The Sun. — London, England, 1865-09-19 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPT. 19, 1865. Earl RUSSELL is always great in his despatches and if his deeds were half as decided as his words he would be a far more efficient statesman than he is. There are numberless examples of his sending off the Most vehement circulars, and yet, after all, nothing comes of them. Vox et preterea nihil should certainly have been his motto. In the vexatious question of the Sc hleswig-Holstein affair he has shown himself to b e uo match whatever for the cr aft and subtleties of the German diplomatists, and yet his tone throu g h out his various has been fi rm enough. Th e c ommunications inattention which he has met with shows that he is not believed. People know that he can say a great deal and yet mean very little. It must hav e been with a bitter feeling of mortification that he sat down to pen his last despatch on the receipt of the intelligence of the Gastein Convention. He has been duped, cajoled, and set at defiance by his German allies, and yet he is compelled to put up with all the affronts put upon his dignity, and the contempt with which his advice has been received. In this last circular the noble lord can not conceal his irritated and indignant feelings, and we certainly meet with a very fair statement of the recent occurrences that have taken place in the settlement of the affair. Lord RUSSELL is an adept in all matters relating to constitutional privileges and national rights, and can be cited as an autho rity in all cases appertaining to treaties and conven tions. Of course, in this Gastein affair all the courtesies of diplomacy and the etiquette of statesmanship have been outraged and violated. It is not, then, surprising that the conspirators who have played their game out with so much finesse and dexterity should be told in no measured terms of the iniquity and infamy of their conduct. From the other great Powers indignant remonstrances have been sent to them ; and, although they may now find it convenient to shut their eyes and close their ears to these unwholesome truths, the day will most assuredly come when Austria and Prussia will rue their present course, and regret their monopolising the rights of others. They have succeeded in alienating from themselves the respect and sympathies of the nations of Europe, and in the time of trial they will find the full consequences of their isolation. France will be an open foe some day, sooner or later, and no Government in this country will be able to outrage public opinion by countenancing the despots of Germany. When the momentous change of fortune comes we shall find the full significance of the circulars of Earl RUSSELL and of M. DROUYN DE LIIUYS. It is impossible to do more than protest against the measure in which the affair has been compromised, but still it is put on record in the archives of diplo macy that the Ministers of England and France have declared themselves adverse to the principle upon which theGastein Convention is based, and this is so far satisfactory now, and will be of service hereafter. The terms in which Earl RUSSELL has expressed himself are much the same in effect as those which DROUYN DE LHUYS made use ;of the other day, and if the Cabinets of Vienna and Berlin have any prescient notions they will feel alarmed at the tenor of these two circulars. They mean mischief for the future, if not for the present, for they distinctly declare that France and England do not now sanction the course pursued by the Ger manic Powers, and from henceforth we may safely infer that they will not receive the same support in war, and co-operation in diplomatic matters, that they have done for a long period. Earl RUSSELL expresses the great regret which her MAJESTY'S Government feel in the pre sent disposition of matters, and declares that the " present convention only serves to augment the regret expressed by her Majesty's Government at this period." Certainly it has been a step from bad to worse, because the preliminaries of peace did not altogether destroy the hopes that were entertained of the final inde pendence of the Duchies and their emancipation from the control of the allied powers. Now the last chance has been thrown away, and the most sanguine cannot look for any amelioration in posi tion or prospects for these unfortunate States. In the plainest manner Lord RUSSELL sets forth the way in which the previous treaties have been ab jured by this new convention ; for, in the first place, by the Treaties of 1815 the King of DENMARK acquired a seat in the Germanic Diet as Duke of HOLSTEIN, and the treaty of 1852 recognised the right of succession to the whole of the Danish monarchy constituted by the late KING. This treaty has, however, been completely set aside, as the noble lord affirms, " by Austria and Prussia, two of the Powers who signed it, notwithstanding the assurances given in the despatches of January, 1864." The noble lord proceeds to comment on the style in which the affair has been conducted, and declares, with great truth, that it might have been supposed that, at any rate the wishes of the inhabitants of Berlin and the popular feeling in Germany would have been consulted, and also the opinion of the Diet considered, to which Austria and Prussia so expressly alluded at the London Con ference. Thus one class of rights might have been substituted for the other, and some chance of a final arrangement been come to. But instead of this the noble lord emphatically declares " all rights, old and new," whether the agreement of Sovereigns or the expression of the popular will, " have been trod den under foot by the Gastein Convention, and the authority of force is the sole power which has been consulted and recognised." This is undoubtedly a most correct definition of the matter, and the clear and concise way in which it is set forth is an addi tional proof to the skill of the noble lord in such complicated affairs. At the same time, we must deeply deplore that the Foreign Minister of England should be powerless to do more than protest in such an emergency as this. had he adopted a firmer tone at the outset of the Schleswig-Holstein con troversy, how different would the result have been. It is a disgrace to us a; the foremost people in the world that Europe should witness a Convention which can only be properly designated in Earl RUSSELL'S terms, as being based solely upon " violence and conquest." It seems from the Australian intelligence that the two Victorian Houses have agreed on addressing her MAJESTY on the subject of the Colonial Defences. The Australians can scarcely be suspected of an unwillingness to exert themselves in their own defence, and certainly they lack neither men nor money to carry out their schemes. The address recommends that £lOO,OOO should be devoted to the immediate purchase of guns of the most effective construction, and