disappointment of the reactionists was great, and their discontent went the length of insurrection. The Convention, however, remained firm, and maintained its measure pacN ai mi w ilt ; General Bonaparte suppressed the insurrection, and the Republic was saved. A similar rt actionary movement is at present taking National o protest has to be made, it is true, against a But its dissolution is impatient l y la t r he to p t e h o a t t ,le tak oer n by the Convention, for the ssembly of 1848 has not fur a moment thought of depriving alerte sou nded partof by to accelerate that event. W® have meats are taken called for, and every . sovereignty. Legitimists; already spoken of the the e e now a journal known as representing the most ardent fraction of the Conservative party, sounds in its turn its trumpet. It may be seen that both • the white and the tricolor Royalists play the same game.” After summing up the arguments which are used by the journals who have lately expressed themselves in favour of the immediate dissolution of the National Assembly, and dwelling more immediately on the hypothesis which has been raised by them, that in the present chamber the new President will find him self in presence of a hostile boOy, the National pro ceeds : " This hypothesis contains nothing of probability. Does Al. Bonaparte find that the country has not suffi ciently recompensed the services he has rendered it? Does he find the Presidential chair so confined that lie wishes to exchange it for a throne? Does he secretly entertain the design of trampling under foot that con stitution which has made him what he is; that consti tution to which he has sworn fidelity? Has he resolved —he who has rrs yet done nothing for th e coun t ry , t o make his debut in his political career by perjury, usur pation, and crime? It is not for us to reply t o th ese questions. It is for his partisans and for himself to do so since his honour is deeply concerned in it. If he should seek one day to realise these suppositions, the hope of some and the dread of others, then he will doubt less have to combat the opposition of the Assembly, and we sincerely hope that he would be vanquished. If such is the arriare pensee of those who call for the dissolution of the Assembly it will show still more clearly that it would be dangerous for it to desert its post. " We, therefore, call on it in the name of what it holds most dear; in the name of the liberty which it has organized—of the Republic which it has founded—of the repose and of the future of France, to turn a deaf ear to all the clamours raised a?,ainst it, and strong in its incontestable right to valiantly accomplish its duty, however painful it may appear. The maintenance of our institutions, the continuance of public tranquillity, the re-establishment of public confidence, the revival of credit, and the happiness and strength of the country, depend on its so doing. If it yields everything will be lost. It is only by completing its work that the future fate of France will be secured." Considerable alarm was felt in Paris yesterday, in consequence of the discovery of a plot to create a disturbance on the installation of the new President. The plan proposed by the perturbators is not very well known, but it is believed to be this :—A proces sion is to be formed on the morning of the installa tion, which, after rendezvousing in the Place de la Bastille, is to proceed along the Boulevards and the Rue de la Pay to the Place Vendome, where Prince Louis NAPOLEON resides; and there he is to be saluted with cries of " Vive Louis Napoleon!" " Vive l'Empereur !" Should the affair succeed so far, further demonstrations are to be made against the Republic. The BONAPARTE family deny all knowletlge of it, and are using all their efforts to prevent its taking place. They say it is a weak invention of the enemy—a thing got up by the Red Republicans, as the nucleus of a fresh insurrec• tion ; and they accordingly beseech all those who favoured their cause to discourage any such demonstration by every means in their power. That the Red Republicans may be implicated in the plot we can readily believe. Starving men are al ways ready to join in any act of violence, as every change in their condition must be for the better, but that they are the concoctors of the plot we do not for one moment imagine. The originators of this plot, the men who supply the money, the plans, the arms, are, those who supplied the money, the plans, the arms, in June—the Bourbonists—(an arrangement was entered into about a month since between Louts PHILIPPE and the sister of the Duc DE BORDEAUX, for the settlement of the claims of the rival branches)—who, having made use of what M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN calls the planche Napolio nienne, would now fain kick it away. The danger to LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, President of the French Republic, threatens from the right, not from the left—from the Bourbons whom his uncle sup planted, not from the Republic, of whom he was the incarnation. BARBES has addressed the following letter to the editor of La Revolution Democratique and Sociale:— " Dungeon of Vincennes, Dec. 12, 1848. " Citizen Editor —It appears that my name figure s also on