The Sun. — London, England, 1848-02-01 00:00:00

m A CMT , e-. . ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT -GARDEN THEATRE, Established in 1847 for the purpose of rendering a more perfect per formance of the lyric drama than had hitherto bean attained in this cotmtry. The Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and Patrons of Music are re spectfully informed that EASON (1848) will COMMENCE the week i n 2,/,,,,Tch, in then%w and commodious edifice constructed las year. OPERA. For the production of the established works by the great masters of eT ery school, for the effective representation of the repertoire of se venteen Operas mounted last season, and of compositions to be heard for the first time in this country, engagemenls have been already m ade with the follovring eminent artistes : PRIMI SOPRANI. Mde. Grist, and Mde. Persiani, Mde. Reneoni, Male. Steffauini, and Mde. Castellan (her first appearance), JOU. Carbsci, Mdlle. Anglolina Zoja (of the Scala in Milas. her first appearance In this country), and NA& rasilin• Garcia R Vlardot (her first appearaooe). CONTALTO. Mademoiselle .Alboni. TBNORI. Signor Mario, and Signor Sa elguar Lave*, Signor Luigi Mel (from dcala, his first appearance in this country), and M. Roger (of the Academie Royale de Musique, and of the Opera • Comiqie, 1.1 Paris, his first appearance in this country). PRIMI BASSI BARITOSI. Signor Tamburini and Signor Ronconl. PRIMI BASSI PROFONDI. Signor Marini. (The ratification of the engagement of Signor Cor fatil-Setti, the oelebrated bass S B AoSO, is daily expected). COMICO. Signor Agostino Rovere. ALTRI PRIMI BASSI. elguor Taglianco and Signor Polonini. lueoado Tenore—Signer Soldi (from the Scala). WITaCtOr of the Music, Composer, and Conductor —Mr. Costa. The Orchestra, comprising the distinguished professors of last season, will be increased by additional artistes ; the names fin the lestrumentalists forming the entire orchestra will be published :a future prospectus. The Military Band, which has also been i ncr eased, will be under the direction of Mr. Godfrey, band-master of the Coldstream *muds. Vas Powerfal and numerous Chorus of last year will be further strengthened by 34 chosen and experienced singers, and will number S i voices —namely, 40 ladies, and 1,2 male voices. Chorus Master — Signor Boneensiglio. Poet and Translator ot the Libretti—Signor Maggioni. Prompter —Signor Monterasi. THE BALLET. The rule which gave such satisfaction to the musical public last season, that no divertissement should be suffered between the acts of operas, will be strictly adhered to. The performances will terminate with a ballet. During the season the following eminent danseuses will appear Mde. Flora labbrl (her first appearance), Mille. Leopoldine Breast (premiere dansense of the Imperial Theatre in Vienna, her trot appearance in this country), Mdlle. Elizabeth Robert (premiere dance's. of the Academie Royale de Musique he Paris, her first ap pearance in this country), Mdlle. Camille (her first appearance for four years), Male. Thierry, of the Fenice, in Venice (her first ap pearance in this country), Mdlle. Laugher, of the Scala (her first ap pearance in this country), Mdlle. Celest Stephan, Mdlle. Honor* (her first appearance), and Mdlle. Lucile Grahn (her first appearance). Y. eilvain and M. Bretin (their first appearances), M. Gontie, &0., and a narnerous body of Coryphees, Promineuses and Figurantes. Maitre do Ballet—M. Appiani (from the principal theatres In Italy, France, and Belgium). Regisseur de la Danse—M. 0' Bryan. Leader of the Ballet—M. Alfred Mellon. Composer—Signor Beletta. The scenery by Messrs. Grieve and Telbin. Premiere Artiste Cos tuadure—Mrs. E. Bailey. Zugagements aro pending with other distinguished artistes for opera and ballet. A detailed Prospectus, with the arrangements for the season, will be ready in a few days, and may then be obtained at the Box-office (corner of Bow-street and Hart-street), and at the principal libraries and must* publishers. Royal Italian Opera, Covent-garden, Jan. 22, IS4S. TEE A.TRE ROYAL, HATMATtKET. Ina ler the Management of Mr. B. Webster. sole Lessee . Will be performad biherldan's Comedy of THE RITALS. Sir An thony Absolute, Mr. Farren ; Captain Absolute, Mr. H Farren ; Faultland, Mr. Creswick ; Acres, •,r, Webster; Sir Lucius O'r ger, Mr. HadSoll; Fag, Mr. ',triads! ; David, Mr. Keeley ; qrs. I.Ltiaprop, Mrs. Glover ; Lydia Languish, Mrs. Nisbett ; Julia, Miss fortesetie ; Lucy, Mrs. Humby. THIS EVENING Aner whlct, a sew Farce, called DEAREST ELIZABETH. Mr. lionel Lax, Mr. Keeley ; Mr. Winch, Mr. Rogers ; Betsy, Mrs, 'Keeley. To conclude with a New and Original Burlesque Spectacle entitled pig WORLD UNDERGROUND; sr, the Golden Flute aid the Brazen Waters. sitage Manager, Mr. Fanen; Acting Manager, Mr. F. Webster. J. T. Archer, Box-book keeper. Bates, is. ; Pit, 3s. ; Gallery, 2s. ; Upper Gallery, Is. ruors span at half-past six, Performance to commence at Seven. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Under the direction of Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING WIN he presented an entirely new Piece, entitled the PEARL OF TRIO 0C141.24 ; er, the Prince and the Mermaiden. Principal cha meters by Messrs. Waye, P. Bedford, Wright, Munyard, Glennaire, Calleisferd, and. Worrell ; Miss Woolgar, Miss Emma Harding, Miss Wien Chaplin, Mrs. Laws, and Madame Celeste. Ti be followed by a new and original Farce, entitled OUR NA TIONAL DEFIENCKS ; or, the Cockahot Yeomanry. Principal aharacters by Messrs. Lambert, Wright, P. Bedford, Sanders ; Ma dame Celeste, Miss Emma Harding, Mrs. Laws, and Miss Woolgar. To conclude with a new Farce entitled THE TIPPERARY LE ‘ACT. Tarnem Green, Mr. Wright; Bob Gills, Mr. Munyard ; gorimnagge, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Chubblock, Mr. Cullenford ; Policeman, Mr. Glanders ; Lizzy Chubblock, Miss Woolgar. Bozos, 45.; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. Peers open at Half-past Six, Performance to commence at Sayan, ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame VsStria. bole Lessee, Mr. Charles Mathews. THIS EVENING Will be performed A CURIOUS CASE. Characters by Messrs. C. Mathews, L. Murray, Parselle, Honner, Hughes, and Mrs. Stirling. After which, a New fairy Extravaganza, entitled TILE GOLDEN BRARCII. Principal characters by Messrs. H. Hall, Harley, her ridge, Madame Vestris, Miss K. Fitzwilliam, and Mrs. Macaamara. To conclude with a Romance of Real Life, called BOX and COX. Principal characters by Mr. Harley, Mr. Buckstone, and Mrs. Mac. samara. Dress Boxes, is.; Upper Ilexes, 4s. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery, Is. Ne calf-price to any part of the house. The sew Box-office, No. 2, Wellington-street, is *pen to the Public every day, from Ten till Six. The Interior of the House has been entirely re-designed by Mr. W. Bradwell of the Colosseum. FRENCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. John Mitchell, 23. Old Bond-street. ANTIGONE.—LAST PERFORMANCE. MORNING PERFORMANCE. Mr. Mitchell respectfully announces that the celebrated lyrical tragedy of ANTIGONE, from the Greek of Sophocles, with the en tire music of the illustrious composer Mendelssohn, will be performed for the last time at T. JAMES'S THEATRE, TO-MORROW MORNING (WEDNESDAY), Feb. 2, Commencing precisely at half-past Two o'clock, and terminating before Five. Distribution of the Characters.- 2 Cieon, M. Bocage, as originally performed by him at the Theatre de I'Odeon, Paris, and by whom the Mire en Scene at this theatre will be conducted ; llemon, M. Fedi ter ; Tirosias, M. Lemonier ; Le Garde, M. St. Marie ; Le Coryphee, M. Henri Alit ; Antigone, Mme. Rebut Fechter ; Ismene, Mdlle. liaptiste; Eurydice, Mdlle. Berths. Previous to the Play anu the Music of Antigone, the Orchestra will perform the Overture, Scherzo, Nocturne, and March, from Men dalsseha's Music to Shakspeare's Play of the Midsummer Night's Dream.. Director of the Music, Mr. Lucas, in the absence M. Jules Benedict, who is compelled to fulfil an engagement at Stuttgard. For the efficient performance of this celebrated composition the following professors have been expressly engaged, and will consti tute the orchestra :—First Violins—Messrs. P.urotte, Deloffre, News hare, Mellon, Thirlwall, Brown, Goffrie, and Morris. Second Violins—Mesons. Ella, Payton, Zerbini, Newsham, jun., Elsmore, and Watson. Tenors—Messrs. Lyon, Glanville, Weslake, and B. Blagrovo. Vielencellos—Messrs. Lucas, Pilet, L. Phillips, and Guest. Double Basses—Messrs. Howell, Campanile, Severn, and Griffiths. nutes—Messrs. Ribas and King. Oboes—Messrs. G. Cooke and Nicholson. Clarionettes—Messrs. Boose and Maycock. Corni—Messrs. Charles Harper and Callcott. Bassoons—Messrs. Larkin and Winterbottom. Trumpets—Messrs. Thomas Harper and