The Sun. — London, England, 1835-09-15 00:00:00

gI'IRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The first Report of the Commissioners for inquiring into the Condition of the Poorer Classes in Ireland, with an Appendix, containing a large body of evidence, has just been distributed. The evidence, however, solely relates to the first branch of the inquiry, namely, " as to the modes in which the destitute classes in Ireland are supported, to the extent and efficiency of those modes, and their effects upon those who give and upon those who receive relief." The Commissioners have furnished evidence respecting the mode of relieving de serted and orphan children, illegitimate children and their mothers, widows having families of young chil dren, the impotent through age or other permanent in firmity, the sick poor who in health are capable of earning their subsistence, the able-bodied out of work, and vagrancy as a mode of relief. The examinations relative to these subjects were made in one parish in every barony in each of seventeen counties—four in Connaught, namely,G alwav, Mayo, Roscommon, Sligo; five in Leinster, viz., Carlow, Kildare, Longford, Westmeath, Wexford ; five in Munster, viz., Clare, Cork, Kerry, Limerick, and Tipperary ; and three in Ulster, viz., Antrim, Donegal, and Londonderry. Appendix B, containing the examinations relative to Hospitals, &c., and C. the examinations relative to Institutions not Medical, for relief, such as Mendicity Institutions, have not yet appeared. The second branch of the inquiry entrusted to the Commissioners— " Whether any and what further remedial measures appear to be requisite to ameliorate the condition of the Irish poor, or any portion of them," is that to which most interest is attached by the public. The Commissioners assign the reasons why they have not yet, been able to obey his Majesty's commands to re port on this subject. When it is stated that " the poorer classes in Ireland may be considered as compre hending nearly the whole population," our readers will easily credit the Commissioners, when they state, that the inquiry is attended with peculiar difficulty. " The great proportion of the population (say the Commis sioners) about and amongst whom the inquiry was to be made, ip constantly fluctuating between mendi cancy and independent labour. In whole districts scarcely one of that class of substantial capitalist farmers, so universal in England, can be found. The small resident gentry are but few, and the substantial tradesman is not to be met with at intervals of two or three miles, as in England ; for there are but few towns of sufficient trade to create such - a class." Not having vet completed the second branch of the inquiry, namely, that which relates to the causes of destitution, a Report on this subject could not, of course, be made. But the Commissioners interpret their commission largely and liberally, and intend to enter deeply into the causes of the universal beggary of the Irish. "We should be little worthy (they say) of the high trust re posed in us, did we content ourselves with deciding upon the extent and nature of the distress, or upon the means of only present alleviation. We consider it fell to our duty to endeavour, if possible, to investigate the causes of the destitution which we discover, and to ascertain why classes of your Majesty's subjects- are from time to time falling into a state of wretchedness," &c. The evidence collected by the Commissioners under the. head Vagrnncy, in Appendix A, is curious. It would really almost seem as if the whole population were in a state of movement at one time or other. After a labouring man has attained an age which unfits him for work, he becomes a vagrant, as a matter of course. The evil is not felt so much in Ireland as might be sup posed, for there is little which can be stolen, and the beggar and the person who relieves him, and the pig with whom they associate, seem to be all pretty much on a par in point of habits. The fact which is best established, is the number of the vagrants. The most conflicting accounts are given as to their character, habits, &c. This was to have been expected. In the more ci vilized parts of the country, as' the . low lands of the counties of Londonderry and Antrim, where there is something. like an approximation to the state of things in this island, vagrancy is looked upon with rather an evil eye. But in the parts of the country w h ere a ll areltv turns colliers and beggars, there is a natural sympathy with the latter. In the parishes of Dungivan and Banaglier, county of Londonderry, a poor mountainous district, in which it is said the small farmers all labour occasionally for others, the Rev. Mr. Ross, the Protestant rector, says, " Morality and kind ness arc prevalent among all. There are no beggar lodging-houses here. The beggar remains in the even ing with the family of the man who has given him lodging, and tells them whatever news he has picked up. It is wonderful to see how freely they are admitted into the houses, where you often see groups of beggars sitting round • the fire." The beggar does not, under such circumstances, con sider his case hard ; he sees few persons better off. Doherty, a beggar, one of the parties in a conference in this parish, honestly said, " I would not love to emigrate to America, I like to doddle about my own country." s Doherty, seems to have given very candid evidence as to his gains, " I might get a good lot, if able to travel ; from three to four stone of pota toes when they are plenty. I have known myself get six pounds of meal in the day ; if potatoes were ls. 6d. a bushel, as they are often in June, I would only get may be half a stone ; if meal was 2s. 6d., I might get three handfuls, not quite a pound ; and if I had a wife and two or three children, I would be always pinched enough." A man having given his lands to his chil dren, takes to begging. Between the tenant and the beggar there is no interval. Vagrancy being without terrors, there is no motive for prudence. " Liberal, not lavish, is kind nature." The great difficulty, in the case of a people like the Irish, is to get them to move one step. When that one step has been taken, others will be taken. We are anxious to see how the Commissioners propose. to deal with a population sa tisfied with the very lowest state of animal existence— a state in which the farmers and the beggars 'deem themselves on an equality.