The Sun. — London, England, 1865-08-25 00:00:00

(Prom the Times Correspondent) PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 11. Notwithstanding the warm weather and the con sequent dulness of all pursuits the political cauldron throughout the United States has begun bubbling. In Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana elections take place about October 15. In all these States the Republicans have declared their policy, and before three weeks have elapsed the Democrats will have met and laid down their creed. In all these States the Republicans have adopted a . platform which avoids the only vital question of the day—negro suffrage—and expresses a decided opinion only upon points that were decided by the successful ending of the war. There is not any doubt that in the middle tier of States the majority of the Republicans are opposed to negro suffrage, and so firm are they in that belief that the Radicals have to a certain extent modified their platform, and now advocate a limited suffrage, depending upon the intelligence and pro perty qualifications of the negro. This, however, has had no effect upon New England. Her orators and press still advocate the extremest liberty of the ballot, and will be content with nothing less. The Democrats, while they have no trouble in express ing the most marked opinions against negro suffrage, anticipate serious difficulty in deciding other im portant principles. They do not know whether to endorse President Johnson or not, for Democrats differ greatly in their opinion of his reconstruction policy. Many are willing to support Johnson ; others refuse to do so until he dismisses Seward and Stanton ; others refuse until he liberates Mr. Davis and pardons General Lee, withdraws the military garrison from the South, and stops all proceedings in confiscation. It is most probable that the ques tion of endorsing President Johnson will be avoided in the Democratic Conventions, just as the suffrage question was in the Republican ones. There still runs through the Democratic party a vein of the bitterest hostility to the Government, a relic of the war that time alone can eradicate. This shows it self on all occasions. The Democrats, however, will have very easy times compared with the Republicans. So bitter is the hostility between the factions of that party that many anticipate it will not hold together after the meeting of Congress. The radicals are industriously preparing for a grand onslaught upon the President and his reconstruction policy. They declare war with no wish for compromise. It is probable that Johnson will meet the attack firmly, and prove his appreciation of his power by turning out all the Radicals who join in this attack and enjoy com fortable Government offices. If he only has nerve enough and fights hard enough, the entire Demo cratic party will support him in the contest. They dislike the Administration, but hate the Radicals still more bitterly. Besides there is a general idea abroad that Johnson means well, and wishes to treat the South moderately and return speedily to civil rule, and that all the harsh measures of the Administration have been instigated by subordi nates, who take advantage of the President's well known weakness to accomplish their wishes. Schuyler Colfax, who was the Speaker of the last House of Representatives, may be regarded as a representative Republican. Ile recently made a tour through the Western territories, and on July 26 delivered an important speech at Virginia city, Nevada. But he said not a.word on the subject of negro suffrage. He wished Jefferson Davis hanged, and nominated General Grant as the people's candidate for the next Presidency, but was too far sighted to commit himself just yet to either Republican faction on the negro question. Mr. Colfax is ready for a decision either way, and Re publican journals in all quarters that have already expressed their opinions on the subject consider it very strange that Mr. Colfax, a recognised Repub lican leader, should follow the masses instead of directing them. The negro is thus the burden of all the American news and the theme of all American politics. The race of course think themselves of great importance, and put on airs accordingly. In the South there are great fears of a servileinsurrection, and, although to public document or report hints such a thing, every private letter from that section is filled with the most dismal forebodings. The Freedmen's Bureau would have us believe that if there is any trouble brewing in the South it is caused by the oppression of the whites. The whites fear an in currection, and blame it on the evil th;mghts in stilled into the negroes by the soldiers and Northern emissaries. It is scarcely possible, how ever, for a conflict to occur until the military are withdrawn, and the policy of the Government has been settled to maintain garrisons throughout the South for some time to come. In Mississippi General Thomas has placed garrisons in every county of the State, and the same course is being pursued in South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama. It cannot be denied that the Freedmen's Bureau has done much good for the blacks. Along the Missis sippi their agents have alleviated much of the misery among the vast columns of helpless and destitute negroes who have assembled along the river banks, and it is conceded that they are succeeding admira bly in persuading them to labour for their old mas- tors for wages, and in procuring them good pay. In Nev Orleans an extensive system of negro schools is in operation. There are 230 teachers, and 15,000 children are taught in the daytime, and 5,000 adults at night. A military tax of one cent in $lO is levied on all real estate to defray the expenses of these schools. Negro troubles still continue, but happily the budget for this week is not near so bloody as it has been for a long time past. The exodus of negroes from Kentucky continues, and it is greatly stimu lated by the result of the election, the majority of Congressmen elected, and votes polled, being, in spite of the military, against the Government and opposed to the abolition of slavery. The blacks still cross the Ohio River by thousands, little knowing whether they can live or starve on the northern bank. They flee from an unknown evil and see nothing before them. An official report that has just been made states that 28,818 Kentucky negroes entered the army, and by the provisions of the law that liberated their families from slavery 100,854 blacks were freed from servitude. As many more have run away ; and by the time the votes of the electors are counted and the majority by which Ken tucky has decreed perpetual slavery is determined there will not be a score of negroes in any county to make slaves of. The hegira from Kentucky has prompted a similar one from the lower counties of Maryland and Virginia. Every negro goes .to Washington, and all the vessels that sail up the Po tomac are loaded with them. The mania for run ning away from homes and masters is spreading fast, and is one of the strange characteristics of this remarkable people. A cause for it may be found in the fact that in those parts of the South where the military is not stationed slavery is maintained in its escape , w form, and th e slaves run aay to cruel The constant intermeddling of the milita rities sometimes takes strange phases. In autho one or Southern States special orders have b een give: to all clergymen directing them to affix the follow_ ing declaration to the marriage rites of negroes :-._ " in accordance with the ordinance of God, and by authority of the United States, ! pronounce you to be husband and wife." If the" authority of the United States" will tie the knot More firmly, this, of course, is very salu tary ; but I doubt it very much. A few days since ih people of NeWbern were terribly alarmed by nuge posters placed in conspicuous places all over the city with these mysterious characters " R. C. B." Here was a plot, and after many councils among military officers, and the issue of innumerable orders, it was decided that they could mean nothing less than " Rise, coloured brethren," and guards were sent round the city to tear th em d own. When nearly all, Were destroyed, a quack medicine vendor, of whose name the posters.bore the initials, ppeared and protested against the outrage. The ..ilitary were \ destroying his advertisements. General Sigel, whose rather tame career in the Federal army is well known, has become the edito rial manager of the Wecken s tbe prindipal German newspaper of Baltimore. It is Radical in the most intense degree, and in a late impression states that those white citizens who dread