The Sun. — London, England, 1848-12-11 00:00:00

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, DECEMBER 10. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 44; Highest, 57; Noon, 58 BA.RCMETER, 30.35. WEND S.; fine sunshiny weather. DECEMBER 11. TifERNOMETZIS, Lowest, 40; Highest. 57; Noon, 54. BAROMETER, 30.22. WIND S.W.; fine clear mild weather. 13, Great Marlborough-street. MR. COLBURN WILL PUBLISH IMMEDIATELY, THE FOLLOWING NEW WORKS. The Conclusion of KING ARTHUR. By the Author of " The New Timon." LUCILLE BEL3IONT. A Novel. 3 vole, MEMOIRS and CORRESPONDENCE of Sir ROBERT MURRAY KEITH, K. 8., Minister Plenipotentiary at the Courts of Dresden, Copenhagen, and Vienna, from 1769 to 1793. Edited by Mrs. Gil lespie Smyth. 2 vols. post 870. IV. The MIDNIGHT SUN. A Pilgrimage. By Fredrika Bremer. Translated from the Unpublished Original. By Mary Howitt. 1 vol. post Bvo. V. The OLD JUDGE ; or, Life in a Colony. By the Author of " Sara Slick, the Clockmaker," &c. 2 vols. post Svo. The CASTLEREAGH LETTERS and DISPATCHES. Vols. 3 and 4. Concluding the Irish Rebellion aad Union. ANECDOTES of the ARISTOCRACY, and EPISODES in AN CESTRAL STORY. By J. Bernard Burke, Esq. Author of " The History of the Landed Gentry," " The Peerage and Baronetage," &e. 2 vols. post Bvo. VIII. MORDAUNT HALL. A )4 ovel. By the Author of " Emilia Wyndham," "Angela," &c. 3 vols. Ix. CHATEALTBRUND'S MEMOIRS of his OWN TIME. Written by Himself. Part IL, price 2s. 6d. X. ROCKINGHAM ; or, The Younger Brother. ♦ Novel. By a Lady of Distinction. 3 vols. ___ XL A NEW SYSTEM of GEOLOGY. By the Very Rev. William Cockburn, D.D., Dean of York. Dedicated to Pro:essor Sedgwick. XII. PEPYS' DIARY and CORRESPONDENCE. New Edition, with the Omitted Passages Restored. Edited by Lord Braybrooke. Vol. V., completing the Work. 10s. 6d. bound. , - XIII. OWEN TUDOR. An Historical Romance. By the Author of " Whitefriars," " Ctesar Borgia," &c. 3 vols. ADTENTURES in BORNEO. Dedicated to his Excellency Sir James Brooke, K.C.8., Governor of Labuan, and Rajah of Sarawak. 1 vol. post Svo. XV. Mr. ROSS'S YACHT VOYAGE to DENMARK, NORWAY, and SWEDEN - , in Lord Rodney's Cutter the "Iris." Second Edition. 1 vol., 195. bound. (Now ready.) Weary Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlberough-street. Orders received by all Booksellers. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Brompton. The public is respectfully informed that this Theatre has, during th e r ecess, undergone very extensive repairs awl alterations and the whole re-decorated. THIS EVENING, Will be performed the Comedy of MONEY. Evelyn, Mr. Charles Kean ; Clara Douglas, Mrs. Charles Kean. After which, an entirely new and original Comedy, entitled THE KNIGHT OF ARVA. The Knight of Arva, Mr. Hadson ; the Princess Marina. Miss Reynolds. To conclude with the Farce of SPRING GARDENS. Lord Court ington, Mr. H. Hell ; Sir Arthur Lovel, Mr. H. Vandenhoff ; Scoreup Mr. Keeley ; Lady Clarissa, Mrs. L. S. Buckingham ; Mrs. Scoreup, Miss Julia Bennett. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIII. tinder the direction of Madame Celeste. During' the Recess this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the original designs by Dlgby Wyatt, Esq., executed by Mr. Sang. A new Stage, Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved sys tem of Ventilation, &c., &c. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs added to the Seats, and Stalls rendered more comfortable. THIS EVENING Will be performed ST. MARY'S EVE. A Story of the Solway. Tom Beggs, Mr. Wright; Madeline, Madame Celeste. To be followed by THE. ENCHANTED ISLE. Alonzo, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Prospero, Mr. 0. Smith ; Iriel, Madame Celeste. After which a new Farce called SLASHER AND CRASHER. Mr. Slasher, Mr. Wright ; Mr. Crasher, Mr. Paul Bedford. Te conclude with JOHN JONES. Gny Geodluck, Mr. Lambert ; Eliza Melton, Miss E. Chaplin. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATKE. Under the Management of Madame Vestris. Sole Lessee, Mr. Charles 51 a' he ,s. THIS EVENING. Will be performed a comic Drama, entitled ANYTHING FOR A CHANGE. Characters by Messrs. Harley, C. Mathews, Horner; Miss K. Fitzwilliam, and Miss Marshall. After which IJED UP. To be followed by an APPEAL TO 'TIE T ÜBLIC. To conclude with MY FATHER DID SO BEFORE ME, in which Mr. John Reeve ►ill appear. Dress tkixe., ss. ; Upper Boxes, ; Pit, 2 ; Gallery, is. No half-price to any part of the horse. The i'ew Boa-offtce, No. 2, Wellington- bst e t, is open to the public every day, from Ten till Six. PRINCESS'S THEATV.F, - Mr. J. M. Maddox, Sole Lessee and Manager. During the Recess this Theatre has been re-decorated and embel lished in a superb and costly manner t•y Mr Hurwitz. A new Chan delier has been fitted, and the best airanze men is have been reads for the due Ventilation of the Theatre, and the euuttort and conrealence of tie audience. THIS EVENING, Will be performed a new Ballad Opera, entitled ROBIN GOOD FELLOW. To be followed by a New DIVERTISSEMENT. To conclude with the comic Opera of LOVE A TILLAGE. Hawthorn, Mr. Charles Braham ; - Young Meadows, Mr. Allen ; Hodge, Mr. Oxberry ; Madge, Miss Emma Stanley; Rosetta, Miss Julia Harland. ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. DUMBOLTON'S SERENADERS. This celebrated Troupe, whose performances have excited univer sal admiration throughout the United States, will repeat a short Series of their popular ETHIOPIAN ENTERTAINMENT at the above Theatre THIS EVENING, December 11, and on Wed nesday, and Friday Evening. Tho Programme will include a variety of original Songs, Glees, Icc., entirely new to this country, written and somposed expressly far this company. Doors open at Eight, the Entertainments to commence at Half past Eight. Boxes, 4a. ; Pit, 2s. Boxes and Stalls at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Li brary, 33, Old Bond-street ; and at the Box-office of the Theatre. TO CORRESPONDENTS. No communication can be attended to unless authenti- sated by the name and address of the writer. iteiected communications cannot bo returned. 111011 WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning ..a6 min after 1 j Evening 20 rain. after , mt. . 1) LONDON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1848. " The Revolution," says CHATEAUBRIAND in his great posthumous autobiography D' Outre Tombe, " The Revolution would have gained a supporter in me had it not been commenced by crimes. I saw the first head carried on a pike, and shrank back. Mur der can never appear, in my eyes, either an object of admiration or a proof of liberty. I know nothing more base, more despicable, more cowardly or more mean than a Terrorist." The true democrats of the European continent should bear this memorable ac knowledgment in recollection. It is a truth articu lated, by the lips of an honest and profound thinker, from the abyss of Death. And its correctness has been singularly verified by the events which have transpired since the demise of the panegyrist of Christianity. Those nations which have abstained from acts of violence in their re cent struggles for freedom have advanced the most steadily towards the realisation of their golden day-dreams of liberty and constitutional happiness; whereas the people who have dragged the banner of regeneration through the blood of murder and the mire of pillage have placed a formidable weapon in the hands of their antagonists, and so far from ele vating themselves into freemen, have debased them selves into assassins. France, yielding to the angelic inspirations of her Orator, repudiated in February the red flag which h a d nly made the tour of the Champ de Mars,tle andselected in its stead the glorious of standard tricolour, which had made the tour of the world with and her liberti es I Renea her glory, her triumphs, it is that French democracy has hitherto nbe victorious over all difficulties. The citizensofeFrance, fighting for their rights against a depraved geol onarchy, still aft s o t f religion:; prla bowed down in homage before the . oc and a little more than three months o oration of the Republic, which had been are a crime, the Archbishop of Penis anzecraZahu the freedom of his country by d y in g wit h the oliv e branch in his hand at the foot of the barricade s _ Bonus pastor donavit animam suam pro ovibus In consequence of this abstinence from all criminality on the part of French Democracy, the young Republic has been gradually consolidated and her Constitution acquired in the midst of the convulsions of the surrounding kingdoms. Prussia, in the same way, has not polluted its struggles with any one pa roxysm of ferocity, and now, although the National Assembly has been illegally dissolved, and although the streets of Berlin are in the possession of the soldiers of WRANGEL, it is proceeding steadily to wards the acquirement of political rights, such as have never been conceded since the Elector of Branden- burg was first crowned with a royal diadem. While the absence of all atrocity in Prussia and France has led to the consolidation of freedom in the one country, and to the general advancement of reform in the other, the democracies of Italy - and Austria have encountered obstacles which, at the first glance, seem to be almost wholly insurmountable. In this respect the Italians are in a more lamentable situation than the Austrians. The one isolated act of cruelty which cast a momentary gloom over the revolution of Vienna was expiated by the noble moderation displayed by the tri umphant democrats of that capital. And now that the single death of LATOUR has been followed by the predatory deeds of JELLA cmcu and by the fiendish brutalities of Wrzipiscs- IP . : i? 61 t,. . .