The Sun. — London, England, 1848-12-05 00:00:00

. 29 5y 2 . MED ~ 28 1 4 8% - 7% 10 1 4 38% 9 3 4 ~ 14 I• NM - 914 . 1173 A 14% 6 3 8% • '..... . 20,/ .... 25% 14 1 94 22% - . 8% 13 1 4 6% 25% 'PA 5% II II 2 VA 2% IAY•) , ze and amrica; ;s-shire, VilliL Adeline, , Prince kbervie, ind las h in. A Of And atO lust th fore- HO C' )2,0.f Doff to-day from S.W. to S.S,W. and W., during which several vessels lost anchors and chains, and proceeded to Rainsgate. The shipping rode very heavily with both anchors ahead, untl several of them drove. The vessel with which the Marshal Bennett, for Constantinople, :was iu collision was the Christiania, f, se New York ; the latter vessel is reported to have sustained but trifling damage 4.—lt blew a heavy gale at S.W. to la.st night, but m, derat e d a t ten t hi s morning. The Ciles i Alvyn steamer, for Leith, got in contact yes s...e-" day off Fla m b oroug h H ea d w i th the Fate, from nartlepool to Lynn, and received considerable damage, And has put back and is discharging; the latter sank; crew saved. YARMOUTH, DEC. 4.—The Zion's Hope, of Liverpool, Stettin to London, has been brought in here leaky, &c., laving been on St. Nichols Bank. The schooner Wil liam and Helen, of Newcastle, has been assisted in leaky, 4 ce., having been on the Lowcatoft shoal. The brig Theti s , of South Shield s , has eel - fie into the Roads very leaky, having been run foul of whilst at anchor. Mill, DRC. 4.—Wi n d W.S . W.—Th e C ors i ca, Mill, from New Orleans to this port, which put into Portsmouth new harbour in distress, cleared out 1 Ith ult. Arrd. Myth, Cotton, Buenos Ayr( s; Commerce, Curtis, Montreal; Durham, Fairbairn, ditto; Creatuore, Kemp, Paraiba; Constantine, New Orleans; E. Z., Hartshorn, New York; John R. Skiddy, Luce, ditto; Belleisle, Fraser, Boston; Keepsake, Gray, Montreal; Constance, ditto. Sli. Emily, Cape of G o od H o p e . Off po r t, Sarah Sands stea mer , N ew Y or k ; P aragon , M ontrea l ; avid Cannon, Devonshire. lowEsTosr, DEc. 4.—Wind, S.S.W.—It blew a heavy gale all last night at S.S.W.—The Moy, of and from Sunderland to Dunkirk, struck hard upon the Bar of Yarmouth Roads and became a total wreck ; master, mate, and a boy drowned.—The Osprey, Kirkaldy to London, has been assisted in leaky. Several vessels Passing through the roads, struck on the Newcome sand. ""-The William and Helen, of Newcastle, and the Nissal, of South Shields, received considerable damage, and pro ceeded for Yarmouth. D.anTmarru DEC. 4.—lt blew a heavy gale here last tight, but there has been no damage whatever. BIDEFORD, DEC. 3.—The Brothers, schooner, which Rot on sore on the northside, 28th ult.; has been got '4 and in here with damage. lbassToL, DEc. s.—The Queen Victoria, of and for P lymouth, was spoken yesterday in lat. 59, N. long.B W. 'Stith loss of rudder by the Tally Ho, arrived here. TIOLYHEAD, DEC. 4.—lt blew a hard gale last night from the S. W. attended with heavy rain, and now blow- ' hag fresh from W.S.W., but cloudy. BERWICK, DEc. 3 .—The Roseau, Myles, of and from -Dundee to Hartlepool, struck on the Goswick Sand Ridge last night, but is expected off with the tide. IRVERKEITRING, DEC. 2.—The Agnes, London to Alicia, got on the Bemar Rock last night, and this taorning filled; cargo is discharging. DuNDEE, DEC. 2.—The Medus, or Midas, of Belfast, apparently timber-laden, was passed 11th ult., in lat. 51 41 ., long. 38 W., completely dismasted and waterlogged, and with bowsprit and jibboom only standing, by the ast Powis, arrived here. VRAZERBURGII, DEC. 2—lt blew a hurricane hero last from E.S.E. DUNQA.RVON, DEC. I.—lt blew a complete gale here today from S.W. LIMERICK, DEC. 2.—lt has blown a complete Irani- L ane here for the last 36 hours, but all the vessels rode it out well. The Cornwallis, Newman, from Richibucto, etruck on Baal Bar, in en•ering the river. PALsiouTu, DEC. 4.—lt blew a violent gale of wind row. the south-west all last night, and veered at day light to the westward, when it moderated; the shipping all rode well. -PiamouTH, DEC. 4.—lt blew a hurricane last night 'Coln south-west. All the vessels rode it. out in safety. BONCILIIRCII, ISLE OF WIGHT, DEC 4.—lt blew a heavy Sale all last night, from W.N.W. to S.W. in squalls, in creasing in violence till noon this day, when it moderated. PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 4.--It blew a bard gale all last tight and this day at noon from S.W., with heavy rain, When it moderated, at six p.m., fresh breezes from W.S.W. INVERKEITIIING, DEC 2.—The Janet and Ann, from -Plotless to Hull, grounded on an anchor at the Ness, and kust discharge. JiL4.IIGATE, DEC. 4.—This afternoon it has been blow ing a heavy gale of wind from the south at seven P.M., store moderate. The Traffier, Brundessen, of Bremen, corn laden, was lost on the Dogger Bank, 30th ult.; crew saved. The Williams, Cooper, from Blyth, arrived in the r iver, w as i n contact w i t h a li g h t b r i g runn i ng d own with painted light sides; the former sustained consider able damage. - - - ---- XARKET NEWS -( THIS DAY.) COLONIAL. SUGAR.—The market for British Plantation continues T o ady, 360 hhds having been sold at previous rates. :u 0 public sales have com p r i se d 1,000 bags Mauritius "nd 1 500 bags Bengal, the former were only partially tattlised, at prices barely maintaining the previous value, low brown and gre y b e i n g disposed of at 28s t ..Bs° 33 s 6d, but the latt e r sold readily at 37s to - 6 d for low white Benares, at 32s to :33s 6d for low e , li civia and 33s to 39s 6d fir grainy brown and yellow, ; Q in!? steady prices. The quantity of British Plantation ?tided la s t wee k at t h e E ast an d W es t I n di a D oc k s was ' B6 hhds 87 tierces 157 barrels. There were taken for t ho me consumption 1,363 hhds 140 tierces 355 barr e l s . ne stock i n th e same p l aces i s 21 , 395 hhd s 3 ,134 t i erces, 3 93 6 barrels. usli.—The quantity landed last week at the East I . i - "`a West India Dock s was 61 p un' . There wore srl art for home consumption 387 puns 33 hhds, and exported 66 puns 116 hhds. The stock in the same Places is 21,303 puns 2,145 hhds. TALLow,—P.Y.C. is 44s 93 to 45s per cwt on the 'Pot, and Town 47s 6d. 11 „,E4.—Tho market is quiet. The deliveries are good. -rostAceo.—We had an improved demand for most 1 1 , e scriptions last month, and sales wc . Te nearly 1,50 . 0 hhds, The market presented no particular change in Ch aracter, and we have renewed our previous month's quotations. The apparently unanimous opinion enter tained! by holders in favour of prospective prices, has ot induced buyers to purchnee beyond their usual Supplies at this season, and hitherto there has been an absence of speculative transactions. Sampling of the new Jetport has made some progress. Kentucky strips hav e not the substance of last year's importation, but are mostly superior in colour; Missouri is superior to the previous year in colour, substance, and condition. Some parcels of Virginia contain a large portion of good and fine qualities, and as far as sampling has Progressed, has turned out much better, in every re spect, than was represented. For exportation, busi ness has been very limited; with the exception of two er three small purchases, taken for immediate ship- Izient, and 150 hogsheads taken for re-sale, the ba.rket h as b een quite neglected. Imports, 1,417 hhds. e liveries, 1,372 hhds, against 1,367 hhds in the cor „,te,sPonding month of 1847. St oc k, 28 , 950 hhd s, aga i nst t `,' ,8 04 hhds in 1847. In Virginia, sales have been 200 ;7, sp consisting of nearly equal quantities of leaf and - ,* 1.11) s- Leaf at 3id to 5, 1 ,-d, and strips at 4d t a ; 6 d ; good and fine descriptions, for spinning is - e r P°sea, may be deemed firm at previous quota re- 41 and slections of new, to a limited extent, "e taken at e a fractional advance on prices at the cor iN)onding period of last year. Mid and ord descrip ,l°ass for cutting purposes, have been ( ffsred at lower 1 ,300 • In Kentucky Leaf and Strips sales were hhds-1,000 hhds of Strips and 300 hhds bone d The previous prices have been well sup ioup‘eretreedn,t rates,but thsre has been no disinclination the part of holders to effect sales at nevertheless some parcels are held firmly obi an advance, which the owners speak confidently of 0 414141 - Havannah leaf has been much neglected in and fine of the market being almost bare of good the' thae sorts; and for ordinary descriptions, of which e „ . stock chiefly consists, there has been no demand for eo 4 Pertati an. In Havannah Cigars sales have been confi ned to favourite brands, at steady prices, and • 14 arY at l ow ra t es f or exportat i on. Middli ng an d oge4l sorts h ave b een neg l ected. Man i lla Cheroots l e more in request, and a trifling advance in some d e „, 4n ces was obt a i ne d. M an ill a L ea f h as b een i n l ess tn —a nd, and sa l es con fi ne d to selections b y the trade for Teclittte use. C u b a , th e tra d e h as purc h ase d spar taigtiY and as in nee d ; stoc k i s comparat i ve l y smal l , of goo d eole fi ne sorts, an d held firmly at full rates. Yara has No e Manded a slight advance for selections. Columbian st ead have been chiefly confined to best descriptions at aca a'Y prices; in mid and mixed parcels there has been h av ree lY anything doue. Shipments for a Foreign market and • eea made to a considerable extent. In Havanna li ta i t i e e af; St. Domingo, and Porto Rico, sales were very e ftec eu• Brazil has been in good demand at a trifling ade :• In German, parcels of fine have met a ready sale at full ' a te& Sales of mid and ord have been effected to a considerablel,..._ extent, at very low rates. In Amersfoort an d done. In Negro Head and Cavendish, of good d e L L fine d escriptions, there has been a steady and regular " ul d, at previous prices. SluaTere MAY PoIILEMETS. ditt ' IE LD--Meadow Hay, 21 10s to 31 14s; Clover lo a d ° . ' 3 /. l os to 41 14s ; and Straw, 11 2s to 1/ 9s per C u 4t moderate supply, and a sluggish demand. ele2ncereeserD.