The Sun. — London, England, 1848-10-18 00:00:00

I CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY. FINAL CALL of 21. 10s. PER SIIARE, making the total amount called 501. per Share. Z In pursuance of a Resolution orthe Board of Directors, Share -1 holders in this Company are required to pay, on or hefore Sexaa '," DAY, the 2! st of October next, a CALL of TWO POUNDS TEN - 1 SHILLINGS PER Sli UIE to either of the undermentioned ' a &liken; : London—Messrs. Glyn and Co., Lombard-street. 1 Liverpool—Liverpool Borough Bank. . Chester—Messrs. Dixons and Wardell. i;' 7 i Bangor—Messrs. Williams and Co. '7.`. Interest at the rate of Five per Cent. per Annum will be charged 7 all 411 Calls remaining unpaid on the said 21st October. 'i i By order, r A.NDR EIV G. GIFFOiID, Secretary. '^.:. il. Moorgate-street, London, September 28, 1148. THE ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION, REGENT-STREET. An entirely new Phantasmagoria, by Childe, is exhibited every Evening at Eight o'clock, witk appropriate Music, directed by Dr. Wallis.—The Dissolving Views, with historical descriptions. having been re-arranged and additions made, are shown at Half-past Four daily, and in the Evenings at a Quarter to Ten. The Chromatrope with new effects. The Microscope, at One o'clock daily. Popular Lectures by Dr. Ryan awl Dr. Bachhoffner.—Diver and Diving bell.—Working Models explained. Open daily from Eleven to Five , and In the Evenings (including Saturday) ftom Seven till Half-past Tea. Adraiision, Is.—Schools, half-price.—The New Catalogue, Is. AGENTS for the Sale of NICOLL'S PALETOT (Registered 6th and 7th Vict., cap. 65) ; also the PATENT AMTS rALETOT and PATENT POCKET PROTECTOR. Residents in various parts of the United Kingdom and the Colonies are, by letters, making zonstant inquiries where they can, In their neighbourhood, obtain the above popular articles of gentlemanly cos tume, also wishing to be furnished with directions for taking their own measurement; in one respect the object caw be easily carried out by public advertisement. as gentlemen have only to describe the number of inches they are round the chest and waist, but the names of all the Agents selling Nicoll's Paletots, &c , are too numerous to be thus published ; however, on application by letter to LI. J. and D. NI COLL, 114, 110, and 120, Regent-street, London, the address of the nearest shall be immediately forwarded. The following agents have a very large variety of the above goods always ready ter inspection, Maedona, Molesworth-street, Dublin ; Wareing and Son, New-street, Birmingham ; Daubara and Son, Bold-street, Li verpool ; Christie am' Son, George-street, Edinburgh ; J. Bruce, Cape Town ; C. Roth, Philadelphia; R. Rutherford, Hong-Kong ; D. Wil son and Co., Calcutta. THE BEST APERIENT and ANTIBILIOUS MEDICINE for general use is FRAMPTON'S PILL OF HEALTH, which effectually relieves the stomach and bowels by gentle relaxation, without griping or prostration of strength. They remove head-ache, sickness, dizziness, pains in the chest, &c., are highly grateful to the stomach, promote digestion, create appetite, re lieve langour and depression of spirits ; while to those of full habit and free livers, who are continually suffering from drowsiness, heavi ness, and singing in the head and ears, they offer advantages that will net fail to be appreciated. This medicince has frtr many years received the approval of the Meet respectable classes of society ; and in confirmation of its effi cacy, the following letter has been kindly forwarded to Mr. Prout, With permission to publish it, and if requisite, to refer any respect. able person to its author : " To Mr. Prout, 229, Strand, London. " Heavitree, Exeter, April 24, 1844. " Sta,—l feel pleasure in being able to bear my strong and unsoli cited testimony to the excellence of your • Frampton's Pill of Health,' which I consider a most safe, efficacious, and very superior ge neral medicine. The widow of an offl,:er, an elderly lady, and near relative of mine, has used them—very rarely having re course to any other medicine for a long period of years. She has recommended them extensively, and in one instance in Which she induced a person to adopt them, and supplied the first box herself, they have proved of extraordinary efficacy. I think that, perhaps, there is scarcely any other of the many patent medi cines before the public of equal value as a friend in need ;' certainly none possessed of superior claims. I shall be happy on all occasions to give them my individual recommendation; and am, Sir, " Your obedient servant, ..* it * *.. Sold by T. Front, 229, Strand, London. Price ls. I%cl. and 2s. 9d. per box. Also by the venders of medicines generally throughout the kingdom. Ask for FRAMPTON'S PILL of HEALTH, and observe the name and address of " Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, London," on the Go vernment Stamp. TAKE NOTICE.—This Establisl.meat will he Closed en Wednes day Evening, October 18, till Saturday Evening, October 21, at Five o'clock, when business will be resumed as usual. HIGH T R E A S O N. SUGGESTED BY THE IRISH STATE TRIALS. At a time like the present, we've very good reason Te say a few words with regard to High Treasoi ; For a subject like this is by no means too solemn For a matter of trade In a newspaper column. The only idea with E. MOSES and SON, Is to make such a topic a mercantile one. It is said that when persons excite revolution, As traitors, they owe a severe retribution. Bat here no allusion whatever is made .To what may be termed, revolution in trade. E. MOSES and SON, as you all must confess, Have caused a complete revolution in dress. And they've levied a war with the trade, as you know, But the war has been civil—remarkably so ; And MOSES and SON in the efforts they've made, Have endeavoured te make themselves monarchs in trade. Now, although in the State, this is viewed as High Treason, To apply it to trade is to speak without reason. The trial which MOSES aid SON have goes through, Proves them friends to the public in all that they do. Their prime Autumn dress, in its wide distribution, Will prove them mot foes to a good constitution. Aid thus has the subject of Treason been glade To serve Messrs. MOSES and SON in their trade. H. MOSES and SON invite especial attention to their Shooting coats, which pessess a peculiar cat and style, adding much comfort in the It. E. M. and I. are eenvinced they will be much approved el by the public. Shooting Coats, in a varietT of materials from Es. 64. to tls. The Doeskin, or Ehtstio Coat, fr0ra.....• • • .. 17a. Od. to 325. LIST OF PRICES. U.&DT WADE. Autumn and Winter Coats, in all the sew styles. • from £0 6 Chesterfield and Codrington's, aid every description of Over-coats, handsomely trimmed ••• • • • •••• • • • I 5 0 •• • • 0 15 0 Bulwer •• • • •••• • • • • I 6 0 !Shooting Ceats— •• • • • • • • ••••••• • • • • • • Autumn and Winter Trousers • ••.••••• • • • • .. 0 4 Doeskin ditto ••••..• • . • .. 0 12 6 Antnnan and Winter Tests ••• . . 0 2 0 Boys' Hussar and Ti • inits Suits.. ••• • • • ••••" " • • • • 16 6 /JADE TO so:Amu. Antamn and Winter Coats, in all the newest style from Li 6 0 Milled cloth Ceat ...... 2 E 0 Tweed Trousers . ............ 0 6 rweed Wrap, 3few Pa 0 18 0 tent Trousers, in all the approved styles ...... 0 16 6 Deeskii Treasers.......„ .......... 1 2 0 Dress Coats • •:: ........ 1 12 I Best quali ty Frock ie. • • • .. 11s o Zest quality ...... :• ••• • • • ...... . ..... 33 0 .7-Castmere Test ••••• • • • • • o 8 6 Satin, Plain er Fancy ................... .........0 12 0 Hussar and Tunic S u it s ••• • • • 5 /earning to any extent at Five Minutes no tice. k Suit ef Clothes complete for 11. 16 . tiE. MOSES and SON" beg te call the attention of Emigraits lot eir lew lists ef outfits, commencinx (including every neces sar y ) 758., lower if regaired. The li;t caa be had en application, or seat Post free. MOSES and SON invite especial atten tion to an tet d iq h u ei n rp u :re e sent Steck of juvenile_ attire. The designs are ele g ant aid the workmanship and materials are suck as te command un Ter sal a i s prebatien, while at the came time the prices are unusually mo derate, A ' N ew Department for the sale ef Parasols aid Chil dren's Dresses has been opened at 157, Mineries. . ihse rvo.—My article purchased, ready made, or made te mea- Ara. if set approved ef, will be exchanged, er if preferred, the macleY returned. E. MOSKB aid SON, Tailors, Weollendrapers, Clothiers, Hatters, =esters, Furriers, lost and Shoemakers, aid General Outfitters. for Ladles aid Geitereen, 154, 155, 156, aid 157 Miaories, Lad 83, 34, 115, and ii Aligate, City, [Ando*. Caatioi.—E. Moses and Sou regret being obliged te guard the 111111 e against inspeeters, but have teamed that the untradearnan pke falsekeed of being connected with them, er it's the same concern, l _ i ts er begik resorted to in many instances, and fir 'Weis reasons. sss. the se who desire T an k_ u tave we cow/legion with any ether house in er out ef London; genuine ad and so cheap clothing, Pro., should call at, Iretice.