coming in contact with the black voters at the polls can have their qualms eradicated by providing special ballot-boxes for the negroes. The Wecker continues—" Perhaps the plan would relieve the negroes from a great deal of ungentlemanly and disagreeable company." This is only equalled by the conduct of a conven tion of negroes that met recently at Nashville. They fought for six hours about who should be Pre sident, and then selected a well-to-do barber of Nashville, who as he presided applauded whenever sentiments were expressed that met his approval by saying, "Dat's what's de matter !" The convention demanded the right of suffrage, and in order to enforce the demand adopted a resolution protesting against the congressional delegation from Tennessee being received into the Congress of the United States, if the State Legislature does not grant negro suffrage before December 1. There is nothing of very great interest transpiring in the South. In South Carolina the conflict be tween the military and civil authorities continues, and the military officers refuse to allow any civil officers to resume their functions. As the subject has been referred to President Johnson for a deci sion affairs will remain at a stand-still for some time. In Mississippi the election of delegates to the State Convention took place on August 8, but nothing has yet transpired indicating the result. There is little doubt that the Southern Rights party has swept the State, and that nine-tenths of the dele gates chosen are Confederates of the stronger feeling. The Convention meets on August 14, and will speedily reconstruct the State in-a manner suiting all the people, unless the military interfere. In North Carolina Governor Holden has appointed Judges for nearly all the counties, and the courts will at once be opened. Criminal cases, however, will only be tried, civil ones remaining in abeyance for some time to come. The Richmond election dif ficulties have at length been settled. There is to be no new election, nor are the officers chosen to be allowed to take their seats, but a list of gentlemen has been made at a meeting of citizens, and General Terry has appointed them to the offices. As the peo ple generally approve the new appointments, the ad ministration of affairs in Richmond will continue peaceably. At the recent election in Tennessee very few votes were cast, and in more than half the counties, owing to the military restrictions, the polls were not even opened. As the returns are not yet made public, it is presumed that the Democrats, in spite of the military, polled the majority of the votes. The bit terest feuds exist throughout Tennessee between the Union men and Confederates. Murders are of fre quent occurrence, and Governor Brownlow recently said publicly, " It is clear to my mind that in Ten nessee the loyalists and rebels cannot live together." It is reported from Illinois that large numbers of Southerners are coming into that State, especially from Missouri. The central and southern parts of Illinois were first settled to a great extent by people from the Southern States, and having strong family affections they are sending to the South for their relatives and bringing them to Illinois in large numbers. The tendency of this emigration is to wards the strong Democratic counties, and as it threatens to change the entire political complexion of the State the Republicans loak upon it with a very jealous eye, and threaten to use legal means to prevent it. It is said that the friends of Mr. Jefferson Davis in Washington are raising money for Mrs. Davis, who is in a very destitute condition in Alabama. Mr. Davis is still imprisoned in Fortress Monroe, and enjoys good health. General Joseph E. John ston, of Georgia, wishes to be made superintendent of some Southern railroad, as he finds it necessary to do something to keep the wolf away. Hershel V. Johnson, of Georgia, who, in 1860, was candi date for Vice-President, on the ticket with Stephen A. Douglas, has been pardoned by the President at the intercession of Mrs. Douglas. It will be remem bered that Colonel John S. Mosby, the famous par tisan leader, recently opened a law-office at Cul pepper, Virginia. On the 9th of August he came to Alexandria to be admitted to practice in the courts there, and was arrested by the military for a breach of his parole. To-day he was released on promising to remain in Culpepper. The American newspapers are discussing the gradulal payment of the National Debt by means of the surplus gold accumulating in the Treasury. The receipts from Customs largely exceed the amount of coin required to pay the interest on the debt, and it is estimated that the surplus of coin this year will be at least $25,000,000. The Act of Congress, pro viding a sinking fund for the payment of the debt, requires that the surplus gold remaining after the payment of the interest shall be devoted "to the purchase or payment of one per cent. of the entire debt of the United States, to be made within each fiscal year after July Ist, 1862, which is to be set apart as a sinking fund, and the interest of which shall in like manner be applied to the purchase or payment of the public debt, as the Secretary of the Treasury shall from time to time direct." Under this requirement the Treasury is bound to redeem dur ing the current fiscal year about $28,000,000 of the debt, from its gold resources. To do this about $20,000,000 of coin would be required, and the putting of that amount on the market will have a tendency to keep down the premium. The National Banking system, it appears from the latest reports, is fast ruling out of existence the old State Banks, especially in the cities. In New York city there are but 15 State banks in operation ; in Philadelphia none ; Boston, one ; Baltimore, seven ; Pittsburg, one ; Albany, one ; St. Louis, four ; Chicago, none Louisville, ten i Detroit, two ; and Milwaukee. three. On the Ist of May last there were 1,050,000 men enrolled in the Federal army and on the pay rolls. Since that time a little over 700,000 have been dis charged, so that there are about 330,000 still under arms. Of the troops discharged about 300,000 are now en route to their homes, to be mustered out. During the last 40 days over 260,000 men have been mustered out and promptly paid, the rapidity and completeness with which it was done giving proof of the enormous machinery controlled by the Go vernment. The reported discharge from service of large numbers of troops in Texas is correct, and fully one-half of Sheridan's army will be discharged, paymaiters and mustering Officers being already sent to Texas for the purpose. Everything is pro foundly quiet on the Rio Grande, and it is reported that the fortified positions now held by the French forces in Mexico have been greatly strengthened by heavy ordnance recently received from France. This will enable small garrisons to hold the positions ; it is also stated that General Brown has been removed from command at Brownsville. Our latest advices from San Francisco indicate that the loan on behalf of Juarez was being rapidly taken up in that market, and the 30,000 stand of arms purchased there for him had again been seized by the Federal authorities for debt. On Aug. 2 an incendiary fire took place at Galveston, Texas, which for a time threatened the destruction of the entire city, but fortunately was overcome. There is an open conflict between the military and civil authorities at. Detroit, Michigan. The comman dant of the barracks turned a citizen named Whiting, who lived in the neighbourhood, out of his house, and placed a guard over it. Whiting had the officer of the guard arrested and lodged in gaol, when a military squad went to the gaol and rescued him. A warrant was then issued for the arrest of the commandant of to h ite barracks, b u t h e refused to pay anttetion t. Thus the matter stands, and every one is anxiously awaiting developments. Governor Parsons of Alabama has just issued a letter of instructions to applicants for pardon in Alabama, which directs them now to frame their applications. In these applicati ons they arc to w which show the stri c t inquisi tion of each man's past lif e b e f ore questions, ma anse that r l2 is toe a 0 he is pardoned. As these questions are, no doubt, prompted from Washington they are of interest to - - all who watch the progress of Southern reconstruc tion. The principal questions are—Have you ever served on a vigilance committee by which enemies to the Confederacy were tried ? Are you under arrest ? has any person been shot or hanged by your order for disloyalty to the Confederacy, or have you shot or hanged any one yourself ? Have you ordered or been engaged