The Sun. — London, England, 1865-06-13 00:00:00

cl. S• 6 1 1 g 6 16 0 5 156 16 9 16 6 16 Of Wif° t 1• ° 0"51 ,ol , lo° - h Ti fe are tVl rg f lock+, Atte, ct v eo . ' EA' ,v, 0000 6 ieO gsr Vell'cci pigur 12, 10 Of AO/ lOC 13 i ). ln e 11 5 " . s, ine til° W 7 _ ur c orn nera ll d a porta. s 4•04 5 steadh tia a oalto, ed, a Tr eno• It qu ite ered in )5 ; °16 4 1 B a rle.y ; per 40 11-. peg', ess / /66 111. iCe• 30 363 OS 4°6 15s tA 3 : ,A 4 S . 7 no • 26s P °r r pe 24 storo• or sl°'f 30 31 380 3. s 4- 38s 3 54 31s ,„; —$ 315 311; —0 '2.4 350 0 _-0 33 0 31' CO, but ds. push el " f 1401D' d 280 P THE CREDIT'FONCIER AND MOBTLTER OF ENGLAND (Limited). Authorised Capital £4.000,r00 Capital Subscribed Capital Paid-up 500,000 Reserve Fund 200,000 Dividend Reserve Fund 70,000 The DIRECTORS. Right Hon. JAMES STUART WORTLEY, Governor. AISIES LEVICK, Esq., Merchant, King's} jiTne-Yard, Deputy- Governors. TES NUGENT DANIELL, Esq., London, A rta Chlds. Eiq., London. exander Dunbar. Esq., Old Broad-street, London. r d ar les Ellis, E sq ., Ll oy d' s. • °I P l le Hakim, Esq. (Messrs. Pinto, Hakim Brothers, and trio.). Lndon. A e 2 n. T. C. Haliburton, M.P., Chairman of the Canada wl.eneY Association, London. Harrison, Esq. (Messrs. Young, Harrison, and F` v ati), Director of the Thames and Mersey Insurance t i ,"rioany. i,onar,,d_ Stuart Lane, Esq. (Messrs. Lane, Hankey, and Co.), cha Ir e r ,... 1 e 8 E. Newbon, Esq.. London. P M ownall. Esq. J.P • Russell-squar3, London. ( Vim , ackrill Smith, Esq. (Messrs. nackrill Smith and Old Broad -street, London. J o hn Warner, Esq ,3L P.. London. W estmorland, Esq. (Director of the Royal Insurance nom filbert Pan , London. Grant, Esq., Managing Director. Th e A BANKERS. ‘igq.a. and Masterman's Bank (Limited). T l P l 'sts• Smith. Payne, and Smiths. The National Bank, London, Dublin, and its Branches in T Ireland • he Alliance Bank (Limited), London, Liverpool, and Man ehester. Messrs. SOLICITORS. Newbon, Evans, and Co., Nicholas-lane, E.C. This BUSINESS TRANSACTED. n Go v - o alDany negotiates Loans for Colonial and Foreign ~ , ne r tinlentS • ` - '.-One 4 • Othe r er a-es in the Financial arrangements of British and , uailivays ; patit,Kes Advances to Corporations. Town Councils, and other ic Bodies • 41,11tZso_t,iatps Loans for Public Works "nR ertagi n In li the introduction of Industrial and Commercial a_B 'lake att . adv a nces upon approved Stocks, Shares, Bonds, &told s er e it rap ie orary Loans upon eligible Freehold and Lease- Lo w tid~lT ALFRED LOWE, Secretary. and 18, Cornhill, May 4, 1865. DEBENTURES ISSUED BY Tat CREDIT FONCIER AND MOBILIER Igg OF ENGLAND (Limited), OF £500,000 DEBENTURES WITH INTEREST PAYABLE QUARTERLY. The D . th e 0 , 'rectors have decided to issue Debenture Bonds of Ofz. : :_ l32 PanY for the amounts and bearing interest as under, Irk fin co n raS of XlO, £2O, £5O, £lOO, V5O, £5OO, and £ 1 ,0 0, , with Pon,t4 att ached. INTEREST. Forthree years 6 per cent. per annum. -.or fi ve For Year. r seven years .. . .• 7 „ interest paya bls uarterly—viz., on the 30th March, a 30th e l ne, 30th Septembe q r, and 30th December in each year, t the ni PanY's Bankers. The first payment of interest will be made on the 30th June next. c o Th e distinctive feature in the debentures issued by this shk rn PanY is their pefect security ; the amount of theinv capital -.scribed, paid-up, r and uncalled, and the generallnvested Pte of the Company, as well as the large reserve fund, qriiing the most ample security to the investor. tjhese Debentures are issued payable to bearer, and can 'ere`ore pass by simple delivery from hand to hand, without Viorsement, nd are free from any further stamp duty. T hey are • also i s sued— to meet the requirements of Trustees ~!Kl others—transferrable by Deed only, to be duly registered ' t !, the Company's Books in the names of the Investors or '.„.eir Assigns.l l , l ,„l of Aplication can be obtained of the Secretary, to 'um all communications must be addressed. By order of the Court, ALFRED LOWE, Secretary. 1 ,__ . _ 12 1/,, , d is, cornh tondo ill, May 4, 186.5. DEPOSITS RECEIVED BY T i lt CREDIT FONCIER AND MOBILIER OF ENGLAND (Limited). Tilt RATES FOR MONEY ON DEPOSIT. °I st B Co mpany receives MONEY ON DEPOSIT in sums lal--,„" and Onwards at the un dermentioned rates from this uSTIL FU RTIER NO TICE , v i z . : At 11 At days, notice beg,toonth's notice 4 per cent. per annum. Not ' 'AEI) PERIODS OF Iley o eBB than :3 m-mths and up to A months, 4; per ct. per an. tey,„ 4 d 6 months and up to 9 months 4 , 1 per ct. per an. lley o ,„"., 9 months and up to 12 months q per ct. per an. I, "Ql2 months and up to 24 months 6 per ct, per an. Who °llllB °f RPplica t ion can be obtained of the Secretary, to 61 all communic4tions must be addressed. By order of the Court, 1 ALFRED LOWE, Secretary. 7 a , ~ Cornbill, London, June 1, 1865. 1 11 IE BLAhELY ORDNANCE COMPANY (Limited). Ca I ncorporated under the Companies Act, 1862. 1441 X 750,000, in 30,000 Shares of £25 each. Deposit °II application £1 per Share, and £4 on allotment. First issue of 20,000 Shares. Johu Dent,DIRECTORS. 1 10 t i. A Esq., 35, Grosvenor-square. Probart, Captain R.N., 5, Berkeley-square. ~1 1 4' n Needham, Esq., late of the Butterly Ironworks. e a r „ — ‘ e re Platt, Esq Belswood, Rants. Blakely, la - le Royal Artillery, Managing Director. (With power to add to their number.) Th e BANKERS. Agra and Haste an's Bank (Limited), 35, Nicholas lane, London, E.C. SOLICITORS. tessrs. Cunliffe and Beaumont, 43, Chancery lane, London, E.O. oh „ BROKERS. Shepherd, Esq., Throgmorton-street, London, E.C. Ma nchester. P. Eekersley and Son, Bull's Head-chambers, J --Onchester. (3-4 Perry, 12, Waterloo-street, Birmingham. SECRETARY (PRO TEM.)—John Healy, Esq. TEMPORARY OFFICES. 1 , Royal Exchange-buildings, London, E.C.. PROSPECTUS. ea _ ri m Pai b t nanufacture of Ordnance upon the principle patent ed 3 ' t • n Blakely has for upwards of five years been car et o °l ' bY private enterprise. The demand for this class vr e ,Z d nance has, however, so largely increased that the 0 1 .4,1 1 established at Southwark by the present Blakely t1414 411 „ne O mpany have proved altogether inadequate, oa ;" has been found necessary to establish a manufactory_ c oax much larger scale. Extensive works are in course of tra,",raction at Greenwich, to which it is proposed to }per the operations of the Company. Europe and,America, as well as at home, the z i i .3 or O u rd us na s n ia, ce is daily coming into more extensive use, e nte r .ring the last six years large orders have been ep- Portugal, Italy, Egypt, Sweden, China nt,„ li o a ,,,P l an, Morocco, Turkey, and several important States n'oz serti `" to. " and South America, including tho Confederate t • a n evidence of the remunerative character of this de etimi ence profit„T l of manufacture, it may be stated that the net 179-4' 1 . ,( 11 the current year amount to nearly £60,000. the vie w of providing the increased capital which ,t is raga to carry on the manufacture on so large a scale, ela,OPosed to form a Limited Company, to be called the a,.„...°L.Y Ordnance Company (Limited). The services of Thr' i n Blakely have been retained as Managing Director. t ell o , Pre sent efficient staff will also continue in office, as r ,"—Jogiah Vavasseur, Esq., C.E., Resident Engineer; Ne c L a nlPbell (late of the Royal Laboratory, Woolwich), lltil.",ntendent of Laboratory and Shell Factory; General T l a o V, Royal Artillery, Proof-master. ch ase P ure D irectors have entered into an agreement for the dillf of the existing leases, plant, premises, and good !lpb f or the sum of £225,000, payable by instalments over liate i ! ea / 1 1 , and £150,000 in debentures bearing £6 per cent. 1 ) „la t -B ‘,. forming their estimate of the value of the ;he n & teases, fi x t ure s, machinery, stock, and woodwill, es , 1, -4r eetorti have been guided by a valuation of the same hro :„ ° ,, r nPetent Engineer. The goodwill has been rated at ,4 8 '` .4 a half y evre , purchase. ~an evidence of their confidence in the undertaking, ta l d 'endors have agreed to guarantee that the profits of the tte, r.t „ aki ng shall amount to a sum sufficient to pay a ` 4 0 ,1. t"ln dividend at the rate of £l5 per cent.. per annum of h ' 66 Years on the paid-up capital for the time being giTtent issue of shares. 