The Sun. — London, England, 1852-04-02 00:00:00

icy ret of ott , rta Ist 'a } r ~., :~I .: ,►,, ,;d,' :.,-.t'' r " , l e i to con- Government o de c e t f e s n odf their political r right existing law of the lame and as to whom the British ; asylum to re t ruge e es bi fie t e i i e n t g Government might take steps. But it was not like other ! vulsions, an t, w it t: lit .3.5 . d But that was not the whole case. subsequent communications from the Governments of . turd that cop Russia, Austria, and Prussia, or the Germanic Confedera- 1 ' here, llit er t e hey used the protection of England AS a means of not satisfied web merely seeking an asrlum 4 .oni read th y a tr e ) ff tion—an 'application to - do more than the law would enable f foreign 'Countries.. That was the • strong -point the Goyerfineeot to do.—(Hear.) I think it righe and . just adep ' . - inn acts of hostility against, and to disturb the tran to the French Government te explain the nature and intent q y by those meet -as regarded foreigners.- But if any of that communication. Now, Sir, when these represents- fal l en: l..- y n hose foreign powers. Those were. the points which Lions were made to me I - stated that the French Go- our . a England;*he would be guilty. of treason or - sedition, vernment had. at different times possessed powers foreigner or -Englishman were to be guilty of similar.ects granted . by Alien Acts, but that these powers never a gai nst against their own ' Governments. Teis was - an anomaly of went to the object to which they wished the. action of sothat they were, in fact; carrying out sedition and treason the British Government to be directed—(Hear, hear)— that England took' care of her own tranquillity, _a e ri a l r e v ar e ) r c ve si bi r c e ll . .foreign Governments had a -right to complain.. die J . Welsh) was not prepared to : .enact laws to meet this pretended to look after that of other countries—(H —that they Weald look after their own interest, and th ' itt the. case, but he was of opinion that there was a- stronger prima pow.erriven by former' Alien Acts would be this—that the facie case on the part of foreign powers than Gentlemen op- Government was enabled to send out of the 'country any posite .were ready to admit. There was a gross abuse of the their w and - foreigners whose presence in the country as . dangerous to hospitality of. this country on the pa r t o f. re f u g ee s, this country, and detrimental to its internal tranq uillity— sense of propri ety ought to induce them to abstain-from acts (Hear, hear)-,and • th a t it was in T am for them t , as k us to , which involved the :chance of- penning ftiendly relatiorirr do that which not on ly t h e presen t l aw , d i d not ena ble us to between their own Countries , and that which had given them: . • • do, but •to disenable us to do that ft.ir-which no further Act shelter. He had no sympathy with most. of those refugees d no Parliament would who had done much - by their acts to put an end to Constitu could be asked from Parliament, and I- took the liberty of tional monarchy all over Europe, and if this country afforded tensest to give.— t as great exaggeration them an asylum, it was not necessary also- to affurd them its. stating, further, thit H l eae.) thought But.th ere was of the dangers which could - arise . to any foreign countirbyefrrennos sympathy - ... - the pr • here of any foreign "refugees.. Sir, "erre° i - gr., V, SMITH concurred with the Right Hon- Gentleman nothing, it- Begins tome, upon can effect any con- that if - .- ti) this subjecthad bretighto Noble Lord (Palmersten), •- i beyond fact as in the idea that refugees siderable mischief hi the country from which they have to a satistactory close, it was unwise to revive it.— (Hear, -I fled, Any, how are they to do it? By exciting discontent hear.) The motion of- the Hon. - Member for Pontefract., Thehowever, was intended to elicit, a i c• 1 0 through- letters or' other incentives to insurrection. effect of a cause depends not only on the cause itself, but Government, and. he -(Mr. V. - Smith) desired to extract a very much on the. condition of the thi ng on w hi ch that little more. What he wanted to know was, whether, camels to operate. Sir, a slight spark may bl ow up • a British subjects had-been- subjected to any additionalincon- - ' powder magazine; while a blazing torch will burn out venience in consequence of- non-compliance on the 'part •of harmless on a turnpike-road.—(Cheers and laughter.) If our Government with the demands made . upon them ? a country be in a state of internal or suppreaeed discontent, With regard -to the Austrian correspondence, he must say he slight indication§ may augment it, and produce an explo- thought it rather an - unusual practice to cOni pliinent a new eion ; but it the country be well governed, and if the people Government upon its accession to office. • Priuce Schwarzen- . be satisfied and contented, little proclamations and commu- berg, however, seemed to think otherwise; and 'he (Mr. nicationa which may be received from refugees will be as- V. Smith) supposed that "Dear Derby," and --not "Ce harmless as waste paper.—(Hear, hear.) I endeavoured cher Aberdeen," would henceforward be the - formal -ex with great defere nce to i mpress that idea on foreign Govern- preasion of that statesman when addressing dispatches to this ments, who then represented that perhaps these refugees' •country.—(A laugh. might send money ! Why, good heavens, Sir!—the money ' Mr. B. COCHRANE said that it appeared that the Aus which these unhappy refugees have, who are living in ' trian Government had only placed British travellers under lodgings in back alleys, many of them even of the lowest ' the same regulations as those of other countries. ' He corn class, and can hardly pay for their subsistence—(Eleare hear) plained of the tone and language adopted by several Hon. —is there any danger likely to arise to foreign Governments Members in the present debate, and contended that such a from money sent by such persons?—(Hear, hear, and a manner of discussing foreign affairs was calculated to do laugh.) Then, Sir, I was told, " See, here are notes issued serious injury to our relations with foreign powers. He con by Mazzini, for 50 francs each, in return for money depo- tended that the dispatch of the Austrian Minister, which sited, - and to be repaid when an Italian Unitive Republic was said to contain a "menace," was written just after•a shall be established." —(Laughter.) Why, Sir, I did not speech delivered by M.' Mazzini, in which he, spoke-" of • think that danger from this source was very imminent.— establishing an organisation, to spread through England the • (Hear, hear.) Then, again, it was said that a banker had facts-relating to the struggles and•sufferings of Italy, and so - received . an application from some of those parties to open an that she might receive a moral assistance in those struggles." account With•him. • But-Sir, up to that time not a- farthing .Aus:ria had' cause to be-alarmed, if she supposed sucn an had been paid to that account. - (Laughter.) Then it' was- organisation 'was on foot. He thought that the conduct - of said that if-money could not be sent arms might go. And no Englishmen to General Haynau, conduct which was atonce doubt one did hear of some 200 muskets destined' for these cowardly and inhospitable,-was quite parallel with the con purposee. But how are the refugees to • get- arms (in any duct of the Austrian troops in Tuscany.--(Hear, hear.) ,He formidabl e quantity) un l ess they can get money ?—(Hear.) , 'was astonished. -at this motion proceeding from his Hon, And I do'not think that notes payable on such an eventuality Friend, -who had always beefi received most-hospitably at the as I have described are likely to send arms in quantities at Courts which he now - took upon himself to - attack. •• ' - all considerable into foreign countries.—(Hear, hear, and a 'Sir H. VERNEY was understood to' say that the whole laugh.) B es id es , th e arms are articles which it is ex- English nation ought to be grateful to the Noble Lord, the tremely difficult t o smuggl e; and any country is, of course, Member for Tiverton, mainly in 'consequence of whose con- ' boand-to look after its own interests, and to give orders to - duct it was that the cases mentioned that evening, of in prevent th e arms from being imported—( Hear, hear.) juries and insults to British subjects abroad, were exceptions Well, then, if their letters will not produce revolution ; if and not the rule. The Noble Lord was competent -above all their money is not forthcoming; and if their arms are next men to give advice on such a subject as this; and be (Sir to nothing, it is said they may send men. But the moment H. Verney) hoped that the lion. Member for Pontefract any foreigner begins to enrol men in this country for the would act Lytle' the suggestion which had been offered him. purpose of military occupations in another, we have a law to —(Hear, hear.) prevent those practices.—(Hear.) Thev cannot be concealed; Air. HENLEY, after some preliminary ob serva ti ons ,• sa id you are enabled' by the law ( a law which nu doubt th e G o - he believed that any Government existwg in this country vernment would execute) to put down such proceedings 'must always act upon the principle that British subjecta, in against'a friendly p wer.—( Hear, hear.) And,- Sir, -I felt it• any part of - the world, must be carefully protected: The my duty to point out to those foreign Governments that al- Noble'Lord (Lord Palmerston) had referred, in humourous' though. it was not entirely unnatural, considering the dif- terms, to the Austrian dispatch, in which complimentary ferent organilation of continental countries from ours; that - language was used in respect. to Lord Derby's Government; they should-fed these apprehensions, that, besides our not but that dispatch must be reed iu reference to the declare being able to relieve them, there was not so much foundation tion of the 'present Government - as ,o their foreign policy, for thenfturthey appeared to imagine; and that, however, and not in reference to thepreierence of the Austrian Go there- had been granted (as was stated in 1848) a consider- vernment of , any one set of gentlemen over any' other 'set able number of passports by the British consuls or diplomatic -of Gentlemen sitting as • Ministers.—(Hear.) As • regarded • agents to per sons not British subjects, I th o u g ht it was right the dispatch . upon which the Hun. Member for Pontefract to do . so: -It was done in a time of great commotion in had laid so much stress , as conveying a me nace , h e ( Mr.- .tie`inie; and the passpo r t s wer e g i ven to persons of-all states Henley) considered that •it applied nut to British subjects to Royalist§ of France, Republicans at Rome, and Hunga- -proper- - but to - persons travelling•abroad with E n gli s h pass- -• eians in the eas t of E urope ;to every man, in fact, who was ports; • and, so tar as he knew, he believed that no iucon-: o.YiLlg. from imminent danger, and wishing to withdraw him- venience had. arisen to any one British subjeet in cense self from that country in which his presence might create quence•ot the intimation of the Austrian-Government. He, disturbence—(Hear, hear)—and they were assisted by the had only, in` coucitision, to say that the best way- of dealing • British Government, not only as an act of great charity to with the motion, would be "tte 'suggested by he Noble Lord, the individuals themselves, but as contributing much to the the Member fur Tiverton; and he therefore begged to move tranetiillity cif the countries in which it was done. (Hear, - tee previous question. hear.) . Air tea Rome, 'for instance, a case much commented Mr. M. MILNES replied, consenting to obey the direr- upon, especially by continental governments, ,the British tion of the Noble Lord, and •to comply with 'what appeared ' consul there, and the French consul" gave passports which to be the general wish of the House. In reply to - tne re- - enabled two thousand men to quit Rome, who, if they had marks of the Hon. Member tor Britton (Mr. B. Cochrane); remained'there, must either have been a 'source of . great he bad to' observe that the Hon. &umber was somewhat , disturbance, or must have been supported by the charity of in error as to the hospitality which he (Mr. Al. Manes) - the city, a nd th e authorities of Rome not only desired that it had received froni foreign courts, for on his last visit the should be . cliMe, .bilt urged the consuls to assist them in g , t- continent he nail -been stopped and prevented entering Ling 'rid of these persons, although it was afterwards the Austrian dominions. 