The Sun. — London, England, 1848-10-31 00:00:00

_ •^......., --,-,- - __ . . _ . _ _____ • ____ ~ . . . .. ___ _ _____ _ ____ ...._ _ _ _____ , . • .• . / / 1 4 / r t _._ . ... ..e,...4„...., ~.., ~..:. ,t,,... ..... .. __. ...:. .... _ .., ,„ ....t.:, . tt.i., .. . 4... nm.. , . - 1 ) ,40 tor„ -, ..... , - - 1 " . . 1 / 7 v," /_ i eemparativelyw'L-aupg --.." t . - .... 4 ~I ._ . , , ' ka k ~,. • , (. . _ . 1,....., ...r. ~...--. •'> . "'l;c. , - , . ‘ X . 1 1. f it, -\ !''. _ .., .. worthlets_? Had anti it '. _ .. c ( 4 . _ ~, I-1 ' _ 1,. .— .. Pt:. '-' ..,,, .., l et . , -.4.-*._. ; ,7 _ l ``,.. ' (3 , 2,7,--,.,_ 0 , 4.- V . I •,',-,, -•_, . , •'- 1 2 2 . .,C .616. Of that science now la: ..• t.,t6 ......- ty.... '47, ~____=: .'.: - . - it;,*, ' . ,t, , , i - `1,...' ., , , ~,,,,,,, .. , .' 4( `P -- 27, 1 , , t 4.-3 z ---, - , 7'.• ,4 - z ~, ,,- 1:4 - '` ~ q e i ., A ,11,,, . 4+, -,c „ .,,, • • ........\__ -......_.;), (.0.. "' it ' . - '; ' '.7'A.-k ~,, hve been .".. \ :*-4 7- k ";1'':: - : *-* )t 4V , -,,,-. ' g. -- ' 5 l? It p .4 , !.... ,,,, , ,....,:-... ....., .. 4 ,0_,.....„.„.. _, v q.„... -.: . ~ •.,..,,„ .. ~.., ..., -.. A.,- ---_111. 4. m 4 \ '`. - - - -t -- t.,..- • • . - -het's i tg =?~=, IRISH SOCIETY of' LONDON. Instituted 25th March, 1822, Preinothig the.Eddcatlen and Religions Instruction of the Native through the medium of their own Language. VICE- PATRON. The Right Hon. and Most Rev. his Grace the Archbishop of • CANTERBURY. PRESIDENT. The Right Hon. the Earl of GALLOWAY. VICE-PEESIIf ans. His Grace the Duke of Manchester. Most Noble the Marquis of Cholmondeley. Right Hon. the Earl of Ilarrowby. • -The Right - Hon. the Earl of Cork and Orrery. Right Hon.-the Earl of Reden. • • - Right Hon..the Earl of Gosford. „Right Hon. the Earl, ot Gainsborough. Right Hen. the Earl of Effingham. • **-- Right Hon. the Earl of Cavar. Right Hon. Viscount Lifford. Might Rev. the Lord Bishop of Cashel and Waterford. • 'Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Calcutta.' Right Hon. Lord Caithorpe. , Right Ilan. Lord Bexley. Earl Jermyn .• • Viscount Adare, 3f.P. The Lord 'Aiffiley, M.P. • • • Lord Arthur Hervey. Right lion. Sir George Grey, Bart., MX. . Right:Hon.. Sir G. 11. Rose, Bart. Slr_R. Bart., M.P. Sir C. S. Hunter, Bart. The Hon. Granville D. Ryder, M.r. Sir Thomas Blomefleld, Bart. Sir Morgan G. Crofton, Bart. Kennaway, Bart. Captain Vernon Harcourt, R.N. John Cator, Esq. Evelyn J. Shirley, Psq., M.P. "Henry Kemble, Esq., M.P. Hon. William Cowper, M.P. Tutastramt—Captaln the Hon. Francis Maude, R.N. " SUB-TREASUIER —Enosh Durant, Esq. BANKERS—Messrs. Dramlnond and Co., Charing-cross. Office of the Society, 32, Sackville-street, Piccadilly. In the present eventful state of Ireland, the Committee of the Irish Society of London would call , the attention of the ...public to the 4 beneflcial results of the Society's labours in that Country, and would earnestly appeal for increased support, to carry out the objects' which It has in view ; and while they by no means unffervalue the efforts which are being made, whether by legislation or by private enterprise, to improve the temporal condition of Ireland, the Committee feel convinced, froarmuch ex perience, that all the remedies proposed must prove unavailing, tin , • less, at the same time, measures are taken to elevate the moral ' character of the Irisfi peasantry by means of religious instraction. The Irish Society labours in the native districts, where upwards of 1,000,000 of the population speak the Irish language. There are now 800 teachers connected with it, who instruct the - native Irish in reading the Word of God. Since the commencement 300,000 individuals, chiefly adults, have thus been taught to read the Scriptures, many of whom embraced the Protestant faith. ' One hundred and eight Scripture readers are employed, who read the Irish Bibles in the cabins, or to groups of the peasantry at work la their fields, or by the road side. Seven Irish-sneaking clergymen are in connexion with the Society Ivho read.the Liturgy, and preach the Gospel in thenative language.. Tea congregations of coaverts have been raised up, or are now ministered to through the- instrumentality of the Society. Two of these are in the county of Galway, two in the county of Cork, and Six in-Kerry. Many Roman Catholics, not included in those distinct congrega tions, have been brought, through the blessing of Almighty God upon the Society's labours, to renounce tke errors of Rome, and are now incorporated with old Protestant congregations. • Some groups of converts who have been instructed by the Society_, are asking for Irish clergymen to be located amongst them. - In various "places crowds of Roman Catholics attend Protestant churchesend school-houses, where an Irish-speaking clergyman has been announced to preach: One clergyman states : "In the Cathedral of I preached on Wednesday evening. The church was filled, the Roman Catholics standing up to the readiag-desk, and outside the doors. At D—, on Sunday night, there, had we a place large enough, we might have had many hun dreds of Romanists ; as it was, we had• a goodly number, and those who were obliged to stand outside the window occasionally requested - that I would speak up, so as they might hear." • . Anether . . " I had a most interesting tour through the C— Irish districts. I preached 20 sermen§, in Irish, to over 2,000 in all. I may count that 1,000 were cOnverts, 500 - Romanists, and 500 old Protestants. One poor man, who was nothearing me, heard so much about the sermon from others, that he said he would come to hear the next sermon, if the West would roast him in the fire for it.' Many a Poor creature from Op heart said, 0, when will you come again air? Alas ! that we hav'nt an Irish ministry.'" Such are some of the results of the Soeiety's proceedings ; but the - committee would allude to one mote, of considerable importance at the present time, and that is, that wherever the native Irish have been instructed by the Society, they have become loyal subjects of our Queen, and abstain a.•om all connexion with the treasonable practices and illegal associations which are so hostile to the peace end prosperity of the kingdom. The Committee have made diligent inquiries upon this subject, and the replies tAf their inquiries have been highly satisfactory. The following are extracts from one letter out of upwards of tweaty of the same character received by the Committee : " I affirm it as a fact that could not be contradicted, that out of the thousands in Ireland connected with the Dish Society, tkat none of them are connected with illegal associations, or with that dan- • Serous agitation now so formidable, and hostile to Ireland's best interests. Our teachers and pupils are almost entirely friendly to British connexion ; they have felt Rome's spiritual tyranny, and they believe, if the union with Great Br'ite'n were dissolved, that both spiritual and political:tyranny would become intolerable." And there are not a few instances of members Ribbon or other !'legal associations having been converted through the insti amen tality of the Society; and now employed in teaching their country men to read the Word of God. • An indvidnal who lately visited a congregation of converts in one of the wildest districts of the west, remarks : ... " When I entered the cabin, the whole congregation rose, seeing a stranger with a Bible in 'his hand, and gave me a hearty wel come, crying out Cead Miro Fantle,' Cead Mille Failthe.' They were orderly in their conduct, and deeply attentive to the Word of God. I was especially pleased with the demeanour of two indivi duals, and not a little gratified at afterwards hearift; their story. One had been a celebrated and lawless pugilist, the other the leader of a Ribbon Lodge, both of them daring characters in the neigh bourhood ; but through the mercy of God they met with the teachers 'of the Irish Society, they were instructed in the Scriptures, and now, from their respectable appearance and general conduct, as Well from the change which has taken place, they might be described in the language of inspiration,. Sitting at the feet of Jesus, clothed, and Is their right mind.' One of them is the owner of the cabin where the congregation was assembled—the other, the Scripture header employed in the district." To extend these benefits, under the blessing of God, amongst the Irish-speaking part of the population the present appeal is made. It is acknowledged by all parties that somethingiaust be done for —lreland ; and without limiting the measures which may be devised by the benevolent, the Committee of the Irish Society of London Would respectfully suggest that religious instruction should have a prominent place amongst them. It has succeeded in the Protestant districts of the north of Ireland, Which are as free from crime, disloyalty, and pauperism as any parts of England, and where industry and order flourish to a remarkable degree. It has succeeded, under the blessing of the Most High, in those native districts and localities where the inhabitants have been instructed by the teachers of the Irish Society, in which crime, sedi tion, and animosity have given place to peace, to loyalty, and goodwill. And why should it not succeed upon a greatly extended scale? It Is a measure which the Committee believe God will honour—that lied will surely bless. There is a prom - se which they would desire to remember, and in humble reliance upon which they carry on the Work.committed to their charge—" My word...—. shall not return unto me void ; but it shall accomplish that which I please, and it Shall prosper in the thing whereto I sent it." That " word" when blessed by God the Spirit, wll teach even the most deluded of the Irish peasants to "julamit to every ordinance of Man for the Lord's sake." It will inculcate industrious habits—" if any would not work, neither should he eat." It will produce a respect for life and property, and thus give an opportunity for the introduction of capital, and the emp oyment of the people at home, enabling them to support themselves, instead of being a burden to others. It will be the.-are remedy for treason and rebellion--" Fear God —honour the king—and meddle not with them that are given to change." - Above all, it will teach them the way of eternal salvation, through our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.—John iii. 16, 17. — Acts iv. 12. The inhabitants of England, Wales, the Highlands of Scotland, and of the distant colonies, all hear, in their own tongue, the won derful works of God; and the Committee make this appeal to the Christian and benevolent public, that they may be enabled to send to the 3,000,000 of the native Irish, religions instruction in that lan guage which they can understand. Subscriptions and donations will be received by the bankers ; by the Treasurers and by the Secretaries at the Society s Office, 32, Sackville-street, Piccadilly; by Messrs. Hatchard, Piccadilly; by . I fessrs. Nisbet and Co., Borers-st eet ; by Messrs. Seeley, Fleet street ; by Sir Claude Scott, Bart., and Co., Cavendish-square ; by 'Messrs. Glyn, Halifax, and Co., Lombard-street; and by Messrs. Barclay, Bevan, and Co., Lombard-street. , The Irish Intelligence, published monthly at one penny—and the Anneal Report —may be bad by application to the Secretaries THE ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION, REGENT-STREET. A Lecture on Sanitary Measures connected with the Progress of Cholera and ether Epidemics, by Dr. Ryan, daily, at Half-past Threw, and on Monday , Wednesday, and Friday Evenings, at Nine o'clock.