The Sun. — London, England, 1835-09-29 00:00:00

,~ ~~ ther, the case is, thank God, considerably far otherwise, and in our favour. This however is the view which must le taken of the question, because Portugal derives certain advantages in duties on the articles and manufactures .;;Lich pass through on their way to Spain ; and unless 'ine duties are very moderato and fairly imposed, it :could injure us considerably, i.nasmuch as it would drive the Spanish smug glers out of the Portuguese market, and induce them to seek the Fame trade in the French frontier. The new tariff now forming at this Custom-house, upon the principle of a gener a l import duty of 15 per cent., is likely to do England very serious injury, unless there is the old protecting clause in the new treaty ; because the persons appointed to fix the same, either through ignorance or through a more discredi table motive, are establishing such rates upon which the duty is to be receivable, that in many instances it will amount in reality to 40 per cent, on the real value. Either lam very much mistaken in the man, or M. Silva Carvalho is too much a friend of the prosperity of his country to counte nance such crafty underhanded proceedings. in compliance with an order of M. Silva Carvalho, the sum of 120 contos (near 30,000/.) of paper money is t . - 4 - be publicly burnt, in the Rocio-square, on Friday lv.;xt, with the accustomed formalities ; and I am assured gnat a much larger sum will likewise be submitted to tive flames about the 20th of next month. The long-talked-of-treaty for the free navigation of the Douro has actually been conclud._,Zl with Spain ; so that on the payment of a moderate transit duty, Spanish grain, &c., will come down to Oporto for shipping to the eastern Spa nish provinces, and some' Imes even to Seville and Cadiz. Previous to her Majesty quitting RamaldaO she gave a dinner to all her Ministers, as a mark of her approval of their management of the affairs of State. The health of the Duke of Palmella is sufficiently improved to have al lowed hini to attend . at the Foreiom-office since the 17th. Colfinel Gregorie Quiroga, who commanded the Lugo Regi . .nent of Infantry, has come over here from Corunna, in consequence, it is said, of having refused to, join Vat Zunta of Galicia, and likewise with an application foc the 10,000 Portuguese troops, in order to put down OA Ultra- Liberals, but M. Perez de Castro, and all the gentlemen of the Spanish Embassy, show him great attention, because they sympathize with him in their politipal views. Colonel Hodges has been, by her Majesty's command, restored to his rank of Colonel irt. the Portuguese service. From an official return, just, publisbed, it appears that in dependent of all ships of the British, Portuguese, and French navy, packets ant!, all others which have come here for orders, or to repair, &c., 746 ships with 68,684 tons, have been entered at, this Custom-house from the Ist of January to the 30:A of June last, about one-fourth of both being English. His Majesty' s ship Malabar, 74 guns, and • Endyntion, .52 guns, frorn Gibraltar and Cadiz, were coining in here this morning, but went out again in consequence of signals made from the Hastings, Sir William Gage's flag ship, but it is supposed that the former will still enter the Tagus.— _Lisbon Papers, Sept. 20. PRICE OF STOCKS THIS Bank Stock. 3 per Cent. Red 3 per Cent. Cone. 9l 90X 1114 per Cent. Ditto Red New 3 ;i per Ce11. New 5 per Cent Rank Long Annui ties to expire Zan. 5, 1880 Oct 10, 1850 Jan. 5, 1860 Jan. 5, 1880 April 5, 1880 Jan. 5. 1870. Daanium 4 pm. DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK., _ .. _ India Stock 254 4 Ditto Bonds 6 3 pm. South Sea Stock Old Annuities — New Ditto - 3 per Cent. Annuitiefi, 1/51 — Exch. Bills, £l,OOO lB 16 pm. Ditto ...5 , ,J0 IS 16 pm. Ditto Small . l7 19 16 pm Ditto Conco•Jercial. ..... l7 19 16 pm. Ditto K6 - weltised — pm. Bank S'.ock for Account — India Stock for Account — Cot sole for Account ... . 913 1 PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS' Austrian Bonds :Belgian Bonds Ditto Account Brazilian Bonds Ditto Account ... Buenos Ayres Bonds Ditto Account...... Chillian Bonds ........ Ditto Account.,,. ••.. ..... •• Columbian Bonds Ditto Accouno Columbian Bo' ids, :824 3.li Ditto Accr unt 34!,4 4 Daniell Bor.ds 774% Ditto ?fir count Greek Ilends Ditto Bonds, 1925 Ditto Account Mexican Bonds, 5 per cent — Ditto Account Ditto, IS per cent. 3B Mt, Account 33)6 Neapolitan !'HIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Peruvian Bond& — Ditto Account — Portuguese Bonds. — Ditto Account — Ditto New Bonds 884 8 Ditto Account 88% 8 Prussian Bonds — Ditto 80nd5,1822...... Russian Bonds, 1822 — Ditto Account — Ditto Metallic Spanish Bonds Mc% 5 4%U Ditto Account 45 IA 4.4 > 2 Ditto Bends, 1834 42 1% Ditto Account — French, 5 per cent, —f. —c. 4 per ct.nt. f. —c. I I 3 per cent. —f. —C. Ex' , hange —f. —c. Dutch, 4 , , per cent. Ditto itccount 51% Ditty., 5 per cent. 102%34 Dieu) Account — PRICES OF SHARES THIS TJAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Great Western Railway Company . Paid s . Per Share. 12 1114 London and Greenwich Railway r.,ornpany 2O a 23 % London and Southampton Railr.vay Company lO 9 Van Dieman's Land Agricultriral Company IN. 8y,% Arrived. Due.' 0 America 0 ' 0 Brazil 0 0 Buenos Ayres 'j 0 Carthagena 0 Dublin 0 0 Flanders.. ....... 0 HIGH cv MAILS. , arived. Due Arrived. Due. 1 France 0 0 Lisbon 0 0 Guern. &Jersey 0 0 Malta 0 0 Hamburg 0 0 Mexico 0 0 Holland 0 0 Ostend 0 0 Jamaica 0 0 Sweden 0 0 Leeward Islands 0 • I Waterford 0 ATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW. 1 % 10 17 1 1 11 g.... ..... 17 minutes after 8. I Evening 56 minutes after 8 THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. THIS EVENING, and during the Week, will be presented a New Grand Romantic Spectacle, with New Scenery, Music, Dresses, &c., called MANDRIN ! Produced under the sole direction of Mr. C. J. Matthews. Principal Characters by Messrs. Palmer, Buckstone, Hemming, Attwood, Miss Ellen Clifford, Miss Ayres, and Mrs. Daly. After which the favourite Burletta of THE CHRISTENING. Principal Characters by Messrs. Wilkinson, Buckstone, and M 7 3. Keeley. To conclude witlithe New Domestic Burletta, called THE LONDON CARRIER. Principal Characters by Messrs. 