The Sun. — London, England, 1848-05-16 00:00:00

7.claan .rooqle7id f-ea"" LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF QUEEIV9-BENCH, May 15. (Sittings in B anco.) BAKE• This was an action of seduction. The plaintiff ens a toll-keeper. The y oung woman assisted him in that business until after she beeame pregnant, when abe resolved not to let her condition be known to her father, and she left his house under the pretence of getting a situation, but in reality she want to Exeter And afterwards to Exmouth, and was kept part of the time by the defendant. She was afterwards aban doned by him, and reduced to the greatest distress ; eras left entirely without assistance, and must have :starved, but that she at length wrote home, and her mother went to the place where she was and took her sway, but not to the father's house, but to a neigh bour's cottage, and there she was confined, and her father paid the expenses of her confinement and maintained her and the child. The present action was then brought. The cause was tried before Lord Chief Justice Wilde, in the summer assizes of 1847, when these facts having been proved, his Lordship said that the daugh ter went away voluntarily, and so put an end to the ?elation of master and servant ; that she was brought 'ack, and not put in her father's house, but in that of another person ;• so that it must be taken that the relation of master and servant was put an end to by mutual consent, and, consequently, there must be a arsuit. A rule had since been obtained to set aside ibis nonsuit and have a new trial. Mr. Crowder and Mr. Holdsworth showed cause against the rule, and contended that no loss of ser vice, as a consequence of the seduction, was shown ; that the case was nothing more than that of a servant choosing to quit her place, and that as she left of her own accord, and while she was able to perform all the duties she had ever rendered to her father, the de fendant could not be charged with having occasioned loss of service ; and, consequently, the father had not suffered such an injury as enabled him so to inaintain.an action. Mr. Sergeant Kinglake (with whom was Mr. Greenwood) in support of the rule was stopped. Lord Deivatax said that it was unnecessary to hear the plaintiff's counsel. There was no doubt as to the general law, but the question here was whether the facts of the case fell within its operation. Both sides *greed that there must be a loss of service in order to found a right of action. The only question raised here was whether there had been a loss of service truly attributable to the seduction. The Court thought that there had. It was true that the young woman went away voluntarily from her father's house, and that no physical inability to perfor m her ordinary services occasioned him the loss of them. But he lost them in consequence of her having been seduced ; for but for that seduction she w ould not have left her father's house, but would have cont inued to render him her accustomed services. The Ceurt was therefore of opinion that there wa s some evidence of the kind required, and that evidence ough t to have been left to the jury. The rule for a new trial must, therefore, be absolute. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION -110 USE. A lad who appeared to be overwhelmed with grief, was charged with having attempted to destroy him self in the Thames. It was proved that the prisoner requested a man - who was lying along on a seat in one of the recesses of London-bridge, to move a little, and than mounted the parapet, and after striking his breastlwo or three times, apparently in great mental agony, precipitate himself into the water. If it had not been for W. rockwell, a waterman, who was passing in his boat at the time under the bridge, the unfortunate lad, who was not more than fifteen years of age, must lame been drowned. The prisoner, who was deeply affected, said he sincerely repented the offence of which he had been guilty, and declared that nothing should ever induce him to make an attempt of the kind again. The sympathies of all present were strongly ex cited by the brief history of the poor boy. He had been for some time in the employment of a respect able working-jeweller, who had a very high opinion of his integrity, shrewdness, and talent, but his mother was cursed with the love of the gin-bottle. She had, however, never disgraced him by calling at his em ployer's house until the day on which he afterwards plunged into the river, and then she made her appear ance in a st ate of intoxication and with a very much disfigured face at the place in which he was perform ing his duty. He went home at dinner time, and found her in the same dreadful condition. He could mot eitt a morsel, and full of apprehensions that her vice would not only increase, but that his employer would suspect he might be induced to act dishonestly by one who had shown so bad an example and throw him upon the world, he was mad enough to deter mine to put an end to himself. The boy's master said he placed unbounded confi dence in the prisoner, and was convinced that he was proof against the authority of a bad example even in tie conduct of a parent. The father of the prisoner confirmed the account given by the employer. The mother, too, was present. Her appearance bore testimony to her alleged habits, but she said nothing. She, however, looked as if she was shed ding tears. The boy was handed over to his bene volent master. GUILDHALL. A respectably-dressed young man, named Charles Smith, was brought up for final examination, on the charge of obtaining money under false pretences from Mr. Samuel G. Gurney, the banker, of Lombard street. The particulars of the case having been again gone into, Horsford, a constable belonging to the Itlendicity Society, said he had known the prisoner for about four years as getting money by means of false_ pretences. Alderman SALOMONS asked the prisoner what he bad to say in defence ? He replied that he came over from Paris with a view of obtaining a situation as a clerk, but not succeeding in his object, he became anxious to get into one of the normal schools as a master. For that object he went to Mr. Gurney, and that gentleman said he would see what he could do, and desired him to call at the house in Lombard street. He did so, and met Mr. Gurney coming down the steps, and while so doing he dropped a sovereign, which he (prisoner) picked up and offered to him. That gentleman said, " Never mind—keep it friend," and he did so. Alderman SALOMONS said there was little doubt but the prisoner had been carrying on this trade of decep tion for some time past. Every chance had been given bim to prove that he was a respectable indivi dual, but he had tailed in doing so. The sentence of the court was that he be imprisoned for the space of two months. Mr. Gurney said, that before he departed it would b e as well for the public to know that a woman was at present going about obtaining money under similar pretences. He merely mentioned the fact to place people on their guard. SOUTHWARK. iod in Lord Huntingtower attended at this : court io for the purpose of making the following . His Lordship, addressing Mr. Cottingham, with a said that some time since he became acquainie gentleman awned Jackson, who at the question was staying at an hotel near town.; that one morning about twelve months ago he called up on Mr. Jackson, who had a watch in his possession a which he was desirous of disposing, and asked him if he could find him a purchaser, adding, that as he did not require it, he (Lord Huntingtower) could then take it away with him to town for the purpose ; that he acquiesced with the request, and, accord ingly, had the watch, which be brought away with him; and that it had remained in his pos session ever since. Within the last day or two, however,it had come to his knowledge that Mr. Jackson had propagated a report that he (Lord Huntingtower) had come improperly by the watch ; and, as there was not the slightest ground for such an insinuation, he had, therefore, brought the watch there with the intention of leaving it in the care of the chief clerk until the owner called for it. Mr. COTTING HAM, in reply to the application, said that the watch could not be allowed to be deposited there fop such a purpose, but that Lord Hunting tower had better still keep possession of it until the owner came forward and claimed it. The magistrate then inquired if the owner had applied for the re storation of the article since he first gave it into the Po !ession of hi s Lordship ?—Lord Huntingtower saidani that about six weeks ago he saw Mr. Jackson, they had so me conversa tion on the subject, but be had Mr. _o not seen him since that period. TTlNnuest said that if Mr. Jackson called at the court he would explain what had taken place there. Lord Huntingtower then left the court. EXTZACEDINART FACT IN NATURAL HISTORY On Wednesday, as the 'ke e pe rwas going his rounds t h ro ugh Wellington cover, c lose Th o mas W. Clark, Esq., Derd ale. in this county, he s tarted a bird which he supposed to be a hawk—fired, , he disocoodvcock. On retracing and killed it. It turned out to be a w , apparently to his great his steps a short distance ntly about a surprise, four young woodcocks week old, running. through the cover. Not able .to find a male bird anywhere in the locality, being took the quite contented they are yeen co l ntented young ones to Mr. Clark's residence, where being reared. At present they seem with their situation. They resemble the in form, but of course the beak is much youn g has always been hitherto supposed that the woodcockper It *Awed abroad; and such an occurrence as that here rela te - itas` rtelter been p r eNi.,usly known in this part of t he adult 47t.. cottntry.