The Sun. — London, England, 1848-09-08 00:00:00

FRANCE. [The following appeared in our Third Edition of last night] : At the close of the sitting of the National Assem bly yesterday, the proposition of M. FRESNEAII for the suppression of the preamble to the Constitution was negatived by a majority of 491 to 225. In the course of the discussion the objections to the preamble were most eloquently answered by M. LAMARTINE, who vindicated the right of the Assembly to place a declaration of principles in front of the Constitution. Be admitted the difficulty of fixing the limit of equality and the real interpretation of fraternity .amidst the different systems advanced of late by the different social sects, several of them with no other view than the subversion of society itself. He then attacked the agrarian system preached by Al. PROUD BON, which, he Maintained, would be the sterilization of the land, and denounced in indignant terms the insane doctrines of that individual, who declared property to be a robbery and denied the existence of GOD. M. LAMARTINE then justified the revolution .of February, which had overturned an oligarchy sod extended the political rights hitherto enjoyed by 250,000 persons to the universality of citizens, and the day after the revolution had abolished the penalty of death. This was an act of sublime fra ternity, which gave it a right to inscribe that principle in front of its Constitution. He had been, 'Le said, accused of Communism, and yet no man was penetrated with a greater respect for property, which be considered the remuneration of all labour. He had travelled much, and found everywhere property to be the exact scale of civilization and degradation of na tions. He was a partizan of the right to labour, but lie understood it in a manner widely different from certain visionaries, whose doctrines amounted to the annihilation of all capital, and consequently of all labour. He and his colleagues, assembled at the Hotel de Ville, thought that the proletarians placed in exceptionable circumstances, in times of calamity, ncapable to provide for a numerous family, from want of labour, illness, or any other justified cause, bad a right to be relieved by the Republic, in the name of the divine principle of fraternity, and they thought so, both for the sake of the proletarians and property itself, which was defended by laws, but was ;still better protected by benefits. This was what they understood by the right of labour, which the people bad moreover conquered by the blood it had shed for the establishment of the Republic. PIEDMONT. Letters from Turin of the 2d instant state that the Austrians still retained the materiel of war which the Piedmontese had left at Peschiera, in violation of the express stipulations of the armistice of the 9th August. The Austrians made a similar charge against the Piedmontese for not withdrawing their troops and fleet from Venice, although they had them selves conveyed an open order to that effect from King CHARLES ALBERT to the Sardinian Ad miral AL➢INI, and that they well knew that his MAJESTY was most anxious for the return of those troops. The Austrians also insisted on the evacua tion of Osopo, a small fortress of the province of Udine, which was totally independent of Piedmont. The Sardinian Cabinet vainly objected that it could exercise no control over the garrison. Marshal RADE/In' continued to make it a pretext for not executing the clause of the armistice respecting 1 1'es ch i era . WEST LONDON RAILWAY. The half-yearly general meeting of the proprietors and shareholders of this company took place yester day, at the London Tavern. H. H. Grounds, Esq., the chairman of the com pany, took the chair at one o'clock, and the usual for malities having been grone through, The SECRETARY read the report, from which it appeared that the directors, although their efforts had been unceasing, had not been successful in prevailing won the Londen and North-Western and Great Western Railway Companies to carry into effect the power they had obtained from Parliament, to alter and enlarge the line, although both companies had expressed their intention to carry them fully into effect, but stated that they were prevented from doing so in consequence of the present position of railway property. From the statements of the receipts and disbursements it appeared that the total receipts amounted to 279,285/. 13s. 9d., those of the last half year being 2,417/. 12s. ld. The total disbursements 277,868/. 3s. 5d., and those of the last half-year being 1,547/. 163., leaving a balance of cash in hand amounting to 1,4171. 103. aid. After some discussion, in the course of which the SECRETARY stated that he felt convinced, from the interviews he had had with Mr. Creed, Mr. Saunders, and Mr. Parker, that both the London and North- Western and the Great Western Companies were sin cere ; and after some observations from Mr. Gunter, Mr. Campion, and Mr. Kirby, the report was adopted. Thanks were voted and unanimously carried to the chairman and directors, and the meeting separated. STEAM ON COMMON ROADS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Six,—lt would not have been necessary for me to say more on this subject, if Mr. Motley (in his communication appearing in The Sun of the 23d ult.) had not placed a construction on my first letter it does not bear. If my mea n i ng was not t h en su ffi c i ently precise, I may amend it now, by stating that the details desired were not the mere details of the con struction of the engine (for this can concern the public at large but little), but of its performance; for pre suming the engine perfect as a pice of mechanism, it does not follow it should be successful in a commercial point of view. The improvements proposed by Sir James Anderson in his new carriage were known to me ; it was, there fore, competent for me to form a judgment how far it was likely to fulfill those conditions, which I con sidered and stated as essential to the practical introduction of steam on common road: and Mr. Motley has not y e t s h own those difficulties' to be overcome ; the first and chief one, which is the fric tion from the road surface, still remains in full force, and it is impossible that Sir James A n d erson ' s, or , any other invention (where the driving wheels are in contact with the level surface), can, within itself, modify this friction. An effort to overcome the second and third difficulty has been made by Sir James, in proposing to drive by belts, which enables the cranks, &c., to be independent of the driving wheels, and consequently free from those severe strains which they would otherwise be subject to from the inequalities of the road surface; so far these essen tial conditions are accomplished, provided the guile percha belts do not s lip or b ecome e l onga t e d, w h ere th e resistance to motion is materially increased, either from ascending steep in c li nes , or overcom i ng t h e friction arising from an imperfect road surface— " result which may be looked for almost with certainty. My assertion, then, is strictly true, that Sir James Anderson's invention does not overcome the diffi cultiPs which I considered were in the way. Mr. Motley reads my last communication in direct opposition to that which I clearly mean, for he makes me to say that the friction of the engine is more im portant to decrease than that arising from the road, whereas the latter is what I state inventors should endeavour to decrease, and not to create a power to overcome it. It is on this point I consider the excel lency of Mr. Wrigg's invention consists, as it accom plishes, within itself, that which at a great outlay Mr. Motley proposes by wood pavement—the preparation of a road. While on this subject I should state my observations on the difficulties overcome by Mr. Wrigg's patent were the results of personal examina tions ; I do not, therefore, think Mr. Motley has been consistent, without assigning any reason, to pronounce upon the efficacy of an invention of which he cannot possibly have had any opportunity of framing an opini on ; so th a t h e appears t o h ave f a ll en into the very same error of which he improperly accuses me. The plan proposed of laying a timber way did not escape my attention, but as I am not aware of this forming any part of Sir James Anderson's plans (to which my observations were confined) ) I did not notice it, f or th a t wou ld , in f ac t , b e d ea l ing with a r oa d fa Td, Which isrualecarrTge, and not a carriage for a subject under consideration. The real object of communication was, m t y reply to Mr. Motley's former and expenditure uph , n o get an ascot*it of the income England, upon Which a'r length of average road in ply h ten Sir James Anderson may be supposed to carriage. These are the •details which I consider team the public should have, before they win notconvinced. there is any chance of success. I needthis has not yet been given, notwithstanding thesadyisplay in figures at the end of Mr. Motley's last com unt!cation ; for to draw conclusions of the profits to arise from an example of that supposed to accrue on the road to Hounslow, is far, very far, from fbeoinanglify'de Park know on this road the traffic is great, the all incl Ve very moderate, and the surface good. If Mr. Motley ininclines wishes to make a good impression on the public mind, let time deal with the subject as it is likely to exist' by taking any length of road having reasonable traffic' the average inclinations which are to be met w ith on our main roads, and the imperfections of surface which will be met with on this road show us in detail the work the engine will have to perform with a given load, the cost of performing it, not forgetting wear and tear, and the income from passengers and other resources. Such a statement, if fairly made in detail, THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 8, 1848. will convey to the public mind conviction of the commercial success or failure of Sir James Ander son's plans. In conclusion, I would request Mr. Motley not to rank me as an opponent to the introduction of steam on common roads ; on the contrary, I am a warm advocate of it, when wisely attempted ; but I am not an advocate for the introduction of plans that cannot succeed, which I believe to be the case with Sir James Anderson's, because every failure adds to the difficulty of convincing the public that any plan for introducing steam on common roads can succeed, so great is the prejudice against it.