that the co-operation of the Im perial Government should be invited on the ground that Imperial interests are so deeply concerned in the trade and commerce of the Vic torian ports. The recent disturbances in Europe and the great war in America seem to have awakened the attention of the colonies, and the wealth which they offer to tempt the invader renders it prudent on their part to fortify themselves against attack. In case of a war between England and America, the Australian ships would be natural prizes, and indeed a powerful nation at war with this country might direct its attack against our Southern colonies. Australia might thus find herself involved in hostilities, through no fault of her own, while on the other hand, if the connection with the mother country were severed, her danger would be tenfold increased. If England ren ders her on the one hand liable to suffer from the consequences of a war, on the other she protects her from real and positive danger. Unlike most new colonies, Australia is wealthy and prosperous. Her natural capacities are compara tively undeveloped, while her extent and climate offer immense advantages. As CAMPBELL said many years before gold discoveries were dreamed of-- "As in a cradled Hercules we trace The rapidity verified T h e lines o tf h eh of e pr e r m o p p i rheeci progressn t than doubt, fostering if she continues Y.' that Australia has h i n a since ui i ahnte there eenca face." has be moren no influence of es under the beneficial and future. She has so b i e n f in her present state, Borne dangers er a one of The separate colonies must g to reat and powerful which is • •and local interests are sufferjealousies anhnsgtietrustional government, avoid, however, local jealous take heed less - jealousy prix ate ed to interfere with the substantial interests of the people. A gain the influence of the Jews, who endeavour to make their own fortunes at the expense of all others, must be especially guarded against in a community like that of the Australian cities. We are glad to find, from the last accounts, that the new Land Act is in full working order, and has as yet fully answered the expectations formed of it. The squatters, who have - hitherto de- ' featecl every attempt to break up their monopoly will no doubt encumber its action in every way they can, and they may probably succeed in regaining posession of a good deal of the land allotted. There can, however, be no doubt that_a great deal has been set free for the use of the aIHEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.- _IL Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. The Public is respectfully informed that this The,tre WILL OPEN for the regular Dramatic Season, on SATUR DAY NEXT, September 23, 1865. On Saturday, September 23d, Monday, 45th, ar.d every Evening during the Week, the performances will commence with Shakspere's Tragedy of MAC BETH. To conclude with, each Evening, Milton's Mask of COMUS. The principal characters by Mr. Phelps, Mr. 3f azintyre, Mr. James Anderson, Mr. Fit fames, Mr. T. Swinbourne, Mr. C. Vandenhca Mr. Robert Roxby, Mr. G.: pencer. Mr. 'Henri Drayton, Mr. Mes•g•reson , Mr. Wilbye Cooper, Mr. c. Warner, 1t r. G. Melillo e, ' Mrs. lieriva nnVezin, , Mr. Henry Marston, Miss Atkinson , Mr. A. Rayner, M;ss Poole, miss A:.tiusta Thomson, Mr. E. Phelps. IMies F. Falconer, and Mr. IL Barrett, Mi:s C. Weston. Mr. J. Neville, New and c'itt racter i s tic Scenery, by Mr. William Beverley. The tieneral Action of the Mask directed by *3lr. Hobert Roxby. The Cnoir of Fifty Voices. under the leadership of Mr. Beale, and the increased Orchestra condu_ted by Mr. Mirnard. Harp Accompaniments arranged and performed by Mr. Frederick Chatterton. The Masks ann i;ecorat'ye Furniture and Symbols, designed from Classical auttiont es by Mr. It. W. Keene. The beautiful and eharac,eristie Dresses, from designs by the same artist, supplied by Mr. S. May and Mrs. Lawler. The Thicchanalian Dances and Revel Rout arranged and directed by Mr. Cormack. Machinist, 3,r. J. Tucker. Property-maker, Mr. Needham. At the conclusion of the Tragedy on Saturday, September 23, the National Anthem will be sung. Private Boxes, Li 2s, £3 3s, XI 4s, and £5 is ; Stalls, 7s ; Dress Circle, 5s ; st Circle, 4s ; Upper Boxes, 2s 6d ; Pit, 2s ; Lower Gallery, Is ; Upper Gallery, 6d. Nu Hall-price. Box-office open from Ten to rive da , iy. Doors open at Half-past Six, the performances commence at Seven o clock. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, GOOD FOR NOTHING. Mrs Alfred Mellon end Mr. Felix Rogers. After which, at 8, RIP VAN WINKLE. Rip (his 4tit appearance), Mr. Jefferson, supported by Messrs. Billmgton, P. Bedford, R Phillips, Felix Rogers, Ashley, hburne, C. J. Smith ; Mrs. Billing - tor, dec. To c nclude, at half-pa=t 10, with THE WIDOW'S VICTIM. Messrs. Billington, Felix Rogers, Ashley; Miss H. Simms, Miss Seaman, and hiss Jenny Willmore. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, 11r. Geo. Vin 3 ng. THIS EVENING, a new Farce, by Mr. David Fisher, entitled HEART-STRINGS AND FIDDLE-STRINGS. After which, ARRAH NA POGUE : Mcsgrs. Dicn Boucl cault, J. Brougham, H. Vandenhoff, 1). Fisher, D. Murray; Mrs Boucicault and Miss il. Oliver. To conclude with AN AMPLE APOLOGY. Commence at 7. GRATIS AND POST FREE. E. MOSES and SONS' New Pamphlet, THE PHILOSOPHY OF DRESS. V, MOSES AND SON 1• respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest fabrics are combined with the latest and most fashionable designs, and the best workmanship. E. MOSES and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices are such as must satisfy the most economical. This depart ment is in a aistinot pert of the premises, which will be sound a great conv.nience for ladies and children, MOSES AND SON • respectfully invite public attention to their large and well-assorted SUBIDIEit STOCK. MOSES AND SON'S •"SANDRINGHAM" and "DANISH " WRAPPER :Introduced by them) is the newest and most tashion‘b:e style of Overcoats for the season. MOSES AND SON'S • BEADY-MADE and BESPOKE CLOTHING !or all classes and all ages. L 1 MOSES AND SON'S Lu• CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, from 30s. MOSES AND • HOSIERY and DRAPERY, for all classes and all ages. S 0 N'S MOSES AND SON'S • HATS AND CAPS, for all classes and all ages. E• MOSES AND SON'S • _ BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. Ll MOSES AND SON'S ju• OUTFI IS, for atl classes, all ages, and all climates. "LI MOSES AND SON'S LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 156, 157, Minories; 83, 81, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, Aldgate ; 506, 507, 508, New Oxtord--street ; 1,2, 3, II art-street ; 137, 138, Tottenham-euurt-road ; 288 Eurton-road. Also, Bradford. Yorkshire. EMOSES AND SON'S • Establishments ate closed tvetv Friday tvening at sunset untilSaturday' t vening.at bunset, when business is re