The Sun. — London, England, 1848-04-12 00:00:00

COLISURN'S STANDARD NOVELS. !Cow ready, the New Volume, price 55. bound, with Po rtra it, MRS. ARMYTAGE; Or, FEMALE DOMINATION. By Mrs. GORE. Mrs. Armytage is not only a well written book, but a book with st.N.cellent purpose, most discreetly worked out. It stea n. ands "—Bxa the test Ka second reading , as only a thoroughly good book . Sr. That delectable specimen of Mrs. Gore's skill—Mrs. Armytage, Or Female Doratnation."—Quarterly Review. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlboroulih-street. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. M. THALBERG. (3E-AND SACRED, CLASSICAL, and MISCELLANEOUS CONCERT, on MONDAY EVENING, April 17. it is respectfully announced that on MONDAY EVENING, April 1 7, "du be given a GRAND CONCERT, with great Orchestra, Chorus, Ike, on whieh occasion M. Thalberg will execute the following 1 1 . 44 Grand Concerto in C minor .. • • • • .. Beethoven. 2. Fantasia on Subjects from Mozart's Don Giovanni Thalberg. 3. Fantasia on Subjects from Auber's Mass lio • • Thalberg. 4. " Lieder Ohne Worte" • • • • • • .. Mendeissohn. The Vocal portion will include Madame Tadolint, Mdlle, Schwartz, And Millie Sofia Cruvelli. 3fddllc Vera, etrtor Gardoni, Signor Belletti, 64r:or Coletti. Signor Bouch6, And Signor Lablache, AXd comprise selections from the works of Mozart, Beethoven, Clack, Mandelssotrn, Weber, Spontini, &c., and include a Grand Trto coy Three Basses,hy Me,yer beer —Signori Lablache, Belletti, and Cele 1. Signor F. Labiache, Signor Cuzzani, Conductor, M. Balle. Prices of Admission. .......... ........... • . 2 and 3 guineas Pit Stalls ••• • . .• • •••••• • • • • • . . 10s. 61 each. Pit Tickots— .• ...... •• • • ••• • • ss. Od. each. Gallery Stalls • • ••••• • • • • 51. Od. each. Gallery Tickets • • .... •• • ..... 2s. 6d. each. Dcors open at Half-past Sewn, and the Concert to commence at Sight o'clock. NM. A second Grand Concert will be presented on Wednesday morning, April 19. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. The Last Night but One before Easter. The Nobility Gentry, Subscribers to the Opera, and the pub- Ile are respectfully announced that an EXTRA NIGHT will take place TO-MORROW EVENING, April 13, when will be performed, Den Letti's Opera, entitled LUCREZIA BORGIA Locrezia, 11 , 1dlle. Sofia Crnreill 3fdlle. Schwartz ; Gen aro, Signor Ganioni ; Gabetta, Bouche ; and Alfonso, Signor Lablache. After which a Divertissement, in which Mdlle. Rosati and Mdlle. Uarte faglioni will appear. To be followed by Selections from Verdi's Opera of NINO. Abigail, Mdlle. Abbadia ; Fenena, Mille. Vera; Finns, Signor COlettl ; Idaspe, Signor Cuzzani; and Oratesphe, Signor Beletti. To conclude with the highly successful New and Original GRAND BALLET, In Four Tableaux, by M. Paul Taglloni, entitled FIORITA, et la Refine des Elfrides, Principal parts by Mdlle. Caroline Rosati, Mdlles. Esther A umundon, rhevenot, Julienne, Lamoureux, Jenny, M. Louis Dor, M. Di Matta, Venafra, Gonriet, and Mdlle. Marie Taglioni. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. CIRQUE NATIONAL DM PARIS. LAST WEEK, PREVIOUS TO 7IIE EASTER HOLIDAYS. T IRS E VENINO, A Change of Entertainm•_nts.—The Mane on trained Horses by lOUs. Caroline and Mathilde. New and Original Acts of Equits.- tton by Mills. Palsnyre, Anato, F. Stanley, E. Lambert, Coralie, Ducom, Le petit An,tto, &c. &c.— Extraordinary Equestrian Per: formances— Novel anti grotesque Pantorrhnic representations by.MM. Adolphe Franconi, Loisset, Newsome, Wehle, Auriol, Leclair, Auriol, Ls, le petite Loisset, &c. Performance to commence at Eight. Second price, ilalf-past Nine THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. - Baler the Management al Mr. B. Webster, sole Lessee. THIS IVENING Will be performed the Comedy of THE HYPOCRITE. Sir John Lambert, Mr. Tilbury; Dr. Cantwell, Mr. Farren ; Colonel Lam bert, Mr. H. Farrell ; Mawworm, Mr. Keeley ; Old Mrs. Lambert, Dirs. Glover; Charlotte, Mrs. N sbett. iiter which, a new comic DrAma, entitled LXVATER THE PHY3IOGNOMIST ; and Good Judge :00. Lavater, Mr. Webster ♦ytacs, Miss Fortescue. To conclude with THE CABIN BOY. eitage 3l onager, Mr. Fart en; Acting Manager, Mr. F. Web:ter. J. T. Archer, Dow.-ieook. keeper. Boxes, 55. ; Pit, 3s. ; Gallery, 2s. ; tipper Gallery, Is. Dorm open at Halt-past Six, PeriOrMallee to commence at Seven. TitEATltr: ROYAL, ADELPHI. Under the direction 01 7 ..radaaae Celeste. THIS EVENING Wiil be performell a new and original Drama, called HARVEST ROME. Principal characters by Messrs. 11. Hughe, Lambert, Wright, P. Bedford, 0. Smith, Madame Celeste, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Ersink Matthews, Miss Turner, &c. Aler which DID YOU EVER SEND YOUR WIFE TO CAM SERWELL. To conclude with THE COMRADES; an Anecdote of the Span ish War. Principal characters by Messrs. Cullenford, Boyce, Man .^ard, Paul Legrand, C. J. Smith, gyaa, Miss E. Harding. &e. Boxes, As. ; Pit, 2s. , sallery, 13. oren at half-past Six, Performance to commence at Seven. FRE.NCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. John M:tchell, 33, OA Bond-street. THIS EVENING, Will be performed the amusing Vaudeville of LA CIIERCHEUSE 'ESPRIT. Principal eharac , ,ers by MM. Henri Alix, Josset, Tou rillon, Madame St. Ange, Mdlle. `.tarot, and Mdlle. Celestine. After which, an entirely new comedic-vaudeville, entitled LA DERNIERE CONQUETTE. Le Baron de Virefeuille, M. Latont ; Reicie, Madame Paul Ernest. To conclude with LE CHEVALIER. DU GUET. Le Chevalier ltt Guet, M. Lafont ; Le Barom de Tarns M. Cartigny ; Le Vicomte Amedee de Lunel, M. Montaland • Isabelle, Mdlki. Baptiste. itoxes. 65.; Pit, 3a. 6d.; Amphitheatre, 38. ; Gallery, 2s Boxes and Stalls may be obtained at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, sa. Old Bond -street. PIUNUESS'S THEATRE. Mr. J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and Manager, Duchesi-street, Portland. place. THIS EVENING, Will be performed Shakspere's Tragedy of HAMLET. Hamlet, Macready ; Ophella, Miss Emma Stanley. To conclude with THE HYPOCRITE. Dresm : Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. THE THIRD EDITIONS “THE SUN” CONTAIN, AS USUAL, THE LATEST PARLIAMENTAIIN INTELLIGENCE, AND ALL OTHER NEWS UP TO THE HOUR OF POST. Orders received by all Newsmen, and at the Sun-ofce, 112, Strand. It WEATHER.—Stat OincE, ArBIL 12. TanniomaTan, Lowest, 41 ; Highest, 49 ; Noon, 55. BAROMETER, 29.5.—W1ND S.W.; showery. 1-11oR WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY. Mornin; it .. minutes after S. Evening .. 34 minutes sfter .. z . 4_l, -11 ' ' - ' l 4+ ' .t.t , , •: '. , 00, .„ ), .. ,... , ~, ' ii ,e ffri t t . e'„,., Tu l korZibi lt , = . DIED. • 00 ~ ' S .:fy.. iftrilk 1111 k 01 t-- - wrar: '- v , ' . ,- '). _- - ~• -..-:-... ''' ' .o * ' - p. 1..:. • „_ iiini Pinto LONDON. WEDNESDAY, APRIL 12, 1848. Three important subjects just now occupy the Le gislature and engross the interest and attention of the country—the Chartist Petition, the Government m Security Bill, and the n for the Repeal of the which Union. Public att en ti on, has latterly been almost wholly engrossedbythe marvellous even t s transpiring in foreign countries, now directed nearer home. The interest and anxiety. elicited by recent movements, and rumour s of movements,Tthe metropolis and the remoter part s o f the Lnited in King dom, are now concentrated upon th e proceedings Parliament. For it is there, accordi ng to the of ad mirable organization of our Constitutio n , it is there, in the House which represents the people, th a t th e various grievances, real or supposed, which have agitated the public mind and disturbed the general tranquillity, are to be fully set forth in order to re ceive due consideration and redress. The Chartist Petition was presented to the House on Monday evening, and on Friday next is to be taken into consideration. The Government Bill partially pas?ed through Committee yesterday morning, and the motion for the Repeal of the Union was last night introduced by Mr. J. O'CoNNaLL. It is, perhaps, fitting that these three subjects should simultaneously c'ecapy public attention, for they in some respects bear a close affinity to one another, they are in many respects nearly identified—identified, that is to say, not s in the obj ec t s at w hi c h they aim, but in the inter : 7 h ict they aff ec t. T w o o f these subjects, namely , elmrt at. Petition and the Government Bill, will, we are in c u r , .3 to th i nk, e' notwithstanding the ordi nary impartiality apo i r tion more of the ouse, receive a considera than to theirpti individual to th e urgenc y o f the times nd o extraordinary demonstrations merits. For example, the attended the presentation which w e r e to have ° ll or the Ch art i st P et i t i on have called f or th so occasioned such seriougsreaarntppr.ehensions of an excitement, and disturbances, t h at the general are no longer ca ll e d i n questioenn-ts those ordinarily of this petition well disposed towards the red even points of the gole affair is set Charter pass them over, and theemwinh This is what down as seditious and revolutione the Chartists have brought u monoartrhye-mselves by their acelonmoderate among ill-advised proceedings. The them are loud in their lament no s on the i n j ury thus inflicted on the cause. asur a a n n d ce w:ver, they vosy console themselves with the that right invariably prospers eventually, AO far as their cause is right, it can only have 'ence, sus tained a temporary injury from the miscondu c t of its advocates. But, as we have already said, the indi vidual merits of the Charter will not be ca ll e d i n question in the present instance. The House will listen to the motion founded on the petition with that respect which 5,000,000 signatures must in evitably elicit. The country will be interested in the matter on account of the alarm which it has recently occasioned, but that very alarm will prevent any stronger feeling than a vague interest being testified, and then the motion will be listened to, and set aside and forgotten. In like manner, the exigency of the time=, rather than its individual merits, will influence the fate of the Protection for the Crown and Government Bill. The necessity of the times renders it both legitimate and expedient, and the necessity of the times, and that alone, supports it with such large majorities in a House ordinarily so jealous of conferring increased powers on the Government, and so inimical to all coercive and restrictive measures. The question of Repeal, however, will have none of these advantageous or disadvantageous adjuncts to hasten or retard its pro gress. It has been already canvassed and debated on ; its merits have been duly examined, and found wanting. Mr. J. O ' CONNELL, in bringing forward his motion last night, expatiated upon the present miseries of Ireland—miseries of whose existence the staunchest anti-repealer does not affect to doubt, but which miseries can be in no wise occasioned by the legislative union of the two kingdoms, as Mr. J O ' CONNELL does not hesitate to assert. " Look at, the state of the poor of Ireland since the union," he exclaims—" badly housed, badly clothed, and badly fed, and reduced on all hands to absolute beg gary and destitution, to starvation and death ! Nearly -1,000,000 of the population of Ireland were receiving alms last year, 1,000,0(0 of them have been swept away from the face of the earth, 250,000 have been driven to emigrate, of whom 30,000 have perished." These are most melancholy facts, we must admit, but we should Ise curious to know in what manner they can be attributed to the legislative union. This very distress of Ireland is, in fact, only an additional argument in favour of her union with England. "It would be difficult," said Lord AIORPETII, in his admirable discourse last night, " it would be difficult for the Hon. Member (Mr. J. O'CONNELL) to show how the separation of the poorer from the richer country would he likely to improve the condition of the former." The debate was not concluded last night, but adjourned till Thursday next; yet after the speeches of last night we should imagine that little more remains to be said, for the four gentlemen who have addressed the House are the chief and the most able advocates of either side—the two Mr. O . CONNELLS and the present and a former Secretary for Ireland. Sir W. SOMERVILLE and Lord MORPETH. The speech of the Noble Member for the West Riding was peculiarly eloquent and emphatic, and it came with especial grace from him who has been for so long a period the tried and zealous friend of the Irish people. His earnest and unqualified denunciations of repeal were in consequence rendered doubly influen tial and effective, .and their effect was considerably increased by his frank avowal of the grievances of which Ireland complains, and his unhesitating decla ration that much is necessary on the part of the Government and the Legislature to ameliorate the condition of that afflicted country. His observations on this head were alike honourable to himself and encouraging to those who sympathise in the suffer ings and wrongs of Ireland. The Noble Lord said— "l am far from wishing it to be considered that I as sume the present state of Ireland with respect to her laws, with respect to her social relations, to her ecnno mical condition, is everything that I should wish to see it.—(Hear, hear.) During the whole period I have been allowed to pass in public life—from the very first words I uttered in this House, when I seconded the motion for the repeal of the Roman Catholic Disabilities, through the whole period of my tenure of office in Ireland—l have never shown myself reluctant to improve what I have found in existence, or to remodel existing institutions.—(Cheers.) I was a party to the alteration in the law respecting the Church, in the laws respecting municipal corporations, in the laws respecting the poor, and in the laws respecting grand juries —nay more, in common with my Noble Relative, the Member for Lynn (Lord George Bentinck) I was the originator of a proposal for putting the long lines of railway in Ireland under Government superin tendence.—(Hear.) But, far from being consented with my own handiwork—far from being satisfied with what Government have been able to do, I believe with refer ence to almost every one of those subjects, I have left express declarations upon record, that I thought the alterations which had been made could only be looked upon as imperfect, and incomplete.—(Hear.) Therefore I, for one, and I speak, I know, the sense of my col leagues, shall always be ready t ) approach ail, or any of them, with an earnest desire to do whatever justice, whatever the possibilities of the case, or whatever the — 7 .„„,„, " But perhaps the most truthful observation uttered by Lord MORPETH, in his very animated and power ful speech, was one he adopted from the Journal des Debats, to the effect that what Ireland wanted is not repeal nor revolution, but regeneration. This brief sentence contains a more accurate exposition of the necessity of Ireland than all the eloquence of Con ciliation-hall, or the vehement rhetoric of the Irish revolutionists. If the O'CONNELLB and Messrs. SMITH O'BRIEN, MEAGHER, and MITCHELL, and their associates, are such true patriots as they desire to be considered, let them evince their since rity by a ready avowal of this truth, and a zealous endeavour to obtain for Ireland, not repeal nor revolution, but regeneration. This is, perhaps, too much to expect from the advocates of physical force and the aspirants for republican honour. Therefore, abandoning to these gentlemen all the agitation and the glory attending on repeal and revo lution, we would exhort all really patriotic Irishmen, all the true friends of the sister country, zealously and resolutely to turn their attention and their en deavours to the regeneration of the Irish people. Let them reiterate the earnest assurance of Lord Mou lin 11, that that which all the inhabitants of the United Kingdom most desire, is to see their Irish brethren, one and all, partakers of the same rights, and sharers in the same glories as themselves No inimical feeling towards Ireland occasions the strenuous opposition of the opponents of repeal; on the contrary, it is the very desire of benefiting the sister country that in stigates and strengthens every effort made to preserve the union. The interests of England and Ireland are identical and indivisible, and " a thing indivisible by nature cannot be divided, it can only be muti lated." The establishment of two antagonistic powers in one united kingdom would inevitably prove destructive to the welfare of the entire people, and subversive of all authority. But it is unnecessary now to recapitulate the constantly urged and never-refuted arguments against repeal. Let us rather reiterate Lord Monrxvn's eloquent enumeration of some of the many causes which would render the separation of England a sad misfortune. " Let me ask you," said the credi e t, Nobl and fame, and l Lord, "to what field of our national y,bayar nnoldt,' Ireland. a A n s d ; 1 at all times successfsualmaengdl7 seeing that those brethren and hevaevne more honoured,r7 h can we look without than proportionate contributors '? need not men tion the ornaments which we u h s av i e n ha n d . even within the memories of man will CANNING The a ls n d house u 1t names AT T w A h N o o f , B have uitK 8 been ar,d furnished suEit i A N. and PLUNRET and O ' CONNELL,Cur e to all.