—Meadow Hay, 21 12s to 3/ lss ; 11 I v o " dittee, 3/ 8s to 41 13s; and Straw, 11 4s to „ iv , 5 Per load. vealrove7rlTdticttile,"3lL. Meadow Hay, Trade dull, at the above quotations. 21 lOs to 31 15s ; 8s to 5/ ; and Straw, 1/ 4s to 11 8s lead. Supply good, and trade dull. Th e C RNcisay.—(TH IS DAY.) Lincoln's Inn°, Lord A htandeellor sat in his court in the Old Hall, LOR D 0- ay. nr.. V. THE COP PER•MINERS COMPANY.— JUDGMENT. . s CRSe, vvhich cant& A.Lle L ORD n b N e C f E or L e LO l ß iim ga ti ve judgment to-day in this meat of the Vinc,-1 4-i tuled a demurree - -6 the defendants to the bill filed - •1-•s4w.4110 r po Knight n a P "' B e a r l u f e r e ° , m w t h h o e j o u v d e g r : 1 :7 the plaintiff. The cas e was only argued a short time ,i, l ice, and we then gave a detailed statement of the f ac t s. he bill was filed by the plaintiff, for the purpose of Preventing the defendants from vesting their property In trustees, with the view to the payment of the incum br ' • ances upon it. The Lrd oig at s,,,anae length into the case, o stated Chancellor, his opinion after g to be, n that the judgment of the Court below in overruling the de kurrer was wrong, and ordered it to be reversed. Demurrer allowed. , ATTORNEY -GE NERAL V. NIINRO.—JUDGMENT. -the L ORD C HANCELLOR also gave judgment in [this ease, which was also an appeal from the decision the V ice - Chancellor K n i ght Bruce, removing the ttefendant the Re v . M r. Munro, from being minister of a Scotch church at Manchester. Our readers will re the c a ts ll e gave a l engthened statement of the facts of when the appeal was argued in July last. The reverend defendant had, during th e un f ortunate differ !flees t h at had taken place in the Scotch Church, seceded fro m it and joined the Free Church, and on that ground the Ar ' ice -Chancellor Knight Bruc had ecided at, u nder the d ee d constituting the church, he d was not th a fit or evapetent person to preside over the congregation THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 5, 1848, assembling in it. The Lord Chancellor, after going shortly through the facts, stated hig opinion to be that th , '. Vice-Chancellor bad come to a right conclusion, and affirmed his judgment. Appeal dismissed wiih costs. WOOD V. WOOD. The further arguments on this part-heard appeal were then proceeded with and occupied his Lordship the remainder of the morning. ROLLS' COURT.-(THIS DAY.) Motions of no general interest occupied the Court the whole day. VICE CHANCERY.-(THIS DAY). (Before the VICE-CHANCELLOR of ENGLAND.) ATTORNEY-GENERAL V. THE EARL OF STAMFORD. The further argument in this part-heard cause occupied his Honour the Vice-Chancellor of England the whole morning. (Before the Vice , Chancellor KNIGHT BRUCE.) COWARD V. COWARD. His HONOUR, after disposing; of the several cases that stood on the paper to be spoken to, proceeded to hear the further arguments in this part-heard case. (Before the Vice-Chancellor WIGRAM.) EAST AND WEST INDIA DOCK COMPANY V. LITTLEDALE. In this case, which stood on the paper for judgment to day, his HONOUR ordered the motion to stand over till the Parsee merchants had put in their answer, or until further order. QUEEN'S BENCH.-(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Justice WIGHTRAN.) I)AUBENY V. PDIPPS. Tiais was an action to recover the amount of an at torney's bill for 4381., for services rendered to the Northampton, Lincoln, and Hull Direct Railway, in filling up notices and serving them on the occupiers of land. The defendant was one of the managing directors. The plaintiff, it appeared, had brought four actions against other directors fur the amount. The defence was that the bill was overcharged. The jury gave a verdict for 3001. LITERA TURE. THREE MONTHS IN POWER. Translate:el from the French of Alphonse de Lamartine. By H.. 1. Ryde. Our readers will find in, the present translatiota, the celebrated work of M. de Linnartine—the Trois Alois Aux Pouvoir, in which the statesman of the re volution vindicated his conduct and his policy as a member of the Provisional Government and of the Executive Commission. It presents, in 226 pages, au English version of the historical chapters, in which Lamartine refuted the calumnies promulgated against him by the reactionaires or counter-revolutionists. Mr. Ryde, already known by his admirable trarislis tion of the " History of the Girondists," has here re produced the " Three Months in Power" in his own language. In his own language, we repeat, rather than in that of the illustrious original. Predisposed as we were to be gratified on opening the volume., we are rieverthekss compelled, in justice to M. de Lamar tine, to say that the eloquence of his noble writings and orations has in this volume been sometimes di luted by negligence, and sometimes distorted by the most perverse misapprehension of his mean ing. We will show the correctness of our assertion by a few examples ; and we will select tbose examples by turning over the leaves at random. On reading the original " Letter to the Ten Departments ," we well remember the emotion with which we heard from the lips of the orator how the heavenly inspira tion of abolishing the punishment of death first des cended into the bosoms of himself and his colleagues. Now let us see how Mr. Ryde gives the closing sen tence in the description of that incident. "Never: shall I forget the moment when this proposal, ema nating from our hearts, was carried unanimously, amid throwing ourselves into each other's arms, we ex changed a long embrace." "Je n'oublierai jamais le moment ou, cette proposition sortie du cceur de totes et votee par tous, nous tombames dans les bras les tans des autres en nous donnant le baiser de vie I" The kiLs of life ! an expression so exquisitely felicitous at tha t moment is thus tortured into the inanity of " a long embrace." One of the most impassioned sen tences in the whole brochure is the one beginning-- " Pendant que je le pleurais, pendant que l'archeveque, (Re.," which is here dwindled into, " Whilst I mourned his loss,whilst the Archbishop of Paris, &c."—pendant que je le pleurais I Occasionally, it is true, tho diction of Lamartine is too daintily idiomatic to admit of a literal version, as where he concludes his re buttal of the charges of peculation with the trium phant—" .211. Buloz est la!" And which the trans lator expresses in the paraphrase—" M. Buloz is still in Paris." But at o th er ti mes M r . Ryd e ren d ers th e original in words of unnecessary feebleness. He terminates the " Reply to M. Edouard Dupont" thus, for example—" What are we doing now, gentlemen," &c., the fervid:exclamation of the statesman being— "Eh ! que faisons-nous done, messieurs, que fait aujourd'hui notre pays, si ce n'est la plus sublime de toutes les poCisies !" The most monstrous perver sion, however, that has arrested our observation in the whole book occurs in the sublime speech in which M. de Lamartine on the 24th of February asked how a firm and popular Government could be drawn from the chaos and floating elements of the Revolution— replying "En descendant dans le fond meme du pays, en allant extraire, pour ainsi dire, ce grand mystere du droit national." En descendant dans le fond mints du pays Mr. Ryde explains by " descend ing into the very bowels of the earth ! !!" A school boy could scarcely have made a more melancholy blunder. He might as well have said that Govern ments can be excavated from the pit of a salt mine. " By descending into the very bowels of the earth !" The book is unworthy of the translator of the " His tory of the Girondists." LONDON UNIVERSITY. LL.D. EiANINATioN, 1848. Carr, John Rodham, Manchester (New); Wood, Frederick John (gold medal) University. LL.B. EXAMINATION, 1848. FIRST DIVISION.—Garvey, Michael Angelo, High bury; Osier, Timothy Smith, University; Steere, Ed ward, University. SECOND DrisioN.—Smith Edward, Queen's (Bir mingham). EXAMINATION IN THE HEBREW TEXT OF THE OLD TESTAMENT, THE GREEK TEXT OF THE NEW TESTA MENT, AND SCRIPTURE HISTORY, 1848. CLASS L—Halley, Robert, University; Lee, James, Western; *Stephenson, William Rawson, University. CLASS I.l.—Bagshawe, Edward Gilpin, St. Mary's, Oscott; Fowler, Robert Nicholas, University; Sher ring, Matthew Atmore, University; Williams, Robert G ritfi th, University. N.B. SECOND EXAMINATION, 1 848 -EXAMINATION FOR HONOURS. PHYSIOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE ANATOHY.—Savory, William Scovell (gold medal), St. Bartholomew's Hos. pital, and Habershon, Samuel Osborne (gold medal), Guy's Hospital (equal, the award of the gold medal is not yet decided); Shelley, Hubert, Guy's Hospital, and Wilks, Samuel, Guy's Hospital (equal); Hooper, Daniel, Guy's Hospital.. Sonenre; —ShpHay, 11:-Tnhprh. (sehninrchip anrl war] medal), Guy's Hospital; Savory, William, Scovell (gold medal), St. Bartholomew's Hospital; Hooper, Daniel, Guy's Hospital; Wilks, Samuel, Guy's Hospital; Woosi forde, William Thomas Garrett, University College; Habershon, Samuel Osborne, Guy's Hospital; Gill, Wal ter Battershell, King's College; Evans, John Owen, University College; Palmer, Edward, University Col lege; Copeman, Arthur Charles, King's College. MEDlClNE.