—)7 o aid Ildiate, City, London. set !friday, t s i 7i g i s ' et e 8 6 ' a cted at this establishment from sin o'eltak. Y. when bisiaess is resumed till twelve geveral Porters Waited, A R A E. : 111 One A li the world are desolately single, and the other illpposing them married, questioaably contented. Diffidence, or a sense of right determine the former, and miscalculated lopes em bifttorthe latter. The solitafy one may shield himself under the plea caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret an- Comprostng harry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity, aid broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness and social content. The dowry should not bo the only marriage set tlement. Honour end justice demand that health should force anitern In the compact; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes or neglect w•und more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if these surmises concern you, procure Dr. CULVERWELL'S little MEMOIRS "On Single and Married Life," pub. in 2 vols., ls. each (by post, is stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively sr prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered D'Y Misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from.obtaining limn They are not intended certainly for mere idle cariosity, but for the closet perusal of those more deeply interested, to whom they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on the above subrects, by unqualified authors, whieh alone or teEether, are a disgrace to the are. Furthermore, two other little publications claim your attention (same price Is. eack, by post Is. Gd.) coiled What to Eat, Drink, and Avoid," and " How to be Happy." They are net merely ,Pamphlets„ but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the mere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's life, wko ewes hie present existence, health, and position to this ob liervanco of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he would be done anti—to live after nature's laws—and to keep always on the " sunny side of the way." The above works nay be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row Carvaiho, 147, Fleet etroet I Mann, 39. Cornhill Nelson, 457, West Strand ; or direct (by post or ether • wise) front tke author (who may be conferred with personally, awnings and evenings), 10, Argyll-place Regent-street; and all •HoOksollers ',MIAII a 0 V E is the leading feeling of the hu man breast. Mere exalted than mere passion, it sears high above _every other impulse of nature, and is not only stronger than avarice, but more engrossing even than ambition. No man is exempt from Its influence, er clan avoid its sway; and business, pleasure, Philo 1101illy, and divinity itself become neglected under the enthralling --Power of LOVE, which, unlike meet things, i ncreases i n intensi ty With time, until it receives the sacred consummation of marriage. When union does not take place, however, this passion, this fervour, this golden tide of the manliest feelings becomes a deadly Pelson in the heart, which now darkens, as it before bright ened, all things upon earth. How is it that men, of most un changeable habits, will change at the very altar, and after a life time spent in tilfilinent of every engagement, snap the very con tract asunder scli should be most binding te as hon eara bl e mind 1' ; It is the effect of conscience. Th e, Lov e r, by enervat i on of early h abits, er the results of secret disease, knows himself to be di squalified, and dares not enter a state which has been Instituted by Divine Law for the fulfilment of important • ends. The wretched condition of such a being must su b sequently be beyond measure deplorable 1 Loving and beloved, he entails the Most miserable disappointments on the object of his choice, and upon himself & desolation the most horrible, when the simple possession of natural attributes would change the scene, and yield to 14th a life of in alleYed happiness. The subject is interesting, and deserves the attention of all. These desirous of investigating It will find the west and most satisfactory information in the little work entitled . illustratSe d LF-PRESER V ATIO N, E by forty coloured engravings on the anatomy, physiology, tyld diseases of the reproductive organs ; with practical observe 114ns est the secret infirmities of youth and maturity, resulti ng f rem solitary habits, excesses, or infection. Doctor of BY SA.MUEL LA.'IIIERT, )I.D , Edinbur h Medicine, Matriculated Mernber of the University of .„„. _ et ! , Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, Honorary .ssln i n s of the London Hospital Medical Society, &c. mach treatise ls the result of a long course or study in a peculiar and neglected branch of medical practice, and the author having ob tiatollneadi ethe highest medical honours, is a guarantee for his profes xperienee, which has reference almost solely to the treat diseases. tenta,er _ RETTIW OF Tflll welts. the Infirmities of Youth and Maturity.—" There are m i lls the drama of life which are acted with no spectator but Mortal a" ; and of these the result is ever disastrous. Happy the Into w.yrihle meets with a timely mentor to snatch him from the gulf erring,hic such scenes must plunge him 1 In the book before us n neh a monitor is te be found, calculated to warn and instruct the ti w ithout impairing one idea that can vitiate a mind not al of tutored by the vices of which it treats. It is written in a style ly Precision and lucidity, blending the profoundest truths of ,_ . c ilh o y n and physics with the loftiest precepts of morality. His a T ip 'nt !I calculated to confer a vital benefit, physically and morally , un all Who are tempted from the rigid path ' of abstemiousness an d lodetpropriety. A father may trust it in the hands of his boy. By un .tytlxslpecreencae book is not, of course, needed ; but wherever Pages is liked vt , the tender yet awful voice breathing in these --4 homily it e blended Kingdom with the practical advice of a writer on medicine." „e workingd°l"ragazine. romwa3: h i e , had price ''s 6d., of Kent and Richards, 52, triet . anna3, 63 ?a te . rans la e.. Fleet -street ; h.e, Gordo'n 63 , ' Ox . .forl-street ; tarlo, Tichborne street residence, who ', 146, Leadenhall-street ; Mansell, 115, or, eby orty-two stamps, from the author's II letter, gully, f may be consulted on these disorders personally, or 3 BE,Droup-a4vAnz LOND X from Ten to Two, Sr fro m . Five to Eight. - •••••••••• •." • • • 1 71 a ,„-t. , ~ 71 ;.,..,- -- -4 : . 7,:,,,, ' 44, icZ 44 4 sk, It N0.17,492.] LONDON, WEDNESDAY YEN NG NEW WORK BY THE AUTHOR OF "VANITY FAIR." On the First of November will be published, price IS. (to be continued Monthly), No. I. of THE lIISTORY OF PENDENNIS; his FORTUNES and MISFORTUNES, his FRIENDS and his GREATEST ENEMY. By W. M. TIIACKERAY. Author of "Vanity Fair," " The Snob Papers" in Punch, &c., &c. With Illustrations on Steel and Wood by the Author. London ; Bradbury and Evans, 11, Bouverie-street. On the First of NoTember will be published, price 21. 6d., roan, gilt edges EJUNCH'S POCKET-BOOK, for 1849, with a Coloured Frontispiece and other Illustrations by JOHN LEECH and RICHARD DOYLE. London : Punch Office, 85, Fleet street. BOND'S PERMANENT MARKING INK, the original and by far the best, requiring ao preparation, offers the surest means of protection for every variety of household linen and wearing apparel against loss or mistake, for which reason be careful to ask for the genuine article, prepared by the inventor, JOHN BOND, 28, Long-lane, West gmtthfield, City. Sold by most Chemists, Statioaers, and Medicine Tenders. Price Is. a bottle. LONDON -MADE WATCHES, with the Patent detached Lever Escapement and Jewelled.—ln silver cases, 434 guineas; in gold cases, 10 guineas each. The information that every customer should obtain previous to the purchase of a Watch will be found in the Pamphlet published by A, B. SAVORY and SONS. Watchmakers, 9, Cornhill, London, opposite the Bank. OBSERVE! -FOR THE CONVENIENCE OF ALL CLASSES OE PERSONS. ESSRS. LUCAS and CO., Surgeons, 60, Newman-street, Oxford-street, authors of " Manly Health," " Control of the Passions," &c., may be personally CONSULTED DAILY, front Nine in the Morning till Eight in the Evening, and en Sundays from Ten till Tyre, on all diseases of the generative system, whether constitutional or acquired, comprising syphillis, gonerrhoca, secondary symptoms, and also that class of disorders wkich are pro duced by indulgence and excesses. To those who aro sufLring from any of these complaints, Messrs. Lucas and Co. offer hope, and speedy restoration to sound and vigorous health. Their successful treatment being based upon upwards of thirty years' practical expe rience in these disorders is a saflacient guarantee for their prompti tude and skill, and in most cases one personal interview only is re quired to ensure a sound and permanent cure. All letters containing 11. for advice, &c., will be promptly attended to.—A new edition of the " Control of the Passions," with coloured engravings and cases, price 2s. Gd.; free by post, 3s 6d., may be had at the Author's residence, GO, Newman-street, Oxford-street, London ; and sold by Brittain, 54, Paternoster-row ; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street ; J. Ger d in, 146, Leadenhall-street, London; 11. Winkel, 'IS, High-street, Birmingham ; Needham, Westgate-street, Gloucester; H. Whit more, 119, Market-street, Manchester ;' J. Howell, 51, Church-street, Liverpool ; W. and H. Itolsinson, 11, Greenside-street, Edinburgh ; I. W. Powell, 10, Westmoreland-street, Dublin ; and aR Book sellers. CELIBACY. —Singleness is not always the con• sequence of disinclination, disappointed affection, or a diffi culty in meeting with a lit helpmate. Thousands of the unmarried would with joy embrace the sacred conditions of Matrimony, did they feel themselves equal to its obligations ; and the chequered page of life reveals innumerable instances where, under that blighting consciousness, man has permitted the most ardent affec tion to consume him to the grave, rather than consign its object to that life of unmitigable anguish and fettered solitariness into which his affianced would be plunged if he married. Some are, however, wilful enough to gain the affections of the other sex under these circumstances; and, though not so villanous as to proceed to the altar, will make such excuses for procrastination as contribute to his selfish desire of exclusively enjoying her society, by precluding her from accepting other offers. There is scarcely a street where this history is not enacted ; and yet with the exercise of common foresight, its frequency might be so lessened as to ren der an instance rare throughout the entire kingdom. The disqualifications for Marriage have mere than one primary source ; the chief of which is Impuissance, arising from four causes :—namely, Natural Deficiency ; the Prostration produced by Early liabits ; the Weakening effects of Later Excesses ; and Nervousness of Tempera ment ; the next sources of importance are hereditary and acquired disease ; and, lastly, men are prevented from marrying by the effects of disease—which, when ill-cured, leaves traces that forbid all im pulse towards wedlock. In each of these instances it is unhappily too common for the sufferer to consider his case beyond remedy, and he fails to consult even his own medical attendant. such will find all obstacles removed by reference to a valuable Manual on Nervous Debility and Generative diseases, the thirty-seventh thousand of which has just been published by its Authors, J. L. CURTIS and CO., Consulting Surgeons, 7. Frith-street, Soho-square, London, entitled MANHOOD ; the Causes of its Premature Decline, with Plain Directions fir Perfect Restoration, &c., &c. This eminent Work, which is forwarded by IT. Strange, Bookseller, 21, Paternoster row, London, post-paid, in a sealed envelope for 25. 