—Also on the Manufacture of Gutta Percha, by Dr. Bach hoffner, Mornings and alternate Evenings.—An entirely new Phan tasmagoria, by Childe, every Evening at Eight o'clock, with ap propriate Music—The Dissolving Views, with historical descriptions. --The Chromatrepe, with New Effects.—The Microscope at One O'clock daily.—Diver and Diving-bell.—Working Models explained. Open daily frorn Eleven to Five and in the Evenings (incln4ing Saturday) from Seven till Half-paseTen. Admission, ls.—Schools, Malf-price.—The New Catalogue, le. XTICOLL'S REGISTERED PALETOT.—This .LN most gentlemanly and useful over - coat reta i ns i ts originarmo derate_price, and being adapted for the autumn and whiter months, has already been honoured with the patronage of his Royal Highness Prince Albert; Prince George of Cambridge, Prince Edward of Saxe- Weimar, his Grace the Duke of Wellington, and the chief ornaments of the Court, the Pulpit, and the Bar. The above can be obtained In London only of H. J. and D. NICOLL, 114, 116, 120, Regent- Street, and 22, Cornhill. A R R I A G E. ill One half the world are desolately single, and the other SUpposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, er a Sense of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em bitter tho latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un cornprosing harry; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity, and broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness and social content. The dowry should net be the only marriage set tlement. Honour and justice demand that health should form an item In the compact; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes er . • _ aeglect weand more sorely than poverty or misfortut - ;. Reader, if these surmises concern you, procure Dr. CULVERWELL'S little MEMOIRS "On Single and Married Life, " pub. in 2 vols., Is. each (by post, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively twined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hiadered 4 ?' misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining , •They are not intended certainly for mere idle cariosity, but sr the closet perusal of those mere deeply interested, to whom IV are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on e above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone er bether, are a di s grace to the age. Furthermore, two other qe• Publications claim your attention (same price Is, each, Post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and Z v oifi,'' and " Row to be Happy." They are not merely c r a t lnPtilets, but equal in quantity a library 'volume, nor are they the nac• re ephemeral scribbllngs of the hoar, but the study of the author's Who ewes his present existence, health, and position to this ob ,e rv 'tnce of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he l ould be done unto—to live alter nature's laws—and to keep always 1 11 1 the " sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of 39 "wood 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 14Y, Fleet•street • Mann, inCornhill ; Nelsen, 457, West Strand; or direct (by post or ether ) front the anther (who may be conferred with personally, • 'ung3 and gyoulngs), 10, Argyll-elaee Regent-street: and all 111 .,,,, LL utrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel. " 'YSICAL DISQIJALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA CITY,IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. ew Edition, enlarged to 1% pages. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or pill:V..oW, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps, E RE_ SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on ep, "to infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex mdulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury, With r emarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain die rafilleations. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. By R. and P ERRY and CO., 19, Berners-stroet, Oxford-street, London. lit:Wished by the Authorsby stran , e, 21, Paternoster-rew t a L lina Y , 63 , and Sanger, 150, Oxford-streee; Starie, 23, Titehborne s Ilaymarket ; and Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street. Aux I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive vtTag, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings. .Paar 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessiveindul :re, and th e i r lamentable effects on the system, producing mental b.. d ._ bo dilY weakness, nervous excit emen t, an d genera ti ve i nca p ac ity. ul illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings. PanT 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in 20.Printry or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for e.ll' treatment. The consequences of early neglect and of the abuse !dmereury, are also clearly pointed out. This section is illustrated DY_Seventeen Coloured Engravings. _Patty IV. treats of the PrevetNtion of _Disease by a simple ap ?neaten, by which the danger of infection is obviated. Its action .k!_skinple but sure. It acts with the virtu chemlw,lly, and destroys rs Power en the system. This I - worth:it part of the Work should e pad lty every Young Man entering into life. d titi alir Y. Is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its hg„. 68 . Tlie causes of unproductive union are also considered, and whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into. •L'isContsiat, BALE or SvmAcinis is exclusively employed in treat ,„Vvrvous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., .and 335. per r •-•'• o. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic tl,,, ln o e ` l Y , for Purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symp 1,,,T," er ,,, u Ptious, and the , abuse of mercury, I Is. and 335. per bottle. rurifY4lo Specific Pills, 2s. sd. Is. 6d., and Ils. per box, a O r tain iemedy in gonorrhcoa,gleet, strictures, and chronic inflamma- L l ,ll of the bladder. Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. Sl. Packets w 1 „,„ 1 11 advice to be h a d at the R•ttablishritent only, by which the fee, "*. s aved. Attendanc e daily at 19, Berners-street, from Mem ta TITO, and rive t o Ei g ut & a t m from Elven to One. No. 17,503. 1 Y LONDON, TUESDA w r q LT 1 V.l PUBLICA TIONS. AINSWORTH'S MAGAZINE. CONTENTS FOR NOVEMBER No. LXXXII. I. Crichton. By W. Harrison Ainsworth, Esq.—ll. The Dreams. An Adventure in the Life of a Danish gtudent. By F. M. Rowan.— 111. Curiosities of Early Travel in the Moly Land. —IV. The Friends of our Youth and our Age. By J. E. Carpenter, Esq.—Y. A Cala mity in Professional Life.—Vl. L'Embarras du Choix. By Charles Hervey, Esq.—Vll. The Combat a L'Outrance. By Thomas Roscoe, Esq.—VIII. The Homesteads of Lower Brittany. By W. Hughes, Esq.—lX. Genevieve. By Caroline do Cresplgny.—X. The Black Slaver. By William 11. G. Kingston, Esq.—Xl. The Cottntess of Rudolstadt. By Miss Matilda M. Hays. Illustrated by HABLO f K. I3ROWNE. Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand. COLBURN'S NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE. Edited by W. HARRISON AINSWORTH, Esq. Contents for NOVEMBER. No. CCCXXXV. . I. An Adventure on a Wedding Tour. By Dudley Costello.—ll. Secret Plans of the Jesuits.—lll. Castle Scbildheiss. By John Ox enford. —IV. A very Ancient Variation of the Legend of the Most Holy St. Dunston, Archbishop of Canterbury. By Robertson Noel, Esq., LL.D.—V. Life and Reminiscences of Thomas Campbell. By Cyrus Redding.—Vl. On the New Heidelberg Bastile now construct ing. Ey Captain Medwin.—Vll. A Visit to the Battlefields of Cressy and Agincourt. By Henry Lawes Long, Esq.—VIII. A Few Months -in Southern Africa. By Lieat.-Colonel E. Napier.—lX. An Attempt to show that Fish are the Real Lords of the Creation. —X. The Fighting Fairfaxes.—Xl. Tick. By Charles Rowcroft.— XIL The Castlereagh Memoirs and Correspondence.—Xlll. Glimpse at Republican Paris Last Month.—XlV. The Visit of the French National Guards to London. By Mr. Jolly Green.—XV. The Habitué's Note Book. By Charles Hervey, Esq.—XVl. The Theatres.—XVll. Literature. Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand. WIDLAND It A.I.LWAY. t_TJL Newby ark, Oct. 24, 1848. Sir,—On behalf of the Directors of the Midland Railway Com pany, I am requested to acknowledge the retielpt of an Address from a number of Shareholders,resident iu LiverpoOt and the neighbour hood which you have transmitted to them. . The Directors would have bten content merely to acknowledge the receipt of the Address, had it not contained - an imputation upon them, which they cannot pass over fin *Helices The Shareholders commence their address by ascribing the depression of their pro perty to " the want of public confidence in 'the integrity of the ma nagement." The Directors, therefOre, fiesirei that you will immedi ately furnish them with a list of the specific charges involved in this statement, in order that they may convene, a Special Meeting of the Company, and have the opportunity of refuting the accusation thus brought against the integrity of a body of gentlemen - Who feel that they stand as high in the estimation of the pttblic at large as the in dividuals who have appended their names to tnis calumnious docu ment, which comes with a peculiarly bad grace frem a body of Share holders who, prior to the appointment of the present Directors, were only receiving a two-and-a-half per cent: dividend. Since that time the dividends have been increased. to six and seven per-cent. In the meantime I may be allovred to offer to you, as one of the Shareholders who have signed the address, a few remarks upon the several suggestions contained in it. • 1. You call upon the Directors to close The capital account. No person is more fully aware than yourself that the shareholders have had the power of passing a vote to that effect at any half-yearly meeting. But supposing the development Of a new traffic, producing a revenue of 20,008/. or 30,0001. per annum, should reqvire an out lay of 60,000/., how absurd it would be to say that such outlay ought to be taken out of income. 2. You call upon the Directors to examine and pay all outstanding accounts of the solicitars..These accounts are no * undergoing a strict examination, and as soon as the solieltorS are satisfied to accept the amount the Directors think due to them, their bills w:11 be paid. But surely this is a matter which must.be left to the discretion of the Directors ; had they given way to the pressure of the Pro prietors when they were urged to settle the demands of the contrac tors, they might have sacrificed a very large sane for the sake of an immediate settlement. They succeeded in making great reductions, and so much was saved to the Company. The claims of the con tractors amounted to 89,6771., and were finally liquidated for 17,7231. 