0. Smith, W. Beni t, Hem ming, Wilkinson, AttwoOd, Mrs. Keeley, and Miss Ay res , Bog-office open from ten till fonr, where places cafet private boxes may be had of Mr. Calvert. Private boxes max also be had of Mr. Sams, Royal Library, St. James's-street. HAMBr,RO, SEPT. 4, 1835. ITEINE BROTHERS, CONTRACTORS of the STATE of HAMBUPLG'S GREAT LOTTE RIES, beg to decline any further ord." rs for the 66th Lottery, the largest Prize being already drawn. fickets for the 67th Lottery will again begin selling at £8 ; say Eight Pounds after the termi nation of the l rawing of the 66th Lottery. The largest Prizes of the 66th Lottery came up to the following Tickets:— No. 8,673 a whole Tick e t , w i t h Heine the motto " Baneomarcs. Brothers, rerr it to Liverpool" 4.555 a whole Tirixet, with the motto " Lots of Luck to FAi n b urg hs, A printed auther ' tic List of all the Numbers and Prizes, will ap pear when the D'..awing is over. The pubi 'rte , ition of THE SUN NEWSPAPER commenced this day at 30 minutes past 3 o'clock. •-• - -114‘,S w e*. . •Setsl44 ,-~ ::,-. ~~~s Zl)t> "nll. LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 29, 1835. We arc happy to state on thy, authority of a private letter just received from 7,dadrid, that the QUEEN REGENT has requested - MENDIZABEL to assume the Presidency of the C'Juncil, and that General ALAVA has accepted tlyz office of Foreign Minister. The greatest harm-any is said to prevail between these dis tinguished 'individuals on all questions relating to the present condition, and best means of extricating Spain out of all her difficulties. The confidence of the people is perfectly restored ; and now that the Basques can hope to have justice done to them, and a - proper regard paid to their claims for the protection of their fueros, the entire aspect of public affairs begins to assume quite a promising appearance. In abolishing the privileges enjoyed by the Biscayans, and which are now found to be incompatible with the welfare and happiness of the whole Spanish people, the Go vernment must be careful to protect, to the best of its ability, all existing interests, and to grant corn. pen:iation to such persons as arc liable to immediate loss from a change in the system of Government. It was the want of proper discretion on the part of M. ZEA and MARTINEZ DE LA RosA, that drove the •Biscayans into rebellion against the QUEEN. They cared not a jot for DON CARLOS or ;rig claims, but they dreaded the threatened destruction of their fueros. DON CAI - nos took advantage of their dis content—swore to grant them their privileges provided they raised the standard of rebellion—and hence a fratri cidal war which has nearly devastated their unhappy country. MENDIZABEL was aware of all this from the commencement ; and he is now preparing to do that which, had his predecessors done two years be fore, Spain would be now as tranquil as England -namely, concede some portion of the legitimate claims of the Biscayans. ;.,-,pilboa and its vicinity is cleared of the Carlists. General ALA VA was there on the 19th, from whence he proceeded in a steamer to Santander on his way to 'VHF StlV. 111 AT Tllll\T Alt 11\T 111 A V eTil 12 Li R 94 Ig3s_ THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1835. terminate in December ; after which the examina tion of FIESCHI will commence by the Peers. PEPIN, his supposed associate, who is now in custody, baffles all the subtlety of the Minister of the Interior. He admits having given money to rtEscil t, but affirms that he gave it, as he often did hernre, fa a - charitable purpose. He by the justice, by protesting that he only ()ulcers of 14°;4 ,,i;i his flight upon being pursued his t t- i le resentment of lis tened to the intrcaties of his wife, who dreaded that life would be sacrificed to gmbry the King: AtteArg DE RIGNY has arrived at TOIIOII from Naples, having failed in negociating a match between the Royal Families of Naples and France. The Conservative cause appears to be at tts low an ebb in Worcestershire, as it is in 0016- parts 4 the country. Our authority for thi M'iiistilitt Is Mr. PAKINGTON, one of die l'O4l.llgl. l ories of the county, Who, at a meeting yet the West Worcestershire Con servative Association, bold on Wednesday last, at Worcester, thus e:;.presses himself He feared this Associatiq; Was not, in some quarters, supported as it 01 .1gnt to be. It was useless to conceal facts; there was nothing like meeting them face to face. There were persons of high standing in the country, of great respectability, and of great stake in it, who were of Con servative principles, who kept aloof from these Associa tions from objection, on principle, to all political societies. He hoped these persons, whom he much respected, and whose motives he honoured, would consider the danger with which every thing they valued, was threatened ; that they would view the activity with which every thing they could hold sacred ) was as sailed ; and that they would not keep aloof too long from joining societies, which like the present one, were so eminently calculated to protect their best institu tions." The assertions in one part of this querulous passage are flatly contradicted by the facts in the other ; for it is ridiculous to suppose that the institutions of the country can be in any, even the slightest, " danger," when- the very men who have the greatest interest in the maintenance of those institutions, by reason of their " high standing, their respectability, and their great stake" in the country, " keep aloof from Conservative Associations." Were they really apprehensive of peril to the community, they would of course be foremost, as they have ever been, in it's de fence ; but the fact of their indifference is a convincing proof that they see matters in a proper light, and are persuaded that so far from the public tranquillity being at all endangered, it is fixed on a more secure basis than ever. We have neverbeen any very extravagant admirers of the Conservatives; but we cannot in justice deny that their present quiescence —which Mr. PAKINGTON so much regrets—is a proof of discretion and sagacity, which is deserving of the highest praise. Pray Heaven it may continue, and that in the course of a few months we may have to record the decease of the last Conser vative Association. Already these Societies have done a world of mischief, by rekindling the half-extinguished embers of intolerance, and thereby keeping the country in a state of incessant agitation. " When bad men con spire, good men must combine," and it was solely owing to the Conservative conspiracy against Reform, that the Reformers were induced to enrol themselves in confederacies. It was the former who led the way, and the 'latter, in self-defence, were compelled to fol low. As the Conservatives, however, are now begin ning to see the error of their ways, there is some hope of the country being permitted to remain in a state of repose, at least until the next Session. From the lamentations of Mr. FAKING.. TON, the absence of the two Members for Worces tershire from the city dinner—one of whom sent a good fat buck as his substitute, greatly no doubt to the delight of the company, who would naturally de rive more pleasure from a fine haunch than a silly speech—and the utter silence of the Quarterly Re view on all political topics, we infer that the Conser vatives have at length come to the conclusion, that their cause is desperate ; and that therefore it is useless .to attempt any longer to struggle against destiny. Of the many sources of discontent and outrage which exist in Ireland, none, we believe, has been more fruitful of mischief than the administration—or to speak more correctly, the mal-administration—of justice. It has been the policy of the faction to which Ireland owes all her degradation and all her misery to fill the judg ment seat with men, whose chief recommendation for their high office was a slavish subjection to party feelings and party objects. Blind subserviency and furious zeal