— (Hear, hear.) And we s till retain what w from thence, the laurel o f 'WELLINGTON audotduhe:ilpvyeuedy of Mooae ?—(Cheers.) D oes no t every field of rdis covery—does not every expl o it o f sc i ence and every achievement of art, show us th e identity of suits, and forbid the scheme of our separation ?" This inquiry was responded to by the earnest cheers of the whole House; and this inquiry will be responded to by the affirmations of the whole empire. Poland is now p aring the weapons of ret r ib u ti on against a r t t h i c o i s p e a t t e h d r e p e r i e n g i u t i s l t y s p o a I n i a d t i o u n n . p r i li n c o i p w l e e v d e p r o 1 a l o ' e n r g s may be whichthe the o e bpresent gloriesmoment o f and the the land day of SOI3IESKI— h ev er remote may be the hour l in n hali be wh ich consummated—that the fate hourimperial robbers is approaching— that day i s doomed. theta tera of appearance r regal al of expiation p e iEn and precursors now we may recognise of populartha t august e ra— hsupremacy. The s wor d o f t h e Li t h uan i an N E MESIS already im. pends over th e AUTOCRAT— avenging the Gali c i a i s already rising from its grave rave co nfines of Austria-Proper—the might of Posen has g u e p n o i n u s the been already testified upon the frontiers, and not orLi) .r . upon th e frontiers, but within the capital, and under the palace walls of Prussia. At the moment when the Berliners proved triumphant against the lefenders of th e unpopular institutions of their fatherland the hour struck in the municipal hall cf Posna—the hour for the liberation of the Grand Duchy and its capital. When again the Viennese , übvertecl the coloss il but dilapidated power of MET TERNICH, the tocsin rang from the turrets of Lemberg and Jaroslaw—that tocia which proclaimed to the Galician: the resurrection of their nationality. 'ye doubt not but that the recent occurrences in the western kin gdoms of the European continent will affect in a manner quite as extraordinary the popula tion of Lithuania and Bielogrod, of the Ukrain and Smolensko--though we cannot anticipate such brit. liant transfocrnaations as that which was conjectured the other day by an imaginative correspondent from Frankfort, namely, the re-establishment of Poland by the EmperorNacnoLAs, and the girding of the brows of Duke LEICIITURTEN with the diadem of STANISLAITS. That Poland will ultimately, and even speedily, recover its independcace, we are confident, but that the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh will, in any particular, forward that stupendous work of reanimation, is beyond all conception. No. Polish nationality will not be dragged into the daylight by the munificent assistance of the CZAR, it will emerge itself from the bondage of seventy winters, aided only by its own indestructible vitality, and by the promptings of OMNIPOTENCE. As a moral victory the re-organization of the king dom of M Wand will be a glorious incident in the records of humanity ; and as a political achievement it vv ill be a memorable occurrence for the western nations of this hemisphere. Let us re. member for an instant the geographical position :end dimensions of Poland previous to its partition ; let us remember Polankas it was in 1780, when it was bounded on the north by the Baltic and Livonia, on the east by Russia, on the south by Mol davia and Tartary, and on the west by Hungary, Moravia, Silesia, and Brandenburg. A more impass able barrier could not possibly be contrived between the barbarism of the vast dominions of the AUTOCRAT and the civilization of the rest of Christendom. By the dastardly partition of that intervening principa lity, however, Russia monopolized to herself the lion's share of the unholy spoil, while she opened a high road to the splendid countries situated beyond the Ocler and the Danube. A glance at the map of Europe will confirm the accuracy of our assertion. Austria has augmented her territories, it is true, from the archduchy, which originally occu pied a space very little larger than the island of Sardinia ar the Grand Duchy of Tuscany—until the dominions of her Emperor have swollen into one of the most enormous and formidable states upon the Continent. This she has accomplished since the thirteenth century by the successive absorption of Bohemia—Moravia—Silesia (or at the least a consider able part of it) —Styria— Illyria—Tyrol—Ausch wurtz—Buckowina (formerly a fragment of Mol da via) —Hungary (including, of course, Croatia, Solavonia, and the military frontier)—Transylvania --Venetian Lombardy—and Galicia! By this sy stem of wholesale and unscrupulous incorporation, A ustria has risen, in scarcely six hundred years, from the. ob , curity of a petty princedom to the criminal glory of being one of the predominant Powers of Christendom ; so that before the year 1831 had ex pired her territories extended over a surface of 257,36'8 square miles, containing a population of not less th an 36,950,511 souls ! In the prosecution of this scheme of territorial aggrandizement it must, nevertheless, be borne in recollection that the Governament of Vienna received merely a subordinate portion of Poland, a portion, however, consisting of 33,506 square miles, with 4,797,243 inhabitants. that porti• na was Galicia. It was in itself a magnificent extension territory—being the south- western corner of the king6lom of Poland, with its base lying along the range of the Carpathian Mountains, and bending upwards in an arch from what were formerly Silesia and I3ukovia---it was consequently only subordinate when contrasted with the superior spoil of the AUTOCRAT. Galicia, indeed, would be remarkable if only for the circumstance of its soil being irrigated with the w aters cf the Pruth, the Dniester, the Bug, and the Vistuks—those four great rivers rising .within its circumference among the gorges of the Karpaths. Marvellous as the accumulation of dominions, population, strength, wealth, and importance was around the germinant archduchy of Austria, the ad vancement of the kingdom of Prussia from the nucleus of the little duchy of Brandenburg is scarcely less worthy of remembrance. Regarding either the inconsiderable track of land known as the Duchy of Brandenburg, or tams shuasea betn cell the deltas of the Niemen and the Vistula, with honigs• berg as its metropolis—regarding, we say, either of these spots as the germ of Prussia, its development to its present grandeur is something wonderful. Conquest after conquest, treaty after treaty, has stretched the elastic line of its frontiers until that line has embraced, besides Brandenburg, and the principality already mentioned in the vicinity of Dantzig—a slice of Saxony, the whole of Lusatia, a part of Silesia, the prolonged coasts of Pomerania, and those portions of Poland called the duchy of Posen, and a few contiguous palatinates. Like its superior accomplice in spolia tion, Prussia has so far thriven upon the plunder of its neighbours that in 1831 it enclosed an area of 107,84'2 square miles, with a population amounting to upwards of 14,361,500 souls. Still, it must not be forgotten that Prussia has a superior in infamy in the dismemberment of Poland—its own accession of ter ritory in Posen consisting, upon a broad calculation, of 11,401 square miles, and 1,190,970 inhabitants. Russia, on the other hand, with a gross dominion 2,045,000 square miles in dimensions, and with more than 49,000,000 as its population, has secured to her imperial master nearly 13,000,000 additional slaves by the annexation of Lithuania and its surrounding provinces. Such has been the distribution of the booty of the crowned robbers of Europe ; such has been