The Sun. — London, England, 1866-03-17 00:00:00

iii'ERIAL PARLIAMENT HOUSE OF LORDS—LAST EVENING. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. PRIVATE BUSINESS. The Putney and Fulham New Bridge Bill was read a second time. The following bills were read a third time and passed —Ventnor Gas and Water, Weaver River Navigation, Talacre Pier and Harbour, Dublin and Kingston Railway, and Hornsey Gas. MANAGEMENT OF RAILWAY AND OTHER PUBLIC COMPANIES. Lord PEDESDALE gave notice that on an early day next week he would move that the house should go into committee to consider the subject of the management of railway and other public companies, with a view to remedy the existing defects of the present system, which were admitted. THE STATE OF IRELAND. O Earl GREY moved that the house should, n Tuesday le next, resolve itself into a com mittee of the . d. w h house to c onsider the present state of Ireland, an rall o v the atten tion of the house to the unfortnnate political position of Ireland, and said that it was of that doscription that ren dered its consideration imperative. The subject o Ireland could no be ignored by Parliament. H e contended that it should be taken up immediately. There was no doubt that the country had been relieved f ro m the excessive pressure of population by the means o f emigration, but it was equally a matter of fact that the remaining population was not in a position with regard to house accommodation and the comforts of life to which; as civilised beings, they were entitled. (Hear, hear.) He adverted to the feeling that was displayed by Irishmen when they emigrated, which was one of bitter hostility to 'this country, and he traced the existence of that feeling to improper legislation by this country. He illustrated his position by a reference to tho Fenian movement growing out of the disaffection of the Irish population to this country, and he said that so long as that disaffection existed it would ex necessitate prevent the influx of capital into Ireland, and consequently prevent the development of the resources of that country. He could not call on the house to de cide on the principle involved in his motion that evening, but he did not wish to disguise the fact that the series of resolutions which he proposed to introduce would impugn the policy pursued by this country towards Ireland. The penal code, although abolished, still rankled in the national mind in Ireland, and although good practical measures had been passed with a view to ameliorate the condition of Ireland, there could be no doubt that the state of political feeling was hostile to this country. He would ask their lordships if that state of things was not to be attributed to misgovernment ? There was no fiscal pressure in Ireland that would retard its material development, and therefore its present condition must necessarily result from political causes. He contended that there was no reason why Ireland should not be a flourishing commercial country without being rendered entirly dependent on agriculture. Having entered at length upon the state of the country and the people, which he argued was in general deplorable, and a disgrace to a civi lised country, the noble earl read a series of 12 resolutions embodying his views on the Irish difficulty. Lord DUFFERIN called upon the house to negative the motion of the noble earl, on the ground mainly of the in convenience of deciding whether or not they would go into committee upon resolutions with which they would have neither time nor opportunity to make themselves acquainted. He did not deny the existence of distress in Ireland, but he contended it was not to be remedied by exceptional legislation at the present moment, although no doubt Par liament could do much when the different subjects of com plaint were separately brought before its notice. Advert ing to the various topics referred to as grievances, the noble lord said, with regard to the Established Church, that he did not believe it to be the special annoyance or the chief source of Irish disaffection, which was rather to be traced to the state of the land tenure, and the manner in which the people clung to their holdings where small farms were no longer suitable to the circumstances of the times, and absolutely checked the progress of agricultural improve ment by retarding the application of capital to the culture of the land. As long as the small farm system existed it would be impossible to apply any satisfactory remedy, al though even now it was possible greatly to improve the land. With reference to emigration, he did not believe that the causes which had led to that would bo removed by any legislation. Ireland had a thousand sources of unde veloped wealth, but as long as a feeling of general insecu rity prevailed, it would be useless to hope for the introduc tion of English capital andmanufacturing enterprise. Even now, however, amid all drawbacks, she enjoyed a consi derable amount of prosperity, as showed by the returns of the value of stock, the cultivation of flax, the rise in the value of labour, and the savings of the people. Hos tility towards England was a national sentiment in Ire land, arising from the misgovernment of ages, and it could not be obliterated in a few years only. The debate was continued by the Archbishop of Armagh, who contended that a largo portion of the property of the Irish Church was given to it solely as a Protestant Insti tution ; by Lord Houghton, who expressed himself in favour of leases; by the Earl of Carnaryon, the Earl of Belmore, the Bishop of Derry, the Earl of Wicklow, and Earl Russell. Earl GREY replied, and eventually the resolutions were negatived without a division. Their lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS—LAST EVENING. Mr. DODSON (deputy-Speaker) took the chair at four o'clock. PRIVATE BUSINESS. The following bills were read a third time and passed : —Afon Valley Railway, Bodmin Water, Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (Blackburn and Padiham), Neath and Brecon Railway (Capital), New Milford Docks, West Mid dlesex Water, and Whitby, Redcar, and Middlesborough Union Railway. LONDON GAS BILL. Mr. CRAWFORD moved that this bill be committed to the select committee on the London Corporation (City) Gas Bill.—Agreed to. FLOGGING IN THE ARMY. Mr. TAYLOR moved for returns of the number of men flogged in the army and militia of Great Britain and Ire land in the years 1863, 1864 , and 1865 respectively, specify ing the offence, the regiment, the place of station, whether at home, in India, or the colonies, the sentence, and the number of lashes inflicted on each person ; and of the num ber of men marked with the letter Dor with the letters B C during the same years. The return was ordered. METROPOLITAN IMPROVEMENTS. Mr. COWPER gave notice that on Monday he should move that tho Thames Embankment Approaches Bill and the Park-lane ImproTement Bill be referred to a selec t committee of 12 members. THE WAR IN CHILI. Mr. H. SELWIN asked the Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs 'whether any communication had been made by the Foreign-office to the representatives in this country of the Spanish Government, as well as to those of Chili and Peru, with reference to any vessels of war which their respective Governments might be building in English yards ; and further what replies, if any, had been received ? Mr. LAYARD said her Majesty's Government had been in communication with the representatives of Spain, Chili, and Peru, and an assurance had been given that no ships of war that might be in England at that time would leave the tort during the existence of the war, and no such vessels had left. The Chilian Minister had further in formed the Government that no attempt would be made on the part of his Government to secretly arrange the de parture of any vessel of war ; on the contrary, it was the desire of the Chilian Government to conform in all re spects to the law of this country. THE CUSTOMS CLERKS. Mr. TREEBY asked the Secretary to the Treasury whether her Majesty's Treasury had decided upon a re vised classification for the London and outport clerks of customs ; and, if so, whether any and what steps had been taken for the amelioration of the condition of the lower class of her Majesty's collectors of customs at the out- Ports ? I,lr. CHILDERS said he had informed the house the other evening of the revision of the classification of clerks in the Customsa arrangement s stationed in London and the outports. The stated, but that respect to those in London he had had not of the arrangements relating to the outports referr ed to by tli, honourable been completed. The officers proportion gentlemen would be treated as clerks. What til e.: - would be made for that class, and what would be th e u ct ot of the change on the salaries present say. of thoso persons, he could, MARCH OF Itus a s t i mare Under Secretary of Sir IL ItAWLINSON askett TROOPS. State for Foreign Affairs if her received any information of the marcf,7°v:nraeut had under General Tchernaief from Tashkend L t , —uabian force Bokhara ; and, if so, what was the avowed object of su p :h a an "Peal- tion ? 