The Sun. — London, England, 1865-12-05 00:00:00

The Late Distress in the Cotton Districts. Yesterday after a meeting of the General Com mittee of the Fund for Relief of Distress in the Manufacturing Districts was held in the Mayor's Parlour, at the Manchester Town-hall, and was very numerously attended. The Mayor of Manchester (Mr. Bowker) took the chair, ex officio. There were also present the Earl of Derby (chairman of the Central Executive Committee), Lord Egerton of Tatton, the Earl of Sefton, Mr. Watkin, M.p., the lion. A. Egerton, M.P., Mr. G. L. Ashworth, Mr. Platt, M.P., Colonel Patten, M.P., and a number of the most influential members of the General Committee. A report of the Central Executive Committee was received and adopted. Mr. M. Ross, president of the Manchester Cham ber of Commerce, read the minutes of a special meeting of the Central Executive Committee, at which it was unanimously resolved that a testimonial from which that committee should form primarily a recognition of the invaluable services of Mr. J. W. Maclure, the hon. secretary of the relief funds ; and that the resolution be communicated to the General Committee that it might take such steps as it deemed proper in support of a testimonial to that gentleman. Lord Derby was requested to make the communi cation. The members of the Central Executive Committee had each contributed towards the object, and had raised £1,096, which would remain a sum entirely distinct from any additional subscription on the part of others. At the request of the Mayor of Manchester, Mr. Alderman Bennett, the ex-mayor here, took the chair, the Mayor having to wait upon the judges of assize on their arrival to open t he commission at Manchester. The Earl of DERBY then rose and said—By the direction of the Central Executive Committee I have to bring before you the resolution which was passed unanimously by that body with reference to th e re cognition of the services of Mr. Maclure. But be fore I say a word upon that subject allow me to congratulate you and the county, which I think I may do most conscientiously, upon the satisfactory character of the report which you have just heard read. Not only has there been a reduction of the amount of pauperism, after the severe struggle through which the county has gone, to a figure not exceeding, or very little exceeding, that of 1861, which was in the highest and most flourishing state of the cotton manufacture, but there is a consider able sum still left in hand; and, what I consider is of infinitely more importance than either the one or the other, there has been an infinitely less amount of demoralisation and deterioration in the indepen dent character of the working men of the county than could have been possibly expected when so large a sum was to be distributed in gratuitous re lief. (Applause.) I think those who were most favourable to the expenditure of money for chari table purposes on which we have been employed had forebodings—and I confess that I had myself forebodings—that such a large sum of money could not by possibility be expended without a very in jurious effect upon the character of the working classes, who had to receive that amount of relief. And it is most satisfactory to perceive 7 and the surest test of it is that there is no increase in the demand for parochial relief—that though to a cer tain extent that result may have followed, the re sult has been in a very infinitesimally small propor tion to the amount of relief which has been afforded, and the risk which I don't hesitate to say was in curred. (Hear, hear.) Gentlemen, in bringing before you the immediate subject of the resolution, I wish to state in the first place that I hope no discus sion will take place now with regard to the propriety of considering the final disposal of the surplus still remaining on hand ; still more do I hope that no dis cussion will take place with regard to the best mode of dealing with that surplus, supposing we had it in our power. But I think it may be convenient to say that in the course of the spring the Bridgewater house Committee, contemplating the possibility of a surplus being finally left, thought themselves called upon to take the opinion of counsel as to what powers they had of diverting the sum to any pur pose other than the strict purpose for which it was subscribed. We had the opinion of counsel that we had no power to divert it to any other purpose ex cept upon application to the Court of Chancery ; but that the Court of Chancery probably, taking into consideration all the circumstances of the case, would be disposed to look favourably upon any scheme which might be proposed by the committee for the permanent disposal of the surplus still in hand. Now it is quite obvious that any scheme like that requires very deliberate consideration before it is submitted to the Court of Chancery. On the other hand, I think I may say, as the unanimous opinion of the Executive Committee, that it is not desirable to keep on hand a very large balance be yond the time at which we may feel tolerably secure against any recurrence of the cotton famine. (Hear, hear.) I think that it will not be thought desirable that that fund should remain in hand, and be looked upon as available for meeting any casual and tem porary fluctuation of employment. I think that there would be very serious injury done if that principle were acted upon, and that we ought to dispose finally of our surplus as soon as we are satisfied • that there is no probability or reason able expectation of distress anything like approach ing to that which we have gone through recur ring again. But the state of the cotton trade is so uncertain, and must be so uncertain for the next few months, that I hope there will be a unanimous concurrence in the opinion that it is more advis able to keep this fund on hand for the course of a few months, and in the meantime to abstain from expressing any opinion as to the mode in which it should be ultimately disposed of. (Hear, hear.) Now, gentlemen, in looking back to the period which we have gone through, of three years of intense dis tress, there is one other most gratifying circum stance to which I must advert, which is the man ner in which throughout the whole of the country all classes and all ranks have each in their several lo calities exerted themselves towards the diminution of distress, and not only by their pecuniary contri butions, but by their personal labours and their per sonal superintendence. To the local committees the report does no more than justice in speaking of the judgment and discretion and the ability and zeal with which they have discharged the duties which were imposed upon them--duties very often very painful, very invidious—the duty of keeping a strict watch over the funds intrusted to their charge, and the duty, on the other hand, of those who represented them before the Central Committee, of bring ing the case of those whom they represented fairly before us, and at the same time not puttin g any un due pressure on the Central Executive Committee, or arguing too strongly in favour of their own per sonal and local interests. With regard to all these matters, we cannot but be most grateful for the ser vices which have been rendered both by the local Executive Committees generally and by those gen tlemen who have represented them on the part of the Central Executive Committee. Members of that com mittee also, each in their own districts, laboured with a zeal and diligence and industry which I trust will, in every case, meet with their reward in the increased Tespect and affection which may be borne to them by their poorer neighbours. (Hear.) But among all those who h ave l a b oure d , an d l a b oured d i ligently and e rnestly,fo r the promotion of the great objectwe had in view, I think I may venture to say, without fear of contradiction, that there has been no person whose services have been so unflagging, so valuable, and so unceasing, as th ose of the honorary secretary, Mr. Maclure. (Applause.) For three years he - has gra tuitously performed the duties of that office, and has in my own knowl e d ge for weeks, I believe I m ight say for months together , devoted, certai n ly very much to his own inconvenience and loss, a pe rind of not - less than 12 hours ou t of every four and-twenty