those famous lists of national recompenses, of which so much has been said within the last few days. I feel no annoyance or anger against the authors of tho:e papers for having placed me in company with those who have been called assassins and thieves. The widow and childre❑ of Pepin, the relations of the heroic Alibaud and of Darrcas, carry with them no stain, the contact with which can soil a Republican, and I do not know that any one has made it a crime to Athens to have adopted and supported, at the expense of the State, the families of Ilurmodious and Aristogiton. " Neither does my modesty revolt,against being placed by the sideof certain other pretended malefactors such as, for instance, Mailon, that unfortunate proletaire, who, be fore being condemned to the gullies for having fought in the days of May, 1839, had been subjected to a preceding condemnation of five years of reclusion, for having taken from the ruins of a house, of which he was digging the foundations, some bits of old iron, estimated (the Procu reur-General admitted it to the Court of Peers)at lf. 25e. "To fire musket shots against tyrants, and to suffer afterwards martyrdom in a prison, are as powerful, I imagine, in absolving from all anterior faults, as to:be lieve in the mission of a friend of humanity, who dies of the same punishment as you on the cross, and Jesus, for that sole fact, has given place to the good thief in that republic from above, which he calls the Kingdom of his Father. "But, in reality, if I have done my duty as a citizen in the struggles of my country, against a Government which oppressed and degraded it, it was never for the sake of a recompense ; and as the acceptance of pecuniary succour would be to commit a theft to the prejudice of so many other unhappy ex detenus K ho have more need of it than I have, I decl are , c i t i zen edi tor, that it is against my wish, and without my being in formed of it, that my name was placed on those lists. " Salut et fraternitik "A BARBES." The Moniteur publishes decrees appointing Admiral BAUDIN a Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour. It also publishes a decree promoting 8 commanders in the navy to the rank of post-captains, 15 lieutenants to the rank of captains of frigates, and 33 ensigns to the rank of lieutenants. It is doubtful whether the examination of the votes for the Presidential election will be completed on Thursday. Should lit not „be so, the installation of the President will be deferred. In the National Assembly yesterday, after the reading of the minutes of the previous sitting, M. LAGRANGE mounted the tribune on a motion of order. He protested again against the mode in which the question of the amnesty had been put on the previous day, and denied that he had had any intention of in timidating any person. He then referred to the po sition of the insurgents who had been transported, and said that they had been condemned en masse, without trial, and without examination. He therefore called on the Assembly to declare a complete amnesty before the proclamation of the President of the Re public. M. GIIIGNIER DE CHAMPSANS opposed the motion, and M. DE LAROCHEJACQUELIN moved the order of the day, which was ultimately agreed to. After the motion of M. LAGRANGE on the subject of the amnesty had been rejected, M. MAaaAsT announced that the Committee ap pointed to examine the electoral returns for the Presi dency of the Republic bad received on that day the returns of eight other departments including Corsica. The Committee would probably be able to appoint its reporter on Wednesday or Thursday, but it was not yet possible to fix a day for the proclamation of the President. A. Member here observed that he had every confi dence in the Government which so loyally accom plished its mission, but he was afraid that it did not possess the 4oral power necessary to discharge its duties with effect.—(Murmurs.) He accordingly called on the President of the Assembly to state what measures had been adopted for the maintenance of tranquillity. M. .MARRAST replied, that the good sense exhi bited by the population was a sufficient guarantee of the maintenance of order, and that no tim e s h ou ld be lost in p roc l a i m i ng the first Magistrate of the Republic. publicans had determined to get up a disturbance on the day of the installation of the Pzesident. No less than 115,000 f. Five per Cent. Rentes, and 1.5,000 f. Routes a the Loan, were discounted, but without arresting the downward tendency of the market. For the Account the Frencii Five per Cents, have fallen no less than 3 per cent. Bons du Tresor are cot quoted. Exchange on London (30 days) 25f. 30c. Railway Shares remained pretty steady, notwithstanding the fall in the Rentes. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TEE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, DEC. 19. Boulogne and Amiens, B—Luxembourg (10/.), Northern of Franee, —Orleans and Bordeaux, 3—Paris and Lyons (101.), s—Paris and Rouen, 19 , ,i—Paris and Strasbourg, 3—Rouen and Havre, WA—Tours and Nantes, '2. SPAIN. Madrid journals of the 14Th have been received. The unfortunate Queen ISABELLA is again a cap tive in her own Palace. On the 13th NARVAEZ and CHRISTINA were at the Palace. The Ministers had tendered their resignations, which ISABELLA had ac cepted, but NARVAEZ and CHRISTINA coerced her into withdrawing her acceptance of them, and compelled her to banish her own private friends from the Palace. Queen ISABELLA herself would, we should imagine, be among the first who would rejoice to see the Count DE MONTEMOLIN in Madrid, as his accession would secure to her personal liberty, which she has never yet been permitted to enjoy. MADRID BOLSA, DEC. 14.