*:•• 4,11 7.Z . t, 4 - a .- zi=";l ..i zi. 4* ,14 1-:; , ... - 1 - A,"'"'e:= •• . v , -, , 1":4& .....,,„,,_, R.. II , 1 0: ; „, Q ..., ...-r.4.40%, , ~,- - o f,- ,•,...wi.c... 11, 1 h, IT 'A ! - -r., -.......' :THE SUN, LONDON, GRATZ, the Austrians are beginning to recognise a feeble glimmering of hope in the abdication of FER DINAND 1., and the accession to the throne of the Lord Archduke FRANCIS JOSEPH, a young prince who may inaugurate his reign by the proclamation of a free and durable Constitution. With Italy it is otherwise. There a ferocious murder was extolled as an act of heroism, and the blood which flowed from the poignard of the Roman Bravo incarnadined the whole of the Italian democracy with the guilt of as sassination. The cruelties which also occurred among the insurgent Sicilians have led in like manner to the bombardment of Messina and to the suc cess of the expedition dispatched by the execrable Government of Naples. Allowances should of course be made for the infu riation of the populace at the crimes and faithlessness of their oppressors ; but still we maintain that failure is in the vast majority of instances the deserved result of the errors of a sanguinary Revolution. How sub lime were the magnanimity and moderation of the French democrats in February, and how noble has been their recompense ! How atrocious were the ferocity and ingratitude of the Roman democrats in November, and what dark clouds of doubt, anxiety, and trepidation have descended upon their heads as a fitting retribution ! Although we make an enormous reservation on account of the treachery of the KING, we must, ne vertheless, rejoice over the liberality of sentiment which characterises the new Prussian Constitution. And the excellence of many portions of this constitu tion we attribute to the fact of the bloodless nature of the Prussian revolution. In this manner the popu lation of Prussia have acquired—equality before the law—a system of gratuitous primary education—the inviolability of home—the total abolition of a censor ship upon the press the right of meeting— the right of petitioning—the freedom of conscience -the separation of Church and State—the equality of military service—the responsibility of Ministers — trial by jury —and, in addition to these and many other extraordinary boons of emancipation, the total and immediate abolition of the last vestiges of feu dality. Unhappily the concessions on the part of FREDERICK WILHELM are accompanied by a condi tion which reveals in rather glaring colours the hypocrisy of his pretended political munificence• Universal suffrage is to be established merely in a secondary degree. The electoral liberties are to be crippled by restrictions. The people are to name the electors, and the electors are to name the repre sentatives. So that the old dodge of despotism is to be once more attempted—the subjection of the Na tional Parliament to the will of the Court by the corruption of the electoral colleges. Doubtless the MONARCH plumes himself upon the adoption of a device so ingenious that he dreams of again thrusting forth a furtive hand to the kindred grasp of the AUTOCRAT. In such an anticipation he is marvel lously deceived. Unless the reservation be withdrawn betimes he himself will feel the weight of popular indignation. The time for half-measures has gone by. This is not the age for temporizing. The foundations of the New Prussian Constitution are strong and gigantic, but they are embedded in quick sand. Let the solid ground of confidence in the people be chosen by the Sovereign, and FREDERICK WILHELM IV. may then have visions of glory and gratitude. The letter of Mr. CRAWSHAY, the eminent iron master, to which we directed the public attention on Thursday last, has elicited an explanation which, al though not purporting to be " official," or put for ward by the directors of the Bank of England as an answer to the charge preferred, bears inherent evi dence of the quarter whence it has emanated. Its parentage cannot for a moment be doubted. The author, who assumes the signature of "Verna," declares that "he writes simply in the capa city of one personally acquainted with facts, at issue." It is manifest, however, that he might if he pleased have written ex cathedra, and appended a signature to the document, which would at once have established his authority, and proved that he had access to every possible source of information. We may, therefore, regard the statement as authentic in every particular, and consider how far the Bank is justified by the facts disclosed, for its departure from the functions for which it was originally constituted, and for the proper discharge of which it was endowed with so many valuable and exclusive privileges. The fact of the trading is not denied—it is dis tinctly admitted that " the works are at present car ried on by the Bank of England as mortgagees." In other words, the Bank in every respect acts as an ironmaster, manufacturing iron and disposing of it for the best price that can be obtained in the market. It has entered into the iron trade, and is enabled to make all its gigantic resources available in the new business in which it has embarked its capital. Henceforward it will not be its policy to afford monetary accommodation to „rivals in trade, however undoubted their solvency, or unquestion able their means of payment. Every note presented for discount must be subjected to a double scrutiny. It will not be sufficient to ascertain that it is founded on a legitimate commercial transaction, that; no rea sonable doubt exists that it will be duly honoured at maturity. Another question will naturally arise that must be considered before the proceeds thereof are carried to the account of the party by whom it is tendered. How far shall we strengthen the hands of our opponents ? How far shall we enable their. to carry on their works, and thus keep up a competition that must diminish our profits as ironmasters ? It needless to speculate upon the result, should the con tingency to which we have adverted arise. It is one by no means improbable, and the directors should either withhold the facilities to which other parties had an unquestionable claim, or sacrifice their own interests to a conscientious discharge of their public duties. It appears that a large advance was made by the Bank en the security of these works during the panic of last autumn. The community in general have no right to enter into the reasons, or question the policy by which the directors were influenced in complying with the application that had been made. It was of course desirable that a large company should be saved from the unpleasant necessity of stopping payment, and of discharging the numerous workmen dependent on them for employment. But, unhappily, such cases are of frequent occurrence. It is not is the iron trade alone that payments hare been suspended, and many families plunged into the deepest distress, from being suddenly deprived of their ordinary employment. If the parties were sol vent, if their difficulties had been occasioned by temporary causes, the undue tightness of the money market preventing them from obtaining reason able accommodation, a strong claim would have been established, with which the directors of . the Bank should have complied, so far as was in their power, in justice to their other customers. But they should have disposed of the question upon " banking" principles, and not have sanctioned the advance unless there was a reasonable prospect of its repayment within a reasonable time ; and if that was the case they should have permitted the concern to