—l have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant, ROBERT WEEKES London, Aug. 29, 1848. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. A German Jew, named Henry Freedman, was brought before the Lord Mayor, charged with having robbed Mrs. Sarah Wingrave of 301. in Bank of Eng land notes. The complainant is the wife of a City policeman, but at the time the robbery was committed she was a widow ; her name was Davis, and she kept a board ing and lodging house for foreigners in Jewry-street. About two years ago a gentleman, who had been in troduced to her by a minister, brought the prisoner to her house, and represented him to be a gentleman of unquestionable respectability. The consequence was that he was received as an occasional boarder, and considered to be unexceptionable in every point. On the very first occasion, however, on which his inte grity was put to the test he broke down. The rent and taxes of the house having become due, the com plainant at his request handed over to him a 201. and a 101. note, with which he declared he could satisfy the landlord, whose demand exceeded that amount, and he went away with the money and never re appeared until last Wednesday, when witness saw him in the street, but could not communicate with him, as she was in an omnibus. The next day, however, she observed him gliding along, and following him to Leman-street, saw him knock at a door and walk into the house, to which she very quickly introduced a policeman, who apprehended him upon the charge of robbery. The LORD MAYOR—The affair strikes me as one into which it is my duty to make a close investiga tion. I wish to know, complainant, what represen tions he made to you before you intrusted this money to him ? The complainant—He asked me to marry him, and told me that he could raise me to a much more respectable and comfortable condition than that in which I was placed. I consented, and he put up the banns in my own parish church, St. Olave's, Hart-street, and we were to be married on the Mon day following, but he was off on the Thursday, when I thought he had gone to make all right with my landlord, taking with him the 201. he owed me, and the 301. he positively stole from me. The LORD MAYOR—I remand the prisoner till Saturday, when you must attend. I shall then de termine what shall be done. GUILDHALL. A gentlemanly looking young man, named William Nash, was charged with stealing a horse and gig, the property of Mr. Stapleton. William Green, a servant in the employ of Mr. Stapleton, livery-stable keeper, in New Broad-street, City, said, that on Tu es d a y wee k l as t t h e pr i soner came to his master's place and hired a horse and gig. He was ordered to go with him in the capa city of servant, and did so. The prisoner drove to the Angel at Edmonton, and after ordering a dinner took a stroll out, saying that he had a sister at Mrs. Pike's academy, and should like very much to see her. After being absent some time he returned, and having taken his dinner ordered the horse and gig to the door, saying that he was going to take his sister for a short ride, and that he would be back to tea, at the same time ordering that meal. However, he never returned, nor did the witness again see him until he was taken into custody on Tuesday at the Three Nuns, Aldgate. The horse and gig had not as yet been traced. There were also three capes, be longing to a coachman, taken of the value of 10s. A Mr. Scott here stepped forward, and said that he had been swindled in the same manner by the pri soner, and called Philip Watson, who said he was a servant to Mr. Scott, livery stable keeper, New Cavendish-street, Portland-place, and that on Sunday, the 27th ult., the prisoner entered his master's mews, and said he wished for a saddle-horse to proceed to Barnett, and ordered it to be at Mr. Neighbour's coffee-house in Cannon-street, at 11 o'clock the following morning. He said his name was Nash, and that he was one of the firm of Nash and Co., the large sugar merchants in Great Arthur-street, City. The horse was accord ingly taken at the proper time, when the prisoner mounted the animal and rode away, but not before witness asked him for the money ; upon which he told him that he had only notes about him, but that if he went to his brother Thomas in Great Arthur-street, he would at once receive the guinea. He directly mounted his horse, and went to Messrs. Nash and Co., but they denied all knowledge of the prisoner, and he had not met with him since until taken into custody. At the time of sending him to his brother, prisoner told him to go and order a dinner for him at the Adelaide Hotel, London-bridge, which he did. Alderman FINNIS—And I suppose he has run up a bill there ? Witness—He has. Alderman Firnsis asked what other evidence there was. Mr. Thomas Roach, the landlord of the Angel Inn at Edmonton, said, the prisoner, accompanied by the first witness, arrived at his house about one o'clock on the afternoon of Wednesday week, when he im mediately ordered dinner for himself and his servant, at the same time telling him to let the latter have whatever he liked. He called for sherry and biscuits, and had his dinner about four o'clock. About half-past nine o'clock he went, as he said, to take kis sister (stated to be at Mrs. Pike's) for a drive, and gave directions that tea should be ready on his return. He did not, however, return at all. Previous to his starting he borrowed from witness 2s. 6d., as he saa he might perhaps have to pay some turnpikes ; and he was weak enough to lend it to him. Alderman FINNIS—And had you no suspicion ? Mr. Roach—Not the slightest, as I thought I had his servant in pledge.—(Laughter.) James Ball, a coachman to Mr. Gray, of Earl street, Blackfriars, deposed that on last Tuesday week the prisoner came to his employer's and ordered a horse and chaise, and he was directed to go with him. They went to the Crown and Sceptre, Greenwich, and put up there, the prisoner ord er i ng th e c h a i se to be ready a t half-past nine o'clock, after which he went out, but did not return, leaving him " in pawn," in the same way as he had served the other witness. Several parties here said that they had no doubt, if the case was adjourned, many more charges would be brought against him. The prisoner was then removed. LAMBETH. Mary Ann West, a middle-aged woman, with an infant in her arms, was charged before Mr. Elliott with having caused the death of Elizabeth Sheelds, her mother, by violently assaulting her on the evening of the 30th of last month. Sergeant Joseph Rowles, 17 L, stated that on the 31st of last month the prisoner was brought to this court on a charge of having violently assaulted her own mother, and on that occasion was ordered to find bail for three months to keep the peace towards her mother. The mother since that time had been at tended by Dr. O'Shea, and had died that (yesterday) morning at eight o'clock from the effects, as it was alleged, of the injuries she received. Witness, upon being informed of deceased's death, went in pursuit of the prisoner, and on taking her into custody men tioned that it was for causing the death of her mother by violence. She did not deny the charge, but said that her mother had be en an h a bi tual drunkard. Mr. Richard Hemmings, a :tailor, residing at 11, Lower Marsh, Lambeth, deposed that the deceased occupied a small room in his house, and on the even ing of the 30th of August he heard a considerable noise down stairs, which caused him to leave his work, and go to see what was the matter ; and on reaching the bottom of the stairs saw the deceased and the prisoner struggling violently one with the other, and they appeared as if they had been fighting. The deceased in a moment or two fell with consider able force, her head coming in contact with one of the steps, dragging her daughter upon her. Witness endeavoured to separate them, but being unable sent for a constable, who succeeded in getting them apart, and took the prisoner into custody. The witness, in conclusion, said that during the whole of the time the deceased occupied his lodging she was drunk, or nearly so. Inspector Roger here remarked that the deceased both at the station and this court, exhibited marks of serious violence. Her face was much swollen, her eyes blackened, and she had all the appearance of having been severely beaten with the fist. The con stable, he said, had not been able to procure further evidence for the present. A certificate from Dr. O'Shea was put in, which described the death of the deceased to have been the result of violence ; and the prisoner was remanded to a future day. Inspector Roger requested the advice of the Ma gistrate about 271. in gold which had been found in the room of the deceased after her death, and which, it husba appearnd ed, was i n th e possess i on o f t h e pr i soner ' s The husband of the prisoner said that he received 2 1) . 