The Sun. — London, England, 1848-07-20 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT HOUSE OF COJIMONS, July 19. SUGAR DU TIES. The CHANCELLOR► of the EXCHEQUER (in con tinuation of our Afternoon Edition yesterday) said—lt was right that he should state that he intended to alter the words in the first clause, in order to render its meaning more clear. Mr. CARDWELL said that much doubt prevailed in the City as to the exact intentions of the Government; It was believed by some that the duty on foreign sugar would be 15s. 9d., whereas it was the intention of the Government to charge but 135., giving the foreign re finer a great. advantage over his British competi tor. lie did not gather from the Chancellor of the Exchequer that the differences of opinion upon the sub ject was on that foundation. It was most important that the City should bo placed in possession of the in tentions of the Government on the subject. It was un reasonable to ask the great interests involved to wait until the C o mmittee.—([fear, hear.) Mr. HUDSON said the City had a right to ask the intentions of the Government. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said there was not the slightest doubt that there was a mis take in the beginning of the first clause. Sugar net refined in this country, or its dependencies, could not be introduced into the colonies. He stated, on Satur day, the state of the law upon that subject, and as he was in communication with competent partis on the matter, and had been so for the last two days, it would be very inconvenient to reply to the questions now. Lord G. BENTINCK inquired when the treaty with Holland was signed. On the 30th of May, the Noble Lord stated that he had no intention to alter the Act of 1846. This seemed strange, since the proscription with respect to the refined sugar of Holland existed in July. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUERsaid the refined sugar of Holland was admissible by the treaty of 1847, on the principle extended to the most favoured nations. Lord G. BENTINCK read the clause in that Act, and said he differed with the Right lion. Gentleman as to his construction of the treaty. Mr. WILSON entered into an explanation of the treaty, and said the Noble Lord's interpretation of the Act was perfectly correct. THE SALE OF BREAD. Mr. BANKES explained, with respect to this Bill, that in consequence of what had been said, he should move for a Select Committee on the Ist of August. lie wished to get the House to affirm the principle of the Bill. He did not anticipate that the Committee could proceed to any extent with its labours this session. He should not proceed with the Bill in the present session. TREASURY PAPERS. In reply to Sir H. WILLOUGHBY, Mr. LABOUCHERE stated that arrangements bad recently been made by which all parties could simulta neously obtain information usually obtainable from Trea sury papers. A list was formerly kept of the parties who might obtain papers, but now the papers would be issued on the principle of the Parliamentary papers, and would be equally accessible. CORN DUTIES. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER stated, in reply to Lord G. Bentinck, that he should have no objection to produce the papers on which he based his calculations, if the Noble Lord thought proper to move for them. THE ESTIMATES. Mr. HUDSON inquired when the estimates for the year would be laid on the table. Lord J. RUSSELL proposed to proceed on Friday with the army and navy estimates. Mr. lIUDON—Not on account—actual liabilities ? Lord J. RUSSELL replied that votes would be taken for defraying actual liabilities. Lord G. BEN'TINCK inquired when the real budgets would be laid on the table ?—(Laughter.) Lord J. RUSSELL said with as little delay as possible. When the army and navy, ordnance and miscellaneous estimates were agreed to, and the Government were en abled to compare the actual expenditure with the re venue, his Right Hon. Friend would state to the House the ieformatien required. Mr. HUDSON trusted that the Right Hon. Baronet in doing so would recapitulate the former budget. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER—I will do all I can to please the Hon. Gentleman.—(Laughter.) THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHARITABLE TRUSTS BILL. Mr. ANSTEY withdrew this Bill till the next session, which was agreed tn. THE CATHOLIC RELIEF BILL. Sir R. 11. INGLIS said he was the last man in the House who could aik any favour of the Hon. Gentleman who had charge of this Bill (Mr. Anstey); but, looking at the period of the session, at the impossibility of its passing this session, and at the great time that had been devoted to it, he thought the Hon. Gentleman would do well in also withdrawing this Bill. Mr. SPOONER joined in the appeal. Sir G. GREY explained that the Hon. and Learned Gentleman was not responsible for the time that had been taken up by this Bill, as he had had to contend with much opposition upon matters of detail, as there , was not much difference of opinion on its ge neral principles. At this late period of the session he could not expect to proceed much further with it ; and therefore, on that ground, he joined with them in thinking that he would do well to withdraw the Bill. Mr. GOULBURN complained that much valuable time had been wasted on this Bill, and considered that the Hon. and Learned Gentleman should bow to the ex pressed wish of the House. Mr. STAFFORD urged the Hon. and Learned Gen tleman to do so, as he had had a fair share of the time and attention of the House. Mr. ANSTEY did not wish to oppose the will of the House, but •he felt bound to proceed with the Bill. He complained that the Government in and out of office had paltered with the Roman Catholics, with the Noncon formists, and with other religious bodies, playing at one time upon one body, and at others on another, as it suited their electioneering and other purposes. He had little faith in their promises, and should proceed with his Bill. He therefore begged to move that the order of the day be read. - Lord J. RUSSELL said he had always voted for the removal of religious disabilities. After a few words from the Earl of Arundel and Sur rey. Mr. Newdegate. and Mr. Anstey, The ATTORNEY-GENERAL, although he was in favour of the Bill, and had at great personal inconve nience attended Wednesday atter Wednesday to give it his support, thought at the present period of the session it would bo better to postpone the measure. Mr. LAW then proposed, as an amendment, that the House should go into Committee on the Bill that day three months. Mr. C. ANSTEY felt bound to make a few observa tions to the House, in consequence of the insinuations of the Attorney-General. Re had stated that he (Mr. Anstey) had been influenced in bringing forward the Bill by a desire to bring himself into notice. That in sinuation he denied, and in proof of it begged to state that before he had a seat in that House he was instru mental in introducing Lord Beaumont's Act and Lord Lyndhurst's; Act, and the present was the last instalment of what he wished to secure to the Roman Catholics. After a few words from the Attorney-General in ex. planation, and some observations from Mr. Urquhart, Mr. C. Anstey, and Mr. Sharman Crawford, M r . P. 110 ATARD trusted that the Hon. Member for Youghal would withdraw the Bill rather than encounter an adverse division. Strangers were then ordered to withdraw, and the House divided, when there appeared-- For going into Committee 4O Against it Majority against going into Committee —47 The Bill was consequently lost. APPEALS IN CRIMINAL CASES. The second reading of this Bill was postponed. PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS BILL. Oa the motion for the reading of the order of the day for receiving the report on the Parliamentary Elections Bill, Lord GALWAY moved as an amendment that the report be received that day six months. After some observations from Sir B. Hall , 11 Frowen, Mr. 4).Tewilee•ate, and Sir De Lacy . — Evans, The House divided, when there appeared.. 66 For receiving the report ••• • 62 Against it ... ..• ••• ••.. Majority against it ••• The report was accordingly agreed to, and the Bil: ordered to he engrossed. The other orders of the day were postponed with the exception of the CONSOLIDATED FUND BILL, The report of which was brought up and agreed The Highland Roads and Bridge Bill went through Committee.—Report to-morrow. RUM DUTES. Mr. BERNAL brought up the resolutions of the Com mittee on the rum duties, which were agreed to, and leave given to bring in a Bill. SALE OF BEER BILL. On the order of the day for the second reading of this Bill being moved, Captain PECIIELL said he should oppose the motion. This was a dropped order, and many Hon. Gentlemen who were opposed to the measure did not anticipate that it would come on to-day. Mr. TATTON EGERTON said this was a most im portant Bill, and one which was generally approved of out of doors. The object was to compel the closing of beer-shops at a certain hour on Saturday night, and he thought, as it was calculated to promote morality amongst the poorer classes of society, the House ought not to object to the second reading at this late period of the. session. The Hon. and Gallant Member opposite said this measure was opposed by the licensed victu allers, but he could assure the House that instead of be ing opposed, it was supported by the licensed victu allers as a body. Mr. JACKSON said he shoull be wanting in his duty if he did not support the second reading of the Bill, for in the immediate district from which he came scenes of dissipation and immorality were constantly occurring from the want of a law of this nature. The ATTORNEY -GENERAL said he was prepared to support the second reading of the B reserve to himself the righy, of opposing some o ill, but he must f its pro visions in CornuajPee• Mr. J. R. SMITH supported the Bill. Mr. THORNELY did not think it advisable that the provisions of this Bill shouldlae extended to every vil p la or road-side ,publiciionSe, but it might be desirable 4 t° apply ~,.t.V.lfirge towns, and he was therefore not avers' io to seem l reading of the Bill. Mr. TATTON EGERTON could assure the Hon. Member opposite that the necessity for a law of this sort prevailed just as much in rural districts as in large towns. Sir BENJAMIN HALL said, if the provisions of the Bill were. modified in Committee Le should have no obje t ;ion to it 3 passing. T-11 gTT N, N ON, T VASPAY After a few words from Lord Galway-, Mr. Wryld, and Mr. Beresford, the Bill was read a second time and ordered to be committed on Friday. The remaining orders of the day were then disposed of, and the louse adjourned. