The Sun. — London, England, 1865-04-21 00:00:00

THE ATR E-R OYA t, DRURY-LANE, Managers. Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING, Tom Taylor's Play of T HE FOOL'S REVENGE. Mr. Phelps; Messrs. H. Sinclair, A. Rayner, E. Phelps. G. F. Neville. Miss Atkinson, and airs. Hermann Vezin. After which. on a scale of great splendour, Milton's Mask of COMUS : Messrs. Waiter Lacy, Wilbye Cooper, Elenti Drayton, Miss Poole, Miss Augusta Thomson, and Mrs. H. THEATRE -ROYA L, HAYMARKET. J. Lessee. Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, MY WIFE'S MOTHER. Mr. Chip pendale ; Miss N. Moore, Miss Snowdon, Miss F. Wright, &c. Atter which, THE WOMAN IN MAUVE. Messrs. Sothern. Compton, owe, Farren, Braid, drc ; Mesdames Stuart, Lovell, Buck H stone, &e. Followed by LORD DUNDREARY MARRIED AND DONE FOR Dundreary, Mr. Sothern. And EASY SHAVING. Miss Louise Keeley, Miss F Wright ; Mesas. Clark, Gordon, Rogers, &c. To commence at 7. NEW ADELPHI.- 'Yr. THEATRE-ROYAL, lerwrl , Tar a 11,131014.4 . - TO-NIGHT, THE LOVE CHASE. Wildrake (21 time), Mr. Billinzton; Waller (2d time), Mr. Jordan; Messrs. Ash ley, Stephenson. Widow Green ,241.11 time), Mrs. Stirling; Constance (25th time), Miss Henrietta Simms ; Lydia, Miss Sophie Young. Atter which, I` th time, a new Extravaganza, entitled PAN ; or, The Loves of Echo and Narcissus. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Paul Bedford, j. J. Smith, B. Romer. Miss Woolgar, 3liss K. Kelly, Miss Lillian Bruce, and Miss A. Seam .n. To conclude with THE STEEPLECHASE; or, In the Pigskin. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Paul Bedford ; Miss K. Kelly. Commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Sole Management of Mr. Fechter. THIS EVENING, SIMPSON AND CO. Messrs. Sam. Emery, C. Horsman, Collett; Mesdames Elsworthy, Hen rade, E. Boyce, and Mrs. C. Horsman. After which, at half-put Eight, THE MOUNTEBANK. Belphegor (the Muuntebank), Mr. Fechter; Paul (his vat!, Ma3ter Fechter; supported by Messrs. Widdicomb, Ryder, S. Emery, Fitzpatrick, E. Garden, C. Horsman, Raymond, Moreland; Miss C. 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THE SUN " supplied as soon as Published. containing all the LA rEST NEWS and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by H. W. HARRIS, Newspaper Agent, 4, Blacklriars-road, London, S. (IIHE LAST EDITION OF " THE SUN," 11 Containing the Latest SPOUTING INTELLIGEPA DIM be had Every Evening of G. EL GLENIE, News AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. A PHOTOGRAPHIC CURIOSITY With a copy of the itn PRICE 4D. ; STAMPED, SD. ; is presented GRATIS (with a Supplement) A MINIATURE PHOTOGRAPHED FAC SIMILE of the FRONT PAGE of THE SUN of MONDAY, the 2d January, 1865. *** For the convenience of Subscribers wishing to preserve the Photograph, a suitable frame is pro vided, and may be had at The Sun Office, price is. The Photograph, ON CARD, §d. ; or mounted in frame,, is. 6d. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TAM DAT.—Morning, 9h. 54m.—Afternoon, 10h. 33m. To-Monnow.-Morning, llh. 10m.—Afternoon, llh. 46m. •e• • rett ~-.44, eNV 4•.1.141 L OND ON, FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 1865. s►- Mr. JOHN STUART MILL'S letter affords matter for consideration, and it appears at an appropriate season, when there is nothing particular going on in the political world. There is much to engage atten tion in the remarks made in this letter, and although • much is exaggerated we find also some valuable hints made and some wise suggestions given. No one who is at all acquainted with the works of the writer of this communication would expect that any composition of his would be otherwise than well drawn up ; but the political theorist and the more practical worker of every-day existence will also find food for contemplation in the widely-extended and discursive themes here chosen for discussion. It had been resolved to adopt Mr. MILL as a candi date for the next Westminster election. No doubt the publication of this letter will enhance the pro spect of his success, and certainly Westminster will stand a fair chance of being worthily represented by so able a man and accomplished a scholar. Mr. MILL very truly states that if the electors generally choose their members on acconnt of their " fitness for the trust," without personal solicitation or ex pense, it will be a great point gained, and must forward the - interests of the community. This is very true, for there is ample evidence to show that in the excitement of a contested election many get so confused that they really do not understand what principles they are upholding, and what their candidates will do when they are called upon to put profession into practice. Mr. MILL, at all events, sets the example of straight forwardness, and comes forward long before the time, to express, fully and fairly, what are • his opinions on most of the subjects that come prominently before the public. He says, frankly, that whether his avowals tend to injure him, or to further his cause with the electors, he is equally ' bound to put them forward. He begins by stat ing his views in respect to the franchise, and in this respect he goes to great extremes, and is not likely to acquire anything like a general support. Indeed, it must be apparent to many that serious • objections lie in the way of his proposals being carried out in their entirety. Too much, in this respect, is far worse than too little, because pro ' gressive policy can always be adopted at a short notice, while retrograde movements are impossible . in our constitution, and the evils introduced by vehement changes cannot therefore be remedied. The present state of things in America bears ample testimony to the evils that may result from too much license being granted to those who are pre • eluded, by unavoidable circumstances, from being fair judges of public questions. The chief advan tages of our mixed constitution would be seriously impaired, if not materially • ' Injured, by the adoption of Mr. MILL'S views in this matter. He asserts his wish to go far beyond either Mr. LOCKE KING'S or • Mr. BAINES'S proposal in the cause of Reform. " I would open the suffrage to all grown persons, both men and women, who can read, write, and perform • a sum in th 9 rule of three, and who have not, within some small number of years, received parish relief." This is certainly going far enough to suit the most exorbitant demands made by the wildest enthuziaq for levelling•doctrines ; but it will be seen that Mr. MILL contradicts himself as he proceeds, for he intimates that he does not desire that any o ne class, even though it be the most numerous, should swamp the other. No arrangements can prevent this taking place were the sweeping propositions enunciated in the passage above quoted put into effect. As for giving the labouring clashes a " clear half of the national representation" it is going a great