—Morning Chionicle. The " continuation " of the Frankfort article ill vindication of the policy of Russia in the East will be found in another column. It is divided into three parts, by which the writer endeavours to show, Ist, that the object of the separate or secret article of the treaty of Hoonkiar Iskelessy is the independence and welfare of Turkey ; 2d, that the said secret article is prejudicial to no foreign Power, inasmuch as it does not comprise any agreement for the exclusion from the Black Sea of the mercantile flab of any nation in amity with Turkey and Russia ; and, 3d, that the navigation of the Black Sea for ships of war of any foreign Power would be quite unprofitable and inex pedient, inasmuch as neither pirates nor slave traders infest that sea, and that its shores are not so unex plored and unpopulated as to call for voyages of dis covery or efforts to colonise them. In what man ner the execution of the secret article of the treaty above named is to secure the independence of Tur key we are unable to understand. If it be meant that Turkey, " protected " by Russia, that is, acting exactly according to the bidding of that Power, has acquired the faculty of abstaining from the contact of such officious advisers as might not view the con flexion established by the treaty in question exactly in the way that Russia would desire, then indeed we are not at a loss about the meaning of the sort of inde pendence which Turkey has secured. It is, in fact, that species of independence which all the world seeing with eyes not Russian has attributed to Turkey as her profit in the alliance with Russia—an independence which is to be asserted against all the world, save only her intimate ally and "protector," who will be at liberty to protect and defend Constantinople in the same way his grandmother did the Crimea—by keep ing it suite safe in his own hands. The Frank fort writer, however, is not in want of good reasons for_ not choosing to explain how the Porte could be so threatened by foreign aggression as to stand in need of a powerful ally. We will ask him, in our turn, by what enemy in the world, on this side of the Dardanelles, is the Porte ever in danger of being threatened ? He would assuredly be at a loss to fix on any other than Mehemet Alli. Now, were the Dardanelles ever threatened by Mehemet Alli ? Even if they had been, are they not sufficiently strong to keep off any fleet such as Mehemet Alli's ? And supposing that the secret article in the treaty of Hoonkier Iskelessy were directed against Mehemet what had the Dardanelles to do with an enemy like him, who came overland with an army, and left THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1835. tinned misrepresentation of its real merits, by two o our contemporaries—the Herald and the Times. WeJ mention the former journal first, because it takes the lead of its coadjutor in brazened assertion, and total absence of argument. After a lamentation over the fallen glory of Sir Robert Peel—the righteous dis missal of the Speaker—and other matters which oc curred in the beginning of the late Session of Parlia ment, it proceeds to give the following list of mea sures proposed by Sir R. Peel —or, rather, which he stated that he would propose—and to contrast their amount with the only one measure which the Mel bourne Cabinet was enabled to bring to a conclusion. LORD MELBOURNE'S PERFORM ANCES IN 1835. Great Britain for aid against her rebellious and tri umphant vassal, then .threatening. the safety of Con stantinople, and Russia would have. regarded without jealousy or distrust the succour rendered to Turkey in this emergency by Great Britain. The Czar had taken an accurate measure of Lord Palmer ston. There was no occasion for jealousy or mis trust. His Lordship was busy just at that mo ment in capturing the merchant vessels of Holland. The disposable navy of Great Britain was tossing about in the North Sea. And the affairs of Turkey could not wait his Lordship's greater leisure. So the task of repelling ' Ibrahim Pacha devolved upon Russia. Of this intervention, invited or occasioned by the apathy, the weakness, or the folly of the British Government, the treaty of Unkiar Iskelessi was the natural and immediate result. Turkey had, according to the confession of the French and English Ambassadors, received from Russia permis sion to exist a little longer at the date of the treaty of Adrianople. The same privilege was now again con ferred by the same hand. Such favours from Govern ment to Government are seldom rendered gratuitously. Russia did only what any other Power in similar circumstances woad have done, in claiming her re ward. She. obtained it. It was the treaty of Un kiar Iskelessi. The advocate of the Russian Govern ment is wrong in attempting to persuade Europe that this treaty is unimportant as it affects the • posi tion of her Western States in relation to the affairs and transactions of the East. He might have taken loftier ground, and have successfully maintained it, but that which he has assumed is manifestly untenable. Russia, by this treaty acquires what she had not be fore—a recognised interest in the interdiction of the passage of the Dardanelles to the vessels of war of Great Britain and France, and the right . not only to insist that the strait shall be defended by Tur key for Russian purposes and objects, whenever or however they may arise, but in case of visible indispo sition or. inability on the part of Turkey to fulfil this stipulation, the right equally indisputable of taking possession, with her own troops, of the batteries which command this important passage, and doing for her- self what Turkey had become unwilling or unable to perform. There is scarcely the merit even of inge nuity in the argument that Turkey has the right to interdict the passage of Russian vessels of war equally with thOse of Great Britain and France, that the treaty merely detaches the policy of the east of Europe from that of the west, and affords to Toulon and Malta the same protection that it - yields to Se bastapul and Odessa. Has Great Britain or France any countervailing treaty with Turkey which binds her to close the Mediterranean to Russia, as she is bound to close the Black Sea to them ? Or, if they had, would there be the same guarantee for a faithful execu tion of the engagement ? Could Great Britain or France man the batteries of the Dardanelles with their own . artillerymen, or menace with their legions the walls of the Seraglio, the moment they conceived a suspicion that the stipulations of such a treaty were likely to be evaded ? Russia can only be accused of having availed herself of the opportunities of aggran dizing her power, which Great Britain and France were so infatuated as to afford her. But from this, if it be an accusation, she cannot be redeemed. She now holds the Dardanelles under her absolute control. The fact cannot be disputed. But the blame is that of Mr. Canning and Lord Palmerston much more than of the Emperor Nicholas.—Morning Post. SIR R. PEEL'S MEASURES FOR 1335.