were the sure passports to judicial honours, while learning and talent, if not combined with these indispensable qualifications, were left to shift for themselves. The consequence has been that the people of Ireland have lost all confidence in the laws. They know, because they have been made to feel, that the law is perverted—that the forms of jus tice are little better than a solemn mockery ; and the natural result of this feeling has been a determination to take the, law into their own hands. Hence the atrocities of which we so frequently hear, and that contemptuous defiance of legal authority, which has become so general and so habitual, that it may almost be considered as a characteristic of the Irish. This state of things we would fain hope is now passing away. Its continuance, indeed, under a liberal and en lightened Administration is quite impossible. We there fore rely with perfect confidence on the discretion of the Government in the appointment of a fit and proper person to fill the important office of Assistant Barrister or County Judge, now vacant. It will be seen by the able letter of our Dublin Correspondent, that this sub ject has excited an intense interest in Ireland. -We resume our extracts from Mr. BIGGS'S excellent pamphlet on the reform of the House of Lords. After bestowing a just measure of censure on that arch apostate Lord LYNDIIURST, and his noble coadju tors the Dukes of WELLINGTON and NEWCASTLE, for the part they took in mutilating the Corporation Reform Bill, the author very truly remarks that it is the system which is principally to blame, and that it is against the system that our efforts ought to be di rected. We quite agree with him in thinking that our hereditary legislators were as perverse fifty years ago as they are now, and that they will not be one whit better fifty years hence, unless either the system or human nature undergo a change : " It is to the fact that the House of Lords is an heredi tary, irresponsible body, beyond the reach and influence of public opinion, and moreover from a majority of its mem bers being interested in the continuance of abuses, that we are indebted fel- this formidable and fatal opposition. " It is therefore of no use complaining of individual bad men, the object of the people must be directed at once to the reform of the constitution of a House, which has shewn that in its present shape it is utterly incompatible with the progress of improvement or the existence of public liberty. " By a reform of the House of Lords, I mean that it should be changed from an hereditary to an elective House, over which the people can exercise a proper and salutary control. Without this reform we shall be perpetually ex posed to these sorts of interruption, and no measure of a satisfactory or liberal character will be carried through the legislature without the most vexatious and continued op position, and on the part of the people the most irksome and wearisome excitement. It is of ,no use removing the twigs and branches from the tree of corruption : we must lay the axe at once to the root, and petition the Commons, and instruct our future representatives to insist upon the abolition of the hereditary legislature. The House of Lords, and their dependents and family connexions, have for a long series of years profited by every corruption in the state, whether in the old Parlia mentary boi•Qughs (lately destroyed by the Reform Bill), in the Irish Church, in the English Church, or in the Corporations. generally. They are the steady ene mies of Reform in our institutions, they are the sup porters of the Corn Laws, and the opponents of free trade. They misgoverned America till they drove her to revolt, and then waged a long war to resist her inde pendence ; they joined in the crusade against the liber ties of France, and accumulated a load of debt that has anticipated the resources of unbern generations ; they supported Pitt; Sidmouth; gild tastierea„.l the Six Acts, and the repeated nspensions of the . Habeas Corpus Act ; they ••••• ~j e cted again and again Catholics of Ireland ) P ( . 1 ., .. - vw are too eigoten Plipporwi. of a Church in a co un t r y mbere them glig, gOart6lS , any ProttAlitS, the emancipation of the and employ soldiers to ieVY tithd6freiti a Ca tholic population on the verge cI starvation. They op posed the Reform in the House Of Corriniting for more than half, a centiirb and eVdit *at to i7fai state off the viykettion altogether ; they; subsequently; (when it Was brought for Ward by the goVerntnent; and passed by re peated thajeriiiei of the dr ddriirlidn§) drove the country id the Verge of revolution, before they would be induced to pass it ; they have, within the last few days, thrown out a Bill for the application of the surplus reve nues of the Irish Church to educational purposes, and have consummated their legislation by the rejection, or what is tantamount to it, the extensive mutilation of the Corporate Reform Bill. " Such being their course, and such being their policy, there is nothing to hope from a body so constituted : in its present shape it is evidently impervious to opinion, and incapable of improvement as was said of the Bourbons, the Lords " have learned nothing, they have forgotten nothing." Our energies must not therefore be wasted in declaiming against their decisions, because they do not pass our Bills for the reform of abuses ; they are not likely to pass our Bills : they batten on abuses, and profit by the plunder of the people. " The circumstance of a body of men holding heredi tary power, of the exercise of which they render no account to anybody, is an anomaly in an enlightened age. ItS ori gin was in a barbarous state of society, for which alone it was fitted ; it is continued by family injustice, and is at war with nature, with reason, and with man. " While the Lords are a deliberative body, and an inde pendent branch of the legislature, they are not likely to be dictated to as tti what they are to do with this or that bill ; they are of course sure to dispose of them as they choose, and the idea of coercion from without, except such coercion is absolutely overwhelming, will answer no other end than stimulating them to resistance and defiance. " This being the case, and the fault being in the system, and not in the men, our attention must be of course di rected to altering the system. When the Peers are once accountable to the people, as they ought to be, they will act differently and not before. " We have done at Leicester all that we could do, under the circumstances of the case, in the way of expressing our opinion ; we have twice petitioned the House of Lords, and twice the House of Commons, and have, moreover, sent up deputies to London to watch the progress of the Bill through the Legi s l a ture, and though the Bill is now jeopardized, and the ultimate fate of it uncertain, it is at least some satisfaction that we have made every exertion in endeavouring to influence its becoming law. " It is evidently of no use continuing to petition the House of Lords : every one has, for the future, I presume, renounced the idea of it : there is 4 slavishness about pe titioning men who