44 )1; 41 4 has been considered impossible to estimate equit tlialie value of the patents, it has been agreed that they lAilitoue transferred to the Company, the present Pro text 8 r receivi ng £2O per cen t. o f the ne t profits for the et Years. ` ) etli G Cor npany will enter into possession of the works in ''llll,2 7 alit and Greenwich on the 30th of June instant, but Drogi s ' entitled to the benefit of all contracts executed, and P eri, f , ln ade, since the 30th June, 1864. The vendors t•e ltli€:3"`,.: t hemselves the right of subscribing for one-third can ~,!'reeent issue of shares. bZ l ?3' . of the Memorandum and Articles of Association t 7-14, 1118 Peeted at the Offices of the Solicitors, 43, Chan otallectuses and Forms of Application for Shares can 41 48%, C1 iL 40 Solicit n ed at th eo Offices of the Brokers of the Company, t h e gC ra n applicants may desire to take full advantage of B A o at ' an teed dividend, by paying up their shares in full, Illtr e : t rea of Application are annexed, one for Ordinary a nd the other for fully paid-up Shares. Fop ir OF APPLICATION FOR SHARES. ."`e Directors of the Blakely Ordnance Company qe (Limited). 44 k bt ib eznert— Ilaving paid to the Agra and Masterman's 6 sum o f £ b e i ng £1 p e r Share on ar e , • Shares, I request you to allot me ,resp,„,in the above Company, in conformity with the aZeh " 118 issued by you • and I hereby agree to accept llot al l. ", or any less number that may be allotted to ty;,a l i t e i i,,Pay thefurther sum of £4 per Share due on on to pi'•nereof, and the calls when due ; and I request -ce my name on the Register of Shareholders for ree allotted to me. I atn, Gentlemen, Your obedient Servant, Name in full Usual signature Address in full Trade or profession Date 1865 li v:til uA TlON FOR FULLY PAID-UP SHARES. e Directors of the Blakely Ordnance Company 11 ht litle tb , A ,„ (Limited). 4 '' . ° th e ::,---ITaving paid to the Agra and Masterman's , n Xlper Share on ~,'uni 1 11 4.4 ',hares, I request you to allot me le g , P Sha • • fully 0 1.1. r e; in conformity with the Prospectus issued i i i t i%' l (l I hereby agree to accept such Shares, or any mer 8 ,,,,,„ . r that may be allotted to me, and to pay the '1,.°1 £24 per Sh due on allotment thereof. ' a m, Ge-ntlbmen, Your obedient Servant, Name in full Usual signature Address in full Trade or profession Date 1865.... . -- ORDNANCE COMPANY 4ti J.ct ItEßEi lvz . itted). , That the List of Ap -11.40er °lli ' for Shares in this Company will be CLOSED at —°l ` l D4 ( e. e k 01-1 FRIDAY, June 16th, for London, and on tlis 19th, for the Country. By order of the Bo'ard. 433'a1 E4eL , lanze Buildings, JOHN HEALE 186 Y, Secretary. June 12, 5. THE AGRA AND MASTERMAN'S BANK (Limited), - and the ENGLISH JOINT STOCK BANK (Limited), Are authorised to receive subscriptions for 111 HE PHOSPHATE OF LIME COMPANY 1. (Limited). -To be incorporated under "The Compa nies' Act, 1862," by which the liability of each share holder is limited to the amount of his -shares. Capital, £300,000, in 12,000 shares of £25 each. (With power to increase.) £1 per share payable on application ; £4 on allotment. Calls to be made in accordance with the terms of the Prospectus. DIRECTORS. John Alers Sankey, Esq. (late of Messrs. Hankey and Co., Bankers), Fenchurch-street. Thomas Bradshaw, Esq., Director of the English Joint Stock Bank. Horace Edward Chapman, Esq. (Messrs. Lane, Hankey, and Co.), London. - - - Lord Alfred Spencer Churchill, M.P., 16, Rutland-gato. Lieut.-Colonel Doveton, Director of the Agra and Master- man's Bank. Professor Way (late Consulting Chemist of the Royal Agri cultural Society). BANKERS. The Agra and Masterman's Bank, 85, Nicholas-lane, Lon- don. - English Joint Stock Bank, 60, Gracechurch-street, Lon don, and its branches. BROKERS. Messrs. Robins, Barber, and Dailey, 29, Threadneedle street, London. SOLICITORS. Messrs. Mercer and Mercer, 9, Mincing-lane, London. TEMPORARY OFFICES-10, St. Swithin's-lane, London. ABRIDGED PROSPECTUS. This Company is fohned for the purpose of purchasing and working the well-known deposits of Phosphate of Lime, situated at the Island of Sombrero, in the West Indies, and at Logrosan, in Estremadura ; thus avoiding the serious competition that would necessarily arise if the two properties were in the hands of parties having antago nistic interests. ' ' . ` .. ...01im.. App : N°. 22,771. KINAHAN'S Lb WHISKY v. COGNAC BRANDY. Tuis oclePrated Old IRISH WHISKY rivals the finest FRENCH BRANDY, It Pure, Mild, Mellow, Delicious, and very Wholesome. Sold in Bottles, 3s. Bd., at the Retail Houses in London; by the Agents in the principal towns in England ; or wholesale at 8, GREAT WINDMILL-STREET. LONDON, W. Observe the Red Seal, Pink Label, and Cork branded "Kinahan's LL A VE YOUR POOR TEETH, ard Ec:onomiie, your Cigars. BITT CLI ER'S PATENT CIGAR NIP PERS are sold everywhere. Price ld. nUTUAL LOAN FUND ASSOCIATION (Incorporated by Act of Parliament, 1850), 14, RUSSELL-STREET, COVENT-GARDEN, LEN MONEY on Personal and other Secarityr, in sums of £2O to £5OO, to be repaid by instalments extending over one, two, or three years. The large Cipital of this Associa- Von enables it to complete Its transactions without delay. No inquiry or cffice fees, and strict secrecy observe& Bills Discounted at short notice. Form sent free on receipt of a directed stamped envelope. The Association also lends Money for the purchase of a house by a tenant, or for the liquidation of mortgages, on terms most advantageous to the borrower. EDWARD HARPER, Secretary. THE PERUVIAN RAILWAYS COMPANY (Limited) have authorised their Bankers to receive Deposits and Applications for Shares in the PERUVIAN RAILWAYS uOMPANY (limited) for One Week longer, in order to allow time for the arrival of the next Peruvian mail before proceeding to allot. By order. B. A. SMITH, Secretary. 85, Cannon-street West, E.C., London, Jane 8, 1865. THE NATIONAL PROVINCIAL BANK OF ENGLAND. WHEREAS an EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEET ING of the Proprietors of this Bank was held at the Com pany's new Bank prem'ses, 112, Bishopsgate-street, in the City of London, on THURSDAY, the Bth day of June inst., to consider the expediency of now authorising the Court of Director to carry on business vs bankers In London, and at places not exceeding 65 miles from London, as soon as they might think fit, and for that purpose to accept such condi tions and to comply with such ob,igations as might be im posed by sny Act of Parliament respecting Banks of Issue, or it the Directors should think it desirable for the purpose aforesaid, to discontinue tt,e issue of bank notes, an , l to pa , s such resolutions on the subject as the meeting might deter mine upon; and the resolution, of which the following is a copy, was unanimously passed at such Extraorainary Gene ral Meeting : —•- - Resolved,—That the Court of Directors be, and they are hereby authorised to carry on banking business In Lon don and at any places not exceeding 65 miles from London, as soon as they may think fit, and for such purpose to discon tinue the issuing of Bank notes of this society. Notice is, therefore, h -reby given, that an Extraordinary General Meeting of the Proprietors of the said Bank will be held at the Company's new Bank premises, 112, Bishopsgate street, in the City of London (entrance in Threadneedle street), on THURSDAY, the 6th day of July next, at the hour of Twelve °Volk at noon precisely, for the purpose of confirming the said resolution pas ,, ed at the Extraordinary General Meeting of the Proprietors of the said Bane, held on Thursday, the Sth day of June instant. order of the Court of Directors, A. ROBER TSON,I Agents and Joint General E. ATKINSON. j Managers. London, June 13, 1865. SOMBRERO ISLAND. This property is held on lease, granted by Her Majesty, for a term of 21 years, from the 16th March, 1865, to the present proprietors, at a fixed rental of £l,OOO per annum, without royalties, in consideration of the large expenditure incurred by them in erecting buildings, machinery, and other works thereon, for the development of the undertak ing, and of the great benefit thereby conferred upon the agricultural interest. The Island has been worked for the last eight years by the present proprietors, and upwards of 10,000 tons per annum of the Phosphate have been sold in the United Kingdom alone, and large quantities of the article have also been disposed of on the Continent, and in the United States. The average profits on the sale for the last three years have been £20,000 per annum, which may be considerably increased by the application of additional Capital. The quality of this Phosphate is well known, as contain ing 75 to 80 per cent. of Bone Phosphate, and its quantity is estimated at upwards of a million tons. The business is fully organised, and in active operation, and the benefit of existing contracts for the deliv.ery of nearly 10,000 tons of Phosphate during the next six months will be transferred with the lease of the property to the Company; and it is estimated that the profit upon these contracts will be upwards of £ls,ooo—thus giving a sub stantial guarantee for the payment of an early dividend. Further contracts of an equally profitable nature for deli very