to the vast amount of business which f in reference to this re l ief pressed upon him ie commit tee. That the accounts have been kept with the fide lity and care and accuracy with which they h ave been kept, that the money has not been Wastefully squandered, that a strict watch has been kept over its application, and finally that, as compared with the total amount expended, the percentage required for superintendence and for expenses has been pro bably infinitely lower than ever was known with re- gard to a subscription of this magnitude—for a very great portion of this we are certainly indebted to the care, unceasing energy, and the vigilar ce which have been displayed by Mr. Maclure ; and it was the opinion of the Central Executive Committee, the general opinion —I may say the unanimous opinion —that it would be a matter of positive ingratitude if at the period at which we have arrived, even although we are not possibly arrived at- the final conclusion of our labours, we were longer to defer such a recognition of his services as it is felt that they were fully and amply entitled to. (Applause.) I must say also that the question having been raised whether it was competent or whether it was desir able that any portion of the public funds should be taken, in order not to remunerate—because, really, the services are beyond pecuniary remuneration — but to recognise the services which have been so rendered. The moment the question was raised Mr. Maclure authorised it to be said that under no cir cumstances would he receive a single shilling in re muneration of his services from the funds which have been subscribed by the public. (Hear, hear.) That being the case, and, at the same time desirous of showing our esteem for Mr. Maclure, and the value attaching to his services—in many cases ser vices which may have brought down upon him no i nc o n siderable amount of unpopularity—l am not speaking of unpopularity in the committee or I am sure here, but I mean in those local districts in -which they felt the pressure put upon them by the Central Committee, and of which Mr. Maclure, as the secretary, probably had to bear the whole brunt —we felt that it would be impossible for us longer to delay the expression of our own opinion, and, consequently, in the Executive Committee, it was agreed that we should subscribe among our selves, as from the Central Executive Committee, a sum of money sufficient to give to Mr. Maclure a very handsome testimonial of our esteem and our gratitude, and at the same time accompany it with a substantial testimony in the shape of a sum of money in addition to whatever testimonial might be finally decided upon. Mr. J. A. BREMNER said the special recognition . of the special claim which Mr. Maclure had upon the committee was not confined to that room it extended not only throughout Manchester, but the neighbouring town. If the Machine Testimonial were to extend over a greater area and include the neighbouring districts, it would be, no doubt, unani mously supported. (He (Mr. Bremner) therefore proposed the appointment of a sub-committee to take such steps as might be deemed advisable to secure the contributions of the various committees in Lancashire and throughout the kingdom to pre sent to Mr. Maclure a fitting testimonial. Dr. J. WATTS seconded the motion. He said he trusted the testimonial would not go beyond Lan cashire. It would be a great pity to hawk it about, for certainly there would be no need of it. Lord DERBY said it was due to Mr. Maclure to say he had expressed a very anxious wish that the begging-box should not be sent round, and that there should be no canvassing in the matter. Mr. E. W. WATKIN, M.P., said Dr. Watts had apparently forgotten that there was cotton spinning in Cheshire as well as in Lancashire. He (Mr. Wat kin) should be sorry if the county he partly repre sented were shut out from a share in this testimo nial. His constituents at Stockport had asked him to attend the meeting to render what assistance he could. For himself, he should be happy to allow his name to be put down for a sum equal to the highest subscription. When the great services Mr. Maclure had rendered were considered it was cer tain there would be no difficulty in carrying out the proposed object. We ought to encourage our young men who were willing to come forward in times of difficulty like that through which we had recently passed. (Hear.) The resolution was carried unanimously, and the Chairman said that the business of the meeting was concluded. Dr. WATTS said he wished to say that, contem plating this as the last meeting of the committee, he had, without consulting any one, drawn up a reso lution which he would now submit. It was : " That the hearty thanks of the committee are due, and are hereby given, to the Right Hon. the Earl of Derby, Chairman of the Central Executive, who by his high position and great influence and personal attendance did much to secure the confidence of the public in the committee ; to Sir J. Kay-Shuttle worth, Vice-Chairman, whose previous official expe rience and great executive powers have been most valuable during three and a half years of constant labour and anxiety ; to Mr. J. W. Maclure, hon. secretary, whose constant supervision and untiring energy and activity in the service of the committee have been unparalleled, and whose statistical reports will be most valuable as references to future histo rians of Lancashire; and to the other members of the Central Executive for their great and efficient services in the distribution of thelargest benevolent fund upon record." Every one (Dr. Watts added) would feel that, constituted as the Central Executive Com mittee had been, it had proved an immense power, and that if its constitution had been different the work which had been so efficiently and thoroughly performed would have been a more difficult task. Every member of the committee might with justice have been added to the resolution ; he had been almost the only grumbler, and he hoped he was given credit for wishing only what the committee themselves wished, that the fund should be so effi ciently distributed so as to leave the population of the cotton district on the return of prosperity as much as possible in their normal condition, not only as regarded their material but moral condition. It had been gratifying to find that every successive report on the subject of criminality had shown less crime than in the normal condition of the trade, sexual immorality had not increased, and open prostitution had actually decreased. That these circumstances should have obtained during such a crisis showed a great amount of good character on the part of the people, and an immense amount of wisdom, forethought, and proper control on the part of the committee, who had distributed such a large fund with a minimum of evil, if any evil was attached to such doles. Feeling this he could not allow the committee to separate without sub mitting as a special resolution that which he had read. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Councilleir BUMSEY seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously. Lord DERBY—I presume that it devolves upon me as having been the chairman of the Executive Committee, whose labours I hope are now almost, if not finally terminated, to return to you ourthanks ' for the manner in which you have acknowledged the services which it has been in our power to render from time to time. But for my own part, I must disclaim the amount of merit which is attributed to me by the resolution, for, in point of fact, my labours have been very slight. They have consisted merely in attending, when more imperative duties did not call me elsewhere, once a week at the meetings of the Executive Committee, and there presiding over a body compos e d ligious opinio ns , b ut actin of men of various political and re g together with a unani mity, cordiality, a n d harmonyamer w b h o i d c i h es. ver n y s e el h do ar m . are to be found eve n in mony and unanimity are due not to the Chairman or to any influence he might possess, but to the general feeling which pervaded all members of that committee, that they were working in one common cause, in which they had one common interest and one common duty to perform; and to the perform ance of that duty I am satisfied