- English Church Reform. English Tithe:Commutation. Irish Tithe Commutation. Irish Church Reform. Dissenters' Relief Bill. Ecclesiastical Law Reform. Civil Law Reform. Military Law Reform. Church Rates Bill. Municipal Corporations Reform. ;Municipal Corporations Reform. Our Contemporary then exclaims, in a. voice of triumph : ‘, We ask any honest reformer to look on this picture and on that, and then tell us whether the resignation..of Sir Ro bert Peel has not turned out as we foreboded that it would, a great loss and calamity to the country, especially to the cause of Reform ? And how is it that those from whom that cause had a right to expect so much, have done so little? We know it will be said (but with what truth ?) that the House of Lords have been the obstacle, and that but for them the cause of re form would have been in a more thriving condition. In an swer to this, we again request every honest Reformer to cast his eye over the above balance-sheet, and ask himself how many of Sir Robert Peel's plans of Reform have been so much as mooted by his successors, and whether he does not find that only one of the m , b es id es the Corporate Reform Bill, ever so much as found its way to the House of Commons, still less to the House•of Lords?" Softly, if you - please ; for, in the first place, nothing is known of these clap-trap announcements of Sir R. Peel, except their mere titles—secondly, all the mea sures alluded to by our Contemporary were either pre sented for the consideration of the House of Commons, or in a state of preparation—and, thirdly, there is no proof that even if Sir R. Peel had been allowed to .remain in office, he would have either presented such measures as would have been acceptable to the House of Commons, or that they would have received the assent of another branch of the Legislature, by which he is cordially hated. The amount of loss, therefore, in the shape of Reforms, sustained by the forcible ejection of Sir R. Peel from office, is of a very questionable nature, and becomes much more doubtful when the character of the person from whom the measures were to emanate is justly con sidered. Need we repeat, that that person had previ ously been in office during a period of twenty years, and in office in situations which not only gave him the right to propose such measures of reform, but rendered it, in some measure, an imperative duty on his part to propose them ; and yet that he not only never proposed them, but ,was generally among the foremost of his unhallowed faction to defend the iniquities which it is alleged they were intended to destroy ? Need we say that he was the most determined enemy of Catholic emancipation, and yet that he swallowed, on the ground of expediency, a more sweeping measure of emancipation than any one had previously dreamed of ? Need we add that he was equally opposed to the Reform Bill—nay, almost vowed a vow to be recorded in heaven, that he would have nothing to do with the Government of the country under the operation of such a Bill—and yet that he was the first to accept office when ten dered to him, although its acceptance, under all the circumstances of the case, was anything but honour able ? And yet this is the man—this is the "reclaimed Vidocq, whose ejection from office time country is called upon to mourn—whose loss has bean a " na tional calamity"—and who was, instead of one sub stantial measure of Reform, to have given us a dozen I Thank heaven, that the country, at whatever expense, has been saved from the moral disgrace which it would have sanctioned from receiving such reforms from such unclean and suspicious hands! The Times is more bold than its humble coadjutor, and furnishes an appearance of facts, in one case at least, in support of the charge which it attempts to maintain—we mean the case of the Bill for doing away with imprisonment for debt, which was read a second time in the House of Commons on the 18th of March, but did not reach the Lords until the 17th of August, and was ultimately deferred until the next Session of Parliament, with the approbation of Lords POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GUILDHALL Yesterday a working man named - John liam'cins was brought before Mr. Alderman BIRCH, charged with striking Mr. Mondella Simon, of Charlotte -street, White chapel, for putting down tie end of an umbrella which Haw kins had poking out under his arm, so as to endanger the eyes of persons having occasion to pass behind him. Mr. Alderman BIRCH said he was daily in the habit of putting down the ends of sticks and umbrellas which clumsy fellows carried under their arms, to the peril of everybody's eyes, and it must be seen whether, for doing this, a person was liable to be knocked down. As Mr. Simon was anxious to leave London he would not send the case to the Sessions ; but if the defendant did not satisfy Mr. Simon he would call in another Magistrate, and they would impose a fine upon him. The defendant eventually made his peace by paying 10s. to the ward school, and 10s. to the complainant's witnesses. Brougham and Denman. But this is a solitary in stance ; and the instance is even not in point ; for had the session opened under the auspices of his Majesty's present advisers, at the usual time, the Bill might have reached the House of Lords in June instead of Au gust, and no pretext consequently have existed for postponing the consideration and passing of the mea sure. The circumstance, however, of one-third of the Session—or rather more—having been consumed in endeavours to oust the Tory usurpers of power from their places, as well as of their continued opposition to, and obstruction of, all measures of reform, are carefully kept in the back ground, though to them, and to them only, are to be fairly attributed the success of the few only, out of the many, beneficial measures pro posed and introduced by his Majesty's Ministers.— Morning Advertiser. We extract from the Journal de Frankfort two able articles, the ostensible object of which is to vindi cate the conduct and designs of Russia in her last negotiation with the Porte, but which are far more successful, if regarded as an exposure of the apathy or blindness which have for many years characterised th e policy of England in all that relates to the affairs of the East. It has been the object of every successive Administration, from that of Mr. Canning to the pre sent time, in which the Whigs have hny share, to hasten by every means in their power the annihilation of Turkey as an independent State. This has been their constant object from the date of the Greek Treaty, if the objects of statesmen, like those of other individuals, are to be inferred from the visible tendency of their acts and the plain meaning of their public declarations. The exploit of Sir Edward Codrington and the speeches of Lord Holland are in perfect harmony, so f ar as this purpose is concerned, with the negligence and apathy of Lord Palmerston. And, now that the attention of the British public is attracted to the affairs of the East, it can excite no surprise that, while writers in the in terest of Russia attempt to allay the alarm of this country at the consequences of the past blunders of her statesmen, they should do little more than show how great and fatal these blunders have been. There is much in the article of the Journal de Frankfort that is calculated to awaken the people of England to a just sense of the past folly or weakness of their own Government. When the Russian army had passed the Balkan, an& advanced to within ten day's march of Constantinople, the Ambassadors of England and France, we are told, announced to Russia that if she proceeded farther the Turkish empire was at an end. This was in truth all they could do ; for up to this moment Russia had been aided and encouraged by England and France in an invasion, undertaken not only with the sanction of those Powers, but in pursuance of an express compact to which they were parties. But was this calculated to uphold the dignity and influence of England and France at Constantinople ? Could Turkey from that moment have any confidence in the effective aid of these Powers in any strait to which