15s. 7d. Your objection to any further Parliamentary ex penses being incurred, without the sanction of the Shareholders, is futile ; it is clear'that no Parliamentary expenses of any importance can be incurred without such sanction. ' S. You call for a reduction of the salaries of our engineers. We have only one engineer employed upon, tho lines, and, considering the abilitica of that.genticatau, the Directors do not.think him over paid. 4. You require that stations shall not be enlarged. Should traffic increase, how is it to be conducted without increased accommoda tion? If the Shareholders think the Directors incompetent to decide upon matters of this kind, they hal much better remove them, and appoint others is whom they have greater confidence. S. The Directors are called upon to enter into no nuther contracts. [trust have escaped your recollection that at the last half-yearly meeting I gave an assurance that the Directors did not intend to engage in any further contracts. 6. You allude to traffic which you do not consider - remunerative to the Company.. The Directors are entitled to ask you to be more explicit, and to state specifically what traffic is meant. 7. You think the number of trains ought 'to be reduced. This is a question which must be left to the judgment of the Directors ; for nothing can be more difficult than to determine, front time to time, what trains ought to be ran. I consider it would be an unwise and Impolitic measure to take off the express train, which you suggest should be done. • 8. The alteration you propose in the mode of appointing Directors would require a new Act of Parliament. 9. Yoa ask the Directors to purchase all stores by public contract. I have no doubt you are aware that this is generally done, but it not infrequently happens that the Directors can purchase articles in the market much below the contract price, and when they can do so they _Often avail themselves of the opportunity. I have now answered or commented upon every point of the ad dreSs, except that which relates to the depreciation of the value of shares, with which the Directors feel that they have little or nothing to do. Their duty is to obtain all the traffic they-can, and to pay the Shareholders good dividends: The address you have sent is signed by seventy Shareholders, this is a small proportion of the entire number, which exceeds 8,600. You are a holder of capital stock in the company to the amount of 3501., and you describe yourself in the address as a broker. From your experience in that business, I have ne doubt you are well able to inform the public how the old railway stock of this company has become so much depreciated. In my position as Chairman of several railway companies, I have received numerous complaining letters, all, I am bound to say, crouched in a courteous and respectful manner ; and I have answered them by assuring the parties of the soundness and stability of the concerns over which I preside. The acknowledgments I have re ceived in reply have been generally satisfactory; many of the parties stating that they were holders of stock in a variety of foreign and other new lines, and that they were compelled to sell the stock of aid lines to pay for the new. When the supply exceeds the demand, and when a regular coinbination exists to depress railway property, I believe any course which Directors may pursue will be of little avail. Yet, after all, the amount of stock transferred in the com panies ever which I preside has • bees less than usual, which shows that many of the quotations of sales are merely nominal. I have no fear of not seeing railway property again placed in a better position in the market, though not at the extravagant price it has heretofore arrived at, and then its proper and true value will be maintained in a manner that will be more satis factory to all parties. Consols have been at 47, they are now at 84%, and have been at 100. If you or your friends can, by any effort, advance them to 92 or 93, I have no doubt you will 'see a great advance in railway property. Theand Bank Stock has paid 10 per cent., and is now only paying seven, the price has fallen con siderably ; but no one ever doubted the integrity of the management ofthe Bank. The surprise to me is, that in the excitements and commotion which have prevailed, railway traffic has been so well supported. Even the present amount of traffic justifies the anticipa tion that the rate of dividends will not undergo any material dimi nution ; and this remark applies to all the lines over which I have the honour to preside. I wish I could call the serious and grave attention of the chairman of the London Stock Exchange to a pub lication which is issued weekly, professing to be under the sanction of that body. lam aware that the statements which appear in that paper are stated not to be published under the authority of the Stock Exchange a but I cannot close my eyes to the effect that they pro duce on the mind of the public, who naturally consider that they have that sanction. If these statements were correct and true, no person would have a right to complain —but when they are almost in every instance incorrect, and their general ten dency is to depreciate railway property, it would be well that the Stock Exchanle should disavow a publication -which is calculated. to do so much mischief. I must, in con clusion, request that you will call the Requisitionists together, and that there may be no delay in leading a list of the charges ina pug,ning the lutegrity'of the Directors, who are anxious to meet and repel the "calumnious imputations that have been made against them. Nothing but a sense of duty to the large body of Share holders who have hitherto given their confidence induces the Di rectors to retails their seat at the Board ; and as soon as that con fidence is withdrawn they will most readily and gladly resign their trust into other hands by whom the affairs of the Company may be more ably conducted, I perhaps might observe, before I conclado my letter, without pledging myself to the statement, but merely giving it as my own individual opinion, that I believe another Si. call upon tho 501. Shares, with the arrears of calls now owing, will complete all the works in course of construction, and the remaining 2-51, per Share will remain applicable to the liquidation of the debt. The liabilities of the Company are under the consideration of the Directors, in order to enable them to lay a statement before the Proprietors, which it is anticipated will be done within a very early period. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, GEORGE HUDSON. To J. Heighten Braneker, Esq., Liverpool. GRAVESEND via BLACKWALL RAIL WAY, and STAR and BLACKWALL PACKETS. Railway and Boat included in one Payment. Fares, to or from London. Fore Cabin and Second Class Railway, ONE SHILLING; Saloon and First Class ditto, ONE SHILLING and SIXPENCE. To or from Blackwall or intermediate Piers, Fore Cabin •..•• • .. 9d. Salool. •• • .... Is. No other Packets call at the Grays or Greenhithe Piers. FROM TERRACE PIER, GRAVESEND. Week Days, at 7, 84,* 9%, 11%, 1,3, and 5. Sundays, at 7, 214,* 1114, 1,2, aid 5. FROM BRUNSWICK WHARF, BLACKWALL. Week Days, at 9%, 11. 12, 11¢, 3,4, and 5.* Sundays, at 9%, 11, 1%, 3,4, and 5.* The TRAINS starting one quarter of an hour before each of these times. Passages marked * are run direct, the Packets not being per mitted to stop at Piers or for Beats. O►enibuses from Fenchurch-street Station to all parts of London every quarter of an hear. BOAT TICKETS.—TweIve Months, 41.45. ; Six Months, 21. 15s. ; Three Months, 11. 15s. ; to be had of the Collectors on board the packets ; Mr. Monk, Terrace Pier, Gravesend ; or of Mr. Saunders, Brunswick Wharf, Blackwell. Passengers' Luggage conveyed to and from the Packets and Rail way, at the Brunswick-wharf, without any charge. The charge for Porterage at Fenchurch-street is ld. for small parcel's, and td. for largo parcels. October 25,1845. COUNTRY RESIDENCE. TO be LET, in the pleasant rural Village of SWANSCOMBE, KENT, a short distance from the intended Railway Station, at Northfleet, and the Pier, at Greenhithe, a convenient DWELLING HOUSE, with excellent Two-stall Stable. Coach-house, Paddock, and productive Garden, well stocked with Fruit-trees. For particulars, apply to Adam Steele, Esq., solicibr, No. I, Lin coin's Inn-fields. .EA. and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE SATJCIL is universally allowed to be the most Piquant and the Richest in Flavour of any Sauce in use, and for Fish, Gravies for Roast Meat, Steaks, Game, &c., or a zest for Curries, Soap, Cold Meat, it is entirely unrivalled. The unparelleled success of this Sauce having induced imitations, purchasers are particularly requested to see that the name of LEA and PERRINS are upon the Label and the Metallic Capsules, as also to read the Testimonials (which are enclosed with every bottle) from the residence of Royalty, the principal Club Houses and Ho tels in London, Edinburgh, &c. &c., and from private Families in the country. . _ Sold by the proprietors. Lea and Berens, 6, Vere-street, Oxford street, London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester; Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Messrs. Crosse and 131ackwell, and other Oilmen, London, and generally by all dealers in sauces. 0 V E is the leading feeling of the human 41 breast. More exalted than mere passion, It sears high above every other Impulse of nature, and is not only stronger than avarice, but more engrossing even than ambition. No man is exempt from its influence, or can avoid 10 sway ; and business, pleasure, philo sophy, and divinity Itself become neglected under the enthralling power of LOVE, which, unlike most things, increases in intensity with time, until it receives the sacred consummation of marriage. When union does not take place, however, this passion, this fervour, this golden tide of the manliest feelings becomes a deadly poison in the heart, which now darkens, as it before bright ened, all things upon earth. How is it that men, of most un changeable habits, will change at the very altar, and after a life thee spent in the fulfilment of every engagement, snap the very con tract asunder which should be most binding to an honourable mind? It is the effect of conscience. The Lover, by enervation of early habits, or the results of secret disease, knows himself to be disqualified, and dares not enter a state which has been instituted by Divine Law for the fulfilment of Important ends. The wretched condition of such a being must subsequently be beyond measure deplorable 1 Loving and beloved, he entails the most miserable disappointments on the object of his choice, and upon himself a desolation the most horrible, when the simple possession of natural attributes would change the scene, and yield to both a life of unalloyed happiness. The subject is interesting, and deserves the attention of all. These desirous of investigating it will find the fullest and most satisfactory information in the little work entitled SELF-PRESERVATION, Illustrated by forty coloured engravings on the anatomy, physiology, and diseases of the reproductive organs; with practical observa tions ea the secret infirmities of youth and maturity, resulting from solitary habits, excesses, or infection. By SAMUEL LAWERT, M.D., Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Nall, London, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, &c. This treatise is the result of a long course of study in a peculiar and much neglected branch of medical practice, and the author having ob tained the highest medical honours, is a guarantee for his profes sional experience, which has reference almost solely to the treat ment of these diseases. REVIEW OF THR WORK. La'Mert en the Infirmities of Touth and Maturity.