1 5 1 / t . h o : wthaast morning f rom a b rot h er- i n -l aw o f hi s, thelicearteheonf,wti willin g to give up all that was l e ft o f it t o 11* bye officer. He the M ag i strate, gave up 221. to Mr. Roger. a W ORS HIP-STREET Sarah Ladd, distressed sempstress, was placed at the bar before Mr. Arnold for final examination, charged with unlawfully disposing of six stripped regatta shirts, the property of Messrs. H. and M. Moses, outfitters on Tower-hill. The prisoner was intrusted with the shirts in ques tion by a woman named Lyons, who was in the habit of working for another woman in Messrs. Moses's employment, and Lyons, out of charity for her dis tressed condition, paid her the same she herself re ceived—ls. 3d. per dozen, the warehouse price being 2s. per dozen. The prisoner pawned the articles for 35., and was given into custody by Lyons, but solely for the purpose of procuring their restoration, as the prisoner was found in the lowest stage of wretchedness, without food, and sleeping in a corner on a heap of rags. The magistrate remanded the accused, as the charge was pressed, that he might con sider what to do with her, and the case meantim e excited the commiseration f a number of benevolent persons, who forwarded the following donations, which they expressed a wish to have an acknowledgment of in the papers :—" W. P.," 1/. ; " The Pupils at a Ladies' School," 125.; " Mrs. M. C. C.," 55.; "E. J. 8.," and "T. E. B. " ss. ; " Beta," 55. ; ' anonymous 35.; "H. G. H.," 105. ; "M. C.," ss. ; " A Lady," 10s.; and "A. P. C„" 10s. These were contributed for the benefit of Ladd and the subjoined were for Sarah Lyons :—" Beta," ss. ; " E. J. 8.," and "T. E. 8.," 53.; and " A Lady," 10s. In the interval between the examinations, however, the magistrate received an intimation that Ladd was somewhat addicted to habits of " tippling," as the officer expressed it, and, that the donations might not be contributed to an undeserving object, he di rected Rowland, the warrant-officer, to make a searching inquiry into her general habits and charac ter. The result of this was a report from Rowland that, upon inquiring of a firm for which Ladd had worked at similar articles for about two years, they spoke in favourable terms of her honesty, but added, that she was unfortunately occasionally in the habit of drinking, and the same statement was confirmed by a relative of her landlady, who likewise complained that the prisoner had lodged with her for several weeks and paid her nothing; though he (the officer) had certainly ascertained beyond doubt that she had been for a long time past suffering from extreme dis tress and privation. The prisoner positively denied that there were any grounds for the imputation alleged against her, and asked for the money ; but Mr. ARNOLD said, however anxious he always was to treat with as merciful a consideration as the facts of the case and the law would allow him all persons placed in the prisoner's position, he could not con scientiously recommend the payment of the forwarded subscriptions to her, and regretted to find that he was constrained by the character he had received of her to such a course. As part of the money had been sent for the express purpose of liberating the articles from the pawnbroker's, he should not countervail the donor's wishes, but should order it to be so applied, and discharge the prisoner; but the remainder ha felt it his duty to retain in his hands, until some of his charitable correspondents should see the result of the case in the newspapers, and forward him directions as to their wishes for its ultimate disposition. The por tion of the subscription, however, which had been sent for the use of the woman Lyons, he should order to be handed over to her, as he considered that her conduct had been m ar k e d by extreme good feeling and kindness towards the prisoner ; and, unless he received contrary directions from the contributors, he should apply the other money to the purposes of the poor- box . _ _ At the conclusion of the case a gentleman, who stated himself to belong to Messrs. Moses's house, made several urgent attempts to offer some observa tions, but was stopped by the magistrate, who told him that nothing affecting the character of his firm had been brought under his notice, and he must there fore decline to hear him. The prisoner was then discharged, and upon sub sequently applying and appealing to the magistrate for charity, he presented her with ss. THAMES. Walter King, a waterman, residing in Lucretia street, New-cut, Lambeth, was brought before Mr. Ballantine, on remand, charged with burglariously breaking into and entering the premises of Mr. John Hawkins, wholesale grocer and tea dealer, Half-- moon-passage, High-street, Whitechapel, and steal ing therefrom a chest of tea, a quantity of wearing apparel, and other property. Air. BALLANTINE intimated that he should commit the prisoner for trial, but he should give further time for the police to prosecute their inquiries until Sa turday, when the prisoner will again be brought up. A SHOAL OF WHALES.—On Monday last (says ,he Rossshire Advertiser) the peaceful village of Saltburn, near Invergordon, was thrown into considerable excite ment by the sudden appearance of a large shoal of bottle nosed whales peperforming their gambols at a short dis tance from the shore. One of the villagers who was fortunate enough to have all his wits about him in this unlooked-for visitation, having hastily mustered a strong force well armed with muskets, hatchets, and pitchforks, boldly rowed into the heart of the assemblage, and in a few hours succeeded in bringing 29 of them to land. A few of the multitude of spectators, stimulated by this hero's example, and encouraged by his success, wisely judging the occasion no time for idly looking on, eagerly joined in the sport, and after many " hair breadth 'capes" and a world of trouble, contrived to secure as much of the spoil as made the entire number captured 45. Some of them measured lA feet in length. On Tuesday morning, what with the tossing and heaving of the dying monsters, the bustling activity of the blubber cutters, and the crowds of visitors from the surrounding country, the shore presented an unusual scene of ani mation. Being divested of all their fat, the carcases were carted off by the farmers in the neighbourhood for manure. About 60 large casks containing the blubber are to be shipped for the south, and it is hoped the pro ceeds will be such as to remunerate the owners for their labour and risk. These whales do not contain much oil, but still the capture on this occasion is of considerable value. Wo understand that seven of them were left ashore on the Sands of Nigg, but none on the Cromarty side of the firth. On the succeeding evening several of these monsters passed up the firth, and were stranded on the bank of the south channel at Fowlis Point, when a number of persons set to work and seven were brought to land. On Wednesday evening another shoal came up to Ardullie Point, and 12 were secured in the small haven to the westward, measuring from 11 to 16 feet in length. These, the last of the shoal, occasioned a regular turn out of the people of Dingwall and the neighbour.. hood, who hied in all modes of conveyance to see those wonders of the deep—a similar sight never having been witnessed in this quarter. The bottle-nose whale is fre quently seen at Cromarty, but never further up, or in such numbers as on the present occasion. The shoal must have consisted of hundreds, for while about 70 were taken in all, large numbers escaped. THE COAST PRECAUTIONS.—The Barbary, Mackey, from this port to New York, with emigrants, had to put into Valencia harbour from stress of weather. She was at once boarded by the coastguards and the police, who made close search, lest any of the insurgents flying from justice should have been on board. Immediately after the Dragon steam-frigate made her appearance, and fired a gun; in a few minutes she was alongside the emigrant ship. The first Lieutenant, accompanied by a party of marines, went on board the Barb ara, called over the ship's ist, and then made a searching examination through the vessel without finding anything suspicious. —Galway Vindicator. ORIGIN OP TRUE BLUE.—Everybody has heard and made use of the phrase " true blue;" but everybody does not know that its first assumption was by the Cove nanters, in opposition to the scarlet badge of Charles I.; and hence it was t a k en b y t h e troops of Lesley and Mon trose, in 1639. The adoption of the colour was one of those religious pedantries in which the Covenanters affected a pharisaical observance of the Scriptural letter, and the usages of the Hebrews; and thus, as they named their children Habakkuk and Zerubbabel, and their chapels Zion and Ebenezer, they decorated their persons with blue rib bons, because the following sumptuary precept was g i ven in the law of Moses :—" Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them to make to themselves fringes on the bor ders of their garments, putting in them ribbons of else." Numb. xv., 38.—Scotch Reformers' Gazelle. MORE SUSPECTED POISONING.