have remained in the hands, and under the control of its f orme r manag ers. Other in fluences, howevermight have into operation. It is just possible that the transaction aiy f lt o n r c the purp ose o f cover i ng l arge have e mortgage been entered into, and the accepted, spreviously made, an d th us asheedlteireidnisgetrheeetdirectors of t he Bank from th e o di um and loss that might h ave been sustained if th e y h a d pursued a more stringent MlT e' It is at p resen t sufficient to say that the advance was sanctioned to the amount of several hundred thousand pounds, and th at it does not appear t o h ave been a ver y prudent invest ment, as, according to the showing of the B an k champion, but three courses remained open to the directors, viz., "to sell the works at 0nee......t 001d them for sale after st o pp in g them —o r to keep them in action till a buyer could be found." The first course, " Verax " says, " was impossible, from proceedings in equity disputing the title t o them; to stop them would have involved a large destruction of property, and, what was of far greater consideration, it involved depriving of em ployment a town full of people void of other resource. The third course was therefore adopted, of keeping them on a reduced scale in action until dispo:ed of." This, then, is the justification relied on by the direc tors. They made their advance to parties in insol vent circumstances, from whom they could have had no reasonable expectation of payment within the periods to which banking operations are usually re stricted, and they did so upon a defective, or to use the words of their own advocate, " a disputed title," with proceedings actually pending in a court of equity. And to prevent the losses to which they would have have been exposed by their own imprudent conduct, they embark the capital of their proprie tors in a new trade, not sanctioned or authorised by law, and in which the original loss may possibly be greatly increased. It is not necessary to follow " Verax " through his statements respecting the accumulation of stock, or the withholding the produce from the market. The facts alleged by Mr. CRAWSHAY respecting the selling of sheet-iron at ruinously low prices, at which he, a manufacturer himself on the largest scale, was willing to become a purchaser, are neither denied or explained. The remedy suggested by " Verax" really ap • pears too absurd—he suggests " that Mr. CRAW.. SHAY, or any other great iron -master, has only to take the works into his own hands, he will probably find no exorbitant terms demanded, and be troubled with no complaint." What ! would Verax require a private individual to purchase a disputed title, to sacrifice a large sum, in order to save the Bank directors from the losses to which their own foolish and imprudent conduct had exposed them ? If a remedy "so aimple" is not adopted, " Verax" seems to think that no complaints can be made of undue competition or under-sales by the Bank. The public in general, the Legislature, and the Ministry may, however, regard the matter in a very different point of view, and the Bank may find, to their cost, that so grave a departure from the re cognised sphere of their duties cannot be sanctioned or tolerated. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have recei►ed the Paris papers of Saturday and of yesterday. The Moniteur of yesterday contains the following telegraphic dispatch:— " Gaeta, Dec. 7. " M. de Corcelles has been presented to tho Pope by M. d'Harcourt. His Holiness appeared much affected by the generous resolution of the French Government. He desires to visit France, and he announces his formal intention to proceed there as soon as circumstances will permit. " Marseilles, Dec. 9, 10 o'clock." Up to the hour of the departure of the post yes terday evening Paris was perfectly tranquil. The election was proceeding with the greatest calmness and order, a result owing entirly to the prudent measures adopted by the Government for the main tenance of the public peace. In the course of Satur day the Government issued the following procla mation : " FRENCH REPUBLIC. LIBEIXTY, EQUALIT,Y, FRATERNITY. T. " Citizens!—To-morrow each of us will be called on to join in the most solemn act of the popular sovereignty. A great nation confiding in its rights, confiding in its strength, confiding in its enlightenment, is about to choose the man on whom it will, for a time, impose the care, the charge of watching, with the National Assem bly, over its security, its interests, and its honour. " Since six months, the Government of the Republic, faithful to its convictions, as well as to its duties, has wished that an entire and absolute liberty, such as the law itself has taken care to proclaim, should be left to the examination, the discussion, and the political struggle which was to precede the ultimate election. That liberty so ready to degenerate into licence, the Government has respected, but if it has understood its duties, and even those of them which are the most diffi cult, it has acquired the right to speak to you of yours. " Citizens ! If to-morrow you show yourselves calm, reflecting, resolute, you will have given to your act a solid an respectable basis. Your enemies, those of society, would wish, perhaps, to work upon your agita tions and your struggles. They will stop before the imposing act which you are to accomplish. You have been told, as, indeed, we have told you ourselves, that foolish people spoke of judging of your choice for the purpose of bargaining afterwards as to the extent of their obedience. Be assured that the Government knows its duties, and that it has never been more ener getically determined to fulfil them. " The good citizens are those who, after having freely and conscientiously given their votes, know that they will have afterwards to bow with respect before the choice of the nation, whatever the name be which it will have pronounced. " As to those who may have nourished other projects, who have made preparations for shameful enterprizes ; as regards those, if they exist to-day, as a Government, to-morrow as simple citizens, we can only look upon them as public enemies, whom the law would not and could not shield. "Citizens ! Let us prove to the world that wo are worthy of exercising a right which cannot be denied to us, but which some persons may, perhaps, be glad to Lee us prostituting to disorder. Let us not forget that to morrow our attitude may constitute or compromise the Republic. (Signed) "The President of th© Council, " The General E. CATAIGNAC. (Signed) " The Minister of the Interior, " DUFAIIRE." During the sitting of the Assembly on Friday, The Minister of the Interior presented a Bill to regu late the manner in which the votes given in the election for the President of the Republic should be examined, and the result proclaimed in the National Assembly. He had to propose that it be referred forthwith to the bureaux d'urgence, and a Committee appointed to exa mine it. The following were the articles of the Bill:-- " Article 1. The returns of the election of the Presi dent of the Republic sent from the departments to the President of the National Assembly, conformably to Art. 47 of the Constitution and to the decree of Oct. 28 last, shall be transmitted without delay, under the seal of the Prefecture to the special committee charged to examine them. " Art. 2. The committee, before breaking 'the seal, shall verify its authenticity; it shall proceed, without quitting; the place, to the examination of all the returns, and shall state the result. " Art. 3. As soon as the examination shall have been completed, the committee shall make its report to the National Assembly, which shall decide on it in the same sitting. " Art 4. If one of the candidates has obtained more than half the votes given, and at least two millions of votes; if the conditions required by Art. 44 of the Con stitution have been fulfilled, the National Assembly pro claims him President of the Republic. He is immediately called on to take, at the tribune, the oath prescribed by Art. 48 of the onstitution. " Art. 6. The President of the National Assembly, in the name of that body, shall formally acknowledge the oath to have been taken, and the President of the Re public shall enter immediately on his functions. " Art. 6. In the event of neither of the candidates having fulfilled the required conditions, the National Assembly shall draw out a list of the candidates who have obtained the greatest number of votes, and shall proceed immediately to the election. After the exami nation of the ballot, the President of the Assembly shall make known the result, and proclaim the President of the Republic. The formalities set forth in the preceding articles shall be then gone through." This Bill was ordered to be examined without de lay, and as soon as possible placed on the order of the day. The result of the election cannot be known until the 23d or 24th instant. The polling closes this evening, and the numbers polled in Paris alone, can not be ascertained until Thursday evening. There were some disturbances in the Place Maubert on Sa turday evening, but they were soon suppressed by the Mobile Guard. General CAYAIGNAc has adopted every precaution for the preservation of the public peace ; and although General CHANGARNIER supports LOUIS NAPOLEON, yet CAVAIGNAC has not only suffered him to retain the command of the Na tional Guard, but has placed at his disposal a regi ment of infantry and three battalions of the Garde Mobiles,andhas investedhimwith independent control. The following explanations with regard to the pre sent state of Paris were given by M. DUFAUILE in the sitting of the Assembly of Saturday, in answer to certain interpellations addressed to hina on the subject by M. JOLY Dufaure, the Minister of the Interior—l am in terrogated on three points:-Ist. We have excited alarm by a meeting which has been held at the Hotel of the Interior. 