she might sub sequently be reduced ? Was not this message an unambiguous confession—perhaps a reluctant, cer tainly, in the actual position of affairs, an unavoidable, one, but was it not, at any rate, a plain and distinct confession—that Russia was, even then, substantially the master of Turkey ? It is evident, indeed, that in recalling this humiliating passage to recollection the Russian writer can have intended only to deride the policy of England and France.. But Russia was moderate. She did not destroy Turkey. She was content with having extorted from England and France the confession that she might do so when she liked, and with imposing terms of peace which would yield her pretext and occasion enough for com pleting at any future season all that she then, in her exemplary moderation, thought fit to leave undone. The paper again vindicates the conduct of Russia in respect to the more recent treaty of Unkiar Iskelessi in a manner which conveys a bitter sarcasm upon Eng lish policy. Turkey applied to the Government of those castles at a distance of 150 miles on his left ? The closing of the passage of the Dardanelles as a means of defence against Mehemet Alli, could, then, be of no avail whatever to the Sultan, when threatened in quite another direction by the invading army of his rebel vassal. Nor is the exclusion of the ships of war of other Powers calculated to protect the Turkish capital from foreign aggression, inasmuch as Turkey has no thing at all to fear from any other foe in that quarter. All would be friends and sincere well-wishers who claimed entrance at the Dardanelles. None would come there but for purposes evidently and most de cidedly conducive to the advantage of the Sultan's in terests. This Russia knows full well, and it is pre cisely for the purpose of placing the Sultan as much as possible beyond the reach of any friendly aid that she has framed the secret article of the treaty of the Bth of July, which she has prevailed upon him to approve. , The Frankfort writer, however, after endeavouring to satisfy us that the independence of Turkey is secured by the secret article in question, gives us very clearly to understand that Russia had sought and obtained the key of the Dardanelles for her own purposes— that is, in order to have a better hold on Constan tinople itself, and also have it in her power to close the straits of the Hellespont to every nation who might conceive it advisable to send a fleet into the Black Sea, in order to disconcert her own schemes on Turkey. If Russia did not insist, when negotiating the treaty of the Bth of July, on the exclusion Ao of the mer chant vessels bearing the flag of States in amity with the Porte, for which the Frankfort writer thinks she deserves some credit, it was simply because she was likely to be by far the greatest gainer by encouraging as much as possible the navigation of trading vessels in the Black Sea. We need not stop to inquire in whose favour the balance of commerce in the Black Sea inva riably appears. There is not a man in Europe at all conversant in mercantile interests who is not perfectly aware that it is, and must continue to be from the na ture of the trade, and through the effect of Russian prohibitions, very greatly in favour of Russia. But in the Black Sea, says the Frankfort writer, thdugh you have abundance of inducements for sending trading vessels, you have none in sending ships of war, as there are neither pirates, slave-traders, unexplored regions, nor lands to colonize, which might engage the atten tion of foreign nations in that quarter. According to this excellent reasoning, our ships of war might stay and rot in our docks and creeks, for hardly any such in ducements as those here enumerated exist at present to take them out to sea. The reasoning, at all events, if it be admissible in regard to the Black Sea, ought to be applicable to the Baltic also, and we wonder the Russian Emperor does not iinmediately propose a treaty to the King of Denmark, in virtue of which the ships of war of all foreign States should be pre vented from passim -, the Sound. Upon the whole, the Frankfort writer has been as unlucky in this second article in proving the disinterestedness of Russian views in the East as he was in the one which preceded it. There is in this second production a good deal of vapid stuff about persons in England or in France who are enemies to the peace and good understanding which prevails among all the Powers of Europe, and who are working with all their might to disturb that state of European quietude which makes them so exceed ingly uncomfortable. Similar absurd allegations may be deemed useful to give a plausible colouring to the underhand proceedings of Russia ; but we can tell her advocates that they will succeed just as little in making dupes in England and in France by similar absurdities as they did by the story trumped up a short time ago about 60 French propagandists having set out from Paris for the purpose of murdering the Emperor Nicholas at Kalisch. • By the way, we hav e rece i ve d a no t e from the author of the pamphlet entitled England, France, Russia, and Turkey, the French translation of which afforded the text for the article in the Journal des De bats, which the Frankfort writer professes to answer, and by which note we are informed that it was amis take in the translation which has led to the contro versy. The author says that the following original sentence, " It is, therefore, clear, that the defence of Turkey must precede occupation," was mistranslated thus : " Pour dtfendre la Turquie, iljhut l'occu. per" whereon the arguments in the Journal des De bats were grounded. We do not regret the error, be cause it has led to a discussion in which the whole merits of the Turco-Russian question have once more been brought to light at a moment when Russia is evi dently using her utmost effects to strengthen her alli ance with the two other great absolutist Powers of the Continent ; and when, therefore, it behoves those who are interested in counteracting her designs in the East to watch her motions with renewed vigilance.—Times. Having for many years laboured, hitherto unfortu nately without effect, to bring about an amelioration at least, if not an abolition, of that cruel part of our civil code which authorizes imprisonment for debt, we must, with every friend to justice and humanity, de plore that another Session of Parliament should have expired in which we have, as heretofore, witnessed a world of promise and compassion, resulting in the usual paucity of performance---,in short, in nothing. That Sir John Campbell has been sincere in his intentions upon this subject, no one has any authority to doubt ; but zealous friends sometimes throw away their labour, in such a manner as not only to neutralise their use fulness, but actually to serve the object of theirioppo nents. Such has been the case upon the present oc casion. We ourselves attribute the failure of Sir John Campbell's measure to two causes—the one the exceedingly dilatory manner in which it was in, troduced and followed up ; the other, the extreme com plexity in which it was so unnecessarily involved. We do not know who, or what sort of underlings the