—There has been a excitement,the last t fe w in the village days,go o good deal Bradfield,of talk, owing to a report prevailing that an inhabitant who died dauring little th suddenly a few months since, died from the effects of poison. Many of the most respectable parishioners are very anxious the body should be exhumed, and the usual tests applied to the stomach, but hitherto no desided step has been taken. We understand the clergyman dis courages the idea of disinterment as well as Mr. Codd, the Coroner, who have both been consulted—the latter gentleman, on the ground that an inquest was held upon the body immediately after death, and a verdict of " Na tural Death" returned. But surely this is not a sufficient reason for preventing investigation, after suspicion has arisen, and evidence is ready to be adduced in support of the suspici on . Wh atever may be the forms necessary to be gon e th roug h to effect a disinterment, we trust the ui alleged l ha l e s °t g e: e ed after w m a a nu y dr what :l e h t f rh a e t t pieonvluaegcrtheyh,t the relative asept s jige t v a che n tbe d todo parishioners will per severe i n the use of them, as nothing b h hy e i anpa f ct u aui l lrr e oei s nea t isdny i g n n q otiw u a i ia r p y ta aspwki i rininect taking Express. tTohw ? nr ß ey E he E sa N tse O rb C de K ain a S an E rd r e p T te . or. 4 dt a r ey, ,eßitrhueaitutloatuthißeensreot were reeCreeßgothwLezoußt cases of of cholera on board the brig Reliance, which arrived here on Saturday evening from Cronstadt. A consider able degree of uneasiness has been the consequence, but, as the affair has been greatly exaggerated, no apprehen sion whatever need be felt. There was one case of cholera of a most malignant character, on board the Reliance, which took place about seventeen days bef ore she arrived in the Clyde, and so rapid was the pro gress of the disease, that the unfortunate subject expired after two was e hours' ne caseof sickness illness. On the e n board, vessel's and the arrival tide. here there snrveyor, who examined the vessel, immediately sent for a medical man, when it appeared that the patient had merely a facial) disease—something like erysipelas. He was at once taken to the infirmary, and the vessel was relieved from quarantine. The order of the Board of Customs to the tide-officers, dated 15th Juno last, is to the effect, that any vessel which may have had a case of cholera on board, but not within ten days prior to her arrival, and none of whose crew may have, within that period, exhibited symptoms of the malady, shall be relieved from quarantine.—North Nritish Afar THE NEW FOREST PROSECU TIONS. On Wednesday, at the Queen's House, Lyndhurst, the examinations arising out of the Government in quiries in the New Forest were continued. The ma gistrates were H. C. Compton, Esq., M.P., General Robbins, Mr. W. H. Sloane Stanley, and Mr. Smith. Mr. Coxwell, of Southampton, appeared as solicitor for the Crown ; Mr. Brown, of Lymington, Mr. George Pocock, of Southampton, and Mr. Moore, of Wimborne, were for the defence. J. Light, the timber merchant, was charged on a further information with stealing five beech trees from Busketts, in the New Forest, in December, 1846. It was proved, on the evidence of two woodmen, that a large quantity of timber had been cut in Busketts for firewood at the period in question. At the same time some large trees were felled. One of them was very large, measuring 118 feet. The prisoner's timber waggons came and carried the larger trees away, with the exception of the very large one, which they would not bear. That tree has since disappeared. None of the trees were marked by the Crown officers for sale. On cross-examination of one of the witnesses, it appeared that the large trees were adjacent to the house of a Mr. Timpson, and that They were felled in order that he might have a better view from his windows. The prisoner was committed. J. Reed, assistant to his father, the Deputy Sur veyor of the New Forest, was then charged, together with P. Andrews, a timber merchant, not in custody, with stealing beech timber from Ashurst-walk. There was another charge against Mr. Reed of ap propriating to his own use moneys received for fuel wood, the property of the Crown, but this was not gone into in consequence of the absence of a material witness. Charles Holman, a young man employed by the , who was a f o r eman i n th e had b een emp l oye d i n J anuary cut under timber A r s hurst .walk by the direction of Mr. Reed. He cut six larg e t rees measur i ng alto gether as much as 500 feet. last forest, Crown t o deposed Cross-examined—Mr. Reed gave no directions to him to cut the trees. He had not heard him give such directions. He only understood he had done so. The Crown Solicitor admitted that in consequence of the absence of a material witness, and the effect of this cross-examination, he was unable to carry the case further. He proposed to apply for a remand, but Mr. Brown, on the prisoner's behalf, said he would at once consent that the prisoner should be bound over to appear at the sessions to answer any charge that might be brought against him. The magistrates consented, and the prisoner was admitted to bail accordingly. [lt is understood that the circumstance to which the failure of the Crown in this and other cases is at tributed, is the attempt of an important witness to commit suicide. The party lies in h very dangerous state, and is quite unable to give any evidence.] G. Bowles, a keeper in the forest, and J. Coles, a wheelwright (both of whom were charged with timber stealing last week, when the cases were dis missed), were again charged with stealing five oak -trees from Boldre Weod-walk, in March or April, 1847. . . The Solicitor for Coles applied that the cases should be heard separately, Bowles being a very ma terial witness for his client. The Crown Solicitor opposed the application, and intimated, moreover, that he should go into evidence as to several distinct transactions. The Solicitor for Bowles hoped the Court would insist upon the evidence being confined to the one charge that had been opened. The magistrates did not acquiesce in either appli cation on behalf of the prisoner. W. Hayter, parish clerk of Gorely, deposed that he had frequently carried timber for Coles. On the 22d of April, 1847, Coles engaged him to send a waggon and team of four horses for timber to Boldre Wood Lodge (Bowles's residence). Once before, namely, on the 13th of March, in the same year, Coles engaged him to go to Bowles's for the same purpose. Once in the present year, namely, on the 9th of June, 1648, he had also gone to Bowles's for timber by Coles's desire. Mr. Coles paid him for going upon each occasion. T. Hayter, carter to the last witness, deposed that he had been to Boldre Wood on several dif . ferent occasions for timber. In March, 1847, - he went with four horses for " a stick." Saw Air. Bowles, who told him to take it up and deliver it to Mr. Coles. It was a large stick. In April, 1847, he went again. Saw Mr. Bowles, who pointed out two trees. Witness took them by his directions, and dropped them in front of Coles's house. This year he had been once, and taken two trees and a piece also by Mr. Bowles's directions. Bowles and Coles were together upon that occasion. Part of the tree he had taken upon that occasion was now in a waggon outside the court. (A large waggon load of fine timber seized at Coles's was drawn up outside the Queen's House.) Cross-examined—Took the timber along the public road in broad daylight, and dropped it in a public place. - H. Wareham, apprentice to Mr. Coles, deposed that Hayter had frequently been in the habit of bringing timber to Mr. Coles's, and that he remem bered his having brought trees there last year and this year. Had assisted to work up this timber. Part of the timber was in Coles's yard that morning, and had been brought over to the cottrt that day. Other portions had been used in Coles's trade. Parts had been used in Bowles's cottage ; part in fencing Ellingham-churchyard. This case was proceeding when the last train left, the court had been sitting throughout the day. MEETING OF MIDDLESEX MA GISTRATES. The usual periodical meeting of county magistrates took place yesterday at the Courthouse, Clerkenwell green ; Mr. Pownall occupied the chair. INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL. _ . The reports of the several county prisons having been aid before the Court, Mr. ARMSTRONG, pursuant to notice, rose to move, " That as great numbers of the male and female pri soners discharged from the prisons of this county, from being tot , ,lly ignorant of any tr a d e or b us i ness, an d f or want of an honest calling, have no means of obtaining a livelihood, and are, consequently, t em pt e d aga i n t o th e immediate commission of crime, whereby they again and again incur the penalty of the law, to the great injury of society, and heavy expense to t h e ratepayer o f t h e county; it is expedient that an application be made to Parliament to empower this Court to sanction the estab lishment of a voluntary House of Industry to which such discharged prisoners may resort for instruction in some useful employment, handicraft, or trade, by the in dustrious exercise of which th ey may b e rescue d f rom the temptations incident to ignorance, idleness, and vice, and be no longer a disgrace to the community, and a burden to on the ; and that a comm itt ee b e ap pointed report t o thi s court on t h e b es t modeestablishingof consider public ande the same, and to what extent." Since he last addressed the court, upon this subject, a meeting under the auspices of the Duke of Richmond, having reference to the reformation of juvenile offenders, had been held in the City, but the resolutions passed at that meeting did not, according t o hi s j u d gment , touc h the evil on its merits. A meeting of the patrons of ragged schools, beaded by Lord Ashley, had also been held, and one of its propositions was, that the Govern ment should annually send out, as free settlers to the Australian colonies, a certain number of the youths that attended the ragged