—Habershon, S.O. (scholarship and gold medal), Guy's Hospital; Hooper, Daniel (gold medal), Guy's Hospital; Gill, Walter Battershell, King's Col lege; Wilks, Samuel, Guy's Hospital; Sibson, Francis, University of Edinburgh; Savory, William Scovell, St. Bartholomew's Hospital; Palmer, Edward, University College; Shelley, Hubert, Guy's Hospital. MIDWIFERY.—Savory, W. S. (gold medal), St. Bar lolomew's -Hospital. Copeman, A. C., King's College. M.D. EXAMINATION, 1848. FIRST DIVISION.—Barnes, Robert, Medical School adjoining St. George's Hospital; Brinton, William, King's College; Browne, Henry, King's College; Parsey William Henry, King's College; Payne, Arthur James, King's College; Russell, James, King's College; Sibson, Francis (gold medal for his Commentary), University of Edinburgh; Smith, William Tyler, Bristol Medical School; Whittle, Ewing, Royal College of Surgeons in SECOND DIVISION.—Pyper, Robert Deverill, Mid dlesex Hospital; Randall, John, St. Bartholomew's Hospital. * Mr. Stephenson was reported by the examiners to have passed an excellent examination in all the subjects. AWFUL APPARITION. —On Tuesday, as a matron, in Huxter-row, was stirring up a goodly potful of kale, she was surprised to find her chimney take to.smoking i n an unusual manner, to the great detriment of the flavour of her soup. The nuisance continued to become worse and worse, till she began to conjecture that the w ind . had ssutoroedl y taken middlet o blowing offloor,erpengdeizciunlgaral. amazed and anxious, down came a mass of soot, an d . herthe Wh fireplace, lWhile she another, and another—some sweep had evidently mis taken the chimney which he had been employed to clean. She screeched out at the top of her lungs, but the soot continued to pour down continuously, and she was about to run from the house, when down came something she instantly recognised to be a living creature. Oh, hor ror! it was hairy, had sharp eyes which winked inces santly, and was black all over, except where it showed a set of teeth, which grinnedsavagely at the terror-stricken lady. It sat on the lid of the kale-pot, amidst a mound of soot, in a posture which resembled that which a hu man being might be supposed likely to adopt in similar circumstances. The old lady bolted, leaving the appa rition to preside over, her dinner, and when she disap peared the visitor jumped from his resting place and sprung among the shelves, where, in graceful order, the old dame's crockery had been arranged, and which he knocked down and smashed in a manner which it would have done Hugh Fraser's heart good to behold. The dame soon returned with assistance, when it was disco vered that the intruder was a monkey, kept by Mr. Smith, of the Crown Tavern, which had escaped from an attic window of his house, clambered along the roof, and slipped down the chiinney.—Akerdeen Herald. 'RAGGED AND INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS.-0n Friday evening a very large meeting of the inhabitants of the city of London was held at the Hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, for the purpose of assisting and pro moting the formation of ragged and industrial schools in and around the metropolis, and thus checking the great and lamentable increase of juvenile depravity. The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor took the chair. His Lord ship briefly expressed the gratification he felt at seeing the large hall so densely crowded, as it was a strong evidence of the interest the subject excited; and he sincerely trusted that the efforts they were about to make would be crowned with success. The Reverend Mr. Champneys proceeded to read the report of the committee, which, in strongly urging the necessity of some steps to promote the formation of ragged schools, mentioned the following instance :—" At Mile-end New Town a ragged school was formed in 1846, under the auspices of Lord Ashley. It was formed of a stable, cow-house, and a piggery, altered into one room at an expense of 1504, and capable of receiving 300 children. About 250 children go there, tho greater number of whom have been imprisoned or are utterly destitute. There are in the vicinity 1,327 children, only 145 of whom can read, and only 166 attend any school." The report then proceeded to detail a vari e ty o f cases o f privation and destitution ; a n d u r ge d, as a s t rong argu ment ment in favour of liberally supporting these schools, the enormous cost entailed upon the country by the prose cution of crime. In one case of a robbery and murder the coat of the prosecution was 1,3091.75. 6d., and during w s p a e s c j a , 1 4 c 3 0 4 n 1. 2 t i a s b s l . e d s . t ; a v t e h s e s f e o r u n l i 6 t e d m s e u t m r o s p b o l e i i t n a g n su pa ffi r e is ie h n e t s the period o f t h e l ate C hart i st distur b ances, the cost of to maintain Leven largo industrial schools for one year. Several clergym en an d gent l emen then addressed the meeting, and resolution s i n su p por t o f t h e appea l ma d e to the public were un an i mous l y agree d t o , an d t h e meet ing, which was both numerous and respectable, sepa rated. A very fair li s t o f su b scr i pt i ons, g i ven s i nce the publication of the appeal, was announced in the course of the evening. TESTIMONIAL TO A CLERGYMAN.—A service of plate has been purchased by subscription in the town of Great Ya rmouth, for pr esentat i on to t h e R ev. H enry Mackenzie, M.A., for some time vicar of that parish, but who has recently been presented by the Bishop of Lou don to the Incuaße of fit. Marlin's-in-the-Fields, THE RECLAMATION OF WASTE LAND IN IRELAND. LETTER I. TO THE RIGHT HON. LORD JOHN RUSSELL, M.P. My Lord,—ln again proposing to address your Lordship upon the reclamation of waste lands as one of the best means of alleviating the social condition of Ireland, I think it would be more becoming if in this first letter I were to refer to the observations which fell from your Lordship in the House of Commons on this important subject. Yeur Lordship laid down the formidable objection to the proposal That Government should employ the People with your usual clearness; that proposition which Sir Robert Peel would have taken a mortal hour to announce your Lordship disposed of in a sentence : "It was unwise for the State to afford employment to the people, because such conduct interfered with the private employment of labour." But I venture to submit to your Lordship and to the country, that the enunciation of that principle had nothing to do with the subject before the House, ex cept indeed it had been the herald of an argument showing that it was essentially necessary for a wise statesman to adopt this pernicious principle in the present condition of Ireland. Had such been your Lordship's intention, then indeed the assertion of the correct principle, and an exposure of the evils attendant upon its violation, would have been a most graceful exordium to a proposal for the adoption of so dangerous a remedy. Your Lordship is well aware that the adoption of a dangerous remedy is by no means an unusual prac tice with master minds. The physician often restores the patient to health by the application of the most subtle poison. A Lawrence or a Brodie never want the moral courage to say to the friends of a suffering patient, we recommend such a remedy although it is of a most dangerous character, and is contrary to the usual practice of the profession ; we cannot be certain of a successful result. You see the deplorable condition of your friend —say, shall we proceed ? And this is just the difference between a statesman and a red tapist—the latter contents himself with quoting some wise saws, and leaves circumstances to work out a cure, or a death, as the event may prove, perfectly careless of the misery which is experienced in either ease—provided, forsooth, he has not violated the rules of political economy; while the sagacious statesman knows no other rule than to apply the best remedy to the existing circumstances of every case. Passing over Napoleon's opinion of the ruin which would inevitably attend a country governed by poli tical economists, every day's experience proves the correct estimate the late Dr. Arnold formed of their character—he termed them " One-eyed men," and " One-eyed men" they have undoubtedly proved them selves to be upon this, and every important, question. The difference between the statesman and the political economist is this—the former lays down rules of action for each particular case, not consi dered in relation to that case alone, but on a wise view of its extended ramification ; the latter lays down general principles, the adoption of which he forces into each case, totally regardless of their effects upon most important objects. Hence the truthful ness of the appellation, " One-eyed men." A more apposite example of the gaucherie of these " One-eyed men" could not possibly be given than the very case under consideration. They say it is ad mitted to be unwise for the State to afford employ ment to the people ; and, therefore, the State must not afford employment to the people in Ireland. The statesman admits in its fullest extent the truth and the justice of the proposition—that it is unwise for the State