—" There are scenes in the drama of life which are acted with no spectator but Conscience ; and of these the result is ever disastrous. Happy the mortal who meets with a timely mentor to snatch him from - the gulf into which such scenes must plunge him 1 In the book before as such a monitor is to be found, calculated to warn and instruct the erring, without impairing one idea that can vitiate a mind not al ready tutored by the vices of which it treats. It is written in a style of masterly precision and lucidity, blending the profoundest truths of philosophy and physics with the loftiest precepts of morality. It is a production calculated to confer a vital benefit, physically and morally, upon all who are tempted from the rigid path of abstemiousness and propriety. A father may trust it in the hands of his boy. By un taught innocence the book is not, of course, needed ; but wherever laxity has prevailed, tho tender yet awful voice breathing in these pages is likely to prove as strikingly beneficial as the admonitions of a homily blended with the practical advice of a writer on medicine." —United Kingdom Magazine. The work may be had price 2s. Gd., of Kent and Richards, 52, Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Stade, Tichborne street, Haymarket; Gordon, 146, Leafienhall-street ; Mansell, 115, Fleet-street ; or, free by pest, for forty-two stamps, front the author's residence, who may be consulted ex these disorders personally, Or by letter, dally, from Ten to Two, or from Five to Eight. 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE. LONDON. Just published, In 2 vols. Bvo., price 30s. cloth, LETTERS of WILLIA M HI. and LOUIS XIV. aid of their MINISTERS ; illustrating the Domestic and Foreign Politics of England from the Peace of Rysvvick to the Accession of Philip V. of Spain (1697 to 1770). Edited by P. GRIMIILOT. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. Eighth Edition, thoroughly revised, corrected, and improved, 1 thick vol. Bvo., 11 305. , cloth DOPER'S S MEDICAL DICTIONARY. Eighth Edition, revised, corrected, and improved, by KLEIN GRANT, MD. Lecturer on the Practice of Physic at the 4'dersgate School of Medicine, &c. London Longman, Brown, and Co. ; Hamilton and Ce. ; Slmp kin and Co.; Whittaker and Co. ' • S. Ifighley ; T. Butspus; Haul ston and; Co.; 11. Rensha w; B. Fellowes ; H. G. Balm; J. Churchill; Orr and Co. ; Bickers and Bush; G. Routledgo; Tegg and Co. ; Griffin and Co. ; and E. and F. Waller. Edinburgh : A. sad C. Black ; and Maclachlan and Co. Dublin : Faunin and Co. - _~ ~- THE HERO OF SCINDE. This day is published, price 2 s . 6d., b y post, 3„-, T HE DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE for NOVEMBER, 1848. CONTENTS: I. The Philellenist.--ll.—Scenes and Stories from the Spanish Stage. No. 11.--111. The Nun and the Cardinal.—lV. Lays of Many Lands. By J. C. Mangan.—V. Our Portrait Gallery. N 0.50. Lieut.-Gen. Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B. With an Etching.—Vl. Ceylon and the Cingalese.—Vll. —The Castlereagh Papers.—Vlll. Chinese Jugglers.—lX. The Reign of Elizabeth in Ireland.—X. The Trials for Iligh Treason, &c., &e. Dublin : James APGilashan, 21, D'Olier-street. W. S. Orr and Co., 147, Strand, London. Sold by all Booksellers at home and abroad. 1, 4 SHARPE'S LONDON MAGAZINE. Edited by FRANK FAIRLEGIL The NOVEMBER Part, price is., contains Two Superior Engrav ings on Steel, and the following, among other articles of general in terest : Quebec. By W. H. Bartlett. With an Illustration. Sttakspeare's Individuality. By Mrs. Cowden Clarke. Lewis Arundel. Chaps. 1 and 2. By the Editor. Two Chapters from the Life of Marechal D'Ancre. By Miss Pr'doe. Remarkable Literary Impostures. Reviews : Life and Reipains of John Keats.—Diary of Samuel Pepys, F.R.S.—Browning's Be"s and Pemegrantes. London: Artkar Hall and Co., 25, Paternoster-row. Now ready, in One Volume super-royal Bvo. price 12s. cloth gilt, FORTY DAYS in the DESERT ; : by the Au thor of " Walks about Jerusalem." The object of this volume is to give distinct and graphic pen and pencil Sketches of the Route of the Israelites from Egypt to Mount Sinai, dwelling particularly upon the beautiful oasis of Wady Feiran, and the neighbouring mountain, the Serbal. The work also embraces notices of the Con vent of St. Catherine, Mount Hor, and the extraordinary City of Petra. Illustrated with Twenty-seven Engravings on Steel, a Map, and nurnerbus Woodcuts. London : Arthur Hall and C0.,.25, Paternoster-row. England's Future King. The Queen and the - Royal Family, and 150 Winter Fa.shious, in the LADIES' GAZETTE of FASHION, for NOV. Price One Shilling.—The only correct Winter Fashions— Double the numbergiven in any other work.— A. magnificent coloured Wan, Plate and other large Plates of Fashions.—...A '1 the Paris Fa slaioas.—The Royal Winter Dresses, 30 Walking Dresses, 20 Cloaks, 10 Children's Dresses, 60 Bonnets.—Evening Dresses, &c.—A fine Equestrian Picture of the Royal Family, geatis, Descriptions, &e Sent post free for 6d. extra. G. Berger, Holy - well-street, Strand ; and all Booksellers. On the Ist of November, uniform with Tallis's Imperial Histories of England and America. Part 111., price One Shilling; TAlso, a Second Editio n o f P ar t 1 ., of 6,000 copies; HE HISTORY of IRELAND, from the earliest period of the Irish Annals, to the Rebellion of 1846. By TYR/ALAS WRIGHT, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., &c., &c., Corresponding Member of the National Institute of France; Honorary Member of the Royal Society of Literature, &c. ; author of "England under the House of Hanover," " The Biographia Britannica Literaria," "Essays Illustrative of the Literature, History, and Superstition of England in the Middle Ages," and other works illustrative of Eng lish History. Each Part embellished with a beautiful Steel Engrav ing, chiefly from Original Drawings. By H. WARREN, Esq., Pre sident of the New Water Colour Society. London : J. and F. Tains, 100, St. Joha-street ; and all Booksellers. 4. CAMPAIGN IN THE KABYLIE. Just published, in post Bvo., price 10s. Gd. boards, NARRATIVE of a CAMPAIGN against the Kabiles of Algeria; witk the Mission of M. Suchet to the Emir Abd-el-Kader, for an exchange of Prisoners. Ity DAWSON BORRER, F.R.G.S., Membre Correspondent de la Societe Orientate a Paris. Author of "A Journey from Naples to Jerusalem." London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. POSTAGE STAMPS of TENPENCE. Stamps and Taxes, Somerset House, Oct. 30, 1843. Notice is hereby given, that en and after the 6th November next, ADHESIVE POSTAGE STAMPS of TENPENCE each may be procured by the public at the Office of the Registrar of Licences in this Department, and at the Sea Policy Office, at Bank-buildings, in the City of London. By order of the Board, THOMAS KEOGH, Assistant Secretary. IMPORTANT to HOTELKEEPERS and Others, desirous of embarking in a first-class Hotel. An opportunity now offers of entering upon one of the most famed HOTELS in Liverpool, having an elegant Coffee and Commercial room, Smoking-room, and nine Sitting-rooms, and capable of making up 45 to 50 beds. The farniture throughout is modern, and of the best manufacture. The Hotel, which is most convenient and desir ably situate, commands a profitable and still increasing business. For further particulars, apply to Mr. D. Hodgkins, 5, Queen square, Liverpool.—N.B. None but capitalists mei apply. DAVIES'S CANDLES, s d. and Gd. per lb. , W axe d-wick Moulds, 7d.; Composite, 8)4d., 10d., and 19% d;• W ax candles, Is.; German Wax, Is. 2d.; Fine Wax, ls. ' ; T rans parent Wax, Is. 9d. ; Best W ax, 2s . Id. ; Sperm Candles, 15.6 d. and Is. 7d. Metallic, 7%d. and 9d. ; Mottled Soap, 605. and 645. per 112Ibs. ; Yellow, 485., 545., and 60s. ; Windier Soap, Is. 4d. per packet ; Brows Windsor, la. 9d. ; Rose, 25.; Almond, 25. 6d. ; Seing Wax, 45. 6d. per lb.o ll , 7. 6d. per 3s. al 3d., Seal, 4s. • Argand, or Vpegetable, 45 s . 6d. gallon ; Solar, For Cash—At 'DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse, 63, St. Martin's-lane. Export or Grocers' and Oil-shop Goods at lower prices. VYEBROWS, MOUSTACHIOS, and WHIS ICERS produced in a few weeks, and Baldness removed and prevented by the use of GRIMSTONE'S AROMATIC REGENE, ItATOR, an essential spirit, drawn from aromatic herbs and flowers a few drops of which cure headache in a few minutes ; it is also a mast delightful, fragrant toilet perfume. Sold only in triangular bottles, protected by the Government stamp, at 4s. ; double the size, 7s. ; and double this size, Ils. each ; enclosed in a Pamphlet, con aining testimonials of undoubted authority, entitled " Three Minutes' Advice ma the Growth and Preservation of the Human Hair, &c." ay post, 4s. 6d., Is. 8d„ and 125., for money orders evir. Bed wholesale only at Grirastone's Herbary, Highgate, near London; and by Messrs. Barclay and Son, Farringdon-street; Sanger, Oxford-street; Messrs. Butler and Co.,Cheapside Fisher and Toiler, Conduit-street ; Mr. Johnston, medicine warehouse, 68, Cornhill • and by all Chemists, Perfumers, and others For Edinburgh, J. and R. Raimes, Leith-walk; for Manchester, ereseho and son, Adyerl User-office. TO TDB LADIES. This lady had the following letter inserted in the " TiraeS" news_ paper on Aug. 7, 1546. Reader, remember, this letter was put into the paper by the lady herself, as a testimony to me. " Mrs. 'Weekley, of No. 3. Swan-street, Borough, takes this oppor- Malty of publicly thanking Mr. W. Grimstone, of the Herbary, Bigh rate for the efficacy of his Aromatic Regenerator, in having com pletely restored the hair on her head, after using it about four months, and the whole of her hair's much stronger and more luxuriant than raver was before the baldness appeared. " Mrs. Weekley inserts this testimony tortho virtues of Mr. G.'s Regenator, feeling assured that many ladies would gladly purchase an 115. bottle if they were as certain of its virtues as she is, from ex perience, not only in the restoration and production of hair in abund %rice, but as a cure of nervous headache ;as a toilet perfume iti far beyond any to her taste. She will feel a pleasure ix answering any lady of respectability to the above fact..-3, Swan-street, Borough." In eases of the hair becoming thin, weak, or turning grey, afe w drops en the crown of the head occasionally, every week, will pre vent the hair from coming away with the comb, make it strong, and Prevent it turning grey, rendering the hair luxuriant and curly. A few drops on your hairbrush before brushing the hair, will give the hair brilliancy, causing it to curl. The most delicate ladies may use this delightful product of the most aromatic herbs and flowers with confidence ; its refreshing odour removes headache and makes it a most necessary companion to the toilet. In cases of nevous headache, pour tea or twelve drops on the crown of the head; if very bad, repeat it every quarter of an hour. In most cases relief is certain in ten minutes. It produces hair on children's heads in a few appplications. If used on infants' heads, it has such a peculiar cooling influence on the brain as to pre vent convulsions, as well as promoting the growth of hair.