The Sun. — London, England, 1852-11-18 00:00:00

o struggle mce, sum - Le State in y, and, as own law ;herto ap object, icede upon which his because of 3d through )eal of the House of yards coil 3nt of the as charae him of the Led states document ation, eh vas endea c) mista k e', ) mistake have sug the Bi ll ' job infused afterwards c all it tlie there Or,' • cfites - j a nront, ie 111inistrY e there Via' ere these • w ,,„" deep. lue as Pr ime len t of the he Clare' d 'arable et t t of Marc' nce to ne that ti lt : to the PO E , oble 1 341/ ‘ ter• on eric'd de of 16 %! >f soul% °ll l l n carry )1;r liberti'f partivelit o de' t o bea ,n ate;,eeo e d bet' wing 3g o a r. Ei e nry t ip er, th 3 I n n o it of sh ° ge eise` ' apolo 1 , e l ' ve obse rv bil t icationkoto o f reW i d. to LOW f a te iil R e fona F his As e d 0 l I. he OPP 0 - 1 0 It ;nt. geol . I sent I ,ro Lingill tatters° Do nisent to the - a s tha t of o bstieo d e _ v ide .'" e the e protect pelt a nd bY v o ily the Ve o(le then i t is P — of of p ° 4 r?' ffect, )11. teri , ' / Min g or len 0 " 1 ' Ajth°t the CA t tjto e at th e h es wh ic ;;tfi c o st ec„ i ce • s trtv A.clivw6vir n - R obe ° Sir '-- hor wag tinl e jng e pe r lan ° es t e!, arl' of" 13. a l e i,;h t ree rithei r a tof b rri'W the iselo rg iri cte a , be lit Au . ed , as be ° ain er• 11/i elj dh f o w ular th n OA 111 0 a sth —i p is bolP t he bile fr . a i in a t t be • _we fa cu jelt P c olw 3 de .5. Lis °' ce q,o l ' e apP e ', s 1 a 10),012 1 ` h W c e al bral h et° 4' 03 C O eas lir tr ll/1 56 :0 of wo r 1 , a i i 3 o bed ijer c i?CA ° Itl9 1 ' aPP o tter A re n fano% to be f ' I,is ose , fte ;othtecle voile -' 1 n y, xds ,c 1 ° A o .61e: list t he a "-I' te r be 11 ' ve • cl je f h . t , 11111° 0 °1 was ARTHUR WELLESLEY WAS TRE MOST HIGH, MIGHTY, .AND MOST NOBLE PRINCE. DUKE OF WELLINGTON. MARQUIS OF WELLINGTON. MARQUIS OF DOURO. EARL OF WELLINGTON, IN SOMERSET. VISCOUNT WELLINGTON, OF TALAVERA. BARON DOURO, OF WELLESLEY. PRINCE OF WATERLOO, IN THE NETHER LANDS. D UKE OF CIUDAD RODRIGO, IN SPAIN. -DUKE OF BRUNOY, IN FRANCE. DUKE OF VITTORIA. MARQUIS OF TORRES VEDRAS. COUNT OF VIMIERA, IN PORTUGAL. A GRANDEE OF THE FIRST CLASS IN SPAIN. A PRIVY COUNCILLOR. eCi MMANDER-IN-CHIEE OF THE BRITISH ARMY. C OLONEL OF THE GRENADIER GUARDS. C OLONEL OF THE RIFLE BRIGADE. A PIELD-MARSHAL OF GREAT BRITAIN. A MARSHAL OF RUSSIA. A MARSHAL OF AUSTRIA. A MARSHAL OF FRANCE. A MARSHAL OF PRUSSIA. A MARSHAL OF SPAIN. A MARSHAL OF PORTUGAL. A MARSHAL OF THE NETHERLANDS. A KNIGHT OF THE GARTER. A KNIGHT OF THE HOLY GHOST. A KNIGHT OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE. A KNIGHT GRAND CROSS OF THE BATH. A KNIGHT GRAND CROSS OF HANOVER. A KNIGHT OF THE BLACK EAGLE. A KNIGHT OF THE TOWER AND SWORD. A KNIGHT OF ST. FERNANDO. A KNIGHT OF WILLIAM OF THE LOW _ _ _ A COUNTRIES. KNIGHT OF CHARLES THE THIRD. A KNIGHT OF THE SWORD OF SWEDEN. A KNIGHT OF ST. ANDREW OF RUSSIA. A KNIGHT OF THE ANNUNCIADO OF SARDINIA. 4 KNIGHT OF THE ELEPHANT OF DEN- MARK 7 - " k KNIGHT OF MARIA THERESA. A KNIGHT OF ST. GEORGE OF RUSSIA. ' KNIGHT OF THE CROWN OF RUE OF SAXONY. 4 KNIGHT OF FIDELITY OF BADEN. , KNIGHT OF MAXIMILIAN JOSEPH OF BAVARIA. KNIGHT OF ST. ALEXANDER NEWSKY 0 P RUSSIA. A KNIGHT OF ST. HERMENEGILDO OF SPAIN. A IC-NIGHT OF THE RED EAGLE OF I MANDENBURGH. 4 KNIGHT OF ST. JANUARIUS. KNIGHT OF THE GOLDEN LION OF 'JESSE CASSEL.. A KNIGHT OF TH I LION OF BADEN. A KNIGHT OF MERIT OF W u RTEMBERG. ' II E LORD HIGH CONSTABLE OF ENG LAND. CONSTABLE OF THE TOWER. „ L I IE • CONSTABLE OF DOVER CASTLE. WARDEN OF TH V, CINQUE PORTS. C HANCELLOR OF THE CINQUE PORTS. A DMIRAL OF THE CINQUE PORTS. T L ORD-LIEUTENANT OF HAMPSHIRE. LORD-LIEUTENANT OF THE TOWER HAMLETS. RANGER OF ST. JAMES'S-PARK. RANGER OF HYDE-PARK. CHANCELLOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD. COMmISSIONER OF THE ROYAL MILI TARY COLLEGE. VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE SCOTTISH NAVAL AND MILITARY ACADEMY. THE MASTER OF THE TRINITY HOUSE. A GOVERNOR OF KING'S COLLEGE. A GOVERNOR OF THE CHARTER HOUSE. A TRUSTEE OF THE HUNTERIAN MU SEUM. A DOCTOR OF LAWS. &c., &c., Arc. Besides possessing all the above titles at the period of his decease, Arthur Wellesley had been 4 different periods in the course of his extraordi llarY career : _ E-RI ME MINISTER OF ENGLAND. SECRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN AF. A LAIRS. 'l-31-11,ASSADOR AT PARIS. ASSADOR AT ST. PETERSRURGH. g u- lEF SECRETARY FOR IRELAND. M_VERNOR OF MYSORE. .1:11 - '• FOR TRIM. 7,„.. A 13 . FOR NEWPORT. .`"4"STER-GENERAL OF THE ORDNANCE. REWARDS AND HONOURS. I n addition to the before-mentioned marks ofdistinc tion, the d eparted warr i or was th e o bj ec t o f a ll th e lhomage evidenced by the subjoined gifts and testi 111°Ilials Th e t o hi Domain of Strathfieldsaye, in Hampshire—presented of 9 111 bY the nation, having been purchwd with the sum o b i l lmng °O,OOO/., voted in 1815, for the express purpose of a mansion and estate to be settled on the Duke co°i4,l4-. l a° possession of this magnificent property was of --- -..tional on the yearly presentation, on the 18th June, grace tricolour flag to the British Sovereign. By this 1.11 + l fn i arrangement it so happens that there always hangs b w e Armoury at Windsor Castle, two little silken h a e i ta -tte re—the o n e i n commemora ti on of the battle of Bien oth,' Trer the bust of the Duke of Marlborough — the th - " 11 commemoration of the battle of Waterloo, over e bust of the Duke of Wellington. reThe Bron ze S tatue of Ach i l l es, i n H y d e P ar k— su b s c r ibed 'or by the ladi es o f E ng l an d , b e t ween 1819 and 1821, and ected in 1822 on the Waterloo anniversary. ° f -Par/j avtentary Grants, first of 100,000/., and afterwards altogeth 