—The Three per Cents. done at 20i cash, and were buyers, 11-16 sellers, after the close ; Five per Cents., 9-I f buyers, 10 sellers; Coupons, si. buyers; Passive Debt, 3 buyers, sellers. GEHMAN•Y AND THE NORTHERN STATES. FRANKFORT. - In the German Parliament, on the 16th, the ques tion of the commercial unity of Germany was dis cussed. The Assembly rejected, by a majority of 202 against 171, the proposition of the minority of the Commission to draw up a formal law on the sub ject, and it adopted the conclusions of the majority, to leave it to the care of the Minister of Commerce to conclude treaties, regulate navigation laws, cus toms duties, railway traffic, &c., with the reserve of the ratification of the Assembly, and its right of initiative. Two proposals were rejected. The one was to abolish all the custom-houses in the interior of Ger many (Austria excepted), from the Ist of May next ; the other was to open negotiations with Austria and Prussia for the establishment of an universal customs union for Germany. After the discussion, M. BESELER read the follow ing communication from the Administrator of the Empire : " I request you to announce to the National Assembly that M. de Schmerling, Minister of the Empire i❑ the department of Home and Foreign Affairs ; and N. Wurth, Under-Secretary of State in the Home-office, have placed their resignation in my hands, which has been accepted. " Signed by Archduke Jourt, and countersigned by M. DE PEUCKER, Minister of War." M. VON GAGE/IN then ascended the tribune and spoke as follows : " I have to make a declaration to the Assembly re specting the actual situation of the Ministry of the Em • pare. In consequence of the programme presented by the Austrian Cabinet on the 27th November to the Con stituent Assembly of Austria, the Ministry of the Em pire has found it necessary to regulate the position of the Central Power towards Austria—to place it on a basis suited to existing circumstances. The Minister Schmerling declared that, in his capacity of an Aus trian, he could not take a hand in this question. The Ministry of the Empire resolved to propose to Archduke John to invite me to his councils. Thus matters stood when the first overtures were made to me by M. de Schmerling. "I replied, that for the moment I could not enter into the Ministry to direct the relations with Austria, be cause, pending the discussion of the bases of our future union with Austria, my opinio❑ was with the minority of the Assembly. But if, in consequence of the pro gramme of the Cabinet of Olmutz, and the reception it met with from the Diet at Kremsier, end, as it ap pears, from the great majority of the Austro-German provinces —the opinion of the Assembly on the rela tions to be established between Austria and the rest of Germany should undergo a change, I should feel it an honour to be called upon by the Archduke to give my support to men who had merited the highest praise, and whose acts have obtained general approbation. " But since then the situation of affairs has changed. MM. Schmerling and Wurth, to my great regret, have thought fit to tender their resignation. The other members of the Ministry were of opinion that before the Cabinet was re-constructed it would be impossible for them to submit any important measure to the Assembly. Yesterday I was called to the presence of the Archduke Administrator of the Empire, and I felt it my duty to accept of the commission proposed to me to complete the Ministry. Up to this hour I have not yet succeeded in doing so, and in making this preliminary communication of the state of things to the Assembly, I beg of you, in the name of the Ministry, to excuse the circumstance that some of the interpellations made yesterd❑y have re mained unanswered. "At the same time, I have the honour to announce that from this day I feel myself obliged to renounce the functions of President, with which this high Assembly had honoured me. Gentlemen, it is not ambition that induced me to accept of a mission of such importance. All the ambition I possessed was amply satisfied in this Assembly, which elevated me to the most honourable post a citizen may aspire to. lam also far from pos sessing an exaggerated opinion of my own powers. I count essentially upon the support of the Administrator of the Empire and of this Assembly, as also on the con tinuation of that confidence you have manifested to wards me, and which I shall endeavour to preserve." The honourable gentleman sat down amidst loud applause, and on leaving the tribune many of the Members advanced and shook him warmly by the hand. M. BIEDERMANN, one of the secretaries, then read a proposition presented by various Members, tending to authorise the Central Power to open negotiations with Austria, so as to regulate its position towards Germany. It was referred to a Committee ; after which the House adjourned. The Hanoverian Envoy bas returned to Berlin, re port says to protest, in the name of his Sovereign, against the King of PRusslA's accepting the impe rial Crown. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, DEC. 14.—The Imperial troops are re ceived as deliverers by the northern counties. The cities of Kaschan and Esseries are already occupied by them. Presburg is to be attacked to-morrow. It appears certain that it will offer no resistance, but surrender unconditionally. _ _ Prince WINDISCHGRATZ has quitted Vienna to join the army operation. 'The Breslau Zeitung states that the Russians, with three battalions of infantsy, a division of Cossacks, and 18 pieces of artillery, entered Transylvania, and oc• cupied the important fortreis of Kronstadt. It state, that the Austrian troops have taken Neusiedl and Parendorf, but have been expelled with considerable loss by the Hungarians from the trenches of Virtser, which they had stormed. The Wiener Zeitung is not permitted to insert any accounts respecting the state of things on the frontiers. The ex-Emperor FERDINAND has been refused permission to visit Vienna by the new EMPEROR. SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. Accounts from Hadersleben state that fresh riots have taken place there. One of the dragoons was attacked by a number of armed peasants. The alarm was rung, and in the fight which ensued a subaltern was severely wounded by several shots. The people fired upon the soldiers from the windows of the sur rounding houses, and from behind the hedges. After some time the rioters were dispersed. Colonel DE VERNON, Commander of the Republican Guard of Paris, has addressed the following order of the day to the men under his orders " '• Paris, Dec. 16, 1848. Republican Guards,—We are approaching the worst days of Winter; distress, rendered more severe by the want of employment amongst tradesmen and manufac turers, creates sufferings the more intense as they are Is d pea i a s ltdm t h r i i e ee s ras s st, tln y hi ern s v c o o otue v mr e t r h i discoveringd a e and t e c s o e n f s o your i ng the o a r b j t c w t s h . the more con cea l ed. It is your duty to anticipate such is fa e o n f t. t h l e t m a d i ci s f r o e r s t s u e o s e i s ts o e f l f y t o o o ry broths h s L m s whose echo You will not, I trust, be insensible to them, for I know your generosity, which is equal to your courage. Make a collection amongst yourselves, and devote a tenth of your pay to charity. Invite beneficence to the thresh hold of your barracks. Open an asylum in your quarters, GRAND DUCHY OF HESSE where untortunate operatives, without work and without resources, may fi n d shelter against the severity of cold, DARMSTADT. and against the anguish of hunger." A very favourable impression has been produced The National confirms the statement (which ap- throughout the whole country by the energetic con peered exclusively since), that G enera l ZARCO DEL VALLE, the Spanish aristocracy of a portion of our cavalry officers in the in The Sun m o r e th an a month duct of the Grand D u k e t owar d s t h e re-actionor3 Envoy, had failed in obtaining the recognition of Lehrbach-Wittgenstein affair. The present Minister Queen ISABELLA by the Emperor of RUSSIA. ZARCO of War, Count LEHRBACH, a very liberal -minded DEL VALLE left St. Petersburgh on the 17th. man, of the new system, has been obnoxious ever A rumour having been circulated, and even ap- since his appointment to Prince WITTGENSTEIN the peered in some of the public journals, that the bank- soul of the ancient Court party, and his adherents, ing-house of Farrore Laffitte, No. 1, Rue Laffiitte, in and their constant aim has been the expulsion of the Paris, had discontinued business, and was winding Minister. up its concerns, we are fully authorised to state that A very harmless speech which the Count made at such is not the case, and that it never was in con temp- the National Union at Darmstadt, of which he is a lation to do so. On the contrary, it appears that member, afforded a pretence to some of the officers of the firm is widely extending its concerns, as from the the Garde de Chevaux Legers, headed by their chief, numerous failures this year, not only in Paris but in Prince WITTGENSTEIN, to maize a protest against every part of France and the continent of Europe, the him, and to demand his dismissal. Nearly all the numerous clients of those firms which have failed, infantry officers, however, took part with the Minister have had recourse to the firm of Farrore Laffitte, of War. The Grand Duke summoned the cavalry which had only sustained a temporary diminution of i officers, and declared to them that he considered it business at a period when half the monied men in an honour to serve with Count LEHRBACSI, and who- Europe were in difficulties. ever did no t w i s h t o d o so might immediately tender BOURSE—Panis, TH.'SDA.Y, DEC. 19. his resignati on —th at t h e ranks of the subaltern, THREE o'CLocK.