—Hereford Times. to ,while th e ,:,-- The Behest steamers bring Glasgow r , Paupers at is. a head , an d children at 6d.; amte vesses charge the parish that sends them b ;Waal ai l ed. for adults, and Is. 3d. for children. ack to STATE OF TRADE. FOREIGN WOOL TRADE, LEEDS, MAY 12.—There has been no apparent alteration in this market, either as re gard sales or prices since our last week's report. We expect, however, to see more business doing when the present London sales are brought to a conclusion. ENGLISH WOOL MARKET, LEEDS, MAY 12.—We have not any change to report this week. Combing wools remain dull sale; and the tendency of prices is down wards. There is rather more doing in middle qualities of clothing sorts, at last week's rates. TRADE OF LEEDS.—The markets at the cloth halls have this week been about the same as last, but there continues to be more goods delivered out of the halls. and although the quantity of goods coming in from the country makers has been larger than of late, the stocks in their hands do not accumulate. Prices remain steady. There continues to be a moderate demand for goods for the home market, and the foreign houses are now doing more than they have been doing of late, On the whole the tone of trade is improving. TRADE OF MANCHESTER, THURSDAY EVENING The favourable appearances that showed themselves last week have disappeared, and that altogether, and prices obtained a week ago are not now obtainable for either goods or yarns, both of which are now selling on lower terms than ever before known, and which, if continued, must be ruinous. This retrograde movem ent may, how ever, be safely attributed to the very unexpected news relative to the blockade of the Elbe and other rivers, and which it is thought will not be long continued, as in any event, a few weeks arrangements will no doubt mall e for sending by another route. At present, howev, German trade is at a stand—even bales at the carriers as well as those at Hull, have been stopped from being forwarded. The Americans are doing c onsiderably, in rather valuable goods. The Greek houses are gra dually resuming their former shipments. For India and China a moderate but not a large business is doing. To show the ruinous rates at which some spinners are s elling ing yarns, it may be stated that a large lot of yarn, 18 Nos., has been sold at 51d. per lb. TRADE OF NOTTINGSAII.—The cut-up cotton hose trade in the town has retrograded a shade further, but not to an extent to be mu ch felt; this has caused a dis pute to take place be tween f ra mes ma ster stockiger who employs a number of cut-up f ra mes and the workmen, who have struck, and to such heat is this carried, that a paper war has commenced, both parties publishing ral br h a a n vi ch ng continues hand-bills. The drawer, pantaloon, and shirt branch has also rather retro g raded, and some few hands are ain without work. The g gl e o n v e glove again hands " p r etty good," tr employ ment, and there are some few frames to let. The wrought cotton hose appears gradually declining, but w i t h ou t that intense distress we have witnessed in some other parts of the manufacture. The bobbin-net trade, it is more generally admitted, is a shade better, though som e of the German houses have become half ;tagnait. We hear of more lace hands coming from the interior of France, whilst a few others are returning to Calais by so licitations of their former emp loyers. The warp lace trade throughout is in a most lamentable state, but is iimmiptarotvioinngkinnitctoinaga.rse strong articles, particularly in the TRADE OF LEICESTER.--There is more confidence in thoughth e home our market, both f or worste d an d cotton goe d s , as far as tradei is concerned—the orders from America , comparativelycheerful aspect small, yet on tbeing carefully given , have put a m ore our trade. Worsted yarns are still heavy of sale; but little is doing in wools , and prices are in favour of the stapler. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 16, 1848. THE CONDITION OF FARM LA BOURERS. There is a club in Essex, called the Aveley Farmers' Club, composed of individuals who have something more in view than the protection of their own i dnivi dual interests. They have an eye to improving the con dition of the agricultural labourer. and Heaven unless knows, he is in a deplorable plight at prese nt ; some thing be done for him, instead of a hardy race of English peasants, we shall soon have a puny, sickly people, without a particle of iron in their composi tion, eat up with scrofula, and a prey to all the diseases to which flesh is heir. What do the Aveley farmers mean to do in order to improve the condition of the labourer. The task is a difficult one. In the first place, he has been reduced to pauperism. The Squirearchy boasted that the peasantry were paid, or should he paid, according to the market price of corn. When the price ran down the scale, down also fell wages; but when the price ran up, wages did not follow. It was a hollow pretence to say that men were paid wages agreeably with the price of corn. By degrees, the poor hard-working clod hopper was robbed of his labour wages ; and then, to complete his misery, the bastile was erected by the instrumentality of the very same class of men, to receive hies and his family, after they had been made paupers by their accursed system. A member of the Aveley Club observed "There were three objects which he considered espcnially calculated to claim the atten tion of the meeting, and of all those persons who, from their circumstances or position, possessed ,the power of promoting them. The first of these was the im portant benefit which would accrue to the labouring man, if those farmers whose capital enabled them to enlarge their business would, instead of extending their occupation, employ it in additional labour; for, by i this means, they would materially reduce the poor-rates, increase their profits, and add to the general production of the country; for it by no means followed, as a matter of course, that an increase in the number of acres compre hended an increase of business, since daily experience would show that there is frequently as much labour employed on some farms of two hundred acres as on others of double the number. Another means whereby the condition of the labourer might be exceedingly improved, would be the providing for him a comfortable cottage, with a garden attached to it. 'On this subject,' said he, I can speak most feelingly and from experience, having been in the habit of visiting as many as 70 cottages in a day, and I am convinced that nothing is more calculated to demoralize the labouring classes, and render them unhealthy and unhappy, than the present crowded and miserable condition in which whole unifies are frequently huddled together in one or two small, badly-ventilated, and ill-lighted rooms, without re gard either to age or sex. The poor man is thus driven to seek at the beer-shop that comfort or relief which he ca*. not fled at home; he is there exposed to the example of men of bad character, loses his self-respect, becomes reck less of himself and indifferent to the welfare of his family, and thus sinks below the moral standard which, under more favourable circumstances, he would have sustained." Well, the upshot of the meeting was this. After some observations had been made on the subject of the importance of educating the agricultural labourer, the meeting came to the following sensible resolu tion:—" That this club deeply feels the necessity of im proving the moral and social condition of the agricultural labourer, and strenuously urges on landlords the duty of co-operating with their tenants in-1. Providing com fortable cottages and gardens. 2. Enlarging the field of labour. 3. Extending the blessings of education." If this resolution were worked out, and we see no reason why it should not be, happiness would at once be brought home to the hut of every labourer. Whenever the allotment system has been introduced, upon a favourable system, the labourer's condition has been improved. In some cases, where the grasping landlord exacts an excessive rent from the poor devil, his chances of success are less ; and we regret that, in a few instances, where a cottier has brought waste land into cultivation, it has been mercilessly wrested from him by his bard-hearted landlord. Ti: ere ought to be a fixity of tenure, whereby a man might be enabled to see his way clear. He ought not to be pounced upon at a moment when he has rendered a desert a prolific source of cul ture, without being handsomely paid for the improve ments, and his toil and anxiety. We are satisfied that the allotment system might be made to work to the ad vantage of the peasant. He might return to the " good old time" when the labourer kept a pig and fowls, and, in some instances, a cow—when he grew potatoes and other vegetables more than sufficient for his own consump tion—when he could get a draught of beer after a hard day's toil, and could buy himself coals instead of going to the parish, and furnish his house with what he cannot get at present—namely, coals and candles. We heartily hope that many Aveley Clubs may start into existence, in order to secure the labourer his rights. We perceive that the directors of the South Eastern Railway are letting small allotments of land; and from what we have already seen on the line, we are induced to augur the most favourable results. The plan begets a spirit of rivalry ; industry is encouraged, and, ere long, thou sands 0 e d ct a e t d o i o f nbaecttrowe s of land, now lying waste, we hope may b 3 placed under cultivation. A 'few hundred cottages, la eT ou th re e rs s , ta w t h io i n le s, t w h o ey uld wo a u ff l o d rd b g e re r a e t m a u c n c e e r m s : five to the company, and, in cases of accident, assistance might alway s be secured . But it is the landed gentry k.