2d. We have tolerated assemblages in the Place Vendome ; and 3d. We have an intention to put down all the clubs. As to the first point, I considered it my right to concert with such persons as I think fit, and I have no explanation to give to any one on the point.—(Hear, hear.) The Hon. Gentleman has as serted that I announced an insurrection, and declared who were to be the authors of it. I certainly should not reply did I not fear that silence on my part might excite disquietude in the public mind.—(Hear, hear.) It is quite inexact to say that I announced an insur rection—it is equally inexact to say that I mentioned the day for its breaking out. I repeat, that I would not give these explanations were I not actuated by the mo tive which I have just stated. As to the crowds spoken been tumultuous more assembla ges. seve re? of, were I t o a pply any thi ng to preven t th em, as y ou see m to recommend, it wo u ld b e not hi ng more th an th e l a w on p Yo , u be a c s a k us m e nwh untily y l e s h t a e v r e not . Irely day no disturbance whatever tlok p lace. Crie s of " bas Cavaigna c !" y ou say have been heard; that certainly not a reason for us to apply the law which I have just mentioned.—(Hear,hear.) You ask me what I intend to do with the 1 e ectora meetings, or, in other words, with the clubs held without the ordinary sur veillance? I likely reply the m omen t th a t th e y a pp ear t o us to compromise public tranquillity, we shall present a sew Bill on the subject. Full justice, I must declare, has not been done to the Government for its efforts, during th e last five months, to tranquil lity, and owing to that circumstance is • preserve it that confidence in us exists neither at home noroabroadße c abroad—we are consi dered as mer e ly a t emporar y during the three wee k s that will wbeer.occu pie epain that tainiug the result of the e l ec ti on w hi ch is about assert t to otak take place, the Government will adopt every necessary mea sure to ensure tranquillity-(Hear,hear)-bat also, never will the Goverament more require the countenance and support of the Assembly. Consider the responsibility of the Government during the period. It is immense. But whatever may be the result of the election, the men who are now in power will consider it an honour to ac cept what it decides.-(Hear, hear.) The law of the land is the constitution which we have voted, and he is a bad citizen who thinks otherwise.-(Hear, hear.) To maintain public security and peace is our object, and to attain that end we shall demand from the Assembly all the means that we may deem necessary.-(Hear.) The mails were delayed for six hours on Thursday night in order to carry into the provinces the result of the debate on the question of national recompenses. The reactionary calumniators who had so managed to speak against time as to secure, under ordinary cir cumstances, the circulation throughout France for twenty-four hours of the false accusation without one word of the defence (the Ministers had no opportu nity of speaking until after post hour on Thursday), were outrageous at the ill success of the manoeuvre. The Assembly, however, approved of the conduct of M. TROUVE CHAUVAL, who took upon himself the re sponsibility of delaying the mails, and for the reasons which he assigned. " I took upon myself," said M. ntouvz CHAUVAL, " to retard the mails in order that the poison and the antidote might arrive in the de partment at the same time.-(Cheers.) As such publication was declared by the Assembly to be a moral assassination, I conceived that this was a case where the usual rules of the service might be justly departed from-(Hear, hear)-and I acted accor dingly." At the sitting of the Assembly on Saturday the President announced the following as the result of the ballot for the thirty members to form the Provi sional Council of State, the number of voters was 553 :-MM. F. Arago obtained 433 votes, Lacrosse 415, Lamartine 407, Beadeau 389, Dupont (de Mare) 336, Senard 335, Goudchaux 330, Billault 316, Mar tin (de Strasbourg) 301, Tocqueville 297, Havin 280, Parrieu 280, Ritmusat 272, Jules Simon 272, Stourm 271, Grevy 264, Baudet 259, Chambolle 256, Cormenin 247, Buchez 246, Lichtenberger 237, Car not 236, Boulatignier 234, Armand Marrast 287, Landrin 225, F. Listeyrie 223, Falloux 217, Vaula belle 214, Baroche 212, Bixio 197. These represen tatives are hereby declared to be duly elected. The members who received the greatest number of votes after these gentlemen are-MM. Bauchard 196, M. 0. Barrot 186, Corbon 176, Berryer 167, Bon• ' jeau 164, Parisi' 165, &c. I The Assembly then determined that they would proceed to the discussion vote of the following organic 1 laws :- 1. Law on the responsibility of the persons inves ted with public authority. 2. Oa the Council of State. 3. The electoral law. 4. Law regarding departmental and communal or ganisation. 5. The judicial organisation. 6. Law regarding education. 7. Law regarding the organisation of the public force, Guard National, army, Ike. 8. Law regarding the press. 9. Law on the stage of siege. As each of these laws•must be separately drawn up, considered in committee, reported on and debated, there will probably be a lapse of some months before the discussions can be concluded. The Assembly has decided that it will adjourn the discussion of the bill on the responsibility of the President until after his election. The expedition intended for Civita Vecchia, re turned to Marseilles on the 6th, and it was said that .........._ _.____ the troops would be disembarked immediately. The special commission appointed by the Minister of War to lay down the bases of a definite organisa tion of the Republican Guard has completed its )abours. The Republican Guard is assimilated to the gendarmery. The effective force is fixed at three battalions of infantry, each of 600 men, and three squadrons of cavalry, each of 100 men ; so that, in cluding the officers, the whole body will amount to 2,130. M. THORN, against whom law proceedings were commenced, has just arrived in Paris from London. The Court to which the case was sent for examination has decided that there was not sufficient cause for prosecution. The 21/O-niteur announces that Admiral BRUAT as sumed the government of the island of Martinique on the 4th of November, and at the same time published a proclamation assuring liberty to all and respect for property, and recommending order and obedience to the laws. The Monde2lr gives the following as a telegraphic dispatch, dated sth, from the French Minister at Madrid to the Minister of Foreign Affairs :—" None of the passengers of the Montanera will suffer the least punishment on account of what passed on board that schooner." It may be remembered that this was the vessel alluded to some short time back by M. JOLY in the National Assembly, and relative to which General CAVAIGNAC declared that the French Minister at Madrid should be directed to interfere. The Bien Public has the following on the affairs of Austria and Prussia : " The King has just pronounced the dissolution of the Parliament, and has granted a charter, a code, a con stitution, drawn up in council, in the midst of that Brandenburg Ministry which is accused before file na tion by the majority of the Parliament. We believe that this must be called reaction. The King of Prussia, surprised by the revolution of