—There was a complete panic at the i would instantly su p p l y an a d equate number of able Bourse to-day. The cause of this sudd e n revulsion officers. This was not all ; the former all-powerful was a report, very currently believed, ,that the Red Re- Prince WITTGENSTEIN received his dismissal Great preparations are being made at Copenhagen for shipping a large body of military to Jutland and Alsen. At Odenser the 6th battalion had received command to recall all the men and officers who were absent on furlough, and to be in marching order. At Nyborg orders had been received from the General in command to recal the men and officer:, absent on furlough, in the 3d Jager battalion. The decision of General VON BONIN, whether he and all the Prussian officers shall quit the Schleswig-Hol stein army is not known. It is, of course, as much desired by the Danes as it is apprehended by the Schleswig- Holsteiners. Hamburgh Borsenhalle, Dec. 16. The new Grand Duke, by hberfaity and energy, is gaining the rffecVon of :dl. Due praise tnu:.t als o le given to the eleer• , :lit- d ex.Ttion of ti - a 2 Minister VON JAR EP. The anoorirg ,pring of the Darm stadt Government is, how , ;(•r, the Preside:A GA GERN, now at Fr.lnkfort; no ping of importance is clone without his advice. The Mayence agitators, who are everywhere sowing the seeds of discord and anarchy, do not meet with much success All begin to see clearly that the only aim of these men is anarchy and devastation. PRUSSIA. The following is the answer of General WRANGEL to the petition of the proprietors of the Zeitungshalle, praying for the removal of the suspension of its pub lication : " The reasons stated in your request of the 12th are not such as to permit me to recal the renewed prohibi tion of the puLlication of the Zatungshalle during the existence of the state of siege. It was your duty to observe those limitations which it became necessary from the circumstances of the time to prescribe, to the freedom of the press, and by observing it to secure the interests and existence of your work men. In what manner you have kept your given pro mise that facts and events only should be published in the journal' is proved by the letter of the Lite Deputy Jung, printed in No. 265—a letter intended to present the re-establishment of public order, and to destroy the returning feeling of confidence in the Government. " It rested with you to insure the continued existence of your journal, and with it the occupation your printers. You could he.ve effected both; but you have violated your promise and forfeited the confidence re posed in you. On yourself therefore falls the whole responsibility. " VON WRANGEL. ITALY. Letters from Rome of the 11th say that a Pro visional Government has been proclaimed. It is composed of the senators for Rome and for Bologna, and of the Gonfalonier of Ancona. The POPE has been declared as deprived of all temporal power. The Minister STERBINI has addressed the people; he said that the POPE alone, under the title of Bishop, would have the right to enter Rome, but that all the cardinals and prelates would be strictly prohibited from entering the city. The people, in their enthu siasm, ran about the streets, crying "Death to the POPE," "Death to the Cardinals." GARIBALDI has been called to Rome by the Ministry. From Bologna we learn that, on the 7th instant, General Zuccni and the Marquis CARLO BEVILACQUA received their nomination as members of the Pro visional Government, instituted by the POPE, at Gaeta, November 27. The Prolegate of Bologna has published a letter from them addressed to him on the subject, in which they state, they consider they should fail in their duty were they to refuse their assistance to his Holiness, and that they accept the office, and will repair to Gaeta to consult their SOVE REIGN, in order to effect an arrangement for the good of the country on the basis of Italian nationality. Mag. RICCI DE lAIACERATA, another of the commis sioners, has also, it is said, accepted the office. Gene ral Zuccni and Mug. BEWILACQUA left on the 9th for Gaeta. On the 13th General Zuccni arrived at Speziza. He sent immediat2ly for the Roman Consul, and inquired if he could remain with safety at Speziza. The Consul told him that he could. The Alba, of Florence, states that the commission of five members, named by the Chambers of Rome on the Bth, were to wait upon Cardinal CASTRA CANE, who was invested with the Papal Alter Ego. The people, however, were dissatisfied with this mea sure, and cried, " Down with the Chambers ! We want a Provisional Government !—a popular Go vernment !" Several influential persons however in terposed, and Minister STERBINI, having gone to the Popular Club, expressed his approval of the measure adopted by the commission, so that tranquillity was at last restored. After the commission had had a conference with Cardi:,al CASTRACANE, the latter immediately dispatched a courier to Gaeta. It ears that the Roman Ministry intend naming GA RIBALDI General in-Chief of the Papal forces in the Legations. The city of Florence was the scene of a disturb ance on the evening of the 12th, on account of two persons who had proffered seditious cries against the Ministry. A crowd assembled, and the two indi viduals were ill-treated, and even in danger of a worse fate, when Minister GUERRAZZI, who was for tunately passing that way, interposed in their behalf, and recommended the people to be calm. M. Nico- Lim, a Roman, then harangued the crowd in the same sense, and