deal too far. Perhaps, liowever, if Mr. MILL I came to argue -these matte rs , and enter fat() details J lation of international duty to have done so. If these principles were put into practice great advan tages would accrue to many nations which now suffer great injuries from the uncertain course pursued by our Government, who one day seem on the point of rendering them special service, and the next de sert them utterly in the time of their greatest need. The Poles and the Danes would have been much more independent had they been certain from the outset what attitude England would assume, in stead of going backwards and forwards with the shifting details of the successive items of intelli gence. Religious disabilities are totally repudiated in this letter, and in this the writer is on a par with the extended and elevated convictions of the age, and declares himfelf in conformity with those views which have received a universal share of popular favour. It is inconsistent with the opinions previ- ously expressed by Mr. MTrz el.to he should declare himself against the Ballot. He says that he was once a supporter of it, but that he has since seen objections to it. As for his notion that farmers and shopkeepers may protect themselves against all abuse of power by combination, it is a very impracticable one, and will be found quite untenable on consideration, be cause their interests are divided ones, and they natu rally compete one against the other. Mr. MILL'S views on retrenchment will be found very good. He deplores the great waste that so often occurs now, but he does not advocate the principle of disarmament, which he wisely declares to be inex pedient "in the face of the great military despo tisms of Europe." These Powers, he sapiently adds, would be glad to pick a quarrel with us without the chance of success, for the purpose of reviving national antipathies, because they think that our freedom, " through its influence on the minds of of their own subjects, is the greatest danger as well as reproach to them." Purchase in the army is justly condemned, but it is appropriately stated that here is a worse evil, which is " jobbery and favour- Flogging, Mr. MILL also states, with great justice, is deserving of censures, and should be abolished, except in extreme cases of " crimes of brutality." Some remarks worthy of notice on the subject of strikes conclude this letter, which, taken as a whole, reflect great credit on the writer, and presents an exposition of political views that, with some modifications, bid fair to answer the chief requirements of the day. At all events, the electors will do well to consider them attentively before they make up their minds to reject a candi date who has already considerably distinguished himself, and deserved so well of his countrymen. tism." Few * appeals can be made to our sympathies that are more powerful, or better founded, than those on behalf of those who are prematurely afflicted. From whatever cause the misfortune springs which inca- pacitates them from taking their share in the ordinary duties and pleasures of life, they have ap especial, claim upon us, since no efforts nor en-' durance on their own part can avail to mitigate their affliction, and the punishment of permanent disablem4nt is surely heavy enough for any previous offence or omission. But while our hospitals and asylums for incurables are deserving of all support and encouragement, there is one among our cha ritable institutions which most imperatively demands assistance, since its object is not only to lighten the burden_ of despair, but to give hopes and means of permanent improve ment to those who, without its aid, would be com pletely cut off from their fellow-creatures. We refer to those institutions which devote themselves to the education and training of those who, from no 'ault of their own, but from natural physical defi ciencies, are deprived of the full use of their facul ties. To the honour of our humanity, we have many such among us. We have asylums for the idiot and imbecile, in which the mental cloud can be lightened, and those who are incapable of receiv ing an ordinary education can be given a moral training, and taught to employ the faculties that remain to them. Most extraordinary effects have often been produced by the kind and judicious teaching of those unfortunates. Some of them have excelled in drawing and designing, in architecture and mechanics, and other employments needing taste and ingenuity. Many of them have been raised from a state of hopeless indigence and dependence to earn their own livelihood, and the light of religious truth has been let in on many a darkened soul. All these blessings have followed from the efforts of the good and great founder of the Earlswood Asylum, and the efforts on behalf of those whose affliction, though grievous in itself, does not impair their mental or moral faculties, have resulted in a vast improvement in the condition of the blind. Means of conveying instruction to them have been furnished, and they have been enabled to learn trades, and often to support themselves in comfort instead of being dependent on casual alms or sinking into the degraded state of street beggars. But there is a kindred affliction, which, though at first sight less severe, is in reality much more formidable, and for which, in spite of the hopeless appearance of the task, good men have wearied themselves to find means of alleviation. How well they have succeeded in their benevolent task may be gathered from the report. now before us, which gives a most interesting record of what has been done and is now doing for the benefit of the deaf and dumb. It only remains for the public to second these efforts more liberally than they have hitherto done, and the utility of the association is so very great and practical that its operations only require to be more widely known to insure general support. The comparative indifference which has hitherto been shown to this institution by the benevolent has probably had its source in misunderstanding or underrating the extent of the misfortune which it attempts to relieve. If a grown-up person were asked which of his senses he would rather be deprived of, he would undoubtedly prefer the loss of hearing to the loss of sight ; but when the affliction dates from the birth its conse quences are very different. The educated deaf man can find a perpetual solace in books; his mind is cul tivated, and he can derive pleasures from reflection, from observation, and can devise for himself many plans of amusement or exertion. But the child born deaf, if left to itself, is I, ttle better * "Association in Aid of the Deaf and Dumb." Report for the year 1863-4. Street Brothers, 11, Serie-street, Lincoln's-km in the comprehensive way in which only a debate than an idiot. Its passions are usually strong, can furnish, he might acknowledge his mistakes and I and all ordinary means