the ruth less plan in accordance with which the limbs of Poland hare been hewn asunder by the sword of Absolutism ; such was the most gigantic crime of the eighteenth century, a crime which has made patriotism weep blood in the streets of Warsaw, and upon the battle ments of Cracow—a crime which has evoked this burning apostrophe from the soul of BYRON—that BYRON who died in striving to become the Liberator of Greece ! " Poland ! o'er which the avenging angel past, But left thee as he found thee, still a waste, Forgetting all thy still enduring claim, Thy lotted people and extinguished name, Thy sigh for freedom, thy long-flowing tear, That sound that crashes in the tyrant's ear— Kosciusko !" The apostrophe had allusion to NAPOLEON, but the poet was not sufficiently inspired by the I'ythonic spirit to recognise in NAPOLEON the Precursor of an Age of Retribution. Already that retribution has descended upon Prussia through Posen and Neuf chatel. Already it is descending upon Austria, through Hungary, Bohemia, Venice, Lombardy, and Gctllicia. The heterogeneous mass of Wallachians, Jews, Magyars, Italians, Poles, and Germans, which had been frozen into a temporary cohesion by the despotism of Vienna, is beginning to fall asunder now that its constituent parts are heated by the ideas of Liberalism. In this Poland may recognise the end of her evil doom, and the signal' for the resur rection of her nationality. God be with her, and the memory of Kosctusao ! SPAIN. Madrid journals of the sth instant have arrived. The arrival of the Duke and Duchess of MONT.. PENSIER at St. Sebastian is officially announced, and they were expected to arrive in Madrid on the 6th. The royal palace of Aranjuez has been prepared for their reception. Apprehensions were entertained of a serious out.• break in Catalonia. It is said that the Finance .Minister contemplates a law for the sale of certain •" national properties" which hitherto had not been comprised in the cate gory of alienable effects. MADRID BOLSA, Aram s.—The Three per Cents, 22i ; Five per Cents., 13k. Exchange on London, 42 20. GREECE. The following proclamation has been issuea by the new Cabinet : "Hi: Ksjei,ty has honoured us with his august confi dence by calling on us to take the direction of the affairs of the state. Although persuaded of the gravity and difficulty of the tank which we have been called on to undertake, we have, however, accepted • the royal mission, having confidence in the patriotism and devoted ness to the law, which have in all times distinguished the Hellenic people. As Constitutional Ministers we cinsider it our duty to explain honestly the system which we calculate on following in our governmental e‘ireer. The lighteuus of the cor,stituLto., and laws in vigour ; impartial distribution of justide in what concerns the tribunals and the administration ; the THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 12, 1848. strictest economy in everything ; preference in giving public functions to men of capacity and irreproachable conduct, and to those who hays made sacrifices to the country, or rendered services during the struggle ; re compense to the faithful and loyal employes of the state ; and the dismissal and prosecution of all who have abused and violated the duties of their functions. We hope that, invested with the confidence of the King, and with your union and your co-operation, we shall attain the object of consolidating the constitution, the rigorous and just application o f w hich promises us national prosperity." THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. The Constitutionnel gives the following curious atatisties of the late revolution:— " During the days of the 23d and 24th of February, 1,512 barricades were erected in Paris. Each barricade required paving stones, so that the people in a few hours must have torn up 1,277,64 0 paving stones. There were also 4,013 trees, some of on an average 845 them of very large size, cut down; 3,704 lamp.posts broken down, and between 3,000 and 4,000 lamps broken; 53 guardhouses Here burnt or torn down, and about 603 watchboxes and small wooden bureaux de stroyed. In this calculation no mention is made of the iron railings which were torn down at the Bourse, and many of the churches and other public buildings." In the same journal we find the following on the alleged intention of the Provisional Government to take the railways under their own management : "There must be certainly some urgent and powerful reasons of public utility to justify such an exorbitant proceeding. The motive alleged is that there are im mense numbers of the working classes without employ mtheenirt,laanbodutrh.e I T in h e e s of railway would open a vast field for companies are suffering from the present crisis, and cannot afford to give employment, and the Government will take upon itself to do so. These motives are very praiseworthy it they are well founded, but let us examine whether such is the case or not. lathe first place, it is impossible that lines which are already cornpletod and working can give any increase of employment. They now occupy all that they require, and pay a considerable sum every day in wages, and the Government could do no more. The greatest service which the Government can render to these lines is to labour to restore security and confidence, and thus increase the traffic both of passengers and merchandise. We have already pointed out the real situation of the Orleans Railway; and, if we are rightly informed, the state cf the Northern line is as follows:—The Northern line has about 24,000 shareholders. The company is busily oc cupied with the branch lines to Dunkirk, Calais, and Saint Quentin, so as to be able to open them to the public in the shortest possible time; 60,000 f. are every day expended in wages. The principle of association, as established by the Orleans Company, is about to be put in practice on the Northern line. The system is to be organized in such a way that the employes may partake in the profits. It is true that the Northern line has to pay to the State, en the 15th of this month, the sum of 18,000,000 f., which it will not be able to do. But the company bring forward in their defence the plea of force majcure, which is provided for by the law. Moreover, it must be remembered, that this inability of the company to make the payment is caused precisely by the threat of expropriation which hangs over it, and which prevents the shareholders, who feel great uneasiness as to the future fate of their property, ming up their calls. Under nll circumstances, it is very evident that the expropriation of the lino will not add one workman the more to the numbers employed by the Northern Company and those other companies whose lines are now at work. We now come to the unfinished lines. The Lyons one, in the first place, which having invested 22,000,000 f. in Rentes, cannot realise them without immense loss, and appears to hesitate as to continuing the works. The Lyons Company, however, must comprehend that it has duties to fulfil ; it would not, probably, cost them much sacrifice to complete the line from Paris to Montereau, and commence its working. Let them, moreover, arrangement come some with the Government to execute that part of the line between Chalons and Lyons, if' that be necessary. The Government has no necessity to adopt the system of expropriation in order to procure work. The Lyons and Avignon Company have de manded to be released from their engagements, and hav e forfeited the 11,000,000 f. caution money lodged with the Goverment. The Cette Company has done the same. On the Strasbourg, the Tours and Nantes, and on the Bordeaux lines the State might execute the embankments and the works of art . W hat, then, pre vents them from setting a mass of workmen on those different points? What will they benefit by adopting expropriation ? Absolutely nothing. By this plain examination of facts the alleged motive for the measure falls to the ground. .The shareholders will be dis possessed of their property, without any benefit to the working classes. The decision of the Government can have but one effect, and that we cannot believe the Government to have any intention of producing. It would be a first attack on property ; a first menace directed against all great undertakings ; a first encou ragement given to communist ideas. We know that respect for property is