— W ee hly Di s p a t c h. must be the iror Apri e i .. ARIS AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF P This day (26th collector. ago, I commenced profession n e nefvenrewbesen unwell a single day ; and PENNY-A-LINER.— eccor. During all this p th e e rio p d rol except on the four great yearl y ofthe fetes I have never correspondence to failed to write and distribute ge each the journals of Paris and working year leaving for to this date, laboured 5,760 days for the Cliatilaylvphraeesiel: and p in order have made 5,760 collections of news. On an collection contained twenty facts or miscellaneeorua of news. I have thus made the world acquainted with 115,200 differentpieces of information. Every day, to collect and distribute this news, I have walked ten r leagues on an aver a g e. This amounts in a year to 3.600 cleirseguumfeesraenndcellol thesixteegl years to 57,600 leagues. The globe being nearly 9,000 leagues, it results that I have walked in 16 years, in order to collect my 115,200 pieces of news, a distance equal to 5 1.3 d times the circumference of the globe. I declare, on my honour, that I hive never had the least touch of the gout; from which I conclude that the citizens who should, like me, walk ten leagues a day, would not suffer from it either. Lastly, my quintuple occupation of traveller, observer, news writer, printer, and distributor, has b ithout rought eve me r on the average I,Boof. (720 per annum, doing injury to any one, if not to the late Government, which I opposed to the utmost of my small ability during sixteen years all but two months, without truce or re laxation. The editors of newspapers have thus been the means of my gaining 28,800 f., of which sum there only remains to me to-day 12f. 50c. (10s.), which will serve me, I hope, to the end or the month. MONEY Oupitas.—The following notice to the public, and instructions to all postmasters, sub-post masters, and letter receivers, issuing and paying money orders, has been posted at the General Post-office:— " Ruabon, in Denbighshire, having been constituted a post town, the post-office there will be opened for the issue and payment of money orders, on and after the 13th instant." . _ Dispatches were received yesterday at the Colonial office, from the Governor of Gibraltar. ITALY. L'ltalia Centrale of Modena has a letter from a staff-officer of the V e neto-Pontificial army, of which we subjoin the postscript, dated ten o'clock in the evening of the 30th of April. " Another alteration of arrangements. We no longer retreat, and the positions taken up on the banks of the Piave are maintained: To-morrow night the entire division of Durand() will be in a position to act when ever it is deemed possible to take the initiative. The Austrian forces between the Taghamento and the Piave do not amount to 9,000 men." DEFEAT OF CHARLES ALBERT BEFORE VERONA. A battle was fought, on the 6th, between the Piedmontese and the Austrians, under the walls of Verona. Complete success attended all the opera tions of CHARLES ALBERT, up to three P.M., but in consequence of the village of Santa Lucia, about two miles from the city, where the weight of the combat fell, being imprudently abandoned, and immediately, for the second time, occupied by the enemy, the whole force was withdrawn about four or five o'clock, and the Piedmontese army retired to its position on the hills overlooking the plain of Verona, from Bussolengo on the Upper Adige, to Vallegio on the Mincio. The loss on the part of the Austrians was unknown, but the Sardinians suffered severely, and it was said that they lost no less than 1,200 men, in killed, wounded, and missing. It was supposed that the attack was made in the expectation that it would be assisted by a move ment within the city, but nothing of the kind took place, and the general feeling among the troops is that the movement had been unnecessary and profitless. No attempt was made to cross the Adige, as was at one moment expected. Peschiera was not attacked as late as the 7th. Letters of the ith state that no further operations had taken place, but it was expected the siege at Pes chiera would be at once commenced, as the heavy ar tillery had been placed in the batteries. Intelligence from Udine, dated the 6th in stant, states that a courier had arrived from RADETSZT, at Conegliano, the head-quarters of Count Nuazwr, desiring him to advance with out delay to Treviso. Four thousand fresh troops, principally Granzers had arrived on the sth and Count NUGENT, whose advanced troops had' already proceeded as far as the last post station from Treviso, was on the point of breaking up his quarters and leading the attack against the place last named. It was doubted, however, though it was said to be occupied by from 3,000 to 4,000 insurgents, whether it would offer any resistance. According to the Giornale del Lloyd Austriaeo, of the 6st inst., Count. NUGENT had his quarters with the main body of the army at Conegliano, while the advanced guard was at Susaignano, with outposts extending along the Piave from the heights of Callalto as far as the Pont di Piave. The enemy occupied the opposite bank with artillery and troops. Two battalions had been detached towards Capo di Ponte and Belluno, in order, by advancing from different sides, to open the communication through the mountains as well as that by the Strada d'Allemagna. The last accounts from Verona state that Count WELDEN has occupied Volargno on the Adige, and is in close communicatioa with RADETSLY. The first division of the Sardinian squadron left Genoa on the 26th, commanded by Vice-Admiral the Chevalier ALBIN!. It consists of the royal frigate San Michele, the Des Geneys, the brigantine Daino, and the royal goletta Staffetta. DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. We have received a letter from our correspondent at Hamburgh, dated the 12th inst. The suspension of the blockade by the Danish Government was officially notified in that city on the morning of the 12th in the following terms : " NOTIFICATION. " According to a note dated the Bth of May, commu. nicated by the Danish Minister for Foreign Affairs to the Ambassadors of Foreign Powers at Copenhagen, it is resolved. " 1. That for the present neither the mouths of the Elbe, those of the Weser, nor those of any other har bour bour on the North Sea, shall be blockaded by Danisbil ships of war. " 2. That the blockade of the following harbours— viz., Fillet', Dantzic, Stralsund, Rostock, and Wismar, shall be raised from and after the 16th of May; that only Kiel, with the entrance of the Schleswig Canal at Holtenau, And Swinemunde, shall remain in a state of blockade; but that on the above-named day the block ade shall be extended to the three mouths of the Oder—i.e., to Wolgalt, Swinemunde, and Cammin. " To prevent the misunderstandings which, to the re gret of the Danish Government, have occurred on the part of some of the commanders of the ships of war, who giving too great an extension to the blockade, have sent back neutral vessels bound to ports to which the state of blockade did not apply—a steamer will be dis patched this evening to convey to them the present order. " Hamburgh, May 12." The official correspondence between General vox WRANGEL and Captain Biu.a, the Danish naval officer on the station of the Little Belt, relative to the bombardment of Middlefarht, consists of a letter front Captain BILL', complaining of the act, and a long reply from the General vindicating the conduct of the Allied Powers, and recriminating on the Danish authorities. General WRANGEL concludes his dis patch with the following significant menace : " I call the district which is now the seat of war, I call the wounded and prisoners of the Danish army, to bear witness that till now I have used every exertion to conduct the war in a manner becoming civilized nations. If, however, the Danish fleet, by its proceedings, compel me to resort to another mode of hostilities, Germany and all Europe shall at least know that it was not by me nor my brave troops that this mode of carrying on hostilities (contrary to the feelings of the age we live in) was commenced. This letter, as well as the communication to which it is the answer, I shall publish; and in the hope that the fleet of Denmark will not render it necessary to carry my ex pressed determination into effect." ELECTION COMMITTEE. LANCASTER. The General Committee of Elections met yesterday afternoon, and appointed the following Members to try the merits of petitions presented against Mr. Stanley's return for the borough of Lancaster :—Mr. Pinney, Lord Adair, Mr. Ewart, Mr. Octavius Duncan, and Lord Courtenay (chairman). They will be sworn to-day, and entwr upon their labours on Wednesday morning. RAILWAY COMMITTEES YESTERDAY. GROUP IL The Committee on this group met at the usual hour, Mr. Blackstone in the chair. MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLN- SHIRE. The object of this Bill is to enable the above com pany to improve their Humber ferry crossings at New Holland. The case for the promoters was partly gone into, and then adjourned till to-morrow. GROUP IV. This group, which embraces the disputed Bill relative to the sale of the Birmingham and Oxford Junction► line, adjourned for a week, to enable the Committee to have before them the report of the Railway Commissioners upon the merits of the mixed gauge. GROUP V. The Committee OR this group met at the usual hour. Sir Robert Peel in the chair. LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH COAST. The Committee passed the Bill, empowering the above company to become the proprietors of steam-boats_ and the Chairman was direct ed to re p ort the Bill to the House. GROUP VI. The Committee on this group met at the usual hour, Mr. Walpole in the chair. NORTH AND SOUTH-WESTERN. Mr. Sergeant WRANGEAM opened the case for the pro moters of this Bill, to authorise the construction of a short line from Brentford to Harrow, to form a junction w ee Railways. between theSouth-Western Theß in i an d : opposed he London byh and te North- Western Great Western Company. ROUP XII. The Committee on G this group met at the usual hour, Mr. Fitzroy in the chair. EDINBURGH AND NORTHERN. The object of this Bill is to authorise the construction of branches to Boscobie, Keltyhead, and Glencraig. The case was opened and adjourned. GROUP XIV. The Committee on this group met at the usual hour, Mr. Eliot Yorke in the chair. BRISTOL AND EXETER NCH). (CASTLE CARY - BRA The opposition to the subscription contracts was re sumed, and occupied the attention of the Committee the entire sitting. EXPORTATION Or BREEDING STOCX.