stinted mull II o'clock. All articles aro narked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article not approved of will be exchanged, or the money returned. List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, "The Philosophy of Dress," e - r:iris and post free. iiHE LAST EDITION OF "THE SUN," Containing the Latest SI'ORTINU INTEL.LIGIE,N C 6941 be had Every Evenin' of _ . u: It,. GLILNIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4. Connaught-terracc, Hyde -park. LATEST EDITION of "'TIE SUET" jt . . supplied, as soon as published every Evening, by W. ALEXANDER (late BROOKS), Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish-street, Oxford.street. THE LAST EDITION of " THE SUN " supplied as soon as Published, containing all the LA ['EST NEWS and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by J. W. HARRIS, Newspaper Agent, 4, Blacktriars-road. London, S. TIHE LATEST EDITION of "THE SUN." J. HOLMES begs to inform his friends, and the public *generally, that he supplies the LATEST EDITION "of "THE SUN" as soon as published —No. 16, Hampstead road, N.W. TEETH AND PAINLESS DENTISTRY. Messrs. LEWIN and SIMEON MOSELY and SONS, Dentibts, 30, Berners-street, Oxford-street, and 448, Strand, Opposite Charing-cross Railway Station. Their painless artificial teeth are unequalled for economy, durability, comfort, and all purposes of articulation and mas tication. Operations of every kind Ceing unnecessary, the most nervous patient can be supplied without fear of pain or inconvenience. Consultation free. Teeth from 55.. Sets from 5 to 25 gs., warranted. For the efficacy, utility, and success of their system, vide " Lancet." Daily attendance at 30, Berners-street, Oxford-street, and 418, Strand, London ; 13, Whitefriargate, Hull ; 10, Norfolk street, Sheffield ; 4, East-parade, Leeds ; and 14, St. Nicholas strect, Scarbro'. Observe — Established 1830. No connection with any of the same nstr.e. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Turs DAY.—Morning, lh. 48m.— AI ternoon, 2h. 4m, To-Moß.Row.-Morning, 2h. 20 m. --Afternoon, 2h. 40m ett ~, ' -`~ .•a~J ~~' Sum THE SUB, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENIAG, SEPTEMBER 19, 1865. agriculturist and the small farmer, so that the rich and fertile soil so long lying idle as mere pas ture land may serve to contribute to the bread stuffs of the colony, instead of their being imported at a great expense, to the discouiagement of native industry. If there is any country in the world where the soil can be cultivated with profit it is certainly Australia, for although some parts may be sterile and unprofitable, yet others are so rich and fertile that it is only to be wondered they should have been left so long without being turned to their proper purpose. Already numbers of ploughs have been sent up from Melbourne to break up the new ground selected under the Land Act, and an important step has thus been made in the progress of the colony. The long-talked-of expedition had just set out on its journey when the mail left, and we can only hope that its efforts may be crowned with success, and that it may return with stores of valuable in formation. The " Ladies Committee who have taken a prominent part in raising the necessary funds, have busied themselves in providing the ex pedition with various articles to facilitate their intercourse with the aborigines of the interior. Many of these things seem quaint enough—beads, fish-hooks, wax tapers, needles, knives, and especi lly red nightcaps, are included. It is tolbe hoped that this exploration will be more fortunate than the others, and may not only sueceed in penetrating to the interior and gaining the information required, but do so at a less cost to the indi viduals and without the sacrifice of valuable lives. The great mistake in most of these expeditions is the want of properly qualified leaders. Men are too often placed in command for their intellectual abilities, their geographical 'knowledge, their scientific attainments, or similar reasons. But these qualities, however important, are not enough ; in fact the leader of an exploring party can dispense with most of them. What he requires is a thorough practical knowledge of bush life, and wilderness travelling, with the confidence, the experience, the resource, the self-reliance which men may possess who would be quite capable of a scientific report. The doctor, the botanist, the geologist, may all assist, and may all form part of the expedition, but the lives of a whole party should only be trusted to a man of thorough practical experience and natural cool courage and common sense. The lack of simple precautions which would have occurred to men used to caring for their own lives at a dis tance from all human succour has often caused great and unnecessary suffering, and turned a noble and enterprising exploit into a mournful memory. We hope that the experience of past mistakes will render this party more careful, and that they have not started without men who will be able to extricate them from difficulties and preserve them from dangers, not by their scien tific leanings, but by their practical experience and natural savoir faire. It will be a most interesting expedition, and will probably enlarge our know ledge of the southern continent considerably. The interior of Australia, like the interior of Africa, may prove to be less inhospitable and less intolerant of cultivation and civilisation than was believed, and we may thus live to see the great tide of colonial life roll inwards till the vast continent is no longer merely fringed by inhabitants, but peopled with great and thriving communities. The Reform League. An open-air meeting, convened by the Poplar Branch of the above League, was held, on Saturday evening last, at Cubitt-town, Isle of Dogs. Mr.tIIARLES SHEAR3IAN, Hon. Secretary of the Local Branch, occupied the chair. Mr. GEo. Divis moved the following resolution : —" That having maturely considered the existing state of the representation of the United Kingdom, and that such a representation is a gross injustice to the working classes, who are almost excluded from the franchise, notwithstanding that their skill and industry largely contribute to the prosperity of tho nation ; therefore this meeting is of opinion that the principles of the Reform League—presided over by Edmond Beals, Esq., at 8, Adelphi-terrace, Strand —viz., Registered Residential Manhood Suffrage, under the protection of the ballot, are deserving of the strenuous support of all true Reformers in this district." This was seconded by Mr. BAXTER LANGLEY (who was most warmly received), and carried unanimously. Moved by Mr. WHITFORD, seconded by Mr. WYNNE :-" That the Poplar branch of the Reform League being now firmly established in this district, it becomes the duty of the electors and non-electors to render it their personal and pecuniary support." Carried. A vote of thanks to the chairman, Mr. Baxter Langley, and the rest Of the deputation, closed the proceedings, which throughout were of the most en thusiastic character. A large number of members were enrolled during the evening. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE CITY OF WASHINGTON (Via Crookhaven). NEW YORK, SEPT. 9 (Morning). The New York Times says that, in consequence of President Johnson having received numerous reports from the South of apprehensions of a rising of freedmen, General Howard has recommended the citizens to institute a police-patrol system, under the control of the departmental commander, in countries where there are no agents of the Freed men's Bureau. It is reported that a very excited state of feeling exists at Chattanooga between the whites and blacks. The Clerk of the Circuit Court at Knoxville, Tennessee, has been killed by a former rebel soldier, who was afterwards lynched by the citizens. President Johnson has written a letter to Gover nor Sharkey approving the formation of militia companies throughout Mississippi. He considers the movement a proper one, and that the people must be trusted with their own government. The President has pardoned ex-Governor Brown, Georgia. The New York Times says that the public senti ment, except among the Irish element, though dis approving England's course during the rebellion, decidedly opposes war. Mr. Davis's health continues to improve. The New. York Democratic State Convention has passed resolutions denouncing military rule and negro suffrage, and claiming the equality of the States. The resolutions also endorse President Johnson's reconstruction policy, state the obligation upon the country for the payment of the national debt, and support the Monroe doctrine, The Con vention has nominated General Patrick for the post of State Treasurer, and General Slocum as Secre tary of State. The Minnesota Republican States Convention has passed resolutions demanding that the Govern ment should compel the withdrawal of Maximilian. It rejected a resolution approving President John stone's military and civil course of policy. The grand jury have found eleven indictments for forgery against Ketchum, one being for grand larceny. The New York Chamber of Commerce have appointed a committee to invite Mr John Bright to visit America. The Louisiana and Texas cotton crops are stated to be seriously injured by the army worm. It is reported via Cairo that the cotton trade at Mobile is almost entirely suspended in consequence of an order forbidding the sending of cotton from the interior to Mobile. Middling had risen to 40 cents per pound. The Courier des Etats Unis states that a Cabinet Council has been held at Washington on the Mexi can question. All the Ministers except Mr. Hanilan favoured the statu quo. Mr. Seward stated that it was not dignified to assist Juarez indirectly, nor ad visable to support him in an open and occult manner. President Johnson declared that he would not decide concerning the renewal of relations with Mexico until Congress meets, and would re serve for his message the announcement of the policy which seemed to him best. It is denied that the visit of a Haytian war steamer to the United States is for any official object. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Gold, 1444. Exchange on London, 157:1 ; do. Paris, 3571. Stocks fiat. New York Centrals, 921; Illinois, 124; ; Erie, 88 ; 5-20 Bonds, 1071. Cotton, good inquiry. In Upland, 441. Flour, steady. Wheat and corn, good inquiry. Provi sions,- quiet. Coffee, advancing. Sugar, very firm. Molasses, good inquiry. Petroleum, good demand. Crude, 331 to 34 ; refined, 55 to 57. granted to officials in the sanitary department of the State shall be at once considered to have ter minated. These officials will immediately present themselves at their posts, note being taken of any who may not comply with the present summons before the 25th inst. The Spanish squadron in the Rio do la Plata is to be reinforced, in order that there may be a suffi cient naval force in those waters to protect Spanish subjects in the present disturbed state of the country. Efforts are being made that the meeting of the Progressist Committee may take place at Zaragoza, in which case it is expected that Espartero would preside at the deliberation. Both Espartero and Olozaga are represented as indisposed to influence the decision of the party by their presence. They will, however, be invited to take part in the pro ceedings, but should they finally decline, the com mittee will meet in Madrid. The Epoca, reviewing an article published by a Aladrid paper especially devoted to economic ques tions, says : " The state of the country as depicted by our colleague is by no means encouraging. Mercantile operations are altogether paralysed, and the pro ducts that were formerly easily disposed of, now either find no purchasers, or are sold under very unfavourable conditions. Public securities have suffered an extraordinary depreciation, and capital, always sensitive, withdraws itself from speculation. Failures threaten to terminate the existence, and, what is more, affect the honour, of a large number of companies and commercial houses formerly powerful and respectable. .The rate of discount is rising, and consternation is now felt precisely in those places hitherto most distinguished for their wealth and commercial activity." Admitting the justice of these representations, the Epoca continues : 4 , The periodical from which we quote calls atten tion to the immense development which credit has reached in our country, occasioning an affluence of French capital, attracted by the high rate of interest offered by the Government and the prospect of liquidation. But the evil thus produced would still not be irremediable were it not for the abuse of the institution of the Bank of Deposits, to which the Government suddenly draws all the floating capital when it most injuriously affects the companies and banks. This capital accumulated at the disposal of the Government, and the Bank of Spain being con verted into an auxiliary establishment instead of being a credit institution, the perturbation caused by the monetary crisis sufficed to place the Treasury in a most disadvantageous position." The article cocludes from this state of things that it is not expedient for the Government to hold at its disposal the funds in the Bank of Deposits, neither is it possible for the Bank of Spain to depart from the obligation of its statutes, Art. 20 of which directs that its bills shall be payable within 90 days. Defects exist in both institutions, which have been the cause of serious difficulties ; and the best service to the country is to point out the evil and demand the proper remedy. The Gastein Convention. BRUSSELS, Sept. 17. The Independance Beige of to-day publishes a letter from its London correspondent, who states the