to afford employment to the People— but he points to other elements which lead him to the inevitable conclusion that it may be most wise for the State to afford employment to the people in Ireland ; or, more correctly speaking, to the people in certain parts of Ireland. Those elements arise out of the Poor-law—for the people of this empire have determined that the first charge upon all property shall be a provision for the poor, right or wrong, and in defiance of all conse quences, this is the determination of an immense ma jority of the people in Great Britain. But this principle applied for the first time to a country situated as some parts of Ireland are, neces sarily involved the interference of the State ; and, at this moment, the State is in some unions distributing the property of individuals towards the relief of the poor—as glaring a violation of the abstract principle of the duty of a State as it is possible to contemplate, and yet one essentially necessary. This duty Having been forced upon the State, the question surely is, what are the best means of perform ing it, with reference to the present emergency and to future consequences? The political economist says, feed the people in idleness, because one of our rules will be violated if you employ them ; but the reply of the statesman carries conviction to every mind—we are sorry to be i t v h e a n t % whenit h u forced woobliged to employ the people ; but we have been to e ai s i o a d i e f m l" n e r a afizd ls e g , a better condition of things shall arise, and work ca n ik ee peopleth erabread, l b, be had, they will refuse it. Who but " One-eyed men" would prefer feeding people in idleness, to giving them work in exchange for food ? But, independent of the fact that Government have been compelled to become the distributors of food, there are other important considerations which would render it most wise for the Government to disregard the saws of the " One-eyed men," and these shall be the subject of another letter. I have the honour to remain, my Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient servant, RIGBY WASON. COURT CIRCULAR. OSBORNE, MONDAY. Her Majesty and the Prince Albert have taken their usual walks this morning in the grounds. The younger branches of the Royal Family have taken their accustomed exercise. Lord and Lady John Russell left Osborne this forenoon for Southampton, in her Majesty's yacht, the Fairy. Lo - rd George Lennox is expected to arrive this afternoon. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary arrived at their residence at Kew yesterday,' from Brighton. The state apartments in Windsor Castle are open gratuitously to the public on Mondays, Tuesdays, 'Thursdays, and Fridays. The Lord Chamberlain's tickets may be obtained whom in London, gratis, o f M essrs. Paul and Dominic Colnaghi, printsellers, 14, P all-mall East ; Mr. Moon, y printseller, 20, Thread nee dl e -street; Mr. Mitchell, bookseller, 33, Old Bond- s t reet ; Messrs. Ackermann and Co., print tellers, PG, St rand ; Mr. Wright, book seller, 60, Pall-mall. O Tfohreyone Penn each. available Of for also Guide not t rans f era bl e, and i t is contrary o ne week from may the dayo s they 'a c ommand that payment for, or in reference to them, be m a d e , t o any per son whatever. The hours of admission to the St a t e A partments laree ebtickets obtained, t st o ua nhd r d r Majesty are, from the ]st of April to the 31st O c t o b er , be tween eleven and four, and from I s t N ovem b er to 31st March, between eleven and three. Mr. Bernal, Mr. Hodges, with some gentlemen, forming a deputation from Rochester, had an interview with Sir George Grey yesterday at the Home-office. Air. H. A. Herbert, M.P., had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Mr. Pressly, Secretary to the Board of Stamps and Taxes, had also an interview yesterday with the Right Hon. Baronet, at his official residence in Downing-street. Lord and Lady John Russellreturned afternoon to Pembroke Lodge , Richmond Pa r k, f rom her Majesty's marine residence, Osborne, I s l e o f yesterday Wight. The Right Hon. Fox Mau le, Secretary at War, and the Hon. Mrs. Fox Maule , have arrived in town from Scotland. INSURANCE ASSOCIATION FOR THE INSURANCE OF IRON SHIPS AND STEADI-BOATS. — WC understand that in consequence of the refusal of underwriters to insure iron ships on equitable terms, the iron ship proprietors and others interested in the manufacture of iron vessels, have determined to institute a mutual insurance com pany, to be called the London Liberal Insurance Asso ciation, for the Insurance of Iron ships and Steam-boats, for the purpose of effecting mutual insurances on iron ships, vessels, and steamers, on such a basis as must be satisfactory to all owners of iron vessels. Mr. Thomas C. Gibson, of Gracechurch-street, has prepared a set of tables for this purpose, and in a short time we hope to see the " London Liberal Asiociation" in full operation. DREADFUL FlRE.—Last night at a late hour a conflagration took place in the Hackney-road, Cam bridge-heath, by which one house with its contents were destroyed, and another nearly so. It originated in the shop of a linen draper, and although only a few minutes elapsed before several engines h a d arrived, the fl ames had spread with such rapidity, that in two hours the de struction was complete. Both parties are fully insured in the Royal Exchange and Guardian offices. The loss sustained is about 500/. WEST RIDING ELECTION. — Mr. Denison was to have addressed the section of electors of the Sheffield polling district last evening, but was prevented from carrying out his intention by an attack of the gout. POST-OFFICE NOTlCE.—Yesterday notice was issued at the General Post Office, St. Martin's•le- Grand, that mails would be made up this morning, th e sth inst., for Minorca, Palermo, and Naples, to be conveyed by her Majesty's sloop Rosamond. Letters Is. 6d. the half-ounce, and so on. Newspapers to Minorca free ;to Naples and Sicily 2d. each. All correspondence, &c., to go by this vessel must be specially addressed "By her Majesty's steamer, Rosamond." Robert Houdin, we understand, resumes his enter tnir,men~s a: Ja..-2es,'s Theatre e ar l y i n t h, en suing week. During a stay of some weeks in Paris he composed and perfected a variety of new and most ex traordimary experiments THE RAJA OF SATTARA. A Letter to the Right lion. Sir John Cam Hothouse, Bart., ALP., President of the Board of Commis sioners for the Affairs of India. By Rungo Ba pilee, Vakeel of his highness Shreamun Shako° Maharaj Chuttraputtee, Raja of Sattara. Honourable Sir, 1. Considering the emphatic manner in which the Times very lately deprecated the further discussion of the Sattara question, the appearance at this moment in the columns of that paper of an elaborate article upon the subject, awakens a suspicion that it is made use of as an official organ, and that the article alluded to is put forward to prepare the public mind for the subversion of the Sattara dynasty, and the seizure of the principality by the British Government. It becomes my duty, therefore, to lose no time in point ing out to you—and through you to the British public—the gross misrepresentation of facts, and the unwarrantable inferences with which that statement abounds. 2. The author studiously conceals the motives which induced the British Government to espouse the cause of the Raja of Sattara. It is necessary, there fore, in order to a right understanding of this case, to show, upon the authority of official documents, that instead of being influenced, as Lord Wellesley was, by motives ef " pure benevolence," when he restored the Raja of Mysore, the British Government was actuated by motives purely political, when they re solved upon restoring Pertaub Singh, the Raja of Sattara, to his rights as a sovereign Prince; that his authority was set up in opposition, and as an effectual counterpoise, to that of the then inveterate enemy of the British Government, the Peshwa. 3. It was after the capture of Seringapatam—after the death of Tippoo, when his power and that of his dynasty had been completely prostrated—when the war had ceased—that Lord Wellesley, from motives of " pure benevolence," restored the Raja of Mysore to the territory of his ancestors. It was when the Peshwa was still in the field with a formidable army —when the war was in full activity—when his fol lowers were still staunchly attached to him, that the restoration of Pertaub Shean, the Raja of Sattara, was considered by the British authorities as the surest means of putting a stop to hostilities, and of conciliating the Mahratta people to the new order of things which was about to be established. 4. " Next," said Mr. Elphintstone [Vide Par. Pa. pp. 497, 8] (when addressing the Governor- General, Lord Hastings, upon the policy which it would be prudent to pursue upon the subversion of the Peshwa's power), "Next to maintaining such a force as shall prevent all thoughts of rebellion, the best measure of securing the tranquillity of the conquered country, is to conciliate the people—the Mahrattas—by setting up the Raja of Sattara." . . . " Your Excellency's instructions left me the choice of giving him a jageer or a small sovereignty ; and I was induced to adopt the latter plan for various reasons. At the time when I had to decide, the Mahrattas showed no disposition to quit the Peshwa's standard; and it appeared not improbable that the dread of the complete extinction of their notional in dependence, and still more that of the entire loss of their means of subsistence, from the want of a govern ment likely to employ them, would induce them to adhere to Bajee Row with an obstinacy that could never have been produced by affection for his person or interest in his cause." 