in hunting any one with dogs who was disloyal to the Confe deraei? Were you in favour of the ordinance of , THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVE A MUST 25, 1865. our annual industry were to be found not in floating wealth, but in the increased value of our farms and mines —and that, at this moment specially, from the failure of successive,crops, the effects of the American civil war on our commercial relations, and the feeling of insecurity as to our position (greatly aggravated by statements of the defencelessness of the country in the British Parliament and by portions of the British press)—Canada was labour ing under a temporary but serious depression. We pointed out that, while fully recognising the necessity and pre pared to provide for such a system of defence as would rester e confidence in our future at home and abroad, the best ultimate defence for British America was to be found in the increase of her population as rapidly as possible, and the husbanding of her resources to that end ; and, without claiming it as a right, we ventured to suggest that by enabling us to throw open the north-western territories to free settlement, and by aiding us in enlarging ourcanals and prosecuting internal productive works, and by pro -1 - meting an extensive plan of emigration from Europe into the unsettled portions of our domain —permanent security would be more quickly, and surely, and economically secured than by any other means. We did not fail topoint l i out how this might be done without cost or risk to the British Exchequer, and how greatly it would lighten the new burden of defence proposed to be assumed at amoment of depression by the people of Canada. "Much discussion ensued on all these points, and the result arrived at was that if the people of Canada under took the works of defence at and west of Montreal, and agreed to expend in training their militia until the union of all the provinces was determined, a sum not less than is now expended annually for that service, her Majesty's Go vernment would complete the fortifications at Quebec, pro vide the whole armament for all the works, guarantee a loan for the sum necessary to construct the works undertaken by Canada, and in the event of war undertake the defence of every portion of Canada with all the resources of the empire. " The question having arisen as to the time and order in which these propositions should be submitted for the ap proval of the Imperial and Provincial Legislatures, it ap peared that no action could be taken upon them during the present year; and it was, therefore, deemed inexpedient to complicate the Confederate question by changing the basis of the Quebec conference resolutions, which might result from the present adoption of these propositions. The fur ther consideration of the defensive works was accordingly deferred for the action of the Government and Legislature of tho proposed British North American Confederation— but the assurance of her Majesty's Government was at the same time given, that if circumstances arose to render an application expedient by Canada alone for the immediate prosecution of the works of defence, such application would be received in the most friendly spirit. " On the subject of the American Reciprocity Treaty we entered into full explanations with the Imperial Ministers. We explained how advantageously the treaty had worked for Canada, and the desire of our people for its renewal ; but we showed at the same time how much more advan tageously it had operated for American interests—and we expressed our inability to believe that the United States' Government seriously contemplated the abolition of an arrangement by which they had so greatly increased their foreign commerce, secured a vast and lucrative carrying trade, and obtained free access to the St. Lawrence and to the invaluable fishing-grounds of British America— and that on the sole ground that the Provinces had also profited by the treaty. We explained the im mediate injury that would result to Canadian interests from the abrogation of the treaty ; but we pointed out at the same time the new and ultimately more profitable channels into which our foreign trade must in that event be turned, and the necessity of preparing for the change, if indeed it was to come. We asked that the British Minister at Washington might be instructed testate frankly to the American Government the desire of the Canadian people for a renewal of the treaty, and our readiness to discuss and favourably entertain any just propositions that might be made for an extension or modification of its con ditions ; we requested that the views of the American Government should be obtained at the earliest convenient date, and that his Excellency Sir Frederick Bruce should act in concert with the Canadian Government in the matter. The Imperial Government cordially assented to our sug gestions. "The. important question of opening up to settlement and cultivation the British territories on the north-west borders of Canada next obtained the attention of the con ference. Your Excellency is aware that the desire of the Government of Canada for a satisfactory and final adjust ment of this matter has been often formally expressed. In your Excellency's despatch of the 19th of January, 1864, to the Colonial Secretary, the anxious desire of the Canadian Government was communicated 'for some speedy, inex pensive, and mutually satisfactory plan,' for settling defi nitely 'the north-western boundary of Canada,' and the claim of Canada was asserted to ' all that portion of Central British America which can be shown to have been in the possession of the French at the period of the cession in 1763.' "In reply to this despatch Mr. Cardwell, on the Ist of July, 1864, requested to be informed whether the Govern ment of Canada was prepared to assist in negotiations with the Hudson's Bay Company, with the view of accepting any portion of the territory now claimed by that company and providing the,means of local administration therein ; and he suggested that, if so prepared, it would be desirable that some person duly authorised to communicate the views of the Canadian Government should be rent to England for that purpose. "On the 11th of November, 1864, a minute of Council was approved by your Excellency, in reply to Mr. Card well's speech. It set forth that the Government of Canada was ready and anxious to co-operate with the Imperial Go vernment in securing the early settlement of the north west territories, and the establishment of local government in its settled portions ; but that in its opinion the first step towards that end was the extinction of all claim by the Hudson's Bay Company to proprietary rights in the soiland exclusive rights of trade. It suggested that it was for the Imperial Government, and not for the Government of Canada, to assume the duty of bringing to an end a mono poly originating in an English charter, and exercised so long under Imperial sanction ; but that when the negotia tions were brough to a close, the Government of Canada would be ready to arrange with the Imperial Government for the annexation to Canada of such portions of the ter ritory as might be available for settlement, as well as for the opening up of communications into the territory, and providing means of local administration. Or, should the Imperial Government prefer to erect the territory into a Crown colony, the Canadian Government would gladly co-operate in the opening up of communication into the ter ritory, and the settlement of the country. The minute finally suggested that the Hon. President of the Council while in England would communicate more fully to Mr. Cardwell the views of the Canadian Government. " The negotiations that followed on this despatch antis led us of the impossibility of enforcing the end sought by Canada without tong-protracted, vexatious, and costly liti gation. The Hudson's Bay Company were in possession, and, if time were their object, could protract the proceed ings indefinitely ; and her Majesty's Government appeared unwilling to ignore pretensions that had frequently re ceived the quasi -recognition from the Imperial authorities. Calling to mind, therefore, the vital importance to Canada of having that great and fertile country opened up to Canadian channels ; remembering also the danger of large grants of laud passing into the hands of mere moneyed cor porations and embarrassing the rapid settlement of the country ; and the risk that the recent discoveries of gold on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains might throw into the country large masses of settlers unaccustomed to British institutions we arrived at the conclusion