6d., in postage stamps, has saved tueusalds, and the result of its perusal has In variably been a restoration of the reader to his pesitioa as a useful member of society. Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel. 3N PHYSICAL DISQUALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA CITY, &ND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. Yew Edition, enlarged to 196 pages. Just published, price is. 6d., or by post, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps, FEE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on the infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex e..ssive indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury, with remarks on Marriage, End tke means of obviating certain dis qualifications. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. By R. and L. PERRY and CO., 19, Berners-stroet, Oxford-street, London. Published by the Authors : sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay, 63, and :Anger, 150, Oxford-street ; Starie, 23, Titehborne street, Haymarket ; and Gordon, 146, Leadonhstll-street. PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive organs, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings. PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessiveisidul genes, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity. It is illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings. PART 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for their treatment. The consequences of early neglect arid of the abuse of mercury, are also clearly pointed out. This section is illustrated '33 , Seventeen Coloured Engravings. PART IV. treats of the Prevention of Disease by a simple ap plication, by which the danger of infection is obviated. Its action Is simple but sure. It acts with the vines chemically, and destroys its power en the system. This important part of the Work should be read by every Young Man entering into life. PART Y. is devoted te the consideration of marriage, and its duties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into. TasCossiAL BALM OF STRIACIIM is exclusively employed in treat ing nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., 1i e .and 335. per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symp corns, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, 115. and 335. per bottle. Perry's Purifying Speedo Pills, is. ad., 4s. 6d., and I is. per box, a certain emedy in gonorrhea, sleet, strictures, and chronic intlamma 'ion of the bladder. Consultation fee, if by letter, IL it. Packets with advice to be had at the Eatablishinent only, by which the fee, li., is saved. Attendance daily at 19, geroers-street, from Elevo• T we. and Five to Eight ; ea Sundays from Eleven to One. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. TIMES.—In the course of last summer a com plaint arose against the Board of Trade for the fa vouritism displayed in the publications of its returns. The point was this :—Merchants, business publishers, parties connected with different journals, on making application at the Parliamentary Paper-office for these documents, were constantly informed that " they were not out." This in itself would simply have exposed the Board to a charge of dilatoriness, but when the rejected appli can t s saw th e re t urns which had beenlre fused to all other parties appearing constantly in the columns of the Economist, they began to think a little why this should be. Now, it so happened that the Economist had been established and very ably conducted for a certain number of years by Mr. J. Wilson. This gentleman, observing a great want of practical and accurate knowledge on mat ters of trade to exist in the Lower House, deter mined to give that assembly the benefit of his know ledge, his assiduity, and his theory of banking. He was returned at the last election for the borough of Westbury. On the expiration of a fe w months of senatorial existence, arid after the delivery of a few speeches well belarded with statistics, Mr. J. Wilson took office under the Government, and became an employe in this very department—the Board of Trade. It was generally understood at the time that Mr. Wilson, when he got his. place, had given up all connexion with the Economist. The functions of placeman and journalist are incompatible. Lord Brougham has set us - right-upon that point, if any doubt had existed about it before. The Eco nomist had passed into other hands. Mr. Wilson might occasionally take a sentimental delight in re visiting the scenes of his former labours. Emotions would naturally arise as he walked along the Strand and beheld .the .well-known picture of Creneorne-gardens decorating the cunabula of his future greatness. This was excusable—creditable even to our imperfect nature. The repeated appli cants for the returns, however, have put all these employe, then having that the facts together. First, th ere i s t h e po i nt that Mr. histhen interest in the an journal; "s Wilson was editor a n d p ro p r i e t or o f the Economist; disposedretu ofs returns from from the department to which Mr. Wilson now belongs do, in some way or other, find their way into the columns of the journal which formerly be longed to Mr. Wilson, and that before they can be obtained by any other applicants. He is most unfor tunately placed, and great exertions should be made by his friends to prevent the recurrence of so scan dalous a job. Let Mr. Wilson be never so innocent and unconscious of the whole matter, he will be voted the 'scapegoat by general consent, and the responsibility will be fastened upon him. He is in this respect a most unfortunate man. It is not, of course, from any wish to rake up a forgotten scandal that we recur to this subject. The discussion upon it took place in July last, and it was then generally understood that on the one side the question should be dropped, and on the other the Economist should no longer enjoy priority in the distribution of the favours of the Board of Trade. Nothing more has been said about the matter until Monday last, when a letter appeared in the Times from " A Mer chant " complaining of a recurrence of the old abuse. Our correspondent writes to us on Saturday the 14th, and the substance of his complaint is that for three mornings previous to that date he had applied at the Parliamentary Paper-office for some returns which should have been issued from the Board of Trade. On the first two occasions he was simply informed chat the papers were " not out." On Friday he was told there was no chance of their publication until Saturday morning; the same assertion was re newed on Friday evening. A business publisher in the City, who made similaeapplications, was put off with similar answers. On Saturday morning, how ever, these very returns appeared in the columns of the Economist, together with an editorial article upon the facts contained in them. That journal must therefore have been furnished with the documents in question at least in good time on Friday. Now, this is a little bit of dirty jobbing that must be put an end to at once. This is the second warning that has been given to the parties concerned; it is dangerous to provoke a third. The mistake must lie between the employes of the Board 'of Trade and the Parlia mentary publishers, but the facts recited completely exclude the latter hypothesis. It is to be observed that during the continuance of the Parliamentary session the agreement between the backers of the Economist and the gentlemen who men tioned the fact was honourably kept. Now that the screw of interrogating Ministers can no longer be applied, that understanding is forgotten. This will be found a false calculation. The matter is of too much interest to the mercantile community to be allowed to slip through. The necessity of putting a stop to so unfair a practice can be urged on the Government, and on the official chief of the Board of Trade, just as well in recess as during session. If a grand scramble is to take place between all the proprietors and pub lishers of London journals for prior information from the Government boards, we should be glad to know of the definite inauguration of the new system. In the long run, it is clear the Economist cannot triumph over the rivalry of the Exchange and the press. The " Merchant" puts his case very well when he asks " Whether the Board of Trade was established chiefly for the mercantile community, or for the prior advantage of this or of any other paper or party, is, perhaps, under such circumstances, scarcely too harsh a question:' It will be the interest of every one connected with trade, except that of the persons im mediately implicated in this breach of good faith, to turn upon the delinquents. Mr. Labouchere would do well to investigate the affair in time. POST.