of upwards of 30,000 tons, during the next six years, have been entered into, and these contracts will also be transferred by the present proprietors to the Company. LOGROSAN (ESTREMADURA) PHOSPHATE. This property is held on lease from the owner in fee, for the term of 99 years, from the 16th April, 1863, at moderate Royalties. It is situate about 24 miles from Villaneuva, on the railway from Badajoz to Ciudad Real, where a station has recently been opened, and uninterrupted rail way communication is thereby afforded to the port of Lisbon. The vein of Phosphate runs for a length of two miles, and has proved in some places to be 40 feet deep, and from 7 to 16 feet wide ; how much deeper it goes is not known. One definable space, which has been mea sured, contains upwards of 250,000 tons, and this extends over a comparatively small portion of the surface of the concession. . The Directors have entered into a provisional contract to purchase this property subject to a good title, free from incumbrances, being made by the Vendors to the Company, and also to the ratification of an agreement on the subject of the royalties. The deposit at Logrosan contains from 80 to 90 per cent. of Phosphate of Lime ; an average quality of 85 per cent. can therefore be safely calculated upon. At the low price of Is. per unit, £4 ss. will be its value per ton. To the Agricultural interest, the further development of these deposits of Phosphate of Lime is of the greatest im portance ; whilst, as a commercial enterprise, the under taking promises to be most successful. The profit from Sombrero Island alone can be confidently estimated to pro duce more than 15 per cent. on the capital to be called up for its purchase and working ; and as the development of the Estremadura quarries proceeds, the Directors anticipate a largely increased ratio of dividend from that source. The present undertaking will virtually have a monopoly of the market, for there are no other similar deposits of equal magnitude and practical- value at present known ; there will, therefore, be no serious competition. Organised arrangements already exist with leading firms in the United Kingdom, on the Continent, and in the United States, for the sale of the article. The Company will thus commence its operations with the advantage of an established connexion, and avoid the trouble, risk, and expense of forming a new business. The consumption of Superphosphate, and other Phos phatic Manures in the United Kingdom, is estimated at from 200,000 to 300,000 tons annually, and that quantity is probably not applied to one-tenth part of the land which would be benefited by its use. The purchase-money of the two properties is £250,000, which the vendors agree to take as follows :—.f.35,000 in debentures, and £90,000 in paid-up shares of the Company, which shares, for the purposes of dividend, are to rank only to the extent of the calls from time to time made on the ordinary shares, until July 1, 1866, after which date, pro vided the Campany shall declare a dividend of Ten per cent. on the Chpital then paid up, these shares are to be entitled to participate in future dividends to the full extent of their nominal value. The vendors take the remaining half of the purchase-money in cash by instalments, without interest, extending over a period of twelve months. In order to meet these instalments, and to provide funds for the due and efficient carrying out of the objects of the Company, calls will be made as follows : £5 per Share, being equal to 20 per cent., £1 on appli cation, and £4 payable on allotment. £5 per Share, being equal to 20 per cent., payable 10th October, 1865. £5 per share, being equal to 20 per cent., payable 10th February, 1866. £2 10s. per Share, being equal to 10 per cent., payable 10th June, 1866. It is not anticipated that any further Calls will be re quired. Subscribers will have the option of paying the above calls in advance, or of paying the whole £45 in full, and on such payments 6 per cent interest ;per annum will be allowed, from time of payment. Applications for shares may be forwarded to the bankers of the Company, with the deposit of £1 per share. If the number of shares allotted be less than the number applied for, the deposit paid will, so far as necessary, be credited towards the payment due on allotment. Should no allot ment be made the deposit will be returned in full. The articles of associ a ti on , l ease s, plans, reports, and valuations, with analyses of the respective products, may be inspected at the Office of the Solicitors: Prospectuses and fo rms of application for shares may be obtained of the Brokers, Bankers, Solicitors, and at the Temporary Offices of the Company. ,N EWS PAPER \I- 1-4 possibility of Russia drawing an increased supply. 134 : ---..-. ' ','-. , ‘.,. , . t i0,1t.:4, , - „...,1z.. , . ' 7.* . of cotton from Central Asia and from th„,.a V ' . ,- ~ ..''- (i-, i ', • ) . „.. j. .47 - ~ ,f, , \ . ;,, r, i1...1 ~,......_. f ..,. / .1):E • .. iti : ( 4 :1 : 111'; ' \'' Cll4-1 . az -,.. ~ AN "I ; /IV ( 11 1 ':'-4-: , ---14'- t''l' ''': , t. ':Ak,,, ......:_... .....,, , e . .., ( 4- , : ...- ' , ty, Ji ' Po\ ( . _ 1 016 ,4A4sWZIE - -li'-( , n - ' ' -. * 4.-4- " -- ' - o- 'tt -..:- , - ". ...,.,1 t , - f , 27 , -, ~.,_-. ..-1,,,,i.. 46 I !, 4 7,N .: 1111111 Wii . ... 70 ' i 4 ....,..,..4,73m aiit e .4 , - . 1 , c . , c ~ ..„, , - 4'' , ,. ,.. ,.7 s. ' ~.0 : Punjab. These speculations, it ma,ciow b h ,are of less importance than they were\a .pear 0 - - -- s . f, - , 'aftr, igo ee'm - ~ _.'- :7-•. , 1 111°.'0 i .-/ ) But, incidentally, this part of the Report interesting information of the old routes of com merce in those regions. The question is whether British enterprise could not make greater use of these routes, and by manufacturing articles specially suited to the habits or tastes of the people, compete successfully with the goods brought from Russia, which are bad in quality, and necessarily dear. The native traders, who now cross these plains and mountain ranges, would willingly become the agents of such a traffic. It has even been proposed to establish an annual fair at Peshawar, at the extre mity of our Indian frontier, for the interchange of commodities. Is there any fair, in any corner of the world, Manchester could not supply, if it made the attempt ? We strongly recommend the subject, and the concluding page's of Mr. Lumley's Report, to the attention of those commercial interests the most nearly concerned. PRICE 4d. STAMPED sd. reasons for the encouragement of manufactories in various parts of the country. Some portions of this vast empire are much less favoured as regards soil and climate than others. There are Governments which contain from 3 to 17 acres of arable land per head of the population, while in other parts of Russia there is scarcely ono acre per head of land suited to cultivation. It is natural enough that in districts where the soil fails the population should emigrate to seek more fertile land or the means of employing its hands in manufactories, and this happens even in some parts of Russia where the land is most fertile, but where, from want of roads or water communication, there are no means of, or great difficulty in, disposing of the agricultural produce ; while the landed proprietors, instead of laying out their capital in improvements on the land which would only give them a small return after considerable delay, seized with avidity the chance of getting 10 per cent. or 12 per cent. for their money by placing it in a cotton mill or calico manufactory. But there is another cause which stimulates manufactories in Russia, and that is the severity of the climate. In some of the northern districts field labour is only possible during from 130 to 150 days in the course of the year, and it may be imagined what a loss Russia would sustain, if out of 65,000,000 of her European population, 50,000,000 remained unoccupied during six or eight months of the winter, where all agricultural labour is at a standstill." ELECTION INTELLIGTENCE• ---- o ANGLESEA. It was stated some months ago that the return of the Hon. W. 0. Stanley, M.P., of Penrhos, Holy head, for the Anglesea boroughs would be opposed. As yet, however, no candidate has come in the field. As the !severity of the climate so limits the annual season of out-door labour some employment for the Russian peasant during the rest of the year must be found. Thus the 1:0,500 manufacturers of Riissia employ 200,000 of the class. But it does not be come so exclusively - manufacturing as in other countries. "It is the peasants who work in the mule ; the peasant& who carry on the chief part of the commerce for, thn,interior. The peasants, in short do everything." " This peculiarity of the climate has made manufacturing industry a national want