—On Satur day last ten bulls, with twelve heifers of the pure short horn class, six rams, four ewes, two gimmers, two sows , and a fine sporting dog , all of the finest breed, were shipped on board the steam-ship Gazelle, Captain Main, for Antwerp. The whole of the above have been selected by the agents of Messrs. Von Vulsen and Co., of Brus sels, from the stocks of the most eminent breeders in Pitcher. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, May 15. The Loan CHANCELLOR took his seat on the Wool sack at Five o'clock. Lord EDDISBURY (late Mr. E. J. Stanley) took the oaths and his seat. Lord CAMPBELL presented several petitions in favour of the Jewish Disabilities Removal Bill. Petitions with a similar prayer were presented by Lord PORTMAN. POOR REMOVAL BILL. The Poor Removal Bill was read a second time. Lord PORTMAN complained that sufficient notice was not given of the second readings of Bills sent up from the other House. PETITIONS. The Earl of EGLINTON presented several petitions from various Presbyterians in Scotland against the Jewish Disabilities Removal Bill. Petitions with a similar prayer were presented by the Bishop of WINCHESTER and the Earl of GALLOWAY. The Bishop of NORWICH presented upwards of 100 petitions against the sale of intoxicating liquors on the Sabbath day. PUBLIC WORKS (IRELAND). The Duke of WELLINGTON moved for returns of the correspondence which had taken place between the Treasury and the Board of Public Works in Ireland, in relation to the clear expenditure of the advances made under the provisions of the Land Improvement Act, and in particular to that portion which refers to the payment of wages in the current coin of the realm, and not other wise ; and a return of all advances, showing the total amount applied for and the total amount advanced un der the provisions of the Act. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE did net object to grant the returns. After a few words from the Earl of ELLENBOROUGH and Earl FITZWILLIANt the motion was agreed to. MAIL CONTRACTS. On the motion of the Earl of ELLENBOROUGH, certain returns relating to the mail contracts were or dered to be made. THE LATE LORD ASHBURTON. Lord STANLEY, in moving that Lord Redesdale be appointed a member of the Select Committee on Banking, instead of the late Lord Ashburton, took the oppor tunity of passing a high eulogium on the political and private character of the late Lord Ashburton. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE had for forty years enjoyed the friendship of Lord Ashburton, and that friendship had never been interrupted by difference of political opinion. Lord BROUGHAM also bore testimony to the great merits of Lord Ashburton, and the motion was agreed to. PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS BILL. Lord STANLEY moved the second reading of this Bill. After the kindness with which their Lordships had listened to him, when he brought in the Bill, he would not detain them by any further observations. Lord CAMPBELL did not rise to oppose the second reading of the Bill, although he doubted whether the measure proposed by the Noble Lord would provide a remedy for the evil of which he complained. The pro visions of the Bill, however, were worthy of the most attentive consideration, for they went to change the whole constitution of Parliament. The Noble Lord proceeded upon the supposition that it was necessary that every Bill should be read three times in each House. Such, however, was not the case. It was not the law—it was merely an order of each House, which it was perfectly competent for either House, so far as regarded its own proceedings, to rescind by resolution. The proposition of the Noble Lord would be attended with several prac tical inconveniences. Suppose the House of Commons should agree to repeal an obnoxious tax, and should send the Bill up to their Lordships' House ; if the Bill of the Noble Lord were to become law, it would be perfectly competent to their Lordships to read the Bill a first and second time, and then, without rejecting it, to detain it in their Lordships' House for twelve months, and thus virtually continue a tax which the House of Commons had determined to abandon. It should be borne in mind, too, that the circumstances under which one branch of the Legislature had thought it expedient to pass a particular measure might have altered, and rendered it quite inexpedient to carry the measure further. Their Lordshipa would do well to pause before they agreed to a measure the consequences of which would be difficult to foresee ; and he much doubted whether it would not be expedient to look for another remedy for the inconveniences which the Noble Lord's Bill aimed at removing. Lord REDESI)ALE felt it his duty to express his opinion most strongly against the measure. The system contemplated by the Bill would be found quite inopera tive in times of political excitement, and it might lead to collisions of a most dangerous character between the two Houses of the Legislature. It was not want of time they had Us complain of so much as the late period of the session when Bills were brought up to their Lordships' House, and when there was a very limited at tendance of Peers ; but that was an evil which the Bill of the Noble Lord would rather increase than diminish. Earl GREY was of opinion that both Noble Lords who had spoken against the Bill had rested their objections on the most far-fetched and unlikely suppositions which it was possible to conceive. Surely, it the present practice was an inconvenient one it was the duty of Parliament to amend it. For his part, he thought that very consi derable advantage had arisen from the manner in which the Railway Bills were allowed to continue over two sessions ; and that it would be highly convenient if the measures which this Bill affected were to be origin a t e d in the other House, and that th is House should then revise and pass the measures, if necessary. Though he was strongly of opinion that this Bill by itself would afford a very inadequate remedy for the evil hitherto complained of, yet, so far as it went, it was plainly in the right direction towards effecting an improvement in that which had been experienced to be a great incon venience. Lord BROUGHAM concurred fsoriints grea t estoo b p j i e n c i rt o e n tlhu scwtai removal t n h e e the o N p o p b o l s e n E g a a r , m a e n a d s u s r h e o u w l dh which have d t h of what was a very great and crying evil. Still, without giving a decided opinion upon the subject until he saw the Bill in its later stages, he could not say that he had made up his mind to give it his support. Their Lordships should recollect that this would be the very first time that there had been an Act of Parliament passed to regulate the standing orders of either House of Par liament. Between two sessions of Parliament circum stances might occur to change the opinion of the House of Commons, though they might not change the opinion of the House of Lords, and the effect of their Lord ships adopting the Bill without an alteration would be to tie down the House of Commons to the measure as originally passed by them, and that notwithstanding their change of opinion. Lord BEAUMONT agreed with other Noble Lords that it was necessary to provide some remedy for a growing evil, but ho was not prepared to say that the present measure was the best way of curing that of which they justly complained. If the Bill were passed, it would prevent any Bills; of importance being ori ginated in that House. He would reserve further ob jections until they went into Committee, when, if it were not greatly improved according to his mind, he must record his vote against it on a future stage. After a few words from the Earl of DEVON, t T r o h d e u a o r n q o u f i s of this LANSDOWNE Billhis wa r m had concurrence stated onthe in thins object which the Noble Lord had in view. He was not disposed to withdraw that concurrence. He was per fectly sensible of the inconveniences and difficulties which had been stated as attendant upon the Bill, but of all those inconveniences there was none greater than ,that House being compelled to give their assent to a measure to which