Attorney-General employs, but whoever they may be, judging from the machinery, of this Bill, they seem to possess all the vices of verbose legisla tion, without one redeeming point towards effecting their object, or even rendering themselves understood. On this subject, as on most others, reform to be effec tual should be gradual ; and we believe we speak the sentiments of a great proportion of those who have con sidered the subject, when we say that had the Attor ney-General confined himself in the first instance to the abolition of imprisonment on arrest on mesne pro cess, the friends of humanity would have been fully satisfied, leaving the subject of imprisonment for debts on which judgment has been obtained for subsequent consideration. Though no precise returns that we know of have ever been made which would enable us to speak with accuracy upon the subject, we believe we may very safely affirm that, including the cases of persons who are consigned to lock-up houses till they have procured bail, this head of imprisonment em braces full three-fifths of those who are incarcerated for debt at all ; and we need not, point out, therefore, how much of the object would be obtained by the very simple enactment, by means of which this might so readily be brought about. To Sir John Campbell, then, or any one else who will take up the matter in Parliament, we would warmly suggest this as a de sirable mode of commencing a Reform, so long called for—so long promised—yet so constantly postponed or abandoned. " Est quodam prodire tenus, si non datur ultra." Do not let any one be deterred from performing a cer tain degree of good, because he cannot at once ac complish all that he desires. How many aching hearts, how many ruined fortunes might have been prevented, had the subject long ago been effectually taken up, even in this minor point of view. At any rate, whatever is done, let it be done quickly. It is worse than unjust to attribute the failure of Sir John Campbell's Bill to the House of Lords, when a mea sure of such complexity and doubt, as it turned out to be, never reached that House till within a fortnight of the termination of the Session, and that when their table was loaded with similar specimens of delay else where. Taken up in earnest, and in the simple form which we suggest, the next Session of Parliament need not have sat a fortnight before this boon to hum an ity is the law of the land. --Morning Herald. We adverted yesterday in a brief and plain, but we hope, at the same time, unanswerable manner, to the circumstances which had contributed to render the' late Session of Parliament so barren and unfruitful of po pular measures ; and we are now again compelled, in a manner, to-return to the same subject, in lieu of another which we had announced for discussion, by the continued agitation of the same subject, and con- BOW-STREET. Yesterday an ill-looking fellow named John Sullivan, who has long been known to the police as the leader of a gang of thieves in Drury-lane, was charged with having forcibly snatched a reticule containing a prayer-book and other articles from the arm of a lady named Brown, aged 81. It appeared that Mrs. Brown, who lives in Duke. street, Bloomsbury, was proceeding along Drury-lane on Friday evening, when she was hustled by a gang of young thieves, and her reticule was dragged from her arm with such vio lence as to hurt her - severely. The policeman who took the prisoner into custody said that he endeavoured to find the woman who owned the apple-stall, and who witnessed the robbery, and he had good reason to believe that she had been sent out of the way by the friends of the prisoner. The shopman of a cheesemonger in Drury-lane proved that he saw the prisoner on the previous day commit a rob bery still more, daring. An open carriage stopped for a few minutes in the street, when the prisoner jumped upon the seat behind, and tore the veil from the bonnet of a lady who was sitting in the carriage, and got clear off, The woman Lanters, who trembled violently as she gave her evidence, said that she had been threatened that morn ing by a man, who told her that if she curve forward to give evidence against the prisoner she would be a dead woman in a month. Mr. MIN - snuLL ordered the constable to bring that man before him, an d directed that the prisoner, who behaved with the greatest assurance, should be remanded for a week. QUEEN-SQUARE. Yesterday Thomas Paris, one of the clerks of the firm of Elliott and Co., tile brewers of Pimlico, appeared before Messrs. GREGORIE and WHITE, on a summons to answer the complaint of Samuel Finny, the driver of the hackney coach, No. 751, for negligent and furious driving on Friday morning last. The complainant stated that he was proceeding along Palace-yard at one o'clock on Friday morning, when the defendant, who had been driving as fast as his horse could gallop, and who was lashing the animal with his whip most unmercifully, turned out of Great George-street, and before witness could possibly get out of the way, came in contact with him, and the shaft of the defendant's cabriolet entered the shoulder of one of complainant's horses, and passed into its body ; the injury was so severe that it died in a few hours after. Witness, from the concussion, was thrown from his box, and the defendant was also precipitated from his seat and received great injury. Mr. GREGORIE—What other damage have you sus tained ? Complainant—Besides the death of my horse, my coach was greatly damaged, the panels being knocked in, but for the amount of damage I intend proceeding against the defendant in a court of common law. John Brown, the driver of the other coach, corroborated the evidence of the complainant in every particular; and stated that the defendant must have been under the influ ence of liquor, from the careless manner in which he was driving. The defendant, whose head was bandaged, and who ap peared in a very exhausted state from the injuries he had received in being thrown out of his cabriolet, was allowed a chair during the hearing of the case. In reply, he attributed all the blame, if there were any, to the coachman. It was a wet morning, and he was driving at a fast rate to gee h ome ; the accident was unai•oidable, it being very dark ; he himself was taken up in a senseless state, and remained so for some time ; when he had partially recovered, he found himself at the house of Mr. Gilpin a publican ; lie was con veyed home and attended by two surgeons, and it was found that he had received several violciht contusions on the head, and also two severe black eyes. GREGORIE, after consulting with his colleague, said that taking the fact into consideration that some ulte rior proceedings would take place to recover d amages, t h ey should only convict the defendant in the penalty of 40s. MARYLEBONE. Yesterday William Murray, a gentlemanly-looking man, was placed at the bar, before Mr. RAWLINSON, the sitting Magistrates charged with o b ta i n i ng under false pretences 32 so of wine fro m Ri c h ard Preston, w i ne -merchant, C onnau ght-terrace, Edge ware - roa d. P ro secutor stated that a b out t h ree mont h s ago t h e pri soner e ntered his countin g -h ouse , an d sa id h e wanted a few