31r. LAYARD said rumours had reached her m a i., t Government of the march of Russian troops towards Bokhara, but he was not in a position to inform the house s what was the object of such a step. The Russian Gov ern _ meet, however, had given the most solemn aqsurances that there was no desire to advance their frontier beyond Bokbara TREATMENT OF CADETS. Lord E. CECIL rose to more that an humble address be presented to her Majesty, praying that she will be graciously pleased to appoint a Royal Commission, consist ing of military and civilian members, to inquire into the present constitution, system of education and dis cipline of the Royal Military Academy at Wool wich, and of the Royal Military College at Sandhurst, as well as into the general treatment of the gentlemen cadets, as also into the rules and regulations under whic h candi datestoo h t are admitted into these colleges. The, noble lord the' opportunity of stating the stringent regu lations under which cadets were treated at Woolwich, and stated that, in some instances, cadets were actually .'THE SON, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENZG, MARCH 17, 1866. to 6,250,000, and the latter to 14,250,000 --...---..—..--...-----=-0.------_-- _ showing an increase of wealth of about 130 ced better treated than the young were qualifyi'D‘ag_ bdeolrlaredv.s; themselves for commissions in the Royal Artillery cent. in men who I see the increase of population has been very ten years. and do other menial operations. The mode of exaca Engineers. They were made to brush their o wn . c . lo i t aL n h a e_a" , per tion was most objectionable, because they were in many steady d • l's them ; i d ur ing the last instances asked questions which it was impossible ..sixty years. It has never to answer. He had taken the trouble to submit some i been less than 32f per cent. increase in any ten of the mathematical questions to a first- . rate nd schciar i t r years of that period, and it has not exceeded 35f and he had informed him that k itN calculations su . which un o i :lr . per cent. increase during a similar period of that to call upon young men to m ake There is no doubt that during the last five the most practised and . clever . mathematician could. time. work out. The only article of which there seemed to bu snabundance of was professors— (hear, hear)—as he an there was one professor to every fouryears the • increase of population in America has been checked by the war. There have probably cad 'ets. 1 been from 500,000 to 750,000 killed during that (Laughter.) In our public schools generally 0 aere 1 period, and of course emigration to some extent has was one tutor to ev er y twent y -five scholars, v f hu e , 1 been checked on account of the disorganised state of t. a t Eton and Harrow he belie v ed there was a mast er a 1 the country. You will be surprised, however, when eve ry 22 boys. The food supplied to the cadets was botl li li m ited in quantity and bad in quality, and there were °the r I tell you that the war has not made much difference matters which made it of the utmost importance that tt to in the stream of emigration that is constantly flow commission which he asked for should be granted. ing into the States, and still more surprised, when Col. S. KNOX said he agreed in a great many of the I remark that it is probable that the extra flow of observations of the noble lord, but he could not thin. k a I emigration during the next four years will most young soldier was any the worse for a little roughing. He likely more than make up the losses of the war and saw several gentlemen around who at Eaton brushed. - their check of emigration during its progress ; and that own and other people's shoes, and yet they made jus t as good members of that house as others which had not had it is more than likely that when the census of 1870 to do so. is taken it will show a greater increase of population Mr. ACLAND said the subject of military education during the present ten years than during any other was one of the highest importance, and he hoped the noble decade of the country's history. It is interesting to marquis, who now stood at the head of the War Depart- notice the regular increase of emigration to meat, would thoroughly sift the whole matter to the America durin g the last forty years. For in bottom, in order that that which was objection a b le stance : should be removed, and that young gentlemen qualifying for commissions in the army should be treated with that consideration which they had a right to expect. Sir J. FERGUSON did not think it was necessary that cadets should go through the drill and private duties of private soldiers. He thought that the cadet should be treated in a manner likely to make him become a well disciplined and efficient officer. The Marquis of HARTINGTON stated that:the system of education and discipline both at Woolwich and Sand hurst had been altered and modified in accordance with a report of the Royal commission which was appointed whilst Lord Panmure was at the War-office. Captain VIVIAN said the question they were discuss ing was a most important one, and it could only satisfac torily be decided by the agency of a royal commission. The house then divided. The numbers were — For the amendment 132 Against Majority --20 FENIAN PRISONERS. Mr. BLAKE called attention to the alleged severe re strictions to which the prisoners arrested under the sus pension of the Habeas Corpus Act were subjected in the gaol at Waterford, and inquired whether specific directions were given by the Government as to the treatment of those prisoners ; and if so, whether there would be any objection to state the nature of such directions, to which of the prison authorities they were transmitted, and through what medium ? The ATTORNEY-GENERAL for IRELAND said that, from the reports which he had received, the prisoners referred to had not been treated in any way but to the ex tent that was necessary to insure their safe custody. They were not, he could assure the house, in any way subjected to severe restrictions. The reports which had been circulated, and on which the hon.member had founded his statement, could only have been made for the purposes of the persons originating them. After a few words from Mr. MAGUIRE, who com plained of the treatment of the prisoners in the gaol of Cork, The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that in that case a full inquiry should made into the matter. The subject then dropped. Mr. WHITESIDE drew attention to some statements made in a morning journal reflecting upon the administra tion of justice in the county of Monaghan by the High Sheriff, and offered explanations of the disturbances which took place at Castleblayney on the occasion of the election for that place on the 22d of July last. After a long discussion, in which the Irish members mainly took part, The SOLICITOR-GENERAL for IRELAND made a very full statement in vindication of the functionary whose conduct was impugned. The subject then dropped. Mr. WIIALLEY called attention to the report of the committee on turnpike trusts, 1864, in which they stated that " tolls aro unequal in pressure, costly in collection, inconvenient to the public, and injurious as causing