that each and every one of that committee have sacrificed every other feeling, feeling it was imperative upon them t o contribute anything they could do towards the re lief of a distress so great and unparalleled as that through which this country has recently passed. The best reward we can hope for for any services which we may have been enabled to render is in the first place to think that those services have been effectual, that they have to a great extent mitigated the pressure of that distress which this county has suffered, and that they have been accompanied with less of evil or less of ill consequences than might have been expected from the conduct of an experi ment so novel, and at the same time so large. Next to the delight of having contributed to the general good of the coun t ry must be the satisfaction we feel awthothme confid ence which you, gentlemen, under we have been acting have been pleased to re- pose in us—the approbation which you have given to the measures we have pursued, and to the con fidence you were kind enough to assure us we have established in our good intentions and discretion, throughout the county which it has been our desire to serve and assist. lam sure in the name of the whole committee I may offer our most grateful thanks for the manner in which you have appre ciated our services, and for my part I can only say you have very much overrated anything it has been i n my power to do. (Applause.) The meeting then separated. Naval and Military Intelligence. The iron-cased screw corvette Favorite, 10, 2,094 tons, 400-horse power (nominal), Capt. F. H. Shortt, having been completed for the first division of the Chatham Steam Reserve, was yesterday re moved out of the great basin, and afterwards taken in tow by two steamers and removed to the moor ing prepared for her in the harbour, to await orders from the Admiralty as to her ultimate disposal. She is fully completed, and only awaits her guns, shot, shell, and sea stores being placed on board to en able her to proceed to sea. No orders have yet been received at the Ordnance Department, Chatham, as to the description of armament to be supplied her, and some time must therefore of necessity elapse before she can be furnished with her guns. Yesterday the officials connected with the Chat ham Steam Reserve proceeded, in accordance with orders to that effect received from the Admiralty, to Greenhithe, for the purpose of taking charge of the iron-clad corvette Pallas, 6, 2,372 tons, 600-horse power, in readiness for that vessel being taken this morning to the Maplin Sands for the purpose of undergoing her trials of speed at the measured mile, should it be possible to make the runs. A telegram received from the Admiralty yesterday afternoon states that the speed trials are not to take place to day unless Mr. Reed and the other officials on board are satisfied as to the condition of the vessel, and that the Pallas is in all respects fit to make the runs. Should they be not satisfied as to this, she is at once to be placed in one of the available docks at Sheerness-yard, where her bottom is to be cleaned. After this her trial with the four-bladed " Mangin" pattern screw, with which she is now fitted, will take place. :She will then be again docked to enable her to be fitted with a two-bladed screw, under which conditions a further trial of her speed is to be made, to enable the Admiralty to arrive at the proper data as to the description of screw with which she will ultimately be fitted. From these and other circumstances it would seem that the officials con ne3ted with the steam branch of the Admiralty are still undecided as to the ultimate adoption of the four-bladed or the two-bladed screw propellers. An order received some time since at Chatham directs the Bellerophon, fitting at the dockyard, and origi nally furnished with a four-bladed screw, to be fitted with a two-bladed propeller, to allow the authorities to make a comparison of her steaming capabilities under the altered conditions. The Cornwallis, 60, screw two-decker, having had her upper deck cut off, the whole of her ma chinery and engines removed, and her fore foot cut away, was yesterday floated out of dock at Sheer ness, and placed in the position she is intended to occupy alongside the jetty, where she is to be sunk for the purpose of facilitating the operations of dock ing and undocking ships. The Icarus, 11, 580 tons, 150-horse power, fitting for the first-class Steam Reserve in the Medway, is to be completed by the 18th inst., when she will be floated out of the steam basin, where she is at pre sent lying, and placed in the harbour, in readiness for commission. On Friday the three infantry brigades at Alder shott, formed up in line of contiguous columns on the Queen's Parade, North Camp, and shortly after 10 o'clock wore inspected by Lieut.-Gen. the Hon. Sir James Yorke Scarlett, K.C.8., commanding the Aldershott division. On the conclusion of the in spection the troops marched and countermarched several times in different order, and were subse quently put through a few field movements. Im mediately on their return to quarters the fire alarm was sounded, and pickets of the various regiments and the Camp Fire Brigade with its engines turned out, and rapidly proceeded to the east block of the infantry barracks, where the scene of an imaginary fire was laid, and here all was done that would have been done in a real case of fire, and that most promptly and efficiently. The 85th (King's Ligh t Infantry) Regiment, under the command of Major Appleyard, is held in readi ness to proceed from Aldershot in the course of a few days to the under-mentioned stations :—Head quarters and eight companies to Manchester, two companies to Chester, and two companies to New castle-on-Tyne. The followihg appointments were made yesterday at the Admiralty :—Lieut. T. St. Simeon to the Octavia, additional, for disposal ; G. Reid, master, has been promoted to the rank of staff commander ; E. ffinvest, master, to the Malaca ; Dr. G. Mackay, deputy inspector of hospitals and fleets, to Haslar Hospital ; W. S. Roche, surgeon, to the Highflyer; Dr. T. Cann, assist. surg., to the Cumberland, for service in the Steam Reserve ; S. Bamfield, assist. surg., to the Malacca ; J. S. Arnott, assist. surg., to the St. George, - vice Bamfield ; and G. Love, paymaster, to be secretary to Commodore Hornby. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE SAN PAULO (BRAZILIAN). A special general meeting of this company was held yesterday at the offices, Gresham-house, for the purpose of confirming resolutions authorising the company from time to time to borrow on debentures, with or without the guarantee of the Brazilian Go vernment, the money which might be required to pay the interest at the rate of 7 per cent, on the share capital of the company ; Mr. It. lleath in the chair. The CHAIRMAN, in answer to observations by Mr. Franklin and other shareholders, said that Captain Medeiros, the agent of the Brazilian Government, had accepted on the part of his Government certain terms by which the interest would be paid, and it was hoped that by the next mail, due on the 23d inst., they would receive the confirmation of those terms by the Government. The directors on Satur day received their despatches. The chief engineer reported that the last girder of the Serra Viaduct was erected on Oct. 22, and the first train passed over it on Nov. 2. The resolutions were then confirmed authorising the company to issue the debentures, and a vote of thanks to the chairman closed the proceedings. NORTHAMPTON AND BANBURY. A special general meeting of this company was held on Saturday at the offices, Victoria-street, Westminster, for the purpose of authorizing the directors to borrow money on mortgage debenture bonds, under the provisions of the company's Branch Act, 1865, Dr. Beattie in the chair. The CHAIRMAN said he thought it sight to refer to a prospectus which had been extensively adver tised in the public press, of a proposed line called the East and West Junction Railway. That pros pectus was calculated to convey such erroneous im pressions with regard to the position and prospects of the Northampton and Banbury line that the di rectors had instructed their secretary to write a letter to the various journals, affording