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. MIDLAND CIRCUIT, Northampton, July 18. CROWN COURT.—(Before Lard Chief Justice DENMAN.) Edmund Franklin and Edward Randall were indicted for manslaughter, in having feloniously, on the 7th of last month, in this town, caused the death of William Cornfield, by administering to and causing to he taken by him a certain quantity of arseuite of copper. There were several counts in the indictment, which was very lengthy, charging the offence in different ways. Their technical details would be tedious and uninteresting to the general reader, while the nature of [and the distinc tions between them may be gleaned from the subjoined statement of facts. The three first counts in effect charged them with wilfully administering it, well know ing that it was a deadly poison, and well knowing that the deceased was about to take it; and with wilfu lly placing it where any of her Majesty's subjects might take it, &c.; the two last with negligently and carelessly administering it, well knowing that it was deadly poison. They were also indicted on the coroner's inquisition, which charged that the prisoners, " not having the fear of God before their eyes, but being moved and seduced by the instigation of the devil, wickedly contriving and intending the said William Cornfield with poison feloni ously and wilfully to kill, &c , with force and arms, &c., feloniously and wilfully, a large quantity of a certain deadly poison (to wit) emerald green, otherwise arsenito of copper, that was to say one drachm of the said deadly poison, did put, mix, and mingle into and with a certain article of food called blancmanger, which the said William Cornfied was then and there about to eat (and with the intent that the said William Cornfield should take and eat) the same, they well knowing the said emerald green to he a deadly poison; and that the said William Corn field (not knowing the said poison to have been mixed with the said blancmanger) did afterwards take, eat, and swallow a large quantity, to wit, the quantity of half a pound of the said blancmange'', &e., by means whereof the said William Cornfield then and there be came, and then and there was, mortally sick and distem pered in his body, and of the said poison, so, &c., taken, &c., from the 7th until the Bth did languish, &c., and then die ; and the jurors, &c., say that Edmund Frank lin and Edward Randall him the said William Cornfield in manner and by the means aforesaid, feloniously and willfully did kill, &c." Mr. Flood and Mr. Bittleston conducted the prosecu tion ; Mr. Ilumfry, Q.C., and Mr. Miller appeared as counsel for Franklin ; and Mr. Macaulay on behalf of Randall. This case has excited a very great sensation in this town and part of the country, whilst it will furnish a most impressive warning to all consumers, if not to all purveyors of food. The prisoner Franklin has resided in this town for very many years, carrying on upon an extensive scale the business of a confectioner, and been highly respected. The younger prisoner was a respect able youth in his employ. The deceased was a gentle man much respected. It seems that Mr. Cornfield was an accountant in good business here. He took a strong interest in the affairs relating to a dissenting chapel of the Independent deno mination in King-street. On the 7th of June last the Rev. G. Nicholson, minister of that chapel, was or dained, and the members present at the ordination dined together in the Temperance-hall in Northampton, the dinner being provided by Franklin. The dinner com prised, amongst other things, soups, jellies, and blanc manger. One of the dishes of blancmanger was orna mented on the top by a cucumber (formed also of iskuic manger), with foliage round it of a vivid green colour, the colouring matter being described by some of the witnesses as extending to the thickness of the finger nail, and by others to more than halt an inch. The deceased gentleman portook of this blancmange'', as did several other gentlemen present. The effects produced upon ell of them were of a very alarming character, including vomiting, violent internal inflammation, heat in the throat, and thirst. These were the symptoms of the re ceptien of arsenical poison into the system in each case. Several of the gentlemen were obliged to leave the room, and suffered more or less severely, some of them not having completely recovered to the present time. The deceased was violently tick before he left the hall, and obliged to be removed in a carriage to his own house, which he had left about half-past ten in as good health as usual. The dine er was at half-past three o'clock. He regained his house at about halt-past six, when the vomiting and purging continued; went to bed at eight, and was a corpse at live in the morning. No doctor had been sent for, the deceased not complaining of pain after he got home, and Mrs. Cornfield having entertained no idea of the presence of poison. The post mortem examination was made by Mr. Faircloth and Mr. Bryan. The effects of violent inflammation were evi dent throughout the stomach and intestines, which were of an intense red culotte, the redness extending com pletely' through the coats of the stomach, and being ex ternally visible and internally. The post mortem exa mination showed the decease to have been other wise extensively diseased, a large calculus hav ing been found in one of his kidneys, which had hail also been reduced by disease to a mere bag of matter. There was also disease of the aorta and of the prostate gland. On so diseased a frame poison would act with greater violence. The proximate cause of death appeared to have been the cessation of the action of the heart produced by the extensive inflammation. The deceased was also afflicted with hernia, and the part affected presented a purple colour, which was said to be usually observed in cases of arsenical poisoning. The stomach and intestines, with their contents, was given for analysis to Mr. Greville, the chytniet. The remainder of the blancmanger was impounded with the other remnants from the dinner and the moulds used in making the confectionary. There was but little of the blane manger left, and the only traces of the green coloured matter were a few points hardly visible. A small por tion, however, was scraped from the edge of the dish with a penknife, which proved to be sufficient for the purpose of analysis by Mr. Greville, who was satisfied of the presence of copper. The blancmanger itself contained a few minute specks of green, hardly visible to the un assisted eye. Still, on testing them for copper, the result was conclusive. Mr. Greville at first thought that the portion removed from the dish edge might be too small to enable him to arrive at conclusive results as to the presence of arsenic, but he afterwards tested it and discovered conclusive proof that arsenic was present. He obtained from the witness, Mr. Barry, a respectable chymist in this town, some emerald green of the same kind as sold to the prisoner Randall. That was its commercial name, but it was sometimes called mineral green . From this green he separated a large portion of white arsenic. The green colouring gave decided arsenic results when tested by Marsh's apparatus. Arsenical results were also obtained from the contents of the viscera, but not copper, as from the small points in the blancmanger. This would be accounted for by the fact that the copper would be very quickly discharged and absorbed; not so with the arsenic. A small portion of emerald green in powder was discovered in the shop of Franklin, and being tested for copper decisive results were given of its presence,' but the quantity submitted was too small to be tested for arsenic also. A quantity of emerald green produced from various shops, and one parcel from Mr. Barry, a druggist in Northampton, who was proved to have frequently supplied Franklin with the article in question, were tested for arsenic and cop per. Both were produced, the analysis showing 471 per cent. of arsenic to be contained in the compound, the scien tific name of which is arienite of copper. Arsenic, which will tenaciously adhere to the coats of the stomach and the other viscera, is to be detected atter the copper has been ejected by vomiting or otherwise. The vomit was not preserved. The compound had been used by Franklin for some years in his business for colouring articles intended to be eaten. Randall was the person who mixed the deleterious matter on the present occasion, and he admitted that on this occasion he had used a some what larger portion than usual to give a more beautiful colour. Franklin was present superintending the dinner. Mr. Barry, the chemist, proved that Randall had fro quently, for years past, been to him to purchase the ar ticle for Franklin, and that certainly, on the first occa sion, and he believed on several others, he told him that it was poison, and not to use it for anything that was to be eaten. Other persons had come for it from time to time, for Franklin, and lie had told them the same. Had not thought it necessary to communicate that