400,000/ " making' just h a lf a million of money er. est La Belle Alliance was presented to the Duke (as the the King of thea x le Nelan. The W a t er l oo Prize Money, amounting to 60,0001., as th e share of the Commander-in-Chief. Sa xony -D essert Service, presented to him by the King of half Silver Plateau, thirty feet long, and three feet and a (Zbroad, li g ht e d by 106 wax tapers, the whole of ex isite d es i gn an d wor k mans hi p, given to hi m b y th e 1.23 g of Portugal. b el lantrey's Statue of the Duke—an equestrian one in 1. ' 2132 e —erected opposite the new Royal Exchange. B tecies Equestrian Statue of him, erected opposite the - ' e gigter House, Edinburgh—a magnificent production. ~,,I , l 7Y att's Statue, raised on the Green Park Arch, repre -o,ling the hero on his favourite horse Copenhagen—the NIA of the statue being 30 feet, and the cost 30,0001. of -4 Stone Statue raised to the Duke in 1848 in the Tower London. th e he i , Waterloo Chamber at Windsor Castle , containing : l anksgiving portrait by Sir Thomas Lawrence. - "' E n e nr ellingtan Shield which cost 7,0001., silver gilt, was ba n d e bY Stothard, and presented to the Duke by the and merchants of the City of London. _ A tu i" litan ciP er ° 81 cord presented to his Grace by the Metropo orPoration. rioAtisgocklonstßrureguet Wa to Watch—a" mont Ferdi nand. t ion—given him by de y the Spanish o anis'h.k Ring Besides the fore • gifts,almost incalculable during %iprnogtsr,a profu sion of others - - w c 1 down an u on the victorious hero showered princes P v Y at a e individuals, and munici palities. Among these, or n added to them, e et tn e p d e s e r e r o n rs es ofe P presents from senates, wer e pensions, Plteaus busts, statues' grants, gold and silver shiel ds, or and orn aments, gold and china services, diamond st ars lu Y vane other jewels of ever ' t b ' des cri description and defy g enum eration. y, afaing I) WELLINGTON'S AND NAPOLEON'S CAMPAIGNS.—DUTing s ome months past, as the public may well remember, there has been opened, in the vicinity of Waterloo-place, an attractive panorama of scenes of the various cam paigns of the Duke of Wellington. There is now, We,.. are re j o i ced to observe, a companion panorama on the eve of its first night's display, representing some of the more remarkable passages in the career of Napoleon -- a series which cannot fail to be interesting to thou sands in thi s country, and, none the less, we may add, because of the association of those incidents with our historical recollections of the Duke of Wellington. The last-mentioned Exhibition is announced to open at 85 , in the Quadrant, somewhere about Christmas, and will comprise the following eighteen subjects of repre sentation : - 1. Napoleon and his Marshals ; 2. Toulon; . Arcola ; 4. E m b ar k at i on at Toulon for Egyp nt ; 5. Battl e of the Pyramids ; 6. Battl e of the Nile ; 7. Cros- Battl e idg the Alps ; 8. Marengo ; 9. Coronation ; 10. ISII of Austerlitz ; 11. Jena ; 12. Wagram ; 13. 100 ' 36 coNv ; 14. P assage o f the Beresina ; 15. Water villel6. Vi ew o f P ar i s i n 1815 ; 17. The Prince de Join bringing the remains of Napoleon f r om St. Helena; 18 . The I n t erment in the Chapel of the Invalides. A those series of pai n ti ngs such as must contrast admirably with already exhibiting in reference to the career of he Duke of Wellington. 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'.. , ----- - -- , .., -- -,'.--,,,---i t..-----,__ . _,..----- - ------ - __ ~,Icia.2, ~..........__ - -- 2 . .r- -;'--;-'-' - .:"... - 0 ,------ - ----____- -1-1 -- ---- -- - - - ------- - ---- -___--- - -: -- f-,--- -- - -- -- - __,----' ---- - -- ___ --- - - -,_-_,----_- : ---, - ------' 7 % - __----' _____,'---------.. __...--,----- ___ ---_-:.--,____--------------------------- . ---- s - ---------------- ~ . ,_„z-- - g.,-----_-- - --- ~ ff- - ------------„„--„„„_-_-- _ it . : _„_ : ..__-____----. , -.-_,_-_,-_.: .__=___- _ _-,:.,._-__, _ _--- _,, --. 0 --_-,- -------- -_-- -.-- -- :- --.-- -r•- ..., . ....... I , ' - '" ---- • ..Rt , ----=':- , 7 ) J ~,_." ESTIMATE OF THE DUKE'S CHARACTER, BY CHARLES PHILLIPS. It cannot but be interesting to the public, we con ceive, at this particular moment to peruse the impassioned eulogium pronounced upon his Grace the Duke of Wellington by the eloquent and gifted Charles Phillips, in the course of his masterly biographical work entitled " Curran and his Contemporaries." The chapter to which we refer runs as follows : " It has been asked of me, why, in enumerating the con temporaries of Curran, the ornaments of our common country, I have omitted immeasurably the greatest of them all— Arthur Duke of Wellington. An Irishman by birth—an associate of Curran in the Irish House of Commons in 1793 a high official afterwards in that country—lreland justly claims him as her own, and, not unreasonably, complains of the omission. Though the complaint is just, the omission was intentional. Inclination, duty, love of my native land, all imperatively prescribed a task which, nevertheless, con scious incompetency admonished me to decline. Deeply did I feel it was not yet time to fix the flashing of the diamond, or gaze, with eye undimmed, on more than half a century of glory. The light of the orb, even in the chastened softness of its setting, was still too grand and too intense for contempla tion. True indeed it is, that, with a patriot, and therefore perhaps an excusable ambition, I had ventured to delineate the wits, the orators, and statesmen of my country. But then it was because, in the contrasts and varieties of their career, I thought myself furnished with the tintings which might guide me. However, when, in the lustre of a life like Wellington's there was nought discoverable