The Sun. — London, England, 1848-01-13 00:00:00

THE (.30RN TRADE. 'Tile most serious evil which has hitherto resulted som the unusually - warm and damp weather has been t lie injurious effect it has had on the condition of the Qom of last year's growth. The accounts from all parts of the kingaam complain of the bad order in winich the grain ha' slitherto come to market; and there c an be no doubt th rat this has bad a material influence (es the tone of the trade. Merchants and millers are naturally unwillir ig to buy largely of an article scarcely available for imp iediate use, for in many cases the wheat has been r eridered so rough as not to be in a fit state to grindt without a large mixture of old. Buyers have, cmsequently, contracted their opera deals ; and the raiticipations of higher prices gene rally indulged in by holders at the close of last month do not alone remain unfulfilled, but the 'tendency has lately been decidedly downwards. Meanwhile farmers do not bring forward supplies freely, ard, as the quantity held by other par ties is (excepting in the port of London) small, it is; not likely that the value of bread-stuffs will, for some time as least, give way to any I,'i -eat extent. To enter into predictions as to the •pi:obable range of prices in spring would be wholly absurd, as that will depend on matters of which m othing can be now known, viz., the then appearance o f the crops, thc , probable extent of the shipments from tibread, Hitaerto the actual fall in prices has not ?en important, indeed, we doubt whether, if due allo-w a :ace be made fir the deterioration which the quality h us undergone, the article can be quoted at all cheaper. At Liverpool, on Tuesday, really fine parcels of w heat, whether old or new, were held at the advance o' f the preceding market-day, or 2d. per 701bs. above tl se currency of that day se iinight ; and though the ordinary kinds were offered at lower terms; the in trinsic value was quite as much less as the difference in -price. On Friday business was excessively dull ; lvt.eat was quoted from Id. to 3d. per 701b5., and flour ha. per barrel lower. The reports from other large consuming markets ins the north are on the whale dull ; an effort appears a have been made to obtain former terms, which brd had the effect of checking business, and the t ransactions at Hull and Leeds were, on Tuesday. stl quite a retail scale. From Wakefield we learn that goad supplies had been received; and, on Fri day, wheat was offered at a reduction of Is. per qr. without exciting much attention. The advices from the western and north-western -parts of the kingdom are generally of a very dull tone. At Birmingham, on Thursday, there was but little wheat on sale ; notwithstanding which, an abatement of is. to 2s. per quarter had to he submitted to on all but picked samples. This was also the case at Bristol and neighbouring markets. The accounts from - nearly all the places above referred to ascribe the fall mainly to the want of condition in which the wheat has come to hand. The advices from Ireland in regard to potatoes are unfavourable, but prices of other articles of food do not appear to have been much influenced thereby ; indeed, Indian corn, the great substitute for potatoes with the poorer classes, had receded in value, owing to the belief that larger supplies would be received from America than had been previously reckoned on. The arrivals of wheat coastwise into London have been on the same moderate scale this week as for some tame past ; indeed, there was hardly anything exhi bited either on Wednesday or Friday from Essex or ,Suffolk, and the few runs displayed on the Kent stands consisted mostly of parcels left over from the previous receipts. 1% , ith so scanty a supply the ope rations have necessarily been on a restricted scale ; but though the millers have acted with the utmost caution, factors have remained firm, and the little business done has been at previous prices. Further supplies of wheat have arrived from abroad—this was hardly expected ; still very little effect has been pro duced by the late receipts, as importers have refrained from pressing sales from on board ship. The country demand for foreign wheat has not been by any paeans active since our last, and the local inquiry has also been slow. Fine qualities (particularly Dantzic) have, nevertheless, been held for fully as much, and needy buyers have been obliged to pay Monday's currency for what they required for immediate use. In secondary and inferior sorts scarcely anything has been done, and quotations have, therefore, remained nominally unaltered. The value of home manufactured flour has under gone no change requiring notice, though the turn may, perhaps, in some cases, have been rather in favour of the purchaser. Of American very little has come to hand ; but as the latest advices from the United States intimated that the stocks of the ports on the seaboard had increased, it is deemed probable that some small lots may drop in from time to time. Choice brands, being very scarce, have been held firmly at former terms ; and, though the inquiry for secondary sorts has been languid, prices have not suffered arty abatement. The arrivals, of home grown barley have been small since Monday, nor has much been brought forward by land , eizrriage samples from the neigh bouring counties. This grain has, nevertheless, been very difficult of disposal, the nr.lsters and distillers having manifested a decided objection to buy more than absolutely necessary for their immediate wants. In this position of affairs prices have continued to tend downwards, and secondary sorts might in some instances have been bought a trifle lower on Friday than at the beginning of the week. Foreign barley has not excited any particular attention ; still prices of good heavy grinding sorts have bean about main taMed. Malt has hung on hand very heavily, but no quo table change has occurred in its value. The supplies of oats from our own coast have amounted to 3,360 quarters, and from Scotland 8 -, 0 quarters have come to he nd. In the Irish arrivals there is a slight increase, 5,820 quarters having been re ported. On the other hand, the foreign supply has fallen off, and, taking the total, the arrival is small. The leading dealers have, throughout the week, acted on the reserve ; nor have consumers been inclined to take more than is required for present use. The trade has, therefore, been dull ; but factors have insisted on previous rates, and the business done on Wednesday and Friday, though trifling in extent, was at full terms. Beans have been rather more inquired for, and neither English nor foreign have been sold at all cheaper than on Monday. The transactions in peas have not been very exten sive, and quotations have remained much the same as previously. Indian corn has been neglected, in consequence of dull advices from some of the principal Irish markets. Owing to the non-arrival of Tuesday's Hamburgh mail our news from the Baltic is not so complete as usual. We have Dantzic advices of the Ist instant, and accounts of corresponding_ d a t es f rom some o f t h e o ther principal ports. The navigation having become closed, and the inquiry for spring shipment having been comparatively trifling, but little business seems to have been done either in wheat or spring corn. Our Dantzic letters state that prices of wheat were nominally 455. to 495. per quarter. Stocks were very short, and holders had remained exceedingly firm. During the year 1847 there had been exported from Dantzic 38,706 lasts of wheat, and the quantity remaining in warehouse on the Ist instant amounted to only 3,338 lasts, about two-thirds of which consisted of old, and the other third of new. The weight of the new Wheat which had come forward had varied from 581bs. to 601bs. per bushel. ,_,The news from the south of Europe i s n o t o f muc h interest. From Marseilles we have advices of very recent dates viz., 4th instant ; prices of wheat bad dem atneadafeord upwar there, in consequence of a wards 44 Languedoc ; for really fine Polish as much as 6d. per quarter had been paid, and other England sor t h u e s ( i7r:alised corresponding rates. Fright to per quarter, and 10 per cent. I n Indian corn andt?, l ; Sag ; both articles 115 there has not been much werepass ing; relatively higher there than in s o ur markets, "Y Galatz Indian corn 285., and Egzptian beans 295, I)" quarter free on board. 1 rom Leghorn we le under the date of 30th of of December, that a cargo sine Polish wheat had been bought there, for Ireland, ists, price equal to 475. 6d. p e r q uarter,, including freight, ark-lane Express. DREADFUL ACCIDENT.