of instruction are powerless to control or to elevate its nature. It is a curious correct some of his extravagant tendencies. With respect to " taxation," his views are, on the whole, fact that deaf mutes generally have the organs of very fair, and some of his statements are speech perfect, but the loss of hearing has been perfectly correct. He says that direct taxa- proved to induce the loss of speech by instances of tion could not possibly raise so large children sevea or eight years old, who, on losing a revenue as ours. The necessaries of life should their hearing from severe illness, ceased to speak. exempt, but not the business, and, as he justly The numbers visited with this affliction are very be great, since in every 1,500 of the population there states, even working men should be called upon to contribute their share to such imposts. are eight deaf and dumb persons. In London and We cordially agree, also, with Mr. MILL'S senti. its environs there are no less than 1,820 totally deaf timents on foreign policy. He holds that every and dumb, and since in common with all such civilised country should settle its affairs in its own afflictions deaf mutes are most frequently found _ among the very poor, the parents of these unfor way internally, but his principle should not be ap tunates are generally quite unable to educate them. plied to those States which are already interfered with by foreign Powers. Thus while he did not think This is a case which simple benevolence will not meet, it requires assiduous and patient study to be it expedient to go to war for Poland or Denmark , able to communicate with the deaf and dumb, and he would not have considered it to have been a vio- to teach and train them. Since there are those among us who have given up their time to this good work, and whose efforts have been crowned with the most marked success, it is surely not too much to expect that those blessed with means will not let them be hampered in their endeavours by the mere want of funds. Yet this unfortunately is the case at present. Many most interesting and necessitous cases are refused, half from the poverty of the Association, while the low state of the build ing fund prevents its members from carrying out their great wish and establishing a central institution for all works and workers on behalf of the deaf and dumb. Two of the cases to which the committee are compelled most reluctantly to refuse relief are fast growing blind, so that unless relieved they will sink into a most hopeless condition. Yet even this melancholy state can be reached by Christian charity. Those who can recall the details of the Irish famine of '47 may remember a most touching incident. A young American girl, named LAURA BRIDGMAN, who was deaf, dumb, and blind, having nothing but the sense of touch left through which to receive instruc tion. On being told of the terrible state of the Irish she never rested till, by the little handicraft she had been taught, she had earned enough money to send over a barrel of meal. Truly such affliction finding means to help the afflicted preaches a power ful sermon to us who, being blessed with all our faculties, are deaf to the appeal of the suffering and afflicted, blind to their wants, and dumb in plead ing their cause I The objects of the association which we have referred to are manifold. It endeavours, by ser vices on Sundays in the sign language, at two or three of the metropolitan churches, and at the Polytechnic Institution, to keep up the religious knowledge gained by the children taught in the Old Kent-road school, and to instruct those who are totally ignOrant. By lectures on week days it strives to give them secular information ; in ex treme cases of poverty it gives relief, and. in illness temporary assistance. One of its great objects is to help these unfortunates to obtain regular employment and to watch over them in their homes, advising them in their perplexities, helping them in getting places or obtaining work. It also pays towards the expense of educating chil dren who are too old for the London school, which, excellent as it is, only deals with the very young for a limited period. We can fancy what a blessing it must be to a poor deaf mute to feel that there is some one to whom he can make his wants known, to whom he can apply for advice or assistance, and who will give him new thoughts, new feelings, and, above all, sympathy. It has been proved by sad experience that, while especially capable of training, deaf .mutes, when totally neglected, are most dan gerous members of society. Their isolation sours them, and they become savage and cruel, with violent, uncurbed passions. The speech of Dr. MICHAEL, in the Report we have referred to, gives very valu able information respecting their condition, and it is most gratifying to find that, after some training, they are often able not only to support themselves but to contribute to the support of others. Some of the cases cited are most interesting and satisfac tory, and show how much can be done. The names of such well-known philanthropists as Lord SHAFTES BURY and his associates are a sufficient guaran tee for the practical nature of the society, and we cannot but hope that it will very soon be enabled to extend its operations on behalf of those whose need is so great, whose helplessness is so touching, and who never appealed in vain to the pity of our Great Exemplar. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 21, 1865 LATEST PROM RICHMOND, RICHMOND, APRIL 6. The Richmond Whig of to-day says :—" The tran sition from enormous prices and depreciated cur rency to reasonable rates and real money has come so suddenly upon the citizens that it will be some time before they can realize the change. Butter that was scarce at $25 per pound is now plentiful at 50c. to 60c.; eggs that were hid away at $25 per dozen came out readily at 30c. ; and other commo dities are at an equal rate. During the evacuation of the city 350 odd con victs managed to escape from the penitentiary, but on Thursday over 100 of them were recaptured, and returned to the institution. Military Governor Shepley has authorised the detail of coloured men to clear away the ruins of the great fire, so as to expose the broken gas pipes, with the view of repairing them and speedily furnishing gas light to the citizens. Sutler's stores are springing up all over the city, and old times are being revived by the sight of sub stantials and luxuries enjoyed before the war. We understand from proper military authorities that no difficulty now exists in regard to mail communica tion by citizens with their friends in the Northern States and all sections within the Union lines, pro vided the letters be stamped. A mail has been made up daily at the capital, closing at 5 o'clock a.m. A Northern mail returns in the evening. Four detective officers of the rebel government have been arrested, with Willey, the