either of cloud, or spot, or shadow,—where could the dazzled eye find rest ? or, if relief was found, where was the pencil of light' to picture kindred brightness ? It may not be ; we cannot dwell upon a disc so lustrous. It is only given us to trace the lucid path where it has passed, and guess what must have been the glory of its presence. " The eloquent lamented voice is scarcely hushed which mourned Ireland as the difficulty' of his Government—a melancholy case, in any mind, from a British statesman, a humiliating admission ! Why should this be so I—and so in the seventh century of England's sway It is, indeed, to every thinking man's astonishment, a difficulty ;' and it is more than a difficulty—it is a reproach—or, may be a peril. How easy it is to fold the arms, and cast the blame on Ire land Nothing more easy th an for the libellers, alike of man and Providence, insanely to insist that there is something in a d h n ul er d l dull, taaorttueirnsemhaseonr i d ni o sp g t i g na e bc d tosi at sodni ve ;n i n da c on o e n di i b as s l e ot , fo o t eeinnldahenie.dre which n lht t ui e h. l e e cgvtaa gave vain andt(b u (but one which,of n h e Burke empire even n ny b int oun his t o ie u s a r) own th wud a a t y w , a g s iv e e l s oq to ue t n h t e slander an illustrious and living refutation. It is impossible to over-estimate the profound genius evinced in every part of this operation. The skill with which be lured Messena, rely ing on an overwhelming majority of force, to a discomfiture which led to his recal—alternately tempting him by an affected defiance, and then by an equally well-acted fear—till the spoiled child of victory,' baffled and out-manceuvred, found himself at last in helpless perplexity—aehainaonfdimpreg- impreg nable fortresses in his front, and famine, disaster, desola tion in his rear—fully justified the magnificent apostrophe of a kindered spirit at the great Dover demonstration—' mighty Captain,' who never advanced except to cover his arms with glory. Mightier Captain ! who never retreated, except to eclipse the glory of his advance. Yes, had libelled Ireland been all, or more than all, her libellers assert, she has given a compensation to the nation which he saved, and still adorns, and still protects, by his wisdom, his valour, and self-devo tion, in Arthur Duke of Wellington. Grateful tef a u n l d En d g e l s a o n la d te as feels it, and his poor country, prostrate, MinstrelsotfiltlheNorth— ' half ofiotrg—ets her misery, as she hears the generous Hark, from yen stately ranks what laughter rings, Mingling wild mirth with war's stern minstrelsyh. His jests, while each blithe comrade round flings, And moves to death with military glee. IBoast, kindness warm, boast Rough nature's children, humorous as she : And Ha—yon chieftain—strike the proudest tone fierc e tameless,in danger Of thy bold harp, green isle—the hero is thi ne own !nt "This truly great man encountered in his comm encement the destined fate of future greatness. Detraction, as usual, muttered its presage of ill omen—the presage of a moment. It was but heard and hushed. Soon, loftily, above it rang the trumpet of Assaye. Europe caught up the tone—it woke the frozen echoes of the North—called Spain and Portugal again to life—startled the falcon mid the silence of the . Pyrenees—bade prostrate France arise —and, at last, from Waterloo resounded through the world. The path to fame's fair temple ' lay, indeed, before him ; but it was steep, and it was rugged. Danger, privations, jealousy, vicissitudes, and difficulties of every kind, beset, but sought in vain to baffle him. In fact, they only proved the vastness and the universality of his genius. That course which, in another, would have indicated defect, was in him the result of science and design. His retreat always precluded a triumph—his pause was merely a preparative to progress ; and when, at last, amid the doubts, and to the dismay of those who could not comprehend him, he rested amid that marvel of his strategy, the lines of Torres Vedras, it was to give breathless victory a brief repose ; it was that Fabius might complete the wreath, to which every hero had previously contributed. If, however his career was at times exposed and perilous, so, on the other hand, it was not with out its felicities. Amongst the latter may be counted both the foe he had to combat, and the theatre of the contest. Amid the mingled scenes of Moorish romance and Andalusian chivalry, every rock woke some noble recollection—' visions of glory tried the aching sight.' The mighty spirit of the Cid himself seemed to arise, in recognition of a kindred heroism. Nor were the hostile ranks unworthy their antagonist. No barbaric horde, an easy prey to discipline—no conscript levy, to whom war was novel; but iron legions, inured to danger, familiar with victory, and ignorant of fear. And the chiefs who led them—honour to their memories I—honour to the brave, although they were our enemies !