—It is ou r Ai _Painful duty to record the death of Mr. William in that,it effects as "'worth, s oli c itor, of Higher Bank, by an accident as fatal it was sudden in occurring. It app ears shot the course of NVednesday morning, Mr. Ainsworthlaidn a sparrow, and given it to one of his little boy s . In the afternoon, about half - pa st four or a q uarter to fiv e 0, 600! he was in the kitchen playing with his children, when his youngest little girl asked him to shoot a bird for her. Ile replied be was afraid he could not, as they would all be gone to roost, but ho would try. He then took down a gun, and having loaded it he went into the plantation beside the house. He had been absent but a few mi nutes, when a female servant heard a person moan as if in pain; and on going out she saw her master, who had last. come through a small gate leading to the plantation , on his a ct of falling to the ground, his coat and waistcoat ins left side being on fire. She ran to support him, when he ejaculated, "Oh El len !" to the servant • and as sistance having been procured he w " the house, where he died - ' u a t b t i e r n d seem that, being unable as r to l e n t fi e nT minutes . to shoot, It would un . fortunate gentleman w the undischarged gun in his left through the gate with must have caught some part han d, when the trigger immediately exploding, the content ste gate, and, the gun left side. The gun was lying on th e were lodged in his of the gate, when the servant ran up ground' by the side reached the back door, which he i to him; and he had distance of fifteen yards from the g :about to enter, a situa tion was discovered. Mr. Ainsworth' wh en big 36 years of age, has left a widow and fou wh o was about lament his untimely fate, and a large circl erchildren to o by whom he was greatly esteemed, to symp a thi se friends., this most painful bereavement of his family. with The Berlin journals announce that Prince Albert of Prussia is about to imitate his cousin, Prince Walde mar, by visiting the East Indies and other parts of Asia. THE SUN, LONDON, PHLTRSD 4 AY EVENING, JANITAI tY 13, 1845, THE DANGER OF INVASION. TO TIIE EDITOR OF THE TINES. Sir,—A letter of mine which you lately did me the favour to insert in your columns has received a share of public notice which it could have obtained by no other form of publication, but which I am well aware has been given to the subject and not to the writer. In thus addressing you, I have been led into some errors of execution which a more expanded form of publication* might have enabled me to avoid, and I throw myself on your indulgence for permis- ' mon not to retract, but to explain and develope one passage at least which deserves censure, because it is liable to misconception. Private and public corre spondents have been startled and offended by the possibility which I. assumed of the retreat of the Guards from London. It is not s ufficient for the vindication of such a s upposition to call public atten tion to the historical fact, that such a transaction has actually occurred, within our own memory, in the instances of the three great military Powers of Europe—Austria, Russia, and Fran ce. lam wi ll ing to discard these instances, and a host of minor analogous cases, and to admit that England, invaded, will be capable of sacrifices and exertions for which history will afford neither precedent nor parallel. It sve.s, however, my object to convey the belief; which retain, that if London is to be defended under cir cumstances which I have contemplated as possible, it must be defended in the field :end not in Regent-street or Ludgate-hill. In specifying the Guards, I speci fied in London, only as th e na t ura l, a t present the only garrison London, but as affording me, by their present high condition and the traditional lustre of their achievements, the strongest illustration my imagination could suggest of the inefficacy of merit against a certain disparity of numbers. Suppose them overmatched in the field—as on their own soil, or I be lieve on any other, they only could be overmatched—in virtue of such a disparity, and I believe they would be of little use within the city on which they had been forced to retire. My reason is, that a French force is not likely to be commanded by a man senseless enough to advance headlong into a large city, or engage him self in a street fight, while a prospect existed of in ducing it to capitulate by a bombardment. The latter was the course pursued by Napoleon in the plenitude of numbers and power at Vienna ; the former by Whitelock at Buenos Ayres, from inca pacity ; by the Dutch, in 1830; from a desire to spare Brussels. The Archduke Charles, in 1809, wisely considered that he could turn the garrison of Vienna to better account in the Marchfeldt than in the streets of Vienna, and the Austrian capital was in French possession when he fought the battles of Aspern and Wagram. It involves at least no reflec tion on the military qualities of the household troops to suppose it possible that a persevering neglect of the Duke of Wellington's warnings might compel him to issue to them such orders as the Archduke Charles issued to the men of Essling and Wagram. One word on the subject of the national feeling in France towards this country. I do not feel that in stating a fact which I deplore, I have done so in a spirit which could tend to aggravate its intensity. It is indeed a fact, which in my view of it deserves our attention and demands our vigilance, but which ought not to receive bitter animadversion nor to excite corresponding feelings of animosity. In endeavour ing to judge of the feelings or conduct of others, it is prudent, as it is just, to imagine ourselves under the influence of analogous circumstances. I believe this country could have borne a serious military discomfi ture without conceiving any permanent or intense de sire for vengeance or reprisal. It is fairer, however, to picture to ourselves a naval catastrophe, produced, if you will, by a successful combination between France and other maritime Powers. What would then be the feeling of this country, supposing her fleets re-organized and her arsenals replenished ? It would be a feeling which statesmen might control and Christianity condemn, but which, should the op portunity occur for an encounter with France single handed, would be something very like Irae leonum Frcena recusantum. It seems to me that the less reason we have to he astonished or offended at the existence of feelings which we have no cause ourselves to entertain, the greater is the necessity to provide against their natural consequences. I remain, Sir, your very obedient servant, Jan. 11. EGERTON ELLESMERE. AEROSTATION AND WARFARE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SI:N. Sia,—As the public has been supplied within the last few days with the highest military authority that our coasts are in a comparatively defenceless condi tion, and as a rnmour prevails that our neighbours, the French, evince a spirit inclined to take advantage of our unprotected state, I deem this a fitting time to endeavour, through your powerful aid, to provoke attention with respect to the modern science of aerostation, the utility of which, I seriously believe, will ultimately be developed to an important and immense extent in direct association with warfare. That the exordium of this communication gives expression to chimerical sentiments of a totally im practicable 4.:haraeter many persons will no doubt aver, but'if it can be shown that aerostatic machines have already proved available as a means of obtaining valuable information for an army, aod if also we can briefly and perspicuously demonstrate that balloons may in future be employed in services of the most momentous and useful kind, then do we meet and silence the objections of the unthinking, and at the same time give energy to the efforts of ingenuity which in many places and by many persons have been made for the turtberance of the noble science of bal looning, and which, i by a concentration of talent, may do much for the good of mankind. Firstly—l contend that although the infantile stage of aerostation has been principally characterised by exploits of a public and amusing description, yet there is no weighty reason why balloons may not be employed for military, philosophical, and useful pur poses besides, and although, in a scientific point of view, the reputation of this art is not so great as it might have been, and as it may be, still, as human skill is for the most part wisely permitted gradually to surmount difficulties and turn the inventions of men to a good account, so are there as reasonable hopes to be entertained of balloons as our forefathers might have felt with respect to ships, locomotives, &c., before time and united exertions crowned the labours of the wise, and the struggles of the determined class of mankind, with complete success. Nor is it a posi tive or presumptive evidence of labour in vain, be cause at present we cannot precisely contrive or define the peculiar kind of machinery requisite for guiding a balloon ; that is an end that may never be attained, or if at all, only probably in succession to subordinate contrivances and the mastery of superable difficulties. If then, at this juncture, one single ad vantage can be suggested, and that with reference to a subject of vital importance to the nation, I main tain that it is worthy the attention of the well-wishers of our country and the promoters of her good. Secondly—l will extract a paragraph from my magazine (Aerostatic) in order to show that balloons have already proved useful in warfare : " In the battle of Liege, at the beginning