Mandley. Trombones—Messrs. Smithies, Healey, and Winterbet tom. Drums—Mr. Chipp. Harp—Mr. T. Wright. Conductor— Mr. Lucas. N. 13. A numerous and powerful chorus has also been engaged under the superintendence of Mr. Grice and Mr. Lee. A new scene has been painted fur the subject by Mr. Muir aad assistants. Boxes, stalls, tickets, and season prospectuses, may be had at Mr. MITQMELL'S Royal Library, 8 3 , Old Boad•street. Roses, 6e. ; Fit, he. Cd. ; Amphitheatre, 3s. ; Gallery, 2s PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Yr. J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and Managfir. Duchess-stroel Portland. place. Madam) ANNA T lIILLON. Tli IS EVENING Will bo presented a now and original Operetta, entitled The YOUNG GUARD. Don Guzman, Mr. Bodcla ; Don Alvarez, Mr. Barker ; Donna °Maple.. Miss Sara Flower ; Estella, Mrdamo Anna After whi“, a new eomie Drama, called MY SISTER'S SECRET. To be followed by a now Comic Piece, entitled THE SULTANA.. isyrnan, Mr. Ryder ; Osmya, Mr. Comptes ; Tuseph, Mr. Henry ; isselana, Madame Anna Tlullon; Elmira, Miss Villars Ismena, Wu Hodson. To eouclude with a new Christmas Pantomime, eatitled OLD FATHILR TIMM ; or, Harlequin and the Four lieasons. Dress Circle, 5i.: Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. ItOYAL SURREY THEATRE. Lewes, Mrs. F. Davidge, No. 1, Davidge-terrace, Kensington-road, Surrey. Under the Management of Mr. Bunn. THIS EVENL.NG, the performances will commence with the salebrated Opera of TILE DAUGHTER OF THE RI:11131E1NT. Characters by Messrs. H. Phillips, King, Horuca.stle, Rafter, Att wood, li'Mahet, and Miss Poole. To conclude with a new Pantomime, entitled EATTLEDOOR and SHUTTLECOCK ; er, Harlequin Trap, Eat, and Tian. A distinct entrance to the private boxes has been made (which have been re-fitted). Private boxes may be had nightly of all the principal Librarians ; and at the Box-e11:7.e of the Theatre, which is open daily from Ten until Four. Boxes, 2s. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery, 6d. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. THIS EVENING Will be performed JANIiEYRE;OT,the Secrets of Thernflold Manor. Principal characters by Messrs. Hicks, Dale, Searle, nig gle, Forman 4 Miss Vincent, Mrs. G. Lee, and Miss Burroughollffe. To conclude with the grand scholastic and instructive Pantomime, entitled THE WORLD OF WONDERS ; or, Harlequin Caxton and the Origin of Printing, with wonderful scenery and decorative ap pointments. Clown, Mr. Paul Herring ; Pantaloon, Mr. Morelli ; Harlequin, M. Lupine ; sprite, Signor Moliuo; Columbine, Mdlle. 134xe0, is. ; Pit, 641. ; Gallery, 4d. No Half-price to airy part of the house, Doer* open at !Mx, to coraraeace at lialf-past Six. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE, Proprietor and Manager, Mr. William Batty. Mr. Ratty'a performing Elephants. THIS EVENING, The Grand Spectacle o f TH E CAMP O F SILBSIA. kntirely new Scenes in the Arena, by the talented Artistes of she Establishment, in the serious modes of equestration. To conclude with a Grand Equestrian Comic Pantomime entitled nARLEQUIN DOCTOR SYNTAX AND HIS DAPPER GREY KARE, in which those popular artistes Herr Denlin, Mdlle. Theo dore, Mr. Anderson, and Mr. Bradbary, as Harlequin, Columbine, Clown, an d Pantaloon, which will exceed in spleadoar and effect all former productio ß n i A x it .o t ffi th e e eo r en ph er ith om ea l t i re au 5 dieing an 4 Stage Manager. Mr. W Wast. ktriPUL STEIN-BOAT EXPLOSION IN ASlEluci. We have to record anot her startling calamity on our river. Tho steamer A. N. Johnson, bound from this place to Wheeling, blew up yesterday, with a tremendous explosion, near Maysville, Kentucky, from some un ascertained defect in her machinery. By this casualty between 60 and 70 persons were killed, by scalding, fire, or drowning, and a very large number scalded, of whom some 30 are so horribly injured that their recovery . is doubtful. So rapid was the progress of the {lames attar the explosion, and so complete the devastation, that hardly an effort could be made for self-preservation. The boat was soon in one sheet of fire and burned to the water's edge. The number of passengers on board the A. N. Johnson when this appalling accident occurred was 160, not more than one quarter of whom escaped injury. So dreadful an accident has rarely, it ever, occurred on the Ohi o . Th e li st o f kill e d and wounded is as yet of course very incomplete, and, as in most cases of the kind, there were prob a bl y many individuals on board whose names will be ever unknown. The occur rence, as may bo presumed, has occasioned great excite ment and deep sympathy here. P ersons i n t h e v i c i n i ty of the disaster did all in human power to relieve the sufferers, but so awfully sudden was the occurrence that nearly every effort was fruitless.— Cincinnati Paper. LivEarooL, M OND AY.—The royal mail steam-ship Hibernia, Captain Shannon, sailed yesterday for Halifax and New York, with the usual mails and a large number of passengers. Her sailing day was Saturday, but she a was detained by Admiralty order, to afford time for answering advices received by the Caledonia. TOE SUN, LONDON, NOTICE—LIEUT. F. E. FOREES'ES (Commander of H.M.S. Bonetta) WORK, FIVE YEARS IN CHINA, From 1842 to 1847, IS PUBLISHED THIS DAY, And may be had of all Booksellers throughout tha United Kingdom, in Bvo., with a highly finished Portrait of the Empress of China, and_numarous Wood Engravings. 15s. bound. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, (Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty). Preparing for publication; in Bvo. volumes, with Portraits (a volume to appear Quarterly), THE LIVES OF THE PRIME MINISTERS OF ENGLAND. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, (Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty), 'Now ready, la 2 vols., with Portrait, 21e. bound, REMINISCENCES OF PRINCE TALLEYRAND With EXTRACTS FROM lIIS POLITICAL WRITINGS. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now ready, Part 111., price 2s. 6d., with Portraits, and a Map, completing the work, STORY OF THE PENINSULAR WAR. A Companion Volume to THE STORY OF WATERLOO. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Greet Marlborough-street. THE GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY. (Incorporated 9 and 10 Vic., cap. 71, 26th June, 1846.) NOTICE of CALL THIS DAY made, of Si. IN. per Share, making a total of 131. per Share called up. TO THE SHAREHOLDERS. Notice is hereby given, that the Directors have This Day made a Call of 2/. les. (Two Pounds Ten Shillings) per Share upon the whole of the , Shares composing the Capital of the Company, being in number 224,000 Shares, and lumbered 1 to 224,000 ; and that the said Call is required to be paid on or before TUESDAY, 20th day of February instant, to one or other of the Company's Bankers, viz. : The Union Bank of London, Princes-street, Mansion House, one of the Company's London Bankers. Messrs. Smith, Ellison, and Co., Lincoln. Messrs. Beckett and Co., Leeds_ Messrs. Swann and Co., York. Messrs. Moss and Co., Liverpool. Messrs. Jones, Loyd, and Co., Manchester. The British Linen Company, Scotland., A Call Letter, with full instructions, will be sent to each Proprie tor, showing the amount to be paid on his or her particular Shares. The attention of Shareholders y is particularly directed to the Com .. Railwa Clauses Consolidation Act" pany's Act, Sec. 8 , and to the 1545, Cap. le, Secs. 23 and 123, to the effect that if such Call be not paid on or before the dates fixed for the payment thereof, Interest thereon at the rate of 5 per cent. will be charged so long as such Call remains unpaid, and the Interest not only on those Shares but on ALL OTHERS which the Proprietor may hold in the Company will not accrae, will be forfeited, from that day until such Call in ar rear and Interest thereon be paid. Observe—This Call does not apply to Lonclan and York Extension Shares, either in Scrip, or Registered and Consolidated. Parties who have made payments in advance of Calls, are to dis regard this Notice. Transfers of Shares cannot be registered after this date, unless this Call be previously paid, and cannot under any eircamstanees be registered from the 10th to the 25tk instant, during which time the Books will be Closed, preparatory to the i falf-yearly General Meet ing of the Shareholders, to take place at the Albion Tavern, Alders gate-street, at Twelve o'clock on Thursday, the 24th day of February instant. By order, J. B. MOWATT, Secretary Company's Offices, 14, Moorgate-street, London, February 1, 1648. • LANCASHIRE,.