schools. To some extent this had been acceded to by the Government, but when the boys were sent out they would have no knowledge of any trade or business by which they could earn a living. The main object of the proposed industrial school would be to remedy this evil, for in it those criminals, who were ignorant of any trade, would be taught one, and . the t ulti mate result of that would be their restore on to a respectable position in society, instead of their being again driven to crime as a means of subsist ence. Th e H on. Mag i strate h ere procee d e d to g i ve, in minute detail, the statistical portion of the Inspector- General of Prisons' Report, to show that the expense at present borne by t h e county i n th e m a i n t enance and prosecution of offenders was considerably more than the expense of maintaining the proposed industrial school would be. The public attention had latterly been much turned to the subject of emigration, and the Government, he thought, had not given it that sanction which the sub ject required. If this industrial school was established, those who parto o k o f i ts b ene fi ts wou ld h ave the power civilised l t za of providing th emselves with the means o f emigration to Australia, and w h ere labour could not be found, and where absurd.could ab oTuhn ed n y. o t should b T e o a taltalk of found, t allm reformation e t a h n s e toarts ino a prison wif,ies ar wouldin f pre vent crime, and the proposed industrial school would, he was sure, prove the greatest blessing the Court could bestow upon the county. Mr. B. ROTCH said he would second the motion upon two grounds; first, that it wou ld b e a di sg race to that Court that such a m o ti on cou ld not find a seconder; and the second ground was, t h at any suppor t g iven to such a motion assisted the great cause of the improvement of prison discipline now in existence, and which every phi lanthropist considered wrong. Sir P. LAURIE said that he came to the Court for the sole purpose of givi ng thi s mo tion all the opposition he could, for he conside re d, if carr ied into practice, it would for have the effect of pl ac i ng a p re mium upon crime ; or none but a criminal wou ld partake of the benefits offered by these establishments, and those who were honest and suffering at the present moment would be tempted to commit crime, t o ava il themselves of those institu tions, to which a prison would be like a turnpike-sate— it must be passed through, before they could enjoy the comforts th e school romised. He apprehended that, his Honour a bl e Friend Mr. Armstrong had been study ing the French Revolution, and the grand scheme which had b een propoun d e d under it (the ateliers nationaux); and if so, he had seen the result. He oh.• arenajected to thi s Court 'being made the of political agitation, and it was not consistent with propriety to petition Parliament. Parliament had given them cer tain powers, amongst which was the entire control of the county prisons; and they had not the power to under take the management of an industrial school. For his own part he had never seen a reformed criminal; in fact, he would walk twenty miles to see one. A criminal could procure sympathy, but a poor, struggling, honest man could not. That was not as it should be. He saw in an Australian paper he had received that morning that at the last meeting of the Legislative Council there it had been stated that out of every hundred Government emigrants to that colony, ninety-five turned out useless or bad. He had the fact from a gentleman recently returned from Australi a , an d who had stated his views in a conference with Lord Palmerston, that the very best shepherds had been London pickpockets; and if a cargo of convicts and a cargo of Govern ment emigrants were to arrive at the colony to gether, the farmers would rush to the convict ship, and beg to engage the convicts in preference to the emigrants. Ile must again protest against the Court taking part in political matters ; though the Court of Common Council and the Marylebone Vestry did it, it was not proper, and it would be a shame to this Court to sanction the resolution. The acts and condect of a magistrate, and especially a body of magistrates, ought to be dignified and reserved, for there was that in the name of a magistrate which gave more than ordinary im portance to whatever they undertook. The magistrates of this county, it appeared, had made themselves so ob noxious, that the Lord Chanceller would not approve of a list of names, 32 he believed, that the Lord Lieutenant had sent in to be placed on the commission. Ile (Sir Peter Laurie) had done his duty in opposing this motion, and while he trusted the Court would do what it could in the promotion of emigration and transportatioa, he did trust that it would withhold its sanction to the proposition at present before it. It had been agitated before, and it was the opinion of the most philanthropical individuals that the proposed scheme was a visionary affair. Mr. &ilex declined to give the motion his support, and quoted the following evidence, given by Lord Den man before the Select Committee of the Lords, to in quire into the administration of the criminal law. " I greatly dread," said his Lordship, " the effect of giving them benefits or privileges, which they never could have hoped for, but from the commission of crime. I own myself extremely jealous of the instruction given to a young felon in a trade, merely because he is a felon, and of the displacement of the honest from employment, by means of the former obtaining it. . . I hold the only legitimate end of punishment is to deter from crime, but I think I see in the theories of benevolent men, such a mode of administering the criminal law, as to encourage instead of deterring.' Mr. KEMP/MA.lr thought that industrial schools would be a ruinous competition to the honest tradesmen. Mr. VALENTINE KNIGHT was one of those whom Sir l'eter Laurie called visionaries, because they considered that industry and humanity were the best antidotes to crime, and did not think that a child once a felon, should, because it had once erred, be a felon when a man, and remain with a brand upon him to the end of his days. fir. ARMSTRONG, in reply, urged the importance o ho motion. The motion was then put from the chair, when there appeared, For the motion 6 Against Majority against . CONDEMNATION OP THE HOUSE OF CORRECTION. A presentment, signed by Mr. Rotch and Mr. Rose, two of the visiting justices of the above prison, was put in, in which they declare the present House of Correc tion in Coldbath-fields, to be unfit for the purposes of a prison. trials on the river where so many obstructions occur, and as their Lordships hoisted the Admiralty flag on the Niger to-day, an excellent opportunity offers to promote a deserving and most zealous servant. After the trial their Lordships left at Sheerness for a visit at that port. The Plumper broke down, and was towed back to Woolwich. The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty occupied so much time in officially inspecting Sheerness Dockyard that they had not time to proceed to Chatham, and re turned to Woolwich in the Dover, and arrived at Wool wich at ten minutes before seven P.M. The Niger had arrived about five minutes previous in excellent condi tion, and all on board much pleased with the result. The Niger, from her performance to-day, is expected to make 10i knots on the next trial, and she has every appearance of proving an excellent sailing vessel. - - _ SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM TEE MORNING PAPERS OF TEIS DAT. TIMES.--The French Revolution of 1848 has been fruitful in phenomena; but no phenomenon has been more striking than the fate of M. Lamartine. His move. meat and his brilliancy were those of a meteor. His obscuration has been as sudden and as startling. For two months he was the star of promise and hope that gleamed with solitary lustre athwart the darkened sky of France. Every other actor in the melodrame of its politics was viewed by some party or another with sus picion, jealousy, or dislike. The rich hated Louis Blanc, the botageoisie dreaded Ledru Rollin. Foreigners looked with mixed fear and distrust on men who were pledged to principles subversive of civil order, if not hostile to international concord. But Lamartine conciliated all classes and all opinions. His tone of refinement de lighted the high-born and well-to-do. His eloquent liberalism charmed the disciples of liberty and equality; his apparent moderation disarmed the sullenness of foreign nations, while the dash of chivalry and the op portune courage he displayed won for him the admira tion of his own. Throughout Europe there was not for two months such another man as Lamartine in fame, for tune, and popularity. But all these precious and glori ous attributes were short lived. In less than anothermonth a change came, and what a change! To any man it must have been a bitter reverse--to a Frenchman almost death. It was not that he incurred obloquy, or persecu tion, or imprisonment. Far worse--he fell into obscu rity. He became of no note, of no esteem, of no influ ence. The man in whose train the mob of Paris shouted, by whose words their passions had been lulled or their enthusiasm roused, the man to whom foreign de putations had paid homage and foreign statesmen offered flattery, became the subject for a schoolboy's moralis ings and a cynic's snarl. He sank by one sudden plunge from the pedestal of the great to the shelf of the equivocal. He exchanged fame for something which to a Frenchman was worse than infamy. Is it strange that he should resent this stroke of fortune and this