order was restored. The National Guard had been called out, but its services were not re quired. The National Savoisien gives the following defini tive constitution of the Cabinet of Turin : Gioberti—President of the Council, without a portfolio. Sines—Justice. Ratazzi—lnterior. Ricci—Finance. Montezimolo—Public Works. Durini or Paleocapa—Agriculture and Commerce I3ixio—Public Instruction. La Marmora retains the portfolio of War and Marine. On the 13th Genoa was again irk, a state of agita tion. The troops station( d at the Ducal Palace began to cry " War or home 1" The people cheered them. More troops were ordered to the spot by the authorities, but they evidently sided with the people. The cheers continued, and were responded to by the troops. The Civic Guard refused to act unless the troops were withdrawn ; the authorities complied, and order was restored. The people of Avenza, near Carrara, called on to declare if they would prefer to be united with Pied mont or Tuscany, have declared in favour of the latter. In the sitting of the Chamber of Turin, on the 14th instant, the law for the reunion of the Duchies of Placentia, Parma, Modena, Guastalla, and Reggio to Piedmont, was adopted. The Milan Gazette, of the 13th instant, announces that the state of siege had 'been removed without any restriction, and that ten individuals on their trial before the Council of War had been rektored to liberty. COURT CIRCULAR. OSBOR NE, TUESDAY. Her Majesty the Queen and the Prince Albert took their usual early walk in the grounds of Osborne. His Royal Highness the Prince Albert, attended by Colonel Bouverie and Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. C. Phipps, embarked on board the Fairy, at about ten o'clock y es t er d ay, an d proceeded to Spithead; where his Royal Hi g h ness m i nutely inspected a catamaran, invented by Mr. Hely. This gentleman had come out of Portsmouth in the catamaran, encountering a very heavy swell,'and upon the Fairy stopping, came alongside of the yacht. After explaining the construc tion of his invention, Mr. Hely directed sail to be set, and the Fairy proceeded to Portsmouth. His Royal Highness having directed the standard not to be hoisted, no s al u t es were fir e d. Th e Prince Albert went en b oar d th e E xce ll en t, and minutely examined the system of tuition pursued on board that vessel. His Royal Highness visited the classes of naval cadets, marine cadets, and the schools for sea men and boys. The practice with the large guns and mortars was afterward s s h own by C a pt a i n Ch a d s , which was most successful, the balls frequently passing through the targets. All the different exercises with great guns, small arms, boarding, and resisting boarders, were executed in a manner which elicited the highest approbation of his Royal Highness. Admiral the Hon. Sir B. Capel, with Captain Chads, received the Prince on board, otherwise the visit of his Royal Highness was entirely private. His Royal Highness, before leaving the ship, ex pressed to Captain Chads his entire satisfaction with everything he had witnessed on board. Upon leaving the vessel his Royal Highness was greeted by often repeated cheers from the officers and men. Rear-Adrairal Prescott, ---- -- -- e Rev. T. Protheroe, and Lieutenant-Colonel Phipps, had the honour of juining the royal dinner party last night. Mr. Henry G. Gordon, chairman of the Oriental Bank, had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday. Mr. Montgomery Martin and Captain Sturt had also interviews yesterday with the Noble Earl, at the Co lonial. office. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from he Colonial-office, for the Governors of Ceylon and Malta. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat yesterday. An appeal was heard from the Preroga tive Court, " Daniel /7. Nounse." The appellant ap peared in person, and Dr. Addams was heard for the respondents. - It is stated from Hamburgh that the Finance de partment at Gottorff had issued a circular to the Go vernment authorities throughout the duchy of Schles wig-Holstein, to the effect that the certificates granted by the Danish civil authorities to vessels clearing for any ports in Denmark, or f or goo d s conveye d to D an i s h ports, are is be accepted as the legal authority fur their respective admission. Last night's Gazette contains an Order in Council r atirying a sch eme o f t h e E ccles i ast i cal C omm i ss i oners for substituting a money payment to the prebendary of Welton Beekhall, in Lincoln Cathedral, in consideration of the property of the prebend being vested hereafter in the Commissioners.—The same Gazette also contains an Order assigning a district for spiritual purposes to the comccrated church of Bt. Mark, on Stapleford-common, Cuckfield, Sussex. THE POUND 01 FLESII.