of the French Revolution, the success of the French was in a great measure owing to the discovery of the position and movements of the Austrians made by expert en gineers whom they sent up in a balloon. From this machine these 'engineers perceived whatever was transacted in the Austrian camp, and gave continual notice of it by notes thrown down among their own troops. By these means the number of troops in the Austrian camp, the quantity of their artillery, and their motions, were instantly made known to the French, who directed their attack; accordingly against the weakest point, and with great confidence, from their knowledge of the chance of success which this gave them. " It was not on this occasion alone that the French made use of balloons : they resorted to their aid at the battle of Fleurus, during the siege of Mentz, and afterwards at that of Ehenbrietzen. In all these cases the balloon was found to be of utility, but particularly in the last, where the great height of the fortress made it impossible, by any other means, to reconnoitre the internal parts. "When Robespierre filled France with widows and orphans, the Revolutionary Committee deputed Gar nerin, he aeronaut to the army of the north, then commanded by General Runsonnet. He appeared there in the capacity of Commissioner." Thirdly—l will briefly hint the way in which bal loons may be used as serviceable auxiliaries for our national defences, reserving, as expedient, the modus operandi for a tribunal before whom a full disclosure Would he compatible and prudent. Balloons, then, in w arfare may I believe be used in a twofold form— for ehservation and for destruction. The above ex tracts show that success has more than once attended the experiment as regards observation. I propose t terefore, that in the event of an inva s io n , or rather in' event of there being a well- ground e d apprehensio n of coast shall l eh a visitation, that our south easternbe provided with several aerial observatories, so th a t a shart, look out may be kept on the movements of J o h nny Crap_a ud both up and down and on the other side of the Channel. The , without the humanaidofa eye, from a sufficient altitude telescope, would command a vast circumference, but of course, with the assistance of glasses, every opera tion desirable to be known could easily detected. Any practical aeronaut will confirm the statement that it is possible to obtain a good view of the . French coast with a balloon from any at the Cinque ports. Sometimes of a clear day I have seen Sheerness, and the shipping in the Medway, ' Bonn after ascending from London; so I write from experi ence, having added twenty aerial voyages during the past year to m y f ormer b a ll oon trips.' As the electric telegraph pr th 4 is net yet extended, across the Straits, I opose an aerial telegraph shall supersede, or rather fore s t a ll • tt. It is impossible to determine, in the event of an invasion, the amount of service that might be rendered in this way, and when we venture to estimate that for three or four thousand pounds, that part of our coast which has the greatest proxi mity, and which offers the most assailable front to France, that for this sum, I say, England might fly her aerial representatives, I see no cause, or physical impediment, why the hint should not at least be worth the offering. lam of opinion, also, that bal loons would have proved invaluable during the late war in India, and so must they ever be, affording, as they do, an opportunity to reconnoitre, which cannot be secured by other means. Lastly—For purposes of destruction, I have no hesitation in declaring that by the instrumentality of balloons the most powerful engine for wholesale annihilation may be used against an enemy. I will not affect to connect with this assertion any very wonderful invention, much less would I have it supposed that my views bear any analogy to the long range evolution. My plan is simple, effective, terrific and certain, re quiring merely the judgment of a skilful aeronaut and the application of an explosive compound that cannot well be projected from anything besides a balloon, but, so discharged from a moderate altitude, would inevitably annoy, destroy, and scatter an enemy, or, if required, demolish a citadel. The mis siles which 1 could propose for use would not require that precision as to aim with which it is necessary to regulate the discharge of a cannon or a musket. whilst the effects would be such as to require no very lengthy prolongation of an engagement. Perhaps to say more on this head at present would be injudi cious ; therefore I shall conclude by advising that all persons who are interested in aeronautic science do exercise their spare time by devising schemes to carry out the plans proposed. And then, if our Gallic neighbours take French leave to visit our shores, they will find that aerostation, which owes its origin to French ingenuity, will become the instrument (like the gallows made by the carpenter, on which he was executed) of dealing out punishment with their own weapons. HENRY COX WELL. 10, Noel-street, Islington. COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS. The first Conversazione of the. College of Preceptors , took place on Tuesday evening at the Freemasons' Tavern, Great Queen-street. The conversaxione was attended by friends of the institution from all parts of the kingdom. The tables were covered with speci mens of some of the best elementary works for the use of scholars, and with apparatus illustrative of me chanics, and other branches of primary instruction. Amongst the gentlemen present were Mr. Turrell, President, Brighton ; Mr. Lane, Plymouth ; Mr. Wharton, Brighton; Rev. Dr. Wilson, Chelsea; Rev. Mr. Lonsdale, London ; Dr. Reid, London ; Mr. Green, Clapham ; Mr. Rebson, London ; Mr. Seg gins, Sudbury ; Mr. Coleman, Folkstone ; Dr. Hop kins, Birmingham ; Mr. Parker, Secretary, College of Preceptors ; Walker, Maidstone. Dr. REID favoured the association by reading a paper on the relation of practical science to the wants of society and the extent to which it should become an object of attention to those he addressed, and to all entrusted with the primary education of youth. He said it is impossible to examine the present posi tion of education without; observing the more just views which daily experience is unfolding as to its nature and capabilities and the relation in which it ought to be associated with the national institutions of all civilised communities. No fact is more pre-eminently expressive of the pro gress of this question in the present time than the institution of that association in whose name we have now assembled, and if the formation of public bodies for promoting literary and scientific pursuits be a praiseworthy object, sanctioned by universal practice wherever knowledge is appreciated, surely there is no body of men who are more likely to ad vance the cause in which they are engaged, by meet ing together for the :purpose of friendly intercourse, and by examining and discussing f from time to time, the numerous topics that bear upon the progress of education, than those who are members of the College of Preceptors. We hail this reunion as an object equally important to society and to the members of the profession ; the great body of teachers have been too long isolated from each other ; they have felt the want of that strength which union in a good cause can alone insure. Considering the present meeting as the commencement of that department of the col lege which may finally be to its members, their society for discussing every advantage which the pro gress of the times may bring to bear on the great business of education,lwe propose to devote the brief remarks which the present opportunity permits us to offer, to the notice of some facts connected with he relations of practical science to the wants of society and the extent to which this should become an object of attention with those intrusted with the primary education of youth. The progress of physical science, within the last century, has been so great, and has so largely extended the power of man over the material world that it may truly be said to constitute a new era in the history of mankind. It has multiplied the ; resources that may be brought to bear on his rela tions as a social, a moral, and a religious being, as well as those that minister to his natural wants. The prac tical application of the great principle of induction to the elaboration of physical truths has given the key which has explained the actual composition of the animal, vegetable, and mineral kingdom, and traced the reciprocal influence or the different elements in maintaining the order and harmony that subsists be y tween them. And when, amidst countless operations of art and science, we see such striking examples of its application as the development of the steam-engine, I the railway, the daguerreotype, the electrotype, the electric telegraph, recent discoveries in astronomy, or the power of rendering the living man unconscious of the severest surgical operations, we ought not to be surprised at still further discoveries, but rather look forward from