in many parts of Russia ; it is this that developed manufactures in the villages long before they were established in the towns. There are villages, for instance, in Russia in which all the peasants have been for generations either weavers, tanners, shoemakers, lock smiths, cutlers, &c. The advantage of such village industry is evident, for by this natural union of agricUlture and manufacture agriculture is not deprived of its hands, and the peasant is not removed from his family. It has none of the evils of manufacturing industry carried on in a large scale in great towns and cities ; there is no agglomeration of the labouring classes, no indigent poor, or what is termed the Frolotariat class." But there is another side of the question, which has also to be explained : " Although, as has been shown, there are certain incen tives to the establishment of manufactories in Russia, the disadvantages and obstacles to the progress of Russia as a manufacturing country are more numerous and important ; among these may be mentioned want of capital, a high rate of interest, and the circumstance that spinners are com pelled to sell their yarn for bills of long date, from 12 to 18 months which with the high rate of discount weighs more heavily on the price of cotton twist than all the other in conveniences put together. To these must be added the great distances and difficulties of transport and communi cation, the expense of mechanical, chemical, and other agents for manufactures; the high price of iron, of tools, and of every description of mechanism ; the increasing ex - penso of fuel, wood as well as coal, and the fact that inmany cases the manufacturing establishments have been under taken by amateurs, noblemen of large property but without the necessary knowledge, who have been obliged to employ agents, highly paid, but in some cases not to be depended on. This latter inconvenience, however, has been less felt since the cotton and other factories have been taken up by com panies who have employed English overseers. A consider able loss is also occasioned by the circumstance that many mills are obliged to cease work during the seasons of field labour, an interruption which the millmasters can only prevent by an increase of wages. In consequence of the number of holidays, 15 or 17 is the minimumkept in the fac tories besides Sundays, the working year consists of only 294 days. Russia is also at a greater distance than other cotton-spinning countries from the centre of trans-Atlantic commerce. The navigation is of short duration in all the northern ports of Russia, and nearly all the manufacturing districts are far removed from the southern ports, conse quently Russian spinners have but little time to provide themselves with the necessary stocks, and they are obliged to do this on so large a scale that a much greater amount of capital is required for advances than in other countries ; add to this the risk of loss from a sudden fall in prices, which may occur at a time when Russian spinners cannot avail thomselves of it. These are some of the natural and unavoidable disadvantages arising from the employment of a foreign raw material, brought from a groat distance, and obtained indirectly from an intermediate source." Notwithstanding these disadvantages cotton mills have been profitable speculations in Russia. During the last 24 years they have paid dividends of about 11+ per cent. on the original shares. Many of the Englishmen employed in these mills have no incon siderable share in the profits of the business. The description of the routine of a working day in a Russian mill is interesting. The peasant work man is docile, and up to a certain point easily taught. But beyond that point he never goes. His worst qualities are drunkenness and an incorrigible love of thieving. The discipline of a Russian factory is therefore in some respects somewhat military. Coming to work in the morning in a state of intoxi cation, nothing unusual, entails the loss of the day and the wages of it, about 3s. English ; and all the hands, male and female, are searched on leaving the mill. This is a necessity, for the habit of pilfering is so common among the lower classes, " that the Russian peasant will carry off anything he can lay his hands on, if it be not too hot or too heavy." The following is a description of a scene in a factory that has a peculiarly Russian and picturesque effect : "Occasionally a deputation of the girls of a mill will apply for permission to give the rooms an extra wash, as they propose to ask the ' pope' to come and bless their labour; such a request for extra cleanliness is, of course, always complied with. Next day, when the mill looks its best, and the engines and machines have received an extra polish, the priest arrives and goes through the rooms, chanting and sprinkling with holy water the looms, the spindles, and every portion of the building. On one of these occasions the manager asked the priest if he could not exer cise some wholesome influence over his flock so as to check the habits of lying and pilfering to which they are so much addicted. What can I do?' answered the priest ; you cannot grow flowers on clay.' " Here is another scene equally national : " On Saturday the mill closes at noon, and remains closed till Monday morning. In some factories the workpeople are paid once a week, but in general they receive their wages o nce or twice a month ; the former is by far the best plan, as the workman has less temptation to squander his earnings in drinking. As it is, few sober workmen aro to be found on Saturday evening; nor is this to be wondered at when brandy is so cheap. The bottle of gin which in England would cost 35., is here replaced by a bottle of much stronger votki at 30 copecks, or less than Is. ; a large wine glass of this liquor costs 3 copecks, about 1.d., and for 9 copecks, about 3d., a man can buy two gill glasses of strong corn brandy, quite enough to make even a Russian peasant drunk, if taken at once. It is on these half-holy and fete days that the thoughtless, light-hearted, and good-natured character of the Russian mujik' is seen ; some of the work men will be singing in groups, others incessantly embracing each other, for the Russian peasant, who is never quarrel some in his cups, becomes both musical and affectionate when intoxicated. Here the father of a family may be seen reeling home, playing on the ' balalaika' (the rudest form of guitar that ever was invented), attended by his wife and children, in whose eyes his drunkenness is no shame, the drunk, it may be, leading the drunk ; or one who is helplessly inebriated being tenderly carried home by his more sober comrades. Unfortunately, the beneficial measure adopted two years ago of abolishing the nefarious system of brandy-farming, while it has substituted a wholesome liquor for the poisonous liquor formerly sold as brandy has ren dered it so cheap that the poor peasant cannot withstand the temptation of purchasing it. Drunkenness, it cannot be doubted, is greatly on the increase among the lower classes wherever it is not checked by their interests; and the supply of liquor would appear to be fully equal to the de mand, if one may so judge by seeing for every cart con taining merchandise of any kind four or five carts convey ing casks of brandy in every direction. Some improve ment in this respect may, however, be shortly expected, as the result of the late measures adopted by the Minister of Finance, according to which the Excise duty on brandy is to be raised 25 ner cent., and the sum to be paid for licenses to sell brandy, will be nearly doubled." To sum up the account of the advantages Russia derives from her cotton manufactories, the result appears to be that a portion of the peasant class finds employment, that the shareholders make a profit on their investments, and that the nation loses 17,000,000 silver roubles every year, to keep up the system. But the last few years have not been profitable to the proprietors. Many mills have been stopped, others work on at a loss because stoppage would be ruin. One firm is mentioned which does nothing, at a cost of 50,000 roubl es a year. The mills are like sinking ships, but they prefer to go down inch by inch. The Report examines at considerable length the THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JUNE 13, 1865. NEW WORK by the Author of BARBARA'S HISTORY Just ready, In 3 v 013., MISS C AR E W. By AMELIA B. EDWARDS, Author of " Barbara's History." Hunt and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. 'Now ready, in 1 vol., with Illustrations, 15s. bound, YACHTING ROUND THE WEST OF •_ll_ ENGLAND. By the' Rev. A. G. L'EST RANGE, 8.A., of Exeter College, Oxterd, li.T. " A very interesting work. We can scarcely imagine a more pleasant and romantic yachting voyage."