The Sun. — London, England, 1866-04-17 00:00:00

---- THEATRE ROYAL,HAYMARKET.- Sole Lessee and Manager, 3lr. Buckston e. THIS EVENING, A ROMANTIC ATTACHMENT : Mr. Compton, Mr. W. Farrell ; Miss Ada Cavendish. After which, THE FAVOURITE OF FOR : Mesmes srs. Sol helm, Bucks tone, Chippendale, Rogers,Mesda Chippendale, Saville, Moore, Fitzwilliam, MU, Lindley, &c. Coucludinz w ith A DAUGHTE R TO MA : Mr. W. Farre n and Miss Helen Howari. Commence at Seven. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.- Under the sole Management of Mr. Fechter. The Last Four Night's appearance of Mr. Fechter as Edgar Ravenswood. THIS EVENING, SIMPSON AND CO. Mewl. S. Emery, C. Borsma.n; Mesdames Elsworthy, Henrade, Hors inan, and E- Boyce. Alter valich. THE MASTER OF RAVENSWOOD. r..iFtr ; Messrs. Jordan, Emery, Widdicomh, Vezin, J. H Fitzpatrick, D. Evans ; Alesdames Ternan, E,sworthy, Lavenu, and C. Leclercq. Box Office open daily from Eleven till Five. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL ADELPIII, Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING. ICI ON ?ABLE FRANCAIS. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Billington, Phil ips ; Mesdames Kate Kelly, ; eaman, and Godsall. After which, 2nd time. a new Opera Bonn, entitled CRYING JENNY AND LAUGHING JOHNNY. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Eburne, Mibs Furtado, Mrs. A. Mellon. To conclude with THE WRECK ASHORE : Messrs J. L. Toole, P. Bedford. Stuart, Billiogtor, Ashley ; Miss Woolgar and hliss 11. S tnuLsi ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. tIIS EVENING, A GHOST IN SPITE OF HIMSELF. After which, at a quarter to Eight, THE STREETS OF LON DON. Messrs. Vining. T. Mead, D. Murray, Shore, Villiers: Mrs. H. Mallon, Miss E. Barnett, and Misa K. Rodgers. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress, Airs. Swanboroug,h. THIS EVENING, at Seven o'clock, PERF'E TION. After which will be produced a grand Easter Burlesque, PARIS ; or, Vive Lempiere 3les=rs. Stoyle, lhorne,James : Mesdames A. Svranborougb, Raynham, Simpson. Johnstone, Ranoe, and Holt. To conclude with DEAF AS A POST : Mr. Belford. IDLER'S WELL S THEATRE.- Under the Sole Management of Mr. W. H. C. Nation. ii is EVENING, F. C. Burnand's pathetic drama, THE DEAL BOAT3IA/s. Mr. Be.more and Miss F. Gwynne, Followed by Douglas Jerrold's nautical Drama, BLACK EYED SUSAN. Messrs. T. Swinbourne, Barrett, Belmore, Lizzie Willi:are, titßlSpetri, faifilruwynde; J 'Tracey, and G. Belmore. Commence at Seven. Acting Manager, Mr. NYE CHART. MOSES AND SON'S LONDON HOUSES, • _ _ 154, 155, 156, 157, Minories ; 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88. 89, Aldgate 506, 507. 508, New Oxford--street; 1,2, 3, Hart-street; 137, 138, Tottenham-court-road ; 288, Euston-road. Country Branch—Bradford. Yorkshire. MOSES AND S 0 N E• respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest fabrics are combined with the latest and most fashionable designs, and the best workmanship. E. 310SNS and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices ire such as must satisfy the most economical. Tnis tu depa und rt ment is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be a gre Lt convenience for ladies and children. rriTIE " SANDRLNGHAM " and " DANISH " - 1 - WRAPPER S troo aced op them) are the newest and most ashion‘b!e styles of Overcoats for the season. ------ EADY-MADE and a CLOTHING for all classes ll ages. BESPOKE CLOTHING for all classes and all ages. - tS ICIF ORMS for the ARMY, XIVY, and VOLUNTEER SERVICE. • LADIES' RIDING HABITS. LIVERIES. T HE celebrated ‘4 l I ND 3 IFENSABLE" SUIT, HOSIERY and DRAPERY for all classes and all ages. H ATS and CAPS for all classes and all ages. B OOTS and SHOES for all classes and all ages. OUTFITS for all classes, all ages, and all tl climate?. yiMOSES AND SON'S i• Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until 11 o'clock. All articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article not apprived of will be exchanged, or the money will be returned. List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, "The Philosophy of Dress," vratis and post free. 1 - 4 1 . MOSES AND SON'S K-A• LONDON 110138 ES, 154, 155, 156, 157, 1511nories ; 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, Aldgate ; nt,A cit 7 o - s—• , 1 n LI v. a +wax, . 137, 138, t ottenham-court-road ; 288, Euston-road. Country Branch—Bradford, Yorkshire. T" R. "SUN" NEWSPAPER.- G. GLENIE, Sporting Library, 4, Connaught terrace, Edgware-road, is specially appointed AGEN 4' to deliver the LATE EDITION of " THE SUN " at the earliest possible moment after leaving the press. He is able to deliver copies in Town, the Suburbs, and in many parts of the Country at a comparatively early hour the same evening, gay 40 miles by 9 o'clock. THE "SUN" NEWSPAPER.- G. R. GLENIE delivers the LATE EDITION at Chelsea, 7.40; Kilburn, 8; Starch-green, 8; Woolwich, 7.30; Uxbridge, 9.20; Watford, 8.45. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN" supplied, as soon as published every Eve n i n g , b y ALEXANDER (late BROOKS), Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish-street, Oxford-street. THE LAST EDITION of " TIIE SUN " supplied as soon as Published. containing all the LA ['EST NEWS and sl,cavriNer INTELLIGENCE, by IL W. IcIAIt,RIS, Nei spaper Agent, 4, Blackdriars-road. London, S. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN." J. HOLMES begs to inform his friends, and the public generally,. that ashesosounppaisieps published—No. sh i eci r ro T l6 E fia " M i p u si l eag road, N.W. QPORTING.—JOHN ROBERTS supplies the KT" LATEST EDITION of "THE SUN" as soon as pub- Bath-strtet, City-road, E.C. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tins DAY.—Morning, 3h. 16m.—Afternoon, 3h. 38m. T3-Moßßow.-Morning, 4li. Om.—Afternoon, 4h. 23m. - eir4CaPisi - 1 'F‘ LONDON, TUESDAY, APRIL 17, 1866. The resumption of the debate on the Reform ques tion, though it brought forward a good many able speeches on both sides, did not introduce to us any very new views of the subject. In fact the whole question has been so repeatedly discussed, analysed, and examined, argued and counter argued, that little that is fresh can be said about it. The points at issue are in fact narrowed to two questions. Whether any reform in the representation of the 'People shall be effected at all, and whether the present Government shall retain office. The answers to th ese two queries are the sec ret movin g springs that away a large proportion of the spea kers on both sid es, - and in the final contest the struggle will be between them, many members o f without doubt there a re the Rouse who, from either pri vate or public reasons,, object to any extension of the franchise whateve r , and it is not a little singular when we look at the opinions repeatedly expressed in the course of this debate to r emember the terms of the motion which the antagonist s of Reform are supporting. Mr. BAXTER, wh o m ade a very a bl e speech on Friday evening, commented on this sin gular discrepancy. The resolutions moved by th e