—An attempt is made by a mercantile M. con temporary !with reference to the late speech of Thiers against improper paper credits, to revive the old slang of the Bullionists, as if it were not the nonsense which observation and experience prove it to be. We are reminded by our contemporary of Peel's " glory " when he propounded the question, " What is a pound ?" That question ha s been well answered more than once to the confusion of all the theories of Peelery thereunto belonging. We are told that he—whether Peel or Thiers does not clearly that appear—" pointit out with clearnessand with wit ,that it was in fact impossible to add either to the property or the currency of a nation by merely multiplying the symbols of wealth." Now, this is partly a truism, and partly a piece of palpable nonsense. Everybody knows that the mere act of multiplying the symbols of wealth does not multiply wealth. That is a truism. Bet to say that multiplying the symbols of wealth is in no case to add to the currency of a nation is plainly to say that which is nonsense, and opposed to common expe rience. It is true that the symbols of wealth may be multiplied, and then locked up in iron boxes, and buried in stone vaults. In that case they do nothing but fill boxes; but, on the other hand, they may be, and they often are, added to the circulating money of the country, and afford the utmost and most salutary relief. On the 21st October, 1847, there were symbols of wealth—p a p e r symbols—re presenting several millions of pounds sterling, locked up in the iron boxes of the bankers of Lombard street. These bankers would not part with them because they did not see how they could, under the then existing law, get a fresh supply from the Bank of England. The country was much dis tressed for want of these " symbols ;" but the London bankers nevertheless hold them fast. In the course of the day, however, a letter came down to the Bank of England from the Prime Minister authorising the Bank to violate the law should the continued mone tary pressure render that step necessary. What was the consequence? The London bankers, seeing that then there was possibility of replacing their supply of "symbols" by getting an additional quantity from the Bank of England, no longer desired to hold them fast. They let out the bank-notes. These "symbols," or a part of them, were added to the circulation of the country, and immediately the general distress and mercantile agony were mitigated. We are not stating opinions, but facts. No one can dispute the truth of these historical circumstances. Here then is a case within the recent experience of every one where an increase of the symbols of wealth acted most beneficially upon the interests of the country. It is true that these symbols added nothing to the actual material wealth of the country ; but without doing that, they did immense good by promoting the circulation of the wealth of the country. Moreover, as men's engagements are not engagements to pay so much material wealth, but so much of the symbols of wealth, namely, monei, the addition of these symbols adds to the power o meeting engage ments, which it is necessary to meet in order to avoid disgrace and ruin. It is, therefore, mere non sense to treat the subject of an increase of currency as if it could have no beneficial effect upon a nation. We know the contrary by experience. We know also, by experience, that a country may flourish exceedingly though its paper currency be not con vertible into gold. All that is wanting to its efficacy is that it be the true bona fide representative of pro perty, and that a given amount of symbols, issued say to-day, will satisfy an engagement to pay that amount at a future time. France may not be in a state, at the present time, in which it is safe to enlarge a cur rency dependent for its usefulness upon public confi dence, but on this account to attempt to cast general discredit on a symbolic currency is about as nonsensical an exploit as any one could engage in. - - CHRONICLE. —The directors of the Scottish Central Railway hsive, it appears had a great triumph. The Duchess of Sutherland, hasterling from the High lands on a message the most pious and urgent, to attend her dying father's bed, strives at Perth on a Sunday morning, sees the train starting, carrying the mail and more than one empty carriage, and is actu ally refused a place in the train—because it is the Sabbath. Her Grace is obliged to take post-horses ; and the consequence of the delay is, that she arrives too late at her father's house to perform the sacred duty on which she was speeding. Th e re never was more perfect ca se of triumph for klaworm than this. Everything graces and completes its odium. It is not mere barbarous tyranny ; but, besides, it is admirably stupid and useless. It opposes, in the first place, a good and pious action. It prolongs a lady a alarm and wretchedness ; it does its best to make a death bed uneasy; and it answers no good conceivable end of its own—but, by 'a happy consistency of blunder ing, defeats its own purpose of Sabbath -keeping. For, though the lady does not go by the train, the guards, stokers, and drivers must, and cannot by possibility go to church, or keep the Sabbath, unless they are psalm-singing round the engine; and it sets the post-boys Sabbath-breaking between the High land capital and the Lowland, and so creates and encourages the evil (if it is an evil) w hich it is meant to repress. B u t i s th ere no making Messrs. Mac Ta rtuffe and MacMawworm understand that there are cases in which religion not only sanctions and permits, but imperatively enjoins, travelling on the Sabbath ? If health, family ties, or other urgent necessity, require the presence of any individual at a particular spot, on a particular day, that person is not only justified in travelling, but would act unreason ably, unwisely, and irreligiously, in declining to do so. Sandy MaePharssee , does not refuse to give his children porridge, or to wash his , face and hands, or to have the water boiled to snake his toddy, on the Lord's day. He would be a fool if he did. Without doing any manner of work unnecessary, Sandy can reconcile it to his conscience to go through the above labours, and there are many thousands of people in the world as good as himself, who have need of similar license. Porridge is not more necessary for Sandy's mealy mouthed children, than fresh air for myriads of hard-working folks. A man may piously 'enjoy the fresh air without making it echo with psalms all day. He has as good a right to walk abroad on the Sabbath as the sun has to shine; and as Sandy, to go to church, or to walk in his kail yard, must go through the previous labour of put ting on his boots and his breeches (for we believe that, at the present day, except at masquerades or at Court, very few civilised persons go without panta loons), so does a man whose circumstances oblige him to dwell in a city all tire week, take the benefit of a railroad to transport him to a place where he may gain health and repose. To Sandy, who balls out that such a man is a Sabbath-breaker, we say it is you who break the Sabbath. Who are you, you bigot, that you dare to say to a poor man you shall not breathe the fresh air—to a child, you shall not go to your father—to a dying man, you shall not have your children at your bedside, because it is the Sab bath-day ? Did Heaven make Sundays, and ordain intervals of rest after labour, in order that you might have the ordering of the day and of all mankind ? Are you, you Scotch railway director, authorised to block up the highway and everybody travelling on it, and order them all to stop and hear you preaching from a tub; Keep your convictions, and act upon them ; but because you are an idiot, that is no reason why we should obey you. Our belief is that, at the present time, a body of directors has no more right to stop railway travelling on Sunday, than it has to barricade the Strand on that or any other day. The power which they arrogate to themselves is absurd and monstrous. They ought to be compelled to trans mit men as well as letter-bags on their lines; and their order to shut up the railway on the Sabbath should be no more listened to than an order from Hanwell warning the birds not to sing, or a procla mation from Bedlam stating that henceforth the sun would not shine upon Sundays. 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Sold in boxes at ls. lid.; 2s. 9d.; and 4e. 6d., by all Medicine Ven•lers. ARCIIITECTURAL ASSOCIATION. - The opening meeting of the session was held on the evening of Fri day, October 6th, several gentlemen of eminence in the profession being present. The walls and tables were covered with architectural drawings and sketches. Some beautiful models by Mr Day, of Southwark, were on the table. Professor Donaldson took the chair, and, after the minutes of the previous meeting had been read and confirmed, stated that he had been requested by the late President, Mr. Robert Kerr (who was prevented attending the meeting) to preside over the early part of the proceedings, in order to introduce to the association their new President, C. Creeke. Letters of apology for non-attendance, but ex pressing theircordial sympathy with the association, were read from Mr. Ferrey, Mr. G.Godwin, and Mr. G. Bailey. The report of the session 1847-48 was then read to the meeting, showing very satisfactory advance. Mr. W. Young, the President, Professor Donaldson, Mr. Billings, Mr. C. H. Smith, Mr. J. W. Papworth, Mr. Jacob Bell, and Mr. Dwyer afterwards addressed the meeting.—The Builder. p ?r Avi i decree,al c e sfrom. S dat dated . t P h e e t B e t rsb hu n , h h a mention d h been promulgated, an m t uig a lm t e directing the issue of the 17th, 18th, and 19th series of Treasur4, bills to the amount of nine millions of silver roubles, interest to commence from the 12th of the month. The Emperor has also, by ano th er d ecree , di rected a general exhibition of the manufactured pr o d uce o f hi s empire, to be made in May next year. The dull ac counts from England had fully established a downward tendency in the Tallow market, and the Russians had beencompelled to accede to Rs. 135 and 134 for first quality Y.C. tallow. There had been sold at the beginning of the week 45 casks Ukraine at Rs. 138 k, 25 ditto at 137, and 175 casks common at 136, and towards the end of the week 800 to 900 casks common at Rs. 135, 600 casks at 134, and 200 casks at 133 k. No offers made above Rs. 133 for first Y.C. tallow, but as yet there are no sellers under Rs. 134. The business in hemp continued brisk, and higher prices paid for fine qualities ; for clean Rs. 85 to 87k ; outshot 76 to 78 ; half clean, 72 to 75 paid, and not many sellers at these rates. Flax neglected. Grain evidently duller. Of wheat, 2,800 chets. Sursky and Casan taken at Rs. 26, and New Russian to be had at Re. 27 to 28. In rye and oats, nothing doing for shipment. TRAFFIC ACROSS THE ISTHMUS OF PANAMA.--THR TAY STEAMER.