—Observer. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. L IFE: Its Nature, Varieties, and Phenomena. By LEO H. GItINDON. The Publisher begs to announce the issue of the Third Edition of the above popular work in sixpenny monthly parts. Parts I. to IX. now ready. The work can be had complete, in cloth, price 6s. 6d. " To those who delight in the exercise of their intellectual powers, these very thoughtful and beautifully-written reflec tions will be a welcome boon, and the source long afterwards, we may rest assured, of many fruitful meditations and plea sant memories." —Sun. London : F. Pitman, 20, Paternoster-row. E.C. Cloth, price 28. 6d., AHANDBOOK for the MAN of BUSINESS, applicable to all Departments of Commercial Engage mente. London : F. Pitman, 20, Paternoster-row, E.C. Extra cloth, price 55.. CEP TICISDI AND SPIRITUALISM. The experiences of a Sceptic. By the Authoress of " AURELIA." London : F. Pitman, 20, Paternoster-row, E.O Demy Bvo., price 25., ZOILISM: An Essay toward Pathological Analysis. An Eclogue for Eventide. By JOHN FOYER, Author of " St. Thomas A ' Beckett, ' . Anti- Colenso," duo. &c. London: F. Pitman, 20, Paternoster-row, E.C. Derry 4to , cloth, price 78. 6d., THE PSYCHONOMY of the HAND ; or, the Hand an Index of Mental Development. London : F. Pitman, 20, Paternoster-row, E.C. The BOOK of the DAY and EVERY MAN'S BOOK. Just published, price ls. 6d , by post, free, is. Bd., REVELATION of QUACKS and QUACKERY. By D N.TECTOR. For notices of this startling work see the "Saturday Re view" of April 1, entitled "Quacks and Quackery ;" the "Weekly D•spatch" of April V. "The Quacks and their Crimea;" "The Sun" of April 12, "'Detector's' Broadside on Quacks and Quackery." GUIDE TO TEIE QUACKS OF LONDON. A Series of Papers relative to Quacks, which appeared in the " Medical Circular," with the signature of "Detector," has been republished in the form of a short pamphlet. The reader of " Punch" should read this pamphlet also. He has of ten read, in the pages of "Punch," of oertain Quacks, frau dulent and noisome, who obtain money by false pretences, and more money by menaces and extortion, from green young men. For their names, which " Punch" would not advertise, he has referred his readers to the lower corner of the advertisin4 columns of low newspapers, amongst which too many of Mr. " Punch's" contemporaries, especially in the country, may still be enumerated. lint now he begs to pub lish the information that a nominal list of these miscreants, with copies of their puffs and other particulars concerning them, needful to be known, will be found in the pamphl t above referred to, which is entitled "Revelations of Quacks an 1 Quackery," and is to be had at the "Medical Circular " Office, 20, King William-street, Strand, W.O. The vile practices, the monstrous impudence, the cruel rapacity, and the enormous geins of the obscene tribe of Quacks, the mischief they do, the ruin they work, even to the causation of suicide, are Hilly set forth in " ttevelatione of Quacks and Qaekery." And mark eapeclally that, as aforesaid, the names of the Quacks are published. The pamphlet in question thus constitutes a regular Quack Di rectory, by con-ulting which every young man may know where he may go if he wishes to get plundered and destroyed. Buy, therefore, reader, by all means buy " h evelations of Quacks and Quackery." Its contents will astonish and amuse you, white they invoke your indignation and disgust. 01 course you do not want It on account of its warnings for your own sake, but you doubtless do for that of the many simple tons with whom you must be acquainted, if your acquaint ance is large. " Who are the Quacks that 'Punch' means I" Consider what it is to he able to answer this question of the young and inexperienced, and, for charity's sake, if for no other, go and provide yourself with "Revelations of Quacks and Quackery," by Detector.—Punch, April 12. itPHOTOGRAPHIC CURIOSITY.-- The Photographed fac-simile of the First rage of TUE SUS now publishing, and may be had On Paper at Os. 3d. On Card •• • s. 6d. Ditto, framed is. Bd. By order of all Booksellers and Dea'ers in, Photographs, and at THE SUN OFFICE, 1 1 a, Shand. " The Sun' evening newspaper has Just issued a photo graph, 9 inches by 7, of its first page as it apneared on the 2d of last January. The card terms quite a literary curiosity, awl is on , of the best specimens of minute typograpLy ever published."—London Review. lIAIR-CURLING FLUID, 248, High Holborn, London.--ALEX. ROSS'S CURLING FLUID curls Ladies' or Gentlemen's hair Immediately it is app ded. Sold at 3s 6d.; sent free for 51 stamps. Ross's Toilet Magazine, Is. 6d., or 20 stamps. GREY HAIIR.-248, High Holborn, London.— ALEX. ROSS'S charges for Dyeing the hair perma nently- Ladies' Hair from 7s. 6 d.; Gentle m e n ' s from ss. The Dye is sold at .38. 6d, or sent free for 54 stamps. It is most easy of use. HAIR. DESTROYER, 248, High Holborn, London.—ALEX. ROSS'S DEPILA roRY removes, without effect to the skin, superfluous hair from the face, neck, and arms. 35. 6d.; sent the same day as ordered by post for 54 stamps. SPANISH FLY is the acting ingredient in ALEX. ROSS'S CANTHARIDES OIL, which t , peedily produces whiskers and thickens hair. 3s. 6d.; sent free fors4 stamps.— AL EX. ROSS, 248 , High Holborn, London. Essay )n Hair, id. PIMPLE REMOVER.—AII diseases of the skin are improved by one dose of ALEX. ROSS'S VEGE TABLE SKIN PILL. They remove redness, sallowness &c. 2s. 9d.; by post for 40 stamps.—ALES. ROSS, 248, High Holborn, London. ALEX. ROSS' FACE POWDER, Is. ; sent for 14 stamps ; Eye Colour, 3s. rd., or 54 stamps. Skin tonic produces a transcendent complexion, 45., or Aso stamps. Bloom of Roses, 3s. 6d., or 54 stamps.—AVia. ROSS, 248, High Holborn. London. MR. HOWARD, SURGEON-DENTIST, 52, Fleet-street, has introduced an entirely new descrip tion of ARTIFICIAL TEETH, fixed without springs, wires, or ligatures. They so perfectly resemble the natural teeth as not to be distinguished from the originals by the olosest observer; they will never change colour or decay, and will be found superior to any teeth ever before used. This method does not require tne extraction of roots, or any pain ful operation, and will support and preserve teeth that are loose, and is guaranteed to restore articulation and mastica tion. Decayed teeth stopped and rendered sound and useful in mastication. -- • •-•- 52, Fleet-etre-at. At home from 10 till 5. IVOTHING 11VIPOSSIBLE.—The greatest and most useful invention of the day, AGUA AMARE LL Messrs. JOHN GOSNELL and CO., 12, Three King-court, Lombard- strect, London, Perfumers to her Majesty, respect fully offer to the public this truly marvellous thud. which gradually restores the human hair to its pristine hue—no matter at what age. The Agua Amarelia has none of the properties of dyes ; it, on the contrary, is beneficial to the system, and when the hair is once restored one application per month will ]seep it in perfect colour. Prim one guinea per bottle, or in half bottles, 10s. 6i. Testimonials from artistes of the highest order, and from Individuals of undoubted re spectability, may be seen on application. Messrs. John Gosnell and Co. have been appointed Perfumers to her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales. TWIN GOSNELL and CO.'S CHERRY TOOVIT PASTE is greatly superior to any tooth powder; Lives the teeth a pearl hiteness, protects the enamel from decay, and imparts a pleasant fragrance to the the breath. Free Is. Cd.-12, Three King-court, Lombard street, London. EMEMBER, YOU WILL SEE YOUR AA) FRIENDS at " EVANS'. " After the Opera we sthil Sup there! WESTMINSTER ELECTION.- Mr. WILLIAM HY. SMITH will have the honour of meeting the Flectors of Westmintrer at WILLIS'S RoOSIS, King-street, St. James's, on TUESDAY EVENING NEXT, the 11th inst. The Right 11 m. the Earl PERCY, 3LP., in the chair. The Chai r will be taken at Eight o'clock. Committee Rooms, 31, Spring-gardens, June 10, 1,65 NITESTMINSTER ELECTION.- The et IMITT EE for promoting the elec ion of Mr. SMITH SITS DAILY from Twelve to Four at the TRAFALGAR HO ['EL, Spring-gsrdens, S.W., where all commu—i ations may be made. CHAIRMAN. The Right Hon. the Earl PERCY, DIX., Northumberland House. VICE-CRAIR3IEN. JOHN LETTSOM ELLIOT, Esq., 98, Grosvenor-street. GEORGE CUBIIT, Eeq, m.p., .5, Eccles on-square. JOHN F. ISAACSOv,' An•en`s. ROBT, P. OLDEILSHAW, WESTMINSTER • ELECTION.- The IN WARDS of ST. GEORGE. Hauover-squaro. Mr. W. H. SMITH'S District Committee sits daily at No. 40, Davies-street, Berkeley-square. DISTRICT CHAIRMAN-11 on. GEORGE GRIMSTON. VICE-CHAIRMEN. Dover Ward Hon. Colone Rowley, M.P. onduit Ward Hun. Admiral Duncombe, M.P. Brook Wa d John Lettsom Elliot, Ekq. (E. Dist.) Grosvenor Ward Viscount t , an,:on. Curzon Ward J. A. M ORSE, Esq., District Agent. • L AW LIFE ASSURANCE OFFICE. Fleet-street, London, May 24, 1865. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that in pursuance of the provisions of the Deed of Settlement of the Law Life Assur ance Soci,ty, a GENERAL MEETINti of the Proprietors will be held at the Society's Office, Fleet-street... London, on_ SATURDAY, the 24th day of June next, at a quarter to Twelve o'clock at noon precisely, to elect• Six Directors and Two Auditors, when those who go out of office b rotation will be proposed for re-election; also - to Director in the room of Keith Barnes, Esq., deceased ; also to elect One other Auditor in the room of John Deedes, Esq., who has resigned that office; and forgetter .1 purposes. The Director to be chosen in the room of Keith Barnes. Esq., deceased, will remain in office until the 24t1 day of June, 1867; and the Auditor to be chosen in the room of John Deedes, Esq., will remain in office until the 24th day of June, 1E66. _ . And further notice is hereby given, that in pursuance of the provisions contained in the said Deed of Settlement, a Special General Meeting - of the Proprietors will be held at t!le Society's Office as aforesaid, on Saturday, the 24th day of June next; at Twelve . o'clock at n oon prec i se l y, for the purpose of declaring a D ivision of the Surplus of the Assur ance Fund of the Society, for the Five Years ending on the 31st of December last. And further notice is hereby given, that a Second Special General Meeting will be held at the Society's Office as afore y, on FRIDAY, the 30th dad e o l of confirming the se d a a t i ha o l f f lun ast e Tnwexotof'oclrotchkeppreucrisp Resolution which shall have been a gree d t o at such f i rst Special General Mteting, And further notice is hereby given, that any person who shall have been assured by the Society for Two whole years may, on production of his policy, and of the last rece , pt for the premium thereon, be present at such Special General Meetings. By order of the Directors. WILL lA 31 SAMUEL DOWNES, Actuary. . M R. and Mrs. GERMAN REED, with Mr. NatB'B. by M R. JO LIN PARRY, will appear in their new entertain ment, entitled A PECULIAR FAMILY, by William Brough. New scenery by T . and W. Grieve. To conc'ude S E a v t e u rY rda E y ve af ni r n e ß ;n' cons, at 3. ROYAL GALLERY OF with MUSICAL e ß x E ce C p O t L sa L t l u . r e d i a `l y ? ILLUSTRATION, 14, Regent-street 3 W lr e . d j n o e h s n & P y ar a rY ncl . Unreserved seats, is., 2s. ; stalls, 3s. ; still chairs, ss. May be secured in advance, without fee, at the Gallery. OPERA DI CAMERA, every Tuesday and Thursday at 3, and Saturday at 8. T H 6, OXFORD STREET, W. The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited). 66, Comic OPERETTA, by J. Offenbach, and the BROTHER AND SISTER , b y Sir Henry Bishop, will be performed during this week. Principal artistes : Signor Spagnoli. M. Marini, Mr. Green, and gr. St. Albyn. Misses Russell. Barrie, and Tyrol!, with full Band and Cho rus, conducted by Mr. F. Jonghmans. Comedy, by Mr. George Hodson (the celebrated Comedian and Mimic), Miss Kate Balte, Lea Freres TaMott, the Gro tesque, D'Aubans, Lea Freres Stonette, and Messrs. Duriah and Davis. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. This Evening at Half-past Scven. Admission —area, 6d.; stalls and balcony, 18.; private boxes, 10s. ocl. CIA NT ERBIT R "Y" . HALL. ‘—) Selvtions from meurTlA. and THE BROTHER AND SISTER, supported by Miss R.UsS L, Miss B j4fss (to. ; Messrs. ST. AL BYN, Green, Om, with Full Vand iind Chorus. Conductor, Mr. F. Jongmaus. Convtly by Arthur Lloyd, George Hodson, Messrs. Duriah and Davis, Miss Kate Ba;te, and the Grotesque D'AubaTis 110 DG E PO DGE.—Th's wonderful Illthion will be re peated for a short time lonQ•er. to enable coultry visitors to witness this most beautiful of the London exhibitions N.ll.—Visjtors to London during the seas n should not fail to see the above. MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION.— Established 30 years, at the Bazaar, Baker-street, London. Full-length Models of ihe late President LINCOLN, basely assassinated ; also President DAVIS. of the Confe derate States; the late lamented itICHARD COBDEN, Esq., and JOHN BllEGivr,Esq , may be seen at the Gallery. NEW ADDITION. —A full length Portrait Model of JOHN WILKES B )OTH, the reputed assassin of the late President Lincoln, taken from a likeness presented by him self to Mrs. Stratton, wife of General Torn Thumb. Open from II a.m. till 10 p.m. Admittance, One Shilling; Extra Rooms, Sixpence. ARGYLL ROOMS, Windmill - street, Piccadilly. PROMENADE. CONCERT, and DANCE every Evening. This admired Band, under the direction of Signor LUIGI CEJRTI, will perform at 9 o'clock a Grand Overture, at 11 o'clock a Selection from a favourite Opera, and a series of novel Dance Music till 12 o'clock. Open at half past 8. Admission. Is. Manager —M. GRENET. THE TEA ESTABLISHMENT. 4 and 5, KING WILLIAM-STREET, CITY, E C. REDUCTION OF 6D. PER LB. IN THE TEA DUTY. The PRICES of ALL OUR TEAS are this day REDUCED gd, PER POUN D. Our customers should order Tea at fd. PER POUND LESS than the price previously paid. We hope t o give IMPROVED QUALITY at the RE DUCED PRICES. June 1, 1865. RIDGWAY and COMPANY. TE E T H.—No Fancy Names or Advertising Chicanery. Fixed Prices, and all completed for the charges named-35. 6d., 5s , 78. t3cl, and the very best that can be made, on fine gold, at 10: , . ecli. A full set at Z 3 as good as those adverti se d at £. and £5; and the very best , that can be made, on flne gold, at Z;(1 the set. PArtial sets in propor tion. Stopping, 2s. 61. whilst waiting. Teeth remodelled, and every case attended to at fair but moderate charges, by Mr. ALBERT, Old established Dentist, 2 ; extractions, ls. Repairs effected - 4 . Great Russell-street, W.e. Con sultations free. . Greece, Russia, and Central Asia. of WhßriteisnhthEemFboas ports on the manufactures , re: —.. ix ture " of the countries ti ln on in e Irequired the Secretaries ,egations to furnish re tie Service; but, in tohmemruerlesce,oafntdheaDgriipclulo: they reside," it was envoys and ambassadors feorrtmimalesmwaenrneeinr, the e habit of combining a good deal of information on a of w l f e hi o s rm s ch such subjects with the political and personal de tails they transmitted to their Governments. Modern historians have very gladly extracted nume rous facts illustrating the social condition of Eng land in the 16th and 17th centuries from the letters of French, Spanish, and It a li an ministers ; our diplomatic co rres p on d ence of the last half toies, andthe cen tury we find few similar il lustrations of the condi tion of foreign natio n s. O ur representatives engrossed by one class of p style greatly assimilated th e i r despatches, wherever other. they might be written, to each lt would be very difficult to distinguish between a s o be ffi uem i edin al communica tion from Paris and another from Vienna by any " local colour" it contained ; but as it is nearly im possible to give any account of the commerce and agriculture of any country without revealing much of its social condition, we have, in fact, rather re verted to the ancient practice of diplomacy than esta blished an entirely new rule. We separate the com mercial and social facts from the and give them with a fulness of detail possible only in an age that has raised statistics to the rank of a science. Indeed, the s uperabundance of mate rial sometimes injures the effect of the reports. They require something at once less and more than tables of figures. As an illustration of what we mean, the reader will find the best reports in the present collection are from the countries of which the statistics are very imperfect or are im possible to obtain. Half-orientalized Greece, for in stance, is indifferent to the accuracy of figures and returns, which the nations of the West must have supplied at any cost. In the East itself such close reckonings are simply unknown ; yet the reports that give the most distinct - notions of the countries they treat of are those froni Greece and Russia, the descriptions of the cotton manufacture in the latter country leading on to details of the routes of com merce through Persia to Affghanistan. The present is the eighth series of these papers that have been laid before Parliament. It includes a report, by Mr. West, on the population, taxation, and agriculture of the kingdom of Italy ; by Mr. _Ward, on the finance of the Netherlands ; by Mr. Lowther, on the trade and commerce of Prussia ; by Mr. Barrow, on the commerce of Belgium ; and the sugar duties in connection with the beetroot ma nufacture of the article. In the great competition between the native and foreign product it appears that the beetroot sugar is getting