& YORKSHIRE RAILWAY. PRESTON and WYRIC RAILWAY, BARBOUR, and DOCK COMPANY. Notice is hereby given, that the BOOKS in which Transfers of Shares in the Preston and Wyre Raißliley. Harbour, and Dock Com pany are Registered, will be CLOSED from and after Monday, the 14th February, to and inclusive of Wednesday, the lit March, 1848. By order, Manchester, January 27,1848. JOHN S. HERON, Secretary, NIEETING oF PARLIAMENT THE THIRD EDITIONS "THE SUN" WILL CONTAIN, AS USUAL, THE LATEST PARLIAMENTAItY INTELLIGENCE, ALL OTHER NEWS UP TO THE HOUR OF POST. Orders received by all Newsmen, and at the Sun.office, 112, Strand. r. W 071/ICE, FEB. 1. Uttlatmostwrzit, Lowest, 28 ; Highest, 34 ; Noot, 32. BARomETEu, 29 93. WIND N.W. by N.; fine clear frosty weather. WA.I'ER AT LONDON-MUDGE TUIS DAY. Horning.. 33 minutes after 10. I Evening .. 16 situates irter t. , ....A , . ......J., ' .5,.7' . 4, -."'- cf . 0, i 1.. i'. i 4 1 . • • :- ' :. : '' .-z r ,, ,, ~.„, • , ,,,,,,„ 1 ,,- . 11 „....-z ,.. : , , . , , . .-.A . ,... ,. ... ,. ,, e ' ... ' __,....., , b ", ti t' DI • - . b 40 tl .O , t 4),,;.., - LL • 1., 1; ~,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, „t , t. "1 , - ' • • ' ^-, OtceninAi LONDoN. TUESDAY. FEBRUARY 1, 1848 The pamphlet of Don VICENTE DE PEREDA on the affairs of Spain, to which we made allusion in The Sun of yesterday, is a most remarkable produc tion, and proves how those politicians err who, in speculating on the future destinies of Spain, leave out of their calculation the effect of that Espanolismo, which is the peculiar characteristic of Spaniards. The author, be it remembered, is a Progresista, and, after going at considerable length into the history and present state of parties in Spain, he comes to the conclusion " that a Spanish Prince alone can assure the independence of the country, and that he alone, by uniting all Spaniards, can form a truly national party:' To form a na tional party, he argues that it is necessary to calm down all those animosities which have hitherto divided the sons of a common country, and to have a leader in whom all can trust, but whose success will not afford a triumph to any one of the existing parties over any other. That this leader should be a Spanish Prince is obvious, as a Spanish Prince— and a Spanish Prince alone—can save Spain from becoming a province ; and he at last comes to the conclusion that the Count DB MONTEMOLIN is the only Prince who unites in his own person all the requisites for the head of the Spanish nation. He is a Prince of the Blood, of great talents, great courage, and undoubted integrity—he is no bigot, no absolutist, but would, so argues Don VICENTE DB PEREDA, govern as a friend of justice and legal liberty, in which case one of the first acts of his reign would be to assemble the Cortes according to the ancient laws of the kingdom (which would give a much larger constituency than Spain at present enjoys), and leave to them to form a constitution in accordance with the wants and wishes of the age—a constitution which should be a reality, and not a miserable mockery, like the present one, under the cover of which innumerable illegalities are daily per petrated. Such a course of condact would ensure for him the support of the Progresistas, and of all but the Afrancessado portion of the Moderados, while the Carlists would hail him as their legitimate sovereign. This, says Don VICENTE DE PEREDA, would be a restoration, not a reaction. The revolu tion against ESPARTERO was a true reaction, which has ended in the suppression of all con stitutional rights. The restoration of legitimacy would be the re-establishment of order, founded on the laws of the ancient constitutional monarchy, for the purpose of ensuring by them the secure and pro gressive march of improvement, which is the only practicable method of securing liberty. The author then proceeds to argue that the state of Spain is, in fact, analogous to the state of England at the death of CROMWELL ; and that, as in the case of England, so in that of Spain, a restoration must sooner or later follow. These senti ments, coming from a Progresista, are most remarkable, as showing the deep-rooted disgust and antipathy of the Spaniards for French interference. Before the Montpensier marriage, any one who had hinted at a union between Progresistas and Carlists would have been considered as only fit to become an inmate of a lunatic asylum. Now, not only is such an union probable, but it may be almost considered as un fait accompli. In the Eco del Comercio, there have appeared recently a series of articles, the object of which is to show that on the death of Queen ISABELLA the war for the Crown will be between the Count of MONTEMOLIN and the Spaniards on one side, and the Due de MONT PEMIER and the French on the other. It is, therefore, extremely probable that the result of all the intrigues of LOUIS PHILIPPE will be to secure a crown for his prisoner instead of his son, and to establish upon a firm basis the independence of Spain, instead of converting her into a fron tier province of the French Monarchy. The increasing ill-health of the Queen of SPAIN, and the pains that are taken to increase her tendency to disease, seem to render it probable that the day is not far distant when Spain will again become the theatre of a war of succession—a war in which the parties will meet upon much more equal terms than they ever did during the late Carlist contest, inasmuch as the quadruple treaty is at an end, and the French candidate for the throne can no longer count upon the active assistance of England. Public attention has recently been directed to the system under which public prosecutions, or rather, we should say, what ought to be public prosecutions, are conducted in this country. 'We have recently seen, at the Central Criminal Court, two persons charged with the commission of the most serious offence known to the law, placed upon their trial, without any counsel previously instructed appearing to conduct the case against them. Justice, however, was satisfied ; the majesty of the law was vindicated. A. learned gentleman who was accidently present in court, and who, at the solicitation of the presiding judge, examined the several witnesses, elicited the material facts necessary to warrant a conviction, and a verdict of guilty was obtained against the murderers, ' one of whom has since expiated his crime by an igno minious death. A great chance of escape was, however, afforded to the offenders, and a general feeling was ex cited that such en occurrence should not again be per mitted to take place, but that every important case should be conducted by public prosecutors, and that, for the future the aggrieved party, who may suffer either in purse or person, should not have his in. juries increased by being compelled to expend a considerable sum of money in protecting the interests of society. Nor should the guilty man be permitted to escape the punishment due to his crimes through the negligence or poverty of his victim. Another case has materially strengthened this feel- ing. A trader in this city had been induced to part with his property through the deep laid machinations of a gang of swindlers. His loss was a heavy one, but he did not remain inactive or supine. The moment his suspicions were awakened, and he became fully aware of the nature of the conspiracy against him, he fol lowed up the case with a zeal and energy which few persons could have exhibited. His exertions were not thrown away. He traced out the various acts of the swindlers, exposed their different schemes, and got up an overwhelming case against them. Propo sals were then made which would have been readily accepted by these who regarded their own pecuniary interests more than the public benefit. The value of the property obtained, together with all the expenses incurred in his investigations, would be paid forth- with, if he would connive at the escape of the persons by whom he had been defrauded ; but in vain. The upright and high-minded man spurned the sugges tion. He knew that a determined perseverance of his charge was essential to the protection of trade and of his brother tradesmen from similar frauds. He followed up the prosecution with the greatest vigour and efficiency, and succeeded in ob taining a conviction of the principal offenders, who had previously plundered his fellow-citizens to an enormous amount. And what was the result ? What reward was bestowed upon him by a grateful community ? His original loss was more than trebled ! The costs of the prosecution amounted to many hundred pounds, and, although his conduct was universally applauded, he had to defray the whole of these costs out of his own pocket, and furnished another proof of the truth of the assertion that it is much better to put up with the first loss than seek to bring the criminals to justice. The cases to which we have alluded of the possible escape of the murderers of Mr. BILIMILIMBERS, and the fraud on Mr. GRAY, must lead to the introduc tion of a better system, more analagous to the manner in which prosecutions are