5. In accordance with these opinions were those of Sir Thomas Munro, who, when writing to Mr. El phinstone on the 19th March, 1818, [Vide Life of Sir Thos. Munro, vol. 3, p. 237] dwelt upon the importance of setting up the Raja of Sattara against the Peshwa. "I am anxious," he says, "to hear that the ceremony of placing the Raja of Sattara on the Musnud has been performed, because it would pro bably hasten the termination of hostilities, and the settlement of the country." "He should he required to summon Bajee Row (the Peshwa) and his princi pal chiefs to his presence, and in case of their not obeying, to proclaim Bajee Row and all who adhered to him rebels." . . " The orders of the Raja of Sattara will, I have no doubt, be received both by the chiefs who have already deserted, and by those who wished to leave him, as a full justification of their conduct; and those orders will, I think, have a considerable effect in intimidat ing even those few chiefs who are really attached to Bajee Row, and in inducing them to forsake his standard ; and it might likewise be advisable to send them to the kelladars of all forts, commanding them to surrender." 6. This opinion of Sir Thomas Munro is of parti cular importance, as marking the difference between the cases of the Rajas of Mysore and Sattara; for that distinguished statesman had warmly remon strated with Lord Wellesley against the restoration of the former Raja [Life, vol. 2, Appendix I]. "No political advantage can be gained," he said, "by dragging the Raja of Mysore front obscurity, and placing him on the Musnud, un less we suppose it to be one, to divide only a part of the country, in order that we may, by excluding the Nizam, extend our own influence over the rest." " The military power of Mysore is broken, and the remnant of it, together with the inhabitants of the country, have neither the means, nor in general the wish, to see the family of the late Sultan established in the government of any part of his dominions." 7. A proclamation was, [Par. Pa. p. 905] in conformity with Sir Thomas Munro's sugges tion, issued by the Raja of Sattara, calling upon " all jageedars, and others, to withdraw them selves from Bajee Row" (the Peshwa), and not to hold any correspondence with him, and warning such as should disobey the injunction that they would be punished by the confiscation of their lands. 8. It is past doubt, then, that it was in furtherance of their own political interests that the British Go vernment espoused the cause of my late Sovereign, Pertaub Singh, that it considered him at the time as a most important political card, upon the skilful play ing of which depended the successful issue of the enterprise in which it was then engaged. But for the agency of the Raja hostilities would have been protracted, the settlement of the country rendered difficult, and the affections of the Mahratta people alienated. In no sense of the word, therefore, is it true, as stated by the Correspondent of the Times that the Sattara territory " was conferred gratuitously upon the family by the British Governmcnt." 9. The Correspondent of the Times labours to prove that my late Sovereign, the Raja of Sattara, Pertaub Singh, had no pretensions to the character of a Sove reign Prince, restored to the dominions of his ances tors, and treating on an equality with the British Government. " Sattara," he says, " was no longer an independent sovereignty, but a subordinate part of the British dominions—a fief, as it were, of the British Empire in India." Now, Sir, in a proclamation [Par. Pa. p. 1153] which Mr. Elphinstone issued on the 11th February, 1818, when the war was still raging, are these words :—" The Raja of Sattara, who is now a prisoner in Bajee Row's hands, will be released, and placed at the head of an INDEPENDENT SOVEREIGNTY of such an extent as may maintain the Raja and his family in comfort and dignity." In the very first letter by Mr. Elphinstone to the Raja, under date the 13th September, 1818, [Vide Official Papers, p. 16] were these words : " The Governor-General in Council will settle the affairs of your HiGnxEss's TERRITORIES to your satisfaction ;" and only a few days afterwards, viz., on the 26th September, 1818, [Par. Pa. p. 556] the Governor-General signifies to Mr. Elphinstone " his entire assent to the force of those considerations which induced you to extend the original objects of the estabishment of the Baja of Sattara in an INDEPENDENT SOVEREIGNTY, and the consequent enlargement of the territory to be con ferred on that Prince." 10. Here, then, is the distinct recognition of the Governor-General of the act of his Agent in establish ing the late Raja of Sattara as an an INDEPENDENT SOTEREIGN. 11. " We should be accused [Par. Pa. p. 272-4] (says Sir James Carnac, when speaking of the pro posal to subject the Raja to a trial by a Commission formed of Company's servants), of degrading a Sove reign from his acknowledged rank, and offering vio lence to his feelings and dignity, and of assuming a right of superiority to which we have no claim. In fact, I know of no mode by which one State can ar raign for trial the Sovereign of another State !" Over and over again, and by all parties and authorities, is the Raja acknowledged as a Sovereign Prince. It is in vain - therefore, now, to serve your own purposes, in the face of solemn treaties and solemn acknowledg ments, an attempt is made to strip him of his sove reign rights, and to deal with him as a dependent. 12. In accordance with this general recognition, is the preamble to the treaty concluded just one year afterwards, viz., on the 25th September, 1819, which runs thus : " Treaty of perpetual friendship and alliance be tween the Hon. East India Company and his High ness Maharaj Pertaub Singh (Chuttraputtee), his heirs and successors, concluded at Sattara, the 25th September, 1819, by Capt. James Grant, Political Agent, on the part of the Hon. East India Company, and Wittul Punt Furnawesse, on the part of the Raja, by virtue of full powers from their respective Governments," by which it is proved, that in respect of character, my late Sovereign, the Raja Pertaub Singh, did treat with the British Government upon a footing of perfect equality, His consenting, as other Native Princes have done, that certain restrictions should be placed upon the exercise of his rights as an independent Prince, did not deprive him of his cha racter as a Sovereign Prince, and degrade him into a feudatory of the British Government. 13. By this treaty the character of the Sattara State was changed, just as the treaties with Oude, Hydrabad, and the Nizam, changed the characters of those States. All those States consented to a curtail ment of their rights as independent Princes, but none of them lost the character of Sovereigns; and so far from the British Government having, when this treaty wag formed, received the late Raja kertaub Singh as their feudatory, it actually replaced several of the large feudatories of the Mahratta Empire under him, as their legitimate and ancient Sovereign. 14. The Correspondent of the Times labours to prove that the treaty with the Raja was made in a hurry, and that the British Government did not ex actly know what they were doing. "Indian treaties," he says, "are seldom framed with clearness and pre cision, as documents of the like kind in Europe ; they are frequently drawn up in the times of war and con quest, when there is littl e l e i sure f or the calculation of future contingencies, and combinations not k.imme diately to be forese en ;" an d i n or d er t o proYC his point, he does not scruple to antedate the treaty by more than a year. The standard o f S eeva j ee , h e sa y s , was hoisted on the walls of Sattara on the 10th of February, and in September, the Sovereignty was established by a formal treaty. Uninformed readers would naturally conclude that there was only an interval of eight months between the two evants, and as there were eight months of war, that the treaty had been got up in haste. 15. — Unfortunately for the Correspondent of the Times, the proof is transparent that this treaty was made with particular deliberation and care. "The Raja," said Mr. Elphinstone, on the 18th June, 1818, [Par. Pa. p. 498] " is desirous to have a treaty con cluded with him, but there is no urgency in the case, and I shall therefore await your Excellency's instruc tions regarding it ;" and the treaty was not in fact concluded until full 15 months after this date, viz., on the 25th September, 1819, and that all its provisions might be clearly understood by both the contracting parties, Captain G ran t Duff, the Resident, informs Mr. Elphinstone on the 30th of September, of that year, [Par. Pa. p. 502] " that previous to its ratifica tion, he had delivered to the Raja the Mahratta translation of the draft of the proposed treaty, and requested that his Highness would deliberate for a day or two upon the several articles. I saw the Raja daily on the 23d, 24th, and 25th, and was seve ral hours with him at each interview. I explained and talked over every part of the treaty, and listened attentively to every thing that was mentioned during the conversation." It was not, then, in the hurry of war and couquest, but after mature deliberation, and after every effort had been made to prevent any mis understanding as to the real nature of the engage ment, that the treaty was ratified by the contracting parties. 