the advantage of the colonies and the sugarcane. It is also noted, as one of the curious phenomena of the day, that a sudden demand for Continental beetroot sugar has grown up in England. Reports from Baden, Saxony, and Wurtemberg complete the series. The report of Mr. Rumbold, the Secretary of Legation at Athens, is brief, but exceedingly sug gestive. Its few pages tell a story of national decay that contrasts in the most striking manner with the position the ancient history and lite rature of the country occupies in the estima tion of mankind. The present population of Greeee is little more than 1,000,000; of these one - eighth belong to the class of agriculturists. About 40,000 are put down as shepherds, which, Mr. Rumbold says, argues little in favour of the material development of the country. They are classed as shepherds, but are well entitled to a much worse name. "They roam at large in the trackless wilds of the Morea and Continental Greece, and in times of trouble furnish ready recruits to the bands of brigands that disgrace the country." One of the chief industrial pursuits of the people is office-hunt ing. The number of Government employe's is ex traordinary, and always increasing. " The Go vernments which have succeeded each other since the late revolution have in many instances doubled and trebled the number of functionaries in various offices. In 1861 there were 42,680 boys attending school, and "few of these will arrive at man's estate without putting forward claims to such Go vernment employment." The pressure may be about commencing at the present time, and the Govern ment of King George has to sustain the onslaught of these 40,000 candidates. As to some other con fusions we must quote the language of the Report itself : " The entire superficies of the kingdom is reckoned at 46,429,000 stremmata stremmata are equal to an English acre), or 55,429 square kilometres. No general cadastral survey of the country has yet been attempted. The vine yards, olive grounds, currant plantations, &c., have alone, to some extent, been measured out and valued. It is thus impossible to know with any precision the cultivated area of Greece. The clumsy machinery of the dime tax, or tax of the tenth of the agricultural produce levied in kind, alone affords some means of arriving at a conclusion on the subject. Nothing can be more vague than the delimitation of property in Greece. Landed proprietors themselves are often at a loss to determine the limits or even the site of their property. A case recently came under my notice where the owner of a piece of waste land could not with any certainty ascertain its position. All he knew was that he was the owner of some ground situate between the Pnyx and the Hill of Philopappus ; and an offer of purchase made to him by a friend of archeological tastes, who wished to make excavations, fell to the ground in consequence of the inability of the proprietor to point out the exact spot. About one-third of the country consists of mountains and rocks. One-fifth is covered with forests, in which great havoc is yearly made by the wander ing shepherds, who ruthlessly set fire to the woods in order to obtain more pasture-land for their flocks. Probably one half of the entire superficies of the soil is available for culti vation, and of this hardly half has been turned into account. Yet with the climate and the richness of the soil the agri culture of Greece ought to thrive, while at present it is in the rudest, most hopeless condition. In order to reclaim it from its present state it will, above all, be necessary to alter the system of taxation and to construct roads. As one of the many instances of the bad effect of the want of commu nication it may be mentioned here that though the country is in many parts rich in forests, one of the chief articles of importation is timber for shipbuilding and other purposes." As to the quantity of the produce of the soil, there is the same doubt as in the question of the division of the land. There are no means of ascertaining the quantity of corn grown or the capabilities of Greece for supporting its population. No official statements are published by the Government. " Perhaps," Mr. Rumbold says, " the system pursued towards agri culture is felt to be so various as not to admit of open inquiry." All such investigations into the production of Greece are stopped by the barbarous land-tax, or dime, levied in kind. There is a Go vernment monopoly, bearing heavily on the whole. agricultural population, and putting a stop to any attempt at improvement. Yet, financially speaking, no tax can be more unsuccessful. The arrears of payment on the dime alone have been accumulating for the last 30 years, and now amount to 100,000,000 drachmas. The difference of the Greek cultivator and the results are thus summed up : " The agr , mlturist is being constantly undersold in the market by the Government sales of grain ; the want of roads so materially increases the cost of transport as to discourage all attempts at selling the grain at any distance from the place of production ; and it is a known fact that where thee would bo more than enough to feed the ontire popu lation, foreign grain imported from the shores of the Black Sea competes successfully with the native produce." Yet there is nothing unfavourable in the climate to account for the prevailing sterility. The soil has not been exhausted, but merely left unworked. Labour and the subsoil plough might yet regenerate the agri culture of Greece, as described in the following passage : "Notwithstanding the excessive dryness of the climate and the torrid heat of summer, the soil when turned up and only superficially raked as by the rude plough of the time of Hesiod, to this day used by the Greek husbandman, is gene rally found to be most fertile. A proprietor in Eubeea bought some land which had been under cultivation, but had been left fallow for some time previous to his purchase. Although contiguous to his former property, and the soil being to all appearance similar, the crops on his new acquisition wero much heavier, and yielded superior grain. When the causes of this difference were inquired into it was found that the former owner had cultivated madder or garanee,' a plant largely used for the dye of the nether habiliments of the far famed fantasim of France, and which requires a far more searching investigation of the soil than the superficial scratches which constitute the furrows of Greek husbandry. As in Eubcea, so in other parts of Greece. Even beneath the desolate stony wastes of Attica in many places lies all the wealth of a virgin soil. Remove but the hard sun-dried surface, and a rich brown loam will turn up, at sight of which the hearts of our English farmers would be glad dened. But nothing is done; no water is brought from the neighbouring ranges of Parnes and Pentelicus to refresh it ; no hand is raised to weed out the stones and cut down the rank overgrowth of evergreens and brushwood ; and all the year round the cold blasts from the north sweep over the dreary plain, and the pitiless sun pours down its scorching rays on a parched stony desert. The old myth of Duecalion is forgotten indeed." The effects of Turkish misrule and the ravages of the War of Independence may still be traced. By the destruction of the mulberry trees during that struggle the production of silk was almost annihi lated. It has very slowly recovered. In the half century that has elapsed since 1816 the quantity of silk produced has increased only to the quantity ob tained in the last year of the Turkish Government, or a little above it. On the other hand, the cultiva tion of the currant and tobacco is progressing. The prospects of obtaining a supply of cotton from Greece do not seem very hopeful. The valuable report from Russia, drawn up by Mr. Lumley, is limited to the cotton manufacture in that country ; but it incidentally throws much light on the condition of the class from which the workmen are drawn. The manufacture itself is a highly protected industry, and appears to require all that protection to exist. It depends on the importa tion of English machinery, and the exclusion of English yarn, but the employment of British skill and supervision. With these aids it produces an article from 35 to 60 per cent. dearer than the cot ton goods of European manufacture ; and notwith standing the almost prohibitive duties duties on the importation of foreign fabrics, amounting on some goods to 100 and 200 per cent. on the cost, they arc extensively imported. If the industry requires such artificial fostering and yet cannot compete with the foreign producer, why, it may be asked, should it have been established, or be still kept up ? But it has some results, not strictly commercial, that ap pear to compensate for the violation of the laws of political economy. The reasons are explained in the following passage:— "Although Russia is essentially an agricultural country, and in its true interests every effort ought to be made to develops its productive powers in that sense, there are valid Now ready, boards, price ls. 6d., HITS ; a Collection of the Best Tales contri buted to "Temple Bar," " Once a Week," " Cham bers's Journal," &e. By LEWIS HOUGH , M.A. With Two Illustrations by W. Schwench Gilbert. London : F. Pitman, 20, Paternoster-row, E.C. RUPTURES CURED BY CHANDLER'S NEW LEVER TRUSS. 