accurate information on the subject, forwarding at the same time a map showing the relative position of the two lines. The correctness of the contents of the letter directors to issue the had h a d th e d es i red effect of placing the public in moved a position t o j u d ge f a i rly of the merits of the lines. He e then da for md debentures, resolution,entur es,which wascarried. authorizing the ir Capt. JOHNS said the publication of the prospec tus referred to rendered the explanation given in the letter of the company's secretary absolutely necessary in the interests of the shareholders. A vote of thanks to the ch a i rman closed the pro ceedings. VALE OF NEATH. Last session the bill for the leasing of this line to the Great Western was withdrawn in consequence of the committee having decided to grant running powers to other companies. Since then the railway has been worked by the Great Western under an arrangement which gives the shareholders in the for mer precisely the same dividend as if the bill had passed. There are certain disadvantages, however, connected with the arrangements, and to remove these the Amalgamation Bill is to be brought forward in the coming session. The principal opposition in the last session was on the part of the London and North-Western Company, but in the next session it is intended to apply for powers to grant a joint lease of the Vale of Neath to the two great com panies, which, it is expected, will put an end to all further opposition, and insure the utmost facilities to the mineral trade of the district. THE BOSTON, HARTFORD, & ERIE RAILROAD. It has been said that of the one hundred millions of dol lars invested in railroads by Massachusetts, nearly one half has been expended upon lines that carry business to New York, and do not directly aid the business of Boston. Without accepting this statement as literally true, we can not but feel satisfaction in any opportunity which presents itself for taking reprisals in a friendly way upon the pub lic works of New York. With one of the two great rail roads of the empire state—the Central—our city is already closely connected ; and with the other it is expected that we shall soon come into similar relations. The Erie Rail way, with the Atlantic and Great Western and the Ohio and Mississippi Railroads, has been well - denominated the great continental line; and the value to Boston can hardly be estimated of a road which shall place us in immediate communication with it. This is chiefly what the Boston, Hartford, and Erie Railroad is projected to do, and it is this feature which awakens our especial interest in it. The length of this road, as surveyed, from Boston to the Hudson river, not including branches, will be two hundred and twenty-six miles. Its western terminus is to be at Fishkill, sixty miles above New York. On the opposite bank, at Newburgh, a branch of the Erie Railway comes in from Chester Junction, This branch will form the con necting link in the new route between Boston and the valley of the Mississippi. At Salamanca, 381 miles west from Newburgh, and about 600 miles from Boston, is the junction with the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad, which, running thence south of west, terminates at Cin cinnati, its length being 350 miles. The Ohio and Miss issippi Railroad, 340 miles long, which unites Cincinnati and St. Louis, constitutes the western division of the line. The total distance from Boston to St. Louis will be about 1,300 miles. From the main trunk branches have been ex tended to Buffalo and to Cleveland, and another is pro jected to Chicago. The plan, therefore, of the Atlantic and Great Western management is seen to embrace all the principal cities of the West. It is laid in a broad and com prehensive spirit, having reference to the future develop ment of the country, as well as to its present necessities, and it proposes a policy which may be new in the his tory of transportation in this country, but which has been successfully adopted in Great Britain and else where in Europe. This policy, in a word, contemplates uniformity of gauge ; through carriage without change ; constant opportunities for shipment, and low rates. To this end there must be unity of action on the part of all connecting roads, if not absolute consolidation. There must also be a continuous double track and a supply of rolling stock adequate for a large and rapidly increasing traffic. The co-operation of Boston capital and enterprise will be cheerfully welcomed in the opening up of a new route ; New York is of course largely interested in it, but there need be, and we believe there is, no jealousy toward us in reference to it. It is estimated that one thousand tons of freight reach the city of New York every day by the Erie Railway, destined for New England. It will be to the advantage of Now York (as might easily be shown), as well as for the benefit of the freight itself, to bring it direct by way of Chester and Fishkill. There is also a large passenger business between New England and the West, which now passes through Now York; this also would be much better accommodated by a direct line which would not only shorten distance, but insure connections. If Boston should be placed on precisely the same footing as New York, in all respects, with the Erie, and the At lantic and Great Western Railroads, our commerce will be doubled at least in the first ten years. It is for the Boston, Hartford, and Erie Railroad to secure for our city this golden opportunity. We hope the Directors will adopt liberal, progressive, and far-reaching views, and that its stockholders will furnish freely all the money which may be required. No labor or expenditure can be too great which will result in the extension of the great Continental line to Boston.—Boston Journal. PENNSYLVANIA RAILWAYS. The American Railroad and Minging Register, of November 14, has the following remarks regarding certain now works in contemplation by the Atlantic and Great Western Railway Company : As Mr. JAMES WHENRY, the financial engineer of the Atlantic and Great Western enterprise, is a Pennsylvanian, ho appreciates the geographical fact that Pennsylvania is between New York and the great West ; and that, therefore, to get a short line from the West to New York city it is necessary to run through Pennsylvania length wise—not across its corners. And hence, doubtless, have arisen some of the many rumors of a newly-developed policy on the part of the Atlantic and Great Western Rail way Company, to strike out on a new line from Meadville, as the point of divergence from their existing trunk road, through Pennsylvania and across New Jersey to New York city. From Meadville north-east to Salamanca they own 101 miles of road; from Meadville south-west to Dayton they own 287 miles of road. From Meadville east, via Franklin to Oil City, they have in use 36 miles of road. From Oil City about 225 miles of new road will carry their lino to Milton, to the Catawissa road, which they have leased ; they hare also leased the Morris and Essex Rail road from Easton to Hoboken. The Lehigh Valley Rail road interest, we also have reason to believe, will accom modate them with a third rail; or they may build a now road from the Catawissa road to the Morris and Essex. road, over an undulating but shorter route than the Lehigh River Valley, via Allentown. Miles. From Meadville, via Salamanca and the Erie Road to New York city, the dis tance is From Meadville to New York city, vi a Franklin, Oil City, Milton, Catawissa, Mauch Chunk and Easton, the distances are : Miles. Meadville to Oil City Oil City to Milton, air line l5O A'ld for curvature fifty per cent., same per cent. as Pennsylvania Railroad be tween Harrisburg and Pittsburg, and Philadelphia and Erie Railroad between Sunbury and Erie 75 Making for new road from Oil City to Milton ........ .. —225 From Milton to New York city, via Cata wissa, Lehigh Valley and Morris and. Essex Railroads ......... 