turnkey of Castle Thunder, and Fred Shaffer, the Confederate bread commissioner. They have all been committed to Libby Prison. The connections of the mayor and police have been suspended for the present, and military law governs the city. In time one may look for the restoration of our municipal government on a union foundation, and the resumption of legislation in all its departments. The Whig says the evacuation of the city was going on for a month, but the people refused to be lieve that removal meant evacuation, and all declared that the measures were only precautionary. The'specie of the Louisiana and Virginia State Banks was run down to the Danville Depot in haste on Sunday morning. A number of trains for the officials were arranged during the evening. Still there was not room enough for all. Davis ;vas to depart at 7 p.m. Breckenridge elected to go off on horseback with the last of the army on Monday morning. Governor Smith was off on horseback during the night. The anniversary of Henry Clay's birthday occurs on the 12th inst. FRENCH CLAIM ON• MR. SLIDELL'S PROPERTY.-- Some time ago Mr. Slidell, the Confederate repre sentative at Paris, gave a mortgage to a French banker for $60,000 upon his property in New Orleans. The banker now claims the property under the laws of Louisiana, and a suit is to be instituted in the United States Court, and it will be made a test case. Interesting and important legal points will be raised under the Confiscation Act, the deci sion of which will goirern similar cases hereafter.--Wsw York HorakL LATEST INTELLIGENCT. (REITTER'S TELEGRAMS.) RUSSIA. PETERSBURG, APRIL 20. Telegrams from Nice state that the Czarewitch yesterday morning was delirious. The cerebral inflammation had increased, the pulse was more feeble, and there was less warmth in the body. Drs. Pirogow and Oppolzer were expected. SPAIN. MADRID, APRIL 20. In the Senate to-day Marshal Prim said that the Progressist party, impelled by the important cha racter of the debate, has temporarily withdrawn from the attitude of abstention from public affairs they had hitherto adopted. He believed that the days of the Ministry were numbered, since the Sovereign of Spain could not support a Ministry committing such abuses of power with the army. Senor Gonzales Bravo, in reply, declared that the Ministers accepted the whole responsibility of the events, for in the last 'demonstration of the students leaders of a revolution were concealed, whose object was to attack both the Throne and reigning dynasty. CANADA. QUEBEC, APRIL 7. The Ministerial delegation proceed to England, via Boston, on Wednesday, in order to consult with the Imperial Government on the questions of Con federation and the colonial defences. By desire of the Government the Finance depart ment has refunded to the St. Albans' banks the money voted for that purpose. The three battalions, consisting of 2,000 men, now on frontier service, are shortly to be relieved by a new levy of volunteers. Although but 12 compa nies are demanded for Upper Canada, fully 60 com panies have offered their services. We have had a very exciting week in Montreal consequent upon the discharge of the St. Albans' raiders by Judge Smith. Rumours were circulated that a plot had been discovered en the part of the Canadian Executive, whereby the prisoners would be again tried for acts presumed to come under the Ashburton Treaty. A popular outbreak was dreaded ; and were it not for the very explicit statements made by the prosecution on Wednesday morning in the Court of Queen's Bench, there is little doubt but that the raiders would not have been suffered to quit Montreal with out an effort being made to effect their release from custody. It is now clear that the United States Government have abandoned all the charges for extradition pending against Lieut. Young and his companions, and that no foul-play will be attempted. They are removed to Toronto under fresh warrants, where they will duly take their trial for conspiring to violate our neutrality laws. Judge Smith's legal acumen and knowledge of international law has been fully and complimen tarily acknowledged by some journals, but ques tioned and condemned by others. Newspapers not in the interest of the Canadian Government are loud in extolling a judgment free from passion and prejudice, illustrating the high principles of law. The country is in a very unsettled state. People's minds are more or less perturbed, and no effort is seemingly made to conceal or to curb unquiet fore bodings. What is the intention of England, and what are the purposes of our American neighbours ? are questions in everybody's mouth. There is plenty of loyalty in the province, and enough of disaffec tion to give a melancholy tinge to the illative history of the next few months. People know that some change is needed ; but what is the exact com plexion of that change few dare undertake positively to pronounce. There is an undis guised feeling, however, that a' change of re lation must ensue ere long between this and the mother country. Perhaps this change will assume the nature of independence.; or perhaps it will merge into a close and abiding relationship with the United States. The apparent termination of the war in the South—now that Richmond is taken—fills so.ne men's minds with the gravest fears, dreading a speedy incursion of Northern troops into Canada. Others, again, regard such a step as prepoSterous, believing that they can gain over Canada by far milder measures. One thing is certain, that a dark cloud alights over Canadian affairs, which a few months will see dispeised, and that Canada is about to enter upon a new stage of her destiny, as soon as the present crisis through which she is travelling is passed. Grant's steam saw mill at Prescott, C.W., was consumed by fire on the 3d inst. The loss is est mated at $5OOO. Th 9 building was uninsured Mr. Daoust, member of the Provincial Parlia ment, has been found guilty of forgery, but recom• mended to mercy. A great flood occurred in Montreal on Monday, which rose within a few inches of that which inun dated the city on the 15th April, 1861. Griffing town suffered most severely, a district entirely in habited by the labouring classes. During the night the city was in total darkness, owing to the gas pipes being filled with water, and thus preventing the supply pipes from being replenished. Great suffering has ensued. The Corporation has sub scribed $6OO for the relief of the poor in the locality. The Government of Nova Scotia lately intro duced into both houses of the Legislature the an nexed resolutions : .. " Whereas, under existing circumstances, an im mediate union of the British provinces has become impracticable, and whereas a legislative union of the maritime provinces is desirable whether the larger union be accomplished or not : resolved that, in the opinion of this house, the negotiations for the union of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island should be resumed in accordance with the resolutions passed at the last session." IMPORTANT LIFEBOAT SERVI C E—WHITBY, APRIL 19.