fttle bottles of wine as samples, and if he approved of them he would give him a large order. He then said, " I am the Hon. Major Seymour, there is my name and residence," at the same time handing witness a card, on which was en graved the Hon. Major Seymour, No. 21, Albion -street, Hyde Park-terrace. He thanked the prisoner for his fa vour, and he went away, and shortly after witness sent home one bottle of port and one of sherry. On the fol lowing morning he waited on him, and found that he oecu pied the first floor. He was introduced to him, and on asking him what he thought of the wine, he said he ap proved of it much, but wanted othtir samples, and desired that a bottle of rich old crusted port and one of chain paigne should be forwarded. Witness sent them, and again called on the prisoner, who said he liked his wines vastly, and gave him an order for three bottles of port and three of sherry Witness said, Very well, but he always did business for ready money ;" when the prisoner replied that he had ordered but a small quantity, and that he• expected- some friends from the country, who were coming up to join him in house keeping, and when they came he would pay immediately, and give a better order. Witness felt satisfied, and sent in the six bottles. He subsequently sent for eight bottles at different times, and obtained, by sending a ser vant, six bottles from Mrs. Preston during witness's ab sence from home. Not, liking this going on, he went, at the end of three weeks, to where the prisoner lived, and on speaking to the landlady of the house, she gave him an ex cellent character, - saying he was a respectable religious young man ; that he had told her he was nephew to Lord Edward Somerset ; and that he was visited by the Bishop of London, Lord Combermere, and other Noblemen. Re ceiving such a good character, he had an interview with the prisoner, who ordered eight more bottles of port, making altogether thirty-two bottles. He shortly after called again at the house in Albion-street, and was told by the landlady that the prisoner had flown, owing her, what with money lent, and obtaining goods from her which she had purchased with ready money, more than one hundred pounds. He then made inquiries, and then found that a person answer ing the prisoner's description was well known in the City-; that he was a regular swindler. He had since endeavoured to find out the prisoner, but without success, till that morn ing, when he was informed that he was living at No. 17, Great George-street, Hampstead-road, by the name of Murray. He immediately proceeded there, and on asking for him was shown into the first floor front room, where, having sat a short time, the prisoner came out of the bed room, in which witness saw a young woman, whom he re cognized as having been servant to the house in Albion street, and whom.he understood had been living with him as his wife. Witness said to the prisoner, " Good morn ing, Major Seymour," to which he made no answer, and witness then sent for a policeman, and gave him in charge. Mrs. Marilla Brook, of No. 16, Robert-street, Hamp-• stead-road, said she wished to say a few words against the prisoner . . She had apartments to let, and, on Saturday last, in the morning, the prisoner called, and asked to look at them. She showed the •first floor, and he describing himself as a married man, she asked him 255. a week. He said that was very dear, but called again in the afternoon, and agreed to take them, saying that he had just come from abroad, that he hadn't much luggage, but his servant was coming from Plymouth with more, as he was too late for the mail at Plymouth to bring it himself, in consequence of the opposition coaches. She agreed to accept them, and they came that night, when she provided supper for them, and the next morning got, at the prisoner's request, a pint of brandy, some green tea, &c., with which she made breakfast, which was served up with two mutton chops. He then ordered a duck and apple-pudding for dinner, but thinking it strange they should have brought no luggage, she went to the house in George-street, and found that he had told the landlady the same about his luggage as he had her. Shortly after, he went out, and, on returning, said he bad found out she had doubted his honour, and they had better part. He and the woman then went back to the lodgings they had left, and on that morning she took in her bill for what they had, amounting to I Is. 4ci l , when the prisoner said he did not mean to deceive her, and should not pay her. The prisoner, who refused to give any account of himself, said he got the wine from Mr. Preston, with an understand ing that he was to pay for it as soon as able. He was remanded till Wednesday. _ . He is a man about thirty-five years of age, dark corn. plexion, black hair, about five feet nine inches in height and dresses in black, always wearing a surtout coat. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. An elderly man, who has been convicted for selling un stamped newspapers, Was yestarday brought before Mr. CHAMBERS, charged by .Poison with having again infringed the law in a similar way. Mr. CHAMBERS asked Poison how, he could prove that the defendant had sold unstamped papers ? Poison replied that he saw the defendant sell two papers. He knew that he was concerned in selling unstamped publications, and on searching him at the station-house several unstamped pa pers were found on him ; from all of which circumstances he was certain that those sold by the defendant were also unstamped. Mr. CHAMBERS said the evidence was not sufficient. Poison ought to have gone and purchased a paper in order to ha''c enabled him to speak with certainty. Besides, the papers were not exposed for sale, as it had been admitted they were found in the man's hat. He should not convict in the present case. The defendant was then discharged. J. Home, otherwise Coriolanus kenzble Dorville, a pale faced young man, with a flourishing crop of dark hair, arranged in the style of a Richard the Third theatrical wig, was brought before Mr. Dyer and Mr. Ch a mb ers , c h arge d by the parish-officers of St. George's with having deserted his wife and family. The defendant, 2 short time back, was an industrious calico printer, earning at his trade from 21. to 21. 