o pponents of the B ill and th eir speeches sp oke, he said, an entirely different language. M os t of the m spoke against the enfranchisement of the masse s . " Whereas, to judge from their resolutions, th ey wished for a measure of Reform more comprehen sive than that which the Government proposed. Their voice was the voice of JACOB, but their hands were the hands of ESAU." Mr. BAXTER'S opinions on the measure are worth having, because he has seen a good deal of the working of the democratic system, and is entirely opposed to it. No man in that House was, he said, more alive than he was to the great danger of handing over a monopoly of political power to mere uneducated masses ; but he adopted a differens line of argument from that usually followed, and declared that a moderate enfranchisement of the people was the best way to avert the peril, " gradually changes made in time," he argued very sens ibly and justly, " wise concessions gracefully given, did not tend to bring revolution. It was the resistance to all changes, the refusal to grant reasonable popular demands, that tended in the end to endanger the institutions of the country." Referring to the effect produced by the great Reform Bill of 1832, he asserted that the tide of the uneducated masses was then rolled backed for 30 years, and he believed the same thing would happen now. had not the upper classes been wise in time something like universal \ suffrage would have been adopted, and he believed that the result of lowering the franchise at the present day would be precisely the same as it had been then. In the House last evening the arguments in favour of the measure were strongly urged by Mr. LAYARD. His speech corroborated, though no doubt acciden tally, the statements of Mr. BAXTER as to the effect of the bill of 1832, in rolling back the tide of demo cracy. So far fro becoming more democratic, he declared his conviction that England was becoming more Conservative. The annual motion against the law of primogeniture had fallen into desuetude, the Charter was never heard of, and as member for one of the most democratic constituencies in the kimgdom he ventured to affirm that it did not contain a single Chartist. The willingness of the working classes to refer their difficulties to men of position instead of to their owi immediate associates had been strikingly evidenced during the great Staf fordshire strike, when the men, instead of going to any demagogue for assistance, applied to Lord LICHFIELD, a nobleman well known for his .a.itnougn nig iirtntratthn was not entirely successful they afterwards presented the Earl with an address thanking him for what_he had done. This certainly showed that during a time of irritation and discon tent these men entertained no feeling of animosity against the ranks above them simply because they were above them ; but they had the good sense to perceive that a man who by education and po sition was entirely removed from the influences of trade was the most likely to take a fair and impartial view of the situation. Referring to the wholesale charge so recklessly brought against the working men as a class of being open to cor ruption, Mr. LAYARD, with spirit and justice, re turned the charge upon the heads of those who brought it. "You have no right," exclaimed the hon. member with honest indignation, "to throw it in the teeth of working men that they are unfit to exercise the franchise because they are corrupt, while you are their corruptors." This is, in fact, the real secret of the matter ; and if corruption and bribery, if un fair influence and intimidation are to exclude our artizans and mechanics from the right of voting for a Parliamentary election, let us at least be con sistent in our application of the principle, and deci mate our existing House of Commons. The great speech of the evening on the Oppo sition side was, of course, that of Sir HUGH CAIRNS. An able logician, an experienced con stitutional advocate, an eloquent orator, Sir HuGH CAIRNS is always a powerful friend and a formidable foe, but last evening his address was more argumentative than impassioned. He went back to examine the constitutional principle of representation, and spoke at length upon the necessity of preserving the balance of political power. He contended that the bill was a step towards universal suffrage, but the same might be said of any extension of the franchise whatever. He admitted that the working classes were entitled to a fair representation, but he be lieved this measure would give them a predominance which no one desired, and which would not be for their own advantage an' mrlrp +l-- .1' . . 42., ; a general good. A powerful reply to all the argu ments against the measure was brought forward by Mr. 11AGuIRE early in the evening, when he quoted tho words used by Mr. DISRAELI in 1859, when he asked, " Is this question of Reform to be suffered to remain as a desperate source of faction, or only to be taken up at a moment of great popular excite ment, and settled, not by the reason, but by the passions of the people? Are we to establish a chronic irritation in the public mind upon a subject which, of all others, should not form the staple of our party contests." This, as Mr. MAGUIP.E said, was *ntrong opinion, but who can deny its truth or its applicability to the present occasion ? Sir FITZROY KELLY keeps firm to his post as the staunch champion for the repeal of the Malt-tax ; and last night his determination was put to the proof. The Chancellor of the Exchequer asked the hon. and learned member whether he would postpone his motion on the subject, in order that the debate on the Reform Bill might be continued. Sir F. KELLY very forcibly replied that he would do so on condition that Mr. GLADSTONE would give him another day prior to that on Ni hich the Budget was brought forward. To this very reasonable request Mr. GLADSTONE replied by one of his ingenious cir cumlocutions, respecting the " convenience of the house," the " exigencies of the public service," &c., but wound up by stating that he would not give a night, because he had already pledged himself to bring forward the Budget on the first Government night after the disposal of the motion for the second reading of the Representation of the People Bill. According to this view of the question,the right hon. gentleman had no right to ask Sir F. KELLY to post pone his motion, because it was virtually sacrificing it to put it off until after the consideration of the Budget. Sir F. KELLY intimated that he should therefore be obliged to bring forward his motion to-day, which announcement was received with cheers. Mr. GLADTSONE, it is true, admitted that there was an extensive desire for the discussion of this subject, but his acts did not correspond with his words. After this unpromising episode it does not seem that we have good ground for hoping that the right hon. gentleman has altered his views on the subject of the Malt Tax, or at all events modified them. It has long been known that Mr. GLADSTONE has had a prejudice against the reduction of the Malt