that the quickest solution of the question would be the best for Canada. We accordingly proposed to the Imperial Minis ters that the whole British territory east of the Rocky Mountains and north of the American or Canadian lines should be made over to Canada, subject to such rights as the Hudson's Bay Company might be able to establish, and that the compensation to that company (if any were found to be due) should be met by a loan guaranteed by Great Britain. The Imperial Government consented to this, and a careful investigation of the case satisfies us that the com pensation to the Hudson's Bay Company cannot, under any circumstances, be onerous. It is but two years since the present Hudson's Bay Company purchased the entire pro perty of the old company ; they paid £1,500,000 for the en tire property and assets—in which were included a large sum in cash on hand, large landed properties in British Columbia and elsewhere not included in our arrangement, a very large claim against the United States Government under the Oregon Treaty, and ships, goods, pelts, and busi ness premises in England and Canada, valued at £1,083,569. The value of the territorial rights of the company, in the estimation of the company itself, will be e asily arrived at. " The result of o ur commun i ca ti ons with the committee of her Majesty's G overnmen t were p l ace d by Mr. Cardwell in the form of a despatch to your excellency. That docu ment bears date the 17th of June, 1865, and has already reached your excellency's hands. It contains a correct statement of the result of the conference. " Although the subject was not specially referred to us, we did not fail to call the attention of the Colonial Minister to the anomalous position of foreigners who have settled in Canada, and become naturalised subjects under our provin cial statutes. Mr. Cardwell at once admitted the hardship of the case, and stated that it was the desire of her Ma- jnsty's Government to remedy it, and that with that view he had referred the subject to the law officers of the Crown for their opinion as to the best mode of doing so. "It will be gratifying to many devoted subjects of her Majesty throughout British America, whose fears have been . _ excited by tho language too often hoard of late years on tho subject of colonial connexion, that we received from her 31ajesty's Ministers tho assurance that tho British Go- vernment acknowledge the obligation of defending every portion of Canada with all the resources at its command. " Such in brief is the outline of our communications with her Majesty's Government, and we cannot conclude this report without gratefully acknowledging the distinguished consideration extended to us as the representatives of Canada,' not only by the Ministers with whom we were brought more directly in contact, but by many eminent personages with whom we had the honour of conferring on the object of our mission. To Mr. Cardwell we are espe cially indebted for unremitting kindness and attention. We are happy to believe that the result of our visit to secession ? These are but a few of the questions, and all are framed with such great care and acumen that it is impossible for any one to evade giving answers that will show up his past life, and then when the answers are forwarded to Washington with the application for pardon the examination of outside testimony is also made before a pardon is granted. The Shipowners' Association of New York has just published a statement of the abuses and extor tions practised upon foreign vessels at quarantine. This statement has caused great excitement, and will, no doubt, result in a complete reformation of the quarantine.: The manner in which shipowners have been robbed is positiNely shameful. The most exorbitant charges have been made for the slightest services, and their payments enforced by threats to confiscate the vessels. Statements have been published of the receipts from the sales of various newspapers in New York during the year ending the Ist of May, 1865. Of the daily papers the Herald sold copies amounting to the value of $675,000 ; the limes, $340,000 ; the Tribune, $135,000 ; the World, $60,000 ; the Daily News, $45,000. Of religious papers, the Inde pendent sold copies amounting to $BB,OOO. Harper's Weekly, the principal American illustrated weekly, sold $300,000 worth, and the New York Ledger, the principal literary paper, $366,000. The reports of the progress of the cholera and its breaking out in Malta have caused consternation in every American seaport. The health officers are stirred up and the mayors are frightened. The Candian Mission to England. The following is the re — port of the Canadian De legates to England as laid upon the table of Parli meat at Quebec on the 9th inst.:— " To HIS EXCELLENCY THE RIGHT HON. VISCOUNT MONCX, GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA, &C. " May it please your Excellency,—The undersigned having, by Order in Council of the 24th of March, 1865, been appointed a Committee of the Executive Council of Canada to proceed to England and confer with her Ma jesty's Government on certain subjects of importance to the province, sailed for England in April last, and, having disc charged the duty intrusted to them and returned to Ca nada, we now beg to submit for your Excellency's infor mation a statement of our proceedings while in London. " The circumstances under which this mission became necessary are doubtless freshin yOur Excellency's recollec tion. For a considerable time past, in view of the civil war going on in the - United States, and the impossibility of an ticipating what international questions might at any mo ment arise, her Majesty's Government felt it their duty from time to time to direct the attention of the Govern ment of Canada to the insecure position of the province in the event of disturbed relations unhappily resulting, and to urge the adoption of protective measures. In these com munications it was not concealed that her Majesty's Go vernment expected the people of Canada to assume more onerous military duties than they had previously borne. Your Excellency's advisers were always prepared frankly to consider these proposals, and to submit for the approval of Parliament such measures as might be found just and reasonable ; but they felt, at the same time, that to secure the hearty assent of Parliament and the country for any important changes in the military relaticns between the parent State and the colony an explanation on the whole subject should first be had, so that a clear un derstanding as to the state of defence to be borne by each might be arrived at, and all ground of irritating and hurt ful reproach for alleged neglect of duty by the colony entirely removed. In view also of the anticipated early union of all the British North American colonies—so well calculated to simplify the system of defence—the Govern ment of Canada deemed it highly desirable that the settle ment of this important question should be reserved for the action of the Government and Legislature of the new Con federation. Her Majesty's Government concurred in these views. " In the early part of the year, however, events occurred that changed the situation of affairs. The conference at Fortress Monroe for the cessation of hostilities, the dib turbances on the Canadian frontier, the imposition of the passport system, the notice given by the American Govern ment for a termination of the convention restricting the naval armaments on the lakes, and other events, tended to revive and deepen the s feeling of insecurity, and her Ma jesty's Government urged the immediate erection of per manent works of defence at Quebec and Montreal—the cost of the former to be borne by the Imperial Treasury, and of the latter by the people of Canada. Your Excellency's advisers were most anxious to meet the wishes of her Ma jesty's Government, but they could not feel it their duty to propose to Parliament a vote for defensive works at Montreal, while the defence of Upper Canada, on land and on the lake; was unprovided for. Tho position of affairs was further complicated by tho result of the New Brunswick elections, which postponed, at least for a time, the union of the provinces, and by the formal notice given by the American Government for the termina tion, in March next, of the Reciprocity Treaty. It became evident that the time had arrived, and could no longer be postponed, for a full and frank explanation with her Majesty's Government on the whole state of affairs, and with that view an immediate mission to Eng land, with your Excelleny's assent, was resolved upon. The state of the case was forthwith communicated to the Legis lative Council and Assembly, which