--See oanaphlet of testimonials. All lettere addressed to William Grimstene, fferbarv, Hixbgato. -------- ON NERVOUS DEMLITY AND GENERATIVE DISEASES. Jest published, the Thirty-sixth Thousand, an improved edition, re vised and corrected, 120 pages, price 2s. in a sealed envelope, or forwarded by the Authors, post paid, to any address, secure from observation, for 2s. 6d., in postage stamps, illustrated with nu merous Anatomical Coloured Engravings. M ANHOOD: the CAUSES of its PREMA TURE DECLINE, with Plain Directions for its PERFECT RESTORATION. A Medical Essay on these Diseases of the Generative Organs, emanating from Solitary and Sedentary Habits, indiscriminate Ex cesses, the Effects of Climate and Infection, &c., addressed to the sufferer in Youth, Manheod, and Old Age; with P rac ti ca l R emarks en Marriage, the Treatment and Cure of Nervous and Mental De bility, Impotency, Syphilis, and other Urine-Genital Diseases, by which even the most shattered constitution may be restored, and reach the full period of life allotted to Man. The whole illustrated with numerous Anatomical Engravings on Steel, in colour, explain ing the various tunctions, secretions, and structures of the repro ductive Organs in health and disease ; with instructions for private correspondence, cases, &c. By J. L. CURTIS and CO., Consulting Surgeons, 7 Frith-street, Soho-square, London " Manhood.' A Medical Work.—To the gay and . thought less we trust this little work will serve as a beacon to warn them of the danger attendant upon the too rash indulgence of their passions, whilst to some it may serve as a monitor in the hour of tempta tion, and to the afflicted as a sure guide to health."—Chronicle. " Manhood.' By J. L. Curtis, and Co.—Their long experience and reputation in the treatment of these painful diseases is the patient's guarantee, and well deserves for the work its immense cir culation."—Era. " Curtis on Manhood' should be in the hands of youth and old age. It is a medical publication, ably written, and developes the treatment of a class of painful maladies which has too long been the prey of the illiterate and the deslgning." United Service Gazette. The Parent, who beholds his beloved child pining away, and fast approaching to a premature grave, in consequence of some disease, which, for want of earethl investigation of its real cause, has been set down to the score of consumption, will, en perusing this work, be astonished to find, that in nine -tenths of the cases of young per sons of both sexes, who perish o f what is called pulmonary con sumption,esice in dis ease,tabes, &c., th e sole and exclusive origin has certain destructive h a bi ts practised by youth beenthein h d e ul art g much more frequently than it is at all suspected. N.B. Hears of consultation front Eleven till Two, And Six to Eight In the Evening. OCTOBER 31, 1848. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. CLIRONICLE.—The London and North-Western Company have corrected, by the letter which we in serted yesterday, an erratum in their financial state ment, as originally published. According., to the amended summary, there will b e r e qu i re d, in order to afford a dividend, upon their entire share capital, of seven per cent., an advance of 7,5691., instead of 6,4241. per week beyond the average return of the last half-year. It is well that the mistake has been set right, and that the correction has emanated from Euston- square; instead of affording a seeming triumph to parties whoseingenuity must now be on the stretch to pick holes in the company's etatement;ancl to vin dicate their unscrupulous aspersions on railway pro perty. As to the effect of the variance, it can hardly be supposed to influence, in any appreciable degree, the judgment which we pronounced on Saturday with respect to the fundamental soundness of this company's affairs. The views which we then expressed we still deliberately adhere to. It would be taking a dismal 'view, not of railway interests merely, but of the commercial prospects and social advanepinent of this country, to anticipate, in four years from the present time, the traffic of that great arterial communication, ,which will then connect the metropolis with the most productive districts of the north of England, with the Irish capital, and ,with the central and northern parts of Scotland—which will be strengthened by outworks that are now felt only as burdens, and replenished froth channels which for the present operate as drains--should fail to realiw that moderate per centageiof ge'rease Which the esti mate of the directors has assumed. •We say nothing of the causes which now operate . a . gainst all the material intere s t s o f th e c o u n try, and which every one who has faith in the vitality of our trade and industry must regard as transient: We are willing to take the average returns of the past half-year not as an exceptional, but as a fair standard of income, and upon this datum to rest our judgment, that, if an increased traffic of goods and passengers to the amount of 15 per cent. upon 500 of the best miles of railway in the kingdom shall not be realised by the year 1852, it will betoken a decline of wealth, and a reflux of prosperity, which must at least be equally fatal to all other enterprises of com merce and investments of capital. For it is quite obvious, upon a moment's reflection, that it is in correct to regard the railways in the same light as any substantive branch of trade or business, liable to the changes and chances which may affect it indi vidually, and apart from others. The p rosper it y of the railways, in a country like ours, is bound up with every species of transactions ; it must partake in every kind of enterprise and movement, and is involved in every application of capital. The receipts will always afford a most accurate barometer of the activity and progress of the nation. They will march par/ passu with the public revenue ; between Downing-street and Euston-square there will be a common sympathy; between shareholder and fundhelder a correspondent interest ; and therefore the dismal visions that have been indulged in as to the total wreck and downfal of railways, are consistent only in those who contem plate the subsidence, in the same "slough of despond," of our public credit and our commercial pre-eminence. Whence, then, we may ask, has originated that cala mitous want of confidence to which the Manifesto we are now considering has supplied so timely a corrective ? What have been the grounds of that un governable panic which has lately exploded in the second railway mania—the natural, and, by sober minds, the not unexpected re-action of the furor of 1845 ? False reports, erroneous calculations, and that most dan gerous of all instruments, misapplied statistics, have proved, we fear, the ruin of great numbers, and have aggravated, in no small degree, the other depressing influences of the time. Upon two points especially misapprehensions of the wildest nature have prevailed —forming the basis of reasonings which have terrified the public, and of calculations which have paralysed the share market. It was but a week ago that the conductor of one of the ablest publications of the day, one which is professedly statistical, and devoted to economical subjects, founded an elaborate and most alarming argument upon that statement, assumed by him to be correct, that a sum of one hundred and thirty millions still remained to be called up to com plete the works sanctioned by Parliament. Yet a summary has been prepared, and was published iss our own columns a few days later, which showed that, instead of one hundred and thirty millions, the total amount remaining to be called up on existing shares, including abandoned schemes, was less than sixty-seven, while, deducting the de funct and discarded projects, all of which were speci fied by name, the amount was reduced to about forty millions. We believe that this estimate, in fact, rather exceeds the truth. The accounts of the North- Western have shown, that if the total capital of that company is called up, about seven millions more will be required from the proprietors, which, however, will pay off a large portion of the existing debentures, and thus really take from the market only about 5i millions more. And this, be it remembered, repre sents not only the capital authorised to be raised for the North-Western line itself, but part of that of the Buckinghamshire, the Caledonian, the Shropshire Union, and several other subsidi ary lines to which the trunk line is a subscriber. Yet capital which stands in this predicament has been reckoned, in the recent calculations, twice over; once to the account of the parent line, and once again to the subsidiary. In like manner, the aggregate amount of share capital and loan capital, authorised by Parliament, have been lumped together, without regard to the fact that as one is increased the other will be reduced. By such processes millions have been multiplied and sta tistics rendered deceptive. Again,we have had, within a recent peri o d, an authorised publication of the capital account of the Brighton Company. Now, what proportion of the imaginary 130 millions does the uncalled capital of this important We find that the tot a l amount of share capital which, after the Ist of Jan uary, 1849, the directors will be empowered to call, is less than 10 0,000/.—the rest will have been all paid up. The completion of their whole works is estimated to requireh;ol h only 245,0001. w These two instances, then, i n e a o y m e e ac w c o ura y t t o e and verified accounts to re f er to, show what monstrous ex aggerations of fact have been conjured up to terrify the public mind upon one of the two points to which we have referred, viz., the amount of uncalled capital required for lines actually in progress or in present contemplation. The other point upon which misrepresentation has been equally rife relates to the liabilities of the great companies in respect of their subscrip tions and guarantees. We will not disguise our belief, that a detailed exposé of the affairs of all the lines would disclose some improvident bargains, for which the only apology is to be found in the eager ness of competition, or the sanguine spirit of the time at which they were made. Let these sins be visited on those to whom they belong. Let the come panies that have incurred such embarrassing obliga tions bear their own burdens. But let not the discredit of some isolated transactions of this kind taint the whole atmosphere of the Share Market, and endanger the stability of property to which After the no such drawbacks have ever attached . declamations which have g one forth, the Sched u l e of the North-Western Company, No. 3, must, we think, have surprised as much as it ha& satisfied the public. The contributions of capital by the main trunk to other lines, with all of which i it had natural affinities, even if those lines sho u ld yield from their own traffic no more than he modest estimate of 31 per cent., scarcely requires except e d to, nd an apology. Neither can the rate of the guarantees, generally speaking, be deemed above be ve the mark, and even if, in some cases, they should let any man cast up the figures, and c om pu t e the anus of the liability, as it affects the value of the shares, to a company whose total capital will be re presented by 27,000,0001. In making these remarks, we have been actuated by no de s ire to ministe r t o the advantage of any class or body of men, nor do we wish to stimulate that reaction which will not be permanent unless it is sober and moderate. But as it is our deep conviction that the undue depreciation of these investments, to which fraud and ignorance have alike contributed, has pressed with cruel seve rity not upon mere speculators, for whom we should care nothing, but upon the frugal, the industrious, and the provident part of the community, an d also that it has affected, and is still affecting, with a cor responding depression, the commercial and fi nanc i al interests of the country, the evil assumes in our view, the character of a public grievance, and we have felt it our duty to do what in us lies to remove a perni cious delusion, and to bring back the public mind to a just and rational estimate of the value and prospects of railway property. TIMES.