March, considered himself conquered ; he made, however, a mental reservation; he had not given up his sword, but bad placed it in the sca bbard, patiently awaiting the hour of difficulties and of new struggles. He thought the thread of the revo lution would become entangled, and he reserved to him self to cut the Gordian knot. This he has done. In the first phase we saw the Crown attack the Parliament by the nomination of the Brandenburg Cabinet, and the removal of the Assembly to a provincial town.; We have just seen in that same town the second phase—the Parliament carrying there its prudent opposition and passive resistance. The third phase has commenced —we are in full coup-d'etat—dissolution by the So vereign authority —a charter granted according to his good pleasure. Let us now pass to the events of Austria. The Emperor Ferdinand 1., feeble in body and mind, weighed down in his purple, and feeling his weak head bend under the Imperial Crown, brilliant on the out side, but full of thorns within—Ferdinand 1., 'has just abdicated the thrones of Austria, Bohemia, and Hungary, in favour of a young man of eighteen. When it may be feared that the hand of a great statesman would be powerless to restrain the populations escaped from the laws which restrained them; in presence of the even tualities of the future, of the effervescence of Germany, of Europe, agitated in the midst of the old systems which nre falling—it is a Prince of eighteen who takes the sceptre, the crown, and the sword! God save the empire! We must say, however, that this abdication has a character of conciliation, of which we willingly approve. To set aside Prince Francis Charles, who only represents old ideas, and the worn-out system of Prince de Metternich—to choose a Prince who is engaged by no precedent—is, at least, to indicate that it is desired to break with the conditions of a past, allowed to be con trary to the spirit of our times, and in this respect the blank left between Ferdinand and Francis Joseph is even significative. The present of Austria is consequently less dark, but are the perils of the future sot aside? And will not this accession of the new Emperor clash with the other accession—that of democracy? The Univers publishes the following letter, ad dressed by Prince Louts NAPOLEON BONAPARTE to the Apostolic Nuncio :- 1 " Monseigneur—l cannot allow you for a moment to give credit to the rumours which tend to render me an accomplice of the conduct practised at Rome by the Prince de Canino. For a long time past I have had no kind of connexion with the eldest son of Lucien Bona parte, and I deplore with all my soul that he has not telt that the m aintenance of the temporal sovereignty of the Venerable Head of the Church was as intimately connected with the cause of Catholicism as with the liberty and independence of Italy. " Receive, Monseigneur, the assurances of my senti ments of high esteem. " LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE?' As the election in Paris has hitherto proceeded with order and tranquillity, the funds have again risen. Last night the Five per Cents. were 70 centimes higher than the closing price of yesterday. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, DEC. . Orleans and Bordeaux, 1 3 A —Rouen and Havre, 7. MONDAY ETENING-, DECEMBER 11, 1848:' SPAIN. Madrid journals of the 4th have arrived. It is said that a plot has been discovered in Cata lonia, in which the troops are largely implicated, to deliver up several of the troops of that province to CABRERA. CABRERA'S head-quarters an at Vedra. He has 56 officers and 800 soldiers prisoners. MADRID BOLSA, DBc. 4.—The Three per Cents. were done at 20 1.16 cash, and are reported buyers at that price to 20, after the close ; Five per Cents., 9i buyers, sellers ; Coupons, 5! sellers ; Passive Debt, 31 buyers, 13-16 sellers ; Bank Shares, 52 buyers, 64 sellers. Discount on Notes, 14. Lx chang eon London, 48 40. DEATH OF RER SERENE HIGHNESS THE DUCHESS OP SALE ALTENBOURG.—WO learn that the reigning Duchess Amelia of Saxe Altenbourg died at the capital of the duchy, on the 28th ult. Her Serene Highness was second daughter of his Royal Highness Louis Duke of Wurtemberg, aid Henrietta Pri ncess of Nassau Weil bourg, and was, therefore, sister of the Queen of Wur temberg, the Archduchess Mary (Frances) of Austria, and the Duchess Elizabeth, married to the Margrave William of Baden. Her Serene Highness was born June 28, 1799, and married the reigning Duke of Saxe Altenbourg April 24, 1817, by whom she leaves a family of four daughters —namely, her Royal Highness the Crown Princess of Hanover, the Duchesses Theresa'and Elizabeth, and Alexandrina, the Grand Duchess Con stantine of Russia. The last accounts from Germany announced that the husband of the late Duchess had resigned the sovereignty of the duchy in favour of his only brother, the Duke George Charles Frederick. G E it ild. A N Y AND THE NORTHERN STATES. AUSTRIA Letters frcm Vienna of the 6tl; state that the ab dication of the Emperor FERDINAND had produced an excellent effect in the city. The ex-EMPEROR was, it is stated, displeased at the executions which took place in Vienna. It was considered certain that an amnesty would be granted to the insurgents of October, and an appeal be made to the Hungarians to lay aside their arms. The Cologne Gazette says the EMPEROR intends to separate himself provisionally from all his family, which has produced a very favourable impression ; in fact, immediately after the act of abdication had been signed the whole Imperial family will break up—the ex-EMPEROR and his Consort for Prague ; the Arch duchess SOPHIA and the Archduke FRANCIS JOSEPH for Munich ; the Archduke FERDINAND D'ESTE for Berlin and Dresden, where his Highness went to communicate to those Courts the abdication Of FERDINAND and the succession of FRANCIS JOSEPFI. The Ministers are at present with the EMPEROR. Prince WINDISCHGRATZ has intrusted the command of the army pr•o tem. to General GRUBER, and remains at Vienna, for the purpose of receiving the EMPEROR. Preparations are being made at Vienna to receive the EMPEROR, who is expected to arrive on Thursday. He intends immediately to hold a grand review, on which occasion the troops are to take the oath. It is not expected that he will make a long stay at Vienna at this time, but repair to 011mutz, and there remain until the commence ment of the new year, when he will return to the capital, where it is confidently expected that the Diet will then assemble. The new EMPEROR has confirmed the Ban JEL• LACHICEi in all his offices. With regard to Hungary the greatest uncertainty prevails. Some of the public journals take a favour able view of the question, and expect that the recent offers which have been made by Hungary will be accepted, while others as confidently assert that the new EMPEROR will open the campaign at once. Prince WINDISCHGRATZ has drawn up a list of all the officers who still hold out against the repeated invitations made to them, and have not quitted the rebel Hun garian ranks, and re•entered the Austrian army. This list is to be placed in the hands of the soldiers, who are empowered to arrest and hand over to court martial any officer named in that list, wheresoever they may meet him. Klausenburg has surrendered to the Imperial troops. The Wiener Zeitung says that the city of Arad, a very strong place on the Maros, near the Hunga rian frontier, on the Transylvanian side, and contain ing a population of about 15,000 souls, was born • barded on the 10th and 11th, for the fifth time. There was not a house left standing uninjured. The Wiener Zeitung omits to say whether the bombardment was made by the Imperial troops or the Magyars. The large fortress of Lippa, on the Maros, in Toronta, was taken from the Magyars on the 11th, by the Wallachians, after an obstinate resistance. _ _ A letter from Presburgh states that the Hungarian troops suddenly quitted that city on the morning of the 30th ult., without waiting to be attacked, taking with them 150 pieces of cannon and the muskets of the National Guard, whom they had disarmed. It was said that the Hungarian army had occupied an advantageous position near Wieselburgh, Arad, and Comorn. It was further reported that M. MESSAROS, the Hungarian Minister of War, had fled. Prince IVINDISCHGRATZ publishes the following documents in the Wiener Zeitung : " My dear Field-Marshal Prince Windischgratz, " All my.actions have ever been swayed by my love for the people confided to my Government, and thus it shall remain till my death. I feel that I must make a great sacrifice to the public welfare, and I do it from a calm and sincere conviction, and unswayed by any in fluence whatever. I transmit to my nephew and suc cessor my boundless love and gratitude to my army, of which I shall never forget the bravery. In order to honour that bravery in the person of their noble Ge.