expressed by the members of the Provisional Government, and that the honourable men who are at the head of the departments of finance and public, works have no penchant for the communist system. We are, therefore, far from questioning their intentions or their doctrines; we merely point out to them the disastrous character which is attached to the act in contemplation." M. DI LAMARTINE has received a commuication from the Chargé d'Affaires of Baden, announcing that if the German workmen, anxious to return from France, present themselves on the frontier, singly or in small companies, measures will be taken for facili tating their journey across the territory. The Reforrne announces that a meeting of the Polish proprietors in the Duchy of Posen have con voked an Assembly at Culm, for the sth, to de mand the ro-establishment of Poland within the boundaries of 1772. Upon the same day there will he held a German„AsseMbly, with the view of bring ing about a reconciliation, M. MICHEL CHEVALIER, who with some other Professors of the College of France has been deprived of his chair (political economy) in the College of France, on the ground that he held another office, the same motive being assigned for the dismissal of some of his colleagues in the College, has addressed a letter to the Debats, in which he states that he had at first supposed he was dismissed on account of the opposi tion which he has manifested to the theories of M. Louis BLANC on the organization of labour, and that he can scarcely credit the statement assigned for,his removal, viz., that he is an engineer in chief of mines, the salary of which, he says, is only 1,500 f. lie de clares, however, that his regret at the change which has taken place does not proceed from personal con siderations, but from the fact of the chair of political economy being suppressed without being replaced by any of the new professorships which have just been created. prevailed exaggerated rumoursi n Parison n s to the Tuesday. The R e T v o h l e u t m i o o n s! newsvenders were crying in every street in Paris, "English Revolution: - : Flight of Queen VICTORIA" -"London in flames" - " Collision with the military.' The disappointment of these gobes-mouches, on learning the real state of affairs, must have been highly amusing to the spectators: The Minister of Finance has sent an official com munication to the syndic of the agens de change, to in form that body that there is no truth in the report of the Government of France intending to take the Bank of France into its own hads ; but that it is true that it intends to suppress all the Departmental Banks, and to substitute branches of the Bank of France in their stead, and also to make the notes of the Bank of France a legal tender throughout the Republic. Serious disturbances have brcken out at Havre. BOURSE-PARIS, TUESDAY, APRIL 11. THREE o'CLoca.-The intelligence of the Chartist meeting at London having passed off without disturb ance, WAS received at the Bourse with great surprise by some, and by absolute disbelief by others. The more reasonable parties, on the contrary, were loud in ex. pressing their satisfaction. The French Funds were at first exceedingly firm, but towards the close of the day they gave way, closing, however, higher than the day before. The Three per Cents. opened at 431., went up to 45f., and after touching 41f. 50c., closed at 41f. 75c., hieing an advance of 25c.; the Fives, which were firmer, opened at 601., went up to 63F., and then closed at 61f., being 3f. higher. Bank of France Shares were much firmer, from the Provisional Government baying sent notice to the syndicate of the agens de change that it does not intend doing away with the Bank of France, al though only one kind of note is to be in circulation Roman IP: , at 51 1 E; throughout the kingdom. The s hares closed at 1,075 f., being an ad vance c f 1151. Obligatio ns de Is Ville are 351. better, closin a t 9001.; Belgian Fives ( 1840 ) 11., at 571.; and Rothschild's Neapo litan was done at 50f. 50c.; Bons du Tresor nominally at 43 per cent. loss, but in reality nothing whatever is done in them. Railway Shares are all better, though not to any extent; Marseilles h ave risen 101., closing at • 120 f.; Versailles (Left Bank) , 7f. 50c. at 951.; ditto (Right Bank), 51 . at 951 ; Vierzon, s f. at 2151.; Or leans, 51. at 4251.; Bordeaux an d Northern, If. 25c. each, at 391 f. 25c.,and 3171. 50 c .; Strasburg and Nantez are unalter e d at 338 1 . 75 c . an d 332 f. 50c. Lyons have fallen 51 . s C l osin. a t 300 F. The suspension of p a y ments of the banking.house of Thurneysse n and C ' )., did not seem to excite much attention. French gold is lower, at 601 .; change for the 1,0001. note from 121. to 151.; and the sovereign worth 251. 75c. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE , A PRIL 11. Boulo gne and Amiens, s%—Namur and Liege, I , , 2 —Paris and Lyons, 2 —Sambre and Meuse, VA. AN olp - -ENING" FOR GEOLOGISTS. — AboIIt 1,000 gaffing cubic yard s o f Copt Po i nt have f a ll en s ince Wedne s d a y, an , ] the b..ach -Tr , :t or of gett has fallen.—Naid e tone Gazette. some fine specimens from the gault clay which GERMANY AND THE NORTHERN STATES. AUSTRIA. The Wiener Zeilung, of the sth, contains an official announcement, that the EMPEROR has ordered Field- Marshal, Count Zicuy, who surrendered Venice, to be tried by court-martial. It is said, SZELA, the peasant chief, who was the principal agent in the perpetration of the massacre in has been found hung in his own house. Upwards of 6,000 volunteers have enrolled them.. selves in the army of Italy. The strike among the workpeople in Vienna still continues. The Austrian Ambassador at NaC,i, Count SCHWARZENBERG arrived at Trieste on the 3d. S WEDEN. STOCKHOLM, MARCH 31.—The public peace has not again been interrupted, and on the 28th the Stadt holder was enabled to withdraw the regulations for the preservation of the public peace issued on the 0 0th inst. JENNY LIND will leave for England on the 13th of April. CHRISTIANIA, MARCIL—The Norwegian Post of this day contains nothing of importance.—Haniburgh Borsenhallc, April 8. PRUSSIA. Accounts from Berlin of the 7th state that a serious entente took place on that day between some work men employed in a cotton factory, who had struck for wages, and the National Guards. Tranquillity was not restored until six of the workmen had been killed, and several taken prisoners. The Ilamburgh. Borsenhalle, of April 8, states that the English Ambassador has succeeded in effecting a mediation with the Berlin Cabinet on the Danish question. It said that a compact has for some time been concluded between Great Britain and Prussia on this subject. The Prussian Gazette publishes, under the hc , ad of Frankfort, the following resolution of the German Diet in regard to the Schelswig-Holstein affair : " The Diet declares in the first place, in conformity with Article 31 of the Federal Treaty, that there exists danger of an aggression of the federal territory of Holstein, and expresses its full nratitude for the measures which have been adopted in a federal and national point of view by Prussia and the States, whose contingents form the loth corps of the Federal army. " The Diet, for the purpose of having one and the same direction in the ultimate military steps which it may be necessary to take, begs that Prussia will keep herself in relatien on this subject with the states of the 10;11 corps of the army. The Federal Assembly is ready on its side, in order to prevent any effusion of blood, and in view to effect an amicable arrangement, to undertake negotiations for mediating in the name of the Confederation, taking as the basis of such mediation the inviolability of the rights of Holstein, especially on the point concerning its indissoluble union with Schleswig. It is perfectly understood that hostilities will immedi ately tease, and the former statu quo will be re-esta blished." Tivp Prussian Gazette of the Bth April publishes the petition to the KING of the Provincial States of the Province of Prussia, requesting that their pro vince,may form part of the German Confederation, and the official part of the journal gives the KING'S consent. The result of the elections is, on the whole, satis factory. ARNDT, the celebrated and popular poet, has been returned for the Rhenish provinces ; the other Deputies are M. RAVEAUX, common councillor of