following to be the text of a circular upon the Gastein Convention, addressed by Earl Russell to the diplomatic agents abroad : " Sir,--The Prussian Chargé d'Affaires has com municated to me the subject of a despatch relative to the Gastein Convention, and since then the text of that despatch has been published by the Berlin papers. On the first communication to her Ma jesty's Government of the preliminaries of peace signed at Vienna, I caused the views of the Govern ment upon these preliminaries to be expressed in that city and at Berlin. The present convention only serves to augment the regret expressed by her Majesty's Government at that period. The treaties of 1815 gave the King of Denmark a seat in the Germanic Diet as Duke of Holstein. The treaty of 1852 recognised the right of succession to the whole of the Danish Monarchy which the late King had constituted in the person of the present Sove reign. This treaty, notwithstanding the assurances given in the despatches of Jan. 31, 1864, has been completely set aside by Austria and Prussia, two of the Powers who signed it. It might justly have been expected that when treaties are thus annulled the popular feeling in Germany, the wishes of the inhabitants of the Duchies, and the opinion of the majority of the Diet, so expressly stated by Austria and Prussia at the London Conference, would at least have been consulted in their place. In this manner, if one class of rights were passed over, others, arising from the assent of the populations, might have been substituted for them, and these rights, received with respect, might hive had some chance of duration. But all rights, old or new, whether based upon a solemn agreement between sovereigns, or on the clear and precise expression of the popular will, have been trodden under foot by the Gastein Convention, and the authority of force is the sole power which has been consulted and recognised. Violence and conquest, such are the only bases upon which the dividing Powers l have e s t a bli s h ed their convention. Her Majesty's Governme nt timateclaigreatly t ad peoplee p es may t u he b raiserlc disregard law and thus to b o heard legitimate manifested f or t h e principles of public when their destiny is called into question. The present despatch does not authorise you to address observations upon this subject to the Court to which you are accredited, and is solely intended to acquaint you in what sense you will speak of it when the occasion arises.--I am, &c., (Signed) " RUSSELL. " Foreign-office, Sept. 14, 1865." Mr. C. Abbe C. S. Preston, Chancellor of the dioees3 of NOW York, has arrived at Aaurigy's Hotel from Paris. MEXICO. The intelligence from Brownsville to the 26th ult. states that an Imperial waggon train had been driven back by the Republicans between Monteney and Matamoras, and that the reinforcements sent from Matamoras had been repulsed by guerillas under Cortinas. A ball had been given at Matamoras in honour of the Emperor Maximilian's Minister, at which numerous Federal officers were present. General Steele proposed the health of the Emperor Maximilian. Advices from Vera Cruz are to the 23d ult. The Republicans, under Figueron, had temporarily cap tured Tehuacan, and levied a forced loan of $20,000 on the inhabitants. They retired, however, from the town upon the approach of Imperial reinforce ments. QUEBEC, SEPT. 9. The Governor-General of Canada sails for Europe on the 6th (? 16th). THE BOMBAY MAIL. The following telegram has been received by Reuter's Telegram Company (Limited) from the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Com pany, Sept. 19 : ALEXANDRIA, SEPT. 18. The Poonah and Nyanza with the Bombay mail left here at 1 p.m. to-day. The former may be expected at Marseilles on the 24th inst., and the latter at Southampton about the Ist October. AUSTRIA. CONVOCATION OF THE PROVINCIAL DIET. VIENNA, SEPT. 19. An Imperial decree has been published to-day convoking the provincial Diets of the Empire for the 23d November next. The Hungarian Diet is expected, but the Debatte learns that the Emperor has decided that this Diet shall assemble on the 10th December next. PORTUGAL. LISBON, SEPT. 18. It is reported that the King has postponed his visit to foreign countries in consequence of public opinion being opposed to his taking the Infanta with him. The Oporto Exhibition, which was inaugurated by the King, is considered a success. SPAIN. THE CHOLERA. MADRID, SEPT. 18. Great consternation prevails at Seville in conse quence of some cases of cholera having occurred in the environs. The public health in northern and central Spain is satisfactory. MADRID, Sept. 11. The current rumours respecting the resignation of Senor Castro, Minister of Foreign Affairs, are now authoritatively contradicted by the semi-official Correspondencia de Espana, which states that the Minister was present at the Councils held yesterday and to-day, and that entire harmony of views pre vailed between him and the other members of the Cabinet. ne Queen has ordered two all leave of absence FRANCE. BOURSE, Sept. 18.—Two o'clock.—The market opened on improved quotations, but stocks and shares have since receded. Threes, for the Ac count, are now at 68f. 75c., and Italian Fives at 66f. 70c. Credit Mobilier Shares are now doing at 833 f. 75c., with a decline of 3f. 75. The Shares of the Comptoir d'Escompte continue in favour, and have realised a further advance of 10f., viz., to 990 f. Northern Railway Shares have reached I,loof. The demand for the Stock of the Old Mexican Loan continues, and is firm at 511- 7 after having reached 52, during the early hours. Turkish Consolides are also in request at 501. Three o'clock.—The Bourse has closed on a slightly improved market, the last quotations being as follows :- 41 per Cents 96 50 Do. end month Ditto Threes — Roman — Mexican Loan 5l 50 Do. Bonds 334 50 Russian — Austrian Spanish Threes Home Debt — 3 per Cents. 6B 77i Do. end month 6B 80 Credit Mobilier ___ Do. end month Bank Shares 3595 Credit Fonciar 1335 Italian Loan 66 7:5 Deferred Do. end month 66 67 RAILWAYS. Cash. Acct. Orleans Northern Lyons and Mediterranean Southern Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona Boman - - ... 855 - - - ... 1095 - - - ... 878 75 - - ... 567 50 - - ... 53G 25 - - ... 247 50 - - ... 413 75 - - ... 465 - - - ... 217 50 - - ... 