sample of ingratitude? He has accordingly penned a justifica tion of himself against charges which his own ingenuity has framed. In this production, it is needless_ to say, there is much eloquence, more fancy, and some justice. The main and irresistible reply to it consists in the very fact that there should have been any reason for writing it. Why is not M. Lamartine what he was four months ago? Great as his powers may be, both as an orator and a poet, they will be infinitely greater than the world ever believed them to be if they restore him to hi former place. Who but an ingenious advocate would have fabricated for his opponents such a count as this, with which M. Lamartine introduces his case, viz., that he " was ardent in his ambition, but weak in the exercise of power?" Ardent in his ambition 1 " And feeble in the exercise of power!" This, too, is a gratuitous assumption; but it exhibits the rhetorician's art. It creates for him an opportunity of describing the second as he described the first Revolution; of painting the second Assembly as he had painted the first Convention. No; M. Lamartine was never accused of weakness as a member of the Pro visional Government. All people and nations remember the indefatigable orator who was perpetually addressing vast, heterogeneous, and alien assemblies; the intrepid Minister wbo was daily facing danger and death; the discreet correspondent with foreign states, who persisted in repudiating a policy of aggression and interference. Not only may we say on these points " Quis incusavit ?" but also, " Quis non laudavit ?" But what shall we say when a man of M. Lamartine's social and political posi tion condescends to enter into a minute detail of his pe cuniary affairs in order to meet the imputations of mal versation, corruption, and public robbery? What shall we say of the country where such insinuations against public men are lightly made and easily believed ? What shall we say of the morals and purity of a people whose statesman, so lately the god of its idolatry, is accused of having turned a desperate revolution to his own good account, and of having eked out his own fortunes from the misfortunes of his country? But what shall be said of the man who, thus assailed, deems it requisite to publish the state of his liabilities and assets, his leases, releases, acquittances, and even the transactions with his publisher? " I blush," he says, "to expose all these particulars; but the people have a right over the reputa tion of their representatives." Indeed ! This is a new doctrine. M. Lamartine's real sin is not Communism. It is not treachery. It is not love of war. It is not peculation. It is not weakness during the time of the Provisional Government. On all these points he defends himself largely; and they are all superfluous. His real sin was weakness in the Executive Govern ment. He connected himself with Ledru Rollin, a man of uncongenial sentiments and more than equi vocal character. He connived at his political and his personal misdeeds. He allowed Louis Blanc to play his own game at the Luxembourg, and Caussidiere and Sobrier to prepare the arms and organize the soldiers of revolt out of the funds of his Government and at the head-quarters of his police. He did not take a decided and decisive line at a crisis which required the most marked decision of character and action. He played fast and loose with men who he acknowledges " were capable of serving or ruining" the Republic. He who showed no fear amid the pikes and sabres of the February mobs exhibited a weakness, an irresolution, and an ambiguity, in the months of March and April, which he does not explain and cannot justify. That his own integrity remained unsullied through the glittering temptations of a revolution which had surprised him into power, and placed unexpected greatness in his hands, we are willing to believe; but that other conside rations unworthy of a statesman and a patriot operated very strongly upon his mind, and embarrassed his reso lution, appears but too evident from the report of the Committee of Inquiry to which this pamphlet is in tended as an evasive reply. CHRONICLE.—The policy pursued by the present French Government against the Press is nut only inde fensible, but suicidal, as, without any pretensions to pro phesy, we may venture to predict. The small number of remonstrants in the National Assembly, and the im mense majority which has affirmed the acts of a short sighted Executive, have no weight, in their ephemeral importance, to shake our opinion against those im mutable laws of justice and of progress, which no sword, however trenchant, can cut, and no armed heel, however heavy, tread down. The Gazette de France on the one band, and the Representant du Peuple, or its successor, the Peuple, on- the other, may be suppressed; Cabinet Councils may deliberate, in impotent menace, whether the Constitutionnel ought to be suspended; the creed of MM. de Labourdonnaye and de Polignac may predomi nate for the moment in the heart of the Demo cratic Republic; but the Press, in our days, is as inevitable as the Church of old —it must re-appear to conquer. It is not the mere h ea d o f a hydra, which some martial steel, heated by party passion, may temporarily annihilate, but it is a great necessity (as immortal as the want it meets), which satisfies now, and will govern hereafter. Well may M. Emile de Girardin, with bitter irony, re produce the early articles of the National, during the infancy of the July dynasty; and well may he assume as his motto, such sentiments as the following of M. Armand Marrast and M. Armand Carrell " Shame upon the coward writer," says the first, in 1832, " who would desert his duty because it involves a danger." " A r‘gitne like this," exclaimed one who was saluted by his party as the consul elect of democracy, " shall not, without our protest, call itself the liberty of the press." It must be borne in mind, that the opposition to this barbarous legislation proceeds, moreover, not only from men like MM. Ledru•Rollin, Theodore Bac, Felix Pyat; but from those who the most impetuously signalized their perilous hostility to the Red Republic in the hour of crisis, and on the eve of its apparent ascendancy. Foremost among the champions of order was then to be remarked the Vicomte Victor Hugo ; and no appeal was so eloquent, so admirably reasoned, so impressive, as his address to the electors of Paris at the end of last March. Now, we think him a s right, as spi r it e d, an d as forcible, as he was at that time, in his recent defence of the liberties of thought, thus extravagantly outraged. " Censure and confiscation," he indign ant l y says, " are crushing, at this moment, all the organs of public opinion." Nor does General Ca vaignac, by these untoward praotices, fail to provoke a more insidious hostility, The Abbil de Genoudo, whose abilities are incontestible, and whose remorseless writing Sir Henry Bulwer, we remember, not inaptly compared to the articles of the Standard during the Wellington and Grey Administrations, has, since the extinction of his journal, presented a petition to the National Assem bly, He prays, " That the powers which he has abused may be withdrawn from General Cavaignac; that the na tion may be convoked for the nomination of a Chief of the Republic ; th a t a genera l amnesty may b e p ro claimed ; that three Consuls may the be chosen, to watch, to gether with th e N a tional Assembly, over interests of public order and the commonwealth during the election of this prospective Chief; one Consul to be at the head of all the National Guards, a second of all the land and sea forces of the Republic, a third of the laws and justice; and that these il three Consuls_ shall be Generals Lamoriciere, Changarnier, and Dupont de l'Eure." The sting of these solicitations is, of course, in the names of the two Generals thus mischievously put forward. And it ought to be a matter of fear to General Cavaignac, lest any of his military rivals should bethink him of identifying himself with the truth which he has assailed, should assert that freedom of thought which he has so wantonly injured, and prepare to sup plant the present system, by another less uncongenial to the first principles of the February Revolution. For General Cavaignac is not yet entirely at his ease in his stirrups; he has not yet traver se d hi s e i ghteenth Bru maire. His " Africans" accord no preference to his own renown over that of Lamoriciere, Changarnier, Bedeau, or Bugeaud. And it must be obvious that any General has only to take advantage of some mistake as fatal as that to which we have alluded, on the part of the present Executive, to achieve a success which will probably subserve an ambition less mode rate than the one which at this instant predo minates and rules. Acts against the Press, in them selves, are of that class of blunders which are worse than crimes ; but they are eminently so at a moment when the slightest faux pos may introvert the roles. In the meanwhile, although the despotism of the sabre alone practically reigns in France, the Constitution is under discussion and idealogues as barren, philologists as ab- surd, syllable-mongers as incurable, as any in the Coun cil of Five Hundred, are in possession of the Tribune. One only passage in M. Pierre Leroux's voluminous die' course appeared to us to have the slightest relation to the time in which he lives, and that only by inference. It was when he described " the Constitution of Sieyela pillaged by a conqueror, disfigured, changed, re-model led, and fabricated to his own usage, until it suited him to alter it for another." The Constitution of M. Armand Marrast will probably have a similar fortune before long; but General Cavaignac will, we think, hardly prove its Napoleon, be cause that great man had at least the sense to get well into the saddle before he indulged in such arbitrary persecutions of opinion as those into which the present chief of the French Government has prematurely suff-red himself to be betrayed. ADVERTISER.