treat us with contempt, which is un worthy any spirited or independent mind ; so far as that mode of approaching them is concerned, we may therefore consider that we have adopted it for the last time—we must try to reach them by more efficient means. Mr. BIGGS then proceeds to point out the only means which in his opinion can be effectual in bring ing about an alteration of the present system " The only really effective way, then, in which we can influence the Legislature, is by the return of Members to the House of Commons, and to this let us now seriously direct our thoughts. The election of Members of Parlia ment is one of the highest duties we are called upon to exercise ; if the complexion of the Parliament is Whig or Tory, it depends of course for that complexion upon the choice of the people. " Every elector, whether Freeman or 101. Occupier, whether Freeholder or Scot-and-Lot Voter, is in fact a member of the Government, and is able to influence, one way or other, by the intelligent and conscientious exercise of his franchise, the destinies of this country and of the world. " This is a proud distinction for an elector, if he under stands his position—to be a member of the Government of the first country of the world, which can influence by 'its high-standing the fate of nations, and advance or retard by its policy the liberties and happiness of a large portion of the human race. " Unfortunately a great many electors do not understand their position, do not appreciate the value of their great trust, but sell for .a paltry bribe a privilege that is more valuable than a dukedom. " The selling a vote, or the submission to a bribe, on the part of an elector, arises either from ignorance or want of principle. To the very uneducated or ignorant man there is not much to say ; it is always a matter of regret that political power is in the hands of men who know not how to exercise it ; giving, or allowing them to retain, the franchise, is like putting a sword into the hands of a mad man or a fool. To the man who in politics is like a Swiss and sells himself to the best bidder, there is no censure that can be too severe ; the unfortunate girl upon the town who prostitutes her person for money, is not half so morally bad, so extensively mischievous, as the man who knows the nature and value of a vote, and by selling it becomes a party to the ruin of his country. " There is no corrective in either of these cases so effec tive as knowledge ; in order, therefore, to diffuse knowledge, we must petition the House of Commons to take the tax off newspapers ; in the meantime the duties of the editors of newspapers, if they properly appreciate them, are of a very high order. " Next to the teachers of morality, there are no men who exercise so extensive an influence on the public mind as editors of newspapers,—thousands take the complexion of their politics solely from the paper or papers which they read. " As government is founded on opinion, and as editors of newspapers have an immediate influence upon opinion, it of course becomes evident that they are very potent either for good or for evil ; the spirited and consistent advocacy, therefore, of what they conceive to be right , becomes with them, if they reason rightly, or properly appreciate it, a high moral obligation. There always appear to me to be less of the tradesman, and more of the moral teacher about the business of an editor, than in that of any other profession short of that of the minister of religion. Having taken these preparatory steps as to petitioning for the repeal of the taxes on knowledge, and diffusing in the meantime what political information we can, our next point is—to attend to the registration. The observations which follow, though originally intended for the electors of Leicester, may be very useful to the electors of many other places, and some of them are well worthy the attention of the electoral bo . dy at large:— " The elections in future will be decided by the registra tion ; for this purpose you must always have a Committee to attend to it. " Now the registration is mainly completed, it becomes a duty,to look forward, and consider what course or courses are to be adopted in reference to the election of Members of Parliament. In reference to this matter your Committee have positive rules and injunctions to follow, which will se cure your presence and co-operation whenever that comes more particularly under consideration ; in the meantime I only give you my opinion as to what must be done on the occasion. " In the first place, when we meet, my decided opinion is, that we ought distinctly to resolve that we will attempt the return of two Members; the result of the registration is such as to warrant this resolve, and under these circum stances any other course would be a desertion of our duty, and a sacrifice of the best interests of the public. Let the trial, come when it will, come 1 I think there is no fear of failure ; but even if the issue were uncertain, we had better nobly contest it, and abide the result, than by compromis ing or not contesting it, be parties to the prostitution of our town and the degradation of our country. Let the election come when it may, we must be found at our posts, and if bad advisers or , reckless men, dissolve Parliament again and again, in order to wear out the popular energy, they will find that we shall return to the encounter with the fresh ness of youth, and contest it with the determination of he roes and the resolution of conquerors. Wallace upon the hills of Scotland—Tell among the mountains of Switzer land—Hofer in the passes of the Tvol—or Washington upon the plains of New Jersey or Virginia, had not a holier cause than the one which is now in the care and keeping of the English Electors ; may they guard it as the Jews did the ark of the covenant, and may they triumph over their ene mies as that people did over the hosts of the Egyptian and the Assyrian To return. In the second place, after having deter mined that we will return two Members, the next consi deration is, the complexion of the men to be sent ; and here there are two things especially to be considered, first we must send men of ability and integrity ; and secondly, men of decided principles. 