conducted in Scotland, to which we have already repeatedly directed the public attention. But, while we are thus anxious to see that no loop. hole should be left through which criminals may evade justice, there is another defect in the admini stration of the law that should not be lost sight of. Many innocent persons have been unjustly charged, and we regret to say, unjustly convicted, from want of means to bring forward the necessary witnesses for their defence, or to present that defence properly to the court and jury. There may be a strong prima facie case against a poor and igno rant man, which he may be wholly unable to rebut by his own unassisted exertions, and he may also lee unable to provide the funds necessary to obtain pro fessional assistance. The law presumes every man to be innocent until his guilt is proved, but he is subjected to a very unequal contest before he can make that innocence apparent. It is the humane principle of our criminal code " that it is better that ninety-nine guilty men should escape than that one innocent man should be unjustly convicted." And yet is that principle practically acted en ? Generally speaking—for the cases of defects in the prosecution form the exception rather than the rule—the chances are very much against the prisoner if he happens to be a person in humble life, and unable to fee counsel to act on his behalf. A practised and able barrister is usu ally retained against him, who, being instructed by a private individual, and not by the Crown, seeks rather to obtain a verdict than to further the ends of justice. Allegations are made which might be refuted if he were placed on equal terms with his opponents ; but such is not the case. Poor HOOD somewhere depicted such a trial as a few legal gentlemen throwing " the lasso" ,ever the neck of the unhappy wretch, who vainly endeavours to fly from the fatal cord ; and there wi s unhappily too much truth in the illustra tion. It. is in the spirit of the repealed law, which forbade 1 - 51 e assistance of counsel to a person accused of felony. True it is that the exertions of Mr. EWART and other legal reformers removed that blot fro= our statute-book, that stain from our cri minal jurisprudence. But, although it is so removed in theory , does it not still practically exist in the great mai ority of cases that are brought before our tribunals. :? How often do we read of prisoners being undefend .e d, when charged with the most serious offences, involving, if not the life, at least the liberty of the accused party, and his perpetual banish ment fro r his home and friends to the horrors of a penal c olony. If the humanity of the presiding Judge s Eould even assign counsel to act for the tra verser, such counsel is wholly uninstructed, and the etiquette of his profession prevents him from holding a conference with the defendant, or learning from his own lips the real facts of the cam . He may possibly succeed, but the chances are most undoubtedly fearfully against him. He is, / mr obably, wholly unacquainted with the cir curnstai ices until he hears thew detailed in evidence, and mu at trust to his ready wit, or to chance, to discover on what points that evidence is defective, or to elicit - facts on the cross-examination which may weaken .or upset the testimony of an opposing wit ness. 2 Natters should not be suffered to remain in such ast z tte. Every fair opportunity of proving his innocence should be afforded the person on his trial ; and whent ver his pecuniary resources did not enable him to obt sin professional assistance for himself, a counsel an, d attorney of competent skill and unim peached i i tegrity should be provided to manage his defence. 'Q Ise should have not only public prosecutors, but publi , :: defenders, who should act in every case where the prisoner does not wish to select his own profession s. advisers. The Cc mmittee appointed by the Swiss Diet to draw up a :reply to the note of the three Powers, have agreed upo v a solemn protestation against any at tempt at fok !ign interference in the affairs of Swit zerland. Monsign , LuGuET, Bishop of Herebon, the new Papal Envo3 to the Diet, has arrived at Lucerne; the former , gate, who took such an active part in support of t 3 Sonderbund, having been recalled. The canton of Scil wyz has rejected the new constitution. Letters frot n Rome ,of the 21st ult., state that Cardinal. R ov e SDI, Legate of Ravenna, will succeed Carding p„. A ETTI as Secretary of State, and that the latte to Ravenna as legate. r will g'. Mo drid papers o ,c the 25th ult. have a rrived. The only news th ey c • ) nt t , in is an announcement of the r' 4 " -appearance of ( larlis t guerillas in Catalonia. biLDIZID BOL3A, j Ao r. U.—The Three per Cents. ~. ..,.• - eh% • TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 1, 1848. closed at 27} at fifty days, but fell to 3-16 buyers and sellers after the close. Five per Cents., 164 buyers, and to 9.16 sellers after the close. Passive Debt, 5i to 1. Coupons, 141 sellers. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. The Moniteur Pariien says that the Government has received the following telegraphic dispatch from Perpignan : " A merchantman, which arrived this morning at Port Vendre, brings the news that the Cuvier was burnt and sunk on the 25th at Porto de Campos, near Palma ; the crew is saved." The Moniteur adds, the Minister of Marine has received no other news of this sad event. It would appear that the death of Madame ADIS LAID'? is not the only domestic affliction under which King Lours Purr...urn is suffering. The Semaine hints that the dissensions between the Duke DE NE MOURS and the Prince DE JOIIiVILLE have become so serious, that it is impossible for them to inhabit the same palace ; and that the Prince DB JorNinuric's recent cruise on the coasts of Italy, and his intended visit to Algiers, have been undertaken solely to keep him away from the palace, in order to prevent an out break, which, from the ungovernable temper of the Prince there would be reason to dread, should the two brothers come frequently in contact with each other. The same journal says that General LAMORICIERE has some curious revelations to make on the subject of the engagements entered into by him with Ann- EL-KADER, and confirmed by the Duc D'AUMALE. A letter from Toulon says that ARD-FL-KADBR, no longer placing implicit trust in the words and promises of General LAMORICIERE and of the Duc D'AUMALE, wrote to Marshal BUGEAUD to request him to interfere with the Government fer the execu tion of the treaty. The Marshal's answer to ADD EL-KADER was, that he need not reckon on the exe• cution of the treaty, but that he would find in France the greatest attention, and all the religious tolerance he could desire ; for that all religions were by the Charter placed upon an equality—that he need only name the place at which he desired to fix his resi dence, and that there the Government would build a small mosque for his use. This answer very much discouraged the Emir. Sir STRATFORD CANNING has arrived in Paris. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, JAM. 3L Boulogne and Amiens, 135/8 —Luxembourg, I—Northern of France, 111/ q —Paris and Lyons, 5 3 4—Paris and Rouen, 35 , 4—Rouen and Havre, 175/(3—Sambre and Meuse, 7 1 4 West Flanders, 1%. THE CONFIRMATION OF DR. HAMPDEN. JUDGMENT OF THE QUEEN'S BENCH. (THIS DAY.) (Before the Loan CHIEF JUSTICE, and Justices PITTESON, COLERIDGE, and ERLE.) THE QUEEN V. THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. Soon after nine o'clock this morning the court began to evince unmistakable signs that some matter of more than ordinary importance was about to come before it, and by a quarter to ten o'clock the lobby and the galleries of the court were crowded almost to inconvenience. A great many ladies were present, and the attendance of barristers was almost greater than on any of the days on which this important case was argued. Lord Campbell, Lord Monteagle, and the Bishop of Llandaff, occupied seats on the bench The Learned Judges took their seats at five minutes after ten o'clock. Mr. Justice ERLE then proceeded to give his j udg ment, at which time the utmost stillness prevailed throughout the crowded assembly. He said this was an application for a mandamus to be directed to the Archbishop of Canterbury, stating that the persons who applied for it objected to the confirmation of the Rev. Dr. Hampden, Bishop elect of the see of Here ford, upon the ground of the unsoundness of some of the theological opinions published by him, and calling upon him to direct this Court to hear the grounds of op position. In support of the application it was con tended that the Archbishop was called upon to confirm the election of a Bishop by the Dean and Chapter, in accordance with the 25th of Henry VIII., c. 30, and as stated in the