—The fickleness and caprice of the populace have been proverbial from time immemorial. There are few great names in history who have not had personal experience of this truth. Grecian and Roman, as well as English and French history, abounds with examples of illustrious men being the idols of the popu lace one day, and the objects of their execration the next. We have had a recent instance of the fickleness of popular feeling. Who could have believed that La' martine, the man whom, in April last, all France re turned, amidst the loudest acclamations, to the National Assembly—a man whose name was on every lip and who possessed a home in every heart—who could have believed that such a man should, by the middle of June. have fallen to the lowest depths of unpopularity—his name loaded with obloquy, and his very person all but shunned in the public streets ? Fie has just published a vindication of himself. It is s most triumphant defence. It will put his ac" cusers to silence, if not to shame. Lamartine meets every charge preferred against him with all the direct ness and boldness of a man who glories in the conscious ness of his entire innocence. Some parts of his defence, in addition to their being the most complete which an accused man ever offered for himself, are remarkable for their eloquence and the nobleness of mind which they display. Lamartine has been charged with being SC' tuated by ambition, in acquiring and maintaing the posi tion of head of the French Provisional Government. He shows that so far from aspiring at the distinction, be never dreamt that it was to be open to any one. The overthrow of the Monarchy and the proclamation of a Republic took him quite as much by surprise as they did Louis Philippe himself. Referring to the memorable scene in the Chamber of Deputies, in the midst of which the Orleans dynasty was overthrown and a Republic proclaimed, Lamartine graphically describes the part be acted in that extraordinary drama. " I remained," be says, " isolated, pensive, silent, upon my bench, con templating that abrupt catastrophe which did not leave one time enough to measure its profundity. Moved even to sadness by this calamity, and this new birth over whelming a throne in a revolution, my heart struggled within me against my reason. Several of the people and of the Deputies—though they may now have for gotten the circumstance —approached me, and seizing my arm in order to rouse me from my abstraction , summoned me energetically to throw myself between anarchy and my motherland, ealling me by name, and impelling me towards the tribune. From that tribune M. Odillon Barrot had just descended, from the ex haustion produced by his efforts to save the monarchy from destruction. A musket was levelled at m y head from one of the galleries, but an unknown hand struck, up the muzzle. I n a f ew syllables I proclaimed mysel f to be in favour of a Provisional Government—a Govern' ment which should grasp the crisis on the instant, so as to bring it under control. This Government gav e augury, it is true, of a republic, but it reserved to the National Assembly that which I had expressed im Eat first words—that of which it could never be deprive , whether by faction, by seduction, or by acchuna tion—the full and sovereign sanction of the definitive form of government, such as might be suitable for the, acceptance of the n a ti on ." Th ere is no appearance of personal ambition here. Neither was there the leas t ground to suppose that Lamartine was actuated by any personal considerations in the incidents which followed. The voices," says he, " of the people and of those De' puties who still remained in the Chamber, summoned me to designate myself the members of the Provisional GO" vernment. I refused. M. Dupont (do l'Eure), t he ,.. natural dictator o f p u bli c esteem, was carried, in spite of his modesty, to the chair of the Presidency. He read the names which a tumultuous sitting bad selected for the formation of a Government. We could not recognis e in this sitting any other authority besides the authority of danger and devotion. This danger and this devotion formed our only title. They prevented us from resign:, ing power, i rregu l ar though it was, into the hands 01 anarchy. I accept this power by reason of th e . blood whi c h fl ows, an d which must be staunched at all price.' Those were my words: I find them re corded in the Moniteur. We marched at once to the Hotel de Vine, at the head of a procession of th e people. We were carried under the shelter of sabres, and pikes, and bayonets, into the rooms stained With blood, encumbered with the dead and the wounded, even to the little table where the Government was organized. Even at that hour the great struggle commenced outside between the two republics ; the one violent, inexorable , dictatorial, terrorist—in word, in act, and in colour; the other moderate, pacific, legal, unanimous, constitutional; between the rep u bli c w hi c h you wish, and that wilier' you do not wish." It is clear from this, that the posi tion, as the head of the Provisional Government, which Lamartine was thus called to fill, so far from being one which was likely to minister to a man's ambition, was a situation of the most imminent personal danger. For some time after he accepted the office, his life was in constant peril. He went about, attending to his duties, with his life in his hand. And the return now made to him for all this—for the fatigues he endured, the anxiety by which he was harassed, and the personal danger to which he was hourly exposed, is to have his character aspersed in the most heartless manner. Such are the rewards of patriotism THE CORN TRADE. GLASGOW, SEPT. 6. The weather during the past week has been changeable, and Lince yesterday much rain has fallen. We have had fair arrivals of Wheat, both foreign and coastwise, and about 7,422 barrels of flour from Canada and the United States; of all other articles the suppli es con ti nue scanty. The tran sact ion' during the week were, to a moderate extent, at lass Wednesday's currency. This day's market was well attended, but the decline of prices at Mark-lane caused buyers to act with more caution, and to provide for lei" mediate wants only. We quote:---Wheat and Flour Is. to Is. 6d. lower per boll, sack, or barrel respectively. There was a moderate quanity o f new Wheat on show , in fair condition, ruling from 265. to 28s. per 2401 b. Barley unaltered. Oats Is. per 2641 b., and Oatmeal Is. 6d. per 2801 b. cheaper. Beans scarce at the extreme rates of last week. Peas Is. lower per 2801 b. lndian corn meal without change. BIRMINGHAM, THURSDAY. -At Gloucester and Wor cester markets, on the 2d, the Wheat trade ruled dully at a reduction of 2s. to 3s. .per quarter. Barley, Oats , Beans, and Pea s were all quite as dear, with a good consumptive demand. This week the weather has again become unsettled, but owing to the fall in Mark-lane the transactions in all articles of the trade have been on the most limited scale. Millers offer from 4s. to Bs. per quarter under previous currency on Wheat, with which holders a lt ogether refuse to comply. On other kinds o f corn the turn is in favour of the buyer, but at no quot able reduction in price. At this day's market there Wa! a moderate supply of Wheat, which found a fair sale at a reduction of Is. to 2s. per quarter on old, and 2s. to 3 S• per quarter on new samples. Barley dull, and is. to 3 5 . per quarter cheaper. Oats declined 6d. to Is, per quar ter. Beans held for former prices, but no progress wall be made. Peas less inquired for. The millers reduced the retail price of Flour 35. 4d. per sack. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colonial. office for the Governor of Ceylon and Hong , Kong. The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Lady Marl Wood left town yesterday, for Hickleton Hall, Don caster. CADVERTISEMENT.]