6, A s to their wealth, that of course does not amount to muc h ; it does not follow that a man is wise because he is rich, any more than that he is ignorant because he is poor. Their qualification therefore on the score of wealth may be dispensed with : but not so as it regards their principles ; these must decided. Moderate politics in these times will not do ; personal attachments, old recollections, &c., Sze.. must, if they interfere at all with the best interests of the people, be snapped asunder, or thrown into the shade, com- , . pared to the considerations of ability utid&citted eharaefer these are not common times, a mighty spirit mighty principle is at work ;—the representative principle' is warring with did hefeditary. " The Ultimate result of tlil ditiltoltrt iR certain : it is only a questithi of tithe ; but in the. theantitile the men to be sent must be then wlid hate ds decided Views rtg and particularly about the hefeciitaik House of Loris ; must be men whq will withhold StipplieS; Vest the national funds in the bail& of 68thiniSsioners; be Prepared; if neces sary, to vote thu Lira useless, as was &MO h Cromwell's time, and be men Oc'; illcing a comprehensive tin! Of polities, Ana conscious of what is l'Ofessary to be done; hate tiefft;tUd htlity enollgii to adapt the Main, to the &id; We have inipOftatiS thSies to perform in tile; choice of foptesentaiii , e's theireelefi this is the only actual and effectual way that We have, short grafi appeal to arms (which every good man depreCates the thought u!), of influenejng the government of the country/ It has been often of to those who adfocate a change in the constitution of the House of Peers, that they wish td get tici of . that branch of the Legis lature altogether. This Is the charge which the Tories are flow bringing against tit Iteformers—with what truth we need not say. On this important point Mr. BIGGS thus expresgeO himself:— " Now, as to the idea that one House of Legislation would do as well as two, and that the Hodge of Lords might be dispensed with altogether—it has bced found from experience that popular bodies have been too apt to legislate from impulse, rather than from Led principles or purposes, and that a popular orator, or a skilful rhetori cian, or a dexterous debater, lies often influenced decisions at variance with their best interests, aild which they would be glad to rescind in their cooler moments, or the next day. We will suppose the people to be highly excited upon any particular occasion, and that an election for the legislating took place while they were thus excited s resolves might be made and courses might be entered upon from which they could not retreat with honour, and yet which they might afterwards bitterly repent. I will give you an instance in point. " A very short time ado there was a sort of mania in the country about Combinations and Trades' Unions, accom panied with the administration aliment oaths, &c. &c. ; the scheme of course fell to the ground (as such schemes ever must), being founded on no sound principles of political econo my. But suppose that an election had taken place while these Trades' Unions, &c. were at their height, and that men had been sent to the legislature who would have enacted laws about the rates of wages, taxed machinery, and established a multitude of vexatious regulations, the consequence would have been either that such laws must have been repealed the next year, or that capital and capitalists would have left the country and gone to America, or anywhere else, where they could have been protected. " This, however, would be a small evil compared to others which such popular bodies might commit, if they were so immediately accountable to the people and so fre quently influenced by popular impulses ; one party might gain the ascendancy in the elections one year, and declare war ; another might gain the upper hand the next year and conclude peace ; one Parliament might conclude treaties, and the next dissolve them ; one might impose duties on foreign manufactures, the other might rescind them ; and extensive mischief and inconvenience might as rapidly follow all these rapid changes. In reply to all this it may be said, that if this single House of Legislature made any bad laws which a year or two's experience proved to be bad, they might be re scinded altogether ; so undoubtedly they might, but the matter does not end here ; the chances are that thousands of families might be ruined by such wholesale and hasty legislation. W e will suppose that some law is passed one year for the protection of a particular manufacture—invest ments take place, factories start up, workmen are en gaged, capital is invested, upon the faith of the perma nence of these laws ; in a year or two the public exclaim against the monopoly—they can buy the article much cheaper and better from abroad—the clamour increases— the law is repealed, and thousands of families are ruined, whose fortunes were embarked upon the faith of the per manence of laws passed by the legislature of the country. This has occurred even in America, though they have a Senate sitting as a house of revision ; and what would oc cur in, this way from hasty legislation in the absence of sufficient data, and from the impulse of the moment, it is hard indeed to say ; Government would be constantly fluctuating and uncertain—irregular and unstable in all its ways ; there would not be sufficient security for invest , ments, and the country would find that such fluctuating and irregular legislation was one of the greatest evils it could . be possibly annoyed with. Mr. BIGGS is impressed with a just sense of the necessity of the independence of constituencies under the new order of things ; and very properly recom mends caution in the selection of Representatives, never forgetting that the paramount consideration with Re formers must henceforth be to aecure the services of men who have made up their minds to a reform of the hereditaries. " It is very clear that Members of Parliament must be returned in future on purity principles, and at little or no expense. The frequency of elections renders it utterly impossible that men can be laying out fortunes at every election to go to discharge important public, functions, and spend their time, health, and treasure in midnight legisla tion and public care. At the same time, Ido not mean to maintain that it is not their duty to spend anything ; they of course owe as much at least to society as any other men, and nothing can be more true, or more generally felt to be true, than that a man's duties in the scale of society in= crease in proportion to his means ; every heart owns it, every understanding ratifies it. We appeal to the patrio tism of a poor man, and call upon him to sacrifice his time, and sometimes to take risks as to employment, &c., ought not the rich man, on the same score, and by the same parity of reasoning, to make as great relative sacrifices as the poor one ? " The man who goes through society and claims and re ceives the protection and happiness it affords, and who renders it in return the minimum of equivalent that he can, may chuckle at his address, and think himself clever, but society will properly appreciate him ; he will live un blest, and die unpitied. " The distinction of being a Member of the British Le gislature is the highest distinction it is in the power of the British people to bestow. A Senator of America, or a Member of the French Chambers, has not a tithe of the importance or the influence in the affairs of the world that a member of our House. of Commons has ; to have a scat in such a Legislature is an object of high and honorable ambition ; th man who really undervalues it must be com pounded of strange materials. " There is no fear but that men will always be found who will have a proper ambition for this distinction, and be glad to represent an intelligent constituency ; our course must not be to be precipitate in our choice, but to make a judicious and proper selection ; always keeping in mind that our representatives must be men of decided