—On an apral, an iron grating over a coal-hole, unless wholly clused to exclude light, has been decided by the judges to be chargeable as a Window! KING FERDINAND 11. mid SICILY. (From th Patric ) _ It is sufficient to be a little initiated in the study of history, and to know what the Sicilian people have suffered from the iniquitous dominion of the Bour bons, to be no longer in doubt that reason and right are on ,the side of Sicily. In fact, what country in Europe can boast of posessing more ancient institu tions ? Whilst all Europe was bending under the yoke those very Norrnands, who, by conquering England, destroyed all her franchises, endowed Sicily with a constitution amazingly liberal for the epoch, and those franchises far from being either abolished or limited by the different dynasties which succeeded to that of Roger, were not only respected but developed and enlarged, to be finally exchanged in 1812 for one of the most liberal constitutions then existing in Europe. The unenviable task of destroy ing the work of seven centuries was reserved for the Bourbons. It was the grandfather of the present King of Naples, who in 1816, that is to say, four years after having sworn to observe it, suppressed the Sicilian Constitution, probably, out of gratitude for the immense sacrifice in lives and money made by Sicily in order to assist him to remount the throne of Naples But it was not enough for the Bourbons to have deprived Sicily of her secular franchises, they did not rest satisfied until they had inflicted upon her the most degrading slavery, that kind of slavery, which, by leaving behind it misery and brutality, often enervates all moral strength in a people, and de prives them of the sense even of their misfortunes I Nevertheless, Sicily, such was the vigour she still re tained! availed herself of all possible occasions so lemnly to protest, by conspiracy, and even by rising en masse, against the more odious oppression, and the royal vengeance, which never failed to crush her in the most atrocious manner at each time that fortune betrayed her endeavours, did but add fresh fuel to her hatred, and more than ever strengthen her determi nation to emancipate herself at all costs and perils from the dominion of the Bourbons. Thence the in surrection of the 12th of January, and the Bill of Forfeiture of the 13th of April, 1848. The subse quent acts of the King of Naples, and principally the bombardment and taking of Messina, have rendered still more impossible all reconciliation between the two dissenting parties. This is the real position of Sicily, and the mediating Powers ought fully to have comprehended it before entering into negotiations. We grieve to have to say that their conduct till now has been anything but praiseworthy, because they have allowed the expedi tion against Messina to take place, after having almost recognised the independence of Sicily, by ordering their fleet to salute the Sicilian flag when the new King (the son of Charles Albert) was proclaimed. These Powers only imposed the suspension of hostilities after torrents of blood had been shed on both sides, and when it was no longer possible to come to terms. Oh, no; there must be no mistake ; neither peace nor any treaty whatever can be expected between the Sicilians and the King of Naples ; and Ferdinand himself, were he enabled once more to subdue Sicily, could only keep it by quartering in it the one-half of his army, which would end by ruining both countries. This state of things would indefinitely prolong the disasters of the Italian cause, which, in order to triumph over Austria, stands in need of the concurrence of all the forces of the nation. It is well known that the Two Sicilies compose the third of Italy, and their military re sources are of the greatest importance. We must consequently consider the Sicilian war as a doubly impious w a r, f or th e h atred which is thus kept up between two sister countries, and by the powerful aid which it is detracting from the great national cause. In order better to eulogise this last subject, we shall offer some details on the military forces of the kingdom of Naples. According to the system of recruiting in force in this part of the Peninsula, the citi zens obliged to enter the army must re main in the military service for the space of ten years ; the half of this time is passed in active ser vice, and the other half; in what the French call disponibilite, that is to say, they return to their homes whence they are liable to be re-called to the ranks at a moment's notice. And by this means, it is not only possible, but very easy, to double in a few days the effective of the army. This case is realised at the present moment, since, instead of forty thousand men, of whom, in ordinary times, the Neapolitan army is composed (without reckoning the four Swiss regi ments), this army musters, in round numbers, eighty thousand men, an enormous number for a country which has but six millions of inhabitants, and the finances of w hich are in the most deplorable state, thanks to the detestable administration of the Bourbons ever since 1821. The Neapolitan army is composed of three regi ments of infantry of the guard, two of which are grenadiers, and the other of riflemen ; of thirteen regi ments of infantry of the line ; seven battalions of light infantry, a corps of marines, and a battalion of heavy artillery, a regiment of engineers, two regi ments of artillery, a regiment of veteran non-com missioned officers;, seven regiments of cavalry, both of the guard and of the line, and two squadrons of horse artillery besides the waggon train, and from seven to eight thousand gendarmes disguised—the mounted under the name of carabi niers, the foot under