was then in Session, and Parliament was shortly after prorogued, on the understand ing that it would be summoned to learn the result of the negotiations, and complete the business of the session, as soon as the delegates returned from Great Britain. " On arriving in England we lost no time in placing our selves in communication with her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies ; and a committee of the Imperial Cabinet, consisting of his Grace the Duke of Somerset, the Right Hon. the Earl De Grey and Ripon, the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, and the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell, having been appointed to confer with us, negotiations were opened, and continued at frequent interviews up to the close of the mission. " The subject to which we first invited the attention of the conference was the proposed confederation of the British North American colonies. We reminded the Imperial Ministers how largely all the questions with the discussion of which we were charged —and especially those of defence, foreign commercial relations, and internal communication— would be affected by the union, and how greatly their satis factory settlement would be facilitated by it. We explained the reasons that existed for obtaining the assent of all the colonies to the union at an early date, and the promise to which the Government of Canada stood pledged to pro ceed without delay with constitutional reforms for Canada alone in the event of the larger measure failing to be obtained. We received at once from the members of the Imperial Cabinet assurances of their hearty approval of the confederation scheme, and of their anxious desire to promote its early accomplishment by all the legitimate influence of the Imperial GovernMent. In the discussion of the means to be adopted for effecting confederation we trust it is un necessary to assure your Excellency that the idea of coerc ing the maritime provinces into the measure was not for a moment entertained. The end sought was to ascertain in what manner the question of union in all its bearings could be best brought under the full and fair consideration of our fellow colonists, and the grave responsibility urged upon them which they would assume by thwarting a measure so pregnant with future prosperity to British America, so anxiously desired by the great mass of the people to be affected by it, and which had been received with such marked satisfaction by our fellow subjects throughout the British empire. We received assurance that her Majesty's Government would adopt every legitimate means for se curing the early assent of the maritime provinces to the union. In the course of these discussions the question of the intercolonial railway came up as a necessary accompa niment of confederation, when we sought and obtained a renewal of the promised Imperial guarantee of a lean for the construction of that work. " The important question of future military relations be tween the mother country and Canada received earnest and grave consideration. Before entering on the discussion of details, we referred to the recent debates in the Imperial Parliament on the subject of Canadian defences, and espe cially to the assertions confidently made by certain members of the House of Commons, that Canada was incapable of efficient protection against invasion across her inland border, We explained the injury such statements tended to produce, and the necessity of our ascertaining, as a preliminary step to our discussions, whether or not they were well founded. We asked that a report on the whole subject of the defence of Canada, with plans and estimates, might be obtained from the highest military and naval authorities of Great Britain. Such a report was obtained and communicated to us confidently, and we rejoice to say that it is calculated to remove all doubt as to the security of our country, so long as tho hearts of our people remain firmly attached to the British flag, and the power of England is wielded in our defence. "On the part of Canada we expressed the desire that this plan for the defence of all parts of the Province should be taken as the basis of arrangement ; and that a full and candid discussion should be had as to the share of the cost that ought to be borne respectively by the Imperial and provincial Exchequers. We expressed the earnest wish of the people of Canada to per connexionperpetuate the h a ppy ex i s ti ng with Great Britain, and their entire willing ness to contribute to the defence of the Empire their full quota, according to their ability, of men and money But we pointed out that if war should ever unhappily. arise between England and the United States, it could only be an Imperial war, on Imperial grounds—that our country alone would be exposed to the horrors of inva sion ; and that our exposed position, far from entailing on us unusual burdens, should, on the contrary, secure for us the special and generous consideration of the Imperial Government. We explained, moreover, that though Canada continued to progress steadily and rapidly, it was a vast country, sparsely populated—that the difficulties of first settlement were hardly yet overcome—that the profits of England has been to inspire more just views as to the posi tion and feeling of the Canadian people, and to draw closer the ties that have so long and so happily attached our pro vince to the mother country. “ JOHN A. MACDONALD. ” GEORGE E. CARTER. " GEORGE BROWN. " A. T. GALT. ;,‘ Quebec, July 12." Naval and Military Intelligence. Her Majesty's iron-cased cupola ship Prince Albert, built by Mr. Samuda, M.P., at his works in the Isle of Dogs, and now in basin at Woolwich, is ordered to be out of the shipwrights' hands on the 30th of September next. The whole of her ar mour-plating is on, and the constructor's work is complete. She is now in the hands of the dock yard artisans. The four cupolas, on Capt. Cowper Coles's principle, intended to carry and mask one heavy gun in each battery, are partially completed. They were made in the shipwrights' department of the dockyard at Woolwich, and are pronounced a work of much ingenuity and success. It was stated yesterday that Messrs. Humphreys and Tennant, who supplied the engines and machinery, have ob tained permission of the Board of Admiralty to take the Prince Albert on a trial trip to the Maplin Sands shortly, for the purpose of realising her rate of speed at sea, and testing the power of the engines for the satisfaction of the manufacturers, according to regulation and custom. The iron paddlewheel vessel Antelope, 650 tons burden, at Woolwich for repairs, has been stripped of her boilers and machinery, under the new iron sheer-legs recently erected. The whole of the ma chinery is so thoroughly damaged as to be consi dered unfit for further service. Many of the ves sel's timbers are also considerably decayed. She is consequently about to undergo general repair. The steam tug Bustler, 217 tons, purchased into the dockyard service during the Crimean war, under the name of the Merry Andrew, has been stripped of her bulwarks, paddleboxes, fore sponsons, &c., and was yesterday hauled out of basin and made fast to the Hebe hulk at Woolwich, to facilitate carrying out the necessary repairs. Her removal from the basin was rendered necessary to make room for the steam storeship Dee, Master Com mander Raymond, taken in for repairs. Major-Gen. A. B. Stransham, the Inspector- General of Royal Marines Light Infantry, brought his inspection of the Chatham division of Royal Marines to a close yesterday. In consequence of the excessive rain on Wednesday the outdoor por tion of the inspection on that day had to be dispensed with, and the men were accordingly paraded in heavy marching order, when Major-Gen. Stran sham made a minute inspection of their kits, arms, and accoutrements. Later in the day, after visiting the divisional schools and barrack rooms, the In spector-General inspected Melville Naval Hospital, where he was received by the new Deputy Inspec tor-General, Dr. A. Armstrong, who conducted him over the establishment, with which he expressed himself highly satisfied. In consequence of the ex cellent manner in which the officers and men of the battalion acquitted themselves on Chatham Lines onTuesday afternoon, Major-Gen. Stransham dis pensed with I.ny further field drills yesterday, and concluded his inspection. In consequence of the satisfactory nature of the inspection, Col. Travers, C. 8., the commandant of the division, has been pleased to remit the punishment of all defaulters. Yesterday the following officers and troops left Chatham garrison and proceeded by special train to Portsmouth to embark on board her Majesty's iron troopship Urgent, 41, 400-horse power, Capt. S. H. Henderson, for conveyance to Bermuda and Halifax--viz., Capt. R. B. Rimington, Lieut. W. A. W. Orange, Lieut. H. G. Pilleau, 100 non-com missioned officers and men, 9 women, and 11 chil dren of the 9th company Royal Engineers; 35 non commissioned officers and men, one woman, and one child, selected from the depot companies of Royal Engineers ; 36 non- commissioned officers and men of the Ist division Depot Brigade, Royal Artil lery; Lieut. J. C. Stratford, Ensign A. Evers, 142 non-commissioned officers and men, 1 woman, and 3 children of the 2d battalion 2d Queen's Royals ; Lieut. T. H. K. Fletcher, Lieut. C. K. Farquhar son, and 64 men of the Ist battalion of the 15th Regiment; giving a total of 7 officers, 377 non-com missioned officers and men, 11 women, and 14 children. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS -4 - TIMES. --Our recent correspondence from the United States has contained a description of Ame rican feeling towards England which it may be useful to consider with more than casual atten tion, especially as the representation was made from an American point of view, and with a pur pose of establishing its reasonable character, and, at least partial truth. The importance of the case, as thus opened for our contemplation, is cer tainly beyond question. W e are assured that sentiments of " bitterness and irritation" towards us pervade all classes of society in America, in cluding even the most thou g htf u l and moderate of the higher ranks, and that this spirit of hos tility may be regarded, indeed, as " universal." Nor does the feeling express merely such aliena tion or ill blood as will occasionally disturb the relations between the most right-minded States. It goes far beyond this. It is spoken of even by a grave and temperate organ of American opinion as familiarising the people with " the thought of war" with England, and we are given to under stand that the Government of Washington is sub jected to a pressure from without in the same direction, which, if not prudently resisted, would quickly "precipitate a collision." All this points to something more than a mere interruption of cordiality through jealousy or rivalry. Such a state of opinion among a civilised, educated, and intelligent people is undoubtedly serious, and we turn with no slight interest to the allegations by which it is justified. It will be a satisfaction to Englishmen to hear that no substantial grievance is founded on the conduct of England during the civil war. When Americans are pressed upon this point they confess their inability to produce any ground of complaint. They make the acknowledg ment rather grudgingly, but still they do make it. They are willing generally to admit that our pro mised neutrality was preserved to the end, and that no act of wilful commission or omission can be charged against the British Government. Their own experience has taught them how impossible it is for a government to succeed always in controlling the adventures of private citizens, and they can hardly deny thai we did our best. Their single grievance in this case is purely a sentimental one. They say that we gave them no sympathy ; that our " edu cated classes" were all against them in the struggle, and that the " conduct and expressions" of the aristocratic and wealthy classes of society were such as to produce the irritation now existing. We might say something upon those assertions, but it is unnecessary to do so, because it is presently ac knowledged that in point of fact the feeling described does not date from the war at all. It is of earlier growth and longer standing. It prevailed before the war began or was dreamt of, and the incidents of that memorable struggle did no more than intensify or quicken a disposition already noto rious. For the truth of the matter, therefore, we must go back a little further, and consult American history of twenty years since for the reasons which are now held to justify Americans in entertaining the idea of a bloody and calamitous war with the country from which they sprang. These reasons are frankly exposed to us. The Americans, we are told, are keenly and almost morbidly sensitive to the opinion of foreigners, and especially of Eng lishmen. They wince under criticism, and pine for sympathy and encouragement. They have had neither, but have, on the contrary, been incessantly subjected to ridicule and sarcasm. Tourists have crossed the Atlantic only to laugh at them, and have actually impeded by their scoffing the work of a rising nation. We Englishmen have been the greatest sinners. We have held American manners up to public derision, have passed without a word of praise the services rendered by Americans to the world, and have thus provoked a well-deserved animosity by our ungracious and inconsiderate con duct. There is the real indictment—the true account of our offending. Our conduct in the war was but of a piece with this previous behaviour. We were true to our original part, and left without any sympathy a people whom we had formerly treated without any respect. That is really the aspect in which Americans desire that the relations between them and ourselves should be viewed, and we venture to ask whether such a case was ever put before the world as con taining a legitimate cause of war between two great and civilised nations. There is hardly standing ground for two jealous woman to fight upon. Travellers' tales and tourists' sketches, shilling novels and sixpenny caricatures--a pretty subject for a war which would be " the greatest of political errors," a " moral crime," and " disastrous in equal measure to the true interests of both countries 1" We believe it is about the truth of the story ; but how can the Americans have the face to tell it ? Why, there is not matter enough in it for an after dinner speech—not to mention that the Americans have had their full share of the game, and have kept the international account, we should think, tolerably square. They are a young nation ; we are an old one. They have rough work to do ; our rough work is done. They have the vigour and the resources of an infant country ; we have the smoothness and polish of an ancient State. Each of these positions admits of caricature. If that of the Americans appears most exposed to it, it is be cause we have borrowed the materials from Ameri cans themselves. They are the best caricaturists of their own manners, and their best comedians bring the pictures over to us with extraordinary success. They have been tolerably successful, too, against ourselves, but did ever any Britisher " become familiar with the thought of war" under such kind of provocation ? We may suggest, too, that they have gone a little beyond this. Setting off the Press of one country against the Press of the other —a bargain of which the Americans can certainly not complain —we may say that no English statesman would allow himself to speak of America as public men in America speak of England. The Americans have been giving as well as taking, and it is absurd for them to act now as if the taking had been all on their side, and to cry out for a war to redress the balance. Seriously, let us ask them to consider for a moment what we have done during the last four years. Let them remember the relations with which we started, and the hostilities with which we had been constantly menaced on questions which no other country would have allowed to become em bittered for a moment. Let them then think of the pressure put upon us by the cotton famine, and augmented by every device which could suggest itself to those who would have welcomed a war be tween the Federals and England as the greatest of advantages. This was not all. In recognising the Confederate Government we could have found allies, and in impeaching the original efficiency of the blockade we might have maintained our policy. All this while, too, the alarm and depreciation of the American themselves showed how fatal our intervention would have been to the cause of the North, insomuch that, next to their own invincible perseverance, the Federals may be said to owe their success to our inflexible neutrality-. This political justice was a better thing than private sympathy, which, after all, did but take here the same course as in America itself. If our " educated classes" sympathised with the South, so did theirs. The upper ten thousand were Confederates at heart, as every newspaper assured us. The Americans now claim, and not unreasonably, to have been strength ened as well as sobered by the ennobling influences of an engrossing struggle. They cannot show their progress better than by