—The royal mail steamer Tay left South ampton yesterday, with the West India mails. Among the passengers were Major-General Sir 11. Bunbury, who has been appointed Commander of the Forces at Jamaica, and Mr. Hardouin, who has been appointed Governor of Guadeloupe; also Lord and Lady Gros venor and family, Earl and Countess of Sheffield, and Lord H. Scott, who are proceeding to Madeira. Sir H. Wilmot is also a passenger. The Tay carries out a very large cargo, some portion of which is intended for the western coast of America, and will be landed at Chagres, and sent across the isthmus of Panama. This will be the first batch of goods that will cross the isthmus. The length of time in getting from the Atlantic to the Pacific is about two days. The Panama roads are now very much improved. A number of trucks and wheels for carriages for travelling on them have gone out in the Tay. The goods for the western coast of. America sent out in the 'Vest India steamer were principally Man chester and French. A very considerable trade be tween this country and Chili an d Peru is confidently anticipated through the opening of the Panama route for goods traffic. AMERICAN APPLES.—The ship Europa, from New York and Halifax, has brought the large number of 738 barrels of apples, of the kinds known as the American New Town pippins, and the lady apples , which are of remarkably fine flavour, are much esteemed, and are an important addition to the supplies from the continental states of Europe, and from home sources. The same vessel brought the large quantity of 4,182 packages of cheese, the production and manufacture of the United States of America, •• „ RAIL WAY TRAVELLING ON THE SABBATH. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sra,—The case of the Duchess of Sutherland, as adverted to in a leading article in your journal of yesterday, is so extraordinary, that I beg you will allow an observation or two on the question involved. I am en advocate for the entire suspension of all labour and travelling on the Sabbath, i n o b e di ence to the Divine law, which is of perpetual and universal obligation. I think, therefore , that the p r i xc i p l e laid down by the directors o f the Scottish Central Railway was a correct one. But, Sir, I am grieved to see a law, so merciful and benevolent, so grossly outraged as it has been in the case of the Duchess of Sutherland. The " work" in which she was then engaged was one of necessity, of mercy, yea, of piety, and I am sure that all true friends of Sabbath rest will, like her Grace, " weep" when they learn that an indiscriminate and intemperate zeal has led these parties to act in direct opposition to Him who has said, "It is lawful to do good on the Sabbath day."—Yours, Sze., CANDID US. Oct. 16, 1848. THE DUCHESS OF SUTHERLAND AND THE PERTH RAILWAY. The Scotch Reforme rs' Gazette contains the fol lowing remark s with reference to this disgraceful affair, a brief a ccoun t of which appeared in The Sun of Monday " The conduct on the part of the railway people is altogether very bad. It is positively an outra ge on the best feelings of sorry, in one se nse , humanity. We are not that it has happened with th e Duchess of Sutherland, because if her Grace re sents it, she may make h potent effect in places indifferentercomplaint heard with to the complaint of others in more inferior stations of life. What ever she may command or not command with th ese railway directors and their precious secret a ry, h er hold Grace has no small on the ear of the Go vernment of the country, who has just succeeded to Her N o bl e B ro th er, his revered father, at whose title and es t a t es o f Duchess, with commendable °se dying couch th e feeling, was an x i ous to repair—her Noble Brother, Earl of Carlisle, is a member Lord Morpeth, now of the Cabinet, and Chief Commissioner of her Majesty's Woods an d Forests. If she but tells h this very occurrence may induceer complaint to hi m , the Government to interpose and take th e management f of thes e railways into their own hands the whole public, gentle and semP or ie the ben efit of a th. thought the Government should have done mgwe long ago. How scandalous is it to say in an enlightened country, and in this an enlightened age, that the empty carriages, travelling at any rate with the mail bags, shall not take on. an illustrious lady hasten ing to the dying bed of a beloved parent ! Our cor respondent states that the. Duchess was ' actually crying;' and no wonder, a t the rough shock her gentle nature experienced under such circumstances. The stoic secretary-may smile with derision at this ; or, putting on the sanctified mantle of Sir Andrew Agnew, he may pride himself in the fact that he has denied to the Duchess that which he has denied to the plebeian. Be - it so. But we prophesy that the tears which have fallen down the cheeks of this angelic woman will not have fallen in vain. They may p" ; trate the heart of every s ensitive m an and woman in the empire, and conduce to a thorough ref • ormation on this and other kindred lines of railway, too long . un der the management of narr o w - minded bigots. Our Sovereign Lady the Queen travelled to Land Landon the other Sunday morning by railway; and that fact so vividly in our remembrance leads us to indignant m esue to think that her Majesty cannot but be Robes has subsequently received on this line. The Duchess of Sutherland has the blood of the Howardi in her veins. Grieved though she be at present, we fondly hope th a t her Grace will soon step forward to assist lle gentle men and gentlewomen of Scotland in removing' those barriers which stand in the way of necessity and she mercy on the Sabbath day. Ther ein will reap laurels; and if a once celebrated Duchess of Devonshire gained a Westminster election by salutin g some of the plebeian voters, so the unsophisticated tears se en to trickle down the cheeks of her descendant, the i equally beautiful Duchess of Sutherland, at this Perth station, may touch the hearts of the Scottish Central Railway di of the ma j or i ty rectors, and send the Sir Andrew Agnews to their journey's end—a consummation devoutly to be wished by all but themselves. In the building of the ancient nations —the Hin duos, the Egyptians, the Persians, and ( judging from what record we possess of their works) th e Jews— we observe, in the midst of all that which we cal rudeness and crudity, and notwith standing the similarity which circumstances produced in their systems, a boldness and originality of fancy which causes us only to regret that their record is so im perfect. Be assured that they were mighty thinkers— the wise men of that old day,—in spite of their fetishism and astrology and omen seeking, men in real original comprehension of pure truth beyond cur reach,—their weaknesses the wants of opening life, cur strength the mere experience of age,—their strength the vignur of youth, our weakness the feebleness of dotage.—Builder. • ' . . ` 4. , , ', • ~ ...7 ( ' c,•" .." .. f, '. ' ; I '' J , , t , .ll 1 , --„, \, 0: .„. / ~.• ------_____„_. / - 7' ------- - e- • , .. - , - a , 0 • ( . #7 C • ' I. 4 'll lit. o•• • ./ . A.,,, 4 - 1 i ' . 4 .1: , ',- • a i - ' ••;-`,---"- . , „... ~,,, '‘''.•... 00, 1 , ~.., --------- ---..- -4 , ......;ti,,,,,,,N, .. '..?1' .1,1 , ~,./ 4 -,. - ''' s' --a- ft i g t. - : - ,t •.- ' -.1.44: ~,_ ~,,,,' ,?., - ' ~-..._ ' ' e ll ' - ' - ''.?. •:'-' , ..4- .- ` ..- • • "••,-•.' • j, 7 OCTOBER 18, 1848. IRELAND. MR. DUFFY.-SUPPOSED ATTEMPT TO ES CAPE FROM NEWGATE. DUBLIN, TUESDAY.—Yesterday, between one and two o'clock, the governor of Newgate having received information that Charles G-. Duffy contemplated• an escape from gaol, he (the governor) at once proceede.l, accompanied by the deputy-governor (Mr. Bourne), Mr. Bell, constable 42 D, and some other officials who were in attendance, to the apartment occupied by the prisoner, and commenced an active search. In a leather trunk, belonging to the prisoner, they dis covered a rope ladder about 40 feet long, and a coil of single rope about the same length, and it was said that by means of these the prisoner intended to make his escape. The sentinel who was on duty over the prisoner's apartment alleges that he had been offered a bribe if he favoured the attempt. The officials belonging to the establishment, on making what they deemed an important discovery, at once removed the prisoner to a more secure part of the gaol, where double guards were placed on him, and the most rigorous watch kept upon his move ments. The room occupied by Mr. Duffy looked into Green-street, and the window opens into the street for the purpose of ventilation. This room had been previously allocated for the use of debtors. There was nothing of the kind found in the apart ments of the other prisoners. RECREATIONS OF THE STATE PRISONERS. The Cork Examiner says— " A correspondent, a clergyman of the diocese of Waterford, who was lately admitted to an interview with Mr. Meagher, in Clonmel gaol, states that this noble young patriot appeared as cheerful and buoyant as in the days of his boyhood. As a❑ instance of the light.• hcartedness apparent among the State prisoners in general, he mentions that he saw M'Manus and Leyne amusing themselves by playing at marbles in the gaol yard." THE WRIT OF ERROR. " We (says the Freeman) have already informed our readers that the necessary certificate, preliminary to the issue of a writ of error, was lodged on behalf of Smith O'Brien. A certificate, of which the following is a copy, has been lodged with Mr. Stephen Monahan, clerk to the Attorney-General, to ground the writ of error in the case of Mr. T. B. M'Manus:— "' We certify that we have read the plea, in the nature of a plea of abatement, put in by the prisoner in this case, and we are of opinion that the prisoner was en titled to the right or privilege claimed by that plea, and that the judgment of the Court allowing the demurrer of the Crown to that plea was erroneous and contrary to law, and that such error invalidates the final judg ment of the Court; and we are further of opinion that upon a writ of error the final judgment ought to be, and will be, reversed; and we, therefore, certify that in our opinion a writ of error ought to issue in this case. " 'ISAAC BUTT. " ISAAC S. CALLAGHAN.'" THE SPECIAL COMMISSION. TRIAL OF MR. MEAGHER. CLONMEL, MONDAY.