a serious impediment to intercourse and traffic, and that the abolition thereof would be beneficial to the community ;" and asked what steps the Government intended to take to give effect to the said report ? Mr. BARING, in reply, said that all roads must be paid for in some way, and that many of the lines of way alluded to were guaranteed by special Acts of Parliament. The Government did not, at present, intend to take any steps in the direction towards which the hon. member pointed. A very desultory discussion ensued, and the topic ulti mately dropped. The house then went into committee on the Navy Esti mates. Having agreed to the vote for new works, a short discussion took place on the vote for half-pay and the new system of retireineet. Ultimately the vote was postponed. The committee then proceeded with the Army Estimates, and the discussion of a few items occupied nearly the whole of the remainder of the sitting. The house then resumed. On the motion for the consideration of the Parliamentary Oaths Amendment Bill, Mr. NEWDEGATE made a short speech announcing his intention on the third reading of moving the re-com mittal of the bill. The remaining orders were run through rapidly, and the house adjourned. Persons Emigrated. From 1820 to 1830 these were 0n1y... 244,490 17 1830 to 1840 ~ ... 552,000 71 1840 to 1850 ?? ... 1,558,300 1850 to 1860 77 ... 2,707,624 Total in 40 years 5,062,414 —giving a yearly average, over the forty years, of 126,560 persons ; but taking the last ten years, from 1850 to 1860, the yearly average was 270,762 per sons. The Resources of America. The following is the substance of a speech deli vered by Handel Cosham, Esq., before the Stroud Institute : EXTENT OF TERRITORY. Let me ask you to think of the vast extent of that territory that is now under the control and govern ment of the United States. It may be roundly stated as about three millions of square miles, or nearly 2,000 millions of acres. Of this vast area somewhere between one-third and one-fourth has yet to be allotted. This unallotted land is in the hands of the Government, and is granted at a mere nominal charge to all citizens of America in lots of 160 acres, or a quarter of a square mile. Provision, however, is made that parties shall not claim or ho ld large tracts of this unoccupied territory to the ex clusion of others, by making it necessary that the person claiming a section of this unoccupied territory shall also reside upon it. The charge for this land does not usually amount to more than one dollar or one and a-half dollars per acre. Now it must not be overlooked that this mode of allotting the soil of America is sure to attach to that country its popu lation and people. There is nothing that so attaches a people to any country as an interest in the soil. Here you have one secret of all the development of patriotism that America has displayed during the last four years. on the public debt to meet the current expenses of 'the country ; and owing to the economy with which the Government of the United States is conducted it is probable that quite half this amount will be de voted to lessening the public debt. You have heard people here talk of the Americans " repudiat ing " their debt. Don't believe such nonsense. I found nowhere a desire to repudiate the debt. They will repay the money they borrowed among them selves. America has never repudiated a debt. The State of Mississppi once repudiated a state debt, under the instigation of Jeff. Davis—(laughter)— but the American people never repudiated a shilling, and never will. Every man feels that the Govern ment represents him, and that he is a part of it. What it does he does ; what it incurs he incurs. lie feels a pride to pay his liability. (Cheers.) Although four years ago they were the lit taxed people in the world, and are now the most heavily taxed, they are almost impatient to have more taxes put on that the debt may be speedily paid. CLIMATE AND PRODUCTIONS. There is another point to be considered in esti mating the resources of America namely, the wonderful variety of climate and productive power of the country. America has such a variety of natural productions that she could live within her self, even if shut out from all the rest of the world. Over an area so vast that it stretches one-eighth of the distance round the globe, it is natural to expect that the climate will vary in different parts ; and hence we find that while the South produces cotton, sugar, and fruits in abundance, the Central States can grow corn and wheat to almost any extent ; and while the North can produce timber, metals, and other necessaries, it is manifest that a country with such resources must progress. I see that good tea is now being grown in the State of Georgia ; and the fact is, the climate and variety of soil in America will enable them to produce almost every thing they need. I have already remarked upon its great corn and meat-producing districts. In our present scarcity of meat it may be interesting to know that in the Western States they produce millions of hogs. They have the most scientific way of killing and packing them that ever I saw, and it is all done by machinery. They kill four hogs a minute, and within twenty minutes from the time you first hear the pig express his displeasure at what is going to happen, he is killed, cut up, salted, packed, and on his way to Europe. (Laughter.) It is also worthy of note that though America is a vast continent, and has all the advantages of a variety of climate and an endless variety of natural productions, yet she also has the great advantage of isolation and separation from all the complications of foreign entanglements. You will not fail to have noticed that most of our wars, and the great est portion of our national debt, have been incurred, not in defending our shores from invasion, not in struggles to preserve our national existence, but in foreign entanglements, with which, in the main, we have had nothing to do. America, free from all these alliances which have caused us the expenditure of so much blood and treasure, is able to follow out the teaching of her great Father and Founder— " Commercial treaties with all ; entangling alliances with none "—and with the exception of some little difficulty with the French Emperor relative to Mexico, which, I have no doubt, Napoleon will get over with his usual good sense, by withdrawing his troops ; and also with the exception of some little controversy relative to Canada, they are free from foreign complications and engagements. This is an important point to notice in estimating the re sources of any country, and I beg you to remember it in estimating the resources of the United States of America. they build in every village. To my mind it was a blessed sight to see in those woods, wilds, and prairies, in every spot where the industry of man had built a few log huts, the little church, with its neat spire pointing to the skies, and directing man's thoughts up to the source of all good. And remem ber all the churches built in America are the out growth of Christian willinghood. They are not the result of State machinery, not the production of State pay ; they are evidences of the love of the peo ple to religious worship, and the desire to spread the influence of Christian truth. From New England, as a centre, there has radiated the light of the Gos pel, and the blessed influence of the Bib'-e. May blessings, rich, abundant, and abiding, fall upon the heads of a people thus trying to permeate a new country, and a vast continent, with Christian in fluences. (Cheers.) From all these considerations I have come back to England under the conviction that the resources of America point to a great future for that country. It is rich in the possession of ma terial, intellectual, and moral greatness. Its past history has been glorious ; its future shall be yet brighter and fairer. If it has contrived to exist and grow under the curse and blight of slavery, how will it expand and flourish under the more genial sun shine of universal freedom ? And I have come back, tco, with the conviction deepened, that the civilisa tion and progress of our race is not going to be stopped at the New World. I believe that there a higher form of self-government will be reached, a nobler type of civilisation will be attained, and a purer and more apostolic system of religious teach ing will be developed to bless the world than we have yet seen. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. WARWICK SPRING RACES-FRIDAY. A Handicap Hurdle Race of 5 sovs each, 1 ft, with 30 added. One mile and a half, over four flights of hurdles. 16 subs. Mr. Barber's Cutler, aged, 9st (Thorpe) 1 Mr. Barber's Cutaway, 5 yrs, lOst 41b (W. Walters) 2 Lord Poulett's Wild Thyme, 5 yrs, 9st ilb (J. Pago) 3 The following also ran :—Charming Woman, Teddy, Gamecock, Threadbare, and Corsica. Mr. Barber declared to win with Cutler. Betting-2 to 1 agst Wild Thyme, 2to 1 agst Mr. Bar ber's two coupled, 4 to 1 agst Gamecock, 5 to 1 agst Thread bare. The Grand Military Gold Cup, value 100 guineas, added to a sweepstakes of 10 sovs each, h ft, with 100 added, 12st each ; winners extra ; officers not having ridden in a steeplechase or hurdle race allowed 51b. 20 subs. Captain Johnstono's Ironsides, 13st (includ. 141 b extra (Colonel Knox 1 Mr Stevenson's Glencairn, last (including 141 b extra (Mr Lawrence 2 Mr Wingfield's Lady Florence, 12st 101 b (inc 101 b ex (Captain Riddell 3 The following also ran :—Merrimac, g by Bolingbroke, Tommy, Shandos, Agnes, Victoria, and Vousden. Betting 2to 1 agst Merrimac, 4 to 1 agst the Boling broke g, 6 to 1 each agst Ironsides and Lady Florence, 100 to 3C each agst Tommy and Glencairn coupled. The Grand Military Hunters' Stakes, of 3 sovs each, with 75 added ; 12st each ; certain allowances. Three miles. 16 subs. Capt. Hon. It. Hare's Wizard, aged, 12st...(Capt. Smith 1 Captain Tempest's Rupert, aged, 12st (Owner 2 Mr Candy's Early Purl, aged, 12st (Owner 3 The following also ran :—Sambo, Sunbeam, Fra Diavola, The Buck, and Malvern Hill. Betting-7 to 2 agst Wizard, sto 1 agst Rupert, and 6 to 1 agst Sunbeam. _ _ A Selling Steeplechase of 3 sovs each, with 25 added, list 71b each ; winners extra ; selling allowances. Two miles. 7 subs. Colonel Knox's The Aggressor, (.£3O), lOst 71b (W. Reeves) 1 Mr Reginald Herbert's Corsica, 5 yrs (£3O), lOst 71b (Sadler) 2 Mr Bilham's Rochester, aged (X3O), lOst 31b (inc. 61b extra) (J. Land) 3 The following also ran : —Advent, Black Swan, and Medusa. Betting-5 to 2on The Aggressor, Bto 1 agst Corsica, and 10 to 1 apt any other. The Veteran Stakes of 10 sovs each, h ft, with 100 added ; 12st 71b each ; winners extra. Three miles. 15 subs. Mr Heneage's Lincoln, 13st (inc. 71b ex.) ...(Capt. Hare) 1 Captain Handley's Pallas Lass, 12st 71b (Colonel Knox) 4 2 Captain Machell's Acrobat, 13st 71b (inc. 141 b ex.) (Mr Lawrence) 3 Ace of Hearts and Loo also ran. Betting— 5 to 4 agst Acrobat, 2 to 1 agst Ace of Hearts, 100 to 30 agst Lincoln, 8 to 1 " bar three." CROXTON PARK RACES-FRIDAY. The Farmers' Plato of 50 sovs each, 20 to the second, and five to the third, for hunters; weight for age; certain penalties and allowances. Heats. Two miles. Mr George Wood's Woodwell Head, 6 yrs, 12st 51b (Owner) 1 2 Mr William Sill's Effie Deans, 6 yrs, 12st 21b (Owner) 2 2 Mr F. Vincent's Gentle Annie, 6 yrs, 12st 21b (Mr Watson) 3 5 Mr W. Rawlings' Gipsy, 4 yrs, 13st 31b (Owner) 4 3 Mr T. J. Burrows' Ambrose, 4 yrs, 13st 21b (Mr Burrows, jun.) 5 0 Messrs Hutton and Gill's Tixover, 5 yrs, 12st (Mr Laxton) 6 4 Mr W. Howard's Fairy, 5 yrs, list 111 b (Owner) 7dr Mr James Cooper's Cleopatra, 5 yrs, list 111 b (Mr R. Horspool) dis. Betting-2 to lon Ambrose, and sto 1 "bar one." After going about a mile Woodwell Head took up the running, was not again headed, and won in a canter by 10 lengths. Second Heat—Betting-2 to 1 on Woodwell Head, who had tho race in hand throughout and won, hard held, by four lengths. The Belvoir Castle Stakes of 10 sovs each, with 80 added for 3-yr-olds ; colts, Bst 101 b ; fillies, Bst 71b; with penal ties and allowances. One mile. 11 subs. Mr G. Craven's Caustic, Bst 61b (W. Goater, jun.) 1 Mr T. Parr's Lochiel, Bst 61b (Hopkins) 2 Sir F. Johnstone's Cranford, 9st 31b (inc 71b ex) (Parry) 3 Betting-6 to 4on Cranford, 2to 1 agst Caustic, and sto 1 ngst Lochiel. The Biddlesdon Coplow Stakes of 3 sovs each, with 50 added for hunters, 12st each; winners extra ; thorough breds, 71b extra; gentlemen riders. About two miles. 12 subs. Colonel Reeve's Haycock, aged, 12st 71b (inc. 71b extra) (Capt. Little) 1 Capt. Storer's Shadow (h b), 6 yrs, 12st (Owner) 2 Mr B. Martin's Ramsborough (h b), aged, 12st (11r • W. Coleman) 3 The following also ran :—Chance, The Abbot, Queen Mary, Mystery, and Jack's Alive. Betting-2 to 1 agst The Abbot, 4to 1 each agst Jack's Alive and Haycock, and 7 to 1 agst Chance. The Granby Handicap of 20 soya each, 10 ft, and 5 only if declared ; winner after the publication of the weights extra; gentlemen riders:; professionals Glb extra. About a mile and a half. 41 subs, of whom 30 paid 5 sous each. Mr W. G. Craven's Provisor, 4 yrs, lOst 91b (MrEdwards) 1 Mr Chaplin's Miss Harriette, 3 yrs, 9st 121 b (Mr W. Bevill) 2 Marquis of Hastings's Ackworth, 5 yrs, 12st 31b (Mr H. V. Wilkinson) 3 Moulsoy and Historian also ran. Betting-5 to 4 agst Moulsey, 7to 2 agst Ackworth, sto 1 agst Provisor, and 6 to 1 agst Miss Harriette. The Scurry Stakes of 5 sous each, with 25 added, for 2-yr. olds and upwards ; weight for ago, with selling allow• ances ; professional jockeys 71b extra. Half a mile. Mr W. Goodwin's Chip of tho Old Block, 5 yrs, 9st 91b (XSO) Captain Boyce's The Rantillian (late Irish Mail), 4 yrs, lOst 51b (£5O) (Mr G. S. Thompson) 2 Mr Fulke's Rejection, 4 years, 9st 111 b (car. lOst), (X5O) (Mr Edwards) 3 The following also ran :—lrandloy Cross, Madame Tag liafico, and Wilford. The Cup of 50 sovs in specie, added to a handicap sweep stakes of 20 sovs each, 10 ft, and 5 only if declared, for 3-yr-olds and upwards ; certain penalties ; gentlemen riders. Two miles. 19 subs., 14 of whom paid 5 sovs each. Mr Chaplin's Miss Harriette, 3 yrs, 9st 10Ib (Mr G. S. Thompson) 1 Marquis of Hastings's Ackworth, 5 yrs, 12st 71b (Mr. IT. N. Wilkinson) 2 Dean Swift also ran. The betting opened at even on Dean Swift, but closed at 5 to 4 agst Ackworth, 6 to 4 agst Miss Harriette, and 2 to 1 agst Dean Swift. The Waltham Plate of 50 sous, for hunters; weight for ago, with penalties and allowances. Throe miles. (10 subs.) Mr Robert Calder's Marksman, h b, 5 yrs, 13st 71b (in cluding 211bs extra) (Mr Edwards) 1 Mr Jas. Holiday's Owstwick, h b, 6 yrs 12st 81b (Mr Beville) 2 Col. Reeves's The Hack, aged, list 91b ...(Capt. Little) 3 Betting-100 to 30 agst Marksman. HORSES STRUCK OUT OF THEIR ENGAGE- MEN TS. March 8, at 9 a.m., Old Warden, out of Doncaster engagements. March 10, at 9 a.m., Garotter, out of Doncaster Steeplechase. March 10, at 6 30 p.m., Knave of Trumps, Church Militant, and Sinking Fund, out of War wick Hurdle Race and Doncaster Steeplechase. March 12, at 9 a.m., all Mr. Sutton's horses, ex cept Jezabel, out of Northampton engagements. March 12, at 9 a.m., Penarth out of The Great North of England Steeplechase at Doncaster. March 12, at 9 a.m., Gundrede and Arkansas, out of Doncaster Spring engagements. March 12, at 2 p.m., Lytham, out of Doncaster Spring engagements. March 13, at 1 25 p.m., Haphazard, out of War wick handicaps. NORTHAMPT Acceptances for Earl Spen , Plate Cour Age st lb' Gemma a 8 12 Troublesome a 8 8 Attaché Thalassius 4 8 4 Peon Lady Valentine Mr. Pitt 3 8 1 The Beadle Crytheia Reindeer L 7 12 Arbutus 5 7 10 Goldylocks Agatha Ethelred. Cedric Salliet Zisca )N MEETING. !o Plate. The New Spencer 3e, straight. Age st lb Molly Carew 5 7 4 Qui Viva Vespasian 3 7 4 Godinersham Jezabel Ozone 3 7 2 Black Duchess 4 6 13 Professor Anderson 3 6 13 Arabia William Pitt 3 6 10 Panacea 3 6 10 Caustic Isis 3 6 8 Sylph .3 6 5 Hawthorn 3 6 5 Hebe Mrs. Day AQUATICS. THE OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE BOAT RACE. PUTNEY, Friday, 1 o'clock... Both crews this morning rose at an early hour, and took the road across Putney-heath for their morning's walk, proceeding towards Kingston Bottom. After breakfasting they devoted them selves to the pursuits of home, with the exception of a straggler or two, who wandered about the town. Mr. C. B. Lawes, the Cam bridge stroke of last year, was down early to see his men, as also were several other old Uni versity hands. The appearance of the Cantabs in their boat on Thursday created quite a revulsion in their favour, and at the time of writing, although the Oxonians are a much bigger and firmer set of men, they are only the favourites at five and six to four, and we have no doubt these odds will be lowered before the race. The Oxford men left their hotel at a little after 12, and proceeded to their boat house ; the curious followed them thinking they were going out, but it was only to have their photo's taken by an artist, who experienced the usual difficulties of getting them into shape. The Cantabs remained at the Star till the flood was good, and then both crews shortly after one another took to their boats and proceeded up the course for a hard spin. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. late, and may lead to many a quarrel, but in this as well as in all that relates to Fenianism there is reason to believe that we may count on the friendli ness and courtesy of President Johnson's Govern ment. If it were not so, we should look upon the consequences of the change as likely to be trouble some, if not dangerous. THE ANGLO-AMERICAN TIMES. —As national journalists we endeavour to take impartial views of the public men and things of the present times. Our position is especially An9 l ° - American, so that every matter of general interest pertaining to both England and America may well be expected to come under review. We speak ei, English affairs fro m an A mer i can s t an d-point, ana of those of America as th e y a pp ear in England. By this means our readers will get a correct aspec t of every national question, and can the better form their own estimates of its merits. I t It has long been charged on the public speakers and writers of America that they are prone to in dulge in what is called the " spread-eagle" styl e ' Nor can we deny this charge, as illustrated la certain flagrant instances. The abuse is as readilY admitted and deprecated among well-balanc ed minds in America, as it can be in any other coun try. But we wish it to be distinctly understood that this sort of nonsense is by no means confined to American autho r s an d ora t ors . Even learn r , e "; dignified, solid old England is no exception. the truth of this we have abundant proofs ah around us. We need go no farther back than the description of the scene in the British Rouse of Commons, of Monday night last, on the occasion of the introduction of the new Reform Bill. Th e Telegraph of Tuesday opens the journalistic drama in true " spread-eagle" style. The Right Honour able Chancellor of the Exchequer is thus mad e to tread the Telegraphic boards: " Hushed in at tentive and respectful silence, and moved by a n , enthusiasm that grew with the expanding grow th of the speaker's arguments, the true and genuine Liberals of England hailed the birth of a bill des tined to develope amongst us blessings more diffu sive and prosperity more exuberant than hav e sprung from the great enactment which, thirty five years ago, conferred upon Lord John Eusse.!! a fame whereof last night some faint echo seemedstill to reverberate through the walls of St. Stephen't and recall the shades of those who have passed away The simple fact that Earl Russell was preser," and which could best have been stated in a 01 ', words, is thus heralded forth with a grand flourish of trumpets :—" And as if to live his old triumphs over again, and to gain vicarious fame from th e , eloquence of his successor, foremost amongs t t b audience was seen the well-known face of L ord Russell, eagerly watching the advancement of a po d ' policy which, more than one generation ago, he °, te;himself begun." The noble Earl is then represen as going through the startling operation of seei n g ghost It can scarcely be supposed that Lora . Russell contemplated the scene of yesterday with ell ! . strange memories and haunting voices of the patt With but little effort of the imagination he might "! have conjured up the stalwart form of t Charles Weatherall, springing to his feet he try conclusions w ith M r . Gladstone." T,' The idea of such a spirit with a " stalwart form, " springing to his feet," is absolutely overpowering) It was well that the vision was confined to r4h.`, Russell, in his quiet corner; for if the Chancellor of the Exchequer had seen it, in the heat and burden of hisspecch, there is no tellina what mighthave OP: pened. A portion of the people deeply interested _.l'; the Bill, who had come to hear Mr. Gladstone, a r e thus telegraphed to a wondering world :—" Th, er d were yesterday found humble listeners, who , u gathered at the door of Westminster Hall six o'clock in the morning, and who had wairc a t the livelong day in anticipation of getting a s e o f which would place them within earshot of one the greatest masters of Parliamentary eloquen ce that ever made the rafters of St. Stephen's ring Mr. Gladstone's figures of fact are next comPar t l e with figures of music :—" Ile has taught us, by as dexterity with which he manipulates figures easily and delicately as Thalberg fi nger s the 1 1 °',7 3 of a piano, to be critical and censorionsil'er cases where the inferior performance of a 1 1115-w e a artist would elicit from us rapturous apPl ans h o Did spread-eagle fancy ever go on a wilder flig t , The Government " blue-book" thus gets a " f irs o , rate notice" :—" One of the most important, ~,,h haustive, recondite, and accurate blue-books ww‘y,ii this century has seen was upon the 10th of gar.„,ud laid upon the table." The finishing touch—the gm flap finale of the outspread wings—is thus given.; h t " Among Mr. Gladstone's hearers of last rtlv, o there could scarcely have been an individual 'you failed to perceive with what grace and e cio the accomplished orator threw off the W on. of two hours of elaborate details and ,P h i s dere.c statistics, and soared to the height °L exquisite and noble peroration." We re exquisite peat, in conclusion, our admiration of abilities of the Chancellor of the Excheclai We honour him sincerely for what he has said done for the promotion of the rights of man. no after such fulsome adulations as those w resent quoted, let us hear no more, at least for the p about American "spread-eagleism." Even A rtein . e f Ward and Josh Billings must " pale thei r in. " fectual fires," and surrender the palm to our CO temporary the London Daily Telegraph. TIMES.—St. Patrick's Day is connected in all minds with a tendency to breaches of the peace. Irishmen have been accustomed to honour their pa tron Saint with a joyousness and exhilaration to which the more sober Saxon can seldom attain ; but they have also too often closed the day's rejoicing with blackened eyes and broken heads. Of late years the combative instincts of the people may have been weakened, but there is enough left of the old tradi tions belonging to St. Patrick's Day to make it an occasion for more than usual caution on the part of those who have to maintain public order. At the present time it is easy to understand that the Irish Government should be anxious to prevent any foolish disturbance. In so large and so ignorant a body as the Fenians there may be many who con sider a national anniversary the fittest time for a demonstration in favour of the Irish Republic, and, under the influence of a holiday and the ordinary ' mode of enjoying it, it might not be impossible that something like a riot mighttakeplace. The Fenians have, we believe, been talking of St. Patrick's Day as likely to see some wonderful doings. Little im portance, certainly, can be attached to such bra vado, as it is only what might be looked for from people who feel irritated and ashamed at the ease ,with which the Government has dis posed of their leaders. But preparation can do no harm, and it is satisfactory to know that if on this St. Patrick's Day any citizens of the Irish Re public think fit to assume their belligerent rights, they will not have the advantage of taking their enemy by surprise. The apprehensions which are probably groundless