they were not averse in principle in too hasty a manner. He trusted the Noble Lord would give his attontion to the suggestions given that evening, end improve the details before proceeding further with the Bill. Lord STANLEY received with respect and thank fulness any suggestions from any Noble Lord, and un doubtedly they would have his best consideration. At that hour of the night he would but very lightly notice some of the objections which had been taken to the Bill. He had stated in introducing the Bill that it was an interference with the preroga tive of the Crown —it was but slight but still he had said that he doubted whether the Bill could be passed without the consent of the Crown being signified through one of its responsible Ministers. The consent of the Crown ought to be taken as a preliminary to the adjournment of any Bill, said the Noble Marquis ; but supposing that such were the law, it would give the Minister of the period a veto to prevent the adjournment of any Bill. The Bill did not touch the prerogative of the Crown until the Bill was proposed to be ad journed. There must first be a majority for passing the Bi'l, and also a majority for an adjournment. Under such circumstances no Minister would dare in these days to stop any Bill ; but still the Crown, even if his Bill passed, would have of even 48 hours at the time proposed for the fur ther . prorogation proceeding of the Bill, suppo the power to stop any obnoxioussinßtillt,hbaty would dare to take such a bold step. The great ti nny Minister principle of the Bill we uon our present consti innovation of an organic nature g t arise thatdifficulties mi h • objection he had hearsd that t e i d t w w a Ta lik r e e l g y ar to d m t s o ke th an e tutional system. It was said . c o r more inconvenience postponing measures from July to from postponing Bills fr om oneh ses o s u o l n d o n f ot Pa se r e lia t m hs e t n a t n t y another; but, for his ow n p art, breach of constitutiona l p rinci p le,o would arise from he trusted that their Lordships wo having beard many valuable reading to the Bill; and, Noble and Learned Friend suggestions made by h is February, than from February to July. I n conclusion, should be happy to con he s o i p d p e o r s i t thee them L in h r d c C o m a I o rs p i tbteelel .) , be T co h m e ASSIGNMENT OF ECCL ESIASTICAL DIS TRICTS BILL. mßiitlltewda.s t h en read a seco nd time, and ordered to Bill was read a second tim e, on Friday next. Their Lordships then and ordered o adjourned. On the motion of the Bishop of WINC t HhEeScTomEß.tttheids HO USE OF COMMONS, May 15. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock. NEW bIEMBER. Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT took the oaths and his seat for South Wilts. NEW WRIT. ordered to be issued for the election of a knight of the On the motion of Mr. TUFNELL, anew under writt he s ty was le shire for the Northern Division of Cheshire, in the room of Mr. E. J. Stanley, raised to the peerage. THIRD READINGS. The following Bills were read a third time and passed : Liverp oo l D oc k s (erection of warehouses and construe ti" of new works) Bill• Patent Galvanized Iron Company, trading or firm of " Manna and Rawlinsons, ,, Bill. REPORTS. The reports on the following Bills were considered and agreed to:— Barrow Harbour Bill. Brentford Gas Light Acts Amendment Bill. —.- Great Yarmouth Coal Duties Bill. Liverpool Gas Light Company, and Liverpool New Gas and Coke Company Amalgamation Bill. Sir J. EAST presented a petition praying for a re laxation of the penal law now existing against Odd Fellows. Mr. F. FRENCH presented a petition from Roscom mon, complaining of the operation of the Irish Poor laws, and praying that they might be amended. The lion. Member gave notice that tomorrow he should move that it be printed with the votes. Mr. W. MILES presented a petition from Peter borough against the orders of the Privy Council in re lation to education. Lord GEORGE BENTINCK presented petitions from bodies of Wesleyans, praying that the sale of spirituous liquors on Sundays should be prohibited. Mr. FOX MAULE presented several petitions in favour of the Sites for Churches Bill. Mr. RICARDO presented several petitions in favour of the repeal of the navigation laws. Mr. C. DENISON presented petitions from several religious bodies against the sale of spirituous liquors on Sundays. SPAIN. Mr. BANKES, on a former occasion, gave notice of his intention to move a resolution on the first occasion of going into Committee of Supply, and he begged leave now to give the terms of the resolution. He should move that the House had heard with deep regret, from a correspondence on the table of the House, that her Majesty's Foreign Secretary of State had endeavoured to interfere with the internal affairs of Spain, which had placed her Majesty and the British representative at the Court of Madrid in a position that was humiliating in its character, and was calculated to affect the friendly relations hitherto existing between the Court of Spain and this country. IRISH POOR-LAW. Mr. F. FRENCH gave notice that on an early day he should move for a Committee of Inquiry into the truth of the allegations contained in the petition he had al ready presented from Roscommon. _SAVINGS BANKS IN IRELAND. Mr. REYNOLDS gave notice of his intention, on an early day, to bring the state of the Irish savings banks under the consideration of the House. SHANNON NAVIGATION. _ _ Dr. BOWRING gave notice that on the 23d instant he would call the attention of the House to a return he had moved for connected with the Shannon navigation, and showing that not only had no similar return been made during the last ten years, but that there was 130,0001. of the public money unaccounted for. NAVIGATION LAWS. Lord G. BENTINCK presented two petitions from Glasgow, one of them emanating from the Chamber of Commerce of that place, praying the House not to agree to any relaxation in the navigation-laws. Mr. REYNOLDS presented a petition from 16,000 burgesses of Dublin in favour of the Dublin Improve ment Bill. REGIUM DONUM. Mr. SCULLY moved for copies of the order to the Government agent in Ireland, Dr. Cooke, to withhold the Regium Donum from the congregation of Clonmel in connexion with the General Assembly of the Pres byterian Church, and of any correspondence be tween the Ist day of August and the 31st day of December last ; of any correspondence between the said congregation of Clonmet and the Irish Government since the Ist day of December last, or be tween the Presbytery of Cork and the Irish Govern ment since same date. And of the annual certificate from said Clonmel congregation, received and passed by the Irish Government in April, 1847, and included in the Parliamentary estimates for the past year.— Agreed to. ORDNANCE SURVEY (IRELAND). Mr. E. DENISON said as he intended to move for a return of the expenditure in connexion with the Ordnance Survey of Ireland, he wished to aak his Gallant Friend if it was true that the expense would be 120,0001., and not 30,0001. as originally estimated by Colonel Goldwin ; and, it' so, whether any second reference had been made to the Treasury ? Colonel ANSON was understood to say that no addi tional reference had been made to the Treasury, but that it had been found that the survey could not be made for the estimated sum. It would, we understood, come to the larger sum. Mr. E. DENISON intimated that he would consult the Committee now sitting on the matter, before he sub mitted a motion on the subject to the House. Mr. HUME presented a petition from Montrose in favour of the Sites for Churches Bill. Mr. COWAN presented several petitions from Edin burgh to the same effect. NAVIGATION LAWS. Mr. LABOUCHERE then moved to refer the laws with respect to the navigation and regulation of ships and seamen to a Committee of the whole House. Mr. Alderman THOMPSON saw no ground what ever for the House going into a Committee. Tkere had been no report of any Committee on the subject, there had been no petitioning in favour of the adoption of such a course, or requiring any change of the navigation laws as they at present existed; and it must be recollected that the subject was under the consideration of a Com mittee of the House of Lords. He thought the Right Hon. Gentleman, considering the present state of Europe, should have detailed to the House what course it was intended by the Government to pursue upon this important subject ; whether they intended to throw open the ports of this country to the whole of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America; whether they intended to make any alteration with respect to the merchant seamen, the pro visioning of ships, the quarantine laws, and so on; as these were all matters which, in his judgment, the House should be informed upon before it acceded to such a motion as that proposed for its adoption. Mr. LABOUCHERE believed that the course he proposed to pursue was consonant with the regular and established practice of the House. The objection of the Hon. Member seemed to him to be only as to whether the plan of the Government on the subject of the navigation-laws ought, to be stated in the; House itself, or in a Committee of the whiffle House. He believed the best course to pur sue would be for the House to go into Committee, and then that the Government should bring for ward its plan. He thought it would be highly objectionable to debate the subject upon the ques tion that the Speaker do leave the chair, instead of in Committee of the whole House. He bad framed his resolutions so as to embrace the whole scheme pro posed by the Government on the subject, and when the House went into Committee he should state them to the House. _ _ _ _ Mr. ROBINSON believed that it was a most unusua thing, in a subject of such vast importance, to ask the House to go into Committee before the scheme of the Government was laid before it. He regretted that the Government bad thought it proper, in the present state of public opinion, and at that ad vanced period of the session, to introduce the subject at all ; and he trusted that they would see the necessity of acquainting the House, before going into Committee, of some of the reasons which had induced them to bring forward the measure in question. Mr. BERRIES did not pretend to say that the Right Honourable Gentleman was not correct in the statement which he had made, because he was well aware that the House often went into Committee in order to receive the statement to be made by the Minister of the Crown, and either to adopt or reject the Bill; but on the other hand he was also aware that it was more frequently the case for the Minister, in the first instance, to state his reasons for inviting the House to go into Committee at all on the Bill.