discarding the susceptibili ties on which this case is based, and giving evidence to the world that they can afford to be laughed at just as well as Englishmen themselves. HERALD—If it were announced to-morrow morn ing that some distinguished exile had been kidnapped by foreign emissaries in the midst of London, and carried off to undergo whatever fate the justice of his country or the vengeance of his enemies might have in store for him, what would be the state of public feeling ; what the vehemence of national in dignation, from one end of England to the other ? What would be the panic on the Stock Exchange ; what the excitement at the clubs • what crowds would gather in the streets, and what would be the trepidation at the Foreign Office ! Let us suppose that Italian detectives have stolen into the house of Mr. James Stans feld, and, concealing themselves in the basement till evening, have rushed out upon Signor Mazzini as he took his homeward way, and having secured and gagged him, have carried hi m d own to the river, embarked in a steamer lying ready for them, and that, before the patriot's friends have had time to start in pursuit, the trail is lost, and the party safe on their way to Italy. Signor Mazziui does not en joy the best of reputations in this country ; he is accused of being an assassin—on evidence somewhat more plausible than that brought forward against President Davis, and he is known to be an invete rate disturber of the peace of Europe, and an incur able plotter of abortive insurrection. But what Englishman would on that account be disposed to acquiesce in an outrage on the dignity and honour of England, or to rest satisfied with anything short of the amplest and most signal retribution for so heinous a crime ? What language would suffice to express the wrath of Mr. Bright, Mr. Forster , and Mr. Stansfeld ; what excuse would the D a ily News allow to be pleaded in extenuation of the lawlessness and ingratitude of the outrage? All the Democratic party and all their organs would be full of the mat ter. For a few days we should hear no more of charges raked up from the mire of the Federal press against Confederate captives, and arguments for the murder of Jefferson Davis would be suspended, at least till the life of Mazzini was assured. For once Lord Russell's accustomed insolenceto minor Powers would be in place ; and the stinging despatch in which the crime of the Italian Government would be stigmatised, and the rendition of the captive cie manded, would be published to applauding England before the courier had set foot on the Continent. Nor would the case be very different if the victim were M. Ledru Rollin and the kidnappers French detectives, who had inveigled their unsuspecting countryman into a carriage, and driven him off at speed to some secure asylum, in preparation for his conveyance across the water. In this instance public - indignation would probably be still stronger ; although Mr. Bright, seeing some danger of actual war, might exert himself to pacify his Radical friends, and Lord Russell, not daring to submit to so gross an insult, would request reparation with all the gentleness and courtesy which he com monly employs towards Governments capable of resenting impertinence. Still, reparation would be exacted, and, failing reparation, war should be inevitable. Nor would it greatly mend the matter if the Government concerned were to reply to that the kidnappers were not in their actual employment, but were urged to their ent er p r i se b y l o y a l z eal, patriotic devotion, and the handsome price set on the victim's head. England would reply, " What right had you to set a reward of £15,000 on the head of a man living quietly in England, and who, as you very well know, will never venture within your jurisdiction ? You did not offer that sum for the cheap and easy service of arresting him if he should set foot within your dominions. Such an enormous recompense can only have been offered with a view to a very dangerous service ; the service, namely, of kidnapping a political refugee on English soil. This service you clearly contem plated and intended, even if in set terms you for bade it ; and for what has occurred, as the neces sary and obvious consequence of your acts, you are as strictly responsible as if the perpetrators had worn your uniform and carried your orders in their pockets." Mutat° nomine, this very thing has been attempted. Between the real and hypothetical outrages there are differences of detail—differences of men, locality, and success,—but none of prin ciple or of law. George N. Sanders is a less noto rious person than Mazzini or Ledru Rollin. Canada is very far from London, and outrages committed and tamely endured there do not provoke the same dangerous explosions of wrath which would make it impossible to forgive their authors if they occurred in London. And Yankees are accustomed to prac tise, without shame and without punishment, a law less disregard of public law and international right which would not be tolerated from the most power ful of European nations. Still, it requires all our experience of Lord Russell's abject servility and of Lord Monck's dutiful imitation of patron's demeanour towards to the United States, to render credible the tale we have to tell. Among the Con federate refugees in Montreal is one George N. Sanders, not, perhaps, wholly forgotten by our readers. This gentleman has been included in some of the impossible stories told by the witnesses suborned by Mr. Stanton and his chief to assist in the late judicial murders at Washington, and he was also included in that memorable proclamation whereby President Johnson was not ashamed to accuse the Confederate Government and its Canadian agents of complicity in the murder of Abraham Lincoln. Of course there was not the slightest foundation either for the perjuries of the witnesses or for the Presidential calumny, for if there had been a jot or a tittle of presentable evidence the Federal Govern ment would have demanded the extradition of San- ders from the too complaisant authorities of Canada. This it dared not do; but instead of this it offered £15,000 to any one who would arrest Mr. Sanders on American ground. The proviso had a double purpose ; it served to save appearances, and at the same time to suggest the crime it appeared to for bid. Every one said at once, "No Government offers such a reward for the seizure of a single man within its own - territory, especially when if knows that he is safe beyond it. Such an offer would de feat its own purpose by making it certain that the intended prey would never trust himself within reach of those who had set a price on his head, and it would be far too high a reward for the easy ser vice it nominally requires." It was easily under stood that if once Mr. Sanders were . " arrested on American ground" no questions would be asked of those who brought him there. It was resolved to seize so, rich a prize, and a gang of conspirators be took themselves to Montreal. They failed in a first attempt to seize him by concealing themselves in his house. The second plot was better laid. A Mr. Leary, of the police of Montreal, was asked to join in it, and affected to do so. Mr. Sanders was told that a magistrate wished to see him, entered into a cab, gagged, bound, and driven off towards the fron tier. But Mr. Leary had warned the police, and they were on the alert; the carriage was stopped, the victim released, and two of the chief con spirators captured. It is said that the prisoners assert that they acted under orders ; but they are repudiated by the Government they served. Nor do we doubt the bona fides of that repudiation, so far as it goes. We do not for a moment suppose that the President or any of his Ministers gave orders to kidnap Mr. Sanders. But neither we nor any reasonable man can honestly affect to doubt that the President intended that he should be kidnapped, when he offered such a price for his " arrest. We need not waste comment on a crime of this kind. Its failure covers it with an aspect of ridicule most convenient to the principal offenders ; but we must not forget that it was ex pected to succeed ; that its purpose was to capture by force a foreigner resident upon British protection in a British city, and consign him to a Federal gallows ; this was precisely the course pursued towards the Dac d'Enghien, and that through the territory violated in that instance was that of a small German Prince, not of a first-class Power, the atrocity of such a violation of neutral rights and independent sovereignty provoked the indignant hostility of Europe. President Johnson has been fortunate in the failure of this reckless