220 Total distance from Meadville to Now York, via Oil City,Catawissa, and Easton 481 Distance saved by proposed now route.. The Morris and Essex Railroad is nine miles longer than the New Jorsoy Central Railroad, and will doubtless be re duced in length by a cut-off link And if a new road be made between the Catawissa Railroad and the Morris and Essex Railroad, over a route nearer the Wind Gap than Allentown, another saving of mileage may be made, though higher gradient will be incurred. Besides, if the new road between Oil City and Milton be made on a line nearer straight than the Pennsylvania Rail road between Harrisburg and Pittsburg, and the Phila delphia and Erie Railroad between Sunbury and Erie City, in such case, less than 225 miles of new road will suffice between Oil City and Milton. Hence, instead of showing a saving of only 35 miles by the new route, as against the Salamanca route, there is a possibility that about 75 miles of distance may ultimately be extinguished. Nor will the adoption of the proposed new route cause the abandonment of the 101 miles of road between Mead ville and Salamanca, because a connection with the Erie road will always be mutually desirable and beneficial for local intertrade, independent of through traffic to and from New York city and the Mississippi Valley. The 101 miles of road between Meadville and Sala manca will also comprise an important link in the wide gauge road which is in progress from Salamanca to Buf falo, thence across the international bridge at Black Rock into Canada, and thence down the Niagara river to Lake Ontario, to a shipping point for freights down the St. Law rence water route, in the season of navigation. Meadville will thus be made the diverging place whence ono line will continue on northward to the cheap outlet down the St. Lawrence, for shipment of breadstuffs to Europe ; and whence the other lino will lead out east through Pennsylvania to New York, with a prong to Phi ladelphia, giving the Atlantic and Great Western Rail road a forking, but end in the two great cities on tidewater, and making it another grand trunk line into the great in terior, which is already peopled on both slopes of the Rocky Mountains—an interior which is a vista of rising cities as the sky is a firmament of flashing stars. All this, wo aro aware, foreshadows a gigantic under taking, and vast outlay of money to build and stock it. But the fact is too palpable to be ignored or underrated, that, under the financial manipulation of James Milenry, Esq., the Atlantic and Great Western Railway organisation commands the confidence and co-operation of British capitalists of powerful influence and ample means, who have had experience in building roads and in placing bonds in market. Hitherto this organisation has had its faco turned west ward, till a wide-gaugo connection is secured with Cleve land, with Cincinnati, with St. Louis; and now it would appear as if it is about to turn short round to tho East, and, by leasing existing roads and building new links, carry its own independent wide gauge to New York city, the show-window of the great Republic—not omitting a wide-gauge connection with Philadelphia, the centralising focus of American mechanic arts. What legislation may be necessary to enable the At lantic and Great Western Railway Company.to consummate its bold scheme for a line of its own, by ownership and lease, all the way to New York city, is a question to be 'solved next winter at Harrisburg, where there are fewer practical than professed cosmopolitans; as, for instance, a member from Northampton, in favor of free legislation for railroads in his own county, voting and working against a bill for a railroad from Allentown to Norristown. A great clamor was raised against the repeal of the tonnage tax imposed on the Pennsylvania Railroad, by members who were vehement in opposition to a similar tax on rail roads in their own counties ! There are in Pennsylvania many potential interests re presenting immense investments, and how the introduction of a wide gauge into and through a Fart of the State where now none but the narrow gauge exists may be regarded by them, we must wait and watch. It is, of course, usual for parties asking for legislation, to take high ground in the expression of liberal sentiments ; but, sometimes, after such parties get what they themselves want, and other parties ask for something else, what a change comes over the spirit and import of their acts! SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TlMES.—There are few Englishmen of any feeling who will not have a host of once vivid impressions revived by the sight of Mr. Seward's despatch to the American Minister in our Saturday's columns. It is only seven months since we heard the news of a crime which grows in magnitude and in horror as we drift away from it down the swift stream of time.. The intervening period has not been uneventful or unexciting. We too, like the Americans, have lost the political chief of our Government, and quietly accepted the next in authority. The United States themselves have been pacified, reorganised, and re united, with a rapidity and ease that command our admiration. Our own immense empire has never failed to produce, somewhere or other, objects of anxious or agreeable interest. At home we are dividing our time between domestic economics and organic reconstruction. Our hands are never idle, but we can still feel the shock of the frightful tragedy which only in the spring of this year threw into the background every lesser or older misery, and might atone for any number of errors. It so happened that Abraham Lincoln, by the progress of either amendment or truth, had righted himself in English esteem, and then stood as well in our regards as any foreign potentate could ever hope to stand. We admired the man, and were beginning to like him, seeing in him the able and kind-hearted administra tor of the greatest work of social peacemaking the world had yet seen. So we felt his murder as we should have done that of a leading British statesman at the hands of a political fanatic. There was more, indeed, in his case than there would ever be in this country, unless we could suppose half the realm making head against the other half for several years. There was a grand ceremony of a national reconcilia tion to be performed, and, as Heaven would have it, there lay bleeding before us the victim to consecrate it. Other victims were intended, and the assassins so far succeeded that one, the foremost Statesman on the Federal side, and the man with whom we had most to do, had to endure for months a living mar tyrdom. The strong will, the active intellect, and the ready tongue lay trembling between life and death when the most difficult stage of his great task had only just begun. We could not but be deeply impressed with a catastrophe that appealed to the chief qualities of our race, and the national sympathy burst out at a thousand openings, wherever many or few had been wont to come to gether and make a common utterance. It was the same elsewhere. So mail after mail took across the Atlantic such piles of condolence as had probably never before been evoked by any national bereave ment. Answer could hardly be expected, for the man to answer was himself a dying man, for the time as helpless as his chief. So we wele all con tent to wait ; and now, after seven months, we find that we can revert to that crisis with undimin ished horror at the deed, and larger and more cer tain knowledge of its place in the work of American reconstruction. The American Secretary of State has done all that could be done under the circum stances. Any attempt to produce a form of words specially appropriate to every address and every community would have been only a ridiculous ef fort of literary clerkship. Even in this country people are little aware of the pressure of work in the principal Departments on an extraordinary crisis or in a busy season. At Washington there was a war to be brought to an end, a great Empire to be rebuilt, and a good many questions with other countries to be settled, if possible, to the satis faction alike of the American and of the foreigner. Mr. Seward, who has recovered slowly from his terrible succession of injuries, has only just been able to speak for himself and his Government. The British public will not have failed to notice the modesty with which the Secretary alludes to the cause of this delay. His Department was indeed crippled when he lay, as many thought, on his death-bed, with wound upon wound; for that was " the peculiar calamity" which then impaired the efficiency of the American Foreign-office. That a