—Astonishing Cure of a very' Bad Leg of Thi r ty Y ears ' standing by Holloway's Pills and Ointment. —The wife of Mr. George Bourne, but cher, of Stockton-on-Tees, suffered for full thirty years with a dreadful bad leg, apparently originating by th e bursting of a vein internally; the pain was intense. Tho most eminent medical men in the neighbourhood tried to cure it, but in vain; at last she was induced to try Hol loway's Pills and Ointment, when, to the astonishment of herself and all who knew her, the leg, in the course of eight weeks, was thoroughly healed and cured, and has remained sound and free from pain for the last nine months. Sold by all Druggists, and at Professor Hollo way's Establishment, 224, Strand, London. SEWER RATES. Yesterday, at a meeting of the Metropolitan Sewer Commissioners, held at the chief office in Greek-street, Soho, an appeal was entered on behalf of the Vauxhall bridge Company against the rating of the bridge by the Commissioners of Sewers. The Rev. William Stone presided. The CHAIRMAN of the Bridge Company said that they objected to pay the rate o❑ the ground that the charge was made contrary to the Act of Parliament, and be cause they had no beneficial interest in the sewerage. The bridge was not drained by the Commissioners, and they therefore considered the charge to be unwarrant able. He cited in support of their claim to exemption the cases of" Eve v. Brothers," "Tracy v. Taylor," and " Soley v. Wilson." He also read an extract, showing the law with respect to sewer rateage, from " Challis on Sewers," page 265. His argument, upon the whole, was that the bridge was not the species of property intended to be rated. Mr. HUTTON said that the question was, whether the parties appealing to be exempted possessed an occupa tion of a beneficial character, for it had been decided, over and over again, that property giving beneficial oc cupation was liable. Mr. IiEnTsLET, the Order Clerk, said that there could be no question as to the benefits conferred upon the com pany by the outlay of the sums which had been ex pended in draining the approaches to the bridge on both sides. The Vauxhall sewer was a long and expensive sewer, and, as it was the fact that the Vauxhall-road was now three feet below high water mark, it was also true that, if it was not for the sewer built there, the property of the directors would be materially injured from floods, which would render the approaches to the bridge impassable. Mr. LESLIE considered that the cases cited were not in point. The saving clause of the statute under which the company acted actually condemned the course they (the company) were pursuing in resisting th e ra t e . N o doubt the directors were th representatives of a bene ficial occupancy, and the sum charged being not more than the poor-rate, could not be fairly objected to. Mr. MUTTON then moved, that the usual course for enforcing the payment of the rate in thiscase be adopted. Mr. CHADWICK, in seconding the motion, said that there could cot be any question as to the beneficial occupancy. motion, upon being put, was unanimousl, carried NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTH, SEPT. 7.—There are reports in the dockyard that the Admiralty have an intention of re verting to a former plan of economy by reducing the working hours in the establishment one day in each week. The Vesuvius steam-sloop, Commander Austin, left this morning for Woolwich, to be paid off. The jury masts of the Termagant were taken out to day. hear-Admiral de Starck died on the 4th instant, at his residence, Kensington, aged 84. The deceased was mid shipman of the Latona at the relief of Gibraltar in 1782; Lieutenant commanding the Suwarrow lugger, Liberty brig, and Millbrook schooner, and very actively em ployed. Gazetted 1803. Vide Allex's New Navy List. By the above death Captain Sir W. 0. Pell (1813) is made Rear-Admiral of the Blue, which causes a vacancy in Greenwich Hospital. The Admiralty are expected at this port on their an nual official visit of inspection on the 14th instant. Wind, W.; moderate breezes and cloudy weather. ROYAL MARINES. _ _ Lieutenant-Colonel Stevens, of the Chatham division, is ordered to relieve Colonel Filcher in the command of the corps at Pembroke, Colonel Pilcher being promoted to Second Commandant of the Chatham division. We are requested to state that Messrs. Helby and M'Crea, who passed their examinations in gunnery a few days since, as mentioned in our impression of the 4th, obtained first instead of second class certificates. PLYMOUTH ' SEPT. 6.—The D uc k li g h ter arr i ved on Monday with stores from Chatham. Her Majesty's packet Petorel, 6, Lieutenant-Com mander Thomas Creser, arrived on Tuesday from Fal mouth, and the same day came into harbour to be ex amined. Her Majesty's brig Ferret, 8, Commander George Sprigg, will be paid off to-morrow. Mr. E. Elliott, draughtsman, Devonport Dockyard, is appointed Measurer, in place of Mr. G. Good, appointed Foreman. n consequence of the ratification of the armistice be ween Germany and Denmark, great activity prevails among the merchant vessels of northern nations, so long waiting here. Every preparation is now making for the immediate departure of shipping belonging to Denmark, Prussia, Hanover, Oldenburg, and other northern states. Wind, N.W. ; light breese. WOOLWICH, SEPT. 7.—The Niger steam sloop, the Plumper, the Dover, and the Minx steam-vessels having been ordered to be ready for trial at an early hour to-day, the Niger had her steam up and a large party on board before 7, a.m. Shortly after 7 o'clock the Niger left her moorings under the charge of Lieutenant Robertson, assistant to Captain Austin, C. 8., with Mr. Casey, Cap tain Austin's engineer, and proceeded down the river to test the speed and capabilities of the vessel. Mr. Lang, master shipwright at Woolwich Dockyard, under whose superintendence the vessel has been built, was also on board to witness the result. The Niger went at a very moderate speed at first, owing to the number of vessels in the river, and continued at that speed until opposite Purfleet, when the Monkey steam-vessel appeared in sight, having on board the Earl of Auckland, G.C.8., First Lord of the Admiralty ; Rear-Admiral Dundas, C. 8., First Naval Lord of the Admiralty; Captain Fitz hardinge Berkeley, C. 8., Captain Lord John Hay, C. 8., and Captain Alexander Milne, Lords of the Admiralty; Captain Sir Baldwin Walker, K.C.8., Surveyor of the Navy ; Captain Ellice, Comptroller of Steam Ma chinery ; Lieutenant-Colonel Irving, of the en gineering department ; Captain Halstead, RS., and Mr. F. P. Smith, of the screw propeller de partment. Their Lordships gave the signal for the Niger to proceed at full speed, and the steam was got up, but owing to a hot bearing in one of the engines the speed was slackened until the screws were a little re laxed, when the vessel went on, and soon got ahead of the Monkey, making an average speed of 10 knots per hour, the engines making 64 evolutions per minute. On arriving opposite Sheerness their Lordships gave the signal to lay to, and came on board the Niger to witness the working of the engines, and expressed themselves much pleased with the manner in which they worked. Captain Berkeley and Captain Milne also particularly examined the manner in which the guns could be worked, and ascertained that those allotted to the vessel were too long to be used with effect, and others of a shorter de scription will be substituted. The guns at present or dered are, one 68-pounder of 95 cwt., 10 feet long ; one 10-inch gun, 85 cwt., nine feet four inches long ; and six 8-inch guns, 65 cwt., nine feet long. The 8-inch g uns are already on deck, an d the traversing platforms of the 68-pounder and 10-inch guns placed in their proper position, and ballast equivalent to the weight of the guns, and 140 men, the number of her crew, with the requisite number of shot and shells on board, in addition to the allowance for water, pro visions, and 200 tons of coals ; and yet the vessel was not within 15 inches of her regulated water line of draught, the correct draught of water during the trial being about 13 feet fore by 14 feet 10 inches aft. Their Lordships were much pleased with the performance of the engines; and when the suggestions of Captain A. Milne are adopted for her guns, the Niger will prove a war -steamer equal to any afloat. Lieutenant Robertson deserves great credit for the manner in which the experi- ments on this and on former occasions have been con ducted, as it is no .ordinary task to test experimental 81RT173. On . the at Oldbury Rectory, S a l op, t h e wife of the On the 4th inst., Rev . j t . h p e u l s r t t o i n T o t. f , at Bodynfo , Mont gomeryshire, the lady of R. M. Bonnor Maurice, Esq., o f a son. i a daughter. On the sth inst., at Myddleton-square, Mrs. R. Milieus, of a daughter. On the sth inst., in the New Findley-road, St. John'e wood, Mrs. W. G. Langdon, of a son. On the sth inst., at West Ham, Essex, Mrs. A. Lewis, of a daughter. On the sth inst., at Fitzroy -park, Highgate, Mrs. W. Glad stone, of a son. On the 6th inst., at Acre lane, Brixton, M rs. R . Thurber" , of a son. On the 6th inst., at Guildford -street, Russell-square, th e wife of Edward Gregory, Esq., of a daughter. MARRIED. On the sth inst., at Brighton, Thomas William, youngest son of the late Captain T. Innes, R.N , to Adelaide Soph ia Chicheliana, relict of th e l ate T. H. S . ympson, Esq. , a the Bengal Civil Service. On the sth inst., at St. Mary's Church, Elland, F r ederick W. Cro n h e l m, E sq., of Crow-wood, near Halifax, to M ar y Jane, eldest d aug h ter of the late Mr. Isaac Thwaite, o Bradley-h a ll, i n the same parish. On the sth inst., at Clapham Chur c h, Richard Raw,!„ o f Esq., of Clapham-common, to Laura, yo u ngest daughter T. Puckle, Esq., of th e same place. DIED. On the 29th ult., at sea, on the voyage home from ma— Uiß River, Captain C. K ree ft, on l y son of Captain J. B. greeft , of Barth, in Pomerania. On the 31st ult., at Tunbridge-wells, J. G. Horsfall, Egg" of Bolton Royde, Bradford, Yorkshire, aged 61. On the 3d inst., at Queen's-road, Regent's-park, Viri lliam f A. Blakeney, Esq., formerly Major in the 87th (or Prince Wales's Irish) Regiment, aged 77. On the 4th inst., at Sh rew t on Vicarage, Wilts, • wife of Mr. E. H. Greene, Ealing, Middlesex. On the sth inst., Emilia Elizabeth, the wife of G. G• Vin cent, Esq., of the Sanctuary, Westminster, aged 63. On the sth inst., at West Teignmouth, Devon, " 1 lliam Cartwright, Esq., aged 80. at London: Printed and Published by MIEIRDO YOMA No. 112, Strand, Printer, a t Th e S un Office, NO. f Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in thy! an nit Y tiliddleaax, Friday, September 8, 1848. On: Tke ei TlR ock 8t Point ed fare. The A; , 870 hors; Ithetio n four hour . Froi th Q Quarte r 4 V-Past Frei the M i ter noon Aftern o ' time, cj i r ß , 11 4100 . i . ; 1 0r: G ener t F bein rits 1 Eli ° e TI ' 7 Tb . .s 4. 41 y k cu! Lo tt ta t t i E "41tt ed 1 , 41 1 E 411 1 the Ptt It til b.,. toloti 44 th It. ' t ilt kcl i 141 4 titri,