political principles, and being influenced by no other object in our choice but their integrity and capacity for` public business. " To do this we must maintain our independence as a constituency : we must be prepared, if it should be quite necessary, to pay all the expenses of an election ourselves. We must not compromise ourselves by soliciting boons or favours of country gentlemen ; we must be the choosers, not they ; we must have a distinct understanding as to the principles of our candidates, and invite, accept, or reject them, as we think they will really and truly represent us or not. We must above all things know their opinions as to the House of Lords, and how they are prepared to vote upon any measure that comes before them in reference to that branch of the legislature. " These, gentlemen,*are my opinions as to our present and future course. If after perusal and consideration they agree with your own, I shall be gratified with the coincidence, and if together we should be able to assist in the reform of the Peers' House of Parliament, and the regeneration of our country, we shall feel the proud satisfaction of having discharged a high public duty. We shall have the sympa thies and approbation of every friend of liberty throughout the world, we shall contribute to the ultimate developement of a great amount of human happiness, and die with the satisfaction of having left our countrymen in the possession of free institutions, than which, (short of the advantages to be derived from the Christian religion), there are none greater under the sun." We have made larger quotations from this pam phlet than we are in the habit of doing generally ; but such is the importance of the subject that we deem no apology to our readers necessary. We think Mr. BIGGS is entitled to the thanks of the Reformers for the service he has done to the cause by this timely publication, and we trust the example which he has set, of drawing the attention of local communities to the necessity of reforming the House of Lords, will be followed by public-spirited men in other parts of the country. * Mr Biggs's pamphlet is published in the form of a letter to the Leicester Association. EARLY PROMISE REALISED IN AFTER LIFE.— At Cambridge, in 1792, out of eighteen Under-Graduates who were candidates, a selection of four was made to con tend for the Craven Scholarship. These were—Bothell, now Bishop of Bangor ; Keate, late Head Master of Eton ; Butler, present Head Master of Shrewsbury ; and the late Samuel Coleridge, the Poet. Madrid. General ALAVA had then accepted the office of Foreign Minister, subject to the condition that MENDIZABEL should fill the office of President of the Council. The Moniteur of Sunday, which we have received, together with the other Paris Journals of the same date, contains copies of no fewer than four depatches received from the Spanish frontier with important intelligence. The first is from Narbo7.. - e, of the 24th instant, and announce!: that, on the 19th, five hundred Carlistu commandedby and blockaded Guimera, surrendered to Colonel NINBO, a distinguished officer in the service of the QTLEEN. The second is from 13ayonne, of the 2 .." L -n, and asserts, on .the most positive evidence, that the Carlists were defeated on the 20th, near Onate, and that their loss exceeded one thousand two hundred men. The third despatch is from Bayonne, and bears date a day later than the preceding. It confirms the intelligence of the defeat of the Carlists near Onate, on the 20th, and adds, that the rebels had failed in their endeavours to prevent a junction of the troops under the respective commands of Generals CORDOVA and ESPELETTA. This is a most i:„. portant announcement, as the whole power a 't.ne Car lists was directed against a junction o f these sections of the Constitutional army. Tne fourth despatch is dated the 24th instant, from Toulon, and announces that a revolutionary movement in Mahon, in favour of the Constitution of Cadiz, was repressed, by the arrival of. two French sloops of war. The revolutionary movement commenced on the 18th, the inhabitants of the town ringing the church bells, making bonfires, carrying blazing torches, and uttering shouts of —" Long live the Constitution !—Long live ISA BELLA ILI" throughout the whole of the two folloWing nights. On the 20th, according to the Moniteur, the timely arrival of two French sloops of war prevented the town from being sacked by the " anarchists "—meaning, of course, those citizens who were most active in proclaiming the Constitution. We take leave to doubt this statement, and to question the right of the French soldiery to over awe the town. The Spanish Constitutionalists have uniformly acted with the most sacred regard to the inviolability of the rights of life and property. With every opportunity that uncontrolled: power could give them, they have with a most praiseworthy forbear ance, abstained from the commission of such acts of retaliatory vengeance as were provoked by the cruelty of the Carlists, and the treacherous timidity of the Municipal authorities. The disgraceful occurrence at Saragossa was not the work of the Constitutionalists, but of an infuriated rabble, to whom Gen. LLAUDER had rendered himself an object of mortal hatred. In fact, wherever the Juntas are recognized, and the Constitution of Cadiz proclaimed, crime may be said to disappear ; the rights of property are liable to no invasion ; the rights of industry are respected ; personal safety is insured to all ; the laws are enforced with due vigour ; and, in a word, the administration of public justice—admirable in all respects—is but an echo of - the popular will. It is true that the Spanish Government has not yet recognized the Constitution of Cadiz, and hence France, as the ally of that Government may derive a sufficient excuse for adopt ing compulsory measures to prevent 'etny private body of Spanish citizens from Prealming it. The law of nations, according to VATTEL's interpretation of it, would justify France, in going even further on a sud den emergency, such as that mentioned in the Moni teur; but such a system must not be encouraged, and we trust MENDIZABEL will adopt measures to prevent its being persevered in by such doubtful allies as the KING of the FRENCH. No doubt the CITIZEN KING would have no hesitation in granting the QUEEN any aid she could desire for the suppres sion of the provincial Juntas, although he could not spare a regiment when her throne was invaded by the rebellious Carlists. He fears the Liberals, not be ' cause they endanger the safety of the QUEEN, but because they will act as a check upon his despoti cal designs for the subversion of liberty in France. Louis PHILLIPPE now seeks an opportunity of inter fering in the question of Spanish tranquillization.All the sophistry of the Cabinet is put in requisition ; and even the Journal des Debats, in an article which we copied into The Sun of yesterday, goes the length of exhuming one of the old principles agreed upon by the Holy Alliance, and giving it as a justification of French intervention in the internal affairs of Spain. By this principle, to which France herself was the first