intelligence to Franklin himself, after having said so so many times. It seemed pretty clear that both the pri soners had long known that it was poison, for it ap peared that after its having been so represented to be, some three years ago, it had ceased to be mixed with any thing intended to be eaten. They seemed to have used it only ornamentally on this occasion, for which it had alone been recently used. However, when Randall was asked about it on this occasion, he at first said, as they had been accustomed to represent, that it was ex tract of spinach, but admitted afterwards that he knew it to be emerald green. It could not be contended for a moment that Franklin did not know it by name. If so, false statements were constantly made as to what it was, and ho must have known that it was poisonous, and so knowing left it to his apprentice to deal it out without ascertaining its strength or at all limiting the extent of its use. However, one wituess said, " Yes, it is poison ous if you take a pound of it," and another that " he d eat a pen'orth of it for twopence," which would give half an ounce of white arsenic or thereabouts, and be enough to kill a score of people, to say nothing of the copper, which is another strong poison. It app eared that this substance is sometimes known as mineral green, which contains no arsenic, but it a lso ap peared that mineral green was always sold in lum p s, the arsenite of copper being an impalpable powder, and further, from the evidence of Mr. Greville, that mineral green itself, which is a mixture of the hydrate of copper and carbonate of lime, would become a poison by the operation of the acidity of the stomach. It is worthy of mention that Mr. Greville said that Christison, in his work on poisons, was mistaken, for that the arsenite of copper was always commercially known in England as emerald green. It was clear that what was here used was the arsenite of copper (Scheele's green), that it caused death, and was administered under the circumstances above detailed. Whilst it was pretty certain that the prisoners knew that it was poison sus, it was not so certain that they either of theta k new of what it was composed, or that it was deadly to such an extent. In such a case it is not necessary, or perhaps advisable, to furnish the long scientific evidence in detail. After Mrs. Cornfield's evidence, Mr. Faircloth, the surgeon who had attended the de ceased for several years, was called, and proved that on the post-mortem examination of the body ha found all the usual peculiar appearances of death by arsenic or other irritant poison, pointing out the well known dis tinctions therein from those of death from long standing disease. Mr. J. M. Bryan, surgeon of this town, assisted at the examination, and corroborated the whole account of the last witness. Mr. H. M. Greville, of Northampton, practical che mist, proved that he was present at the examination, and confirmed the testimony of the other two gentlemen. He had analysed, and discovered arsenic and copper in the little that was left of the Iflancinanger and the very little found on the shelf at Franklin's, and 471 per cent. of white arsenic in that which he received from Mr. Barry as the same` . as that which he had supplied to the prisoner. He found white arsenic in the stomach of the deceased, but not copper, which he accounted for as before stated. He described all the ordinary tests that he had applied in the usual way. Mr. Betts, shoe-manufacturer, of Northampton; Mr. Porter, of Northampton, gentleman; Mr. John Groom, shoe-manufacturer; and Mr. George Macguire, were called to prove that they were at the dinner and partook of the blancmanger, and the dreadful extent and dura tion of their sufferings. Waiters and other witnesses were called, whose testi mony will have sufficiently appeared above. Charles Woolston proved that he was formerly in the service of Mr. Franklin. Was with him five years, and assisted him in his business. After he had been there about three years a young man came there and first in troduced emerald green. Afterwards witness used it in a small quantity, about three thimbles full. This was for blanernanger in a small mould, representing a plum with two leaves and stem, which leaves and stem were green. The whole was to be eaten. Never remembered any previous instance of illness. Had eaten blanemanger. Had used it twice. When witness went to Mr. Barry's to fetch a penny worth Mr. Barry told him it was poison. This was about two years and a half ago. Franklin saw witness use the emerald green after Mr. Barry had told witness it was poison. Witness communicated it to Franklin and to Randall, who were both together at the time. After witness told Franklin that emerald green was poison it was not used for eJlouring, articles intended to be eater. [The substance of the rest of this wit ness's testimony appears in the statement above.] Mr. Huatrav addressed the jury on behalf of Mr. Franklin, and Mr. MACAULAY on behalf of Randall. The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE then summed up the case, leaving it to the jury to say whether or not the prisoners, both, or either of them, knew that it wits poison ? in like manner, whether or not they were guilty of culpa ble negligence in the administering of it ? The jury answered the question in the affirmative as to both prisoners, returning a verdict accardingly, against both of Guilty of Manslaughter. His LORDSHIP, in a very feeling and impressive ad dress, sentenced them both to imprisonment for three calendar months. This case concluded the business of the assizes for this county at seven o'clock. WESTERN ClRCUlT.—Winchester, July 18. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Justice WILLIAMS.) William Atter was indicted for the wilful murder of James O'Connor by striking and beating him with a ma llet upon the head and face, on the 10th of June, giving him divers mortal wounds, of which he languished until the 11th of June, when he died. Mr. Greenwood and Mr. Collyer were cunsel for the prosecution; and Mr. Missing defended the prisoner. It appeared that the prisoner was a convict at Ports mouth, and was under the superintendence of the de ceased. On the 10th of June, about half-past eleven o'clock, the prisoner was in a passage adjoining the tittiug loft; several of the convicts were also there. O'Connor was in the passage likewise. A man named Smith, a seaman rigger, was in the loft. He heard a heavy blow struck in the passage. He looked up and saw O'Connor in the act of falling on his back. The prisoner had a . . mallet which he held up offer his shoulder with both hands, and as O'Connor fill the prisoner struck hint a most violent blow on the face with the mallet. Some of the parties picked him up ; he was covered with blood. The prisoner said, " I told him I would cook his goose, and I have done it." The deceased was re moved to the Star Hotel ; he was insensible. A sur geon instantly attended him. His eyes were obscured in consequence of the injury. There was a wound between the eyes ; the bones of the nose were broken to pieces, and the right side of the lip was completely divided, and was bleeding profusely. On the following day, about three o'clock, he was delirious, violent, and fero cious, and it took six. men to hold him. Ho soon after wards began to sink, and died at ten o'clock that night. The surgeon was of opinion that the death was caused by bruises, contusions, compound fracture of the skull, and ex travasation of blood on the brain. On the same day, after the blows were struck, the prisoner was put into a solitary cell on board the York convict ship, when he talked to a man named King, who was confined in an opposite cell. He said, " I have done for one King asked him whom he meant ? The prisoner re-plied, " O'Connor ; I gave the - a blow on the head ar.d knocked him down ; the - turned up his eyes and I gave him another blow :on the face and knocked his nose flat on his face, and I saw the old devil stand round the -- as I killed him. I told you I would do it. I looked for an opportunity all the morning before I could get one. I was an hour before I could get anything to do it with ; at last I found the mallet, and that I killed the - with." The prisoner asked where he should be " topped ?" King told him at Winchester. Tho prisoner then said, " I shall make a fine !p?ech on the scaffold." At the conclusion of the case for the prosecution, Mr. MtssiNa said, it was not necessary for him to address the jury ; he had watched the case, and that was all he coula do. At the request of the prisoner a written statement was read. In that statement he said that O'Connor had driven him wrongfully ; that they could give him no sa tisfaction ; that he had begged the captain to shift him, for if he did not he should get into trouble, as he could not bear it any longer ; that O'Connor had afterwards treated him worse than before, and taken him before the captain, and charged him with using threatening lan guage ; that after that he was in such a passion that he scarcely knew what ho was doing ; that he was very sorry for the act, and begged the Court to have mercy on him. (We are assured that it was intended to shift the prisoner at the end of the week ; that his name was down for that purpose, and that he knew it.) Mr. Justice WILLIAMS, in summoning up, told the jury that if they were of opinion Atter had caused the death of O'Connor without any lawful reason, it would be their duty, however painful it might be, to find him guilty. The jury in a few minutes returned a verdict of Guilty, and he was sentenced to death. The prisoner conducted himself with the utmost pro priety in the dock. The court was crowded to excess. Stephen Morris, jun., William Smith, and Charles Brntcher were indicted for the wilful murder of Charles Payne on the 22d of February. Mr. Poulden and Mr. Massey were Counsel for the