Cologne, famed by the proceedings instituted against him by the ex-Minister BODELSCHWINGII; M. VENEDY, who was under the ban of exile for poli tical causes ; and other men who all enjoy the con fidence of the people. Prussia has appointed M. SCHOEN, one of the leaders of the Opposition, and M. AUERSWALD, the brother of the Minister. Silesia has returned M. StmoN, of Breslau, who was continually prosecuted by the late Government. M. DE HUMBOLDT is the Deputy for Brandenbourg. The elections in the other provinces are not less favourable to the Liberal cause. The Duchy of Posen has not nominated any Depu- ties ; and as regards the district of Netze, many Prussian Deputies hare demanded that it shall not he separated from Germany. FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAINE. The Committee of Fifty are actively pursuing their duties. They have published several regulations for the approaching elections. Alarming riots continue to prevail in South Ger many. DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. The Borsenhalle of the Bth publishes a letter from Rendsberg of ,the previous day, whieh states that a skirmish had taken place between the Danish troops and those of the Duchy on the day preceding, but which had not led to any decisive result. POLAND. A letter from Posen, of the 4th, states that General DE COLOMB, Commander-in-Chief of the sth corps of the army of Posen, has given permission to the Poles who .serve under him to quit the Prussian service, but that they have not availed themselves of it. The Cologne Gazette has the ''following letter from Czernichau :—" A regulation of the National Com mittee of Posen decrees the dismissal of German functionaries, the suppression of the Prussian eagle, and its replacement by the Polish eagle, and orders the Polish standard to be hoisted on the highest tower. So great an insult to Germany and to Prussia has excited the greatest indignation, six-sevenths of the inhabitants in some parts being Germans. The peasants are arming themselves in numbers. It is still worse in other parts,—masses of people are in arms; the authority of Prussian officers is at an end; communications between them broken off; couriers are stopped, and their dispatches taken from them under pain of death. Three hundred Poles have already crossed the Russian frontier ; they say they have been all taken." General WILLISEN passed through Breslau on the 6th of April, en route to Posen ; he is to be entrusted with the reorganization of the Grand Duchy. On his arrival at Posen he will address a proclamation to the population, and form a commission from amongst the members of the Polish and German committees, in order to set at rest the differences existing between the two parties of the people. The Gazelle Polska, organ of the Polish National Committee, asserts that the Prussian Government has consented to the organization of a national army of the Grand Duchy of Posen, which will carry on its standards the white Polish eagle side by side with the black eagle of Prussia. The National Committee of Poland, sitting at Posen, has addressed the following appeal to the people of Great Britain : "Poland, sustained by the sympathy and tho most vital interests of Germany, is already on foot to repel the invasion meditated by Russia, to prove herself once more the protectress of European liberty and civiliza tion, and to recover her independent existence on the termination of this terrible conflict. " While this conflict can be nothing less than a last crusade against the enemies of the human race, Poland calls on the people and the Governments of the west, awaiting from them that faithful and vigilant support which every army owes to those who march foremost against the enemy. To us, that vanguard, money and arms aro wanting. " Will regenerated Europe, like despotic Europe, tran quilly look on while an unarmed nation is exterminated before her eyes? " Rejecting this dreadful suspicion, the National Com mittee, constituted at the Hotel de Ville of Posen, on the 20th of March, address themsel ves espec i a ll y to the Government and people of England, seeking t; obtain from them the material means for fulfilling this great task which God and the unanimous voice of a heroic people have imposed upon them. (Signed) LIBELT. " JAnocuowou. " JAN PALAEZ M ORAEZE WSKI. PRIJSINOWSKI. ESSMANN. " BERWINSKI. STEFANSKI. " Posen, April 2, 1848." APRIL 7.—Major General WILLisEN, the Royal Commissioner of Posen, has issued a proclamation to the inhabitants, stating that he is empowered to com mence the immediate reorganization of the province, as promised by the KING ; that their desire for a national Government and national judicial proceed ings in their own languAge was accorded ; and that a man of Polish origin is to be placed at the head of the Polish Administration. RUSSIA. The St. Petersburgh Journal, cf the 31st ult., con tains the following comment on the manifesto re- 1 cently issued by the EMPEROR Nothing could be further from the idea of the Go vernment, but in presence cf the excitations directed from abroad against ourselves, it was only natural that the Emperor should make appeal to the national senti ment. It is not in France alone that the Polish emigre ti i !support( el b3l;he author:ties, but in lltingaryland in Prussia corporations, representative assemblies, es-en semi-official journals, have re-echoed hostile cries against Russia. It has been made a crime against Governments overthrown or modified by emeutes, :that they enter tained friendly relations with our Cabinet. As soon as the French R-public was' proclaimed it was gra tuitously assumed that we entertained aggressive de signs Our alliance was haugh i'y repudiated, even before inquiry was made whether it suited our views to sacri fice our blood for the sake of foreign interests. Sur. prise is the only feeling excited in us by such uncalled-for manifestations, for we have yet to learn, hew in our time the rights or independence of Germany have been infringed upon, or in any way molested by Russia. The history of 1812 is there to show the world from which side aggression came. It will tell whether cur alliance profited. or injured the German people Let the trcubled spirits be calm ; Russia has no more the intention to meddle with Germany than with France, in so far as internal changes of Government are con• corned; she meditates no aggression; she desires peace, she wants peace, fur the sake of the development of her own internal prosperity. Let the people of the west. run as much as they like after social happiness, make what revolutions they please in its pursuit, and choose what form of government they think proper. It' they find amelioration even in the bosom of anarchy and disorder, she will not envy their happiness. As for hereself, it is to time and the enlightened solicitude of her Sovereigns that she looks for progress. Stability is in her eyes the most indispensable of wants, without which no form of government can be of advantage, and the best forms of government are not free from the miseries at tending human society; without stability there can be neither political power abroad, nor credit, commerce, industry, or national wealth at home. Russia will cling to this precious stability; she will suffer no foreign propaganda to stir up the fire of sedition, under the pretext of reviving extinguished nationalities, and by such means detaching any portion of her empire. If war should some out of all these troubles and changes, Russia will coolly meditate how far it may suit her to intervene ie the quarrels of other states. Only she will not shut out of view the territorial boundaries and the possessions for thu maintenance of which she has given her guarantee, and she is determined not to suffer that there shall be any modification of political or territorial equi librium in such wi , e «s to do her prejudice. Until then she will observe a strictly inoffensive but vigilant neu trality. She will not attack unless attacked; she will scrupulously respect the independence of her neigh bours, if her neighbours equally respect her own integrity and independence." The Berlin achnchten contains intelligence from St. Petersburgh, dated March 28, which states that the EMPEROR, in consequence of information received during the course of the week from Berlin and Vi enna, has commanded the total cessation of all prepa tions for war. 