—(Hear.) The measure was to effect an important change in a most important fundamental law of this country, and they had not been told from any quarter whatever what the reasons of the Government were for inviting the House to go into Committee. He thought the Right Hon. Gentleman ought to state in what respect those laws required revision, and when they went into Committee, he could state his reasons and opinions more in detail. He, therefore, did think that his Hon. Friend (Alderman. Thompson) had properly called the attention of the Government to the propriety of explaining their views before going into Committee, which he considered was by far the most regular course, and he trusted that the Government would adopt it. Captain HARRIS was of opinion that more evidence ought to have been laid before the House before any alteration was proposed in the law, and he considered that the information which had already been obtained was for the most part erroneous. The Honourable Gen tleman gave notice that he should take the earliest opportunity in Committee of moving that the Chairman do report progress for a month, in order that the evidence taken before the Lords' Committee might be laid upon the table of the House. Mr. HUDSON said it was unfair to call upon the House to go into Committee without some previous reasons being assigned for their doing so ; and if the Noble Lord at the bead of the Government had any statement to make, he could just as easily do it then as wait till they got into Committee. Mr. THORNELY said it was usual to make such alterations as those in a Committee of the whole House, and for any one who had any objection to urge to make his statement on the motion for going into Committee. He was acquainted with shipowners who opposed any alteration of these laws, but he knew of more who were opposed to the alteration of the prin ciple which prevented ships from importing iato the continent of Europe the produce of Asia, Africa, or America. He thought they ought at once to go into Committee, and then discuss the proposed alterations. The House then went into Committee; Mr. BERNAL in the Chair. The passage in the Queen's Speech with reference to the navigati on -l aws h av i ng b een read by the , Chairman, Mr. LABOUCHERE said, in rising to redeem the pledge given in her Majesty's Speech at the corn mencetnent of the session, that the Ministers would lay before the House some proposed altera tions, he assured the House that he approached the subject with a full sense of the great re sponsibility which devolved upon him in rising to state the nature of them to the House. He was aware that the navigation-laws had been defended by some of the greatest statesmen and some of the greatest philosophers; but, on the other hand, he might venture to remind the House, that they had been the object of changes and alterations.—(Hear.) It was remarked long ago by Burke, that if the Navigation Act was suffered to run the full length of its principles, and was not changed and modified according to the altered spirit of the times, and the fluctuating mischief of commerce, that it must do and defeat its purpose. aboutf the changes which the Government were to propose - were more extensive than those proposed, he begged to tell the House that everything else had been changing about them.—(Hear.) What changes, even in their time, had they I not witnessed in the circumstances which governed the industry, intelligence, and commerce of this country.—(Hear, hear.) They had witnessed a revolution in the government of the South American colonies—the introduction of steam navigation, and that awakened a spirit of rivalry which, since the peace, had placed this nation in commercial enterprise far beyond the other nations of the world; above all. there were the great changes that had taken place in the laws and system of protection—the system under which trade was conducted, —all these things rendered a change in the navigation laws necessary, but only such changes as would main tain the commercial greatness of the country, and keep the navy in an efficient condition. The first law on the statute book with respect to navigation was that of Richard 11., which was to the effect that no subject of the Crown should send goods except in the King's ships 6r private ships, which being found oppressive was modified the next year, but even then the character of the law was exclusive, and productive of monopoly and extinction ; it rested so, however, until the time of Elizabeth, when the law was reversed, as it adopted the principle of differential duties instead of ab solute exclusion, as it allowed foreign ships to come to that colony as well as English ships, on paying a certain differential duty. The Right Hon. Gentleman, after reading the preamble of that Act, observed that the principle adopted by Queen Elizabeth was the principle that prevailed in these times, and at the present day—the infliction of duties upon goods in foreign vessels for the protection of their own. Oue country in Europe only acted upon a different principle—Holland, who gave the most unrestricted eommerce, and the result of that policy on the part of that country was most remarkable—Holland built herself up a fabric of such commercial greatness that the world had no parallel for. But while Elizabeth made this change in the navigation laws, she made for the first time th coasting trade of England a monopoly; for till that time it was open to foreign vessels. The state of things lasted till the time of the Commonwealth, and then began the system which had lasted till the present moment. This system was developed in the statutes of Cromwell, and confirmed by the statute of Charles the Second. Those statutes, he believed, were not founded upon commercial motives, but in order to punish certain colonies which had espoused the royal cause, and also for the purpose of clipping the wings of the Dutch. This system had existed certainly, with some considerable changes, up to the present day ; the first circumstances that broke down that system were the events that led to the independence of the United States. That declaration produced many remarkable events; in the first place it destroyed a great existing trade, and it required the consideration of the first statesmen of the day to avert the consequences it might engender. It was some time before Parliament could make up its mind to adopt the course which it was ultimately obliged to take. Mr. Pitt, on the first declaration of indepen dence, with true wisdom and great courage, came for ward to propose the continuance of the intercourse which had formerly existed with the United States of America, but he failed in convincing the country of the necessity of adopting the course which he proposed. It was not till the greatest practical evils had arisen that Parliament gave its consent to a measure to remedy the objections to the law as it then existed. The island of Jamaica having been visited with a hurri cane for two successive years, no less than 15,000 slaves perished between 1780 and 1787 from the want of the accustomed supplies of provisions from America, occa sioned by the interruption of the system of inter course which had existed between those two colonies. At last, however, a step towards a more free intercourse was conceded, and proved successful ; but it was only in our own time that the intercourse had been made so com pletely free between the United States and our West Indian colonies. These changes, he asserted, made the first breach in our navigation laws.