—The question of the election to the Pre sidency of the French Republic already s urpasses in interest every other political topic in France, and the approaching shadows of the candidates for this supreme office have rapidly overtopped the Mountain and the Plain. If, as may for the present be assumed, the contest lies between Louis Napoleon and General Cavaignac, never were two rivals more strongly con trasted ; the one confines his pretensions to the visionary influence of a name, and seeks to revive in a Republic an hereditary right o usurpation and tyranny; the other rests his claims on practical ser- vices, on personal integrity of the highest order,.and on those qualities of prudence and resolution which have procured a short breathing time of tranquillity to France. These opposite qualifications may, how ever, be summed up in one consideration which pro bably outweighs them altogether. General Cavaignac offers to the French people the best means of consoli dating, or at least prolonging the republican form of government ; Louis Napoleon is in reality a transition to something else. A patriotic confidence in the power and duration of the Republic could hardly hesitate to name Cavaignac ; an eager desire to exchange it for some other form of personal sovereignty may even tolerate a Louis Bonaparte. The election of ' the nephew of the Emperor is not so much a vote of confidence in him as a popular vote of censure on the men who have been acting for months :in the name of the people ; and, as one of the French journals has observed, a parody of the Consulate may not unaptly follow a parody of the revolution. The vote of Friday last, which fixed the 10th of De cember for the day of election, occasioned great surprise not only in Paris but in the Assembly. It was well known that the leading Parliamentary Clubs had come to a resolution on the previous evening to support the adjournment of the election, under the impression that this delay would prolong the power and strengthen the influence of Cavaignac, whilst any accident might dissipate the preBtige of his principal competitor. But, to the astonish ment of the House and of his own supporters, General Cavaignac himself insisted with the greatest resolution and au th or ity on a more prompt election. His ostensible motive was the danger of a more protracted suspense to the interests of the Republic ; but the real cause of this determination is said to be a decided opinion, in which M. Dufaure, the Minister of the Interior, also participates, that the sooner the election takes place the better it will be for General Cavaignac's prospect of success. He therefore acted as if this delay were adverse, not favourable, to him; and as the wish and intention of the majority of the Assembly was to promote his election, they naturally gave him credit for knowing his own inte rests better than the public did, and they accordingly voted for the earlier day. According to the terms of the Constitution, it is necessary that the President should be elected by not less than two million votes— failing this number, the choice devolves on the Na tional Assembly. The adversaries of Louis Napoleon have little hope of placing any name above his on the poll; but they flatter themselves that the votes may be so divided that no one will have the required number of votes, and that the election will consequently be made by the Assembly. In :that case we should have the singular spectacle of the Assembly chosen by universal suffrage six months ago vigorously op posed to the prevailing choice of that same universal constituency at the present moment. In the Assembly Louis Bonaparte would probably not obtain thirty votes for the Presidency; in the country he may have millions. Amonst the principal organs of the Pari sian press the Bonapartes had hitherto met with no support, but within the last few days an important change has taken place in this respect. La Presse has openly hoisted the colours of the Pretender of Boulogne, and M. de Girardin's unsparing hostility to Cavaignac assigns to him an appropriate place in a cabal of malignant antipathies and disappointed ambition. The course adopted by the organ of M. Thiers is less explicit, for no open rupture has taken place between that politician and the present Ministry, and though the breach is daily widening between him and those in power, he is not yet pre pared to p ace his abilities and influence at the ser vice of a l ioubtful speculation. The opposition of the extreme Republicans to the Bonapartes is open ind violent. Prince Louis has failed, if indeed he has attempted, to conciliate them, and he is doubtless aware that the first claim to the suffrages of the French nation is a positive resistance to the doctrines and designs of that party. If any portion of the re volutionary associations give him their votes, it will be from the notion that his power over them will be lass formidable than that of Cavaignac. So too, as a matter of policy, the Royalists, having no candidate of their own, may vote for Louis Bonaparte as a step to the downfal of another impracticable Government. It might to matter of endless speculation to trace the innumerable motives by which these drops of popular sovereignty are collected into larger rills and channels until they are all united in what has some times been called the majestic stream of popular power. But it may be said of them all that they origi nate in a delusion and end in a lie. These votes, about to be distributed by the most frivolous miscon ceptions, or lavished on imaginary qualities, are all parts of that great fiction which suddenly thrust on Prance a form of government which few desired, and fewer still believe in. Can it hereafter be related of that keen and sagacious people, that after having aspired to frame a commonwealth worthy to be ranked with those of Pericles and Washington, the French Republic fell to the level of Louis Bonaparte? ['hat to vest an undeser ve d p ower in those contempt ible hands France has been ruined, Europe dis tracted, and the barriers of civilization and peace wellnigh broken up ? " These be thy gods, 0 Israel ;" and there is no idolatry so base and de grading that it may not obtain a superstitious hold on a people which has abandoned its es tablished principles and lost its faith. We still hope, however, for the honour of France, and for the welfare of a Government which offers, under the direction of its present Ministers, some guarantees for the tranquillity of the world, that this mania will turn out to be as shortlived as it is base less, and that a man of General Cavaignac's stamp and eminence will not have lived only to become another memorable example of the ignorance and in gratitude of Democratic States. From the enormous magnitude of the constituency, it is impossible to form any accurate prognostication of the result, and the future condition of the French people aud a large portion of Europe might as well depend on the dice box as the ballot-box, but the Government will em ploy all its influence to support Cavaignac, the reports from the provinces are less unfavourable than they were supposed to be, and the minor candidates who are likely to appear will tend rather to diminish the votes given to his own principal antagonist than to subtract from his own. DEPARTURES OF THE FOREIGN MAILS FOR NOVEMBER. The following notice was issued yesterday at the datesr rouehs during uic -o nrhgi fi :11 the cpteekSt foreign eet. ensuing luvaiirni mailsti Martin's-le-Grand, ' e s m - d l o e lun% -G e, tilhal t a b n bae, d n ,0 d made giving up the in wren d° t ll he uth ti a l m e p d t a o t n es , Liverpool, and Falmouth : WEST INDIES, &c.—The mails for the British and Foreign Colonies in the West Indies (except Honduras, Nassau, Bermuda, and the Havana), Venezuela, and Jactnel, o n th e morn i ngs of the 2d and 17th. New Orleans, Mexico, Honduras, and Havana, on the morning of the 2d only. Madeira, San Juan de Nicaragua, New Grenada, Chilli, and Peru, on the morning of the 17th only. The mails of the morning of the 2d will be conveyed by the Teviot steamer from Southampton. Next packets due on the 7th and 22d at Southampton. 13nTresit NORTH AMERICA, &C.—The mails for British North America and the United States will be made up on the evening of the 3d, to be forwarded by the Acadia steamer, via Liverpool, Halifax, and Bos ton; on the evening of the 10th by the Cambria steamer to New York; on the evening of the 17th, by the Britannia steamer to Boston; and on the evening of the 24th from Liverpool to New York, by the Niagara steamer. Next packets due—The Cam bria, on the Ist November (to-morrow) • on the 9th by the Britannia; on the 17th by the Niagara ; and on the 25th by the Europa steamer, at Liverpool MADEIRA, &C.—The mails of the evening of the 4th, for Madeira, Brazil, and Buenos Ayres, by her, Majesty's brig Peterel,from Falmouth.:Next packet due, her Majesty's steamer Express, on the 24th at Falmouth. INDIA, &c.—The mails from the Mediterranean, Malta, Egypt, Men, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China on the evenings of the 7th and 24th, to be forwarded by the fortnightly inland closed mails ',it/ Marseilles; due 24 and 22d. Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, India, &c., on the morning of the 20th by steam-packet from Southamp ton • due the 28th. PENINSULA, &c.—The mails for Vigo, Oporto, Lis ton, Madeira via Lisbon, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, on the mornings of the 7th, 17th, and 27th, by steam packets from Southampton. Next packets due on the ith, 16th, and 25th, at Southampton. The mails for Sydney, New South Wales, Aus tralia, Van Diemen 's Land, and New Zealand, will lie made up this evening, the 31st instant, to be for -warded by the Columbus, via Gravesend. M a il s for :Madeira, St. Nicholas (Cape de Vo i d s ), Si erra Leone, and the Island of Ascension, will also be made up this evening, to be forwarded by her Majesty's :sloop KingfiBher. Tun UNION Baia.