—About one o'clock this morning, in a dense fog, during a strong wind from the N.N.W., and a heavy sea, the screw steamer Ocean Queen, of and from Newcastle to Antwerp, with a general cargo, got on the high part of Whitby Rocks, and immediately afterwards filled with water. Her signals of distress having been observed, the Lucy lifeboat, of the National Institution, forthwith put off, and brought ashore the captain's wife and a boy, and the crew of thirteen men. The schooner is likely to become a total wreck. The crew speak in the highest terms of the behaviour of the lifeboat on the occasion in question. She was the generous gift to this institution of the late A. W. Jaffray, Esq., of St. Mildred's-court, who gave also to the society the cost of the St. Andrew's and the Thurso life boats. ( THE JARDIN DES PLANTES.--The permanent commission of inspection appointed by the Minister of Public Instruction to examine into the state of the 7arious museums of the Jardin des Plantes has just pre sented its report. From this document it appears that the sum required to defray the expenses of the establishment during the year 1864 was 582,380 fr., viz., salaries, 308,380 fr.; travelling expenses, 25,000 fr. ; stock, 249,000 fr. Regard ing the collections, the commission complains of the great want of space, which has forced the administration to ex hibit many specimens in highly inconvenient places. Thus, on the ground floor, large naammalia are placed side by side with the collection of 200 phytes; on the first storey, the collection of crustacea is situated between that of reptiles and that of monkeys ; after which comes tho rest of the collection of zoophytes and a portion of that of mollusks ; then, while the whole collection of birds is on the upper story, that of their nests is on the first, &c. Numerous portions of collections are stowed away in the laboratories for want of space ; the galleries of comparative anatomy are so full that they cannot receive the skeletons of the large mammalia that may happen to die in the Menagerie, and the collection of fossilbones, instead of being connected with these galleries, is quite at the other end of the garden in the Museum of Mineralogy. Touching the Menagerie, the commission finds that many of the animals kept there are not so well provided for as they ought, in so far as re gards their stabling or Sheds. It considers the maintenance of five elephants in the establishment as a uselese expense, which however for the present is unavoidable. Two of these creatures were presented to the Emperor some time ago by the King of Siam, and two others by the Viceroy of Egypt. The Administration is endeavouring to effect an exchange of some of them with some foreign Menagerie. The hot houses are also insufficient for the 974 plants possessed by the Administration ; the nurseries are well provided, comprizing4,393 trees, 2,534 grafts, 712 tubercles, 2,835 perennials. The botanical section moreover pos nisei 61416 bags of seeds. j LITERATURE. People's Edition of Mill. On Liberty. By John Stuart Mill. Bvo., pp. 68 On Representative Government. By the Same. Bvo. pp. 141. Longman and Co. Never has a popular edition of a great author ap peared more opportunely ! More than that, we might almost venture to say—Never was a popular • edition of a great author's works more needed than the very one here commenced, in the nick of time, by the Messrs. Longman! Is it not so ? Let the " situa tion," as our friends across the channel have it, answer. The " situation "as between Mr. Mill and the public at large being simply as follows, — namely that—whereas Mr. Mill enjoys, and has now for some years enjoyed, among the more highly educated classes, not only in this country, but abroad, in both hemispheres, the very loftiest reputa tion as a philosophic writer, endowed with intellectual capacities the most profound, vigorous and com prehensive—and whereas that reputation of Mr. Mill's, while patent no doubt to the multitude, has, in some sense, also, been " caviare to the general "—the philosopher hitherto (as, in deed, but befits a philosopher) writing very much as a recluse has just now been sum moned, as it were, into the public marketplace— name, reputation, writings, and all, in his new capa city, as a candidate for the suffrages of the free and independent electors of the city of Westminister ! Most opportunely, therefore, the Messrs. Long man -have decided upon doing their part—and the two volumes now under notice are, each of them, proof positive, that that part they are doing very admirably—towards the popularizing of the thoughts, of the genius, of the philosophy of Mr. Mill. His teachings as a political philosopher will thus, at length, be advanced from the esoteric to the exoteric. Here—as the first unveiling of this Isis to the general multitude—we have two of Mr. Mill's most remarkable productions, the essay or treatise upon " Liberty," and the essay or treatise upon " Representative Government !" The former appears, distinctly, if not professedly, as a disquisition. The latter, avowedly, as mere— considerations." To the volume on Liberty is prefixed the affecting Dedication through which the gifted author of the book pays his tribute of tenderest affection and profoundest veneration to " the beloved and deplored memory of her who was the inspirer," as he declares, in so many words, of all that is best in his writings! "The friend and wife," he exclaims, " whose exalted sense of truth and right was my strongest incite ment, and whose approbation was my chief re ward." Further than this, he says, " Like all that I have written for many years, it belongs as much to her as to me ; but," he adds thereupon, emphatically and apparently with a new pang of regret, " the work, as it stands, has had, in a very insufficient degree, the inestimable advantage of her revision." Yet even then, as if all that were not sufficiently expressive of his love and admi ration for his most cherished memory, Mr. Mill thus ends what we must again designate this most affecting Dedication,—" Were I but capable," he protests, "of interpreting to the world one half the great thoughts and noble feelings which are buried in her grave, I should be the medium of a greater benefit to it, than is ever likely to arise from anything that I could write, unprompted and un assisted by her all but unrivalled wisdom." Well might the shade of this departed woman of genius aver in reference to the fame and glory won by her husband's writings—Quorum pars magna fui ! Reading merely these two works already published as the first in this serial re-issue, volume by volume, of the writings of Mr. Mill— and coupling with them this beautiful and touching Dedication, the Electors of 'Westminster