letter missive of the king, within twelve days, and by the second section, that in case of such nomination of presentment, thp Archbishop should with all speed consecrate the person so elected by the Dean and Chapter, without any consultation or inter ference of the see of Rome; and, secondly, that in case the Dean and Chapter should elect the person so named in the letter-missive, then that the election should stand good and effectual for all intents and purposes, and that the person so elected, after certifi cation by the king, should take the name and be known as the " lord-elect of the said bishopric ;" and that the validity of the said election having been shown to the king, that he should signify his: com mand that the election of the said bishop be confirmed, and should require the archbishop to invest and consecrate the person elected; and, further, by sec tion 7, if any archbishop, after any such election or nomination should be signified to him, should refuse to confirm or consecrate the person so elected or non elected, within twenty days, that he should be liable to the pains and penalties of prseminure. They con tended upon these sections that they bad, neverthe less, a right to be heard. Upon a review of the statute, it appeared to him that the power of nomi nating to a vacant bishopric was given to the king, and that the archbishop had no authority to judge whether the king had properly exercised that power or not. In default of election, the king nominated the archbishop to confirm, and made him liable to preaminure if he did not confirm within twenty days ; and in this case it was not intended that the archbishop was empowered to sit in judgment upon the propriety of the kin g 's nomination. The King being supreme, the arch bishop was commanded to consecrate, whether he approved of the person or not, and the Dean and Chapter were expressly commanded to elect the per son named in the letter of the King. This being the case, there came the question, whether these parties, in the meaning of the words, were to be entitled to oppose the confirmation, and whether the bishop should adjudge whether the person should be con firmed or not. According to the tenor of the st atute, as he construed it, it seemed that tie Archbishop was bound to confirm, notwithstanding parties mig ht op pose. The election and confirmation were declared to be good to all intents and purposes, and, therefore, it was a contradiction of terms to say that an election which was declared of this nature by the statute was, n evertheless, incomplete and inconclusive. Confir mtion showed in reality that it was consist ent with this provision, and the statement that the person so elected was to be styled the " Lord Bishop Elect comes under the same definition. The statement in the preamble brought them to the 23 d section, from which he gathered that the object of the Act was to take away from the Pope any power in the appoint ment of a bishop in this realm: it stated that great inconvenience had arisen from the delays and exactions of the Pope, and that, therefore, provision wits made for the King to nominate bishops for the future, and to be empowered to call upon the Archbishop to consecrate the person so elected after the like manner of divers ar chbishops in ancient times, and it was a remarkable fact, that the person so elected was to make oath of fealty- b e f o re the com mand to consecrate was issued. The com mand of thed e King was inconsistent with the right here whether contend for on the part of the Archbishop, to deci the party nominated shall be confirmed or not. I d f analogy were consulted, no reaso n could be suggeste why the nomination of the King by letters . should not be absolute. It was no doubt deemed . fig h t to preserve the technicality of citation. The citation of all opposers to appear was materially relied upon from an early period—at least from the reign . of . Queen Elizabeth—as also the power of the bishop to inquire. These grounds were, in his judgment, untenable. It was said that confirmation possessed a technical sense, to be found in the common law, and . that the . right of the peopl e to oppose the confirmatio.nd o a f n b d ish t o h p a s t had been exercised throughout the confirmation opposers had a right to demand it drginent upon their oljections. On the other hand, it was contened that the people had not the right 'contended for. The question then turned upon the co nstruction to be yut upon the statute. The Learned Judge Navin recited the principal points of the statute, proceeded to say that references to history led him to the conclusion that the object of the statute was to give the Cr?wn the sole power of appointment, and that the business of the Dean and Chapter, an d the Archbishop, was merely ministerial. The Act m eant that nomination should take place as before the passing of the Act, and the Parliament of the day, be no taken i n n its usual sense intended that the word " confirm " should— in the sense be had stated. If the confirmation hsd been more than a mere matter ofxormsed, forin, there was no doubt that it would have been eercised. , but no . one instance had been put forward in which the righ . t here contended for had been used and admitted any country or in any time. The industry mani fested had been great. Foreign as well as English legal and other writers had been referred to, yet only one case had been cited, namely, the opposition to Bishop Montague, during the time of Charles I.; hut no decision with respect to that case . had been re ported. It appeared i t did not result in anything. Two or three other cases were cited, but no result was come to in any of them ; and writers of autho- a length to the manner in which confirmations of this have we had a specimen of a kindred arrange rity—Coke and Blackstone—used no expression to j bishops had taken place prior to the Reformation, and Tal ent in the Nagpore state, under Sir Richard Jen indicate that the right in question was stated to since, and concluded a most learned and elaborate kins, though a less brilliant example than the Pun exist. Many of the ancient writers who had been judgment, by stating his opinion to be—an opinion cited on the other side spoke forcibly against the which he confessed he had come to not without con- jaub, of what may in this way be done, ought to right contended for. After some other observations, siderable doubt and difficulty—that the rule for a man- have been sufficient for our instruction and guidance. the Learned Judge concluded by saying that, after damus ought to be made absolute. The Bunoor expedition is threading its way riving the best attention that he could give t o the Mr. Justice PATTESON then delivered his judg- through the passes ;it has hitherto met with no ob subject, he had to come to the conclusion that the ment at considerable length. He was clearly of struction save those physical obstacles present, and it upposed right did not exist, and that the rule for a opinion that the confirmation of a bishop by the is not supposed it will meet with any. The Seikh mandamus ought to be discharged. archbishop was a judicial and not a ministerial act, Mr. Justice COLERIDGE next delivered his judg- and that such being the case the opposition to the soldiers have behaved themselves admirably ; their ment. He said the case had been argued with great consecration of the bishop ought to have been heard. discipline has astonished our officers, considering the ability, and that he regretted, from the active nature mHaenwdaams,utshoeruegfhortet,oobfeogprianniotned.that the rule for the recency of their organisation. They are a fine, high of his duties, that he had been precluded from giving spirited, martial people, hardy, bold, brave, and that deep examination to the subject which he had Lord DENMAN then delivered s his judgment at con- temperate. wished, and went on to say that he regretted this the siderable length, and after indignantly and eloquently m ore because he felt himself called upon to differ expressing his surprise at the attacks that had been It is said that the Dooel Moolraj is anxious to place with his brother Erie , and , h e believed, with the Lord made in the course of the arguments upon Archbisho p looltan more immediately under our wing; in fact, Chief Justice. He admitted that the inquiry was ill- Cranmer, an d go i ng a t grea t length i n t o th e A c t s o f in place of there being any aversion to an English suited to the judge, who felt called upon to declare Parliament th a t governe d the case, stated his opi- administration, such as that of the Punjaub, the like• t h e l aw as it is, not as it ought to be ; and also that, nion clearly to be th a t th e rule n isi that had been ob- iihood is that it will become the envy of the adjoining' fr o m the antiquity of the authoriti es on