day to day to the further evolution of those manifestations of the power of the Creator, throughout every portion of the material world, that may be expected to arise from the pursuit of science with those more extended means and appliances that are now available for this purpose. Great as its influence is, however, it does not ap pear that physical science has yet been recognised to an extent, or admitted to x position commensurate with the blessing which it appears to be capable of bestowing on mankind. The chairs devoted to phy sical science in our universities have, undoubtedly, done much to extend a knowledge of this subject throughout the length and breadth of the land, in addition to the purposes they have served in meeting the wants of professional education ; and many new institutions, as well as the efforts of individuals, have given an impulse to its onward course, while in another sphere new educational establishments for special professions and various kindred associations awaken an interest for such pursuits among 501 wider class of the population; :but theie' do . trotes:Ftigpt the great and essential wants of the people, however important and valuable in themselves; assimie, then, it is a fact capable of the most specific deMen stration, that in the present position of society -the comforts of all classes would be greatly increased; the average duration of human life prolonged, the produce of innumerable operations of art augmented;; the labour, the danger, the tail, and the exhaustion of life attending others diminished, and the time for education, resection, and social improvement very much increased, were the great body of teachers merely to introduce that knowledge of the more im portant elements of science, which they could offer in successive years to their pupils between 8 and 16 years of age. They would thus awaken their atten tion to the great phenomena of nature and of art. An hour a week devoted to the systematic expositions of the subjects brought before their notice, and a running commentary and examination on the state ments made in such manuals as might be adopted, would of itself prove invaluable, and would no doubt in time be amplified and illustrated by such diagrams and familiar experiments, as each might ultimately introduce in his own locality, and in reference to the probable future occupations of the mass of his pupils. Let no one say that this course is impracticable ; it has already been introduced in a sufficient number of schools to set this point at rest ; neither let any one under value the importance of such information. Every principle enunciated, every fact demonstrated, may be complete in itself, and carry along with it the seeds of future improvement and extension, whenever it is manifested in the works of nature, or applied in the operations of art. But it is not merely the acquaint ance with facts that is important : the acquisition of that spirit of. philosophical inquiry which has ever been adverted to as far beyond any limited agreements of philosophy, would be facilitated and enhanced. To many it would present the only opportunity that they may ever have of attaining any knowledge of science, before they are immersed in the cares, the business, and the anxieties of life. To others, it will enable them to enter upon professional studies of a higher range, and more adapted to the wants of the times. To all it will convey a lesson of the vast extent 'of human knowledge, at the very time it gives them a more convincing opinion than they can otherwise have of its imperfections, and of the humility with which it, should be acknowledged and appreciated. The PRESIDENT complimented Dr. Reid upon the admirable paper which he had drawn up, and said that it was not their intention to make speeches, or to display their oratorical powers, but if any ideas had struck any one, they should be happy to hear them, or any opinion that might assist in the elaboration of the subject they had in view. showna might r. LA Is; produce a m o , thatf certain byPlymouth,the amount study said of o ft physicalhe a f t e Dr.c powersßDei d i d they they h h e a d not think that they might receive into their schools any amount of agents ? He had paid much attention to the study of natural history, and he could do as I much by that as by classical instruction, or by ma thematics. He claimed for the principles which Dr. Reid had laid down the same benefit as resulted from classical or mathematical study. Dr. Wasois said that the great difficulty in im parting instruction was, that human beings would not think till it was forced upon them. The culti vation of the intellect, on moral and religions'grounds, was the true foundation to go upon. Till parents and guardians aided tutors in doing that they never would have an efficient system of instruction. To inculcate the great moral principles of life was the duty of all parents. In educating, they must look at primary principles; if they took partial views, arising from any particular development around them, they would be sure to go wrong. He called upon parents to inculcate upon their children the principles of self denial, self-instruction, and self-reliance. The great fault was, that parents would notdo that. The parent, generally speaking, would not allow the tutor to be his locum knots. That was a serious error. Very often remarks impressed upon the mind of the child became the 1 ,-Term of future greatness. The effects of the moral and religious training bestowed upon lads in the north in his early days was most beneficial. Upon their arrival in London they used to be imme diately received into merchants' offices, as it was known that they could be trusted. He was sorry to say that that was no longer the case. All educa tion was of no value unless based on moral and re ligious truth. Mr. WHARTON hoped that they should have many opportunities to meet and'compare opinions. He hoped that in future they would adhere together like bro thers—(Cheers) —feeling zealous to raise themselves to their proper position in society, and zealous to raise the standard of education to the highest pitch to which it could be brought. One of the chief duties of a teacher was to teach the boys how to learn. Mr. WALKER observed that it was not so much the study itself as the mode of study that produced results.—(Hear.) A general conversation ensued, in the course of which various facts and circumstances bearing upon the subject of the paper read, were stated and ob served upon. A vote of thanks was given to Dr. Reid and to the President, and the members separated, apparently high pleased with their social and, instructive inter course. THE AMERICAN CONGRESS. In the sitting of the House of Representatives at Washington on the 21st ult., Mr. Richardson, of Illinois, moved the following resolutions : " Resolved, That the existing war with Mexico was just and necessary on our part, and has been prosecuted with the sole purpose of vindicating our national rights and honour, and of securing an honourable peace. " Resolved, That the rejection of our repeated overtures of peace leaves this Government no alter native but the vigorous prosecution of the war, in such manner, consistent with the law of nations, as will make the enemy feel all its calamities and bur dens, and until Mexico shall agree to a just and honourable peace, providing satisfactory indemnity in money or territory, for past injuries, including the expenses of the war. " Resolved, That the amount of indemnity must necessarily depend upon the obstinacy of the enemy and the duration of the war." _ _ Mr. Stephens gave notice that he would offer a proposition as a substitute, in case the question before the House is voted down.—(Loud cries of " Read, read.") It was read, prefaced by a preamble, and asserted that the war with Mexico was not waged or prose cuted for the purpose of conquest, or for the subju gation or dismemberment of that empire; and that it is the desire of the United States that hostilities shall terminate, on terms honourable to both parties, and the establishment of a rightful boundary and proper indemnity to our citizens for claims against that country. The whole to be adjusted by negotiation, according to the constitutional forms of each Govern ment respectively. Mr. Botts—l have another—(Cries of "Read Bott's resolution—read, read.") The Speaker (after knocking to restore order)— , No gentleman can present resolutions at this time as a matter of right ; it is generally a matter of cow.- tesy.