'Dim circurnstauce had, of course, made a erequ e et su bj ee t•oe reproach, especially to the bonsai' `of however, • nothing to do with his political eunduct'on this WS country. It was an act d one not upon his own respon-' occasion. -- ' ' .. 'justifiable, but on - the desire of the authcrities; it was perfectly - The preVious question was then put and . agreed to. • - 'justitlable i and I felt it my duty to approve of it.—(Cheers ' - - - • HARWICH. '. . " - • - • from the Liberals.) At the same time, it is true that the Sir D. L. EVANS, pursuant in notice, Moved for leave to Austrian' Government might think that some of the •pass- introduce 4 Bill, with a view to the appointment of a Coin porta. Might ge t i nto ot h er h an d s, or th a t some persons mission to inquire into the existence of bribety in the' bo- ' •to *horn they were given might seek to return under rough of Harwich. The Bill would be word for word, with cover of them. I was not disposed to find fault with the a cnauge of names, with the Bill passed last session in refer - Austrian 'Government for establishing, with regard to ence to St. Albans: The case of Harwich, he was prepared assports, this general regulation, that foreigners wish- to show, was even a more flagitious case than that of St. rug to enter into the Austrian dominions should Albans, and there was this difference that proctS existed in , 11 e passports- granted by the authorities a their own this case which had nut existed in the St. Albans case when Cotentiees,. ' .countersigned by some represent a ti ve of the the Bill was passed, demonstrating the practice of bribery. .. Austrian Government.- (Hear, hear.) I think that ever liarwiCh indeed, was even iu a worse position than Government is entitled to make such regulations as to th e ' ' adrilission of foreigners was uccuped by any of the other suspected boroughs. as it may think consistent with its When he had last brought this subject before the House, own. security, • without .if those egulations are liberally enforced which was immediately upon the accession of the present , : vexatious severity; and I think that other coun- Government. to office, the Hon. Member for the Uni , . tries are bound to acquiesce in them.—(Bean) There was veraity of Oxford (Sir R. Inglis) had charged him :I!lu es at t teriapt made indeed to comp e l th e British Government and his fiends with a mere factious desire to annoy rit.iit bl ias iet_ n regard to our passports those picturesque de- and impede the new Ministry. It was sufficient to say, which some of the foreign passports contain (A in the charge,that leadmoved • the mat - reply to iaugh)—a delineation of the features or figure which the in- ter last year, auct• had then sought what he was seeking ' - 'ffiaidual ee l, but-I `declined o bears a passport may boast of—(Laughter) e now. The Right Hon. and Learned Gentleman the Judge ... aithou to follow that example, and said that, Adv oc ate had list called attention to Harwich; and upon .... . .gsn.it.was imagined that we were fund of sitting for our the motion of that Right Hon. and Learned Geutleman for a eurtatft it was to painters, and not to aes ort-drawers; and (,„, an a ' mmittee he (Sir De L. Evans) had suggested amend ments Sir, I did not ' • • P ' P .. . comply with the wishes of foreign govern- meat extending. the inquiry to tue circumstances of all the merits in thie respect. But, S' • -e• ehleicit h k , .- have Usen .r, it appears from the apers laid before the House that there was at one elections Mr elembees for Harwich to the present Parlia, time d • • .•meat. . It, therefore, there was any imputation iu this Inisia a etermined intention on th •partespecially of the • d ' - • • H , . e . near, it applie not to, _him, but to the Right en, ,and . , Austrian 'Government, tind • to retaliate on British travellers with - Learned - Gentleman who,, probably in consequence of his de seventy in regard to . A • passports of admission into onerous tti i o--c.al duties, no, longer took an interest. in it.—(A Austrian territories —to retaliate the British Govern- on latent' tor not doing that Leo „ ext w t cannot do by taw, and never couldget law to c°- ' . a " ernbarras des richesses." He would, however, noego enable it td do.—( H ' No hear.) . 7 Sir, I think that was f f„t_ PerfeCtly proper forth' ear' dither back than ten years. In 1842 occurred the " compro ing mention in this House.—' Hear n eat - 1 I th - . 1c miss,' welch led to the celebrated " Compromise Committee , • in my Hon. Friend was right in calling the u • ttoua att . • • ,_ attention of Parliament to a menace which I think it ° Early • was so unbecoming a •forei n G buck). In 1848 there was an election and ii petition. ng ~g Government to matte, and as in 1851 there was an election and a petition; and again, in te ,"eu for the, British Goveromen- to receive. Sir, upon ee . li 'teem' ` ll4 subject there are - of • eneeva 185., there was :another election dud auoi er pt, .. e oeou,ioo, a_ . e pa, is these papers, especially the The population had decreased from 1831 to 18/1 by 411 alluding to t11)11 which I would make a few remarks. lam -e • but, strange tu say, the number of tue voters had reOnS, , .....;_ which h _ • .t amicable and Arcadian dialogue— (Laughter) i l ' il e creased. . Tn . es borough had been convicted ut bribery twice Vere mem ''' at , d passed, it appears, between the Austrian Go. increased. ten veers, which had.happened to no oth.er borough. oen e e,__, 4 l the present Minietry since their accession to r , h r .„, ' •te. eof .vIS4 ttr. Attwood, then -a .Mein-Sir, it. lade deAr, bear," and laughter from the Liberals) 11 t-e --miln e -' ' • S...igiltful andof V• • . ber of the Hutlse, was examined, and he stated , that pi on „.., . worthy Virgil to see the beautiful 1 %„ , came to him, and said he should want 2,0001. two poets and amiable feelings interchanged between the "r. Curran c the coinpro- Could - ' h :t - (Ilear, hear,*and laughter.) s• I /to carry out• the arrangement entered into on , .. Sir must say '(1-leat-, h eal those dispatches without . a smile.— miss. "1 thought .it au extraordinary proposal," said Air. place wh e ' n ' t r i! .And there were circumstances which' took Attwood, • there the Matter , b ut I gave him the 2,000 L, aid . . _ ,_ 0 Lot diMitliShe'preSerit Government was formed which did rested." He wanton to say, that Abe petition was to an u . hear, • di 41 leY mind the disposition• and augh t , to smi e.-- e ear, . i e H withdrawn, and that .Major Berestord was to vacate; d k d I he had any knowledge that electors weie Government - e t.) ' I allude to the •c) - which the Austrian on being it.. e 1 ex i s tes J 3 bribed to vote for him and Major Beresiordi he said he- had • council s , which lb : tied . at the total change of men and of d. He ' knowledge-of it, except through the money pal _ Sir, it wis very ele took place.—(dear, hear, and laughter.) n° ' ot • that this sort- of. Noble Viscount ani using, many things considered. [The had no doubt - whatever, it was •ft notorious _ ._ . o as h . - ' thing was' carried on. The next election was in 1647 e and and - the nous • e geld these words, laughed heartily, . h• t . these things were gOing But tie re- e cordially_ participated in his merriment.] he-would observe, that at t e ime . at Harwich, Dlr. Attwood well carrying on similar opera .whicii. there ma l Participated in his merriment.] e- - ' t d w 5 earn iii 'Oft siniilarupa- Which wa wae Another point which strode me as to a word on - 8 Ith' - t deal had been said about Mr. none at Lyme Regis. A great . for diYing i ink, written hastily; and without opportunity 8 cient treati at? the depths of Rymer and consulting an- Edwards and lux. Illagg, end our compared with' Mr. •Mess, .do not - vial:l e Though I have great respect for Austria, and but they were mere pigmies land,- or -- to /let ? ", dervelue the utility of her alliance to En g. the ,agent et Mr. Atwood. bit. blobs was not merely a te n . an exponent of the tendinge 'I think al m a froh eantiquity of that 'alliance (a x e giver'd bribes to •a - great extent, ° hl Moss arrived further), I thinkthe back - as I 699 I cannot carry it political opinions of his candidates. ..., n a d no . - slipped rather inadv e '4 l Plication of the words ." oldest ally" at Harwich on . the 15th of June, 1847, - at ti stated tha l t w Al ml. r. —( Hear)—seeingani ttw ntlY from the pen of the Government diately published an address, in which • sive, with Portuta-tae e a had a treaty, offensive and defen- k th • suf- Attwood and another gentleman would see their I think that however ane , a e'the year 1373.—( 11 ear.) And (rages, "who -would support their trade, reduce thin e be, Portugal' care she * thit e t T au alliance with Austria may church-rates, and - establisti' •an intercourse bFtweert_ o th early period, arid not only .wnersaaextends so farback as that port and north 'of Europe." when questioned in the C m il ; an alliance defeesive, but in t here a treaty b reeling us -mittee, Mr. Moss said before - he published the addrese . 'actedupon by sending a foree to p O Ye a r a afterwards it was had: eld out a hope Co a re* individtiale the hope that their war With Castille. Sir, I-arre surd tklitaugal to assist her in the -church-rates would - be paid for them. M 'page z 5 Of the by our early and faithful -ally the ,t we should not pass " Bluebook," Mr.. Curran stated that he hen is • list of 33 l augh) —and although Austria b ee , b e : ll ' l ft of Portttgat--(A electors, to-whom he paid uwee than - 3,000/. for their votes. yet on "many occa.sions, from eircionsta je'.Y. valuable to us, This, therefore, was 'a math' MOre . monstrous' case St. . the will and inclinations of the , Anutiace_e,o- independent of Albans; where the eleetors got - some 2/4 31.,.0r 51. 