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They strengthen the voice and lungs, relieve indiges tion, and are especially recommended to children for assist ing the growth, knd for promoting health and symmetry of figure Price 103. 6d. • - - - - All the above instruments are highly recommended by the leading members of the medical profession. Illuetrated catalogues forwarded. MR. H. P. CHANDLER, SURGICAL MECHANICIAN ; 66, Berners-street, Oxford-street, London, W. SCIENTIFIC AND ORNAMENTAL PRESENTS. ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, a id Dining-room, consisting of anew and e.egant assort ment J 1 VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Ink stands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &0., in Italian, Alabas er, Parian, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &a Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mine ralogist to her tlaiesty, 149, Stand, W.C.. London. Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of ROCKS. Ir INERALS, and FOSSILS, to illustrate the new edition of Lyell's Elements of Geology; they will greatly 'aellitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY and GEOLOGY, and can be had at 2,5, 10, 20, 00, to NO guineas each. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE• &ALOUY is given by Mr. T ENIKANT, at /4, Strand, W.C. CHELTENHAM. At Cheltenham the Hon. Colonel Berkeley, M.P., will ba opposed by Mr. Charles Schreiber, who has issued an address to the electors. Mr. Schreiber is opposed to a reduction of the franchise, and adopts Mr. Disraeli's idea of " lateral" extension ; he is opposed to the unconditional extension ; he is op posed to the unconditional abolition of church-rates, and announces his in n to " resist all attacks on the integrity and.Mrei -pendence of the Church of England, and on the Protestant principles so inti mately connected with the liberties which we 'enjoy." CIRENCESTER. A close contest is expected in this borough. The Hon. Ashley Ponsonby now retires, and Mr. Julian Goldsmid, nephew of Sir F. Goldsmid, M.P. for Reading (who has lately purchased Rendcombo Park), offers himself in the Liberal interest. The Conservative party bring forward, in addition to their old member, Mr. Allan Bathurst, nephew of Earl Bathurst, a second Conservative candidate, the Hon. Ralph Dutton, M.P. for South Hants, and a brother of Lord Sherborne. Both candidates have issued addresses to the electors. DEVONPORT. Sir Arthur W. Buller has resigned his candidate ship for the borough of Devonport at the coming election. The Liberal party are engaged in pro viding another candidate. Sir Arthur is to contest Liskeard, in the room of Bernal Osborne, who will be a candidate for Dungarvan. FIFE. As far as we have yet learnt no opposition will be offered in the county of Fife to the re-election of Sir Robert Anstruther, whose close attention to his Parliamentary duties and Liberal votes have given great satisfaction to his constituents. KING'S LYNINL Lord Stanley, in his address to the electors of this borough, briefly says that the confidence with which they have honoured him during a period of nearly 17 years encourages him once more to offer himself as a candidate. ItERIONETH. Mr. W. W. Wynne, the present member for the county of Merioneth, does not intend to offer him self for re-election at the forthcoming dissolution of Parliament, but his son, Mr. W. R. M. Wynne, has signified his intention of offering himself as a can didate in his father's stead. There being many Dissenters in Merionethshire, it is more than likely they will bring out a candidate of more Liberal principles. SHREWSBURY. Mr. H. Robertson having issued an address announcing his intention not to claim the suffrages of the electors at the next election, Mr. Win. J. Clements, a surgeon, has offered himself Rs a can didate. He appeals to his professional brethren for assistance in electing one of themselves. The army and navy, the law and the Church, are well repre sented in Parliament, but the medical profession has only one advocate in the present House of Commons. If some medical men had been in Parliament they would not have seen such unsatisfactory and useless legislation on that very important subject, the pub lic health. He will advocate those principles of civil and religious liberty and commercial freedom which have secured for the people their present great happi ness and prosperity. He will give Lord Palmerston's Administration a cordial but independent support. SIIROPSHIRE (NORTH). • Lord Albert Leveson Gower has issued an address to the Liberal electors. In it he says that if returned he will heartily support the Ministry of Lord Pal merston. The malt tax, he is aware, is felt by many connected with the cultivation of land as injurious to them, and he thinks that their views and wishes are entitled to consideration. The present law of church rates is unsatisfactory, and an undoubted grievance to many conscientious men, but in any legislation on this subject he considers that provision should be made for the maintenance of the fabrics of our Church. It will, in his opinion, be the means of strengthening the institutions under which we live if the electoral franchise be enlarged, so as to meet the advancing education and intelligence of the present day. THE STIRLING BURGHS. Mr. Caird has issued an address to the electors of the Stirling burghs. He says it will be his constant ' endeavour to promote those principles of Liberal policy which have made this country so eminently prosperous and contented. Edwin James in Custody on a Charge of Conspiracy. NEW YORK, May 31 The eventful career of Mr. Edwin James, ex-M.P. for Marylebone, has been diversified by another incident. Ho is now under arrest at New York on a charge of conspiring to defraud. The prosecutor is a young Irish lawyer named James Thos. Wilson ; and James is charged, in conjunction with a man named Henry Hayward, with conspiring to de fraud him of $1,400. In February of the present year the prosecutor arrived in this country from Queenstown. He brought with him £lB4 in gold, which, at the then rate of exchange, was worth nearly $2,900 in greenbacks. On the 9th March following he selected Mr. Edwin James, then practising as a counsellor at law at 293, Broadway, as tho most fitting person to consult upon the disposal of his money. James assured him that if the Yankees knew ho had such an amount of money in his possession they would rob him of every copper, and that the only safe course was to leave tho amount with him (James) for safe keeping. Wilson readily adopted the suggestion, went to his hotel for his money, and placed it in James's hands. He subse quently found a business he was desirous of purchasing, but on two occasions James persuaded him not to complete the transaction, promising to find him something better. One day, about the 29th of March, he was introduced by James to the second defendant, Hayward, whom James reps esented to be a man of large means and doing heavy business. Hayward himself stated that he had a soap ma nufactory and a Government paper-mill. The upshot was that Wilson, who seems to have bubbled over with confi dence, said he was quite satisfied with Mr. James's word, and, without inquiry, engaged himself to Hayward as salesman at a salary of $2O a-week, and a commis ion guranteed to amount to $4O more. In return for these advantages the man of large means and heavy busine,i required an immediate payment of $1,400, and Wilson re turned to James the deposit note he had taken when he left his money in James's hands, and authorised James to pay over the amount mentioned to Hayward. Hayward turned out to be a man who owned neither soap-factory nor paper mill, but had been associated with James in certain trans actions, and to all the prosecutor's applications for salary and employment, Hayward replied by refe rr i ng hi m to James, who, he said, had got the great part of the money. These facts were proved this morning before Judge Conolly, and the prisoners were hold for further examination.— Manchester Guardian. -1 jii rated ; the were man, ,usile l " 0 11°1 " oil [O O 1 . ale : illy, e L i a o , 2 %, ale l i g .; ale -"." Lae 15 toe : 0 6 : Ili