may already feel capable of appreciating, let us say, just a trifle more vividly, the worth of the man and the genius of the philosopher, than they could reason ably have been capable of appreciating either, when they were first startled into attention by the utterance of his great name, as that of a candidate for their suffrages. We shall watch, with peculiar interest, the advance towards completion of this wonderfully cheapyet thoroughly excellent "People's Edition" of the writings of Mr. Mill, as a Poli tical Philosopher, as one of the most illustrious among the small and select band of really pro found political philosophers. Man's Place and Bread Unique in Nature. By a University Professor. Pp. 88. Edinonston and Douglas. As the epigraph of this impressive little treatise, we have imprinted upon its very tittle-page the golden sentence, " Nature conceals God ; man reveals God." The argument here put forth--with singular modesty (as it appears to us) unacknow ledged—by one of the University Professor's, is put forth with a proclivity, as we may say, towards the Angel rather than towards the Ape. Whereas as Mr. Darwin has gone in for the Ape and Mr. Disraeli (following in this, surely the instinct of a nobler preference) has gone in for the Angel —the anonymous writer sides, avowedly, rather with the latter than with the former commentator, upon the vexed question as to the origin of our species. Such, indeed, is frankly avowed in the very sub-title of the paper thus given to the public as from the hand of " A University Professor." For, in continuation of the title of the paper as above given, " Man's Place and Bread Unique in Nature," the writer adds, " And His Pedigree Human not Simian ! " It is a little book written, in point of fact, very strenuously and earnestly, as well as quite frankly and avowedly, in counteraction of certain views (views only too well known) advanced (at once very superficially and very persuasively) by Mr. Darwin, Professor Huxley, and the Rev. Baden-Powell. It is an argument the data for which are drawn, pretty equally, from Physiology and from Psychology ! An argument, on the one hand for the Supernatural in. Na ture—and on the other, for the Providential and Divine in Human Nature. It is, in yet fewer words, to put the gist of the whole pamphlet, a direct and manful Defence of the Rights of Humanity—rights recently outraged, if not threatened, by the claims put forth in favour of the vilest and meanest of all the Brute Creation, being seriously regarded as our Progenitors. Fleurs des Bords du Rhin. Par le Chevalier de Chatelain. Pp. 320. Rolandi: 20, Berners street. More industrious even than Dr. Watts' bee, the Chevalier de Chatelain has been gathering honey, not only all the day, but, seemingly, all the night too, by the light of his student-lamp, from the wild wilderness of Poetic Flowers that bloom perennially on the banks of the Rhine, consti tuting the vast and varied area of Teutonic Literature. Having gone the whole round of our own poetic literature, as a translator from Eng lish into French, our accomplished author has now boldly ventured, as an interpreter, beyond the border-land of ballad lore in Germany. Here is his first gathering of some among those radiant flowers—a very garland of immortelles ! Among them versions of masterpieces as famous as the Leonora of Burger, as the Song of the Sword of of Korner, as the Erl King of Goethe, as the Diver of Schiller. It is nothing less than an exploit, the translation thus en masse of so many wonderful poems —poems, many of them of far more than merely European reputation. Several amongst them, and these, it should be said, often about the most difficult of successful accom plishment, are accomplished most successfully. Insomuch, that we have reasons enow to congratu late the Chevalier, as we do hereby very cordially, congratulate him upon the grace and dexterity with which he has overcome so many of the difficulties lying in his path—difficulties the conquest of each whichmay be said to amount, in its way, to a crucial experiment. Debrett's Peerage. Illustrated. Debrett's Baronetage and Knightage. Illustrated. Dean and Son. The most radiant as well as the very readiest of Guide-books to the Tipper Ten Thousand—for the use of the Million—is DEBRETT. A guide-book that has enjoyed a wide and extending popularity during a period, now, of upwards of half a century. It was famous, as such, in the days of Brummell and Byron. It, doubtless, was in the thoughts of Thackeray when he dubbed the peerage—where was it ? in the Book of Snobs ? surely it must have been in the Book of Snobs !—" the British Bible." It was, not long since, jibed at, or flouted, or pooh-poohed, or whatever the phrase may be, very absurdly, by one of our weekly contemporaries, in a fit of anger, as "an obscure guide to the peerage"—this very Debrett (teste "Don Juan," testy reviewer !), the mere mention of which has, long and long ago, become a very synonym for the Peerage ! Insomuch that to talk of Debrett is talk of " The Peerage." Just as to mention Hansardis to mention the " Parliamentary D ebates." Or again, just precisely as to speak of Bradshaw is to speak of the " Railway Guide-book." Popular as this " obscure" celebrity has been hitherto, it has during this very season put as fair a face upon it as ever it ha 6 done--appearing in a two-fold form—dividing its one volume, that is to say, into two —in other words, expanding its supplement of a Baronetage (coupling that same with a Knightage), into as goodly a tome as the very Peer age itself. And each of these two volumes, it should be added, will be found to have been abundantly embellished with woodcuts of the armorial bearings of the various families of distinction whose names are recorded in them. What is of far more imper tance, however, than any mere such adornments, the letterpress-information herein stored up and arranged alphabetically, appears to have been— with an especial eye to its accuracy —very carefully revised and corrected throughout. Menzoir of H.E. Cardinal Wiseman. By George White, M.C.P. Bvo., pp. 70. Richardson and Son. A very interesting memorial of a man of more than merely titular Eminence, has here been com piled from the scattered particulars given at the period of the late Cardinal's death and obsequies in the newspapers of the day, in other words in our own columns and in those of our contemporaries. The brochure comprises within it —a Memoir of His Emi nence, an account of the religious rites which marked the close of his career, a description of the solemn Requiem at Moorfields, a report of the Funeral Oration delivered, in the midst of it, from the pulpit of the pro-Cathedral, a record of the cortege, and of the actual interment. After which the compiler of the pamphlet gives the completest list we have yet seen anywhere of the literary works of Cardinal Wiseman—from the form Syriacm, published at