tke subject, tamed for a man d amus oug ht t o b e discharged, states. Th e h ere dit ar y i ns titutions, and all their and from the various branches into which the law was considerin g that if the Court adopted any other course divided, that a judge exp erienced more than ordinar y the y would be g iv ing encouragement to those thee- nationality, is spared to them ; it is, in fact, the native difficulty in dealing with them. It wa s im p ossible l ogical animosities which he lamented to see existing custom in fashion and appearance, made of English for a judge to express strong confidence in them. in the Church. His clear opinion was that the rule materials, such as y ou see ever y da y ever y where It was, however, satisfactory t o him to be enabled to ou g ht to be dischar g ed . around on the identical man. state, though ho gave his opinion with the utmost The result is, that two judges are in favour of Smallpox has broken out in Scinde, and is commit confidence, that any error of judgment on his part making the rule absolute, Mr. Justice Coleridge and ling sad ravages, otherwise the country is healthy. would not be final. He believed also that the den-Mr. Justice P a tt eson ; w hil e L or d D enman an d M r . ger which would arise from the people not being Justice Erle are of opinion it should be discharged. The Commissioner is proceeding meanwhile very allowed to oppose the election of their bishops, and Their Lordships were three hours and forty minutes quietly with his arrangements, probably avoiding to the danger to the Church, though he admitted there delivering their judgments. make any such sudden attack as to give offence or was danger, had been much exaggerated. He considered that the applicants were entitled to the OVERLAND MAIL create alarm ; he is preparing to have the whole of mandamus for which they had applied. The Court the old system overturned. Depend upon it, if you e xercised jurisdiction over a ll inferior courts, and the are to have India well governed, it must be oo fact that parties who had a ri g ht to a pp ear in one of through the ability of men familiar with the country the inferior courts were refused a hearing was a suffi- and intimate with the habits and usages of the natives. cient reason to his mind to grant a mandamus. If Mr. Clarke and his councillors, Mr. Pringle and the statement was true in this case, and he saw no his assistants, have made the country and its inha reason to deny it, he thought it could not be bitants their study for half a century, and no men are denied that it was within the province of more likely to arrange matters discreetly, durably, this Court to call up on the inferior court and wisely in the new province than they. to do what was right. It mi g ht be said that the lower court was not an inferior one. Eccle. siastical Courts were not withdrawn from the au thority which that Court exercised by mandamus over all inferior courts. They could not, indeed, determine the nature of their proceedings, but they could review them by way of appeal after. Of course they were the best judges of the practice which should be adopted in them. Nevertheless they could compel an ecclesiastical or any other judge to do his duty, or to restrain those who were about to step beyond it. In the case of the King v. the Church wardens of Bedford, this Court refused a mandamus, saying the subject was one which ought to have been carried into one of the Ecclesiastical Courts, and he did not question the propriety of the decision. The subject had relation to the collection of tithes, and the parties were forced to go to one of these courts in the first instance. There was no ground for believing that their case would not be dealt with ; but, at any rate, they were to go there before they could come to this Court. With respect to the case of the King v. the Justices of Caer narvon, Mr. Justice Holroyd said, if only one side was heard he should consider it equivalent to no hearing at all, and should consent to the issuing of a mandamus. They must, therefore, look at the facts. l'o secure a full and complete administration of jus tice they were to regard this whole matter as a sub stance, and not as a mere matter of form. If the statements of the applicants were well founded the whole hearing has been no hearing, and the decision no decision, and the applicants had no power of appeal. There were no parties, and there can be no appellants. Considerable stress had been laid by the parties opposing the application on the argument that the parties had no interest in the application. It appeared to him, however, that they had an interest in the question. If this were a mere form, the citation to appear would also be a mere mockery, and interest to the parties or to any body there could be none, and the applicants would have no right to waste the time of the Court, or the Court to listen to the application. The relation in which two of them stood, as incum bents of the diocese, gave them, in his opinion, an in terest in the faith and doctrine of their bishop. With respect to the meaning of the 25th Henry VIII., c. 20, it was certainly not what Henry VIII. wished or intended, but the true meaning of whatayas written, that they were to inquire into, and if it were to be con tinued even according to the intentions of that mon arch, he had no reason to believe that it would be found unfavourable to the view which he took of the subject. The question, however, was not Quid volanti Rex, but Quid Parliamentum recti. The question, for the first time raised for a judicial deci sion, was, what was the interpretation to be put on the command to confirm, invest, and consecrate. It had been said that it conferred a new duty upon the Archbishop, and invested him with new functions and duties, which were entirely ministerial in their nature. Upon the other side, it WAS contended that confirma tion was a solemn, important, and judicial act, and one which from the earliest ages of the Christian Church it had been the duty of the Archbishop to perform, by virtue of his office. Those who main tained this ground, of course, took upon themselves a large burden of affirmative proof, and they proceeded to show what confirmation meant in the earliest ages of the Christian Church. If the word "confirma tion" were not to be construed in this manner, the statute would only have the effect of misleading. It was right also to examine what, in point of fact, was done at the time or in succeeding ages in the matter of confirmation. There were, then, four heads of inquiry to be gone into, the first, third, and fourth, might be considered for the most part as inquiries into mere matters of fact ; the third was a question of construction. He did not propose to go through the whole of the facts which had been brought forward. It was sufficient for him to state that the applicants had made out a case so clear and so strong , as to:raise a belief in his mind that the conclusion to which they came was such, and that they were entitled to the writ which they asked for. By the practice of this Court in issuing mandamus absolute certainty was not required as the ground for such issue'; the ques tion is generally more properly decided afterwards upon the record in a higher court. With respect to the historical evidence which had been adduced, if the question were before a jury, and the judge were summing up, it would be his duty to tell them that the question was to be considered with all reasonable allowance for the circumstances under which the evi dence had been produced, such as the remoteness of the period, and the length of the chain of evidence which was sought and required in the case, and that to make out this case through a period of trouble and disturbance as clear as would be required in an ordi nary transaction would be impossible. The Court would, in such a oase as the present, he apprehended, decide as they did a short time since with respect to an application to alter the statutes and foundations of one of the Universities at Cambridge, in the case of the Queen v. Archdale. The province of the Court ap peared to him to be more of a grand than a petty jury, they were simply to inquire w hether enough was proved to allow the ca se to go any further. The evidence with respect to the c onfirmation had extended to the apostolic ag e ; he was content, how ever, to go no further back than the age of the] coun cils, to which reference had been made, as their authority had been recognised by statutes passed since the period of the Reformation, Ist of Elizabeth, c. 1, s. 36. The councils of Nice and Chalcedon had been referred to, in which it was stated that the confirmation of the bishop was in the discretion and power of the archbishop. And what could be more reasonable than that such should be the case, and that the consecration of the bishop should be in the hands of the party to whose visitatorial inspection he was subjected ? It had been said that these foreign canons had no authority in the English Church. Now, when they spoke of the English Church, they spoke of a Church in connexion with, or a branch of, the Roman Catholic Church. The decretals of the councils were held as authority at Rome, and would also be regarded as such in this country. The Church in this country was governed by the 'general canon law, but it was also governed in smaller matters of detail by the canons of local or provincial synods, of which Linwood and other text writers have written. They were not intended to overrule the general canons. 