enterprise. The habitual lawlessness of his nation, its profound contempt for all rights but its own, and the im punity which followed the glaring offences of his predecessor, have blinded Mr. Johnson to the danger of exasperating his neighbours into war by outrages intended only to gratify the passions of his country men. Had he succeeded in obtaining possession of Mr. Sanders, he would have foundfor the first time that there 'is a limit to English patience with American trespasses ; that there are insults which no minister can condone, satisfaction for which is exacted by the unanimous voice and united force of an indignant nation.. He must have hanged his prisoner at the risk of war, or restored him with the certainty of humiliation. Failure has saved him from a different dilemma, but it ought not to save his Government from the disgust. and anger of all honest Englishmen, not to close our eyes to the character of a people among whom such enterprises are thought neither too base to command the aid of numbers, nor too lawless to be prompted and re warded by the Government. Rochdale Agricultural Society. SERIOUS ACCIDENT AT THE SHOW YARD. The 11th annual show in connection with the Whit worth and Rochdale Agricultural Society was held yester day, on Mr. A. H. Royds's grounds, at Falinge. The weather being fine, the attendance of visitors was very nu merous, and the exhibition proved far superior to any pre vious years. The entries numbered a total of 1,005, indicat ing an excess of 200 over 1864. The quality of the animals showed a creditable improvement. Cattle comprised a rare selection, and included some of the best blood in England. Mr. R. Eastwood's Barmpton Butterfly, purchased from Col. Townley's stock, almost attained the acme of perfection. The cup winner, for the best animal in the show yard, Mr. A. D ugdale, possessed a superior animal in the Kent Cherry, one of the finest cows exhibited for some time. She has taken the palm at the York shire Society's show, and every other place where her rare qualities have defied com petition. Mr. Jonathan Peel exhibited two very prime bulls. Lady Pigott's light roan heifer was a fair speci men, but her ladyship was fairly excelled in respect to some other animals she had sent to the show ground. Horses included excellent specimens of good breeding ; cart horses were thst-rate. Of pigs, the greater num ber was shown by cottagers, and in these a decided improvement was obseried upon the animals shown dur ing the last three years, though they were still wanting in good blood. Shep were scanty. Poultry and dogs were an improned show. As the weather continued fine the number of visitors rapidly increased, so that at foUr o'clock the grand stand, commanding a view of the leap ing by hunters, was filled with spectators. Here during the afternoon an alarming accident occurred. While the ponies were being shown a crash was heard, followed by a continuous cracking, and then the central portion of the grand stand fell, with 230 spectators. It was a marvel that no fatal injuries were inflicted, considering that the height from which some persons fell was no less thau 20ft. There were several ladies among the spectators, many of whom were hurt. Nearly all were shaken, some severely, about six were rather seriously hurt. One lady, Mrs. Whitworth, residing in Whitworth-road, Rochdale, sustained injury of a serious character to her back, and had ono leg much hurt. She and the other injured ladies were promptly attended to by several surgeons, who were on the show ground at the time of the accident. But the result of the accident was far lass serious than the nature of it led some to suppose. To say the least of it, the stand had been slightly constructed, and was dangerous, beyond a doubt. That portion which gave way consisted of nine tiers of deal seats, which were placed upon and supported b y three rafters. These rafters were secured at the top by a bolt to an upright, while the lower ends rested upon a small lin. wooden prop, which had only the ground to rest upon. The rafters were of spruce deal, only 3in. thick by 11 wide, and it was owing to the heavy pressure above and the slight support beneath that these beams snapped in the midst, and let the spectators and their seats drop in the perilous confusion.—Manchester Guardian. COUNTRY MARKETS BIRMINGHAM—TuunsnAY. At this day's market there was a considerable supply of wheat, for which high prices were asked, but not more than 2s. advance was realised upon that sold. On all spring corn the turn was in favour of the seller. Currencies :—English wheat, white, 45s to 508 ; red, 39s to 48s per 36 stone. Malting barley, 30s to 35s ; grinding, 22s to 25s per qr. Oats, 24s to 308 ; Irish, 21s to 24s per 30 stone. Beans, 42s to 45s ; and peas, 40s to 42s per qr. BRISTOL-THURSDAY. On our market to-day English wheat, both old and new, was in short supply, and sold freely at an advance of Is. per qr. Foreign fully as dear, but with less activity than a few days since. Malting barley inquired for, and 2s. to 3s. per qr. dearer. Grinding sold freely, at an improve ment of 3d. to 6d. per qr. Oats very scarce, and 6d. per qr. dearer ; new tawny and black sold at 21s. 6d. per 304 lb. Maize and beans against buyers, with a better demand. MANCHES TER--ThunsDAY. Our market this morning was pretty well attended. English wheat was in fair request, at an advance of I.s. to ls. 6d. per qr., while foreign must be quoted 2d. to 3d. per cental. higher. Flour_ was held for rather more money, tut, as there was but._ little demand, we do not raise our quotations. Oats ruled steady. Oatmeal was scarce, and brought is. per load over late rates. Beans were is. per qr. dearer. In Indian corn there was no material change. Towards the close of the market the weather became wet. BURY ST. EDMUND'S-WEDNESDAY. The supply of wheat at this market to-day was good'; most of it was new, and in bad condition. The few samples which were of any use to millers for immediate consumption realised an advance of I.s. to 2s. per qr. on last week's prices. Old wheat fully maintained its value. Talavera wheat, 45s to 50s; red ditto, 38s to 425; barley,. 30s to 32s ; secondary ditto, 27s to 29s per qr. Averages :—Wheat, 433 k qrs, 44s 6d; barley, 20 qrs., 30s Od ; oats, qrs, —s Od. EDINBURGH—WEDNESDAY. At to-day's market supplies were fair. Wheat sold at about last week's prices. Average prices. Wheat, 44s 6d I Oats, 25810 d Barley, 3ls od j Beans . 42s 6d Wheat on the top, Os 6d up average, Os 11d up. Barley on the top, 1s Od up average, 2s 9d up. Oats on the top, Os 9d down average, Os 9d up. Beans on the top, is Od up.... average, 18 Od up. Total supply and sales. Wheat 1361 qrs sold 1013 Barley lB5 qrs sold 149 Oats 989 qrs sold 796 Beans ll3 qrs sold 78 Town-made flour sells as follows:—White, 39s Od; extra superfine, 37s Od ; superfine, 358 od.; fine, 33s Od. IGLASGOW—WEDhmsDAY. This day's market was well attended. Wheat and flour wore held at last week's rates, without leading to much business. Other articles without material change. Births. BEAUMONT.—On the 22d inst., at Mallon, Yorkshire, the wife of Lieutenant-Colonel Godfrey Beaumont, Scots Fusilier Guards, of a son. CATHIE.—On the 24th inst., at 2, Merrow-street, Walworth, Mrs. Edward Cathie, of a son. DEANS.—On the 23d inst., at Tunbridge-well s , the wife of W. H. Deane, Esq., of a son. HEFFER.—On the 22d inst., at Augusta House, Worthing Mrs. Henry Hoffer, of twin d aug ht ers, stillborn. Marriages. FOWLER—Mum—On the 22d inst., at St. Martin's, Lei cester, J. Bennett Fowl er , E sq., of London, solicitor, to Harriet, eldest daughter of the late William Miall, Esq., of London. RAMSDEN — HENNIKER.—On the 22d inst., at Thornham. Magna, Suffolk, the Rev. Frederick John Ramsden, rector of Uffington, Lincolnshire, to Anna Cassandra, youngest daughter of the late Rear-Admiral the Hon. M. Henniker. Deaths. BARRES.—On the 23d inst., at his residence, Windham Villa, Campden-hill, Henry Des Barres, Esq., late of the 87th Regiment, aged 68. FINCH.-6n the 24th inst., at Tudor House, Blackheath park, Sarah, the beloved wife of F. Cotton Finch, Esq./ aged 47. HEARN.—On the 22d inst., at Buckingham, Thomas Hearn, Esq., aged 84. MArrLAND.—On the 22d inst., at Sudbury, Suffolk, Joseph Maitland, Esq., late of the Hon. East India Company's Service, aged 81. TURNER.—On the 22d inst., at Holt, Wilts, the Rev. Chas. Turner, incumbent, aged 78. VOULES.—On the 24th inst., at Castle Hill Windsor, Chas• S. Voules, aged 58. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDRANTE , of No. 112, Strand, Muter, at TI(Z Sun Office, No lt2, Strand, in the Precinct of the Psroy, in tbs. County of Nu t ikgez,—Friday,August 25, Isa. ~--