Rome in 1828 (thirty-seven years ago !) down to the lecture on William Shakespeare, published, here in London, only the other day, posthumously. As constituting a fitting close to this memorial, the last section of the pamphlet (a section entitled " The Press on the Death of Cardinal Wiseman") gives, first of all, a collection of " Extracts from the Leading journals of the Kingdom," among others from the Daily 7elegraph, The Times, The Sun, The Examiner, and others, followed by a supplementary collection of " Extracts from the Catholic Press," that is, from the Tablet and its contemporaries. As a frontispiece, there will be found prefixed to this memorial a portrait of the Cardinal, taken from Mr. Lynch's well-known lithograph—a sketch of H. E., rendered doubly interesting from its having appended to it a fac-simile of the Cardinal's elegant signature, with its flowing paraphe. Laurie's Standard Reader. The Series of Six. Cheap Edition. Thos. Murby, 32, Bouverie- street. We have noticed this wonderful little series of Standard Readers (so-called) already so very fre quently, that it only remains for us here to welcome, as it deserves, the re-issue of the whole set thus in a cheap form—in a form so very cheap as to place the work, henceforth, within reach of the industrious artisan and of the thrifty cottager. Of itself, it forms quite a little library, and one, it should be said also, that will be found to be equally varied and enthralling in its character. MARKETS—This Day. MAIiK-LANE. The supply of barley on sale was but moderate, and the trade ruled firm, at full currencies. Malt was in slow request, at late rates. Tho arrivals of home-grown wheat fresh up to our market to-clay were moderate, but the condition of the pro duce was somewhat unsatisfactory. Fur all qualities the trade was in a sluggish state, and prices had a drooping tendency. The supply of foreign wheat on sale was very moderate. The demand for all descriptions ruled inactive, but without leading to any change in prices, as compared with Mon day. Floating cargoes of wheat were dull, at barely late rates. Spring corn, afloat, however, was firm in price. The market was fairly supplied with oats, for which there was a fair demand at full currencies. Beans and peas ruled firm at fully late rates. The flour trade was quiet at the prices current on Mon day. ARRIVALS THIS MEEK. Wheat.Barley.Malt. Oats. Flour. English and 5c0tch..2,390 470 2,990 650 730 Irish Foreign 1,680 8,620 830 29,560 750 sks. brls NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. The supplies of meat on sale to-day are small, and the trade is firm at high prices. er 81b by the carcase. sdsd fidsd inferfor beef 3 0 3 4 Inferi ,r mutton.... 4 4 4 10 Midd,ing do. 3 6 310 Vliddlin, mutton-5 0 5 4 ?rime lare do 4 0 4 2 Prime do 5 6 5 8 t'rim , small d,.....4 4 4 6 Veal 4 0 4 10 Large pork 3 4 4 6 , mall pork. 4 8 5 0 Lamb, Cs Od to 7s id. BOROUGH HOP. The supply of English hops on sale continues small, and the trade is firm at full currencies. Foreign hops—of which there is a moderate supply on offer—move off slowly, but at fully late rates as regards all good and fine samples. slid sad East Kent ..... 11. , s to 2ulis per cw.. Weald of Kent Susbex Yearlings llO3 to .3.s Baval ian American Bos LO 13is COLONIAL. TEA.—There has been a moderate amount of business transacted in shipping, qualities and prices have been steadily maintained. Common congou is quoted lid. per lb. SUGAR.—The market has remained dull, although supe rior qualities of West India have fully maintained former rates, while in the refined market the dealings have been to a moderate extent, at former quotations. COFFEE.—There has been a good demand for North Plantation and Native Ceylon, and superior descriptions have fully supported previous rates. RICE.—A fair demand has been experienced, and high rates have been current for superior qualities. TALLow.—The market has been more animated, and quotations for both present and forward delivery show an upward tendency. P.Y.C. on the spot is quoted 415., April to June delivery, 41s. 6d., and last three months 425. 6d. per cwt. The announcement of the failure of Messrs. Buchanan, Hamilton, and Co., of Glasgow, has been received in the City with a general expression of sympathy. The house was respectably con nected and of rather long standing. The principal partner in the firm, Mr. Walter Buchanan, has re presented Glasgow, his native place, in Parliament for many yea's past. The cause of the failure has been the continued depreciation in produce, the house having had large engagements open in the Indian and China trade. The liabilities are esti mated at about £1,000,000, and the assets at £620,000. The estate, it is believed, will realise about 10s. or 12s. in the pound. The following cir cular has been forwarded to his creditors : " Glasgow, April 19. "Gentlemen,—lt is our painful duty to inform you that from heavy losses consequent on the great depreciation in produce we are under the necessity of suspending pay ments. Mr. William Anderson, of Messrs. Kerr, Ander son, and Brodie, accountants, of this city, is engaged iu the preparation of a statement of our affairs, which will be submitted to our creditors early next week.—We are, gen tlemen, your most obedient servants, "BUCHANAN, HAMILTON : AND CO." Business in the Foreign and Colonial Produce Markets reopened on Wednesday last after the Easter holidays. There has, however, not been much activity, although prices of sugar, coffee, rice, and tallow have generally ruled in sellers' favour. Cocoa, saltpetre, and spices have remained without material change in values. POST-OFFICE PUZZLE.—A letter to the following address passed through the Montreal Post -office on Mon day :—" John Burke, Look-out party, Centre Race." It was borne in upon the clerk that Centre Race was intended for Sainte Therese, and he despatched it accordingly.— Montreal Gazette. Firto CI:full .1 * VT_ r HER MAJESTY. - -6- WINDSOR CASTLE, April 20. The Queen drove in the Great Park yesterday afternoon, accompanied by her Royal Highness Princess Helena, and attended by the Hon. TB's• Bruce, and drove in the grounds this morning. Her Royal Highness Princess Beatrice took a carriage drive. Her Majesty the Queen, with their Royal High nesses Princess Helena,- Princess Louise, Princess Beatrice, and Prince Leopold, left the Castle to-day at 20 minutes past three o'clock for Osborne. The suite in attendance consisted of LadY Churchill, Lady Caroline Barrington, the Hon. Mrs. Bruce, the Hon. Lucy Kerr, Col. the Hon. Sir C. B. Phipps, Sir T. M. Biddulph, Major-General F. Seymour, Lieut.