—well were such leaders worthy of such followers. No ancestral shields or herald's artifice made pedigree supply the place of merit. Nature's own nobility—their cradle was the ranks, their achievements their only title-deeds to distinction ; heroes, indeed, who, with their bright swords, carved their armorial bearings ; veterans of the bivouac, the battle, and the siege— now bronzed beneath the sun of Egypt, now nerved amid the Alpine snows—their names familiar as the fields on which they fought, and their exotic garlands culled from the varieties of the climes in which they conquered. No wonder that their Eagle had soared from Rome to Moscow—over every capital in Europe. No great marvel that prostrate dynasties indi cated its course ; and rising kingdoms marked its resting place But, before Wellington, the standard and its bearer drooped together. The Invincibles' were vanquished. One by one, marshal after marshal, fled the field ; until at last, his crown shivered, his throne in fragments, and his mighty empire a tradition, their glorious master—even the great Na poleon—saw his conqueror. " Nor was it always an individual leader against whom he had to combat. There were occasions on which he stood, and stood alone, against the concentrated energies of ' , ranee. In one single month, and in one single province, that of Estramadura, six of their ablest generals, Soult, Ney, Mor tier, }lineman, Victor, and Sebastiani, were in the field against him. At another period, though separated, there were in force in the Peninsular, Mortier at Leon, Soult at lamora, Sillerman at Valladolid, Suchit at Taragona, and St. Cyr at the blockade of Gerona. In numerical force, too, the disparity was fearful. Napoleon bad at one time avail able in Spain, very nearly two hundred thousand troops. In the terrific fight of Talavera—where each army lost a fourth part of its complement—we were by two to one out-num bered. At Fuentes d'Onore, there were two to one of Infan try, and five to one of Cavalry, opposed to us. Fearful dis parity ! But difficulties seemed no longer difficulties—obsta cles appeared, as, if merely for the purpose of being surmounted. All paled before the star of Welling ton. From the first rifle-shot at the village of Obidos, to the last gun which boomed at Toulouse, over an empire's grave—from the day on which he resigned his desk, in Dub lin, to that in which (having received twelve times the thanks of Parliament) he took his seat among the Peers of England, Baron, Viscount, Earl, Marquis, Duke, (Honour's fountain being quite exhausted) in right of all, at once, " his path was a plane of continual elevations." " To what, then,are we to attribute prosperityso unparalleled ? —to merit or to fortune ? Merit, strange to say, this seem ingly self-answering question has been asked ! But, let the darkest bigot to the creed of chance open his marvellous dis patches, and be satisfied. He may there read the solution o? his mystery. He will there find, it was not on the battle field alone this great commander gained his victories. It was over the reap, and in the tent, at midnight. It was in the careful retrospect of past campaigns, studious of experience. It was in the profound reflection looking before and after' —in a sagacity almost instinctive—in a prescience all but in spired—in the vigilance that never slumbered—the science that never erred—the cautious, well digested, deeply-pondered purpose, slow in formation, but once formed inflexible. These were the chances whichenslaved renown. These were the acci dents which fettered fortune. All-extraordinary as these dis patches are, perhaps the most curious feature they present isthe immediate and immutable maturity of character. Instant, yet permanent—of a moment's growth, yet made of adamant. Time has not touched it. What he was at Seringapatam, such was he at Waterloo ; and what he was at Waterloo, he is at this very Moment. Like the weighty and mysterious element which guards ot tr 4 isiand, his great name seems to Principle of its preservation. The exhibits him precisely 1, as —e appears through twelve volumes, down to the last at Paris! firstpss possess thesewithi within dispatches,itself t he dated It would truly seem to have been predestined by an all-gmeio_ 1 800 from the camp at Currah, g forth at once, mature in wisdom, and panoplied for war. ~ A n d yet Wellington, h aving disposed of armies, had to Providence, that, at our na etinoenn'usnnteeerde,rihteiesihsmou.ld Home-bred spring bred Hannibals and civic Scipios now denounced his inactiv4 Y, now deprecated his rashness. Even London strain-bands, redolent of Finchley, shot their goose-quill arrows at th e warrior's reputation. With a pen eagle, Wellington rebuked them f urn ished by the shatter e d with a scornful word—asingle word—that word was Victory. How it chafes the blood to thi n k of do l ts lik e th ese aveng i ng '— th e ir surfeits on a national b enefactor, who fasted for them while sed and fought f or them, con f e d era ti ng aga i ns t him, who, while they toy upon their couch of down, was watch, W a i ting the thunder-clap which was But, both o b eye d their mission. Th e twice—,the o th er intent on immortality. they Difficult, totoionnmewhe,sis w skai nsm e ea rvitewdebeeneedtt , indeed, b g n n e feasting, to contemplate, the discourage ments through which he s t ruggled to his renown. From the hour of his disembarkation drlinahtg l disheart ening wiscredit, as it must at all at thi s d ay to at Mondego Bay, to that on which from the summit of the Pyrenees he looked on the lovely land he had emancipated, ' a sword (to use his own expres sion) hung over his head. , While faction at home lay crouch ing for its victim, a foreign confederacy was at work to fur nish it. 7 . 