25 Henry VIII., c. 19, recited in the preamble the existence of these several canons, and enacted the appointment of a commission on the subject, which, however, was never appointed. When, therefore, the decretals are quoted by the canonists and text writers, they must presume that they spoke truth on those matters, and it was his opinion that the election of a bishop was subject to the confirmation of the archbishop, and that such confirmation was a judi cial and not a ministerial proceeding. It had also been said by the party opposing the application that the inquiry of the archbishop at the confirmation was simply one of identity, referring only to the personi electi, and not to the personi electiones. It was a sufficient answer to that to say that no case could be adduced where such an inquiry had ever been instituted. Several of the cases on the other hand, cited by . Mr. Badeley, proved exactly the re verse. The appointment of Robert, Bishop of Bath and Wells, was set aside by the refusal of the Arch bishop to confirm, on the ground of the bishop elect being a pluralist. A second person was ap pointed, who was also refused in like manner, and the parties appealed to the Pope, but, through the threats of the Archbishop, who stated his intention to resign if his decision were reversed, the confir mation was not proceeded with, and the Pope ap pointed and consecrated a bishop himself. Orford, the fourteenth Bishop of Ely, was also refused confirmation by the Archbishop, but, upon appeal to the Pope, was consecrated upon the spot; the expenses of the appeal having amounted to the sum of 15,000/., a very large sum in those day*. The Learned Judge then referred at considerable (From the Herald.) An Extraordinary Express has brought us letters and papers from India, in advance of the Overland Mail, with dates from Bombay of January 1; Cal cutta, December 21 ; and Delhi, December 20. Nothing later from China. Of course, our first at tention is directed to the state of commercial affairs at Calcutta; and here we are glad to find that the worst is believed to have passed. Rumours, it is true, were rife as to the suspension of three or four additional firms ; but only two were known to have succumbed to the pressure of the times, via., Messrs. Colville, Gilmore, and Co.; and B. T. Ford and Co. Disastrous and wide-spread as have been the effects in Calcutta, arising out of the late failures in England, they are not so extensive as was at first contemplated would be the case. Trade of necessity is paralysed, and matters look gloomily enough ; but we confess we were prepared for more ruinous consequences than have yet occurred, or are likely to occur, from the pastiaspect of things. In Bombay, too, we are grati fied to learn that no further failures have taken place ; and though trade is dull, there is an improvement in the markets, which may be considered remarkable facts at a time like this. We say, therefore, that the commercial intelligence from these two Presidencies is not so bad as we apprehended it would have proved; but, on the contrary, matters are looking somewhat upward, which we are inclined to anticipate will be more decidedly apparent on the arrival of the next mail. MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. Casualties by death in the armies of India, reported since the departure of the mail of 15th Dec. Her Majesty's Troops—Lieut. G. L. Woodd, 8(;th Regiment, at Bombay, on the 22d Dec., Lieuten ant H.C. Cardew, 94th Regiment, at sea, on board the Mary Ann, on his way home—date not given. Bombay—Lieutenant C. F. Tolfray, 4th Rifles,, at Kurrachee, on the 7th December. Major G. St.. B. Browne, 7th Regiment at Kotree, Sinde, on the 7tk December. Madras—Ensign J. A. Wright, 39th Regin tent, at Coimbatore, on the Ist December, Captain; J. Clifton, commanding 7th Nizam's infantry, at Ellfich pore, on the 20th Dec. Bengal—Captain J. Sibbley, 54th Regt., at Mug soorie, on the 9th Dec. THE BOMBAY MARKET. (From the 15th to the 31st December.) The tone of our markets is much the same as at the date of our last, that for imports beinif in a healthy state, though somewhat more quiet than it was, whilst the export one continues depressed., and in the accounts to band on the 28th instant per Over- [and Mail, we see nothing to change the relative position of either. Money, though somewhat scarce, is much. leas so than is usually the case at this season, or was ex- pected, but the Bank of Bombay has deemed it re quisite to raise its rates of discount, &c., one per cent. since last mail. Cotton Piece Goods—We have had a further sup ply of these fabrics by the arrival of some vessels i u the early part of the fortnight, and which, added t what were received towards the close of the first Of political news, we have nothing of particular importance. Of the little war in Oude, and of the trifling insurrection at Goomson, nothing need be said, for they are , altogether too insignificant for notice. Of the vast empire of India, it may be said, all is tranquillity and peace ; thanks to the wisdom, firmness, and moderation of the noble and gallant Hardinge. That venerable warrior has accom plished this arduous mission, and now re turns to his country and his home, amidst shouts of congratulation and the respect of the scattered mil lions, who have reason to bless the hour when the government of India was entrusted to his care. The Noble Lord reached. Calcutta on the 11th of Decem ber, where he would remain until the arrival of Lord Dalhousie, which was shortly expected. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONMINT.) BOMBAY, JAN. 1, 1848. A dispatch was last night received from the resi dent at Baroda, intimating the demise of his High ness the Guicower, who had been long dangerously ill. His Highness leaves seven sons, the eldest of whom will succeed him. The most plcaning item of-Lutolligence I can this mail give you is that of the improvement in the state of our markets, which though not very consi derable, has occurred in the face of the unhappy news from home. No more bankruptcies have oc• curred amongst us, and none are apprehended as in prospect, Trade is dull, but money somewhat less scarce than it usually is at this season of the year. The Governor-General arrived at Calcutta on the 12th ult., and met a most cordial welcome from the inhabitants. He has been just two years and two months absent from the capital ; in this time our foreign relations or policy and our principles of action have been revolutionised. A deputation of the inhabitants waited on him on his arrival to pre sent him with an address. It contained a hearty welcome and warm eulogy on his conduct during his absence. The reply of his lordship is a model in its way—short and to the point, full of sound sense and right feeling. He states that our `armies are now sufficient in strength to protect 19,000 miles of frontier, from the Himalayas to Cape Comorin ; that all the enemies on our borders have been subdued, and that the career of peace improve ment now fairly commenced, he hopes to see perse vered in—internal intercourse promoted—arts, in dustry, and education protected and fostered. A meet ing has been summoned to take into consideration the importance of erecting a monument to his Lordship,and I have no doubt such a memorial will be got up as India never witnessed the like before. At Bom bay it is hoped the fruits of the subscription will be devoted to the establishment of a school of industry, to be called the Hardinge Institution. No more appropriate monument to one who has given peace to India could be erected, than one devoted to instruction in the arts of peace. Our railways will immediately require some such semi nary; they will never be worked with advantage till they are so by the children of the soil, and never can these be resorted to until well and carefully in structed. Lord Dalhousie is about this time at Madras. lie will net be at Calcutta for ten or twelve days to come. The administration of Lord Hardinge will open on us a new era is India, and give a new tone and character to the Government of England in the East. The Government of India have resolved