• ueral, and in order to give to you, my dear Prince, a token of my deep sense of the service you did to the state and the dynasty, I send you the Grand Cross of the Order of St. Stephen. " FERDINA.ND. " 011MUtZ, Nov. 30." "My dear Prince Windischgratz, " My army has at all times, but especially during the late troubles, justified the confideace placed in it. No thing else could be expected since you were their Gene ral. You bore in your silent heart that deep grief for which I cannot offer you any compensation, and you op posed your loyalty and hoaour to rebellion, and then you hastened to Vienna and quelled the insurrection by your courage and prudence. " I consider it my first duty to give you a full recog nition of your merits and virtues, which to me are a guarantee for your standing by me in future as a firm pillar of the throne in the constitution. My dear Prince, you will assure the troops under your command of the proofs of their faith and gallantry being indelibly engraved on my heart. " 011mutz, Dec. 2. " FRANCIS JOSEPH." ' The following address, signed by a great number of the most respectable citizens of Vienna, was presented to the Ministry on the Ist inst.:-- "The undersigned, inhabitants of Vienna, cannot but inform the Cabinet of the heartfelt sympathies and the cordial assent which the opening speech of the Presi dent of the Cabinet, and the principles on domestic and foreign policy laid down in the same, have created in their hearts. They consider this Ministerial pro gramme as a faithful and full expression of patriotism; they consider it as the standard which leads Austria on to prosperity and glory ; they greet it as the first dawn of a brighter future, as the early promise of a full bloom of those young seeds of liberty which Aus tria's Sovereign scattered over the blooming fields of his vast countries. " Let the Ministry, relying on the general confidence, strengthened and borne by the consciousness of the as sent of well disposed persons, persevere in striving for wards to the goal they aim at; may they overcome all difficulties that are in their way; may the voice of con fidence, which we are the first to raise, echo from all the counties of Austria—may it shield them in the fight — may it wreath their brows after the victory. " Vienna, Nov. 30, 1848." PRUSSIA. The Preussische taats Anzeiger, of the 7th inst., has added an important provision to one of the clauses of the Constitution. It is stated in that special law that every Prussian, thirty years of age, and in full possession of his civic rights, is entitled to vote for the members of the First Chamber , provided he pays at least eight thalers yearly in taxes, or has landed property to the amount, at least, of 5,000 thalers, or a clear income of 500 thalers. Thus it appears that the KING IS already violating his own charter. In the charter he octroyed uni versal suffrage ; in this provision he is modifying it. This., fact alone shows the necessity of having the charter concorded and not octroyed. Princes are no more to be trusted in the year of grace 1848 than they were in the days of the Psalmist. As the Constitution at present stands, the following is the number of Deputies to be elected for the Upper and Lower Chambers in the several districts : Lower Chamber. Upper Chamber. Konigsberg ... Guns binnen ... Dantsic ... ... Marienwerder ... Posen . . Bromberg ••• The City of Berlin Potsdam ... ... Frankfort .•• Stettin ... ••• Koslin ... ••• Stralsund ••• Breslau ... ..• Oppeln ..• ••• Leignitz ... ..• Magdeburg ••• Meresburg ••• Erfurt ... ..• Munster ... ... Minden ••• ••• Arnsberg ... ... Cologne ... ... Dusseldorf ••• Coblentz ... ... Troves ..• ~. Aix•la-Chapelle ... Total ... 350 ... 180 FRANKFORT. In the Parliament on the 7th instant Herr WESEN- Dorm brought forward the following important mo tion :—" That the National Assembly declare that the dissolving of the Prussian Assembly and the granting of a constitution are null and void." The urgency of the motion was admitted, a n d it was re f erre d to a committee, with instructions to bring up a speedy report. In the sittings of the 6th and 7th the following fundamental articles of the Constitution were agreed to : " FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE GERMAN PEOPLE. " The subjoined fundamental rights shall be guaran teed to the German people. They shall serve as a guide for the constitwioni of the individual German States, and the constitution or legislature of an individual Ger man State shall never be able to abolish or limit them. " Art. 1, sec. 1. The German people. consists of the members of the States which form the German empire. " Sec. 2. Every German has the right of citizenship of the German empire. lie may exercise in every Ger man land the rights accruing to him by means of this right. The right of electing into the Imperial Assembly is defined by an imperial law of election. " Sec. 3. Every German has the right of sojourning or dwelling in any part of the imperial territory; the right of acquiring and disposing of landed property of every kind; of pursuing any calling that tends to a live lihood, and of acquirin g th e r i g ht o f l oca l citizenship. The conditions of sojourn and residence are determined by the Imperial Power, in the form of a territorial law; thc.e attaching to the pursuit of trade, profession, or calling, in the form or a corresponding re r; ulation-law for the whole of Germany. " Sec. 4. No German State may make such a differ ence between its own members and other Germans, in respect of civil rights, or the rights of criminal and civil process, as to throw the latter, as foreigners, into the back ground. " Sec. 5. The penalty of loss of citizenship shall not exist; and in cases where it has already been declared, its effects- shall cease, provided acquired private rights are not impaired by its annulment. " Sec. 6. Liberty of emigration is not restricted by the State. Emigration fines (gabella emigrationis) may not be levied. The matter of emigration is under the protection, as it is the care of the Empire. " Art. 2, sec. 7. The law makes no difference between the various orders (of the people); all privileges attach ing to particular orders are abolished. The nobility, as an order, is abolished. All Germans are equal in the eye of the law. " All titles, so far as they are not connected with an office, are abolished, and may never again be introduced. —Ayes, 253; noes, 170. " No member of a German State can accept an order from a foreign State.—Ayes, 229; noes, 193. The obli gation to serve in the armed forces is the same for all; the sending a substitute is not allowed." Art. 3, sec. 8. The liberty of the person is inviol able. The arrest of a person, except in the case of his being surprised in the commission of an offence, shall only take place by virtue of a judicial warrant, which must be accompanied by a statement of the reason of the arrest. This warrant must be put into the possession of the arrested party either at the moment of his arresta tion, or at latest, before the expiration of 24 hours. "In the course of the next day, the police authorities must either release the party they have arrested, or deliver him over to the judicial authorities. " On putting in bail, or on depositing an amount of caution-money (either of which is to be determined by the court), the accused party shall be released from arrest, provided no cogent evidences of a heinous penal offence are forthcoming against him. "In the case of an imprisonment, either illegally im posed or illegally prolonged, the offending party, or, if necessary, the State, is bound to afford satisfaction and indemnification to the injured party. " The modifications of these laws that are necessary in respect of military and marine affairs are reserved for particular legislation. " Sec. 9. The penalty of death, except when pre scribed by martial law, or where admitted by naval law in cases of mutiny, as also the punishment of the pil lory, of branding, and of bodily chastisement, are abo lished. "Sec. 10. The dwelling is violable. House. search is only admissible, first, by virtue of a judicial warrant, which must furnish a statement of the reasons of the procedure, and which, tither immediately or before the lapse of twenty-four hours, must be put into the posses sion of the party concerned ; secondly, iu the case of pursuit, undertaken by the legally authorised officers, with a view of surprising