prosecution; Mr. Missing defended Smith; Mr. Sewell appeared for Morris; and Mr. Prideaux for Bratcher. This unfortunate affair arose out of a poaching trans action. The prosecutor was Mr. Drummond, who is the owner of large estates at Cadlands, in the parish of Fawley, in this county. On the night of the 26th of February, John Cull, James Cull, and Charles Payne, who were gamekeepers, started about twelve o'clock at night to look after poachers. They heard the report of a gun in the Ferne hill copse; they proceeded in that di rection, and heard the report of another gun iu the same copse. They then suspected that the party would go to Shobland's copse. John Cull and Payne went and hid themselves behind a barley-rick in Hoarstone-field. In consequence of a noise they heard they came from be hind the rick, and saw five men facing them. John Cull went and collared two of them. He saw a person go to wards Payne, and he believed that person to be Morris, with whom ho bad been acquainted for a considerable length of time. The men John Cull had collared strug gled very much, and one of them got away, but he secured the other, who turned out to be Smith. During the strug gle John Cull heard au exceedingly heavy blow, followed by the discharge of a gun. James Cull then came up. Two persons laid hold of him, and beat him so as to render him senseless. When he came to himself, he got up and went towards Payne whom he found lying on the ground insensible. Theythen handcuffed Smith to Payne, and went and got a light and a cart. Upon their return they found the stock of a gun under Payne's shoulder. It had blood upon it. The barrel of the gun was lying near. They searched Smith's pockets and found some pheasants in them. They took Payne home. At daylight they returned again to the spot, and found two cloth caps and a rabbit skin cap. The pri soner Morris lived about a mile from this field, and next door to a Mrs. Clavell. About one o'clock that morning Mrs. Clavell heard cries and moans in Morris's house. She got up and went into his house, and found him complaining that ho had Met with an ac cident, and had shot himself. She went for a sur geon, who found a gun shot wound in the pit of his stomach. Morris told the surgeon he had been out shooting, and in drawing the gun through a hedge it had gone off and shot him. Payne never became sensi ble, and died on the following Wednesday of a blow he had received with a gun on his head. The three pri soners were together at a beerhouse that night. Bratcher had on a rabbit skin cap, similar to the one felled in the field. Mr. Sowell, Mr. Missing, and Mr. Prideaux submitted that the charge of murder could not be supported be cause the gamekeepers had no right to apprehend those parties. In order to give the keepers that autho rity it was requisite that the parties should have been in a close with intent to kill game." there," in that very close in which they were apprehended; the parties, therefore, had a right to resist their apprehension, and could only be convicted of manslaughter. Mr. POULDEN urged the contrary of this proposition. Mr. Justice WILLIAMS said be should consult Mr. Justice Coleridge on this point, whether or not a servant of an occupier of land had a right to arrest parties who were not in either of the lands in which they intended to kill game, but being on the land with intent to kill game, but not to kill game " there." The Learned JUDGE having had a conference with Mr. Justice Coleridge, returned into court, and said, that they were of opinion that there was no Li authority to arrest these parties . In order to give power to arrest, the parties arrested must be found upon land committing one of the offences named in the first section of the statute; that the party must enter or be upon the land where he was arrested with intent to kill game on that very land. In this case there was no evidence that the parties were upon the land when they were arrested, with intent to kill game there; therefore the offence was reduced to manslaughter. and Mr. Prideaux then Mr. Missing, Mr. Sewell, ad dressed the jury on behalf of their respective clients. Mr. Justice WILLIAMS having summed up, The jury returned a verdict of Not Guilty. The same prisoners were then indicted for night poaching. The jury found them Guilty; and Mr. Justice WILLIAMS sentenced them to seven years' transportation each. SOUTH WALES CIRCUIT, Cardiff, July 17. (Before Mr. Justice WIGHTMAN.) Thomas Martin and Michael Leas y were indicted for the wilful murder of John Williams, in the parish of Swansea, in this county, on the night of the Bth of Muy last. There was a second indictment against the pri. IRELAND. [The following letters from a Dublin correspondent appeared in our Third Edition of last night]: — DUBLIN, TUESDAY MORNING, NINE O'CLOCK• A Privy Council was summoned last night, to be held this afternoon. I have ascertained that Dublin, Cork, and Waterford, are to be proclaimed, under the Act for the Suppression of Crime in Ireland. The Lord-Lieutenant will preside at the Council, and the necessary proclamations will be issued. They will appear in the Dublin Gazette this night, and copies will be sent off by the mails to Cork and Wa terford. You might have anticipated some such de cided proceeding as this from my letter of yesterday. The Government, I understand, has information of a conspiracy not only to defeat the ends of :justice in the approaching trials, hut, by actual force, to subvert all law and order, and `to engage this country in a deadly struggle, by means similar to those employed in Paris. _ _ DUBLIN, TUESDAY MORNING, lIALF•PAST TEN. A large force of constabulary, from the depot in the Pcenix-park, are at this moment embarking on board the Rhadamanthus, at Kingstown, for Water ford, where the revolutionary party have assumed a threatening aspect. It is stated that the Lord-Lieutenant is to sail fur London this evening, and that the object of his visit is connected with the alarming condition of some parts of this country. A number of the horses of his Excellency are now on board the Albert steamer, which is to sail from the North 'Wall in a few minutes. NAPLES. We extract the following from the official return of the Neapolitan General : " On the 27th June, at day-break, the column com manded by General Nunziante was near Angitola. A little beyond were the outposts of the insurgents, who were driven back with the loss of their arms and ammunition, and two small pieces of artillery, the steamer Antelope keeping up a brisk fire from the sea. The column then advanced, chasing the insurgents that lay concealed i❑ the bushes. At the passage near the establishment of the Apostolito the ambuscades had dis appeared, and up to this point the troops had sustained no loss eithor in killed or wounded. At the passage of Bevilacqua, the attack was recommenced with greater vigour, the insurgents taking advantage of the ground, thickly studded with bushes and small trees. A regi ment advanced to the attack, and drove back the insur gents from Caringua to the Bosco della Madonna, each company as it advanced taking precautions to protect the passage of the following company. " Two other columns were meantime carrying on their operations o❑ the road between Monteleone, Francavilla, and Filadelfia. On arriving at the last-mentioned place, the inhabitants advanced with feigned friendship, en- deavouring to allure the troops into the town, the bet ter to overcome them; thence it occurred, that although the commander of the troops had determined to remain outside, some soldiers of the 6th Regiment of the line having entered the town to buy provisions, they were attacked; the consequence of which was that a regular fight ensued between the soldiers and the people, in which forty of the latter were killed. This place was the head-quarters of the insurgents. Order having been re-established, Major Grossi commanded all arms to be given up, and five pieces of artillery, a large number of guns, swords, and ammunition were seized; some pri soners were taken, amongst others a certain Stillitano. The column returned to Pizzo on the 20th, where a ser vant of the captive Stillitano having shot a sentinel, a scuffle ensued, in which the two Mosalini of Pizzo lost their lives, and some others. " General Nunziaate had meantime driven the insur gents beyond Maida, in which town he remained for two days; and not bearing from Major Grossi, he returned with all his troops to Monteleone and Pizzo, having dis armed the inhabitants of Monteleone, who had risen as soon as the troops had left. 'The losses sustained by the troops in these operations were two men killed, and one officer and twenty-two men wounded. The loss of the insurgents was severe, but can not be accurately ascertained, owing to the skirmishing having taken place on wooded and mountainous ground. Amongst their slain are the leaders Mazzei, Onghera, and Morelli. So much for the false account of 400 slain, and the defeat of General' Nunziaute, inserted in some of the Italian journals." RAILWAY COMMITTEES. (YESTERDAY.) HOUSE OF LORDS. GROUP No. 6.—GREAT WESTERN (Arrangements with Birmingham and Oxford Junction Company, and power to lay down the Mixed Gauge from Fenny Comp ton to Birmingham).—Case for the promoters and oppo sition of dissentient shareholders further considered. GROUP No. 7.—FLEETWOOD, PRESTON, AND WEST RIDING JUNCTION (Burnley and Collieries Branches). — Case fur the promoters, and opposition of the East Lan cashire Company further considered. GROUP No. B.—GREAT WESTERN (Branch from Slough to Windsor).