Government simply constructed for the transaction of •necessary affairs in the ordinary course of public business should have been able to do its share in the work of the war was itself a wonder to this country. But when a new calamity involved new " obliga tiJns"—the calamity a partial massacre of the Go vernment, and the " obligations" the duty of answering condolences—the worst foe of Republi can institutions could not but do justice to the Government which went on at all under such cir cumstances. We all saw, and duly appreciated, that there was not the least symptom of failure or collapse. Everything went on as• usual, as far as met the eye. Our own difficulties, indeed, are so different in kind that it is not- easy to make a just andintelligible comparison ; hut after witnessing the confusion apt to take place in other States upon the sudden withdrawing or the disabling of those at the head of critical affairs, we seemed to recognise a character like our own in a people whose chief rulers fell or were prostrated in a day, at a time when they were more than ever wanted, but which went on just as usual. The simple but very hearty acknow ledgments of the American Secretary seem to give US an opening for a word or two on the prevalent feelings of this country towards the United States. It would be quite idle to deny that there are points upon which this country is jealous, or sore, or with out the perfect sympathy that obtains between two similar social systems. With long arrears of quarrels upon one trifle or another, and a new one every year, and with a very strong opinion on this side that our rights were often sacrificed to political exigencies in the United States, we cer tainly have found it difficult to appreciate the Ame rians as we really wish to do. We can afford to make this confession when we state what we be lieve to be the truth as to the great extent of our good wishes for America. We have not the least objection to the United States increasing to any extent, and annexing any amount of territory or number of States, so long as it is all done honestly, above board, and by fair appeals to the sympathy and good sense of the people. If the population either of our own provinces or of Mexico freely and spontaneously declared they thought this their best chance of peace and prosperity, the British people would only feel the most passing regret at the loss of a name, and the proportionate aggrandisement of the United States. Of course the case is altered if the object is to be obtained by fraud, by force, or by intimidation. In that case, not only is there actual wrong done upon our own loyal subjects, and others entitled to our sympathy, but there is also established a prescription, a policy, and a temper ruinous to the future peace and even pro gress of the world. History contains some very colossal instances of continual annexation by fraud and by violence ; in fact, by policies constructed with a speciaView to perpetual aggrandisement. But the event yet condemns them ; the moral sense is opposed to them ; and modern politics are mainly directed to prevent the recurrence of the evil. It is from no special jealousy of the United States that we dread their indefinite enlargement by the means too of cen employed, and vainly de nounced by American moralists. It is our English habit, our second nature, our historical teaching, our European law. Even in Europe we are glad to see Italians or Germans achieve more comprehen sive unions than circumstances have hitherto allowed. Nor should we object to any amount of aggregation in America by equally allowable means. Only, as a great State, we cannot bear to be ousted, outwitted, and coerced, and to see our own people suffer for their loyalty. POST.—From the file of newspapers brought by the last American mail we learn the reception given at New York to the news of the surrender of the Shenandoah. When that cruiser dropped her anchor in the Mersey, and her commander and crew sub mitted themselves to the English Government, the opinions expressed by the public press in respect to the future action of the authorities were uncertain and various. It was generally conceded that the Government were not bound by the extradition treaty to deliver up Captain Waddell or any of his crew ; but it was also admitted that the only ground on which we could justify our refusal to do so would be our readiness and ability to try him for an offence cognisable before,English tribunals. It was there fore almost assumed that the captain of the Shenan doah would have beea arraigned for piracy, and called upon to prove to the satisfaction of a jury that all acts of hostility against American commerce subsequent to the overthrow of the Confederate Government were committed by him in ignorance of that fact. When the last mail left New York the surrender of the Shenandoah, but not the ultimate decision of the English Government, was known, and the newspapers of that city consequently teem with speculations on the probable conduct of the re spective Governments of Great Britain and the United States. The World and the Herald deelare themselves convinced that England will not hesitate to admit the justice of a demand for Captain Wad dell's extradition, whilst the New York Times asserts that the responsibility of dealing with that officer devolves alone oh the British Government, and that America has a right to demand that a prosecution will be instituted against him in an English court of law. A few days later the American journalists will have learned that not only was Captain Wad dell not handed over to the American Ambassador, but that he and the companions of his voyage were set at liberty, and the vessel alone, together with the spoils of her many depredations, placed at the dis posal of the American Government. How this in telligence has been received we cannot say. It is probable that a very little reflection served to con vince our American contemporaries that any claims made under the extradition treaty would have been untenable, whilst the liberation of Captain Waddell would find a ready explanation in the refusal of the American Minister to call upon the English Govern ment to institute criminal proceedings against that gentleman. We are as yet ignorant of what passed betwgen Mr. Adams and the Earl of Clarendon in connection with the captain and crew of the Shenan doah ; but it is probable that the former contented himself with simply demanding possession of the vessel and her contents. When commenting on the arrival of the Shenandoah in the . port of Liverpool we directed particular attention to those principles of law which govern the interpretation of the extra dition treaty, and pointed out the grounds on which we should have been compelled to refuse to surren der Captain Waddell to the American authorities in case a requisition had been made by Mr. Adams. There can be no doubt that the non-presentation of such a demand was attributable to the fact that, under circumstances in many respects similar, the Court of Queen's Bench decided eighteen months ago that the extradition treaty did not apply. There was no reason to suppose that the judgment then pro nounced would be overruled, and the American Minister adopted a dignified course in not making a demand which he knew would be rejected. When, however, some American journals venture to assert that our refusal to surrender Captain Waddell would constitute a transparent violation of the treaty, and that such a course on our part would justly provoke them into despatching from their ports Fenian Shenandoahs and Fenian Alabamas to prey upon British commerce, we would simply re mind them that treaties and laws are invariably constructed without any regard to the consequences of such construction, and that the decision on that particular clause of the treaty under which, if at all, Captain Waddell's extradition would have been de manded, was given in a case in which popular sym pathy was in no way enlisted. The offence of piracy is mentioned in the treaty as one of those crimes for the commission of which the extradition of individuals may be demanded ; but piracy is of two kinds, namely, by the law of nations, and by the municipal law of particular countries. It was held by the Court of Queen's Bench that it was only in cases of piracy