—(Renewed cries of " Read, read," and much anxiety visible.) The resolutions were twelve in number ; insisting, among other things, that the war was not brought on by the act of Mexico, but by the President's ordering the march of our army into the territory then in the possession of Mexico ; that we have no right to claim indemnity for the expenses of a war brought on by the pet of a public functionary ; that our troops be withdrawn to the borders of Texas, where they were at ti.e time of annexation ; that no territory of Mexico can he annexed to this country without in velvieg agitation and sectional difficulties ; that the assertion of the doctrine that might makes right, is the freebooter's plea and the tyrant's song ; and that, therefore, this Government cannot insist on the dis memlserment of that empire as the price of peace; that if, on the restoration of peace, necessity may occur for gaining legal possession of a harbour in California, we should pay for it; tied that, if it be determined by the people that this war shall be further prosecuted, then it becomes the duty of all parties to support our armies, and vote money to carry it on with energy. Air. Thompson, of Indiana, had a very short re solution, and it was read—That, in the opinion of Congress, the President of the United States should forthwith communicate to the Government of Mexico, that peace may be established on the following terms :-1. The boundary between the United States and Mexico should begin at the Gulf of Mexico, striking the Nueces, &c. ; that the Government of the United States will purchase to 36.30 to the Pa cific Ocean, to Monterey, &c., in California. [ln consequence of the noise in the hall we could not ascertain precisely what was meant.] And that, in consideration of this, we should pay to Mexico such sum of money as may be agreed on by Commis sioners ; that this Government shall ask no indemnity for the expenses of the war; that as soon as a treaty of peace shall be made our army shall be withdrawn from Mexico, &c. Mr. Toombs—Here is one I intend to offer.— (Cries of " Read, read.") It was read as follows :—" Resolved, That neither the national honour, nor the interests of this Govern ment, demand the dismemberment of Mexico or its annexation, as an indispensable condition to the restoration of peace."—(Members were standing in all parts of the hall.) Mr. Van Dyke also sent up to the clerk's * table a proposition, which was read, to the effect that the marching of our troops to the Rio Grande was an aggression on the part of the United States, and produced the conflict between the two countries ; that our armies should be withdrawn from Mexico, and afterwards commissioners sent there to treat for peace. Mr. Stephens--I give notice of my intention to debate the resolution offered by the gentleman from Illinois. (The original submitted by Mr. Rich ardson.) Mr. Botts—l move that the several propositions be printed, and made the order of the day. The resolutions of Mr. Richardson lie over. IRONMASTERS' QUARTERLY MEETINGS.—WOLYER , HAMPTON, WEDNESDAY.--The first of the usual quar terly meetings of the ironmastera of South Staffordshire and Shropshire for the present year was held at Walsall yesterday; and to-day a second took place at the Swan Hotel, in this town. The attendance was far from numerous, the great business being usually transacted at the Birmingham meeting, which will be held in that town to morrow. From the tone which pervaded the discussions to-day, it may be asserted that in all proba bility prices will range during the next quarter at a reduction of about 21. from the nominal prices fixed at the quarterly meetings held in October last. The exten sive turn-out of nhe colliers, and the consequent and increasing suspension of iron -works, may, however, have the effect of advancing the price of some, if not all, descriptions of iron. Stocks are said to be low, and there appears, even amongst the manufacturers of arti cles for domestic use, little disposition to give orders. COURTS-MARTIAL AT CHATHAM—Three private soldiers, tried at this garrison by general courts-martial, were brought out of the prison of the main guard and received their sentences in the presence of the troops. Private Robert Carter, of theil st Battalion Rifle Brigade, for desertion, was sentenced to imprisonment for twelve lunar months. Private Edward Carter, of the 89th Re giment, for having stolen, at Sheerness, from Ensign Atkinson, of the 89th, a purse containing two 5/. Bank of England notes, and a quantity of wearing apparel, be longing to that officer, was sentenced to two years' im prisonment. Private George Auld, of the 7th Dragoon Guards, for desertion, was sentenced to two years' im prisonment, with hard labour. The prisoners were removed under a military escort to the military prison, Fort Clarence, to undergo their sentences. MANSLAUGHTER.—Yesterday an inquest was held at Lea Bridge, on the body of William Ives, aged 37, labourer, whose death resulted from injuries inflicted by Joshua Kemp and Daniel Cradgington, in a violent and unprovoked assault upon the deceased on Christmas• Eve. It was found, on a post mortem examination, that four of the ribs of the unfortunate man were fractured, which had produced adhesion of the pleura, and caused death. At the suggestion of the Coroner the inquest was ad journed. HINT TO PURCHASERS Or HOUSES. The pur chaser, as remarked in Mr. Hosking's new " Guide," must necessarily pay more for a well-built and well_ drained, than for an ill-built and undrained house, but, buying the latter, he soon finds to his cost that he has bought too cheaply;—the walls bulge, the floors gape and creak; the lead on the flats and gutters, being with out drips, after puckering in summer, cracks in winter, and as the snow thaws the ceilings fall; whilst the cess• pool overflows or returns its filth to the house by the drains which led it thither;—ho suffers in health and in purse, and thus the public by its members suffers. — Budder. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF EXCHEQUER, Jan. L 2. MACHIN V. SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWA Y. This case was tried at Guildhall during the last sittings, before the Lord Chief Baron, and a verdict entered for plaintiff for the sum of 1261. 13s. 10d. Mr. MARTIN now moved for a rule nisi to set aside the verdict for plaintiff, and enter same for defendant upon the last issue. The plaintiff, it apps tired, for warded a bale of silk ;;,..,y the South-Wester' 'Railway from Andover to London. The bale duly arrived at the Nine Elms Station, and was then transferred to Messrs. Chaplin and Horne, the carriers,, to be by them conveyed to its destination, but was :alleged to be stolen by one Johnson, in the employ o f Messrs. Chaplin and Horne. The question now 'raised was whether the company were liable to mal :e good to the plaintiff the value of the bale, on tht . round that it was feloniously stolen by a servant of the company. The Learned Counsel contended that hv.; was a ser vant of Messrs. Chaplin and Horne, and ;not of the company. _ _ The COURT took time to consicion IN RE WILLIAM COBB/ITT. Mr. Cobbett appeared to show cause agaii rst the re turn to a writ of habeas corpus, granted o) a. a former day, calling upon Mr. Hudson, the keel air of the Queen's Prison, to say why he detained Mr Cobbett in custody. The ground of Mr. Cobbett applica tion was, that he was placed by the keep of the prison under an illegal restraint, having been. removed on the 24th December last from that portivs i of the prison properly appropriated to prisoners co:a fined for debt, to another part of the prison where fri udulent debtors, and others classed as No. 1, were c onfined. It was submitted that the removal to a pai!t of the prison where the prisoner was subjected to i'xiereased privation and restraint, without the authorit2r of any competent tribunal, amounted to an escape, and en titled the applicant to call upon the Court toe irder his discharge. Mr. UNTJIANK appeared for Mr. Hud son, the keeper of the Queen's Prison, who acted in this case under the orders of the Secretary of State for the Home Department, and alleged that he had :cm desire or design to treat Mr. Cobbett harshly. 'l7.lae facts were, that Mr. Cobbett was proceeded &gains t by his creditors under the:compulsory clauses of du: Insol vent Debtors' Act, 1 and 2 Vic.,- c. 110. :He was called upon to file his schedule in the Insolvent Court, and having declined doing so, after :an order made to that effect, under the regulations enade by the Secretary of State for the government , of the prison, he was liable to be treated as a tie udulent debtor, and placed amongst that class of prisoners. The keeper of the prison had no discretion, and was bound to obey the orders of the Secretary of State, and justified on this ground. The Court was occupied for a considerable portion of the day with the arguments in this matter, and after some deliberation amongst themselves, the Barons declared their opinions seriatim. The' Barons were unanimously of opinion that it was no t shown there had been an escape, and that Mr. Col )bett must be remanded to the custody of the keeper cif the Queen's Prison. Whether he was kept in ones part of the prison or another was immaterial : he• was still in the proper custody. The Lord Chief Baron, how ever, doubted whether the Court had any authority to interfere with the internal regulations o f the prison, as settled by the Secretary of State, and Mr. Baron Platt expressed a very decided opinion that the appli cant ought not to be consigned to that part of the prison appropriated to the class of fraudu lent debtors, as no fraud was established against him. The Court declined at present pronouncing any opini on as to the expediency or propriety of the regulation s made by the Secretary of State for the government of the prison. Mr. Cobbett was ordered to be remanded. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. William Death, warehouseman to Mr. Ormiston, of 26, St. Martin's-lane, commission agent, was brought up in the custody of Daniel Forrester, upon the charge of having embezzled money to a consider able amount, the property of his employer. The prosecutor, who deals in articles of brass, stated that it was the duty of the prisoner to sell the articles and receive the money and pay it over to him. At the end of December, 1847, a considerable defi ciency was discovered in the' stock, and the prisoner could not give a satisfactory explanation of that defi ciency, and was placed in the custody of the officer. , The prisoner said he had no objection to be re.- mended for a week, if such was the - wish of the prosecutor. Mr. Ormiston said he believed that he should by next Wednesday be prepared with evidence of the extent of the plunder. The prisoner was remanded accordingly. John .lacois was charged with having robbed Mr. Moses Jude, of Houndsditch, clothier. David Hart, foreman to the prosecutor, stated that the prisoner, on the 27th of December, was at the warehouse, and that after a goon deal of hesitation on the subject of credit, the prosecutor agreed to allow the prisoner to take some goods upon the understand ing that they were to be paid for or returned on the Monday. The prisoner went away upon receiving the articles, but subsequently returned, and said he had just seen " Mo " (meaning the prosecutor), and made an arrangement that he was to have two coats, two pairs of trousers, and three waistcoats more. These clothes were accordingly delivered to him in the belief that the application was sanctioned by Mr. Jude, who, it afterwards appeared, had not given his consent to such increased credit at all. Mr. Buchanan, solicitor, who conducted the pro secution, asked the witness whether, if the prisoner had not made the representation that Mr. Juda con sented, the clothes would have been given to him ? The witness replied decidedly in the negative. The prosecutor said he was in the habit of letting the prisoner have goods upon terms called " sale or return," and had supplied him with some on the 7th of December, but the clothes which the foreman had delivered to him were received from the stock without the necessary authority. The prisoner was remanded. Mr. Wallis, a person of very respectable appearance and address, was charged with having endeavoured to extort the sum of2d. from Mr. Trollops, tea-dealer and grocer, of Eastcheap. The case was rather a curious one, for there was no doubt of the respectability of either party. Mr. Trollope said—The prisoner entered my shop to buy two pennyworth of liquorice, and I said to my little boy, who was behind the counter—" Tom, give the gentleman a piece ofliquorice." Tom went to wrap the liquorice in a piece of paper, but the defendant took off the paper, and giving it to Tom, told him to be carefail of it, put down a fourpenny-piece, and took the change from me-2d. He then left the shop contented. Tom returned to the business he had been at, and so did I, when in walked the pri soner again, and coming over to me, said, he had received the wrong change, as he had put down six pence. I at once opened the drawer in which I had deposited the fourpenny-piece, emptied it, and showed it to him, and it happened that there was no sixpence at all amongst the silver in it. He, however, per sisted in his statement, and I referred to Tom as to the money the man had given me. " Oh," said the prisoner to him, " you dog, you will swear to any thing your master will say. I then - sent for a policeman ; but in the policeman's presence he per sisted in his statement, and charged me with having put the money out of sight, and I was determined to bring him before your Lordship to know whether he or I was the guilty person. The policeman who took Mr. Wallis into custody said, he had searched the defendant, and found upon ' him ls. 3d., and had discharged him upon his own bail. Mr. Wallis said, the statement of Mr. Trollope was remarkable for the number of falsehoods it con tained in a small compass, and most willingly re ferred to the policeman, who was an unprejudiced witness, to arbitrate between them as to the correct ness of their statements. He says he emptied the all. He did nothing of the kind; and it must be very singular, indeed, if a man who does so much business as he does, had not sixpence in the till. I certainly gave him sixpence, but what he did with it I do not know. He also commits himself to a falsehood when he says I went away. I did not quit the shop but after I had received the change, remembering that I had given sixpence, I turned round and mentioned the fact. The complainant then took it into his head to threaten and use strong language, putting himself into an almost fightiag attitude. I appeal to the officer as to the conduct of both, and I must repeat again that the truth is not in him. The LORD MAYOR—This may be a mistake. There are, at any rate, two to one in favour of Mr. Trol , lope's version ; and it opears that Mr. Wallis was going away under the impression that he had got his right change. I dismiss the charge, but I am of opinion that the complainant is right. Mr. Trollope—Very well, my Lord, I am satisfied. I assure your Lordship that there are a great many experiments of this kind made every day upon us, and it is necessary to protect us. Mr. Wallis—At all events you had the sixpence, and I shall summon you for the twopence.— (A laugh.) The complainant and defendant then departed. GUILDHALL. Elizabeth White was brought before Sir John Pirie, charged with assaulting Mr. Alderman Sidney, M.P., merely because a prison is more comfortable than a workhouse as now managed. Mr. Alderman Sidney stated, that as he was going up Ludgate-hill on the previous afternoon he felt a slight blow on the hat, and on turning about he found the prisoner was his assailant, and she gave him a slap on the cheek. He asked her how he had given her offence ? She sad she was in great distress ; slit was discharged from prison on Monday and had no place to go to, and she thought she had better com mit an assault on a magistrate than damage a shop keeper's window. He told her she must have tig parish, which was bound to support her if she was destitute, and he asked what parish she belonged to ? She said she belonged to Exeten He offered to pay her fare down to Exeter. She said she would newel,- go back to the workhouse there; they did not treat poor people so kindly as in prison, and she would live in the prisons till she obtained some situation. She had not assaulted him with the intention to injure him, and theretbre he did not wish to press hardly upon her; and with that observation he would leave her in the hands of the sitting magistrate. Sir J. PIRIE asked the prisoner what she had. to say to this charge ?—She replied, she had nothing to say ; the Alderman bad stated the case fairly. Sir J. PIRIE remanded her till Saturday to con sider how he would dispose of the matter. B 0 W- STREET. _ _ _ Emma Hall, as — erVant, was charged with having attempted to commit suicide by drowning herself in the reservoir of the Green Park. Constable 89 C -- ;ta;d that he saw the young woman jump into the reservoir opposite Piccadilly about nine o clock in the morning. lie procured a pole, and succeeded, aft e r s h e b a d disappeared twice from the surface of the water, in dragging her to the bank and then taking her out of the water. - de conveyed her, in a very exhausted state, to the work house in Mount-street, where the usual restorati:ves were effectually applied. It appeared that the defendant, who had got into bad company, having taken a situation in a house in Curzon-street which turned out to be a bro thel, formed the resolution to destroy herself when ever she could get out upon an errand. The mother of the young woman was sent for. She appeared greatly distressed by the occurrence, and implored the magistrate to procure her, if possible, the shelter of some charitable asylum, as she was herself, being 87 years of age, wholly unable to ren der her any assistance. It transpired, out of the court, that the old woman was, formerly, for twenty-five years, the laundress at the Chambers of Mr. Twyford, the late magistrate at this court, then a student and resident in the Middle Temple. By the recommendation of Mr. HENRY the de fendant was received into an asylum for servants. MARLBOROUGH:STREET. The number of destitute persons who have received temporary relief from the funds of the poor-box between January and December last year is 800, and the amount of money divided among these persons, in sums varying from ls. to 11. or 21. is upwards of 2001. More than half the persons receiving relief were Irish, and money has either been given to them to help them on to their own country, or, if of good character and resident here, to give them the means of getting their own living at some industrious occupa tion. Another class whoihave experienced the season able relief afforded at this Court