10s. weekly. Having, however, at sundry " free-and-easies," been rapturously applauded in his delineation of the " crook-back'd tyrant," he at once conceived his genius was essentially histrionic, and for the last fifteen months had left his wife and family to starve, while he exhibited his ta lents at some of the minors for half-a-crown nightly. The wife, having lately discovered that her stage-struck_ help mate had contrived to persuade a young female to enact Juliet to his Romeo, found out where he lodged, and gave his address to the parish officers. While the constables were in chase of her faithless spouse, the enraged wife rushed into the room where her rival sat, and belaboured her with such fury that had not the bystanders interposed the " love-lorn Capulet's would have stood a fair chance of realizing the last act in the tragedy without resorting to Romeo's dagger. Mr. DYER—What do you mean by deserting your wife and family ? Defendant—(folding his arms theatrically)--- I deny, solemnly deny, the charge. I am ready to return home to my wife and little ones. Mr: DYER—You have been committed from this office once before for the same offence. Defendant—'Tis true, tis pity, and pity 'tis 'tis true. My wife is reconciled. in token whereof, she gave me this money, a shilling, to get a whet. Wife—lt is quite false. I never gave you a farthing. Defendant—(holding up his arms)—Are there no stones in heaven ? (Rushing forward to the bar.) Ministers of justice, do your worst, givd me ten, fifteen, or twenty months, I care not. She has sworn she never gave me the shilling. Mr. CHAMBERS—Let us have less of your theatrical nonsense. Why have you left your wife and family, and what have you been doing since ? Defendant—l have shined at the Minors ; and at the last Bartholomew fair I was a vocal " star." Mr. DYER—I don't see anything in your case to call for mitigation. You must go to prison for three months. - Defendant—Ha ! three months ! Mercy, mercy ! but if none then----. Here the defendant went into the cor ner, buried his face in his hands, and assumed the most ap proved wo-begone theatrical attitude. • The gaoler, however, roused him up roughly, and walked him ekpeditiously into the lock-up room. SCOTLAND: TRIAL FOR MURDER. George Campbell was on Wednesday last charged before the Circuit Court of Justiciary at Glasgow, with the mur der of Mary Hanlin or Watters, on the 6th June, in her own house, Deacon's-close, Calton-mouth, by knocking her to the ground, kicking her with his feet, and leaping heavily on her body, in consequence of which the said Mary Han lin or Watters died. He pleaded not guilty. Mary Armstrong, who resided in the house of Mrs. Watters, deposed that prisoner cohabited with the de ceased's daughter, Sarah Watters ; that he was occasionally addicted to drink, and when intoxicated he was of a violent temper, and in the habit of striking Mrs. Watters and her daughter. The deceased and prisoner, who, with the daughter, had . left the house in the morning, had fallen out in the street—he returned home before her, in the after noon swearing vengeance against her, and declaring he would take her life when she came in, though he should be hanged at the gaol for it. Sarah Watters came in first the worse of drink, and went to bed. She was followed by prisoner, who was very drunk. He took a smoke, and also went to bed. Widow Watters came in soon after, atka asked for panne], of whom she said she was afraid. Sh e had had some drink, but knew what she was about, and spoke correctly. She sat down by the kitchen fire, Jamep, Cox came in, but went out before Campbell awoke. Wber k he did waken he rose and took a smoke. This would 'oe about two hours after he went to bed. When he came ben to the kitchen he scolded Mrs. Watters, who was sit ting at the fireside. He cursed her, drew back 'ills han.d, and struck her a blow on the side of the head, wh:tch knoc:ited her off the chair. She cried out " Geordie, dear, don't strike me." While lying on the floor he kicker tier with his feet, and beat her with his hands. She ;gave one cry ; but never did so again. Saw him leap form or five times on her, jumping with the whole weight of his 'Jody. This occurred in the kitchen—after which he dragged her by the shoulders into the room, where he leaped heavily on her belly. He steadied himself by holding by a -table. She ivas then lying on her back. There was a large chest in the room, which her head struck violently when she was dragged thither. He afterwards lifted her into the bed, where she lay crossways. During all this time Sarah Watters was asleep. Witness had her infant in her arms, during the assault, and therefore could not render deceased: any assistance. When witness cried out not to strike Mrs. Waters,. pannel said if she did not keep quiet he w ould; do the same to her. When Sarah awoke she said She was . hungry, and witness went out for a steak with money that she got from pannel, and when she returned she found Mrs.. Watters lying dead, with Sarah crying over her. Citml3l";. bell was also weeping. There was blood on deceased's face; Prisoner asked witness to tell his father and sister, Did not hear him say who did the deed. •Deceased that day was complaining of her breast front blows previouslY inflicted by the panne'. Other witnesses being examined, the Jury, after a very long and able charge by Lord Meadowbank, retired to de liberate on their verdict, and, after an absence of about 20 minutes, they returned, when their Foreman announced that they unanimously found George Campbell guilty. Lord Meadowbank then assumed the black cap, and ad dressed the prisoner nearly as follows :—George Campbell, I am now called on, in the discharge of my duty, to pro nounce the fatal sentence of Death against you. [Here the prisoner, with an effrontery which appalled the whole Court, broke forth into a volley of the most shocking exe crations, which we should insult our readers by printing.] His Lordship proceeded—lf it was a melancholy task be fore, it must be, I am sure, ten times more so now, when you know that you are upon the threshold of the world to come—where you.know, or ought to know, that you are to I , answer to Almighty God for the crimes you have com- r mitted. However you may take it, Sir, it is my duty t o . tell you, tbat the Almighty ha s d ec l are d, in terms of thun der, that " Thou shalt do no murder." He has written it upon the heart of every human being ; and the west ' hardened man that ever yet trod upon the earth consciously felt that, when he was imbruing his hands in the blood of a fellow -creature, he was violating the laws of God a nd nature. You, wretched being that you are, may think that you may brave it out, but I solemnly warn you that you are standing on the threshold of your fate. [The prisoner here again interrupted his Lordship with blasphemies still • more shocking.] Put off these wretched airs ; they are } nothing here. You think to impose on the people around =, you, but I tell you that there is not a man here who does not see that you are not even imposing on yourself ; and 0 you are only bringing on yourself the additional degrada tion which, at such a moment, m us t necessar il y a tt en d such conduct. The sentence was then read by the Clerk of the Court, adjudging the prisoner to be hanged, by the common exe cutioner, on the 29th of September, between the hours of eight and ten o'clock. - The prisoner was then removed, amid the universal dis gust of the. spectators. YOUTHFUL ENTERPRIZE. Mr. Charles Howard Ashworth, the fourth surviving 60 of the late Mr. Ashworth, the barrister, of Manchester' somewhat more than three years ago, was suddenly ; m.s sed by his family, who heard no tidings of him for several w ont?. He was • then only seventeen years of age ; and it bong known that he had but a few pounds in his pocket, and the cholera raging violently at the time in Liverpool, where be was last seen, many fears were entertained that he had been suddenly hurried off by that fatal disorder among stranger?, who, for some reason or other, might conceal it from his friends. He was in the habit, whenever he received fresh