Tax, far more against a repeal. We may fairly say, how ever , t h at the period has arrived when he must concede some thing in this respect. It is all very well to talk about indirect taxation, but the commerce and interest of the di fferent classes of the communit y s hould weigh more with statesmen than the accomplishment of favourite schemes , and the maintenance of particular sc hemes. The recent calamity of the Cattle Plagu e has also greatly changed the aspect of things, and calls imperatively for some change in this direction. Half of this tax Should be remitted at any rate, and unless this be done the Opposition will have a right to say that Mr. GLADSTONE'S fin anc i a l re f orms are very elastic, and can be turned to suit any purpose. Justice and reason certainly call for this reduction, and we hope that the Go vernment will be prepared to do their duty in thi s respect, on this subject t o show the S n u ee ffi es c s i i e t n y t fhoarsthbeeernedsuacid tion of the tax, if its repeal be possible, and Mr. GLADSTONE will find th at he has mistaken the feel ing of the House and th e country if he persist in meaeuring out his financial fichem,-;,, by line and THE SUN, LONDON, FUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 17, 1866. Attempted Assassination of the Czar. ST. PETERSBURG, April 16. An abortive attempt has been made against the life of the Emperor of Russia. At four o'clock this afternoon as the Czar was entering his carriage, after a promenade in the Summer Garden, a pistol shot was fired at him by a stranger, but without taking effect. His Majesty is uninjured. _ _ The perpetrator of this outrage has been arrested and brought before the Tribunal of Police. EASTER SUNDAY AT ROME. The Pope's Benediction Urbi et Orbi. Easter Sunday (says the Roman correspondent of the Morning Herald) was at its first dawning a little threatening as to weather, but the clouds "lifted," as we say north of the Humber, about nine o'clock, and though the sun was never very brilliant the day was a very fine one. I have described the ceremony so often that a variation of detail is almost impossible. The principal feature of St. Peter's was the extraordinary crowd, and the great affluence of occupants of the Royal box ; the entire families of Naples and Saxe-Coburg, the Comte de Flandres, and the Dowager Queen of Saxony, with a most brilliant and numerous suite, completely filling it, nearly double the usual number of sove reigns and princes being present. The Pope entered about ton, and having received the homage of the cardinals and the authorities of the city, sang high mass, Cardinal Antonelli assisting as deacon, and Cardinal Pentim as subdeacon. The annual benediction, Urbi et Orbi, was given by the Pope in the usual form immediately after mass. The Communion was barely over when the crowd began to pour out of the Basilica into the Piazza, and to occupy every corner of the galleries and arcades whence a good view could be enjoyed. The Pope appeared at the window, borne on his throne, sur rounded by the cardinals, a few minutes before 12, and as the chimes which had heralded his ap proach died away his voice, clear and audible to the furthest part of the Piazza, rose in invocation of the blessing of God on the world and on the city. Often as I have heard that magnificent prayerl never heard it spoken more impressively : the Pope seemed to throw his whole heart and soul into the words, and his still stately and unbending figure was drawn up to its full and majestic height, as with arms out stretched in the form of a cross, he rose from his throne and blessed the crowd in the name of the Holy Trinity ; and then, as if moved by a sudden impulse, as the ac'lamations of the vast mult itude rang through the air, rene we d it, ma king the sign of the cross a second time o ver the people. Was he thinking of next Easter-day, an d the events the in terval may bring forth ? Th er e were few present but put this question to themselves, although a far greater feeling of confidence appears to reign in well-informed quarters since the almost certain out break of war in the north of Italy. In such a case a very strong impression ex i s ts that even if the French troops leave, the numb e r, composition, and instructions given to the f ore i gn legion will be such . as to offer an ample guarante e of the intentions of France. The Orchestra informs us that Signor Carlo Patti, the young vocalist, and brother of the diva, has just ar rived in town from Spain, with thq, intention of appear ing at the wining concerts. measure instead of adapting them to meet the wants of the public and the exigencies of the time. Sir F. KELLY has shown a spirit and determination that deserve success in the prosecution of his task, and the Government will find it difficult to withstand his attack. A very significant circumstance came to light yesterday respecting the state of public opinion in Prussia. A very crowded meeting was held on Sunday, at which it was unanimously resolved by those present that war between Austria and Prussia should be denounced as a " national mis fortune," and also asserting that a "Liberal Prus sian Ministry could alone command the general confidence required for Federal Reform." No wonder that this intelligence was not transmitted with much rapidity, for, of course, it was most obnoxious to the powers that be. It is fortunate that this meeting should have taken place, because it shows undeniably how very unpopular will be the war into which the mischievous machinations of Herr BISMARCK are plunging the Prussians. He will find himself and the Government in a very different position now from what they were at the time of the Dano- German war. Then, to the lasting disgrace of the people of Prussia, all was considered fair and right that expedited the conflict, and all attention was directed from the affairs of home interest in order to further the cause of aggression pursued abroad. The Prussians are in general so apathetic and indifferent that it is quite a relief to find their asserting something like spirit at this important juncture. It will now remain for us to learn if more heed is paid to this popular manifestation of opinion, in Berlin than has been gcusolluto g S'einda7 will far to strengthen Austria, and will give the enemies of Prussia the opportunity of saying that with all its parade about Reform in Germany, the Government of Berlin does not rightly represent the feelings and carry out the opinion of its own people. There _is certainly no earthly reason why the two Powers should go to war if it is not that Herr Bismarck has been allowed to overrule influence, and to mono polise all power to himself. The question resolves itself into this : either that statesman must retire or modify his views, or a general war throughout Germany will be the inevitable result of all this turmoil. The difficulty will be to drive so arrogant and assuming a man from his post and yet, unless this be accomplished, we would not give much for any chance Prussia has of extricating herself from her present subservient