'eaoh. "was at different times in the course " of the lveroment, it Here they averaged more than NM mat wae the pelted to break away fAom the engagement s b e t war come election ot 1842. Then, with regard to the election of taken — (Sarcastic cheers, and laughter from theunder- 1847, the Committee reported, "Teat 'the last election, so .Nove then Sir, .1 think that the speech of the R• ib erals. ) far as regarded - the election of John Attyeood, Esq., was 'Gentleman' the Secrete ry . for the Home Depart 814 lion. void. Resolved, that thesaid John Attwood, Esq., was by ment • which h. . . ..d 1 &ion ". The evi cot quite so • satisfactory in regard to the point to whiets, is agnate guilty of' bribery at the sal e e . *solely the resolution of my Hon. Friend points; as it wft Ldenee event to show that about 9,000/. veal spent on that po upon the 'disposition of the Government. The resd'ution o t r 6i "n• Since then there had been two or three electicfns : .r Ron. Friend points distinctly (I may almost say exci a _ a r e l - krwicU.; but the cases of bribery were not gone into; sively) biovernments, and the the e nlhet's being unseated without. He had shown that to the intentions of foreign ' r eply of the Riht Iron. Gentleman tells us what are the in- beeligtrwot.reest corruption prevailed at St. Albans; that it had tentions of the British Government, and on a different point, pe tire" convicted of bribery within two years. lie ap vernment, the first referring to English travellers, the other to foreign heathen the House toallow le . . to introduce this Bill and nht . th - him . . , _ refugees;" Still,' however. I tun willing to accept the state- government o r t rery one wheehad the morality and good Merit of the Right Hon. Gentleman, even more largely than him the pernoesio: people et heart would join in granting G Words of it aPPear to og, believiug that now there is a Mt H. e( ER sE nat_ he asked: - s Government' which - appears, in the opinion of Austria, to Member would of use hoped 'tlie Hon. and Gallant Yrnpatbise more fully with her principles—(Sarcastic cheers further pro 0 - 7 11 L Men if he eucteavoured to stop the trolinthie Opposition)• did. As now in the enjeyea"e his Measure.. Whwas not Harwich it appears . - than the late Administration d election of te 14- of its two Members? After the e . t , been at now, at least, amicable relations have second restored. which - we • • the vear;.thejudge—hisittglviZAPmbers, Which took place last -prededing fir were told had not existed in w'th entrusted 1 . n, Friend th • Judge Advocate•• it ao . 7 _ a. . e years cI can say- this more freely now because --was .e petition ._ e e' en mPlainie yebraav)now that et -dates not from - December but from practices, but of interference ayld -___. _ g not of corrupt feehog•Z•su—cr it appears that now thesis'- such -a friendly her Ilejesty'S late. GoYernrnerat,-aaltrlating practiaei.hy, Pagiir, antv A . nautald 'confidence established between the . lion for l a Committee, .w . late4 h e wea .lZ g ve notice Of h Moe laughter)-- Austrian Governments_ (S • and Government did opse. 6 .2nud to-say tlibilito.. travellers 'so that ther Sarcastic cheers inconsequente, ( 7 4 f ttee 4e Was.appOinted,. in A:ustri ' eis now no danger for British but :it did nothing. e last • 'rho lafoo -f . h' . to my 11000urable r dominions: 1 'venture to suggest - eessiOn.' -Thd Committee of in m ess 0 ,t e think this iattse.:iend (Mlo Milnes) that he may the honour of presiding, entered into a caret a t ''' s ruti he: lead es in h r i agi 4 rit.has sufficiently accom lish d his if bribery had been practised; it was imposeN: j OY, and and, therefore; if the lots 'motion forward p e . (Hear, hear)— should no. .. t have known it,. He believed .thate e -' 4 :t•- t heY cry, few view to those co nsiderati on think it better, with a elections took Place without bribery occernrieg, h ot tia _ t _ . must be the best judges, that"' °f th which the Government such an extent as to justify disfranchiseme r u t a n , t O e dO fl oe adopted,—if it would be considei•elsilesolution should not be suppose that be was a friend to bribery and corruption.", here merit as a rebuke for offences tha t the Austrian Govern- . was nothing conservative in bribery and corruption., ' , Ktlera" 1 that it would render lees am isfacto have ceased to exist, and ' was influence - derived from local connexion, ;MU f T ruip.,the 1 the two Governments, I should sugrYgesthe relations between • just - arid impardiM'exercise of magisterial duties. • hie was, that if the Government think it betterttnttmY Hon. Friend legitimate influence, but It was at the mercy of any.rnaa wbo, question than t o agree to the motion (eZve tile previous '' was sent down by the lieforin Club with a beget sovereigns.. that they would not au,- mpt to neg at it e •` B erne, of course, ' He believed, howver, that Mr. Coppock over-e,timated his tains a statement which no one can deny), it since it con- power of corruption. In the Committee it appeared there, think • fit t o m ove t h e previous question, T if th eY should ;was considerable influence exercised, but there did not all.,•• recommend to my Hon. Friend not to go to atould really ' pear such a case of bribery as to call for the notice of the acquiesce in that mode of disposing of the very vision, but House. One voter was proved to have • been corrupted, and tesetal motion he has brought terward. - (Cheers.rPer and his vote was struck off. He ea 4 old now state, as far as he _ Sir J. WALSH. hoped that the Hon. Member t er p . ' Could, as the Hon. Member for Kent was pot present, what. fract would adopt the suggestion of the Noole Lord." - took place in the other Committee. It seemed there was a z a al serry that the motion had been brought -forward, fa He ' foolish custom at Harwich to'destroy the - pollirg . booths as, duce it lryacteunsned speeches and a discussion which would ;ril soon as the polling was over, and on that occasion they, i and interrupt the friend! relations e• • were so anxious to commence • their work of destructien that between this count • ' y slating ..they • -. .. . . ry and foreign nations. He was not si o were five minutes too soon, and they invalidated the certain that foreign countries h d election' That - was all the case' . they had before the Com - -: demands they had eo ft not some grounds for the mi t • perseveringly Pressed with regard to _Caine refugees. •As the state of thi - - tied -- perh ngs abroad was now more seta Was a small• borough, - and Caine was -- under influence: , aps that was 1s abroad thatthese demands Arundel - was a • small- borough, - and Arundel was under Ito:" not so strongly presied, and he • - and there were many •He • ~ more. e could, name Which might have afforded'easonabl rejoiced to see that a subject some that beloriged to • those who sat on his • side 'of the war with England had been cons i dered for a case of , House.' • The Noble Lord, the late First Minister', brought in with reference to the larii . of England I •• by forei _Powers a 'il to remedy what he . condide'red'this evil buethe Noble' here, and they had not preised and publ ic opinion Lord saw nb reason why Harwich should be ,treated' diliei-•' demands which • Prgrid ig i gnyogi t im s ou _, .„__ _ might have 1 eats frora other'borouglis . nOr did he. Were t r 9 WI imam waltrofue str 119 d 9 ; 9 Witd4tilar 130 ttits *hi 'illertVittif ' hey prepared' ' .• I'9 t liO' Or* THE SUN,. LONDON, wards Harwich ? He had stated - tbat if the Hon. and Gal fAnt Meinb. , r succeeded in his - Metien, he would make a similar motion respecting the borough ef Leicester; Mit the 11 , n., Measlier for that borough -assured hint that• mu, brihery took plaee thelast election, and. he.„bsdieved hitn: None took pl tee at the, leet,eleetion. for Harwich ; and if they did not beat upjestly, upon .Ilarwicli,, would not make his motiOn'respeCting'Leicester. - , Mr. CLAY said it niattereciligtle to him whetherthe car ! , repaint af Harwleh'ifas Vetirnoted'hy t` le Government,or by any He' belied for the credit ofall admi nistratioits thattbefiwouldpinin putting to such disgraceful , doihgs - .; lo a matter 'Of' this , kind notoriety All they. -required to, induce them to •act.' He had it on the authority of a gentleman' intitnately 9 acquainted' with •the,plage,,that ia. ,18 41 two m ens - Sather and son, re-• ;calved between tbem,l,ooo,l. 'They bought large barges with the money, and were. vodacioul enough to name one of them The Aftwciod. The . other did not:know the ; name . of, but it ihight'heThellitreper, other cases.voters_were .made - so `they never got sober agaie,.. bat: died drunk.' '-He believed that' igsilingUantriiSaions into boroughs, - Where it - was' belii.Ged that bribery bad been practised; would sid more good' to promote purity of election than -anarthing,they had eons to effect that object during *tno last nenturva.,,,' - • ~., Alt•-,134Q441 - IAW obaervedahat what.,ibe bad said 'were his :gertuine,certriptions, aedtboughtlie Heti: and Aiallant (,}en tleminhad raised a lapels', at his,expense, bie,werda ; would be• found - to 'he true. ''Xbe best course which the House could, _pursue would be toti , S'ree the writ for' Harwich at the next •general 'election,: arid let the borough be ,tried by its conduct Ittiviedestitiieney'-WereWite people they . WouldknoW how to .aets s.' , (Loberianghter,) •' . • • Mr. Secreta r y -W ALPOLE opposed'-•the' - Motion.' 'Whet was asked for was, that, the Rouse 'Aliettlet issue a Commis= Sion, with enernioue andurlconstitutional powers, which in many respects, would;,supersede the law ,of the land:— ( Hear, heap) Such a, Commission ' , hathought, ought never to begranted'excea in Ow case of ; corruption, recently, and lf thu.pgreed to the motion the 'tvoald. - give to a majority of that a power to deal with horoughi and - COunties - that 'night be opposed to their' vast-a, to whieli be could never consent.--(Cheers.) :The ItutheritieS upon which this .ease tested - Were these - of Sudbury-and St. Albans, but be beggedthe HMSO to bear in mind how greatly, both these , precedents differed from the case before therm In Sudbury the . ' bribery was so great that, out of the .276 electors who Polled, for Mr. Dyce - Sombre, no .fewer -than 20, were s.proved to. have, been britted4 and the . commissioners, reported that they believed the bribery must, have, been carried to ,a much greater extent, 'because, at the rate of 7i. .' per head, that .would not have'.acconnted for the %OWL' which had been sent to • the borough for the purpose ' 'of Corrupting the 'voters.. The case of St. Albans was still stronger. &cord ing to Mr. Coppock to bribe or to "bleed * was the general practice; and Alderman Carden , sard the political opinions of ittost , ef-the constituents :were breethee:pockets.-s-; (Laughter.).,-: The Commissioners in this case also •reported .that.the, practice was .not occasional ; or:partial f but , gensral and . Systematic, . 704, of ..,20b. , .votera who. polled for one :of the candidate's, only 30 were supposed td,hava.been bribed; and out of 276 who bad voted on .the other, side,- 186 were, 'Clearly bribed. • s ln both .ciaaes; there, was thus -shown to be universal cO r r u ption,,,Ahd it: was , proved to hive occurred 'at'ilreeleCtiOn Whicit had just taken pled . ; but in the case of 'Harwich, 'the' Honourable and Gallant Member had gone' backsis farAs 18.42;•And had' only come down `as late as 1847 or 1848. There- might'haver been bribery - in • both cases, but . then,there was , bribery at Leicester, in the case of which theAmmitteereperted that the system carried on had been sloth, as to. demand the attention of the House.: But would it be just and. air. to the lion. Members fo r Lei cester, because bribety ad.been, proved in 1847, to issue . a commission' with enormous and unconstitutional powers„ and then to dispbasess thent of their Seats, and diarratichise the, • borongh7 . Where bribery bad taken plaCe ' it ought imnie diately to'be inquired' i n t o; b u t in th e case of Harwich, two elections-_ bad - occurred since '1847, on both of Which peti tions had been issued, thefirstsor which alleged only it*ant of qualification, and; the second only intimidation.- (Hear, hear) He wanted to „know.! then on what principle they could issue a.commiesion to ,inquire into this case, without also inquiring into all ,-other places where. am Gentlemen could get, up and say that notorious bribery bad been practised.( Hear, bear.) The (hay - of the House was to protect the' minority-(Laughter) - -and, theretere, he pro t6ted against -st Courais which .might lead to the results which hebadolready pointed out.