-Col. Du Plat, Mr. Sahl, and Mr. Buff. Departure of Her Majesty for Osborne. Yesterday afternoon her Majesty and their Royal Highnesses Princesses Helena, Louise, and Beatrice , and Prince Leopold, attended by Colonel Sir T. M. Biddulph, the Master of the Royal Household, Colonel the Hon. Sir C. B. Phipps, Keeper of her Majesty's Privy Purse, Major-General Seymour , Colonel Du Plat, Lady Churchill, Lady Caroline Barrington, the Hon. Mrs. R. Bruce, &c., left Wind sor Castle shortly after three o'clock for Osborne. The special train provided by the London and South Western Railway for the conveyance of her Majesty to Gosport consisted of several first-class carriages and three state saloons. Her Majesty, with the three royal princesses, rode in a close covered carriage, in which were a couple of white ponies, from the Castle to the terminus , receiving on all sides the warmest marks of respect; while Prince Leopold and his attendants followed ill another carriage, the carriages of the royal suit e having preceded the Queen. Her Majesty, who was attired as usual, seemed il l excellent health, and, with the other members of the Royal family, very graciously returned the loyal salutations while passing across the platform . The royal train left Windsor at 3.20, and travelled past Slough and Reading to the Basingstoke pa' tion of the South-Western Railway, which wa s reached at 4.20. Here the care of the special was transferred to Mr. Godson, the traffic superintend' ent of the last-named line, and the journey was At once resumed by way of Micheldever, Winchester , and Bishopstoke, at which place numbers of speci" tators had assembled to see the Queen. On arriving at GospOrt station, about half-pas t five o'clock, the special was slowly run into th e Royal Clarence Victualling-yard, whence the royal party immedi a t e ly em b ar k e d on b oar d t h e Royal yacht Alberta, Captain his Serene Highness th e Prince of Leiningen, and proceeded to Osborn . e. The royal yacht Elfin, M as t er -C omman d er Ball's' ton, followed with the retinue and equipage. fi e f, Majesty was received a t th e R oya l Cl arenc e -yard by Admiral Sir M. Seymour, K.C.8., Commander in -Chief, and Major-General Lord W. pauleti K.C.8., commanding the south-western district' In other respects the visit was strictly private, a° usual. The Queen will, it is understood, reside at C 5" borne till about the 12th of May, and then return to Windsor Castle. Her Majesty is expected to leave Windsor for Balmoral about the 19th of Mg' The Prince and Princess of Wales. SANDRINGHAM, April 20. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princes! of Wales, attended by the Countess de Grey and Ripon, Lieutenant-General Knollys, Major Grey, Mr. Fisher, and Mr. Holzman, accompanied by th e visitors at the house, attended Sandringham Church on Sunday morning last. The Rev. G. B. Moxerit 8.A., rector of the parish, assisted by the Beti'' Erskine Knollys, officiated, and administered the Holy Sacrament. His Royal Highness Prince Alfred, attended bl Lieutenant Haig and Dr. Bernhardt, arrived 0 Sandringham on Monday on a visit to the Princ e and Princess of Wales. The Prince of Wales drov e to Wolferton to meet Prince Alfred, and afterwards drove him to Sandringham. On Monday and Tuesday their royal highness es enjoyed some excellent sport, a short distance fr° 93 the house, with the hawks belonging to his lbgh ness the Maharajah Dhuleep Singh, which wer e brought by his head keeper from Elvedon, t he Maharajah's Norfolk seat. This morning Prince Alfred, attended by Li e f, tenant Haig and Dr. Bernhardt, l e ft S an dringha' for town, having terminated his visit to the Prix ° and Princess of Wales. The present visit of the Prince and Princess ci f Wales to their Norfolk seat is expected to terms' nate in a few days. His Royal Highnesses Prince Alfred arrived 3b Buckingham Palace from Sandringham yesterday afteruo °ll ' attended by Lieutenant Haig and Dr. Bernhardt. A st The Duchess (Emily) of Beaufort h a s arrive— her house in Hill-street from staying at Badminton. The Marchioness of Salisbury and family retur n to town on Monday next from visiting the Earl and Coll o ir tess Delawarr at Buckhurst Park, S ussex . The 33°`-me marquis has arrived at Hatfield House, Herts. The Earl of Wilton passes through town to-dal from Newmarket, to join the Countess at Worthing. The Earl de Grey is expected to arrive at his re sidence in Carlton- gar d ens thi s even i ng, f rom visiting their Royal Hi g h nesses th e P r i nce an d P r i ncess o f Wrtue at Sandringham. Lord and Lady Rivers will entertain a large pall next week at Rushmore Lodge, on the occasion of the O W riage of the lion. Alice Pitt. BANK OF FEANCE. PARIS, APRIL 20. The following is the return o f th e B an k o f Franc a for the week ending to-d a y, t oget h er w i t h the Or , responding figures of the previous account : DEBTOR. April 20. fr. c. Capital of the Bank.... 182,500,000 Profits in addition to April 13 ' c , 182,500,000 capital (Art. 8, Law, June 9, 1857) 7,043,377 64 7,042, 904 21 Reserve of the Bank and its branches Reserve in lan,:ed pro- 22,105,750 14 22,105,750 14 perty Notes in circulation Banknotes to orderand 4,000,000 - 811,751,175 - 4,000, 02 ? / 806, 557,8 i ~ receipts payable at sight Treasury account cur rent creditor Current accounts, Paris 100,215 , 916 75 106,107,1 80 Do. branch banks Dividends payable 1,020,437 75 1,094,9 61 Discounts and suuctry 6,901,894 14 6,236,498 76 9,502,740 80 9,017,20 23 interests Rediscounted the last six months Sundries 1 24 6 8 6 9 : 4 19 4 2 4 1 0 8 5 1,.. 2 ):4 7 4 8? ) ,Z s°s6 Total CREDITOR. April 20. Apri l 19 " c. Cash in hand and in fr. c. fr. 98 Branch banks 430,925,270 12 432,77 6 , 29 A Commercial bills over due Commercial bills dis conuted, not yet duo 260,534,900 Do. branch banks 272,974,241 Advances on deposit of bullion Do. branch banks Do. on French Public Securities Do. by branch banks Do. QU railway shares 726, 756 'l9 820,391 15 22L1,983627,12 03 pog ! 21,200,796 35 20,5 14,u,- 3,422,795 3,506,995 14,672,700 - 9,076,7u0 - 29,5200100 - 18,172,050 - and debentures . D. branch banks.... Do. on Credit Fencier Bonds Do. branches Do. to the State (Con vention, June 10, 1857) 60,000,000 Government Stock re- 564,200 - 347,350 -- serve Do. disposable Rentes Immobalise'es 14,41 5 , 2 ° 1 5 8,00,0 29,391,21 5 17;4110 566, 100 , A --- 554,9" 60,0 00,00 0 -' 150 14 12,980,750 14 12,980,4• --, 91 36,337,487 91 36,07,81 100,000,000 -‘ (Law, Juno 2, 1857) 100,000,000 Hotel and furniture of the Bank and landed property branches ... Expenses of manage- 8,471, 32° --. 8,471,365 - 1,260,018 85 1,045,572, 7,6 6,108,898 55 8,275,06 v Sundries Total ----7,,42 43 1,287,610,364 07 1,279,170,v eel (Sign") The 4 , 3netor Governor of the BeDIK of V ridi ROVLAND. A. ust. Belgic Dutch Do. Frenc: Do. Italiar Do. Conso Do. ton fire; any in ( bee not and tie s An 1 dig ( va n Z2C arid tier adv it NN sari ] for Thi anin 611 0 V shit( East Easi abo t limit cline Fu la 14: 4 1. have ( 3 per Do o per New New Do. Aunt Do, Do Exch Lank /lust brazi :;,..Dc Ellen Dc Chili Cuba I) ( Dani Dc Dc Dane Do Lqua Do E go DO 1)0 Greet °llat€ 11 0 . 1)o ~ exit 1)0, Do Th dea Th nesda , 4ilesi Rusin