the name of guard of security (guardia di sicurezza). Each regiment is composed of two battalions, or four squadrons, independently of its reserve, and these battalions and squadrons are fully complete. Moreover, the cavalry is well mounted, and the ordnance department is consider able ; whilst the drilling, the steadiness, and the discipline of the army leave nothing to wish for. With respect to its bravery, we have only to mention the brilliant conduct of the Neapolitan soldiers who remained in Venice with General Pepe (last August); but, above all, that of the 10th of the line, which mustered 1,200 men at its departure from Naples in the month of April, and returned there three months afterwards with a loss of 450, who gloriously fell in Lombardy, so as to palliate and atone beforehand for the excesses committed by other soldiers of Ferdinand, in the fratricidal conflicts with Sicily. The royal navy of the kingdom of Naples is also very considerable, and it could by itself keep in check all the maritime forces of Austria. It is composed of one ship of the line, five frigates, a great number of smaller vessels, and more than twenty-five armed steamers. No other power of the second order has ever been able until now to maintain such a naval force. Such are the maritime forces of Naples. Let us hope, that instead of continuing to be the instruments of Ferdinand against the spread of liberty, or under taking a ridiculous crusade in the name of the Pope, these Neapolitan troops will ere long be driven by public opinion in Italy to participate themselves also in the holy war of independence. MARE NEWS.-(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE-WEDNESDAY. A very limited supply of English Wheat having come to hand for our market since Monday, the show of sam ples of that grain this morning was very moderate; nevertheless, the demand for all descriptions was in a very inactive state, at barely the depressions noticed in the quotations on last market day. The best parcels of Foreign Wheat moved off steadily at full prices. In the middling and out-of-condition sorts scarcely any busi ness was transacted. The supply of Barley was on the increase. Malting parcels were quite as dear, but grind ing and distilling sorts were neglects d. For Malt the demand was extremely depressed, at barely stationary prices. There was un improved demand for all kind of oats, at fully, but at nothing quotable beyond, last week's currencies. In Beans, Peas, Indian Corn, and Meal, next to nothing was doing. The Flour trade was dull, and country markets were ( &ring on somewhat easier terms. ARRIVALS TIIIS WEEK. Wheat. Barley. Oats. I F100r.1,110 qrs. I 4,940 qrs. I 530 qrs. I 1,420 ski. 400 3,150 I :::: English ...... Irish. ........ Foreign ...... 2,910 I 2,140 Malt, 2,550 qrs. BOROUGH LIOP NJEARILET. The demand for the best New Hops is tolerably steady, at fully last week's quotations. In all other kinds exceedingly little business is doing, at almost no minal currencies. The supply on offer is not to say large. New Hops:—Sussex pockets, 2110 s to 31 ss; Weald of Kent ditto, 31 Os to 31 15s ; Mid and East Kent ditto, 31 12s to 51 17s per cwt. WHITECHAPEL. Although our market, to-day, was somewhat heavily supplied with each kind of Meat, the general demand was steady, at very full prices. Beef, from 2s 6d to 3s 8d ; Mutton, 3s 6d to 4s 6d; Veal, 4s to 4s 8d; and Pork, 3s 10d to 43 10d per 81bs by the carcase. FATAL EXCESS.—An inquest was held yesterday week, at Iletton-le-Hole, on view of the body of William Christie, a pitman. It appeared that the deceased and several others were at a public-house in Hetton.le-Hole, kept by Mr. Joseph Hall. Whilst there, the deceased offered to think with any of the company, the first drunk to " pay the reckoning." His offer was accepted by a man named John Dawson, and a bottle of rum was called for. The landlord was appointed to fill a wine-glass for the deceased, and another man to do the same office for Dawson. They drank glass for glass without any water being used till the first bottle was finished. A second bottle was called for and furnished, and this nearly drank in the same manner. The deceased then, as may be supposed, became very drunk an d una b le to speak dis tinctly, and fell asleepin the parloar. On going home his wife sent for medical assistance, and Mr. Bustin attended him on the following morning, and continued to do so until his death, which took place on the follow ing Wednesday, from congestion of the lungs and brain, caused by drinking the ardent spirits to such an excess. The jury returned a verdict in accordance with the evi dence of the medical gentleman, and addel they could not too strongly reprehend the conduct of the landlord, Joseph Ilall, for allowing spirits' to be drunk to such ex cess by individuals in his house. — Newcastle Journal. We hear that Mr. Baines, Q.C., will succeed the late lamented Charles Buller at the head of the Poor-law Board. ho t L Tho bat not kited Arneril Thet forei gn !ttract; In the I Th e u ntil t gettin g Ther a nY gei _The; Ntwn t ] ,zhibit ; ae► Qr '!lent ° llndec B..roura kwen tc kice Q . th e I , e ' 98. Bt Th e geavi came. ca Lip to 11 "erl 48 Rail% tid ed t ided) i g i Ue y BRIT Lan ape Nev Lo n Con ; Exe PRI G BUS I 1 ~,