position with dignity to the Government, or interest to the people, who are so seriously compromised by the turn these recent events have taken. CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, Monday Evening. Here is the comment made to-day by the Consti 'utionnel in reference to its latest news from Ger. many :—" The news from Germany continues to be less alarming than it has been for the last few days. Beyond the Rhine they discuss—that is to say, they are not ready to fight." The 3loniteur does not contain any political or other news of interest to-day. It publishes a very long report from M. Behic, Minister of Agriculture, Commerce, and Public Works, relative to the num- ber of mad people, idiots, and fools in the public and private asylums, from which it appears that it has been on the increase up to 1860, the period up to which the voluminous tables refer. The Journal des Debats contradicts the report of Ministerial changes in the Prussian Cabinet, and says it does not believe the report of the illness of M. de Bismark. The Moniteur contains a Ministerial order ap pointing M. Emile Perrin director of the opera, an arrangement of which I informed you some days agn Tt. Dorhfuls flint the same privilege was awarded 200 years ago to a per son of the same name, the Abbe Perrin. The direc tor has a subvention of 800,000 f. per annum, with the recent addition of 100,000 f. annually from the Emperor's private purse. The competition is about to commence at the Im perial School of the Fine Arts for the Grand prix de Rome. The subject allotted to the ten painters who will compete is Empedocles receiving from the inhabitants of Salimonte divine honours for having disinfected a river. The following story is told of an English lord who went to the sale of fancy articles now in progress at the Ministry of War for the benefit of the poor. The English nobleman first asked the lady at the stall what was the price of a beautiful cigar-case. " Two hundred francs," was the reply. " 'Tis nothing ; I take it," said the lord. " And this jewel-case ?" " Eight hundred francs." " Nothing," again said the lord, handing a note of I,ooof. "Do you wish for anything else ?" said the lady. " Ali !" replied he, " what I wish for is not to be compared with any of these articles, but fix a price." " What do you wish 2" "To kiss your fair hand." The lady blushed, reflected, and replied--" Three thou sand francs." The lord gracefully kissed the prof fered hand, given with some hesitation—but what will not charitable ladies do for the poor ? " I want something else," said the lord—" a lock of your hair." " That will be 6,0001." " That is nothing," again said the lord, on receiving the lock of hair which the lady cut off for him. " Six and three are nine," said the noble lord, and, handing 9,000 f. to the lady, his lordship departed, pleased with his bargains. This narrative may or may not be true. It is related as authentic, and I hap pen to know that at the Anti-Corn-Law League bazaar, held some years ago at Covent Garden Theatre, a gentleman offered £2O to a lady, who is now and was then the wife of a member of Parlia ment holding a high office, to be allowed to kiss her check. The offer was accepted, and the amount agreed upon was paid upon the spot. Gladiateur seems decidedly to be invincible. At the Boulogne Races yesterday the betting was 7 to 1 against the field for Gladiateur, and 10 to 1 agt.inst Gontran. For the Cup, value 10,000 f. and 10,000 f. added, of the 12 horses entered, only four under took the contest against him. The following is the result of this important race : _ Gladiateur, 4 yrs, 1331bs (IL Grimshaw) 1 Le Mandarin (also belonging to Count Lagrange) (Mizen) 2 Gontran, 4 yrs, 1271bs (C. Pratt) 3 Ronce, 4 yrs, 1081bs (Chifney) 4 Gladiateur won the race so easily that really all struggle against him for the future would seem to be quite hopeless. One is reminded of the birds in America, which, according to the American papers, knew that Colonel Crockett's gun was so unerring that when they found themselves within its range they considered themselves shot at once, and gave in. The story of the coon is known to all sportsmen. An unfortu nate, perched on a tree, observed the Colonel with his terrible gun, and, it being too late to fly away, said, " Colonel it's not worth while to fire, I know lam a gone coon, I will come down." This sur render at discretion seems likely to be the watch wordwith all ownersof race horses where Gladiateur makes his appearance. The Prix d'Auteuil of 2,000 f. was won by Scudo ; Gaulois, 2 ; Henriot, 3. The Prix des Cars of 4,000 f., for three-year-olds, was won by Colombo ; Victorieuse, 2 ; noniere, 3. In this race, for a wonder, Count de Lagrange was u nsuccessful. His filly la Germaine occupied but a very backward position. The Ninth Biennial of 500 fr. was won by Count de Lagrange's Flcurette, 1 ; Stilton, 2 ; Etoile- Filante, 3. The Prix de Suresnes of 4,000 fr. was won by Anglo-Saxon, 4 yrs ; Prince Regent, 2 ; Astrolabe, 3. The betting was sto 2 against the winner. The attendance at the raced was very numerous, and among the aristocratic assemblage was the Emperor and the Prince of Denmark. The Em peror, as is always the case when he appears in public, was cheered continually and vociferously. The discussion respecting the Merchant Navy in the Legislative Body was not concluded on Satur day, and it seems probable that it may continue for several days longer. Even the Paris papers seem to be getting sick of it. M. Welles de Lavalette, who has been appointed to the responsible situation of Manager of the Western Railways, is only 32. Tie is the adopted son of the Marquis de la Valette, Minister of the Interior, and son-in-law of M. Rouher, Minister of State. He is a deputy to the department of La Dordogne, and Secretary to the Legislative Body. Some of the alarmist opposition French papers, and one or two of your English contemporaries, have talked of the early assemblage of a vast camp at Chalons, drawing the inference that France was ready, or even desirous, to take part in a struggle between Austria and Prussia, should it take place. I have frequent access. to official sources of infor mation, and I have full reason to believe that the French Government will, if events should render it necessary, take the opportunity of declaring its intention to preserve strict neutrality in regard to two great German t p h o e w d er iff s.eren ces between the We have had another midsummer day. At 11 o'clock this morning, the thermometer of Reaumur in the shade had risen to . the point which indicates the temperature of the Sevres (hot-houses.) We have had uninterrupted sunshine all day. There has not been even an April shower to remind us that it is early spring. LA TEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTE&S TELEGRAMS.) ...v./ a 01.11 1,110 AUSTRIAN NOTE. BERLIN, APRIL 17. The Prussian reply to the Austrian despatch of the 7th inst., which was forwarded to Vienna on Sunday last, refuses to rescind the order issued on the 28th ult. for the mobilisation of