to allow 10,0001. a year for some years to come, to be bestowed on experiments on the cultivation of tea on the banks of the Beas, in our newly-acquired Seikh dominions, and in Simla districts. The country here is from 1,000 to 4,000 feet above the level of the sea, having valleys from sixty to eighty miles from one extremity to the other, and from two to three across, sweeping along the banks of the rivers. They are divided from each other by moun tain ridges of moderate elevation—increasing in alti tude towards the north, where they approach the higher Himalayas. The best of these are at pre• sent covered thick with snow. The climate is healthy and delightful, villages are already springing up in all directions. Sir J. Davis has been directed to pro cure a supply of seed, and to send from the first tea gardens in China some of the best cultivators that can be found. At present the people in the north west provinces, to whom tea is the greatest of luxuries, are supplied with it from across the fron tier ; it is enormously dear and bad in quality, and gets deteriorated on the way. Major Napier has taken up his appointment, and commenced operations as superintendent of roads and canals in the Punjaub, on which 30,0001. a-year is for some time to come to be expended ; the Durbar promising to allow 60,0001. so soon as the state of the treasury will permit. Eu ro p ean cultivation continues to advance: turnips are now to be seen around Lahore. I had a letter from Colonel Lawrence a fortnight since, s tating that tools a nd im p lements of the best construction, with Seikh workmen, were either to be sent down to Bombay to receive instruction in the arts or Bombay tradesmen well instructed to be sent to Lahore. The Punjaub administration will be an example to all India, not because of its being under our govern ment—for the Company's dominions In which no progress has been made have been ours for centuries —but because we have a Native Government feeling their own independence and responsibilities, but only , on the suggestion of English councillors. Once before half of the month, appears to have supplied th e demand for the present, and the market ha therefore been in a much less active stat e during the last ten days than it was pre e viously; prices, however, are without change, except for shirting in the grey, of which large sales have been made, at, in some instance's, a slight concession in price. Maddapolam, long cloth, and coarse domestic, are the descriptions that. have continued to enjoy an advantage in demand; and prices of which, with those for jacconet in the grey, are well supported. In bleached goods, Mad dapolam of low quality (thirty-one inches) has been a good deal inquired for, and jacconet up to middling quality has been in some request, but all other kinds are neglected. Fancy goods—Orange pine dresses, as well as zebra, are in good demand, especially the' former, which are scarce; as also book muslin up' to medium quality, and dyed mulls. Grey mulls are also - inquired for, as well as bleached up to middling Tuaiity, but lappets of all kinds are dull of sale_ urkey red dyed plain cloth, for which prices had ars upward tendency at the date of our last, has again receded in value, owing to some rather large sales at~ as luvvrr figure. Twilled continues in good demand, as also are mulls, both of which are scarce. Prints in, this dye are very dull of sale. Cotton yarn, in the grey, has been more inquired( for since our last, and some large sales of mule have been effected at rather lower prices for inferior, but full ones for the better qualities. Of water there have also been some sales, and such of both as haves' come to our knowledge are undernoted. Orange and- the best quality of Turkey red continue in demand, but inferior of the latter is quite neglected. Mule-160 bales 3001 b. each (20-80ths 30-80.11u0' 64 74) 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ; 150 do. do. 7 71 82; 141 do. do., 61 7 74 8i; 550 do. do., 74 74 9 10 104 121 141 16 ; 100 do. do., 64 7 74. Water-150 bales 3001 b. each, 71 74 9 ; 80 ditto' ditto, 7 7i- 84. Woollens—For save list cloth there is some littler inquiry, bat the prices offered are still low and we' hear of no transactions. Flannel is neglected. Metals—Swedish bar iron continues in demand, as does also British. In the latter a sale of a cur rent assortment has been made at a full price,' but much higher would be given for one'' consisting of square and roun d only. °i nstil rod, sheet, and hoop iron, some sales have been' effected as noted below, the prices obtained foe: square nail rod and hoop being something under oar last quotation.—Copper continues steady, and sevecall sales of braziers' have been made at our quotations , . with one of South American of very inferior quality —the latter just before the departure of the last -mail -Spelter as well as steel has further receded in vo" lue, as will be seen by our report of sales, 'out the quality of the latter sold is said to be infeitor.- 111 lead or tin plates no transactions reported, y nd price are unchanged. Iron-1,300 candies British bar, at Siirs.; 12 0 ditto ditto square nail rod, 434r5.; 1,120 ditto ditto ditto, 43r5.; 1,000 bundles ditto round dit to, 46/0. per candy ; 600 ditto ditto sheet, 74r5.; 600 ditto hoop, 61rs. per cwt. Copper-600 cwt. braziers', at 624r5.; '2OO ditto ditto, 624r5.; 200 ditto ditto, 62 irs.; 76 5 di tto South American ingot, 34rs. per cwt. Spelter-40 0 cwt. at ll4rs. per cwt.; 11:10 cwt. 4 114r5.; 1,475 cwt. at 1 Irs. Steel-150 cwt. tub and 950 cwt. faggNit at 8 11 ' per cwt. Cochineal continues scarce, and a sm• ill impor t since our last sold readily at our extreme quotation' whilst a sale of 8,700 lbs. to arrive has be en,effecte d at 44rs. per lb. Saffron has improved in demand and waluef two parcels having sold in the fortnight at I.4rs. for 2001b. ' and lqrs. for 175, both of good qualliV with 10016. of rather inferior at 12rs. per lb. • d , Beer in cask is wanted, but none to be h. A recent import of English bottled Allsop, Barclay and - Friend, has sold readily at Gs. Pe dozen, the quality being a great improvement upon what has been coming forward for a long time past. Spirits—Owing to a recent import of a rather large quantity from Bordeaux direct, the price of brandy has given way materially, rs 3 per gallon being the present rate, and at which 210 hhds. have been tII posed of. Of gin we hare heard of no sales. , EXPORTS. Cotton Wool—The accounts f rom h om e, - se 10 , 1 ! as those last received from Chi na , continuiiis be most unfavourable for this staple, rili ee have further given way since our last, and „ market has still a dull and: declining appearstli eQ , At one time during the fortnight there was a sti inclination to an increase of business, but since t.', 6 arrival of the China (26th) and Overland M SOP . (28th instant) transactions seem to have been pu 4 , stop to, the undernoted purchases having been mita' previous thereto. Several small parcels of cotton from Dharwar, the produce of American seed, lasS e arrived in the last fortnight, and the same is 5E113 1 4 at 112 rs. to 115ra. per candy ; the quality is inferior t.L$ that sold by Government in the early part of the year;,_ and the prices quoted are therefore, under prese nt ' circumstances, high ones. Other parcels are Inowo to be on the way to this port, and for the future r 1( doubt our market will be regularly supplied with it. Purchases-600 candies Compta, at re. 82 ; 30() candies Mangalore rs. 80 to 81 ; 500 bales Dollars, rs. 794 ; 4,200 bales Broach, of the new crop, to ar rive, ra. 90 per candy. Sheeps' Wool—The market has been dull, 1 end very small quantity has changed hands, purchasers such being chiefly native shippers. Opium—About 250 chests of new have arrived, the quality of which is favourably reported on, lin o !: for which 950 rs. per chest is asked; but as yet n o thing has been done in it; nor have we heard of any transactions in old, prices of which are nominal. TONNAGE. The rate of freight to Great Britain is m uch , l tb , e j same now as last reported, what few transactions v,: had effect in the interim having been done s 31. 12s. 6d., at V. 15s. for Liverpool, and 3 1 15 '; to for London, and under 31. 15 s. tonnage .1% - n be had for either port to-day. For Chime r 's ye"' •, • Am. Now ready, 1 vol. Svo., with illustrations, price 14s. bound, T " BUSHMAN; Or, LIFE in a NEW COUNTRY. By E. W. LANDOR, Esq. " Full of geiuine information and interest. We recommend our readers to make its acquaintance."—Athenzum. " Mr. Landor is fall of original information, and buoyant with good spirits."—Britannia. " Full of amusing and interesting shifts of a settler."—Weekly Chronicle. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, (Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty). 'rf