16. The Correspondent says, that the meaning and intent of the treaty is, " to create a Sovereignty for the head of the ancient family of Sattara, which shall be held during the lifetime of the reigning Raja, and pass by inheritance to the lineal descendants in perpetuity, unless forfeited by misconduct, or lapsed from the failure of issue to inherit. In the event of there being no heir to become a successor, then the treaty comes to a natural termination, and the state lapses to the general empire ; and if the obligations attached to the Sovereignty are not fulfilled, or are broken, then the treaty becomes annulled, and the state is forfeited." 17. Before I examine the validity of the interpreta tion which the Correspondent puts upon the treaty, you must allow me to submit to you a rule for inter pretation of treaties with the native powers of India, which was laid down by a statesman (Sir John Mal colm) who was more engaged in framing such treaties than any other diplomatist in India. "It belongs," says Sir John Malcolm, "to good faith to interpret our treaties with consideration to the sense in which they are understood by those with whom they are contracted. . . . " We can, I think, have no right, except under the most positive and clear breach of treaty, on their part, to go in any shape beyond the spirit of engagements, except on occasions when the public peace of the country under our general protection is threatened in a degree that calls for a change of rule, as a matter of positive necessity, in order to preserve tranquillity in our territories, and those of others." " I mean, however, to exclude from this omission that right which has been often assumed, with respect to our own views of the comparative benefit which the inhabitants would enjoy under our rule from that which they enjoy under that of their native Princes. I am not, from my experience, prepared to admit this result, as a general position to be founded in truth." 18. The first article of the treaty cedes the terri tory of Sattara to the Raja, his heirs and successors in perpetual Sovereignty. When this covenant was made the British Government was perfectly aware that, as a Hindoo Sovereign, the Raja had not only a right, but that it was a positive duty for him to adopt a son, in failure of heirs of his own body. Nothing, therefore, short of a positive stipulation in the treaty, making the adoption of a successor contingent upon the consent of the British Government, could have barred his right of adoption. The treaty contains no such stipulation; the right was therefore inherent in him, and he exercised it. _ _ 19. But the Correspondent of the Times asserts, that, "it is the invariable practice of Western India, and, indeed, so far as it can be traced and defined, of all India, that an adoption, involving succession to a principality, or any territorial estate, shall be invalid, if made without the previous consent, or subsequent recognition of the Sovereign, or Lord Paramount." And he says, " that precedents may be quoted under the Governments of Gwalior, Indore, Baroda, and Sattara itself." There can be no question that this is the established law, as between Sovereign and Feu datory, and acting upon it, my late Sovereign, the Raja of Sattara, Pertaub Singh, invariably dictated the terms upon which he would consent to sanction the succession of adopted sons to the fiefs which were under his sovereignty ;* but to make these precedents applicable to the Sattara territory, it must first be proved that the Raja stood in the same relation to the British Government that the feudatories of Gwalior, stood in towards their respective Governments ; and unless the Correspondent of the Times is prepared to prove (which he does not attempt to do), that all the Princes in India, who have engaged by treaty to hold their territories in subordinate co-operation with (not to) the British Government, are merely its feudatories, his reasoning is beside the question. 20. I have shown that my late Sovereign the Raja of Sattara, Pertaub Singh, was distinctly recognised as an independent Sovereign, and that he was treated with in that character. That it was the intention of the British Government to put him precisely on the footing with the Princes above alluded to, is placed beyond doubt by Mr. Elphinstone, who, when dwel ling upon the youth and inexperience of the Raja as reasons for placing his territory under the control of a British Agent, observes : " The Government ought, however, to be emancipated as soon as circumstances will admit of it, and to be placed on the same footing of independence as our other allies."t The reasoning, or rather the assumption, therefore, of the Correspon dent of the Times, goes to strike a deadly blow at the rights and independence of every Sovereign Prince of India. If, as the Correspondent asserts, "it is open to the British Government to acknowledge or reject the adopted son of my late Sovereign, the Raja Per taub Sheen, as the heir to the throne, according to the dictates of expediency and of sound policy," then it has the same right to bar the adoption of the Niaam, of the King of Oude, or any of its allies. I need not, Hon. Sir, remind you, that there is no right which both Hindoo and Mussulman are so jealous of, or hold so sacred, as the right of adoption. 21. The Correspondent of the Times says, that a " remarkable case occurred at Baroda, where the adopted son of a deceased Guikwar inherited all the private property, but the succession to the throne passed to the brother, because the adoption was not recognised by the British Government." This would indeed be a case in point—as the Guikwar stands precisely in the same relation to the British Govern ment as the Raja of Sattara—but as the Correspondent is silent as to names and dates, it is impossible to cope with him on it; Colaba, Nepanee, and Mandavee, which he quotes, were not Sovereign State! ; what was done with them has therefore no bearing upon the question. 22. The Correspondent of the Times then boldly asserts, that if the adopted son be passed over, there is no party who stands in the relation of heir to the Raja lately deceased; what then means the treaty which cedes the territory in PERPETUAL SOVEREIGNTY to the Raja Pertaub Singh, his HEIRS AND SUCCESSORS ? If the Raja had died the day after the treaty was ratified, his brother, his nearest blood relation, would ' have been heir under the treaty ; or if the brother had died first, his cousin-german would have become the heir; and by what law can the son of th a t cous i n, who is now living, be set aside ? If he is passed over as the adopted son of Pertaub Singh, and if the adopted son of Appa Sahib be set aside, he, the nearest blood relation of the late Pertaub Singh, being first cousin once removed, i s th e undoubted heir i t blood. 23. The treaty does not confine the succession to lineal heirs, the heirs are general in the English treaty, but in the M a h ra t ta treaty, wh i ch was alone communicated to the R a j a , th e terms are most com prehensive. But the words of the English treaty are comprehensive enough. If it bad been intended to confine the success i on to li nea l h e i rs , th a t limita ti▪ on would have been expressed in a treaty, which was made, as I ha ve s h own , with particular delibera ti▪ on, and with a full knowledge of "future contingen cies and combinations." There is no such limitation expressed under the treaty, and " there being an heir" that solemn engagement does not " come to a natural termination," and even though it should have been proved that " the obligation attached to the So vereignty had not been fulfilled, or had been broken," the treaty does not, as the Correspondent asserts, " become annulled, or the state forfeited." For the first article of the treaty concluded with the Raja's brother, Appa Sahib, on the 4th September, 1839, runs thus :-- "All articles of the Treaty of :Sattara, dated 25th September, 1819, which are not abrogated by this ''' Vide, Par. Pa. pp. 540, 1,2, and 3, Correspondence regarding Punt Sucheo. f Letter to Lord Hastings, 18th June, 1818. Par. R A F . W. Supplemental Treaty, are hereby confirmed.."— —[Vide Par. Pa. p. 1154.] :Che first article of that treaty of the 25th Seips7n ber, 1819, which cedes the territory of Sattara to the Raja of Sattara, his heirs and successors in perpetual sovereignty, not having been abrogated or modified by the Supplemental Treaty, that article stands in full force, and cannot be evaded, or set aside, without a shmeless breach of faith. !24. If the British Government should pronounce e cathedra that the adoptions made by both the late Rajas of Sattara were invalid, such a decision would only STRENGTHEN the claim of the next heir by blood. Should they pronounce ex cathedra, that the blood of the late Raja Pertaub Singh was tainted by h :s alleged treason, the sentence cannot affect the heir of the late Raja Appa Sahib, with whom you man. the last treaty. . 