111 e impediment s he had to combat meet us in every page--sometimes, as just 'natter of complaint—oftener, as the necessary re cord of occurrences. It is not too much to say kingdom. Here he hadthe heart of any other man in the grandee, they —t there, t b o r broken n n t eract the perverseness of a junta— leaguedobfracolsetio_aptrotphietiamteerethye of jealousy goverm e o n f ts a , but untractable—untaught by de featlrinow thwkrted by the ingratitude of Portugal, P L ude—now neutralized by the imbe edsecre I deniloogiwtgyaendodf harassedw i isnp t a h tihn a allies, intolerantib y their mutual animosities—sometimes neglected,slam always him—still mindful of the crisis he saw gathering round his country— unaided, self-sustained, and se lf-relying, he never sheath e d th e sword till, amid Europe's h o mage, he gave Europe pea ce . mightydered, often trust reposed ii i "With one voice, Europe responded, and titles, and honours, and rewards, were showered on her benefactor. But it may well be doubted whether his most precious reward was not in his own self-consciousnesk " No mere illusion ever led the Duke astray; his course was eminently practical and VI the purpose. Our Ocean Welling ton's noble signal at Tra f algar—' England expects every man to do his duty'—was the load-star of his life. No doubt he must have been either ktore or less than man, not to have enjoyed his fame, but it Vas ever with him merely a second ary consideration. Duty guided, governed, monopolized him; glory was content to follow, • " Almost every man iniagines that he knows the Duke of Wellington, because of those exploits which have become as household words amongst us. But no man can be said to know him truly who has not pored and pondered over these Dispatches. Lucid, eloquent, copious, and con densed, they take their %tand beside the immortal Com mentaries. They must el'er remain, at once, the army's manual, and, of their gifted author, the most enduring monument. The record of his glory, they are also the revela tion of the qualities which insured it. Wonder almost ceases at his incomparable achievements , while the source of their attainment is disclosed to hs. It lay in his foresight, his secresy, his self-possession, his discipline, his industry, his endurance, and in the mighty all-pervading intellect, for whose grasp nothing was too great, and for whose investiga tion nothing was too minute. Here are unfolded to us the several n ral i a th n e d ir as ee s m oc b ia ina ted tia ta n i , e w ur ie , rare in themselves, but still rarer h constitutes the hero. Bold, yet prudent—gifted, laborious—ardent, but circumspect— leaving nothing to chance which calculation could supply— he was prepared for adverse or prosperous vicissitude, and made of his reverses, as of his victories, so many avenues to renown. Such are the disclosures of these invaluable vo lumes. But the mine of intellect is not their only or most estimable treasure. It has been a fashion to regard the Duke as the transcendent soldier, but as the soldier only: cold, re solute, reserved, inflexible—the Iron Duke'—as if Nature had forgotten the heart in her formation of the hero. Not so, however, will after ages read his history. Let war's admirers accompany the conqueror—be it ours to contemplate the man. Pause, reader, with me—and see him busy in the work of mercy, solacing the captive, succouring the wounded, beseeching of his adversaries—as it were a boon—that they will imitate the humanity he exemplifies. Come, reader, with me—the battle won—and behold the mourner heedless of his glory : he is thinking of his fireside far away ; he is giving his tears to the poor childless father. Or, see him, a world's deliverer, in his tent, at Waterloo ; hear how he sighs over his deathless record ; behold, as one by one, his old companions are reported fallen, how the ill-feigned fortitude gives way at last, and he exclaims in agony—' Oh, next to the regret of losing such a battle, is the grief at having gained it.' Be hold our Wellington, for once as victor ! Nature, omnipo tent overcomes the conqueror. Rich, unquestionably, as these dispatches are in memorable attributes of every kind, there is one quality more evident throughout, than the ever active humanity of their author. " I hear a whisper—Do you mean, then, to pourtray per fection ? No, for perfection is not given to man. But I mean to state, and state advisedly, that, regarding the foe he had to combat, the dif f iculties he had to contend with, and the means at his dispo sal, Wellington, as a General, never had an equal. No ; neither in modern times, nor in remote antiquity. Ido mean to express my full conviction that, could the heroes of the past appear once more amongst us, answering their sum mons from the roll-call of fame, they would, as the world's warriors of our day have done, recognize him as their head, and serve beneath his banner. Yes, we have beheld him, and with the concurrence of its choicest spirits, the chosen of the earth. Marshals, and Kings, and Emperors have followed him, the elected leader of their veteran hosts, and never fol lowed him except to victory—victories, be it remembered, over which humanity need not mourn, nor honour blush, for they were unborn of ambition and unsullied by rapacity. Through war's dire atmosphere they shine aloof, in constel lated grandeur, all radiant with its glory, but divested of its guilt, through their redeeming motive—a world's emancipa tion. In Wellington's behalf, therefore, we betray no arro gance. We but vindicate the claim which Europe has ac corded, and which has been more than justified by results. We only anticipate what history will record, and what she already has commenced recording. We but feebly follow the example of our day, which, with impatient gratitude, has forestalled posterity, and unveiled to him, before death, his dawning immortality. Almost canonized in life, he breathes amid his relics. He walks abroad, impeded by his mg nu ments. Our streets and squares, and bridges, as he passes, speak to him of the name which England's children's chil dren will learn by heart. Columns and statues and triumphal arches awake the past and typify the future. Through her Alisons and Napiers, the anointed of the shrine, the awful oracle itself has spoken. Wellington has heard the deathless words, HEREAFTER itEl to hear, and which unborn ages will accept and venerate." ALISON'S OPINION. A comparison of Napoleon and Wellington, taken from the conclusion of "The History of Nurepe," by Sir Archibald Alison : " Napoleon and Wellington