of the latter kind that the treaty applied, because, as it provides that certaincrimmals shall " be delivered up to justice," that object could not be sought in those instances where the offence committed is cognisable by the tribunals of the country in which the offender is found. If Captain Waddell is a pirate, he is so jure gentium, and con sequently responsible for his acts in this country in like manner as he would be in America. All therefore that the American people could fairly claim at our hands was that he should be called upon by us to answer for his supposed offences. Why he was not put upon his trial we cannot positivelypy, but we are inclined to imagine that the explanation which he offered to the English Government was deemed satisfactory both by them and by the American Minister, and that it was deemed inexpedient to institute what would pro bably have proved a mere vexatious prosecution. It must be admitted that the impression which existed not only in the United States but in this country, that the Shenandoah had pursued her depredations far into the autumn, was erroneous. Captain Wad dell asserts that his last capture was made in June, some six weeks after the fall of the Confederacy, and that, on his receipt from the English ship Bar racouta of what he considered reliable information on that point, he immediately dismantled his ship and steered for England. Now, if those statements were true, and we have had their accuracy im peached, it is almost certain that an impartial jury would have found that, considering the remoteness of the seas on which he cruised, he had not received in June such information from the whalers whom he captured as rendered it incumbent on him to desist from hostilities. It is also to be borne in mind that the piracy which the captain of the Shenandoah is alleged to have committed must have been motiveless, because his first act on his arrival in Liverpool was to deliver up, together with his ship, the spoils of his different conquests. It is not suggested that Captain Waddell or any of his crew profited to the amount of a single dollar by their cruise against the American whalers. Under these circumstances, therefore, it will probably be ad mitted in America, as it has certainly been felt here, that the later hostilities committed by the commander of the Shenandoah against the Ameri can flag were so committed in ignorance of the fall of the Government by whose authority he acted, and that neither morally nor legally could he be deemed responsible for the consequences of those acts. American Financial and Commercial. - -110. )vhW Yogi, Nov..ls.—Money easier. Gold 1471. Ex change on Dna;lon, 160 ; ditto Paris, 3.551. Stocks slightly firmer. New York Centrals, 96* ; Illinois, 1341 ; Erie, 92i ; Five-Twenty Bonds, 1011-.. Cotton tending downwards : Middling Upland, 50. Flour steady. Wheat advancing. Corn good inquiry. Provisions firmer. Coffee dull. Sugar dull. Molasses good demand. Petro leum very firm ; crude, 391 ; refined, 62. NEW YORK, Nov. 18.—Money easier. Gold, 147. Ex change on London, 1591 ; on Paris, 3.55. Stocks slightly firmer. New York Central, 971 ; Illinois, 134 ; Erie, 92. Five-Twenties, 102}. Cotton steady—middling upland, 52c. Flour quiet. Wheat tending downwards. Corn dull. Provisions heavy. Coffee quiet. Sugar steady. Molasses quiet.. Petroleum steady—crude, 391 c. ; refined, 621 c. NEW ORLEANS, Nov. 10.—Cotton very dull—middling upland, 50c. to 52c. New York Petroleum Stock Quotations, Nov. 14:— Bid. Asked. M'Kinley Mt. Vernon 0 75 Montana Northern Light 20 325 Oceanic a4s 050 Oil Creek Pit Hole Creek 13 15 13 20 Rynd Farm Shade River 380 4 0 Southard Tack, of N. Y 0 25 026 Union — 40 0 United Pet — 0 65 United States 26 70 26 70 Vesta — 2 0 Webster Pet Knickerbocker 012 020 Liberty Lily Run Pet. 110 150 M'Clintockvie 1 0 N.Y.& Newark 037 040 Noble Well 3 0 Ohio Palmer Oil 250 275 Pit Hole Con. 295 3 0 People's Pet President Sherman and Barnesdale — Von. &P. Hole W. Vir. o.Coal 0 15 Walker Creek 3 0 Watson O2O 020 Bid. Asked. Bennehoff R l6 25 16 45 Buchanan Fm 066 067 Bradley Oil llO 112 Brevoort 14 50 Central 25 50 26 0 Cherry Run O2l 023 Empire City 0 50 Everett • 085 125 Excelsior Fee Simple First National 090 095 Germania Hamilton and M'Clintock 530 Highgate Manhattan 026 028 Adamantine Allegheny Oil 050 Allen Wright 090 Bergen C. &O. 024 030 Beech Tree — 1 0 Bunker-hill California Pet 0 0 Cherry Run and Chenango 025 •0 60 Clinton Commonwealth 2 0 Consol, N.Y OBO Enniskillen 3 0 Forest Pet 0 5 050 G. W. Cons'd 065 125 Inexhaustible 018 020 Ivanhoe 2lO 225 Ky. Nat. P. Co ll5 135 (From E. F. Satterthwaite q- Co.'s Weekly Circular, Nov. 29th.) The Java brought us advices from New York to the 14th inst., reporting lower prices for nearly every descrip tion of securities. Government Stocks were about $1 lower, the demand for money bringing some considerable amounts to market. The entire list of Railroad Stocks also exhibited a decline of from $1 to $5. In Milwaukee and Prairie du Chien the speculation had broken through, and from 230 the Shares had fallen to 102. Railroad Mortgages and State Stocks participated in the general depression. Gold remained steady at about 47 premium, the large amount required for customs duties preventing any decline. The following is an extract from a letter, dated Chicago, November 7th, 1865 ; it is from a gentleman intimatey acquainted with the freighting business, and will, we think, be read with much interest, as showing the enormous quantities of produce requiring to be moved. it affords additional evidence, if any were needed, of the inadequacy of existing roads to cope with the business offering ; either additional tracks must be laid down, additional se parate roads must be built, or produce and merchandise must be left behind Surely with such facts as are now patent, there is re quired not only the full development of the Atlantic and Great Western as it at present exists, but also another fresh outlet to the seaboard for the traffic brought by this and other railways from the teeming West. It appears to us that for those having an unemployed capital, from which a steady income must be derived, no more desirable investment offers than the Bonds of Ameri can Railroads, which run through districts, affording a present large and increasing traffic. The rate of interest would be much higher than, and the security quite equal to, that obtained from investments in our own British or the Indian line of Railroad, especially when the interest is payable in London at a fixed rate of exchange. "The New York Central Railroad is completely blocked at Albany, the Eastern terminus, owing to the inability of the connecting roads for Boston, and other points in New England to receive and carry off the property as fast as the Central delivers it, and now every store-house, and spare foot of open ground in the city is occupied with de layed property, and-to-such an extent that the Central COUNTRY MARKETS NORTHAMPTON—DEc. 2. Our corn market to-day was moderately supplied with wheat, and there was a fair attendance, and a small rise was established. Only a few good samples of barley ex hibited, and prices higher; inferior is per qr. lower. Oats limited, and prices in favour of the seller. Beans meagre', and for best sorts rather more money paid. Peas not much alteration. New white - wheat, 44s to 52s ; new red, 40s to 47s ; old white, 48s to 535; old red, 45s to 50s per 36 stone. Bark)) , for malting, 36s to 40s per qr. ; grinding, 26s to 37s per 3 0 stone. Oats, old, 30s to 34s ; new, 20s to 28s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 46s to 50s ; new, 36s to 40s per 38 stone. Pea.% 34s to 40s per 36 stone. COLCHES 'ER-DEC. 2. A pretty good supply of wheat, with a firm trade. The best samples were is per qr. higher. Wheat, white 40s 5481 Beans, Mazagan......33s 38i red 36s 48s I _ Middle and small ~35s 425, Barley •Bs 40$ Peas, white 38s 12 4 Oats 2os 2bs grey .36s 103 CHELMSFORD-Dn. 1. A fair supply of wheat, but the greater part out of con dition. Best samples realised last week's prices, other sorts a slow sale, at some abatement. Fine malting barley fully is cheaper. Beans the turn dearer. Oats and peas were as dear. Whetit, old white.... 453 52s Peas, Partridge 37e 399 new .43s tOe White . .303 Ms old red 39i 438 lkiling .38s 42S new. 35s 39e Dun.... ..... ...31s 358 Barley.... 