—(Hear, heir.) Besides; there.was ale() thistnomaly. They had 'diSfranchised one borough' (St Alban's), of which the Hon.' Member still kept hie seat ;sand now they ',were asking for a parliamentary in quiry into another, where no, -corrupt practices had been preyed., They .were keeping, open. that seat for more than 12 months; ..but surely the inhabitants of that town were as -much entitled to hare a representative in the House . a s .Any other , 'btorongh.- , :-(flear ' hear.) Ile considered,- first, that they Wire not entitled at all to institute an inquiry . into any alleged corrupt practices,' unleas such Corruption were recent; and, secondly, that such inquiries ought to be pro ceeded.with immediately; otherwise they might deprive the country:for one or two years of its proper number of repre; seurative!..—<Hear, hear.) - In the present case; however, as the seat had been kept open 12 mouths , and as a general 'election was se n ear at band- , (Cheers)—he did not think it would, he • right•to.Move for : a new-writ..—(Hear,,hear.). thou p ht that the case of fit. Albans was bad enough;without making any ..worse :WOrse ; than. it Wa s. -7" C L Og ii t.o:l -. lie thought it Was vary, severe to eiaggerate the arnoun ,of COrruptiori„ ACcordiOg to the figures.of the Coniniiisiohere'report, there were 200 voters against. whom there' was' no - allegation of bribery or eiirriiptiort; and therefore the corrtiptionstas'nehiniVersal. ..'With respect to the present motion he was in a SeineWhat - difficelt Position. If he voted for the proposed Bill: he should vote in opposi tion to the argument he had used-in favour of St. Albans— (Laughter), -and if he voted against it he should be appa rently voting in favour of corruption.—(Laughter. ) Mr. M. J. O'CO&NELL objected to the animadversions which the Hon. Member (Mr. Clay) had cast upon the Election Committee. He (Mr. O'Connell) had sat upon two Committees, in both of which th e M em b ers were un seated—in one f them (the Lincoln case) upon the very smallest possible amount of evidence that could be considered sufficient. Of course they were bound to see that the case was proved according to the law of the land.—(Hear.) Mr. CLAY had certainly no intention to censure the Com mittee, but he did think that they were not the best tribunals for sitting evidenCe, as he thought had been confessed by the issuing of commissions. —(Hear.) Mr. T. DUNCOMBE protested against the idea that the supposed approach of a general election was any reason why a new writ should not be issued. The reason why it had not been moved .for, in this case was, because the inquiry had been pending. How would the evidence of - Mr. Coppock have been obtained but for the St. Albans Commission ; and if the CommiSsion now asked for were issued. no doubt they would be able to get the eiridehce of Mr. Attwood, which Would in-' dnee the - lions° to pass - a 13111 for the disfranehisentent of Harwich. At 'Albevents; if the Commission - did not isiae,'he (Mr. Dunconahe), should certainly- ~move for' the new writ, because be thought aninjastice Would be done,.. if they any longer sespentled,.it.39 a - Nery immaculate and holiest bo rinigb.—(Linghter.) Mr..WAL.POLE explained. that under the circumstances he SliOald riet:reOVe:fot the writ, hiiiiself.—(Hear, h ear .) Mr. BANKES , explained that the petition to the House, alleging that three, of the: tivevoters who constituted, the majority at the.laStiLlarwiCh eleetionhad been .intimidated by the late - Gevernineat, had been placed in his hands by persons whom be believed to be respectable; but he bad no further lb( erest iii the matter Whatever. At the beginning of the Present session there had been no petition praying for a renewal of the inquiry, ,and therefore, although the same GOviirnment, viss.tlien . ,in office, he had not thought it hi s 0 duty. to press the subject. was qiiite true that he , had moved, for a Comniitiee,_but that was a very different thing from A`.."CorniniSsiop.. ,(Hear, , hear,.) . With, regard to. th e case. of St. Albans,' there had been a technical -difficulty as to the adjoininneet el the CoMmittee, and that, had vitiated their WhdleproCeedings. Sitar was he from wisbiogtostretch the power of the Constituti66, - t h a t b e ,h a d v o te d againc that Commission, thinkitg - that, its puly.ers,should be intrusted to MeMbetsOf that Hpuse;'' and, ho Wished they,. had been so. The Honse Would bave Stood higher, hail that inquiry been con chided by its members.. That Cominission hind Shaken their jurisdiction,, and had tended to invalidate. the decisions of theirCorninittees. .At present he saw no ground for the pro posed" Conte:fission, : Had : acorainittee been proposed sup tortei by sects a petition as he ,had presented,: he would haVe voted Tor it. lf thalloa. Me m b er f or Fi ns b ury wou ld move the iarsue of the writ for Harwich, he would vote with him. • Mr. D.EEDES said - .he had Acted as chairman .of the second Harwich. Election. Coinulittee.. No e v id ence - as to bribery was laid he ore them,. nor was Any conclusion come to on that; subject.' , , , The Committee's decision w as f oun d e d entirely ona point of law ' as to whether th e p o ll was k ep t open, the time-whether:proper.. it had, been interrupted by improper Vivienca. r and whether the returning officer had taken the steps, he Ought to haVe taken. Tbe.„Cominittee thoughtbe had not done 50,., and consequently deemed it a Void election. : It had .been said, if, the borough was so inn maculate maculite silould it:Object to an 'in qu i r y? That might be made an Argturient (or a Comthission : in any:., case where there wand coniplaint Whatever.,..lle,could not help think s ing that . Hitrivich.was rather hardly dealt with, and . he saw no reason why a writ should not issue. , It was altogether an unfair Proceeding._ • • - • _ Sir.DZLACY ANS;ia reply, said he-was : not aware that the minorityhed any such peculiar ;; claims to:consider ation as had been urged by the : Home Secretary; be had always.,und,erstood. that the of decided - everything. Ede justified. the appointment of the Commission by ref erence to the .casd,of.St. Albans, and contended that great benefit had resulted iberefroin„ • „ , . , Mr. ROElWCKihought the proposal. for , a Commission came rather toe late. •The inquiry• at St. Albans had beea institnted-titerely to enable ,: the, House to arrive at the f ac t s; and npen•these fade the Bill brought in by the Noble Lord (Russell), and , taken up by 'thee present Government was founded. 'lie could,llet vote favour of this Commission; and he thought they ought not i to, allow : that night to nasa without iPsulng the.writ. ..liewould have voted, forthis mo tion..l4'A been -made a year ago. Now, the best -.thing they could do . was to let. Harwich have another trial to save itself from conZienination. He had.no doubt it was a corrupt place a year ago; but the metiontame too late. ,T . he House thendivided- when there:appeared,— • • • the,motien , . . •95 • Against ... . . .. . ... - 137 jority,against Mr. k i r. I'...IUIsTCoMBE alit had been decided :that . ,no inquiry shonidtaka place, the House had no right to dis franchise_thS borough,,eitherfor a week, for two weeks; or a 14411tb-,• s lfe, ; therefore- moved, that the Speaker ;should' iSsue.his - WaKrant to 'the clerkef the crown, directing , a..writ to issue,tot..the .horough 'of klarwich, the room of •Mre Crawford. +. , - . . • • Mi. Bigql-1%34 i4-tbis motion seemed to follow somewhat ,natUrAllY. -from the, course - taken by the Government, but there wastte-iarscsesity that it should fellow so ' immediately. A fornieratteMpt had been tnade to move this writ, and the %Anus had thonghtthats.it should be suspendedforsome time J9ngers,fins. some. cause not. very- clearly explained; but there 4a understanding that notice should be given -before the g.flL.Waa moved. .; After adebate which w as no t supp ose d to c 0 v u 4 3 , 47 . :spacial reference to the motion, and after the pre to put it oft': tidal-tee tia that thatiae"*4: 'aP4 - luederstanding, it would•not •be fair su a deillies m s %ion abouldise 'consented to Considering the left twstl o 9 fl l e Propesir ion, end that many Members bad holidays lie rhoved. lion wour c i-T,4 r i agrlß idea whatever that any such mo deternaint7toca•read' acid notice g i v a Ail!edi he -hoped lt,would be withdrawn, a future day... It would .be better - Qf it for Ment,. that the debateas an amend- Sir. DE L. EvAN, s B B4i n Quis. l beadjourned. aecussary and i another .most.unfortunate __.....conded Abe amendment. •• ssist that was . Haase Would -.not noht aveceaeZgerinevery to him that the improper interference of the ti3listaitnua4nchc,Ge6sen9teftrlteshriato:niotip.epsoeite., it _ to the ;dicta , cur in the moth, • oh, • oh, :and laugh t;:.r) or om n u s ty made.. •.. fri r ,,./30n-tERTO hoped the made„' not act, t t fo hi n ng .o .. f ' ; , l l ,l!;.. b b ° ro P e ed el.t h ri e rtuned,. y in 'OPpoSition te ; the, understanding .t nt. 7 .3 to issue Mr. IiEWDEGA.TE :said that the, liberal Without .due potice.— Party having Stist jOinetk in en, unpopular tvote as•far as Harwich ~wa s con ,. (Hear, hear.) 'corned, tbe.i Menshet far YiusburY 4 9 4 " moved that. the writ do lasue„A•lthough he•bad just now declared that it was net fit to, retltth I)fember.-41 . 1ear, beer.), Theson. Man i* ielkag - kimils*TforS , *X II I alga aid, raal 'era 'e a ain de ght nal Pi ces • Lnd .ny ►ty om lig tve ers ich the .: :ed its • is- iat we • to es , ne n- ;• be he its ea • • 3 6 1 4;i a. _ it 16 1.41/1 a d '-:;era • EVENING -I moved that the issuing of the writ be postponed for ten days. What he should suggest was that the writ be moved for to morrow (this day).—(" Hear, hear," and cries of" divide.") 1 Mr. MUGU f said that his motion was that the debase be . Mr. DLTSCOIIBF. said that heshouid be the last person to ask the House to break through any understanding; bet the understanding was, that the writ should not be issued without inquirS. The Hon. M em b er f or W es t m i n ster had moved 'for an inquiry, and the Hnuse having decided upon that point, he bowed to the opinion of the majority; but the natural consequence of that decision was, tbatlhe elec tors of Ilerwich should' not' be deprived Of their ' (Hear, hear.) He believed the House was competent to de cide the question that might, but If it thought otherwise belied no objection to postpone the i motion till to-morrow (this day).- (Hear.) , Mr.,111. J.,O'CONNELL sa id that it'was of the greatest importance that the House should not decide upon thisqiies -, li tion hastily and without deliberation. As there could be no election before the Easter recess, he thought the sugges tion of the Hon. Member for. Manclester would meet the ne cessity of the ca e. Mr. WALPOLE said that when he gave his reasons' for thinking that the writ ought not to be issued, he omitted one reason, for it might be supposei if he moved for the Writ, bt t o b i sa theto ri e G did i ne b ro o ir o o riu r t d g. _ e: ( t H o ceanrd,eial hear.) to Hoeb had d a t ahat o d p v i n a i tt i tg i already stated. Th e motion and'arneil be issued, he should,prefer that the motion shot4dPe made after notice giien.—( lle'ar.) • hi s reaeous why he thought- the writ should- Mr. DUNCOUBt gave 'notice thdt he would • 'lithe the' he s e s ran:Tot:l: the e A lv Wl paperl. () r . t e t It ri h s jelnr roan 6 t tleC i idt is : t i c r i As u b t.T r r t a o reen w n t e e : t s ts h l : e d b it. a r motion 3n :a; Iwdhi havin g h Sir R. INGLIS interfered, and said that he appealed not so much to the Hon. Gentlean as to the clock ,— (A hlu g h.) It was now ten minutes, past eleve n o ' c l oc k, and,lie asked the in Hon. Meniber whether there was any chance of silialP" only wdtai discussed as h s ee question r cl e a f ( t i t b those aas t h who uhra?t might°The licehu a i r : hu nt: a l‘t h er i se tt :m be able to secure the attention'of the House; hitt what chance ' Mr. TRELAWNY said if it wait the general feeling of the House he was:willing to postpone the motion.