were not merely individual characters : they were the types of the powers which they respectively headed in the contest. Napoleon had brighter genius, Wellington superior judgment ; the former nom bated with greater energy, the latter with more perse verance. Rapid in design, instant in execution, the strokes of the French hero fell like the burning thunderbolt ; cautious in council, yet firm in action, the resources ofi the British champion multiplied, like the vigour of vegetation, after the withering stroke had fallen. No campaign of Wellington's equals in energy and activity thos of Napoleon in Italy and in France : none of Napoleon's approaches in foresight and wisdom that of Welling- . ton in Torres Vedras. The vehemence of the French Emperor would have exhausted, in a single season, the whole resources, which, during the war, were at the disposal of the English General ; the caution of Wellington would have alienated in the very beginning the troops which overflowed with the passions of the revolution. Ardour and onset were alike imposed on the former by his situation, and suggested by his disposition, foresight, and perseverance, were equally dictated to the latter by his necessities, and in unison with his character. The one wielded at pleasure the military resources of the half of Europe, and governed a nation heedless of consequences , covetous of glory, reckless of slaughter : the other led the forces of a people distrustful of its prowess, avaricious of its blood, niggardly in the outset in its expenditur e, but, w hen once roused, invincibl e i n it s d e t erm ination. A nd the result, both in the general w a r a nd final strugg le, was in entire" conformity with this distinction. Wellington retired in the outset before the fierce assault of the French legions; but he saw them, for the first time since the revolution permanently recoil in defeat from the ro c k s o f Torres Vedras. He was at rst repeatedly expelled from Sp a i n , but at la st he drove he invaders with disgra ce across the Pyrenees. He was, in the beginning, assailed unawares, and wellnigh aster powered in Flanders ; but, in the end, he baffled all Napo leon's efforts, and, rising up with the strength of a giant, crushed at once his army and his empire on the field of Waterloo. " The personal and moral characters of the two chiefs were still more strikingly opposed, and emblematic of the sides they severally led. Both were distinguished by the unwearied perseverance, the steady purpose, the -magnani mous soul, which are essential to glorious achievements ; both were prudent in councils, and vigorous in execution ; both possessed personal intrepidity in the highest degree ; both were indefatigable in activity, and iron in constitu tion ; both enjoyed the rarer qualities of moral courage and fearless determination,—but in other respects, their minds were as opposite as are the poles asun der. Napoleon was covetous of glory, Wellington was impressed with duty : Napoleon was reckless of slaughter, Wellington was sparing of blood : Napoleon was careless of his word, Wellington was inviolate in faith. Treaties were regarded by the former as binding only when expedient—alliances valid only when useful : obligations were regarded by the latter as obligatory, though ruinous —conventions as sacred, even when disgraceful. Napoleon's wasting warfare converted allies into enemies; Wellington's protecting discipline changed enemies into friends. The former fell because all Europe rose up against his oppres sion : the latter triumphed, because his principles were such that all Europe was at last glad to place itself under his guidance. There is not a proclamation of Napoleon to his soldiers, in which glory is not mentioned, nor one in which duty is attended to : there is not an order of Wel lington to his troops in which duty is not inculcated, nor one in which glory is mentioned. " The intellectual characters of the two heroes exhibited the same distinctive features as to their military career and moral qualities. No man ever surpassed Napoleon in the clear ness of his ideas, or the stretch of his glance into the depths of futurity ; but he was often misled by the fervour of his conceptions, and mistook the dazzling brilliancy of genius for the steady light of truth. With less ardour of imagi nation, less originality of thought, less creative power, Wellington had more justness of judgment, and a far greater capability of discriminating error from truth. The young and the ardent, who have life before them, will ever turn to the St. Helena memoirs for the views of a mind of the most profound and original cast on the most important subjects of human thought. The mature and experienced who have known its vicissitudes, will rest with more confidence on the ' Maxims and Opinions' of Wel lington, and marvel at the numerous instances in which his instinctive sagacity and prophetic judgment had, in opposition to all around him, beheld the shadow of coming events, even amidst the clouds with which he was sur rounded. No one can read the speculations of the French Emperor without admiration at the brilliancy of his ideas, and the • originality of his cencePt e ' n e e n Ai none can peruse the maxims of the English wisdom and justice of his opinion. Th g. without closing the book at every page to medientiautesgoonf the former shared in the fire of Horner'sf mind of the latter exhibited the depth o B i t e z sa intellect.on the " But it was in the prevailing ora l principles by which they were regulated, that the minds was most striking and the -British hero, a sense of diisnitnlinnocrtati%c•haracsintegrleonfesstheeirf heart was the characteristic of pervaded the French duty his ruling principle ; w er e p ui r d oce fi e n d all ed y on