to bid defiance, one nation may interfere in the internal affairs of another, provided the State interfered with adept laws, or a constitution presumed to be dangerous to the internal repose of the invading Government. This was the great principle which cemented the Holy Alliance, because it was a never-failing justification of wars of invasion ; and because it compelled Kings to resist all demands for reform made by their subjects. For years it was the constant theme of mockery in France. With every change in the social institutions of the people, public writers were wont sneeringly to ask, if the Sovereigns of the North were of opinion that France had violated the Monarchical principle so dear to the Holy Alliance ? But the successful despotism of Louis PHILLIPPE has changed the tone of the French Journalists. The minds of METTERNICH, NESSELRODE, and OR LOFF, are mirrored in almost every political ar ticle which appears in the Ministerial prints. The Holy Alliance is never mentioned save in terms of befitting reverence, and the darling principles of that Imperial and Royal conclave are stealthily introduced as the quintessence of political saga city. Fortunately for the Spanish patriots, our Government has had the wisdom to see the question in quite another light. Our Minister at Madrid, Mr. VILLIERS, acted throughout with firmness, integrity, and ability, and we are not a little pleased to find that his conduct has been highly approved of by Lord PAL MERSTON ; although his Lordship had not given him any positive instructions on the subject. The Moniteur likewise announce 3, on the authority the 19th inst that of a letter from Perpi g nan of Ge neral GURREA was i pursuit of the N varrese divi sion of Carlists. r ilis division had fled - from Upper Arragon into Catalonia, whither it was pursued in an opposite direction by General PASTOR at the head of three thousand men. The remains of the division did not then exceed two thousand five hundred men, of which numbers daily deserted. The condition of the Carlists is represented as truly miserable. Their recent defeats have deprived them of almost everything, save their ferocity and their enthu for a cause seemingly hopeless to all but themset• es. The Journal des Debats states that the Govern ment Junta of Granada has caused the Constitution of 1812 to be solemnly proclaimed, with a proviso in favour of such changes as the Cortes may think proper to effect in it, for the more beneficial government of the Spanish people. The domestic intelligence contained in the Paris journals of Sunday evening is important. The trial of the prisoners of April will recommence on the first of November. Baron PASQUIER, to whom the KING'S pleasure on this subject was officially an nounced, has addressed letters to his colleagues of the Upper Chamber, commanding their attendance in Paris to assist at the trial. It is supposed, from the number of cases to be decided, that the trig will ~~ ELECTION OF LORD MAYOR. (THIS DAY.) Aceoirdifg to ancient custom, a Cnurt of Aldermen was held shortly after cis:VW o'clock to-day. t. twelve o'clock the Lord Mayor, accomparjed by the usual °facers, and a n umber of Aldermen, went and hcaftl a sermon at tile at Ottreeli of St. Lawrence Jewry. T he y returw .d. at one o'clock , Lor d Mayor *he'd th M e B was more than half filled, and the was taut"* tinted: Mr. Alderman Co p eland was we Kell, receivc d. Shortly after, the Lotd Mayor , accom p anied b y Aldes.men Sir C. Hunter, Venal/Ike, Copeland, Kelly, Cowan, Harmer, Wit" sthl and Sir C. Marsha), took their scats on the platform. - The I'Moloanais then steppka forward and said, that Common Hall was held far the purpose or the Livery, according to tl,t4 a ncient custom of the City of 1.-stadon, exercising o ne of the to t, important and valnable prioieges which they en joyed—the vlgction of their own Chief Magistrate. The the was that the Livery should dame o names from the C our t of Aldermen, who would chaole one of them for the hi6la and important office for Oa.: ensuing year. according to ancient custom, he should direct the . Magistrates who have not yet passed the Chair it.' be put be fore them • but lie felt bound to tell them that theirs, I,eiee was not united to such names. It was their privilege is : "c an ' nate any two from the whole body of the Magistracy to Lon names of those don, to fill the high and important office of Chief Magis ti.at e i r e• lie was certain they did no t need advice from him—th nunihers and respectability—the many thousands of whicbt the Livery of London was composed was a guarantee of their preserving the h i g h and im p ortant p rivileges they en joyed. United they would be enabled to resist any attempt to invade their privileges—from disunion alone could any one triumph over them , and onl y from the same cause could they eye lose the greatest privilege they enjoyed, with the excep tion ot their Parliamentary fran chise—the election of their own Chief Ruler. His duty was nearly done—all he would say more to them was, to call upon them to make such a choice as would do them honour; and as the invaluable privilege had been Ora/milted to them by their forefathers, that they would w ith , equal fidelity transmit it to tieir descendants. The Lord Mayor, Recorder, a .nd Aldermen, then returned to their own Court. The New Sheriffs, Messrs. Lainson 5.1c1 Salomons, presidcd. The Common Sergeant then put up the i:ame of Ald. Cope land and desired a shew of hands from those who wished him to be nominated for t he office of Lord Ma . yor for the en' duing year. There were full ha lf of those prescnt held er their bands. The neat name was that of M r. Alderman Kelly, f o .r whom about thirty bands were held up. For Aldermen Cowan Wilson, Sir C. Marshall, and Pine, there were none, but fel; Mr. Alderman Harmer the re were as many held up as ° Mr. Alderman Copeland.—( Much cheering.) The Sheriffs declared the show of hands to have been i ll favour of Messrs. Aldermen C o p eland and Harmer, and thef went up to the Court of Aldermen to make their return ac cordingly. In about half an hour the Sheriffs returned, when The RECORDER announced that the election of Lord Ma r t for the ensuing year , was Wil liam Ta y lor Copeland, Es(l„' Alderman and Mayor.—(Great cheering , with some :,oke`." of disapprobation.) • e Mr. GREGG wished to know whethe r, as a liver y man of th City, he might now be allowed to ex p ress his assent or ' dissent to the appointment of Lord May or ?—(Great code" sion, ceers, nd crie of " No, no.") The LORD a MAYOR s elect then came forward, and said*" Gentlemen and Liverymen, you have been instrumental 10 returning me to-day to my brethren of the Court of Aldenneal. who by their choice have elected me to p reside over y ou as Ler' ; Mayor for the ensuing year. _ I beg to assure you that lam Or insensible to the honour, because I believe that no g reatc. , honour can be conferred on a cit izen b y his fei2ow-citizn than by calling on him to preside over them as their Ch ic Magistrate. Gentlemen , I am yet young in life, but the e% perience which I have gained , I hop e, has not been lost i,ll ot and I trust, under the favour which y ou have been pleas. to extend to me, that I shall so discharge those greltl and important duties which have devolved upon M C 4 to merit your entire approbat ion, and to discharge t to " trust which has been reposed in me, with honour and c redit myself, and to your satisfaction.