—Jlear.) He had seen many changes subsequently, but he would not weary the House by going into them, as they were fa miliar to all who had paid the slightest attention to the subject. No person could look at the results of these alterations in the law without seeing the advantages ts hich had arisen to this country, and that a considerable breach had been made in our navigation system which it was difficult to repair, and still more difficult to resist extending. The Right Honourable Gentleman then pro ceeded to call the attention of the House to the state of the law as it stood at the present moment, and which was comprised in three stattites. He came now to the anomolies which the present law exhibited with reference to the ownership of vessels, such as, for instance, that a foreigner naturalised in England might be the owner of a British ship, whilst a foreigner naturalised in the colonies could not. The next point he wished to touch upon related to manning British ships. A Bri tish ship engaged in the coasting trade must have all of its crew composed of British seamen; every British ship engaged in foreign trade must have three fourths of its crew composed of British seamen. There was also an enactment relating to these latter ships which provided that every ship should have a certain number of apprentices, the number being as large, he believed, as to amount of one sixth of the whole crew. He had now endeavoured as concisely as possible to bring the present state of the law before the House, and he would, with the permission of the House, proceed to state the reasons why he thought many of the regulations he had alluded to required alteration. The House would perceive from hat he had already stated, that the law rested upon three main principles ; first, to secure the Colonial trade ; secondly, to secure to British ships a portion of the foreign trade ; and, thirdly, to secure the car rying trade. He would, in stating his reasons for ob jecting to the law, commence with the Colonial trade. He believed if there ever was a just demand made upon that House for relief, it was the demand the Colonies had made to be relieved from the evils of these laws. The House had already, for the benefit of the mother country, adopted the principle that no differential duties ought to be tolerated on produce coming into the English market, and as they had suffered enough from the navigation-laws, now that they;were afforded no protection from differential duties, they ought to be relieved from the bnr dens which these laws imposed upon them.—(Hear.) He then read a communication from the Governor- General of Canada strongly recommending a total and immediate repeal of the navigation-laws. He might mul tiply similar recommendations to the same effect; but he felt it unnecessary to do so. They sought, by cheapening freights, to give every facility to their colonies to carry on a largely increased amount of trade. The Right Hon. Gentleman proceeded to say— I now come to the case of the West Indies, and I find in the same way that the strongest representations have beau sent to this country from those colonies as to the evils which the inhabitants believed were imposed on them by the restrictions of the present navigation- lava. —(Hear, hear.) I know there are some Hon. Gentlemen who will say the West Indians do not understand their own interest, and that these laws are really beneficial to them ; but in reply to that, all I can say is, that the %Vest Indians themselves are of a very different opinion. If any faith is to be placed in documents emanating from the bodies the most important, and submitted to the consideration of this country. the West Indians claim it as a matter of right and justice that we, having re moved all pr section from their goods and produce, should set them free from the trammels of the naviga tion-laws. I shall now proceed to lay before you an ex tract from the memorial of the House of Assembly in Jamaica to her Majesty's Government :—" Your memorialists could point out the advantages pos sessed by the island of Jamaica for becoming a commer cial depot, especially as to a position with respect to both continents of America and the surrounding islands. It the navigation.laws were withdrawn, foreigners would bring assortments of goods from Europe, Asia, and North America, and other foreigners would come to purchase and re-export these; and as the Government of England already permits the abolition of all differen tial duties hitherto enforced for the protection of her manufactures, no injury could arise Irons an extension of this permission and a relaxation of the navigation. laws. Your memorialists would call to your Majesty's consideration, that the prosperity of your Majesty's colonies cannot but be beneficial to the people of Eng land, who always have been able to undersell the manufactures of all other countries, and could not fail to find in the free ports of Jamaica a profitable outlet and depot, for their productions, both for con sumption and exportation, nor could any loss occur to them in regard to their shipping, which has ever competed successfully with that of the world; a great demand would inevitably arise both for ships and manu factures, and merchandise of all kinds. The benefit to Jamaica from such relaxation to the navigation-laws would be infinite; it is' the most desirable boon that her inhabitants could solicit or receive from your Majesty's Government; it would aid Jamaica out of her difficulties; it would be hailed with exultation, and acknowledged with every sentiment of gratitude and respect; and it would be an honourable and generous concession on the part of Great Britain, which would exalt her in the esteem and admiration of all nations." The next docu ment I shall quote is an extract from a dispatch of Lord Harris, Governor of Trinidad 'addressed to Earl Grey , the Noble L or d at th e h ea d of colonial affairs, on the 30th ;of January, 1847:—" But what I intended to ask is, whether any relaxation in the terms of the navigation-laws might be hoped for; such as I am in formed has already been granted to the Mauritius, and which the nature of the population of this island and its position might warrant, so as to allow the goods of all nations to be brought here in any vessel without restriction? it would undoubtedly promote an extensive and direct commerce between Trinidad and France and Spain, which is now mach retarded and restricted by being carried pn by way of Martinique and the Spanish main. Another great advantage would accrue respecting imm igration, as the freight of immigrants would be much reduced. When Coolie labour was first proposed to be introduced, American vessels could have been pro t aced to bring them at 91. per head, whereas the present charge is nearly 181. But I really feel it is a waste of time to argue the question whether or not the advantage of the colonies would be promoted by abolishing those restrictions. The West Indian colonies are, by their position and natural advantages, qualified to be the entrepots and depositories of the commerce of the world, and it is as impossible to say to what development their trade might not reach, if they were allowed to ex tend their own energies, and to hold unrestricted intercourse with other countries.—(Hear, hear.) I am unwilling to detain the House any longer than is necessary, bat I could quote from the evidence taken before the Committee, on the motion of the Honourable Member for Stoke-upon-Trent (Mr. Ricardo) many pas sages to justify these views. I cannot mention the name of the Hun. Member to whom I have alluded without paying my humble tribute to the great industry and ability which he brought to the investigation of the - subject, and in promoting the formation of just and sound views on this important questten.—(Hear, hear.) in connexion with it I may be allowed to mention that it was but the other day one of the most eminent North - American merchants—a gentleman who would be known to many Hon. Members—Mr. Gillespie—came to me at ~,e f re the Board of Trade, and said, " Let us have the St. Law rence free. If you do nn, I have made up my mind to . ;4 01 abandon my trade with Canada." He is, I believe, a Pro al tectioni,t, and was very sorry we reduced the duty in this • . fJet country on colonial produce.—(hear, hear, from the NLI Protectionist benches.) Yes, but the House having .4.11 done so, he said "You must do away with these restric- • tions—(Renewed cries of Hear, hear, and icheers front the same quarter)—you have reduced the amount of colonial protectioe, and if you refuse to free the colo nies you will commit a monstrous injustice." I; the majority of the House do not agree with him, and with Hon. Gentlemen opposite, in thinking we should retrace our steps and impose a differential duty on the pr oduce of the colonies, we certainly should not impose o n them those restrictions which drive Mr. Gillespie and other re spectable and enterprising merchants out of th e trade, because they are unable to contend with the foreigner in consequence of those restrictions, which, if renewed, would leave them in a position to do so. I have said this much with respect to the result of the navigatio laws upon our colonies; and I will now proceed to advert to those portions of them the object of which is to se' cure to this country the long-voyage trade, and whisk prohibit British ships from bringing the produce of Asia, Africa, or America from any foreign European part to this country. A British ship, for instance, can not go to Havre or Hamburgh, and bring back W this country a cargo of cotton, sugar, mahogany, or of all other article tne produce of Asia, Africa, or America. believe this part of the restrictions of our navigation . laws are almost entirely c,ndemned. I shall certain!! be much surprised if it finds a defender even in al° ranks of Honourable Gentlemen opposite. There are, see, some indications on their part of an intention to resign some parts of these laws; and if so, this must certainly be the part they intend to abandon, for they are extremely mischievous and indefensible. What hall the results been ? Just see how produce suu manufactures are affected. If the mahogany 1 made into furniture—if the Alpaca wool, wn'e s you bring from Peru, be made into cloth ---041 if the sugar be refined, you may bring theca from any part of Europe, as they are no longer colt' sidered produce, but manufactures. The consequence 111 that these laws operate, in this respect, as a bouhti against our own in favour of the foreign manufactur ert while at the same time they deprive the shipowners themselves of a large share of the trade which the! would otherwise possess. We have h a d recently sa °6 conversation in the House as to the difficulty of bring: ing cotton from Havre. It was stated tbat a merchoP in this country had sent over a cargo of cotton to Oast port for the supply of the manufacturers there. TI N : political events of the last few weeks destroyed t'"" market there, but it could not be brought back to Vi e , t h ' pool, where it could have been sold at once, as no Brit' s shill could take it. The result of all this was,. that 1 • British merchant lost his money in his venture , .11° ,., the manufacturer of Manchester could not get ~t; cotton, of which he would have been so glad. Ira evil is the consequence of your futile attempts to serh the entire possession of the long voyage, heawill) so constantly eludes your grasp.