we th rk e conqueror, and perhaps to himself, under a thi rs t f o r gloryarawas his invariable incentive ; but he veiled it to otlr u T . the belief,na the maxim that the end would ratify the means. Napoleon placed himself in every case kis desolated it for fifteen return . for Waterloo, placed name e a e t f tphaetrimeetaienss,Pif tjustnifiaebflor, years, with his warfare ; H of t E h e u r l oaEplro,apnoend, a o t ut th t e he he e sd nd Wellington at the head of its armies, and he gave it thirty yea rs of unbroken peace. The former thought only in peace of accumu latin g the resources of future wa r: th e l a tt er s o ught only in war the means of securing future peace, and fi na lly sheathing the sword of conquest. The one exhibited the most shining example of splendid talents devoted to temporal ambition and national aggrandizement ; 'the other, the noblest instance of moral influence directed to exalted purposes and national preservation. The foriner was in the end led to ruin, while blindly pursuinc , the meteor of worldly greatness; th e l a tt er was un - ambitiLsly conducted to final greatness while only following the star of public duty. * Wellington was a warrior, but he was so only to become a pacificator ; he has shed the blood of man, but it was only to stop the shedding of human blood ; he has borne aloft the sword of conquest, but it was only to plant in its stead the emblems of mercy. He has conquered the love of glory, the last infirmity of noble minds, by the love of peace, the first grace of the Christian character." VICTORIES OF THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. *** Bombardments and battles are marked b, s, distinguishing storms and sieges, cam., combats, and cap., capitulations. MALAVELLY, b . . . SERINGAPATAM, s . . HANGAL, s . . . . DU4MIJL, s . . . MALPOORBA, b . . . CONAGHUR, b . . ASSAYS, b • ARGATTM, b . . . GAWILGH UR, cap. . COPENHAGEN, b . ROLICA, b VIMIERA, b . DOURO, (passage). . . TALAVERA, b . . BUSACO, b TORRES VEDRAS, (lines) SABUGAL, b . . „ FUENTES D'ONORE, b . ALMEIDA, cap. . . . CIUDAD RODRIGO, s . BADAJOZ, s . . • - SALAMANCA, b . • • MADRID, (entry) . • • RETIRO, cap. . . • VITTORIA, b . . . • SORAOREN, b . . . . SAN SEBASTIAN, s . . BIDASSOA, b . . . . PA_MPELUNA, cap. . . NIVELLE, b . „ . NIVE, b . . ST. PIERRE, b ORT H b . AIRE, corn.. . TARBES, corn. . TOULOUSE, b . WATERLOO, b. March 27, 1799. May 4, 1799. July 14, 1800. July 26, 1800. July 30, 1800. July 31, 1800. Sept. 23, 1803. Nov. 28, 1803. Dec. 6, 1803. Sept. 2, 1807. Aug. 15, 1808. August 21, 1808. May 12, 1809. Ju1y27,28,1809. Sept. 27, 1810. Oct.B, 15, 18 10. April 3, 1811. May 5, 1811. May 12, 1811. Jan. 14, 1812. March 26, 1812. July 22, 1812. August 12,1812. August 13, 1812. June 21, 1813. July 28, 1813. August 23,1813. Oct. 8, 1813. Oct. 31, 1813. Nov. 9, 1813. Dec. 9, 18 13 . Dec. 13, 1813. Feb. 27, 1814. March 1, 1814. March 20, 1814. April 10, 1814. June 18, 1815. CONTEMPORARY OPINIONS. As a pendant to the catalogue of the Duke's military achievements, we may appropriately give some among the numerous expressions of homage to which his con temporaries have recently given utterance. To these expressions we prefix the noble and affecting tribute offered to his memory by tha Sovereign. QUEEN VICTORIA, in her last most gracious Speech from the Throne, thus alluded to the irreparable loss re cently experienced by the country— " I cannot meet you for the first time after the dissolution of Parliament, , without expressing my deep sorrow, in which I am sure I you will participate, that your deliberations can no longer be aided by the counsels of that illustrious man whose great achievements have exalted the name of England, and in whose loyalty and patriotism the inter ests of my Throne and of my people ever found an un failing support. I rely with confidence on your desire to join with me in taking such steps as may mark your sense of the irreparable loss which the country has sus tained by the death of Arthur Duke of Wellington." HER MAJESTY had already declared, on the 22d of September, in reference to the deceased warrior, that "in him her Majesty has to deplore a firm. supporter of her Throne, a faithful, wise, and devoted councillor, and a valued and honoured friend." THE EARL OF DERBY, as Prime Minister of •England, in speaking upon the same subject from his place in the House of Lords, said—" In the course of his long life, in the battle-field at the head of his troops, in the con gress of monarchs, in the councils of his nation, in the cabinet of his colleagues, in the closet of his Sovereign, in the assembled Parliament, unseduced by the lustre of his own bright name, and undazzled by the splendour of his ove transcendent glory, he steadfastly resisted lis tening to the aspirations of any wider ambition, and cast away from him as unworthy of consideration thoughts of personal interests." LORD BROUGHAM and in quoting his remarks we do not fail to remember that we are transcribing the words of one of the most illustrious contemporaries of the Duke of Wellington—has observed in the same as semblage, in alluding to the same calamity, that "there would have been no risk in foretelling that when this day unhappily should come, when he whose loss they all deplored was no more, every whisper of detraction would be hushed, and one voice would reverberate throughout the kingdom to acknowledge his transcendent merits ;" adding that " the result has surpassed expectation." LORD JOHN RUSSELL, in the Lower House, as Leader of the Opposition, has said, upon the like th eme —" Wi t h regard to the Duke of Wellington, I feel that while it re mains for the country and for history to do justice to his great merits, it remains for her Majesty's Ministers, for the House of