Prussian troops. VIENNA, APRIL 17. It is positively stated that the Prussian reply to the Austrian despatch of the rith inst. declines to accede to the request of the Austrian Government for the demobilisation of the Prussian troops. DISTURBANCES AT JASSY. JASSY, APRIL 16 (Eveßing). The rioters have issued a proclamation openly pronouncing for the separation of the Principali ties, and declaring the election of a foreign Prince to be an impossibility. A battery of artillery has been ordered from Bacau to this city as a measure of precaution against any renewal of the disturbances. SPAIN. MADRID, APRIL 16 (Evening). The Minister of Finance is ill. The committee of the Chamber of Deputies upon the bill for the New National Bank have announced that they will not meet until the Minister of Finance is able to be present at their sittings. FRANCE• PARIS, APRIL 17. The election of a Deputy to the Corps Legislatif for the Department du Bas Rhin has resulted in the return of M. de Bussieres, the Government candi date, by 19,600 votes. M. Laboulaye, the Opposi tion candidate, obtained 9,900 votes. BOURSE, April 16, Three o'clock.—The market closed at the following quotations : q per Cents 97 50 Do. end month — 3 per Cents. 67 15 Do. end month 67 05 Credit Mobilier Do. end month 593 75 Bank Shares 3460 Italian Loan 54 75 Do. end month 54 60 Mexican Loan — Do. Bonds — Spanish Threes Awn° Debt — Deferred Unig Do. end month — RAIL' 'AM. Cash. Orleans Northern Lyons and Mediterranean Southern Western Eastern Acct. 825 1105 - 865 - - ... 542 50 533 75 Sardinian ea• 100 Austrian — 370 381 25 Lombard North of Spain l4O Saragossa 195 Ditto to Barcelona 9O Roman 77 50 The Mystery of Shakspere's Sonnets. EXPLAINED BY ROBERT H. GILES. [A gentleman, of the mere fact of whose existence we were not aware until we happened to see his name mentioned for the first time in the Examiner of last Saturday, has just now put forth, through the columns of our contemporary, a long-cherished theory of his own in explanation of that hitherto utterly bewildering enigma, the Book of the Son nets of Shakspere. And the suggestion thus set forth in this most ingenious theory certainly does appear to us to be not only, as we have here pro nounced it to be, most ingenious, but, intrinsically, in the root idea of it, in the very nature and form of it, of such really exquisite beauty that we are tempted here to give the bulk, or at any rate the gist of the charming paper propounding it, a paper which we would suggest, moreover, that the more curious would do well to examine for them selves in its entirety, as it is given with all due pro minence and at full length in the pages of the Examiner. The author of this new and very startling com mentary on one of the most remarkable works ever penned by Shakspere, signs his name Robert H. Giless, and dates his communication on the 10th of -April, 1866, from No. 68, Guildford-street, Russ.ll square.] He prefaces his argument by remarking, that— " The question to whom the sonnets were ad dressed has given employment to several ingenious minds. The Woman has ever remained a complete mystery, but three or four names have been put for ward as candidates for the representation of the Man. Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, had a supporter in Drake. Mr. Boaden and others have taken considerable pains to impose the sonnets on William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. A [certain] W. Hughes has been wildly suggested; and still more wildly Shakspere's own nephew, W. Hart. From sonnets are a heterogeneous medley of unconnected love verses, from another that they are not sonnets at all, but distinct poems. Mr. Armitage Brown was the author of this theory, but his classification of the poems is so loose as to defeat itself. For instance he tells us that us that stanzas one to twenty-six are written by Shakespere to his friend persuading him to marry—but all persuasion to anything of the kind stops at the seventeenth verse. In fact, Mr. Armitage Brown was working in a mist. Another and a new theory some four years ago reached us from Ger many, entitled a Key to Shakspere's Sonnets,' wherein, by an analysis of nearly every verse, the author endeavoured to prove Shakspere's own Genius to be the subject of the poem ; this 'was treated as a German idea,' but I strongly suspect the only fault of the German lay in the simply confounding of Shakspere's Poetic with his Dramatic Genius." Then comes the writer's, that is Mr. Robert Giles's own suggestion : the new Shaksperian commen tator expressing his notion in the manner fol- lowing : My own theory," he writes, is that the so-called sonnets are an entire poem, in two parts—that the Boy is the Personification of Poetry or Poetic Genius ; and that the Woman is the Personification of the Drama or Dramatic Genius. The first part of the poem is the expression of Shakspere's religious love of Poetry. The second of his more familiar but not less absorbing love of the Drama. The whole is a Psychological Hymn, dedicated to the Genius which inspired it. " For those who argue from a material point of view, and for the sake of argument, we will suppose William Herbert, Henry Wriothesley, W. Hughes, and W. Hart combined in the person of one indivi dual, whom we will designate by the initials in the dedication, Mr. W. H., beautiful and accomplished, but thoroughly mortal, and placing him in perspec tive before us ["Tis distance lends enchantment to the view'] we will open in the middle of the first part of the poem, and choosing the fifty-third sonnet or verse, read as addressed to him these linos of our ever true and wise-speaking poet : What is your substance, wheioof are you made, That millions of strange shadows on you tend, Since every one hath every one one shade And you but one can every shadow lend.' Millions of strange shadows do not tend on ordi dinary persons, but they do upon the imagination of it Poet. Arldrpscoa tv Mr. W. 11. these lines have no meaning. Let us substitute the Genius of Poetry, and read them once more : What is your substance, whereof are you made, That millions of strange shadows on you tend, Since every one bath every one one shade, And you but one can every shadow lend.' The lines become luminous, more than that, they become Shaksperian. Now apply the same test to a verse which to me appears to end the first divi sion of a two-part poem. We commence with Mr. W. H. :- 0 thou, my lovely boy, who in thy power Dost hold Time's fickle glass, his sickle, hour.' If Shakspere is addressing a Mr. W. H. of flesh and blood, then is Shakspere not to be depended on. If, on the contrary, he is addressing a conception of the Genius of Poetry, then still is Shakspere true to himself. For poetry can truly be said to hold in its power Time's glass, sickle, and hour. Poetry triply shows, reaps, and endures. It shows the changes of men and manners, it reaps the beauty of all things past or present, and it endures when other things have long decayed. It is the last survivor of a realm destroyed—the one thing not oblivious. ' Who hast