—Case for the promoters, and oppr salon of South-Western Company further considered. One ground of opposition is, that the proposed line will interfere with the playground of the Eton boys. ELECTION COMMITTEE. DUBLIN. The interminable scrutiny into the validity of Mr. Reynolds's majority was resumed yesterday, but the peti tioners failed to strike off any additional votes. Several votes were attacked on the ground that the electors were defaulters on the grand jury cess, but the Committee did not think the evidence in any of the cases sufficiently proved that the proper requisites for requiring payment had been gone through. CEYLON RAILWAY COMPANY. The second general meeting of this company was held yesterday, at their offices in Broad• street-buildings, when the report of the directors was submitted which contained a correspondence between .11r. 13. Hawes, the Under-Secretary for the Colonies, and Mr. Noad, the secretary for the company, in which the former, on behalf of Lord Grey, refuses a guarantee from the Imperial Treasury of five per cent. on the paid-up capi tal of the company, although there was no objection to the local Government giving such guarantee on its own funds. A call of ten shillings a share was proposed; but after some discussion a call of five shillings was recom mended instead, and the meeting was ultimately ad journed till the 3d of August, to decide upon the amount. NEW ZEALAND. (From Tuesday's Gazette.) DOWNING-STREET, JULY 14.—The Queen has been pleased to issue the following additional instructions, under the Royal sign manual and signet, to the Governor in-Chief of Now Zealand, for repealing the 6th section , of the 14th chapter of the Royal Instructions to that officer respecting the aborigines of that colony : Whereas, in pursuance of an Act of Parliament, made and enacted in the 9th and 10th years of our reign, in tituled " An Act to make further provision for the Go vernment of the New Zealand Islands," we did, by cer tain letters patent under the great seal of our United Kingdom, bearing date at Westminster the 23d day of December, 1846, in the tenth year of our reign, execute certain of the powers in us by the said Act vested ; and whereas in further pursuance of the said Act, and in ex ercise of the powers thereby in us vested, and in exer cise of all and every other the powers in us in that behalf vested, we did further issue certain instructions under our sign manual and signet, approved in our Privy Council, being the instructious accompanying or referred to in such letters patent, as relation being had unto the said letters patent and instructions will inure fully and at large ap pear. And whereas it is directed by the 6th section of the 14th chapter of the said instructions, being the chap ter entitled respecting th e a b or i g i nes o f New Zealand," that "in cases arising between the aboriginal inhabitants of New Zealand alone, beyond the limits of the said aboriginal districts, and in whatever relates to the rela tions to and the dealings of such aboriginal inhabitants with each other beyond the Caine limits, the courts and magistrates of the entire province, or of the district in which such cases may arise, shall enforce such native laws, customs, and usages as aforesaid." And whereas by the said recited Act it is enacted, that it shall be lawful for us, from time to time, to amend, and fur that purpose to add to, or, if necessary, to repeal any such instructions. And whereas it hath appeared to us dob yvirt herebyu st ructions, 6th e of the power in u s b y expedient to r e p eal the 6t h section of the 14th chapter t of the instructions aforiewsastadi;d c aer o our sat in nAo c w t ve th st e e r d e , fo w r e e' is hereby rep p ealed f accordingly. r reeal the and thesecti on of same h the 14th t 'd • FETE AT FULHANl.—Yesterday her Majesty the Queen, Prince Albert, and the rust of the Roya al Famillow ily, honoured with their prese nce the fete given t W Bank, the residence of Arthur Webster, Esq., in aid of the Baths and Wash-houses in Goulstone-square , chapel, which was also attended by the elite of the ,nor no bility. The grand concert was conducted by Si Costa, and at which the following distinguished a rtistes, who kindly gave their services, sang with their usual ability:—Mesdames Castellani Mane. Alboni, Signori Mario, Tamburini , Lablac he, and M. Roger as also, during the dancing of Countess de Flahault's quadrille, the Countess of Eglinton's Juvenile Quadrille, and Lady Eddesbury'a Quadrille, in the large tent erected for the purpose. M. Robert Houdin afterwards gave his Seance Funtastique. Messrs. A. Sedgwick and Scafe'A Concertina Quartette party performed several piece s b !fore the Queen, All the favourite resorts of the lake districts have for some time past been crowded with tourists, among whom are many of the English nobility, yet a still greater c n o u u m n t b r e y r by of F the re s ' e t o h r fames,m s oilfithewhlaotehraevveoblueteinond,riavnend are now luxuriating in the beauties of Windermere, Ullswater, Coniston, Gasmere, Dement, and the rest •of the noble sheets of water that Gem this part of her Majesty's dominions.—Cumberland Pacquet. VENIN JULY uo s atA sooners for the murder of one Jeukin Evan, at the same time and ph , ..ce. Mr. R. \V. Grove and Mr. Benson conducted the pro. secutien ; the prisoners were defended by Mr. Sergeant Jones. It appeared from the case stated by Mr. Grove, and the evidence in support of it, that on the night in goes• tion a party of labouring people were holding an assem blage, called by the natives a " Cwrw-bach," at an un occupied cottage on the roadside, between Loughor and Swansea. The abject of these meetings is to collect subscriptions among neighbours and friends for a young couple about to be married, and on this occasion, as is too frequently the case, the parties assembled had drunk large quantities of beer, and the whole party, about 20 in number, were more or less intoxicated. It so hap pened that on the night in question the two prisoners, accompanied by three other Irishmen, had been paid ofl from one of the railway contract works at Loughor, and were proceeding to Swansea. About midnight they ar rived at this cottage, and joined the party there, who supplied them with beer and kept on good terms with them for some time, when a dispute arose between a younger brother of Michael Leary and a Weiiihnian about the low rate of wages at which the Irishmen con sented to work. A general rush took place towards the door through which the two disputants had staggered and fallen together over the threshold, and in an instant the deceased, John Williams, was stabbed to the heart by one of the Irishmen in the midst of all the party. The other murdered man, Jenkin Evan, was coming down the road at the time, and hearing a cry of " Mur der," he appears to have seized hold of the younger Leary. who was the first man that ran out from the court -yard in front of the cottage into the high-road. Jenkin Evan was also instantly stabbed to the heart, apparently by the same hand and weapon as had given the fatal blow to John Williams. The Irishmen escaped in the darkness and confusion, and after passing the night in Swansea they set off the following morning for Cardiff; but owing to the activity of the county police they were appre hended in the course of that day. The only man who could give any direct evidence as to the actual perpetrator of this double murder, was the younger Leary, who swore to having seen Tomas Martin rush out from the doorway with an open clasp knife in his left hand; and stab John Williams as be stood on the left side of the door. This evidence was confirmed by that of several witnesses, who spoke to threats used by Thomas Martin, which appear to have satisfied the jury that he was always prepared, in the event of any dispute resulting in a personal conflict, to use a knife ; and that he was actually so prepared on the night in question. Similar evidence was give❑ as to Michael Leary, but the only direct evidence against him was that of several witnesses, who spoke to the fact of his having used a spade in the conflict, and having struck some of the party on the head with it. Mr. Sergeant JONES made a powerful appeal on behalf of the prisoners; and The Learned JUDGE summed up the case with great care and perspicuity. The jury deliberated for about half an hour, and then returned a verdict of Guilty against Thomas Martin for the murder, and against Michael Leary for aiding and abetting him in it. MS LORDSHIP immediately proceeded to pass sentence of death against both the prisoners, holding out to them no hope of mercy. The silence maintained during the early' part of his Lordship's very affecting address to the prisoners was painfully broken towards the conclusion by the cries of their unfortunate wives and children, who were waiting outside the court and had received intelli gence of the result 01 the trial. The prisoners, who are intelligent looking men, both displayed the most astonishing indifference throughout he whole proceedings. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. Mr. B. Isaacs, a gentlemen who stated himself to be a magistrate in Jamaica, applied to the Lord Mayor fur his Lordship's interference in what he considered to be a ease of great hardship. He was attended by four seamen, natives of Jamaica, who had lately arrived in this country on board the Marian, Captain John Bradley. He stated that the crew of the Marian had for some reason, upon arriving at that destination, abandoned the ship, and the captain was of course reduced to the al ternative of remaining, to his serious loss and incon venience, on the island, or employing whatever seamen he could find to work the vessel home. lie chose the latter; and he induced the four seamen who were his Lordship's petitioners on the present occasion to per form the duties on the homeward voyage, having en dorsed the articles with which they entered with words to the effect that he engaged to furnish them with ordi nary seamen's berths on board some vessel returning to Jamaica within seven days after their arrival in London, or to pay them wages until such should be done. Instead, however, of fulfilling his agreement with the poor men Captain Bradley thought proper, after having given them a few shillings to cast them off altogether, and they were wandering about in a state of destitution, until they happened to meet a person who was disposed to appeal to the authorities in their behalf. Captain Bradley, upon being written to upon the subject, merely acknowledged the receipt of the letter. - 'rhe LORD MAYOR—Has any complaint been made on the :subject elsewhere? Mr. Isaacs—Yes. The case Was represented to Mr. Ballantine at the Thames rolicc (Alice, who sent to the captain to represent the hardship of the case; but the application was met by a negative. The LORD MAYOR—Have the owners of the vessel been applied to? Mr. Isaacs—The owner, Mr. Neil Malcolm, is, I believe, on the continent; but I saw his clerk, who could not act in the matter, end who referred me to the captain. The captain, however, declares that he will do nothing for the men except upon compulsion by a court of law. Two of tlei men could. I have been given to understand, have obtained berths in the Calypso to return to Jamaica if they had been supplied with the money fairly due to them for the purpose of redeeming their clothes, without which they could not go upon the voyage. Mr. Ballantine had regretted that it was not in his power to do anything for the seamen under all the circumstances. 'rhe LORD MAYOR—I am very sorry that there is no Act of Parliament which arms me with the power to do justice to these men. We can constrain persons who would act with similar unfairness towards natives of Asia and Africa; but the authority of interference does not extend to the natives of our own colonies. I consider the conduct you describe as exceedingly reprehensible, and regret that the owner, who I inn convinced would never tolerate anything of the kind, is out of town. I, however, think that upon your application at the office of the Registrar-General of Seamen, who has been most active in bringing to punishment deserters from our ships abroad, facilities will be rendered to accom plish the benevolent object of sending these poor men home. The LORD MAYOR received a letter from the keeper of the Giltspur-street prison, informing him that a young man, named R. C. Tweddle, traveller to Mr. D. Lloyd, wholesale grocer, in Rood-lane, had expired yesterday morning. The unfortunate man had been on Friday charged with having received from a customer of the house the sum of 368/. 18s. without having accounted for it in due time; he was soon after seized with delirium which ended in death. BOIV-STREET. 11 7 iNam Harvey, a letter carrier at the Croydon post officeiWasi charged with stealing a money letter and se veral of the daily newspapers. It was proved that, owing to the complaints of some inhabitants of Croydon that their letters and newspapers did not always come to hand, Mr. Sculthorpe, a presi dent in the Post-office, tested the honesty of the carriers and sorters in that district by causing a letter, contain ing some marked money, to be addressed and posted to Mr. Fuller, an estate-agent, at Croydon, taking care to watch its safe transmission from St. M a rtin's -le-Grand. On the arrival of the bag at Croydon the letters were sorted out by the carriers as usual; but, on inquiry be ing made for the one addressed to Mr. Fuller, no one seemed to know anything about it. A search was made for it, and it was at length found among the prisoner's letters, although not belonging to his delivery. He de clared he did not know how it came there, unless it was min-sorted. It had not been opened. The prisoner was given into custody on suspicion of stealing the letter, and at his house the officers found parts of the newspapers, with their directions upon them. Mr. JARDINE comtnitted him for trial, but in conside ration of the prisoner's character, which was well s p o k en of, and his long connexion with the Post-office (fourteen years), coupled with some peculiar circumstances in the case as regarded the letter, his Worship consented to take bail, which was instantly given. Class lll.—lloberts, Kershaw, Cato, Sowerby. Military Class.—Heathorn, M'Grigor. CIVIL ENGINEERING. Class I.—Codrington, Ackland, Biv.gers, Davidson. Class ll.—Kershaw, Cato, Robertson, Roberts. Class lll.—Riley, Sowerby, Stewart, Hay ton. COLLEGE OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, PUTNEY. On Tuesday the annual distribution of prizes at this valuable institution took place in the hall of the College, in the presence of a numerous and distinguished party of visitors. The meeting was also honoured by the presence of his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge; and amongst the company we noticed the Bishops of London and Oxford, the Earl of Devon, Lord W. Fitzroy, Sir Charles Sullivan, Mujor Oliphant, Colonel Sykes, Major Shadwell Clerke, General Sir C. Pastey, Mr. Rennie, Captain Moorsom, Hon. and Rev. C. L. Courtonay, Hun. F. Tollemache, ➢I.P. The proceedings commenced by a general review of the progress of the college during the year by the Rev. the Principal, who, after alluding to the advances made by the students, called the attention of the meeting to the plans in progress for improving the college system by the addition of classes of metallurgy and general engineering for Indian officers. On this latter point he dwelt at some length, urging upon those gentleman present who were connected with India the great advantages to bo derived from promoting instruction in civil engineering among the officers in both services, civil and military. He then referred to the measures in progress under the Government for improving the con dition of our large towns, which would require the ser vices of numerous well.educated, intelligent officers to carry them out efficiently ; and he thought that they ought to be satisfied that the demand for a practical and scientific education, such as could be obtained at the college, would constantly increase. The following is the prize list for the past year:-- MATHEMATICS. Class 1.-Ist div., Shearwood , S im p son ;2d div., Coghlan. Class 11.-Ist div., Da Bourbel, Christie, Robertson (mg.); 2d div., Gou(Jie, Candy, seri., Candy, jun. Class 111.-Ist div., Riley. Hayton, Blair. CHYMISTRY AND PHYSICS. Class I.—Broadrick, Codrington, Simpson. Cass IL—Candy, sen., Candy, jun., itilvy. GEOLOGY. Codrington, Coghlan, Kershaw. GEODESY. Class I.—Christie, 6ughlan, Ackland, Codrington. Class IL—Robertson, Simpson, Shear wood, Wood. ward. ARCHITECTURE. C:1163 L—Broadrick, Codrington, Ackland. Biggers. Class ll.—Shearwood, Nethersole, Kershaw, Cato. Clazs lll.—Hayton, De Bourbel, Sowerby, Candy, MACHINERY. Clash Brodrick, Whichello, Woodward. Drawings.—Christie. Class ll.—Cato. Drawings.—Cato, Kershaw (req ) Class lII.—De Quetteville, Hayton (cog.). Manipulation .—Skinns.r, Lowe, Nethersule. Christie, Woodward. PERSPECTIVE. FRENCH. Class I.—Kershaw, Do Bourbel. Class IL—Cato, Candy, son. GERMAN. Class I.—Broadriek, Kershaw (xq ), Class ll.—Candy, sen. ESSAY ON WATER SUPPLY TO TOWNS. Robertson, Codrington, Simpson (mq.). The President, his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, the Bishop of London, and General Sir C. Pasley addressed the meeting in brief and appropriate terms. The Right Rev. Prelate in particular referred to the benefits of religious education, as illustrated by recent events in this country and abroad. After the company had left the College-hall, some in teresting experiments were exhibited in the laboratories with a magnet of enormous power. The:drawings of the students in two large rooms were next inspected. Soma of them were extremely good, and showed that the in struction given in this department is of the best kind. In the machinery department, a curious model locomo . _ . tive for common roads, driven by compressed air, and also a new rotatory engine, were eyi!ibited, both ha:mg been constructed in the College workshop. It is very interesting to find that the most recent at tempts at invention are practically tested in this in stitution. After a handsome luncheon to the guests in vited, the proceedings terminated with evening prayers in the chapel, which has been much improved since uur last visit to the College. THE METROPOLITAN SANITARY COMMISSION. A third report from the Metropolitan Sanitary Commission was laid before the House of Lords on Friday. The subject of this report is an epidemic fever which recently broke out among the scholars of the Westminster School and the inhabitants of the houses in the neighbourhood. The report commences thus. ° Having been informed that cases of fever of a pecu liar nature have recently occurred among the scholars of the Westminster School, as well as among the inhabi tants of several houses in the Cloisters and precincts of the Abbey Church, and rumour having ascribed the origin of this fever to the emptying and cleansing of a number of cesspools in the immediate neighbourhood, we have considered that the circumstances were such as to require investigation. " We have accordingly examined the masters of the school, its regular medical attendants, the physicians consulted on the occasion, and the officers of the works, together with such other persons connected with the lo cality as were likely to afford information, and we find the facts, as far as we have been able to ascertain them, to be as follows." It appears that in all 36 persons were attacked, 32 of them within a period of I t days; and that there were 5 deaths, 3 among the scholars, and 2 among the in habitants. The report enters into the circumstances connected with the sickness, which were examined at great length, and the following is a summary of the results arrived at:— " After having devoted to the examination of the circumstances attendant on the fever that has occurred in this small locality an extent of labour that might have sufficed to investigate the sanitary condition of a large mess of the population, we have found on