Lords and the House of Commons, and for the country at large, to deplore the loss of those counsels which always inspired that good subject and ardent patriot." LORD PALmEßsToN—himself about the most dis tinguished among living statesmen—remarked in no less earnest terms, in allusion to the Duke of Wellington— " Of him, at present, I shall content myself by saying that I believe that never was there any other man in any other country whatever whose lot it was to render such great and important services to his country, or who had the good fortune to live so long in the enjoyment of the universal and unbounded love, respect, and admiration of his countrymen." And it is not merely now that these words of eulogium are heard in reference to the glory of the Conqueror of the Peninsula. Did not Moore long ago, sing in one of the most impassioned of his "Melodies ?" " While History's Muse the memorial was keeping Of all that the dark hand of Destiny weaves, Beside her the Genius of Erin stood weeping, For hers was the story that blotted the leaves. But oh 1 how the tear in her eyelids grew bright, When after whole pages of sorrow and shame, She saw History write With a pencil of light That illum'd the whole volume, her Wellington's name." Did not John Wilson Croker in his " Ode" on the Duke, written in 1814, call his " The noblest mind, the firmest heart?" Did not the present Chancellor of the Exchequer seve ral years since, in some verses published in the Morning Post, write thus in his poetic address to Wellington ? " Duty thine only idol, and serene When all are troubled ; in the utmost need Prescient ; thy country's servant ever seen, Yet sovereign of thyself whate'er may speed." Very recently Martin Farquhar Tupper; in the course of a " Dirge," suggested by the event of the 14th of last September, has admirably spoken of Wellington as— " Our Nelson of the land." _ _ The eugolistic opinions pronounced upon the departed warrior by the unanimous voice of the PRESS must, we conceive, at this moment, be borne very vividly in the popular recollection. Among these opinions it may not be altogether uninteresting to particularize some —to collect all would be a task as laborious as it would be unnecessary. The Times called him "the very type and model of an Englishman ;" observing that the " actions of his life were extraordinary, "but that his character was equal to his actions." The Morning Chronicle commended him, because "to flattery, as to misunderstanding, his iron character was alike invulnerable ;" closing its remarks with the ejacula tion, "Peace to the memory, and blessings on the name, of Arthur Duke of Wellington !" The Morning Herald applauded in him " an avoidance of glitter and show, an indomitable perseverance, an unhesitating loyalty, and a constant reference of every thing to the dictates of duty." manTheofMrs Morn ing f ge ; " addin g , n sh io Ost al most The Morning Post declared him to be "among the honours and possessions of which his country was truly and justly proud." will mourn one who has carried the military glory o f has seldom obetethneeelqagrnualealeteagdte wordha hammer, of m e r, the d e T hliDt delivered rk e e cdh o f directly re obsequies of after h the ieh The Daily Newsafttsfdnieaedeeilrdliynto,:,)rflhdimthitrthayt-s'e'vthene uyneaivresrosaflppeuabclei.e” n E e n v g e l r an su d rp t as o s a ed h : e , ight which Advertiser called him " the most popular that ever the sp oke prow fd hiee s t his of the corown " Nhae th an exhausting pand ra l those e a t n ; r G e rac smpe e ect. w s,t i a th nd o a t r h; lad r of hyperbole, said ornament is to be • g victory gave to the w . m Th e Globe very pithily expressed itself in one pas sage generations Th e Sun observedwill iu turn withthat—after e with those of r il e: otions of reverence, not were celebrated this morning—cc n f s e a a l g i l l e , l s i ktheheutahs—deir Everyokeso f a wholly, mgr oesattg glorious rlAio Cathedralu s !unalloyedwChurchalors oo of the regret, o to 'a :h e a r t t S h t e . Paul's, l' Anglo-Saxons , beneath ra race—Eng land the e d E o n m g e . of which will henceforth repose, side by side,the two land having wisely resolved to associate yet more inti mately, by the contiguity of their illustrious tombs, the kindred renown of her Nelson and her Wellington." The Examiner said very earnestly that "it is for his great life rather than for his great deeds that affectionate homage now rises on all sides to his memory." The Observer remarked, that the determination of the Crown to accord to the remains of the hero national ob sequies " cannot be regarded as otherwise than a grace ful and gracious admission of the Sovereign to all classes to take some share in the solemn proceedings, in which all feel as one, and in which all alike desire to participate." " The Weekly Dispatch said of the old warrior, "he had not outlived his service or his fame ; and he dies when neither could have been much increased lace alone "—ob serving of him, moreover, "in England he has long o th f been Th eloospkeedetautpoornrasemaarpkieedce, alitvingnohtistoonrye.'p' will feel a sense of something gone that ought to be there ; but in the main haunts, where all that is illustri ous in our land assemble for business and tor pleasure, there will the well-known face be missed, as something that e gaanvde the historic osion. ca grandeur and serious interest to the And so with all the journals o f th e U n it e d Kingdom, the expressions of res p ect and admiration f or the me mory of the Du ke o f Wellington have been cordial in their unaffected unanimity, and this we may add, not only with the journals of the United Kingdom, but with man y of the principal organs of public opinion printed in other parts of Christendom. . ;