in Ireland have more reason on the other side of the Atlantic. The Fenians of America are nu merous and rich, and they have all that courage and resolution which is inspired by being at a dis tance of 3,000 milesfrom their principal antagonist. They have been haranguing and boasting for the last twelvemonth, and, to do the mass of them jus tice, they have been paying also. The leaders, on the other hand, h ave on l y b een spen di ng, for the Government of the Irish Republic is, in proportion to its actual dominion and resources, probably the most costly in the world. It is said that the Fenians of the States are tired of waiting, and are disposed to ask when the war Is going to begin . The " national creditor"—that is, the purchaser of either Roberts' bonds or O'Mahony's bonds—must look to the day of conquest and confiscation for the settlement of his claims, and if the Fenian securi ties are to find a market, the leaders must at least make a show of audacity. For a long time the American public has been particularly hard on the Fenians. They have been girded at, caricatured and taunted as Irishmen never were before in the United States. As often as they talk of " waiting for the fitting moment, or " taking advantage of England's first difficulty," there is a responsive laugh from the public which is very hard to bear. The suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act in Ire land has, of course, produced fresh excitement. At the latest dates the American Fenians knew of the sweeping arrests which the Government had made, but they were not quite aware how calmly the country had borne it. There seems to have been a genuine belief among them that some attempt at insurrection would be made on Irish soil. It may no doubt be that when they find Ireland not only tranquil but evidently relieved and contented at the vigour of the Executive, the American conspirators will abate their enthu siasm. But the first news of the imprisonment of their agents, following upon the taunts of the Americans and the seeming contempt of England, is said to have disposed them to commit some act of violence. They even proposed to wait on the Pre sident and endeavour to influence him in favour of their cause. Among the latest reports is that some of the more desperate among them meditated an outrage on the Canadian frontier. O'Mahony is said to have issued a circular telling the people to be prepared and to look out for secret orders. Of course the probability is that all this will come to nothing. Between making speeches about invading Canada and actually crossing the frontier in force there is a wide difference. At the Cooper Institute and elsewhere the Fenian leaders have by this time conquered Ireland and annexed Canada, to the de light of enthusiastic audiences. Whether their folly has gone so far as to order an outrage on the frontier may be doubted. But the evil of such machinations is that, while the leaders take care to keep them out of danger, there are hot-headed dupes who will carry out their suggestions, or desperadoes who will take advantage of them for the sake of plunder. The 17th of March has occurred to many as a day likely to be attended with some disturbance, and we are glad to believe that the Canadian Government has sufhcient force at its disposal to deal summarily with any band that might meditate either treason or robbery. This present St. Patrick's Day will also be remark able for another event, which might itself breed a quarrel not less troublesome than a Fenian out break in Ireland or a Fenian invasion of Canada. To-day the Reciprocity Treaty between the United States and British America comes to an end. For the sake of both countries, which it so much benefited during the six years which intervened between its adoption and the outbreak of the American war, we regret that the United States' Government have thought fit to abrogate it. But every nation is the best judge of its own affairs, and if the Go vernment of Washington is of opinion that the changed financial condition of the States requires that their commercial relations should be revised, we have no right to complain. It is fair, however, to remind the Americans that the termination of the Treaty is their work, not ours, and if any differences arise we have done our best to prevent them. Now, one of the rights which the Americans possess under the Treaty is that of fishing in British waters. The coast of British North America is one of the finest fishing- grounds in the world, and it will be in the memory of most of our readers how long and bitter were the dissensions between the adventurous New Englanders, who were continually trespassing, and the jealous Nova Scotians and Newfoundlanders, who were as constantly driving them off. The Re ciprocity Treaty put an end to those disputes by giving the American fishermen the right to come.into our waters in return for a much less valuable con cession on their part, and for 12 years they have followed their calling in peace. But now their rights come to an end. These people, who have been accustomed for so many years to a certain fishing ground, and who probably have come to look upon it as their own, must now be content to retire, or come into collision with the Canadian authorities. We believe a vessel of war will be placed on the coast for the purp o se o f see i ng t h at the rights which revert to the British Crown are not infringed, and also to prevent collisions between the fishermen of the Provinces and of the United States. The American fishermen will be duly warned, and after a fixed time the exclusion of their boats will be enforced. We trust they will understand that the restriction is caused by the act of their own Government, and that, if they suffer, their grievances can only be removed at Washing ton. Whenever the States think fit to conclude another treaty, American fishermen will recover their former rights. It is a difficult matter to regu, POPULATION. Let me next refer to the population of America, as illustrative of her resources. In 1860 there were 31,500,000 of people, of whom 27,000,000 were white, and 4,500,000 were coloured. Four millions of the latter were at that census returned as "slaves.'' Thanks to an over-ruling Providence, when the next census returns are made they will record the fact that ought to make the hearts of all Christians and humane men leap for joy that the flag of America now covers none but free men ; that hence forth her laws will protect all, irrespective of colour, and that over her halls of justice and Legislature will be inscribed " Liberty for all, justice for all, freedom for all." (Loud cheers.) EMIGRATION. I think it will be found that the average emigra tion for the ten years ending 1870 will be over 500,000 a-year. According to the best estimate that can be formed the population of America in 1870 will be 42i millions. In 1880 it will most likely be 56/ millions. In 1890 it will be 70 millions ; and soon after the close of this century, if the country continues to progress and prosper, it is probable that there will be 100 millions of people in the United States. In order to feel the magnitude and importance of these facts, let me ask you to remem ber that during the last fifty years France has in creaseda her population only 37 per cent., England lA n n d ra lr ee N ria r t a ci l arn es ai ;b i.ns ou gm t 121 per cent., while America, during the Ear , i , • _ . period, has increased nearly 500 per cent. aidto‘tilisthe . resources of a country like ost important that due regard should countries,increaseand d of population, because in all 'l3 fr e ee p under all enlight ene d Govern ments, an in crease population means an increase of wealth, becau se every man his country, labour in dustrious and economi ca l , more the ethn he i consumes - , h produces, if he is his so that his labour—or rather resulta —becomes an addition to the wealth of o Hence it is that we find that while in 1850 the wealth of America was assessed, for the purpose of taxation, at $7,250,000; in 1860 it was $16,250,000. It is only fair, however, that I should state that in 1850 the slaves were valued at one million, and in 1860 at two millions, so that