by waning grown and therein show'st, Thy lovers withering as thy sweet self grodst,' Addressed to Mr. W. 11. this is without meaning ; addressed to Poetic Genius, it is a time-embracing truth. ' If Nature, sovereign mistress, over wrack, As thou goest onward still will pluck thee back, She keeps thee to this purpose that her skill May time disgrace and wretched minutes kill. Yet fear her, 0 thou minion of her pleasure, She may detain but yet not keep her treasure ; Her audit, though delayed, answer'd must be, And her quietus is to render thee.' Mr. W. H., or Poetry Personified ? Shakspere the the Poet, or Shakspere the writer of hyperbolical and meaningless love-verses ? What shall it be ? "In what manner of estimation [our theorist next considers] was the drama in Shakspere's time : and [he almost asks point-blank] whether Dramatic Works were considered as much a part of Literature as P oetic Works. Referring to the history of the time, we find that they were not. Against the one poem of the ' Faery Queen,' as recognised literature, all Shakspere's plays were for naught. Dramatic writ ings depended on the stage for perpetuation, for continual approval, or for public neglect. The stage at the same time made their fame and was their condemnation. " How then if Shakspere, knowing himself [to be] as great as a Poet as he was a Dramatist, and feeling assured of the non-durability of his plays, should have contemplated writing a poem which would live, and adequately represent to future times how true a Genius his was ? How if in these lines he is speak ing to his Poetic Genius as contra-distinguished from his Dramatic Genius ? How if this all beautiful, all accomplished Boy' be the personification of his Poetic Genius? Would such a conception be beyond Shakspere,:or is it not such as a great poet like Shak spere, whose sole hope to be remembered with Spenser rested upon his earliest productions, the Venus and Adonis,' and the Rape of Lucrece' would conceive? Thou which art now the world's fresh ornament.' Was not the Elizabethan Poetry, the world's fresh ornament, is it not now the cause of wonder and admiration? Might not Shakspere, knowing the divinity within him, have embodied his Genius with Poetry and Poetry with his Genius ? Was such a conception too great for him, who was all Poet as well as Dramatist? Is it not possible he may have experienced a bitter remorse at having expended all his genius on the possibly perishable Drama, and neglected the imperishable and higher-estimated Poetry. Read in this light, does not the first sonnet read as worthy of our poet ? " In the second sonnet we read When forty winters shall besiege thy brow And dig deep trenches in thy beauty's field, tic.' Might not forty yearS have exhausted the fame of his dramas, or have exhausted their popularity ? Did it not nearly ? Have they not been preserved to w 3 almost by a miracle ? Did he not well to fortify himself, or the beauty of his pitted his Genius Poetic, and contrasted it with his own Genius, against oblivion by a Poem ? Genius Dramatic—holding himself between the two And taking this combination of sonnets, this poem, —bending in love, which is almost idolatry, before as the 'fair child' of his Genius, will it not be the one, and, utterly against his conviction, yield found worthy of it? I have called it a poem, and ing in love to the other—is food for long astonish a poem complete I shall prove it to be. ment. " Having his plays as proof of his capacity, we " Not Hamlet, unstable, between the slow move can well understand his meaning. ments of his awfully invoked moral purpose and the "I take the first sixteen verses to be inductive to the incessant activity of his mental abstractions—no t poem. It is his own exhortation to his Poetic Genius to Anthony, all human, between his dominions, and beget by marriage with a subject or verse —or, in his honour, and his love for the Egyptian, are more poetic signification, with his muse—a true and faith- remarkable contemplations than the knowledge this ful likeness of itself, which likeness will be found poem reveals to us of how the mind of Shakspere in the poem. was tortured between his life-deep love of Poetry " But how about the Woman ? and his helpless passionate fondness for the Drama. " The ' lovely Boy' is the personification of Poe- , Two loves I have of comfort and despair, try—the Woman the personification of the Drama! Which like two spirits do suggest me still ; What but Poetry could Shakspere so seriously love ? The better angel is a man right fair, The worser spirit a woman colour'd ill; What but the Drama could he, against his reason, so To win me soon to hell my female evil passionately pursue? How but in its love for the Tempteth my better angel from my side, Drama could Shakspere's Poetic Genius have been And would corrupt my saint to be a devil, false to him ? Wooing his purity with her foul pride " And how is it that, by reading the, poem in this And whether that my angel be turned fiend light, it not only becomes lucid throughout, b ut Suspect 1 may, yet not directly tell, But being both from me, both to each friend takes the shape of the finest Psychological Poem in I guess one angel in another's hell. our language, even to the last two discarded son- Yet this shall I ne'er know, but live in doubt, nets, which become an apt and necessary ending. Till my bad angel fire my good one out' " But [it may be objected] some of these As I have before stated, he has personified his Sonnets ; had been written long before 1609, Poetic Genius in the form of Man, youthful, beauti the year in which they were published. True ; ful, and all-accomplished. and so long had Shakspere contemplated this poem, " But, with doubtful attributes, the colouring of the so long had the dramatist known and bitterly felt time, and in the form of Woman, he has personified in what estimation the world held him. For all the the Drama. Thoroughly to unfold the thousand appreciation his astounding merit had created—he beauties of this work of ideas, would require a long knew the scarlet brand of Dramatist and Actor to be and complete analysis of nearly every line. Mor e upon him. The vulgar impurities of the stage real knowledge of Shakspere will be derived from dragged even him, in the intellectual opinion of the it eventually than all the labours of his lovers have world, to a kindred level. But w hy did he not, brought to light. Careful and most attentive study cognisant as he was o f a ll this, give his attention is required to read it, and only those of peculiar to the composition of a Great Poem? minds will ever understand it. I doubt if in the "The Puritans were bitter against the stage, and at once so abstrus e, world there is another poem ...,. ~....-___, ---- ..