317 50 THE WAR IN THE BRAZILS. :7 50 RIO DE JANEIRO, Aug. 24. Advices have been received from Buenos Ayres to the 14th, and from Monte Video to the 15th inst. According to the River Plate papers the Para guayan army in Rio Grande crossed the River Ibicuy on the 19th, 20th, and 21st July, without opposition, and had occupied Uruguayana, a very important Brazilian town on the Uruguay. General Flores was also within a few leagues of Restaracion, opposite to Uruguayana with his division, which had been reinforced by the corps under Pauracro and Caceres, and was now 12,000 strong, picked troops. If, however, it be true that the Brazilian generals allowed the enemy to cross the Ibicuy without opposition, a very heavy responsibility lies with them, and the country will not be satisfied till the reason is well explained. Urquiza appears to have partly reorganised his troops, and promised to be in the field by the 15th. The Argentine Minister of War, Gelly y Obes, had gone to join the allied army at Concordia, as Mitre's adjutant ; General D. Julian Martinez taking his place in the Cabinet provisionally. Lopez, in order, as he says, "to preserve the equilibrium of the Plate," has annexed the Argen tine pro since of Corrientes to Paraguay. All arms, horses, cattle, and woollen and cotton goods have been declared articles of war, and as such appropriated' by him for the army. General Robles is said to have been sent to Humaita under arrest on suspicion of treason, and has been succeeded by Barrios, brother-in-law of Lopez, in the command in chief. The army which had gone into winter quarters at Corrientes is again on the move, and report says that it is marching in four separate columns upon Concordia, but a glance at the map of that pro vince shows that it is no easy task for an army en cumbered with artillery and heavy baggage to per form such a march, the country being crossed in every direction by rivers and swamps. The march of the Paraguayan army continues to be marked by every kind of atrocity. Twenty-four ladies of the principal families of Corrientes (the capital) had been driven on foot to Humaita, guarded by soldiers. At Bella Vista the families on the approach of the invaders crossed the river to the Chaco side, preferring to fall into the hands of the wild Indians, which would certainly be their fate, to the treatment they expected at the hands of Lopez's civilised army. Several formidable batteries have been con structed by the Paraguayans on the Corrientes bank of the Parana. The Brazilian squadron is still at Chemboral. The iron-clad Brazil, lately arrived from France, where she was built, will sail to-day or to-morrow to reinforce the squadron, and will shortly be followed by another smaller iron-clad built here. A dreadful storm swept over Monte Video on the 7th, doing a great deal of damage to the ship ping in port. Several vessels were wrecked, and upwards of 30 more or less injured. The Emperor was a Cachocira on the 2d, in perfect health. His Majesty had been most en thusiastically received everywhere. Count d'Eu had left Rio Pardo on the Bth. VILLAGE DESTROYED BY FIRE.—The village of Neufchatel, Switzerland, was almost entirely destroyed by fire on the night of the 12th inst. Out of 123 houies only 19 remain. The fire originated in a house occupied by the captain of the firemen, and there is too much reason to think that it WM 9Wed IT an incendiary. LITAATURE. Charles Dickens's Serial Story. Our Mutual Friend. By Charles Dickens. No. XVII. Chapman and Hall. Another instalment of " Our Mutual Friend," and we shall have occasion to look forward to the appear ance of no more than the double number bringing the work to its conclusion. Conscious of this, we are more than ever disposed to linger over our piecemeal enjoyment of the work as it is now appear ing, or in other words to make the serial issue of it as much as is possible of a " lengthened sweetness long drawn out." Quite apart from the numeral on the left-hand top corner of the familiar green leaf, there are unmistakeable evidences, now very clearly discernable, in the tale itself of its rapidly drawing towards its completion Most significant of all among these tokens of the work fast coming to an end, being, of course, the dropping away, the dying off, it should be said, first of one and then of another among the motley characters introduced. It is not only now poor little Johnny that is sorrowfully remembered as having faded out of exis tence. It is not simply that that mysterious drowned voyager, whose demise (whether by accident or assassination who yet shall decide ?) was noti fied at the very outset of the narrative, has long since been followed, as the victim of a precisely similar catastrophe, by that doubtful fisher in foul waters, Gaffer Hexam ! Hexam, whose repudiated partner, once upon a time, in those equivocal water side avocations, was so very nearly meeting with the same identical fate, through having been run down by a " busted B'low Bridge steamer, " meaning thereby our old acquaintance, Rogue Riderhood, now of Plashwater Weir Mill Lock Nor yet even is it that we have left to us, now, no more than the simple memory of dear old Betty Higden, instead of the good old soul herself ! A memory sweet as the breath from a bunch of rose mary—the memory, that is, of the true heart beating so long under the poor cotton boddice of that lowly Mangler and Minder, who, besides befriending poor long-limbed Sloppy, had buried her own dead (with money drawn from her own individual thrift) down even to the last and youngest of the third generation, little Johnny, to wit—sleeping her last sleep in the end in no pauper's coffin brimmed to the lid with sawdust, but in her own grave, under the green turf and the daisies, the grave purchased with the last proceeds of her own honest industry. Besides these, beyond these—far, immeasurably be yond them all in our estimation—there lies prostrate, now, at the close of this present number, yet another of the forms already so familiar to us as among the creations of Charles Dickens in this new world of his called " Our Mutual Friend"—to our fancy, while, no doubt, in one sense by no means the best, beyond all doubt the brightest, the delightfullest among them all—that ridiculous fellow, as Mortimer Lightwood calls him—that new exemplar of the homme blase, the young barrister whose mother tongue, according to Riderhood, is cheek, and no thing but cheek, the nonchalant promoter of what our Gallic friends have at length come not only to know but very effectively to practise as Le Sport, " with a hey ho chivey" (as he himself puts it so absurdly), " and also," if he may be allowed the expression, " with a hark-forward, hark-forward tantivy !"