—(Etear4-' - Motion accordingly 1)044)1:med. POOR-LAW COMMISSION• rn(gbi himself might Sir J. TROLLOPE moved for leave to bring in a Bill to continue the Poor-law Commission for a limited time. Sir G. PECHELL complained, at some length, of the con duct of the Poor-law Commission in• its attempt to 'abolish the Gilbert unions thrOlighout the country, and particularly hear.) blamed the Commissioners for the course which they had pursued with reference .to the parish of Alveretoke with Gosport. The Hon. Baronet, after having commented at some length on that case, conclude4l,by expressing his belief law Commissioners in the matter. that there was nothing tolustify th e conduct of, the Poor- In reply to anaestion from Lord D. STUART, SitJ. TROLLOPE thought his ilon. and Gallant Friend z (Sir G. Pechell) bizght to have deferred' his motion 'for copies of the retort, Mr. HaMey'faade to the Poor-law COmniis sioners until he (Sir J. Trollope) had introduced his Bill for continuing the Poor-law Commission for a limited period. As for the , Bill, he only sought by• it to continue the Poor law Commission fur two years, and he should now venture to ask the House to allow him to introduce his Bill. Leave was given to introduce the Bill.. • Sir J. TROLLOPE moved for leave to bring Majesty, a Bill to continue an Act of the fifteenth., year of her Majesty, for charging the maintenance of Certain, poor pe rsons i a unions in England and Wales uponthe common f un d. Sir H. WiLLOUGHBY inquired wh et h er i t was the i intention of the Hon Member (Sir J. T ro ll ope) to wind up the Commission at the endof two y ears ? ' Sir J. •TROLLOPE replied, the molter did not rest with him. He now only asked for leave to bring in, is Bill. The Bill was then brought in. •. , . , . SthireGP.ooPr-ElCawillitoaLrdy moved-for es of the, report made to Hawley,c poor-Jaw inspector, dated the 20th day of October, 1851, re l at i ng to the par i sh of Aiverstoke with Gosport, incorporated uader Gilbert's Act, with a copy of the order issued by the Poor-Jaw Board to the visitor and guardians of 'the said parish, dated the 28th day of February, 18i2, with the copy of the , ietter that accompanied the same, dated the 9th day of March, 1852; 'together with the copies of all, correspondence which •has • taken place since the last-mentioned date oetween the Poor law Board and the guaidians of the poor of the said parish, and other parties, on the subject of such order. And, of 'the several .r.ports .made on the inspection of Alverstoke. workhouse, by Messrs. CainPbell and Gaskell,, on the 21st day of December, 1849; by Viscount Courtenay, on the Ist day of August, 1850: by Mr. Redduck, on the 9th day of April, 1831; and by'afr. Hawley, on the sth d ay o f J une , 1851. Sir 3, TROLLOPE objected to the latter part of the motion. Sir PECHELL must insist on having it. Sir J. TROLLOPS could not comply, as the papers were not in possession of the Poor-law Board. Sir G. PECH ELL w ithdrew the latte r p ar t of , the motion, and the amended m o tion suds agreed to. Sir G. PECHELL moved fur a return of the amount of reight-inoney received by the treasurer of Greenwich His. pital, in each year, since, the year Ik3 19, stating i n ' w h a t p r o= yortion the freigh t-money tor the conveyance of specie is divided betweeen the royal hospital, the captains and 'com 'menders of her Majesty's ships, and ,the admirals and commodores of the several stations where the treasure was embarked. • The motion was agreed to. The O'GORMAN MAHON obtained leave to bring in a Bill to amend the Acts for lighting towns in Ireland, and for promoting trade, commerce, and public revenue by drain age and navigation, so far as relates to Ennis and the River Fergus. MUNICIPAL CORPORATION ACTS AMENDMENT BILL The House having gone into Committee on the Bill, Mr. HEADLAM moved, as ,an ,amendment, the addition of the following words at the end of section 1:—" or in any banking company which may have had, or may hereafter have, dealings or transactions with any such councillors, commissioners, or trustees of such borough." The ATTORNEY-GENERAL having objected to the amendment, The C.nrnittee divided, when there appeared— For the amendment ... Against ... Majority against ... ••• The clause was then agreed to. After some observations from Dlr. H. EDWARDS, The remaining clauses of the Bill were then agreed to, and the Muse resumed. 13 37' -24 verally read 8 third time, and passed; and and the Marine Mutiny Bill were se aouguasetiintasy4it. M d i 1113 17--'.;--'--'------ f • with .'Mr• Rear-A mr- er eley, C 8., paired o ff or, °lll3l : i ned ,at a Quarter to One o'clock- Mr. George Thonlpson paired in favour of Mr. Tro t Berkeley's motion on the ' ballot. lawny's motion on c hurch -rates, with Mr. H. O. Lacy. ..........- Colville, Tr hb: l 1111 . The following is WEST /Elt-a-ti GE the report of the Westminster ., bridge Commission of 1851: ‘, e 1 0 Tun LORDS COMSIISSIoNERS OF lIER MAJESTY 8 " We,. the C oission ers appointed TREASURY. , directions , contai ned in a l etter f rom y ou r Lord• ships dated the 20th of may, 1851, nominating us mm un der the , to b.) .Curenliatnouers for ' the purpose of '4:con sidering the best acid most convenient site for a n ew bridge at Westminster, and, at the same `time, what will he th e b est mode f construction with re navigatien,', having examined witnesses, and taken the Opinion ofseveral most eminent engineers and architects . affic over it and to the purposes of :e a r e t n h c e e se b p o:t i i n t t o b , tbbeegt,to "Tne soonest of , the rebuilding of Westminster bridge has already ' s ubmit the following report: — has the attention of three Committees , or the House Of Com mons i n the years 1844, 1846, and 1850. .. , . .. o i n t h e re p or t of the first of these Committees, made mended certain alte fur the purpose of in the year 1844, it is stated to be their opinion that a pew bridge w ould not h ee required; but they recom d strengthening rationspresent structure. " The committee el 1 846 took a different view of the subject, and resolved u nanimously that the present improving eh,,uld b e .cobatructed. ' " The Committee of 1850, concurring in this opinion, bridgashoulo be tak en down and that a new bridge advised to erect a that,a p temporarower sh ould be tak e n by Act of Parlia ment - y bridge adjoining the present cessary ; and they furth er recommended than an inquiry - work' s h ou ld b e ren d ere d ne ts :r o u u c l t d u rbee, made n a c d a e s case for such th . E ~ a , Purpose both of a scertaining the most economical Inoue o f nuir . rig ql another bridge 'on or of deciding the height of head. the convenience of the navigation . . . . which would be necessary for the ey present aovo Trinitygie' and d:t l u a m ° t i ie " T ex h p il e ' d not having been commenced, tieurancpyoroafryateltVggeunder Parliament-in the session .o 1850 is open for reconeide ration. . „ ~ the power Conferred by " The subject of our 'inn 6.1 . u- nies dividet intself into two portions —one having reference to the question of ' ''site' , for the new bridge, and the other as to ite ' mode of con. struction.' " In the evidence we have taken several - siter were suggested for our consideratio n: ~.... . . " 1. That the new bridge should be on the site of the . ~,. . . present bridge. • - . . , "2. That in should be built at some distance from the . present bridge, lower down the ri ver ; • . . , "3.. That it shouldhe rrecte d adjoiniann d g, or as near as possible to, the present structure.. " Theadvantage of the first -of these plans, - ' that the new bridge should boon the site of the present bridge,'" is, that the:approaches would be -provided without atddi- 1 tional expense ;• but; on` the other hand we'consider that these approaehes are inadequate to the requirements of the present daily increasing traffie, and occasion 'both inconvenience and danger. This plan would-necessarily involve the erection of a temporary etidget and ,i We are informed that the -site' of thealdpiers would preSent . .fii.fficultieS in constructing the ' foundation of newpiere. .This course would, moreover, -aloe fieCeitiitate the entire -removal of the. old bridge' before the -new 'one Could be commenced, and would consequently Occasion delay' Ural 'increase the cost of thia removal, . ' ... ~ In considering this plan, t h e period of time eviiloh. Would necessarily be occupied in the ' completion "ef these successive structureteshould not be overlooked. A temporary bridge could not be brought into use in leas than 18 months from its commencement, and the works * fur the new permanent structure • could not be corn menced , till ,the 'opening of the temporary bridge... We are 'also informed that the permanent bridge could not be constructed in two:' years. The temporary bridge would delay the permanent structure for which it would id the meantime be an inconvenient substitute. For these reasons-we cannot recommend the adoption of the present site as the best suited for the new bridge, and We deem it-desirable to select a site which may enable ul to avoid the expense and the delay of a temporary . bridge. . . With respect to the second p1ae....., That the new bridge should be built at some distance from the present bridge, lower down the river,' we have renewed the in quiry into the sites which have at various times been' proposed for a bridge - in lien of the existing Westmin ster- bridge, and which are referred to in the reports of the Parliamentary Committees- on this subject. The following sites have more partiedlarly attracted our attention :--- , Cbariug.cross,,Richmonthterrace,' the India Board. All 'these. are" - more or less liable . to the. alma obje ctione, namely, an increase of expense and additional d,,lay in securing a permanent comullm!ctqie la au t os ibe river. • -- ' - - :-.... .-: • - '—•-, ---- - '--• - - , FRIDAY APRIL " With regard to a site near Charing,cross, we are in ; clined to concur in the opinion Of Mr. Pennethorn - e; who obseriee,'‘ that if, with 'refeeence - to the Houses of Par. !lament, or for any other reissue, the site of the pre:;ent briJge mint be moved, 'then it would, ay rtspecta the general traffie, be most advisable to codvert the preseilt 'bridge . 