25,000,000 of rubles had been appro priated for the outfit of the army, and a part of the fleet had already received orders to cruise along the coasts of the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. ITALY. LO3IBARDY AND PIEDMONT. General IZADETZKY arrived at Mantua on the 30th March with 10,000 men. He occupies the line of the Mincio between Peshiera and Mantua. General ASPRE is at Verona, having his advanced posts at St. Michel and St. Martin. It is reckoned that these Generals have under their united orders 30,000 troops. The line of the Issonzo, on which the Aus trians possess the fortress of Gradisca, is menaced by General NUGENT, with a force collected in Istria and in Trkste. The Piedmortese Gazette contains the following official information from Milan, dated the sth. The legion under the command of MANARA drove back 1,500 Crotians from Salo on the 2d, who wanted to open for themselves a passage by the Valsabbian. The Austrians evacuated Montechiara, Calcinatea, and Lonato on the night of the 4th, and took the roads of Mantua and Verona. The Piedmontese are advancing towards the latter city. General BESI hgs occupied Montechiaro. A proclamation ( f General RADETZILY declares Verona in a state of sip de. Ve rona is said to be garrisoned by 11,000 men. The Sardinian army was to pass the Oglio on the sth ; . its head quarters will be at Pozzolo, and the first corps at Marcaria. The Austrians leave all their positions, and cross the Mincio. General Zuccm, at the head of the Venetian column, has surprised Pal -1 manova, a fortress of some importance. The Aus trian Generals GIULAY and NUGENT have assembled five regiments to retake it, if possible. " The Gazette die Midi, a Marseilles paper, announces, according to a letter from Verona, that the Piedmontese and Austrians had met near that town, that a sanguinary action had ensued, and that the victory remained with the Austrians. The Piedmontese were said to have lost 6,000 men. s s " On the other hand, the Liberte, a paper published at Lyons, informs us that 10,000 Piedmontese, under the command of Charles Albert, had routed 15,000 Aus- trians at Lodi; 5,000 of them were taken prisoners. The probability is that both accounts are fabri cations. PARMA. The citizens of Parma have repented of their ac ceptance of the Duke's constitution, and have made overtures to PIACENZA, for the purpose of leaving the ultimate'fate of Parma to the arbitration of Pies IX. and CHARLES ALBERT. ROME. The POPE has issued a proclamation, dated the 30th ult., addressed to the people of Italy, in which, after recognising the will of the ALMIGIITY in the extraordinary changes that are taking place in the condition of the Italian peninsula, he exhorts the people to moderation after victory. THE NATIONAL PETITION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia,—As considerable excitement has existed for some days past upon the subject of the presentation of what is called the National Petition, I think it would not be altogether useless to inquire into the truth of the statement made in the House last night by Mr. F. O'Connor, to the effect that the petition in ques tion was signed by 5,700,137 persons. Now, Sir, it appears that the population of the whole United Kingdom, according to the last census, was 26,702,563. From this number is to be deducted the population of Ireland, amounting to 8,175,124; as no portion, or, at least, a very inconsiderable portion, of the petition is made up from the Sister Island. That would leave, therefore, for England, Wales, and Scot. land, a population of 18,527,439. Of this latter number, one fifth only, or 3,705,487 are male adults. Supposing that every one of those persons had signed the petition, there would still be left to be accounted for, no less a number than 2,094,650. But the inquiry can bo carried still further. The number of electors upon the register in England, Wales, and Scotland, according to the last returns which have been made up, were 944,473. Presuming that two thirds of this number are opposed to the six points of the Charter, and the remaining one-third had signed it, a further deduction would have to be made amounting to 666,315. The case would then stand thus:— Male adults in England, Wales, and Scotland 3,705,487 Electors opposed to the Charter 3,039,172 I believe also that no portion of the pe tition has emanated from the Orkney and Shetland isles, the Isle of Man, the Highlands of Scotland, and a considerable portion of Wales ; and it must also be obvious to a n y p erson t h at a great portion of the agricultural districts have not contributed largely to the great " m us t er ro ll . " W i thout making any deductions for the population of these districts, but simply deducting the number of electors opposed to the Charter, it is clear that the petition contains the signatures of nearly twice the number of male adults in England, Wales, and Scotland; and taking into calcu lation the population of Ireland, the National Petition would then con t a i n , if t h e statemen t ma de by Mr. I. O'Connor be correct, the signatures of 400,000 more than the entire ma l e a d u lt population of the whole United Kingdom. Doubtless Mr. F. O'Connor can solve this difficulty. In the meantime, I remain, your obedient servant, E. D. MONEY-MARKET. —By advices from ilamburgh the price of gold is 4391 per mark, which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 100. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13.121; and the exchange at Ham burgh on Lornfon at short being 13.12 ii, it follows that gold is 0.06 per cent. dearer in Landon than in Ham burgh. The course of exchange at New York on London is 1091 per cent., and the par of exchange between Eng land and America being 109 23.40 per cent., it follows that the exchange is 0.08 per cent. against Eng land; but the quoted exchange at New York beim -, for bills at 60 days' sight, the interest must be deducted from the above difference. ROnBERY BY A POST -OFFICE CLERIC.—A clerk con nected with the Post-office at Derby has just been Wiwi into custody, charged with extensive robberies of money and jewellery. A larg sum in not es was f ound in his possession, and it is believed that tho system has been carried on by him to a great extent. Suspicions were excited by his being seen to burn some papers resem bling letters. He has been remanded for further exa mination., Dispalc , -5 w , r2 ye7tordny 't the Colonial office, from the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands. -. TO THE SECRETARY OF TIELE , BRADFORD REFORM ASSOCIATION ". Sir,--On Monday, the 10th, the Petition for the Charter to he presented by Mr. Feargus O'Co 3nor was on the floor of the House before the Spea' arrival. It consisted of five rolls, each a bout as large as could be conveniently lifted by man. Mr. O'Connor's name stood third , or fourth upon the list, and the petition was T rre sented with no visible deviation from the usual fo cuts, and no expressions either of approbation or the , trary from any part of the House. Lord Mol.'peth rose end said, that the absence of the Secretary of State for the Home Department was occasion od by urgent business at the moment, and must not be con strued into any want of the respect whicfi the Go vernment was desirous of showing to the petitions of large bodies of the people. On the renewal of the debate on the progress of the " Crown and Government" Bill, Mr. Smith O'Brien made an explanation of the plainest, of sin his deeds and intents with respect to Ireland, and his late visit ti the Provisional Government of France. The days are certainly gone by, when anything need be concealed. It will be a discredit to the Go vernment if it insists on driving men back to the old necessity of doing their revolutions privily. o f Persevering efforts were made by about thirty the Liberals in the House, to stop th,e bur' 'ied progress of the Bill ; but with little ap parent success. On the following day (Tuesday) their object was to a certain point conceded, by the Government offering to postpone to the morrow". Whether this proceeds from any desire to ,eon suit the feeling of the country, further linr, will show. The opposition concentrates i tsen almost entirely on the making of words fel LAP as contained in the phrase " or by open and ads rised speaking." For the sake of what is to be gc tby these words, the Government sacrifices all it miglht gain by a character for moderation, and the alt [teat unanimous consent of the House to its Bill. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, T. PERRONET THOMPSON.' Blackheath, London, April 12, 1848. CHANCERY.—(THIS DAY.) The Lord Chancellor sat in the old hall, Linpolt '5 Inn, to-day, for the first time after the short recess. THE ATTORNEY. GENERAL V. ROBSON AND OTHERS. Ills Lordship was occupied the whole morning vril t the further arguments on thi s p art -h ear d pet i t i on, wbi' 1,7 our readers will recoll ec t re l ates to t h e cla i m of tyro o'l4 ladies, of the name of Ainslie and Robson, as the v e xt of kin of Samuel Trontbeck, to his residuary es We , amounting to upwards of 400,000/. SECONDARIES'.—(THIS DAY.) This Court did not sit to-day. BANKRUPTCY.-(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Commissioner GOULBURN.) IN RE RAINEY'. This Bankrupt had carried on business as an.' estate agent, in Regent-street, and applied for his certificate' The charges made agaitist him wore the raisappr • o pris.' tion of a sum of 800/. received by him on acctsunt of the Rev. D r . Ogle, and which he was directed to pal into Mr. lioare's bank, but, instead of doing so, hi passed it into his own bankers, and it was eve etually expended for his private purposes, and it was cot atended by Mr. Lawrence that this was a felony under the 71k and Bth George IV., cap. 29. He was also charge ] with reckless trading and extravagant personrJ exPen diture. He had also assigned the whole of his propertil and when Dr Ogle took proceedings against him, sea just when he declared himself to be insolvent he gave notice to Messrs. Coutta, who held the security flu 1.0001., received from Earl Grey on behalf of De'. A l l Sir Charles Ogle, so that they took possession l of .11 ,6 furniture. &c. His Hoz-roue, in an elaborate judgment, held that the charges of misappropriation were substaletiate d ; but he did not sit there to t r y a erica/DT question, for which the bankrupt mi g ht b e i n dicted' Whatever the custom of the trade might be, an title' tioneer or agent had no right to constitute hioweelf banker, and retain money in his hands, unless be kep t it so securely that he could pay the same at any time '" was demanded. He also con s id ere d t h at t h e bankrupt: B trading generally had been very reckless, and his Pr' vale expenditure excessive; and this large expenditu re , had been incurred at a time w h en h e was u tt er ly itle °L vent, and was only supported by re t a i n i ng the money e fi his customers. He considered undue preference h.t e been clearly proved. Under all the circumstances, the certificate must be suspended for threo years, 11.04 2 June last. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. (THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. WALESBY, Deputy Assistant-Judge-) Thomas Dwyer, Mary D w y er , hi s w if e , an d Elisabei ' Healy, were indicted for stealing two loaves from e t : shop of Mr. Ord, baker, in Gray's Inn-lane, on Ilionutkr last, and for riot and assaulting a special constable. It appeared that on the afternoon of Monday, :the vs; soners were returning together from the meeting 11 ° 0 Kennington-common, forming port of a large crowd° passed up Gray's Inn-lane, when Mary Dwyer went Wu' Mr. Ord s shop, and carried off the loaves. Tiio Shor woman pursued her, and she was stopped by the special constables, who were furiously assailed by the other prisoners. Mrs. Dwyer was found Guilty of the robbery, sand the three were all convicted of the assault. The male prisoner, in his defence, protested wit?' grejl t energy that he only interfered to protect his Wi le, whom he saw lay down the money for the bread on the baker's counter—that the special constables wantled t° get up a little row in Gray's Inn-lane, which was quiet, when there was a great riot in Leather-lane adjoining , to which they were afraid to go.—(A laugh.) The foreman of the jury, in returning the verdict of Guilty of the assault, recommended the prisoners I° mercy, on account of the excitement of the day. The Learned JUDGE said that he was always willing to give full weight to the recommendation of a jury, b ut in this case he thought the excitement of the day w° s rather an aggravation of the offence. It was on such occasions more dangerous than at any other times to create disturbances in the street, and resist the 00; stables in the exercise of their duty. He sentence d Dwyer and his wife to be imprisoned four months in I . ? House of Cor rec ti on , an d k e pt t o h ar d l a b our , and 91 prisoner Healy to six weeks' imprisonment and har d labour. Dwyer prayed earnestly of the judge to add the four months punishment imposed upon his wife to his 0 0 sentence, and to let her go home to her two children. The Learned JUDGE said he could not allow 111 s, feelings to be affected by any such appeal. B u t, !el course, as it appeared that one of the children was on 1 9 ten months old, the mother would be allowed to hays it with her in prison. The prisoners were removed from the dock, DwYe r exclaiming in a vehement tone, "11l see a day for do with yes all, when we get ould,lreland back again to oilr . selves." MARKET NEWS.--(THIS DAY.) CORN - EXCHANGE---WEDNESDAY The present week's arrivals of English Wheat for our market have been on a very moderate scale, and the show of samples of that grain to-day was trifling. Owl rig to the thin attendance of buyers, the demand for all 4 0 ' scriptions was in a very sluggish state, at about Mon' day's quotations. There was a slight insprovement in the demand for the best parcels of Foreign Wheat, 11 l the middling and inferior kinds were much neglected• Ba rley was a very dull inquiry, but we have no deciice to notice in prices. In Malt next to nothing was doing , at almost nominal rates. The supply of Oats was by no means extensive, yet the trade was in a sluggish state• at previous currencies. Beans, Peas, and all other sit' tides were very dull. ARRIVALS. Wheat. English ...• •• 1,740 qrs. ........ Foreign Bariny, Oati. I Floor. 1,180 qrs. I 1,230 qrs. 1 1,390 gk6 940 i ---- 1,360 I ----- 1,570 Malt, 3,280 gra. WEIITECIZA.PEIL.I We had a very steady trade to-day, and prices were, well supported. Beef, from 3s to 43; Mutton, 38 6 d to 4i 8d ; Lamb, 5a 103 to 58 10d; Veal, 4s to 55; and Pork, 4a to 55 per Sibs, by the carcase. 3,430 LLOYD'S SHIPPING—(THIS DAY.) LONDON, APRIL 12. —Wind S.W., fresh breeze and squally, with rain at times. LIVERPOOL, APRIL 11.—Arrd. Samoset, Tacker , Charleston ; Maria Ignacia, Bubo:4 Sld., Yeclong, Cal cutta; Abccona, Bahia; Mexican packet, ditto; Plata, M o nte Video; Royal Mint, Jamaica; May, St, John% New Brunswick; City of Lincoln, New Orleans; Blake, New York; Defence, St aten ;Island; Eliza aroline, ditto; Cambrian, Newfoundland. OFF THE WIGHT, APRIL S.—Flora, Millopans, Rio Janeiro, fur Hamburgh. JERSEY, APRIL 9.—Sld. Julia, Cape of Good Hope. SHEERNESS, APRIL Io.—The Ilerschell, Rascher. from Bremen to New York, was assisted into this per t yesterday, with lo ss o f anc h or and chain, and part 0, false keel, havin g b een on shore on the sunk sand, sll' will have to be laid on the hardway to repair. WATERFORD, APRIL 10.--The Berlin, Smith, of and from Philadelphia to Liverpool, which went on - s hore On Arklow Bank, 7th instant, and was afterwards *ban' doned, was towed in . here to-day by the Duke of Corn' wall (steamer) with seven feet water in her hold. HARWICH, APRIL 11.—The Catherine, Cassedy, o f Castletown, from Shields to Truro, was assisted into this port leaky, after having been on shore on the Long sand. PORTSMOUTH Hondur as . APRIL 11.—ArYd. Margaret, Clark, OFF DUNGENESS, APRIL B.—Arrd. Jorgeane, Han son, La Guayra for Albona; Delphin, Janasen, Charles' ton for Amsterdam, having been in oontact with a brig. OFF MARGATE, APRIL 11.--Arrd. from Core., Sierra Leon. SREzr.riEss, APRIL ll.—Arrd. Eliza Ann, Blytht Savannah. DEAL, APRIL 11.—Arrd.—China, Ferguson, China; Monarch, Ducanson, Hong Kong; Jessie, Mc Gill, Cal km. Arrd. from the river sad sailed Cygnet' Savanilla ; Harlequin, Barbadoes; Eliza, Moore , St. Thomas; Mary Mitcbeson, Honduras; Kingston , New York; Mary Me Quoen, Prince Edward's Island; Cove, Quebec; Prince, ditto. Sld. Anna Hall, St' John's Now Brunswick, put back; Prince Edward, FAO' • OFF PORTLAND, APRIL 9.—Arrd. Euclid, Baiabridtet Mcbile, for Bremen, sad ald. eastward,