—light-hearted, easy-going, blithe-eyed, gentle-mannered Eugene Wrayburn ! Alas 1 for Eugene ! the race for him, we very much fear, is already run. For, the skulking scoundrel, so long known to have been dogging his heels, has fallen upon him covertly at last—has struck him down with a dastard blow in the twilight, when his back is turned, when he is least pre pared for an assailant ! And " mashing his life" with blows that " fall heavily and cruelly on the quiet of the night," the murderer-schoolmaster —this other Aram, whose victim is Eugene—crashes, blinds, paralyses poor Wrayburn with strokes dealt upon his head with a bludgeon or a bar, as though he had been stricken down by lightning; afterwards hurling the mutilated body into the river hard by, from which it is rescued before life is extinct by the true heroine of the tale, Lizzie Hexam, the ideal Grace Darling ! How all this is described it boots not us to relate—the author's narrative telling of itself, indeed, with a wonderfully- vivid effect, elo quently, passionately, enthrallingly. It is an error of art we cannot but think, and so thinking we venture to intimate here quite frankly—[though our so doing seems, according to the old paganism, to be nothing less than ungrateful on our part, for " the goods the Gods have given us" in this great writer, taking him precisely as he is, with whatever fault or man nerism there may be in the grain of his genius]—it ap pears to us an error of art, the allowing the murder to be done, so to speak, within sight of the reader ! The allowing the cruel blows to be dealt visibly and audibly, as it were, within the range of our own sight and hearing ! In " Martin Chuzzlewit" the deed is done, it may be remembered, quite other wise. It is there done, in truth, completely in accordance with the old Greek tradition as to what the tragic writers of old, an EschYlus or a Sophocles, deemed to be the most strictly con sonant with the true sublime of Horror and of Pathos—that is to say, it is done out of view—it is done off the stage ! Jonas Chuzzlewit disappears into the wood, bludgeon in hand,--disappears into that wood, into the green sylvan perspectives of which Montague Tigg has previously passed out of sight among the level sunbeams and deepening shadows of the cool of the evening. After an in terval, th 4 shedder of blood emerges from the wood, within the gloom of which the deed of infamy has in the meantime been perpetrated ! In " Our Mutual Friend" the murder done is done as visibly, and as audibly, and as brutally, be it said, as that other murder that was done by Bill Sykes in the great tragedy of the London Streets, the story of the little Parish Boy " Oliver Twist." Only—the ruffianism of the murder, there committed, may be described as having been very horribly in keeping, throughout, in every minute particular ! Not so, here, in regard to this later murder on the banks of the Thames-- even though an infuriated demon of selfishness like Bradley Headstone, the schoolmaster, is the perpe trator of it ! Poor Nancy, the street-walker, blud geoned, blinded, having her life " mashed out" under the pitiless blows dealt by the ruffianly Sykes, one can imagine—everything there seems, somehow (repeat ing our phrase) to be hideously in keeping ! But Eugene Wrayburn, dear, careless, good for nothing, delightful Eugene Wrayburn, to hear of his being so dealt with, the imagination revolts from the notion altogether—recoils from it with a shudder ! And, so looking back to it, as it is here described, we cannot but repeat what has but just now been said of it, that we are disposed to regard the imagined perpe tration of the murder, thus, as little less than an error of art. Still, for all that, the manner in which the deed is delineated is a perfect marvel of powerful and pathetic writing. The whole chapter devoted to the record of it as the catastrophe of the narrative, is a masterpiece of tearful eloquence. " A cry for Help" it is called. The place, the hour, the sounds, the sights, as they are here depicted in the opening sentences of this chapter realise to us with an astonishing vividness a lovely summer landscape as seen from the river-side when the evening deepens into night. Every minutest touch, even there, at the outset, having its powerful significance, as it appears to us, in the way of affect ing preparation. Nevertheless, even here—by no means incongruously, if only by reason of the whim sicality of Eugene's temperament, we have, as it were par parenthLge, the following wonderfully humorous little vignette group of the village dogs : It was a Saturday evening, a nd at sucha time the village dogs,dos, always much more interested in the doings of hu manity than in the affairs of their own species, were erepaartnid cularl) active. At the gener al shop, at butcher's, at the public-house, they evinced i an inquiring spirit nev e r to be satiated. Their especial nterest in the public-house would seem to imply some latent rakishness in the canine character ; for little was eaten there, and they, h av i ng no taste for beer or tobacco (Mrs.llubbard's dog is sa id t o h ave smoked, but proof is wanting), could only have been Attracted sympathy with loose convivial habits. More over, most wre tched fiddle played withi n ; a fiddl e so a unutterably vile, that one lean long-bodied cur, with a better ear than the rest. found himself under compulsion at intervals to go round the corner and howl. Yet even he returned to the public-house on each occasion with the tenacity of a confirmed drunkard. The Passion, the tears, the power, the pathos of ... • - - the terrible incident thus strangely preluded come later on, lending a breathless interest to the closing pages of this remarkable chapter headed ';A Cry for Help." Charming though the previous chapter, about Bella and John, is in itself, whether it reveals them to us in their own cottage home, or in the midst of the eccentric \Vilfer house hold charming though it all is, now in humour, now in tenderness—we have no thought or care, it almost seems to us, save in what re lates to the shattered loves and lives of Lizzie Hexam and Eugene Wrayburn. Some passing reference is at least due, nevertheless, to the manner of the revelation by Bella—with an exquisite shyness—to John—that there is a baby coming ! One consolation we have, now, in thinking of Bradley Headstone, namely, that the wretch has an avenging Nemesis upon his track, in the coarse, and clownish, and very unclassic shape of that oddest specimen of what Pope terms " the noblest work of God," the " Honest Man"—Rogue Riderhood. tfanP •44 A' • lt( rt to DI Ortular. HER MAJESTY. BALMORAL, Sept. 16. The Queen went out driving with Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse in the evening. Their Royal Highnesses Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse, with the Princess Victoria and Elizabeth, arrived at the castle at five o'clock. Baroness von Schenck and Baron de Rabenau were in attendance on their royal highnesses. The Prince and Princess of Wales. On Saturday morning their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales, accompanied by the young Prince, and Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse, their children and suites, arrived at Perth, on the way to Balmoral, by the limited London mail train, to which were attached three saloon carriages. On alighting from the train their royal highnesses entered the first-class refreshment rooms, where they breakfasted. The journey was renewed by the 9.20 train, per Scottish North-Eastern Rail way. The royal party arrived at the Guild-street Station, Aberdeen, on Saturday, at