the whole—That whereas it has been stated that fever broke out immediately after the cleansing of the cesspools, the fact is found to be that eight weeks elapsed between the emptying of the last cesspool and the first case of fever--a period which, according to the predominant medical testimony, puts out of the question the operation as an exciting cause of fever, even if it had been performed in such a manner as to evolve large quantities of noxious gases, instead of by a method which produces incomparably less effluvia than any process heretofore known. That whereas it has been stated that the fever weed an entirely new type such as had never been seen or observed before in that or any other place, the fact appears to be that the type is one well known and recognized as prevalent for years past in that very locality and neighbourhood, as well as in all other parts of the metropolis. That whereas it was stated that fever was entirely unknown before in the place in question, the fact appears to be that fever had occurred there the year before, and also in 1846, as testified by Dr. Basham, and cases had occurred in former years ; and although no regular' record has been pre served, there is good reason to believe that epidemics have from time to time occurred there, and that there has been no such entire previous emetnptions as reputed. That whereas it was represented that there was an excess of fever cases iii the Westminster district after the cleansing operations, it appears, from particular inquiries its the places cleansed, that there has been a decided reduction in the sickness experienced, and throughout the district a less amount of sickness than previously. That whereas it has been stated that an offensive smell was perceived in the school, produced by the filling up of a cesspool that had been cleansed some weeks before, the fact is found to be, that this particular cesspool gave out no unusual smell on that occasion but that the smell complained of probably arose from the emanations given off troin a large cesspool which had never been cleansed at all, and which communicated with the whole line of a foul sewer passing directly under the school; the evaporating surface of this sewer, as far as it hits been possible to explore it, which is only through a com paratively small part of its course, being estimated at 2,000 feet, or more than four times the sur face of the eighteen cesspools emptied in the early part of the year. That the course of the disease followed very exactly the line of this sewer, which communicates by direct openings with several of the houses where fever broke out, passes directly under the school and the dormitory, is in close proximity with nearly all the houses in which fever occurred, and is in so foul a state that the officers of the Metro politan Sewers Commissions, accustomed as they I are to such examinations, were absolutely unable to pro ceed along it beyond a certain point, so that beyond that point it still remains unexplored. That the public sewers of the neighbourhood were comparatively clear of deposit, and gave off but a very small amount of effluvium. That i f the private drains and the arge branch sewer, which were by mistake surcharged with the soil from the cesspools, had been perfectly cleared out when the cesspools were emptied, the probable source of the extraordinary sickness and mortality would have been removed, and the health of the inhabitants in gene ral as certainly promoted as the health of the porter of the Cloisters and his family seams to have been improved by the emptying and filling up of the cesspools under neath his house. That the probability of the recurrence of a similar visitation will be diminished to the extent that the cleansing of the present house drains and branch sewers, and their substitution by a perfect draina o g r e ee r-ap paratus, are completed; excepting always the m mote and accidental emanations from adjacent districts that may remain uucleansed, from which it may be dif ficult entirely to protect the school or the Abbey pre cinct. That the present cccurrence is an impressive ex ample of the great mistake that has hitherto prevailed, in supposing that the jurisdiction of the Courts of Sewers fully comprehends all or the most important cleansing works that have the most direct influence on public health; it also shows the casualties and disappointments that must happen wherever an efficient system of okra lions is restricted to the public sewers, and where the private drains or cesspools are left to the ordinary sepa rate treatment, that is to say, neglected. That the main sewers, or the portion of the drainage system under the jurisdiction of the Court of Sewers, supposing them to be in a foul state, present only one-fourth of the entire evaporating surface of noxious gases, that fourth being for the most part the furthest removed from the general population, and consequently its cleansing will afford only a fraction of relief; that the cesspool surfaces make nearly another fourth ; while the private house drains supply fully two-fourtns of the noxious evaporating sur face, which portion closely bseess the dwelling' :louses, and has its effluvia circulated through the main sewers. That, from inquiries made in relation to the expenses of cleansing and repairing the house drains that exist in the district, it appears that those expenses are consider ably greater to the householders or owners than would be the expense, under proper legislative and administrative arrangements, of abolishing all the cesspools and main taining a complete soil pan appa ratus and impermeable soil drains, by which the lodg ment of refuse, and the escape of the noxious gases of decomposition entirely prevented. That imperfectlyas ti ere w ee o u u t ld op b e e_ rations of cleansing wo uld seem to have been co nd u cted t b l ir ey th i e lav m e affe e tre lief, 1 en bee e nP o v o e y r e y d w h b e y r e t h p e r o C du es t i v i e s s o i n b ( e ) f n e S ti e t w , t r id h h y av t e h g e i m ve ; n u s u a d ti , s a la s c ua tio e n as t u o r t e h s e e p t . art i partia l and until new and complete drainage works are laid down, they ought to bo utthat a prosecuted as extensively delaye,xteils in ivelypgs ve oissliabtlie; h provisions for conferring q tl u y a e s le an possible i m posing obligations, as to the improvement of house drainage and the abolition of cesspools, is a delay in the removal of the most extensive sources of , disease and mortality. " All which we humbly certify to your Majesty. " ROBERT GROSVENOR. (L.S.) " ED WIN CHAD WICK. " T. souTawoou SMITH. (L.S.) LAMBERT "IUCIIARD °VENLS RICIIARU JONES. (LS) One, perhaps, of the most interesting portions of evi dence, having a practical bearing, that the report con tains, is that relating to the specific benefits arising from the cleansing operations recently conducted under the direction of the Commission of Sewers:— " The porter of the Cloisters (Henry Burroughs), for example, states that the health of his family has been greatly improved by it. Being as k e d , ' Wh at was t h e state of the health of your family b e f ore thi s new ope rationhtiamdea, I gr h e a a v t e d a e s a i l o o k f ly si w ck if n e e a s n s d in yo n t e l y ng f t et a m m i i l l y y ' of cleansing was perform e d?' h e answers , I have from tom h e ns e lost them all but two.' What has been the comparative health of your family since this cleansing has been effected and the cesspools have been filled up?'—' I have had no sickness at all; and myself, wife, and two child ren are perfectly well.' You have had no sickness, you say, since this emptying took pla - c4 , ?'—' Not at air. * Ilas the apparent health of your children improved?' —*Yes.' " The returusin relation to the of set of partial cleans ing made to the Metropolit4n Commisssioners of Sewers are decisive and satisfactory." - On the subject of the extent of cleansing operations required in the metropolis, the following statements ate vaude: •` At the last census, in 1841, there were 270,859 houses in the metropolis. It is known that there is scarcely a house without a cesspool under it, and that a large number base two, three, four, and more under them, so that the number of such receptacles in the me tropolis may be taken at 300,000. The exposed surface of each cesspool measures, man average, nine feet, and the mean depth of the whole is about 6} feet—so that each contains 58i feet of fermenting filth of the most poisonous, noisome, and disgusting nature. The exhaling surface of all the cesspools (300,000 X 9) = 2,700,000 feet, or equal to 62 acres nearly; and the total quantity of foul matter contained within them (300,000 X 58i) = 17,550,000 cubic feet, or rqual to one enormous elongated >.tagnant cesspool 50 feet in width, 6 feet 6 inches in depth, and extending through London from the Broadway at Han.mersinith to Bow-bridge, a length of ten miles. This, there i.s reason to believe, is an under estimate: The cesspool, however, in general forms but one-fourth of the evaporating surface: the house drain forms half or two•fourths, and the sewer one; but, connected as the sewers and house drains mutually are, and acted upon by the winds and barometric conditions, the miasma from the house drains and sewers of one district may be carried up to another. We cannot be absolutely certain that part of the stench expe -1 lowed in the Dean's-yard may not have been due to the contents of the sewers from the drains of the House of Commons, or at some time from Duck-lane or I'ye-street ; and, according to the evi dence of Mr. Batterbury, who met a strong current of air coming from the extended cesspools under the Deanery. the miasma from that place would have been carried through the common sewers, and from them into the streets and houses of other neighbourhoods. As the Deanery is situated near the openings of the sewer into the river, it is probable that this would commonly be so. In addition to the examination of the old sewers conducted by Ir. Joseph Smith, one of the assistant surveyors, and adverted to in his evidence, the Metro politan Commissioners of Sewers have directed an in quiry to be made into the state of the house drains. From the evidence of Mr. Lovick, the assistant-sur veyor who conducted this inquiry, it appears that much, larger sums are paid for cleansing and keeping in re pair the private drains than the public are in general ae are of. The returns of information from the in habitants had not been completed, but from such as were obtained it was found that the average annual charge of cleansing and repairing the house drains was 11. ss. per house per annum, and for emptying the cesspools 15s. per annum, making 21. a-year for this one portion of house cleansing. But the returns con tain instances where sums of 301„ 401., 501., 1001., and even 2001. have been paid for amending and reconstruct ing house drains; and notwithstanding such outlays the foundation walls have continued damp, stagnant water has remained in the cellars, and offensive smells have still been emitted. In 21 houses in the Westminster district the average annual charges during ten years for making, repairing, and cleansing the house drains, was 71. 