'in 'a light iron" tent = bi'idge only, and build trio otherbridges - at a distance, ai it would be more advsnEageons to the pntilie generally to incur at 'Once the greater cost of building two bridges in connexion with'the neiv streets contemplated lit the 'improvement of Soiltlawark and Lambeth, thin to expend a' large ante in for Ming approaChes not'se'convenient air the existing . ones, and - which . PossiblY afterwards . it would be' ne c e s . sary extend.' * • '" Tee' sites near Richrnond terrace and the India Board are inure tavourabircircunistanced; and if the block ot houses which now separates Parliament -street from itiag•Sireet were removed either of these sitta tions" d'ig'it be preterable'to the one which we have selected. But it is obvioui that' much additional time Would he losl, ana alsrge additional expense incurred, h,f - ir r e eithir of these could be rendered tit for the con struction of 'a ; permanent bridge with its rcq uigite prom , hes... • Pibperty . of 'considerable watt° must be acquired both on tee Middlesex and Surrey siths' or the river he. tote cenyenieut accesses could he made to 4 ‘ nee hririg at either of theBe points. The tithe repaired for these purchases Would delay the opeeink - at We - new: bridge; and &ten 'When coul;.,luted, although is - ruigl.4 give an opportunity 'tor arehiteethial display, it beetii doubtful whether the change of site :would be regarded as af fording any general convenience commensurate with its cost. _ " Haiing thui stated - our objections to , the aboVe mentioned sites, we pranced to report our opinion on the advantages which would ensue . If the third and last plan were 'carried into ' That the new feedge 'should he constructed adjoining, or as near as possible, to the present bridge, either on the north or south side.' "A new oridge on the south side 'of the present structure would be objectionable on aCcount of its proxi mity to the Houses of Parliament. This • objection would 'be increased if the bridge were constructed with a height of headway of twenty-five feet above Trinity datum. The erection of this bridge would, moreover, necessitate 'the immediate purotitise of the entire south, side of Bridge-street, which consists of . 27 houses, none of which are the property of the Bridge Commissioner& The purchase of these houses, inclu ding the interests of the teninti3Oompensation for good will, removal, &c., would, very far - exceed the coat of acquiring any property on the north: side of Bridge street vinich might be required for th° approaches to the new britlge; if it *ere placed to the north . of the exist= ing bridge. • _ , ) " The property on the north" side of Bridge street:' consists of a Week of Pine houses, extending westward as far as Cannon-row, and one house westward of Can non-row, all - of which are the propetty of the Bridge Commission.' On the west of the last-nitmed house is a small block extending to Parliament -street, which is not the property of the Bridge Commiseionere. The leasea" of these' houses are either expired or have but a short time to run. " Se much inconvenience and danger • are at present experienced from the confined appreaches.and very sharp turn froth Bridge-street into Parliament -street, that it will be :necessary to make the accesses to any n ew bridge considerably wider - than they are lit the present time. " Some 'information upon the comparative cost of constructing a bridge with the requisite approaches upon the sites above-mentioned will be found in the Appendix, as well as in the evidence of Mr. Hardwick and of. Mr. Peneethorne. The lineation of cost has , not been specially referred to our consideration, nor. would it be possible to add a satistactory opinion ou ibis matter without a minute inquiry into. - the value of. property, which may be variously estimated. We believe, however, that the north side - of the' present structure will be the most convenient and eco notnical size tar the new bridge;' the most convenient, boa cause the work could be iminvdtately, commenced, and its, erection will theretore be attended with the least Ob struction to the traffic; and the most economical, both on account of the smaller expense which would be required toe the acquisition of property necessary for the enlarge ment of theapproacbes, and because it avoids. the neces sity of. a temporary bridge. " ilatingteus stated the grounds of our opinion as ' to the most advintageous- 'site 'for the new bridge, we proceed to ri port to your Lordships our views as to the best mode of construction, the Width, the height of head- Way ebt,eo Trinity datum, the number of arches,,and•the material to be- used fur its formation. • " And, first, with respect to the width necessary in the cumotsuotiou ot the new bridge. lhe openiug• or • the stew line..ot; street called Victoria-street, - which forms a direct and convenient communication between Ohelase,:'the Borough; 'and the City,..the formation of the SUM - Western Railway teriniaue in the vicinity et the biidgei and the increase of the metropolii on both...sides of the 'river, render it necessary to afford greater 'fadilitiei for the traffic over the new West ininster-bridge, 'the width of the present bridge, 42 feet, being found to be totally insufficient. " We are of opinion, therefore, that 60 feet, including the footways, should be the minimum width to meet the requirements of the increasing traffics and the comfort and safety of the public. "The width of the other metropolitan bridges over the Thames is stated to be as follows, viz ' Feet. ... 54 ... 42 ... 43 " London-bridge ..• Blackfriars bridge ... Waterloo- bridge ... Vauxhall-bridge " With respect to the height of headway of the centre arch of the new bridge, we have considered the conve nience of the navigation, the proper inclination of the road for the purposes of traffic, and the effect which the structure might have on the archittctural appearance of the New Palace. " In hisAvidenee, given before tbe Comtnittce of 1850, Mr. Barry stated ce r t a i n cond i t i ons wh i c h h e d eemed indispensable if the bridge ,:were. to be retained in its present situation; these were— , That the roadway a the bridge ihobld be leiel' froni shoro to shore; that the width of the roadway should - not be less than 100 feet; that the:height of the roadway of the bridge above-Tri nity standardshould not e xcee d 2 0 f eet .' " This last , Condition, if complied with, 'Would leave for the purposes of • navigation a headway of only 16 feet if the bridge were of iron, and .of. only 12 feet 6 inches if the arches were constructed of stone. Such a bridge as Mr. Barry recommends would_ undoubtedly improve the archittctual appearance of the Neff Palace, by relieving - that , building from the effects of , the low situation in r.nich it is placed, and, if other considerations did not. interfere, we should agree with Mr. Barry that th© proposed lowness of the bridge would be an advantage, and that a width which would give it the character of a terrace, or,' as Mr. Barry saye, a grand promenade, wOuldhe initself• an ornament to the metropolis, .and a convenience for the communica. tion across the river. "A• bridge of this limited height and of this ex tended width would, however, we believe, be a serious ob.tacle to the passage of vessels, while the increase of the metropolis to the - westward renders it important that every CllCOUragadent Ehoild be given' to the navigation of the river. • The height of the centre - m.4,d Westminster-bridge is 25 feet. • . , " It has been stated that the largest vessel navigating the Thames above London bridge is of 300 tons, and abao that a vessel of that tonnage could pass under an arch of 25 feet 6 inches of Trinity datum, without any inconvenience, provided that the arch bo of sufficient span. " We are informed that it would be an advantage to the coal trade and to consumers, if facilities were af forded for the passage of larger vessels, which might then possibly supersede the smaller craft now employed in the coal trade of the river. Regarding, therefore, the interests of the navigation, we are of opinion that the height of• a headway should be limited only by the easy Inclination required far the roadway over the bridge, and tve recommend that the height of headway of the centre arch should not 'be' less than 25 feet 6 inches above Trinity datum. " We subjoin the.height of headway of the. other bridges across the Thames feet. inches. "London-bridge Blackfriars-bridge Waterloo-bridge ' 27' 6 Vsnxball-bridge..: 26 0 _ . " The width of the arch, for the purposes of navigation, is as important as the headway. ' " In an arch of a large span the extent of the headway is not confined to the exact centre of the arch, but extends over a wider space, and thereby facilitates the passage of the vessels. " The fewer the number of arches adopted, the less will be the resistance to the • current of the stream, and, c onse-_ quently, there will be the less pressure against the piers ;;_f the bridge. The fewer the piers the less also will be t he r o struction to . the navigation. • The number of pr i ers l present bridge contributes to the formation of edd i e s the end shoals in the river. We would, therefore, f same bridge it should not consist 0 in constructing the new than fire arches. • - • reCOll3 mend that, f money . I n our choice of materials we have been gtuded by the 'following considerations :—Economy of time re s ui n oo d oe° for the in the completion of the- bridge, and con _ es of naviga. a bridge •traffie over the bridge, as well as for the Plulf ht have pre tion. Under different circumstancer;:nor such ' re. ferred abridge of stone; _but consideultahast wouldannach would be attended with an increase d r, arid farther, that its quire <a third_ more time to • construn additional rise of 3 feet adoption ,;would necessitate he an an -the .bridger we feel no hesi, .6 inches for the roadway over . - the p he em bridge . should tat on in recommending that the An iron arch being Iran structrtre• resting en' s tone there will be aim reasure so'much lighter than one o • cnrobent weng. -..-t. A greater span of arch from the superin out in stone.. Twenty m ont h s i s can be obtained ia i t rou o that, would be required for the completion said to bethe.time d three years the. period for the of the iron hriage, an erection -of a stone structure. h "In accordance with the views ere expressed, we sub mit the followingresolutions, which we • re unanimously agreed to : bridge should h 1. That the presen t , e used as a tempo • bridge until a new bridge shall have been constructed rary bridge should be constructed • ' 2. That, a new adjoining, or as near as possible, to the present bridge on the north side, that is, lower • down the river. , ... 3. That the new brid s h ould not be lees than 60 feet in-width, including the tootwys. • 0 4. That it be constructed, of iron, with`stOne pire. ~, b. That , it consist of no more than five arches. ' " 6. That the height of headway of the centre arch above Trinity ,turn. be not less than 24. 6in, ' "7. That it is de,sirable that no thne should be lost in making prepar a tion for the e 9 -,,, anenceinent of the work. We beg', in conclusion, with ieferenee to the 7th reso lution submitted by us,- to state th a t t h e dilapidated state of the . present bridP, the uncertain' expense of '-maintaining it,: even as 1 temporary ' structure, 'antl:the inconvenience of this bridge both 'to - the' land -and - river traffic, - render"-it • highly- deAsable—that--the permanent- bridge should be : commenced and- fuliihecl with as WUe delay , is possible;' 2, 1852 and we have it in evidence that. if the work were com menced early in the ensuing year, the bridge might be open to the public in less than two years from the period of its commencement. • " The Committees of 1846 and of 1850 both recommended that a Bill should be brought into Parliament for transfer ring the estates and property of the Bridge Commissioners to the Commissioners of her Majesty's Woods, &c., due con sideratio❑ being had to the claitnsof the officers of the bridge estates, in the event of their, services being discontinued. We concur in the views of the Parliamentary Committees as expressed in these reports. _ _ ".SEYMOUR. " LO.NSDALE. SUDELEY. ' • •" R. GROSVENOR. " ROBERT HARRY INGLIS. " C. T. WEYNCOURT. " J.,HUMPHERY." PARLIAMENTARY DIVISIONS, (Froth the Votes and Proceedif the House of Commons ) THURSDAY, APRIL .1. .• HARWICH :BOROUGH. , Motion made, and Question put, " Tfixt have be given .to bring in a- Bill for appointing Commissioners to inquire into the existence of Bribery in the 13orough of Harwich." The House divided:— • MINORITY—AYES, 95. Adair, Hugh E.