the formes amount would EDUCATION. There is another point that must never be lost sight of in estimating the resources of a country, and that is the character and condition of the people, and therefore I shall ask your attention for a short time longer while I try to show you what is the con dition and character of the people of America at the present time. First, let me say, they are an edu cated people. No nation has ever yet reached the position they now occupy as to education, and the elementary training of the masses. Other nations may possess, as we do, halls of science and schools of learning, enriched by the lore and labour of past ages. These halls and schools have trained up men who have enriched the world with their know ledge, men of whom any country might be proud. But while, perhaps, as to individuals and the learn ing of the few, we can, no doubt, challenge the world, yet, as to the education of the masses, I stand here to assert that America stands very far in deed ahead of us. In the noble State of Massachu setts—a model State I admit on this point, but a type, after all, of what the educational system of America will yet do for the whole country—l say in the State of Massachusetts the last educational census shows that only one in every one thousand could not read and write. In America, what we, for the want of a better term, call the " working classes," are a reading, thinking, intelligent people. Almost every man there takes in his daily news paper. They all take an interest in politics. They all discuss with earnestness and keen shrewdness the public questions of the day, and thus the whole intelligence of the country is brought to bear upon political and public questions. This, in my opinion, is a great advantage, and tends largely to promote the growth and greatness of a country. INVENTIONS. The American people are also an inventive peo ple. Nearly all the new machines connected with agriculture, and other branches of industry, come over from America. It is from thence we get our reaping machines, mowing machines, milking ma chines, sewing machines, and the thousand and one inventions that are designed by Providence to lessen the drudgery of human labour, and wipe the sweat off human brows. No doubt necessity and the lack of labour have obliged the Americans to be more inventive than most countries ; but whatever the cause the fact remains clear and undoubted, that the American people are the most inventive people in the world ; and thus it is that every nation, as well as every individual, helps to benefit and bless all countries. The advantages of these inventions are not confined to America ; they reflect upon England, upon Europe, and upon the world. Let a useful machine be invented by any country, and it soon becomes the common property of every country; and thus we see that the whole arrangements of Providence are against monopoly and exclusion. The good of all, and the happiness of all, is stamped upon every feature of Divine Providence. The Ame ricans are also, as a whole, an industrious people. There is no country where people are more energetic and industrious than they are in America. RESPECT FOR LAW. In estimating the character of the American peo ple it is important to notice the fact that they are a law-abiding and law-respecting people. They axe not, as a rule, inclined to revolution or riot. The only section of the people that have ever appealed to brute force has been the pro-slavery party, and they appealed to force because they could not with any chance of success appeal to anything else. But that day has passed away, and a brighter and better day has dawned upon America. Henceforth, rela tive to all change that experience may suggest in the government of the country the appeal will be to reason, to the constitution, and to law. Did you not see even while the war was at its height how anxious the people of the North were that the world should see that all they did was in accordance with the laws and constitution of their country ? and how carefully they guarded, and how jealously they watched every infringement of their liberty? and how determined they were that the moment the war was over, the President and the Executive should give back to the people the powers with which they had been entrusted for the purpose of carrying on the war ? No country can grow, and no country can prosper, where there is not a desire on the part of the people to obey the laws, and to seek reform and improvement only in a constitu tional and legal way. RELIGION. The people of America are a religious people. I do not mean that every mau there is a Christian, but I mean that a religious tone and feeling pervades the whole of the people. Like Abraham, wherever they go, they erect an altar to God. The church and the school-house are amongst the first things RAILWAYS. Another -way at which I want you to look at the resources of America is in connection with the wonderful development of her railway system. I need hardly say that in a country so vast as the one about which I am speaking cheap and speedy tran sit is essential to its progress, and when I call your attention to the fact that in the ten years ending in 1860 the people of the United States constructed over 11,000 miles of railway, and that the receipts for traffic on their different railways increases at the rate of over $5,000,000, or say £1,000,000 sterling, every year, you will have some idea of the growth and probable future of America. In 1860 the receipts on all the railways in the United States was 31,250,000 dollars; in 1862 it had risen to nearly 45,000,000 dollars ; and I think it is probable that 1863 will show that the receipts have exceeded 60,000,000 dollars, or over £10,000,000 sterling. It is estimated in America that railway accommodation adds to the wealth of the country at least five times the amount received for traffic ; and if this estimate is correct, and I have no reason to doubt it, then the wealth of America must be increasing by means of railways alone some £5,000,000 or £6,000,000 sterling every year. The importance of railway communication to the progress of the country will be further seen when I tell you that the great food-producing States of the Union lie in the centre of the Northern States, and away from the seaboard of the two oceans that wash the shores of that continent on the east and west. There are eight great corn and meat pro ducing States namely, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, lowa, and Mis• souri. This vast area, with a climate and a soil suitable for the production of food for man or beast, contains an area of nearly 450,000 square miles, or about 300 millions of acres of as rich land as is to be found in any part of the world, much of it prairie land, only waiting for the industrious hand of man to cultivate it, and render it productive for the supply of human wants. Now, before the adoption of railways, this vast area was sealed and compara tively unproductive. It is now, however, being fast unlocked by railways, and, as a result, we find that in the ten years ending in 1860 the population of these eight states to which I have referred has in creased from 5} millions to 9 millions, or an increase of 31 millions in 10 years. I think it probable that the population of those eight States is now about 11 millions, and that by 1870 it will be 15 millions. As a result of this increase of population we find that in the ten years already referred to, from 1850 to 1860, some 25 million acres of land have been brought under cultivation, making about 52 million acres under cultivation in 1860 ; but still leaving some 248 millions of acres to be laid under tribute for the supply of human wants. The cereal crops of these States increased during the same period from about 300 million bushels to 560 million bushels ; and what is very important for the states man and economists of Europe to look at in connec tion with the productive power of the central and western districts of America is that this food can, by a good system of railway communication and ocean transit, be brought in one month from this granary of nature into the mouths of the people of Europe. I believe