a party in the commission of an offence ; thirdly, in those cases and forms in which the law authorises certain officials to prosecute the same by way of exception, even without a judicial warrant. " The house search must, where practicable, take place in presence of the inmates of the house. Sec. 11. The seizure of letters and papers, except in the case of an arrest or house-search, can only be made by virtue of a judicial warrant, which must be furnished with proper reasons for such seizure, and which, either immediately or before the lapse of four-and-twenty hours, must be put into the pessessiou of the party concerned. Sec. 12. The secrecy of letters is guaranteed. The restrictions necessary in criminal prosecutions or in the case of war are to be determined by the Legislature. "Art. 4. Sec. 13. Every German has the right of ex pressing his opinion freely by word of mouth, writing, printing, and pictorial or plastic representation. " The freedom of the press may not be limited, sus pended, or annulled, under any circumstances, or in any way whatsoever, by preventive measures; either by cen sorship, concessions, payment of caution, state-imposts, restrictions imposed on the printing offices, or the book trade, or by postal prohibitions, or any othcrimpediments thrown in the way of free intercourse." [The insertion of the words " by preventive measures" was carried by 338 against 17 ; and the word " sus pended" by 263 against 181.] " On offences committed by the press, which are offi cially prosecuted, verdict shall be returned by jury. A law in relation to the press will be enacted by Imperial authority. " Art. 5. Sec. 14. Every German has full liberty of faith and conscience. "No one is compelled to reveal his religious con- ♦ictions. " No one is bound to attach himself to any religious community." (This last clause way curried by 227 against 198). BAVARIA. On the 4th inst. there was a grand torch-light pro cession at Munich in honour of the late ROBERT BLum—not less than 1,800 persons bearing torches (including 300 students). The greatest order pre vailed. SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. HAMBURGII, DEC. 9.—Several members of the late and present Government of the Duchy have been staving here en route for Frankfort. The company of Pontoneers, which made a show of open resistance to the Danish Government at Rendsburp,r, has been disarmed. The military com mission, by whom this was effected, consisted of Prince WALDEMAR, Major KROHN, Lieutenant- Colonel ZOSTROW, and a few other superior officers, assisted by two battalions. The disarmament of the Pontoneers took place in the arsenal, which was surrounded by a clamorous mob, who demanded that they should he set at liberty. They commenced pelting the soldiers, who were drawn up round the arsenal, with stones, but were driven back at the point of the bayonet, and order restored. The Pontoneers will now he tried by the commission.—Hamburyh Borsenhalle, Dec. 7. HAMBURGH. DEc. B.—lt appears from the official list just published by the Navigation Society that in the month of October 1,736 vessels passed the Sound. Of these 882 were from the North Sea, and 854 from the East Sea. RUSSIA AND POLAND. WARSAW, DEC. I.—The Administrative Govern ment of Poland has issued an edict, that from this date the exportation of oats is again permitted on pay ment of the usual dues. The Lubian Gazette says—" It is well known that last autumn the city of St. Petersburgh received a new commercial Constitution, which was said to be the work of the Minister of the Home Department. Government has now stated its intention of giving a similar constitution to all the other cities of the em pire, and in these are to be included the East Sea provinces. These cities still retain their ancient dis tinct constitutions, the maintenance of which was solemnly guaranteed to them when they were incor porated in the Russian empire, which guarantees, however, did not prevent CATHERINE from making numerous infringements. By the recent government measures, it is probable that the last remains of Ger manic law (the Lubian, Bremen, and Magdeburg) will entirely disappear from our statute-book." ITALY. The Constitutional Journal of the Two Sicilies, of the 27th ult., announces positively that the POPE has resolved to stay at Gaeta. The Tempo of Naples, however, states that apartments had been prepared for him. He is stated to be in excellent health. The Ambassadors of France, Spain, and Bavaria had ar rived at Naples, where all the corps di plomatique were expected. The official journal announces the arrival in that city of seven Cardinals, among them Mgr. (LAasicuscurni, and says that others were ex pected. The Nazionale of Florence states that the Grand Duke ALEXANDER of RUSSIA, the eldest son of the Emperor had dined with the Porx at Gaeta on the Ist. The Grand Duke afterwards proceeded to Naples, where he is about to marry one of the daughters of the King. Mr. TEMPLE arrived at Naples on the 6th inst. with the ultimatum of England and France, on the Sicilian question This ultimatum which, it is under stood, gives the Crown of Sicily to a son of the King of NAPLES, and establishes a Neapolitan army in the island, will not be accepted by the Sicilians. Meetings have been held in vari ous parts of the island, which have been attended by immense numbers of the inhabitants, in which resolutions have been agreed to pledging the islanders rather to submit to extermination than suffer a Bourbon to reign over them. The Alba has a letter from Rome of the 30th ult., which states that the city was tranquil. The Minister of War was, however, making preparations for de fence. The Tempo of Naples of the 28th ult. states that persons who Chad arrived from Rome brought word that the clubs were in permanent sitting, that a committee of public safety had been elected, and that the arms of France and Bavaria had been burned in the streets. The Assembly, which has hitherto received the greatest support from all classes of the community, is about to dispatch envoys to the different Courts of Europe to explain the circumstances attending the late revolution. Prince BOROHESE has left Rome and joined the POPE at Gaeta. The resignation of the Turin Ministry has been officially announced to the Chambers. The Concordia of Turin, of the 6th instant, states that a second popular demonstration had been made on that day, notwithstanding a heavy fall of snow. The mob, preceded by a tricolour flag, march e d t o the residence of M. GIOBERTI, and by the honours they rendered him they appeared to salute him as the future President of the Republic. Count Lino, who had been applied to by the KING to construct a new Cabinet, had declined the task, and had advised his MAJESTY to send for (TIOBERTI. In the sitting of the Roman Assembly on the Ist inst., MAALIANI, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, had announced to the Chamber of Deputies that the Mi" nisters, in order to maintain their promise to the people, had determined to proclaim an Italian Con stituent Assembly forthwith, inasmuch as they be lieved it was the only mode of safety for the country. He in consequence demanded of the Chamber the au• thority necessary to commence negotiations with the other Italian States, to begin with Tuscany, and subsequently with the other States. M. MAMIANI then presented the following draft of a Bill to the Chamber : Article 1. A Constituent Assembly is convoked for all the Italian States. Its mission will be to frame federal pact which, whilst it respects the existence of isolated states by leaving their form of government end their fundamental laws unchanged, will secure the, liberty, the union, and the absolute independence of Italy, and! will establish the happiness of the nation. Article 2. Each state will send an equal number of repre - sentatives to the Constituent Assembly. Article 3. The representatives of all the states will be elected in the manner to be determined by the Government and by the legislative bodies. Article 4. The mode of rePre" sentation of the countries occupied by foreigners will be determined at a later period by the Governments wh o must adhere to the eonstitution. Article 5. The Con stituent Assembly, before it proceeds to the discussio? and to the compilation of the pact, will make proposa ls to the different states for the adoption of such measures as may be required for the prompt and complete realise" tion of the national independence. The draft of the Bill was then received, and was ordered to be printed and distributed amongst the deputies. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Having seen a paragraph i n Th e S u n of • 16 1 / evening, relating an accident whi c h t oo k pl ace o n w ed; nesday last, in Gray's Inn lane, I beg to say it is 11° c , correctly reported, as the omnibu s was go i ng a t a Ye% moderate pace, on the right side of the road; and I ha' r v ei no hesitation in saying the accident was entirely caul e by the careless and furious driving of th e ma n in , t 'd cart. I beg to inclose my card, and shall fe e l obbg e i t by your inserting this at your earliest convenience, 119 is but just the blame should rest on the proper parties. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, A PASSENGER' 8, Surrey-place, Kennington, Friday, Dec. 8, 1848. [The paragraph was sent to us by a correipondent! ED. Sun.] TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—As one greatly interested in the price of bred' viz , a coffee-house keeper, I beg to call your attenti°„ ° -- to the following facts:—The returns of the price of CO shows the price to be 51s. the imperial quartertha!:; eight bushels to the quarter. Now a bushel of vo e c i, weighs sixty pounds, and when reduced to flour Yie i L l not less than fifty pounds in weight, so that each qua r ,,s, produces 4001 b. of flour, equal to one sack and 1 2 ' f over and above the sack. Thus you will see the 0° " (1 , costs just three halt-pence and a fraction per P Ollll ,l Now the full-priced bakers make about 100 four po u : 1 - 0 loaves from a sack, they not weighing th e ir bread; " s , cheap bakers, when they give weight, make about DO t i s ; four loaves from a sack of flour, they always alloicfor least one and a half pound of water to each losf mixing—thus you will see how it is that bakers charge one penny more for flour than bread. Pit t , Tim plain tact is the best bread does not cost Pit t , than 34d. per loaf, while the cheap bread is nearly, 1 1 per sack cheaper to the baker. Trusting you isr o o good enough to insert this, yo u will con f er a bens A ' lei the trade to which I belong, and also the public, a e the bakers answer the question.—l am, Sir, yours, 1 %, THOMAS. LA. Lower-road, Islington. P.S. The sack of flour weighs 2801 b., the baker self only 311 b. for the quartern of flour. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—(THIS D' °) LONDON, DEC. 11.—Wind S.S.W., light bree o 9 llll6 fine clear mild weather. rd. DEAL, DEC. 9 AND 10.—Wind S.W. to S.S.W. -- ;" r f lle a Amasis, Feyn, Baltimore, for Rotterdam. 10. 0- 9 , No. 3,259, Ist or 2d pendant, and sailed for Londo o ,/ Arrived from the river, Caldew, Snow, Sydney' South Wales; Alexander Hall, Edwards, : Cocitio; 10. Midlothian, Gibson, Sydney, New South .„,‘"7 o e s African, Franklin, Bathurst, Gambia; Flash, ~tv o ; Valparaiso; Enterprize, Trader, Pernambuco; I Thefl Crisp, Reynolds, Trinidad; Rio Grande, Ryan' i t - o ait Orleans. Arrd. from the river, and sailed, Tory' ": it tsi; Sydney, New South Wales; Punjaub, Palmer. Ca lf pert Devonshire, Browse, Cape of Good Hope; 1 -10 P °- Morrice, Columbia River; Cleopatra, M.Eroher, ll „' u is merara; Amity Hall, Ford, Jamaica. Sld. Cs l l 3 l6 l %til Nicholson, Sydney, New South Wales; Sophia lu" Poole, Borub - ay; Slater Rebow; and others: It Dunke r BERWICK, DEC. 9.—The Euphemia, from hd Grangemouth, which sank off Isly Island 29th ult. , been got up, and now lies on the Harbour Sands, Or rently much damaged. S Vi r •l; LIVERPOOL, DEC. 9.—Wind S.W.; S ' • i v Arrd. Alexander Robertson, Potter, Buenos AY 4 Mary Allen, Boyd, Montreal; Sir R. Jackson, R v d , ditto. 10. Meg of Maldon, Rickerby, Calcutta; 24` pore, Rickman, ditto; Glencairn, Buenos Ayres; Charles Napier, Tease, New York; Columbiana, P I , ;( 0 New York and New Orleans; Fists, M•Donald,ll ol ,4 Astoria, Quebec. Sid. 9. Flora, M'Donald, Boravio, William Russell, Pernambuco; Seraphina, ditto; 1 3 ° $ • r el ditto; Mahtorca, Brazils; Elise, La Guayra ; D 31 1 14/ Tampico; Jane 11. Glidden, New Orleans, Super biie; Lancashire, Savannah; Lady of the Lake', 0 0 ) Waringford, Calcutta; Shinandoab, Philadelphia; New York; Cambria, ditto; Cambridge, ditto; voti Grimshaw, ditto; Marmion, ditto. 10. Mary I , ° l Buenos Ayres; Elizabeth, ditto; Mary Bebby , JiTtf, rara; Conchita, Havannah; Dolores, ditto; Basl,/ nidad; Margaret, Jamaica; Alice Wilson, New ° I. John Garrow, ditto; Elizabeth, ditto; Greenock. ii bile; Dela, ditto; Coromandel, ditto; Mary C 3r Aid ditto; Sarah and Arsilia, Savannah; Evergreenr,,V Albion, Charleston; Princess Alice, ditto; Roe, delphia; Ralamazoo, ditto; America, New York;gf stitution, ditto; Sir Harry Smith, ditto; .13 6 Y,, 4 1 1 Boston. The Sirius, for Valparaiso, was' run into utioi Lloyne last night, and lost bowsprit head and cut vi P i e MILFORD, DEC. B.—The Dispatch, Aughtrese lj ' r e, Prince Edward's Island to Bideford, drove on the,,, near Linny Head, 3 esterday, and became a total v,,•fi crew, except one man, drowned; a small portiorldvoti terials saved, and about 500 deals in a damag Olbyrian Mackay,from Richibacto to Liverpool, y Purt-y Pwill ' ini Carnarvon Bay, this morning' s fl ceivtd considerable damage_ and must dis c harge. SOUTH RONALDSHAY, DEC. 4.—The American to John Carver, of Scarb o ro ug h, was d r i ven on °'•4 the east side of Windmill B a y, y ester d ay, duria from ‘V.N.W., but was gu t o ff a f terwar d s, making p of water, and with neck of rudder broken. ~pool l BEDC AR, DEC. 9.—The Don Colin e , Ilarvvr o r, Guernsey, has been assisted back to the forme rr e/V is supposed with considerable damage, having v o ily shore on the rocks near this place this morning , $ charging part of cargo. A barque, water-logged, with masts standia4 aloft, jibtoom gone by the cap, had a high poOP head, and painted ports, no one seen on bob passed 17th ult., in lat. 46 N., long. 38 W. SPORTING INTELLIGEL , - f l 4 A-" BETTING AT MANCHESTER—FRIG 0 6 v WOLVERHAMPTON STEEPLE CHASE. —2O t, ° 10 0, 4 Jerry (taken)-90 to 15 agst Prince George ( t ' , lo 80 to 10 agst Richard the First (taken)-80 10 V Victim (taken)-6 to 1 offered agst Profligate. CHESTER CUP.-500 to 71 agst Eagle's PIO 4 100 to 3 agst Sir Tatton Sykes (t). 1 :10 DERBY.-500 to 100 on the field-300 to Escalade (t)-200 to 5 agst The Knout (o' l ' 15 agst Magician (offers to take). THE NEWMARKET CHAMPION CCU Chippenham All-aged Stakes.—Third Ties. Amina beat Bramble—Roulette beat Magici ii "' The Puppy Stakes.—Third Ties. " Turquoise beat Approbation—Locomot ic Wicked Eye. A o' The Exning Stakes for Puppies.—Secon- Fairtoes beat Glentilt—Drift beat Agnes. 1 00 , The Bottieham All Aged Stakes.—First w Mr. Loder's Czar beat Mr. Dobede's DaFil4 a tl , Mr. Tyson's Fancy Boy beat Mr. Millers The Chippenbam Stakes for Puppies.—Fir s ; o Mr. W. Etwall's Old Harry beat Mr. Mill ar mony. P °ll Sir C. George Gore's Q ueen M a b b ea t , -- f " Dacia. SATURDAY.—Ezning Field. All-aged Stakes.—Deciding Coursitore" Mr. 0. Edwards' Amina beat Mr. W. B. Roulette, and won the stakes. The Puppy Stakes.—Deciding Conr s r r t i e ‘ Mr. Leader's Locomotive beat Mr. R. Bagge' s and won the stakes. f l o or se ,if The Exning Puppy Stakes.—Deciding Mr. Bowles's Fairtoes beat Mr. D o b e d e 's Dri"' tt the stakes. Star' The Bottisham All-aged Stakes.—Deciding, Mr. Loder's Czar beat Mr. Fyson's Fancy 13 Q" the stakes. g Pt The Chippenham Stakes f o r P u ppi es .—Decid' l l,lo Sir St. George Gore's Queen Mab beat Mr. E" Harry, and won the stakes. DEATH OF LADY W. MONTAGT.J.---1 -s t , 0 1 1, lady died at Torquay, Devon, on Tuesday ; 1 5 1 5 ,5 r ,y, lengthened illness. She was third daughter 0 1 ,, iti f . 1 1 :1 Dupre, and married first in April, 1830, Loru'„f tagu, brother of the present and second sen Duke of Manchester, who died in March, 18 4 'o4t Ladyship married secondly i n December, 1 4 ,/ Tonson Evanson. A DEATH OF THE DOWAGER LADY ,-.6-- Asti b- r / , We have to announce the death of Lady f 1 widow of the late Lord, who expired, on I .. s ti m e t s .t at her residence at Stokes Bay, near G°'r-ille el 70th year of her age. Her _Ladyship wa s in bit ll, f, daughter of Mr. Willi am Bingham of Philade,f3, married the late Lord Ashburton Augusts- atitlop, whom she has survived only seven mont h ' bhe r lP whom her Ladyship was mother 00,1 o • n es the Ilan. Francis Baring, M.P., the Marchroo dog the Hon. and Rev. Frederick Baring, and tvv 9 0' unmarried. f the, Lori The marriape of Miss Duff; daughter,omr. pc t.? 0 of Lord f General Sir Alexander and Lady Duff; al u L , 130 4 0 1 ' Brooke, eldest sou of Sir Richard 1311 .7 A: to-p c ;p‘' Norton Priory. Cheshire, is to be solemn]; the 11° 0 ° ' The lion. W. Cowper, M.P., o ne ° 'de rel o oll the Admiralty, with his newlymarried the h° to town on Saturday, from spending the ranshunger, Herts.