• Greene, John Ricardo, Osman Adair, it. St.atto Hall, Sir B. Romilly, Colonel Alcock, Thotur.s Hardcastle, J. A.' ' ' "SalWey, Colonel •Anderson, Arttini Harris, Richard - Seholedeld, William Baines, M. T . , Hastie, Alexander • Sco.bell, Captain Bouverie, E. P. Hervey, Lord A. Smith, Vernon Boyle, Colonel ' Heywood, Jame* Smith, M. Tucker Bright, John • Higgins; G. G. Stai.ton, \V 11. BrocklehurA, J. •• ~ Hindley Charles - StrickLuni, Sir G. 13rotlicrton,..1. 3 . Hoblumsc, T. 8., _ Strutt, E. Bunbury, E. li. ' Howard, C. W. Steivart, Admiral Carter, J. B. Ilumphery, Ald. Stuart, Lord D. Cavendish, C. C. Hutt, William Talbot, C. It. childers, J. W. •Kershaw, James Tennent, R. J. Clay, Sir W. • Milt'. P. J. Thompson, Colonel Clillordal. M. • Langston, J. H. Thornely, Thomas Cockburn, Sir A. Martin, J. Townsheud, Captain Cowan, Charles Matheson, Colonel Trelawny, J. S. Davie, Sir H, • - - Milligan, Robert Verney Sir H. Dawes, Edwar Milner, W. M. Wakley, Thomas D'Eyncourt, C. T. Moffatt, George • Walinsley, Sir J. Duff, George S. Molesworth, Sir W. Wawn, J. T. Duff, James Morris, David Wilcox, Brodie Duke, Sir J. • Mowatt, Francis • Williams, John Duncan,'.George (orreya, Lord Williams, W. Duncombe, T. . O'Flaherty, Anthony Willyams, H. Ellis, John Ogle, S. C. Williamson, Sir H. Enfield, Viscount Osborne, Ralph Wilson, Matthew Kvans, William " ' Pechell,• Sir- G. . Wyvill, Marmaduke ThVart, William • Pato, Samuel M. 'Foley, J. H. .. Pilkingten, James Leach, Charles , Price, air it. L. Glyn, G.C._" Rie.ardo,•John L. , , TEL Evans, Sir De Lacy Clay, James . . MAJORITY— , NOES, 137. .: Acland, Sir T. Dkye East, Sir J. B. , Maxwell, Hon. J. P. Adderley, C. B; • . Edwards, Henry Miles, William zolldall, Captain , Egerton, Sir P. Mitchell, T. A. Arkwright, Glearge Estcourt, J. B. B. . Morgan, 0. Begot, William Farrer, James ' Mullings, J. It. Baillie,'H. J. ' Filnaer, Sir E. Naas, Lord Baldwin, Barry Forester, G. C. Napier, Joseph Bankes, (1: Freshneld, J. W. • Newdegate, C. N. Baring, Thomas Fuller, A. E. Newport, Viscount Barrow, W. H. Gallwey, Sir W. P. Noel, Gerald J. Bennet, Philip Galway, Viscount O'Brien, Sir Lucius llentinck, Lord H. Goulburn, Henry Ossalston, Lord Bere.sford, William Gore, W. 0. • Packe, C. W. 131andford, Marquis Greene, Thomas Palmer, Robert Boldero, H. G. Grogan, Edward Portal, Melville Bowles, Admiral Gwyn, Howel Reid, General Bramston, T. W. Hale, R. B. Renton, John C. Brentridge, Richard Halford, Sir Henry Repton, G. W. 13ridges, Sir B. Ilallewell, E. G. Rushout, Captain Brooke, Sir A. B. Hamilton, G. A. St. George, Chris. Bruce, C. L. C. Hamilton, Lord C. Seynser, H. K. Buck, Lewis W. Harris, Captain Smollett, A. Buller, Sir J. Y. • Heald, James Somerton, Viscount Burrell, Sir C. Ileneage, G. 11. W. Sotheron, T. H. Cabbell, IL B. Henley, J. W. Spooner, Richard Carew, W. P. • Hildyard, R. C. Stafford, Augustus Chandos, Marquis Hill, Lord E. Sutton, J. H. Child, smith It * Hope, Sir J. Taylor, Colonel Christopher. R. A. nOpe , R. T. Tennent, Sir J. Christy, Samuel - Hotham, Lord Clerk sir G. . Hughes, W. B . Trevo r , Thesier G , S ir F . Clive, E. 11. Inglis, Sir B. u. Trollope Sir J. Clive, H. B. Jolliffe, Sir W. G. ,' Tyler, Sir G. Cobbold, J. C. Jones, Captain Tyrell, Sir J. Codrington,:Sir W. Knox, W. S. • W il loughby.w"V e i g a r e i t Y .. T , h i, o o m: u g Villiers, Viscount Collins, Thomas Langton, W. IL , Compton, H. C. Lennox, Lord A. Walpole, Spencer Cotton, W. H. Lewisham,'Viscount Whiteslde, James Cubitt, William • Lindsay, Colonel Sir Ir. Davies, D. A. . Lockhart, W. DeedeS, W. Long, W. Wode house, Edmund Dick,.Qnl ntln - Lygon, General Wynn, H. W. Dod, J. W. Manners, Lord C. Yorke, E. T. Duckworth, Sir J. Manners, Lord J. • Duncombe, W. E. March, Earl of TELLERS. Dunne, Colonel .- Masterman, John Bateson, Thoma s Lennox, Lord H. d. Du Pre, C. G. Maunsell, T. P. MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS ACTS AMENDMENT BILL. (IN THE COMMITTEE.) Clause 1 (Proprietors of Newspapers not to be deemed Contractors by reason of Advertisements): —Amendment proposed, in page 2, line 15, to add the words, " or in any Banking Company Which may have had or may hereafter have deadngs or transactions with any such Council, Com missioners, or Trustees of such Borough :"—Question yut , "That those a words be there added." The Committee divided : MINORITY—AYES, 13. Anstey, Thomas C. Hindley, C. Thompson, Colonel narrow, W. H. Hobhouse, T. B. Bell, Jacob Mullings, J. R. TELLXIII. Carter, John B. Pilkington, James Headlam, T. E. Greene, John Scholefleld, William Hutt, William Haliewell. E. G. Tennent, R. J. MAJORITY-NOES, 37. Arkwright, G. Gwyn, Rowel Sinollett, A. Baillie, H. J. Hamilton, G. A. Spooner, Richard Bankes, G. Hamilton, Lord C. Staftbrd, AugUstus Beresford, William Henley, J. W. Tennent, Sir J. Brotherton, Joseph Hill, Lord E. Thesiger. Sir F. Bruce, C. L. C. Jolliffe, Sir W. G. Trollope, Sir J. Chandos, Marq. of Knox, W. S. Vyse, R. H. U. H. Chichester, Lord J. Lennox, Lord II G. Walpole, S. H Christy, S. Mahon, O'Gorman Willoughby, Sir H. Cotton, W. S. Naas, Lord Duckworth, Sir J. Napier, Joseph TELLERS. Dunne, Colonel Newport, 'Viscount Bateson, T. Edwards, Henry Packe, C. W. Banbury, Edward Grogan, Edward St. George, Chris. THE tUttitENcY. THE QUESTION "..V T. IS A POUND ?' TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.' Sia,—Thc recent discoveries in CalifotUia and Australia 'render it extremely probable that we shall have to suffer the evils of a depredated currency, if.gold long continue to be the standard of value. It is, 'therefore, advisable to consider whether or not some substitute cannot be found which will be more perfect as a standard. .In the first place, then, it may be remarked that there is no more absolute necessity for the standard ot value to possess intrinsic worth than for the standard of weight or measure; and in the next, that the experience of the last few years has shown that, however abundant may be the amount of money at the source of issue, the active circulation of the country cannot be materially increased beyond a certain amount, however low the rate of discount, or however strenuous the efforts to force it. Money, like other commodities, is governed by supply and demand; and, like them, if supplied in too great a quantity, or if not required as the iestrument ot exchange, lowers in price, and becomes a drug in the bands of the owners or possessors. If gold, then, ought not to be the standard, what ought ? and what ought to bo the mode of issue? As regards the standard, instead of making the pound sterling to represent " a certain amount of gold, &' a certain fineness;" that is to say, instead of making it to represent the exact ansunT of a certain quantity :of labour, I would make it the representative, or money value, or money expression of that certain quantity of labour itself; instead of the representative of the result of that labour; and thus avoid the necessity of seleeting one description pf commodity from the rest, fixing I price, arid making it the exponent of value for alt. To illustratef—Let us suppose that value of -adult male labour throughout the g o ki t he'day. two shillines per day, twelve hours' labour r etresentativp, The pound sterling would then be tb e _ l ;* o f ten days' or money expression, of the averag,etontia the A n do rI D I is s hillings would adult Male labour; 'and consequeetiL ss i on , of tire da3 s' and a hatfpenny;nhvipit (,f. a an st a n h d O l u r ; be the repretentative, or money et 1 9,....... sixpence, of a labour; one - shillic.g, of hal f ." o " i rh i c'sur; a penny, ot 6 :I::tqaarteoruonfd sterimil h q ej u l a r t a te n r ,h o n f il a n day; twopence, sa tici-1 1% that it represented "the &c., &C.; and, thereforeir ibi Fi , ra; certai , q u & entity IY-cloff gold la bo labour •" were adopted, instead of 0 a certain represented "a certain ci sa a," A .of representing the exact RESULT and thus fiot3ness," we should - thf° , average value' o of that d tuen represent the fe ltea ",,itabour, woul I , the "pound," of a certain am9 o , ll , g n - '' ‘ il ne findy, gold . could then be left, like average exchaugesu' enti its own proper level in price exact amount of labour r e g perations of m supply itself, and, c l e e e 9 , 7o and demand. other comrnodl there e a national by the - re spects" tura the only, bank it nk be the Nov,_ b o de of issue. I would pro bank established; and, i t t het be thi :" ''. a bank of issu°T.YL. pose that Owfhiosseeue, notes,aud that o f o n e pound and upwards should be founded upon the principle above stated—its first issues to be issue d in simple exchange for . the gold coin and beg. ton now in circulation and in the hanks, The notes thus issued should form the nucleus or body of the new circulation, or currency. All issues above these to be issued upon approved solid security only— at, a - fixed and unifo rm . rate of interest, or discount, a limited and for Issue, , ~, , i e. ? ,,, 1 ought to have nothin g a t all to do with ua 9, n the general acceptation of the term. All banking operations, with the exception of issuing, ought to be left as at present, viz,, to individual compe tition and exertion. We should thui have a perfectly Rae and-legy legitimate system of currency—fixed and steady *hi nature—and peculiarly ,adapted to all the varied requirements of trade and comineree. to_ one commo- Alt) , would ' then - have a preference over another, in re ferenno to fixing its priee or making itstbe exponent of ,the reit( but all would be placed exactly alike, and upon precisely the same 'footing. Part of the proceeds of the , gold thus liberated might be applied in ,Pa}ing off the debt owing - to tho Bank of Enz nnd, and the remainder to national purposes. The yearly profits of the National Bank of Issue might also be appropriated to diminishing the national burthens. I.Andllttly, there would he no loss from west- and tear of gohl, in ceivage or circulation—nor any 'disturbance of exiaiog 6'.lley euntract3 and engagements by the , change in the standard, whilst the discoveries; of Cali ! fornin and. Australia might then go on ad infinitum wia (Yet in the least aff:.Cting the value, steadiness, or str.- bility - of Our cutrency.—l am, Sir, &c., C. B. ROCS. This, I behave, is somewhere near the tram; but the principle above laid down would not be at all less etrtntive were the exact fact only assumed. Nor do I see why the same, or a similar priaciple• might n ot be adopted: by other nations, and thus a sort of universal standard be established. -. - ::!MmicHpy BREWING.