25. That , Sir d ames C arnac himself considered the treaty of 1819 : 1 g pledgog the British Governm en t to continue the suCs.cssion tne heirs general of the Raja Pertaub Singh is proved by his language, when deliberating upon the measures which were to be taken upon the deposition of that Prince. " Deposing the Raja, but maintaining the integrity of t he Sattara state, according to the treaty of 1819,. , in the person of some other member of th e family, ' [Pt a. Pa. pp. 274, 5] was the course that he resolved to pursue. " Having therefore determined to adopt the last of the three courses, it became necessary to dett rmine in whose favour, and under what conditions, the lapsed sovereignty over the Sattart: state should be confirmed : with regard to the person RS I hav e bei7ore incidentally remarked, there was no el:1°k! ; for in fact there was only one person on whom the ii*:" vestiqure could be conferred, namely, the Raja's brot her." Why so, it, as the Correspondent of the Times asserts, the meaning and intent cf the treaty "was to create a Sovereignty for the head olf the an cient far.tily, which shall be held during the ijetime of Ole reigning Raja, and pass by inheritance to his lineal descendants in perpetuity, unless forfeited by misuonduct ?" 26. If the territory had been forfeited to the Bri tislot Government by misconduct, you had a right to give it to whom you pleased; but Sir James Carnac admitted that he "had no choice," that you were bound to give it to the brother. Why so? One brother was not a lineal descendant of the other. Your treaty did not bind you to give the territory to the lineal descendants of the house of Seevajee, or to the lineal descendants of Pertaub Singh, but to the Raia Pertaub Singh, his heirs and successors : there wa no choice, therefore, because the brother was the ne:rt heir ; and according to Sir James Carnae's own admission, there would still have been no choice if (tbe Raja's brother having previously died) the Raja's first cousin had stood in that position. Turn which w ar you will, the treaty grasps you ; either you must openly break it, or fulfil it. Shuffle out of it you cannot. 27. The Correspondent of the Times also asserts that " after a long and patient investigation it was finally resolved in the Councils of the British Go vern ment, that the Raja should be deposed." That Sir James Carnac deposed my late Soveriegn, the Re ja, is a melancholy fact; and if the Correspondent means to assert that the ex-parte evidence by which it was attempted to establish the alleged charges against my late Sovereign, the Raja, was procured by long and protracted inquiries, and that Sir James Caraac at length resolved upon deposing the Raja after such an investigation, I do not question the truth of tlbe Correspondent's assertion; but if by the ex pression " a long and patient investigation ," the idea is intended to be conveyed, that the accused Raja was allowed to be heard in his defence against those charges, or permitted to adduce evidence to disprove the t, and that the resolution of Sir James Carnac to depose him was founded on a long and patient inves tigation of his defence, I utterly deny the correctness of the Correspondent's assertions ; indeed, this single sentence from Colonel Ovans's dispatches will dis prove the bold and unfounded statement : " It is to be recollected, also, that up to this time the Raja has no clear idea of the evidence which has trans pired against him."—[Par. Pa. p. 444.] 213. This sentence was penned by Colonel Ovens on the 15th of November, 1838, just one year and nine days; after the close of the pretended investigation into the Raja's conduct. He had no idea of the evi -1 dense which had transpired against him, because when he applied to Colonel Ovens to redeem the solemn promise which he had made, to furnish him with that evidence, he was informed, that the evidence was strictly secret, and could not be communicated to any pereon whatsoever." [Par. Pa. p. 367.] I venture to commend this fact to the particular notice of the British Government. 99. I have shewn, in opposition to the assertion of the Coirespondent of the Times, that as the treaty does not limit the succession to heirs by direct de scent, his ,next heir in blood, Shahoo Raja, the son of his first cousin,is the real heir to the vacant throne, heir by blood to the late Raja, Pertaub Singh, heir by blood to In: 1 successor, Appa Sahib. The infer ence is obvious, That the British Government cannot, without a sharnele.:s breach of treaty, seize upon the territory of Sattara, which they ceded in perpetual Sovereignty to the heirs s and successors of the Raja of Sattara, an heir to that hat: se being now alive. I have the hollow' to be, Hon. Sir, Your obedient humble servant, (Signed) RUNGt - ... ) BAPOJEE, Vakeel of his Highness Shahoo Aia.haraj Chuttra puttee, Raja of Sattara, now at J3enares. 9, Blandford-place, Regent's Park, October 31, 1848. REPRESENTATION OF LEOMINSTER.-LEOMINSTER 7 HEREFORDSHIRE, DEC. 3.—The announcement in the London papers of the appointment of Mr. Barkly, one of the members for this ancient borough, to succeed Sir J. Light, as Governor of British Guiana, has taken the electors of this retired spot quite by surprise. Mr. Barkly has been for some time absent in the West Indies, where it is understood that he has some rather extensive possessions, and his personal acquaintance with the constituency of Leominster has been ezceed ingly limited. The electors aro very reluctant to be:icy() in the fact of the appointment, looking to the circui:l - that Mr. Barkly has not been a supporter of tho present Government; so that up to this time no steps have been taken to provide a successor in the represen tation of the town. —LEOMINSTER, MONDAY NIGHT. —The announcement of Mr. Barkly's appointment to a Colonial Government has brought two candidates into the field—Sir Edward Lytton Bulwer, and Mr. Peel, the second son of Sir Robert Peel. An active canvass will be immediately commenced by the friends of these gen tlemen respectively. SAINT MARTLEBONH PARLIAMENT.—WooIsack, Lord Dudley Stuart.—The proceedings in vestry of the young House of Lords continue to be faithfully reported i❑ the Observer. The Observer also regularly reports the vestry proceedings in the Saint Pancras young House of Commons—Rev. Dr. Date, Speaker. The Observer of Sunday, 3d Dec., gave upwards of five of their columns of particulars of the atrocious murders at Stansfield Hall, and, in a Second Edition, the Committal of the Murderer. The extensive publication of the Observer commences at six on Sunday mornings; Monday Edition, best for the country and abroad, is published Monday afternoon, at four o'clock. The establishment of the Observer is equal to that of all the other Sunday papers put together. So far as regards editors and reporters the Observer is on an equality with that of nearly all the daily newspapers. There is scarcely a club-house, institution, library, or news-room in all England, Scotland, Ireland, the Continent, East and West Indies, &c., in which the Observer is not taken in, and frequently duplicate copies. THE ROYAL LOCENAGAR WHISSEL—Poets, from Anacreon of old, down to his modern namesake, Toni Moore, have sung the praises of " Ruby Wine," but had Anacreon known the taste of the Mountain Dew, or sat himself down with a steaming glass of whiskey toddy as his companion, we question if oofd h e e tsh; w eb o m u uat ld lith n fe o o t rp h trh a ae v i s e jeus f i e ,:of l o t inclined grape, in substitute tu h t i the s glo glorious whiskey have been sung too, and foremost, by one of the cleverest men of mod e r n times—the la te Dr. Maginn. r W ig e h l t l w d o o rt w hy e wreacsotlhleecthis theme for ele the employment verodetowhisk of his inimitable and s inimitable talent. Excellent as was the ode to which we allude, we think the Doctor would have surpassed him self had he been fortunate enough to have tasted " The Royal Lochnagar Whiskey," which is beyond a doubt the choicest specimen of that glorious spirit we ever put to our lips—and we consider ourselves no mean judges of the article. Whiskey is universally admitted to be the purest and most wholesome spirit that a man can drink. Compare the sickly gin-bibbing Londoner, with the ro bust whiskey-quaffing Highlander, and the effects of the two spirits are self-evident; the one is the liquor " which cheers but not inebriates," the other is " slow poison," as it is but too frequently retailed. Not but what it is a difficult matter to obtain good whiskey, hence, having tasted the genuine article, we can strongly recommend it; for delicacy of flavour, softness, exquisite bouquet, and purity, it cannot be surpassed; and those who would enjoy the cosy hours, and sip a royal liqueur, w ill do well to try the " Royal Lochnagar Whiskey," which derives its title from the following incident: , --- During her Majesty's recent excursion to Aberdeen, she visited the celebrated Lochnagar Whiskey Distillery, of Messrs. Begg and Buyers, where she tasted the true " Mountain Dew," and so highly did it meet with her approval, that she commanded a puncheon of the pre cious spirit to be forwarded to Buckingham Palace, giv ing also her patronage to the distillery. This puncheon, consigned to the care of Messrs. Whiting and Roberts, Church -street, Mill-bank, Westminster, (the sole con signees of the Royal Whiskey) has duly arrived, and is now placed amongst the other " choice spirits" in. the Royal cellars, and we will engage, from the sample we have tasted, there is " not a headache in the hogshead." Era. FEAT OF STRENGTH.