are female servants, who, when their money has been spent and their clothes pawned, and thus reduced to a state which prevented them from taking another situation, have had their clothes redeemed, or some trifle advanced to enable them to engage in a new service with decent clothing. The aged poor, as a matter of course, have been liberal participators in the charitable donations from this Court. MARYLEBONE. Mr. Broughton has received 101. from the Mercers' Company for the poor-box of the court; the Magis trate requested that our reporter would acknowledge the donation. W OR S HIP-STREET. John Larney and James Lepine, one aged but ten years, and the other scarcely a twelvemonth older, and bothr diminutive for their respective ages, were charged with committing a series of robberies at the shops of various tradesmen in the neighbourhood of Hackney. Police constables Clarke and Francis, of the N division, were passing through the Cambridge-heath road at five o'clock on the preceding evening, when they met the two prisoners, who were evidently trying to avoid observation, and noticing that Larney, the youngest, had something bulky secreted beneath his jacket, they stopped and searched him, and dis covered a lady's shawl, of a valuable description and nearly new, rolled up in a bundle, while concealed in his trousers were a new pair of women's shoes and a pair of French clogs. Larney accounted for his possession of the articles by stating that 'they had been given to him by his cornponion to carry for him, and :the other said that .he picked them up in the street, but from subsequent inquiries they had ascer tained that each of the articles formed the produce of a separate robbery. 21r. James Abbott, a dyer, in Mare- street, Hack rey, identified the shawl, which he said was worth at least two guineas, and stated that he had seen it safe behind the counter less than two hours before the prisoner's apprehension, and the theft had been com mitted so cleverly he had no notion he had been robbed until, to his surprise, the officers brought the shawl back for his identification. Mr. Richard Cole, a haberdasher in Sussex-place, in the same neighbourhood, recognised the shoes produced as his property • they must have been stolen about the same time as the shawl from Mr. Abbott's, but, as in that person's case, he was not aware of his loss until asked if the shoes were his. It was intimated by the constables that if a remand were. granted they should be able to establish one or 'more other charges against the prisoners, one of whom had been before in custody, and the other was known to have been for a long time past a most inde fatigable young thief,:and generally etfected;his robbe ries without suspicion by watching the shopkeeper out of his shop, then darting in with a box of Lucifer matches, which he presented for sale with a distressed tale and face if detected, and if not, disappeared with whatever he could lay his hands on. Alderman, the gaoler, proved that :Gamey, young as he was, had been twice previously convicted of felonies, and each time sentenced to a lengthened term of imprisonment, both of them having occurred since the month of March last. The prisoners now mutually recriminated upon each other, each declaring that his confederate had stolen the goods and handed them to him, while the other as stoutly denied it, and Mr. HAMMILL at length ordered them both to be committed qupon the two cases at pre ient gone into, and directed them to be brought up again for the pro duction of the others deposed to by the officers. A morose-looking fellow named Joseph Jebb, a marine-store dealer in Spitalfields, was next charged with the following brutal conduct to his wife : The wife, whose clothes were much stained with blood, and who exhibited a fearful triangular ctit across one of her eyes, sufficiently deep to admit the end of a finger, said that her husband had been for a long time past in the habit of beating her cruelly with a rope as thick as her wrist, and having on the night before refused to allow her to go to bed, and compelled her to sleep on the floor, on the following morning suddenly seized her, without the slightest provocation, by the neck, beat her about fthe head with his fists until she was stunned, and finally struck her a blow in the face, which produced the cut then visible, and which she felt satisfied must have been inflicted with some instrument. Her husband was then proceeding to beat her with the rope before mentioned, but was deterred by a neighbour whom her cries of " murder " had alarmed, and she availed herself of that opportunity to escape into the street, and place herself under the protection of the police. • The prisoner generally denied all that had been stated against him, but the magistrate gave no cre dence to his assertions, and sentenced him to pay the full penalty of 51., or two months' imprisonment, and in addition to put in bail for his good behaviour for the next three months. He could not do either, and was carried off in the van. THAMES. A tall and powerful man, named Paul _Darlington, was brought before Mr. Yardley, charged with steal ing a card of gold rings from the shop window of Mr. R. Carpenter, pawnbroker and jeweller, in Charles street, St. George's-in-the-East. Yesterday morning Mr. Carpenter was in his shop, and saw the prisoner in the street p ass ing his window, and as he did so he pushed his elbow through a large pane of plate glass, which he smashed and drew some thing through it. The prosecutor immediately went out, and called " Stop thief." The prisoner was running as hard as he could, and Mr. Carpenter pursued him, and although he did not see him stopped, he came up with him directly he was stopped, and found him in charge of a police constable in the Commercial -road, Mr. Carpenter took hold of him and saw a card with some gold rings attached to i t in his coat pocket. Mr. Ca rpenter took ,it out of the pocket, and the prgoner struggled hard and said, "Let me go," at the same time dropping some gold rings on the road. They were picked up and handed to the police constable. On the prisoner's arrival at the station house he was searched and 10 more rings were found loose in his pocket. On Mr. Carpenters return to his shop he missed a card from the window which had con tained 27 gold rings, worth 61. George Simpson, who heard the window break, and saw the prisoner running with the card in his hand, and Bagley, a police constable, 140 K, who caught the prisoner as he was running, and took from him a card on which were 13 gold rings and found 10 more in his pocket, were next examined. The prisoner, who offered no defence, was com mitted for trial. LAMBETH. Two gentlemen, whose names did not transpire, applied to Mr. Norton for his advice and assistance urder the following circumstances : For sotue time' past a nuisance of the pest in tolerable and dangerous description has existed in Thomas-street, Lock's-fields, through the accumula tion and mixing up of night soil, dung, and tan, and allowing this matter to remain i - .here in large open pits for a length of time. The ni tisance thus creates is in the midst of a densely poi iulated neighbour hood of the snore humble and ind igent classes; and the consequence is that fever and disease are raging to a most frightful extent in the it nmediate vicinity, and the removal of the nuisance 'was not only ne cessary but absolutely urgent. lln application had been made to- the board of guardittns of the parish of St. Mary's, Newington, who weret the only parties .under, tl - ,le,,,t.kct of Parliament that co uld do so, to take the necesary means to put down the s iuisance, but the answer received was, that they (the guardians) did not feel justified in going to the expense o. f medical certifi cates, which were necessary as a j - reparatory pro ceeding, and which expense could in vt be recovered from the offenders. That the m sdical certificate should not be an object or an obstacle they (the ap plicants) nob only offered to pay the e: tpense, but sent to the clerk of the board the certificat es of two pro perly qualified surgeons, and hoped t hat this would have the effect of moving them in ft 3 matter. In this, however, they were disappointed, for, on next applying, they were handed a resolution 1, passed at a meeting of the board of guardians, and of which the tbllowing is a copy : " That, taking into consideration the difficulty attending the carrying cut of the Act of 9th and 10th Victoria, chap. 96, for the more speedy removal of nuisances, andithe fact that its operatic n ce;ases at the expiration of the present session of E 'than - lent, this meeting is of opinion that the board would not be justified in taking proceedings in the mi stf.er." So that thus they (the applicants) were left without the means of getting speedily rid of t oo nuisance ; and therefore it was that they had d a termined on waiting on, and taking the advice of, th:d 3 magistrate of the district. Mr. NORTON, on referring to the A c t commonly called the Nuisance Act, observed that the board of guardians of the parish of Newington ANA ere certainly the parties to put the law into motion - iii the matter, and he could not account for their refus a l to do so in a case like the present, where disease Iv: as engendered and human life endangered by the miss ame, and more particularly when the expenses atter idant on their proceedings were offered to be defrayed. by the appli cants. He (Mr. Norton) had no doubt whateretr that by mandamus they could he con , spelled to act .; but, as he was always an advocate for znild and con!