—The youth and personal attri butes of Mr. Meagher, his eloquence and misguided ability, all combine to render him an especial favourite with such a people as the Irish, who are more readily influenced by their feelings than by their judgment. Amid the crowd of respectable persons who thronged the Court-house this morning there were no doubt many who had no sympathies with the meaner fates of M'Manus and O'Donehue, but who could not help experiencing some regret at the position of one with such undoubted mental acquirements as the prisoner, while, in addition to his political admirers, were those whom local ties or the influence of family respectability and position in the adjoining county had induced to see how he bore himself in the dock of Clonmel Court-house. " If the Irish revolution had succeeded " Mr. Meagher would have been its Vergniaud, as Mr. O'Brien would have been its victim. At eleven o'clock Lord Chief Justice Doherty and Mr. Justice Moore took their seats on the bench, Lord Chief Justic Blackburne not being in the court till later in the day. The long panel having been called over by Mr.Pedder, Clerk of the Crown, only 125 out of 258 gentlemen an swered to their names. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said, that as some question might arise on the other side with respect to the selec tion of the jury, he should apply to the Court to order the names of those who had not answered to bo called over again on fines of 101. Mr. WHITESIDE, Q.C. (for Mr. Meagher), observed that he was just about to submit to the Cuurt that they should follow the precedent set in Frost's case, and that the names of the remainder of the panel who had not served as jurors should be put into the balloting-box, and the jury in the present case selected in that way. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL opposed the application. He did not see why the ordinary course of practice should be departed from in this instance. Lord Chief Justice DOHERTY—It is a matter in which the Court can not interfere. They have given the same answer to a similar application before. Mr. WHITESIDE—They could not have a better pre cedent than Lord Campbell's conduct on Frost's trial. On that occasion Sir John Campbell said, " He was far from questioning the authority of the Court to select the jury as they pleased, but if they thought it ought to be selected by ballot he would most respectfully acquiesce, although the jury panel were returned alphabetically, so that there could be no class or local influence." The application was acceded to, and the jury were drawn by ballot. He submitted that the same should be done in the present instance. Lord Chief Justice DOHERTY—The application is not for us, it is an application altogether for the Attor ney-General. Mr. WMITESIDE—Just so, my Lord. I suppose you will follow precedent. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL—My application to the Court is, that those jurors who have not answered should be called again on fines of 101. The Clerk of the Crown did so accordingly, but Rot many of the defaulting jurors answered to the summons. Mr. F. MEAGHER observed, that the name of a Mr. Lindsay had not . been called a second time. The Attorney-General and Solicitor-General both said the name had been called. Mr. PEDDER assured the Court that he had called the name. Chief Justice DOHERTY considered that such an ob servation ought not to have been made by the Learned Counsel without being certain of the fact. Mr. Justice MOORE thought that an allegation of the kind ought not to be made except upon the clearest and most substantial grounds. At this stage of the proleedings Lord Chief Justice Blackburn° entered the court and took his seat. The Clerk of the Crown then stated the indictment, which is to the same effect as in Mr. O'Brien's case ; and the prisoner, on being called upon to plead, replied in a firm voice, " Not Guilty." As the clerk was about to call the jury, The prisoner addressed the Court as follows :—My Lords, previous to the jury being sworn, I respectfully beg to say a few words. I desire to protest against the constitution of the panel from which the jury by which lam to be tried has been selected. Personally, I care not whether I am tried by Protestants or Catholics. I am myself a Roman Catholic, and I feel that my case, my honour, my liberty, my life, is as safe in the hands of a jury composed exclusively of Protestants as if it were in the hands of a jury composed exclusively of Catholics. Were Ito consult my own feelings I should not make these observations. But, my Lords, as a matter of principle, vitally affecting the pure, legitimate, satisfactory administration of justice in this kingdom upon high public grounds—perhaps the highest public grounds that can exist, I feel myself called upon to pro tsst—and I do so seriously and solemnly—against a system by which, in a Catholic county of a Catholic country, only eighteen Roman Catholics — only eighteen Roman Catholics—aro returned on a panel of nearly 300 jurors. In consequence, my Lords, of the demurrer in the case of Mr. O'Brien I conceive that it Would be a wanton waste of the public time were I to instruct counsel to challenge the array of jurors, but, as this may be the last time I shall have an opportunity of raising my voice against such a system which virtually repeals the rights which the law has conferred upon the members of the creed to which I belong, I feel it my duty to have done so; but in doing so, I assure your Lordships, and the gentlemen who may be sworn, and they who know me know so and will give credence to what I say, that I am not influenced by th e slightest feeling of sectarianism. . There was a slight murmur of applause, but it was i n .. stantly suppressed. The jury were then called. On ths.name of Henry W. Briscoe being called, Mr. WmTessne asked him if he had taken any part in the inquiries into the affair at Ballingarry? Mr. Briscoe said he had been snore or less mixed up with the matter, as he resided in the neighbourhood. Mr. Wurreeine again asked the juror (who was in the gallery over his head) if he had formed any opinion on the case? The ATTORNET-GENERAL —You have no right to ask that question. The juror must not answer it. Mr. WHITESIDE-.—l 'submit that I have. Lord Chief Justice BLACKBITREE—D o you challenge him for cause? We don't think the question proper. The Court overruled the opposition, considering that the point had been sett], d by Lord Tenterden in the ease of " The King V. Edmonds." The names of the jury were then read over, and twenty being challenged absolutely on behalf of the prisoner, and many others for causes shown, a great deal of time was consumed. The following were eventually sworn:— James 'Wellington, of Castle Wellington; Augustus Hartford, Willington Lodge; Samuel Ryan, Anna Villa; Thomas Lyndsly, Tiudville; Benjamin Hawkshaw Fal leen; Nicholas B. Green, Knocknaspie; Richard Ken nedy, Knoekballymaher; Themes Heirdon, Summer hill; Richard Mason, Cloekenny ; Ed war d Ch a d w i a ke, Ballinard; Benjamin Hee kshavv. Knockane; Richard Hamersly, Banshee House. One of these gentlemen, Mr. Greene, is a Roman Catholic. The Clerk of the Crown then arraigned the prisoner in the usual form. The indiwment charged him with levying war against the Queen at the pound of Bal lingrcrry, at l'idullinahone, at Killenaule, and at Far rinrory. The ATTORNEY GENERAL rose at a quarter before two - o'clock. He said, the actual levying of war com menced about the 24th or 25th of July, and continued io the 29th inclusive. He should lay before them the declarations made by Mr. Meagher himself in the early part of the present year, which would satisfy them of the objects and intentions of Mr. Meagher, and that the time at which he should endeavour to effect a revolution was the only thing undecided in his mind. It would ap pear that an association was formed in Dublin called the Irish Confederation, of which Mr. Meagher was a dis tinguished member. He did not mean to say that this body was originally formed for treasonable purposes. The professed object of that society, was to obtain a repeal of the Union, and he did not mean to say that these professed objects were to obtain it by illegal means. After the formation Of that society in the months of February or March, some of the leaders, and none more conspicuously than Mr. Meagher himself, funned the resolution, as he alleged, of effecting a revolution by force of arms. The first piece of evidence he meant to adduce in proof of the allegation was a speech deli vered by Mr. Meagher himself at a meeting of the Confederation on the 15th of March. In consequence of the •proceedings and speeches which had taken place the Government thought it right to employ a reporter, a short-hand writer of eminence in his profession, for the purpose of taking accurate notes of the speeches delivered in this Association. He attended their meet ings publicly, and 'openly announced himself as being present on the- part of the Government. The meeting took place after the French revolution, and after a Pro visional Government had been formed, and the meeting was called for the purpose of voting an address to the French Government, which 'the council intended to pro pose to a subscleent public meeting of the citizens of Dublin, He did not mean to say that the subjects of the kin4clom -votin4 an address to the people of a country with wham we were not at war 'yeas' illegal; it might be a perfectly innocent and justifiable transacticn, but, con sidering the objects of those gentlemen, it would be ma terial for the jury to ask themselves whether the object was merely to congratulate the French nation and Go vernment on what had occurred in their country, or whether it was not to create such a sympathy for what they chose to represent us the condition of Ireland, that they would be able to procure assistance from France. Mr. Meagher 'commenced at this meeting of the 15th of March by reading an address which appeared to have been drawn up by Mr. Charles Gavan Duffy. It was supposed that the Government would interfere with