—A few days ago one of those not uufrequent creators of alarm in the streets, au over-goaded cow, escaped from her drivers, and was plunging madly along, when a tall, handsome High lander, of the name of Macrea, a gamekeeper with Glen morriston, happened to pass. He at once threw himself before the enraged beast, seized her by the horns, tumbled her, and held her firmly pinioned there till the drivers came up, and effectually secured her with ropes. This feat of strength excited the astonishment of many an 011-100kers—InvernessCourier. COMMON PLEAS.-(THIS DAY.) LEADER V. PURDAY. The COURT gave judgment in this case, which has reference to the amount of the copyright of the music of estal.—The Court discharged the rule for anew trial. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. (THIS DAY.) (Before the ASSISTANT JUDGE.) The December General Sessions were opened this morning at the Court House on Clerkenwell-green. The number of prisoners, exclusive of those on bail, is about 110, being somewhat about the average. Henry Barton, aged fourteen, was convicted of stealing three pairs of gloves and two printed books, value threepence, the property of John Ditcham, from the person of Sarah Ditcham. The ASSISTANT JUDGE, iu passing sentence ob served to the jury, that he could only say this unfor tunate boy, who had been repeatedly convicted and im prisoned to obtain a refuge, and a chance of reformation in the asylum at Parkhurst, because he had lived from a tender age to that of fourteen in, vice. He assured them that he was not joking. No child would be admitted into Parkhurst unless he was above fourteen years of age, of stout build, a good constitution, and a confirmed rogue. With a view to the prisoner's removal to Park hill st, the Learned Judge sentenced him to transporta tion for ten years. The other cases tried this morning were of a trivial character. SURREY SESSIONS—( THIS DAY.) (Before THOMAS PHCKLE, Esq., and a full Bench of Magistrates.) IViNam Faulkner, 19, John Bullen, 24, and John Juratt, 25, were indicted for breaking into the dwelling house of James Brogdin, a grocer, at Cobham, and stealing therefrom a quantity of hams and pigs' cheeks. The prosecutor is in the habit of curing and drying hams in a room adjoining his shop, and on the night of the 2d ult. he lucked up the place safe, leaving nine ham s and eight pigs' cheeks hanging up. On the following morning be discovered that bis place had been broken into, and all the property stolen. He called in a con stable, who found that the thieves had gained an en trance by trespassing through Rose Farm, the property of Harvey Coombe, Esq., and that they then climbed on to the top of the house and removed the tiles. Foot marks were discovered, and impressions taken therefrom, and the prisoners having been seen abaut the premises on the night of the robbery, suspicion attached to them, and on the night of the 3d they were taken into custody at the , Three Pigeons, King's Ditton. Their boots were taken off and compared with the footmarks, and they were found to correspond exactly. A lad who had been in their coin puny also stated that he saw Faulkner a few days prior to the robbery in Mrs. Cooper's meadow, when he pointed to an old tree and exclaimed, "I have plenty of property inside that, and I intend to have more there before long." '1 he witness informed the constable after the robbery, and the tree was searched, when the whole of Mr. Brogdin's property was discovered. On Butlen was found a new handkerchief, which had evidently been used in conveying hams. The whole of the property was produced and identified. Mr. CHARNOCK addressed the jury on behalf of the prisoners, and the jury found thew Guilty. The CHAIRMAN said that it was a most daring rob bery, and as they appeared such desperate characters, the law would not be doing its duty unless they sent them out of the country. The sentence of the Court was, that they be each of them transported for seven years. A NEW PACKET SHIP. The William LI. Harbeek, a new ship of 1,500 tons, arrived from New York during the past week, and, in point of excellence of material, symmetry of mould, or general equipment for the trade for which she is intended, we may with safety place her on a par with any vessel extant. She was built for the owners, after one of whom she is named, by Messrs. Perine, Patterson, and Stack, of New York,whose names will be familiar to the public as the constructors of the Jamestown, the Enterprise, the De Witt Clinton, &c., &c., in fact of a fleet of ships that cannot have failed to have established their names as first class naval architects. The American measurement of the William 11. Harbeek is 872 tons. Her length over all is 175 feet; length of keel, 160 feet; her beam, 36 feet; and the depth of her bold , 23 feet. Her exterior appearance presents all that nobility observable in vessels of her t class.the water-line she a i s fine a s s 13 v‘ , e w d h g i l e e ; forward, butt, l oa below she has a full overhanging bulwark, which gives her great capacity on deck, and tends to keep her dry. Her car rying properties are fully proved by her having brough . t to this port a dead weight of 1,460 tons. Her speed in sailing must cause her to rank as " a clipper." ()yang to the great increase of emigration to the United States, vessels latterly constructed have been provided more amply for the accommodaticn of passengers; and the William H. Ilarbeck has certainly been made in every way subservient to their comfort. The upper deck is wall sheltered by a lofty bulwark. and forms a splendid promenade. The 'iween decks are 7 ft. 10 inches in height, are well lighted and ventilated, forward, by a hatch running down to the keelson, which, when occasion re quires, will carry the whole down. draught from the fore sail completely through the ship—aft, by numerous apertures running to the main deck. In connexion with this passenger apartment there aro four hatches, with houses to protect them from the weather. The second cabin is built on deck ; adjoining is the galley and the passengers' cooking ranges, but protected from any accident from fire by iron bulk-heads. The main cabin, though not particularly large, is handsomely fitted with pilasters of satinwood, inlaid and relieved with rosewood and zebrawood, the plinths of black marble, and the caps dead white and gold, and inter spersed with panels of the same material. The ceiling, or quarter-deck flooring, is white and gold; but throughout the vessel the general aim seems to have been more at substantial and comfortable excellence than gingerbread decorations. The strength of this ship is, for a merchant vessel, somewhat uncommon. Her guard-board streak is six inches thick, and is bolted horizontally into the keel. The outside planking is wholly of white oak and yellow pine. The main and lower deck knees are of great strength (ave raging 22 inches at the throte), and well fastened. The deck staunchions are below kneed to the keel, and are bolted through large iron roove plates to the decks, which give her art extraordinary strength. The water ways are 16 inches square, and immedietely above them the thickness of her timbers and planking of her sides exceeds two feet; in fine, nothing that material could contribute has been neglected. The William 11. Har beck is built expressly for one of Mr. John Taylor Crook's line of packets from this port. She is com manded by Captain Robert Shinn, who, we hope, will long enjoy the handling of so noble a craft.—Liverpool Mercury. LONDON BAKERS' ASSIZE ASSOCIATION.—Last night, at seven o'clock, a meeting of master-bakers, re presenting various districts of the metropolis, was held at the London Coffee-house, Snow-hill, tor the purpose of receiving the report of the committee appointed to draw up a circular for distribution among the members of the trade, in order to adopt measures for obtainirg uniformity in the price of bread throughout the metro polis. Mr. Edwards, of Shadwell, was in the chair, and briefly addressed the meeting, stating the course which had been adopted by the committee since the pre vious meeting of the association. Mr. William Brookes, the secretary, read the circular. It was finally resolved that the circular should be distributed. Gentlemen who represented St. Pancras, Kingsland, the Eastern Union, &c., made their report, and it was stated that some emi nent millers had promised their co-operation and contri • butions. Thanks were then voted to the chairman, and the meeting separated. THE SMITHFIELD CLUB CATTLE SHOW.—The arrangements for the annual exhibition of cattle, agri cultural implements, and produce, brought forward to compete for the prizes awarded by the Smithfield Cattle Club, was yesterday finally completed. Yesterday, at noon, was appointed by the stewards of the club, as the latest hour at which any specimens for competition could be received, and both in point of number and general appearance (symmetry, and not outrageous fatness, being now accepted by the judges as the criterion of excel lence), they far exceed the exhibitions of former years. His Royal Highness Prince Albert has contributed some fine specimens of the Scotch breed in the cattle classes, and is also a competitor in the sheep and pig classes. Daring the day his Grace the Duke of Richmond (the President of the Club) inspected the specimens, and ex pressed himself much gratified with the superiority of the collection. With regard to the show of implements, the entries considerably exceed those of former years, and it is stated that many new and valuable improve ments, in aid of agriculture, will be submitted. riMP