—( Cheers.) Gentleme n / cf. am one of those who have not sou g ht the office of Lard Mayor as a political office.—(Hear.) A political office - shall never make it. — ( C heers.) I shall endeavour to fuller the same rule and the same steps in which I have treacle: for the last seven years. I have never allowed °Jo own private opinions to curb or restrain the expression of tt a t rt feelings of my fellow-citizens ; and I am not about to deP,,a from that course which I have chalked out to myself.--( 1 )%6 cheers.) When the inhabitants of Bishopsgate did me t ut honour to call upon me to preside over them, I seef er not them, but they sought me--(Hear, hear) --and a"„,, the experience which they have had of me, they given me that support by their attendance here to--(11; which is highly flattering to me. I shall not trespass on Ye time by alluding to hospitality, or matters of that sor t- lei past conduct is before you , and to the best of my judgment a ability I shall endeavour to uphold yo ur ri g hts and privilege! and at my hands the dignity confer red u p on me shall lose tar thi Th n of its lustre.—( Cheers.) fo g e Lord Mayor elect was then invested with the 6510 office by the sword-bearer. Mr. DILLON was then about to address the Lord MaYe l : but the Common Crier proceeded to read the Proclametie dissolving the Court, amid much confusion. Al' The late Lord Mayor, accompanied by several of the dermen, immediately quitted the Hall, amid cheers, hooting* and great confusion. bet Mr. Sheriff LAINSON was then moved to the Chair, 4 that Gentleman and his colleague had left the Hall a 5110 time previously. Mr. JOHNSTON said the Lord Mayor was afraid of the censure that was about to be passed on him, awl had there fu left the Hall.--(Hissing and cheers.) They were loolousf; for another Chairman, and he then trusted that they would Pa o such'a vote of censure as would prevent other Lor Mecca from acting as he had done.—( Groans and hisses, Ping with cheers.) After some little delay, • be t Mr. HEPPELL moved Aldermen Venables to the Choi'', the worthy Alderman declined tin: post of honour. Mr. R. TAYLOR was then called tothe Chair, and , ri p Mr. DILLON came forward and said, Municipal 'lel ° o f had spread itself throughout the land. The Co e . 0 . London had been reserved for after consideratlo He would ask them, was it, their wish that t de i advantages of Municipal Reform should be ext en to to London ?—(" Hear," and cheers.) It was his intentiontbe propose the following resolution. Mr. Dillon then rea d resolution : ly s, That it is highly expedient that a Bill should as s peed! , or possible be brought in and be passed by the Lerislaturessid the Reform of the Corporation of the City of Lo'n& n 't• the that in the opinion of this Common Hall, or meetins %cot Livery, such Bill ought to provide for the better manag f 7 se• voteoroef and control of the funds of the Corporation ; for a tote paration of the Municipal Corporation from our trading c Z o f parries—.and above all, for the abolition of the Pre sent ree".ta.. electing Aldermen for life by a small portion of the coristile ency, and of choosing the Lord Mayor by the C ourt of Otbe men, on the nomination of two Aldermen by the Livery la f o ie stead of an open election by the Freemen of the Corporto and that, as far as may be practicable, the principles e!,,ily Bill for the Reform of Municipal Corporations, as origin-oil brought in by his Majesty's Ministers, should be m ade Or cable to the Corporation of this City." be tter Gentlemen, we want reform.—(Cheers.) We want ~,- , e r s) Lord Mayor than the last, I hope we have got doe but above all we want that reform which will render Lsei'tite what it ought to be, the chief among the municipal inf„tids, tions of the realm. We want better control of the CitY we want:aseparation from the Companies, the trading c°mPthe We want a better mode of electing Aldermen. We wa n ' t of election of Aldermen for life.—( Cheers.) Look at the c/ 11 -; c isg s the election as it at present exists—look at the i ti cheY that are chosen for Lord Mayors, and the manner in whici l treat you.—Great confusion here prevailed, amid which " it ro Gillon cried out " The Tories and the, pick-pooketgs p f going out together, those are the friends and admire! , 0 0 my Lord Winchester. Gentlemen, we want and we oil' '" l irc a better a dministration of the funds of the City of London. tot want a better mode of electing Al dermen,. not for life'„ors, for a fixed term, And a better mode of c hoosin g Lord I‘l:a,,Jeoti by which the Livery may more fully express their sat' and opinions. op Mr. J. HuslE, a gentleman who has been for thirty Y e op, Liveryman of the City of London , seco nded the resole which was declared by the Chairman to be carried tie mously. h Mr. STEVENS then came forward to move a vote of t 'i r ote to the late Sheriffs. He did not come forward to m ove 3 ... y if of censure against any one, but he would be most l' a b P r t hel public men would at all times act in that way in h as hic icemen , would not stand need of that wholesome c _ vc $ ur a vote of cense. in Neither had he come forward to r rs) ,,, rote of thanks to the present Lnrd lYtayor—( Loud c he w the bUt he had come forward to move a vote of thanks oa o. present Sheriffs for having done the,!t• duty in a It would be in the recollection of the LiverymC ner that reflected the highest credit upon the late Sheriffs, during the period of the last eleet:ol4,lelacarliest most anxious to give the Liverymen of London t" he grea t opportunity of conveying their opinion relative t. l Coo question of Reform.—( Cheers.) The Hon. Gcntlen. bael, eluded by moving the thanks of the Livery to Alex., g . the) ? Esq., and John Midge,Esq., for the manner in wale had discharged the duties of their important office. Mr. HEPPELL seconded the resolution. sl • The Resolution was declared to be carried unanimou Mr. Sheriff RAPHAEL returned thanks. The proceedings had not concluded, when our: left n that the been Repor at Three o'clock. THE FUNDS.-(THIS D CITY, 7'IVELVE o' 6 "-b' at the Cape of Good Hope Papers have been receive d' North and South American Coffee-house, to the 23d July, for the which left off yesterday at 91 for Mowneays, g a o n nilit f 1 0 5: t .o the Account, opened rather heavy at 91 to k and 9 u. 6 „ to M ney. This is owing to a report that Russia assist Don Carlos. Omnium, - 4 prem. ; Exchequer -1 els kithour , 18 20 ; India Bonds, 46 ; Bank Stock, 211 212. • f our the news from Spain by the express from Par is is of a a of f at able nature. Spanish Stock has not improved ; le ft por -44* i, opened at 45 ; now 40- i ; Scrip 16 discount ; tuguese, 881. 1' OIV" lIALF-PAS- sfor Consols have been done during t h e morning a t 91 s eller for the Account ; at present they - may be qu oted it 9 1 ; Money, 904. Cit. THREE O'CLO Consols for the Account, 91. -~