some meeting proposed to be held on the 17th or 18th of March, and this address requested that the people would observe order, and avoided coming into collision with the troops on that occasion. The only part of that address to which he deemed it necessary to allude was the declaration that the Irish people would imitate the conduct of the principal states in Europe, by seising on their rights with an armed hand. The Learned Gentle man then read the speech of Mr. Meagher, in proposing the address, in which he exhorted the people to elect delegates from the chief towns of Ireland, who should seek an interview with the Queen ; and that, if it were refused, they should pack op their court dresses, and take solemn oath that the next time they demanded ad mission into the Court of St. James's it should be through the accredited ambassador of an Irish republic. If, how ever, the interview were grant e d, b u t t h e i r c l a i ms re jected by the Sovereign, he said deliberately that it would then be their duty to fight, and desperately fight —that if the throne stood as a barrier between the people and their independence, his advice would be, " Up with the barricades, and invoke the God of Battles." From this speech it was clear that Mr. Meagher con templated a state of things in which it would be de sirable that the Irish nation should have recourse to arms against the Government and the constituted authorities of the country. It was right to men tion that this speech was made the subject of a criminal prosecution, but as it was merely for a misdemeanour, Mr. Meagher was held to bail, and en joyed his liberty up to the period of his trial. In the in terval a meeting was held at which it was determined to present an address to the French Government con gratulating them on the success of the late revolution, and Mr. Smith O'Brien, Mr. Meagher, and Mr. Richard O'Gorman were deputed to present that address, which they did accordingly in the course of a few weeks. They returned to Ireland in the month of April, and on the 15th of that month a soirée was given at the Music Hall in compliment to the deputation. Mr. Meagher spoke on that occasion, and mentioned the result of the deputation to France, from which the jury would see that whatever was the professed object of these parties it was really to excite a sympathy in the members of that Government and the French people, so that in the event of a struggle arising in this country they might reckon on armed assistance from France. Accordingly, in the course of the evening Mr. Meagher presented to the Irish people a flag which he brought with him from Paris, and which he seemed to anticipate would become the banner under which the struggle would take place. In the course of his speech he said that the answer of the French Government to the address was quite satis factory; for if arms were not granted the nationality o' Ireland was as distinctly recognised as that of Poland, and that this country was recognised as one of the oppressed nationalities of Europe. He then said, in allusion to the flag which ho had brought with him from Paris, that if it were destined to fan the crimson flames of war, England would behold in its centre the red hand which struck her down on the plains of Ulster ; and he earnestly prayed that Heaven would consummate the vengeance which such a signal vim sure to kindle. It was clear that the gentleman who delivered these very eloquent speeches had a belief in his mind that the time was not far distant when recourse would be had to arms for the liberation of Ireland from English rule. The Attorney-General then alluded to the Act of the 22d of April, and narrated the facts which led to the arrest of Mr. Mitchel. The arrest of Mr. Mitchel, and the probability of his conviction, be came a serious matter with the Confederation. Political clubs extensively supported were established in large numbers, and the evidenCe of. Mr. Meagher himself would go to show that previous to the trial of Mr. Mitchel consultations had been held to decide whether in the event of a conviction that gentleman should be 'rescued. It would be shown in evidence as a matter of fact, that Mr. Meagher went about night after night and visited those clubs, in order to as certain their strength, and try whether they were pre pared to rescue Mr. Mitchel, and at the same time to commence the revolution. It was downright nonsense to say that the object of those clubs was merely to rescue Mr. Mitchel, who was nt the time confined in Newgate, and in the immediate neighbourhood of 7,000 or 8,000 of her Majesty's troops. The fact was, and the speech of Mr. Meagher will prove it, that in point of fact the period had come when an attempt at revolution should be made. After much consultation it was agreed that inasmuch as the harvest had not been got in, and that, in consequence, the forces of her Majesty might starve the people into submission, the attempt at rescue should not take place. The intention of rescuing Mr. :Mitchel was therefore abandoned, but it was :arranged that the revo lution was only to be postponed for a very short time. Mr. Mitchel was convicted and sentenced to transporta tion, and a few days afterwards (on June 6) Mr. Mea gher made a speech at the Music Hall, in which he de clared that the lives and liberties of Irishmen were no longer their own, and that the day was not far distant when Mr. Mitchel, who had been convicted by fraud, trickery, perjury, should bo rescued from his imprisonment and return to his native land, " the first citizen of a free and sovereign state.' Was it wrong, therefore, to state, after the ex pression of such sentiments, that the formation of armed clubs was merely for the purpose of rescuing Mr. Mitchel, and that there was no general intention to com mence a general and violent revolution ? Although the Confederation had come to the conclusion that the people were not prepared to meet Mr. Mitchel, still they con templated that the time was not far distant when his sen tence should be reversed by force of arms, and he return to his country the first citiz tn of a free and and sovereign, state. How that freedom was to be effected, except by an avowed revolution, it was difficult to tell. Some short time after the delivery of that speech, Daffy, Martin, Williams, and O'Doherty were arrested. It then be came a matter of consideration with Mr. Meagher and his associates as to what was to be done—whether those persons, if convicted, should be allowed to leave the country ; and as to whether the period of their trial was to. be selected as the proper time to commence the revo lution. One of the reasons assigned for not rescuing Mr. Mitchel was, that the harvest was not got in, and consequently there• would be no food to sustain the people but sit would appear by the evidence -that either on the 14th or 15th of July, a meeting of the Confederation was held to decide - whether the period for revolt - had arrived. At that meeting the subject was fully discussed; and it was agreed that the time was come, and that, at all events, before the Bth of August, the period at which it was expected the trials would hitve terminated, the revolution was to commence. The Attorney-General described what followed the dis solution of " the Confederation" and the establishment of •' the League," and the formation of the clubs. He should prove by a witness (Mr. Dobbin) tl,at the pri soner was a member of the " Red Hand Club," and that he was one of those who voted for the Council of Five. Every effort, he expected, would be made to impeach the veracity of this . Witness, but he (the Attorney- General) had now come into court prepared 'to support both the character and conduct of Mr. Dobbin. After describing the evidence that Dobbin would give, which was the same as in the previous trial, he then read the speeches made by the ,prisoner at Enniscorthy and elsewhere, in which he said- that' he me. the people again sooner than he expected, but that the base and bloody Government had taken another step, and for every step they took lie would take another; that.he asked the people it they were ready to stand before the military, stated that the Government had trampled on all law, and that be and those associated with him, would give them no law; that he asked the people were they ready to give effect to the blow, end said that if they were de feated, they would go down like the French fire-ship, shouting, "Long live the Republic." At Ballingarry Mr a Meagher stated abet .he himself was going to a different part of the country for the purpose of the flames there. If upon that occasion Mr. Meagher incited • • the people to an m relistance, -end state • 4 1 1/ _. what he •(the Attorney e re f) all eged, it - wo • - -._ , \,.. quire a great deal of me n t o f hi s Leareed + riends . = I " l z thejury i that ~h e , w- , es . t e J.