—Sir- JAMOS -Graham, the eXpectai4 Premier, arid hii ffecretary-st.Wir, Mr. Cobden, were 'observed 414; nightiAoitlie House of. Commons, in close d eismeetontinerace 0 8041 1 6 .40111ideiablev LITERATURE. HISTORY. OF PHYSICAL ASTRONOMY: A By Robert Grant F.R.A.S. Baldwin. compreheneive work like the present, embrsoisg is Its r engo a complete narrative of the most sublime of sll the sciences, from the moment of its rise to the period of its latest development, has long been desired by the more earnest among the students of Physical Astronomy. It must be manifest that the realization Of some such p Ei o , s a s e i l li c i e l i t ty i a ' w o t h a) ° , s ul t : e oh m sat a l es t i i s z bo i f n p g lt d t a h ps e yp ma m rme in he d ttrl s yj o esoa f enterprise W 23 ab so l ute l y r equisite before there could be any an tn more l laws aided by the revelations of eated, but, in reality, which theoretical philosophy, the telescope, had revealed in their beauty and their grandeur as regulating the movements of the celestial bodies, and elucidating the phenomena of their organ'. zetion. Without some assistance like that we have indicated, the geaerality of in qu i rer ., unless, they consented to dedicate their intellects aim ,st exclusively to the consideration of astronomy, were doomed' übviouSly ceoneh to the acquisition o f knowled ge tither v, ry confused or very superficial. Teauke to the laborious compiler of the volume her e sunmitted to our e xatn i na ti on , the intelligent public will a: length be ennlied to eppreciate the majesty of the science unfolding the mechanism of the heavens, and to c naprrhend without any remarkable exertion in the way of research the consecuteee stages of its develop olnt—from the earliest ages, extending back even to the limits of ties bielicel records, down to the most recent di.coveties made ie the middle of this nineteenth century. The volume before us comprehends, indeed, according to the suegestive itnimation ut the very title. page, a de detailed description of the evablisliment by Sir Isaac New tou of the:theory of gravitation, as well as of its illus tration by s , veral sueceedine philosophers, together with an aeoeunt of the progress made in the researches of man kind among all the other departments of the sandy of celestial physics. So minute is the exposition of the theory ot gravitation by bin Grant in the very ontaet of his highly tneritorioue enterprise, that be has (wit by any means injudiciously) xteuded it from the commence meat of the first chapter to the close of the thirte.enth. Among the profoundly inter« sting subjects treated of in this particular division of his History of the Celestial Mechanism, Mr. Grant enumerates prominently sad explains with considerable lucidity—tbe law of the areas, the motion of a body in an elliptic orbit, its motion . .in an orbit of variable curvature, the attraction of • spherical mass of particles, the general off-cts of Perm' bation, the computation of the moon's inequalities, the aid afforded by 'the infinitesimal calculus, the attraction of spheroids, the precession of the equinoxes --and all the other marvellous and suggestive themes pointed out to the scrutiny of man by the immortal "Principle." It were difficult to decide upon this matter whether our author has suc ceeded best in his exquisite account of Newton's inductive ascent to the principle of gravitation, or in his masterly record of the development of its almost innumerable . consequences. Having specified the reasons impeding the early acceptance of the Newtonian theory, he goes on to show the precise nature of its reception, first in England and subsequently on the continent, enumera ting in addition to the foregoing facts those researches in analysis and mechanics which subsequently exercised . such a remarkable influence on physical astronomy. Theieupon are 'partioularized the problem of three bo dies:, the motion of the lunar apogee, the secular varia tions of the planets,. the invariability of their mean distances, the oscillations of their email tricitfee and inclinations, and the sublime de monstration of 'the stability of the whole planetary system-4 demonstration begun by the hypo thesis of Lagrange, but triumphantly completed and es• tablished by the elegant and ingenious theorem of La place. By such advances as these does the compiler of the present history adventure upon the revelation of the loftier and abstraser mysteries of physical astronomy.' Setting out with the divine researches of Newton he estimates the extent to which the world of science is iadebted to' the prior, the contemporaneous, or subse quent labours of Huygens, Leibnitz, Clairaut, Mayer, Euler, Lagraoge, Laplace, Lambert, Halley, Dunthorne, Maclaurin, D'Alembert, Legendre, Bradley, Galileo, Hevelius, Cassini, Hodierna, Borelli, Walmsley, Bailly, Delatnbre, Dorfel, Poisson, Burohardt, Binet, Danioiseito, Airy, Carlini, Lubbock, Hansen, Herschel, Bouvard, Besse!, and a multiplicity of others, going as far back as Tycho Brahe and Kepler, and coming as far forwards as • Adams and Leverrier, beginning with the Chaldean/ and ending with the Astronomer Royal. A variety' of enthralling problems, as might be telt certain, before turning over a single page of the volume are considered In the coarse of its investigations, and that with • caution which inspires confidence, and a clearness that commands attention. Nut the least interesting among these curious topics is the one having reference to the solution of the great problem of the longitude. Fasci nating as all these very accurate accounts necessarily must be, furnishing us with the actual results of the re searches, many by various geometers, perhaps among the most fascinating will be found that chapter in which . Mr. Grant describes the manner in which the sagacity s. of Laplace ledeo the detection of the physical cause of the gradual acceleration perceived in the moon's angular velocity round the earth—an accelera tion first hinted at by the comparison of the records of certain eclipses seen at Babylon nearly 700 B. C , with others, observed about the tenth century by the Arabian astronomers. Especial mention is made by the author of the present history of the lumiuoue powers and the premature death of Horrocks, who is gracefully spoken ot by him as the morning star of that galexy of men of genius who continued for nearly a c=litury to 'adorn the annals of these islands by their coati itecione to the sciences, both physical and mathe metical—such men as Gaseoigne, Brouncker. Barrow, Wallis, Wren, Gregory, Hooke, Taylor, Bradley, Simp son, Maelaurin; but above all avid beyond all, Isaac New p e n. Tee narrative gives, in the twentieth chapter of the volume, the earliest intimation made of the knowledge e t the principle of the telescope, ea revealed in Roger &won's Opus .2110jus, in Digges' Pantometria, is edidon ci .Luclid in Porta's Zefagis Natu in the posthumous work Dc lladiie • Visas. of Antonio de Doane's. This portion of the work describes the improczments made in the most wonderful of optical instruments, from the first rude tube in the hands of Galileo to the colossal reflective telescope of s a s o u d b i j i ec alculated In wi u t e h re a fe f aCe l i ' s " rei lh ad e e f of the solution or the this extraordinary proauction, f t t L i n p rc! r i tu t r , s e s . e, b s e 4 fo f r e e e t t h a e n d clo s s a e iz oi pro ine discovery a ll i t h t e b 4 , m p o i r a e a e r t e N te e a p r k t a s a b e l e , anti g e i: t t eg i r r e e d " I ' za'nt,r,a7; Gliiriantioturtsleroto tt,,:k , i b so n : 0 1 1, n . o : f, l e t i,l e d:w e e r i b t ' t il k : hor t e , o u f t b a ? ff ( w ,at h r o io l nt e . goordfdi iffihn i ca s ur n u n : d na e eo r r : f by el. Leverrier. y eat in very materially to him AS tie astronomer, g w i l e l s " froM ig u h t t ie h ar r p e tin h popular education by advance the information of that sublime leafed a mastery o celestial mechanism philosophy- Hereby he has at once con triveddepartment of atereits of the sc ience of t contributing to , o f adorning the national literature. a work capable to forward NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. of Northumberland has desired a notice to be th e e Admiralty, at Whitehall, that he will see flag put The e P 121 WI cd f rom '1 k cc sa3 s, a l-past twelve to twO oc OC Ar e ,,in v s n tead of the regular levee days. P' The above arrangement will allow of longer interviews of the ranks junior to flag officers with the First Lord at his levees, which are held on Tuesdsye. Commander William Worsfold (184 l) has been appointed to the Neptune, 140, as commander of Portsmouth ordinary, vice Mathias, who has resigned on account of ill-health. Vixen steam-sloop, Commander Barnard, was taken into the angle dock at Portsmouth yesterday morning to have her bottom scrubbed down. TY . necate, 6, steam- s l oo p, C omman d er H an d, re t u rned to the moorings in B arn p oo l on T ues d a y a ft ernoo n, from a cruise in the c h o p s o f t h e Ch anne l to re li eve th e homeward tound vessels detained by the easterly winds. PORTSMOUTH, THURSDAY.—The Antelope steam-vessel, Li , utenani-Commander Young, has been got off the Ledge of Bembridge. She had the assistance of the large boats of the whole of the squadron at Spithead, as well as the Sprightly steam-vessel, Mr. George Allen Acting-Master commanding, and the Drake lighter. The Antelope was lightened of all her dead weight—a gun, anchors, and such like, but which the Sprightly afterwards recovered. The lat ter vessel also lightened her of her coals, &c. She went ashore at a quarter past 6 o'clock yesterday morning. All hands set to work to try their utmost to get her off, which appearing to fail, assistance was sent for. The Sprightly 'lightened her about 18 inches. She found her on the inner part of Bembridge-ledge, with her head lying west, with not above 15 inches of water under her fore foot. Mr. Davy, Assistant-Master Attendant of this dockyard, and Mr. Luke, foreman of shipwrights, with a party of the latter corps, went iteplbut.i"' 28, ef of the out to render assistance, and the boat of the latter gentleman, with five men in her, was swamped in the service, but we are happy to add no lives were lost. About 25 minutes past 6 o'clock last evening the Antelope floated off the ledge, and came into this harbour without assistance, under steam. She is reported not bilged or hurt. The Sprightly cams into harbour after her, at about half-past 10 o'clock last night, with the gun the Antelope threw overboard, the anchors, chain cable, and heavy gear. The latter has been docked to-day, and found to have sustained no injury. Simoom iron i screw-frigate, Captain KingcOme, having had her engines put to rights by taking something from the , air-pump of the Sanspareil, she took on board supernuaeo• raries for the eastward on Wednesday afternoon, and ' then got up her steam and went outside the Breakwater, where she steamed about some little time to prove the new work in her engine; meanwhile the Avon tender, which took the supernumeraries to the Simoom, took the v , alOn iron-screw frigate, Master-Commander Pena, in to,! .. 2ffr . at 5 r.m., was going out to the west end of the . 13 02 .ir, assist where she will give her in charge to the Snow to 108 + 3 . her to Portsmouth. out to mpitneso. been paid advance to-day, and went The Pluto steam-vessel, Lieutenant-Coram_ martin, c. 8 ., flag of Ad. The Victory, 104, Captain G. B.a commander-in-Chief, G.C.Mh.ore' to-day " , — i d n e-r- o Vi rd es er ti t illa hae her moorings may be examined R eg ent, 90, Rodney, 92 At Spithead—The Prince . m ha i s ral be S e i n r trfahnosmferrasedßtroiggth% west . e Simoom, 16 and , Pluto, 4. a rsort.—MPjor-General . PORTSMOUTH ‘...anc. _ Superb, SO Hogue, the command of this garrison, South- Western as Lieut.-Governor pointed to • Commander-in-Chi hem doing the duty of , District, arrived here this day, and relieved Lieut.. the post as Acting-Lieutenant-Governor since the departure of Lord Frederick Fitzclarence. of. Portsmouth and 56, APPOINTVIENTS. General D'Aguilar, C. 8., v• ho h as SHERRXES3, APRIL l.—Captain G. R. Mundy to t he London, 90. Captain the Hon. A.lontague Stopford to the Waterloo,'l2 o as Flag-Captain to Vice-Admiral the Hon. Josceline Percy, Commander-in-Chief at the Nore . Commander J. B. Marsh (1844), late of the ilereine, to the Waterloo, 120, for Her DI eesty's ship general servic e . j London, 90, Captain the nom Monta gue Stopford, sent down her jury topgallant masts yesterday, preparatory to their being replaced by. her sea-going on,s. G. R. Dlundy, Esq., at present Fla Captain of the Waterloo). succeeds Captain the Hon. Montague Stopford to-day in the ' command of the London. -. The ward-room officers of .her Majesty's kill]) Waterloo ,) 120, give a farewell dialler yesterday 02 DAM ageel2sl?;