--(Hear, An Hon. Gentleman, a Member of this House, 561 '4, cargo of crushed nuts, extensively used in making dio.4 to Havre. He called on me, and said he hoped [ w ° "its use my efforts with the Government to procure th e bu t mission of the cargo inn the ports of this cou ntry; a I was obliged to tell him that such a course was " e :a in the teeth of the navigation-laws. It is an absurd ° Coolish restriction, to be sure; but the Treasury ks ° the power of dispensing with the law of the lo n a ; What absurdity and nonsense restrictions of thii . ",°:: oo are!—(Hear, hear.) I cannot imagine that the tle;i, for a moment can suppose the maintenance of the l e s gation-laws in their present state conduces to the s• port of this country, or that it is necessary for terests of her trade to keep up those absurd and ° Del , r e strictions.—(Hear, hear.) It is true, Sir, that t ig• may have as yet comparatively produced but small 'P r i e s chief; but now, when the distances between coulPheo are shortened by better means of interclurse , W oo f a cilities of communication are increased, it is sbs s il e r bat maintain those antiquated laws. Such a coach putting new wine into old bottles, and the res ult se rve but be destructive to the article you intended t° P re t ,kee hear)—nay, important evidence s tss -- 00 11 before the Committee on this point, but I will 4 , trouble you with a few important extracts frontti3kia; Mr. lt. V. Swaine, a merchant at Hamburgh , sai d , t he „: if the navigation - laws were repealed, the wholeof 'f Alpaca wool, South American sheep wool, and pivot:6o, soda, and almost all the palm oil from the coast of i ot • brought to Europe fur account of Hamburgh raercb ) 0 1, in foreign bottoms, would go to London or LifsTP:co The palm oil which now goes to Hamburgh would g e th e England in Hamburgh vessels. The operation o'oo navigation laws with respects to the supply of rer li oo te wools to this country, such as are brought to the c .. fA mut of Europe first, is unquestionably unfavourabi'fo• British manufacturers, because the German ints° l ' 3 o4 turer is purchasing that article now at a less price od the manufacturers can purchase it in Lancashire ajo a Yorkshire, and the consequence must be that the G• r fi ce manu f ac t u rer can afford to sell his cloth at a lea , r; than the English." Mr. G. Mapleton, a mee chse: ci a London and the Canary Islands, said, " The navile, - ,' laws T interfere he excessivelycochineal producedwit h the there t e r r a e d eisw obligedith the C o be ries. shipped to Cadiz, owing to the fe w E ng li s h v essels `' ‘ i ing direct to England. Having once been islt O h ° Europe, it cannot come to E ng l an d as heh 06" produce of Africa, except for exportat i o n, si L-° ll l° the Canaries are virtually part of Spaeiont.l ifi so consequence is, that it now go es a l mos t ire France. The barilla trade is circumscribed te °4 par the same way. Cochineal can be sold at 4d. to giros pound more for consumption than for exP ° _, r fro o This prevention of the importation of cochinn i oe Europe into Great Britain gives a very great Auf-r the to the French and other foreign manufacturers 104 English manufacturers, as the cochineal of t he, so O. Islands is of a very superior quality. The effect I ° Of dition of 6d. per pound to the price, besides th e o safe; caused by the prohibition of its use in British 11, and tures." But the House will form a very iii 2 P er i e :ol 11 1 inadequate estimate of the evils which this sr.' whi ch produced, if they look only to the critical cases In. tench it can be shown to bo injurious. There is l l ° , seta wider field which we are to regard in colin l trs the effect of these laws. We must look to for Po tW which is absolutely prevented from coming to !o ll 4 ,rce, by their operation.—(hear, hear ) I believe itlsr; possible to estimate the development our comm e r , and the receive if these restrictions were thrown 0 0 so .' tally abolished, and if navigation were condile o ,o ! 6 0 Sallie large and liberal principles which the rs' ° pea r , decided should prevail with respect to the itte e r of foreign corn. I now come to a ', es ' e ffee l to taut part of this question. I mean the to do those provisions of which the object apries rs ,ae. he r ,e secure to this country the indirect carrying svb e 'sat not think it is necessary to go into the questw." - ni esi , ;0 0 or not those provisions were wi s e in former D o ' r e I will not hesitate to declare my opinion thatisd 17,0 rs did they ensure the effect they we re inten oe t he 0' 0 0 duce. We shall, however, v er y m u c h mistak e ret ie °se of the real ques ion at issue if we decide 50 c 7;ars e i ,y , the supposition that we are free to take wha t 00 0 0 please upon it. This is a game at which ter° oo 0 1 , 00 , flier° is already no obscure or doubtful indic t t 0 0 11 is 4 ,Ae intentions of other countries os the sa me Already we see signs which warn us that tlioeuaeo4, fast approaching in which we can trade ° n i l s at, t 0 terms with other nations, and when they va oil . , or, " Whatever we give we will require trot:l2llo4C ° to ot question now is, not whether these laws ir al s if not, but whether we are prepared to en lh t s h r ;w r or vi l d b :;; l b p e o r ' s retaliation with every other country in be our real interest to embark in this war, a siweerle' by a course of wise and ti me ly conces sion, I s fish I t i o , in reality do more for the prosperity of Elloris,.o of and place it on more secure and b arer , ote ,00 , ,)0 0• than we could possibly obtain by the m ai m 008 0 41'0 those narrow and useless restrictions? ir„T n ot t , i ntg a , try already tauterhs roceeded a voice—l " f o e 11 11) °, 0 0` menace, tor ed no unfriendly or h° s " - t , tbe i, i° —but a voice of warning. It has issued fro i iU ridu seu o• country, considerations respecting whic h ite rea c ?„ei ° 1823, Mr. Huskisson to propose his greate r sp esk l it : ef o l f the navigation laws—l mean Prussia. Sh idre sse, 3 t the name of Germany on this occasion, a" the po oefl c i the time when a commercial treaty is °_ n _ d by D~' ri c expiring, and this is the language a ddreasv, To bfe pa,i sea, the representative of Prussia, to my to c al ! ,f at the head of Foreign Affairs. I beg are do o r j ticular attention of the House to it. 14 r i fjo the intention on the part of Prussia not to i. r e e o - 01 te: o f isting treaty, and proceeded (in a note ado . : The tre;; r e , Palmerston, on May 10, 1847), to say' , eve d / 0 ,,` 1814 does not allow Prussia, as the aggr' y10 (0 1 4 0 4 and public opinion of Germany, which P?„.iet infer t°o ports those interests, would require, to reb;:.,,,, t ie alogous manner the admission of British. ,I".roit Pte Of; second article of this treaty accords to u r l , / ,ect o l f 0 1 4 the right of the most favoured nation with irooll the importation of sugar and rice. The re S , t° 0;10 treaty at the end of the present :0004 liberty to the Prussian Government, and üb~ ec Po t o4' laws affecting navigation has been the s serious consideration. The norainatiollh mentary Committee to examine the Engh s o , of ino sis i e laws, and to report during the pre s n t p o nbt t i b oc e be ;;;;; ; meut thereupon, has nevertheless held otit,i, at s o 0 0 0 ro s Government a hope that Great Britain meeo ltre ji ticd period, by means of a general legislative the restrictions to disappear which at German navigation and commerce, O a _ vos ere l ose r c i riously impede the development of the ev e W ill dolt), lions of the two countries. ' o that the nomination of the Committee t the Hon. Member for Stoke of the composition of which som e °°n r 3 o P elli citlg O r d^ made, actually had the effect p „ to b n e( l , pension of that which Pruss zli d whi e no oieda' to strike at British shipping , a n ,.. re o 40 have fallen on th e m had i t riot r o7 seeded e l d ha t v h e is rveomiciendoefd wtharenlilnogu.seFthr,,oa_mt eirpaorn:oceloti;lo.relot:ool,oo3ii: among foreign nations at the same 01 0 0 0, s n g o re t a o t t re w p •a u r b n i i i n e g or bu th t e o ß f awn D .rtche ie gr s e e ot , oo e: a e : to ourselves in commercial and ritish m. Mean the United States of Amerie %l ot 1 ft, W ile ga'is of* o a A u m tu e m ri n can of m la i °v ition °f part ° lir 0 01 Friefself, aidndthine iSoerinrtieedtYtaeeurreirto—Mhf:Srth.tteahßteeeannGf,dcirr°-oFefronrlen;:ttfiipcjleoo7:rtio: believing that it was the d"P liith reg arci te ri pi3 esll l ii make large and liberal changes oust 0 us ~flnstl a f t, ti wor me tt !7. tti b m is e w la o w rk s,. le to the rest wana 'd' o n mostthec° i we isS . be productive of a most extensive 5 °. - - •