—The general business of the :North and South Shield branches of the Union Bank was !resumed on Monday last, and arrangements Are made for carrying out a similar proceeding at the branch at :Berwick-upon-Tweed, on Saturday, the 4th of Novem ber next. These measures have afforded much satisfac tion to the shareholders arid the public at large, and already the result at North 'and South Shields has ex .ceeded the expectations of the directors. —Newcastle Journal. ASHFORD MECHANIC S' INSTI. TETE. (From the Kentish Observer.) The introductory lecture for the season was de livered on Wednesday evening- by the Rev. J. Dufton, rector of Warehnrne. The meeting was highly re spectable, and more numerous than could have been expected from the state of the evening, the rain pour ing down in torrents. Among those in the room we noticed the Revs. T. Alcock, J. Pugh, and T. Clark ; H. Whitfield, Esq., T. Thurston, Esq., &c, &c. From the deep solicitude, as we have shown on various occasions, that the Rev. Gentleman takes in the subject of educating the people, greater interest than ordinary was felt at this meeting, and his dis course was listened to with eager attention. It is not often that we can venture upon commendation of lectures delivered before mechanics' institutes. But of this, we think we may express a warm approval. The bearings of such societies on the varied branches of knowledge, were traced in a most clear and explicit form ; and the tone of the lecture was that truly of the enlightened liberal Christian, the fervid philan thropist, and e l oquent, forcible, and captivating public minister and teacher. The Rev. Lecturer commenced with some remarks on the needfulness, policy, and beneficial tendency of such an institution as this, which provides facilities for intellectual re creation, self - improvement, and the diffusion of scientific, literary and general knowledge—observing that - -. " The diffusion of useful knowledge generally, without specification of any particular sort or system of informa tion, is of itself sufficiently important to justify a com bination of efforts for the sake of its more effective ac complishment. None seem more likely to admit the truth of this observation than they who have most closely observed the different degrees of civilization among dif ferent tribes of this world's population. In the intellec tual as well as in the civil history, of nations, it is observable that there are periods of advancement and retrogression. Ono nation, which in one ag e extorted the undivided homa ge o f the world for its superior posi tion in the scale of civilization and refinement, is found, at a subsequent epoch, destitute of all claims to its for mer right of priority; whilst others whom, in its period of intellectual glory, it designated and treated as bar barians, have gained in the world's eye every title to that meed of intellectual homage which, in the course of time and under the influence of circumstances, had been altogether lost through a nation's degeneracy. So vast, indeed, are the differences unequivocally resulting from different degrees of mental culture, that on the negative side of the question are to be found names of the very first rank among philosophical thinkers. Without, how ever, embracing an opinion sanctioned by a name so il lustrious as Sir William Jones, who was justly styled by the celebrated Dr. Johnson,' the most enlightened of men,' we may feel on sure ground in advocating the vast importance of educating, to the highest possible point, all ranks of the human race." The lecturer then descanted on the more specific objects of the institution :in affording to those prac tising the mechanical arts facilities for acquiring a knowledge of the principles on which their practical operations were foundded, and by which they ought always to be regulated : " It is to provide adequate means, and to present suffi cient inducements, for leading them to an acquaintance with science as well as well as with art. It is to furnish them with opportunities of acquiring a knowledge of the theory at the time they are busy with the every-day practice of their various occupations. "In stating the immediate object of the institution in these terms, it will be seen that the superiority of theo retical knowledge over practical is implied. But as this is an assumption which many well-meaning but ill-in formed minds may not be inclined, all at once, to allow, it is of co nsequence to set the institution right , with a portion of the public on this head. " Nothing is more common.than to hear from the lips of seemingly sensible men, the announcement that some certain proposition ' may be right in theory, but is un doubtedly wrong in practice.' Theory can be opposed to practice only by those whose interests are, somehow or other, involved in the opposition, or by those who use the term in ignorance of its appropriate meaning. The relation which exists between theory and practice is not that of opposition or contrast at all. It is a relation of comparison. The term theory, applied to that which is not altogether practical, is a misnomer: and they who use the word otherwise than as meaning it to describe the best possible practice, use it unphilosophically, and in so using it aro chargeable with ignorance or inconsis tency. The material distinction between the meaning of the terms theory and practice is, that practice describes a set of operations or experiments not necessarily methodised: theory is the name under which any class of philosophically arranged experiments may be comprehended. Practice indicates a certain method of acting, in relation to which the corresponding theory points out the most excellent way. And hence to work theoretically is to act in obedience to a conception which cannot be otherwise than correct—inasmuch as the very conception is the true model of the work to be done. The perfection of practice, it will be thus readily allowed, is merely to do equally well what is held up as having been done before. Beyond the degree of imita tion necessary to accomplish this, practice properly so called cannot go. All beyond this is the result of theory ; so that the . practical man himself, if he har bour the slightest desire of improvement in the conduct of any of his operations, must theorise, -however uncon scious ho may be of the process of thought implied. The value of theoretical kuowledge may be thus consi dered as co -extensive with that of the desire of improve ment. The wish to be continually placed in circum stances which shall be, in some respect or other, more favourable than those already experienced, is one of those primary feelings which go to form the mental constitution of man. It 4 grows with our growth, and strengthens with our strength.' It comes with us from the cradle, and leaves us not till we h ave sunk into the grave. Now, to the gratification of this feeling in the breast of the mechanic, the acqui s iti on o f t h eoret i cal knowledge directly conduces. This is the immediate and obvious advantage. He has only to court its ac quisition, and the magnitude of the advantage will be in proportion to the variety, amount, and quality, of the knowledge consequently acquired. He becomes distin guished for greater ability and skill than his fellow operatives, and, consequently, soon shoots ahead of them in the career of comfort and independence. He is strengthened in following up that sleepless prin ciple of his nature which is at the foundation of all progress in social as well as individual enjoyment, and is rendered a better and more dignified being than before." The Rev. Gentleman then showed most forcibly that not the mechanics themselves but the community at large are benefited by the spread of theoretical in alliance with practical knowledge; and the great im portance of the workman, no less than the master, being thoroughly imbued with the science of their various occupations. Having illustrated the evils arising from the reverse--the prejudice of ignorance —the advance made in the past half century by the breaking down of that prejudice, chiefly through the operation of Mechanics' Institutes, and the value thus given to the general cultivation of literature and of taste in the arts, he said :-- "Most powerful is the sway exercised by those mighty agents over the morals of the community. It has been felt among England's merchants, her tradesmen, and her mechanics. Theirs is the potent mastery : ' O'er the mind's sea in calm and storm, O'er the heart's sunshine and its showers, O'er passion's moments, bright and warm, O'er reason's dark, cold hours.' Whether or no you choose to belong to it, they will form a public for themselves, and they will influence and govern it. Of that public your friends and neigh bours, your wives and sisters, and children, - will be a I part. This influence is everywhere. It pervades the myriads of books which the pr o lifi c press pours forth— the daily sheet, the light periodical, the popular exhi bition, the ornaments of our h ouses, the conversation of our firesides. Having shown how general knowledge makes man more respectable, more useful, and more happy, and that it cannot fail, unless in minds singularly ill constituted, to produce that national humility, so finely called by Burke " the deep and broad founda tion of every virtue," the lecturer observed, as to the effects of a sound and pure literature— " Thus it is with a sound, an undefiled, and wholesome literature. Of a literature thus guarded, thus directed, and thus purified, how excellent, how elevating the in fluence. Not by barren precept, but by example—by illustration, by constant association with the purest sources of pleasure, it teaches the ' noblest morals of the heart;' for in directing the mind to whatever is wise. just, pure, or lovely, it exalts and unsensualises the thoughts. It emancipates the soul from the bondage of the world, lifting it above the desires, the cares, the meanness, and the follies of the present, and teaching it to reach after, and, in part, to know and feel the power and the joy of its future and better being." Next as to the acquisition of varied knowledge— " The acquisition of varied, though it be not profound knowledge, is precisely the most efficient mode of pre senting to the ardent and stirring mind of the artisan and naechanic, the subject best. 6 teed to its pow ers and tastes. There it is that natural talent, feels its strength. The attention is roused, the curitg‘qvividlY excited, the fa culties sharp e n e d: Tli;S"du'fies of life need not be ne glected, for that would be. unworthy a mind capable of such energies. It tries its strength in solitude and si lence, but society, perhaps the civilized world, at last gathers the fruits of its efforts " He pointed out Franklin, Watt, Arkw r i g ht , Cart wright, Davy, Herschell, and Hunter, as having given proof of this, remarking that there was scarcely a single science among those to be explained by the lec turers who were.to succeed him that would not fur nishsome strikingexample of the fact. The Rev. Gentleman then referred to the oppor tunities afforded in our own times, in all or most branches of science, for the acquisition of knowledge, by. those who wouli devote their spare hours to the purpose. . , . A. 'he asked) - ItVi*df,i/bo'." .cial-;-nan s ; - 4*sfe s- • . obtained a o ii4en to your NI ti c ie l svi a k.)