• _.,,,,,,, , ; a o t . t tahi aiding i nl o gh t he Attorney -General -General th en de tailed s a i b d e e t titno satisO'Brie n fy in h '3 l r , 4 e : ' —' , "ons which occurred on Saturday, the 29th of July, .at , Farrinrory, . and . alto read . the letter written by Mr. Meagher from Cahirmoyle to Smith O'Brien, and already given in evidence. against O'Brien. There was ' another .; letter front - Mr; Meagher, found on the 26th or 27th of July, in the posses sion of a gentleman named Smith, who was arrested for having taken part in these transactions, from which' he read the-following extract:" Well, as to the public affairs, the Nation is admirable this seek, and I am de lighted to find that Icenyon's speech was so splendid. As to the Freeman, we must do our hest to crush it. With , regard to Cork, Barry (this is. a secret) is rather tame—is adverse to a corifedurate move—while Charley Murphy and Denny Lane are decidedly for it. I' am urging them with all my might, and expect to carry my point triumphantly. There's no doubt but we shall have the-,upper hand in thue----the clubs will do the work. Don't forget France and her revolution. I got the inclosed-this morning." These letters were mate rial as showing his intentions. He would admit that he was bound to prove that Mr. O'Brien's object was a re volutionary one. If, however, any question could arise on that point, there was another document which, in his humble judgment, was decisive upon it. It was a letter written by. Mr. O'Brien himself, and by which he (the Attorney-General) considered Mr. Meagher was also bound. [TheAttorney-General then read the letter of Mr. O'Brien to the Mining Company, which has been already published:] lie would offer no comment upon that letter, because he did not anticipate that — the talehret - In - ft- - nuity of any counsel could put a different construction upon the document than what he contended for. How ever,lhe question for the jury to consider was, wither Mr. Meagher had so mixed himself up in these transac tions as to bean actor in them? If the eiidrnce satis fied them of, the guilt of Mr. Meagher, he asked, on the part of the Crown, for that verdict of conviction which, in discharge of their duty, they would be bound to return, regardless of the consequence which might [Pluck: SD. ensue. • . _ Mr. John George Hodges, the Government reporter, was then. examined for the purpose of proving the speeches of Mr. Meagher referred to by the Attorney- General in his opening statement. He was proceeding to read the speech for . which Mr. Meagher bad been al. ready prosecuted, when he was interrupted by Mr. WHITESIDE, .wlio contended that this speech could not be given in evidence. He made the abjection, in order that it might be established once for ali,whether, in the feture trials in this unhappy country, every speech which a man might make during his past, life was to be read against him on an accusation of this kind. The speech was delivered six mouths ago; and it was not relevant to the pint at issue, as it consisted merely in• vague, declamatory abuse of the Government. He ob jected to its admission, becaune the• Crown were hound' to show. that it had reference to the levying of war which was charged against Mr. Meagher, whereas, on the contrary, it consisted of an eulog,ibui l on the French gyration, and other t o pi cs o f a general natu re . If t hi s speech were admitted, on like grounds an intern'perate speech made by him six years ago might be read against him. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL opposed the objection, and Mr. Burr followed up the arguments of Mr. White bide. Mr. Justice MooßE—lf, when the speech is read the ,Court thinks it not relevant, we will, of course, say that it cannot be received. The examination was then resumed, and Mr. Hodges proceeded to read the i•peeeh in detail, as weir as another speech of Mr. Meagher s, delivered on the 15th of April, at a soiree, held at the Music Hall, and also a speech do livered on the evening of the 6th of June at the Music Hall, which had reference to the conviction of Mitchel. Mr. WIIITEsIDE—Do you remember a document have ing been read under the title of "Trial by Jury in Ire land ?" and can you tell me whether the speech was not founded upon it ? Witness—A paper such as you mention was read, and I think I have a copy of it with me in Clonmel. Mr. WHITESIDE (handing a printed paper)--Can yeti tell .me whether this is an accurate copy ? The witness having looked at the printed document, stated that he believed it was the same which was read at the meeting in question. Mr. WHITESIDE—Did the paper so read at the meet ing state these facts—" That before Mr. Mitchel was arrested, and before the Sheriff knew that he was to be tried at the late commission, several persons were sum moned to serve at that commission whose names were afterwards struck off the panel ?" The ATTORNEY-GENERAL—I want to know by whom the document was read ? Mr. WHITESIDE—I don't know who read it, but it was read at the meeting, and the observations of Mr. Meagher were founded upon it. Chief Justice DonEiTY—Who read the paper at the meeting ? Witness—l think, if my memory serves me, it was Mr. Halpin, the secretary. Mr. WHITESIDE then read the document in question, which gave a detail of the proceedings on the part of the Crown with reference to the formation of the jury panel in the case of the Queen v. John Mitchel, and Mr. Hodges stated that he believed he had heard the same paper read at the assembly where Mr. Meagher delivered the speech under consideration. Cross-examination continued—Had announced to the secretary of the Confederation at the first meeting he (witness) attended that he was the Government reporter, and had frequently told the chairman and secretary to announce his presence at the meeting. The secretary had occasionally given him exclusive!) , documents read at the Confederate meetings. There were ladies present at the soirée on the 15th April. The Queen's healtk was drunk. Ono gentleman proposed that hvr Majesty should be given as the Queen of Ireland, but she wat given as " The Q.ieen. ' Read two of the speeches given in evidence. to-day in a prosecution for seditiou against Mr. Meagher; the jury could not agree in that case. Could not report a speech from memory. Could not say that other persons might not be able to do so, as some people had marvellous memories. Cannot say how many jurors were struck out on Mr. Mitchel's trial. Heard that there had been a discussion on Mr. Mit chel's principles, in which Mr. Meagher took a decided part against that gentleman. Mr. William Shearman, a solicitor from W a t er f er d , proved the laandoriting of Mr. Meagher to some letters produced. The Court then adjourned till half-past ,nine o'clock to morrow morning. INQUEST AND VERDICT ON THE BoDIEs DROWNED AT SPITHEAD.—The jury having assembled for the third time yesterday, at the Isle of Wight Tavern, to inquire into the cause of the late deplorable accident at Spit head, B. Newnham, mariner, of the Gipsy cutter, was first examined, but merely detailed all that has already appeared. The next witness called was the surviving waterman, S. S. Lock, who said—l am a Gosport and Portsea waterman, and had a partner named H. Laiahley (the man drowned). The wherry was a second-class one. I have been apprenticed and accustomed from my childhood to boats, and am twenty four years of age. On Monday, the 9th instant, I left Common-hard at two P.M., wish a faro of five women, and agreed to go to Spithead for Is. each out and in, and board fl:o Grampus. We went to Gosport, and got into Lai.,h ley's boat. I had no small sails; that is why we used Laishley's boat—a new one. The women were very anxious to go. lam not sure if the dangerous flag aas up. It blew very hard south-west. I did not consider there was any danger. Two women sat to windward, one midship, and two to leeward. Within half a mile or South Sea Castle, I said, "As soon as we get a chance we will go about," and then, " Now we have a chance, jib's got her mate." After which the foresail was shifted and made fast. Two women got up to put their cloaks about them. My mate had before said, " What ever you do, sit still." About half a mile from the castle the boat capsized. By the jury—We had 2 cwt. of bal last in the boat. On going about the boat had no way on her. The sea struck her, when the two women to windward got up, and they were knocked to leeward and the boat upset, The size of the sail Was about eleven yards. I had the hold of the jib sheet in my hand at the time. Another boatman named Sweet hailed us as we were going out, and said we should not got on board the Grampus, but did not say there was any danger. Ido not believe any boatman would have objected to go to Spithead. It came very suddenly upon us. I was quite sober, and apprehended no danger. The Coroner then summed up the evidence, and the jury immediately re turned a verdict of "Accidental diaths l y drowning.' HIGH TIDE. Yesterday the river presented it most remarkable appearance, the tide having risen to such an unusual height as to cause very serious damage to property in the warehouses on either side of the Thames. At Lambeth, the houses near the Bishop's Palace were completely inundated, and in many instances the inmates were compelled to make a precipitate re treat. In Pore-street, which runs from the end of Bishop's-walk to Princess-street, Vauxhall, a number of poor families were driven from their habitations until the tide receded, and the water had been pumped out. The licensed victuallers at Bankside, and other parts were very great sufferers, their cellars being completely filled with water. At Vauxhall, Battersea, Wandsworth, Chelsea, and Milbank, waterside premises were similarly floated. The Loneon Does, in some parts, appear to have been visited, but immediate steps were taken to check the unexpected flood. Towards evening, when the tide was at its highest point, the steam-boats could scarcely pass und , r the bridges. No accidents of aoy consequene , have taken place. THE EARLY CLOSING MOVEMENT. -- Last night a Meeting of shopkeepers and their assistlnts, in West minster and its vicinity, was held at the S;.ar, Dart mouth-streets for the purpose of taking measures to oh tsin'a cessation of business at an earlier hour in the evening. Mr. Shipton took the chair, and alluded to the great success the early closing movement Lad met with during the last few v ells. Whitechapel and Shoreditch shops of all kinds were now closed at a much earlier hour than f.:rtner!y ; and he taw no r.asofi why the same system should not be adopted in the district of Westminster. Mr. Fincttsh informed the meeting, that. the shops in -the City, Tottenham-court-road, Oxford street, and . Regent -street were now rarely found open after eight o'clock in the evening, while a snort time ago they were kept .open until ten o'clock. Ile moved a re solution pledging the meeting to discourage the late hour system, and to support the :11, trop.ditan Early Closing Associatinn. The resolution, with several others, having been carried unanimously, the meeting separated. At the meeting on Monday last of tl:e I'VeA London Anti-Enclosure Associatio 1 and Sauiti,:y Improvement Society, - at Clark's Rooms, Edgeware. road; Mr. Patten denin the chair, a memorial to the General Board of Health was adopted. praying for.the immediate drainage ot that great leviathan ot cholera, the open sewer of Kensal Neiv:town; which hat oierti Aved even into the adjoining fields, polluting the air Jar and wide. t MIR 1 -1E