it will shortly be possible to take corn and other grains from the most remote portions of this district, and place it in our stores for about 50 cents, or half a dollar, a bushel —say 2s. a bushel corn can be grown in America for about 2s. or 2s. Gd. a bushel. MINERALS. But my sketch of American resources would be incomplete if I did not refer to the marvellous mineral wealth of the country. The metalliferous districts of the States are chiefly found on the Northern portion adjoining the British possessions and west of the Mississippi. In these districts are to be found every metal and mineral that man re quires for the accomplishment of the work which a gracious Providence has assigned him. Gold, silver, copper, lead, tin, sulphur, iron, and almost every other metalliferous and mineral substance is found here on a grand scale. In fact, the geological features of America are most interesting and impor tant. Everything there is on a grand scale. In England we have as many geological formations packed up in 300 miles as America has in 3,000, and hence the great variety of our scenery in so short a space. We get about as much variety of scenery in every 100 miles in England as you find in America in every 1,000 miles, on account, as I have said, of the extensive scale on which all the geological formations in America are laid out. The coal fields are on the same vast scale, as I have stated in one of my former addresses on America. Their coal-fields are equal to 150,000 square miles in extent, and if worked with equal skill to our own, they will last over 10,000 years. The annual value of the metal productions of the States is over 100,000,000 dollars, or £20,000,000 sterling. The coal now exceeds 10,000,000 tons annually, and the iron made is about 1,500,000 tons a year. My rapid sketch of the mineral resources of America would be incomplete if I did not refer to the wonderful oil regions of Pennsylvania, which are now producing over 100,000 barrels of oil every week, and are destined to be a source of almost in calculable wealth to the country. It is almost im possible to describe to those who have not seen it the rapid and wonderful rate at which this trade has developed in America. I saw districts where cities of 15,000 and 20,000 people had become " located" that six months before were uninhabited. There is enough oil in Pennsylvania alone to pay not only the in terest but the capital of the National Debt; and I believe that, properly worked, that oil will last for years, and perhaps for ages. Vast rivers intersect the country through the very heart of its mineral districts, and in them I think I can see a pathway for the future commerce of the , world. But all the mineral developments of America yet are as nothing compared with what they will be. The coal is hardly touched; the iron deposits have scarcely been looked at ; the gold regions of California are practically inexhaustible ; and all is yet waiting for capital, labour, and skill to utilise and develope for the benefit of the world. PUBLIC DEBT. I here give you a few figures to show the present financial position of the United States. In round numbers the debt is now 3,000 millions of dol lars, and the interest on this debt will amount to about 165 millions of dollars annually. The esti mated revenue of the country, ending June next, is about 400 millions of dollars. There will, therefore, L be 235 millions of dollars in excess of the interest COUNTRY MARKETS. LIVERPOOL.—FRIDAY. a n At e t , our e market ha v to-day there rt a v e w r a y s d o u n l l l y m a a r m k o e t d . e r e Littlea t t Ic e e se clone in wheat, and to make sales in quantity l oi Ter pri utr . would have had to be accepted. Flour flat and irreP Indian corn slow, at 28s to 28s 3d per 4801b0. DERBY—FRIDAY. r 96 New white wheat, 43s to 48s ; old red, 49 s to 525.P1n0 stone. Barley for malting, 38s to 40s per qr. ; go l ',; 80 to 27s to 28s per 30 stone. Oats, new, 22s to 28s; old, 463 32s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 47s to 50s; new, 4 4 6 to per 38 stone. WAKEFIL.—FRIDAY. Wheat generally held for last Friday's prices, but tr ade was very dull. Barley steady at late rates. 460 41c 1 ; Averages, March 12—Wheat, 2,806 qrs, at barley, 1,352 at 40s Old ; oats, 25, at 36s 2-1-d.• D.—FRIDAY. a 70 New white wheat, STAMFO 48s to R 50s ; red do , 46s to 48 s Ps' 360 stone. Barley, malting, 38s to 435; grinding, 34s 0,00 per qr. Oats, new, 24s to 28s ; old, 2 5 s to 278 per 210' Beans, 44s to 50s per 38 stone. Peas as of late. LINCOLN.—F I IDAY. 36 New white wheat, 51s to 56s ; new red, 43 s to 470 pe r din stone. Barley for malting, 36 s to 44s p er q r ; 0'1 33 to 32s to 34s per 30 stone. Oath aD , 248 to 325. Be -5, 51s per 38 stone. RISTOL SUGAR.—FRIDAY. A sal g The sales of the the week have been confined to a feNT r-- of 6 a of West India on the spot at prices showing a decline per cwt. COAL MARKET. Price per ton at the close of the market- g. cl. 18 0 8. d. Holywell Main l5 6 Kepier Grange ..•••••" 18 0 15 9 Caradoc ................ 9 9 W W r a Y l l l a s in End Gosforth 15 3 Hartlepool ............ 17 9 Harton Wharncliffe -., Braddyell's Hetton l7 3 Kelloe ................. .- 9 Walls End Haswell l9 0 Tees ... ................ ;8 8 Walls End Hetton Hetton Lyons l5 3N. Staffordshire ...... A' Ships at market, 61; sold, 40. us D e. LADVERTISEMENTI—HoIIoway's Pills. --- Nero ay rest bility.—Persons who feel weak, low, and nerir °lls e ristsu c ' assured some serious ailment is looming in th e tfolle" against which immediate action should be taken•__;-rgeti. way's pills present the ready means of exciting ef ile, 0 4 action on the liver, liberating the accumulated ,-1 ~ &ling l lifting at once a load front the spirits, and el ta etlte , poison from the body. This simple and rations pr esen t of remedying the first tendency to disease giv e 11 those ease and insures future safety. The pallid, au d ni t ieb ti re who are losing fie, should try these pills, w g .,,, c tio o especially useful when the digestion and other ii; cor rec i l are imperfectly performed, and demand imrsed.,l b e e' tion, or in after years neither mind nor boll wi' developed. ____-----------j wife of the Rev. J. Bere ß sf i o r r t d h , BERESFORD—On the lith inst, at 24, Belvedere, o'''a th ' tile —On the 16th inst.,at sofa l OA HARElace, London, wife of Sir I'. H aro, Esq., of a son. 4 t. TO' STUCKEY—On the 14th inst. at Baton-place W,a - •f P mi a ser, th O e n w t if il e e grave-square, the wife of at Stuclal, l' s(l. ' ° ofls 15th Capt. in s t G .,. a S. daughter. A SVe g ' WINDHAM .. n t of daughter. Marriages. GeOrg e. ' s ' BUCKLEY—STIRLING—On the 15th inst., at D I " fticklelf $ Hanover-square, ' Victor, youngest son a Geo.4 -- r i proe to Mary, eldest daughter of the late Admiral '-' Stirling. ~8 . 40 a4 SALT—CROSSLEY—On the 15th inst., at the Scillain., of Congregational Church, Halif qx, Titus Sl , ,3 J.utor .NWernihaalinac,eliTilerlrigade' Baildon Lodge, near Leds, to Catherine, eldest Wi ' of J. Crossley, E.,1., of Broomfield. Deaths. 1 t irto ll ASHNESS—On the 15th inst., R. A s hness, Egli ° f Latimer, Northamptonshire, aged 84. 1W Of the BIRD—On the IGth inst., Sarah Elizabeth, via' aged 90. late Wm. Bird, Esq., of 8, Clapham-road -place, o wi ,.. Br•NN— On the 15th inst., L. St. L. Bunn,_Bsq., °f-pleijorceS' cheater House, Old Broad-street, and of 4, ' of il l° road, Hampstead, aged 52. idOW L ANE —On the 15th iust. , at \Vali - 11er, Maria', w late Sir J. S. Lane, Bart. 0 NOrtil'. IA BEADER—On the 15th inst., J. R. Reader, Bsl., - f fleet College, aged 73. __---'' ----------- 0, London : Printed and Published by WIL LlAlki Og i i ,, T ; 1; of No. 112, Strand, Painter, at Viz Svii Oin ca r ' 0 - 4:6 ti °. Strand, in Of Precinct of the tis.voy. in the -'ll' ViddleSM—Saturday, IT —41'0117, IF6S. I 1 hI a; TO T' Incor the Georg t;dv r a Ri c h, Capta Danie rr Fran J, R. rail C bar: , Me; lieull the Th si are n( CO ] b tor tirch Ma ..._ A' Th ,o rnt Lona call le s; , be; sll J o h n S ~rjc C o l or L a] J. S. Bl] Th e ~ lan kegE n this th e e th • Iv eir ~ s anti th e Itt itio r) and 0 ti n t fa h e ial ;Le t P l ot 1 : 1 / (11: 11 ‘ ,et; l ' be I. u.. °l