248 318 dit o, new....--8 - --6 chevalier ~..'as ::.9s Beans, Tick, old ......3115 371 Grind.ng ',36 bs new. ...--0 - 0 Malt 588 £OB Harrow l'icks.3ss 8 Chevalier des 624 new....-8 -I Oats •• • 2os 268 Mangan . ;23 378 MD . GRANTHAM-DEC. 2. Old white wheat, 54s to 58s; old red, 48s to 54s ; new white, 50s to 56s ; new red, 45s to bOs per 36 stone. Bar ley for malting, 35s to 39s per qr. ; grinding, 28s to 30s per 30 stone. Oats, old, 28s to 30s ; new, 20s to 26s per 21 stone. Beans, old, 46s to 50s ; new, 40s to 44s per 38 stone. Peas, 35s to 39s per 36 stone. ABERDEEN—DEc. 2. There was a thin attendance at this day's market, with a small show of samples. Oats firm. Bore and barley the turn lower. White wheat .3 3 6 8 5 s Od to t t o o 4 4 0 5 5 s 0 0 a d} 621 b 11 bushel. Red wheat f 40th Potato oats 22s 6d to 23s 6d t Common oats 22s Od to 22s 6d Bere 27s 6d to 28 8 Od VI bushel. Barley ..27s 6d to 28s 6d} 531 b bushe Oatmeal 18s Od to 19s Od 131 boll of 1401• Flour, fine 36s Od to 37s Od sack of 2801 b• KIRKCALDY-DEC. 2. Good supply of barley and oats, small of wheat. Wheat is dearer. Barley and oats at the prices of this day week. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First. 47s (d I 19s Od 243 Od 4U3 Od 3 sOd 53 d Lord 5.13 Od 34a Od J 2as 01 COAL MARKET. Price per ton at the close of the market. s. d. s. e• Hastings Hartley l9 6 Walls End Haswell... 21 0 Tunstall South Hetton Hartlepool East Hartlepool Tanfield Moor Butes 16 3 Pittington lB 9 New Belmont 2O 0 Kelloe Pensher Primrose ... 19 6 Buddle'sWestHartley 19 3 Heughall Hetton l9 0 Davison's W. Hartley 19 Ships at market, 78 ; sold, 76. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and New Zealand, via Southampton Deo. 19. Ditto, via Marseilles Dee. 13. Brazil and Cape Verde. by British pae4et ...... Dee. 4. Ditto, by French packet Dec. 22. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Dec. 22. China, Penang, and Singapore. via Southampton Dec. 2. Ditto, via Marseilles Dec. 13 . Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton.... Deo. 2 Ditto, via Marseilles .. Dec. 13. India (Bombay), via Southampton.. Dec. 12. Ditto, via Marseilles Dec._6 Mauritius, via Southampton Dec 12 Ditto, via Maraeil:ee. Dec 6. Newfoundland , Dec. 8. Portugal Ditto, by private ship to Lisbon. United States and British North America, by Bri tish packet Ditto, by United States packet, via Southamp ton Ditto, via Cork Ditto, by Canadian packet, via Londonderry Dec. 8. West Coast of Africa. Madeira, and Teneriffe Dec. 11. West Indies and Pacific (except Bahamas, Cuba, and Mexico Deo. "4. Cuba and Mexico Bahamas, via New Y ork. ... Dec. 14. Bermuda, ditto .. Dec. 20. Gen. Breckenridge has announced his determina tion to remove to Texas should President Johnson pardon him. He ascribes the late turning point in the Confederate fortunes to the removal of General Joseph E. Johnston from the command of the Confederate army before Atlanta. !ADVERTISEMENT. j —Holloway's Pills The Readi Remody.—When winter sets in, the human constitution undergoes many trials, from some of which disease will spring unless the blood, repelled from the surface of the body, finds organs capable of receiving it and secretions adapted to consume it. This preservative power is ad mirably displayed by proper doses of Holloway's pills, which relieve the liver, kidneys, and bowels from undue congestion, by immediately augmenting their secretions , and so diverting any surplus quantity of blood from si situation where its continued presence must be mis chievous. Births. HICICMAN.—On the 2d inst., at Dover, the wife of Captain Robert J. Hickman, 60th Rifles, of a daughter. MALCOLM.—On the 2d inst., at 22, Prince's-gate, Hyde" park, Mrs. Malcolm, of a son. MOPE.—On the 2d inst., at 23, Clarges-street, Piccadilly the wife of Joseph S. Moye, Esq., of a son. TOLLEMACHE.—On the Ist inst., at Peckforton, Cheshire, Mrs. Tollemache, of a son. Marriages. BUXTON—JotrisToNE.--On the 4th inst., at St. Peter'o,, Eaton-square, Sir Robert Buxton, Bart. ' of Shadvre l ' Court, Norfolk, to Mary A. Harriet, only c hild of th e late Lieut.-Col. J. Johnstone, second son of the late JO' 14. Johnstone, Esq., of Alvs, Stirlingshire. M'MlLLAN—lmaxowonnr.—On the 4th inst., at St. 130 : tolph's, Alex. M'Millan, merchant, to Hannah, daughte r of the late Thomas Illingworth, 'Esq., manufactur e ! , Bradford, Yorkshire. Deaths. BARNES.—On the 3d inst., at Summit Coitage, Upper Clapton, John Hickman Barnes, Esq., aged 89: BILLINGS.—On the 3d inst., at Holloway, Ralph Billing', Esq., aged 89. _ BURGESS.—On the Ist inst., suddenly, at Southsoa, Thos Henry Burgess, Esq., M.D. GALE.—On the 30th ult., at Bardsev Hall, Lancashire, W Gale, Esq., late 10th Hussars, aged 78.. IluGHEs.—On the Ist inst., at his residence, Pl a s Cod ], Anglesey, Elizabeth, wife of William Bulkeley 111 1 & 9 ' Esq., M.P. MOCATTA.—On the 2d inst., at 19, Store-street, Bedford square, Daniel Mocatta, Esq., aged 92. London: Printed and Published by WILLIAM AN MNo OWS 2 of No. 112, Strand, Ptinter, at Tim SUN Office, ~1 1 n Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy . in the C oUM:I- Mifdlesex.—Tueeday, December 5, 1555. EV,I3 111 li, lil AD' Fred fee, c three diseot made 15 yea e4vel 0 50 10 0 have been compelled to notify all Western roads not to send any more freight until further notice. " The Erie is also very much crowded, and Mr. Blanchard has also notified all Western connections not to send any more property destined for New England points to his road, as they find that there is more New York freight pressing on them than they can take care of. The Pennsylvanian Central and Baltimore and Ohio roads aro also very much crowded, and great delay occurs in the delivery of property at destination by all the roads, and this before the provision packing season has com menced. " There has been a little beef packed here, but to a very limited extent, and no pork as yet. "The Grand Trunk of Canada has all it can do with the local Canada business, and is not now receiving any through freight from this and other Lake Michigan ports for Boston, and other New England places ; such as Port land, &c. All the Northern lines of transportation by the lakes to Buffalo, Oswego, and Ogdensburg, aro also pressed to their utmost capacity ; and Oswego, and particularly Ogdensburg, aro both full of property awaiting its turn to be sent to the interior, by canal from Oswego, and by rail from Ogdensburg. "The tonnage of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and tributaries is now fifty per cent. greater than in 1859, two years before the rebellion, and is found inadequate to move the present crop, and in proof—the steamboats between St. Louis and New Orleans have doubled their rate of freight on flour and property within the last two weeks. "The rates charged now by all the railways leading East is three times what it was last summer." The London market for American Securities has, during the past week, been characterised by a growing disposition on the part of investors to take all descriptions currently dealt in. United States Five-Twenty Bonds have improved 1 per cent., closing 641 to a for the settlement 15th De cember. For the same account Illinois are last quoted 8 3 to I, being an improvement of $l, and Erie; for which there has been a considerable demand, leave off 571 to 1 . , quite $2 over our previous quotations. The recent meet ing of Atlantic and Great Western bondholders stimulated the demand for Erie Shares, in prospect of the mutual advantage which is likely to accrue to both lines from the amicable relations reported to exist between the two com panies. All securities of the Atlantic and Great Western have been in request, the Debentures having been done as high as 861 but from this there has been some reaction, as they close 83 to 84 for the large, and 84 to 86 for the small denominations. E The LN1)I That on Ti again T 1 liort i llavi l Secui „Eq The] PI Jai Rajiv IV. Itailv C. Limi Le Liyni JOE Comi Th and 1 TI Me Ti Me Lone ME aree ME Lon Tots Of w are TI;o1 that Dl the a rase Inc, have or al Mont tray Ti er e , /iith E Rail datic Ti hte than NtOci T 1 c on qua L ot Jan Yea tit Pc THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, '''' DECEMBER 5, 1865.