--,-, ,- K3L--1-..r.a, wlio IVW , U so beautiful, so delicate, or so difficult. with a great and good object, and than whom Mil- "Completed in his forty-fifth year—his very prime ton was not more spiritual, the knowledge of being .be left it as his masterpiece :so carefully veiling under a material garb the faithful likeness of his own Great Soul, that for nearly three centuries it has passed before the eyes of curious men utterly unobserved I conclude with a verse addressed to the Genius of Poetry as it existed in him, and as it may in others be existing now : Lord of my love, to whom in vassalage Thy merit hath my duty strongly knit, To thee I send this written embassage, To witness duty, not to show my wit ; Duty so great which wit so poor as mine May make seem bare in wanting words to show it ; But that I hope some good conceit of thine, In thy soul's thought all naked will bestow it ; Till whatsoever star that guides my moving Points on me graciously with fair aspect, And puts apparel on my tatter'd loving • To show me worthy of my sweet respect ; Then may I dare to boast how I do love thee ; Till then, not show my head where thou niay'st prove me.' " [And so—with the sound of Shakspere's own words ringing in our ears—we are left by Mr. Robert Giles to meditate over the ingenuity, and, as it appea rs to us also no less distinctly, the exquisite beauty and self-evident reasonableness of his expansion or adaptation of the German theory he himself has frankly alluded to as having first indicated in 0 1 way satisfactorily (but, even then, when left to but very dimly) the real inner hidden meaning of these wonderful Sonnets. As affording an expla nation of a very lovely but (until now) inscrutable t enigma, this little essay of Mr. Robert Giles's henceforth, as it appears to us, be most judiciously prefixed to every new edition of the Sonnets that may hereafter be published. For having merely propounded his theory we feel almost under a Per sonal obligation to this true lover and most saga" cious reader of Shakspere.] classed with vicious and false writers must have been most galling. As bad as the invective of the Puritans, to a noble and excelling mind must have been the familiarity of the vulgar. And the abbre viation of his name into ' Will' by unthinking fools was as much an insult to Shakspere as it would have been to Milton to have heard himself desig nated ' Jack' by. an illiterate cobbler. But Shak spere, knowing his blamelessness, found solace in communing with his Friend--his only true Friend —and that was his Genius. Your love and pity doth the impression fill Which vulgar scandal stamp'd upon soy brow, For what care I who calls me well or ill So you o'ergreen my bad, my good allow. You are my all the world, and I must strive To know my shame and praises from your tongue, None else to me nor I to none alive. That my steel'd sense or changes right or wrong. In so profound Abysm I throw all care Of others' voices, that my adders' ears To critic and to flatterer stopped are. Mark how with my neglect I do dispense : You are so strongly to my purpose wed That all the world besides methinks are dead.' No biography—though it chronicled him to 'the daily lacing of his shoes— could yield us such a knowledge of Shakspere as this one Poem. But let us come to the Second Part. In the first fuur lines we find him contrasting the opinion of his own times regarding the Drama with the estimation in which it was held of old by the Greeks, and more than that we read in a sonnet a vindication of his own originality. In the old time black was not counted fair, Or if it were it bore not beauty's name ; But now is black beauty's successive heir, And beauty slandered with a bastard shame ; For since each hand hath put on nature's power, Fairing the foul with art's false borrow'd face, Sweet beauty hath no name, no holy bower, But is profaned, if not lives in disgrace. Therefore my mistress' eyes aro raven black, Her eyes so suited, and they mourners seam At such who mot born fair no beauty lack, Slandering creation with a false esteem. Yet so they mourn becoming of their woo That every tongue says beauty should look so.' Shakspere—no copyist, no disciple of other men, but a free and absolute master of his own art—is here thinking with his own mind and unreserved judg ment. As an original mind, ho is on a level with sophocles, and equally capable of furnishing a stan dard of dramatic excellence. His judgment tells him that his dramas are good, great, and original. His critics tell him that they are irregular, not after the Greek models; infact, that they are bastard composi tions. Weighing his critics' condemnation against his own right estimation of his works, he says : In the old ago black was not counted fair, Or if it were it bore not beauty's name ; But now is black beauty's successive heir, And beauty slander'd with a bastard shame.' In. the construction of his plays Shakspere fol lowed the dictates of his own judgment; he pur posely discarded the ancient form of the drama, and chose to be original. Had he pleased he could have constructed his plots with as exact a regard to the unities as the Greeks themselves. He wanted greater space. The Greeks had their own ideas of excellence. Shakspere, like all great masters, had his. It was not from ignorance, but from abso lute choice that he so constructed his pieces. The Greeks those narrowness of space and time, Shaks pere breadth and length. The Greeks, art. Shakspere both art and nature. That his contem poraries did not understand him we can well imagine. It is only now that his independence and excellence are beginning to receive a proper acknowledgment. He was not only in ad vance of his own time, but he is of ours also. His plays could not be otherwise than pleasing but they were not understood. It is only the other wa s comprehended, and possi day that ' Hamlet ' bly the failure of its being appreciated in his own day as a great masterpiece gave birth to the ninety third sonnet : Then hate use when thou wilt, if Aver now, Now while the world is bent my deeds to cross, &c.' Leaving the hundred and twenty-eighth sonnet, which is a wonderfully written allusion to the Stage and Actors, we will pause at sonnets cxxxv. and vt., the one in which Shakspere alludes to his familiar title of The sonnets are good-humoured, and probably were written after a dramatic success, but there is still expressed in them a sense of to what familiarity his vocation doomed him. '‘ Wonderfully popular as a Dramatist we know him to have been, but criticism, though it awarded him many excellences, was against him as a Supreme Artist. It was his own knowledge of his own great ness which struck out lines like these : In so profound Abyssm I throw all care Of others' voices, that my adders' ears To flatterer and to critic stopped are.' This feeling is obvious in many stanzas of the poem, and a deep and bitter feeling it was too. The know ing that he had abandoned Poetry for the Drama, and that his Poetic Genius was only truly represented ill his dramas, caused him deep regret. He represents his Genius, in the form of his Friend, as altogether in the Woman's (the Drama's) power : That thou hast her, it is not all my grief, And yet it may be said I loved her dearly, That she hath thee is of my wailing chief— A loss in love touches mo more nearly.' But his consolation is, that in having his