ten minutes past one o'clock—the train being late. A large concourse of spectators had assembled on the plat form, numbering probably more than 1,000, chiefly ladies, and as the train stopped the royal party met with a hearty reception, which the Prince of Wales rose and acknowledged. Among those on the plat form were the civic and railway authorities, Sir David Brewster, and other gentlemen. :Meanwhile auother engine was attached to the train, which, after a delay of some five minutes, left for Deeside, and reached Aboyne in an hour. The Prince and Princess of Wales arrived at Abergeldie about four o'clock, and the Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse arrived at Balmoral half an hour afterwards. His Royal Highness Prince Amadeus. Yesterday morning Prince Amadeus and his suite took an early drive round London. In the afternoon his royal highness, accompanied by his Excellency the Italian Minister and the officers in his royal highness's suite, visited the Tower of London. His royal highness was received by Colonel Wyndham and the other authorities of the fortress, and after visiting the various objects of interest the royal party proceeded to the Thames Tunnel, and returned by boat to Hungerford. His Excellency the Danish Minister, Baron de Baude (Charge d'Affaires for France), the Consul.. General of Italy, Mr. Panizzi, Baron Beck Friis (Charge d'Affaires for Sweden and Norway), and Chevalier dos Santos (Charge d'Affaires for Spain), paid their respects to his royal highness yesterday at the Italian Legation. In the evening the prince received the members of the embassy and his suite at dinner. The ex-Royal Family of France• Yesterday the ex-Queen Marie Amelie, accompa nied by the Duke de Nemours, the Duke d'Alengon, and the Princess Mratnerite, and their household, left the Tunbridge Wells station at about half-past 3 o'clock, and travelled to Claremont. Nearly every member of the royal family was present on the arri val of the train at Esher. The Prince de Joinville, the Duke de Montpensier, the Duke d'Aumale, Count and Countess de Paris, the Duke and Duchess de Chartres, &c., were present, and there was a most cordial greeting between the venerable lady and her family. The ex-Queen - on making her appearance was received with every demonstration of respect, and acknowledged the good feeling of her neigh bours in a most gracious manner. The train was accompanied by Mr. Knight, of the South Eastern, and Mr. Williams, of the South Western Railway. The Queen Marie Amelie has derived much bene fit from her stay at Tunbridge 'Wells, the air of that celebrated place appearing to be peculiarly suitable to her. She is in excellent health for her advanced age, 84. The Duke and Duchess of Beaufort will entertain a large party at Troy House, their seat in Wales, on the occasion of the Monmouth races. _ _ The Duchess of St. Albans and Lady Diana Beauclerk have left Dublin for the Lakes of Killarney. The Duke and Duchess of Cleveland have heen entertaining a succession of visitors at Raby Castle, in cluding the Earl and Countess of Airlie, Right Hon. l 3• Disraeli and Mrs. Disraeli, Countess Gifford, Lord and Lady Pelham, Mr. and Lady Susan Milbank, Lord and Lady Lyveden, Mr. and Lady Margaret Beaumont, Hon. Mr. and Mrs. Bouverie Primrose and Misses Primrose (2)1 Lord Dalmeny, Hon. G. Howard, Lord John Hay, g r. Montague Corry, Hon. H. Stanhope, and Lord W. I.lay. The Duke and Duchess of Roxburghe arrived at Floors Castle on Friday evening, to inspect the prepara; tions making for the approaching visit of their Ro9 3 ' Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales. Thei r graces left again on Saturday for Broxmouth Park, ac companied by the Marquis of Bowmont and Lord Chsr l es Ines Ker. The Earl and Countess of Yarborough will leave town in a day or two for .Brocklesby Park, Lincolnshire' for the hunting season. The Earl of St. Germans, who returned to town last week from Aix-la-Chapelle, has since gone to his 084 Port Eliot, Cornwall. to The Earl and Countess Delawarr, accomp ani by Sir Alexander and Lady Arabella Bannerman , were tt: return yesterday to Buckhurst Park, Sussex, from Bee bourne. Next month the noble earl and countess will en tertain a succession of visitors at Knowle Park, peas Sevenoaks. Lord and Lady Proby have returned to B 4 Hall, Oundle, from visiting the Duke and Duchess Newcastle at Clumbor. St Count G. Blucher Wahlstatt has arrived Maurigy's Hotel from Vienna.ch On Wednesday, 18th inst., at the parish ch of Skyne, the Hon. Alfred Stourton, eldest 0 011 to Lord Stourton, of Stourton, Yorkshire, was n aarris cl of Mary Margaret, only c hild of Mr. M. B. Corbally, 31.110 f, Corbalton Hall, county Meat h. T he Hon. an d Right 'bp Dr. Clifford officiate d, and the Hon. Marmaduke Ceeetstlie M axwe ll acted as best man. The bridesmai ds Were 11 011 " Hon. Pauline Southwell, Hon. Charlotte Preston, ,1,1, Mary Plunkett, Miss Stourton, Miss Preston Silverstrees.eo and Miss Matilda Preston. Amongst the comp seY P,r Vi were the Earl and Countess of Fingall, Viscount Tvoli, countess Gormanston, Lord Killeen, Viscount S en ro stoll Lord Bellew (Lord Lieutenant of Louth), Hon. Mr' 310* (High Sheriff of the County Dublin), and the 11°13 i . 60 ore Preston, Hon. Thomas and Mrs. Preston, A1 °149 3.fore Bonomi, Right Hon. More °Terrell and gr e l i tt ors , O'Ferrall, Captain the Hon. E. Stourton, 1 0 th and Hon. Mrs. E. Stourton, Mr. and Mrs. Chateitiolottl dale, Hon. Albert Stourton, Hon. Edmund 111,_ti Captain Nugent and Mrs. Nugent, Mr. H. Ste After the ceremony the distinguished part J. l aw a ite Gl r Corbalton Hall, where a sumpt uous couplede:4°l 10 0 ° them, at the conclusion of whic h the happy s England. Central-park, New York, report that in t a te 7 y ecraest rito PARK STATISTICS.—The commissioneresar°;s64 10,1 was visited by 2,295,199 pedestrians, 100, increase _ and 1,148,161 vehicles. The numbers increas The largest attendance of pedestrians2vi t. Ol . 555,668; of equestrians in June, 14,80 e f v_ u _ oo I s D..: hour of the largest attendance. 18,162 pee_ boat gs e „ boats in the year, and 35,784 used passagd h s vi ot vo x; May, 147,344. From 3to 4 o'clock in theresfutnals ti u set i Ji ere ' were 130 arrests --only flowersfor assault shrubs,an A io. bead only two for breaking and as.aQdricipes disorderly; the remaining offences were f t riding. • ma difi the cen rur bei, duc Jar the par Fri of t Lin Loi Lin the and will san clok aml allc Reu 68f. 5-2( "it Cer' only how Alre and ss. ; Eas. Very prig 8 Del Dc 0 pex Ne w New Dc Ann, Dc Dc Excl Bank Austi Brazi ;;._Do BUen Do Chilli Do Colox Cuba Daub Do Do Danu Do qua Do .0 Do (heel , Do viiat Do Do. Italia Do Do Do aLegi, DO, DO &tont koor. Ne w Do Do o Do Do Do Do Do vortv Do Do Do Do Do Do Do Do r , zardi Do "'Pan D o Do r, Do I° rani D 0 $ 4 .7 NI, e d Listr I ,4selgi t 'Jute' D o R•re ti D o I talia; Do C 011, Fic Do,