- ciliatory measures, he would send an officer belonging to the court, with the applicants, to thie clerk of the guardians, to state to the gentlemen that it was his (Mr. Norton's) opinion that the case ws s one in which the board of guardians should interfere to put down the nuisance. The applicants (one of whom said he was the owner of some houses in the vicinity , of the nuisance, and that at that moment fever was r aging amongst the tenants) expressed their thanks to the magis, trate for his kindness and attention., and left the court in company with Redford, on e of the sum moning officers. RAILWAY SHARE MikaliET. LIVERPOOL, JAN. 12. STOCK ElamAstoz.—The sales are—Amt wrgate and. East ern Junction, VA dis.—Birkenhead, Lane aehire, and Che shire Junction, 31/. Shares, 5% die. ex int.—Ditto (late C. and B.), 16 ex int.—Ditto, 221. Shares, 7 dis. ex int.— Eastern Counties, 16—East Lancashire, Yew, 31 dis. ex int.—Glasgow and Dumfries, 7% ex int.— Great orthern, 6/. is. 3d. dis. ex int.—Lancashire and Ya Atshire, Fifths, p.—Ditto, 32/. Shares, 4F 9 dis.—Liverpo, sl, Crosby, and Southpsrt, 1 dis.—London and North-Wes tern, Quarters, New, 6% p.—Ditto, Quarters (A and B), 4 1 4 p.—Manchee ter, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, Quarters, 1 co. 1, par ex int.—Ditto, Preference, % p.—Midland, 1: 13—Ditto, 401. Shares, 444—Ditto, Halves, 14 c. dis. ex int . North Staf fordshire, par—North Union (A), 207—Nor tl a-Western, 4% dis.—Preston and Wyre, Halves (A), 3% D.—Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Cheshire, Preference, 2% p.. .-South-Eastern and Dover, 31u—Ditto, No. 4,1% dis. ex i at.—York, New castle, and Berwick (N. and B. Extensions), „No. 2,2% p.— Ditto (G. N. E. Purchase), 1% p. ex int..--Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Cheshire, 4% dis. ex mt. MANCHESTER, JAW. 12. STOCK EXCIIANGE.—The sales are—Birke rk\ead, Lanca shire, and Cheshire Junction, 5 13-16 ex int.— -B olton, Black burn, Clitheroe, and West orkshire (A), 6 , 4 ex int.—East Lancashire, New Quarters, 13.16 dis.—Leads and Thirsk, Preferential,ll 3 / dis.—London and North-Western (Manches ter and Birmingham), Quarters (B), —Mas chedter, Shef field, and Lincolnshire (Sheffield and Lincohlsk ire), 4% c. din. —North Staffordshire, % dis.—South-Eas.ter n and Dover, - No. 3, I% dis. ex. int.—South Yorkshire, 'oncaster, &c., dis. LEEDS, JAN. 12. STOCK ExcHANGR.—The sales are—Amberg, zte, Notting ham,and Boston, 2 1 4 dis.—Bast Lancashire, 21% Ditto, New, 3% dis.—Lameashire and Yorkshire (Q 'rest Riding Union), 57s.dis.—Levds and Thirsk, 1614 di5.4,.-North Bri tish, Thirds, Is. die. —North Staffordshire, spar—North- Western, 4 1 / 2 dis.—York, Newcastle, and liar vt?Uk, No. 2 (New Berwicks), s3s. 9d. p. IiIII.SIINWLA./11, J x. 12. STOCK EXCILINGE.—Business Was somewhat brisker to day, and in some descriptions of stock there 1 vas a slight advance. The sales were—London and Blac wall, 4Y 8 — Midland (Bristol and Birmingham), 121, 2 - Ambergate, Nottingham, and Boston, 2' dis.—Birmingh; Wolver hampton, and Stour Valley, 21s. 3d. dis.—Nor aI . Stafford shire, if, p.—Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A) c. dis. ex int.—Ditto (B), dis. ex int.—Shropshire 11, ion, 2% dis. ex int. HULL, JAN. 12. STOCK EXCHANGE —The sales are—North Britisl Quar ters, 3s. dis.—Ditto, Thirds, 2s. 6d. p.—North Staficksothire, 3i. p.—North-Western, 4 1 / 2 dis.—York, Newca.. 4 l , - 6o Ar wick, Extensions, No. I, 4 p. _ _ 13HIST6L, JAN. 12. SrocK EXCHA'NGE. —The sales are—Great Westaart luar ters, 2 1 4 p.—Ditto, New 171. Shares, 1% p.— Exeter, Yeuitc - il, and Dorchester, 1% dis.: 7 London and North-Western, 152 Q. YORK, JAN. 11. STOCK EXCHANGE.—TIIO S ' ales are— Great Northern, 41. C;s C. 6d. ex int.—Lancashire and Yorkshire (West Riding Union.), 24s.—North British, Thirds, .38s. Gd. —York, Newcastle, an d Berwick (original), 314 l —Ditty, Ne. 2 (New Berwick), 12 VICARAGE Of CAMBERWELL.--The advowson o the vicarage of Camberwell, and the right of presentee tion, subject to the life of the present incumbent, wb.o is forty-four years of age, were offered for sale by auc tion yesterday at Garraway's. The particulars stated the gross income of the vicarage to be 2,2441, 15s. 11d., from the tithe rent charge, ground rents, surplice fees, and Easter offerings, from which the outgoings were 140/ 11s. There was a full attendance, and a good deal of discussion' took place upon the terms of the sale and other points. The first offer was 10,0001., the highest 12,6001. The reserve was 12,7001., and that amount not being bid the sale was not effected. NOTTINGHAM HOUSES NEVER BURNT.—At Not tingham, where gypsum abounds, the floors of all houses were, till of late years, universally formed by an almost exactly similar process to that employed at Paris—stout reeds, however, being strewed over the joists as a basis, instead of split battens. The practice at Nottingham adds small coal and cinders to the plaster of Paris (gypsum) in making the mortar, and the surface is at once trowelled over to finish. In this manner is pro duced an almost indestructible floor, capable of any surface, and so secure a protection against fire, through its imperviousness to air, that, notwithstanding the un coiled and exposed joists below, houses in Nottingham. are said never to be burnt, whilst the floors are said to be free alike from damp and from vermin.—Builder. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—A Gentleman Sixty Years of Age Cured of a Dreadful Bad Leg by Holloway's Oint ment and Pills.—Mr. Nicholas Page, residing at New sham, had been suffering for three years with wounds on his leg of a most awful nature, to cure which he tried a great variety of specifics, and consulted nearly every surgeon within twenty miles of his house, yet all failed to give relief ; as a last resource he used Holloway's famous Ointment and Pills, which healed his leg in a few weeks. In gratitude for the wonderful cure effectod at his advanced age, he thus gives every publicity to the circumstance, that others may derive similar b ene fit.— Sold by all druggists, and at Professor Holloway's esta blishment, 244, Strand, London. TRH PORT OF RAVRE.—New conferences have. been opened between the military officers of engineers and the head ennineer of the port of Havre, to operate an almost complete change on the works that are to be undertaken for the defence of the town. The plan is now far more extensive than that of 1846. In fact, the first ostimate of expenses was only sixteen millions, whereas at present the sum calculated on is not less than 64,195,7001. BIRTHS. On the sth inst., at Southampton, the lady of Captain Lacy, Staff Officer of Pensioners, of a daughter. On the sth inst., at Great Staughton Vicarage, the lady of tha Rev. Archibald E. Julius, of a daughter. On the 7th inst., at the Parsonage, Princes Risborough, the lady of the Rev. Charles Edward Gray, of a daughter. . On the Bth inst ' at Mount Grove House, Hampstead, M rs . Jackson, of a daughter. On the 9th inst., at Dane. end, Herts, the lady of H. E. Surtees, Esq., of a daughter. On the 9th inst., at Gravesend, Hrs. Philemon Rolfe, of a daughter. On the 9th inst., at Helloway-court, near Rochester, the wife of Captain W. H. Roberts, R.E., of a son. On the 11 th inst., the wife of John F. Crookes, Esq., Argyle-street, of a son. On the 11th inst., at Hampstead, the wife of D. S. 13ockett, Esq , of a daughter. On the 11th inst., the lady of John Hutchinson, Esq., Milton -street, Dorset-square, of a son. On the 11th inst., in Finsbury-circus, Mrs. Mourice, J. Porno, of a daughter. MAR,RIED. On the 4th inst., at St. Pancras Church, James, son of Captain Gordon, R.N., to Julia, fourth daughter of the late John Harrison, Esq., of Welbeck-street, Cavendish-square. DIED. On the 10th inst., Mr. Bachhoffner, of King-street, Hol born, aged 76. On the 27th ult., in Langford-place, St. John's-wood, Harriet Hearsey, the wife of Lieutenant-Colonel J. B. Hear sey, of the 10th Bengal Cavalry. On the 6th inst., at Cove of Cork, Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Usslier, Knight, C. 8., K.C. H., Comumander•-in-Chief on the frisk station, aged 69. __ , On the 7th inst., in Hanover-place, Old Kent-road, Mrs. Ann Rebecca Steward, aged 83. On the 9th inst., at Hyde-park-place, the key. William Price Lewis, aged 66. On the 9th inst., Mrs. Pemberton, of Hay, South Wales. On the 10th inst., Mr: William Till, of Cambridge-heath road, Mile-end, aged 61. On the 10th inst., William, the infant son of W. G. Wiles, Esq., of Hans-place. London: Printed and Published by NIURDO YOUNG, nt No. Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of tie Savoy, is, ths waif of bliddleeez, Thursday, Jaiturty 13 F 11141. r