Genius the Drama hath him (Shakspere) also : 'But here's the joy ; my friend and I aro ono, Sweet flattery shows she loves but me alone.' "The second part of the poem, after fully reveal ing in what manner he estimated and how tho roughly he loves the Drama, concludes with two stanzas, leaving him still her Lover and her Ser vant. " The poem was published in 1609, with an enig matical dedication to a Mr. W. 11. Those who truly study this last poetic work of our foremost man will easily understand that to none other than himself could it have been dedicated. William and Himself beyond all question are the two words indicated by the initials. " But the poem is the most valuable in our lan guage. There is nothing like it in literature. Upon its composition Shakspere has expended the trea sures of his most intricate thought, all his best com mand of language. From beginning to end there is not one purposeless word. It is at the same time the delineation and celebration of his Poetic Genius, and the revelation of his moral associations with the Drama. " The inconceivable skill with which he has de- Adelphi Theatre. Last night a lively opera buffa, entitled " CrY in g Jenny and Laughing Johnny," by Offenbac h ' was produced at this theatre with success. lb ° , music is light and pretty, and Mrs. Mello n Miss Futardo gave their respective portions of - it with great taste and effect. Mr. Toole has a highly comic part in the trifle in which he has to drcse himself in petticoats; the laughter produced therebi can be well imagined. Mr. Eburne, too, acted h ie part well, and we have great pleasure in comPll - him on this occasion, as we have had many times gone by to find fault with him. The Piec e was well put on the stage, and doubtless will p rove attractive. DEATH or DR. MARK.—Our obituary contains au intimation of the death of a respected fellow-citizen —Dr. James Mau. Dr. Marr, though an English' ll3ll , by birth, received his education in this neighb ourhoou —namely, at the High School of Leith, where be distill." guished himself by taking the gold medal—and at the 1.1-1'- versity of Edinburgh. lle was possessed of great ene r g Y e : combined ~with considerable talent, and was an teemed lecturer on midwifery in the Edinburgh tra Academical School for some years; but an ° P, P ; ° „; tuuity offering of acquiring the extensive typefon n " — establishment of the Messrs. Wilson, carried on in 14°11 : don, Edinburgh, and Dublin, ho left the medical Pr-- fession and applied himself to that lino of bus il°s ; Dr. Marr was a general favourite among his piedi.ctb. brethren, and was very hi g hly es t eeme d by those Wi „ - whom his latter pursuits b roug ht hi m i n t o communicati°"' Ile died in his 54th year.—Scotsman. ROMAN CATHOLIC CHILDREN IN WORKHOUSES."'" The following form of petition to Parliament ROD the wives and mo th ers pro f ess i ng th e R om an Catholic re; ligion was rea d yes t er d ay f rom t h e a lt ars o f the chnrellegs and chapels i n th e R oman C a th o li c A rc hiepiscopal d ioce' t of Westminster by di rec ti on o f the Archbishop, the 31QrSo Rev. Dr. Man n i ng :—" Sh o w e th—That your pet itione e have been ac c u s tomed t o hear and thankful to belie ) that they live in a land of religious liberty and of fair equal laws, and that especially their own religion i 5 longer proscribed or subjected to penalties ; that, Ilev.„eo theless, they aro still subjected to a cruel penalty Wye., severe to them than bodily pain in what may truly be ea scribed as the compulsory education in principles OPlll5e-if to their own, and privation of all instructi on in t" own religion, and of all opportunities of practisincs to which a large number of the orphans alai y °° children of Roman Catholic parents aro expene a to d poorhouses, Poor Law schools, reformatories,' Q-0, industrial schools. That a large proportion o f the o rit man Catholic population is very poor and engage d in W very necessary for the general good, but injurious to t health of those who carry it on ; and hence the nunab er ,,, o Roman Catholic orphans and children who come un der provisions of Poor-law and Reformatory Acts of ra ril ; ment is exceptionally large. That system of which Y°ll,l petitioners complain, of forcing young children to atten' religious services and instructions different front thus© t° which their parents have accustomed them, and cuttil them off entirely from the instruction and consolation Whifft the clergy of their own faith are ready gratuitously to its %, to them, usually results in destroying one set of religion' convictions without implanting others, and in hardoDi Ps and embittering the minds of those who aro made to under go it. That to conscientious Roman Catholic parents the hour of death whose children are not provided for, are in any such poorhouses or schools, the knowledge of system pursued in them is the gl eatest grief whic h e `t embitter their last moments. That thi s s y s t e m, though 01°- directly prescribed by any law, and, as your petitioners br Hove, contrary to the spirit a n d c h arac t er o f the logisl 3tic)l 4 of the country, is carried on un d er th e sanction of ghat of Parliament, and by po wer s gran t e d by such acts. I 'D !, your petitioners, or most of them, are obliged to con tribip i to poor rates and county rates, by which the expe nse t h e the poorhouses, reformatories, and schools in which children of their friends and fellow-religionists aro cruelly treated are defrayed. That your petitioners it; derstand that Parliament has interfered to protect et en classes of persons in danger of oppression, as 6'3'l'll;l working in mines and factories, although the evils to re prevented were less serious, and those whose powers victa restrained were not receiving grants of public moue)", avt the alleged oppression was not exercised in virtue Pf 00 ' ers given by Parliament; that your petitioners, t he be earnestly pray that your lion. louse will no long er , contented to pass Permissive Bills which Poor L aw g li t l t s re dians and others disregard, but will forbid, under effe':"or... provisions, the refusal of free access to a proper l y ized Roman Catholic clergyman to the Roman Ca , children, and the education of any such childre n in L-ot other than their own faith in any poor-house, r '9°r hollY school, reformatory, or i n d us t r i a l sc hool, supported out or in part by taxe s , p oor ra t es , or county rates , and I ' petitioners will ever pray." the Oa LSHAKSPERE'S BIRTHDAY. —Monday next, • fbclaP inst., is the anniversary of Shakspere's 1) 1 r . P. The banquet which, under the will of the late Mr- ury, Cooke, is provided at the Dramatic College at iSaY P tbe , "at which the master, wardens, and members et _,, a „ council shall preside, and to which t he whole of theal-:_a siouers and any supporters and p a t r ons of the dranv o well-wishers of the college shall be invited," will liavv.-I'_e_ • Webster for its pre sident and Mr. Creswick for its p re sident. Special dinners in hono ur of the occasion Rise IA held at various social and literary clabg,