6s. per house, and for cleansing the cesspools 21. 45.; in atl 91. 10s. Now, from estimates which have been made of the cost of abolishing the cesspools, and putting down in their stead new and improved imper meable house drains which would remove at once all decomposing matter from the houses—supposing th• work done upon a comprehensive contract and paid for by the rates—the average expense of complete house drainage, on the charge being distributed over a period of thirty years, would be about 4s. 6d. per house per annum, and for the highest class of houses about 7e. 6d. per annum; which would be an average saving on each of the 21 houses above mentioned of more than 91 u ykar." RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. - LIVERPOOL, JULY 19. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business done to-day has been rather more than usual. Notwithstanding, prices may be said to be stationary, at yesterday's quotations. The sales are—Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Junction (late C. and IL ), '221. Shares, 8 dis.—East Lancashire,- li l 4l. Shares, Preference, p.—Great Northern, 8% dis.—Great Western, Quarters, 1% dis.—Lancashire and Yorkshire (late Manchester and Leeds), Fifths, :34 di5....-Ditto, 10/. Shares, Preference, Hs. 3d. p.—Ditto, (late West Biding Union), Fifths, 3 3 4 dis.—London and North-Western, 127 1 ( i g —Ditto, Fifth Shares, 6 1 ,4 p.—Ditto, N e w Q ua rters, IX I p.—Manchester, Sheffield. and Lincolnshire, 101. Prefer ence, 10 1 / —Midland Stock, New Halves, 5% dis.—South- Eastern and Dover, No. 4, Thirds dis.—York, New• castle, and Berwick (G. N. E. Purchase), 114 p. MANCHESTER, JULY 19. STOCIC EXCIIA NGE.—The sales are—Birkenhead, Lanca shire, and Cheshire Junction, 31/. Shares, 7 1 4 East An Tian, Preference, 3 1 i" 4 —Lancashire and Yorkshire, Fifths, dis.—Ditto, 10/. Preference, 6 per cent., % p.— London and North-Western (Leeds and Dewsbury), 40 Ditto (Branches), Halves, 5/ dis.—London and South- Western, 49—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 60— Ditto, Preference, 10 1 ,f,—Ditto (Grimsby), 201. Shares, 8% dis.—South- Eastern and Dover, No. 4,'2 1 / dis.—York, New. castle, and Berwick, Preference, 1 3 / 4 p. BIIIIIINGIIAM, JULY 19. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—London and North- Western, 101. Shares (M. and B.), 2 3 % p.—North British, Thirds, 1 3 4 dis.—Great Northern, 8 3 ,1 dis. ex int.—North Staffordshire, dis.—Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A), 5/. Is. 3d. dis. ex int.—Ditto (B), 3/. 35. 9d. dig. ex int.— South Staffordshire, 3 dis. NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, Juni 18. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Newcastle and Car lisle, Scrip, 106—Ditto, (rut), 4 p.— North British, Thirds, 375. dis.—North Staffordshire, 1, dis. ditztlib. On the 11th inst., at Cheltenham, the lady of the Rev. A. , M. Brown, of a daughter. On the 10th inst., at Sydenham, Kent, the wi'e of Edward Lawes, Esq., barrister-at•law, of a son. FRENC II NEWSPI PERS.—Previous to the Revolu tion, the feuilleions of the Paris papers were quite us im portant as the political part. It was here that the most popular of the French romance writers, such as Eugene Sue, Alexandre Dumas, Paul de Kock, &c., gained both their reputation and their money. The sums paid these and other popular writers, by the principal French jour nals, is scarcely credible. It is well known that Eugene Sue received 100,000 francs, or 4,0001., from the Constitu. tionnel for each of his novels, and that ho was engaged by this journal at this rate for a period of tea years. Alexandre Dumas was about as well paid. However, he wrote his novels on a wholesale system, as in mere manual labour no one man could have written an equal quantity. His system appears to be, to employ five or six clever young men, who, having no public reputation, are glad to write for him at a nominal rite. Having chalked out the plots for them, they fill in all the other parts, while the master, finally going over the whole, adds a few Dumasian dashes, which gives t) the work the imprint of his genius. At present, the feuilletons are become nearly a dead letter. Every body is employed with politics, and they remttin ue read. Dumas himself abandoned them for - politics, which he, however, found unsuccessful. He started the Liberte, and wrote for some time in it ; but having still a leaning for the ex-royal family, the responsibile editor refused to insert his articles, and the consequence was, his withdrawal from this journal, and starting another. If the feuilletonistes are well paid on the French papers, none of the other parties are. The principal editors receive but indifferent salaries. There are but few reporterS, and scarcely such a thing as foreiga correspondents. They give themselves little trou ble about obtaining late new!. A paragraph written by a general news-collector, is handed in to all the offices of all the papers, and appears duly next morning in one or two, and in the rest, perhaps, a week after. The legal news is reported for papers especially dedi cated to it, and anything peculiarly interesting is copied into the political journals of the following morning. Al though the French paper had some distinguishing fem. still, as a whole, it was far below its English neigh- . bour in general completeness. Few things, indeed, as I have said, are paid much attention to in a French news paper, except the political leading articles, which are of the very first rank. It was thus that Thiers and Gnizot, and thousands of others, gained their first reputation; however, they gained little more, as French writers are miserably paid, in fact often not at all—the outlet to their opinions being considered as sufficient remunera tion. Still, it opened the way to them in other spheres, as a vast number of the Government Employes have ob tained their situations through their connexion with the press.—Twit's Magazine for July. FASHIONABLE DISPLAY.—The chief source for the employment of labour in the metropolis has this season been crippled ;more from the effects of the cold damp weather of last month than from political excitement or any other cause commonly assigned. But happily during the last few days the July sun has shone forth with its usual intensity, acceptable to agriculturists, as tending to ripen the crops, as also to London manufae turers and tradesmen, who are encouraged to produce such novelties asbt tastes it y t et d b h ee whereby considered rn suitable nrrt t o o bino t must is ; season o n instance a n the can a t n a have been given to many hundreds in the production of an entirely new fabric made into a new form of Paletot, elegant in its appearance, and peculiarly agreeable under a sultry sun to the visitor of the sea-side, the tourist, or the man of fashion. The patentees are Messrs. Nichol), at whose wareromns, in Regent estreet and Cornhill these garments may be seen in thousands.—Globe. ACCIDENT ON THE MIDLAND RAILWAY. Oa Thursday a person named Pearson, who is employed as a labourer on the Midland Railway by Mr. Oliver, the contractor, had a narrow escape while engaged at his work on the line, a short distance from the Horns public-house. A train was approaching, and before he was able to get out of its way he was struck vio lently on the back by the buffers of the engine, and ' thereby thrown down the . adjoining embankment, by which be sustained considerable injury, but by which his life was saved, by being thrown clear off the rails.-- IDerby Mercury. MAKILIBD. On the 13th inst., at Shortwood. Gloucestershire, Dr, E• B. Gardner, of Stroud, to Sarah, only daughter of Joseph Blackwell, Esq., of the same place. On the 15th inst., at Farnham, John Bonham Carter, Esq... M.P., of Buriton, Hants, to Laura Maria, the youngest daughter of G. T. Nicholson, Esq., of Waverley-abbey. Surrey. DIED. On the 12th inst., at Southwick, Miss Wicken, aged 72. On the 16th ult., at Leamington Spa, aged 69, Court Graf) vile, Esq., of Willesbourne, NV arwickshire. On the 15th inst, at Croom's-hill, Greenwich, Margaret? relict of the late Matthew Isache, Esq., aged 75. London: Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, at No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Dee Sun Offiea, No. 112. Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the count) , ci Middlesex, Thursday, July 20, 1848. , "the time thnc adde ] the Lad litti Out Lon P 0( Sam Han E. I. C4a] Cha they MCC INCG Bu Assu X 5 5 , 5 5, •nly llUrft blrc ON :nat age. T eg, appr whit iiet ( be a sena aura beer mite