* {N.l The prophet d prayer, the glad diviner's theme, The old man's vision and the young man's dream.' Must not such knowledge give new interest to all that we see about us ? Must it not fill the soul, with kindling , and ennobling thoughts? Must it not give juster conceptions of the wisdom arid benevolence of the Creator, of the powers, the duties,. the destinies of man? Independently, however, of this most consoling in ference, the delight is inexpressible of being able to follow, as it were, with our ey es , t h e marvellous works of the great Architect of Nature —to trace the unbounded power and exquisite skill which are exhibited in tho most minute, as well as the mightiest parts of his system. "If from natural and chemical wo turn to moral phi losophy, the same parallel holds good. Here he will be directed to seek light from those who have kindled tha torch of science at a consecrated flame ; writers who, like Fenelon, and Addison, and Johnson, have given ardour to firtue, and confidence to truth;' or who, like Paschal, Paley, or Butler, have made logic and meta physics the handmaids of sober piety. " Of history, literature, poetry, the belles lettres, the elegant arts, of all that by example unfolds the mys teries of the heart, of all those fair illusions which spread their charms over life, and soothe its pains or anguish, how ample is the treasure contained in any well-selected library of original and translated authors." After enforcing the necessity of a well-selected li brary being at the disposal or use of the members— containing nothing of an ephemeral or trashy nature— and other matters, such as apparatus and models for the illustration of lectures, the lecturer proceeded to re ply to the objections which have been urged against Mechanics' Institutes, which he remarked might be arranged under three designations—the religioui, the political, and the exclusive. The religious objection : " The religious objection is taken by many pious and well-meaning persons and applies not to the establish ment of Mechanics' Institutions alone, but the free pro secution of physical truth in general. The idea enter , tained by this class of objectors is, that somehow or other the study of natural phenomena, involving the reference of all observed appearances to certain established 'laws, . tends to unfit the mind for placing confidence in the administration of God, and leads •to doubt and disbelief with regard to the solidity of the foundation upon which th e p ecu li ar doctrini• s of revealed religion rests. Objections of this nature are ill-calculated to render service to the cause which they are meant to protect. The object of science is, by pa tiently watching the phenomena, and experimenting on the processes of nature, to discover the fiiws which re gulate the system of created things. Scientific research is a humble and admiring effort to discover some hitherto unexplored department of the Almighty's workmanship; and, in its . most perfect success, adds rational grounds for raising in the reflecting mind a higher tone of ad miration of the wisdom and omnipotence of God. It has been most' beautifully observed by a celebrated living theologian, that, 'However little it may have been re flected upon, it is not the less true that there obtains a very close affinity between a taste for science and a-taste for sacredness. They are, both of them, refined abstrac tions from the grossness of the familiar and ordinary world; and the mind which relishes either has achieved a certain victory of the spiritual or intellectual over the animal part of our nature. The two resemble in • this, that they make a man a more reflective and a less sen sual being than before, and altogether impress a higher cast of respectability on all his habits and on all his ways." Political inexpediency : " When the people are led to turn their attentiop to the acquisition of knowledge, it is said they become dis• contented with • their condition in life, aspire after the possession of higher political privileges than they are entitled to, and, upon all occasions of political emer gency, are ripe for revolt, and ready to swell the ranks of anarchy and rebellion. They get the notion that they have as good a right as their superiors to the pos session of landed property and political influence, and are, therefore, disposed to invade the right of property, and sins at the subversion of legal and constitutional authority. These are certainly very serious charges. But what is that which constitutes order and constitu tional right, and law, and sanctity? Are all, or any of these the offspring of low and vulgar feelings, or are they based on ignorance? Is the order of well-regulated society the establishment of chance, or is it not the result of experience and knowledge? Has constitutional right grown out of deep study and progressive acquaintance with the multiform relations of society, or is it to be found in its most perfect form, and is It held in the highest estimation, in circumstances where no such study has been applied, and where the relationships of society are in their simplest and rudest state? Is law, in the philosophical sense of the term, the product of thought, and intelligence, and extensive knowledge, or does it owe its perfection to inexperience, and are its benefits best appreciated by the vulgar and uneducated? These are questions which will be answered unhesitatingly by all, and they tend to bring into view the fact that just in proportion as mankind advance in knowledge, intelli gence, and virtue, will social order and constitutional .right be respected, and law maintain its influence invio late, and the sanctions of religion be held sacred?" The exclusive : " The exclusive objectors to the wide dissemination of knowledge among the working classes are, for the mo s t part, men of h a bit, b u t not of reflection. - Men of this exclusive class, or cast of mind, rest their objections against the enlightenment of the labouring classes on the ground that the spread of knowledge, and the culti vation of taste among the people, have a direct tendency to render them averse to the drudgery to which their condition in life necessarily dooms them—that hence labour, on their part, is performed grudgingly, the proper deference due to rank and station is nut paid, discontent and a disposition to change characterise the conduct of the labouring population, and disorder and disorganization are th us introduced' into the frame of general society. In all such objections are contained indications of fear, which has no foundation in reason or fact. In the first place, as to the facts of the case. Where do we find labour performed with the greatest sedulousness, and the most intense devotion, bat in those cases of intellectual endowments where the • pur suit of knowledge is a passion, and the culture of the understanding the business of life? And where do we find indolence and aversion to stand labour most prevalent, but in the lowest ranks of society, under circumstances where no higher aim influences the indi vidual than the gratification of the cravings and lower appetites of our animal nature? And between these ex tremes, although exceptions are not wanting towards either, the greater efficiency of labour may be getierally judged of from the degree of progress made by the labourer in the acquisition of knowledge, and the cul ture of the understanding. Everywhere does it meet the eye, that mon of education far outstrip, in assiduity and devotion to the performance of their appropriate duties, the uneducated labourer, who plies with ordinary diligence the every-day round of his stated occupation? Indeed, the. fact of the superior assiduity and correct ness of the skilful over the unlearned labourer—not withstanding that individual cases to the contrary may readily be specified—is tacitly admitted in the ordinary intercourse of life. The man who seeks to employ labourers in the accomplishment of any given work would be universally regarded as acting in opposition to the dictates of common sense, were he, instead of in telligent and well-informed workmen, when such were in his power, to make his selection among the ignorant or unskilful." The fears of a disposition to change, and of the consequent disorganization to society, created by the spread of knowledge, the lecturer urged to be chime rical and foolish, admitting that the spread of know ledge tends to quicken the exertions and rouse the ambition of the people, but only to perform their duties better; and that it should - only induce the superior in abilities to make a better use of his own advantages, by placing himself beyond the chance of being overtaken ; and " thus would the whole range of society be raised to a more elevated platform, each class maintaining, as before, its appropriate grade of distinction, whil s t i n di v id uals, according totheir deserts, ascended or d escen d e d freely through the varied degrees of the scale : yet society, as a whole, occupying a higher range in the upward pathway of intellectual being." [ADVERTISEMENT.]—John Kaye, Esq., of Dalton hall, near Huddersfield, in attending himself to the preparation of that celebrated medicine, known as liaye's Worsdell's Vegetable Restorative Pills, does so for the purpose of securing to the public a medicine which has wrought more astonishing cures, and conferred a greater amount of benefit, than any other extant. This is demonstrated by the thou sands of testimonials which have been received from all parts of the kingdom. If you are suffering from bilious attacks, a dose or two will effectually relieve you. Do you complain of indigestion? these Pills will strengthen your digestive organs, so that they may perform their functions with ease and comfort. Is your countenance freckled, pimpled, or sallow? Kaye's Worsdell's Pills will speedily and safely remove these, as their peculiar office is to purify the blood, and, consequently, to carry off those obstructions to a healthy flow which are the cause of -cutaneous eruptions. Observe: —None are genuine unless Mr. Kaye's coat of arms, and a fac-similo of his signature, are found on the directions for use wrapped round each box. Price Is. lid., 2s. 9d., and 4s. 6d. per box. Sold by all respectable Chemists and Medicine Venders. DAVIS' STRAITS WHALERS.—SIR JAMES Ross.— A correspondent in Stromness informs us that on Satur day evening the ships Lord Gambier, of Hull, with sev, n fish, and the Pacific, of Aberdeen, with three fish, anchored in Stromuess harbour, where they are still de tained by contrary wind.. 'We learn that the greater number of whalers at Davis's Straits were for some weeks icebound, end that the crews had little hope of escaping shipwreck, or of spending a dreary and desolate winter in the froz .n regions. Many of the seamen, under this impression, left their ships, and crossed the ice to the shore, and during three nights were subjected to great privations, owing to a severe gale of wind which arose, accompanied with snow, which swept their clothes into the sea; but happily, whil e the storm deprived them of tha greater part of their clothing, it broke up the ice, and allowed the vessels to go free, which they were enabled to reach with no loss of life. Mr. Hill, of the Lord Gambier, saw Sir James Ross on the 25th July, at the Thumb, Davis' Straits, where the Gallant Captain and his crew were in health, and in good spirits, ardently pursuing their benevolent enterprise to discover Sir John Franklin. The whalers left the ice on the Ist of October. Witness. The latest accounts from Monte Video do ac e speak favourably of the state of business, [PRICE SD. I Ii ,'j