pocket-money, of travelling on foot to every remarkable place within his reach. They still, therefore, entertaine d the hope, from a knowledge of his early passion for travel' and of his. constant companions, Bruce, Parke, Captw u Head, Lander, and other worthies, that he might be goof on some long excursion. This, at length, proved true. A letter was received f rom th e b an k s of the Missouri, 10 North America, stating that he had proceeded so far on his projected journey, but since leaving civilized parts 1 13(1 been utterly without money. He has since, without t.es, be means being afforded his fa m ily o f sen di ng hi m any b supplies , from the utter uncert a i n ty o f hi s pos i t i on at any g i ven time, travelled, chiefly on foot, up as far as Fort St. Louis, UPP er Mississippi—visited Lak e Michigan—joined a company of fur traders—passed over the continent of North America-- gone down the coast, in company with Captain Stewart, for two hundred miles—and embarked from the mouth of the Columbia, whence he reached Onolulu, one of the Sand' with Islands in the Pacific, and was heard from tbrougri the brig Eagle, lately arrived from that quarter. On ono occasion he travelled through an utterly wild and uneu tivated country, with only a few poor Indians of the Slou x tribe, on foot, for five hundred miles, dependent on their own resources for a meal, and suffered the greatest possible hardships. He says, in his last letter, received by his eldest brother, the Rev. T. A. Ashworth, that what are called the savage and blood-thirsty children of the desert, have ever been most ki n d t o hi m , an d i n t h e i r w i gwams he has chiefly slept, at their simple board most commonly eaten, and been welcome without money and without price ; but that fre; quently also he had had the wilderness for his couch, an d the desert air for his supper—Liverpool Chronicle. On Friday last, an honest farmer, from the palish 0f Kilmalcolm, brought a cart of potatoes to town, and was selling them along Shaw-street, when he was accosted by an Irishman offering a bundle of hammers for sale, and which he carried on his arm. The countryman bought 0 08 of them and put it in a corner of his cart, and immediately after went into a shop for some purchases which he was. also to put in the cart. The Irishman offered in the mean while to " houl the ho rse " till h e came out, an d t hi s kin': proposal being accepted, h e did so f or a f ew m i nu t es , bet soon after disappeared. On the old man placing his W .- chases in the cart, he could not find the hammer, Pat havleg set off with it ; and lifting up his hands in amazement , he exclaimed, " Heeven' be ;boot us—that cowes ; th e y Eerishmen wad c h ee t th e d ev il!" Sh ou ld P a dd y su cceed in doing all his customers in the same way, he will be en abled to, drive a pretty profitable trade with his hamme r°. The above reminds us of a story we have heard told of Or ° Irish broom-sellers. The one accosted the other," Lar r Y; how in the wurld can you live by selling your brooms a t penny a pace ? I know I can 't li ve upon t hi m althougua stale the birch."—" 0, but I stale mine ready made!" sal Larry.—Greenock Advertiser. (ADVERTISEMENT.).-_T. COX SAVORY, Goldsmi th, &c., 47, Cornhill, London, i n f orms th e P u bli c t h at h e has fitted up a SHOW ROOM, expressly for the display of a large asst y ment of superior SILVER-EDGED PLATED GOODS. offers them at those low but fixed prices, which have been so suc cessful in drawing public attention to the WATCH, JEWELLE II ; SILVER SPOON and FORK, an d SILVER b ranc h es of Trade. BIRTHS. D' On the 13th inst., at Newt on -t errace , Kennington, Mrs. J • Woods, of a son. wil W. On the 9th inst., at Hope H a ll, th e l a d y o f t h e R ev. C. w • kinson, of a son: - On the Ist inst., at Gorhambnry, Herts, the lady Katherine Barham, of a son, still-bo rn . On the 14th inst., at Hertf or d, Mrs. Ames M a tthi as Gilbertsoll, of a daughter.- • ht ' 3 On the 12th inst., at' the Rectory, C ux t on , K en t, th e l a dy °f Rev. Robert W. Shaw e, of a daughter. soll On the 14th inst., i n F enc h urc h -street, the lady of John w et so Esq., of a soil. _....-------"' MARRIED. ray', At Colwick, near Sh ug b oroug h, t h e Hon. Charles Ai ur i c ili second son of the Ea r l o f M ans fi e ld , to t h e Hon. Frances Eliz a c a rl Anson, daughter of th e l a t e Vi scoun t Anson, and sister of thei of Lichfield. • Charles, • r i bar ,_ , On the 9th inst., at Lurgan Church, county of Armagh, `-' o ft 4 second son of James Justus Deacon, Esq., of Ulster-place, R1 00: 1- Park, to Anna, third daughter of George Greer, ESCI, 01. ville, near Lurgan.__---- DIED. OP .On the 12th inst., at her brother's (*.;be Hon. Col. Towns he oi, Charles-street, Berkeley-square, the H on . Georgiana Tewl.iltie.- in her 75th y ear . Sh e was 34 years housekeeper at Windsor `-""-, ot; On the 13th in s t., i n U pper B rook-street, Marv, the 0.1 daughter. of Sir John M. Burgoyne, Bart., aged seven ino nth 9 . 00 9 On the 12th "in s t., a t H am C ommon, aged 22, J o h n 1 2 1° Sutton, only son of the late A dmiral Sir John Sutton, K. C. Caro- On the 12th inst„ in, the Stable-yard, St. James's Palace, line, the wife of Mr. Charles Edison, aged 24. ?t er sq., On the 11th inst., age d 83, James Woolle y , E s q., of Stun field House, near Birmingham. f St. On the sth inst., J ane , th e w i fe of M. Hugh Will i arn s t ° Asaph, in her 86th year. ,„ b year , On the 7th inst., in NieholaY,-street, Chester, in her 0 " car - Anne Glynne, only daughter. of Sir John Glynne, Bart., o f ilas den Castle, Flintshire.„ fo On the 13th inst., Ann, wife of Mr. Edwin Hills, Orr : " Angel-terrace, Islington. ,I, On the 4th in.'„ , Esq., of the 1 1, lii r lo iP- Shepherd, Jl;gon, Ardwick, third daughter of the late at Beaumaris, the wife of Thomas T0wn5h..,e,,,% Y .._.sq., Chorlton-upon-Medlock, Manchester. .40W , On thr ..: 10th inst., at Putney, Mrs. Eleanor Fugion, " ' a l . . 7 .3. WO ° „',ln the 13th inst., Sophia, eldest daughter of the late the uededes, Esq., of Sandling, Kent, aged 42. (On the 13th inst., at Sevenoaks-common, Kent, Era . ll 2 a 'uar e " third daughter of the Rev. Philip Le Breton, of ConnaughyZ i ette On the, 14th inst., at Pownall-terrace, Kenningten „.„1 A real . ' Elizabeth, eldest daughter of J. E. Pownal, Esq., in her ' 4 'f - o k the On the sth inst., at Liverpool, Mrs. Anne Scott, sister late Georcre Johnson, Esq., brewer, aged 80. „ . . e ker, Mrs. ‘-'' On the '9th inst., at the Custom-house apartments, widow, On the 3d i aged ns 90. TI . P I ' t., at Llanstephan, aged 78, William. I%lorg s , of Carmarthen. Joh o On the 7th inst., at Crediton, in his 834 year, the R ev Rudall, 43 years Vicar of that parish. Mr. Willi° At Goodleigh, a ge d 90, Eli za b et h, re li ct o f th e late - Seldo eo 3ls an. cid , 31113 On the m -,T t ult., aged 82, M rs . Th omas ., o f Shop - , •" 1 of late of Gilfacb, Carmarthenshire. daughter On the 24tb ult., in Belfast, Mrs. Eleanor Fulton, c."'D ...I the late John Fulton, Esq., of Lisburn, in her B'2d year. 14 — of -.. - -- London: Printed an d Published by MURDO 1 the e 112, Strand, at The Sun Office, No. 112, Strathn - 11 of Middlesex. .1 r,„ 1,01 Loin "It %If